February 19, 2014

Graduate Coverage

University

MATCHMAKERS HAPPIER THAN COUPLES?

DUKE ACCUSED OF VIOLATING FINANCIAL AID LAW

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The Chronicle T H E I N D E P E N D E N T D A I LY AT D U K E U N I V E R S I T Y

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XXXXXDAY, MMMM WEDNESDAY, FEBRUARY XX, 2013 19, 2014

ONE ONE HUNDRED HUNDRED AND AND EIGHTH NINTHYEAR, YEAR,ISSUE ISSUEXXX 87

Grad students Quick start, strong defense propel Blue Devils pick O’Connor as Young trustee by Ryan Hoerger The chronicle

by Patricia Spears The chronicle

Shannon o’connor was elected as the next Graduate Young Trustee by the general assembly of the Graduate and Professional Student council Tuesday evening. o’connor—a fifth-year Ph.D./MD candidate in biomedical engineering— beat GPSc President Amol Yadav, a fourth-year Ph.D. candidate in biomedical engineering, and Bill hunt, a fifthyear Ph.D. candidate and GPSc member. o’connor currently serves as the vice president of GPSc. “i’m truly honored to be given this opportunity to voice the concerns of graduate and professional students and to represent Duke as a whole,” o’connor said. As Young Trustee, o’connor plans to form a partnership between GPSc and the Board of Trustees, be more proactive in engaging with the trustees and encourage more student connection. “Why would i not want to plug into the ideas of the graduate and professional community as much as possible?” she asked. o’connor highlighted her goal to integrate graduate and professional interests into University standing committees. She expects this goal to be significantly more long-term, estimating needing about two years to come to fruition. The current graduate Young Trustees have immense initiative in meeting with graduate students before Board meetings, o’connor said, adding that she will be able to continue this tradition given that during her tenure, she would still be attending graduate school and living in Durham. After receiving about 15 online applications, the Young Trustee Screening See GRad Yt, page 16

ThAnh-hA nGuyen/THE CHRONICLE

Rodney Hood and the Blue Devils came out of the gates hitting more than 70 percent of their attempts from beyond the arc.

ATlAnTA—hot shooting earned the Blue Devils an early lead. When the shots stopped falling, their defense made it stick. in its first-ever visit to hank Mccamish Pavilion, no. 5 Duke seemed right at home, leading wire-to-wire in a 68-51 victory against Georgia Tech. The Blue Devils raced out to a double-digit lead in the first half thanks to seven 3-pointers and never looked back. rodney hood set the tone early for the Blue Devils (21-5, 10-3 in the Acc), drilling his first two attempts from beyond the arc as Duke sprinted to a 12-3 advantage. After shooting just 5-of-24 from distance in Saturday’s win against Maryland, the Blue Devils broke out of the mini-slump in a big way in Tuesday’s opening stanza, shooting more than 70 percent for much of the first half. “We didn’t want to take them lightly, especially on the road,” said hood, who finished with 14 points. “We didn’t want to come out and pace ourselves. We wanted to come out and try and dominate from the tip. i think we did that for the most part, i think the beginning of the second half we let up a little bit. We just played great defense the whole game.” on the defensive end, the Blue Devils put aggressive ball pressure on Georgia Tech’s guards, playing lockdown perimeter See m. BasKetBaLL, page 13

Cook society honors community builders by Imani Moise The chronicle

Students, faculty, administrators and members of the Durham community gathered in the Washington Duke inn Tuesday for the 17th Annual Samuel Dubois cook Society Awards dinner. The society was founded in the late 1990s to honor Dr. cook, the first black faculty member at the University. The mission of the society is to recognize, celebrate, and affirm the presence of

African American students, faculty, and staff at Duke University. Members of the Society commit themselves to the objectives to which Dr. cook dedicated his professional life. These objectives include nurturing a sense of belonging for blacks, fostering positive relations between all ethnic groups and ensuring that all members of the community reach their potential This year’s winners were Kerry haynie, associate professor in African-

American studies, David Stein, partnerships liaison in the Duke-Durham neighborhood partnership, camille Jackson, a news writer in the office of news & communications, Patricia James, a staff specialist in the Duke community Service center, roketa Shanell Sloan, a fourth-year PhD student in genetics and genomics, and senior naureen huda. huda, the only undergraduate honored See aWaRd, page 16

2 | wednesday, february 19, 2014

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Humanities on defensive, Rep accuses Duke and others finds champions at Duke of violating financial aid law by Rachel Chason The Chronicle

yuyi li/ The chronicle

Smith Warehouse is home to many of Duke’s humanities research labs, including the Borderwork(s) Lab and the Wired! Lab.

by Jenna Zhang The chronicle

Humanities research remains strong at Duke, despite the threat of funding cuts and political attacks in universities across the country. Funding for the humanities has fallen since the 2008 recession, and in many major universities today, humanities research constitutes less than 1 percent of overall research funding. On top of declining financial support, widespread perceptions of the humanities as antiquated and attacks directed toward its perceived lack of practicality have increasingly put the humanities on the defense. Nonetheless, the humanities is not without its champions. At Duke, its strongest supporters include Board of Trustees Chair David Rubenstein and President Richard Brodhead, who in 2013 co-chaired a report in defense of the humanities titled “The Heart of the Matter.” Financial support of the humanities at the University has remained steady over the past few years, and interest in the humanities has increased, said Dean of the Humanities Srivinas Aravamudan. “People keep talking about the humanities

in decline,” Aravamudan said. “I would argue Duke is a place where the humanities is getting more attraction.” Aravamudan attributed the growth in interest to the increasing diffusion of the humanities into other fields. Christina Chia, associate director of the John Hope Franklin Humanities Institute, noted that humanities research has become increasingly more interdisciplinary over the past few years—often combining research in other fields such as digital media, global health or biology. “We want to encourage very capacious, open-ended humanities research,” Chia said. “There should be space for people to do pure research and for people who are interested in the intersection between neurobiology and literature.” The University’s several humanities labs have recently undertaken several projects incorporating interdisciplinary research. Located in Smith Warehouse, the Wired! Lab on campus employs historical visualization technologies to study architectural and urban

One representative has accused more than 100 colleges—including Duke—of violating federal law by requiring financial aid applicants to complete extra forms or not making clear which ones are needed. In a letter addressed to Secretary of Education Arne Duncan earlier this month, Democratic Rep. Elijah Cummings of Maryland said 111 colleges are violating the Higher Education Act by requiring students to complete forms other than the Free Application for Federal Student Aid. The letter claims that these additional forms possibly create “improper and unnecessary barriers to federal assistance.” Duke, like many other institutions, also requires the College Board’s fee-based CSS/Financial Aid PROFILE, which is intended to be used to assess students’ eligibility for university-based—rather than federal—aid. “As the son of former sharecroppers, I know firsthand how a college diploma can change a person’s life,” Cummings, the highest-ranking Democrat on the Committee on Oversight and Government Reform, wrote in an email Tuesday. “Many college applicants and their families find it challenging to navigate the process of applying for financial aid and I want to be sure colleges and universities are providing clear and accurate information.” According to the letter, Cummings would like schools to explain that the PROFILE is used to calculate financial aid coming from the university and that applicants need only fill out the FAFSA to receive federal aid. The PROFILE is more detailed than the FAFSA and has a $25 fee attached to it. The Oversight Committee believes that schools must inform students which forms are necessary for them to complete. Alison Rabil, assistant vice provost and director of financial aid at Duke, said the Oversight Committee’s letter

was misrepresentative of the intent behind requiring additional forms. “The letter was misleading and did not help clarify what students need to do to apply for aid—all kinds of aid, federal and institutional,” she said. The letter’s list includes many of Duke’s peers, including several Ivy League schools and Stanford, Georgetown, Northwestern and Rice universities. The letter reported that 58 schools require applicants to submit the PROFILE in order to receive any type of financial aid—both institutional and federal. The other 53 schools instruct students to submit both the FAFSA and the PROFILE to obtain financial aid, without clarifying what type of aid each form is used to assess. Duke falls into the latter category. Its financial aid website instructs applicants to fill out the FAFSA, the PROFILE and other tax and income information in order to be considered for aid. Rabil said that the financial aid office lets students know that if they are only applying for federal funding, they just need to fill out the FAFSA. The FAFSA provides limited financial information to universities, especially for families who are self-employed or own businesses, Rabil wrote in an email Wednesday. This compels Duke to ask for additional forms to understand students’ financial circumstances better. “We ask for the PROFILE form to get a fuller picture of the financial health of the families applying for scholarship aid from Duke,” Rabil said. “We believe it helps us to evaluate a family’s situation more fully.” Justin Draeger, president and CEO of the National Association of Student Financial Aid Administrators, said in a statement that he does not think that colleges are withholding federal aid from students who had not filled out the PROFILE, but he agreed that some of their websites could be clearer.

See humanities, page 10

See finaid, page 10

GUIDELINES AND APPLICATION FORMS NOW AVAILABLE AT: www.duke.edu/APSI/grants/undergrads.html

For: 1. Sirena WuDunn Memorial Scholarship 2014-15 Undergraduate tuition awards 2. Janet B. Chiang Grant awards for undergraduate & graduate projects, and for need-based study in Asia

Contact:

The Asian/Pacific Studies Institute John Hope Franklin Center mpmoore@duke.edu • 919-684-5073

Deadline for Applications: March 7, 2014

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wednesday, february 19, 2014 | 3

Making matches could be a route to happiness by Elizabeth Djinis The chronicle

A match made in heaven may be more heavenly for the matchmaker than those matched, according to a Duke study. conducted by lalin Anik, a postdoctoral fellow at the Fuqua School of Business, and Michael norton, an associate professor at harvard Business School, the study concluded that setting up other people actually promotes the matchmaker’s happiness. The idea stemmed from a conversation between the two researchers where Anik pondered why she tended to make connections in her community when it often resulted in more stress. norton encouraged her to pursue the topic and, eight years later, the study came to fruition. “over and over again in multiple studies we realized that people loved making matches and it makes them happier,” Anik said. “it started out with a personal anecdote—why do people make matches?” Anik and norton broke their research into four separate studies, beginning with a survey asking the general public questions correlating happiness and frequency of matches made. next, the researchers brought groups of six people into the lab and asked them to randomly pair each other. The final two studies focused on computer tasks and measured enjoyment in making matches versus completing menial tasks. But not only did the research find that matchmaking caused happiness, it also discovered caveats to that happiness, Anik noted. in particular, when a match came with a price, it often detract-

DAyou Zhuo/ The chronicle

A Duke study has shown that matchmakers may be happier than the people they match.

ed from the happiness of the matcher. “People would say ‘hey, if you make a match between me and your half-son, i’ll take you out to dinner,” Anik said. “Maybe that’s not the best way to get people to make the best matches. if you pay them, they will not enjoy it as much.” Anik added that the study brought to light a social phenomenon that is often considered old fashioned and passe

PRESIDENT RICHARD BRODHEAD INVITES MEMBERS OF THE DUKE COMMUNITY TO THE HERTHA SPONER PRESIDENTIAL LECTURESHIP

ORIGIN OF THE EARTH-MOON SYSTEM Robin M. Canup, PhD Associate Vice President Planetary Science Directorate Southwest Research Institute

Thursday, February 20, 2014 Bryan Center, Von Canon, Lower Level, Room 004 4:30 pm-Reception 5:15 pm-Hertha Sponer Presidential Lecture

Hertha Sponer was the first woman full professor in the natural sciences at Duke University, invited to join the faculty in 1936. Seventy years later, a group of women faculty in the sciences recommended this lectureship to President Brodhead to highlight the research of prominent women in science, engineering, mathematics, and medicine. http://www.phy.duke.edu/hertha-sponer

among the modern generation. According to the results, college students reported being as happy with their matches as the thirty and forty-year-olds surveyed. “[Matchmaking] has become really important to the network as well as bringing people in the world together,” Anik said. “We tend to socialize more with people from very different networks.”

Postdoctoral associate Adrian camilleri, a friend of Anik’s, noted that matchmaking was common among his group of friends because it is difficult for postdoctoral students to meet around campus. he mentioned a particular success when he matched a group of postdocs for a lunch gathering. Two of his friends seated together at the end of the table hit it off so well that they ended up moving in together that next week. camilleri said that, though that matchmaking experience was especially positive, he views matchmaking with mixed feelings. “i can see when it goes really well and it is a win-win for everybody,” camilleri said. “i can also see risks associated with doing this.” Sophomore Michaela Fallon experienced the benefits of being set up her freshman year of college, when she met sophomore David Stewart through mutual friends. “We both sort of noticed each other but nothing ever really happened,” Fallon said. “Then, our friend pulled the strings to get us together. it was always subtle.” Although Fallon and Stewart had initial interest in each other, it was their friends who connected them and helped foster their relationship in its early stages. Fallon noted however that the growth into a relationship from the initial introduction was more random than not. “[our friends] thought we were compatible because we have a very similar sense of humor but…a lot of it was just, ‘oh wow, my friends might like each other. That would be fun,’” Fallon said.

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4 | wednesday, february 19, 2014

Duke

Duke University Algernon Sydney Sullivan Award

Nomination letters are due by March 3, 2014 In 2003, Duke University re-joined approximately 50 other Southern universities in presenting the Algernon Sydney Sullivan Award. This award program, sponsored by the Algernon Sydney Sullivan Foundation, recognizes one graduating senior and one member of the faculty, staff, or graduate student body of Duke University and Health System for their outstanding commitment to service. The New York Southern Society established the Algernon Sydney Sullivan Awards in 1925 in memory of Mr. Sullivan, a southerner who became a prominent lawyer, businessman and philanthropist in New York in the late nineteenth century. The award seeks to perpetuate the excellence of character and humanitarian service of Algernon Sydney Sullivan by recognizing and honoring such qualities in others. • Recognition of Selflessness • Generosity of Service • Nobility of Character • Person of Integrity • Depth of Spirituality Mr. Sullivan was a man who “reached out both hands in constant helpfulness to others.” The guidelines to the Award describe him as an accomplished lawyer, a mediator, a powerful orator, a noted philanthropist, a courageous citizen during perilous times, and a deeply spiritual and devoted family man. Duke University is giving this award to a graduating senior and a member of the faculty, staff, or graduate student body who exhibit the qualities of Mr. Sullivan. These qualities of service, character and spirituality are recognized in their practical application to daily living. Nobility of character is a criterion that is defined by the foundation as “when one goes outside the narrow circle of self-interest and begins to spend himself for the interests of mankind.” The Algernon Sydney Sullivan Award committee desires that this prestigious opportunity for recognition be available to students and employees alike regardless of their role at the University. This ensures that all who make significant contributions to the community and who lead lives of integrity will be considered as candidates for this unique award. For more information or to nominate a candidate, contact Sam Miglarese (for faculty/staff/ graduate student nominations) at sam.miglarese@duke.edu or Domonique Redmond (for Duke senior nominations) at dredmond@duke.edu. The nomination form is available at www.provost.duke.edu/awards-and-professorships/ For other ways to recognize student leadership and service, visit http://osaf.studentaffairs.duke.edu/leadership/awards.html

To register, visit www.dukewomensweekend.com

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ellen yuAn/THE CHRONICLE

In the most recent event in the Chef’s Chatter series featured sweet potatoes in celebration of National Sweet Potato Month.

COSMO SAYS...

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DIDA hosted the first out of a series of free seminar series on design principles.

“With a strong liberal arts education, our students have the critical thinking skills needed to succeed in finance and business.” — Lawrence Harris FRED V. KEENAN CHAIR IN FINANCE, USC MARSHALL SCHOOL OF BUSINESS, FORMER CHIEF ECONOMIST, U.S. SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

A thriving career in finance demands more than just technical skill — it requires the knowledge and critical thinking that come with a background in the liberal arts.

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The new Master of Science in Finance Program at the University of Southern California is a roadmap to excellence, providing students from across academic disciplines with the tools they need to hone their talent, leverage their creativity and innovate new approaches to business success. Based on USC’s Los Angeles campus, they put their undergraduate training to work and earn an accelerated master’s degree in finance in just 12 short months. Learn how USC’s Master of Science in Finance can kickstart your future and open the door to limitless opportunity. You can’t afford to miss this investment. For more information, please visit our website, or email or phone us: Website: marshall.usc.edu/msf Email: ms.fin@marshall.usc.edu Phone: (213) 740-3932 Start Date: May 27, 2014

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6 | wednesday, february 19, 2014

Netflix talks on Time Warner Cable services expected to stall by Cliff Edwards and Edmund Lee BlooMBerG neWS

SAn FrAnciSco — netflix inc.’s effort to secure a place for its video-subscription service on Time Warner cable set-top boxes is on hold now that the cable operator is being sold, people with knowledge of the matter said. The discussions are unlikely to progress before Time Warner cable’s $45.2 billion acquisition by comcast is completed, said the people, who asked not to be named because the matter is private. comcast, which isn’t as far along in its own talks with netflix, is focused on increasing film downloads and rentals with its new X1 set-top box platform, they said. “They will not be in any kind of rush to let netflix on their cable box and cannibalize their business,” said Arvind Bhatia, an analyst at Sterne Agee & leach inc. in Dallas. A deal with Time Warner cable would put pressure on other pay-TV providers to offer netflix as well. The video-streaming pioneer, with 44.4 million online subscribers, has pitched its Web-based trove of original shows, movies and older series as a must-have for pay-TV providers who increasingly poach each other’s viewers for growth. it has signed two european cable services and is trying to reach deals with smaller U.S. outfits that use TiVo inc. set-top boxes. Discussions have included the possibility of netflix paying fees to pay-TV providers, chief executive officer reed hastings said in an interview in late January. While los Gatos, calif.-based netflix can continue to grow without such deals, access on cable TV systems would make viewing easier by eliminating the need to toggle between cable and internet services, hastings said. “consumers already use netflix on the smart TVs, their Apple TVs and their rokus,” hastings said last month. “For us, it’s not a financial decision, it’s a customer-pleasing decision,” he said. Jonathan Friedland, a spokesman for netflix, de-

clined to comment on the comcast-Time Warner merger, as did Maureen huff, with Time Warner cable. Steven restivo, a spokesman for comcast, said the company continues to talk to application providers about joining the X1 set-top box platform. comcast, already the largest U.S. cable company, has said it expects the deal to absorb no. 2 Time Warner cable to be completed by year-end. The X1 platform, which delivers content via the cloud, could evolve into an larger threat for online services like netflix and offerings such as Apple’s Apple TV set-top box. it can be updated to duplicate many of their features, such as suggestions of what to watch, reviews and social tie-ins to Twitter or Facebook. comcast has more than 1,000 engineers working on software improvements for X1, said Sam Schwartz, chief business development officer for the pay TV provider, which finished 2013 with 21.7 million video subscribers and could grow to 30 million by purchasing Time Warner cable. “it out-netflixes netflix,” said David Bank, an analyst at rBc capital Markets. netflix was little changed at $435.51 on Feb. 14 in new York, where markets were closed Monday for the U.S. Presidents Day holiday. The stock, which almost quadrupled last year to lead the Standard & Poor’s 500 index, has advanced 18 percent this year. To take on netflix directly, Philadelphia-based comcast would have to spend lavishly, building a library of shows it could sell for a monthly fee. netflix has rights to $7.2 billion in content over the next five years, including movies from Disney and original shows like “house of cards.” instead, comcast is promoting X1 as technology that melds conventional TV with Web services, such as traffic and weather, along with film and TV rentals and purchases. Those services could include netflix. late last year, comcast began offering X1 subscribers online downloads of movies days or weeks before the DVDs reached stores.

comcast became the largest seller of “Despicable Me 2” over Thanksgiving, the company said last month. it’s also seeking streaming rights during the pay-TV window that typically starts six months after the DVD release, the Wall Street Journal reported last week. The company also has been working to expand its ondemand catalog of TV shows for current and past seasons, letting people catch up on programs at the touch of a button. “The better comcast does in advancing this aim, the more potential competition there is for subscription video on demand players like netflix, hulu and Amazon Prime,” said Michael nathanson, an analyst at Moffettnathanson research. Time Warner’s set-top boxes use traditional hard drives, making them more difficult to update with new features. The second-largest cable company has been trying to expand its higher-margin internet service, making netflix an attractive fit, according to Michael Pachter, an analyst at Wedbush Securities in los Angeles. With more cable providers offering on-demand access to older TV shows, netflix is trying to differentiate itself by producing original programming such as “house of cards” and “orange is the new Black.” its paying U.S. subscribers surpassed hBo last year. To pay its rising content costs, hastings said in January he is considering three different pricing tiers for its unlimited-viewing service, a departure from the $7.99 per month price it has had since July 2011. netflix could still benefit from a combined comcastTime Warner. Federal regulators scrutinizing the deal could demand conditions that benefit independent Web services, such as barring comcast from charging online companies for access to its internet subscribers. comcast agreed through 2018 to abide by so-called net neutrality rules as part of its deal to purchase nBcUniversal and said a combined entity would adhere to the same conditions. “if it’s a condition of the merger, then of course they’d abide by it,” said Pachter.

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nun, two others sentenced to prison for nuclear break-in KnoXVille, Tenn. — Three peace activists who intruded onto a nuclear weapons site in July 2012 were sentenced Tuesday to between two and 5 1/2 years in prison by a federal judge, three weeks after he ordered them to pay $53,000 in restitution for damaging the site’s security apparatus and defacing a storage facility that contains the United States’s stockpile of weapons-grade uranium. “if all that energy and passion was devoted to changing the laws, perhaps real change would’ve occurred by today,” said U.S. District court Judge Amul Thapar, after praising the trio’s conscience and good works. The judge, who leveled sentences that were lower than what the government requested, said that perhaps the threat of significant jail time “will lead people back to the political process i fear they’ve given up on.” catholic nun Megan rice, 84, received a sentence of two years, 11 months. Viet-

nam veteran and self-described catholic layman Michael Walli, 65, of Washingon, and house painter Gregory Boertjeobed, 58, of Duluth, Minn., each received five years and two months. each sentence will be followed by three years of supervised release; they have each already served eight and a half months in prison while awaiting sentencing. Both Walli and Boertje-obed have previously served prison time for similar crimes that they categorize as symbolic disarmament actions and civil resistance against a far greater crime: the maintenance of a stockpile of immoral and costly weapons that violate international law. The three activists, who call themselves “Transform now Plowshares,” were convicted last May of intending to harm national security and damanging more than $1,000 in government property at the Y-12 national Security complex, a nuclear weapons plant in oak ridge, Tenn., 30 minutes west of Knoxville.

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in the predawn hours of July 28, 2012, the trio hiked a wooded ridge, cut through four fences and splashed human blood and spray-painted biblical messages on the exterior of the building that warehouses an estimated 400 tons of highly-enriched uranium — enough to fuel 10,000 nuclear bombs. More than 100 supporters filled two courtrooms at U.S. District court Tuesday in downtown Knoxville. This continuation of the sentencing hearing, interrupted and delayed last month by snow, focused mainly on the the judge’s struggle to reconcile sentencing guidelines with the character and personal history of each convict. Such guidelines do “not distinguish saboteurs who truly mean harm from peace protesters who intend change,” Thapar said before his ruling, which came after nearly five hours of arguments, including final statements from rice, Walli and Boertje-obed. “i was acting in support of the rule of

nearduke.com

by Dan Zak

The WAShinGTon PoST

law with my actions,” Walli said, adding, “i am the face of tomorrow. The face of demilitarization, and vindication of the prophets.” Boertje-obed read an excerpt from a speech by Martin luther King Jr., and said that if the United States would abide by the nuclear non-proliferation Treaty it “would promote respect for the law.” rice cited poverty and economic disparity as “the direct fallout from gross spending to maintain a nuclear industrial complex.” “Please have no leniency with me,” the nun told the judge. “To remain in prison for the rest of my life would be the greatest honor for me.” Then, with the judge’s permission, she led the courtroom in a short song. “Sacred the earth, sacred the waters, sacred the sky,” the attendees sang. The trio’s unprecedented intrusion shut down operations at the site for two See aRRest, page 10

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Chapel Tower

1315 Morreene Road, Durham • 919-383-6677 Walk or bike to Duke. Located at the corner of Erwin Road and Morreene Road. On Duke Transit’s LaSalle loop, with drop-off service from SafeRides. Newly renovated interiors and you can choose your accent wall color. Specials for Students and University personnel.

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Strawberry Hill

1321 New Castle Road, Durham • 919-471-8474 Newly remodeled, energy efficient garden apartments in North Durham. We are set just off the beaten path in a wooded setting near Duke St. and Durham Regional Hospital. 1/2 off summer months! (June, July, August) http://www.nearduke.com/housing/property/128

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10 | wednesday, february 19, 2014

humanities from page 2 history. “Humanities research increasingly uses digital technologies to interrogate topics,” said Elisabeth Naskin, Ph.D. student in art history and member of the Visualizing Venice project within the Wired! Lab. “These technologies require software and equipment as well as support staff and can require as much financial investment as traditional scientific research.” Regardless, funding for humanities research continues to be dwarfed by funding for natural and social sciences research. In 2013, the University allocated $57 million in funding for research in the natural sciences, $6.8 million for research in the social sciences and $1.3 million in funding for research in the humanities, according to Vice Provost for Research Jim Siedow. Despite the disparity, Lee Baker, dean of academic affairs for Trinity College of Arts and Sciences and associate vice provost for undergraduate education, called funding for the natural sciences and funding for the humanities as different as “apples and oranges.”

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“There’s a real big disparity in the equipment and setting,” Baker said. “You don’t need laser beams in humanities research.” Although private funding provides significant financial support, federal funding for the humanities is lacking, said John McGowan, director of the Institute for Arts and Humanities at The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. “Do I wish the government gave more funding in the humanities? Yes,” McGowan said. “If they gave 10 percent of what they give to the sciences that would be a huge increase. The number is now less than 1 percent.” Nationwide, state governments typically provide the most grants for humanities research, awarding 118,445 grants between 2004 and 2012, according to Research Trends magazine. Federal governments followed at 72,528 grants, private sources gave out 64,049 grants and foundations awarded 60,238 grants. Duke derives most of its funding for humanities from private sponsors and foundations. The humanities labs on campus, including the Wired! Lab, BorderWorks and Haiti Lab, are primarily funded by Humanities Writ Large grant from the Mellon Foundation. Other sources of funding include the

Schiff Family Foundation and the National Endowment for the Humanities. But humanities continue to lag behind both the natural sciences and the social sciences in terms of popularity among students. Including first and second majors, there are between 500 and 550 declared humanities majors at Duke, as opposed to double that in the natural sciences, Aravamudan estimated. He added that 55 to 60 percent of students are in the social sciences, versus 25 to 30 percent natural science and 15 percent humanities. In light of criticism targeted at the humanities over recent years, administrators continue to emphasize both tangible and non-tangible benefits of studying the humanities. “A grounding in the humanities provides development in life skills: critical thinking, empathy, the ability to see multiple sides of an issue—these are all “soft” skills employers value greatly in the workplace, often even more so than technical skills,” Maria Wisdom, executive director of the UNC Institute of Arts and Humanities, wrote in an email Tuesday. Even if studying the humanities does not provide immediate gains, the humanities is worth pursuing for its own sake, Aravamudan said. “You can ask—why do we have a museum?” Aravamudan said. “Why don’t we just sell the paintings and do something useful with the money? Because it teaches us something about what being a human is. Being human is not just making money and solving problems. Being human is writing a poem. Being human is understanding what beauty is.”

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from page 7

weeks, prompted four congressional hearings and exposed a glitch-ridden security system that cost $150 million a year. The National Nuclear Security Administration, a semi-autonomous agency within the Department of Energy, responded to the break-in with a variety of security compensations, from installing 2,850 linear feet of concertina wire to requiring that malfunctioning security tools be repaired within 24 hours. Babcock & Wilcox Technical Services Y-12, the site’s private contractor for management and operations, was docked $12.2 million in fees and lost a 10-year contract worth $23 billion to manage both Y-12, where uranium is stored and processed, and the Pantex Plant in Amarillo, Texas, where nuclear weapons are assembled and disassembled. B&W Y-12 is still managing Y-12, pending a ruling (due Feb. 28) by the Government Accountability Office on the contractor’s appeal. WSI Oak Ridge, which staffed the security guards at the site, lost its subcontract two months after the break-in. Rice, Walli and Boertje-Obed have all reserved the right to appeal their sentences.

finaid

from page 2

“A number of institutions have already changed the language on their websites, and we hope that other schools will follow suit,” Cummings said. “My goal is to ensure that schools that utilize any forms other than FAFSA, such as the PROFILE, are in full compliance with the Higher Education Act and are not creating improper and unnecessary barriers to the federal assistance.” Rabil said Duke does not intend to hinder students from receiving federal aid but instead aims to allow applicants to receive the most aid possible. “We encourage families to apply for all sources of aid,” Rabil said. “To apply for only federal aid would limit access to all of Duke scholarship funds, which are the vast majority of funds awarded to students on aid at Duke.” “A number of institutions have already changed the language on their websites, and we hope that other schools will follow suit,” Cummings said. “My goal is to ensure that schools that utilize any forms other than FAFSA, such as the PROFILE, are in full compliance with the Higher Education Act and are not creating improper and unnecessary barriers to the federal assistance.” Rabil said Duke does not intend to hinder students from receiving federal aid but instead aims to allow applicants to receive the most aid possible. “We encourage families to apply for all sources of aid,” Rabil said. “To apply for only federal aid would limit access to all of Duke scholarship funds, which are the vast majority of funds awarded to students on aid at Duke.”

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wednesday, february 19, 2014 | 11

the blue zone

STAT CHAT: KrzyzewSKi’S big weeKend

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wedneSdAy, februAry 19, 2014

men’s basketball

backcourt by committee

Quinn Cook and Rasheed Sulaimon have split the starting guard role, leaving opponents guessing by Karl Kingma The ChroniCle

ATlAnTA—The Blue Devils went down to Georgia Tuesday and secured another crucial ACC win, but one thing they haven’t secured is a starting lineup. in the past eight games, guards Quinn Cook and rasheed Sulaimon have split Duke’s fifth starting spot right down the middle—four games apiece. The Blue Devil rotation has remained pretty steady otherwise; Tyler Thornton, rodney hood, Amile Jefferson, and Jabari Parker consistently open the game for head coach Mike Krzyzewski. Yet the final spot remains, leaving fans wondering up until about ten minutes before tip-off who will fill it that night. one thing is for sure: this variance keeps everyone—including Cook and Sulaimon—on their toes. “We’ve just got to be ready,” Sulaimon said after Tuesday’s 68-51 win. “Coaches are going to put out the lineup that they think is best for the game, and Quinn and i both know that. Sometimes i’m going to be out there, sometimes he’s going to be out there. We’re both ready to contribute our talents whenever we get out there and run the team.” While the one-two punch approach may not have dominated Duke’s rotation throughout the season, senior captain Ty-

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Thanh-ha nGUYEn/The ChroniCle

Rasheed Sulaimon has had five straight double-digit scoring efforts despite alternating between a starting and a bench role.

baseball

ler Thornton said it’s nothing new for the team—especially on the practice floor. “We practiced all preseason switching it up,” Thornton said. “[Sulaimon and Cook] both bring different things to the game and they both contribute in different ways. it just helps us with our depth…. i think it’s an advantage that we have that many teams don’t have.” indeed, the advantage seems to be paying off. in the past eight games, the Blue Devils are 7-1 with a point differential of +85. Duke has catapulted back into the no. 5 slot in the AP Poll after falling out of the top ten earlier this season, and is poised for even higher rankings with a successful week. it goes without saying that both players are competitive and ready to start, but Cook also noted that some plusses come with playing off the bench. “i think you just get an advantage coming off the bench because you see how the game is being played,” Cook said. “You see how [the opposing players] are playing defense, and how the refs are calling the game.” one of the best parts about Krzyzewski’s backcourt by committee approach is that it pushes Cook and Sulaimon to challenge Thanh-ha nGUYEn/The ChroniCle each other and improve. The young guards Quinn Cook’s quickness has forced Sulaimon to be more mindful of his ball-handling See BAckcourt, page 13 when the two square off in practice.

swimming and diving

UNC-Greensboro downs Blue Devils set for championship season Duke with walkoff by Madeline Carrington

by Ali Wells

The ChroniCle

The ChroniCle

Duke clawed its way back into a 12-inning thriller Tuesday afternoon. The Blue Devils hung around for three extra innings against UnC-Greensboro at the UnCG Baseball Stadium but were ultimately felled by a two-rBi walkoff hit in the twelfth inning, losing the game 9-8. Both teams rallied from a deficit to take the lead multiple times throughout the game, but the Spartans were able to capitalize when it counted most. “i thought it was a tremendous effort. i’m proud of our kids,” head coach Chris Pollard said. “We fought back at a couple different points. There were several different points over the course of the game where we had the opportunity to give in to the moment, but we didn’t.” Duke came back from a 6-3 deficit to finally tie the game in the eighth inning

With notre Dame entering the conference, Duke faces an even tougher field at this weekend’s ACC Championships, but changes to the scoring format this year may give the Blue Devils their best shot at placing high in recent years. The women’s swimming and diving team and the men’s diving team will open their championship season Wednesday in Greensboro, n.C. and conclude Saturday night. The new scoring format this year will allow athletes competing in the bonus final at night to contribute to the team score. in the past, only the A- and B-final heats, consisting of the top 16 swimmers from preliminaries, counted towards teams’ scores. The changes will likely not affect the final place of the top teams in the conference, but more opportunities to score points could allow Duke to move up the scoreboard. “A lot of coaches have been asking for this for years,” head coach Dan Colella said.

See BASEBALL, page 12

Darbi GriffiTh/ChroniCle file phoTo

Right fielder Chris Marconcini went 4-of-4, reached base in all seven appearances and scored three of Duke’s nine runs.

“our argument was that if we are bringing them back and they are swimming at night, let’s have them scoring points so they feel that their swim actually means something in contributing to the team total. That heat really means something now.” Three teams enter competition this week undefeated in the conference, including the newcomers to the league, the Fighting irish. The Virginia women’s squad—the ACC Champions for six straight years—were ranked seventh in the most recent College Swimming Coaches Association of America (CSCAA) poll, leading the conference. notre Dame checks in at no. 24, and Florida State sits just outside the top 25 teams. The Blue Devils’ neighbors north Carolina—whose only conference loss came against Virginia in the last relay—and n.C. State remain on the CSCAA women’s poll, holding no. 9 and no. 21, respectively. With the freshmen making up a large See SWIMMING, page 12

BASEBALL

from page 11

off a sacrifice fly, and after three scoreless innings, the Blue Devils got back on the scoreboard first in the top of the twelfth inning, scoring a pair of runs and taking advantage of a UNC-Greensboro error. “We learned a lot about the makeup of this team,” Pollard said. “They proved in the ballgame tonight that they’re not going to back down. When they’re in a situation where they get down, or they’ve got their backs against the wall as we did tonight, they showed me a level of toughness that I think we can build off of moving forward.” The tide of the game quickly turned at the bottom of the twelfth, due to a Duke error. Andrew Istler relieved Conner Stevens on the mound for the Blue Devils (2-2) in a final attempt to stave off the Spartans. After striking out two batters, Istler faced two outs and loaded bases when Hunter King hit a single for the Spartans, putting the game within reach at 8-7. Next Spartan Julien Abreau lined a ball down to center to score two runs for the walk-off win. The long game was marked by multiple pitching changes for both teams. Andrew Van Oren started on the mound for Duke but had to be replaced in the fourth inning by Dillon Haviland, and the Blue Devils would go on to utilize five more pitchers over the course of the game. Chris Kono notably held the Spartans (1-0) scoreless for two innings. “A lot of it was dictated by the fact that we had to go to the bullpen earlier

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12 | wednesday, WEDNESDAY, february FEBRUARY 19, 2014

in the game, and then it just ended up being a longer game,” Pollard said. “A lot of pitching changes were necessitated for both sides. When you’re forced to go to the bullpen in the third inning—especially this early in the year when pitch counts aren’t that high—you’re going to have to do a lot of subbing. We had a ton of different guys come out of the bullpen and throw the ball very, very well.” After a scoreless first inning, Blue Devil Chris Marconcini was the first to get Duke on the scoreboard, converting a walk and a steal into a run for the Blue Devils. Marconcini had a banner night, going four-for-four from the plate, reaching base seven times throughout the course of the game and collecting two RBIs. Van Oren held the Spartans through the first two innings but began to fade by the third. Although he allowed three hits in the third inning, the Blue Devils were able to limit the Spartans to just one run. Duke held a 3-1 lead until UNC-Greensboro scored five runs off of three hits in the fourth inning, including one off an errant pitch to take a 6-3 lead. Haviland, Van Orden’s replacement, failed to record an out, and Duke would five more pitchers to take the mound. “It was a long game, and there were a number of pitching changes,” Pollard said. “North Carolina Greensboro walked a lot of guys. It was just a long ball game-- even if it had ended in nine innings, it would have been a long ball game. It was probably the longest game I’ve ever played.”

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SWIMMING

from page 11

part of Duke’s championship roster, the experience of seniors Lauren Weaver and Christine Wixted as All-ACC performers and NCAA Championship competitors will provide a calming influence for their younger teammates. “You can’t beat having the experience that the seniors have gathered over the years,” Colella said. “When you go to ACCs with a really young team, it’s nice to have that kind of leadership to keep them on task and not get too caught up in the hype.” Colella has also prepared the freshmen for the grueling four days of morning and evening competition by simulating the ACC meet format with back-to-back dual meets throughout the season. This strategy has allowed the athletes to find the most effective post-race recovery routine in preparation for competition the next morning. “We have some athletes who could potentially swim five or six times in one day,” Colella said. “It’s important to rehearse how to recover after the first day, whether it’s proper warm-down, a massage or an ice bath. It’s a learning experience to see what works best.” Several Duke swimmers already holding NCAA “B” standards hope to advance to the national championships in mid-March. Wixted has the third-fastest time in the conference this season in the 100-yard breaststroke and the fourth-fastest in the 200-yard breaststroke. Weaver enters the meet sixth in the 50-yard freestyle with a time of 22.86 seconds, just behind teammate Maddie

Rusch, who is second with a time of 22.61 seconds. That time places Rusch just behind last year’s conference champion Tiffany Oliver of Florida State. The freshman also holds the team’s top time in the 100-yard butterfly this season with her 54.43-second performance at the Nike Cup Invitational. That Blue Devil trio, along with sophomore Chelsea Ye, has also posted the conference’s fifth-best time in the 200-yard freestyle relay with a time of 1:32.18. “We are coming off the Cavalier Invite where we had a number of athletes go lifetime bests, and that gets the athletes going to ACCs excited,” Colella said. “Our hope is that we go in ready to compete at the highest level… We have the potential to do a lot of exciting things.” Additionally, conference champion Nick McCrory will defend his title on the 1- and 3-meter springboards as well as the platform in the men’s diving component. Last year McCrory became the first athlete to sweep all three titles at a conference meet and became the most decorated diver in the history of the ACC. Breaking his own Taishoff Aquatic Pavilion record on the 1-meter board and his own school record on the 3-meter board during the regular season, the senior looks poised to end his collegiate career on a high note. On the women’s side, sophomore Kendall McClenney is ranked seventh in the conference on the platform, and her freshman teammate Kirby Quinn has earned the ninth-best score on the 3-meter board this season.

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KHLOE KIM/CHRONICLE FILE PHOTO

The Blue Devils might have a better chance at placing high at this week’s ACC Championships due to a rules change that allows more swimmers to contribute to the team’s score.

SPORTSWRAP

SPECIAL EDITION Friday, February 21 with Duke/UNC game wrap-up and preview of the Duke/Syracuse game

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have different body types and strengths, and one’s skill set is constantly tested against the other’s in practice, where Cook and Sulaimon alternate running with the first team. “We just go at each other,” Sulaimon said. “We just try to make each other better. Being a smaller, quicker guy, he can really get up under me and it forces me to better my ball-handling skills. Me being a longer, more athletic guy, it forces him to protect the ball better.” Cook and Sulaimon aren’t always in direct competition with each other. The guards’ complementary skills can form an effective tandem as well, especially in later parts of a game. “We’re both great ball-handlers,” Sulaimon said. “We both can penetrate the defense and get others involved. We’re both good set-shooters as well, so having Quinn in the backcourt with me takes a lot of pressure off me at the point guard position.” Cook also enjoys the combination. “[Sulaimon] is a great player,” Cook said. “You know he can score the ball. We were in the backcourt together last year so we have great chemistry. It’s fun playing out there with him—we complement each other very well.” While the starting lineup may be unpredictable, Thornton said the variability is not something that bothers or distracts the team. “If it was a distraction, that would mean we were an immature team,” Thornton said. “That stuff really doesn’t matter, as long as you come in and do your job, everything will be fine and everybody will be happy.” kakuro_414D.txt

from page 1

defense that head coach Mike Krzyzewski called “the best it’s been all year.” Duke limited the Yellow Jackets (13-13, 4-9) to 27 first-half points and forced five turnovers that turned into 10 Blue Devil points. “I think our guards did a great job of pressuring and contesting, and [the Yellow Jackets] weren’t able to get into a rhythm on the offensive end,” Duke senior Tyler Thornton said. “[We] just made it tough trying to go one-on-one a lot.” By getting the Yellow Jackets out of sync and pushing their guards back toward midcourt, the Blue Devils disrupted Georgia Tech’s inside game as well. Center Daniel Miller was held to two points on 1-of-4 shooting, well below his season clip of 11.4 points per game. “We thought our ball pressure and contesting was going to be a key to the ball game, and it would make it harder, make the passes longer and the vision tougher to see the post,” Krzyzewski said. “That helped our big guys.” The Yellow Jackets were also stretched thin at the ball-handling positions. Senior guard Trae Golden, Georgia Tech’s leading scorer at 13.4 points per game, did not start because of a nagging groin injury. He played 14 minutes in the first half but saw just three more minutes on the court after the break and finished with just two points. Krzyzewski employed five-for-five line changes throughout the first half, rotating players in and out to both keep everyone involved and rested for the remainder of Duke’s four-games-in-eight-days gauntlet. After committing three turnovers without registering

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the next possession, giving Duke a 58-40 lead that proved insurmountable. The Blue Devils face another quick turnaround as they must prepare for the makeup of the postponed rivalry game at North Carolina Thursday night. Krzyzewski maintained that Duke is trying to treat each game equally and pay no heed to the build-up surrounding the game in Chapel Hill and the rematch against No. 1 Syracuse at Cameron Indoor Stadium two nights later. The urgency his team showed against Georgia Tech was a step in the right direction. “You respect every game,” Krzyzewski said. “If you’re only going to do well on a Saturday night show on Broadway, your show’s not going to last very long. You’ve got the Wednesday matinee, the Friday, the Thursday. You have to do your best.”

a single assist against Maryland, point guard Quinn Cook was relegated to the bench in favor of Rasheed Sulaimon. When inserted into the game, the junior responded with seven points in the first half. After the break, the Blue Devils made a concerted effort to dump the ball inside to freshman Jabari Parker, who finished the game with 16 points and 14 rebounds for his ninth double-double of the season. As a team, Duke could not continue its shooting streak through the second frame, making just 7-of-24 field goals. The cold stretch allowed the Yellow Jackets to crawl back into the game, coming within 12 on a Chris Bolden free throw with 10:19 remaining. But Hood’s fourth 3-pointer of the night upped the lead back to 15, and Parker converted an old-fashioned 3-point play on

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T h e i n d e p e n d e n T d a i ly aT d u k e u n i v e r s i T y

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14 | wednesday, february 19, 2014

Jargon and obfuscation in academia Academics have long been accused of trading in convoluted and rarefied prose. Michel Foucault once went so far as to pillory French philosopher Jacques Derrida for employing a “terrorism of obscurantism” to win professional cachet. Nicholas Kristof, leveling a similar claim in his recent New York Times Op-ed, has lambasted academics for writing poorly and making their work irrelevant in “real world” policy debates. The consequence, he contends, is that researchers who have committed their lives to a particular topic end up remaining silent in public discourse. For Kristof, the problem with academic research is that academics study arcane subjects and obscure useful ideas with turgid language. To support the first claim, Kristof notes that the number of policy-oriented articles published in The American Political Science Review has decreased from 20 to 0.3 percent since the 1930s. Many fields, he argues, are specializing in this way. Although some work is unnecessarily abstruse, some research is simply too advanced to be understood by most laypeople. Cuttingedge research—in biology and quantum physics for example— may be impenetrable now, but it will eventually move mountains in

its field. Einstein’s theory of relativity may not have made sense to the average person in 1916, but now we can hardly imagine physics without it. No one should dilute the quality of frontier work just to squeeze it into public debates. We are more concerned with Kristof’s

Editorial accusations that academics intentionally shroud otherwise clear thinking in bombastic language. In some cases, deliberately bad writing is the result of power struggles within the university—namely, the need for disciplines without presumed relevance (like some humanities fields) to use convoluted language as a way to signal importance. We worry that some disciplines may unnecessarily write themselves into obscurity. The 1996 Sokal affair, in which a New York University professor published a hoax article in the journal Social Text, demonstrated that academic communities might accept junk research if it fits certain linguistic conventions and ideological biases. Interdisciplinarity might worsen this phenomenon by creating

onlinecomment N.C. has no Speedy Trial law; you can literally be held for years before trial in N.C... A prosecutor can lie to a Grand Jury and get an indictment, because N.C. keeps no records of Grand Jury proceedings... Police can lie under oath, but may not be sued civilly for doing so... Lots of reforms, desperately needed.

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Danielle Muoio, Editor Sophia DuranD, Managing Editor raiSa chowDhury, News Editor Daniel carp, Sports Editor elySia Su, Photography Editor Scott briggS, Editorial Page Editor caSey williaMS, Editorial Board Chair jiM poSen, Director of Online Development kelly Scurry, Managing Editor for Online chriSSy beck, General Manager eMMa baccellieri, University Editor carleigh StiehM, University Editor elizabeth DjiniS, Local & National Editor georgia parke, Local & National Editor anthony hagouel, Health & Science Editor tony Shan, Health & Science Editor julia May, News Photography Editor eric lin, Sports Photography Editor kelSey hopkinS, Design Editor rita lo, Design Editor lauren feilich, Recess Editor jaMie keSSler, Recess Managing Editor eliza bray, Recess Photography Editor thanh-ha nguyen, Online Photo Editor MouSa alShanteer, Editorial Page Managing Editor Matt pun, Sports Managing Editor aShley Mooney, Towerview Editor caitlin MoyleS, Towerview Editor jennie Xu, Towerview Photography Editor Dillon patel, Towerview Creative Director kriStie kiM, Social Media Editor julian Spector, Special Projects Editor lauren carroll, Senior Editor Derek Saffe, Multimedia Editor anDrew luo, News Blog Editor anna koelSch, Special Projects Editor for Online glenn rivkeeS, Director of Online Operations yeShwanth kanDiMalla, Recruitment Chair julia May, Recruitment Chair Mary weaver, Operations Manager rebecca DickenSon, Advertising Director Megan Mcginity, Digital Sales Manager barbara Starbuck, Creative Director the chronicle is published by the Duke Student publishing company, inc., a non-profit corporation independent of Duke university. the opinions expressed in this newspaper are not necessarily those of Duke university, its students, faculty, staff, administration or trustees. unsigned editorials represent the majority view of the editorial board. columns, letters and cartoons represent the views of the authors. to reach the editorial office at 301 flowers building, call 684-2663 or fax 684-4696. to reach the business office at 2022 campus Drive call 684-3811. to reach the advertising office at 2022 campus Drive call 684-3811 @ 2014 Duke Student publishing company

more spaces for bombast and obfuscation. The incentives within academia may be misaligned. As Kristof notes, “A basic challenge is that Ph.D. programs have fostered a culture that glorifies arcane unintelligibility while disdaining impact and audience. This culture of exclusivity is then transmitted to the next generation through the publish-or-perish tenure process.” Corey Robin, a Brooklyn College professor, has responded to Kristof, arguing that academics are absent from the public sphere not because they are disinterested or disdainful, but because publishing bottlenecks and the onerous tenure process suck away their time. Robin’s retort reminds us that discourse is shaped not by a handful of public intellectuals, but by a larger system that determines who does and does not get to speak. Exclusivity for its own sake undermines a primary goal of academic research: to make progress in a field for the benefit of society. Academics are some of the most useful resources for policymakers, and both have an interest in working together without sacrificing their standards. Although academia has found an anti-intellectual American public to be a difficult partner, it must do its best to become a voice in public debates.

Legality versus legitimacy

ver the past year or so, North Korea has appeared in U.S. headlines for everything from the idiosyncrasies of its leader, Kim Jung Un, to Dennis Rodman’s entertaining infatuation with the isolated country, to Kim Jung Un’s refusal to budge on his country’s nuclear aspirations. Until recently, however, the United States and

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—“Algiers50” commenting on the article “Reggie Day examines racial justice through NC laws.”

Est. 1905

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Article 2(4) prohibits the use of force by states against other states. Although the collective use of force is legal, the Security Council controls such use of force under Article 39. In addition, Article 51 exempts the use of force in self-defense from Article 2(4). Nowhere in the text of the Charter is there room for humanitarian intervention.

Joline Doedens wait a minute

the international community more broadly had not really paid attention to the living conditions of the North Korean people. On Monday, the United Nations Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights released a report based on more than 240 confidential interviews, concluding not only that “systematic, widespread and gross human rights violations have been and are being committed” in North Korea, but also that several of these violations qualify as crimes against humanity. The question is whether this report can actually change anything. Australian judge Michael Donald Kirby, the chairman of the Commission of Inquiry on Human Rights in the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea, summarized the findings of the report in a Jan. 20, 2014 letter to Kim Jung Un and gave him notice that he could be held personally liable for the crimes against humanity committed by state institutions and officials under his direct control. In order for this to actually occur, however, the United Nations Security Council must pass a resolution to refer the situation to the International Criminal Court, per the recommendation of the Commission. While Kim Jung Un’s criminal trial is theoretically possible, in reality, it is unlikely. As a P5 member of the Security Council, China has the power to veto any proposed resolution. It is likely that China will exercise its veto power with respect to any proposed referral of the North Korea situation to the Security Council, given China’s policy that refuses asylum to North Koreans who flee across the border. Thus, it appears that the black-letter “legal” approach to dealing with the pervasive human rights abuses and crimes against humanity perpetrated by the North Korean government against its people is unlikely to be very productive. Instead, if the international community is serious about stopping these crimes, the quasi-legal notion of humanitarian intervention must be considered. If one adopts a strict approach to the law of the use of force, the United Nations Charter technically prohibits humanitarian intervention.

Naturally, this conclusion is troubling. If the Security Council is paralyzed by a P5 veto, and if North Korea’s sovereignty is apparently impenetrable under the U.N. Charter, then where does that leave the fate of the North Korean people? Must the international community limit itself to expressions of sympathy and unilateral economic sanctions? One possibility is to adopt a John Bolton approach, simply denying that international law exists at all, and play power politics. In the long run, however, widespread adoption of such an approach would probably upset the international balance of power. At least the appearance of the rule of law on the international stage is a useful way to ensure that countries at least consider explaining their actions in terms of international law. Another possibility is to argue that the North Korean leadership no longer constitutes a legitimate government and is, therefore, not entitled to the protection of its territorial integrity. If such a theory of contingent sovereignty applies, however, additional questions arise about who or what determines when a state’s leadership has breached the social contract to such an extent as to justify the intervention of a third party. Would the United States, Russia or, perhaps, the European Union wield such power, or would it rest solely with the U.N. Security Council? In the end, it comes down to politics. The perceived legality of a humanitarian intervention depends on the relative weight of the good will in favor of such an intervention, compared to the danger of the intervention—in North Korea’s case, perhaps the risk of nuclear retaliation—and outright opposition to the intervention. The international community has come to accept the North Atlantic Treaty Organization’s intervention in Kosovo as “illegal but legitimate.” The task for proponents of a humanitarian intervention in North Korea is to analogize the operation to Kosovo, thereby obtaining political legitimacy, if not technical legality. Joline Doedens is a second-year law student. Her column runs every other Wednesday. Send Joline a message @jydoedens.

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www.dukechronicle.com commentary

An open letter to Lauren/Aurora

the socialites

The F’s we give F’s about

S

EX. PORN. XXXTRA HOT GIRLS. FIVE GIRLS, ONE ANTIQUE VICTORIAN VASE. Now that I’ve roped you in, I’m sorry to disappoint. You’ll find no more porn here than on my wellmaintained browser history—which, frankly, never had any porn on it but did have some embarrassing queries, mostly from Cards Against Humanity

that, in this age of over-sharing, I would be surprised if Duke doesn’t have more than one “rising porn star.” Tinder and Snapchat are basically begging for you to broadcast your dick pics across cyberspace, and for all we know, NSA agents probably touch themselves to your dick on the weekends. But more likely, I’d bet there are at least 50 Duke students who have, at some point, been

W

hoever you are, I want to laud your courage in coming forward, speaking up and bringing your story into the light. I want to thank you for initiating a discourse that this campus, and this country, desperately need. No one talks about porn, really, and when they do, very rarely do people talk about the perspective of the actors involved, especially women. I also want to apologize on behalf of

Lillie Reed

Danica Liu

wumbology

guest column

terms I didn’t understand. (Seriously, who just knows what “smegma” is off the top of their head?) Yet in recent days, it seems that, unless it’s about porn or sex or prostitution, this campus doesn’t want to talk about it. Now, I’ve always been a proponent of open and honest dialogue about all things sexy. Yet, the current campus conversation is not about consent or sex-positive feminism or discovering your sexuality. It’s about one student who, for better or worse, opted for work in the porn industry over a job waiting tables or cleaning toilets at McDonald’s. When news of this “rising porn starlet” broke on campus, it exploded. I haven’t seen students more obsessed with porn since eighth grade, when it was the cool thing to do to make your friends Google “kids in the sandbox” and click on the first link, then laugh hysterically as you sexually scar them for life. Seriously, the fact that that was the first time I ever saw a penis probably explains a lot about our generation. All in all, at this moment, campus is a big, sloppy, probably overlubricated mess of meddling, slutshaming and unhealthy obsession with one person’s sex life. Perhaps you think porn is immoral. After an open intellectual discussion, most of us would probably agree the porn industry is inherently sexist, racist and frequently homophobic. (But it’s just so darn fun, am I right?) But why have we concerned ourselves so much with this one particular participant in it? To me, it begs the question: Why give a f---? Seriously though. Why are the details of a random student’s sexploits the fodder of our conversations? Porn isn’t really the craziest thing someone could do. Sure, maybe porn stars have sex with someone they don’t know all too well. Is that any different than what many Duke students do—according to the laws of our (very white, very heteronormative) hook-up culture? And sure, porn stars get paid to have sex. Again, despite that there are certainly problems with the industry, I fail to see how that is problematic on an individual level. How does a person being willing to have sex for money make them any more promiscuous or “slutty” than someone who has casual sex without being paid? Getting paid for your awkward college sexploits in money sounds a hell of a lot better than getting paid in awkward morning bus rides, terribly-placed hickies and the longlasting taste of Shooters dick. As a matter of fact, I don’t know why I haven’t been charging all along. Look out, previous sexual missteps: My bill is in the mail. What’s further interesting to me is

a star of Reddit’s r/GoneWild subreddit (or, perhaps more terrifying, the r/ SpaceDicks subreddit), where hundreds of people post naked pictures every day. What’s the difference between your genital GIF and a porn film, other than that you didn’t get paid? Yet perhaps what is most infuriating about the backlash against Duke’s “porn starlet” is that people on this campus are demonizing a girl for consensual sex. Although sex work can be viewed as inherently coercive and the porn industry is truly warped, in interviews with the Chronicle, Duke’s resident porn star expressed agency in her choices. The campus uproar over her actions, then, brings me back to the question: Why give a f---? The sexual decisions a person makes are his or her decisions alone. Sure, you may be curious about the life of a porn star, but there is no need to hunt them down, out them and belittle them online. The freshman porn star at Duke had consensual sex with someone. Whoop-dee-doo. Where is the huge campus backlash and witchhunt when someone gets reported for rape? Although not unexpected, it is repugnant that our campus is in uproar over one freshman’s consensual sex, yet no one bats an eye about the many known rapists who live on this campus alongside their victims every day. Duke’s warped relationship with sex did not begin with and does not end with one porn star. There are entire websites devoted to the “biggest sophomore sluts” and the frats that are secretly (or not so secretly) the “most gay.” Mornings after, frat bros sit in common rooms, casually discussing intimate details of their hook-ups for anyone to hear. We’ve inflated the importance of the sex lives of others so much that we literally call down national news outlets to come pass judgment on them. And when some sex scandal inevitably breaks each year, we take it upon ourselves to judge the lives and decisions of others. An on-campus conversation about sex that centers on rumors, gossip and slut-shaming is not productive, for either positive sexual health or for the prevention of sexual assault. As Duke’s latest sex scandal comes to an end and another one inevitably rears its (probably-not-actually-that-ugly) head, I urge you to ask yourself if you should really be giving f---s about the f---s you give f---s about.

everyone who has violated your privacy and insulted you personally. I made the mistake of reading through the comments on your Develle Dish post, and I was disgusted to see all of the responses that refused to acknowledge the validity of your position, refused to respect your personhood and autonomy and instead insisted upon squeezing you into the very box that you are trying to break out of. I noticed that you tried to respond to most, if not all, of the comments, and, while I appreciate the effort, my personal advice to you would be to limit the amount of time you spend responding to bottom feeding trolls. It’s nice outside. Go take a walk in the Duke Gardens. Spend some food points at the WaDuke. More to the point: I cannot support your decision to be complicit in pornography. I cannot condone your participation in an industry in which an overwhelming percentage of workers suffer rape and sexual assault. I cannot see your behavior as anything less than reinforcement of a status quo that actively harms and oppresses women. Once upon a time, I was a liberal feminist, like you are now. I believed in female empowerment through sexuality, and I believed I could somehow destroy the patriarchy while wearing red lipstick, expensive bras and sexy high heels. I believed in porn and sex positivity and basically everything— as long as it was consensual, of course. I believed the most empowering thing for a woman was choice and that gender equality was the ultimate goal of the feminist movement. But then I began to realize equality, whatever that means, would never be enough. Under the Constitution, men and women are treated “equally,” but women are paid 77 cents to a man’s dollar, and our bodies are regulated by congressional committees while theirs are not. We are raped and sexually assaulted at rates as high as one in five, and identical resumes with a female name will be turned down while one with a male name is not. What’s the meaning of equality when women are still being oppressed? The thing about liberal feminism and “choice” is that it’s based on a fantasy at best and an outright lie at

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Lillie Reed is a Trinity senior. Her column is part of the weekly Socialites feature and runs every other Wednesday. Send Lillie a message on Twitter @LillieReed.

wednesday, february 19, 2014 | 15

worst. And the lie is this: As long as we make our own choices, we can be free. That sounds reasonable, until you think about how you became the person you are and what past experiences and life philosophies you have that go into making your decisions. We were both socialized as women, and, consequently, we have both been taught that our values lie in our bodies and appearances, that we should be silent when men are

talking, that our opinions are worth less and that, when we speak up, we should qualify our thoughts with phrases like, “Well, this is just what I think...” In reality, the choices that we make concerning sex, gender and femininity don’t happen in a vacuum. Our choices are based on our surroundings and our upbringing, and the consequences of our actions affect the choices that other women can make in the future. In becoming a porn star, you have played into a system that values a certain race, body type and class. You are able to make this decision because of your race, body type and class. I have been lucky enough to receive financial aid so I can attend Duke, but if I had not, the same sex work opportunities available to you would not have been available to me as an Asian woman. We can try to reclaim words like “slut,” but we’ve got to remember that women of color are already labeled sluts, that, even as we try to find empowerment in our sexuality, women of color—black women in particular— can never escape being sexualized, even as children. What is truly “distressingly naïve” about this situation is that, often, we make choices without thinking about the systematic and institutional consequences of our actions. You are on your path, and I am on mine. I am a radical feminist, which means that I believe in the abolition of gender. I no longer believe in “gender equality,” and, instead, I fight for women’s liberation and an end to patriarchy and sexism. Who am I to say that, if I were in your situation—if I were white, conventionally attractive, desirable, struggling financially and confident with my body—I would not have done the same thing? We read these articles on the Internet and, for a brief moment, we feel a flicker of superiority to someone else in a situation completely foreign to ours. We shake our heads, cluck our tongues and keep scrolling, thus forgetting the empathetic, compassionate people we are capable of being. Once again, thank you so much for sharing your story. I wish you the best of luck for the rest of your journey. Danica Liu is a Trinity sophomore.

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16 | wednesday, february 19, 2014

GRaD Yt

eliZA BrAy/THE CHRONICLE

O’Connor, a fifth-year Ph.D./MD candidate and current vicepresident of GPSC was elected Graduate Young Trustee.

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committee interviewed five candidates and selected the three finalists. “You kind of know seeing these three candidates that they were gonna be big contenders,” said YTSc chair Stephanie reist, a fourth-year Ph.D. candidate in romance studies. reist said they looked for campus engagement and knowledge of the position during the screening process. Prior to voting, each candidate gave a five-minute speech followed by five minutes of questioning by the general assembly. representatives then voted to close the deliberation before selecting o’connor. o’connor opened her speech by explaining her passion for the University. “From the moment that i knew i wanted to do an MD/Ph.D., i knew i wanted to be here,” she said. “i feel every day that i’m lucky to be here.” She said that her proximity to campus would help

alleviate some of the challenges connecting to the campus that previous Young Trustees have faced. When asked about improving Duke and Durham relations, o’connor referred to her work on the Davison council, a medical school student government, which is involved with the Durham community. “i think the [General Assembly] made the right decision,” Yadav said. Yadav is considering running for a position on one of the Board’s standing committees. hunt was not available for comment following the GPSc meeting where they elected o’connor.

aWaRD

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at this year’s event, was recognized for the four years she dedicated to the Girls’ club program run out of The emily K center. “My work with the girls club wasn’t something i expected to get recognition for,” huda said. “it was really exciting to have a room full of kind and important people recognizing my work and the work of others.” huda has also volunteered with the Duke Pre-health volunteer program, ronald McDonald Family room, Duke children’s hospital and Gente Aprendiendo Para nuevas oportunidades—an organization dedicated to tutoring Spanish speakers in english. on campus, she is involved with her campus Duke Magazine and Duke Partnership for Service. Sam Miglarese, a cook Society steering committee member and director of community engagement, nominated huda, citing her organizations skills along with her passion for helping others. “She has a compelling personal warmth communicated a deep compassion and understanding for what it means for young people to grow self esteem and develop a sense of strength itself,” Miglarese said. James was the first employee paid by the hour to ever win the award. She was recognized for founding Durham Tripple Play, a baseball program for teenage boys designed to keep them occupied when school lets out for the summer. The program has been running since 2008. “When you young boys telling you think program saved their lives, you have a program that needs to stay around,” James said in her acceptance speech. The recipients of the award are chosen by a steering committee headed by Vice President of institutional equity Ben reese. “i’m always on the verge of tears when this evening concludes because i look out on a mosaic of diversity and i look out on the beloved community and i think we’ve presented models of the society everyone should move towards,” reese said.

iMAni MoiSe/THE CHRONICLE

Students, faculty, administrators and durham community members came together to celebrate the 17th Annual Samuel Dubois Cook Society Awards dinner.