Eli Agia

Lima, Peru

RENACIMIENTO (n): revival, renaissance

Center for Water Research + Education

Elias Agia Bachelor of Architecture Thesis Drexel University 2018-2019 Advisor: Bob Nalls

POOR WATER QUALITY CONTRIBUTORS

THESIS STATEMENT

Through specific, curated design and research, can Lima’s main water sources be studied and improved upon while creating a desirable public amenity?

Climate + geography « Rapid expansion of mining « Poor + fragmented governmental regulation « Inadequate purification capabilities « Over-extraction of natural aquifers « Improper waste disposal + illegal dumping «

MISSON

The Center for Water Research and Education will be an independent research and education organization committed to the betterment of water access and quality for the residents of Lima, Peru.

CHILLÓN RIVER

GOALS + VISION 1

Collect data and assess overall condition of water sources serving Lima and surrounding areas 2 Mobilize into local waterways to test new and cutting edge techniques that have been prototyped in the lab 3 Provide resources and workshops for local communities on ways they can make a difference 4 Engage professionals and students to collaborate and get involved 5 Assist local government in efforts to improve and stabilize water quality

1

Proximity to significant water source Strong pedestrian connection potential 3 Easily accessible by public, students, staff, + researchers 4 Previously developed site in need of upgrades 5 In alignment with master plan goals [PLAM 2035] for the area 2

LURÍN RIVER

FAST FACTS

CRITERIA FOR SELECTION

SITE

RÍMAC RIVER

3 million people lack access to safe water. 5 million lack access to improved sanitation.

Though 1/3 of Peru’s population lives in Lima, only 2.2% of its water resources are found there.

Lima has 3 ‘major’ rivers, and therefore 3 distinct watersheds: Chillón, Rímac, and Lurín.

BACKGROUND

0-14

24.3%

15-29 45-59 60+

ETHNIC GROUPS

27.2%

30-44

Lima has one of the country’s highest high school enrollment levels

60% 26% Asian + Afro-Peruvians 8% European Peruvians 6% Mestizo Indigenous Peoples

22.5% 15.4% 10.6%

15%

32%

33%

>6k soles >$1,840

2k-6k soles $612-$1,840

840-2k soles 420-840 soles $257-$612 $128-$257

18%

6,242 Private Elementary + High Schools

1,805 Public Elementary + High Schools

Average 100-130 students each

Average 400-500 students each

60

40

20

0

HIGHER EDUCATION PARTICIPATION

74% of higher education students are in universities and 26% in technical vocational institutions.

<420 soles <$128

30 mm [1 inch]

81°F

25 mm

80°F

20 mm 15 mm

79°F

PRECIPITATION

TEMPERATURE

2016 2000

80

Combined, over 1.5+ million students educated

LIMA AVG MONTHLY TEMPS + PRECIPITATION

82°F

100

NUMBER OF INSTITUTIONS

AVG MONTHLY FAMILY INCOME 4%

The Pontifical Catholic University of Peru is the oldest private university in Lima, established in 1917.

Lima’s climate is subtropical desert, but it’s unusually arid and mild, due to the cold Homboldt ocean current. This combination gives it distinctly unique weather patterns from the rest of the country.

[.5 inch] 78°F

10 mm

77°F

5 mm

76°F

0 mm

RESEARCH

Jan

Feb

Mar

Apr

May

Jun

TEMPERATURE

Jul

Aug

23%

AGE DISTRIBUTION

Lima is home to the oldest continuously operating higher learning institution in the New World Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos.

Compare to US average rate of 60%

86.1%

31,770,000

Home to universities, institutions, and schools, Lima has the highest concentration of higher learning institutions on the South American continent.

37%

PERU

9,752,000

29% of

Sep

RAINFALL

Oct

Nov

Dec

FAST FACTS

LIMA

FAST FACTS

POPULATION

The warmest and fairest weather in Lima with clear and sunny skies - occurs generally from December to April.

The mildest yet most humid weather in Lima - with gray, misty skies - occurs generally from May to October.

Lima’s wet season generally occurs from November through April, while dry season is May through October.

HURTADO

DE MEND

OZA ST.

PEDESTRIAN ACCESS JULIAN PINEIRO DR.

CASTANETA ST.

GARCIA

.

YOC ST HUALGA

The Parque de la Muralla is located in a culturally rich and historic part of the CAJAMARCA ST. city, right in the action and excitement of a well-preserved district.

EQUE ST.

TRUJILLO ST.

CHICLAYO ST.

PAITA ST.

AYABAC A ST.

POINTS OF INTEREST

PLAZA DE TOROS DE ACHO

ON

RAN

MA

CASMA ST. The site is considerably pedestrian-friendly with various points of access, despite being spread between two levels. A significant challenge to overcome is the existing rail line bisecting the site, only circumvented by adding new pedestrian bridges.

ST.

EVITAMIENTO DR.

CASMA ST.

LAMBAY

PLAZA DE ARMAS DE RÍMAC

RÍMAC RIVER

JULIAN PINEIRO DR.

SITE

EVITAMIENTO DR.

ST

.

RÍMAC RIVER

PARQUE DE LA MURALLA

SH

ST.

ST.

YLAS AND AHUA

CA

CA

PA

AN

AY AC UC HO

YA

VE .

S ST.

LA M

ANCAS CONGRESO H ST. DE LA REPUBLICA DEL PERU

PLAZA BOLIVAR

AMAZONA

ST.

.

ST HUA

HUA

NTA

NUC O ST

.

ST.

ST. RO PA RU

AV AB

ST.

CONSULTARIO MEDICO SAN CAMILO

CA RA BA YA

ST. AHUA

MUSEO NACIONAL AFROPERUANA

CA Y

N

GA

AND

SU

.

LA

AY AC UC HO

DE

T.

CATEDRALPERDE UN DA LIMA ST

IO UN

AL

AN GALERIA ARTESENAL CA SH SAN FRANSISCO S E.

ST

.

DE

YLAS

ST.

RA

BA

YA

ST. Y CONVENTO BASÍLICA DE SAN FRANSISCO

CA

PLAZA DE ARMAS CON HU

AMAZONAS ST.

AMAZONAS

AB AN

PALACIO DE GOBIERNO

.

ST

.

PALACIO MUNICIPAL

ST

CASA DE LITERATURA PERUANA

AN

CA

M AN

A

SITE

CAJAMARCA ST.

DE MEND

OZA ST.

EQUE

JULIAN PINEIRO DR.

CASTANETA ST.

ST. AYOC

HURTADO

HUALG

GARCIA ST.

TRUJILLO ST.

CHICLAYO ST.

PAITA ST.

AYABAC A

ST.

CASMA ST.

ON

RAN

MA

ST.

EVITAMIENTO DR.

LAMBAY

CASMA ST.

RÍMAC RIVER

JULIAN PINEIRO DR.

SITE

EVITAMIENTO DR.

ST

.

RÍMAC RIVER

CA

ST. HO UC

AY

AC

The site is generally surround by narrow, one way streets. Any two way AN Ccarry street does more traffic at a higher speed, but Amazonas St. to the AS HS south does a good T. job of keeping traffic slow. Parking has been kept to the west of the site, a ramp taking cars down to the lower level.

CA

.

ST

PA

M

YA

VE

.

RA NUC

HUA

CA

O ST .

ST. NTA

ST. RO

RU

VEHICULAR ACCESS

AHUA YLAS

YA

S ST.

BA

ST. AHUA

AC AY

Sitting along the banks of the Rímac River, there’s inherently a ST. potential for flooding, shown above. The risk is elevated during the ANCAS H ST. rainy season from November through April, exacerbated by the fact that the river is at the same elevation as the surrounding landscape.

DA

PA

UN

AND

ER

AMAZONA

LA

ST.

UP

HUA

GA

ES

YLAS

ST.

LA

AV E.

.

ST

N

UN IO

AL

ST.

NC AY

ED

FLOODING RISK HU

SH

AB A

ND

CA

UC HO

CA

CO

AN

AND

ST .

.

ST A BA Y RA

ST.

ST.

PARKING

AMAZONAS ST.

AMAZONAS

AB AN

M

AN A

SITE

SITE

PROGRAM

theSTAFF theSTUDENT

theRESEARCHER theVISITORS

PROJECT USERS

NET BUILDING SQUARE FOOTAGE

1 Research Laboratory: 5,030 SF 2 Production + Testing Facility: 3,550 SF 3 Environmental Education Exhibit: 3,550 SF TOTAL BUILDING 4 Demo Lab:

1,500 SF 51,500 SF 5 Multipurpose Space: 3,700 SF 6 Seminar Space: 1,540 SF 7 Specialty + Lab Support:

1,400 SF 8 Administrative Offices: 840 SF 9 Researcher & Staff Offices: 600 SF 10 Outdoor Classroom 900 SF 11 Reception // Lobby // Atrium: 1,300 SF 12 Mechanical: 1,620 SF 13 Toilet Rooms: 550 SF 14 General + Exhibit Storage: 400 SF 15 Electrical + I.T. Closets:

120 SF 16 Janitorâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s Closet: 60 SF SUPPORT & CIRCULATION

Total: 26,600 SF 17 Circulation + Walls: 24,900 SF

SECONDARY FUNCTION

SIZE:

PRIMARY FUNCTION

PACHACAMAC SITE MUSEUM design influences: scale + regionalism

OLYMPIC SCULPTURE PARK design influences: context + siting

PASSIVE HOUSE PAVILION design influences: sustainable/site strategies

architect: Llosa Cortegana Arquitectos client: Sanctuary of Pachacamac location: Lurin, Peru size: 32,600 sq ft design: contemporary take on prehispanic architecture

architect: Weiss/Manfredi client: Seattle Art Museum location: Seattle, Washington size: 392,000 sq ft design: new experience for modern and contemporary art outside the museum walls, redefining urban sculpture parks

architect: SUP Atelier client: Longfor Real Estate Orient Sundar Windows location: Hebei, China size: 12,900 sq ft design: function|landscape|circulation

CASE STUDIES

CASMA ST.

JULIAN PINEIRO DR.

EVITAMIENTO DR.

SH

ST. CASMA ST.

ST.

ST. HO UC

PARTI OPTION AC

CA

AY

AN

AB AN CA YA VE .

LA M

PA

ST

.

S ST.

YLAS

CA RA BA YA

AMAZONA

AND AHUA

ST

.

RÍMAC RIVER

1

JULIAN PINEIRO DR.

EVITAMIENTO DR.

HO UC

ST.

PARTI OPTION AND

AY

ST. CASMA ST.

AC

YA CA

SH

AN

CA

AB

AN

LA

M

PA

ST

.

CA

VE

.

ST.

S ST.

YLAS

RA BA YA

AMAZONA

AHUA

ST

.

RÍMAC RIVER

2

JULIAN PINEIRO DR.

EVITAMIENTO DR.

ST. CASMA ST.

T. OS CH CU

PARTI OPTION AND

SH

AY A

YA CA

CA

AB AN

AN

LA

M

PA

ST .

CA

VE .

RA BA Y

S ST.

AS ST .

A

AMAZONA

AHUA YL

ST

.

RÍMAC RIVER

3

JULIAN PINEIRO DR.

EVITAMIENTO DR.

ST.

ST. YLAS

OS T. CH AC U

PARTI OPTION AY

YA SH

CA

CA

AN

AN

AB

LA

M

PA

ST

.

CA

VE .

RA

BA Y

S ST.

AHUA

A

AMAZONA

AND

ST .

RÍMAC RIVER

4

PROCESS DRAWINGS + MODELS

C

EVITAMIENTO DR.

LA B

SU PP

OR T

A

MECHANICAL 2700 SF

RESEARCH LAB 1100 SF

OFFICES & LAB SUPPORT

MEN

WOMEN

OF

FIC ES &

B

D

LOBBY 1300 SF

RESEARCH LAB 3600 SF

SPECIALTY LAB

A

PRODUCTION & TESTING FACILITY 4200 SF

UP

C

YA

VE

.

B

AB

AN

CA

LOBBY & RECEPTION 2700 SF

AMAZON

.

PLAZA LEVEL PLAN 1/16”=1’-0”

C

0’

16’

32’

64’

A

SITE PLAN

UP BS

RESEARCH LAB 1100 SF

OFFICES & LAB SUPPORT

PRODUCTION & TESTING FACILITY 4200 SF

INNOVATION LAB 1300 SF

UP

MULTIPURPOSE 2700 SF

ADMIN 900 SF DN

DEMO LAB 1700 SF

SEMINAR 2000 SF

C

VIEW 1

DEMO LAB 1700 SF

B

MEN

LOBBY 1300 SF

RESEARCH LAB 3600 SF

SPECIALTY LAB

D

A

WOMEN

MEN

WOMEN

MECHANICAL 2700 SF

PLAZA LEVEL PLAN

LA

B

D

&

360’

ES

120’

OF

60’

FIC

STREET LEVEL PLAN

PO

RT

1”=60” 0’

AC

PA

ST

AY

SITE PLAN

D

M

SH

UC

.

AS ST.

ST

CA

LA

AN

HO

ST.

UP

B

B ENVIRONMENTAL EDUCATION EXHIBIT 6000 SF

VIEW 2

DN

LOBBY & RECEPTION 2700 SF UP

UPPER LEVEL PLAN

PLAZA LEVEL PLAN

1/16”=1’-0”

1/16”=1’-0” 0’

16’

32’

FALL REVIEW DRAWINGS

D

D

64’

0’

16’

32’

64’

0’

60’

120’

VIEW 1

360’

VIEW

SECTION AA

AN

0’

8’

16’

CA

AN

32’

SH

CA

SH

ST

.

ST

.

AMAZONA

S ST.

AMAZONA

S ST.

VIEW 1 AY

32’

1/8”=1’-0”

AB

SECTION AA

8’ 16’ SECTION AA

LA M LAM PA P ST A ST . .

1/8”=1’-0” 0’

VIEW

AC AYA UC CUC HO H ST. O ST .

AN ABA CA NC Y A AY V E AV E. .

VIEW 1

SITE PLAN

VIEW

VIEW 3

1”=60”

SITE PLAN

1”=60” 0’ 60’

120’

360’

0’

120’

360’

60’

VIEW

SECTION BB

VIEW 3

1/8”=1’-0”

SECTION BB

0’SECTION 8’ 16’ BB 1/8”=1’-0”

32’

0’

32’

8’

16’

VIEW 2

VIEW 1 VIEW 1

VIEW 2 VIEW 2

SECTION CC 1/8”=1’-0”

SECTION CC

0’SECTION 8’ 16’ CC 1/8”=1’-0”

32’

0’

32’

8’

16’

VIEW 3 VIEW 4 VIEW 3

VIEW 4

VIEW 3

SECTION DD

SECTION DD 1/8”=1’-0”

0’ 8’ 16’ SECTION DD 1/8”=1’-0”

32’

0’

32’

FALL REVIEW DRAWINGS 8’

16’

VIEW 4

1

INTERACTION WITH SITE

Connection to existing site amenities and river’s edge can be strengthened, while still allowing circulation to flow through.

2

Roof shape + configuration doesn’t leverage natural resources or highlight didactic educational component.

Design Response: Shift building to align w/ primary pedestrian park entry.

3

BUILDING DESIGN

Aesthetic + form too closely resembles lab / big pharma. Design would benefit from less formal arrangement.

Design Response: Break down scale + focus on regional style.

ROOF PROFILES

Design Response: Optimize rainwater collecting potential.

4

PROGRAM DISTRIBUTION

Layout is too rigid and doesn’t reflect vision of open and transparent research + education center.

Design Response: Create separate nodes that allow for open circulation.

FALL REVIEW RESPONSE TO FEEDBACK

EXTERIOR MATERIALS + DETAILING EPDM ROOFING MEMBRANE 1/2” COVERBOARD OVER RIGID INSULATION

Strong, long-lasting, and resistant to rot and decay. Sourced heavily from eco-consciously managed forests in Peru, it is a more sustainable alternative than over-harvested wood products.

CUMARU WOOD GLULAM BEAM

CUMARU WOOD

Extremely durable, recylable, and environmentally-friendly, it is abundantly sourced from local areas of Peru, making it a sustainable, attractive exterior cladding material.

2x8 WD STUDS W/ BATT INSULATION ZINC / CUMARU WD RAINSCREEN CLADDING

ZINC CLADDING

CUMARU WOOD GLULAM COLUMN CURTAINWALL GLAZING SYSTEM

Highly efficient and energy-reducing, multiple pane glazing units separated by a gas filled space and low-e coating are critical in hot climates for reducing heat transfer.

CUMARU WOOD DOWEL LAMINATED TIMBER

LOW-E COATED INSULATED GLAZING UNIT

RIGID INSULATION BREAK AT SLAB EDGE

6" MIN

SLAB-ON-GRADE CONCRETE FLOOR + FOOTING

4' - 0"

WATERPROOFING MEMBRANE

TECHNICAL REVIEW DRAWINGS

WEATHER

THERMAL

STRUCTURAL

ENVELOPE STRATEGY

TECHNICAL REVIEW DRAWINGS

1

22’-6”

GLULAM GLULAM

26’-0”

GLULAM

GLULAM

2

20’-0”

10.5”x24.75”

10.5”x16.5”

9’-6”

GLULAM

10.5”x24.75”

22’-6”

34’-6”

20’-0”

TYPICAL STRUCTURAL BAY 9’-6” 10’-6”

TYPICAL STRUCTURAL BAY

10.5”x16.5”

GLULAM

10.5”x24.75”

10.5”x24.75” 10.5”x9.625” GLULAM COLUMN

STRUCTURAL STRATEGY

MECHANICAL STRATEGY

MECHANICAL CONDITIONING + VENTILATION PASSIVE CONDITIONING + VENTILATION

MECH PE

NTHOUSE

MECH

TECHNICAL REVIEW DRAWINGS

MARAN

ON ST.

LORETO ST.

N. PAN-AMERICAN AVE.

AB AN

CA Y

AV

E.

RĺMAC RIVER

PLAZA LEVEL

ST

.

OS T. CH

AS ST.

CU

SH

AMAZON

AY A

M

CA

LA

AN

PA

ST

.

STREET LEVEL

SITE PLAN

FINAL REVIEW DRAWINGS

LANDSCAPED BIO-SWALE + BUFFER

ABOVEGROUND RAINWATER CISTERN + LIVING MACHINE

UNDERGROUND WATER STORAGE CISTERNS

GREEN ROOFS FOR STORMWATER MANAGEMENT

SUSTAINABLE SYSTEMS DIAGRAM

NEW STREET LEVEL ENTRY

WATER CANAL FOR RESEARCH + FLOOD MITIGATION

SECTION AA

FINAL REVIEW DRAWINGS

RIMAC RIVER

NEW ELEVATED RIVER WALK

NEW UNDERGROUND CISTERNS

RAILROAD TRACKS

NEW PLAZA LEVEL ENTRY

CITY WALL RUINS

GREEN SPACE

AMAZONAS STREET

EXISTING CONTEXT

NEW TERRACED LANDSCAPE

STREET LEVEL PLAN

C

DEMO LAB 1500 SF

RESEARCH LAB 3550 SF

DN

SEMINAR 1500 SF

OUTDOOR CLASSROOM 900 SF

B

A

DN

DN

MECH

M

DN

W

SPECIALTY + LAB SUPPORT 700 SF

ADMIN 840 SF

B

C

DN DN

ENVIRONMENTAL EDUCATION EXHIBIT 3550 SF

A

FINAL REVIEW DRAWINGS

PLAZA LEVEL PLAN

C UP

MULTIPURPOSE 3700 SF

A B RESEARCH LAB 1480 SF UP

PRODUCTION + TESTING FACILITY 3550 SF

UP

MECHANICAL 1200 SF MECH

SPECIALTY + LAB SUPPORT 700 SF

B

UP

LOWER LOBBY 1300 SF UP

UP

A

FINAL REVIEW DRAWINGS

UP

C

SECTION BB

FINAL REVIEW DRAWINGS

SECTION CC

FINAL REVIEW DRAWINGS

FINAL REVIEW DRAWINGS

FINAL REVIEW DRAWINGS