Marie RUISARD

Marie Ruisard thaw. A new voice for a

dying language Thesis Advisor: Don Jones

2,000

5% 8,000

1Kautokeino, Norway

18% 20,000 40%

45%

15%

60%

18%

Total: 3000

70,000 Total: 18,000

Total: 45,000 Northern Sámi

Ar

Lule Sámi Total: 100,000 Norway

Finland

Sweden

Russia

Sámi Individuals by Country

Southern Sámi Other Dialects

Sámi Language Grasp,

by Primary Dialects

Sámi as 1st or 2nd Language

Sámi Spoken Regularly Outside of the Home

cti cC

ir c

le

Jokkmokk, Sweden

By Scandinavian state law, “a ‘Sámi’ is a person who identifies himself or herself as a Sámi and who is either a native Sámi-speaker or has at least one parent or grandparent who learnt Sámi as a first language.”

Language Attrition

Extinction Level

600,000

Students in Norwegian Education System (grades 1-9)

10,000 2,500

Students of Sámi Descent

Students with Sámi as 1st or 2nd Language

940 Biased Education System

Students Receiving Instruction in Sámi Language

1,000

Students

Sámi Territory and Dialect Fragmentation

research Background & Site

ok / Karasj To Alta

6

3

∆26m ∆85’ 1 2 4

7

5

To Sweden

State Infrastructure

Nomadic Infrastructure Major Road Sámi Cultural Institution Site

Site Topography

Footpaths 362m

Elevation ∆62m ∆203’

0 325’ 750’

300m

1500’

Thesis Question: How can architecture perpetuate the efforts of indigenous people to achieve and maintain the right of self-determination?

Conventional Library

• One-directional movement of information.

• Documents are provided by an institution.

Conventional Museum

• Top-down movement of information.

• Separation of guests and artifacts.

• Artifacts and information are prescribed by an institution.

Reciprocal Library

• Cyclical, multi-directional movement of information.

• Documents are provided by the visitors.

Reciprocal Museum

• Bottom-up information.

• Collective contribution with personal meaning.

• Many voices organized/curated by the institution.

The library’s collection is an ever-evolving record of Sámi stories and songs, available for streaming playback or listening in real-time as new stories are recorded. Any Sámi visitor can make their own contribution to the library in recording rooms.

Support: 37% Media: 15% Public: 23% Library: 25%

Final Design Area 76,394 SF

research Program & Precedents

Radio Production : 2024 SF TV Production : 1851 SF

Total Area: 76,400 GSF

Journalism : 2932 SF Reception : 2400 SF Performance Space : 4250 SF

Support : 28315 SF

Event Space : 4875 SF

Media Center: 9,200 SF (15%)

Education : 3110 SF

Public Use: 15,800 SF (23%)

Cafeteria : 3534 SF Recording : 1706 SF

Collection : 9803 SF

Sรกmi Parliament of Norway

Library: 18,300 SF

(25%)

Entry : 5276 SF

Support: 28,315 SF

(37%)

Administration : 1068 SF

Aanischaaukamikw Cree Cultural Center

Naturum Laponia

Example of Library Function

Traditional Storytelling Arrangements

Site Terrain Study Model

process Fall Term

Library Media Center Public Use Lobby

Atrium

Event Space

Radio Production Gallery Space

Print Media

Radio Production

0 32’

64’

128’

CIRC.

MAIN GALLERY COLLECTIONS EDUCATION, CAFE ARCHIVE / STORAGE

0 16’

32’

64’

process Fall Term

Mid-Review Profile

Final Profile

Geo-exchange System •Utilizes greywater to supply in-floor radiant system (heating and cooling) and heat air for ventilation Performance Data •Single vertical borehole (+/- 200m) •Water-to-air system

Ventilation Stack •AHU dedicated basement room

(740 SF) •Monolithic stack supplies fresh air throughout third floor mechanical level Performance Data •Fresh air: +/- 60,000 CFM •150-ton AHU

technical Building Systems & Sustainability

Arctic Climate •Dense, wet snow (high SWE) •10’-15’ annual snowfall •Cold temps = slow melting process Snowmelt Greywater Supply

Glu-lam structure Timber beams and columns DLT ceilings Raised access panel floor

Geo-exchange heat pump Hydronic radiant heating/cooling Cold roof construction Insulation Solar management

Site Circulation a Vernacul

res ctu r stru

Respect for the l an d

Stormwater management Heat-traced pavement Subterranean access road Wind screen Site circulation

n me ire qu l re a c i n Tech y sibilit Egress & acces

Sustainability

Program

ts

Culture

s on it i

Thermal

Sub-freezin g tem p er Strong Sou atu th w re ind s s Extreme sunl igh tc on d

Site

Climate

High snow loads

Structure

21,500 SF roof x 10’ snow = 215,000 CF snow x 0.2 (SWE coefficient) = 43,000 CF meltwater = 321,700 gal/yr

Aiming for PassivHaus standards Snowmelt greywater system Daylight harvesting Pre-fab construction.

Building Water Demand 58,000 SF building ; +/- 600 max occupants x 10 gal/person/day = 6000 gal/day 2,000,000 gal/yr 321,700 gal / 2,000,000 gal = 16%

Traditional Sรกmi Goahti

Tamedia Office Building, Shigeru Ban

technical

Scale Structural Detail Model

G

F

E

D

C

B

A

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

A.2

B.2

C.2

Structure

Fir / Birch Saplings

soil stabilization

Wild Lichens

native groundcover

Larch

site access points

Mountain Ash

cultural significance

Yellow Pine

wind break

Direct Southerly wind of +/30mph, 70% of the year.

The building is oriented at an oblique angle to the primary wind to reduce external pressures.

Site Plan

final Exterior Design

Exterior Elevation SE

Internal/External Circulation

final Exterior Design

Traditional Sรกmi Goahti

DN

DN DN DN UP

Fourth Floor Plan

Section at Gallery UP

DN

DN UP

Library Media Center

DN UP

DN UP

DN

UP

Public Use Support

Second Floor Plan

final

Visitor Experience & Construction

Spruce Wood CLT

interior wall finish

Low-E Insulated Glazing

12” thick CLT Wall Panel

Larch wood DLT

finish ceiling

3” Rigid Insulation

DLT Floor Structure

Wood framing 1” Insulated Sheathing

Larch wood DLT

acoustic profile

Hardwood cladding

Envelope Assembly Solid CLT Panels •Abundance of spruce wood in Sweden and Norway •Prefabricated, modular Performance Data •Thermal Conductivity: 0.12 W/(m*K) ; compliant w/ PassivHaus standards •Heat Capacity: 1600 J/(kg*K) •Airtight when sealed properly •High fire resistance and durability •Minimal thermal bridging

Wall Section

Passiv Cabin, Helen & Hard

acknowledgements Personal Reflection

Refining this project over the course of my thesis year has been both a trial and a delight, and perhaps the most rewarding opportunity I have ever been given throughout my education. Help and advice was offered by so many of my mentors, peers, and friends, and I am certain I could not have performed as well without their confidence in me.

Special thanks to:

my advisor; Don Jones, for nudging me in the right direction

my family; Mom, Dad, Kiersten, Rachel, George and Anders,

for being there every step of the way

my closest friends; Marguerite and Michele,

for keeping me grounded

my Sรกmi hosts; Miriam, Tim, Esaia and Jona,

for welcoming me into their home

my friend and mentor Josh Lessard,

for encouraging me to challenge myself

and Billy, for keeping me sane and always knowing how to

cheer me up.

Marie Ruisard thaw. A new voice for a

dying language Thesis Advisor: Don Jones