October 21, 2015

Q&A: Dorfman talks censorship

Brewer, Hokies ready to host Duke

A Duke professor’s popular play has caused controversy at a New Jersey high school | Page 2

Virginia Tech will look to find its footing in the Coastal Division Saturday afternoon | Sports Page 11

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A look at Pratt-Trinity transfers

ONE HUNDRED AND ELEVENTH YEAR, ISSUE 36

Sanford School’s

Dodge elected

to NAM Abigail Xie The Chronicle

Ian Jaffe The Chronicle

Kenneth Dodge, William McDougall professor and founding director of the Duke Center for Child and Family Policy, was elected to membership in the National Academy of Medicine Monday. NAM, previously known as the Institute of Medicine until this summer, is a non-governmental organization with more than 2,000 members who are experts in fields including biomedical research, health and medicine. Its members seek to advise and inform the federal government and the public by providing analysis of pertinent issues. Each year up to 70 regular members and 10 international members are nominated and elected by current members. Dodge, whose work centers on the understanding and prevention of chronic violent behavior in adolescents and children, is now the third faculty member of the Sanford School of Public Policy to be elected to NAM, along with Dean of Sanford Kelly Brownell

8 UNIQUE FLOOR PLANS NEWLY RENOVATED KITCHENS & BATHS FULL-SIZED WASHER & DRYER INCLUDED* Graphic by Lucy Zhang | The Chronicle WOOD-BURNING FIREPLACE exploring the other school (or possibly to Pratt may need to take summer classes FITNESS & CARDIO CENTER a specific major) before they make the in order to fulfill prerequisites for future transfer official,” Franzoni wrote. “A Pratt engineering classes, Franzoni wrote. student who is thinking of transferring to For many students, transferring TENNIS COURT Trinity may have already8had one or more PLANS between schools is a way of exploring UNIQUE FLOOR semesters without engineering courses, different disciplines.POOL Sophomore Mary RESORT-STYLE AND SUNDECK

As the end of the semester approaches, some underclassmen are considering transferring between the Trinity College of and a Trinity student whoNEWLY transfers to Pratt KITCHENS Ziemba, who switched from Trinity to RENOVATED *IN SELECT HOMES & BATHS Arts and Sciences and the Pratt School of would most likely have had a full semester Pratt and back to Trinity, noted that HOMES Engineering. that is equivalent to *IN aSELECT Pratt student’s stint inINCLUDED* Pratt helped her develop FULL-SIZED WASHERher & DRYER 8 UNIQUE FLOOR PLANS Each year, approximately 50 to 70 schedule.” her interest in design in a way that was students transfer from Pratt to Trinity, Although students WOOD-BURNING have to submitFIREPLACE academically engaging. RENOVATED KITCHENS and about 10 to 15 students transfer fromNEWLY a transfer application and& BATHS meet with “A major factor is realizing what I FITNESS & CARDIO Trinity to Pratt, wrote Linda Franzoni, different deans and advisors in order to CENTER really want out of my Duke education, FULL-SIZED WASHER & DRYER INCLUDED* associate dean8of undergraduate education transfer, Franzoni noted that it is rare which for me could only come with UNIQUE FLOOR PLANS COURTShe time,” Ziemba wrote in an email. “I’m in Pratt, in an email. Those that doWOOD-BURNING for transfer requests toTENNIS be denied. FIREPLACE transfer between schools are responsible that most students who transfer into really interested in design (of consumer NEWLY RENOVATED KITCHENS &added BATHS RESORT-STYLE POOLproducts, AND SUNDECK for learning the differences in graduationFITNESS Pratt &doCARDIO not have difficulty completing technology and software), so CENTER *IN SELECT HOMES WASHER & DRYER their INCLUDED* requirementsFULL-SIZED between Pratt and Trinity. degrees on pace with students who I thought Pratt would’ve been a good “The adjustment is not difficult—TENNIS enrolled directly in the school. However, COURT WOOD-BURNING FIREPLACE typically students have already started some students who transfer from Trinity See TRANSFERS on Page 4

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Special to The Chronicle Kenneth Dodge, founder of the Center for Child and Family Policy, is the third Sanford faculty member elected to NAM.

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Duke professor Dorfman discusses controversy over his play Anupriya Sivakumar The Chronicle Ariel Dorfman, Walter Hines Page research professor of literature, has written more than 25 books in his career. One of his most famous plays, “Death and the Maiden,” has come under scrutiny recently at a New Jersey high school. Parents at Rumson-Fair Haven Regional High School are petitioning to remove the play from mandatory reading lists due to its vulgar language and imagery. A counter-petition to keep the piece has also been started. The Chronicle’s Anupriya Sivakumar sat down with Dorfman to discuss the implications of his work, the problem of censorship in society and how his experience as an exile from Chile during the regime of Augusto Pinochet has motivated his career.

Q & A

The Chronicle: Why are parents attempting to censor your play “Death and the Maiden”? Ariel Dorfman: This play has been one of the most performed plays in the world. Not thousands, but millions of students have read this book. So I was shocked when I read that there was a petition circulating to have that suppressed. In this particular case, they seem to be objecting to the fact that 17 and 18-year-old students at school would be subjected to language that was vulgar or coarse. This is a play where a torture victim is sexually abused by several tormentors and by her doctor during her detention. So the reason why her language is so sexual is because of what was done to her. If she skirts those, then she cannot liberate herself from the demons of her past. The language in this case is essential to the story and to her therapy. That language is not what makes this play an interesting text for these students, because it deals with memory, with justice and the transition to democracy. It deals

with women taking power. She cannot use civil words because what was done to her was not civilized. So, clearly you cannot read the text or watch it on screen or see it on stage without those words. And if those words offend people, they should be more offended by what is being done to this woman and what is being done to thousands and thousands of other women, either prisoners or in other circumstances— who are habitually being raped during war, during catastrophe and oftentimes in domestic circumstances. What the parents are really saying— and by the way they are a minority in that community—is that one should suppress these books because they are offensive or they lead to misbehavior, that students are acting out and they are learning in my book how to deal with sexuality in some strange way. The real problem behind this is, regardless of my own text, who decides what should and shouldn’t be read in school? I understand that parents want some input into what their kids are reading or talking about, but the right way of dealing with that is to read the texts along with their children and have a discussion about what these things are, so that sexual references are put into the context of the literature. Because you could say the same thing about Shakespeare, about Dante, about the Iliad. There are so many ways to object to any book ever—“The Catcher in the Rye” and Toni Morrison are up for censorship. There’s always going to be something that offends people in books. Very often, it is that which offends us which most opens our minds. TC: Have any of your other works been controversial? AD: I find myself in the polemic of another issue at UNC. There was a class on the literature of 9/11. A freshman decided that the course only spoke from the point of view of the terrorists. One of the books that he was objecting to was called “Poems from Guantanamo: The Detainees Speak”. I wrote the afterword to that book. So I feel as if I’m being doubly suppressed. It’s almost as if they’re saying that those detainees, who haven’t been charged with anything, and were kept for years without

Special to The Chronicle Duke professor Ariel Dorfman has written more than 25 books, but his most famous play has recently grabbed headlines after causing controversy at a New Jersey high school.

trial, are not human. It’s almost as if the humanization of them—seen in the fact that they write poems—is a sin. There’s a tendency to be scared of that which we don’t understand. “Death and the Maiden” is about silence. It’s about the silencing of a woman who has been raped and is speaking up and acting out against it. Anyone can be an accomplice to that suppression. This indicates that people don’t really understand what literature is about, what dictatorship is about and what liberation is about. TC: What do you think the value of literature is and why is preventing censorship important? AD: Literature has many functions. Literature will always stir you up to go into situations which you understand to be yours because they’re human, yet you haven’t experienced it. It allows us to expand our imagination above all things. And oftentimes that imagination deals with forbidden themes—themes that are perilous, which are destabilizing towards our psyche and which change us deeply. Since the very start of literature, there has been a conflict with people of power who

put aside those forms of the imagination which call into question the way the world has been constructed. I’m not saying that all literature is always critical. But many of the great works of literature are very critical of the way we live our lives, the way we dream, the way we relate to one another. Any attempt to restrict the freedom of our expression is an attempt to diminish our humanity. When the kids at this high school are forbidden from reading that book, that’s an assault on everybody’s freedom. TC: How have your experiences in Chile contributed to your viewpoint? AD: Chile has marked me very strongly because I participated in the democratic revolution and suffered along with my family and my friends and my countrymen. “Death and the Maiden” itself is the product of my meditation of what it means to have a transition to democracy. For instance, do we bury the past or do we assume the past? What if the past is so terrible that it will traumatize us and not allow us to sleep? These are a lot of questions that I ask that have affected my life. See DORFMAN on Page 4

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Duke Medicine releases CPR app after 3-year delay Ian Jaffe The Chronicle After three years of development, Duke Medicine released a studentcreated app earlier this year that instructs users in performing compression-only cardiopulmonary resuscitation. The Duke CPR app was first designed and developed by a team of undergraduates in 2012, when Kathy Kastan—director of the women’s health and advocacy initiative at Duke Medicine—pitched the idea to the students. Release of the app took three years due to branding and legal concerns. The app is part of a larger compression-only CPR initiative that is being sponsored by the University’s Heart Center. The initiative seeks to raise the compression-only CPR rates in Durham and the rest of the country by educating the public with classes, videos and now the Duke CPR app. “The passion behind it was to really change the compression CPR rates in the country,” Kastan said. “If you know compression CPR as a layperson, you have double the chances of saving someone who is in cardiac arrest.” Duke’s efforts to teach citizens compression-only CPR mirror a movement throughout the nation. The American Heart Association, along with other organizations, have been promoting this CPR technique for bystanders, which involves just compressions and not mouth-to-mouth breathing. The app itself has two modes: a training mode that teaches users how to perform compression-only CPR and a emergency mode that guides users through actually

Special to The Chronicle The CPR app released by Duke Medicine earlier this year has multiple modes to guide users through performing CPR. It is part of a larger initiative sponsored by the Duke Heart Center.

performing compression-only CPR in an emergency. There is also an option that gives users links to more information about CPR. Three students—Zahava Alston, Alexander Bruce and Andrew Patterson, all Trinity ’13—designed the app as part of the course CS290: Apps: From Concept to Client, taught by Robert Duvall, lecturer of computer science, and Richard Lucic, associate professor of the practice of computer science. They chose the Duke

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CPR project from a list of various projects that had been pitched by potential clients to the class. “This app, we felt, had the biggest chance to make a difference,” Patterson said. “It had the biggest chance of having an actual impact on someone’s life.” Lucic explained that this kind of real-world app design is by no means abnormal in CS290, now taught as CS408: Delivering Software: From Concept to

Clients. In the past five years, he said, the class has produced about a dozen app prototypes that are currently available on the iTunes app store and another dozen prototypes that have been used elsewhere in some form. Duvall also emphasized that the class focuses very much on the process of creating an app, since it is very difficult to go from concept to final product within the span of a semester. He also noted that students collaborate directly with their clients as a part of the appdesign process. Kastan, who has been working on the project since 2012, explained that there were some difficulties with releasing the app, which is why it was not released until this year. “We had a major change in our branding at Duke Medicine, so we had to reconfigure all of the graphics, change the color and get everything up to the guidelines, and that took a long time,” she said, noting that risk management and legal review also took a considerable amount of time. Kastan said, however, that she was very pleased with the final result, and especially the positive reception that the app has received since its release. “It has been quite a trip to get this [app] out there, so it was great to see that people liked it,” she said. Patterson, who passed the app off to the Duke Medicine team back in 2012, also expressed satisfaction with the app’s progess. “It has been very exciting for the app to actually reach the app store…as a developer, it is very nice to see your work finally reach the public,” he said.

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TRANSFERS from page 1 choice for me since you take classes in design. But I realize now that Trinity gives me what I want. I think I’m going to study [computer science] for the technical aspect of design, and pair that with cultural anthropology classes to get a better understanding of how people interact with product design.” One main motivation for students who are considering switching schools is the opportunity to follow academic interests, said freshman Shivani Purohit, who is considering switching into Pratt. “I am in Dr. [Robert] Malkin’s biomedical engineering FOCUS class Medical Instrumentation in the Developing World,” she said. “Being in Dr. Malkin’s lab and taking this course really pushed me to want to pursue biomedical engineering in the real world, and so I want to switch into Pratt.” Franzoni noted that many of the students who switch—especially those who do so after the Fall of their freshman year—have known that they wanted to switch schools since they matriculated, and have planned accordingly. Students at many other universities do not have to decide whether they want to pursue engineering prior to matriculation. Instead, this decision is delayed until after the first or second semester. However, Franzoni noted that this model would be disastrous for engineering programs at Duke. “It would be great if students could choose their school after one or two semesters, however if we did not directly enroll students into Pratt and were not able to accurately predict the number of entering students that would go into engineering each year, we could have an enrollment disaster,” Franzoni said. “I could imagine

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a Duke graduating class with very few engineers as well as a graduating class where everyone wanted to be an engineer—our infrastructure (faculty, labs, etc.) could not handle the latter situation.” Senior Griselda Pereyra, who transferred from Trinity to Pratt in her sophomore year, said she appreciated her time in Trinity but has no regrets about her decision to switch. “I always knew I wanted to do something with math and science,” Pereyra said. “I initially did not go into Pratt because I wanted to explore other options before. I wanted to do something concrete, so that is how I knew I wanted to go into engineering. It was the best decision I could have made.”

DODGE from page 1 and Philip Cook, ITT/Terry Sanford professor of public policy. “I hold them in very high regard, so to be in the same group as them is an honor,” Dodge said. “And membership is not only honorific, but also brings this expectation that a member will serve on national committees to advise the government on specific topics. The opportunity to do that is something I’m looking forward to.” Dodge said he was thrilled to learn of his election several weeks ago after receiving a letter from Dr. Victor Dzau, current president of NAM and former president and CEO of the Duke University Health System. "[His election] signifies outstanding scholarship and scientific leadership—a very small percentage of scientists get nominated and even fewer get elected,” Brownell said. “The center he directs is already nationally known

for its leadership on important policies affecting the lives of children, and this will bring even more attention to the work of the center.” The Center for Child and Family Policy was founded in 1999 under the leadership of Dodge, who was trained as a clinical and developmental psychologist. The center conducts research on issues such as infant development, education reform, substance abuse and adolescent risks. One of its aims is to translate that science into policy, noted Rick Hoyle, associate director of the Center for Child and Family Policy. “Our goal is to do rigorous research that has the potential for application, and get the word out about that research and get it into the hands of policymakers— which is easier said than done,” he said. “Ken has been a role model for how you publish top-level research and at the same time translate and disseminate those findings so it informs public policy.” Policy implementation often lags behind modern scientific research about child development, Dodge said, adding that he hopes he can use his position as a NAM member to help push the process along. He described several of the most pressing issues that require federal investment— violence prevention in children who grow up chronically violent and often become criminals, preventing child abuse and maltreatment in the first several years of life and enhancing school learning and literacy during preschool years. “We know how to tackle these problems. It’s a challenge convincing the public and elected officials that we know what to do, and that we have investment opportunities,” Dodge said. “By serving on committees of NAM, I hope to apply that science to practical policy solutions

The Chronicle that will enhance children’s development. That’s what’s exciting to me about this—to be able serve on those committees and be a part of that process. Of the many projects he has been involved in, Dodge said he is particularly proud of Durham Connects—a program that provides parents of newborn babies with home visits by nurses to offer parenting resources and to prevent cases of neglect. Dodge said he believes the program is having a real impact on the Durham community. Hoyle also pointed to the Fast Track project, which aids social and behavioral development in high-risk children, as an example of Dodge’s ability to foster collaboration between people from different institutions and fields. “He is a remarkable scholar,” he said. “He not only does excellent work in his own right, but he’s very good at bringing together likeminded people to collaborate—to do better research than any of them could do alone. It may be his biggest impact is bringing groups together.”

DORFMAN from page 2 TC: How has coming to Duke contributed to your work and what do you hope to bring to Duke? AD: Duke gave me refuge while I was still in exile. I came to Duke for only a few years so I could go back and forth between Duke and Chile. Then I was arrested in Chile, deported from Chile and I decided to stay here rather than go back permanently. So Duke has given me sanctuary to write all my works. As for the future, I am retiring but I will remain as professor emeritus for many years.

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FOOTBALL

COLUMN

HOKIE BATTLE BREWING A polling problem Seth Johnson The Chronicle

The Blue Devils may have to “sleep with one eye open” following their bye week in order to survive Metallica’s “Enter Sandman” in the hostile confines of Lane Stadium. After a tough 30-20 loss on the road last week against Miami, Virginia Tech returns home for its homecoming contest against No. 23 Duke at 3:30 p.m. Saturday looking to return to form in the ACC. But despite how assured a homecoming victory once was in a matchup against the Blue Devils—especially at Lane Stadium in Blacksburg, Va.—the Hokies are facing a different quality of team than ones they have played in years past. “They have talented kids. They’re a different Duke than when I first came here and when [we] got in the ACC. I have great respect for what they’ve done down there,” Virginia Tech head coach Frank Beamer said in a press conference Monday. “I used well-coached a lot. It really, really does apply in this case. We have to have great preparation and play great to have a chance to win this one.” After suffering key injuries and multiple setbacks throughout the course of the season that contributed to falling below .500, Virginia Tech is poised to shake up conference play with redshirt senior quarterback Michael Brewer back at the helm. Brewer had been sidelined since breaking his collarbone in a week one loss against Ohio State—a game in which he threw for 156 yards and two touchdowns before

The media—like Jon Snow—still knows nothing. Okay, we know some things, but the notion of asking anyone—even national and local beat writers who are paid handsomely (just kidding)—to predict a top 25 before even seeing any team take the field is incredibly disturbing and, looking back, highly entertaining. Here’s the original preseason top 25, and a look at the conference and division winners that each respective conference’s media predicted prior to the season: -Big 12: TCU -ACC: Clemson and Georgia Tech -Pac-12: Oregon and USC -Big Ten: Ohio State and Wisconsin -SEC: Auburn (overall), Alabama and Georgia (divisions) That seems pretty solid, right? Let’s analyze what the media was thinking two months ago. The Big Ten and Big 12 were fairly straightforward: pick between Ohio State and Michigan State or TCU and Baylor, then just let the rest fall where they may, because there’s really no way any other team in either of those conferences could usurp their current kings. Then there is the ACC, where the media

Nick Martin

Khloe Kim | The Chronicle Virginia Tech quarterback Michael Brewer broke his collarbone in the season opener, but returned to the field last week against Miami and will be under center against Duke Saturday.

exiting—but the Lake Travis, Texas, native returned in the second half last week against Miami in relief of redshirt junior Brenden Motley, tossing a touchdown on 3-for-4 passing with 65 yards. Although Motley will not make the start for the Hokies, he is likely to see game action as a dual-threat quarterback during the game. So far this season, he has thrown for 1,155 yards, rushed for 220 yards and accounted for 14 total touchdowns. “Both of [the quarterbacks] have been

available, both of them will be available,” Duke head coach David Cutcliffe said. “If you go back to the opening game [against] Ohio State when they [were] both healthy, they both played. That’s what I expect to see. I think they’re both really good quarterbacks. They’re a little different, there’s no question about that, but they both can throw it and they both can run it.” The Blue Devils not only have to deal with multiple quarterbacks, but they will also have to account for multiple weapons on the offensive See SCOUTING on Page 12

See COLUMN on Page 12

MEN’S SOCCER

Huitema’s overtime goal sends Duke past No. 10 Elon Mitchell Gladstone The Chronicle On a chilly October night, Duke desperately needed a win against a topranked opponent if it wanted to keep its postseason hopes alive. After 90 minutes of play, the Blue ELON 1 Devils were still in DUKE 2 desperate need of that win. Then in overtime, they got it. The golden goal with just 46 seconds remaining in the first overtime period of Tuesday’s 2-1 win at Koskinen Stadium for Duke against No. 10 Elon was a critical moment in the Blue Devils’ campaign for a postseason bid. With a soft cross from defender Kevon Black, the ball landed at the feet of forward Brody Huitema, who toed it past the Phoenix goalkeeper and lifted Duke to victory. After Friday’s dominant 6-2 victory against rival N.C. State, Tuesday night was an opportunity for the Blue Devils to build on that momentum. A chippy game

saw Elon jump out to an early 1-0 lead, but with a Duke response in the 20th minute, the Phoenix were unable to resurrect themselves and regain a grasp on the game. “There’s so much at stake,” Duke head coach John Kerr said. “We know the ramifications at the end of the year of what wins like this mean. A loss last year to Elon kept us out of the tournament and maybe a win against Elon this year will get us into the tournament.” It was yet another physical battle for the Blue Devils (7-6-2), as the game featured a combined 34 fouls, capped off by a red card shown in the 92nd minute. Elon midfielder Nick Adamczyk slid hard into Duke midfielder Brian White and the nasty cleats-up tackle sent White immediately to the ground. With the play taking place right in front of the fourth official on the sideline, it was an easy call for referee Matthew Richardson to put the Phoenix down to 10 men for the remainder of the overtime period. Constant pressure from Elon early on forced both teams to play the game at a

rapid pace, as the Duke defense was on its heels for a large portion of the first 10 minutes of the game. After a save from Blue Devil goalkeeper Mitch Kupstas and a clearance by defender Carter Manley, Elon (12-3) finally capitalized. Forward Cooper Vandermaas-Peeler slotted a through ball into the back of the net past Kupstas, who kept a clean sheet for the final 97 minutes of the night. “[Kupstas] been solid. His decision making has really improved,” Kerr said. “He’s getting more and more comfortable with the back four, he’s giving more directions, and I thought he did another great job tonight. His decision making, when to come off the back line, was superb.” White gave Duke the bounce-back boost it needed just seven minutes later. A cross from Manley deflected off a Phoenix defender before falling right at the feet of White, who tapped it past Elon goalkeeper Matthew Jegier for the equalizer in a back-and-forth affair. See M.SOCCER on Page 13

Jesús Hidalgo | The Chronicle Sophomore Brian White notched his fifth goal of the season to help Duke knock off No. 10 Elon 2-1 in overtime Tuesday night.

12 | WEDNESDAY, OCTOBER 21, 2015

SCOUTING from page 11 side of the ball from Virginia Tech. Both Brewer and Motley have Isaiah Ford—the ACC’s leading receiver in touchdowns with seven—and tight end Bucky Hodges—who registered 57 receiving yards with one touchdown in Durham last season—as top targets down the field. In the backfield, running back Travon McMillian also poses a threat for Duke’s stout defense. The redshirt freshman has a team-leading 418 yards on the ground and is averaging 7.1 yards per carry this season, despite making only two starts. “Travon [McMillian] can outrun you,” Beamer said. “I think he has a knack for running. He can run tough. He did both of those Saturday [against Miami].” On the other side of the ball, the Hokies still present a major defensive threat, despite the loss of cornerback Kendall Fuller to knee surgery and the dismissal of safety C.J. Reavis in the offseason for conduct-related issues. Even without Fuller and Reavis, Virginia Tech still has the second-most takeaways in the ACC with 13, including seven interceptions. True freshman safety Adonis Alexander leads the team with three picks—good for fourth in conference—and has tallied 40 tackles. Alongside him in the secondary, junior cornerback Chuck Clark has proven problematic for opposing offenses, recording a team-high 60 tackles. “Our defense is going to continue to get better,” Beamer said. “We weren’t counting on [Fuller and Reavis], who were going to be in the NFL, not being a part of that secondary. That’s a setback…. I think the potential for the future looks exceptionally bright.” With ball-hawking tendencies on defense,

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the Hokies will look to focus on ball security on offense. In its three wins this season, Virginia Tech is plus-six in turnover margin, but is minus-four in its four losses. Facing a Blue Devil defense that is coached to aggressively scrap for the ball, winning the turnover battle could mean winning the game. At the same time, coping with the 12th man at Lane Stadium is always a tough challenge for visiting squads. Since 1995, the Hokies are 10726 at home. But if any team is poised to shake up Virginia Tech on the road, it is Duke—the Blue Devils are 11-1 in their last 12 true road games, which is the most true road wins in the ACC since the start of 2013. “For practice we have a crowd noise put in [and] the little Hokie noise that they have in their stadium,” Duke offensive tackle Casey Blaser said. “We play ‘Enter Sandman’ multiple times throughout practice. We work on our silent cadence, just trying to get all that timing down, because in game time we expect it to be that loud.” Given the bye-week preparation, the Blue Devils will enter Blacksburg on their toes, looking to shake off the Sandman and replicate the outcome of their 13-10 road victory from 2013 en route to the Coastal Division title.

COLUMN from page 11 thinks Clemson will be good, if not very good. It has an inkling of how good a Jameis Winstonless Florida State can be, and it thinks that a Georgia Tech team that absolutely crushed Mississippi State in its bowl game and returns its stud quarterback will dominate the Coastal. Unfortunately, the Yellow Jackets are a hot mess and Duke is okay, which, in the ACC Coastal,

pretty much makes you the ‘76 Dolphins. The SEC media, which is notoriously bad at predictions—they’re 5-of-23 since 1992—really took a leap when it selected Auburn to win it all; the reward was a team that can’t score much and wilts under the bright lights. It also selected Georgia to win the East thinking Nick Chubb is a deity, but the guy can’t play quarterback and running back, and now everyone looks dumb and Florida is good again. Finally, the Pac-12, which had the hardest job of any media group, in my opinion. The South is loaded with four teams that could presumably win a spot in the playoff, but so much has to break right for every team to win that they were really just shooting in the dark when trying to pick between UCLA, USC, Arizona and Oregon to win the conference. Think of how much it must burn every Pac12 writer to know that after countless hours of film research and roster reviews, their predictions were blown to hell by Utah. Swing and a miss. But as much as I like to have fun with this, it’s an issue that persists in every college sport, especially college football and basketball, which routinely rely on rankings to determine postseason destinations. The biggest issue with the annual AP Preseason Top 25s is that they’re based completely on speculation and actually harm polling for the rest of the season. Take, for example, the fact that despite its top spot in the current poll, Ohio State is not the best football team in the nation, nor has it played that way. Utah and LSU are the only teams in the top five to have faced another team currently ranked in the top 25 so far and are perfect against ranked opponents. TCU, Baylor and the Buckeyes are a combined 0-0, and yet Ohio State raked in 28 first-place votes last week. By the logic of polling and the way the

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system is set up, the Utes have absolutely earned the No. 1 spot. To this point, they’ve defeated Michigan—unranked at the time—Oregon and California. But because the Buckeyes won the title last year and everyone kept talking about how good they would be all offseason, voters gave and continue to give them the top slot, despite the fact that they have two close calls against Northern Illinois and Indiana and haven’t come close to dominating an easy schedule the way Baylor and TCU have. One of the knocks against college football, and college sports in general, is that there are far too many teams, and far too few of them are actually any good. After all, even a bad game in the NFL can’t come close to replicating the 6-3 double-overtime ‘thriller’ Virginia Tech and Wake Forest produced last year. The argument is that the truly talented teams not in the SEC or Pac-12 really don’t have to play anyone for most of the regular season, and then we get surprised when Florida State gets thrashed by an embarrassingly-superior Oregon team and TCU has to fume all offseason. But, to play devil’s advocate, it’s that range that makes college football so exciting. After all, if someone told me they had Temple, Houston, Iowa, Toledo and a James Conner-less Pittsburgh in their preseason top 25 and LSU and Utah in the top five, I’d probably call them a liar or Raven or God or something, because that’s nuts. All things considered, the polling system isn’t broken, it’s just hindered by a flaw that can be easily fixed: kill preseason polling and wait until Week 1 to judge. The only people who have any clue as to which teams will be good are the lucky fans who believe every year is their team’s year. If anyone else, even a tried-and-true reporter, tries to tell you what’s up, just point them75004 to this year’s and every other preseason poll ever.

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M.SOCCER from page 11 The Blue Devils got quite familiar with the right goalpost during the course of the match, with second-half chances from forward Jeremy Ebobisse and midfielder Zach Mathers both nailing the post. Neither shot, however, hit the back of the net, and it wasn’t until Huitema’s overtime goal that Duke was able to achieve the 2-1 margin of victory. “As soon as the cross came in, I saw Jeremy come in and I knew he was going to challenge for [the ball],” Huitema said. “I knew the keeper was going to go up with him, so I was just hoping that some kind of mishandle was going to happen

WEDNESDAY, OCTOBER 21, 2015 | 13

or a punch that would just land at my feet and luckily it did.” The Blue Devils have just three regular-season games remaining, but with a win against a top-10 opponent, their current RPI of 45 is likely to jump and give their NCAA tournament hopes a major boost. “For the last three regular-season games, we need to take this [momentum], and we need to go out there and win those,” Huitema said. “With where we are in the RPI, we’re going to need a couple of wins at least in the ACC...It’s important for us to not look past any of these next three because we cannot lose them and we need to win them all.”

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T H E I N D E P E N D E N T D A I LY AT D U K E U N I V E R S I T Y

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Addressing racism on campus

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or University of Missouri’s student association president, Payton Head, or USC’s student body president, Rini Sampath, being heads of prestigious associations did not stop them from facing racism. A few weeks ago, both their stories went viral. Head shared his harassment by the n-word and racial slurs. For Sampath, ‘liberal’ SoCal’s image proved itself wrong when a fellow student leaned out of a fraternity house window and shouted an expletive remark about her and her Indian race before hurling a drink at her. These are only two incidents noticed nationally, but for thousands of students of color across the United States and on our own campus, not much is different as evidenced by Elizabeth Kim’s post in the All Duke Facebook group earlier this week. This month marks half a year since the noose incident on campus, yet as evidenced by stories from black and other students on campus, aggressions continue to exist at macro and micro levels. Racism is still a reality and a truth that goes beyond flashpoint debates on police brutality and immigration. It is a part of the lived experiences of many here, and the Duke community’s reluctance to do a deep clean risks a complacency that fails to identify, let alone achieve, long-term solutions for campus culture. Indeed, marginalized groups are often saddled with the initial

“How is it that in spite of all the additional layers of administrative bloat since my day, that it invariably takes a Chronicle editorial, or as in this case apparently, the Duke Student Government, to clarify and amend the heretofore awkwardly drafted Medical Leave policy?” — “Bruce Coleman” commenting on the Oct. 20 article “DSG, admins adjust ‘blanket’ medical leave policy”

LETTERS POLICY The Chronicle welcomes submissions in the form of letters to the editor or guest columns. Submissions must include the author’s name, signature, department or class, and for purposes of identification, phone number and local address. Letters should not exceed 325 words; contact the editorial department for information regarding guest columns. The Chronicle will not publish anonymous or form letters or letters that are promotional in nature. The Chronicle reserves the right to edit letters and guest columns for length, clarity and style and the right to withhold letters based on the discretion of the editorial page editor.

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Direct submissions to: E-mail: chronicleletters@duke.edu Editorial Page Department The Chronicle Box 90858, Durham, NC 27708 Phone: (919) 684-2663 Fax: (919) 684-4696

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Inc. 1993

AMRITH RAMKUMAR, Editor RYAN HOERGER, Sports Editor RACHEL CHASON, Co-News Editor RYAN ZHANG, Co-News Editor GAUTAM HATHI, Digital Content Director STEPHANIE WU, Office Manager CAROLYN CHANG, Photography Editor JONATHAN ZHAO, Editorial Page Editor LEONARD GIARRANO, Editorial Board Chair MICHAEL LAI, Director Of Online Development

CHRISSY BECK, General Manager CLAIRE BALLENTINE, University Editor SARAH KERMAN, Local & National Editor ABIGAIL XIE, Health & Science Editor LILY COAD, Sports Photography Editor ELIZABETH DJINIS, Recess Managing Editor TOM VOSBURGH, Editorial Page Managing Editor EMMA BACCELLIERI, Towerview Editor MATTHEW ROCK, Towerview Photography Editor ALEENA KAREDIYA, Special Projects Editor SOPHIE TURNER, Special Projects Photography Editor MICHELLE MENCHACA, Recruitment Chair SAMANTHA NEAL, Senior News Reporter MEGAN HAVEN, Advertising Director MARY WEAVER, Operations Manager

burden of explaining why these issues are in fact issues that require addressing. We see diversity in every corner of campus, from the employees of campus eateries to the percentage of minorities in our student body, but somehow the events about race on campus are founded on the discomfort of white or privileged groups. International students at Duke, often unfamiliar with American history and socio-cultural context, find themselves making questionable remarks too. Even at the academic level,

Editorial

professors of colour find themselves more censored, whilst white professors find representation among their peers and meet fewer microaggressions. Living amidst racialized environments is institutionalized, and often escapes our notice. As Monday’s Phi Beta Sigma panel event demonstrated, not even students are exempt from profiling by teaching assistants or professors, beyond their peers. It is crucial that the administrative bodies, organizations and Duke’s smaller communities work together to hold ourselves accountable. Steps should be taken to make these conversations happen meaningfully instead of simply creating

‘spaces’ wherein only those concerned attend, often leaving out those who need it most. It is time we ask ourselves how to make these discussions relevant to students and how to bring it out in the larger community and even our casual small talk. Crisis brings the University together, but something more has to drive the point home. Real, tangible moves must be taken from the highest levels of administration down to the individual student in their everyday interactions with others. For many, even acknowledging the reality of there being no “post-racial America” is a big step. We need to go beyond this. For first-years encountering many of these issues for the first time through college and being part of a diverse student body, discussions of race, culture and ethnicity should be orientation week programs. In another niche, Greek and Selective Living Groups, and other organizations not necessarily associated with racial or ethno-cultural identities need to take direct, actionable steps that go beyond taking in the token student of colour members or sending email reminders about sensitivity. The important conversations can be difficult, but ways must be found to engage and facilitate understanding. No student at Duke deserves to feel dehumanized, and everyone in Duke’s community has a role to play in making conscientious progress.

The road not promoted

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14 | WEDNESDAY, OCTOBER 21, 2015

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ot to be that senior writing about the job search, but I’m a senior writing about the job search. I know that reflecting upon the seemingly limited scope of career opportunities post-Duke and how that interplays with Duke’s mission is not a novel use of this space. Year after year, we see juniors and seniors funneled into the private, for-profit sector in aggressive and effective recruitment pushes, and year after year we read echoes of the same Chronicle columns lamenting that fact. However, where many columnists appear to

ideology. Indeed, I am exploring some of these opportunities. However, when only internships and fellowships are presented for students interested in non-profit careers, when non-profits are most often in the forefront for summer service gigs like DukeEngage, I have to wonder if this is a suggestion that these pathways are temporary and transitional rather than permanent. It cannot be that we are unprepared for permanent, full-time positions, since we are constantly enlisted for the same in private sector positions like banking, tech and consulting. Again, it cannot be that those positions

Rachel Weber TREE SAP subtly (or explicitly) apologize for criticizing these career paths or Duke in general, I want to take an active stance that Duke fails to cultivate a space in which students can pursue creative, diverse, ethical careers, and that this is not only problematic but also intentional. Why is that so many of my peers, peers who have passion and ideas and love for learning, do not have the intellectual tools to identify a position after college that would capture those ideals? I refuse to believe that those pursuits do not exist, considering we can identify people doing good work around the world who helped give us those passions and ideas in the first place. Instead, I think that structures and institutions at Duke limit our ability to be creative, take risks and diverge from a powerful streamline when it comes to life after Duke. By not actively and intentionally framing alternatives to traditional career tracks (such as consulting, finance, law and medicine) as accessible and attractive, Duke sanctions the status quo. We live on a campus that allows itself to be literally branded by companies like Accenture. The “normal” career fair featured dozens more employers than the non-profit and government career fair that happened last week. Whereas the former was held in the large, open gymnasium space in Wilson, the latter was crowded into the main floor of the Bryan Center, with some employers tucked away in a corner by the restrooms. While I understand that it does not make sense for many non-profits to send representatives to a Duke career fair in October—based on budget and on hiring timeline— the repeated discrepancy at these Duke-sponsored events makes a statement about where the university believes its students should work when they graduate. As was the case with this past Thursday’s fair, nonprofit and government opportunities are most frequently presented as one-year or two-year fellowships or internship positions. Some are paid; some are not. Granted, temporary fellowships—in both the non-profit and for-profit sectors— can be an excellent way for people to gain experience and explore not only career options but also various intellectual pursuits, geographic locations and their own personal

simply do not exist, because I know there are people around the world who pursued fulfilling, permanent positions in public service right out of college. I can only offer personal theories on why this institutional problem exists; none of them come even close to capturing the root of it because it has more to do with the system in which we live than the university we attend, and none can be fully articulated in the space of this column. That said, Duke does have a stake in graduating students who will go on to get a “return on investment” on their education in the traditional sense: to earn high salaries and give back generously to Duke so that Duke can continue to provide highly sought-after educations to future students. I hope that the fact that there are plenty of members of the Duke community—alumni, faculty, current students, and more—who are indeed making creative and noble contributions with their pursuits, or the fact that many other colleges and universities have the same problem as Duke, does not tempt students to excuse our alma mater for the environment it creates for students. All that said, I do not believe that students who recognize that certain career choices are problematic— perpetuating existing power dynamics and the model of profits over people and planet—and pursue them anyways are without responsibility. Students who recognize this and still pursue these job offers certainly can make a variety of justifications and qualifications, and they may be rational (paying off student loans, for example), but these choices have ethical implications irrespective of intention. Of students who either do not recognize the problematic nature of these companies or do not care, I must question if this is a failing of Duke’s overall education and business model by not challenging the community to think critically about the status quo. There are deep-seated structures that siphon students in certain directions; these structures are part of a larger institution and they are reflected at Duke and within ourselves. The decisions we make determine if we are complicit or resistant. Rachel Weber is a Trinity senior. Her column runs on alternate Wednesdays.

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Nothing in particular

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eligious practice is on the decline in the West, particularly among our millennial generation in the United States. Just last month, Harvard released its annual freshman demographic survey, which revealed that for the first time in the history of the school’s first-year class, atheists and agnostics outnumber professed Christians. And in August, ESPN the Magazine did a cover story on Houston Texans running back Arian Foster, who is a self-proclaimed secular agnostic. Some might conclude from those and

that “consent” can reflect one’s personal preference, it cannot explain why that preference should be respected when it conflicts with the preference of another. If non-material truth is out of the picture, claims to “human dignity” or “empathy” have no foundation. Human dignity must be grounded in the metaphysical and nonscientific. “Empathy” is a genuine concern for the condition of another. Neither can be legitimated by personal preference or found in a biopsy, so for the materialist, neither exists.

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s a democratic republic, nothing is more crucial to our governing bodies (national, state and municipal) than the integrity of our electoral process. For our elected officials to truly be representing us, both the candidates and the voters must play by a fair set of rules each election cycle. Over the past ten years, bipartisan efforts in states across the country (from Democrats in Rhode Island to Republicans here in North Carolina) have focused on protecting the voting process by implementing variations of “Voter ID” laws

Wills Rooney

Max Schreiber

IMAGO DEI

PLACE BETS OFF!

similar developments that theism and organized religion have been out-selected in Darwinian fashion by secular progress. Science, technology and evolving social views, they might claim, have eliminated the place in the Western socio-cultural landscape for religion and its antiquated understanding about how the world works. Yet such conclusions would overstate the extent of affirmative agnosticism and atheism and misstate the reasons for declining religious practice in America. The increase in secularism today is not about “developments” in the philosophical answers to questions about God but about a practical materialism that ignores questions about God and human meaning entirely. Indeed, Pew Research reported earlier this year that, even on a changing religious landscape, only some 7 percent of Americans identify as agnostic or atheistic. Another 16 percent, however, identify as “Nones,” or “nothing in particular.” The increase in “Nones” reflects a broad cultural shift in how we understand knowledge and faith. To an increasing number of Americans, knowledge is defined solely by the empirical and material. Only “science” can tell us the “facts.” Non-empirical truths, even if supporting by sound reasoning (e.g. metaphysical demonstrations as to why “God” must exist) and experience (e.g. the way we “know” our friends), have been relegated to the domain of personal opinion and private judgment. That cultural development cannot be surprising. At all levels of education, matters pertaining to the transcendent have been excluded. Consider your own experience. Unless you were in a religiously affiliated school, have you had a single course in any grade that has taken seriously as its subject matter the existence of God or that has treated religion as making claims about reality that would have important implications for morality? How about at Duke? Such a materialist epistemology—a way of knowing—leaves the basis on which one might assert religious belief fragile at best. The singular devotion to “data-based” knowledge has unfortunate consequences. As an initial matter, the fact that a third of Millennials identify religiously as “nothing in particular” does not bode well for their answers to Life Questions, like the meaning of a good, fulfilling life. A metaphysical understanding built on “nothing in particular” can answer Life Questions only with a regrettable “nothing in particular.” In this context, “faith” becomes synonymous with “private belief” or “superstition.” “Morality,” which for centuries had indicated a system of right and wrong gives way to the demands of empiricism. The resulting vacuum is filled by a relativistic “morality of consent” in which right and wrong are arbitrated solely by “Yes, I will” or “No, I won’t.” While

In philosophical circles, the materialistic view of knowledge and truth and its implications for ethics are known as “utilitarianism.” Utilitarians seek to maximize preferences, or “rational selfinterest,” as the only “tangible” value that a data-driven worldview can recognize as real. Sadly, love—willing the good of another for the sake of the other—and an authentic sense of community become irrational on that metric. Worse, in trying to account for love through the logic of “giving to others makes individuals feel good,” utilitarianism reduces self-gift to a pleasure-seeking act of self-interest. The path from materialism to moral relativism to a society that exalts selfinterest is thus direct and uncomplicated. It also presents a dark picture of existence and our place in it, a picture that T.S. Eliot called “The Waste Land.” How can our culture regain a sense of the purpose and joy that accompany true love, community and belief? The answer is equally straightforward. We must broaden our view of truth and knowledge to include that which cannot be touched or measured. We must embrace a “common-sense” epistemology in which the truths that practical experience reveals to us are taken seriously. We must credit right and wrong as poles on an objective moral compass. We must recognize as real the inner voice that speaks to us in the form of a conscience. Only then can we answer the Nones by asserting with confidence that religious belief makes truth claims about transcendent reality just as science makes truth claims about material reality. “Faith” is not a blind, irrational leap but rather an act of rational assent. Religious belief claims that God exists and that right and wrong have objective content. It also claims that truth, beauty and goodness are real values that provide life with a vitality that transcends the measurements of the laboratory. Religious belief, properly understood, is a thinking belief. At stake in the rehabilitation of faith as “thinking belief”—and truth as including more than the empirically verifiable—is human meaning itself. The theme of my columns— Imago Dei—reminds us that, when we lose touch with objective truth, we surrender human dignity. As John Paul II observed in his landmark piece “Fides et Ratio” (On Faith and Reason), when we exalt personal preference as defining morality, we “erase from the countenance of man and woman the marks of [our] likeness to God, [which leads] little by little either to a destructive will to power or to a solitude without hope.” By reclaiming the transcendent dimension of truth, we are able to answer the Life Questions in the affirmative and to assent to “Something in particular.”

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that require state-approved identification in order to vote. In response to those working to secure our elections, an angry army of partisans, race-baiters and preachy academics has sought to vilify these efforts as votefixing and racism. The forces behind voter ID, though, should be commended; recent events demonstrate a need for cleaning fraud out of elections, and voter identification is a simple and effective way to honor the integrity of the ballot. Support for voter identification laws should derive from an inherent need for them. One of the chief criticisms of voter ID efforts is a low rate of discovered fraud by governmental watchdogs and prosecutors, but the privacy associated with voting makes catching cheaters in the act quite difficult. However, the mathematics of voting demonstrates fundamental irregularities in electoral results: For example, more than 140 U.S. voting counties have corrupted voter rolls, with more registered voters listed than residents. The Justice Department, which is aware of this issue, has intentionally refused to bring lawsuits forward to “clean” these voter rolls, even as citizens have demanded federal oversight. A troubling local example in N.C. is a recent Joint Legislative Elections Oversight Committee report on the 2012 election that revealed disturbing information: The report identified more than 35,000 people with the same first name, last name, and birthday voting in both North Carolina and another state in the 2012 general (with only 28 states participated in the crosscheck). When social security numbers are also considered, almost 1,000 voters with the same information voter in both North Carolina and another state in the 2012 general (and remember, the sample size shrinks significantly when social security numbers are included). Furthermore, video evidence from undercover activists has gone viral, exposing paid Organizing for America staffers and other partisan agents encouraging people to vote more than once. Around the country, citizen watchdogs are beginning to access the information that is publicly available to them on voting—and noticing some troubling trends. A subset issue of fraudulent voting is ineligible voters, particularly regarding illegal alien and felon voting. From the 2008 and 2010 Cooperative Congressional Election Study surveys, administered by Harvard University, more than 14 percent of illegal aliens admitted that they were registered to vote in U.S. federal elections. In a fascinating peer-reviewed study, two Old Dominion Professors utilized the CCES data to extrapolate and project the effect of illegal alien voting on the 2008 and 2010 United States federal elections. The results are profoundly depressing—in 2008, non-citizen voting was likely responsible for President Obama’s electoral win here in N.C. and, more importantly, Senator Al Franken’s 312 vote victory in Minnesota. Not to be discounted, felons too have illegally voted in federal elections and tilted results—Senator William Rooney is a Trinity senior. His Franken likely benefited from the criminal vote too, with citizen group Minnesota Majority column runs on alternate Wednesdays.

discovering nearly 1,100 ineligible felons voting in the 2008 M.N. Senate Election. Franken, of course, was the critical “sixtieth vote” for Obamacare that allowed the bill to avoid death by filibuster in the Senate. Acknowledging the swindling of our voting process, voter identification is a simple solution that allows election operators to verify the eligibility and identity of those casting a ballot. Having photo identification is a prerequisite for flying an airplane, seeing a doctor, signing up for credit or opening a bank account, and, most interestingly, purchasing a firearm and holding

a rally or protest. Somehow, ID is required to exercise the first and second amendment rights but not for electing those who protect them. The government mandates identification for these activities because it’s in the common good’s best interest to link the “who” with the “what” for certain societal actions. Voting is the most important action we as citizens take, and it’s our responsibility to ensure only those eligible participate. Keeping it local, North Carolina recently passed and began implementing a new voter ID law. Starting in the 2016 election, N.C. voters are required to present government-issued photo identification prior to voting. Voters will have had three years to acquire the photo ID (which includes a driver’s license), and can also sign a sworn affidavit and provide identification information should something happen to their ID on or close to election day. The N.C. law is also filled with exemptions for people who might find it harder to get identification—such as allowing expired photo IDs for voters over age seventy and giving free photo identification cards to those not possessing one or unable to afford one. This law represents a good balance of honoring the integrity of elections without adding much, if any, substantial burden to participating in them. Of course, left-leaning partisans claiming the law discriminates against minority communities nonetheless decry the N.C. voter ID law. Al Sharpton, Jesse Jackson, Debbie Wasserman-Schultz and the rest of the left have screamed racism at these laws. Meanwhile, the rate of photo ID ownership among races is relatively stable around 93 percent overall, with 95 percent of whites, 90 percent of Hispanics and 87 percent of Blacks owning one. The real disparity in ID ownership is wealth, with only 87 percent of those making less than $25,000 possessing a valid photo ID vs. nearly universal ownership for those making more than $150,000. Many states implementing voter ID laws are aware of this inequity and going to great lengths to ensure the eligible poor have what they need to vote by subsidizing, paying for, and/or delivering the required identification. Even President Obama, when pressed by Al Sharpton on the “racism” of voter ID laws, admitted that it’s apathy and not lack of identification that keeps a lot of minorities from voting. Meanwhile, voter ID laws enjoy broad support from the electorate as a whole (about 80 percent), and some polls indicate majority support from Black and Latino Americans for voter ID laws. What a shocker—the eligible American citizenry, by overwhelming margins, wants to make sure they and they only are participating in our elections. Congrats to North Carolina and many other states on taking steps to protect the integrity of the ballot, and with broad support, hopefully more states will soon do the same! Max Schreiber is a Pratt senior. His column runs on alternate Wednesdays.

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The Fannie Mitchell Expert in Residence Program features accomplished professionals sharing specialized knowledge and providing career advice to Duke students.