Kelsey Gibson

CARNATION HOUSING BLIGHT TO DELIGHT

KELSEY LOUISE GIBSON | DREXEL UNIVERSITY | 2021 | ADVISOR: JEFFREY KRIEGER

P E N N SY LVA N I A

2 HOUR DRIV E 104 MILE S

PROJECT LOCATION: 120 N. RICHLAND AVE. YORK, PA 17404

N E W J E RS E Y PHILADELPHIA

this thesis project is located in my hometown, york, pa. the blighted instrustrial site was once an agricultural grain elevator. but its delapidated condition has become a point of contention in my neighborhood. york was once known for its industry and manufacturing of goods. now these once bustling factories face the danger of being demolished.

M A RY L A N D

this thesis explores HOW NEW AND ADAPTIVE REUSE HOUSING can REVITALIZE A BLIGHTED INDUSTRIAL SITE AND SURROUNDING NEIGHBORHOOD. 1765

THE YORK FAIR WAS ESTABLISHED IN OLD YORK TOWN

1741

YORK CITY WAS LAID OUT, BECAME FIRST TOWN WEST OF THE SUSQUEHANNA RIVER

site history

1974

1853

RED ROSE FEED WAS SOLD TO CARNATION COMPANY

THE YORK COUNTY AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY WAS FOUNDED

1842

JOHN ESHELMAN BEGAN SELLING GRIST MILL PRODUCTS TO FRIENDS AND FAMILY IN LANCASTER CO.

1888

THE FAIR OUTGROWN ITS GROUNDS AND RELOCATED TO A 73-ACRE SITE

1862

JOHN ESHELMAN SOLD THE COMPANY TO HIS SON, WHOM STEERED THE COMPANY INTO ANIMAL FEED AND GROWTH

1926

2020

THE NEW GRANDSTAND WAS CONSTRUCTED, BECAME A 5-DAY EVENT

2000

FORMER MANNA PRO GRAIN ELEVATOR IS BEING DEMOLISHED FOR NEW DEVELOPEMENTS

NEW BUILDINGS HAVE BEEN CONSTRUCTED FOR DIFFERENT EVENTS MANNA PRO GRAIN ELEVATOR CLOSED ITS YORK CITY LOCATION

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vehicular path

pedestrian path & landmarks

YORK COUNTY FAIRGROUNDS

VACANT BUSINESS

FORMER MANNA PRO GRAIN ELEVATOR SITE: 91,620 SF BUILDING: 67,500 +/[ADAPTIVE REUSE]

EXISTING CELLULAR TOWER

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HIGHLAN D AVE.

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site analysis 10

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existing street conditions

york fair old memorial hall

adjacent rowhomes

york fair grand stand

united calvery church adjacent single family homes, rr xing

york fair expo gate

manna pro grain elevator

vacant storefront and parking lot

saint rose of lima church

definition: A grain elevator is an agrarian facility complex designed to stockpile or store grain. In grain trade, the term "grain elevator" also describes a tower containing a bucket elevator or a pneumatic conveyor, which scoops up grain from a lower level and deposits it in a silo or other storage facility.

BONDY SOCIAL HOUSING Guérin & Pedroza architectes PREVIOUS TO ITS RENOVATION, THIS WAS BUILDING A POST-WORLD WAR II HOUSING. THE OBJECTIVE FOR ITS RENOVATION TO IMPROVE THE LIVING ENVIRONMENT AND DE-DENSIFICATION.

GOUDA CHEESE WAREHOUSE LOFTS MEI ARCHITECTS AND PLANNERS ORIGINALLY A CHEESE WAREHOUSE, THE TRANSFORMATION IS VISIBLE ON THE INTERIOR WHERE ONCE A DARK ALLEY BETWEEN THE TWO BUILDINGS, NOW TRANSFORMED INTO A LIGHT ATRIUM.

casestudIES

process sketches

in early schematic design, I envisioned adding some sort of surround to one of the existing grain elevators. i experimented with exposing the existing steel structure at main areas of circulation, i didn’t know exactly what i wanted for my design in order to tie new and old together since there are so many different components to this structure.

initial massings

1

2

3

Original grain elevator built in the early 1900’s, with multiple additions.

demolish rear pole barn structure with adjacent masonry structure to allow for new construction and site work. Demolish outer core of grain elevator.

New mass to align with street front and surround rowhomes. New infill tower to be added to maximize circulation and program for users.

4

5

6

cut back tower infill to allow for roof gardens and better lighting to apartments. void through the existing tower for views of fair grounds and social areas for tenants. cut back fourth floor of new housing structure to be similar to existing rowhomes.

Increase height of tower infill, Possiblity of this area being a clubhouse for residents or additional housing units. Gabled roof represents grain tower typology.

Next moves....consider increasing tower height, begin manipulating facade, further develop site.

design review 16 january 2021 TOTAL PROGRAM SF: 62,350 SF SITE ACREAGE: 1.89 SITE SF: 82,328SF

STORAGE 2,500 SF 2-BEDROOM loft- 9 UNITS @ 1,200 SF =

MECH/CIRCULATION 12,400 SF

TOTAL = 41 UNITS

1-BEDROOM - 22 UNITS @ 750 SF = 9,000 SF

COMMUNITY CENTER/ CHILDCARE 3,000 SF 2-BEDROOM - 10 UNITS @ 1,250 SF = 5,000

3-BEDROOM - 2 UNITS @ 1,250 SF = 5,000 SF

work CORE 8,000 SF WORK SPACE SUPPORT SERVICES MENTORING COUNSELING SOCIAL AREAS computer access

GREEN SPACE/ PLAYGROUND 2,000 SF

massings * REMOVAL OF rear POLE BARN BUILDING IN REAR TO ALLOW new construction * GREEN ROOF ON TOWERS * PROGRAMS FOR EVENING USER ACTIVITY

KEY mad ison

APARTMENT UNITS 5

GREEN SPACE

6

CORNER CAFE

7

RESTAURANT/BAR COMMUNITY PANTRY

8

RETAIL

5

7

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5

2

5

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NEW CONSTRUCTION

2-3 BEDROOM UNITS

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4

1

3

pa r

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COMMUNITY SUPPORT

WORK AREAS

COMPUTER ACCESS COUNSELING MENTORING COMMONS CIRCULATION

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DAYCARE/COMMUNITY CENTER

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93’-0” STUDIO 600 SF

NEW CONSTRUCTION BEYOND

EXISTING TOWERS BEYOND

81’-0”

2-BR 1,200 SF

STUDIO 600 SF

65’-5”

2-BR 1,200 SF

STUDIO 600 SF

50’-5”

2-BR 1,200 SF

STUDIO 600 SF

93’-0” 81’-0” 65’-5” 50’-5”

NEW CONSTRUCTION BEYOND

34’-5”

34’-5”

18’-8” PLAY!

RESIDENTS’ COMMONS

PARKING

BUILDING SECTION A

18’-8” RAIL ROAD

PARKING

BUILDING SECTION B

YORK FAIRGROUNDS

VIEWS

e enu d av hlan n. ric

community pantry 1,200 SF retail 1,200 SF

2-BR/3-BR RESIDENTIAL UNITS

YORK FAIRGROUNDS A

RETAIL 1,700 SF

PLAY!

2-BR 2-BR 1,200 SF 1,200 SF B

stair

stair

STAIR

STAIR E

e daycare/community center 4,200 SF

community services 4,750 SF

corner cafe 1,500 SF

ROOF BELOW

1-BR 750 SF

STUDIO 600 SF

e enu d av hlan n. ric

YORK FAIRGROUNDS

community watering hole 4,000 SF

kitchen

RAIL ROAD

VIE WS

FORMER GRAIN STORAGE

YORK CITY

enue linden av ROOF BELOW

WESTERN MARYLAND FREIGHT LINE

plan development

WEST YORK

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BELOW

technical review 15 march 2021 my design took a step back in order to organize my concept prior to the technical review.

SURROUND

i created a parti based on my previous massing iterations and original goals for the affordable housing design. in order to delinate between the two grain elevators, I named them fred and ginger.

CONNECT

CONTAIN

revised parti GRAIN ELEVATOR 1: “FRED”

GRAIN ELEVATOR 2: “GINGER”

* REMOVAL OF rear POLE BARN BUILDING IN REAR TO ALLOW new construction * GREEN ROOF ON TOWERS * PROGRAMS FOR EVENING USER ACTIVITY

5

KEY 1

2 3

DAYCARE/COMMUNITY CENTER

2

2

APARTMENT UNITS COMMUNITY SUPPORT

WORK AREAS COMPUTERS COUNSELING MENTORING COMMONS CIRCULATION

4

NEW CONSTRUCTION

2-3 BEDROOM UNITS

5

GREEN SPACE

6

CORNER CAFE

1

5 par kin g

5

3

6

hland n. ric

e avenu

NEW

2 15' - 0"

3 11' - 8"

4 13' - 6"

5

7

6

13' - 6"

13' - 6"

10' - 3"

8

NEW ROOF 80' - 9"

12' - 0"

1

10' - 3"

EXISTING

ROOF MEMBRANE SYSTEM

A 21' - 0"

9' - 0"

spandrel beam

glulam column

B

WOOD BLOCKING R-7.5 RIGID INSULATION LGM FRAMING W/ BATT INSULATION STRUCTURAL CLT ROOF 1 FLOOR SYSTEM CLADDING 71' - 9" CERAMIC SYSTEM

20' - 6"

composite clt interior beam

R-7.5 RIGID INSULATION

20' - 6"

11' - 4"

C existing concrete structure

open to below

18' - 2 3/4"

LGM FRAMING W/ BATT INSULATION CERAMIC CLADDING SYSTEM R-7.5 RIGID INSULATION

12' - 1"

line indicates new construction tbd

D

TAPERED RIGID INSULATION 1/4" MIN. SLOPE FOURTH FLOOR NEW INFILL METAL COPING 47' - 8"

AIR BARRIER STRUCTURAL CLT WALL SYSTEM THIRD FLOOR 36' - 4" LGM FRAMING W/ BATT INSULATION

E

STRUCTURAL CLT FLOOR SYSTEM FIFTH FLOOR 59' - 8"

12' - 0"

16' - 2 1/2"

existing steel structure floor infills to be concrete over metal deck

NEW STRUCTURAL TIMBER AND CLT SYSTEM

LGM FRAMING W/ BATT INSULATION CERAMIC CLADDING SYSTEM R-7.5 RIGID INSULATION STRUCTURAL CLT FOURTH FLOOR FLOOR SYSTEM NEW INFILL 47' - 8" SECOND FLOOR 20' - 1 1/2" R-7.5 RIGID INSULATION

STRUCTURAL CLT FLOOR SYSTEM

11' - 4"

NEW STRUCTURAL TIMBER AND CLT SYSTEM

6.9

7.8

8.8

9.8

11

12

13

14

15

16

LGM FRAMING W/ BATT INSULATION LGM FRAMING W/ BATT INSULATION STRUCTURAL CLT CERAMIC CLADDING WALL SYSTEM SYSTEM R-7.5 RIGID R-7.5 INSULATION

A

EXISTING CONCRETE STRUCTURE

AIR BARRIER 20' - 1 1/2"

EXISTING CONCRETE STRUCTURE

DAYCARE - MEZZ 10' - 0" FLOOR THIRD 36' - 4"

B STRUCTURAL CLT FLOOR SYSTEM

C 1

2

3

4

5

ALUM CURTAIN WALL SYSTEM

B.9 6

7

8

9

10

C.7

EXPANSION JOINT

D D.3

E F

16' - 2 1/2"

UP

EXISTING MASONRY, STEEL, WD TRUSS STRUCTURE

G

EXISTING STEEL STRUCTURE

EXISTING MASONRY, STEEL, WD TRUSS STRUCTURE

CRUSHED STONE

FIRST FLOOR 0' - 0" R-10 FOUNDATION INSULATION 2'-0" LGM FRAMING W/ VERT. AND HORIZ. BATT INSULATION STRUCTURAL CERAMIC CONCRETE CLADDING SYSTEM FOUNDATION R-7.5 RIGID INSULATION

structural parti

STRUCTURAL CLT FLOOR SYSTEM

SECOND FLOOR 20' - 1 1/2"

CONCRETE SLAB ON GRADE

EXISTING FOUNDATION

final review

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isi mad YORK FAIRGROUNDS

1 2

11

VEHICLE ENTRANCE

2

tenant PARKING

3

DAYCARE DROPOFF/PICKUP

4

PLAYGROUND

5

VISITOR PARKING

6

OUTDOOR cafe SEATING

7

fred

8

ginger

9

the “bar”

10

DELIVERIES/MAINT.

11

FUTURE ROWHOMES

12

VEHICLE EXIT

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2

1

n

8

5

4

venue linden a

10 6

3 7

12

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western maryland rail line

site PLAN

final review

stair b

2-br unit

2-br unit commons 2-br unit

playground

mech. mentoring stair a

e stor. kit.

lobby

kit.

mailroom

breakrm

lobby group

classrm

classrm

classrm

bike stor

cafe

office

reception

GROUND FLOOR PLAN

work services

final review stair b

2-br unit

2-br unit

1-br unit

1-br unit

1-br unit circulation 1-br unit

1-br unit 1-br unit

stair a

e

1-br unit

1-br unit roof below 2-br unit

typical upper floor plan

stair b

3-br loft

3-br loft

2-br loft

2-br loft

2-br loft

commons/ circulation

2-br loft

2-br loft

stair a

future daycare expansion

laundry

2-br loft

e

rooftop garden

lounge/ breakout space

open to below open office

communal dining

PLAN axon

second floor plan

open office

final review

east elevation

north elevation

2

1

3

4

west elevation

south elevation

final review

southeast approach

as you approach this beautiful monster, your eyes are drawn to the many masses and materials of this affordable housing. the new construction built on fred acts as a beacon with its orange and white terracotta cladding. pockets of space for gathering are evident throughout the adaptive reuse housing, from roof top gardens to streetside cafes.

connective rooftop view

atrium (ginger)

bar entry

commons (ginger)

final review the final design for this adaptive reuse affordable housing connects new and old. the use of wood cladding on ginger creates a sense of warmth against the existing concrete structure. the plug and play units are integral to the facade. expansive windows overlook the fairgrounds and york city. the bar acts as an visible connection to the its industrial past. new materials wrap fred to highlight new and old. connective tissue cushions the meeting of both fred and ginger. northeast approach

northwest approach

northwest entrance + daycare

PROBLEM

SOLUTION

HOW CAN NEW AND ADAPTIVE REUSE REVITALIZE A BLIGHTED INDUSTRIAL SITE AND SURROUNDING NEIGHBORHOOD?

DESIGN THAT BENEFITS AND MEETS NEEDS THE SURROUNDING COMMUNITY, IN THIS CASE, ITS AFFORDABLE HOUSING WITH MENTORING AND SUPPORT SERVICES, AND DAYCARE FOR ITS RESIDENTS AND COMMUNITY. BY REUSING BLIGHTED BUILDING IT WILL CREATE ACTIVITY THAT WILL OVERFLOW THE SURROUNDING COMMUNITY. BY BLENDING OLD AND NEW ELEMENTS IT CREATES A LINK TO THE PAST AND BRINGS A SENSE OF HOPE FOR THE FUTURE.

final review feedback * * * * *

the organization of this design has really come together with the naming of the two grain elevators, fred and ginger. site could be developed more. (i agree) the parti is evident throughout the design there is some chaos with the material selections (I disagree - orange terracotta was meant to be beacon on fred) green roofs are lacking in drawings (i agree, due to time)

*

*

the final two comparison views of before/after are very compelling and sell the project. a ton of these types of comparative views could have been made. leaves you wanting more. in the end, despite some loose ends, the project has come together.