History - Religious Change in the Late Medieval and Early Modern Periods

First, do the test which is at this link: it is based on the first 6 pages of Ch.1. Then start the slide show on the next slide.

https://forms.office.com/Pages/ResponsePag e.aspx?id=Ss9gunGyjEaOTfgifWd91sJwpp_OB VlBn8cSGM5wSANUMkNBNzA4MVVRRFVWN zBHQUlQSEw2UVNMWi4u

To play the voiceover, select Slide Show, then press play (small green arrow).

Religious Change in the Late Medieval and Early Modern Periods.

LO: to explore the nature of religious change as a backdrop to the European Witch Hunts.

Results of Heresy: It led to a greater sensitivity by the Church to all types of non-conformity (witches, Jews etc), e.g. Cathar persecutions turn into Jewish persecutions in S France N Spain.

Sets the precedent for the Church passing death sentences on people (they can then later be passed on “witches”). Until this point, Church punishments have generally been more lenient than state punishments.

The Inquisition – and the Inquisitorial process - in place from the 13th century because of heresy (and can later be used against witches)

Witchcraft gets merged with laws against heresy in two ways: 1) by witchcraft being declared a heresy in 1326 by Pope John 22nd 2) by witchcraft being declared an “exceptional crime”, which meant that the usual inquisitorial limits on torture didn’t have to apply (by Pope Innocent VIII in a papal bull of 1484).

The Protestant Reformation th of the 16 century LO: to analyse how far the Reformation and Counter Reformation contributed to the Witch Hunts of the 1500s and 1600s.

It all began in 1517 ‌.. when a German monk named Martin Luther criticised the Catholic Church.

He listed 95 things that he believed were bad about the Catholic Church and preached his beliefs to the people (the 95 Theses).

The Pope excommunicated him.

But his ideas struck a chord and many people joined his protest against the Catholic Church. They became known as Protestants.

Some of Martin Luther's beliefs about the Catholic Church - add them into your “threats to Catholicism” column:

1. It was wrong that people could ‘buy off’ their sins by paying money to the church 2. People were naturally sinful and they should seek salvation by believing in God; good works were secondary in importance – they would be a natural product of faith in God.

3. Priests were not special, and they should be subject to the law of the land in the same way as ordinary men and women 4. All people should be allowed to read the Bible, not just priests.

5. The Church and its priests should not be wealthy.

6. Priests did not have the power to turn the bread and wine into the body and blood of Christ during Communion (because they were not special)

The Roman Catholic Church tried to stop the spread of Protestantism by • burning Protestant books • persecuting Protestants as heretics • Reforming itself to stave off further attack (the Counter Reformation) • Greater unity was desperately needed because of the Ottoman Turkish threat (see red on map) But it was unsuccessful (see blue on map).

The Peace of Augsburg 1555, issued by the Habsburg Emperor Charles V, acknowledged that the religious divide was here to stay in Germany.

“Religious” wars were fought for years to come in many countries, e.g. the 30 Years’ War in the early 17th century in central European countries.

Key words: Reformation & Counter-Reformation

Henry VIII had actually been a good Catholic: • Attacked Martin Luther in writing • Was given the title Defender of the Faith by the pope in 1521 …..

• But then he wanted to divorce Katherine of Aragon and needed to break with the Church to do this.

• His new “love interest”, Anne Boleyn, was also Protestant …..

Read the Catholic / Protestant differences on the next slide. Make notes in your book about the key differences.

Now, try the elimination quiz, and email me the answer. The quiz is on the next slide ….

(Don’t put the answer on Posts or everyone else might copy your answer ….)

If you select “Draw�, then choose a pen colour, you should be able to cross these answers out as you go (only do this on a downloaded version, though, or everyone will see)