March 22, 2016

The end of an era

Arch madness

The last season of Plumlees at Duke is coming to a close | Sports Page 6

The Bryan Center walkway next to the West Union recently opened | Page 3

The Chronicle T H E I N D E P E N D E N T D A I LY AT D U K E U N I V E R S I T Y

TUESDAY, MARCH 22, 2016

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ONE HUNDRED AND ELEVENTH YEAR, ISSUE 92

Community ‘We need to hold ourselves to a higher standard’ DSG faces attendance, voting inconsistencies celebrates unionization Rachel Chason and Sarah Kerman The Chronicle Faculty, students and Durham community members gathered Monday evening to celebrate faculty unionization. Approximately 80 people gathered at the Chapel for a victory rally following the announcement Friday that a majority of adjunct faculty voted for representation by the Service Employees International Union. Of the 203 ballots cast in the election, 174 (85.7 percent) were cast in favor of unionization and 29 against union representation. “People who are vulnerable are never in a good position to advocate for themselves,” said MJ Sharp, an instructor in the Center for Documentary Studies, who spoke at the rally. “This is a profound opportunity for structural change. We want a University— and we voted for a University—where our colleagues teaching positions are just as important to us as our own.” The unionization effort was led by Duke Teaching First, an organization of non-tenure track or contingent faculty. After the results are certified, the SEIU will represent approximately 300 nonregular rank, non-tenure track faculty in the Trinity College of Arts and Sciences, the Center for Documentary Studies and the Graduate School. See UNION RALLY on Page 12

Ian Jaffe | The Chronicle Lecturing Fellow Matteo Gilebbi was among the speakers who expressed excitement for the new faculty union.

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Graphic by Dottie Kontopoulos | The Chronicle

Likhitha Butchireddygari The Chronicle Duke Student Government’s public records contain inconsistencies in senate attendance and voting records and show a lack of enforcement of attendance policies. According to the records, as of 7 p.m. Monday, 24 of the 57 senators currently have or have had an attendance violation, defined as two or more unexcused absences. Twelve senators have had three or more unexcused absences, which is constitutional grounds for removal, and the remaining 12 have had two unexcused absences at some point during the year—which can be considered being in bad standing and entails a loss of voting privileges, according to DSG’s house rules. Senators with two or more unexcused absences can be referred to the Senate Judiciary Committee, which is responsible for nominating justices to the DSG Judiciary and reviewing allegations of senator misconduct, before they can be considered in bad standing or removed by the Senate. In light of attendance issues and issues caused by senators leaving meetings early, at its March 6 meeting, the executive board discussed removing those with three or more unexcused absences, capping the number of allowed excused absences—12 senators have at least three excused absences and one has eight excused absences—and taking roll at the

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beginning and end of meetings to account for senators who leave early. “We need to hold ourselves to a higher standard,” said DSG President Keizra Mecklai, a senior, at the meeting. Senators respond The Chronicle contacted several senators who have been in bad standing about their potential removal. However, many replied that their attendance record was incorrect. DSG’s attendance records have been updated several times recently to change the number of senators who have missed enough meetings for removal or could be considered in bad standing. According to the DSG house rules, to be excused for a full absence or leave a meeting early, a senator must email Guarco before the meeting with an excuse. Many of the senators who contested their record said that they had sent emails to Guarco about their absence and that their absences were reported incorrectly as unexcused. “People have emailed John [Guarco], but the record hasn’t been kept adequately,” said junior Tanner Lockhead, vice president for Durham and regional affairs. Freshman Stuart Ki, senator for Durham and regional affairs, also noted that his attendance record was incorrect. On March 6, the attendance record showed Ki with three unexcused absences. After The Chronicle contacted Ki, the record was changed to two unexcused absences.

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“It was just a miscommunication,” Ki wrote in an email. “I believe it was in the beginning of the semester, when there were a lot of transitions and everything was starting up. EVP Guarco has a lot going on managing the Senate, and I don’t blame him.” One of the senators who would have been considered in bad standing, freshman Ian Chang, wrote in an email that he resigned Feb. 21. However, the current attendance and voting record marks him as attending the Feb. 24 senate meeting and voting during a roll-call vote. “I am not sure why I am marked as present and voting for the [Feb. 24] meeting,” Chang wrote in an email. “There is another Senator Chang, which may have caused confusion.” The other Senator Chang, freshman Jason Chang, was also marked present and voting for the Feb. 24 meeting. Ian Chang was removed from the attendance record during Spring Break. Guarco noted in an email that the discrepancy was due to a switch in executive secretaries, who are responsible for keeping track of the attendance and voting records, which happened at the beginning of the semester. The two executive secretaries are freshmen Victoria Wong and Carolyn Sun, a graphic designer for The Chronicle. When asked about inconsistencies in the See DSG ATTENDANCE on Page 4

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Duke professor: Supreme Court vacancy ‘huge’ in 2016 election is simply false. Justice Ginsburg is not going to remain on the Court for another generation and neither is Justice Breyer. So I think it is much more likely than not that we are going to have turnover over the next four years. The conflict is that the principle of the Republicans is not the one that they say they are following. What you are left with is partisan advantage which has come in the form of not letting Democrats fill the seat. That is a new low in terms of obstruction and dysfunction.

Rachel Sereix The Chronicle Neil Siegel is a professor of law and professor of political science at the Duke Law School. In 2003, he clerked for Associate Justice Ruth Bader Ginsburg at the U.S. Supreme Court and served as special council to then-Sen. and current Vice President Joe Biden during the confirmation hearings of current Justices John Roberts and Samuel Alito. The Chronicle’s Rachel Sereix spoke with Siegel about the next Supreme Court nominee and partisanship in the Court. The Chronicle: Do you believe that the Republicans’ argument that a Supreme Court nominee should be chosen after the next president is elected is constitutionally justified? Neil Siegel: I do not. A president is elected to a four-year term, and our current president has about a year to go. The best understanding of historical practice is seen by what the Republicans in the Senate are doing. Never before has one party said that they are not going to categorically consider any nominee regardless of the nominee that the president would put up. In the last 100 years, we have not seen a case similar to what the Republicans are doing now. The principle that they are stating is that ‘the American people should decide.’ They simply want a Republican to fill the vacancy—this is not principle, this is partisanship. People are trying to maximize partisan advantage. What I am worried about is a situation where we cannot confirm anyone unless the same party controls both the White House and the Senate. I think that this would be destructive. The president is under a constitutional obligation to nominate someone. It says ‘shall’ in the Constitution, not ‘may’ or ‘can,’ and it seems to me that the Senate is under a conventional, not a constitutional, obligation to confirm the nominee. It is just a considerate departure from past practice, and it is symptomatic of partisanship on steroids that defines the times in which we are living.

Special to The Chronicle Neil Siegel, professor of law and political science, noted that Supreme Court nominee Merrick Garland’s age and centrist views are positives for Republicans, though his confirmation is still unlikely.

Merrick Garland a qualified nominee? NS: He is the Chief Judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit, which is the second most important court in the land next to the Supreme Court. He is one of the most experienced Supreme Court nominees ever. He has served on the D.C. circuit court now for many years as a federal prosecutor, and he has earned heavy praise along party lines. I cannot think of anyone more plausibly confirmable for the position. He is moderately centrist and follows precedent to the T as far as I know. His colleagues love working for him and feel very respected by him on both sides of the aisle. He has everything that you would want professionally and temperamentally from a nominee. From the Republican perspective, he is more moderate than many possible nominees, and he is also older—he will be there less.

Scalia, but Scalia was one of the most conservative judges in American history. He is also to the right of any other nominees that the president might have considered. I don’t know about a sense of balance—he would move the Court to the left but not nearly as to the left as another Democratic nominee might. In my publication in The Hill entitled, ‘The American people will decide the Supreme Court’s future anyway,’ I argue that there is a factual assumption that both sides are making that I think is false. The Republicans are talking about flipping the Court from liberal to conservative to liberal for the next generation. They are saying this to help make the claim that they have a special warrant to do something extraordinary which is not even considering a nominee. The Democrats as far as I can tell have not been disputing this assertion that this is a really big deal and could flip the TC: Do you believe that Garland’s Court. Justice [Ruth Bader] Ginsburg is 83, centrist views can provide a sense of balance Justice [Anthony] Kennedy is 79, Justice TC: What do you think are the main to the Supreme Court? [Stephen] Breyer is 77—the idea that this characteristics that make Chief Judge NS: He is clearly to the left of Justice is going to flip the Court for a generation

National Academy of Medicine Lecture

TC: What are the next steps for Senate Democrats and President [Barack] Obama to successfully nominate Chief Merrick Garland? NS: This is so extraordinary that I don’t know. Typically the nominee would prepare for hearings and talk to senators on both sides, but that doesn’t seem to be happening. I don’t know what the next steps are. They have to persuade Senate Republicans to at least consider the nominee and so far, they just won’t. It is more likely than not that Garland will not get a hearing, let alone be confirmed. The most likely scenario is if the Democrats win the election with Hillary Clinton being the presumptive nominee, there is going to be a lame duck session after the election in November. The Republicans are going to be faced with confirming Garland, or Hillary Clinton will nominate someone possibly more liberal. There is a possibility that Republicans will forget about what they said about the American people. If the Democrats have both the presidency and the Senate, I suspect that they will confirm Garland and deny Clinton the opportunity to nominate someone much more liberal. It will be quite contradictory to say that the American people shouldn’t decide—we can decide this now. TC: What do you believe is the primary agenda of Senate Republicans to block Garland’s nomination? NS: I think that they want to make it as likely as possible that a Republican president will nominate a Supreme See SIEGEL on Page 12

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Arch madness: Students return from break to open BC walkway Ian Jaffe The Chronicle The Bryan Center walkway reopened Saturday after construction delays prevented it from reopening in December, as was originally planned. The walkway—which connects the main quadrangle to the plaza and the Bryan Center— is still only partially open, with a large section covered in construction equipment and the walkway to the Flowers building still closed. Sarah Burdick, director of administration and special projects, declined to comment on when the rest of the walkway and the plaza will reopen. In a Jan. 27 article published in The Chronicle, Burdick said the plaza was being reconstructed and would not be reopened to the public until the crane was removed. Kyle Cavanaugh, vice president for administration, wrote in an email that the plaza’s opening would have wide-reaching changes on campus. “This project, and the resulting outcome are simply transformative for West Campus,” he wrote. Junior Jasmine Tsai said she was excited by the reopening, but not shocked it was delayed. “When they give us a deadline [for a construction project being completed] I don’t really think of it as a deadline anymore,” Tsai said. “I think of it as a soft goal, but I never hold them to it because they never finish on time.” She noted that despite the delay, she is excited about the opening of the walkway because it means she will be able to easily walk from the main quadrangle to the region around the Bryan Center. Senior Jay Sullivan, a columnist for The Chronicle, wrote in an email that

Ian Jaffe | The Chronicle Many students said that the opening of the Bryan Center walkway was convenient for easier access to campus eateries and class buildings.

construction—and construction delays—have been a significant part of his undergraduate experience at Duke. “I’m pleased that the [Devil’s] Krafthouse and plaza were opened in time for seniors to enjoy them, and they are fantastic and welcome additions to campus,” Sullivan wrote. “However, the issue for me has not been this specific project so much as the multitude of projects that have dotted campus that make getting to class difficult or limit the options for food on campus.” He added that with West Union soon to be reopened, he thinks some of the issues related

to construction will be resolved and described the opening of the walkway as “a step in the right direction.” Junior Danielle Kwon said the reopening of the walkway is already helping her daily commute to class. “I am really excited because I live in Few currently, and I lived in Craven last year, and [the walkway] has shortened my travel time a lot because I have class in Sanford,” Kwon said. “I am really excited to have better access to food and classes.” Freshman James Wang noted that he had mixed feelings about the walkway.

“I am really excited about the opening of the walkway because it is refreshing after all the construction,” Wang said. “However, I am pretty [annoyed] by the new design because it does not really fit with the Gothic architecture around the area.” Sophomore Austin Gartside said he was excited for the walkway even though he has never been a student at Duke while the bridge was open. He said the opening of the walkway cut down his travel time to his dorm by about two minutes. “I am pumped to not have to walk around the Chapel every time,” Gartside said.

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DSG ATTENDANCE from page 1 attendance and voting records, Wong declined to comment, noting that she was relatively new to DSG. Implications of absences More than 25 individual votes cast by senators in various rollcall votes were counted from members who would not have had voting privileges at the time of the vote if DSG attendance policies were fully enforced. The Senate’s house rules state that, “Any senator who incurs a second or subsequent unexcused absence can be placed in bad standing. He or she may no longer vote or be recognized in any DSG matter, except to defend himself or herself in a proceeding, until discharged from bad standing by the executive vice president, or by the Senate.” A number of senators had two or more unexcused absences on their record but had not been put into bad standing and voted Chronicle File Photo during several votes this semester. Had these votes not counted, More than 20 senators could be in danger of being considered the Senate would have lacked quorum, which is the minimum in bad standing or removed due to poor attendance. number of senators required to be present at a given senate

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The Chronicle meeting to be able to vote. For senate, the minimum number for quorum is a majority of senators and vice presidents. The Chronicle found that the Feb. 24 roll-call vote—a recorded vote at the request of senators—which put a referendum on the ballot to change the DSG constitution and give the Senate power to restructure itself would not have been possible if attendance policies were fully enforced. The referendum was later approved by the undergraduate student body, but would not have been voted on if senators with two or more unexcused absences had been put into bad standing. A Feb. 10 vote regarding senate bylaws also might not have been possible if attendance policies were enforced. During the vote, senators voted to use gender neutral pronouns of senate documents and require financial and cultural competency training for senators, Guarco explained. A majority of senators and vice presidents would have to have been present for this vote to have occurred. According to the attendance and voting record, less than half were considered present and in good standing by house rules. There are also at least 20 instances in which senators left meetings early, according to the records. The Chronicle defined “leaving early” as being present at the start of the meeting but not being recorded during roll-call votes. Under the house rules, leaving a senate meeting early is considered an absence, but it can be excused. If the “leaving early” policy had been enforced, at least 20 additional individual votes from senators should not have counted because certain senators would have been put in bad standing, assuming those senators would not have been excused. Senate Judiciary Committee review Sophomore Sean Gilbert, chair of the Senate Judiciary committee, confirmed that the committee recommended freshman Robert Rappleye, freshman Kevin Bhimani, freshman William Tong and freshman Parker Hao for immediate removal because of “nonfeasance of attendance responsibilities.” During Spring Break, the attendance sheet was updated to reflect that that six additional senators currently have three or more unexcused absences. However, two of these senators will have an opportunity to correct the attendance record at the next senate meeting, when the previous meeting’s minutes will be approved. “The SJC has asked for the new names with three absences to be verified for unexcused absences, and will act when we have that information,” Gilbert wrote in an email. The DSG Executive Board met March 6 to discuss consequences for senators who left the Senate’s March 2 Senate meeting early and get an update on the work of the Senate Judiciary committee. Gilbert noted that in the past, SJC hearings were “hard to manage” because senators would make up excuses including ignorance of the policy of emailing Guarco or that they were sick. Mecklai said those types of excuses at hearings are “unacceptable.” Of the SJC’s six members, at least three senators have been in bad standing or are currently in bad standing. At the time of the Executive Board meeting, Gilbert had three unexcused absences. The attendance record was later changed to indicate Gilbert only has two unexcused absences. Gilbert wrote in an email that emails and excuses were not accurately represented in the record, which was the case for many other senators. In addition, the Board looked at senators leaving meetings early. At the beginning of the March 2 senate meeting, there were 45 senators and vice presidents, but by the end, 30 remained, depriving it of quorum. “I have been here for four years and that was the first time I was legitimately ashamed to be a member of Duke Student Government,” senior Brian Hopkins, DSG’s president pro tempore, said at the meeting. In the final roll call from the senate meeting March 2, the record showed freshman Josh Curtis, senator for academic affairs, was present, when in fact he was one of the two senators that explicitly left to deprive the senate of a quorum. The other was freshman Michael Brunetti, senator for services. Both senators were referred to the SJC regarding the March 9 Senate meeting. The record also showed that senior Bryan Dinner, vice president for social culture, was not present when he in fact was still at the meeting. Since DSG had not been enforcing the policy that leaving early is the same as an unexcused absence, the Executive Board decided that executive secretaries should take attendance at the end as well as the beginning of meetings to ensure that Senators who leave early will be marked absent. The Board originally voted to put everyone who left early during the last meeting in bad standing for two weeks. However, the Board later decided that most senators are unaware that they are required to tell Guarco when they are leaving early. The discussion also noted that putting senators who left early in bad standing would include junior Michael Norwalk, vice president for facilities and environment, and junior George Mellgard, vice president for residential life. The Board eventually re-voted and decided to only put Curtis and Brunetti in bad standing.

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TUESDAY, MARCH 22, 2016 | 5

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TUESDAY, MARCH 22, 2016

MEN’S BASKETBALL

PLUMLEE ERA COMING TO A CLOSE Ryan Hoerger The Chronicle

The end of the era is coming. It might come as early as Thursday, when Duke runs up against topseeded Oregon in the Sweet 16. It might come two days later in the Elite Eight, or it might not come until the Blue Devils board a flight home from Houston with a second straight national championship in tow. Whenever that day does arrive, the last season of Plumlees at Duke will draw to a close. After eight straight years with at least one brother patrolling the sidelines, Duke head coach Mike Krzyzewski will not have that luxury next season. “Coach has done good job of treating every season like it’s your last. That being said, it’s hard to completely do that until it is your last,” Marshall Plumlee said earlier this year. “There’s time after the season to get sentimental. I just hope Duke’s enjoyed eight years of Plumlees at Duke.” The Warsaw, Ind., natives have been fixtures in the state of North Carolina for the last decade—first at Christ School in Arden, N.C., in the western part of the state—before making the leap to Durham, where at least one brother has started 193 of Duke’s last 293 games.

Chronicle File Photo The three Plumlee brothers—Miles, Mason and Marshall—have been fixtures on the sidelines and in the paint for eight straight years in Durham with Duke head coach Mike Krzyzewski, a streak that will end with the team’s NCAA tournament run this season.

But the era nearly did not get off the ground. Now with the Milwaukee Bucks in the NBA, Miles Plumlee is the oldest brother, but he was not the first Plumlee to commit to Duke. Mason—now a Portland Trail Blazer—blazed the trail to

Durham by announcing his decision in late February 2008, and later made room for his brothers to join him. Miles had signed a national letter of intent to play at Stanford, but things changed once then-Cardinal head coach Trent Johnson left Palo Alto to take the

job at Louisiana State. Stanford filled its vacancy with former Blue Devil star Johnny Dawkins, but the upheaval was enough to make Plumlee reconsider, and he wound up in Durham instead. Marshall—two years younger than See PLUMLEE on Page 8

BASEBALL

Blue Devils seek bounce-back win to wrap up homestand Brian Pollack The Chronicle After a thorough thrashing at the hands of North Carolina this weekend, the Blue Devils have no choice but to get right back on the grind. Duke closes out its 12-game homestand Tuesday, hosting East Carolina at the East Durham Bulls Carolina Athletic Park with vs. first pitch scheduled Duke for 6 p.m. The Blue Devils started off TUESDAY, 6 p.m. the homestand 5-3 Durham Bulls before being swept Athletic Park by the Tar Heels— three losses in which they were outscored by a combined 31-6 margin—and now need a victory against the Pirates just to escape with a .500 record. “It’s okay after a ballgame like this or after a weekend like this to feel frustrated, but in no way can that make you apathetic or complacent,” Duke

head coach Chris Pollard said after Sunday’s game. “You’ve got to work your butt off because it’s a long season, and the only way you turn this thing around is to grind it out.” For a young Duke squad, there are a lot of mistakes to correct after a weekend filled with errors and mishaps against a much more polished North Carolina team. The Blue Devils (10-10) dug themselves into 3-0 deficits before they even came to bat in each of the series’ final two games, and committed a total of nine errors across the 27 innings this weekend. Duke received more bad news during Saturday’s game, when left-handed starter Trent Swart exited after just one inning. Swart missed all of the 2015 season as he recovered from Tommy John surgery and was making a strong return to the mound this year, pitching to a 2.05 ERA in 22 innings before Saturday’s abbreviated outing. With no further updates on Swart’s availability moving forward, Pollard will See BASEBALL on Page 9

Henry Yu | The Chronicle Cornell transfer Kellen Urbon has been outstanding for the Blue Devils in midweek games this season, but will not start Tuesday against East Carolina as he prepares to step into the weekend rotation.

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TUESDAY, MARCH 22, 2016 | 7

MEN’S LACROSSE

Duke looks for offense to soar against Air Force Seth Johnson The Chronicle With back-to-back wins on their resume after dropping two straight games to open the month of March, the Blue Devils will look to close out nonconference play with another victory in their four-game homestand. No. 11 Duke will return to action after a two-day break Air Force at 7 p.m. Tuesday to take on Air Force at Koskinen vs. Stadium. The Blue No. 11 Devils dispatched Duke Georgetown 20-6 TUESDAY, 7 p.m. Saturday at home, Koskinen Stadium and will look to continue their newfound offensive prowess to ground the Falcons for the third consecutive year. “Right now as we leave spring break, there’s a confidence level that we didn’t have two weeks ago,” Duke head coach John Danowski said after Saturday’s win against the Hoyas. “There’s also an experience level— we’ve now played nine games, which is a lot…. We have a little more experience, a little more confidence, and it allows us as the weather gets nicer, hopefully that we can be playing our best here in the next month.” One of the biggest changes since the beginning of March for Duke (6-3) has been an outburst in offensive firepower. Against

Georgetown, the Blue Devils converted on an unprecedented 20-of-33 shots to blow out the visiting Hoyas and had three players record at least three goals. In the midst of its two-game losing streak, Duke struggled to find the back of the net for long spans of time that put them in a difficult position to rally. Against Harvard and Richmond, the Blue Devils were victims of 8-0 and 4-0 runs, respectively, but against Loyola March 12, the tide turned. Duke went on its own six-goal barrage to upend the Greyhounds, and continued to exploit the game of runs with four-, five- and eight-goal bursts against Georgetown. With nine games down, the Blue Devils have three players—sophomore Justin Guterding, junior Jack Bruckner and senior Deemer Class—with a team-high 23 goals to spread around the scoring. But the entire offense will have to get past Air Force goalkeeper Doug Gouchoe, who sports a 57.0 save percentage and allows an average of just 6.81 goals against. “I’m not sure it’s anything but hard work. Sometimes you’ve got to get knocked back—not only Harvard, I think the team needed to lose to Richmond to recognize that nothing is given to you in athletics, nothing is given to you in life and you earn everything that you get,” Danowski said. “That starts in practice, so maybe the focus in practice wasn’t as great, maybe we had to See M. LACROSSE on Page 9

Distinguished Speaker Series

Jesús Hidalgo | The Chronicle After scoring four goals in Duke’s 20-6 rout of Georgetown Saturday, senior Deemer Class and the rest of the Blue Devil offense will look to keep rolling against Air Force Tuesday.

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8 | TUESDAY, MARCH 22, 2016

MEN’S GOLF

Blue Devils capture first at Seahawk Invitational Staff Reports The Chronicle After failing to record a team victory through the first six months of the season, the Blue Devils have now captured a pair of tournament titles in two weeks. No. 21 Duke finished atop the two-day Seahawk Intercollegiate at the Country Club of Landfall-Nicklaus in Wilmington, N.C., by a seven-stroke margin after entering Monday with a one-stroke lead. Led by Matt Oshrine— who captured the individual title at sevenunder-par—the Blue Devils finished 14-underpar with a total score of 562 in the 36-hole tournament and posted the lowest round in the field during both days of competition. Oshrine started off strong in Sunday’s opening round and finished tied atop the leaderboard along with Army’s Marcus Plunkett with a four-under-par 68. The Baltimore native created separation on the final day of the tournament and grabbed hold of the lead for good, carding a three-underpar-69 on the last 18 holes. Oshrine came away with a two-stroke victory and matched the tournament record for 36 holes, and has now recorded back-to-back top-two finishes after finishing second in last weekend’s Cape Fear National Intercollegiate. The junior was chased all tournament by teammates Alex Smalley and Adam Wood, who

finished tied for third and sixth, respectively. The duo entered the final round tied after shooting identical two-under-par 70s Sunday, but Smalley finished two shots ahead of Wood with another 70 on Monday. Sophomore Jake Shuman and junior Max Greyserman rounded out Duke’s lineup, with Greyserman making a strong push in the final round after a first-round 80. Greyserman’s carded a one-under-par round Monday to jump from 70th place to 42nd for the tournament. Shuman finished with scores of 72 and 73 in his two rounds to finish tied for 16th at one-over-par. The Blue Devils also received solid performances from four players who competed as individuals. Sophomore Ben Silverman tied his best round of the season with a two-underpar 70 Sunday to enter the final day of play tied for seventh place. Silverman finished tied for 16th after shooting 75 to complete the tournament with a two-round score of 175. Juniors Alexander Matlari and Andrew Bieber also competed as individuals and finished tied for 21st and 40th, respectively. Freshman Shrish Dwivedi was the final Duke golfer to play the tournament as an individual and finished tied for 33rd place after finishing four-over-par during the two-day tournament. The Blue Devils will next take the course for The Hootie at Bull’s Bay Intercollegiate from April 3-5 at Bull’s Bay Golf Club in Awendaw, S.C.

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PLUMLEE from page 6 Mason—got the benefit of watching his brothers learn and grow—literally and figuratively—into fixtures on the block for the Blue Devils, and tried to translate some of what he saw into his own game at Christ School. “I thought ‘Holy crap, what have they done to him?’ They beefed him up,” Marshall Plumlee said of watching a more-muscular Miles play. “I’d come back and try to emulate what Coach wanted at the high-school level. I thought it was so cool, I felt like I had an advantage over my peers. I never thought my motivation would ever be higher than after watching a Duke game.” That motivation helped put Marshall on the map, drawing interest from the class of the ACC and Big Ten. Although his brothers had both chosen to come to Duke—Miles via a somewhat roundabout path—there was no guarantee the youngest Plumlee would follow in their footsteps. Marshall’s parents, Perky and Leslie, gave Marshall space and told him to do what he felt was best for him. But as the time to decide drew nearer, his brothers weighed in. “Miles was the one who kind of pulled me aside and said ‘Come on Marshall, it’s time to go to Duke,’” Marshall said. “Miles was a little more no-nonsense about it, and I think I needed that kick in the pants a little bit.” Miles and Mason started games in each of their four years at Duke, improving their season-averages every season and combining to provide Krzyzewski with nearly 14 feet of Plumlee in the paint to dissuade opposing teams from looking to score inside. By his senior season, Mason had turned into an All-American and Player of the Year candidate, averaging a monstrous double-double of 17.1 points and 10.0 rebounds per game while leading the Blue Devils to the Elite Eight. Marshall’s development was more methodical—he redshirted his freshman season and before this year had never started a game in a Duke uniform. He reached double-digit points just twice in his first three seasons on the floor, but has erupted this season to

The Chronicle average 8.4 points and 8.7 rebounds per game—an emergence that has been the product of both necessity and consistent development. “Marshall’s journey is a five-year journey and interrupted by injuries, especially timely injuries. He’s probably been our most important player this year, especially after Amile [Jefferson] got hurt,” Krzyzewski said earlier this season. “The amount of minutes he’s had to play in comparison to what he has played in his career is pretty remarkable.” Early in his career, Plumlee seemed to be too excited or moving too quickly for the game, and has acknowledged this season that the game has slowed down for him. But with Jefferson out for the year, Plumlee has been at times the player Krzyzewski can least afford to have off the floor, forcing the graduate student to learn to play through foul trouble and develop the same on-court smarts and self-control that he has learned through his ROTC training for service in the U.S. Army reserves. “He’s learned that, the discipline. I think that comes with understanding your importance like you can’t foul out. You cannot foul out,” Krzyzewski said. “There’s a discipline in the training room, in the recovery, a protocol that a player needs to learn that a team does, that you individually need to do.... Some kids will say ‘I don’t need to do that today.’ But before practice, he’s in there and he’s really taken great care of himself.” With eight years of home games in Durham, Perky and Leslie Plumlee have made plenty of road trips to watch their sons play at Duke. There may be at least one more—the fourth Plumlee sibling, Maddie, is a sophomore volleyball player at Notre Dame. When the Fighting Irish visit Durham, there will be one more opportunity to watch a Plumlee take the court at Cameron Indoor Stadium. “[They’ve put] a lot of miles on the car—and then the car gets too many miles and they pass it down to me,” Marshall Plumlee joked. If all goes well for the Blue Devils this week in Anaheim, Calif., the Plumlees may be able to fly to Houston, trying to secure a third ring in their eight-year run.

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Jesús Hidalgo | The Chronicle Graduate student Marshall Plumlee has averaged 8.4 points and 8.7 rebounds per game for Duke this season, a marked increase from his production in previous years.

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BASEBALL from page 6 shift Cornell transfer Kellen Urbon into the weekend rotation. Urbon has excelled in his role as a midweek starter to begin his Duke career, taking the mound four times against nonconference opponents without allowing a single earned run. Urbon came on in relief Sunday and tossed one inning against the Tar Heels, and Pollard said he could be available for an inning or two Tuesday—but the plan is for the Blue Devils to get their midweek ace ready for his first weekend start. “We told him before the game started today that...we don’t obviously know until tomorrow or potentially later in the week what Trent’s status might be, so we have to prepare Kellen as if he would start next Saturday,” Pollard said. “So the fact that he pitched the seventh, the fact that he’ll be a short-stint guy on Tuesday, is because we’re setting him up to be able to go on Saturday if necessary.” Without Urbon’s ability to eat up innings, Duke will instead piece together Tuesday’s game on the mound with a slew of relievers. The bullpen was already taxed during the weekend thanks to Swart’s brief outing and Pollard will likely need to use five or six different hurlers to navigate a potent East Carolina offense. James Ziemba and Karl Blum have been go-to options out of the bullpen for the Blue Devils so far this year, combining for 22 strikeouts in 21 innings. Tuesday will be an opportunity for many of Duke’s other relievers to get into a rhythm on the mound and establish themselves sudoku_525B as weapons moving

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M. LACROSSE from page 7

into the heart of conference play. “We’re going to run a lot of different arms and do kind of like what we did last year in the midweek—kind of wholestaff it—to try to give East Carolina some different looks, and we’ve got to do some things to get some guys going out of our bullpen a little bit,” Pollard said. “We’ve got to get Ryan Day more involved, we’ve got to get Jack Labosky more involved, so this midweek game will give us an opportunity to do that.” The Pirates (13-7) are hitting a robust .303 as a team—more than 50 points better than their opponents—and boast seven regulars hitting .285 or better. With 32 stolen bases on the year and no starters slugging better than .500, East Carolina’s offense is based more around speed and contact than power, which will put pressure on the Blue Devil defense to be fundamentally sound and make the plays it failed to this weekend. As Duke prepares to try and beat the Pirates for the first time in its last 14 tries, the team has a lot to work on. Pollard said the key for the Blue Devils will be communication, and confronting their weaknesses head-on so that they can be fixed moving forward. “You can’t be afraid to talk about the hard things that need to be talked about, and then you bust your tail,” Pollard said. “You outwork people, and none of the problems that we have can’t be fixed with better communication and with hard work, and we’re going to have both of those in abundance, and we’ve got to make sure that with young guys, that we don’t allow frustration to become apathy or complacency.”

ball a lot better, and we got great goalie play [against Georgetown]. Danny Fowler I think made nine saves, I think it was 75 percent save percentage, which might be his career-high. That is something that you just can’t help but smile about.” Even with a solid defense, the Blue Devils will have to play a complete game against the Falcons to prevent the visitors from snagging a win. After dropping two wins against top-20 teams to open the season—including a onepoint loss against No. 1 Denver—Air Force has been on a tear with six consecutive victories. But since the loss to Richmond, Duke has seemed like a different team in its own right and will look to build on the past two weeks to ride a wave of sudoku_525B momentum into conference Created by Peter Ritmeester/Presented by Will Shortz play next weekend. “I think we rallied around that loss [against 2 Harvard] and really came together and 7 8 4after reflected on ourselves,”9 Bruckner said 1 down and 3 went Saturday’s win. “We buckled 5 8 of putting the ball in back to the fundamentals 4 each others’ stick, and it’s plain and simple.”

work a little harder in practice.” On the other end of the field, Duke’s defensive unit will need to keep the Falcons (6-2) off the scoreboard long enough for the Blue Devil scorers to put the game away. Since the home loss to the Spiders, Danowski’s squad has allowed just six goals in each of the last two games. Much of the success stems from junior goalkeeper Danny Fowler’s ability to keep the ball from between the pipes. If Fowler can continue to add to his 81 saves on the year and improve his 52.9 save percentage against Air Force’s top goal scorers Chris Walsch and Christopher Allen—who have combined for 31 goals—then Duke could be in a good position to grab its seventh win. “Defensively, I think we’re starting to understand how to play team defense, which all starts with great individual technique out on the ball,” Danowski said. “We’re supporting the man who’s defending the

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ACROSS 1 Record label for Bing Crosby’s “White Christmas” 6 Greek R’s 10 Mets’ home before Citi Field 14 “Too rich for my blood” 15 Ice dam site 16 Brick carriers 17 Banned wrestling hold 19 Dr. ___, Austin Powers’s foe 20 Andrea ___, ship that sank in 1956 21 Big concert venue 22 Together, musically 25 Aid in accomplishing a goal 28 The Sunflower State 30 Actress Thompson of “Family” 31 Guest you might not want to stay for too long

32 Pop singer from 27-Down 34 Inits. on an airport uniform 37 “Don’t give up the fight!” 40 Workplace often surrounded by trailers 41 Seize (from) 42 Gives stars to, say 43 ___ to middling 44 Actress Anderson of “Baywatch” 45 Risk everything 50 Slippery 51 Gold star or silver medal 52 Realty listing data 54 The “B” in Roy G. Biv 55 Carved decoration on a ship’s prow … or a hint to the first word of 17-, 25-, 37- and 45-Across 60 Something you can see through

61 “Dark Sky Island” singer, 2015 62 “May the ___ be with you” 63 Coup d’___ 64 Indian royal 65 Many a middleschooler

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T H E I N D E P E N D E N T D A I LY AT D U K E U N I V E R S I T Y

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Bring back more than sunshine

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tudents returned to campus this weekend washing the sand from their hair and looking forward—in vain unfortunately—to showing off their tans with short sleeves and shorts. Many undoubtedly spent their time out of the country, on beautiful Caribbean beaches soaking up the sun and updating Instagram or sightseeing on quick jaunts to Europe. Before suitcases are unpacked and classes kick back into gear in the countdown to LDOC, now is a crucial time to reflect on what we should make of our favorite vacation spots such as Jamaica, the Bahamas and Cancun and their complex histories and rich cultures. We have to be responsible travelers and think about how we can become better global citizens even on our breaks, taking every opportunity to think beyond tourist traps to the political, social and cultural spaces we occupy. This message is not one of reprimand but rather a reminder that we can dream bigger in what we take away from our travels. Duke students are in unique positions compared to most. As we go further in life, we gain further influence over the industries, businesses, organizations and universities we

“So happy to see students and staff working together and taking a stand against this issue and holding the university accountable for its hypocrisy.” — “Mie3” commenting on the March 21 guest column “We demand the removal of 3 top university administrators”

LETTERS POLICY The Chronicle welcomes submissions in the form of letters to the editor or guest columns. Submissions must include the author’s name, signature, department or class, and for purposes of identification, phone number and local address. Letters should not exceed 325 words; contact the editorial department for information regarding guest columns. The Chronicle will not publish anonymous or form letters or letters that are promotional in nature. The Chronicle reserves the right to edit letters and guest columns for length, clarity and style and the right to withhold letters based on the discretion of the editorial page editor.

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Direct submissions to: E-mail: chronicleletters@duke.edu Editorial Page Department The Chronicle Box 90858, Durham, NC 27708 Phone: (919) 684-2663 Fax: (919) 684-4696

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AMRITH RAMKUMAR, Editor RYAN HOERGER, Sports Editor RACHEL CHASON, Co-News Editor RYAN ZHANG, Co-News Editor GAUTAM HATHI, Digital Content Director STEPHANIE WU, Office Manager CAROLYN CHANG, Photography Editor TOM VOSBURGH, Editorial Page Editor LEONARD GIARRANO, Editorial Board Chair MICHAEL LAI, Director Of Online Development

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make our careers at. To whom much is given, much is required. We owe it to ourselves and fellow Earth residents to be conscious of our world and to make active efforts to understand how we fit into larger communities. We hold the powerful American passport, especially during a time when countries the world over are struggling with immigration and refugee crises. There are huge complexities beneath and around the actions and freedoms we take

Editorial for granted; it is crucial that we take the time to appreciate and understand them. There is no doubt that tourism is an essential part of the economies of many destination cities and countries. Moving away from the beaches, foreigner bar areas and top TripAdvisor destinations is the first step to exploring the history of these regions and how America or European countries have affected their past, particularly in places that were previously colonized or militarily dominated. Take time to deepen your travel experiences with a day in the museums or a visit to historical landmarks.

Engage with your surroundings on more than a skin-deep level. Try to embody what it means to be a global citizen. There are upwards of seven billion people in the world and so much out there to learn and explore. Challenge your perceptions of cultures and places by resisting passivity and complacency in your hammock or beach house. To get a more holistic understanding of the global community, students need not even leave Durham. The refugees in our own backyard can bring insight into what nationhood means. Additionally, 14.5 percent of the Class of 2019 is international, and these students carry with them a breadth of knowledge of amazing regions of the world that can come out in great cultural exchanges. The gap between you and the world outside our borders is never too vast to traverse. See the opportunities to expand your worldview and enrich your own perspectives and approaches to people and problems. Our time in university is relatively short, and there will not likely be another time in our life where it is this easy to learn so much from those around us and share what we learn. Take advantage of it. One of the most important things that comes out of your college experience is yourself.

Why going to college matters

onlinecomment

Est. 1905

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10 | TUESDAY, MARCH 22, 2016

ALEX GRIFFITH, University Editor NEELESH MOORTHY, Local & National Editor SANJEEV DASGUPTA, News Photography Editor GEORGIA PARKE, Recess Editor JESÚS HIDALGO, Recess Photography Editor BRIAN POLLACK, Sports Managing Editor NICK MARTIN, Towerview Editor THU NGUYEN, Towerview Creative Director CARLEIGH STIEHM, Senior Editor RITA LO, Graphic Design Editor DANI LAZARUS, Recruitment Chair ADAM BEYER, Senior News Reporter GRACE WANG, Senior News Reporter JULIE MOORE, Creative Director

The Chronicle is published by the Duke Student Publishing Company, Inc., a non-profit corporation independent of Duke University. The opinions expressed in this newspaper are not necessarily those of Duke University, its students, faculty, staff, administration or trustees. Unsigned editorials represent the majority view of the editorial board. Columns, letters and cartoons represent the views of the authors. To reach the Editorial Office at 301 Flowers Building, call 684-2663 or fax 684-4696. To reach the Business Office at 1517 Hull Avenue call 684-3811. To reach the Advertising Office at 2022 Campus Drive call 684-3811. One copy per person; additional copies may be purchased for .25 at The Chronicle Business office at the address above. @ 2016 Duke Student Publishing Company

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n America, earning a college degree is critical to good economic prospects and a higher quality of life. Americans with more education typically earn significantly higher wages and are far more likely to be employed than those who have no post-secondary education. Among the employed, the median college-educated worker earns 84 percent more than the median worker with only a high school education. The benefits of post-secondary education extend beyond those who graduate from four-year universities; Americans with just some college and no degree or an associate’s degree earn 16 percent more than if they had

the present college advising and admissions programming at each partner high school. Duke advisers work with a range of students; some who are college-bound but need advice and support to choose the right college, as well as students who never thought college was possible for them. It is important to note that Duke advisers are not an extension of the Duke Admissions Office. We also do not focus on getting students into the most elite colleges and universities; rather, Duke Advisers seek to increase the rate at which students apply to, are admitted to, and enroll in “match” colleges that fit their academic profile and meet their financial and personal needs.

Girija Mahajan GUEST COLUMN not attained this education. Yet, too many high school students are not applying to or going to college. This is especially true among America’s highest need students: first-generation college-going, low-income, and/or underrepresented students. While half of all people from high-income families have a bachelor’s degree by age 25, just 1 in 10 people from low-income families do. High-need students receive the least assistance in the college admissions process. Not only is the national student-to-adviser ratio over 450:1, high-need students often lack the guidance and support they need to prepare for and apply to college. Duke College Advising Corps (DCAC) works in 16 central North Carolina high schools to provide the support for 3,856 seniors to navigate the college admissions process and encourage 14,815 students to pursue postsecondary education upon graduation. A DCAC adviser’s primary responsibility is to assist seniors with the complex processes of college admissions and matriculation and securing financial aid. Additionally, DCAC advisers work to foster a college-going culture within the schools they serve, which is one of the best predictors of whether students will pursue higher education. Advisers become part of their school’s community. They collaborate with teachers and administrators to tie collegegoing into the life of a school, devise creative approaches to reach and connect with students, and most importantly, open the eyes of students and their families to the possibility of college. Equally imperative, advisers supplement, not replace, existing high school counseling staff, thereby reaching more students. We are deeply committed to building upon

Our partner high schools are incredibly appreciative of the extra support and the holistic approach to advising. “Duke CAC partnership is one of the best opportunities that will directly influence the educational advancement of all students in our four comprehensive high schools,” said Col. Tommy M. Macon, Assistant Superintendent for Academics and Student Services with Sampson County Schools. “We are very fortunate to have this opportunity in this time of scarce resources. This partnership, at no cost to the school system, will without a doubt benefit students, teachers and parents,” Macon said. “Through this partnership, our students will receive more one-on-one assistance and support to plan and prepare for their high school careers and post-secondary prospects.” DCAC Advisers serve high schools in the following North Carolina counties: Caswell, Person, Durham, Wake, Lee, Johnston and Sampson. We are extremely proud that of the current 16 DCAC Advisers, 50 percent were the first in their families to attend college, 56 percent identify as people of color, and 75 percent were Pell Eligible during their undergraduate studies at Duke. They represent a variety of academic disciplines, extra-curricular involvement and future professional pathways. We are currently recruiting outstanding Duke undergraduate alums from the classes of 2013, 2014, 2015, and 2016 to join our 2016-17 cohort, and we encourage you to attend our upcoming information session on Wednesday, March 23 from 5 p.m. to 6 p.m. in the Student Life Conference Room in the Bryan Center. Girija Mahajan is the Program Director of the College Advising Corps.

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any of the problems Donald Trump has focused on in his campaign are not fictitious. To claim so only further alienates a segment of the American population who already feels forgotten by our political system.Though the real estate tycoon identifies legitimate issues, his proposed solutions not only fail to deal with their targets; they also generate enormous collateral damage. Recent research has shown that trade with China has had a negative impact on

order. Amongst other responses, Donald Trump has called for a temporary ban on Muslims entering the United States. Such a policy, by offending all Muslims, would seriously undermine efforts to create a coalition with more moderate Arab nations, something that is necessary in order to address exigent regional problems. Further, it would reinforce Jihadist organizations’ narrative about the irreconcilable conflict between Western civilization and Islam, thereby aiding their recruiting efforts and

The cost of “free” speech

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he “free speech” vs. “political correctness” debate rages on. Liberals claim that there is no issue—that “free speech” is just a rightwing red-herring used to justify bigotry. Meanwhile, conservatives bemoan the dreaded “PC Police” and its alleged chilling effects on rational discourse. To them, PC is just doublethink preventing critical appraisal of minority groups. I used to be far left on this issue, even writing an articlearguing that unrestricted free speechis dangerous

Julian Keeley

Ted Yavuzkurt

INDIVIDUALS AND INSTITUTIONS

TED TALKS

employment for low-skill Americans that is larger and more lasting than previously expected. Further, with unprecedented levels of global financial integration, one country’s currency devaluation does indeed have significant repercussions for others. Unfortunately, Donald Trump’s rhetoric on trade is nonsensical at best. He talks about our trade deficits with China and Mexico as if they were gifts the United States is making to these foreign countries. He therefore wields them as leverage, threatening tariffs in the absence of compliance with certain demands. Of course, these tariffs would impose costs on China and Mexico, but the vulnerability is symmetric. These trade deficits arise due to the large amount of goods and services—valued by Americans—that these foreign countries can produce more cheaply and effectively. Imposing tariffs on these imports reverses the trend of globalization towards a greater quantity and quality of goods available to American consumers at lower prices. But the costs of these tariffs are not limited to higher prices. Frédéric Bastiat, a 19th century liberal, quipped that “when goods are not allowed to cross borders, soldiers will.” The economic integration and spread of free trade over the course of the 20th century has helped inaugurate the most peaceful time in our history as the world has become interlinked through commerce. The European Union—where goods and labor move freely across country’s borders without tariffs or restrictions— was created in large part to bring peace to the continent responsible for starting both world wars. Latin Americans have been greatly enriched by free trade with the United States and the favorability with which they view their northern neighbor is highly linked to the per capita GDP in their countries. The interdependence of the American and Chinese economies has helped maintain a relatively stable relationship between the two powers. Just as the United States has complained about China’s currency manipulation, many countries have grievances with the implications that the Fed’s monetary policy has for their capital flows and currency valuations. What needs to be done is not the make the international trading system less open, as Trump’s protectionist policies would do, but to make it increasingly rules-based by increasing the authority and legitimacy of multilateral organizations who can adjudicate these disputes such as the IMF and WTO. Radical Islam—with its violent methods and expansionist goals—is a serious threat to national security, as well as to the international state system that must underlie any peaceful world

enflaming their ideological fervor. The support Trump has voiced for other techniques—the targeted killing of terrorists’ families and an increase in the use and the severity of interrogation methods such as waterboarding—would likely have similar effects. The consequences of such proposals are not limited to setbacks in the War on Terror. If America wants to preserve its openness and tolerance, as well as lead the effort for the universal adoption of these liberal values (in the classical sense), it cannot afford to even contemplate these discriminatory policies. To do so would give the United States a label of hypocrisy that could haunt it for years to come. Another issue Donald Trump has been very vocal about is the growing trend of political correctness. This phenomenon has indeed stifled productive and intellectual debate by precluding individuals from expressing controversial (and usually, conservative) views through the use of social pressure and other coercive measures. Related to this issue is the perceived liberal bias in mainstream media. However, Mr. Trump’s approach to these problems is again reckless and ineffective. Trump encourages his supporters to physically abuse nonviolent protesters. He responds to Megyn Kelly and many others who have voiced substantive concerns about his ability to lead the country with offtopic and abrasive comments. In short, Trump is guilty of the same faults as the progressive radicals leading the political correctness movement, namely, the use of verbal and physical abuse against those who disagree with him rather than constructive dialogue. Even more frightening is Trump’s proposal to revise the country’s libel laws so that he can sue those who publish “false” claims about him. Trump’s exploitation of fear—in this case the concerns many have about the liberal media being untruthful and manipulative— to increase his power at the expense of Constitutional authority is indicative of a troubling autocratic inclination. America’s greatness derives from its success in securing the benefits of democracy while avoiding many of its greatest dangers. For most of its history, enlightened leaders—capable of grasping and communicating complicated ideas to the people—have succeeded over populists who prey on the peoples’ fears and intellectual frailties. When these populists have managed to influence the policymaking process (Smoot-Harley, unit banking), the consequences have been disastrous. To elect one to the highest office in the country is a mistake we simply cannot afford to make. Julian Keeley is a Trinity junior. His column runs on alternate Tuesdays.

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in the information age. Since then, I’ve become more moderate because I no longer see it simplistically. I’ve realized that free expression is vital, and that it comes at a cost. Someone I respect once asked me this: if I must choose between right and wrong, am I faced with an ethical dilemma? I said yes, I would be. He disagreed. To him, there is only a dilemma when one must choose between wrong and wrong. That’s how I see this debate.I second Nicholas Kristof’s sentiment here. Two important principles are in conflict. There is thus no universally right answer—only situational and subjective ones. Free expression is a cornerstone of our democracy. It is more than a legal affirmationwritten in the First Amendment. It is a societal imperative to protect the voices of all—yes, all—people. This means that some people will abuse their privilege to spread hate, or to demean and hurt others. This may infringe on the rights ofhistorically marginalized minority groups. Here is where the conflict lies. How can we both build a more inclusive society and protect the need for free expression? Since we are dealing with a value conflict, we must find a democratic solution based on the group conscience of all citizens. This works well in situations where there is near universal agreement, such as harassment and direct incitement to violence. In cases like these, judicial precedent is clear: such speech is not protected. Beyond this, there are forms of legally protected speech that most of us would agree are distasteful and unwelcome, such as the use of racial epithets. This democratic decision-making breaks down when speech is notobviously hateful. What about a reasoned critique of the Black Lives Matter movement? What about a conservative Christian sharing that she doesn’t support gay marriage? What about someone who criticizes radical Islam? In these situations, we tend to go with our gut. Unfortunately, that means our responses are highly subjective. We definite “hate speech” the way Justice Potter Stewartdefined pornography: “I know it when I see it.” Here are questions I find myself asking: does speech become hateful based on content or on motivation? As in, would a speciously sensible criticism ofblack protestorsbecome hate speech if andonly if the motive behind it were steeped in white supremacy? If so, how do we uncoversuch a motive, especially given that itmay be implicit? Should racially or culturally insensitive speech be permitted, but only in an environment where it can be challenged? For example, should we permit a speaker who is critical of Islam provided there is

someone to give a dissenting view? Or does “countering” speech mean showing up in force and staging a protest? I could continue. These are hard questions, and I am not about to claim to have a solution. Having spent months contemplating this issue, my view has become more moderate precisely because it is so difficult to find satisfactory answers. That said, I have come to realize that open discourse is absolutely essential, even for ideas I dislike. The key words here are “open

discourse.” A problem arises when the discussion is closed or non-existent. This is why activists like Pamela Geller (who arranged the infamous “Draw Muhammad” party) and the cartoonists at Charlie Hebdo were wrong: they acted within their rights, but they did not encourage helpful dialogue; they merely fomented anger. That is why I still support the banning of racist and hateful communities on websites like Reddit. They do not violate the First Amendment. Rather, they concentrate people in an echo-chamber where their views are never confronted. This only makes their beliefs stronger via a social-psychological process called “group polarization.” Liberal causes are also vulnerable to polarization. This is why it is wrong to ban or silence speakers with whom we disagree (via a “Heckler’s Veto”). We may be taking a stand that day, but we are not changing anyone’s mind. We are ensuring that our views go uncontested, while we force potentially harmful beliefs underground to fester. We are preventing their exposure to reasoned discourse and argument. This is a self-defeating strategy that leads to the ideological chasms we see in society today. The only way to truly dismantle dangerous beliefs is to air them in an atmosphere where they can be vigorously challenged. This is the harder road. I wish that everyone would see things my way. It’s tiresome to provide justification for truths that, to me, are self-evident. As much as I wish it weren’t so, however, I know that I must do so. Burying my head in the sand and shouting down anyone who disagrees with me is not only ineffective—it is actively counterproductive. I know this, and yet I am often still motivated to attack people who disagree with me. Why? Because I’m afraid. I’m afraid that others will listen to them, putting me in a vulnerable position. It seems easier to suppress their voice than to try and counter it. The problem is, one day I may have to express an opinion that will trigger that same fear in someone else. If their right to expression is not sacrosanct, thenneither is mine. I must be willing to pay this cost. I must accept the possibility that harmful viewswill find an audiencein order to protect my own right to speak. I must also accept the reality that despite my best efforts, I cannot win everyone over. This is the real cost of freedom of expression. It is heavy, but it is undeniably better than the alternative. If we capriciously sacrifice our freedom today, what will happen to the progressives of tomorrow who can no longer speak openly? I shudder to imagine. Ted Yavuzkurt is a Trinity senior. His column runs on alternate Tuesdays. If you have a comment for him, he can be reached at tdy@ duke.edu.

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SIEGEL from page 2 Court justice. There is also an irrational hatred of the president, and anything they can do to stop him, foil him and deny him a victory is what they will do even if it is in their best interests. TC: Do you think the vacancy of a spot on the Supreme Court will mobilize voters during the election? NS: I think it will. I think this election is about much bigger things. I think it will be more in their minds than usual, and it has turned into a major issue in the election since this particular vacancy is huge, and the Republicans are saying that the American people should decide this. The courts mobilize voters, more so the Republican base than the Democratic base. Even for the Democratic base, this is a big deal, and it is perceived to be a bigger deal than usual due to the unanticipated passing of Justice Scalia and the possibility that as many as three judges will step down Ian Jaffe | The Chronicle over the next four years. For the next year at least, the Approximately 300 faculty will be represented by the Service Employees International Union. incumbent will have the advantage.

UNION RALLY from page 1 Students and faculty who spoke at the rally said they hope to expand the unionization to include regular rank, non-tenure track professors—including professors of the practice, research professors and lecturers—who were excluded from the voting process after an agreement with the University was reached. “We’re next,” said Jaybird O’berski, assistant professor of the practice in the theater department. “I’m really excited about this victory for adjunct faculty, because their concerns were especially grievous, so they needed a union the most. We’re hoping to ride the momentum and include regular-rank faculty soon.” O’berski explained that regular-rank faculty would be their own bargaining unit with the SEIU if they were to become a part of the organization. He said that the Duke administration considers regular-rank, non-tenure track faculty as “managerial” and that if the two groups were lumped together there would be more pushback from the University. The unionization effort garnered support from numerous community activist groups including Fight for $15, which aims to raise the minimum wage to $15 dollars per hour; The Durham People’s Alliance, a local citizen watchdog group; and UE local 150, the North Carolina Public Service Workers Union. Additionally, the initiative previously received support from the Durham City Council, which passed a resolution March 10 to express support for Duke faculty members right to petition for greater benefits. City Council member Jillian Johnson, Trinity ’03, remarked that higher wages for Duke faculty benefit the city by increasing the long-term investment in the community through increased job security. “Because Duke is the biggest employer in Durham, what happens here really has a huge impact on the city,” Johnson said. “We have a group of people who are now able to have a collective voice and bargain together to try and improve their working conditions, and that is really something that the community can celebrate.” Several speakers expressed desire to expand the unionization efforts to other campuses throughout the state and region. Altha Cravey, associate professor of geography at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, said she hopes the successful faculty unionization at Duke will inspire similar success at UNC and noted that North Carolina is a historically difficulty state for workers to organize in. She said that North Carolina is a place that is so hostile to organization that the state is always 49th or 50th for union organizing. “This is a historic day,” Cravey said to the crowd gathered on the Chapel steps. “Your victory is a victory for workers standing together in solidarity in the U.S. South. Your victory is a victory for all working people in North Carolina. Your victory is a victory for faculty across the country.” Junior Zoe Willingham, president of Duke United Students Against Sweatshops, also described the victory as a “meaningful step forward” for the Duke community, noting that she hopes it will campus become more transparent and give professors a larger voice. Willingham also explained that she has heard that professors will focus on pushing for better pay and improved health care coverage, among other things. Freshman Tala Fakhoury also voiced her support for the union, explaining that when she first came to Duke she had a “perfect image” of the University, but has quickly realized the difficulties many faculty face. “Honestly, what better way is there to work on enhancing our academic experience than to start with helping our very own professors?” Fakhoury said. Neelesh Moorthy contributed reporting.