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MotivationforBehaviorChange LocusofControl:DoYouFeelinCharge?
Self-Efficacy:DoYouAnticipateSuccess? GoalSetting:WhatAreYouTryingtoAchieve? DecisionalBalance:WhatAretheProsandConsofChange?
TheBehavior-ChangeProcess:TheTranstheoreticalModel StagesofChange ProcessesandTechniquesofChange
OvercomingCommonBarrierstoChange
IDon’tHaveEnoughTime ICan’tGetMotivated I’llGetAroundtoChanging Later IDon’tKnowHow
IDon’tHaveEnoughMoney ILackWillpower It’sTooHard andNoFun I’mTooTired
ICan’tSay“No” IHaveaNegativeOutlook IDon’tFeelSupported IDoOKatFirstandThenBackslide
DevelopingaPersonalizedBehavior-ChangeProgram
1.CompleteaPros-Versus-ConsAnalysis
2.MonitorYourCurrentBehavior
3 SetSMARTGoalsandPlanRewards
4.DevelopStrategiesforOvercomingObstaclesandSupportingChange
5 IdentifyHelpersandResources
6 PutTogetherYourProgramPlan
7.MakeaCommitment…andActonIt
8.TrackYourProgressandModifyYourPlanasNeeded Summary
TestYourUnderstanding MoretoExplore
LABACTIVITY2-1 GoalsandStrategiesforChange
LABACTIVITY2-2 ProgramPlanforBehaviorChange
LABACTIVITY2-3 LocusofControlLab
LABACTIVITY2-4 Self-EfficacyLabforHealthGoals
3 FundamentalsofPhysicalFitness
ComingUpinThisChapter
PhysicalFitness,PhysicalActivity,andExercise
TypesofFitness
Skill-RelatedFitness
Health-RelatedFitness
AssessingPhysicalActivityandFitness
MedicalClearance
AssessingGeneralPhysicalActivityLevels
AssessingFitness
PrinciplesofTraining
ProgressiveOverload Reversibility
Recovery Specificity
Individuality
TheFITTFormula
PuttingTogetheraCompleteWorkout PuttingTogetheraCompleteProgram
OtherConsiderationsWhenYou’reStartingaFitnessProgram
ClothingandSafetyGear
ExerciseEquipmentandFacilities
Weather
AirQuality
InjuryPreventionandManagement
Summary
TestYourUnderstanding MoretoExplore
LABACTIVITY3-1 ExerciseSafety:2017PAR-Q+
LABACTIVITY3-2 APedometer-BasedProgramforIncreasingPhysicalActivity
LABACTIVITY3-3 OvercomingBarrierstoPhysicalActivity
LABACTIVITY3-4 IncorporatingActivityintoDailyLife
4 CardiorespiratoryFitness
ComingUpinThisChapter
FactorsAffectingCardiorespiratoryFitness
TheConditionoftheCardiorespiratorySystem
EnergyProduction
TheThreeEnergySystems
DiseasesAffectingtheCardiorespiratorySystem
Genetics
BiologicalSex
UseandAge
BenefitsofCardiorespiratoryFitness
ImprovedPerformance
ReducedRiskofDisease
HealthierBodyComposition
StressManagementandImprovedEmotionalWellness
AssessingYourCardiorespiratoryFitness
TypesofCardiorespiratoryFitnessTests
EvaluatingAssessmentResultsandSettingGoals
CreatingaCardiorespiratoryFitnessProgram
GettingStarted
ApplyingtheFITTFormula
PuttingTogetheraCompleteWorkout
MakingFITTWorkforYou
PuttingYourPersonalFitnessPlanintoAction
MakingProgressTowardYourFitnessGoals
MakingExerciseSafe
PersonalTraining Online,inPerson,orSomewhereinBetween?
Fine-TuningYourProgramtoMaintainSuccessandEnjoyment
StickingwithYourProgram andRestartingItAfteraLapse
Summary
TestYourUnderstanding MoretoExplore
LABACTIVITY4-1 AssessingYourCardiorespiratoryFitness
LABACTIVITY4-2 PlanningaCardiorespiratoryFitnessProgram
LABACTIVITY4-3 AmIReadytoStartMyCardiorespiratoryFitnessProgram?
LABACTIVITY4-4 “AmIatRiskofExerciseBoredom?”
5 MuscleFitness
ComingUpinThisChapter
FactorsAffectingMuscleFitness
TypesofMuscles
TypesofMuscleFibers
BiologicalSex
AgeandUse
Genetics
BenefitsofMuscleFitness
Body-WeightControl
ImprovedPerformance
ReducedRiskofInjuryandDisease
ImprovedEmotionalandPsychologicalWellness
AssessingYourMuscleFitness
PuttingTogetheraMuscle-FitnessProgram
ChoosingAppropriateEquipmentandFacilities
SelectingTypesofMuscularTraining
ApplyingtheFITTFormula:Frequency,Intensity,Time,andType
ManagingaSafeandSuccessfulMuscle-FitnessProgram
Weight-TrainingSafetyandInjuryPrevention
MakingProgress
AvoidingDrugsandSupplements
Summary
TestYourUnderstanding
MoretoExplore
SampleResistance-TrainingPrograms
Strength-TrainingExercises
LABACTIVITY5-1 AssessingYourMuscularStrength
LABACTIVITY5-2 AssessingYourMuscularEndurance
LABACTIVITY5-3 CreatingaProgramforBuildingandMaintainingMuscleFitness
6 FlexibilityandLow-BackFitness
ComingUpinThisChapter
FactorsAffectingFlexibility
JointStructure
ConnectiveTissuesandNervousSystemAction InjuryandDisease
Genetics
Sex
UseandAge
BenefitsofFlexibility
ImprovedPerformance
ReducedRiskofInjury
OtherBenefitsofFlexibilityandStretchingExercises
AssessingYourFlexibility
PuttingTogetheraFlexibilityProgram
FlexibilityTrainingTechniques
ApplyingtheFITTFormula
Low-BackFitness
StructureandFunctionoftheSpine
UnderstandingBodyMechanicsandGoodPosture
PreventionandManagementofLow-BackPain
Summary
TestYourUnderstanding MoretoExplore FlexibilityExercises
ExercisesfortheLowerBack
LABACTIVITY6-1 AssessingYourFlexibility
LABACTIVITY6-2 CreatingaProgramforFlexibility
LABACTIVITY6-3 EvaluatingPosture
LABACTIVITY6-4 AssessingYourMuscularEnduranceforLow-BackFitness
LABACTIVITY6-5 ChecklistforPreventingLow-BackPain
7 BodyCompositionBasics
ComingUpinThisChapter
BasicsofBodyComposition
FactorsAffectingBodyComposition
Genetics
BiologicalSex
Age
Ethnicity
LifestyleandEnvironment
BodyCompositionandWellness
ProblemsAssociatedwithExcessBodyFat
ProblemsAssociatedwithTooLittleBodyFat
BodyCompositionandAthleticPerformance
BodyComposition,BodyImage,andEmotionalWellness
AssessingBodyComposition
BodyMassIndex:AnIndirectMeasureofBodyFat MethodsforEstimatingPercentBodyFat MethodsforAssessingBody-FatDistribution
MakingChangesinBodyComposition
SettingAppropriateGoals
FocusingonEnergyBalance
Summary
TestYourUnderstanding
MoretoExplore
LABACTIVITY7-1 EvaluatingBMI,PercentBodyFat,andBody-FatDistribution
LABACTIVITY7-2 SettingBody-CompositionGoals
LABACTIVITY7-3 AcceptingYourBody
8 NutritionBasics:EnergyandNutrients
ComingUpinThisChapter
DietaryComponentsandConcepts
Macronutrients,Micronutrients,andEnergy
EnergyandNutrientRecommendations
EnergyDensityandNutrientDensity
TheAmericanDietandtheRecommendedDiet
Carbohydrates
SimpleandComplexCarbohydrates
RecommendedCarbohydrateIntake
Fiber
Protein
CompleteandIncompleteProteins
RecommendedProteinIntake
Fats
TypesofFats
Cholesterol
Water
SourcesofWater
RecommendedIntakeofWater
VitaminsandMinerals
SourcesandRecommendedIntakesofVitaminsandMinerals
VitaminsandMineralsofSpecialConcern x
SpecialRecommendationsforSpecificGroups
ChoosingandUsingSupplements
FoodLabels:AnImportantToolforConsumers
AssessingYourDietforEnergyandNutrientIntakes
Summary
TestYourUnderstanding
MoretoExplore
LABACTIVITY8-1 DeterminingEnergyandMacronutrientIntakeGoals
LABACTIVITY8-2 YourCurrentDiet:EnergyandNutrientAnalysis
9 EatingforWellnessandWeightManagement
ComingUpinThisChapter
PlanningaHealthyDiet
USDA’sMyPlate
VegetarianDiets
DASHandOtherDietaryPlans
DevelopingPracticalFoodSkills
MealPlanningandPreparation
FastFoodandRestaurantChoices
FoodSafetyandTechnology
MakingChangesfortheBetter
HealthyWeightLossandMaintenance
FocusonEnergyBalance
Weight-LossPlans,Products,andProcedures
HealthyWeightGain
EatingDisorders
Summary
TestYourUnderstanding
MoretoExplore
LABACTIVITY9-1 YourCurrentDietVersusMyPlate
LABACTIVITY9-2 GoalsandStrategiesforWeightManagement
LABACTIVITY9-3 AmIAnEmotionalEater?
LABACTIVITY9-4 InventoryforHealthyEatingBehaviors
LABACTIVITY9-5 EatingHabitsinDifferentEnvironments
10 StressandItsSources
ComingUpinThisChapter
StressandtheStressResponse
WhatIsStress?
TheStressResponse:FightorFlight
TheStressEmotions:AngerandFear
FactorsAffectingtheExperienceofStress
Personality
GenderandBiologicalSex
WaysofThinking:CognitiveStrategies
StressandWellness
StressandPerformance
StressandOverallHealth
AcuteversusChronicStress
SourcesofStress
LifeExperiencesLargeandSmall
JobandFinancialPressures
RelationshipsandFamilies
SocialandEnvironmentalStressors
ManagingStress
TimeManagement
CognitiveStrategies
HealthyRelationshipsandSocialSupport
HealthyLifestyleChoices:PhysicalActivity,EatingHabits,andSleep
SpiritualWellness
RelaxationTechniques
WhenStressBecomesTooMuch:GettingHelp
Summary
TestYourUnderstanding
MoretoExplore
LABACTIVITY10-1 What’sStressingYou?
LABACTIVITY10-2 HowWellAreYouHandlingStress?
11 ChronicDiseases
ComingUpinThisChapter
CardiovascularDisease
TypesofCardiovascularDisease
AssessingYourRiskforCardiovascularDisease:FactorsYouCannotControl CardiovascularDiseasePrevention Symptoms,Diagnosis,andTreatmentofCardiovascularDisease
Cancer
TypesofCancer
AssessingYourRiskforCancer CancerPrevention Symptoms,Diagnosis,andTreatmentofCancer
Diabetes
TypesofDiabetes
AssessingYourRiskforDiabetes DiabetesPrevention Symptoms,Diagnosis,andTreatmentofDiabetes
PuttingItAllTogetherforChronicDiseasePrevention
Summary
TestYourUnderstanding MoretoExplore
LABACTIVITY11-1 IdentifyingYourChronicDiseaseRiskFactors
LABACTIVITY11-2 InventoryofHeart-HealthyBehaviors
LABACTIVITY11-3 AmIEatingCancerPreventionFoods?
12 InfectiousDiseases
ComingUpinThisChapter
InfectionandImmunity
Pathogens
TheCycleofInfection
TheBody’sDefenses
TheImmuneSystem
TheRoleofImmunizations
StagesandPatternsofInfectiousDiseases
PreventionandTreatmentofInfectiousDiseases
InfectiousDiseasesonCampus
ColdsandInfluenza
InfectiousMononucleosis
Meningitis
BacterialSkinInfections
SexuallyTransmittedInfections
HPVInfection:GenitalWartsandCervicalCancer
Chlamydia
Gonorrhea
PelvicInflammatoryDisease(PID)
Syphilis
GenitalHerpes
ViralHepatitis
HIVInfectionandAIDS
Summary
TestYourUnderstanding
MoretoExplore
LABACTIVITY12-1 InfectiousDiseaseRiskChecklist
LABACTIVITY12-2 IllnessPreventionInventory
13 SubstanceUse,Dependence,andAddiction
ComingUpinThisChapter
UnderstandingAddictiveBehaviors
DefiningAddictionandDependence
DevelopingAddiction
PsychoactiveDrugs
MisuseandAbuseofPsychoactiveDrugs
Caffeine:TheMostCommonlyConsumedPsychoactiveDrug
Marijuana
NonmedicalUseofPrescriptionDrugs
Alcohol
AlcoholicBeveragesandDrinkingPatterns
Short-TermEffectsofAlcoholUse
Long-TermHealthEffectsofAlcoholUse
AlcoholAbuseandAlcoholism
Tobacco
PrevalenceandPatternsofTobaccoUse
TobaccoandNicotine
EffectsofSmoking
OtherFormsofTobaccoUse
EnvironmentalTobaccoSmoke
QuittingTobacco
Summary
TestYourUnderstanding MoretoExplore
LABACTIVITY13-1 AlcoholUseandOtherAddictiveBehaviors
Afterward:LifetimeFitnessandWellness
LABACTIVITYA-1 WellnessReflection:HowFarHaveYouCome?
Appendix:Answersto“MythorFact?”Exercises
References
Index
Preface
RealStudents’Questions;Practical,Research-BasedAnswers
QuestionsandAnswersisbuiltonquestions realquestionsaboutrealhealthandwellnessissuescollectedfrom real students at both two- and four-year schools across the United States. In responding to these student inquiries, authors Gary Liguori and Sandra Carroll-Cobb combine the latest science-based knowledge with practicalguidanceonconcreteactionsstudentscantakenowtoimprovetheirfitnessandwellness.
QuestionsandAnswers’activelearningapproachincludesafocusonbehaviorchangeandthelatestresearch andscience
FOCUSONBEHAVIORCHANGE
Questions and Answers’ results-centered pedagogy ensures that the content of each chapter works toward the larger goal of making students active participants in their own life-learning Critical-thinking questions and callstoactionpromptstudentstoevaluatethecontentandconnectittotheirownexperiences
Online video case studies follow real college students attempting to change their behavior and prompt readers to apply lessons from these experiences to their own behavior-change goals A series of lab activities providetrackingtoolsandself-assessmentformsthatcanbecompletedinprintoronline
LATESTRESEARCHANDSCIENCE
The Fourth Edition features new research-based coverage of the use of digital technology, including new Tech Tips in every chapter that help students take advantage of apps and tech-based devices that will help them reach their fitness and wellness goals. Additionally, every chapter has been updated to reflect current scientific thinking, data, and statistics from such authoritative sources as the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, the American Cancer Society, the American Heart Association, the US Food and Drug Administration,andtheU.S.DepartmentofAgriculture.
xvii
BetterData,SmarterRevision,ImprovedResults
StudentshelpedinformtherevisionstrategyofQuestionsandAnswers:
Step 1. Over three years, data points showing concepts that caused students the most difficulty were collectedanonymouslyfromtheConnectFitnessandWellnessSmartBookproduct
Step 2. The data from SmartBook were provided to the authors in the form of a heat map, which graphicallyillustrated“hotspots”inthetextthataffectedstudentlearning(seebelow).
Step3. The authors used the heat map data to refine the content and reinforce student comprehension in the new edition. Additional quiz questions and assignable activities were created for use in Connect Fitness andWellnesstofurthersupportstudentsuccess
Result. Because the heat map gave the authors empirically based feedback at the paragraph and even sentencelevel,theydevelopedtheneweditionusingprecisestudentdatathatpinpointedconceptsthatcaused studentsthemostdifficulty
xviii
CustomizeYourCourseMaterials:McGraw-HillEducationCreateTM
Craft your teaching resources to match the way you teach! With McGraw-HillEducationCreate™ , you can easily rearrange chapters, combine material from other content sources, and quickly upload content you have written,likeyourcoursesyllabusorteachingnotes FindthecontentyouneedinCreatebysearchingthrough thousands of leading McGraw-Hill textbooks Create even allows you to personalize your book’s appearance by selecting the cover and adding your name, school, and course information. Order a Create book and you’ll receive a complimentary print review copy in 3–5 business days or a complimentary electronic review copy (eComp) via e-mail in minutes Go to wwwcreatemheducationcom today and register to experience how McGraw-HillEducationCreate™empowersyoutoteachyourstudentsyourway.
InstructorResources
Instructor’s Manual The instructor’s manual includes materials to support course and class planning. Each chapter of the Manual provides learning objectives, key terms, a lecture outline, discussion questions, classroom activities, and Internet resources Each Manual chapter also lists materials that can be assigned via Connect.
TestBankThetestbankincludesmultiplechoice,true/false,fill-in-the-blank,matching,andessayquestions. Questionsarealignedtolearningobjectives,chaptercontent,andBloom’staxonomy Theyaredesignedto assessfactual,conceptualandappliedunderstanding ThetestbankisavailableasaWordfile,andthrough EZTestandTestGenTM software
PowerPointPresentationThePowerPointpresentationsincludekeypointsandsupportingimages The presentationsarenowWCAGcompliant.
ImageGalleryTheImageGalleryfeaturesthecompletesetofdownloadablefiguresandtablesfromthetext ThesecanbeembeddedintoPowerPointslides
ContentChangesbyChapter
Asmentionedearlier,thestudentperformanceheatmapdatafromSmartBookwasusedtorevisethetextfor greaterclarity.Andconsistentwithpreviouseditions,thecontentincludesupdatedstatistics,figures,anddata throughout Chapter-by-chapterchangesareasfollows:
CHAPTER1
New“FastFact:DrivingDistracted”box,withthelatestdataondigitaldeviceusage Expandedexplanationoflifeexpectancywiththenew“TechTip:CalculatingLifeExpectancy”box Updatedinformationontheeffectsofsocialmediauseinthe“ResearchBrief:SocialNetworkingand SocialWellness”box
UpdatedinformationonstudentcreditcarduseandtheimpactoftheCreditCardActonstudentdebt Updateddatathroughout,includingthelatestfiguresonmortality,qualityoflife,andstudenthealth problems
CHAPTER2
New“TechTip”boxdescribingappsdesignedtosupportbehaviorchanges Revised,clearerfigureshowingthestagesofbehaviorchange
CHAPTER3
Anew“FastFacts”boxsuggestschildhoodgamesthataregoodexerciseforadults Anew“TechTip”boxrecommendsactivevideogamesasanalternativetosedentaryones Newinformationaboutthedetrimentsoftoomuchsitting UpdatedstatisticsonAmericanslivingwithdisabilityandchroniclimitationsandAmericanleisure-time physicalactivity
CHAPTER4
WheelchairtestaddedtoLab4.1forstudentswithphysicaldisabilities AdditionofresearchfindingsthatsupportHIITasameansofcardiorespiratoryfitnesstraining Newfigureexplainingfatvs carb“burn”duringexercise
New“TechTip:UsingaHeartRateMonitortoBoostIntervalTraining”box New“TechTip:MovingonaTreadmillvs.MovingOutdoors”box
CHAPTER5
New“TechTip”boxonpocket-sizedevicesforisometricexercises Newdiscussionsoftheoccurrenceofweightgainearlyinaresistancetrainingprogram Additionalemphasisontheroleofresistancetraininginsport
CHAPTER6
Newinformationonthecharacteristicsofdynamicstretching Newrecommendationsonbackpackweights
New“TechTip:HowSmartAreYourShoes?”
CHAPTER7
Clarificationsregardingessentialfatandtheroleofgeneticsinbodycomposition
Newinformationonsocialmediauseandbodyimage
New“TechTip”boxonthelimitationsofat-homebodyfatscales
CHAPTER8
Updatestoreflectthe2015USDADietaryGuidelines,includingthenewfoodlabel New“TechTip”boxontheuseoftechnologyinfarming Newevidencesupportingplant-baseddiets
Updatesontheroleofdiaryinthediet
ImproveddiscussionoftheroleofAMDRsinplanningahealthydiet
Moreinformationaboutsupplementsafety,efficacy,andregulations
CHAPTER9
New“FastFact:TipsforAvoidingWeightGaininCollege”box
New“FastFact”boxonhowrestaurantlightingmayinfluencefoodchoices New“TechTip”boxonthepotentialforcoldtherapytoboostweightloss
New“TechTip”boxonthepotentialfordigitalavatarstosupporthealthybehaviors Newinformationonthecognitiveaspectofbehaviorchangeasitrelatestodietarychanges
Moreonpopulardietsandpopulardietbooks
AdditionofthePhysiciansCommitteeforResponsibleMedicine(PCRM)PowerPlateasanalternative healthydietchoice
Greateremphasisonthevalueofconsuming“good”fatsandreducingprocessedsugars
Expandedcomparisonofhomecookedversuseatingoutoptions
Updateddatathroughout,includingthelatestonpopulationtrendsinoverweightandobesity
CHAPTER10
New“ResearchBrief”boxonpatternsinhealthyandtroubledmarriages
New“FastFact:StressinAmerica”box
New“FastFact:LowStressLiving:WhereCanYouFindIt?”box
New“TechTip”boxonthepotentialforappstodecreasestress
Greateremphasisontheroleofstressinhelpingusgrowandlearn,andthedifferencebetweenpositive andnegativestress
CoverageofaddressingPTSDthroughposttraumaticgrowththerapy
Additionalinformationonsourcesofstress,includinguncertaintiesaboutsexualorientation
Expandedinformationoncognitivestrategiesfordealingwithstressandonhowassertivebehaviorcanbe usedeffectively
Updatedinformationthroughout,includingnewresearchonthebrain’sreactiontostress
CHAPTER11
New“ResearchBrief:WhatIsSittingDisease?”box
New“TechTip”boxonsettinguppersonaldevicestomakeemergencyinformationaccessibletoothers
Updatedcancerscreeningandself-examrecommendations
Expandeddiscussionofhowcholesterolfunctionsinthebodyandwhycholesterollevelsshouldbe checked
Newinformationontherelationshipofe-cigarettesandhookahstocancer
Additionalresearchfindingsonimprovinghappinessinthe“ResearchBrief:Don’tWorry,BeHappy”box
Updateddatathroughout,includingthelatestfiguresonprevalenceandmortalityratesforcommon chronicdiseases,andtheprevalenceofhighbloodpressureandoffrequentlydiagnosedcancers
CHAPTER12
New“TechTip”boxonat-homegutbacteriatests
New“FastFact:ADozenReasonstoPracticeSaferSex”box
Updatesonantibioticresistance
Newinformationontheroleofgutbacteriainimmunefunction
CHAPTER13
New“FastFact:HowtoDisposeofPrescriptionDrugs”box
New“TechTip”boxontechnologyunderdevelopmenttopreventdrunkdriving
Additionaltipsongettinghelpforaddictions
Newinformationonconcussionsandhowtheyrelatetosubstanceabuse
Increasedattentionto“streetdrugs”andopioids
AbouttheAuthors
Gary Liguori, PhD, is the dean of the College of Health Sciences at the University of Rhode Island, where he is also co-director of the Academic Health Collaborative and a Professor of Kinesiology Gary received his PhD from North Dakota State University, MS from East Stroudsburg University, and BS from the University of Central Missouri Gary has held faculty and administrative positions at the University of Tennessee Chattanooga, North Dakota State University, Youngstown State University, and the University of Wyoming Gary is a fellow of the American College of Sports Medicine, and he serves on the Executive Council of the ACSM Committee of Certification and Registry Board (CCRB) and on the Executive Council of the ACSM Publications Committee Gary was the senior editor of the first edition of ACSM’sResourcesfortheHealthFitnessSpecialist, an associate editor for ACSM’sGuidelinesforExerciseTesting andPrescription (10th edition), and the senior editor of ACSM’s Health-Related Physical Fitness Assessment Manual (5th edition) Gary has been a keynote presenter at venues around the world, published more than 30 peer-reviewed articles, and sits on the advisory board of numeroushealth,wellness,andmedicalorganizations
Sandra Carroll-Cobb, EdD, has been teaching health and physical education classes in schools, businesses, and medical facilities for over 25 years Sandra has presented at a number of state, regional, and national conventions and has served the national committees of several professional organizations Most recently at the University of Alaska Anchorage for fifteen years, Dr Carroll-Cobb served as faculty, associate dean, and dean During this time she remained active with health and physical activity programs throughout the community and state serving on the Conoco-Phillips Healthy Futures Advisory Board, as a statewide trainer for the Alaska Department of Education &
Early Development Team Nutrition grant, as a PEP grant evaluator for the Anchorage School District, and a contributor to the Alaska School Health and Safety Plan Sandra was active on the Steering Committee for the State of Alaska Cardiovascular Health Coalition (Take Heart Alaska); the Executive Board of the Alaska Association for Health, Physical Education, Recreation, and Dance; and the Anchorage Community YMCA Advisory Board Sandra now owns her own business where she does freelance writing, consulting and periodicallyworksasadjunctfaculty
Acknowledgments
Thankyoutoallreviewersofthepreviouseditions,aswellastheattendeesofMcGraw-Hillfitnessand wellnesssymposiums.YourfeedbackhascontinuallyhelpedshapedthedirectionofQuestionsandAnswers. SpecialthankstoMichelleLomonaco,attheCitadel,whocollectednewquestionsfromherstudentsforthe thirdeditionandtoLoriClark,atChemeketaCommunityCollege,whoprovidedextensiveguidanceon updatingthecoverageofsocialwellnessthroughoutthetextandwhoalsoservedasanauthorforthe inventory-typelabs Specialthanksaswelltothefollowinginstructorswhoprovideddetailedreviewsofthe previouseditioninpreparationfortheFourthEdition:
DavidBarrett,NormandaleCommunityCollege
AaronButler,WarnerPacificCollege
LoriHusethClark,ChemeketaCommunityCollegeandGreenRiverCommunityCollege
TaraEndries,CentralOregonCommunityCollege
MerrillFunk,UniversityofTexasatRioGrandeandUniversityofTexasatBrownsville
KathyGates,CenturyCommunityandTechCollege
LindaMarieGarrettHamill,TheCitadel
KevinHarper,TarrantCountyCollegeNortheast CandiHendershot,UniversityofFindlay
AmyHowton,KennesawStateUniversity
SharonJalene,UniversityofNevada,LasVegas
ChetMartin,TarletonStateUniversity
