March 1, 2016

Looking to bounce back

Q&A w/ Brodhead, Rubenstein Duke’s president and Board of Trustees chair reflect on the University’s direction | Page 2

Blue Devils look to get back on track at home against Wake Forest | Sports Page 6

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ONE HUNDRED AND ELEVENTH YEAR, ISSUE 85

Employees describe hostile, discriminatory environment in PTS

Photo Illustration by Lily Coad, Alex Deckey and Sophie Turner | The Chronicle Employees claimed that the atmosphere within the Parking and Transportation Services department office, pictured above, is hostile under PTS Director Carl DePinto.

Amrith Ramkumar and Rachel Chason The Chronicle This story is part two in a two-part investigative series. Part one, which ran Monday, examines an August 2014 incident in which Executive Vice President Tallman Trask hit a contract parking employee, Shelvia Underwood, with his car and allegedly used a racial slur as he drove off. The incident involving Tallman Trask is connected to a larger problem within Duke’s administration and the Parking and Transportation Services department, current and former members of PTS said. The Chronicle spoke with 12 current and former members of PTS, who described the environment within the department as hostile and its current leadership as discriminatory. Renee Adkins, former special events

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manager for PTS, wrote an email to President Richard Brodhead Jan. 15 describing a culture of “racism, harassment, retaliation and bullying” in the department fostered by PTS Director Carl DePinto and Vice President for Administration Kyle Cavanaugh. Several employees noted that in the parking division of PTS in particular, a disproportionate number of black employees have been terminated since DePinto arrived in October 2014. Adkins wrote in the email to Brodhead that after Trask hit Shelvia Underwood, there was neither a public administrative response nor a thorough investigation by Duke University Police Department. DUPD is overseen by Cavanaugh, who reports to Trask. Adkins added that the event was one of “innumerable incidents” in which she and members of her staff were called “n*****, coon, porch monkey, bull dagger and dyke

while working Duke special events.” These occurrences were all “swept under the rug” by administrators, Adkins wrote. After initially not responding to a request for comment, Cavanaugh—who also oversees PTS and Human Resources, among other departments—provided The Chronicle with a statement on behalf of the leadership of PTS and HR. In the statement, Cavanaugh wrote that although he cannot comment on the circumstances of individual cases, any complaints have been “thoroughly investigated and resolved.” Brodhead and DePinto did not respond to The Chronicle’s multiple requests for comment. Ben Reese, vice president for institutional equity, and Cynthia Clinton, director of harassment and discrimination prevention and compliance for the Office of Institutional Equity, declined to comment.

‘Anything I said was wrong’ Adkins, who was one of the first people who heard that Underwood had been hit, said she was not surprised by administrators’ lack of response following the incident. Adkins said she told one fellow co-worker, who wished not to be identified for fear of retaliation, “This is Duke University. She is black, I am black and they’re not going to do anything.” After working at Duke for more than 18 years, Adkins—who knew so many people that coworkers said she was called “the mayor”—was terminated for insubordination Jan. 23, 2015, after asking DePinto to “please shut up” when he talked over her repeatedly. She said DePinto was writing her up for incidents that had occurred more than a month before and interrupted her when she attempted to offer an explanation and proof that the issues See PTS on Page 3

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Brodhead, Rubenstein discuss University’s future say he was one of the more modest Nobel Prize winners I’ve ever met. He came in and introduced himself and said thank you. RB: He said ‘Other people deserve all the credit.’

Amrith Ramkumar and Rachel Chason The Chronicle Following Saturday’s Board of Trustees meeting, in which a 3.8 percent increase in undergraduate tuition was approved, The Chronicle’s Rachel Chason and Amrith Ramkumar spoke with President Richard Brodhead and David Rubenstein, Trinity ’70 and chair of the Board of Trustees, after the meeting about the tuition increase, other meeting notes and the University’s long-term goals.

Q & A

The Chronicle: The February meeting is normally one for strategic planning. How would you say that process went today? Richard Brodhead: It was a really good meeting, but the funny thing is that if you say, ‘Prove it and give me a headline,’ the nature of how good it was means we don’t have a lot of headlines. ‘Great trustee meeting yields few headlines’ would actually be the truest headline you could publish. David Rubenstein: When we have a retreat like today, we spend time on the more strategic issues and not so much on the day-to-day. It gives people a sense of where the University is going. I’m on too many boards—I’m on 30 nonprofit boards—and this is by the far most collegial board I have worked on. It’s amazing how many people actually show up. We have 37 people, and only two were missing. On the Board people take it very seriously—they fly in from California or wherever they need to

TC: The new undergraduate and graduate Young Trustees were recently elected. What have the Young Trustees currently on the Board been contributing in meetings? DR: The Young Trustees have a lot to say, and they’re actually really listened to. People are really paying attention to them and considering what they have to say. The Young Trustee process worked quite well. I think we may have more young trustees than any other major university.

Sanjeev Dasgupta | Chronicle File Photo President Richard Brodhead noted that Duke is always trying to strike a balance between the University experience and affordability.

come from. It’s a very cohesive board that gets along very well and is a very diverse board. We want to make sure we’re the best University that we can be given our resources. We want to make sure that we’re prepared for the next 10 or 15 years, and that the experience is good for the faculty, for the administrators, for the students and also that the alums stay engaged. We’re trying to balance making sure that the day-to-day life for students is good and that we are preparing for the next generations.

report in April. They had an interim assessment, but no definitive recommendations yet. RB: All the members of the committee have made themselves available to meet with lots of people in different schools, and I think that has been much appreciated. We want to take the proper time to understand these things and figure out what the best actions are— that’s not the same as saying, ‘Let’s take a lot of time to do nothing.’ Everyone is committed to finding possible ways to improve.

TC: The co-chairs of the task force on bias TC: Nobel laureate Paul Modrich also and hate issues presented to the Trustees, how spoke to the Board today, what were the did that conversation go? Trustees’ impressions of the Nobel Prize DR: The two co-chairs reported to the winner? Board, and they’re going to complete their DR: Paul Modrich came in, and I would

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TC: One of the most important long-term goals of the University is to sustain Duke Kunshan University. Did DKU come up at all during the meeting? RB: I spent eight days in China in January, so I did a long update. I talked about going to the National Science Foundation and the Chinese Academy and the way that DKU is beginning to be embraced by Chinese entities that will be sources of intellectual partnerships and even research funding. We’re deep in it. The Trustees are very attentive to this—people follow this very carefully, as of course they should. DB: I think it’s going to be an important part of Duke. Going forward, if you’re not connected to China in some way, you’re not really a global force because China will be the biggest country in the world in terms of its economy and population and so forth in our lifetimes. We made an early effort to connect with China, and we did it in a way that was See Q&A on Page 3

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Q&A from page 2 different from a lot of other universities. Our willingness to build a university from scratch is getting a lot of attention in China. It seems to be working so far, but there’s a lot of work to be done. TC: The tuition increased by 3.8 percent for the second straight year and is approaching $50,000. Is there a point at which you expect those increases to stop? RB: We’re always trying to strike a balance between affordability and the rich experience people want when they come to a school like this, and that takes investment. Our policy has always been to mitigate the cost increases through financial aid increases, and our increase in the financial aid budget is always significantly higher than our increase of the tuition, and that’ll be true this year. Of all the subjects we discuss, the single one about which the Trustees are most passionate is the topic of need-based financial aid. There was a very long discussion of that today, and how exactly it works and who it reaches and questions that could be asked about long-term scenarios or even long-term threats to such a system. If I were a student I would be quite surprised to see how very uniformly high the degree of passion, of commitment to need-blind admission and needbased financial aid is. TC: Another major long-term initiative for the Board is obviously construction. What have the Trustees thought about the projects that have been completed so far, and what are they looking forward to? DR: It wasn’t an intentional thing to rebuild the campus. We didn’t say five or 10 years ago that we need to refresh the campus and let’s start a giant campaign, but every single area seemed to need something. We began to work on things building to building, area

to area, and at some point it came together that we were reconstructing a large part of the campus. I think what will happen is that you and your successors will have a very modern campus—with traditional architecture but very new facilities. RB: Duke used to have some very beautiful buildings that were very crumby inside. Five or six years ago we were just coming out of the biggest financial downturn since 1929, so none of us saw this coming, but it turned out to be possible. We had a coalescence of great architecture, the means to do it and the need to do [construction], and now these things will never need to be done again. West Union will be good for 80 or 90 years—these are real longterm investments. I know that it is irritating to experience construction day-by-day—I know this because I have a construction project outside my house—but when they’re done, I never heard anyone walk into the Rubenstein Library and say, ‘Aw, why didn’t they leave it the way it was.’ It’s not an upgrade, it’s the creation of a new university inside the shell of an old one. TC: In addition to the ongoing curriculum review process, a major topic among faculty right now is unionization. What have you thought about the recent efforts by faculty to gain the ability to negotiate with the University by forming a union? RB: It’s a choice people are free to make. The choice is: do you want to try to strike terms for yourself, or would you rather have a group of people represented by the union strike terms for you? Historically, everyone in the world would have to say that there were periods where unions were incredibly productive and necessary forces, but there are other circumstances where people might make the other choice. The University is free to have it’s own point of view, but we certainly would not coerce anyone to have that, so we have respected people’s rights.

TUESDAY, MARCH 1, 2016 | 3

PTS from page 1 he described had been resolved. “I was insubordinate, and I don’t deny that,” Adkins said. “But people have done far worse and kept their jobs. I dedicated 18 and a half years to this University, and I loved it. To be treated the way I was treated was horrible.” Several other staff members said DePinto also talked over them and ignored their suggestions and questions. They added that DePinto seemed to target Adkins and those close to her in the department. “Anything I did, he was dead set against it. Anything I did was wrong,” Adkins said. “The first thing they’re going to say is that I’m disgruntled, but I’m not disgruntled. I’m in a better place now, but because I’m in a better place doesn’t mean my former colleagues are in a better place.” Adkins said the punishment she received for

her insubordination—termination—seemed undeservedly harsh. She cited an incident in which Reymond Milan, a former parking events specialist who identified himself as Hispanic, angrily yelled and cursed at DePinto, but was neither terminated nor punished. Milan confirmed that in April 2015, he was upset about responsibilities being taken away from him and entered DePinto’s office and yelled at the director so loudly that “everyone in the office heard me.” “I thought I was going to be fired the next day, and I could’ve been fired,” Milan said. “I was insubordinate.” Adkins appealed her termination, but it was upheld after an arbitration hearing in October 2015. The list of expectations of conduct and performance on the Duke Human Resources website recommends a “final written warning” as the sanction for insubordination rather than See PTS on Page 4

Graphic by Gautam Hathi | The Chronicle The graphic above illustrates how the Parking and Transportation Services department is separated between two divisions—parking and transit.

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PTS from page 3 termination, but states that “Duke reserves the right to affect immediate termination, if such action is deemed necessary.” Adkins said she did not receive any written warning before she was terminated. Milan said he testified on Adkins’ behalf during her arbitration. He said that after the arbitration, he felt intimidated by leadership and thought his job was at risk every day. He said once he was able to find another job in November 2015, he left the department. “All we wanted to do was our jobs, and they didn’t want that,” Milan said. ‘Everyone was walking on eggshells’ Current and former members of PTS interviewed by The Chronicle—both those who had worked closely with Adkins and those who had not—described the environment within Special to The Chronicle PTS as hostile. Former lead transit supervisor Marian Brown, who worked at Renee Adkins served as special events manager for PTS for more than a decade. Many current and former employees said she was Duke for 23 years, said that during the last six to seven months before her departure in August 2015, the office was “like a powder forced out of the department by PTS Director Carl DePinto.

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The Chronicle keg, like everyone was walking on eggshells.” Employees stated that after his arrival, DePinto never articulated goals or expectations for the department and rarely spoke to employees. The employees also suggested that DePinto particularly discriminated against employees of color. “Carl just came in with some sort of an agenda,” said Brown, who is black. “The sense was that he was supposed to remove the people of color.” Joyce Wagner, who said she was the only white transit supervisor in the department, also said that most of the people DePinto let go were black, and that she did not “know of any white people that he let go.” The Chronicle received no response to a request sent to multiple PTS administrators for an official demographics report. According to a spreadsheet containing unofficial PTS demographics provided by Adkins, there were five black employees in the 17-person parking division of the department in January 2015. As of February 2016, there were zero black parking employees and 14 total parking employees listed. The number of white parking employees increased from 10 to 13 during the same period. In February 2016, according to the unofficial demographics, 76 percent of employees in the transit division, including bus drivers, van drivers and mechanics, were black. The demographics provided did not include information on transit employees from previous years. Current and former employees said that in addition to disproportionate numbers of black employees being forced out by DePinto, black employees were also subjected to specific instances of discrimination while they worked in the department. Several black employees said that after years of using cell phones provided by the University while working events, DePinto and Melissa Harden, assistant director of PTS, asked them to turn their phones in but allowed white employees to keep their phones. Harden did not respond to multiple requests for comment from The Chronicle. In an email to Clinton May 21, 2015, Adkins wrote that DePinto granted her and her staff less overtime than other PTS members—noting that they would receive two or three hours of overtime for basketball games. Other employees would receive between six and eight hours for the same games, Adkins wrote. Adkins wrote in an email to The Chronicle that in an annual performance evaluation from June 2015, DePinto rated all but one white person who reported to him “S” or “S+.” Every person of color who reported to DePinto was rated “S-,” Adkins wrote. One former employee, who wished not to be identified for fear of retaliation, wrote in an email that these performance ratings directly impact merit increases—defined by Duke HR as pay increases based on performance evaluations. The former employee added that all ratings were reviewed and approved by Cavanaugh. Brown added that DePinto treated employees like they were ignorant and would say things such as, “Let me dumb it down for you.” She said that she left the department after hearing from another employee that she was on DePinto’s “hit list.” Wagner, who worked at the University for 22 years, said she also retired because she felt like she might be terminated by DePinto. “The man himself came in with an attitude—my way or the highway,” Wagner said. Administrative response In her email to Brodhead, Adkins asked the president to meet in person about the Trask incident and the complaints employees had raised—noting that she had twice before requested meetings but had been told by his assistant that he was “too busy.” Richard Riddell, vice president and University secretary, replied to Adkins’ email Jan. 20, five days after she had sent it, stating that the incident with Trask and the parking attendant had been investigated, and that the allegations against Trask could not See PTS on Page 5

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Special to The Chronicle PTS Director Carl DePinto is accused of maintaining a hostile, discriminatory environment in the department.

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PTS from page 4 be verified due to insufficient evidence. Riddell’s email did not address Adkins’ concerns about the hostility within the PTS department. Cavanaugh’s statement to The Chronicle on behalf of PTS and HR noted that the University has initiated “a number of changes in PTS to address longstanding challenges related to customer service, costs, facilities, vehicles and communication issues.” He wrote that new leadership is implementing the changes, and that he is encouraged by “positive progress” being made within the department. “Change can be unsettling for some,” Cavanaugh wrote. “But any employee—including an employee who believes he or she has been discriminated against personally—is encouraged to access established complaint channels both within and outside of Duke. Those channels are in place for the precise purpose of objectively sorting out employee complaints.” He noted that any complaints that have been brought to HR, OIE, the U.S. Equal Employment Opportunity Commission or to independent arbitration have been investigated and resolved. Complaints unanswered Several current and former PTS staff stated that they went through the “established complaint channels” described by Cavanaugh— including HR, OIE and the EEOC—but received little in the way of helpful response. “Nothing gets done, nothing happens,” Milan said. “Carl gets away with everything because the person above him is allowing it. I know it’s Kyle Cavanaugh.” One current employee, who wished not to be identified for fear of retaliation, said there is “no recourse for us to go have open conversations with Kyle [Cavanaugh] or anyone else” to address the issues within the department.

Graphic by Dottie Kontopoulos | The Chronicle The graphic above illustrates how Kyle Cavanaugh reports to Tallman Trask. Cavanaugh oversees PTS, DUPD and human resources, all of which have been involved with employees’ claims about discrimination.

Wagner said that once Adkins, Kareem Cross—a former black parking services assistant in the department—and Gilbert Singleton—a black transit supervisor who worked at the University for 13 years—were fired, she saw “the writing on the wall” and went to talk to HR about early retirement. “We all felt like [DePinto] pushed us out the door,” Wagner said. “We didn’t want to go, but it looked like we didn’t have a choice.” Like Adkins, Cross said he had never received a complaint before his termination. He was fired by DePinto in January 2015 and said DePinto did not give him a “real reason” when he

terminated him. His official termination stated that he had failed to complete his assigned work. Cross described the appeal process following his termination as “a joke.” “Duke is not being fair,” Cross said. He explained that he spoke with Clinton about his concerns during Fall 2014, but that he never heard anything from her after the meeting. “She went ghost,” Cross said. At least five employees within the department—both current and former—have filed cases with the EEOC regarding their treatment within the department, Adkins

said. Employees who feel they have been discriminated against at work can file a charge of discrimination with the EEOC—which is required before any employee can file a job discrimination lawsuit against an employer, according to the EEOC’s website. “There are no external structures built in place to address these complaints, to protect us,” said one current employee, who wished not to be identified for fear of retaliation. “There is no oversight. We’re like a dog chasing its tail.” Gautam Hathi contributed reporting.

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THE BLUE ZONE

X FACTOR: DUKE BASKETBALL VS. WAKE FOREST www.dukechroniclesports.com

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COLUMN

MEN’S BASKETBALL

TRYING TO WAKE UP IN MARCH Digging into the DBAP Meredith Cash The Chronicle

When the going gets tough, the tough get going. And the Blue Devils did—for a while, at least. But after multiple games in Duke’s back-loaded ACC scheduled required unbelievable displays of grit to pull out upsets down the stretch, the Blue Devils have gotten tired and subsequently faltered—dropping two of their last three matchups. Now, No. 17 Duke looks to get back on track with a win against a struggling Wake Forest squad Wake at Cameron Indoor Forest Stadium Tuesday vs. at 8 p.m. The Blue No. 17 Devils are coming Duke off a disappointing 14-point loss on the TUESDAY, 8 p.m. Cameron Indoor Stadium road against a hungry and desperate Pittsburgh team that set the pace of the game from the start by dominating the paint. The Demon Deacons also lost Sunday, falling to Virginia Tech 81-74, and haven’t captured a road win in the ACC since Jan. 22, 2014. “[Pittsburgh] came out and played a lot better than us,” sophomore Grayson Allen said after Sunday’s loss. “They were the hungrier team. They just wanted it more than us so it’s all the credit to them.

Brian Pollack

Izzi Clark | The Chronicle Marshall Plumlee and the Blue Devils were badly outrebounded in Sunday’s loss at Pittsburgh and will need to fix that against Wake Forest Tuesday night to avoid a second straight defeat.

They killed us on the boards. They were crashing the glass and they just wanted it more there.” The Blue Devils (21-8, 10-6 in the ACC) struggled against the Panthers’ length in Sunday’s upset. Pittsburgh outrebounded Duke 39-20 and held the entire Blue Devil roster to just six points in the paint. Redshirt senior captain Marshall Plumlee was unable to put any points on the board and only secured four rebounds throughout the contest. Despite Plumlee’s lackluster

performance against the Panthers, a bounce-back effort from him will go a long way in ensuring Duke’s success in Tuesday’s matchup. The last time the in-state foes met Jan. 6, the Warsaw, Ind., native scored a then-career high 18 points on 7-of-7 shooting from the floor. The big man also notched two blocks and brought down seven rebounds as the Blue Devils pulled away from the Demon Deacons and earned a 91-75 victory. See M. BASKETBALL on Page 12

MEN’S LACROSSE

Offensive outbreak carries Duke to win Phil Coons The Chronicle After a quick turnaround and a trip back from Florida, the Blue Devils had reason to be tired Monday night. But some fresh faces ensured Duke came out firing and did not let up after a long road trip this weekend. The No. 4 Blue Devils upended Mercer at Koskinen Stadium 19-9, winning their second match in 9 three days and MER DUKE 19 continuing to shake off the hangover of their first loss of the season to No. 2 Denver last week. “I thought we rode really well and what helped was our ability get the ball back,” Duke head coach John Danowski said. “When our first group was in, we shot the ball really well. Their goalie is terrific, having made great saves against us last year down in Macon. We just had a really good night offensively.”

It’s that time of year again—baseball season. Yes, college basketball is entering the stretch run of conference play and a top-10 team loses seemingly every day to create plenty of intrigue and parity as March Madness approaches. And there’s the NBA in the middle of its season as well, with the Golden State Warriors gunning for history and the San Antonio Spurs not far behind. But February brings with it the year’s first sizzling fastballs and screaming line-drives amid the warmth of Florida and Arizona. As spring training starts to get in full swing and pitchers are hitting the golf courses for their afternoon tee times following morning bullpen sessions, the Blue Devils are playing games that count for real in their new home park. Per an agreement the team reached in October, Duke will play 36 home games at the Durham Bulls Athletic Park in downtown Durham this year, as opposed to just six on campus at Jack Coombs Stadium. The Blue Devils got off to a great start at the DBAP last weekend, escaping with a series victory against then-No. 10 California thanks to a pair of walk-off victories and then shutting out Campbell in a midweek tilt. Duke head coach Chris Pollard has been particularly excited about the team’s move downtown, citing the DBAP’s great facilities and a positive relationship with the Durham community. With a change of venue, though, comes slight changes in how the game is played, and Pollard pointed to the DBAP’s reputation as an offensive park—as opposed to Coombs, which is known for being pitcherfriendly—as something his team would look to take advantage of this season. The most distinctive feature of the DBAP is the Blue Monster, a 32-foot-tall fence that extends far into the left-center field gap. The Blue Monster is very short down the line—just 305 feet, compared to 325 at for Coombs— creating plenty of opportunities for home runs or doubles on balls that would likely be outs in other parks. Coombs’ fences are as deep or deeper than the DBAP’s at all major measuring junctures. The two both check in at 400 feet in dead center and 375 in the right-center field alley, but Coombs is 10 feet deeper down the rightfield line at 335 and five feet deeper in leftcenter at 375. Since Pollard took the helm prior to the 2013 season, Duke has played 32 games at the DBAP and won 17 of them, good for a .531 winning percentage. Overall, Pollard has compiled a .543 winning percentage with the Blue Devils—so not a significant difference there. The biggest difference comes, perhaps

Duke (4-1) shot out to an early 4-0 lead behind four different goal scorers, with Justin Guterding taking a Case Matheis feed from behind the goal to start off the scoring. The Bears (2-2) eventually found an opportunity to get on the board after a Greg Rhodes penalty gave them 30 seconds of extra-man offense. Mercer attackman Chris Baxa capitalized on the opportunity and found the back of the net with a powerful shot from the top of the box to cut the lead to 4-1. But any momentum gained by the Bears was quickly snuffed out, as the Blue Devils proceeded to go on a 8-0 run through parts of the first and second quarters. Mercer did not score for 22 consecutive minutes in the first half, with Duke capitalizing on sloppy play by the Bears. The Blue Devil offense was firing on all cylinders in the first half, with seven different players finding the back of the goal. Midfielder Jack Bruckner had four See M. LACROSSE on Page 13

Jack White | The Chronicle Junior Jack Bruckner notched four goals Monday to help lead Duke to a 19-9 win against Mercer.

See COLUMN on Page 12

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FENCING

Blue Devils head into Ling captures Duke’s first pair of midweek tilts ACC title since 1973 Hank Tucker The Chronicle Coming off two close losses Saturday and Sunday, the Blue Devils have the chance to bounce back right away with a busy week that will test their depth. Duke has two mid-week games for the first time this season before its weekend series against Toledo, Davidson taking on Davidson at the Durham vs. Bulls Athletic Park Tuesday at 4 p.m. Duke The team will be right back at it the TUESDAY, 4 p.m. next day, traveling Durham Bulls Athletic Park to Buies Creek, N.C., to face Campbell Wednesday at 6 p.m. Duke at Jim Perry Stadium. vs. The extra game will Campbell force the Blue Devils to go further into a heavily-used bullpen WEDNESDAY, 6 p.m. that trotted out six Jim Perry Stadium different relievers in the past two games. “I’m energized by the fact that this is going to provide some opportunities for some guys that haven’t gotten in the mix yet,” Duke head coach Chris Pollard said Monday on his weekly radio show. “We’ve got four guys right now down in our bullpen, in [Zach] Kesterson and [Al] Pesto and [Chris] McGrath and [Hunter] Davis, that are big, physical, plus-velocity guys…. They’re gifted guys and they’ve been patiently waiting their turn.” Duke (4-3) opened its weekend in Myrtle Beach, S.C., with a convincing 8-1 win against Ohio State, but fell to Liberty 1-0 Saturday after squandering a plethora of opportunities with runners in scoring position. The Blue Devils’ bats came alive Sunday but could not keep up with No. 17 Coastal Carolina’s offense in a back-and-forth 10-6 contest.

“You’re a couple swings of the bat, a couple pitches away from leaving there 3-0. It doesn’t feel great—there are no moral victories, but at the same, we know we’re doing some things well,” Pollard said. “If you do those things consistently over the long haul, you’ll come out on top a lot.” The Blue Devils will try to start a new winning streak this week, but must get past two dangerous, experienced opponents to do so. The Wildcats (4-3) have a strong lineup that exploded for 12 runs in a win against Georgetown Sunday, with four players collecting multiple hits. Junior catcher Jake Sidwell is off to a red-hot start to the season—going 10-for-22 in seven games—and seniors Lee Miller and Sam Foy return after both batted higher than .300 in 2015. “You’ve got a guy in the middle of their lineup in Lee Miller who, in my opinion, is one of the best individual players that we’ll play all year,” Pollard said. “How that young man is even back at school this year…[I] can’t believe the guy wasn’t drafted.” The Fighting Camels (3-4) came to Durham last Tuesday and got shut out by Duke in a 4-0 loss, but they were without star senior Cole Hallum, who will present a tough challenge in all phases of the game. The 6-foot-2 outfielder was the 2015 Big South Player of the Year with a .327 batting average and 12 home runs, and also tossed 10 2/3 scoreless innings from the mound as the team’s closer. Hallum is surrounded by a strong core for Campbell, with senior Anthony Lopez batting .433 through seven games and redshirt senior Brian Taylor hitting .346 with 10 RBIs. The Blue Devils are a much younger team than both Davidson and the Fighting Camels, but several of their dynamic freshmen are already playing like veterans. Left fielder Jimmy Herron See BASEBALL on Page 12

Jack White | The Chronicle Freshman shortstop Zack Kone has impressed right away for the Blue Devils, and currently ranks second on the team with a .357 batting average.

Jesús Hidalgo The Chronicle Last week, sophomore saber Jennifer Ling earned ACC Woman Fencer of the Week accolades after reaching the 50-win mark at the Philadelphia Invitational, where she claimed a team-best 14 victories. But the underclassman from Cranbury, N.J., was still hungry for more—and is now part of Blue Devil history thanks to her standout performance this weekend. Ling took home the first ACC championship crown for Duke since 1973 Sunday at the Castellan Family Fencing Center in Notre Dame, Ind., where the Blue Devils battled Notre Dame, North Carolina and Boston College in the two-day conference tournament. After going 12-3 in pool play, the Duke saber upset the Fighting Irish duo of Francesca Russo—the 2015 national champion—and Tara Hassett to capture the gold medal and All-ACC honors. “What a great day. Jennifer’s performance was superb,” head coach Alex Beguinet told GoDuke.com. “Later in the team room, when we were alone, I asked her if she thought she was going to win and what she was thinking. She said she just focused on the actions in front of her and what she needed to do for each touch. Right up to the winning touch. This was a well-earned victory. Jennifer is a model of sportsmanship. We are extremely proud of her.” The Blue Devil coach also praised the performance of Ling’s weapon-mate Haley Fisher, who won the bronze medal after defeating Russo 15-12 in the duel for the third place. In the other women’s individual competitions, the four Blue Devils epeeists— Rita Somogyi, Claudia Wrampelmeier, Isabella Barna and Camille Esnault—finished among the top 10 fencers in the conference Sunday and so did foils Samantha Lee, Cathy Chi, Julia Lee and Kristen Coury. Epeeist Dakota Nollner won a silver medal in the conference championship and received All-ACC honors this weekend. The sophomore registered 10 wins in pool play Saturday and, after beating Boston College’s Peter Wetzel, fell

to the Fighting Irish’s Dylan French 15-13 in the tournament’s final bout. In the individual portion of the epee category, Dean Ischiropoulos and Bryn Hammarberg turned in solid performances and earned the sixth and ninth positions, respectively. The four Blue Devil foils— Jan Maceczek, Ethan Yu, Will Feldman and Jake Shulman—and the three Duke sabers—Peter Yang, Pascual Di Tella and Charles Copti—were ranked among the top nine fencers in their corresponding categories at the end of the individual competition, as well. The Blue Devil women’s squad finished second in the team gauntlet, beating the Tar Heels 17-10 and the Eagles 20-7, but lost against the No. 2 Fighting Irish 20-7 Saturday. Led by Fisher’s 7-2 individual ledger, the sabers went 1-2 and the epeeists blanked their three conference foes with a 14-3 combined effort from Esnault and Barna. In the foil category, Chi posted a 3-1 record in the victories against North Carolina and Boston College. In the men’s team gauntlet, Duke took down the Tar Heels 21-6 and the Eagles 18-9 but, like the women’s team, did not manage to upset the No. 2 Fighting Irish, falling 189. Di Tella stole the spotlight—blanking all his opponents in the saber category—and Nollner combined with Hammarberg for 11 wins in the epee section. “The men did a great job in the team event,” Beguinet told GoDuke.com. “They certainly lived up to what we expected against the teams of North Carolina and Boston College. Against Notre Dame, the final team score does not reflect the fact that many of those bout victories were very, very close and had scores of 4-5. We had lots of close bouts. Our guys fought hard.” After traveling 1,400 miles on a bus in their round-trip to Indiana, the Blue Devils will have two full weeks to rest and prepare for the NCAA Regional tournament—which will be held in Easton, Pa., March 12. “After a little time to rest and let the fencers catch up, we will use this week and next to hone the things we saw that need work as we get ready for the qualifier to the NCAA Championships,” Beguinet told GoDuke.com.

Jesús Hidalgo | The Chronicle The Blue Devils battled North Carolina, Boston College and Notre Dame at the ACC Championships this weekend, and sophomore saber Jennifer Ling took home the program’s first conference title since 1973.

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M. BASKETBALL from page 6 Although the final score from the first matchup suggests a blowout, Wake Forest forward Devin Thomas dominated Duke in the early going and kept his team in the game until late in the second half. The senior is averaging 15.7 points and 10.0 rebounds on the season—one of just three players in the conference to average a nightly double-double— but scored 21 points and pulled in 12 rebounds in the teams’ last meeting on the Demon Deacons’ home court. However, Thomas has struggled mightily at Cameron Indoor Stadium in the past, recording his only two career scoreless ACC games at the historic venue. If the Blue Devils want to keep Thomas’ woes at Cameron going, they are going to have to provide a much better effort on the interior and the glass than they did Sunday. “I love my team but I didn’t love the way we competed today,” Duke head coach Mike Krzyzewski said. “Our guys have done a great job this year, but that was an out-ofcharacter game for them.” With Wake Forest (11-18, 2-15) consumed with stifling Plumlee’s production in the paint, guards Grayson Allen, Luke Kennard and Brandon Ingram were granted free range of the perimeter in January. Allen knocked down 7-of-8 shots from the field— including 3-of-4 from downtown—for a game-high 24 points. Kennard followed

COLUMN from page 6 not unsurprisingly, in the power department. Duke has launched a home run in 14 of its 32 games at the DBAP during Pollard’s tenure, a remarkably high rate for a team that collected just 13 total round-trippers in 53 games last season. Pollard often has often called the DBAP as a welcoming environment for right-handed power hitters, and indeed Andy Perez—the team’s right-handed hitting second baseman last season—knocked six of his nine career homers at the DBAP. Other than home runs, though, there is not much evidence to suggest the Blue Devils hit any differently at the DBAP than at Coombs. Despite the extra bump from long balls, Duke actually did not hit more extra-base hits downtown. The team averaged 2.2 extra-base hits at the DBAP against 2.30 in 23 home games at Coombs last season, with the extra space in

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suit with 23 points of his own off 64 percent shooting from the floor, and Ingram added a quiet 17 points, five rebounds and four blocks in the victory against the Demon Deacons. Wake Forest will counter on the perimeter with senior Codi MillerMcIntyre, who has notched 20 or more points in each of Wake Forest’s last two meetings with Duke. He will be joined in the starting backcourt by freshman Bryant Crawford—who scored just a single point in the team’s first meeting but has taken control of head coach Danny Manning’s offense with 13.5 points and a team-high 4.4 assists per game. “We need to move on, because this schedule’s tough,” Krzyzewski said Sunday. “We’ve got to get back on the horse and ride it the proper way Tuesday night.” Krzyzewski will look to his oldest and most experienced player in Plumlee to shake off his performance at Pittsburgh and lead Duke to a much-needed homecoming victory before hosting rival No. 8 North Carolina Saturday evening for its final game of the regular season. The Blue Devils are currently tied for fifth in the conference standings with Notre Dame—which effectively becomes a tie for the No. 4 seed and final double-bye in the ACC tournament due to Louisville’s postseason ban—but would lose a head-to-head tiebreaker with the Fighting Irish thanks to a 95-91 loss Jan. 16. Coombs more than making up for the Blue Monster’s shorter porch in left. Scoring wise, Duke was slightly less productive at the DBAP, scoring 5.31 runs per game there but 5.35 at Coombs and 5.65 in 20 road games last season. On the flip side, the Blue Devils’ run prevention was slightly better at the DBAP, even with inferior underlying numbers. Duke yielded 4.63 runs per game at the DBAP and opponents scored 4.70 runs per game at Coombs, but the Blue Devil staff struck out .74 fewer batters and allowed .32 more hits per game in their awayfrom-campus home games. Duke heads back to the DBAP Tuesday for a nonconference clash with Davidson before playing a stretch of 12 straight there in March. This time, maybe sophomore Evan Dougherty—who blasted three dingers Friday against Ohio State—will clear the fences with regularity and send a few soaring over the Blue Monster.

Graphic by Matthew Conley | The Chronicle Duke will play 36 games per year at the DBAP starting in 2016, and has historically hit more home runs there than at the cavernous Jack Coombs Stadium.

The Chronicle

Jesús Hidalgo| The Chronicle Wake Forest senior Devin Thomas is one of three ACC players averaging a double-double, and recorded 21 points and 12 rebounds in the team’s first meeting.

Kristen Shortley | The Chronicle Grayson Allen led the Blue Devils with 24 points against the Demon Deacons in Duke’s 91-75 victory Jan. 6 and will look to continue attacking the basket aggressively.

BASEBALL from page 11 and shortstop Zack Kone have appeared in every game this season and are leading the team with batting averages of .393 and .357, respectively. The duo began the year near the bottom of the lineup, starting multiple rallies to spark a surprising series win against then-No. 10 California. Herron moved up the No. 2 spot in the lineup last weekend, and Kone is poised to join him near the top this week. “They’re going to be really good players at this level. Both of those guys are plus-plus athletes—they’re really good runners, their baseball skill-set is obviously very good, but in addition to that, [they have] a ton of athleticism,” Pollard said. “They’re

also very good competitors, and that’s the reason they’re in there. That’s the reason they’ve quickly climbed up in the lineup.” Sophomore outfielder Evan Dougherty has also emerged as one of Duke’s top offensive contributors after batting just .186 as a rookie. The Fort Myers, Fla., native homered in three straight at-bats Friday against the Buckeyes to carry the Blue Devils to their fourth straight win, a week after starting the streak with a walk-off single against the Golden Bears. “I don’t think I’ve ever had a guy homer in three straight at-bats, and each ball went further than the previous [one],” Pollard said. “But the thing I really like about it is he came back the next two days and didn’t get outside of who he was as a player, continued to have good at-bats.”

Jack White | The Chronicle Sophomore Evan Dougherty homered in three consecutive at-bats Friday against Ohio State, and has been a big offensive contributor this season for Duke after batting just .186 last year.

The Chronicle

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M. LACROSSE from page 6

the starters to put the clamps on for rest of the game. Although they were competitive in the second half, the Bears could not compete with the deep Blue Devil squad. Mercer committed 17 turnovers and only gained 26 ground balls, as opposed to 40 for Duke. “They are starting to learn how to play hard all the time when the ball is on the ground,” Danowski said. “I thought we did a great job of running through ground balls and creating opportunities. Guys are learning how to hustle when possession is on the line.” Guterding, with six points on the night, is on pace to become the fastest Duke player ever to reach 100 career points. Current assistant coach Matt Danowski holds the record, having reached the century mark in 27 games, but with 92 points through 23 career games, Guterding is well on his way to surpassing his coach. The shifty Garden City, N.Y., native— who converted all three of his shots on goal Monday—did not skip a beat when his head coach started substituting around him on offense. “We were moving the ball great off the ground, the team was scrapping,” Guterding said. “Everyone wanted the ball, just to get it off the ground and keep moving it. It did not matter who came up with it in the end and we had a great day offensively. The [blue line] did great. They fight hard every single day in practice and it was a lot of fun to give them the opportunity to get out there and score some points for us.” Following two games in three days, the Blue Devils have a week of practice before traveling to Hempstead, N.Y., to take on No. 12 Harvard Saturday at 3 p.m. at James M. Shuart Stadium.

goals and Guterding exploded in the first half for one goal and three assists, including a helper to immediately answer Mercer’s first goal of the day. After winning the ensuing faceoff, Guterding found Bruckner, who was coming around the cage and buried it past goalkeeper Mike Nugent to stymie the Bears’ excitement. Defender Peter Welch, attackman Chad Cohan and midfielder Deemer Class all got in on the scoring before Mercer stopped the Duke run with a Brandon LeSane goal with three minutes left in the first half. The Blue Devils kept on the gas early in the second half, as the Bears could not keep up with the high-powered Duke offense. Midfielder Teddy Henderson, who took face-offs all night as normal starter Kyle Rowe was out with injury, won the first draw of the second half and took it down on the break to score the first goal of his career. The Greenwich, Conn., native has earned high praise for his work at the faceoff X, where Henderson was 15-for-20 on the night. “Teddy was terrific tonight. Anytime you are 75 percent in a Division I game, that is a phenomenal number,” Danowski said. “We were delighted at his performance and how he stepped up tonight.” Mercer was able to get back in the game in the second half, as the Blue Devils began to sub on the fly. LeSane scored the second of his two goals midway through the third quarter after splitting his defender and getting his hands free from the top of the box. From a minute left in the third quarter to halfway through the fourth quarter, Mercer went on a 5-0 run, before Danowski decided it was time for sudoku_523A

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1 3 9 Jack White | The Chronicle 4 8 Sophomore Justin Guterding tallied six points on three goals and three assists in3Duke’s win 3 7 1 5 Monday, and is closing in on 100 points already in his young career. 3 7 9 2 4

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Online subscriptions: Today’s puzzle and more than 7,000 past puzzles, nytimes.com/crosswords ($39.95 a year). Read about and comment on each puzzle: nytimes.com/wordplay. Crosswords for young solvers: nytimes.com/studentcrosswords.

T H E I N D E P E N D E N T D A I LY AT D U K E U N I V E R S I T Y

The Chronicle

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For the young, presidential primaries may matter more

s Duke students vote today and tomorrow for the next leaders of DSG, voters across the nation are participating in this year’s Super Tuesday primary races. In total, 25 percent of republican primary delegates and 21 percent of democratic primary delegates will be allocated during these contests. Yet, even with the large number of delegates to be decided today, if results continue to split vote and delegate counts as they have in most past races, presidential nominations will continue to be contested following Super Tuesday results. This means that there still exists an opportunity for young voters to have a significant impact on the political landscape of the next four years by showing up in their state primaries and the general election. The 2016 contest represents the first year that millennial voters, those under 35, are represented among the electorate to the same extent as baby boomers, representing 31 percent of eligible voters. However during the first month of primaries, millennials have been underrepresented at the polls, even underperforming compared to their 2008 voting rates, leading to near misses by millennial preferred candidates. A recent poll of millennial voters shows that only 42 percent plan to vote in Democratic primaries and 33

percent in Republican primaries. Overall, 60 percent plan to vote in the general election compared to actual voting percentages in past general elections. If millennials forfeit their right to have a say in primary contests, they potentially disenfranchise themselves ahead of the general election when the candidate they come around to supporting may not be on the ballot.

Editorial With strong preferences for primary candidates, now is the time for millennials to ensure they get a candidate they can feel passionate enough about to show up for in the November elections. On the Republican side the race for the youth vote is divided along lines similar to that of the general republican electorate. For Republicans who feel passionately about more moderate, less well performing candidates, like John Kasich, the primaries may provide the only opportunity to counter the popular tide and keep their candidate in the race long enough to have a chance of landing on top during a possible brokered Republican convention. On the Democratic side of the

onlinecomment

“In truth, the popular movement today in American politics is not about inequality of any kind; it is about the efficacy of Government. The desire to completely dismantle the political establishment and unring the bell on many of their arrogant and self-serving “reforms” is driving the candidacy of Donald and, to a lesser extent, Bernie.” — “Liberterian” commenting on the Feb. 29 guest column “The perils of populism”

LETTERS POLICY The Chronicle welcomes submissions in the form of letters to the editor or guest columns. Submissions must include the author’s name, signature, department or class, and for purposes of identification, phone number and local address. Letters should not exceed 325 words; contact the editorial department for information regarding guest columns. The Chronicle will not publish anonymous or form letters or letters that are promotional in nature. The Chronicle reserves the right to edit letters and guest columns for length, clarity and style and the right to withhold letters based on the discretion of the editorial page editor.

Est. 1905

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Direct submissions to: E-mail: chronicleletters@duke.edu Editorial Page Department The Chronicle Box 90858, Durham, NC 27708 Phone: (919) 684-2663 Fax: (919) 684-4696

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Inc. 1993

AMRITH RAMKUMAR, Editor RYAN HOERGER, Sports Editor

aisle, more than 80 percent of millennial voters support Sanders showing that millennial votes could shift the democratic race in Sanders favor, if they are cast. Overall,millennialsexpressconcernforissuesparticular to their age group but find politics unsavory at best. Climate change, the inequitable economy, student debt, foreign policy, health care and gun control are leading issues of concern, and millennials have demonstrated consensus on some issues considered partisan flashpoints by previous generations. Though confusing to pundits, a recent study suggests that millennial voters could heavily influence the outcome of primaries in at least ten states, including North Carolina, possibly reshaping the political spectrum in years to come. Starting this week, Duke students can vote early for North Carolina through March 12 at the Freeman Center for Jewish Life. On-the-spot registration is available with appropriate in- or out-of-state identification, making it easy to make your voice heard even before the North Carolina primary on March 15th. To make sure their unique issues are addressed, students must overcome their disdain for politics and show up to vote or risk continuing the same trends they overwhelmingly disapprove of.

Letter to the Editor

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fter four years of constant DSG, I have finally come to the conclusion that each of you has understood since the end of O-week: DSG is completely powerless. In the last couple of weeks, two high level administrators independently told me that DSG does not speak for the student body because DSG is not representative of the student body. We are stuck in a Catch 22: administrators do not give DSG authority because we are irrelevant to the everyday undergraduate student, and we are irrelevant to the everyday undergraduate student because administrators do not give DSG authority. Every single administrator does care and does enjoy engaging with students; however, when administrators and faculty leaders are making decisions about the governing policies or direction of the University, students do not have any discernible authority. For example, the Strategic Plan does not have any undergraduate voting members and neither does the Curriculum Committee. Furthermore, the policy changes in the Community Standard have incessantly been made with large student concerns absent. While we have worked tirelessly this year to bring students DevilsGate, the New York Times

and the Living Learning Community, DSG is still irrelevant to the everyday student. Last week’s article was just the latest evidence of DSG focusing on programming and events that fill Duke, rather than the decisions students actually care about: decisions that form the institution, such as bringing events back onto campus, whether or not to enact rules on hate speech, or making revisions to the housing model. Increased social media usage, town halls, student surveys, and improvements to DSG structure have attempted to break the cycle by better connecting DSG to students; however, these efforts are nothing new and have not been successful. Students need to take the first simple step of blind faith by taking the thirty seconds to vote and give the next DSG a mandate to pursue the most ambitious student desires. Give credence to pass/fail classes, chapter houses or reforming the disciplinary system. Vote as if DSG president has the authority of the student body, and they may actually have it. Bryan Dinner Trinity ’16

RACHEL CHASON, Co-News Editor RYAN ZHANG, Co-News Editor

Letter to the Editor

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ast Wednesday, DSG made the Catholic Center pay over $2,000 out of pocket. We didn’t force the expense on the Catholic Center because we thought the event they put on was a bad idea; we simply failed to vote on their appeal for help. We were too busy dramatizing a fight that has dragged on for years—restructuring. Today’s referendum is meant to stop such problems from happening again. Voting for the restructuring referendum makes Senate more efficient and puts our priorities back in order. Since Senate took its current form, most Senators have agreed it should be smaller. Just as most folks pay more attention in a seminar than in a lecture, in a smaller Senate, Senators will be more engaged. However, Senate’s been unable to come together on a restructuring plan—until now. Next week, Senate will vote and likely pass a plan that eliminates at-large seat replacements for uncontested elections. Put simply, Senate would both shrink in size and increase its proportion of elected Senators. Today’s referendum allows us to

move forward with our restructuring plan next week, and finally accomplish a goal that has been four years in the making. Additionally, a vote “yes” makes it easier for DSG to restructure in the future. Currently, any change in Senate size requires approval by two-thirds of the senate and half of the student body. These requirements essentially force us to restructure during election season and turn what should be serious proposals into aspirant politicians’ talking points. The chaos that ensues gets in the way of the work DSG is supposed to do (like debating whether to fund the Catholic Center). Yesterday, Senator Sullivan called the proposed referendum “elitist.” I’d argue the only elitism of which Senate is guilty is thinking our internal affairs are more important than actually helping students. Restructure senate. Help us reprioritize. Vote yes on the referendum. Jackson Dellinger Trinity ’19

The Chronicle

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www.dukechronicle.com commentary

Ruling on the (un)written rules

ajor League Baseball spring training games begin today, the first steps toward what promises to be yet another classic season of baseball. Though annually spiced up by an ever-changing flow of talent, the game of baseball is, for the most part, one of purity, beautiful in its form, governed by long-standing traditions. Within these

These unwritten rules aren’t worthy of any consideration or adherence by Trump, nor are the more basic rules of civility ingrained on every kindergartner: play fair, clean up a mess, don’t call someone a bad name, say sorry. Even those simple unwritten rules feel most un-Trump, and, until he gets appropriately taken out by a spikes-high slide during a debate or plunked by a 90 mph important voting

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Prison abolition and Greek tragicomedy

f I didn’t want to abolish Greek life before the protest the other Friday, I certainly do now. The outrage and aggression exhibited by campus Greeks, the emotional overreaction, the unwillingness to engage productively with substantive critique—all this clearly shows that our party-happy campus culture is producing a generation of coddled conservatives with a strong sense

Jackson Prince

Bennett Carpenter

PARENTHETICALS

G(RAD) LEFT

traditions lie a universally-recognized set of unwritten rules that have commanded the respect of players, managers and fans for generations. Don’t swing at the first pitch after backto-back home runs. Don’t try to bunt for a hit to break up a no-hitter. If a teammate gets hit by an intentional pitch, the pitcher must retaliate. These are immutable laws from which few players dare stray. And those who try to shake things up by disobeying this unwritten code of conduct might expect a 90 mph cutter directly to the gut in their next at-bat. Why? Because the rules of baseball, both written and unwritten, are so respected and intrinsic to the system and its style of play that any deviation is seen as a sign of disrespect, a smear upon a definitive tradition that must be cleaned up within the course of a single game. It’s a system that’s worked to preserve a sense of control of the game, as well as a standard of behavior, for over a century of professional baseball. Ty Cobb’s slides into second base, his metal cleats high in the air, in 1915, merit the same in-game or next-game payback, according to the unwritten rules, that Chase Utley would have received, had he not been suspended, after taking out Ruben Tejada in the 2015 playoffs: a retaliatory curveball that “happened to slip” from the pitcher’s hand, finding its way to the arm, thigh or rear-end of the guilty party. 100 years later, its the same errorcorrection method. But respectful adherence to the unwritten rules of other “games” is rapidly becoming defunct. In too many aspects of life, more and more individuals choose to boldly disregard unwritten rules, no longer applying them to their respective actions, creating a very different and unbridled culture, spirit and dynamic. Take basketball. It’s an unwritten rule to shoot heavily-contested three-pointers only if the clock requires it; otherwise one should find a teammate with a clear shot or call a timeout to regroup. And yet, a player like Stephen Curry, who delights in taking—and, it should be noted, making— the most irresponsible shots over the most imposing defenders from way beyond the three-point arc, is celebrated. This tendency is a breach in the unwritten code, yet Curry has already been heralded as a legend of the sport. And then there’s Donald Trump—who, coincidentally, is relevant to each of my columns concerning problematic topics— and his unprecedented approach toward achieving prominence in his political party. The unwritten rules of politics give clear direction. Respond with answers and opinions that won’t alienate the base. Represent the interests of the party. Don’t offend large groups of people.

group, so he will remain in the race. Our generation isn’t exempt, either, as the unwritten rules of our own lives seem to have escaped our consciousness. When do we put our phones away while in a group of people? When do we choose not to order Dominos five minutes before it closes, keeping in mind the drivers who have to work overtime? How often do we thank the hosts of our parties after helping them clean up? We don’t. We Instagram more than we make eye contact, we deify whoever has enough battery charge to order that buzzer-beater garlic bread and we stumble drunkenly out of our friends’ homes, tossing our cups, and often our cookies, in grandiose exits without acknowledging even the existence of our hosts. Many of us have chosen an unconscious—or at best, passive— approach to incorporating unwritten rules into our lives. Too often we exclude those rules that take too much effort, that create “awkward” situations or that could simply go unnoticed or unrewarded. And because society, at large, has chosen to look the other way on such violations, there is no payback. No one will see the metaphorical high-inside fastball for eating their meal before others at the table get theirs. Odds are, anyway, fellow diners are all too busy playing with Snapchat filters. But, here’s the rub: we’re giving each other permission to break the unwritten rules that made us civil human beings with respect for one another. We’re not draining three’s in traffic like Stephen Curry. It’s not an admirable feat. More often than not, we’re ignoring social codes, common courtesies and basic human responsibilities. We’re Donald Trump-ing. And whether you like him or not, everyone will agree that a world full of Donald Trumps would be less-than-pleasant. But that’s where today is exciting: it’s the first day of MLB spring-training action. There will be no bases stolen during blowouts, no exaggerated admirations of home runs, no stepping into the batter’s box while the pitcher warms up. It is understood, and it is practiced. And if these unwritten rules are broken, there is payback. We can learn from baseball, reembracing the necessity for the adherence to many unwritten rules. Sure, there are rules that are no longer relevant and so we get creative, when we feel we should be, pulling up for a three like Steph Curry. But we have to be aware that we are doing just that, and still maintain our humility. Also, apparently today is also Super Tuesday? I have no idea how that’ll fit into this parenthetical.) Jackson Prince is a Trinity freshman. His column runs on alternate Tuesdays.

TUESDAY, MARCH 1, 2016 | 15

of entitlement, dangerously delicate sensibilities and an alarming inability to cope with the real world. I wrote the above as an exercise in parody, inverting the fatuous criticisms invariably lobbed at campus activists as predictably as cows pass gas. As it happens, I think it’s all true. Frat students are so sheltered that the mere suggestion they’ve behaved inappropriately sends them into bouts of mass hysteria. Sorry, folks—your prison party doesn’t count as a safe space. Look, the prison system in this country is violent, racist and inhumane. As such, it’s an offensive and inappropriate party theme. It really is that simple. Had Delta Sigma Phi and Kappa Kappa Gamma but acknowledged this, we all could have moved on. Instead, we’re stuck in an endless defensive reaction in which protestors’ actions are subjected to repeated scrutiny—a textbook example of white fragility. Meanwhile, Greek students complaining that they did not receive equal airtime during a teach-in organized by activists apparently confuse a prison protest with a high-school debate. (Mass incarceration: pro or con?) Not that our ungracious Greeks presented themselves as pro-prison. The consistent tack taken by frat folks at the event was to suggest that they were deeply concerned about the injustices of the prison system, while simultaneously questioning the legitimacy of abolition as a tactic and an aim. Given that these were the same people who’d held an incarceration-themed party not 48 hours earlier, their newfound passion for criminal justice reform seemed a miraculous metamorphosis, to say the least. But let’s ignore Laocoön’s famous warning and take these Greeks at their word. Ostensibly, we’re all on board about the injustices of the criminal “justice” system; all aware that there are more black men under correctional control today than were enslaved in 1850; all concerned about the enormous racial disparities in prosecution, sentencing and punishment; all alarmed about the quadrupling of incarceration rates that has left the US with 5 percent of the world’s population but almost a quarter of its prisoners—70 percent of whom are people of color, with black women the fastest-growing group and Native Americans the largest group per capita. Supposedly, the only line separating campus protesters from those they protest—aside, of course, from that little question of the prison party—is whether abolition represents a serious solution to these ills. I think it does. The precondition to imagining a world beyond prisons is remembering that there was once a world before them. At the protest an earnest young man engaged me on this question. “We’ve

always had police and prisons,” he claimed. “Without them, it would be total anarchy. Surely you wouldn’t want that!” (Actually, I told him, I’m quite open to the idea—but that’s another story.) In point of fact, however, police and prisons are remarkably recent inventions. While jails have long been used, in certain cultures, to house people awaiting trial or punishment, the notion of incarceration

as itself a form of punishment dates only to the tail end of the 18th century. Meanwhile the modern police force is of even more recent provenance, emerging in England and the United States between 1825 and 1855. So if earlier eras (and other cultures) had long gotten by without police and prisons, why did they emerge? The short answer is the need to protect a violent and unequal social order. In the southern United States, the first modern police forces emerged out of the earlier slave patrols. In the North, while police were also used to capture runaway slaves, their primary purpose was to enforce work-discipline, quell political riots and, perhaps most importantly, to prevent workers from going on strike. The common theme, then, was the need of wealthy elites to protect and preserve private property—whether to enforce the status of slaves as property or to deprive workers of access to it. But American history is also a fruitful place to look for alternatives to incarceration. While indigenous justice systems were as diverse as Native American societies, none had anything resembling police or prisons (nor, relatedly, private property). Indeed, indigenous justice practices have been a major source of inspiration to prison abolitionist proposals for restorative justice and community-based alternatives to policing. There are two things I find encouraging about this cursory history. First, alternatives to police and prisons have existed and hence can do so again. Second, most people do not naturally tolerate violent levels of social, political and economic inequality; indeed, policing emerges precisely because such inequality can only be maintained through violent force. This is why abolishing prisons is part and parcel of dismantling capitalism, patriarchy and white supremacy. For those looking to explore these questions further, there are many resources available. Michelle Alexander’s “The New Jim Crow,” Angela Davis’ “Are Prisons Obsolete?” and Ruth Wilson Gilmore’s “Golden Gulag” are great places to start. The African and African-American Studies and History departments offer regular courses on mass incarceration and the history of policing. Additionally, the International Comparative Studies program is currently hosting a year-long lecture series on “Mass Incarceration and the Carceral State.” Since our fraternity and sorority members have expressed such a deep interest in penal reform, I’ll expect to see them all there. Bennett Carpenter is a graduate student in the literature department. His column runs on alternate Tuesdays.

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