Shekhar Bagwades Titan Lindsey Wilson College IXDS

14 December 2015

Project Titan Dashboard December 2015

Design Document by Shekhar P Bagawde IXDS6123 DATA VISUALIZATION | Professor: Jason Occhipinti Lindsey Wilson College - IXDS Master of Arts Degree Project Titan Dashboard | December 2015

Itinerary (Table of Contents) Project Description The Challenge The Approach Discovery Design Validation + Refinement Develop Project Titan Dashboard | December 2015

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Destination (Project Description) Known as ‘Project Titan’ in the industry and throughout the media, the Apple electric car is the most awaited automobile-related launch in decades.

This design document is for the Data Visualization class, hence the primary focus is on display of data and visualizing information.

Project Titan Dashboard | December 2015

Design a dashboard for Apple's next generation 'Project Titan' semi-autonomous electric car

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The Journey (User Centered Design Process)

DISCOVERY

DESIGN VALIDATE

REFINE DEVELOP

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Discovery

Sketch notes based on high-level findings after reading about Project Titan

(Research) “We look at a number of things along the way, and we decided to really put our energies in a few of them.”

—Tim Cook, Apple’s CEO Wall Street Journal: Apple’s Targets Electric-Car Shipping Date for 2019

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Discovery (Research)

Project Titan - 2019 Apple Inc. is accelerating efforts to build an electric car, designating it internally as a “committed project� and setting a target ship date for 2019, according to people familiar with the matter.

Patents filed by Apple There are patents filed by Apple that provide evidences that the company has been performing research and development in automotive technologies for over a decade.

Mysterious Apple Car spotted Apple's mysterious Dodge Caravan

Project Titan Dashboard | December 2015

There have been reports around a mysterious Dodge Caravan that is leased to Apple, that has been spotted driving in the Bay area. The van seems to have roof mounted cameras and sensors. Some news agencies reported about Apple trying to test driverless car with this Dodge Caravan. However, Apple announced that these vehicles were actually being used to improve Apple's maps service.

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Discovery (Competitor Analysis) Brands Evaluated

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CHEVROLET VOLT

Discovery (Competitor Analysis)

Ford Fusion Energi PHEV

Top Selling Electric Cars in 2015

TESLA MODEL S NISSAN LEAF

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BMW i3

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Discovery

CHEVROLET VOLT

(Competitor Analysis)

Ford Fusion Energi PHEV

Dashboards TESLA MODEL S NISSAN LEAF

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BMW i3

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Electric Car Sales in the US

Discovery

This year Tesla Model S is leading in the overall EV Car Sales in the US with 23,566 units sold.

It replaced Nissan Leaf who was the #1 in sales same time last year.

Tesla Model S

(Competitor Analysis)

Nissan Leaf

Source: EV Obsession

Chevy Volt

BMW i3 YTD 2014

Ford Fusion Energi PHEV

YTD 2015 0

5K

10K

15K

20K

25K

Price Tesla Model S is leading in the overall EV Car Sales in the US and is priced at $69,900, highest within the top selling Electric Cars

Tesla Model S

Nissan Leaf

$29,010

Chevy Volt

$34,345

$42,400

Source: Google

BMW i3 Ford Fusion Energi PHEV

$0 $10K $20K Project Titan Dashboard | December 2015$30K

$34,800

$40K

$50K

$60K

$70K

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MPGe (Miles per gallon gasoline equivalent)

Discovery

97

Tesla Model S

(Competitor Analysis)

94 101

Nissan Leaf

126 93

Chevy Volt

BMW i3 gives the highest MPGe

101 111 137

Source: Google

BMW i3 81

Ford Fusion Energi PHEV

Highway 95

City 0

20

40

60

80

100

120

130

Horse Power

Tesla Model S leads and provides the highest 380 Horse Power

Tesla Model S

107

Nissan Leaf

Chevy Volt

149 170

Source: Google

BMW i3 188

Ford Fusion Energi PHEV

0 100 Project Titan Dashboard | 50 December 2015

150

200

250

300

350

400

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Discovery (Competitor Analysis)

Semi-Autonomous Features Adaptive Cruise Control

Auto Pilot

Lane Change

Auto Park

Emergency Braking

Tesla Model S

Nissan Leaf Cruise Control Will hit roads starting in 2016

In mid-October this year, Tesla released version 7.0 which introduced safety and convenience features that are designed to work in conjunction with automated driving capabilities.

Tesla clearly leads the pack in all areas within the top 5 selling Electric Cars in the US. It will be interesting to see how Apple will position itself with respect to Price, MPGe, Horse Power, Battery and Semi-Autonomous Features.

Chevy Volt Will begin testing fully autonomous Chevy Volt in 2016

BMW i3

Ford Fusion Energi PHEV

Active Cruise Control

Cruise Control

Source: Tesla Model S, Autoweek, CNN Money Project Titan Dashboard | December 2015

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Discovery (Research and Mood boarding) As part of the research I tried to put together a private board on Pinterest to have a collection of inspirational imagery of automobile and industry design influences which helped in making initial design decisions.

Private Board on Pinterest: http://ow.ly/VHmx4 Project Titan Dashboard | December 2015

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Discovery (User Research: User Interviews) To follow a User Centered Design approach, performed user research by interviewing users.

Prepared a questionnaire and sat next to them in their respective cars and had a conversation as part of user interviews.

This user research was performed to facilitate documentation of two key deliverables:

Persona Creation Requirement Inventory + Taxonomy Project Titan Dashboard | December 2015

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Participant Demographics and Vehicle Details Participants interviewed: 7

Discovery (User Research: User Interviews)

Driver Assist Features, Car Dashboard and Electronic Instrument Cluster Display, Steering Controls

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User Quotes

Discovery (User Research: User Interviews) User Interview Analysis: Google Docs Spreadsheet

3 users echoed this spontaneously: “Why cannot my car dashboard display my iPhone screen?”

“I’m forced to pay for something (Built-in Navigation Unit) that I don’t like and which I know is going to become obsolete” "I'm so used to using my iPhone for accessing maps for direction, listening to music, answering calls" "The built-in navigation unit will cost me another $4k-$5k, when you get a decent tablet in the range of $500.00" “Certain amount of tactile buttons or analog features are good, since they are tried and test for years.”

"Everything ‘digital’ may not last for many years. I get bored with my smartphone in 2-3 years”

Analyzed user interviewees' responses to find patterns and insights. Based on the patterns and insights, documents archetypical models for personas.

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Discovery Initial draft version inventory: Google Docs Spreadsheet

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(User Research: Requirements)

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Discovery (User Research: Personas) Build Personas based on User Interview Analysis

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Persona 1 AFFLUENT BUSINESS EXEC.

“Why cannot the car dashboard display my iPhone screen .…”

BRIAN

40 years, Married San Diego, CA Hobbies

Music

Sports

Photography

Education High School

Platforms, Devices & Social Media Graduate

Married with 2 children (10 and 7).

Digital Savvy Alien

Tourist

Immigrant

Doesn’t like any features which are deep or more than two steps away.

He is used to using Google Maps, Music App on his phone, but still has to use the

Native

Household Income 100K

150K

in-built navigation system and infotainment system 200K

250 K

Apps

Personality Introvert

Sensing

Judging

Project Titan Dashboard | December 2015

Brian is an Engineering Lead and Architect with a leading technology giant.

Worked as a consultant at the same company, worked his way up from a Developer

Post Graduate PHD

MOTIVATIONS

Extrovert

Intuition

Perceiving

Social Media Sports Videos

Music Games

EXPERIENCE GOALS

•

Friends and Family.

•

•

Stay up to date with the latest trends and technologies,

Uses his car to commute to work on weekdays

•

•

Tech Savvy, Environment-friendly, and Early-adopters

Wants to keep a track of average mileage, miles remaining till he needs to hit the gas station, miles driven past service due

•

He uses his phone for navigation, listening to music and for answering calls

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The Journey (User Centered Design Process)

DISCOVERY

DESIGN VALIDATE

REFINE DEVELOP

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Design (Initial Concept Sketches)

Tried to do some quick white-boarding to flesh out details around features and how information will be laid out on the dashboard. This along with initial draft sketches might help to document medium fidelity wire-frames.

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Design (Initial Concept Sketches) With this interface concept, I'm trying to explore if I can combine both information cluster + infotainment system in a single panel.

The interface is grid based and divided into four broad sections: 1. Header 2. Speedometer 3. Energy / Semi Autonomous Features / Info 4. Apps.

Also, tried to show how these features can be accessed by steering wheel controls.

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Design (Medium Fidelity Wire-frames) Iteration 1: Information Cluster + Infotainment System

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The Journey (User Centered Design Process)

DISCOVERY

DESIGN VALIDATE

REFINE DEVELOP

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Validate (Medium Fidelity Wire-frames)

“There is a lot is going on here and it’s a bit overwhelming for me. I probably don’t want see this much information while I’m driving…”

– Test Participant

Iteration 1: User Testing Medium Fidelity wire-frames

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User Testing with Iteration 1 Participant 1: Q1. What are the main components for you on a car dashboard (information cluster)? And can you tell me if this proposed design helps you with the information that you are looking for.

A1. Key features that I expect from the car dashboard are - speed (speedometer), fuel guage, navigation, music and phone.

Observation / Comments: The test participant said that he won't use the 'Settings' while driving. Would typically use voice commands for selecting tracks. The test participant expressed that there is too much of information displayed on the information cluster. There were few data points which he felt he would not use at all - such as 'NE' (compass), because he would be depending on the GPS and felt that was a redundant piece of information ---------------------------------------------------------------------------Q2. GPS Navigation - what is your preferred location for GPS Navigation.

A2. The test participant said that he was interested to see the GPS Navigation within the information cluster.

---------------------------------------------------------------------------Other comments: The test participant informed that he thought that the information cluster was touch screen interface and that he would not use touch gestures. He would use voice commands to select music or make calls.

He expressed that he would be interested to see notifications, for e.g. while driving the dashboard alerts him if the car is running low on fuel and gives him an option to find nearest gas station.

RPM (Tachometer) is something that he doesn't use at all. the test participant expressed that that information is not of any use to him.

Regarding Energy Consumption, the test participant felt that that information should be on demand and not necessarily be displayed there all the time.

Project Titan Dashboard | December 2015

Validate (Medium Fidelity Wire-frames) Iteration 1: User Testing Medium Fidelity wire-frames

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Refine (Medium Fidelity Wire-frames) Iteration 2: Revisited the Sitemap and updated medium fidelity wire-frames by simplifying the Information Cluster.

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Refine (Medium Fidelity Wire-frames) Iteration 2: Revisited the Sitemap and updated medium fidelity wire-frames

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Refine (Medium Fidelity Wire-frames) Iteration 2: Detailed interactions for use cases such as browsing sections and selecting driver assist features such as Adaptive Cruise.

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Validate (Medium Fidelity Wire-frames) Iteration 2: User Testing Medium Fidelity wire-frames

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User Testing with Iteration 2 Participant 2: Q1. What are the main components for you on a car dashboard (information cluster)? And can you tell me if this proposed design helps you with the information that you are looking for.

A1. Key components that I expect from the car dashboard are - speed (speedometer) what speed I'm driving, am I adhering to the speed limit and fuel gauge.

Observation: The test participant said that 'central panel' caught her attention more than the behind-the-wheel information cluster. The test participant was not able to quickly locate the fuel gauge, she was expecting it to be on the right-hand-side, as she is used to looking at the fuel gauge at that location. She was not sure about the 'Engine Temperature' icon and dial. Also, the test participant confirmed that she does not look at the RPM (Tachometer) while she is driving.

---------------------------------------------------------------------------Q2. GPS Navigation - what is your preferred location for GPS Navigation. Among the three options provided what is your preference?

A2. The test participant was comfortable with the GPS Navigation to be placed in the central panel. She did not particularly like the idea of HUD (Head-up Display) which might be in her line of duty. Also the test participant was not keen to see the GPS to be within the information cluster.

Validate (Medium Fidelity Wire-frames) Iteration 2: User Testing Medium Fidelity wire-frames

Observation: The test participant actually tried to visualize the HUD for GPS Navigation and felt that it would obstruct her vision while driving and did not feel that it would help her.

She was inclined towards using the GPS Navigation placed in the Central Panel.

---------------------------------------------------------------------------Q3. Climate Control - how do you typically use climate controls in your car and will this design help you?

A3. The test participant was confused with few controls. She felt that they were to adjust the seat. But later figured out and walked me through how she would use them.

---------------------------------------------------------------------------Q4. Pairing of phone - features for Navigation, Music, Phone and Messages A4. The test participant liked the idea that her phone will be paired and that she could access apps on her phone.

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The Journey (User Centered Design Process)

DISCOVERY

DESIGN VALIDATE

REFINE DEVELOP

Project Titan Dashboard | December 2015

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Develop (Medium-Fidelity Prototype) Continue to refine wire-frames based on user flow for Medium Fidelity Clickable Prototype Medium Fidelity Prototype using Invision: https://invis.io/KH53H7LBY

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Refine (Hi-Fidelity UI Mockups) Information Cluster and Face Plate

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Visualizing Data On Information Cluster

Energy Consumption (kwh) Speed (mph)

Repowering Battery (Regenerative Braking) Speed (mph)

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User Interactions For Driver Assist Features

Tactile controls to navigate features

Adaptive Cruise

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Auto Pilot

Park Assist

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User Interactions & Visualizations For Driver Assist Features

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Adaptive Cruise

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User Interactions & Visualizations For Driver Assist Features

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Park Assist

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Develop (High-Fidelity Prototype) Storyboard based on user flow for High Fidelity Clickable Prototype

High-Fidelity Prototype using Invision: https://invis.io/Y957CAYPU

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Project Titan Dashboard | December 2015

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References (Image Source)

(Information / Data Source)

Apple’s mysterious Dodge Caravan http://www.wired.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/original-sized.jpg)

Mysterious Apple Car Spotted Roaming Bay Area Streets( http://www.macrumors.com/2015/02/04/mysterious-apple-car/)

Tesla Car http://www.ewizz.co.za/wp-content/uploads/2013/10/Tesla-model-s-in-norway900x600.jpg)

Patents filed by Apple related to research and development in automotive technologies http://www.google.com/patents/US20130099892)

BMW i3 http://www.newcarsrelease2015.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/03/2015-BMWi3-Hatchback-Exterior.jpg

US Electric Car Sales - EV Obsession http://evobsession.com/tanking-nissan-leaf-takes-us-electric-car-market-with-it/)

Ford Fusion Energi PHEV http://www.orangemotors.com/Fusion/2014_ford_fusion_photo_22.jpg Chevrolet Volt http://www.hybridcars.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/07/mm_gal_item_c2.jpg Nissan Leaf https://pbs.twimg.com/media/CBgxYDCUUAECtUB.jpg Persona Picture – From Jason Travis collection on Flickr https://www.flickr.com/photos/jasontravis/7971164098/in/album72157603258446753/

Tesla Auto Pilot https://www.teslamotors.com/presskit/autopilot Nissan to test semi-autonomous car in 2016 http://autoweek.com/article/tokyo-motor-show/nissans-autonomous-system-takesstreets Chevrolet’s driverless car http://money.cnn.com/2015/10/01/news/companies/general-motors-driverlesscars/

Photos used in the background: Clicked using iPhone 4, Samsung S5 and One Plus One Smartphone on travel and road-trips

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Thank You

Design Document by Shekhar P Bagawde IXDS6123 DATA VISUALIZATION | Professor: Jason Occhipinti Lindsey Wilson College - IXDS Master of Arts Degree Project Titan Dashboard | December 2015