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Unreasonable expectations

Court decision leaves SB2 intact

Columnist Hank Tucker has a warning for Duke fans before the season starts | Sports Page 13

The law allows magistrates to refuse to marry same-sex couples| Page 2

The Chronicle T H E I N D E P E N D E N T D A I LY AT D U K E U N I V E R S I T Y

WEDNESDAY, OCTOBER 12, 2016

WWW.DUKECHRONICLE.COM

ONE HUNDRED AND TWELFTH YEAR, ISSUE 21

New website ‘Not catastrophic’: Duke endowment dips provides data for factcheckers Claire Xiao The Chronicle As presidential and congressional candidates sling attacks and claims at each other, fact-checking is becoming more important than ever. iCheck—a new website created by Jun Yang, professor of computer science, and Brett Walenz, a Ph.D. student in computer science—aims to make it easier to check the context and validity of those claims. Using congressional voting records dating back to 2009, iCheck allows users to search a legislator’s name and compare his or her voting record with that of the president or other legislators. Users can also examine voting patterns See FACT-CHECKERS on Page 5

Courtesy of Wikimedia Commons iCheck provides users with information on legislators’ voting records.

Ben Yang | The Chronicle

Rick Mortenson The Chronicle Although GPAs may have gone through the ringer this semester, students may take solace in the fact that the Duke endowment has experienced some of its own tribulations recently as well, posting a 2.6 percent loss on its investments during the 2016 fiscal year. Overseen by DUMAC, Inc.— the professional organization that manages the University’s investments, including employees’ retirement pool and its health system’s investments— the endowment’s value was $4.4 billion in 2009, $7.3 billion in 2015 and $6.8 billion in the fiscal year that ended this June. Although the recent drop may seem insignificant compared to gains during the past several years, it was the largest decrease since the 2008 financial crisis and represented a net

loss of $500 million, an approximately seven percent decrease in the endowment’s value. Despite this news, John Burness, visiting professor of the practice in the Sanford School of Public Policy and former senior vice president for public affairs and government relations, said that he does not think people need to be worried. “It’s serious on one level because you always want to be positive, and it means we’re paying out a little over four percent,” Burness said. “But I don’t think that people should overreact to it at all; it’s one year. We have had really quite a remarkable record of positive years and this is one of the things that happens with investing in the market.” Burness added that this loss was small compared to the financial crisis in 2008. “This is not like 2008 where the University had to find a hundred million dollars,” he said. “It’s a much

smaller amount of money.” Michael Schoenfeld, vice president for public affairs and government relations, said he anticipates little impact for students and faculty as a result of this loss, citing DUMAC’s long-term outlook. “In 2009, during the financial crisis, the value of the Duke University endowment declined by 25 percent, but because we used an average [disbursement amount from the endowment] over the previous three years—rather than annually—the difference from year to year of what was going to impact student life was significant, but not catastrophic,” Schoenfeld said. Duke was not the only University whose endowment experienced a loss, as more than 430 endowments reported an average of 2.7 percent loss in the 2016 fiscal year. Strikingly, the value of See ENDOWMENT on Page 5

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2 | WEDNESDAY, OCTOBER 12, 2016

Federal court dismisses lawsuit challenging Senate Bill 2 Henry Chan The Chronicle A federal district court recently dismissed a lawsuit challenging Senate Bill 2, a North Carolina law that allows magistrates to refuse to marry same-sex couples based on religious objections. The lawsuit, Ansley v. Warren, challenged the constitutionality of SB2, claiming that it violates the establishment clause of the First Amendment—which prevents government from establishing religion—by allowing taxpayer funds to be used for religious purposes. In a ruling issued Sept. 20, U.S. District Judge Max Cogburn dismissed the challenge on the grounds that the plaintiffs lacked standing to sue. The plaintiffs have since

filed an appeal to the U.S. Fourth Circuit Court of Appeals. “The foundation of our judicial system, in Article 6 of the Constitution, is that every state judge has to swear to uphold the federal Constitution,” said Luke Largess, lead counsel in the case and Trinity ’79. “All these magistrates have taken that oath, and now they’re saying they have a religious exemption from that oath—that’s what this case challenges.” Senate Bill 2, not to be confused with House Bill 2, was passed into law in 2015 by the North Carolina General Assembly. The law allows magistrates and registers of deeds to exempt themselves from marriage-related procedures on the basis of their religious beliefs. In May 2015, Governor Pat McCrory vetoed the Bill, but that veto was soon

Courtesy of Wikimedia Commons U.S. District Judge Max Cogburn dismissed a lawsuit that challenged Senate Bill 2, which allows magistrates to refuse to marry same-sex couples because of their religious beliefs.

overridden. Since the law went into effect, at least 32 magistrates exempted themselves from performing marriages and register of deeds employees in five counties have also done so. The largest impact was felt in McDowell County, where all four magistrates recused themselves at one point, according to September 2015 data reported by the Administrative Office of the Courts and N.C. Association of Registers of Deeds. However, Jane Wettach, clinical professor of law, said that Ansley v. Warren was decided not on the constitutionality of SB2 but on standing, which is a “technical distinction.” “Standing is a very tricky issue in the law,” she said. “It’s a pretty fine line between who has standing and who doesn’t in a case like this, where the plaintiffs were not directly affected by the law.” In the majority of cases, only people directly affected by the law can bring a legal challenge. However, that is difficult in the case of SB2, because no same-sex couples are technically denied the right to marry, which means any harm or injury is difficult to prove, Largess noted. “As Plaintiffs have made no allegations of an ‘injury in fact’ that might otherwise allow them to assert standing in this case, plaintiffs have failed to meet their burden of showing they have standing to bring Due Process and Equal Protection claims,” Cogburn wrote in his decision. Largess explained that this difficulty in proving harm or injury is “the evil genius of the case.” “The whole point was to allow these magistrates to declare their religious objections, but make sure that there would never be a person that couldn’t

DUKEENGAGE WEEK — OCTOBER 17-21

5pm - India-Kolkata 5:30pm - Kenya-WISER 6pm - Thailand 6:30pm - China-Zhuhai 7pm - Independent Projects 7:30pm - India-Kochi

Learn more about specific group programs during DukeEngage Week. Thirty-minute information sessions about each program provide an opportunity to meet program leaders, ask questions and hear from students who participated in previous years. These sessions will help you prepare for the application process.

dukeengage.duke.edu

5pm - South Africa-Durban 5:30pm - India-Ahmedabad 6pm - Jordan 6:30pm - Serbia 7pm - Costa Rica 7:30pm - Peru 8pm - Chile

Tuesday, October 18 5:30pm - Rwanda 6pm - Uganda-EWH 6:30pm - Tanzania-EWH 7pm - Independent Projects 7:30pm - Togo 8pm - South Korea

See SENATE BILL 2 on Page 5

Thursday, October 20

International Programs and Independent Projects

Monday, October 17

get married, so they couldn’t challenge the law,” Largess said. “They knew that if somebody couldn’t get married, the whole thing will be [declared unconstitutional] in an instant.” The plaintiffs’ strategy in Ansley v. Warren was to rely on “taxpayer standing” to bring their case. To accommodate magistrates who recuse themselves, the judiciary has to make alternative arrangements such as locating and funding substitutes. Because these policies use taxpayer money, the plaintiffs argued that this spending violates the establishment clause of the First Amendment. Judge Cogburn was not swayed by the argument as he considered such policies to be discretionary spending, which is not covered by the Establishment Clause. Pope McCorkle, associate professor of the practice in the Sanford School of Public Policy, noted that Cogburn is an Obama appointee and that the ruling appeared to be “narrow and technical.” However, McCorkle said he believed that the court may be willing to rule SB2 unconstitutional if factual circumstances surrounding the plaintiffs were different. In his opinion, SB2 will ultimately be overturned in court instead of being repealed by legislative action. Largess said he expects the Fourth Circuit to return a decision by May of next year. If the ruling is reversed, then the case will be returned to district court, where the substantive arguments on constitutionality can finally be heard. Wettach and McCorkle both agreed that the plaintiffs have a compelling case on the unconstitutionality of SB2.

Friday, October 21

Wednesday, October 19 5pm - South Africa-Cape Town 5:30pm - Russia 6pm - Ecuador 6:30pm - Guatemala-Antigua 7pm - Independent Projects 7:30pm - Vietnam 8pm - Ireland

*5pm - Lebanon

Location: Duke Office of Civic Engagement, Bay 9, 1st floor, SMITH WAREHOUSE

LOCATION: All sessions except Lebanon are located in the Friedl building on East Campus(*).

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WEDNESDAY, OCTOBER 12, 2016 | 3

Terrorism expert takes aim at Trump’s ‘misguided’ policies Neelesh Moorthy The Chronicle To recap Sunday’s second presidential debate, The Chronicle spoke with David Schanzer, associate professor of the practice in the Sanford School of Public Policy, about the foreign policy consequences of the debate.

toward Russia and Vladimir Putin? DS: Trump’s proclivity to support Vladimir Putin is so bizarre and has absolutely no support among Democrats or Republicans, which is what makes his foreign policy so incoherent. Putin has made clear, whether in Georgia or in Syria, that he is essentially trying to resurrect a deeply anti-Western, anti-American foreign policy. Trump’s idea that he can somehow charm Putin into different behavior is bizarre. Republicans and Democrats know we are going to need a much more aggressive posture toward Russia going forward, and Trump’s bromance with Putin is just at odds with reality.

The Chronicle: What happens to the War on Terror if Donald Trump wins the presidency? David Schanzer: I think his policies are dangerously misguided. I fear he would get us deeply involved in a ground war against ISIS in Syria, which would be even worse than the situation in Iraq. It would have extremely TC: Does either candidate have a good policy as to damaging impacts going forward. I’m also concerned, how to handle the crisis in Syria? both internationally and domestically, by how he has DS: Trump’s response to that question is emblematic insulted Islam, and how that would affect the ability of of his lack of understanding and depth in foreign the United States to work with Muslim-majority countries policy. He is great at criticizing the state of the world and also impact Muslim-Americans. TC: Clinton has claimed that terrorists are using Trump’s remarks as propaganda and recruitment. Do you see this as a problem? DS: I don’t personally know about specific instances of uses of his remarks, but his remarks are reinforcing claims that ISIS is making about the West’s hostility towards Islam, which is definitely a recruiting theme of ISIS. ISIS’ argument to Muslims around the world is that they will never be fully accepted in the West, so to be a true Muslim, they have to come and fight for the caliphate. Trump’s remarks reinforce that theme, and that’s why it’s so dangerous.

and blaming it on Clinton and Obama, but he has absolutely no idea how to take difficult circumstances and convert that into policy moving forward. He didn’t express a policy on Syria. He actually rambled on for two or three minutes, but he has no coherent position on Syria. In terms of Clinton’s policy, I don’t believe it will alleviate fully the humanitarian crisis, but she wants to take more aggressive action in terms of creating safe zones in Syria that would have some impact. I believe she’ll be tougher on arming the rebels to force Putin and [President of Syria Bashar] Assad to the negotiating table. Whether those options will still be available to her on the ground in January 2017 is very much unclear right now. TC: How likely is foreign policy to sway undecided See TRUMP on Page 5

HOT ITEM of the WEEK

TC: Do you foresee a rise in Islamophobia after this election, as one of the audience members during the debate Sunday suggested? DS: We’re seeing a rise in anti-Islamic bigotry really over the last two years, first from the rise of ISIS, but then it’s been exacerbated by Trump’s overtly prejudicial rhetoric. We’re seeing this in increased vandalism against mosques, hate crimes including even murder against Muslims, so that’s happening already. TC: Should President Barack Obama and Hillary Clinton be using the term “radical Islamic terrorism” as Trump suggests they should? DS: The source of the terrorism we are facing, whether from ISIS or al-Qaeda, has very complex roots. It’s true that ISIS and al-Qaeda pull on religious themes to motivate their supporters, but the core sources of grievance have much more to do with history and politics than with religion. So I think it is appropriate not to identify the source of this terrorism as purely religious. There’s no doubt that these individuals are Muslim, and I identify it as ‘Muslim insurgency against the West.’ I also think it’s crucial to maintain the alliances and efforts of majority-Muslim countries, so to consistently equate everything ISIS does with religion is very counterproductive. That’s exactly why President Obama has veered away from using exclusively religious rhetoric to explain ISIS and terrorism. TC: How do you evaluate the candidates’ stances

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www.shopdukestores.duke.edu Courtesy of Duke Photography Schanzer said that he does not support any of Trump’s views regarding foreign policy.

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4 | WEDNESDAY, OCTOBER 12, 2016

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The Chronicle

The Baldwin Scholars Program presents the

Twelfth Annual Event in the

Jean Fox Oâ€™Barr

Distinguished Speaker Series ert p x E y c i l o r e t Foreign P h g u a l S e i r s t a o p S M d e n i n l An l Hot Spots and B Globa

Thursday, October 13 at 7p.m. Page Auditorium Duke University This event is free and open to the public. No tickets required. Co-sponsored by the Muglia Family, Office of Undergraduate Scholars and Fellows, Political Science, Sanford School of Public Policy, Duke Program in American Grand Strategy, Gender, Sexuality, and Feminist Studies, and the Penny Pilgram George Womenâ€™s Leadership Initiative.

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TRUMP from page 3

FACT-CHECKERS from page 1

voters, as compared to domestic and economic issues? DS: I think national security and confidence in foreign affairs is a threshold issue that any candidate has to surmount before any individual will vote for them. I think that’s Trump’s main problem, that for a large segment of his country, he doesn’t meet the commander-in-chief test. So yes, I think it’s a critical issue for the electorate.

within a selected time frame or search for certain key votes. “All [iCheck] tries to do is make exploration of the data extremely easy and make it easy to expose larger contexts,” Yang said. “You can look at this claim from different angles and different perspectives.” One example from the last election cycle involves former North Carolina Senator Kay Hagan. Her opponent unleashed a series of attack ads criticizing her for voting with President Obama 95 percent of the time. However, Yang noted that when compared to her peers, Hagan actually was not that supportive of President Obama and was in fact the fifth least supportive Democrat. Attacks such as these reveal how easy it is for campaigns to find data out of context to attack opponents, Yang explained. “[Numbers] can be very misleading,” Yang said. “It’s actually very easy to lie with numbers.” The claim might be a “a cherrypicked number,” confined to only a certain time period within a legislator’s overall voting record or only a certain type of vote, he noted. “Those who have the data and those who know how to draw conclusions from the data just wield enormous advantage over others,” Yang added. Yang and Walenz said that they hope iCheck can serve as a preventative measure to stop cherry-picking numbers and twisting data. Yang noted the site’s potential to be useful for the public but acknowledged that it could potentially be manipulated by politicians. “We’re in the election season, and I think there’s potential to make some

TC: Can you say one nice thing about Trump’s foreign policy? DS: That’s a challenge. The key issue is that Trump is totally out of his depth and has not done the studying and does not understand the complexities of the world in any way comparable to Secretary Clinton. I can’t really isolate anything in his platform I support.

SENATE BILL 2 from page 2 “The Supreme Court ruled that samesex marriage is constitutional, and the magistrates have an obligation, just like all elected and appointed officers, to uphold the Constitution,” Wettach said. “It is hard to see in my view how they can have an exemption.” McCorkle said that you should not be “a magistrate if you have a problem with the law.” As the appeal process begins, Largess is confident that the Fourth Circuit will rule in favor of the plaintiffs, and that the constitutionality challenge will succeed eventually and overturn SB2 for good. “If the court finds we have standing, we win the case,” he said.

FAITH&VOTES BEARDSLEY

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SOLVE ALL THE WORLD'S PROBLEMS WEDNESDAY, OCTOBER 12th 7:30pm

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impact,” Yang said. “And it’s really for public interest.” The site was developed to serve more as a tool for fact-checkers, rather than as a fact-checking website, Yang noted. Fact-checkers at news organizations or other websites can use iCheck, instead of manually sifting through data. The site does not interpret or evaluate claims—instead, iCheck provides the resources to further examine the context of claims. Bill Adair—Knight professor of the practice of journalism and public policy and founder of the fact-checking site PolitiFact—explained the importance of fact-checking politicians’ statements. “Fact-checking is critical because people get their information from so many different sources, including many partisan sources,” Adair said. “In the old days, the media could act as a filter, and the media would filter out a lot of the inaccurate claims.” iCheck is one of many emerging sites helping to verify candidate claims, and Adair noted that the future of factchecking is trending toward “more projects like iCheck that automate the work of fact-checkers and automate how quickly people get fact-checking information.” Eventually, the goal would be having instant automated fact-checking, Adair added. “We’re trying to fill the niche of being an aide to these other sites,” Walenz said. Still in a beta version, iCheck has more improvements needed, Yang said. He plans to make the site more sustainable in the long term and expand the data to include state legislature voting records and perhaps city council votes as well.

WEDNESDAY, OCTOBER 12, 2016 | 5

Yang and Walenz will pitch the site to the public at the Science Café in the North Carolina Museum of Natural Sciences later this month. “Fact-checking may not be used for the general populace. They might not change their opinion based on a factcheck,” Walenz said. “But it makes the politicians and the legislators be more precise and be more factually aware. It makes them more honest.”

ENDOWMENT from page 1 Harvard’s endowment dropped $2 billion during the same time period and its former endowment chief step down in July. Financial experts cited several reasons why the funds may be going through tough times. “Part of the difference in why the endowment has incurred a loss— whereas if you look at the S&P 500 there would have been a slight gain— is because endowments are longerterm investors. Not only can they take on more risk, but they can invest in different asset classes,” said Elisabeth de Fontenay, an associate professor of law who specializes in corporate law and finance. “All of these things have a different risk profile than just stocks of publicly traded companies.” Charles Clotfelter, Z. Smith Reynolds professor of public policy studies, expressed a similar sentiment, noting that endowments of major institutions often feature similar variations year to year. “If they start putting rum on soup in the new dining hall on West Campus, then the students need to start worrying,” he added jokingly.

6 | WEDNESDAY, OCTOBER 12, 2016

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WILL DUKE BE A LEADER IN CLEAN RENEWABLE ENERGY? OR WILL IT CHOOSE A FOSSIL FUEL POWER PLANT? “Duke University is about to sign a decades-long deal with Duke Energy, the nation’s biggest utility company, for a natural gas power plant that takes the United States further down a climate-disrupting path. Instead, Duke University should mobilize its student and faculty energy experts to pave a path toward renewable energy for the University. Duke University should be a leader in the solar and wind revolution rather than a throwback to the fossil fuel age.” - Dr. Brent Blackwelder, Duke University Class of 1964 Sign the petition asking President Brodhead to lead in renewable energy, say no to new gas investments: tinyurl.com/nonewgas PAID FOR BY: FOUNDATION EARTH | SPONSORED BY DUKE CLIMATE COALITION

S C H O O L

D A Y

All undergraduates are invited to attend

Graduate and Professional School Day 2016 GPSD is a biennial event, so don’t miss this great opportunity to meet representatives from Graduate, Business, Health Professions, and Law schools from around the country!

Monday, October 17 u Penn Pavilion u 5:00 pm - 8:00 pm Sponsored by the Dean’s Office, Trinity College of Arts & Sciences

Representatives from over 80 schools, including a number of top 10 programs in: Graduate Schools • Business Schools • Health Professions Schools • Law Schools

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WEDNESDAY, OCTOBER 12, 2016 | 7

recess

VOLUME 18, ISSUE 5

OCTOBER 12, 2016

Small Town Records jams out

Jam sessions let Duke students get involved with STR, page 9

Steven Cozart wins CDS award

‘Pass/Fail’ series explores colorism in African American community , page 10

Comics galore

Carbocation and colourists, pages 8 and 11

R recess editors Catchphrase of the break?

Dillon Fernando ...................... forgive Christy Kuesel .. it’s dead poets society Jessica Williams ...... pretzel Mädchen Georgina Del Vecho..........Recess MIA Drew Haskins ......... riri gone craycray Alex Griffith ..........................melodica

The Chronicle

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8 | WEDNESDAY, OCTOBER 12, 2016

The melodica is a unique instrument. It is similar to a harmonica in that it uses a free reed, but airflow is controlled by a keyboard instead of relying only air blown through a mouthpiece. Air can be blown directly into the keyboard apparatus or through a tube but regardless, the player looks a little bit absurd. Overall, it sounds like a harmonica, but the keyboard allows for more control and allows you to play melodies instead of simple chords—hence, melodica. It’s an absurd, terrible instrument and I bought one this past summer. The problems with the melodica are many. Unlike a harmonica, it really can’t be played with a solo guitar because it fundamentally lacks volume control. The band has to be large, and you all have to be on the same page—as in, everyone has to be okay with the melodica. Even then, you have to decide: are you going to play a harmony with the chords or are you going to play the tune of the song? Similarly, you can’t play a melodica alone and sound heartbroken— which, with a little bit of skill, can be done with a harmonica. No one ever

sang talking blues with a melodica, and even the most romantic songs lose a little bit (read: all) of their magic when played with one. It’s a difficult instrument. It’s usually only fun for the person playing it, and what starts out as a fun-ish party trick (pro tip: don’t ever bring a melodica to a party) quickly

editor’s note gets old. Even kids get tired of it. That said, I like playing the melodica. I bought it because I worked at a place with a strong community of musicians, and though I had a guitar, I quickly realized I wasn’t contributing to the group in that way. I bought it, thinking that given my piano experience it wouldn’t be too tough to learn how to play—and, since it’s only two octaves, it wasn’t.

People were intrigued and entertained at first, but people quickly got tired of humoring me and, no joke, began to leave the room when I brought it out. When I tried to play with groups of guitars, ukuleles and banjos, it was too loud for the quiet songs and, at my low skill level and inability to improvise, it doesn’t work well with louder strumming guitar songs. Now, my melodica sits alone, unplayed, in my room. When I play anything, it’s the guitar because I worry about what my neighbors would think about my mental health (and their own) if they heard the maybe not-so-dulcet tones of the melodica through their walls. Here, I make an appeal for the melodica. It’s loud, but it can be played with skill in the right setting, it can work with a band. It can even be fun for at least—or at most—a few minutes alone. I can even take requests (“Piano Man” on the melodica is the best/worst thing ever). It may be an absurd, terrible instrument, but it deserves respect. -Alex Griffith

Tim Campbell .............lincoln thoughts Aditya Joshi ................vegas ventures Kirby Wilson ................chancy chance

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2016 FERGUSON FAMILY DISTINGUISHED LECTURESHIP IN THE ENVIRONMENT AND SOCIETY

NO TRICKS

Surviving The Sixth Mass Extinction Paul R. Ehrlich Oct. 18, 6pm Love Auditorium (B101 LSRC), Duke West Campus

only treats

It’s Simply Spooktacular!

Paul R. Ehrlich Bing Professor of Population Studies Emeritus President, Center for Conservation Biology Department of Biology Stanford University Biologist Paul R. Ehrlich has been a household name since the publication of his 1968 prophetic bestseller, The Population Bomb, which warned of the far-ranging consequences human overpopulation and non-sustainable resource use could have on the survival of Earth’s species, including humans themselves. In recognition of his pioneering research in the fields of population biology, ecology and evolution, he has been elected a member of the National Academy of Sciences and has won many honors. A light reception will precede the lecture at 5:15 p.m. The free event is open to the public and general seating is available on a first come, first served basis. Overflow viewing via streaming video will be available in LSRC A158. SPONSORED BY DUKE’S NICHOLAS SCHOOL OF THE ENVIRONMENT.

Check the Chronicle for more information.

OPERATION: University Store PUBLICATION: Chronicle

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WEDNESDAY, OCTOBER 12, 2016 | 9

Campus Arts

Small Town Records reaches out with jam sessions Will Atkinson The Chronicle

A few minutes before 8 p.m. Thursday evening, a small congregation had formed around the door of Small Town Records. Guitar cases and keyboards leaned against the walls, their owners patiently awaiting the chance to put them to use. It was explained that no one present had a key to the studio; the only person who did was running a bit late—and understandably so, as the student-run record label is housed in the bowels of the Br yan Center, behind more than a few right turns and double doors. I’m lucky I found my own way there. But once president Serges Himbaza arrived, key in hand, it wasn’t long before a variation on Herbie Hancock’s “Chameleon” emerged from the studio. For over an hour, some of Duke’s most talented musicians proceeded to settle on a riff, jam over it and build it to a crescendo before moving on to the next tune. Small Town Records hosts these open jam sessions one Thursday each month. Himbaza, who worked with the studio for two and a half years as a signed artist and producer before becoming president as a senior, said the sessions have been happening for as long as he can remember. For the students who attend them, the jam sessions provide an opportunity to make spontaneous music or simply to take a break from hours of studying. “The first goal is like, let’s get people in a room and just vibe and start playing music because it’s an awesome release,” Himbaza said. “The second goal is to make people realize just how many other musicians there are on campus.” This year marks the label’s tenth anniversary, in which time it has grown in influence and exposure on campus. In the past couple months alone, the number of people working with the studio has more than doubled, an influx Himbaza credited to a concerted effort by the label to advertise and attract new members. “I think over the years Small Town has become more and more outward facing,” Himbaza said. “Initially, it was, like, kind of niche, and you’d find a core, niche group of people who sort of knew about the label and stuff like that, but I think this year we’ve made it a real priority to really reach out and try to invest in different musical communities, to try and bring more and more people to the table.” First-year Martin Muenster is one such new member, training as a producer for the studio. He said he hoped to become a signed artist with STR, a goal shared by many at Thursday’s jam session. The process to become a signed artist is a competitive one, though, provoking the common refrain: “Maybe this will be the year.” For those who make it through the rounds of electronic submissions and live auditions, however, the rewards are great: signed artists receive a budget, business management, marketing and a full production team, joining a hallowed league of musicians that in the past has included Mike Posner and Delta Rae. When asked about the current artists working with STR, one in particular has Himbaza excited: Freely Live, whose new album he cites as one of the strongest to come from the label. Duke Coffeehouse will host an album release party for the neo-gospel group Oct. 21. “They’re gonna rock the house,” Himbaza said. “I think you don’t have to be within the gospel community to think it’s a dope album. It’s got so much accessibility.” Applications for this year’s round of signed artists are due Oct. 12 through a form on STR’s website. The selection process will culminate with a live audition show Nov. 4 at the Coffeehouse. For the first time, Himbaza explained, crowd response will factor into choosing the new artists, allowing the Duke community to take part in deciding the direction of the label—another extension of Small Town’s outreach effort. In recent years, Duke has undergone an arts See STR on Page 11

Special to the Chronicle Small Town Records hosts open jam sessions once a month, which allow Duke students to play music together.

SUN., OCT. 23, 2-5 PM + DJ Bug Spray & DJ Misty Touch 2001 Campus Dr. / nasher.duke.edu

FREE

10 | WEDNESDAY, OCTOBER 12, 2016

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Campus Arts

Steven Cozart’s paper bag illustrations win CDS award Henry Chan The Chronicle

Special to the Chronicle Steven Cozart’s “Pass/Fail” was awarded the 2016 Dorthea Lang-Paul Taylor Price by the Center for Documentary Studies.

Need a little SOL in your life?

Service Opportunities in Leadership (SOL) u INFORMATION SESSION Monday, October 17 • 5:00 pm Sanford 223 (Rhodes)

hart.sanford.duke.edu/programs/sol

“Have you ever heard of the paper bag test?” That is the way Steven Cozart begins his inter views for “Pass/Fail,” a series of illustrations that was awarded the 2016 Dorothea Lange-Paul Taylor Prize by the Center for Documentar y Studies. In conversations with family, colleagues and friends, Cozart explores the problem of colorism within the AfricanAmerican community, cr ystallized in the form of the “brown paper bag test.” After wards, he documents their responses: not on film or canvas, but on paper bags. Historically used to enforce discrimination based on skin tone, the test is an example of how the African-American community can be divided against itself. The shade of a brown paper bag becomes a line that separates people, defining who they are and where they belong. Even if Cozart’s inter viewees have not heard of the test, they all understand its spirit. “[Nowadays] nobody literally holds a paper bag next to a person, but the notion of looking at skin tone to decide whether a person is accepted in a social group, that part never went away,” Cozart said. It is easy to assume that people of lighter skin would be treated better, but that is not always true. What is shown in “Pass/Fail” is that trends change, and people affected by colorism have vastly different stories—inter viewees range from high school students to police officers—that go to show how the line is, in the end, arbitrar y. “One thing that surprised me and made me rethink is that no one came out the winner,” Cozart said. “It is not more preferable to be light-skinned or dark-skinned: some said their loyalty to their group was questioned because they’re [light], some said their loyalty was questioned because they’re dark.” For Cozart, this form of subtle discrimination hits close to home. The project started as a conversation between him and his mother, who lived through the Jim Crow era. She has a lighter skin tone because her grandmother was Native American. Her portrait in “Pass/Fail” is accompanied by a quote that reads: “My Momma got accused of cutting out on my Daddy because he was extremely dark, she was brown, and I came out with this complexion. People though [sic] that (she cheated), until they met my Grandmother.” This personal focus makes “Pass/Fail” feel small-scale and intimate, in a way that distinguishes it from other documentar y projects. In awarding this year’s Lange-Taylor Prize, Duke’s Center for Documentar y Studies sought to challenge conventions of what documentar y work looks like, and how and why it is made. “Stories about communities of color have historically been told by outsiders,” wrote Alexa Dilworth, publishing and awards director of CDS, in an email. “Cozart’s commitment to documenting his own community—beginning with himself and his family, and working outward—and to presenting the work first and foremost for this community as a way to encourage introspective conversation is incredibly valuable.” The use of paper bags as a medium also goes against conventional wisdom on what counts as documentar y work. While the Prize was created in 1990 to encourage collaboration between writers and photographers, it was relaunched in 2013 with a more expansive idea of what qualifies as words and images, which now includes handdrawn illustrations and graphic novels. Before Cozart, the Prize had exclusively been awarded for photography projects. Started in 2013, “Pass/Fail” is an ongoing project that has no planned ending. This is fitting given how the dynamics of colorism is increasingly relevant, often taking center stage in national politics. Earlier this year, Ben Carson See CDS on Page 11

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STR from page 9 renaissance of sorts, shown in movements like #artstigators and an increased focus on arts programming. Small Town Records has shared in this growth and occupies a unique place within Duke’s arts community. “We have something here that’s really impactful and really meets a need within the Duke community, which is that: I’m creative,” Himbaza said, “I have this aspect. I have that aspect. I have the business aspect, I have the creative aspect, I’m a songwriter that doesn’t play an instrument, I’m a singer that doesn’t write songs. ... Not a lot of things allow that many people to have a stake in a project, and I think [Small Town] Records and the process of making music is unique in that way.” He explained that the music industry presents the per fect intersection between the entrepreneurial, business-minded side of Duke and the creative one. Even for students who play no instruments, STR offers a multitude of opportunities, whether as a business manager, a marketing representative or a music producer. The label aims to foster a sense of community for anyone who appreciates music, and events like jam sessions and listening parties (one for Bon Iver’s new album “22, A Million” is in the works) achieve just that. As Thursday’s jam session wound down, students began to unplug their amps, retire their drumsticks and repack their guitars; on this final night before fall break, midterms were still in full force and studying awaited many. But the last ninety minutes had been a welcome diversion, a needed release and a chance to bond, collaborate and create. “There’s two sides of Small Town: There’s the logistics and business side, and then we do this,” senior Wilson Brace, vice president of music and production, said. “And, at some point, we press ‘record.’”

CDS from page 10 made controversial comments on how President Obama is “not black enough,” which Cozart dismissed as preposterous and short-sighted. But Cozart’s ultimate goal is dialogue and not antagonism. “I tr y to be ver y careful not to ‘fight’ [colorism], because the one thing I don’t want to start is an argument. It is ver y easy to make a villain, but sometimes people think the way they do, because they do what they know,” he said. In his upcoming interviews, Cozart plans to explore subjects such as hairstyles for AfricanAmerican women and the idea of sports for African-American men. Both topics look innocuous on the surface, but are fraught with tension underneath. With the help of repurposed paper bags, perhaps everyone can talk this out. “When you start that dialogue, then you begin to think maybe you should approach things differently,” Cozart said. “Or maybe you find something out about yourself.”

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Sports

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THE BLUE ZONE

STOCK WATCH: WOMEN’S SOCCER TRENDING UP sports.chronicleblogs.com

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WEDNESDAY, OCTOBER 12, 2016

MEN’S SOCCER

FROM PLAYER TO COACH

The man behind Duke’s first championship reflects 30 years later Jack Dolgin The Chronicle Around a single playing field, new bleachers, permanent restrooms, a modern-day scoreboard and a field house have all sprouted up. Even the name has changed. But there is something that has also stayed the same—the presence of John Kerr. “It brings up so many different memories at different times when I’m out there,” the Duke head coach said. “It’s a thrill to be honest.” In 1986, the Blue Devils won their first national championship in any sport when they won the men’s soccer title. Kerr led the way as the best player in the country, with long locks of blonde hair and a knack for finding the back of the net. He was tabbed as the best player in the country by almost every outlet that had an award for it. The forward collected the Hermann Trophy and earned National Player of the Year honors from the Missouri Athletic Club, the ISAA and Soccer America. “I got myself in the best shape of my life,” Kerr said. “I was ready to rock.” Many thought Duke men’s basketball would be the first team to win a national title at the school. The Blue Devils reached the national championship in the springs of 1964, 1978 and 1986, but fell short in all three contests. After Duke lost on the hardwood in 1986, the burden fell to Kerr and his teammates. The Blue Devils had just lost Hermann Trophy winner Tom Kain

WEDNESDAY, OCTOBER 12, 2016 | 13

COLUMN

Unreasonable expectations

to six Elite Eights and two national championship games. Church grew up in North Carolina going to Duke football and basketball games with his uncle as one of the few Blue Devil fans in the state, he said. The former ACC Coach of the Year took a head coaching job at East Carolina, where he also worked part-time flipping pizzas to make up for the $1,500 salary. Perhaps his best learning opportunity came in 1984, when he joined Duke men’s

I frowned the first time I heard it in March. As I was watching Duke’s season slip away against Oregon in the Sweet 16 from my freshman dorm’s common room, someone in the room shrugged off the loss with brighter days on the horizon, saying, “We’ll probably win the national championship next year.” I have heard that sentiment echoed many times since, and it represents a dangerous attitude that could make a potentially storied season more stressful than fun for Blue Devil fans. I encourage fans to aspire or hope for a national title this year, or any year for that matter. It is possible and maybe even probable that the Blue Devils are the best team in the nation this year, and a national championship is a legitimate goal. But it should not be an expectation. This irrational optimism has become almost universal at Duke since head coach Mike Krzyzewski locked up the top recruiting class in the nation—including two of the top three freshmen in the country. And with official practice already underway and Countdown to Craziness in less than two weeks, the hype is reaching a crescendo. Based on the general atmosphere surrounding the team, you would think a trip to Phoenix next April for the Final Four is a foregone conclusion and a sixth

See KERR on Page 15

See EXPECTATIONS on Page 16

Hank Tucker

Chronicle File Photos Head coach John Kerr was the consensus National Player of the Year in 1986, leading Duke to its first championship in any sport.

to graduation, but Kerr was ready to fill his shoes. “I was walking off the field in 1985 and I watched Tommy Kain walk ahead of me,” Kerr said. “I kind of made a pact with myself that I’m going to walk off the field with a national championship.” Two coaches with a long history Another prominent head coach was in attendance throughout the 1986 season—Robbie Church, who in the past 15 years has led Duke women’s soccer

FOOTBALL

Jackson, Louisville present a ‘monumental challenge’ Sameer Pandhare The Chronicle

After topping Army in heavy rain and stormy conditions a week ago, points should be easier to come by when Duke travels to Louisville, Ky., this weekend. And that could spell doom for the Blue Devils. Duke will face an uphill battle as it looks to secure its first ACC victory Friday when it takes on the seventh-ranked Cardinals. The Blue Devils enter the contest as 35-point underdogs and will face a Louisville team that will take the field for the first time since its 42-36 loss against Clemson. “This is every bit as good a team as we’ve played since [I’ve] been at Duke if not the best team we’ve played and it’s not just about some of the outstanding stars,” Duke head coach David Cutcliffe said. “This is a huge and monumental challenge for us to just be able to manage to stay

on the field with them.” To even stay competitive in their first meeting against the Cardinals since 2002, Duke will need to find some way to contain Louisville superstar Lamar Jackson. The quarterback has cemented himself as the favorite for the Heisman Trophy through six games, racking up 28 total touchdowns so far this season. Although the Blue Devils fared well against a similar challenge defending Notre Dame quarterback DeShone Kizer earlier this season, Jackson is a different animal with his uncanny ability to keep plays alive by evading tacklers. The Boynton Beach, Fla., native’s creativity on the run will make a strong performance from linebackers Ben Humphreys and Joe GilesHarris key as Duke will need to contain Jackson before he wreaks havoc with his legs. “He’s at his most dangerous when he’s running around, that’s obvious,” GilesHarris said. “He leads the nation in rushing touchdowns as a quarterback and he has more carries than most running backs in the country.

Right now, you’d rather him beat you through the air than beat you with his feet because he is a phenomenal athlete with his feet.” Jackson will not be the only game-breaking option the Blue Devils will have to account for on defense. Cardinal running back Brandon Radcliff ranks second in the nation with 8.4 yards per carry and has fed off the threat of Jackson to burst through open holes in opposing defenses. On the outside, wide receivers James Quick and Jamari Staples make the explosive plays that have plagued Duke’s defense look easy. To make matters even more difficult, the Blue Devils will have to deal with the hostile road crowd at Papa John’s Cardinal Stadium that is expected to be in all black for Friday’s contest. The Cardinals haven’t played at home in nearly a month and are looking to use the game against Duke as an opportunity to reestablish their home dominance. See LOUISVILLE on Page 16

Laurel Slaughter | The Louisville Cardinal Louisville quarterback Lamar Jackson is the frontrunner for the Heisman Trophy after Week 6.

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MEN’S LACROSSE

Smith and Lindsay build on U19 gold medal Sid Bhaskara The Chronicle This summer, Duke’s athletes in Rio were not the only ones representing their countries. Two rising stars for the Blue Devils held that honor as well. Midfielders Brad Smith and Terry Lindsay helped propel the U.S. national U19 team to a gold medal at the FIL U19 World Lacrosse Championships in July, competing alongside the best new talent in college lacrosse, including players from the nation’s other top programs—including defending national champion North Carolina and national runner-up Maryland. “The experience was incredible,” Smith said. “The process was long and went over about eight months, so it was a long time coming, but once we got out there, just being with the guys, the coaching staff [and] the support staff. It was incredible getting to experience that with kids that you’ve known, or will remember and be friends with for the rest of your life.” A 6-foot-2 sophomore who played in every game as a freshman, Smith tallied nine points in six games at the championships in Coquitlam, British Columbia, playing primarily the same role that he did for Duke. As a second-line midfielder for the Blue Devils last year, the Mountain Lakes, N.J., native was Duke’s top freshman contributor, scoring nine goals and dishing out five assists. Smith flashed his potential with a pair of goals

during the Blue Devils’ ACC championship game loss to Syracuse. Duke graduated its entire distinguished first midfield line from last year, so the familiar faces of Chad Cohan and AllAmerican performers Myles Jones and Deemer Class will no longer be present at Koskinen Stadium. Smith and Lindsay represent the new era of the Blue Devils’ offense, and their time spent together in Canada should help smooth the transition as part of a group of underclassmen hoping to take Duke back to the Final Four after two consecutive first-round exits. “A different thing for me and Terry coming into this season is before I got to Duke, I had never played with anyone on this team before,” Smith said. “I had to start over and build chemistry from scratch with some guys that I had been friends with, but had never gotten to know on the field. Getting to build some chemistry, even just a building block with Terry, before coming to school made it that much easier once we got here to not only mesh on the field but to have people building around us.” Lindsay, a Blue Devil commit since his sophomore year of high school, comes to Durham as a member of Inside Lacrosse magazine’s top-rated recruiting class. A star offensive midfielder at Georgetown Prep, the freshman found himself in a different role for the U19 team. Despite playing in six games, Lindsay did not register any official statistics, playing a different position for a loaded team—defensive midfield.

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Photo Courtesy of Randy Daly | USA Lacrosse Sophomore Brad Smith and freshman Terry Lindsay earned gold medals with the U.S. national U19 team this summer.

Stepping into a new role as well as training to become more of a two-way player is something Lindsay himself cited as helping to smooth his transition from high school to the college game. After playing the first midfield line for seemingly entire games last season, Duke head coach John Danowski now boasts a deep midfield group that should offer more defensive versatility than the offensive-minded group that just graduated. “[Ohio State head coach Nick] Myers said that we needed guys to put their egos aside,” Lindsay said. “We needed guys to

step up and play their roles. Me and a buddy of mine, [Princeton midfielder] Austin Sims, we both played defensive midfield coming in…. I was coming in as an offensive midfielder but we both looked to our team, and that mattered more.” The early connection made between Smith and Lindsay helped contribute to their team’s claim to the top prize in Coquitlam, as Team USA rallied from a six-goal deficit against Canada in the gold-medal game for a dramatic 13-12 win. See M. LACROSSE on Page 15

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Chronicle File Photo John Kerr made the NCAA tournament in his first four years as a head coach in Durham but has not made it back since 2011.

KERR from page 13 soccer as a volunteer assistant. Church worked at Durham Sporting Goods in the mornings, then took care of the field, helped with drills and did whatever else was asked of him. “I was a gopher,” he said. “That’s the first time I kind of got exposed to how important the whole group was.” Church said he could already see leadership potential in Kerr, then a sophomore. “John was a real professional,” Church said. “[He] was a really good teammate.” From rivals to classmates Kerr grew up outside of Washington. His father, John Kerr Sr., played professionally alongside Pelé with the New York Cosmos and is credited as

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one the leaders who made soccer more popular around the nation’s capital. The younger Kerr liked to play other sports, too. He would play tennis frequently with future classmate and All-American Duke men’s basketball star Tommy Amaker, whose mom was also Kerr’s guidance counselor in middle school. Then there was basketball, which brought Amaker and Kerr head on. The two faced each other routinely on the court in high school for rival programs, and they faced off one last time in the state playoffs as seniors. Kerr on Amaker, one-on-one defense. Didn’t matter. “Second half, he took over—scored 35 points on me,” Kerr said. “I said, ‘Come on, let’s go on the soccer field, Tommy.’ He said, ‘No, no. You’ve got that one.’” Searching for another title A high school All-American, Kerr made an impact right away as a college player with nine goals during his freshman season. He starred as a sophomore and junior before peaking during Duke’s 1986 NCAA tournament run, when he matched his 1985 season total with 14 assists and scored 15 goals after finishing with 11 as a junior. The season was the peak of Blue Devil men’s soccer. Kerr became the fourth Hermann Trophy winner in five years from Duke, a feat no other school has accomplished. Head coach John Rennie built what Church referred to as a “dynasty,” with an appearance in the 1982 national championship game that resulted in a 2-1 loss against Indiana in

eight overtimes. Fast-forwarding to today reveals a program that is very much different— Duke has not made the NCAA tournament since 2011 and will likely miss it again with a 4-5-2 record and 1-3-1 mark in the ACC with five games remaining. Kerr became head coach in 2008 after spending nine seasons at Harvard, where he took the team to three NCAA tournaments and recruited Amaker as the school’s head men’s basketball coach. Kerr continued his success with the Blue Devils after taking over for a retired Rennie, as Duke made NCAA tournament appearances in each of his first four years. “The goals never change at Duke,” Kerr said. “Whatever sport, [they are] to try to win ACC championships and try to win national championships.” Something has changed at Duke, though, even with Kerr and Church back together working from the same office building and congratulating each other on each others’ wins. Rennie also attends the games like he used to, though he is usually in the new Kennedy Tower press box. Church no longer has a mustache, one that he was photographed with at the annual Duke summer soccer program for several years in the 1980s. “I wouldn’t say it was big, I would say it was a little cheesy,” he said. For both of them, it’s the same field, the same goals and same school they’ve grown up knowing so close to their hearts. That, along with experiencing both the highs and more recent lows, makes Kerr the embodiment of Duke men’s soccer.

WEDNESDAY, OCTOBER 12, 2016 | 15

M. LACROSSE from page 14 The connections between Duke and the national team do not end there. Danowski coaches the senior men’s national team, and his son Matt, an assistant coach for the Blue Devils and former National Player of the Year at Duke, is a member of the squad. “One of the reasons why I wanted to [coach team USA] was to gain the experience,” John Danowski said. “[I wanted to] work with players at the highest level. What can we learn from them? What can I learn from their faceoff guys, from their defenders, from their offensive players? These are the best players in our country, so what can I learn? That was one of my biggest motivations for wanting to do this.” Now back in Durham, the Blue Devils hope that those lessons and chemistry come to fruition when the team takes the field next spring in pursuit of the program’s fourth national championship.

Sanjeev Dasgupta | Chronicle File Photo Sophomore Brad Smith appears to be a star in the making for the Blue Devils.

LOUISVILLE from page 13 “It’s great, the night environment, and the crowd, and the excitement for our players,” Louisville head coach Bobby Petrino said at his weekly press conference. “It always gives you a huge advantage to play at home and play under the lights and play with our crowd. So we just have to hopefully come out and have the same type of atmosphere that we had for the Florida State game.” The great equalizer for the Blue Devils will have to be turnovers. Duke enters Friday’s game ranked second in the ACC in total turnovers caused with six fumbles and seven interceptions. The Cardinals do not turn the ball over much, but three giveaways proved costly in their loss two weeks ago to Clemson. No matter how well the Blue Devil defense plays, it will likely give up points. And when it does, the Duke offense will need to take pressure off the unit by moving the ball and controlling time of possession against a defense full of NFL talent. Against that stacked unit, redshirt freshman quarterback Daniel Jones and company might have to get used to guard Zach Harmon sliding over to center in place of the injured Austin Davis. Davis and running back Jela Duncan left Saturday’s game early with injuries and might not play against Louisville, which has an aggressive defense that will test the Blue Devils’ depth. The Cardinals boast a defensive front spearheaded by linebackers Keith Kelsey, James Hearns and Devonte Fields, who have 10.5 tackles for loss between them this season. Louisville also has one of the best cornerbacks in the nation in Jaire Alexander, who picked

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off reigning Heisman Trophy winner DeShaun Watson twice in the Cardinals’ loss at Clemson and returned a punt for a touchdown earlier this season against Florida State. “With the corners playing press the majority of the time, the receivers will have to get open fast,” Duke sophomore wide receiver T.J. Rahming said. “At receiver, we live for man-to-man, press-to-press techniques and stuff like that, so as a receiving core that opened up our eyes.” The Blue Devils know a team laden with NFL talent will make big plays, but hope they can make enough exciting ones of their own to show how far they have come since the start of the season. “The focus in games like this is playing one play at a time,” Cutcliffe said. “When you’re mismatched to a large degree, you have to complete every play, you got to separate any of the thought process from that play and that’s the only way you go about it.” Hank Tucker and Amrith Ramkumar contributed reporting.

EXPECTATIONS from page 13 national championship banner in the rafters at Cameron Indoor Stadium is easily within reach. There have even been murmurs of a potential undefeated 40-0 season, a feat that has never been accomplished before. The high hopes are not without reason. Bovada made the Blue Devils the preseason favorite to win the national championship with 4/1 odds last week, and ESPN’s unofficial preseason rankings last week slotted them at No. 1. But the best team usually does not win the

national championship. The AP’s preseason No. 1 team has not been the last team standing in April since 2009, when North Carolina won its last title. If the oddsmakers are right that Duke has 4/1 odds to win it all, then the field is much more likely than the Blue Devils to win. There are several other legitimate contenders across the nation, as Krzyzewski noted in his press conference to kick off the season last Tuesday. “Our goal is to win the national championship,” Krzyzewski said. “We have a team that if it’s healthy, that’s a legitimate goal. We’re not the only ones in the country who have that legitimate goal.” One of those teams with is Kentucky, with 15/2 odds to win the national title, but the Wildcats were in Duke’s position as a clear frontrunner just two years ago. Kentucky was the odds-on favorite to win the 2015 national title, and the anticipation of an undefeated season grew with every win. That team, like Duke’s this year, probably had the most talent in the country. Six of its players were selected in the 2015 NBA Draft, and dominant center Karl-Anthony Towns was the No. 1 overall pick. The Wildcats accomplished a lot that year, rolling through the regular season unbeaten and capturing the SEC regular season and tournament championships. But most of the success did not get the recognition it deserved as it happened. All that mattered was the elusive 40-0 record, and when Kentucky lost in the Final Four to Wisconsin, the rest of the year seemed hollow. A season can be a success for a storied program even if it peaks in February, as long as it is a high peak. Many fans will look back on the 2015-16 campaign fondly for the improbable regular-season win against the

Khloe Kim | Chronicle File Photo The Blue Devils started practice earlier this month and will host Countdown to Craziness Oct. 22.

Tar Heels and Grayson Allen’s buzzer-beater against Virginia. Those games could be appreciated as isolated events, without concern for their implications on the future, because postseason expectations were not sky-high for the Blue Devils after a fractured foot sidelined power forward Amile Jefferson for the season. Fans should approach games in November, January and February this year with the same attitude. Anxiously looking ahead to March Madness, when one off night can result in elimination, is not a fun way to follow the season. Duke’s year is more likely than not to end in disappointment, and if the Blue Devils come up short, it will be too late to go back in time and celebrate the inevitable moments and big wins that define the regular season. If anybody knows better, it should be Duke fans, because the 2015 national championship banner does not reside in Lexington, Ky. It hangs in the rafters at Cameron.

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Online subscriptions: Today’s puzzle and more than 7,000 past puzzles, nytimes.com/crosswords ($39.95 a year). Read about and comment on each puzzle: nytimes.com/wordplay. Crosswords for young solvers: nytimes.com/studentcrosswords.

T H E I N D E P E N D E N T D A I LY AT D U K E U N I V E R S I T Y

The Chronicle

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To study abroad or to be abroad

he study abroad program is an essential part of the “Duke Experience,” with roughly half of the undergraduate population spending a semester abroad before graduation. The abroad experience includes a wide variety of Duke-In programs that vary from placement into classes alongside host-country students to programs taught entirely by Duke Professors and populated by Duke students. The university recently announced an addition to abroad options with the development of a new program specifically tailored for engineering students. In its announcement, the university acknowledged that the material studied in the program could be studied similarly in any location. With that in mind, today we tackle the question of whether there is really any worth in students studying abroad, and if there is, how to maximize it. Study abroad programs at Duke generally market themselves as opportunities to engage in intercultural exchange, develop new perspectives, expand selfawareness and inspire “life-long global engagement”. While the value of gaining deep experience abroad is well researched and appreciated, the value of semester or shorter study abroad programs like those offered at Duke is questionable. Although it is tempting to suggest that any experience abroad is better than none, the human tendency to believe that one knows much when one

knows little and realize that one knows little only when one knows much might make superficial study abroad experiences counterintuitively reductive of cultural difference and appreciation. If one attempts to learn the culture of a foreign country by living in an insulated American study abroad bubble, he/she runs the real risk of seeing a culture but not actually experiencing it. There are, of course, ways to make a study abroad program seriously worthwhile. Programs which house and educate students alongside host families

Editorial

and host-country students instead of placing them alongside fellows from their home campus will likely provide a realer experience. Focused programs that take advantage of local resources to teach a specific topic enhanced by the surroundings may have greater value than programs which have no specific reason to be taught in an international location. Similarly, language immersion programs that require students to engage with native speakers can be valuable in developing strong speaking skills. For the most part though, study abroad programs are safe opportunities that require minimal risk and

“I think we should be more concerned about how many out-ofstate students are fraudulently claiming that North Carolina is their residence/domicile for the sole purpose of swaying an election...I would like to see local or state prosecutors crack down on this practice.” — “Fed Up,” responding to “Knowing your power,” published Friday, October 7

LETTERS POLICY

”

Direct submissions to:

The Chronicle welcomes submissions in the form of letters to the editor or guest columns. Submissions must include the author’s name, signature, department or class, and for purposes of identification, phone number and local address. Letters should not exceed 325 words; contact the editorial department for information regarding guest columns. The Chronicle will not publish anonymous or form letters or letters that are promotional in nature. The Chronicle reserves the right to edit letters and guest columns for length, clarity and style and the right to withhold letters based on the discretion of the editorial page editor.

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engagement. In contrast to the sheltered comfort of study abroad programs, the act of truly living abroad requires one to immerse his/her self in a new culture, dive into a new language and acclimate to new customs. It is risky but also has the potential to be exponentially rewarding. As students contemplate their options for studying abroad, they should consider forgoing the study abroad programs advertised in shiny recruitment brochures and instead, if they truly wish to experience a new culture, plan to move abroad for a defined time after graduation, when a serious “experience” can occur. Such an experience might take the form of a well-defined path like Peace Corps or JET abroad, but might also manifest in one of the infinite forms of regular employment. Students truly interested in such authentic experiences can easily reach out to Duke Alumni regional groups or individual alumni in regions of interest to begin planning. Ultimately, experiences abroad should force Duke students to question their assumptions and perspectives while covering new terrain independently. If the study abroad program you are contemplating will not give you opportunities for this essential discomfort, then perhaps the better choice would be to prepare yourself to go abroad meaningfully during an uncharted “experience” of your own.

Brighten up

onlinecomment

Est. 1905

The Chronicle

www.dukechronicle.com commentary

18 | WEDNESDAY, OCTOBER 12, 2016

“It is a sad day for America.” “The single worst day in American political history.” “Nasty.” If you’ve been watching or reading the news recently, you have likely been exposed to one of the most melodramatic political commentary seasons ever. The political climate during this presidential election has become increasingly tense and bitter, and national dialogue and discourse around the campaigns have followed suit. Every day, pundit after pundit seems to recoil and gasp and lament. News controversies and bombshells drop constantly and with them so has our collective faith in America. After the second presidential debate on Sunday night, which came after the release of a graphic audiotape of Donald Trump’s abusive talk of women, the tone of the media has hit an all-time low. Everyone seems to be either upset, confused or depressed, or all of the above. I too think that

of new HIV infections is at an all time low, approximately 2.1 million. AIDs-related deaths have declined 35 percent since their highest in 2005 and in the last three years new HIV infections have dropped by 13 percent. Progress isn’t limited to humanitarian goals around the world. The United States also has its own successes to celebrate. Despite the strong overall decline in violent crime, a 2014 Gallup polls found that the majority of Americans agree with the statement, “there is more crime in the U.S. than there was a year ago.” Instead, government statistics shows that outside of some small discrepancies, the general trend shows that serious crime has decreased almost every year from 1994 through 2013. An article by the Huffington Post reports that “violent crime has fallen by 51 percent since 1991, and property crime by 43 percent. In 2013 the violent crime rate was the lowest since 1970.” While there is a great deal of despair over the rise of automation and concern over how

Shruti Rao TAMING OF THE SHRU

CLAIRE BALLENTINE, Editor AMRITH RAMKUMAR, Sports Editor ABBY XIE, News Editor SAMANTHA NEAL, Assistant News Editor NEELESH MOORTHY, Managing Editor ADAM BEYER, Digital Content Director HAN KANG, Photography Editor JACKSON PRINCE, Editorial Page Editor SURABHI BERIWAL, Editorial Board Chair ASA ROYAL, Editorial Board Chair

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The Chronicle is published by the Duke Student Publishing Company, Inc., a non-profit corporation independent of Duke University. The opinions expressed in this newspaper are not necessarily those of Duke University, its students, faculty, staff, administration or trustees. Unsigned editorials represent the majority view of the editorial board. Columns, letters and cartoons represent the views of the authors. To reach the Editorial Office at 301 Flowers Building, call 684-2663 or fax 684-4696. To reach the Business Office at 1517 Hull Avenue call 684-3811. To reach the Advertising Office at 2022 Campus Drive call 684-3811. One copy per person; additional copies may be purchased for .25 at The Chronicle Business office at the address above. @ 2016 Duke Student Publishing Company

American politics have seen better days and admit the debates of this political season are far-removed from the famous Lincoln-Douglas debates of 1858. However, I was shocked by how much anger, fear and despair has been embedded in the reactions of the media and the general public. It’s time for us to take a step back. I have engaged in this doomsday rhetoric to express my horror and refusal at some of the events that are unfolding during this election. However, I’ve realized that in the midst of denouncing and decrying and disbelieving, we have lost sight of reality. The truth is that if we zoom out and take a deep breath, our world and country are not sitting on the fringe of some kind of epic meltdown. The reality is that we live in a world that has launched some tremendously successful campaigns that have dramatically lowered the rates of disease, poverty and hunger, and has consistently improved the human condition. According to the World Bank, one in 10 children died before the age of 5 in 1990. Today, that number is one in 20. According the the Gates Foundation, the last time we cut the child death rate in half (from 9 percent in 1990 to 4.6 percent in 2015) it took 25 years. The projection now indicates we can do it again in just 15 years. Our global ability to combat HIV and AIDS has made significant strides. According to the UNAIDS report released in July 2014, the rate

the forces of globalization will wreak havoc on traditional American jobs, it is also true that American innovation is thriving. In a column in Fortune magazine, Vivek Wadwha argues that we are living in the most innovative period in human history, with the United States leading the way. He points to major advances in artificial intelligence and robotics and to the coming wave of self-driving vehicles and how these technologies will forever change our lives. These are just a few examples of success we have seen in the world today. Whether it is in the area of global health, poverty, technology or business this is an exciting time to be alive. I would argue that we live today in a world that is the safest, most peaceful and most innovative than any other time in history. One of Hillary Clinton’s campaign lines is borrowed from Alexis de Tocqueville, a French sociologist famous for his observations of the United States, who wrote, “America is great because America is good.” When I listen to the political cacophony that erupts out of political scandals and commentary, I often find myself disenchanted. However, I believe that the greatness of this nation doesn’t come just from our politics or our media, but from the steady and impressive accomplishments that we collectively work towards day by day. Shruti Rao is a Trinity junior. Her column, “taming of the shru,” runs on alternate Wednesdays.

The Chronicle

www.dukechronicle.com commentary

It’s not all Greek to me

aving finished up my midterm last week, I was prepared to enjoy a fun-in-the-sun trip to Florida over Fall Break. Hurricane Matthew put a quick and not-so sudden end to that idea. With only 48 hours left until the start of Fall Break, I had to put together some plans and fast. Since going south was out of the question, I made a couple calls to some high school friends up north. 12 hours later, my roommate and I were heading on an eighthour road trip to Princeton University. My first thought upon arriving at Princeton was how we literally copied it. Although the stones of their Gothic architecture do not have the same color as ours and there are not quite as many glass boxes, no Duke student could walk on their campus without having a deja-vu moment. My main observation, however, had nothing to do with the architecture.

Now, with the weak presence of Greek life, do issues related to socioeconomic status disappear? Of course not. The most recent annual recorded price for joining one Eating Club at Princeton was $8,260. That was seven years ago. Even taking into account the cost of Duke’s meal plan, dues for Duke’s Selective Living Groups do not even come close to these numbers. Especially given the fact that Princeton students can only receive limited financial aid for their Eating Club dues. Do any of these descriptions sound familiar yet? Now, if you haven’t figured it out yet, there’s a distinct parallel between complaints levied at Princeton’s Eating Clubs and those often made about Greek life at Duke. Just because something is associated with Greek life does not make it a exclusive symptom of Greek life. After all, not only are all Princeton Eating Clubs co-ed, but

Why not Hillary? “I

f Trump is such an undesirable presidential candidate, why not jump on board with Hillary?” In the past month there have been dozens of opinion articles in the Duke Chronicle almost exclusively criticizing Donald Trump’s candidacy, and it has been assumed that Hillary Clinton is the “go-to” November ballot option who will spur America towards brighter and better prospects. In the Duke community, it is “in” to bash Trump; this is unsurprising and for good reason, since Trump has committed more politicallyincorrect and morally-depraved offenses than any other similarly prominent politician in the modern era—from gloats of his sexual predation and “textbook” racist comments to the scams of Trump University and his casino empire. As a politician, Trump is neither consistent nor honest; he is an insecure narcissist who compulsively “punches back” without prudence or empathy, as shown most recently in his nuking of Paul Ryan and his encouraging the Trumpkins to leave the lower-ballot blank for Republicans who fled in

George Mellgard

Addison Merryman

ESSE QUAM VIDERI

DEEP MAGIC

After all, I got the opportunity to experience the unique social environment that is “The Street” at Princeton. “The Street” (Prospect Avenue) is the major center for Princeton undergraduate nightlife and home to the 11 Eating Clubs on Princeton’s campus. During my time at Princeton I went to three different Eating Clubs, each with a very unique culture and social environment. Now before I continue I would like to make one thing clear. I had a great time visiting Princeton and the following observations are not meant to discredit the university or my time there. Instead, they are meant to provide a different perspective on the problems affecting Greek and non-Greek SelectiveLiving Groups on Duke’s campus. First, it must be noted that even with Eating Clubs, Princeton still has Greek life. While most chapters are not associated with Nationals nor officially endorsed by Princeton University, the fact remains that they do exist at Princeton. However, unlike Duke, the presence of Greek life is minimal and it does not dominate the social scene at Princeton. Now, with the weak presence of Greek Life, do exclusive social organizations just disappear? Of course not. The role Greek life holds in social culture at Duke is simply taken over by Eating Clubs at Princeton. While these 11 co-ed groups technically offer a place for their members to eat, in reality, their large houses serve to host large-scale social events and students go through a pseudo-rush process known as “bicker” to join. Now, with the weak presence of Greek life, do issues related to masculinity and sexual assault disappear? Of course not. As with most social organizations that involve significant drinking and college students, issues related to both sexual assault and masculinity have arisen at Princeton over the past couple years. Now, with the weak presence of Greek life, do issues related to exclusivity disappear? Of course not. One student suggests that Eating Clubs perpetuate a Princeton tradition of “exclusive institutionalized social spaces.” Furthermore, it is argued that these Eating Clubs serve only to promote conformity among Princeton students.

also close to 70 percent of juniors and seniors at Princeton belong to them. Yet the same problems that individuals at Duke claim Greek life is responsible for are attributed to Princeton Eating Clubs. And, even if we #AbolishedGreekLife, the problems associated with it would not disappear. In fact, other organizations might rise to quickly take their place. Members are quick to say that non-Greek SLGs avoid the problems associated with Greek life. However, given the percentage of people eventually extended bids, the continued complaints about independent housing, and various comments about their exclusivity posted on Duke’s “You’re Not Alone” Facebook page, they are by no means problem-free. Furthermore, most non-Greek SLGs still have members that participate in Greek life. To say these two entities are completely different would be a gross exaggeration. My point is not to say that Greek and non-Greek SLGs are similar. However, it is not difficult to see how non-Greek SLGs could quickly take over the role played by Greek life at Duke and become Duke’s “Eating Clubs.” It is easy to point fingers at Greek life at Duke and blame it as the entity of everything that is wrong with Duke’s social culture. However, pointing fingers at Greek life does not address nor provide correction to the larger social issues on campus. After all, not taking part in this system does not mean the system will disappear overnight, nor does it give the opportunity to change the system from the inside. Abolishing one system does not mean that another will not take its place. I am not saying these problems are not associated with Greek life or do not exist. Rather, these social systems that cause problems of exclusion and socio-economic problems appear across the country. But saying that Greek life alone is responsible for these problems simplifies them. As a result, this simplification inhibits the overarching conversation surrounding these issues. Only by illustrating how these issues affect society and different universities as a whole can we begin to address them. George Mellgard is a Trinity senior. His column, “esse quam videri,” runs on alternate Wednesdays.

Interested in contributing to campus dialogue? Submit a guest column to jrp56@duke.edu.

WEDNESDAY, OCTOBER 12, 2016 | 19

the wake of the latest “Trumptapes” scandal. Trump simply doesn’t care about maintaining Republican majorities in the House or Senate, about nominating constitutional originalist SCOTUS justices or passing conservative legislation. If he’s going to burn, Trump will bring the whole GOP down with him and concoct the myth that he was “stabbed-in-the-back,” all to preserve his brand as a winner. But if Trump and his campaign are an oil tanker on fire, is marking the ballot for the only electorally-viable alternative, Hillary Clinton, a good move? I would argue not; I see Hillary Clinton as one of the most corrupt, dishonest and militantly Leftist figures in American politics. While Clinton’s detractors often have partisan motivations for investigating her misdeeds, it is also true that those in Clinton’s camp are equally incentivized to cover up her misdeeds and politically protect her. Remember that although Trump’s nomination was an unforeseen fluke and his union with the GOP establishment a shotgun wedding (just look at the responses of Paul Ryan, Ted Cruz and John Kasich), the Democratic establishment has deep personal loyalty to Hillary Clinton. They planned her nomination from the beginning, blackballing competitors (like Bernie Sanders) and trampling standards of integrity to secure her trajectory. This rigging of the Democratic primary was only brought to public attention because the DNC was hacked and their emails dumped. Hillary then immediately hired the disgraced Debbie Wasserman Schultz as chair of her campaign—an act of pure cronyism. If you genuinely care about the truth, don’t expect accountability from the Democratic establishment and those in the media partial to her. Always examine all the available facts carefully, regardless of the peddlers’ motivations. Obama has notably insisted that Hillary Clinton is the “most experienced” and “qualified” person ever to serve as President of the United States. And yet her “experience” as Secretary of State has been mired with charges of corruption and incompetence. The Associated Press reports that “at least 85 of 154 people from private interests who met or had phone conversations scheduled with Clinton while she led the State Department donated to her family charity or pledged commitments to its international programs,” and that these donors contributed “as much as $156 million.” The overlap between cash and face-time with Hillary Clinton while Secretary is staggering; this has all the appearances of a pay-for-play operation. We may never know the full inner workings of Hillary Clinton’s State Department because of her creation of a private email server, which meant that from the onset the U.S. government had no access to her emails and no ability to maintain mandated records, and that classified information would certainly have been transmitted to and from, and stored on, an unsecured system. Hillary’s server was even “less secure than Google’s Gmail” despite her claims that it was secure. What ensued in early 2015 was a Bleachbit annihilation of 33,000 emails that flouted federal regulations for record preservation, in some cases even after

the FBI issued a subpoena for them. The information collected during the FBI investigation demonstrates that Clinton’s use of a private email server involved wild incompetence or corruption, and possibly both. FBI Director James Comey declined to recommend prosecution because there lacked proof of “intent.” However, the standard of the law does not require “intent;” even the category of “gross negligence” in handling of classified materials can be prosecuted for a fine or up to 10 years of prison. Interviews with the FBI reveal that Hillary had no understanding of how classification systems work or that the designation “(c)” stands for “confidential.” Clinton’s ignorance with regard to handling classified information is roughly the equivalent of being a 4-year Duke-UNC game tenter and not knowing what the “K” in K-ville stands for. Many of the statements Hillary has continued to repeat about use of her email server have been proven false by information revealed by the FBI. She has fishtailed on policy, repeated pants-on-fire anecdotes and even spoken highly of having “both a public and private position” on various policies.

What Clinton lacks in conviction, she tries to make up for in radical Leftist rhetoric. Consider her statement in the First Presidential debate that “implicit [racial] bias is a problem for everyone.” This is an euphemism for saying, “All Americans are unconsciously racists.” She ostensibly only means white people, because as Leftists like Marc Lamont Hill will argue, “black people don’t have the institutional power to be racist or to deploy racism.” This judgment against collective white America is unjust, and it hinders any efforts to combat real words and actions of racism in our society. Hillary Clinton is also one of the most proabortion US politicians ever. The Democratic platform as a whole has moved left, from considering abortion as an option that should be “safe, legal and rare” in 1996 to pushing for essentially “abortionon-demand.” Hillary Clinton is passionately in favor of revoking the Hyde and Helms Amendments so that U.S. taxpayer dollars will fund abortion domestic and worldwide. She also believes that unborn children have no rights, and that abortion is a fundamental human right. Clinton has even compared pro-life Americans to “terrorist groups.” For those who regard all human lives as inherently sacred with truly inalienable rights and don’t want to be complicit in funding abortion, Hillary Clinton is a zealous and determined opponent. Furthermore, Hillary has a Leftist vision for the Supreme Court similar to that of Jeffrey Toobin, who openly hopes that SCOTUS will become an “engine of progressive change” that can supersede the legislature, ostensibly through the invention of “rights.” True, God-given rights are entitlements that each person has in the absence of other people; these are rights you possess simply by being a living human being, such as the right to life and the right to free speech. Yet it appears that Clinton esteems the devising of new rights (such as the “right” to an abortion and the “right” to health care) over the protection of “the rights actually enumerated in the constitution.” Between Hillary Clinton and Donald Trump, we as citizens are presented with two awful candidates. But the biggest pitfall of this election is that people on both sides are disregarding moral standards and principles out of partisan loyalty and the perceived need for political calculation. If your instinctive response to hearing a criticism of Hillary is “But Trump...”, you’re doing it wrong. The problem with the lesser of two evils logic is that it gives a pass to Clinton for her corruption, dishonesty and radical Leftism, so long as she is not “worse” than Trump on a particular vector. I concur with Ben Shapiro when he writes, “My vote is not only a tool of political calculation, it is my personal moral and political affirmation.” And so, in this election, I am not just #NeverTrump; I am also firmly #NeverHillary. If we wish to preserve our republic, we must affirm what is right and not make excuses or cover for what is wrong. Truth, honesty and moral standards must prevail. Addison Merryman is a Trinity senior. His column, “deep magic,” runs on alternate Wednesdays.

20 | WEDNESDAY, OCTOBER 12, 2016

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www.dukechronicle.com

CAN’T MISS EVENTS OCTOBER 12-22, 2016 Mural Durham

October 22, 2016, 1-4pm Duke Arts Annex Mural Durham is an arts festival that brings together local Durham artists and the Durham community for a day of mural painting, local food, music and fun. The event will be held on October 22nd at Duke Arts Annex, located on Duke’s campus and Burch Avenue. Mural Durham connects Durham through creativity, one mural at a time. #muraldurham muraldurham.com

THEATER STUDY BREAK Wednesday, October 12 12:30-1:30pm Page 109

LA HORA ESPAÑOLA: LAURA MOYANO MOLDAN, SOPRANO AND SANTIAGO ALONSO VARELA, PIANIST Thursday, October 13 8pm East Duke 201 (Nelson Music Room)

MUSIC LECTURE: CHRISTOPHER ANDERSON (SOUTHERN METHODIST UNIVERSITY) Friday, October 14 4pm Biddle 104

NASHER: SKETCHING IN THE GALLERIES WITH BILL THELEN Saturday, October 15 10am Nasher Museum of Art

MFAEDA SUNDAY SCREENING SALON Sunday, October 16 7pm 105 Hood Street, Suite #5

SCREEN/SOCIETY—AMI SHOWCASE—FILM NOIR SERIES—”ODD MAN OUT” Monday, October 17 7-9:15pm Bryan Center Griffith Film Theater

SCREEN/SOCIETY FILM: “SELF-PORTRAIT: DYING AT 47 KM” WITH FILMMAKER Q&A Tuesday, October 18 7pm Griffith Film Theater

SONYA CLARK: GALLERY PERFORMANCE Thursday, October 20 7-8pm Nasher Museum of Art

Brought to you by Department of Art, Art History and Visual Studies, Center for Documentary Studies, Dance Program, Music Department, Master of Fine Arts in Experimental & Documentary Studies, Nasher Museum of Art, Screen/Society, Theater Studies with support from the Office of the Vice Provost of the Arts.