Umurima wa kijambere: vitamine n'ivyunyunyu ngirakamaro ku magara yanyu

Mirja Holtrop

Umurima wa kijambere: vitamine n'ivyunyunyu ngirakamaro ku magara yanyu

Imirima mu mas hule

Itunganyw a ry'umurima Imirima rusangi

Mirja Holtrop

Umurima wa kijambere: vitamine n'ivyunyunyu ngirakamaro ku magara yanyu

Nyene igitabu ni:

1 Intangamarara

4

Dutangure ... – Ingingo nkenerwa zo gutunganya umurima – Ikibanza kibereye – Ikibazo c’ikibanza umurima ujamwo – Izuba, umuyaga, igicucu – Imbuto zikura neza mu gicucu – Umurima w’imboga – Itegurwa ry’imirima

2 Isi nziza: tubabwire vyose kw’isi imera

13

Intambwe ya mbere: imisiba n’ikimenyamenya c’isi iryoshe ku biterwa – Harura imisiba – Akamoto – Kuvomera isi – Umviriza – Umuntu amenya ubwoko bw’isi gute? – Ivyatsi canke ibindi biti bimera birabaha inyigisho ku bwoko bw’isi mufise – Ifumbire na nyabarega

3 Tuvugane ukuri ku vyerekeye ingene ifumbire yokorwa Ikibanza gikwiranye no gukora ifumbire – Mbega bigenda gute kugira ifumbire iboneke?

4 Itera ry’imbuto mu murima

22

26

Imbuto kama – Mwirinde imbuto zihinguye canke zisubiwemwo kamere (OGM) – Ububasha bwo kumera – Isi ndimwa – Udusandugu canke udukopo tw’amatuta – Ukumerereza kw‘ibiterwa – Imera ry’imbuto ku murango canke mu mwijima – Kuvomera – Kwegeranya imbuto – Itegurwa ry’imirima

5 Itunganywa ry’umurima: hoterwa iki kandi coterwa hehe?

38

Ibibanza vyiza canke biberanye n’indimo – Ibiti vyo gushigikira indimo

6 Ido n’ido ku buzima bw’ibiterwa, indwara zavyo n’ibindi biza

45

Ibifyera – „Orties“ – Ibibazurwa vy‘ibiti – Udukoko ngirakamaro – Amashurwe ni meza ku dukoko – Ibibanza udukoko ngirakamaro twinyegezamwo – udukoko twonona imirima n’indwara z’ibiterwa

7 Ido n’ido ku vyerekeye inzuki

58

Imiti yo kurwanya ubukoko y'ikizungu irageramira inzuki – Tuvugane ukuri ku vyerekeye inzuki – Ibiterwa bivamwo imfungurwa

8 Itera – ubuzima bw’ibiterwa buratanguye ...

65

Ingene imirima itegurwa – Umurima w’imboga – Ibiterwa bimotesha neza imfungurwa

9 Ici – Gutegura imirima hagati ya Ruheshi na Nzero Itunganywa – Icungerwa – itegurwa ry’ivyatsi vy’ibirungo hakoreshejwe umunyo

73

4

1 Intangamarara Kumenya ingene umurima w’imboga canke ibindi biterwa bitunganywa muri kino gihe bisigaye bifise akamaro ntangere. Imfungurwa zo mu tuguriro tumwe bita supermarché ntikizidushika ku nyota, kenshi na kenshi usanga izo mfungurwa zuzuye bwa bumara bw’imiti y’ikizungu ikoreshwa mu kurwanya indwara z’ibiterwa. Iyo miti ikoreshwa mu kurwanya indwara z’ibiterwa ifise ingarukambi zihambaye ku magara y‘abantu. Iyo miti turayisanga kensi mu ndimo.

UBUGURIRO UBUMARA

Iki gitabu kibereka ingene mushobora kurima mukimbura imfungurwa mwirimiye zuzuye vitamine n’ibindi vyunyunyu ngirakamaro mu mubiri, mutarinze kuzera inze ngo mwizera amasoko yo hanze y‘igihugu canke ubundi buguriro, canke mbere infashanyo ziva mu bihugu bimwe bimwe canke amashirahamwe mpuzamakungu yo gufashanya. Hamwe abantu bose botegura imirima mu ngo no mu matongo yabo isi n’abayibako bomererwa neza gusumba uko bameze muri kino gihe!

IMFUNGURWA NYAZO BITA

Intangamarara

Dutangure...

Iki gitabu cerekana intambwe imwe imwe yose ukwayo yotuma uwari wese aba umuhinga mu vyerekeye indimo mu rugo iwe. Birabereye hamwe mwoja hamwe n’abandi barimyi bo kw’isi yose mugahahana ivyiyumviro. Hariho umurongo ngurakanabumenyi mu Kirundi ariwo www.urugendorwubuzima.bi canke mukaja kuri www.movement-of-life.org muzindi ndimi, nk’icongereza canke igifaransa. Kuri iyi mirongo murashobora kuhasiga amazina yanyu mukongera mugasoma ibitabu bihari. Uko umwaka utashe tuzogira ihiganwa dutange agashimwe ku muntu yasumbije abandi gukora umurima, umurima woba uteye igomwe gusumba iyindi. Ntimutangwe rero gutegura mukerebutse umurima wanyu!

Ingingo nkenerwa zo gutunganya umurima Twifuza yuko umurima wacu womera neza, ibiterwa bikamera, nico gituma dukwiye gutora ikibanza nyaco kibereye. Ingingo zikurikira zirakwiye gukurikizwa: izuba rikwiye ariko atari ikirenga, ikibanza ata muyaga uhari n’ibindi.

Muhejeje kumenya aho umurima uja, nivyiza kumenya ingene umurima utegerezwa kureha haba mu bwaguke canke mu burebure. Mushatse gushiraho amashurwe atandukanya indimo, murashobora kuyashiraho, nta kintu na kimwe yonona, mushaka ibiraya, mushaka amashu, ivyo vyose bibavako?

Mu kanya turaza kubabwira imvo zotuma mushira amashurwe mu mirima yanyu.

5

6

Intangamarara

Ikibanza kibereye co kurimamwo Ikibanza kibereye kiva ku bantu bakorera umurima.

Abantu 4 bakeneye umurima hafi wa metero 150 nimba bashaka kuronka umwimbu ukwiye mu mwaka.

Mudafise ikibanza gikwiye, nta ngorane, turabereka ingene mwobigenza. Hariho ubwoko bw’ibiterwa bukura ningoga gusumba ubundi. Gurtyo mushobora kugira umwimbu unyaruka nka kabiri mu mwaka. Kubera yuko ikirere cama kimeze neza mu Burundi, ata mbeho nyinshi canke ubugaragwa buhari, birashoboka yuko haba umwimbu nka 2 canke mbere 3 ku mwaka ku biterwa bimwe bimwe.

Ikindi kibazo cerekeye ifumbire y‘ikirundi. Ifumbire ry‘ikirundi rirakeneye igihe kugira ngo riboneke. Harakenewe yuko imisigazwa ibanza kugirwa ubunywenywe, canke muri nyabarega hakab hatose kandi hapfutse. Mu mpapuro zikurikira turaza kubigarukako.

Isi nziza kandi imera irahambaye Isi nziza uyumva uyikoze mu ntoke: imera nk’iyifata mu minwe, urashobora kuyigira nk’agapira kiburungushuye.

Ushoboye kuyigira gutryo, ivyo bivuga yuko itotahaye, iyo iba ari isi nyayo ushobora kurima ugatera ibiterwa ushatse.

Iyo isi irimwo umusenyi mwinsh i, ivyo bigatuma ata mazi atega, ivyo bifise inkurikizi yuko ibiterwa bimwe bimwe bidashobora kumera mw’isi nkiyo. Ni ngombwa ngo mushiremwo ifumbire nyinshi canke murime ibiterwa bidakenera amazi menshi.

Intangamarara

Ikindi kintu mukwiye kumenya n’urugezo rw’amazi ari mu kuzimu. Murashobora kubaza abantu babizi nk’abigeze kurimira muri ico kibanza canke abahabaye. Aha niho habonekera akamaro ko kurondera ikibanza ciza kibereye nko mu gitutu canke ahantu amazi y’imvura ashobora guca atemba kugira isi igume ibomvye.

7

Ku ba nt ha kan u baba aha ntu ye can e, k uta r ima mu musabwa ri Musab we k u ico g ihe. r indira imbeho yu ig y uko iy abanuka. Tw ko i ib mu Bu ngo rane mut aza r und,i ayifise u re ha kan ye can tse a ka re r e e ka Rw nko m eg u ra u k a r c e re ank canke k u mis e i Teza ozi iha namye .

INGENE ISI NDIMWA ITUNGANIJE ISI YO HAGATI NA HAGATI

ISI YO MUNSI Urugero rw’amazi AMAZI YO MU KUZIMU

Ikindi mukwiye kwitwararika n’utugazo tuba mw’isi ndimwa. Utwo tugazo tumeze nk’imirongo ibamwo ata muntu yayiciye. Ishobora kuzanwa n’imvura. Utwo tugazo twerekana akabande ingene amazi atemba. Birakenewe yuko muza murarima iyo si kugira muzimanganye utwo tugazo, ivyo bituma amazi ari mu kuzimu aguma ngaho ntatembe.

Ibi navyo bituma mukenera amazi makeya yo kuvomera.

8

Intangamarara

Ikibanza kibereye Iyo umurima wanyu uri ahantu hahanamye hashobora kuba inkukura, mukwiye gukora umurima wanyu ku buryo isi ndimwa itotwarwa n’imvura y’isegenya, mworima muciye imiserege yo kugwanya inkukura.

Imirima iri ahantu hahanamye iraronka izuba ryinshi, twobahanura kuharima na cane cane ibiterwa birinda izuba nk’ibiharage, itomati canke imizabibu n’ibindi. Mwomenya kandi nuko imirima ihanamiye ubumanuko bushira uburengerazuba ishushe gusumba iyihanamiye ubuseruko. Isi ihanamiye uburaruko bushira ubuseruko iratotahaye gusumba ibindi bibanza. Ivyo rero mukwiye kuvyitwararika.

ira o muzit k u y e w e Bira ken any u k ug ira w a im umu r ga e umuya d in r u w u m a. w’ik ireng Ku bantu bafise imyaba mu mwonga, nukuvuga ahantu hari amazi menshi ni vyiza kuhatera nk’intore(aubergine), meloni, ipinari canke i salade(laitue).

Intangamarara

Ni nkenerwa yuko isi irimwa kenshi kugira umwavu ushobore gukwira hose. Murasabwe no gusuzuma yuko ibice vy’umurima bironka izuba rikwiye, amazi y’imvura canke ata muyaga w’ikirenga uhari. Muramaze kuronka ubwo bumenyi bwose, twibaza yuko buzobafasha gutegura aho muzotera ibiterwa n’ingene muzobigenza.

Izuba, umuyaga n’igitutu Ikibanza kirimwo izuba kandi kitagira umuyaga nico kibanza nyaco co kurimamwo. Imishwarara y‘izuba ikoranye n’ubushuhe bubayabaye ni kirumara ku biterwa n’umwavu. Ibiterwa nka pwavoro z’icatsi kibisi(poivron), imyungu (courgette), intore (aubergine) n’ipilipili birakeneye ibibanza birimwo izuba ryinshi. Akayaga kabayabaye karafasha kwirinda indwara n’udukoko tumwe tumwe tugeramira ibiterwa, ariko igihuhusi ntaco gifasha na gato ibiterwa kuko bica vyicwa n’imbeho canke umwuzure.

Birakenewe yuko mugira ibiti bikeya mu murima vyotuma haboneka igitutu ariko n’imishwarara y’izuba ikaboneka. Hirya no hino y’umurima harakenewe uruzitiro rwo kubuza umuyaga mwinshi kwinjira. Ubushakashatsi burerekana yuko imirima izitiye ituma ibiterwa bikura neza gushika ku bice 20% kwijana gusumba ibiterwa bitazitiye.

9

10

Intangamarara

Imbuto zikura neza mu gitutu Ku bafise ikibanza kirimwo igitutu hagati y’inzu, ni vyiza kuharima inkere. Inkere n’ivyamwa birimwo vitamine C nyinshi. Vyongeye inkere zikura neza mu mubibanza nkivyo.

Hariho n’ubundi bwoko bw’inkere n’ibindi vyamwa bikura neza mu kibanza nkico: groseille, cassis, framboises, mûres(nta mazina yavyo dufise mu kirundi). Ubwo bwoko bw’ivyamwa bufise imizi ishika kure mu kuzimu, nico gituma ivyo vyamwa bitaba bigikeneye kuvomerwa canke umwavu urengeje urugero kugira bikure, birakwega amazi akwiye.

Ariko rero ivyo vyamwa birakeneye yuko umuntu aza arabituturira (guhonyora) uko umwaka utashe; ahandiho usanga vyuzuye ikibanza cose, canke usanga bifise amashami yapfuye canke ashaka gupfa, ayo nayo ntaco afasha igiterwa. Ushobora kuronka amababi y’ibindi biterwa woyasasa munsi y’ivyo biti kugira ashobore kuzana itotahara na cane cane ashobore kubika amazi y‘imvura.

Intangamarara

11

Umurima w’imboga Umurima w’imboga ushobora kuba muremure nkuko muvyifuza, ariko amakika yawo ntiyorenza 1,5 metero, ivyo vyotuma uwuhwanya neza.

Ni vyiza gusigamwo utuyira kugira ntuze urakandagira indimo mu kuhahonyanga iyo uriko ugira uruja n‘uruza mu ndimo.

Hagati y’imirima ni vyiza kuhashira ibibazurwa vy’ibiti. Ivyo bituma ivyatsi bibi bitabandanya bimera mu murima. Ku muntu agitangura ni vyiza kugira imirima ishika ine kugira ashobore kurima ibiterwa bitandukanye.

Imirima 4 mu gutangura Ubukike butarenga 1,5 metero Ibibazurwa vy’ibiti

Imboga zikura ningoga nk’isalade n’izindi, nizo zikwiye gutanguzwa mu murima. Izindi nk’ibitunguru vy’amababi, iseleri, amashu zikwiye guterwa mu gihe umuntu afise ikibanza gikwiye , canke afise umwanya ukwiye wo kuzirindira ngo zame.

Kubaf ise abo bato, b mu ra k av ukana ba wiye k kiri m uk a b uba ah nabo b imi r iza k ug fasha, i ra ngo a imi r ima shobo re k ut ungany yabo. B a g utang u r i ra k ashobo ra u bite r v y o r os he w amash nk ’ika roti c a a ur bite rw we canke m nke a v yo r be re ib oshe. indi

12

Intangamarara

Itegurwa ry’imirima Imirima ikwiye gutegurwa iminsi yose umwaka w‘irima utanguye. Imbere yuko dusozera iki gitabu ndabashikiriza urutonde n’ikirangaminsi co gutera imboga umuntu aravye aho umwaka ugeze .

Ibiterwa bimwe bimwe bikwiye kurimwa ahantu hari igitutu.

UM URI MA WA NJE

IBIN T V YA N U V YO KUG K ENE RWA URA

u bu r yo wa ko k r e d n e g n r ima Ing ingo nya umu a g n u t o w ga ingene m bicapo mubisan u m bu. wany u z’ik i g ita a r e p m mu

Ntimwibagire kubika imbuto muzokoresha mw’irima ry’umwaka uzokurikira. Hanyuma ndaza kubasigura urutonde rubereye rw’ingene ibiterwa vyokurikirana mu murima umwe, na cane cane imitego canke amakosa yo kwirinda.

13

2 Isi nziza: tubabwire vyose kw’isi imera Kumenya isi mushaka guteramwo ivyamwa, ingene imeze n’ubwoko bwayo n’ubumenyi ntabanduka ku murimyi wese ashaka gutera imbere.

Ni nkenerwa kumenya ingene umurima wanyu umeze mu karere kawo.

Nguru urutonde rw’ibikoresho vya nkenerwa mu murima wanyu:

Igipawa

Icuma co gukangaza Isuka y’amenyo (rateau)

14

Isi nziza: tubabwire vyose kw’isi imera

Intambwe ya mbere: imisiba n’ikimenyamenya c’isi iryoshe ku biterwa – Guharura imisiba Isi irimwo imisiba n’ikimenyamenya cerekana yuko iyo si ari iyubwoko bwiza. Urugezo rwayo rujanye n’uburyohe bwayo. Imisiba itanga umwavu w’akarorero ku biterwa vyose iyo biva bikagera.

Mushaka kumenya yuko isi yanyu irimwo imisiba mukwiye kubiraba iyo imvura yaguye niho iyo misiba iboneka. Biragoye kubona imisiba mu murima wumye kubera yuko uruhu rwayo rudakundana n’ubugaragwa canke ubushuhe.

Banza muteme ivyatsi, koresha igipawa canke isuka, imba hafi ikinogo ca centimetero 30, muzoca mubona ibiremwa vy’ubwoko bwose biba muri iyo si ndimwa.

afi ubwoko Kw’is i ha ri h 0 bw’imis iba. ibihumbi 300

Umwanda usigwa n‘imisiba, co kimwe n’urukonda rwayo usanga kw’isi canke mu kuzimu n’ingaburo ikomeye ku dukoko dutoto turi mu mu murima.

Imisiba (hafi centimetero30)

Isi nziza: tubabwire vyose kw’isi imera

15

Shira igipawa cuzuye ivu kw’isahani uce uharura imisiba irimwo n’amagi yayo.

Ig itig ir i c’im is

ib

a k ir i muns Is i yany u ir i ya 80 a keneye if umbire k ug ir ibe is i ime ra a ngo .

Ig itigi ri c’imisiba kingana hafi na 150

N’isi nziza umuntu ashobo ra guteramwo ibiterwa n’imboga z’ubwoko bw ose.

50 2 a k i a g ish b i s i m ! i r i c’ienga ume ra g i k t i u g m I e kir o re ro cank u n’isi y’a ka r n Is i ya

y

Ikindi twokwongerako nuko isi ndimwa nziza yoba irimwo utundi dukoko dutandukanye umuntu adashobora kubona n’amaso, utwo dukoko tuboneka hakoreshejwe ivyuma rugagamisha. Utwo dukoko twose naho tutaboneka dutuma isi iryohera ibiterwa.

Inyongori (1,6 cm)

Co l l (Ubu emboles ubu r ndi bw ebu r oko e 1-2 bw’ig mm) ikogos

hi

16

Isi nziza: tubabwire vyose kw’isi imera

Akamoto Akamoto k’isi n’ikimenyetso gihambaye ku bwoko bwayo canke uburyohe. Akamoto gatoto kerekana yuko isi imeze neza, yuko yorohewe kandi yimbuka neza. Isi y’akarere karimwo ibiti ni nziza ku biterwa kuko irimwo udukoko twinshi dutuma iryohera ibiterwa.

Iyo isi yirabura cane cane iyo inuka nk‘irigi riboze, ibi bivuga yuko isi ikeneye gu-korwa neza, na cane cane iba ikeneye ifumbire ikwiye kandi nyayo.

Kuvomera isi Hariho ubwoko bwo kumenya ingene isi imeze uyisutseko amazi . Iyo isi iciye imera nk’ubuyi , ibi bivuga yuko isi ishobora kumira amazi menshi. Iyo isi irimwo utubuye dutoto canke irimwo umusenyi, ibi bivuga yuko irimwo amazi makeya. Gutryo muca mumenya ingene mwoyivomera.

Ushaka kumenya ingene isi yigenza, ufata umupfumbato mu ntoke ukayishira mw’isahani, ugaca usukamwo amazi.

Uciye umera nkuwuzungagiza nkuko umengo woba uriko urayungurura, iyo ibinombe birimwo bitabaye ubuyi ivyo bivuga yuko isi ikeneye ifumbire, iyo bibaye ubuyi isi iba imeze neza. Mu gihe harimwo ibinombe vyinshi ni vyiza kwongeramwo ifumbire y’ikirundi.

Isi nziza: tubabwire vyose kw’isi imera

Umviriza Fata umupfumbato w‘ivu mu minwe, isi yoba irimwo umusenyi canke irafata mu ntoke?

Irafata mu ntoke canke irimwo umusenyi? Icika ivumbi imeze nk’iyisyeye? Ubu naho koresha ikiganza, urabe yuko ushobora guha ivu ufise mu ntoke imero ry’ikijumbu kigororotse.

Nivyakorohera nukuvuga yuko iyo si irimwo ibumba. Bikugoye naho ivyo bisigura yuko isi irimwo umusenyi. Isi imwe imwe muri izo irafise ubwiza bwayo dufatiye ku karusho ibiterwa bishobora kuhakura. Igiterwa gikoresha amazi menshi gikunda isi irimwo ibumba.

17

18

Isi nziza: tubabwire vyose kw’isi imera

gene is i Kumenya in ze n’ik intu ndimwa ime mu buzima g ihambaye . Ibi bituma bw’ibite rwa ra ibite rwa umuntu ato o abite ra. bji anye nah

Umuntu amenya ubwoko bw’isi gute?

Hari ubwoko nyamukuru bw’isi bushika bune . Ubwo bwose muri ubwo buva ku kirere, ku migenderanire n’abantu n’akarere iyo si irimwo.

1. Umusenyi wo mu mazi Isi imeze nk’umusenyi wo mu nzuzi iroroshe gukorera kandi irabika ubushuhe cane. Umuntu akwiye gutangura kurima mw’irima nukuvuga mu kwezi k’umunani canke ukwicenda. Ariko isi nkiyo ntizi kubika amazi.

Kugira ngo ishobore kubika amazi gusumba, mwoshiramwo ifumbire nyinshi. Isi nkiyo uyisanga kenshi ku nkengera y’inzuzi canke ibiyaga.

2. Isi y’ibigwagwa Isi nkiyo ifise ibara rikeye, irafata mu minwe iyo irimwo amazi, ariko iyo hashushe ica imera nk’isi irimwo urubuye. Ishuha buke buke uyigeranije nahandi. Kenshi usanga isi nkiyo yumye hejuru ariko igakanya munsi. Muci isi nkiyo iguma ikeneye amazi ahandi hoho ica yuma.

Isi nziza: tubabwire vyose kw’isi imera

3. Isi y’umuhondo Isi igomba kugira ibara ritukura. Usanga irimwo ibumba rivanze n’umusenyi ku rugero rugenda rurahinduka bivuye aho isi iherereye. Nkuko twamaze kubivuga isi irimwo ibumba ryinshi, ishobora no kubika amazi. Ariko isi nkiyo iragora gukorera. Isi nkiyo uyisanga mu karere karimwo imisozi.

4. Isi y’ikivuvu (Loess mu gifaransa) Isi usanga kenshi isa n’umuhondo, ikavunguka cane. Iyo si iramera gusumba izindi. Uretse yuko irimwo imisiba n’utundi dukoko, usanga irimwo umwavu mwinshi. Kukaba nkako isi nkiyo igizwe n’isi imera yagiye iratwarwa n’inkukura imyaka n’iyindi. Iyo si ifise ubushobozi bwo kubika amazi kandi ntishikirwa n’ubugaragwa canke ngo yume cane. Isi nkiyo uyisanga ku nkengera y’imisozi.

Iyo musanze haba ibiti canke ibindi vyatsi vyinshi, ivyo n’ikimenyamenya yuko iyo si ifise ivu ryo muri ubwo bwoko.

19

20

Isi nziza: tubabwire vyose kw’isi imera

Ivyatsi canke ibindi biti bimera birabaha inyigisho ku bwoko bw’isi mufise Ubu naho tugira tubagirire urutonde rw’ibiterwa n’isi bijanye hamwe nico mukwiye gukora kugira mwongereze uburyohe bw’isi yanyu. Ibiterwa tuberetse birashobora gukura mu ntara no mu bihugu vyose vyo kw’isi. Ibi bisigura yuko ubu bumenyi bushobora gukoreshwa mu ntara zose zo kw‘isi kuri bose.

Isi irimwo ifumbire (azote)

Ortie, cynorrhodon, soldat galant, euphorbe, cresson de Chine, clivage, salicorne, mouron des oiseaux, chardon des champs (nta mazina y'ikirundi ahari)

Fumbira mukoresheje ibiterwa mwaciye ubunywenywe, muce mutera ibiraya kugira binunuze ya fumbire ya azote

Isi itagiramwo ifumbire ya azote

Irengarenga, ikaroti, ortie royale, vesce

Mwongeremwo ifumbire muce mutera ibiterwa nk’ubushaza n’ipinari.

Gutota

Bassin, chardon, reine des prés, cresson amer

Ongeramwo ifumbire n’umusenyi

Humye

Camomille, géranium, plantain, hérisson rose, marguerite à œil d'or (nta mazina y’ikirundi dufise)

Ongeramwo ifumbire n’ibituturwa

Ikibanza kirimwo igitutu

Asclépiade, lierre terrestre, oseille commune (nta mazina y’ikirundi dufise)

Nimutore ibiterwa bijanye nka , inkere zo mw’ishamba na framboises cimeza

Acidique (isi irura)

Menthe, camomille, trèfle, herbe de saule, oseille

Ingwa

Alcaline

Moutarde, pensées, digitale pourpre, lin, sauge, mouron, géranium (nta mazina y'ikirundi ahari)

Ongeramwo isi itose kugira mugabanure urugezo rwa pH

Isi itsindagiye

Menthe, prêle, tussilage, plantain

Ni murime igiterwa ca Luzerne (igiterwa gifise amashurwe ashaka gusa n’ubururu iyo gishuritse)

Isi irimwo amazi y’ikirenga

Chardon des champs, plantain, lépidie, renoncule, seigle sauvage

Ni murime igiterwa ca Luzerne (igiterwa gifise amashurwe ashaka gusa n’ubururu iyo gishuritse)

Isi irimwo umusenyi

Bruyère, pin, coquelicot, molène, euphorbe, mouron des oiseaux

Ongeramwo ifumbire n’ibituturwa

Isi nziza: tubabwire vyose kw’isi imera

Ifumbire na nyabarega Ifumbire rigizwe n’ihinduka ry‘ibintu bitari bike bidukikije mu mwavu bimaze kubora. Iyo bintu bimaze kubora bituma isi igira akanovera ku biterwa. Ifumbire irongera igatuma yirereka. Ku biterwa ifumbire imeze nkuko ibiterwa bimeze ku bantu: ifumbire ituma ibiterwa bikura kandi bikagira vya ngombwa, ibiterwa navyo bituma amagara y’abantu amera neza. Isi irakeneye ifumbire na cane cane iyo igizwe n’umusenyi mwinshi, yumye canke iyo itarimwo ifumbire bita azote. Isi irakeneye ifumbure imeze neza kugira ibiterwa bishobore gukura neza. Ifumbire sico kimwe n’umucafu wundi mushobora gusanga kw’isi.

Kugira ifumbire ishobore kubaho hariho intambwe zikwiye kurangurwa. Izo ntambwe ziri ubwoko bubiri.

Ifumbire itarasha n’ifumbire itaraheza kubora.

Ariko imikorobi iba yaratanguye ako kazi.

Ifumbire igeze mu bigero n’ifumbire iba igeze gukoreshwa.

Ifumbire ifise akamaro kenshi kw’isi ndimwa. Uretse yuko ariyo ituma ibiterwa bimera neza, irongera ikabika amazi ibiterwa bikoresha kugira bitotahare. Ifumbire niyo mfungurwa y’ibiterwa. Ifumbire irakenewe cane cane iyo isi irimwo umusenyi mwinshi canke yumye canke ikaba itarimwo uduce twa azote.

Mu kigabane gikurikira tugira turabire hamwe ingene umuntu yokora nyabarega. Inyifato irashe!

21

3 Tuvugane ukuri ku vyerekeye ingene ifumbire yokorwa Ibiterwa bikura neza kandi ningoga mw’isi irimwo ifumbire, kandi ifumbire irongera igatuma ata ndwara ibiterwa bigira tutibagiye ubundi bukoko bubitera. Ifumbire ituma isi ndimwa iguma itotahaye naho yoba ifi amazi make. Abarimyi barazi neza yuko umwimbu mwiza uva cane cane kw’ifumbire ikoreshejwe gusumba isi. „Ifumbire niwo mutima w’umurima“.

Ibisigazwa vyinshi birashobora gukoreshwa mu gukora ifumbire .

Ariko igikomeye cane , naho iyo misigazwa ikwiye kuja . Gusesa ibintu bimwe hejuru y’ibindi ntibikwiye kugira umuntu akore ifumbire nyakuri, imisigazwa ikwiye gushirwa muri nyabarega hakurikijwe ingingo ngenderwako canke ubumenyi bugenga ivyerekeye ifumbire Vyongeye birakenewe yuko nyabarega itangura gukorwa mu gihe gikwiye. Umwanya mwiza ni muri Ruheshi, canke Nyakanga canke mbere Ntwarante canke Ndamukiza bivuye n’ingene ikirere gihindutse.

IC I IRIMA

P E SH I IM

AGATASI

22

Ikibanza kibereye co gukora ifumbire

Ikibanza kibereye co gukora ifumbire Kugira mushobore kuronka ifumbire ikwiye umurima wongana na metero 10 z’ubwaguke ku metero 100 z’uburebure mukwiye gukora nyabarega ingana hafi n’imetero 5 kuri 4 canke irenga. Nimba umurima ungana na metero 10 z’ubwaguke kuri metero 10 z’uburebure nyabarega ishobora kuba ntoya gusumba aho. Nyabarega ikwiye kuja ahantu hari igitutu iruhande y’umurima w’imboga canke mukayipfukisha ibiti kugira ntiyume.

Iki gicapu cerekana ingene mwokora urukikuko rwa nyabarega nico mwokoresha kugira mubishikeko.

Mwubatse urukikuzo rwa nyabarega mukoresheje ibiti canke mu kibanza kirimwo akayaga, bizotuma udukoko dutuma ifumbire ryiza riba.

Hariho uburyo bwinshi bwo kubaka uruzitiro

23

24

Ikibanza kibereye co gukora ifumbire

Umwavu canke amase y’ibikoko, umunyota, ivyatsi vyo mu murima, ibishishwa vy’ivyamwa, ibisigazwa vy’ikawa, ibikohwa vy’amagi, ibisigazwa vy’ibifungurwa n’ibindi.

Ariko hariho ikintu gihambaye gusumba ibindi: musabwe kuvanga ibisigazwa bitose n’ibindi vyumye, ibi bituma urugezo rwo gutotahara ruba hagati na hagati.

wuzu ra, ga yamaze k Iyo nyaba re ge reko u r u iv u, mwon e ej h o k a z n re fuk s i k ug ira mup n’ibindi vyat nyaba rega.

Nkuko mubibona kuri iki gicapu umurwi wa mbere wo gushira muri nyabarega ugizwe n’ivyatsi canke udushami duto duto tw’ibiti.

Hejuru muca murenzako ibigwabigwa canke ibumba. Hanyuma muca murenzako iyindi misigazwa. Ariko nukuraba neza kugira ivyatsi mufise mubikwiragize hejuru, mugakora kugira ntibibore.

Ikibanza kibereye co gukora ifumbire

None haba iki muri nyabarega ?

Ibintu bishika muri nyabarega biri imice kune: 1. Ubushuhe: Muhejeje gupfuka nyabarega haratangura hagashuha gushika ku rugezo rwa 45 C kuri rwa rutonde rwo gupima urugezo rw’ubushuhe Celius. Ivyo biva ku duce twita carbone tuba turiko turahinduka kamere katwo. Rimwe na rimwe ubwo bushuhe burashobora no gushika ku bice 65 C. Ibi bifata ikiringo kiri hagati y’indwi 2 na 4.

2. Igice ca kabiri: Igice ca kabiri kigizwe n’utundi dukorobi bita champignon mu gifaransa, iki gice kimara hafi indwi 5. Utwo dukorobi nitwo mfungurwa y’utundi duce bita bactérie mu rurimi rw‘igifaransa

3. Imikorobi ya bactérie: Imikorobi ya bactérie ituma ifumbire imera neza gusumba, ibi bimara hagati y’amayinga 7 na 10.

4. Udukoko duto duto: Udukoko duto duto turahambaye muri nyabarega. Utwo dukoko tugizwe n’imisiba, ikonderi, bikogoshi, n’utundi dukoko. Utwo dukoko dufise akamaro ntangere mu gukora ifumbire. Iyo gitigiri c’utwo dukoko kiriko kiragabanuka, ifumbire iba igeze gushira mu murima, murashobora gutangura kuyikoresha.

Ifumbire nziza ntinuka. Iyo bishitse ikanuka bivuga yuko haba harimwo ibintu vyinshi biboze. Muri ico gihe ni vyiza kuyikorera kugira akayaga gashobore gucamwo. Mushobora no gushiramwo ibigwabigwa.

25

26

4 Itera ry’imbuto mu murima Ibiterwa bimwe bimwe birashobora kuja mu murima bitarinze guca mu matuta canke ipikinyeri. Ikindi twobabwira nuko ibiterwa vyiza biva ku mbuto zakoreshejwe.

Imbuto kama IMBU TO Z’ITOMATI

Birakenewe yuko mukoresha imbuto z’ubwoko bwiza. Imbuto z’ubwoko bwiza n’imbuto zidahinguwe muri bimwe bita OGM. Izo nazo mushobora kuzirondera ku barimyi basanzwe bafise ubwo bwoko bwiza. Akamaro ko gukoresha imbuto zidahinguwe nuko usanga zirimwo twa duce twa nkenerwa aritwo vitamine n’ibindi vyunyunyu ngirakamaro.

27

Itera ry’imbuto mu murima

H YBR

Mwirinde imbuto zihinguye canke zisubiwemwo kamere (OGM)

IDE

Imbuto zivanze ubwoko bita “Hybride” mu gifaransa n’imbuto zivanzwe hakoresheje ubuhinga bwa laboratware. Imbuto nkizo mukwiye kuzirinda, kuko uko umwaka utashe niko muzotegerezwa kuza muragura imbuto nshasha. Ingiro nkiyo iteza imbere amashirahamwe azikora, nta kamaro ivyo bifitiye umurimyi asanzwe.

Ikura ry’imbuto z’ibiterwa kama

IMBU T Z’ITOM O ATI

Amashirahamwe akora imbuto zataye kamere (semence hybride) AMASHIRAHAMWE Y’UBWOROZI

UBWOROZI

UBWOROZI

Imbuto zivanze arizo hybride zifise umwimbu ukenye vitamine, zifise akanovera gake kandi zifitiye akamaro gake umubiri. Hamwe vyoshika mukagura imbuto mu tuguriro tuzwi mukwiye kuraba neza kuko hari urudome „F“ (filia mu kilatini bivuga fille, umuvuka kuri, umwana, wukomoka kuri). Ibi bisigura yuko imbuto nkiyo ibereye, ntihinguye muri bwa bwoko bw’ikizungu twababwira. Birababaje kubona muri kino gihe hafi ibice 70% vy’imbuto zigurishwa mu buguriro ari imbuto zihinguwe.

Mu Burundi ubuguriro nkubwo ntiburaboneka cane, ariko turazi neza yuko hariho abadandaza bazohava bazigurisha mu minsi canke imyaka izoza.

28

Itera ry’imbuto mu murima

Ububasha bwo kumera Imera rihinduka hakurikijwe ubwoko bw’igiterwa. Intore nka aubergine vanke poivoro z’icatsi kibisi zifise imera rinini, imbuto zizivako zirashobora guterwa hafi gushika ku kiringo c’imyaka 5. Imbuto z’amashu, ibihwanya, beterave, salade n’ibindi nkivyo bimara imyaka 4.

Ku bundi bwoko bw’ibiterwa hakenewe imyaka 2 canke 1.

Imyaka (ikiringo) 1

2

3

4

Mushobora kuba mufise imbuto ariko ntimumenye igihe izo mbuto zimaze, nta ngorane ihari, hinge tubereke uburyo bune bw‘ingene mwovyifatamwo:

1. Fata imbuto 10 muzishire ku gitambara gitose

2. Muhejeje kuzingira za mbuto muri ca gitambara gikanye shira vyose mu gikaratasi ca plastique mwugare.

3. Bibike ahantu hashushe.

4. Rindira ikiringo c’iminsi 5, imbere yo kwugurura ka gafuko.

Mwategerezwa gusanga hafi imbuto umunani kwi 10 mwari mufise zamaze kuba nini canke zameze . Musanze hari imbuto 6 canke iziri mu munsi zamaze kumera, bivuga yuko imera ry’izo mbuto itari nziza nukuvuga ico giterwa mwoshaka mukacihoza.

5

Itera ry’imbuto mu murima

29

Isi ndimwa Isi ya mbere mukwiye guteramwo imbuto ikwiye kuba irimwo ifumbire, umusenyi n’ivu ry’urubuye. Mushobora gukoresha ibikoresho vyose mworonka nkigipawa, inkorafani kugira muvange vyose. Fata icagatatu c’umusenyi, mwongereko ivu riturutse mu mabuye mushiremwo n’ifumbire, ivyo bibaha urugezo rwiza rw’isi mwoteramwo za mbuto zanyu. Murashobora gutangura gutera imbuto haba mu matuta canke isi isanzwe.

Tutaribagira twobamenyesha yuko isi irimwo imyobo y'ifuku ari isi iryoshe ku biterwa. Murashobora gukoresha irya si ivumburwa n'ifu, usanga ari ikirundo , n'isi nziza cane mu matuta.

Udusandugu canke udukopo tw’amatuta Udukopo twa kera tugizwe mu biti turashobora gukoreshwa mu gutera imbuto. Ariko mukwiye kwitwararika umbwambere kudusasamwo impapuro zishobora kubuza amazi gutemba. Murashobora no gukoresha ibikopo binini vyo mu bikaratasi vya plastike canke mu birahure bimeneka.

30

Itera ry’imbuto mu murima

Ni vyiza yuko mwoshira ayo matuta ahantu izuba rishika. Tubahanura, kw’ituta ryose, yuko mwotegura n’agapapuro mwandikako izina ry’urubuto n’igenekerezo mwariteyeko.

Mu gihe co gukora udukopo tw’amatuta tsindagira ivu riri ku mpande kugira ntirize ritwarwe n’amazi mu gihe muriko muravomera. Koresha igiti mu gutsindagira ivu mwamaze gushira mu dukopo

Fata akayungiro kugira mushobore kunyenyagiza ivu rirongoroye hejuru y’ivu riri mu gakopo.

Koresha urutoke mu guca akarongo gatoya muri rya vu mwashira mu gakopo. Fata za mbuto rumwe rumwe muzishire muri wa murongo mwaciye.

Ikibanza kiri hagati y’imbuto kiva ku biterwa mushaka gutera. Ibiterwa bito bito nka persil ntibikenera ikibanza kinini, ariko ibiterwa nk’umwungu canke ibiharage bikenera ikibanza gikwiye.

Twabateguriye urutonde rw’ivyo mwokora mu mpera z’iki kigabane.

Itera ry’imbuto mu murima

31

Imera ry’imbuto ku murango canke mu mwijima Imbuto ziri kubiri ufatiye ku kumera: hariho imbuto zikura neza mu mwijima n’izindi zikura neza ku murango iyo hari umuco ukwiye. Mu biterwa bikura neza mu mwijima canke mwijoro hariho pwavoro (poivron mu gifaransa) y’icatsi kibisi, itomati, ishou, ibitunguru vy’amababi, konkombre, igihwanya amashurwe amwe amwe nka tulipe canke lys.

Mu biterwa bikura neza mu mwijima hariho bazilike , salade, ikaroti, iradi, seleri, pivwane Abagura imbuto mu buguriro, kenshi muzosanga handitseko inyigisho y’ingene mwozikoresha.

Ni vyiza kutabandanya gupfuka imbuto zamaze kumera, ariko birakenewe gusukako amazi make make y’imvura.

Ku biterwa bikunda umwijima ni vyiza kubirenza ko uruhu rw’ ivu rikeya imbere yo kubivomera.

Mu bisanzwe musan ga inyig isho zikwiye mwi' saho rir imwo im buto ku bu ryo mwoshobo ra kuziko resha, n'ig ihe mwobig ira. Hamwe m utozironka naho murashobo ra kuba za go ronome canke canke abahinga mu vyerekeye indimo

32

Itera ry’imbuto mu murima

Kuvomera Kuvomera imbuto n’igikorwa cokorwa ku rugero. Mwokoresha ikivomezo gikoresha urushunzi rudakomeye, mukoreshe amazi y’imvura canke yo mu ruzi. Mwirinde gukoresha amazi yo mu muringoti kuko arimwo chlore canke ubundi bumara bushobora kwica ibiterwa bikiri bito.

Ni nkenerwa yuko igikorwa co kuvomera coba neza kuko igiterwa ntigikeneye amazi cogamwo kuko s’ifi, gikeneye amazi kugira isi itotahare. Muheje kuvomera shira munsi igikaratasi ca plastike, munsi y’ituta ririmwo ibiterwa. Ivyo bituma ituta ribika ugutotahara umwanya utari muto.

Muhejeje gutunganya ituta musabwe gucunga ku munsi ku munsi canke kenshi ku munsi yuko ibiterwa bimerereza. Muri ico gihe kura munsi ca giplastike mwatega munsi. Igiterwa gikoresha inguvu nyinshi kugira kimere, murashobora kuvomera buhoro ibiterwa hamwe bigitangura kumerereza, kugira ngo mukureko ivu ryoba rikiri ku mababi yambere.

Mwitwararike cane yuko ivyo biterwa biri ahantu habona ariko ata mishwarara ikomeye y’izuba bironka.

Kwegeranya imbuto Indwi imwe canke zibiri ziheze ibiterwa biba bigeze kuja aho vyateguriwe mu murima, kenshi ni mu dukono tunini, aho niho bizohava bija mu mirima. Mwokoresha ibiterwa binini kandi bimeze neza kuko nivyo bishobora kwimbura neza. Ibitashoboye kumera neza bishobora kuja muri nyabarega kugira bisubire gukora ifumbire nshasha.

Itera ry’imbuto mu murima

Murashobora gushira imivyaro ibiri canke itatu muri ico kibanza gishasha mwateguye ariko mukabiha ibibanza bikwiye hagati yavyo kugira bironke aho bikurira. Imba akanogo kangana na centimetero 2. Ni muhe umuvyaro umwe wese ikibanza nkico warimwo mw’ituta.

Ibiterwa vy‘imboga bimwe bimwe birashobora guterwa mu bibanza vyavyo ntabanduka bitabanje gucae mu bibanza vy’imfatakibanza. Aho twovuga nk’ikaroti. Ibindi biterwa nk’itomati bitegerezwa guca mu mu dukopo canke ibindi bibanza vy’imfatakibanza imbere yo kubishira mu bibanza bizokura gushika kw’iyimbura. Ariko kenshi ivyo vyoba umuntu abanje kuraba ibirere. Iyo hashushe gushika ku rugezo rwa 10 C, ibiterwa birashobora kuja mu murima.

Ibiterwa nka beterave(igiterwa gitanga isukari) hamwe n’ishu birashobora kuja mu murima bidaciye mu dukopo canke ibindi bibanza mfatakibanza.

33

34

Itera ry’imbuto mu murima

Itegurwa ry’imirima Tangura mutunganye umurima uzojamwo ico mushaka gutera mukoresheje isuka canke ibindi bikoresho mufise nk’isuka y’amenyo bakoresha mu rubuye. Mwitondere ivyatsi bibi canke urwiri, na cane cane mukwiye kurandura imizi yose yoba iri aho mushaka kurima. Hamwe mutokuraho ivyatsi n’urwiri rwose ruhari muzohava musanga ibiterwa vyanyu vyanizwe n’ivyatsi bibi. Nimuheze mukorere isi gushika aho yoroherwa igahema. Nimba mushobora gushira ikiganza canyu cose kirangirira mu kuzimu, ico n’ikimenyamenya yuko isi yanyu yakozwe neza.

Imiserege canke imikobeko Ni nkenerwa ngo muce imiserege mitoya canke imikobeko hagati y’imirima. Iyo miserege ibafasha iyo muriko murakorera ibiterwa vyanyu canke muriko murakurayo ivyatsi bibi. Birakwiye yuko iyo miserege igororoka. Aho murashobora gukoresha akagozi canke uduti tugororotse cane. Ivyo bibafasha kutavanga ibiterwa, kandi ibiterwa vyanyu birakeneye guhema kugira bishobore kumera neza. Iki gicapu mubona kirabereka neza ingene mukwiye kuvyifatamwo dufatiye ku mboga zirimwa muri rusangi.

Itera ry’imbuto mu murima

Cera kangahe ku mwaka?

Rimwe (1) Buri mwaka (2)

Igiterwa

Mu matuta (VK) canke mu mumurima (B)

Ikiringo

Uburinganire

Itera

Akero

Artichaut

VK

8-12

100 x 100

Itera Ruhuhuma - Ndamukiza Umwimbu Rusama Ruheshi

Mukakaro Nyakanga

1,2

Aubergine

VK

6-8

50 x 50

Itera Ntwarante - Ndamukiza Umwimbu Rusama Ruheshi

Mukakaro Myandagaro

1

Chou-fleur

VK

4-6

50 x 60

Itera Ruhuhuma - Mukakaro, Umwimbu Rusama Ruheshi

Mukakaro Nyakanga

2

Ibiharage

B

8-14

50 x 20

Ndamukiza bis Ruheshi

Ruheshi Nyakanga

1

Brocoli

VK

4-6

40 x 50

Itera Ndamukiza - Ruheshi, Umwimbu Ndamukiza Mukakaro

Ruheshi - Gitugutu

1,2

Imyumbati iva mu Bushinwa

VK

4-6

30 x 30

Itera Ruheshi, Umwimbu Mukakaro - Myandagaro

Mukakaro Nyakanga

1,2

Ubwishaza

B

8-12

40 x 3

Ntwarante, Ndamukiza

Rusama, Ruheshi

1

Isalade

B

5-25

15 x 20

Myandagaro na Nyakanga

Ndamukiza, Rusama

1,2

Fenouil

VK

12-16

50 x 20

Rusama Myandagaro

Mukakaro Gitugutu

1

Amashu

B

4-5

40 x 45

Ndamukiza Ruheshi

Myandagaro na Nyakanga

2

35

36

Itera ry’imbuto mu murima

Igiterwa

Mu matuta (VK) canke mu mumurima (B)

Ikiringo

Uburinganire

Itera

Akero

Cera kangahe ku mwaka?

Rimwe (1) Buri mwaka (2)

Konkombre

B

4-8

40 x 60

Ndamukiza na Ruheshi

Mukakaro, Myandagaro

1

Ibiraya

B

-

60 x 30

Ndamukiza na Rusama, Impera za Nyakanga

Ruheshi

1

Chou-rave

B

8-10

35 x 40

Ntwarante Ruheshi

Ruheshi, Mukakaro

2

Ibitunguru vy'amababi

B

-

25 x 12

Ntwarante Nyakanga

Ruheshi à Myandagaro

1

Cresson

B

2

Distance d’ensemmencement

Année entière à l’intérieur

Ruheshi, Mukakaro

1

Poireaux

B

14-16

20 x 25

Ndamukiza Mukakaro

Ruheshi, Mukakaro

2

Bardes suisses

B

8-10

30 x 15

Ntwarante Ruheshi na Nyakanga au printemps

Ruheshi Nyakanga

2

Ikaroti

B

21-28

25 x 3

Ntwarante Rusama

Ruheshi, Mukakaro

2

Poivrons verts

VK

8-12

50 x 40

Itera Nzero na Ndamukiza; Umwimbu Ruheshi

Ruheshi, Myandagaro

1

Navets

B

21-28

30 x 10

Ntwarante Rusama

Myandagaro

2

Radis

B

8-14

12 x 15

Ntwarante Myandagaro

Ruheshi Myandagaro

1

Itera ry’imbuto mu murima

Igiterwa

Mu matuta (VK) canke mu mumurima (B)

Ikiringo

Uburinganire

Itera

Akero

Cera kangahe ku mwaka?

Rimwe (1) Buri mwaka (2)

Rhubarbe

B

6-10

100 x 100

Ntwarante Ndamukiza

Rusama

2

Raifort

B

14-21

25 x10

Ntwarante Myandagaro

Myandagaro

2

Chou rouge

VK

5-6

50 x 60

Itera Ntwarante Rusama; Umwimbu rusama na Ruheshi

Myandagaro

2

Betterave

B

10-15

30 x 10

Ntwarante Rusama

Ruheshi Gitugutu

1

Laitue

VK

6-10

30 x30

Itera Nzero Ntwarante; Umwimbu Ndamukiza Mukakaro

Ruheshi Nyakanga

1

Salsifis noirs

B

15-20

25 x 5

Ntwarante Ndamukiza

Myandagaro

2

Céleri

B

12-15

40 x 50

Ntwarante Ruheshi

Myandagaro Munyonyo

1

Épinard

B

8-14

20 x 25

Ntwarante Ndamukiza na Nyakanga Gitugutu

Rusama, Ruheshi, Gitugutu Munyonyo

1

Tomate

VK

6-8

60 x 50

Itera Ndamukiza; Umwimbu Rusama na Ruheshi

Mukakaro Gitugutu

1

Courgette

VK

5-8

60 x 80

Itera Ndamukiza na Rusama, Umwimbu Ruheshi na Mukakaro

Myandagaro, Nyakanga

2

Ibitunguru

B

14-21

30 x 10

Mars na Ndamukiza

Ruheshi Gitugutu

2

37

38

5 Itunganywa ry’umurima: hoterwa iki kandi coterwa hehe?

Hari mu mwaka w‘1981, niho umuhinga aturuka mu gihugu ca Australia Bill Mollison yatora ubwoko bushasha bwo gukurakuranya ibiterwa mu ndimo aribwo bita„ Permaculture“. Muri uwo mwaka wi 1981 uwo muhinga yararonse agashimwe kitwa Right Livelihoud. Kuri benshi ako gashimwe kagereranywa na ka gashimwe rurangiranwa kitiriwe Nobel gahabwa abahinga bahambaye gusumba abanda kw’isi.

Muri kino gihe, ivyiyumviro vy’uwo muhinga vyarerekanye akamaro ntangere mu guteza imbere uburimyi. Ikimenyamenya nuko ubwo buryo bwakwiye isi yose.

Nkuko uwo muhinga avyerekana, nta fumbire y’ikizungu imwe ikoresha uburyo buyovya ikenewe mu mirima. Ubwo buryo bukoresha ubuhinga bufatiye ku bidukikije haba udukoko dutoduto dutuma isi ndimwa iryoha canke ibikoko binini. Abantu bamaze kwumva ingene ubwo buryo bukora barashobora kwimbura na ntaryo ata mwavu w’ikizungu ukoreshejwe na cane bagategera gusumba ingene bokorana n’ibidukikije. Twobibutsa yuko umwavu w’ikizungu ufise ingarukambi nyinshi ku magara y‘abantu.

Itunganywa ry’umurima: hoterwa iki kandi coterwa hehe?

Ni ngirakamaro gutahura ingene ibiterwa bikorana hagati yavyo.

Ibiterwa birafise ubuzima kandi biraganira hagati yavyo nk’abantu, bikoresheje ubuhinga bwavyo. Kenshi abantu ntibashobora kumenya ingene bigenda kuko ntibafise ubwo bushobozi.

Akamoto

Ubuhinga bwo kuvugana hagati y’ibiterwa

Urusobane rw'imizi (ibiterwa bibiri bivanga imizi kugira bishobore kuganira)

N'abahinga karuhariwe mpuzamakungu ntibarashobora gutahura ingene ibiterwa bishobora kuganira hagati yavyo, bifise uburyo tudatahura. Akarorero ni coriandre na carvi turazi yuko bikundana ariko ntituzi igituma. Ivyo biterwa bikura neza iyo bibangikanye.

Abagenzi

39

40

Itunganywa ry’umurima: hoterwa iki kandi coterwa hehe?

Kuri twebwe abarimyi, dukwiye kumenya yuko ibidukikije na cane cane ibiterwa bifise ibinyegezwa abantu badashobora gutahura neza. Ariko turafise uburyo bwo gusuzuma, tugakoresha ubumenyi tukahakura inyigisho yotuma twumva neza. Nkuko babivuga mu kirundi buke buke bukomeza igihonyi. Ibi bivuga yuko akamenyero gatuma abarimyi bumva neza ingene ibiterwa vyigenza kuko baramana igihe cose.

Gutryo, abarimyi baregeranya ubumenyi bwinshi badashobora gukura mu bitabu. Ntibazobashobora kubabwira igituma igitunguru sumu gikunda ishu ariko barashobora kubabwira ingene babitahuye.

Ibibanza vyiza vyo kurima mwo n’ibibanza bibi Ibiterwa bimwe bimwe birafitaniye akamaro hagati yavyo ariko hariho n’ibindi biterwa bidakwiye kuja hamwe. Abarimyi barazi neza iyo ibiterwa bidasa vyegeranye bigakura nukuvuga yuko biba bifashanya mubintu bitandukanye. Aho twovuga yuko bishobora gufashanya mu guhanahana infungurwa biciye mu mizi canke mu gukingiranira izuba n’igitutu. Ubwo bumenyi burahambaye ku barimyi.

INGINGO ZISANZWE Isi ndimwa Umuco w’izuba Ikibanza c’ibiterwa

Itunganywa ry’umurima: hoterwa iki kandi coterwa hehe?

Ikindi kibazo twovuga n’ingene twogwanya udukoko twonona ibiterwa. Turakwiye kumenya ingene twovangura ibiterwa mu gihe twoba tuzi yuko bikarirwa n’udukoko tumwe.

Nguru urutonde rw’ibiterwa twokwita abansi canke abagenzi kugira ngo muzomenye ingene mutegura imirima yanyu.

Ibiterwa

Ibiterwa vy’abagenzi:

Ibi biterwa ntawobivanga:

Fraise, concombre, seleri, beterace, isalade, amashu, itomati

Ubushaza, igitunguru sumu, fenouil, igitunguru c’amababi, igitunguru c‘amateke

Fenouil, Amashu, Ibitunguru vy’amababi

Ibiharage

Aneth, fenouil, Konkombre, Ishu, ibigori, ikaroti, chou-rave, isalade, radis, imyungu (courgettes)

Ibiharage, ibiraya, igitunguru sumu, igitunguru c’ibibabi, itomati, ibitunguru vy‘amateke

Inkere

Ibiharage, étoile de mer, igitunguru sumu, isalade, igitunguru c’amababi, iradi, ipinari, ibitunguru vy’amateke, ciboulettevy’amababi

Amashu

Fenouil

Endives, ubwishaza , isalade, cocombre, isalade, sauge

Ibiharage, Itomati

Ibiharage, aneth, ubwishaza, fennel, amashu, isalade, carvi, ibitunguru vy’amababi, ibigori, beterave, iseleri, ibitunguru vy‘amateke

Iradi, itomati

Ibiharage,amashu, carvi, ibigori, ipinari, coriandre

Amashu, igihwanya, itomati, iseleri, ishurwe ry’izuba

Ibiharage

Endives

Ubwishaza

Concombre

Ibiraya

41

42

Itunganywa ry’umurima: hoterwa iki kandi coterwa hehe?

Ibiterwa

Ibiterwa vy’abagenzi:

Ibi biterwa ntawobivanga:

Igitunguru sumu

Inkere, konkombre, framboise, lys, ikaroti, rose, ibiti vy’ivyamwa, Itomati, beterave

Ubwishaza, amashu, ibiharage

Amashu

Ibiharage, aneth, endives, ubwishaza, ibiraya, isalati, ibitunguru vy’amababi, iseleri, ipinari, itomati

Inkere, ibitunguru vy’amababi, ibitunguru, moutarde

Chou-rave

Ibiharage, ubwishaza, ibiraya, isalade, Itomati, Rettich, Beterace, iseleri, ipinari, Ibitunguru vy’amababi

Isalade

Ibiharage, aneth, ubwishaza, inkere, concombren, amashu, ibitunguru vy’amababi, ikaroti, itomati

Ipersil, iseleri

Ibitunguru vy’amababi

Inkere, ikaroti, amashu, isalade, iseleri, itomati

Ibiharage, ubwishaza, beterace

Ikaroti

Carvi, ubwishaza, ibitunguru sumu, ibitunguru vy‘ibibabi, iradis, itomati, ibitunguru vy‘amateke, ciboulette

Iradi

Ibiharage, ubwishaza, amashu, isalade, ikaroti

Konkombre

Iseleri

Ipinari, ibiharage, konkombre, amashu, ibitunguru vy’amababi, itomati, amashu

ibiraya, isalade, ibigori

Itomati

Ibiharage, ibitunguru vy’amababi, isalade, chou-rave

Ubwishaza, fenouil, ibiraya

Imyungu

Isalade, ibitunguru vy’amababi, ikaroti, ipersil, iradi, beterace, iseleri, ipinari, ibiharage, ibitunguru

Ibitunguru

Inkere, isalade, ikaroti, beterave, aneth

Ubwishaza, ibiharage, Amashu

Itunganywa ry’umurima: hoterwa iki kandi coterwa hehe?

Ibiterwa bishigikira ibindi n’akamaro kavyo Ibiterwa

Ishimikiro:

Akamaro:

Bazilike

Itomati, concombre, amashu

Kwirinda ubushe

Carvi

Ibiharage

Kwirukana ubukoko butera ibiharage vyagafyiri

Etoile de mer

Concombre, imyungu

Ugukwegakwega inzuki

Ortie

Ibiti vy’ivyamwa

Kwica inda z’ibiterwa

Sarrasin

Iseleri

Guha isi ndimwa akanovera n’uburyohe

Aneth

Amashu, ikaroti, Beterace

Gufasha ikaroti kumera

Aurone

Amashu

Kwirinda ibinyugunyugu vyo mu mashu yera

Avoine

Ibiharage

Kwirinda utunyundo ibiharage (udukoko dutera ibiharage)

Cresson yo mu Buhindi

Ibiti vy’ivyamwa

Gufasha ibiterwa kwirinda ingwara, kugwanya inda z’ibiterwa

Cerfeuil

Isalade

Kwirinda inda

Igitunguru sumu

Inkere, rose

Kwica imikorobi mibi iri mu kuzimu

43

44

Itunganywa ry’umurima: hoterwa iki kandi coterwa hehe?

Ibiterwa

Ishimikiro:

Akamaro:

Lavende

Rose

Kwirinda ubunyegeri

Iradi y’ifaransi

Pêche, inkere

Kubuza yuko ibiterwa vyizingira

Menthe poivrée

Umuvinyu

Kwirinda ubushe

Iradi

Ibitunguru vy’amababi

Kwirinda ubukoko burya beterave n’ibitunguru vy’amateke

Calendula

Ibiraya, amashu

Kugwanya udukoko two mu bwoko bwa „nématodes”

Estragon

Itomati, amashu, ibiraya, inkere

Antiviral, antifungal

Absinthe

Mûres, ibintunguru vy’amababi

Ibigwanya imikorobi ya bactérie

Ibitunguru vy’amateke

Inkere, ikaroti

Kugwanya ubukoko bwo mu bwoko bwa tétranyques

Sauge

Amashu

Kwirinda ibinyugunyugu vyo mu mashu

Romarin

Amashu, ikaroti

Kugwanya inda y’ikaroti n’ibinyugunyugu vyo mu mashu

45

6 Ido n’ido ku buzima bw’ibiterwa Nta numwe yifuza gusangira umwimbu wiwe n’isazi canke imbeba zo mw’ishamba. Muri kino kigabane tuza kurabira hamwe ingene twohindura umurima wacu mw’iparadizo- kandi tukirinda uko bishoboka abashitsi tutatumiye mu mirima yacu!

Icambere dukwiye kumenya nuko twokwemera abashitsi bamwe bamwe kuko n’ababanyi kandi twese tuba kw’isi imwe, kandi turayisangiye.

Ariko dutegerezwa gukorana nabo dukoresheje ubwenge , na cane cane tukaraba neza kugira ntibarenge urugezo.

Ninaco kimwe no mu bantu indwara zitera ibiterwa iyo zisanze abasoda b’umubiri badakora neza. Iyo muteye ibiterwa vyanyu mu kibanza kibi, gitose cane canke hashushe, canke mbere iruhande y’abansi, nta kibuza yuko ivyo biterwa bigwara. Kurondera ubumenyi ku giterwa kimwe kimwe, ku ndwara zishobora kugitera, n’ubumenyi buhambaye buzotuma muronka umwimbu mwiza.

46

Ido n’ido ku buzima bw’ibiterwa, indwara zavyo n’ibindi biza

Ingendo nziza n’ugutegura imirima yanyu muravye akamaro magiriranire ibiremwa nk’udukoko n’ibiterwa bishobora kugiriranira. Akarorero twotanga ni nka hamwe igiterwa gifise ingorane ikindi naco cogirira akamaro, aho tuvuze igiterwa ariko twovuga n’udukoko tumwe tumwe.

Muribuka yuko twigeze kuvuga ababanyi babi n’ababanyi beza?

te ra None no

ik ihe g

ite rwa?

ha fi bo ra k u rya o sh ra ri e y ug u rimw Ik onde ra s i. Ibiny ug un a un m u k 0 d a 15 ra ntibik un isazi zish ik amash u ye a d . un sa ik n b bimwe u g ifa ra gé ranium m o ra g uk ing ira ish u rwe rya ob sh ro y uk o mu u rwe rya M u rumva re sh e ra ir yo t u g u m u amash ro. u mic unga ra gé ranium m

je ima Yan IMBOGA 2 Imi r A 1 IMBOG

Murumva rero yuko iyo mufise udukoko ngirakamaro mu micungararo bishobora kubafasha gukingira imirima yanyu. Muri kino gihe ntituza kuvuga ivyerekeye inzuki kuko turaza kuvyihweza neza mu kigabane gikurikira. Hariho n’utundi dukoko mukwiye kumenya.

Ido n’ido ku buzima bw’ibiterwa, indwara zavyo n’ibindi biza

Ibifyera Isalade imeze nk’isumaku ku bifyera.

Ibifyera ntibishobora kwihanganira akamoto k’isalade imwe bita laitue mu rurimi rw’igifaransa. Igifyera kirashobora kumoterwa n’ishu riri hafi ku kilometero n’inusu.

Iyo umurima w’amashu ashikiwe n’abashitsi benshi muri ubwo bwoko, urashobora kuzimangana mu masaha makeya. Ikindi naco, nta muntu yemera kugura ishu iyo igifyera camaze kuyihereza.

Ibifyera birashobora gutikiza umwimbu wose na cane cane iyo hatose canke hakanye. Imbata zirashobora kubafasha kugwanya ibifyera, iyo zishitse aho biri nta gifyera na kimwe kiba kikihavugira. Akandi kamaro k‘imbata nuko zizana ifumbire nyinshi kandi nziza ku mirima aho zihagaritse. Ariko rero nimba muba mu gisagara aho inzu zegeranye n’izindi, ntituzi yuko gutunga imbata ari inyishu ku kibazo mufise.

47

48

Ido n’ido ku buzima bw’ibiterwa, indwara zavyo n’ibindi biza

Orties Orties zirafise akamaro mu mirima yanyu. N’imfungurwa ku binyugunyugu canke ibinyabwoya. Iyo utu dukoko turonse orties bituma biha amahoro y‘amashu yanyu.

Igiterwa gifise umuti wo kugwanya ibifyera bita amazi ya ortie.

Amazi ya ortie akorwa gute

Aroroshe gukora: ufata igipfunsi ca ortie mu ndobo y’amazi ashushe ukabireka bikirereka ijoro ryose . Bukeye uraminina ukoresheje akayungiro canke agahuzu koroshe koshobora gukora ico gikorwa.

Vomera isalade ukoresheje ayo mazi mu kiringo c’iminsi itatu ikurikirana.

Ibifyera ntibizosubira kuhahonyora, ndetse nico giterwa kizoca kizokomeza mu kugwanya indwara no kugira imizi myiza.

Ido n’ido ku buzima bw’ibiterwa, indwara zavyo n’ibindi biza

Ibibazurwa vy’ibiti Fata indobo yuzuye ibibazurwa vy’ibiti uzingurize ubisuka hirya no hino y’imirima yanyu gushika ku bwaguke bwa cm 20, ibifyera ntibishobora kurengana urwo ruzitiro.

Mu ncamake, kugira murwanye ibifyera musabwe gutora umuti mubona ubereye kuri mwebwe, uravye n’umurima wanyu. Ikintu gikomeye ubu n’uko muronse uburyo bwo guhitamwo uburyo buborohoye. Ariko ntimugire ngo nivyo gusa, haracariho n’utundi dukoko canke indwara zishobora kugeramira imirima yanyu.

Akarorero twobaha n’agakoko kitwa„grillon taupe“ ko mu bwoko bw’inzige. Gapima hafi centimetero 5,50. Ako gakoko kaba mu kuzimu kakongera kakiyunguruza mu guca imihora mu kuzimu, ariko karakunda ibiterwa bikiri bishasha, iyo biriko bigira amababi yambere. None twokora iki mu kugira tukarwanye? Hinge tugatege umutego!

49

50

Ido n’ido ku buzima bw’ibiterwa, indwara zavyo n’ibindi biza

illon de taupe" ? "gr o ok ak ag te gu o eg ut um Twotega vye mw’ibumba canke Mukeneye aga kono kabum sh urwe k’ubu ringanire aga kono ga ko reshwa ku ma ye kandi n’amase y’inka bwa centimetero 3, mukene ira akwega kwege udukoko. yamaze kubora gatoya kug hafi ku centimetero 6 Iyo nzige “gr illon ta upe” iba ako ga kono gategerezwa mu kuzimu, ibi biv uga yuko . Ha riho mushobo ra gukenera kwimbirwa cane mu kuzimu kwimbira ako ga kono. agafuni kug ira mushobo re mu rabe neza yuko ata vu Imbira ako ga kono , ar iko a o ga kono na ya mase y’ink ryinji ra mu riko , uzuza ak gusa. ata mv ura ikagwamwo Pf uka ka ga kono ku bu ryo yohava ah indura ahandi ho amazi y’imv ura niko ga ko ra akamoto kayo. Ako kamoto twa dukoko tur i hafi nk ’ubwambo, ga kwega kwega bu ringanire bwa mete ro y’umurima. Udukoko tur i ku ako kamoto.

100 turashobo ra kw umva rikaze Utwo dukoko du fise izu ru gus umvya abantu! ho hafi Nimureke re ka ga kono nga kubitir iza indwi yose. Haheze indwi, muzosanga akajisho mu ri ka ga kono, onse kuzuye za nzige kuko za rar mushaka imf ung uro zik unda. Nimba iko mutegerezwa kuzireku ra, birashoboka ar ima yany u. kuzireku rira ku re cane y’imir zina gikoko, Ku bagwanira agateka ka o dukoko ntimugire imp ungenge, utw aronse imf ung urwa tw i turakomeye kuko twar zatwo kandi zikwiye.

Ido n’ido ku buzima bw’ibiterwa, indwara zavyo n’ibindi biza

51

Udukoko ngirakamaro Mushoboye gukwegakwega udukoko tw’ubwoko bwose birashobora kubafasha mu mirima yanyu. Ku kaba nkako udukoko tumwe tumwe twihereza utundi. Akarorero ni ivubi ryihereza ibinyunyugu vyo mu mashu. Ivyo mwobishobora mu gutera hagati y’imirima amashurwe.

Iyo ashuritse atuma inzuki canke amavubi ahatemberera bigatuma aca yifashisha utundi dukoko duto duto.

Ivubi ryitwa “Guêpe scorpion”

Ikinyugunyugu c'ijoro

Ikinyugunyugu co mw’ishu

Intengasi Agakoko karyana

Ubundi bwoko bw'intengasi

Tétranyques rouges (ntazina ry'ikirundi dufise)

52

Ido n’ido ku buzima bw’ibiterwa, indwara zavyo n’ibindi biza

Amashurwe arashobora kuba imfungurwa ku dukoko Murashobora kuronka imbuto z’ubwoko bwinshi.

Aho twovuga nka geranium, gladiola, aster, houx, margarita, kandi mu mabara yose mwifuza.

Mwoyatera hagati y’imirima yanyu, ayo mashurwe arongera agafasha isi ndimwa ngo igume itotahaye Amashurwe amwe amwe muri ayo ashobora kuguma ashuritse nk’umwaka wose, aho twovuga nka tulipe, gladiola.

Ubuhungiro bw'udukoko Nivyiza kureka ibiterwa vya ortie bigakurira iruhande ya nyabarega.

Udukoko duto duto ngirakamaro duca dukoresha ico giterwa kugira twinyegezeyo. Gutryo turashobora kwigumirayo ata nkomanzi na cane cane iyo hakanye.

Ikindi gishobora kuba ngirakamaro n’uko ikirundo c’ibiti gishobora kuba ubuhungiro bw’udukoko tumwe tumwe dukunda kwihereza ibifyera. Aho twovuga nk’imiserebanyi. Ugukingira ibiterwa n’ugukingira ibiremwa, vyose n’urufatangane, ni magiriranire.

Ido n’ido ku buzima bw’ibiterwa, indwara zavyo n’ibindi biza

Tubahe urutonde rw’udukoko n’indwara zitera ibiterwa nico mwokora kugira mubigwanye!

Udukoko tugeramira ibiterwa Agakoko kitwa Doryphore mubona kuri iyo sanamu (gasa n'ikondera) kakaba gafise ibara ry'umuhondo ku ritukura kapima i centimetero 1.

Karakunda cane aubergine, itomati ibiraya, karashobora kurya igiterwa cose. Nta muti uhari kuri ako gakoko n'ugucungana ku munsi ku munsi.

Agakoko kitwa "pude de terre" kangana na mm 0,4 gusa ariko karatobora ibiterwa vyinshi bikiva mu matuta. Gakunda ubushuhe nk'akaja mu nda. Mu kukirinda rero n'ukuvomera cane mukongera mugatera ibiterwa bikunda amazi mu micungararo.

Ikinyugunyugu cera co mu mashu kingana na mm 1-2, kirera cane nk'ibarafu, gifungura amashu poivron, konkombre itomati na bazilike. Amababi aca atukura kubera umwanda ako gakoko gasigako.

Kugira mwirinde ico kinyugunyugu mutera amashurwe akwegakwega udukoko tuguruka.

Ikindi mukwiye gukora n'ugucagura ikibanza kitugaranye kugira mutera izo mboga.

53

54

Ido n’ido ku buzima bw’ibiterwa, indwara zavyo n’ibindi biza

Inda z’ibitunguru vy’amababi bisa n'umuhondo uvanze n'icatsi kibisi. Iyo ikuze ingana na mm 12. Ikunda cane cane ibitunguru vy'amababi. Ako gakoko gaca amabarabara mu kibabi ku buryo igiterwa gica gipfa. Ni vyiza gutera amashurwe mu gukwegakwega udukoko twitwa ichneumons, abansi b'ako gakoko.

Hari hafi udukoko dushika 800 mu bwoko bwa "puceron" twose dusa n'icatsi kibisi, tumwe muri utwo dukoko dufise amababa.

Turashobora gushika ku mm7. Utwo dukoko dukunda "lavande, ibiharage hamwe na "capucine". Iyo bifashe ivyo biterwa bica binunuza ingaburo ziri murivyo gushika naho ico giterwa cuma. Ariko utwo dukoko turafise abansi bitwa"chrysope" na "coccinelle" , muteye amashurwe vyoba vyiza.

Ibinyugunyugu vy’ijoro bimeze nk'ibinyabwoya bikaba bifise ibara ryirabura. Birakunda cane ivyamwa nka pomme canke inkere. Bifise ingarukambi nyinshi ku mababi y'ibiterwa. Ubhungarema burafungura utwo dukoko, ubuhungarema nabwo bukunda kwinyegeza mu biti vy'ivyamwa canke mu nzu z'ibigangara abantu batakibamwo.

Ido n’ido ku buzima bw’ibiterwa, indwara zavyo n’ibindi biza

Indwara Agakoko ko ku kibabi c'icamwa "pêche" Gasa gute: ibibabi vyizinze bisa n’umuhondo.

Ugasanga: ku vyamwa vya pêche n’amatunda.

Inkurikizimbi: vyonona ibibabi.

Mwokora iki: kura ibibabi vyose vyamaze kugwara kandi NTIMUBISHIRE MURI NYABAREGA ahandi hoho ifumbire mwoba muriko muratunganya ntimwoyikoresha.

Ingese Gasa gute: isa n’ikizinu ku bibabi.

Ugasanga: ku ma karoti, konkombre, pome, inkere (groseilles à maquereau), rose.

Inkurikizimbi: ibibabi vy’igiterwa birata akanovera n’ingaburo.

Mwokora iki: kuraho ibibabi vyose vyamaze gufatwa, koresha amazi y’igiterwa ca ortie muyamemere ku giterwa kugira mufashe igiterwa kuronka inguvu zo kwigwanira.

Ingese z’ubwishaza Gasa gute: iyo ndwara imeze nk’uduhere ku mababi.

Ugasanga: kuri radi. Radis n’igiterwa kimeze nk’igitunguru kikagira utwamwa dutukura.

Inkurikizimbi: amababi aranhinduka agasa n’ivu agaca yuma.

Mwokora iki: kura ku giti amababi yose yamaze kwandura ARIKO NTIMUYASHIRE MURI NYABAREGA, nimuyaturire!

55

56

Ido n’ido ku buzima bw’ibiterwa, indwara zavyo n’ibindi biza

Ukubora Gasa gute: Ku mababi no ku vyamwa usangaho amabara ashaka gusa n'ingese Ugasanga: amatomati Inkurikizi: Igiterwa cose kirashobora gupfa.

Mwokora iki: kura ku giti amababi yose yitwa ko yafashwe ariko mwirinde gukora ku giti. Kikuza igiti amazi.

Septoria Gasa gute: n’ubwoko bw’ingese bununuza akanovera n’amazi yo mu mababi y’ibiterwa.

Ugasanga: iseleri, amashu n’ipinari.

Inkurikizi: amababi arapfa.

Mwokora iki: kata amababi yose agwaye muce muyaturira, indwara Septoriya irandukira cane!

Ukubora kw’ivyamwa gutewe na Botrytis Gasa gute: Botrytis n’ubundi bwoko bw’ingese butera ibiterwa bufatiye ku gitsina c’amababi.

Ugasanga: inkere n’imizabibu.

Inkurikizi: amababi n’ivyamwa birapfa.

Mwokora iki: kwirinda amazi, inkere zikwiye gusasirwa.

Ido n’ido ku buzima bw’ibiterwa, indwara zavyo n’ibindi biza

Mycose Gasa gute: iyo ndwara isa n’ingese ku mababi canke ku vyamwa.

Ugasanga: amapome, ibiraya, ikaroti, iradi.

Inkurikizi: ivyamwa ntibikomera, hamwe n‘imizi nayo yoba yamaze kwandukirwa, igiterwa gica gipfa.

Mwokora iki: randura ibiterwa vyose vyamaze gufatwa, shiramwo ibivunguka vy’amahembe y’ibikoko hamwe mwobironka.

Indwara ya Mildiou y’isalade Gasa gute: isa n’ingese ku bibabi.

Ugasanga: ifata cane cane isalade, ipinari, iradi hamwe n’amashu.

Inkurikizi: ibiterwa birata uburyohe, amababi akabora.

Mwokora iki: kura amababi yose agwaye ku biti – ariko na cane cane NTIMUYASHIRE MURI NYABAREGA!

57

58

7 Ido n’ido ku vyerekeye inzuki

“Hamwe inzuki zozimangana kw’isi, abantu ntiborenza imyaka irenga ine yo kubaho kwisi.

Ata nzuki, nta ngurukizi zobaho (pollinisation)nta biterwa vyosubira kubaho, nta bikoko nta bantu bosubira kubaho.”

Albert Einstein Ayo majambo aringaho atwibutsa uruhara ntangere rw’inzuki mu buzima bw’abantu.

Ikigabane gikurikira kiradusigurira ingene twokubaka isi ibereye yubahiriza ibidukikike na cane cane inzuki kubera yuko zikenewe mu buzima.

Ido n’ido ku vyerekeye inzuki

Inzuki zibeshejweho n’ingurutsi arivyo bita “Pollen” (mu gifaransa) hamwe n’ubuki (nectar), utwo duce natwo tudusanga mu mashurwe.

Inzuki z’ingore nizo zamura ingurutsi(pollen) kugira zizizanire ivyana vyazo.

Ninaco gituma inzuki zitembera ziva mu mashurwe zija muyandi. Ariko mu mashurwe yose zicamwo zisigayo ingurutsi (pollen).

Igice c’ingurutsi kirashobora gusigara ku mashurwe y’ubwoko bumwe c’ibiti vy’ingore.

Ivyo bituma ingurutsi z’ingore zihura n’izingabo, ubuzima bugatangurira ngaho.

Ifumbire y’ikizungu irageramira inzuki Muri iyi myaka turangije haravuzwe cane mu binyeshamakuru ingene inzuki ziriko zirahona . Indwara igeramiye inzuki yonona cane cane ubwonko bwazo, ivyo bigatuma zicika ibijuju zidashobora kumenya iyo zija. Ikindi kibabaje nuko inyoni zifunguye izo nzuki zica zigwara na zonyene.

59

60

Ido n’ido ku vyerekeye inzuki

Abahinga bize ico kibazo batoye yuko hariho urufatangane ruri hagati y’urupfu rw’inzuki n’ikoreshwa ry’umuti w’ikizungu mu bwoko bwa néocotinoide ugeneye kwica udukoko no kurwanya indwara z’ibiterwa.

Mu yandi majambo, uwo muti wagirizwa yuko ariwo utuma inzuki zipfa.

OGM rivuga mu gifaransa “Organisme Génétiquement Modifié” nukuvuga imbuto zahinduwe ubwoko n’a karangabiterwa.

Ishirahamwe Monsanto, niryo shirahamwe rutura mpuzabihugu rikora ubwo bumara. Iryo shirahamwe rirongera rigakora za mbuto OGM ziyovye zo mu bwoko bw’ibigori arizo „ Rusamas Roundup Ready“. Iryo shirahamwe Monsanto ryarahinduye ubwo bwoko bw’ibigori, rishiramwo umuti ukomeye wo kugwanya ubukoko. Iyo inzuki ziriye ivyo bigori, bica bimera nkuko zoba ziriye uburozi, zica zicika ibijuju ntizisubire kumenya iyo amashurwe ari canke ibitiba vyazo.

Mu mwaka wa 2012 niho iryo shirahamwe Monsato ryatangaza isi yose yuko riguze ishirahamwe „Beelogics“, iri naryo rikaba ari ishirahamwe mpuzamakungu rigira ubushakashatsi ku nzuki. Mwumva bidatanganje kubona yuko ishirahamwe ryagirizwa gutikiza inzuki rigura ishirahamwe rishaka gucungera ubuzima bw’inzuki. Abarimyi benshi bagereranya iyo nyifato nk’akagomba kagura iraro ry’inkoko canke imfyisi yogura uruhongore rw’intama!

Ido n’ido ku vyerekeye inzuki

Biratangaje kubona abategetsi b’ibihugu vyo kwisi batarahagarika urudandazwa rw’ubwo bwoko bw’imiti yo kurwanya indwara z’ibiterwa n’utundi dukoko , kandi twagirizwa gutikiza inzuki. Ntibitangaje rero yuko inzuki zibandanya zipfa.

Ubwoko bwa “Thiacloprides” nabwo n’ubwoko 'bwagirizwa n’abashakashatsi yuko bugeramiye inzuki. Uwo bwoko bw’umuti bwahinguwe n’ishirahamwe Bayer„CropScience“. Mw‘imenyekanisha ry’uwo muti iryo shirahamwe rivuga yuko uwo muti woba ari „umugenzi w’inzuki“. Ivyo bisa no guhuma amaso abarimyi kuko abahinga barafise ivyemezo yuko uwo muti umeze nk’uburozi ku nzuki.

A KA

MO

Inkuru nziza twobashikiriza nuko, muciye ku buhinga ngurukanabumenyi Internet, abantu benshi baratera akamo bagasaba n’ibikumu vyanyu kugira urudandazwa rwiyo miti ruhagarikwe. Amakuru ari muri iki kigabane araza kubereka muri rusangi ingorane abarimyi bafise.

Nimba mufise umubanyi w’umurimyi akoresha iyo miti, mumenye yuko n’imirima yanyu ishobora kwandukirwa, inzuki nazo zigaca zihasiga agatwe, zidapfuye naho zirahunga ubutakigaruka. Ibi navyo birafise ingarukambi ku biterwa. Uburyo bwacu burafise aho bugera, kukaba nkako nta bushobozi dufise bwo kwugarana inzuki n’uruzitiro canke ngo twozongorera ngo ntizije muri uwu murima canke mu wundi. Ariko murafise ubushobozi bwo kuyaga n’abandi barimyi kandi mugatanga akarorero k’ingene mwotunganya umurima. Murashobora kugenda ku murongo ngururabumenyi wacu www.urugendorwubuzima.bi

61

62

Ido n’ido ku vyerekeye inzuki

Gutahura ingene inzuki zimeze Naho ku bantu benshi babona inzuki bakibaza ngo nico kimwe, kw’isi hari ubwoko bw’inzuki bushika ibihumbi 30.000. Kuva kera haraciye imyaka ibihumbi n’ibihumbi abantu bari barize ubuhinga bwo kworora inzuki kugira ngo bashobore kwimbura ubuki canke ishashara. Aborozi b’inzuki bari bazi ubuhinga bwo guhiga ibibanza bikwiye kugira borore inzuki nukuvuga ahantu hari amashurwe. Uko inzuki zironka ivyo zifungura nyinshi niko zironka ubushobozi bwo kwinbura ubuki.

Inzuki zubaka zitukura (Abeille maconne rouge)

Inzuki zisanura (Abeille charpentière) Inzuki zimota (Abeille sudoripare de l’Ancien Monde)

Hariho n’inzuki zidakunda gukorera mu kibiri, izo zishima cane aho zinyegeza. Ni vyiza rero yuko kenshi mwotegura ibibanza vyinyegeje kugira ngo inzuki zishobore kuhinyegeza, n’utundi dukoko tukaboneraho kugira zishobore kuhubaka utuzu.

Ido n’ido ku vyerekeye inzuki

Murashobora kwegeranya imbingo canke ibindi biti vyumye, amatafari afise ibinogo, imigano , ibiti vyumye, canke ibindi birundo vy’ibiti n’ibibanza vyiza inzuki n’utundi dukoko bishobora kwinyegezamwo.

Ariko ivyo birundo bikwiye gushirwa ahantu hadakanye canke hatari umugende w’amazi. Murashobora guca mutegura udusandugu tw’ibiti ariko mugasigaza utwango dutoduto inzuki zishobora kwinjiriramwo.

Ikibanza nkico kirashobora kuba uburaro bw’ibiremwa vyinshi ngirakamaro. Ni vyiza no ku bana bacaruka, bituma biga udukoko twinshi tudukikije, bakamenya akamaro katwo mu buzima bw’abantu.

Amavubi agur uka gute? Canke agar uka ryar i ? Canke intengasi canke imbata zuba ka icari gute?

Inyishu kuri ivyo bibazo canke ibindi murashobora kubitorera inyishu muravye muri ako gasandug u!

Ubumenyi buvuye mu burambe mu kazi burahambaye gusumba ubuvuye mu bitabu. Kandi birakenewe yuko abakiri bato botangura kwiga hakiri kare ingene ibidukikije bimeze n’ingene bikora, ivyo bica bituma bakurana umutima wo kubicungera, no kuvyubaha n’ukuvyubahiriza.

63

64

Ido n’ido ku vyerekeye inzuki

Ibiterwa mfungurwa vy’inzuki Kugira udukoko canke inzuki zigire ubuzima bwiza, zitegerezwa gufungura.

Natwe dukwiye gutera amashurwe n’ibindi biterwa kuko niho zikura infungurwa. Ibiterwa canke amashurwe nka calendulam marguerite millefeuille, canke ishurwe ry’izuba( tournesol) bimeze nk’isumaku y’udukoko canke inzuki. Ibiterwa nk’ikaroti, fenouil, aneth, persil, loyage, cerfeuil canke coriandre bifasha udukoko dutoduto kugira tugire abasoda benshi kandi bakora neza mu mubiri.

Uru rutonde rukurikira n’urwibiterwa inzuki zikunda, kandi biroroshe kurima.

Umuryango

Uburebure

Ishurwe

Amashurwe

Itera

Ambrette

Umuryango w’ipampa

Cm 8-30

Akamoto ka musc yera canke rose

Ruheshi gushika muri Gitugutu

Ndamukiza

Ishurwe ry’izuba

Composite

Gushika ku 2 m

Isa n’icatsi kibiri canke ikivuvu imbere , bivanze n’utubabi dusa n’umuhondo

Mukakaro gushika Gitugutu

Ndamukiza gushika muri Gitugutu

Papilionaceae

Cm 20-50

Umashurwe matoya atukura

Ruheshi gushika muri Myandagaro

Ntwarante gushika muri Nyakanga

Calendula

Composite

Cm 60

Ibara risa n’umucungwe uhiye hamwe n‘umuhondo

Mukakaro gushika Gitugutu

Ndamukiza gushika muri Gitugutu

Bleuet

Composite

Cm 50-90

Ryera, ibara rya rose, violet n’ubururu

Ruheshi gushika muri Nyakanga

Ntwarante gushika muri Ruheshi

Pavot

Environ 60 cm

Ibara ritukura nk’agahama

Rusama gushika muri Myandagaro

Ntwarante gushika muri Rusama

Papilionaceae

2-3 m de haut

Ubururu, ibara rya violet, ibara ryera

Mukakaro gushika muri Nyakanga

Mukakaro gushika muri Nyakanga

Trèfle cramoisi

Coquelicot

Lilas yo muci

8 Itera – ubuzima bw’ibiterwa buratanguye...

Ugukora imirima bitwigisha yuko igihe c’ibiterwa kimara umwaka wose.

Iyo muriko murakora ico gikorwa co gutegura indimo, niho mumenyera yuko umurima ukeneye yuko tuwitaho kandi yuko na wonyene ukwiye akaruhuko.

65

66

Itera– ubuzima bw’ibiterwa buratanguye...

Ingene hubakwa amatuta (ipikinyeri) Itatu canke ipikinyeri n’ikibanza hategurirwamwo imbuto kugira zigire imivyaro izohava itegwa mu mirima.

Ipikinyeri irashobora kubika ubutotahare canke ubushuhe, murashobora kuyiyubakira mwebwe nyene. Mukeneye imbaho nkeya, amatafari, igipahwa n’ibiti bikeya vyo gushigikira imbaho mugihe muzoba muriko murayubaka.

Intambwe imwe kuyindi mu kwubaka ituta (canke ipikinyeri) Rondera ikibanza izuba rishikamwo kandi ata muyaga uhari. Tegura ikibanza muzoshiramwo amatuta yanyu. Nimuhazingurize mu gushiraho amatafari mu burebure n’ubwaguke bw’umurima wanyu.

Muhejeje gushiraho ituta, kuramwo ivu ryose mwasanzeho hanyuma mwuzuze umwavu w’inka canke uwibindi bikoko, ongerako ivyo mwari mwashize muri nyabarega. Ntimwibagire gushiramwo ivu ryiza.

Nimutegure ibibanza muzoteramwo imbuto zanyu.

Muhejeje gutera imbuto ntimwibagire kandi kuvomera iryo tuta.

Muhejeje kwubaka rya tuta, rishire hejuru ya ya matafari ariko muyisige yuguruye hejuru. Ariko murashobora nokuyugara muravye ingene ibirere bimeze, hashushe murugurura ariko iyo hakanye murugara ituta. Mw’ijoro twobahanura yuko mwofuka ituta mukoresheje imitoto canke ibindi mushobora kuronka.

Itera– ubuzima bw’ibiterwa buratanguye...

Integuro y’imirima yanyu Ibiterwa bimwe bishobora kuja mu murima wanyu uri hafi, ariko ibintu navyo murashobora kubishira mu mirima isanzwe. Murakwiye gutera umurima wanyu n’ubukerebutsi, hinge tubirabire hamwe.

Ubwambere nimugire isuku mu murima mu gukangaza no gukuraho ivyatsi canke amababi yumye canke matoto ata kamaro agifise. Ivyo vyatsi murashobora guca mubishira muri nyabarega.

Muhejeje gutegura umurima, mwawugiriye isuku neza, shiraho ya fumbire ivuye muri nyabarega. Ifumbure ituma isi iguma itotahaye, ibi bikwegakwega udukoko nk’imisiba, iyi nayo ikaba ari ngirakamaro ku biterwa, na cane cane yuko bituma imizi y’ibiterwa imera neza ikaja mu kuzimu. Muribuka kurandura ivyatsi bibi mu kubikwega bikazanana n’imizi, nayo mubitemye, bizoca bisubira kumera kubera yuko imizi isigara mu kuzimu. Ntimwibagire no kubagara hamwe bikenewe.

67

68

Itera– ubuzima bw’ibiterwa buratanguye...

Nako tubibutse yuko kuva mu kwezi kwa gatatu ari igihe c’ibifyera. Ntimuhirahire ngo mutera amashu ibibanza ibifyera bitembereramwo, ahandi ho mwoyasangira navyo.

ye ra, r uke k u bif Na ko tuga e ra ba umu reng hamwe vyo ta a b uzana im mu rib uka k nene. k ug ira zise

Mu ntango za ntwarante, kenshi ivyamwa biba bigeze gushurika, ariko biza no mu ntara mubamwo. Mukwiye kubitotora, mugakata amababi yumye mugasigaza matoto. Ivyo bica bituma igiti kivomera amababi afise akamaro, kandi ntigisesagure uburyohe gikura mu kuzimu. Mufise inkere canke amabungo, shinga ibiti kugira bishobora kuronka aho vyizingira. Gutryo ivyo biti bishobora gufasha mu gihe ivyamwa bizotangura kuremera.

Itera– ubuzima bw’ibiterwa buratanguye...

Gukorera imirima n’ibiterwa Rimwe rimwe iyo muriko murakorera si vyiza guhindukiza isi kuko bica bituma udukoko dufasha mwifumbire tutabanya akazi nkuko bikwiye. Ibiterwa nk’ibitunguru vy’amababi, amashu, isalade, ipinari n’ibindi bikunda isi ikoze neza kuri ubwo buryo. Nimusome ivyanditse ku rupapuro 37, handitse ingene mwotegura ibiterwa bimwe bimwe.

Ntimwibagire yuko ibiterwa bikiri bito bikeneye isi itotahaye. Nta bushobozi bifise bwo kubika amazi canke bwo kuyavoma mu kuzimu kuko ata mizi biba biragira.

Amazi y’imvura niyo abereye mu kuvomera ibiterwa, amazi yo mwi robine si meza na gato ku biterwa kuko arimwo ivyo bita chlore hamwe n’iyindi miti y’ikizungu.

Gerageza rero kudasesagura amazi yimvura.

69

70

Itera– ubuzima bw’ibiterwa buratanguye...

Ivyatsi cimeza ngirakamaro Kuva kera na rindi, ivyatsi cimeza bimwe bimwe vyaragiriye akamaro abantu n’ibikoko mu kwivuza no kurwanya indwara zitandukanye. Akarorero ni ifaransi zo mwishamba iyo zifise ingorane yo kuribwa mu nda zari zizi yuko zitegerezwa kurisha igiterwa citwa camomille. Intama zikeneye thym iyo zishaka kwivura inzoka zo munda.

Ibikoko birafise ubwo bumenyi !

Ku kiremwa muntu, ibiterwa nkivyo ntibiryoshe gusa ahubwo birarengejeho kuko bikomeza ba basoda bo mu mubiri. Ibiterwa nkivyo biterwa mu ntango y’ukwezi kwa Ntwarante, ariko ivyo vyose biva ku karere n’intara mubamwo. Ivyo biterwa ntibikunda cane imbeho.

Ibiterwa vya menthe poivrée na mélisse biravyara cane, naho wokoresha imizi. Vyongeye n’ibiterwa ushobora gutera hamwe n’ibindi vyose, birakundana kubana.

Itera– ubuzima bw’ibiterwa buratanguye...

Nguru urutonde rw’ibiterwa ngirakamaro kandi vyoroshe kurima (ibi biharuro vyakozwe bafatiye mu ntara za Bulaya birashoboka yuko ibiharuro bihinduka mu zindi ntara): Uburebure bw’isemo (cm)

Ikibanza kiri hagati y’imirongo

Ruhuhuma: ituta, Rusama: hanze

0,3-0,5

40 x 25

Sarriette d’hiver

Ntwarante: hanze

Ahateze

30 x 25

Sarriette

Ndamukiza - ruheshi: hanze

Ahateze

30 x 25

Bourrache

Ndamukiza gushika muri Ruheshi, hanze

0,5-1,0

30 x 40

Aneth

Ndamukiza gushika muri ruheshi, hanze

2,0-3,0

30 x 10

Origan

Ruhuhuma: ituta, Rusama: hanze

0

30 x 25

Fenouil

Ntwarante - ndamukiza: hanze

1,0-2,0

30 x 25

Cerfeuil

Ntwarante - ruheshi: hanze

0

30 x 10

Coriandre

Ntwarante - ndamukiza: hanze

1,0-2,0

30 x 10

Carvi

Ntwarante - ruheshi: hanze

1,0-2,0

30 x 10

Lavande

Ruhuhuma: ituta, Rusama: hanze

0

30 x 25

Izina

Itera

Bazilike

71

72

Itera– ubuzima bw’ibiterwa buratanguye...

Izina

Itera

Livèche

Ntwarante: ituta

Uburebure bw’isemo (cm)

Ikibanza kiri hagati y’imirongo

1,0-2,0

40 x 60

Plat

30 x 25

Ndamukiza : hanze

Majoram doux

Ndamukiza - Rusama: hanze

Pimpinella

Ntwarante, hanze

0

30 x 25

Sauge

Ntwarante: ituta

0

30 x 25

0

30 x 25

2,0-2,5

30 x 25

1,0

30 x 25

Rusama: hanze

Oseille commune

Ndamukiza, hanze

Ciboulette

Ruhuhuma: ituta Ndamukiza gushika muri Mukakaro: hanze

Cumin noir

Impera za Ndamukiza, hanze

Marguerite couronnée

Ndamukiza, hanze

0

30 x 25

Thym

Ntwarante: ituta

0

30 x 25

Rusama: hanze

Cress

Ruhuhuma: ituta Ndamukiza gushika muri Nyakanga: hanze

0

5 x 10

Hysope

Ntwarante: ituta

0

30 x 25

0

40 x 25

Ndamukiza: hanze

Mélisse

Ntwarante: ituta Rusama: hanze

9 Ici – Gutegura imirima hagati ya Ruheshi na Nzero

Muri iki gice c’umwaka, imirima yanyu ikeneye isuku, mwategerezwa gutera imbuto nshasha. Twobibutsa yuko imbuto zikeneye amazi kugira zimere na cane mu gihe c’ici(mu gihe haka uruzuba rwinshi).

Ici n’igihe udukoko tugeramira ibiterwa twiyongera. Inda z’ibitunguru vy’amababi n’umwansi akomeye wico giterwa. Iyo zishitse mu murima w’ibitunguru nta babi na rimwe risigara ku gitunguru. None mwokora iki mu kwirinda yuko utwo dukoko twegera mu mirima? Kenshi ni vyiza gukoresha uburyo abantu benshi badakunda gukoresha, murashobora gupfuka ibiterwa vyanyu mukoresheje imisegetera y’ibiterwa. Iyo misegetera imeze nkimwe bakoresha mu kwirinda imibu, ubudasa bwayo nuko ikora ku biterwa. Murashobora gukoresha iyo misegetera mu kwirinda isazi zigeramira ikaroti.

73

74

Ici – Gutegura imirima hagati ya Ruheshi na Nzero

Gukorera imirima Uburyo bwo kwubaka umusegetera Imbere yo gukora umusegetera, mukwiye kubanza kworosha isi yegereye ibiterwa.

Ca musuka hejuru ivyatsi vyo mu murima vyagizwe ubunywenywe. Ibi vyatsi ituma haboneka ifumbire kuko niyo udukoko dutoduto tumwe bita micro-organisme mu gifaransa dukoresha kugira haboneke ifumbire nyakuri. Ivyo vyatsi bituma n’abasoda b’ ibiterwa bakora neza.

Fata twa duti mwategura mushire kamwe kamwe mu mfuruka zine z’umurima, akagatanu nako kaje hagati.

Umusegetera uca hejuru y’utwo duti.

Ariko mukwiye kuhagabira mufatiye ku ngingo zitatu. Ubwambere nuko umusegetera woshika hasi rwose mu kuzimu uciye ku mpande kugira ntihagire agakoko kazinjiramwo.

Icakabiri uwo musegetera utegerezwa kureka izuba rigashikira ibiterwa. Icanyuma nuko uwo musegetera wokworoha ku buryo utobangamira ibiterwa kugukura.

Mukoresheje ya suka yutwinyo duto duto ariyo rateau , korera uwo murima ku buryo hinjiramwo akayaga kandi mugakangaza neza.

Nkuko twigeze kubibashikiriza mukwiye gutuza ivyatsi bibi n’imizi mu kabikwega , kubitema ntaco bifasha na gatoya kuko imizi iguma mu kuzimu. Haheze igihe irasubira ikamera.

75

Ici – Gutegura imirima hagati ya Ruheshi na Nzero

Nimusuzume ibiterwa bikeneye ikibanza gusumba ibindi. Gutryo birashobora gutanga umwimbu mwiza gusumba iyo bitaronse ikibanza.

Impanuro twobaha ku vyerekeye poivron vert, nuko itanguye gushurika ubwambere, twobahanura yuko amashurwe ya mbere mwoyakurako. Mu nyuma bituma ico giterwa kigira amashurwe menshi gusumba nukuvuga umwimbu mwiza.

Chicor

Ch ou

fr

ch MâSem

Chou dee S Sem nc

Cho u- fl e Sem enc e

s

Muri iki gihe niho mukwiye gutera amashu y’ubwoko bwose, isalade na endive.

Ibiter-wa bifise ivyamwa bitoto nk’inkere bikenera amazi menshi.

ur

76

Ici – Gutegura imirima hagati ya Ruheshi na Nzero

Murasuzuma neza yuko mwasasiye munsi y’ivyamwa vy’ibiti vy’inkere, bituma ubushushe buguma mw’isi.

Nimba mutera imizabibu, irakeneye gufashwa kugira ntijondame kubera ukuremera.

Ugucungera Nkuko mushobora kuba mubizi biragoye yuko mufungura ivyamwa nkivyo mukivyamura. Bihira rimwe hanyuma mukavyamurira rimwe.

Ikindi naco nuko bitabikwa neza. Nico gituma bikwiye kubikwa mu gice gikanye c’isandugu yo gukanyisha bita frigo mu gifaransa. Birashoboka yuko bamwe bamwe mu basomyi b’iki gitabo bashobora kuba badafise za frigo. Murashobora kurondera ubundi buryo bwo kubika ivyo vyamwa mu gukora confiture. Ikindi kigoye ni ukuzitwara kuko kenshi zirafyonyoka.

Ico mwokora nuko mwokwirinda kuzigerekeranya imwe kuyindi.

Nukurondera isahani canke isiniya mukazishirako hanyuma zikaja muri frigo. Haheze amasaha ntiziba zigifyonyonka murashobora guca muzishira mu gafuko ko gukanyisha.

Ici – Gutegura imirima hagati ya Ruheshi na Nzero

Hageze kuzikura muri frigo mukwiye kuzisubiza kw’isiniya nkuko mwazishizeyo, kiretse mushatse kuzigira confiture canke igicucume.

Murashobora no gukanyisha ibirungo nka bazilike, persil, ciboulette canke aneth, ntaco biba bigiye muri frigo, kandi biranagumana akanovera. Ku batagira frigo harashobora kuba ingorane kuko zica zihuta kwuma iyo ziri ahantu hashushe. Ku bafise frigo twobahanura yuko mwozibika mu kibanza gikanyisha gusumba ibindi, hamwe usanga ibarafu.

Hariho ubundi buryo bwo kubika ivyamwa umwanya munini. Aho twovuga nka pome, imyembe, imihwi n’ibindi vyamwa vyo muri ubwo bwoko: murashobora kuvyumisha. Mwovyifatamwo gutrya: banza muzikate udupande duto duto, mufise imashini yo guteka nimuzishire munsi(four), ca muduza ubushuhe gushika ku rugezo rwa 50 C canke 60C mu minota 45. Ico kiringo giheze murashobora gushingura ivyo vyamwa mu dufuko . Ariko rero udufuko twa plastike ntitubika neza, hamwe mworonka udukopo tw’ibirahure vyoba vyiza gusumba.

Ubwo buryo bwo kubika ivyamwa, murashobora no kubukoresha mu kubika imboga mubanje kuziteka.

77

78

Ici – Gutegura imirima hagati ya Ruheshi na Nzero

Iyo mubigenjeje gutryo twobahanura yuko mwoteka izo mboga zigasha neza gushika ku rugezo rw‘ubushuhe 100 C. Ku vyerekeye imboga ni vyiza yuko mwozibikana vinaigre kugira zigumane akanovera. Mu vyamwa mwokongeramwo amazi avanze n’isukari. Ikindi mukwiye gukora nukuraba neza yuko ivyo bikopo vyugaye neza kugira ntihagire akayaga kajamwo ahandi ho vyoca vyononekara.

Ibirungo vy'ivyatsi mu munyu Naho tuzi neza yuko umunyu mwinshi atari mwiza mu mfungurwa, birakenewe yuko muwukoresha kugira ibirungo vy’ivyatsi bishobore kubikika neza. Mukwiye gushira ivyo birungo ahantu hari izuba kandi hashushe. Gutryo amazi ari murivyo aca ayonga, ariko amavuta agumamwo, ninayo azanira imfungurwa zanyu akanovera.

Nimufate estragon , thym na romarin bivange n’umunyu wo mu kiyaga, vanga vyose mukoresheje agasekuro gatoya. Uwo munyu ntugira ingarukambi ku magara y’abantu kandi mushobora kuwukoresha kuri ku myungu (citrouille canke courgette), amashu n‘ itomati.

Ici – Gutegura imirima hagati ya Ruheshi na Nzero

Mushobora kubika izo mboga iminsi itari mike muri frigo. Twobahanura yuko ari vyiza ku magara yanyu yuko mwofungura rimwe ku munsi salade.

Isalade yo muci Ibiyiko 2 vy’amavuta ya olive Ibitunguru 2 vy’amateke vyagizwe ubunywenye Ibizinu hafi amagramma 230 Igitunguru sumu 1 Ikaroti 2 nini, zikasemwo uduce duto duto Ibiraya 2 bihwase mubikate uduce dutoduto Udupfungo 2 twa seleri Udukombe 2 tw’ishu Agakombe 1 k’ibiharage vy’imiteza Ibikombe 3 vya bouillon y’imboga Akayiko 1 k’umunyu Akayiko 1 ka poivre yirabura Utuyiko 2 tw’ifu yibigori Utuyiko 2 tw’isosi y’isoya Umutsima w’ibigori: Utuyiko 2 tw’ifu y‘ibigori, akayiko 1 k‘umunyu, inusu ½ y’agakombe k’amavuta y‘ibiterwa, inusu ½ y’agakombe k’amazi.

Vanga ifu y’ibigori, isosi y’isoya n’icakane (1/4) c’amazi , ca musukamwo za mboga zose. Ongeramwo umunyu n’agapilipili(poivre).

Yungurura ya fu y’ibigori ongeramwo umunyu. Shiramwo yamavuta, vanga vyose gushika naho muronka umutsima.

Fata igice ca wa mutsima, gishire kw’ipanu ishobora kuja mu mashini yo guteka, ongerako hejuru ivyo mwateguye gukoza, shirako ca gipande casigara c’umutsima. Ca mushira vyose mu mashini yo guteka ku bushuhe bungana na 220 C. Ibi rero mwobigira mufise imashini yo guteka. Mutayifise koresha ubundi buryo buboroheye.

79

80

Ici – Gutegura imirima hagati ya Ruheshi na Nzero

Imyungu (courgettes) zitetse muri four Agakombe 1 ka fromage cheddar Akayiko 1 ka Origan Akayiko 1 ka bazilike Ibitunguru sumu 3 bisyeye bivanze n’umunyu na poivre(agapilipili) Imyungu(courgette) 4 Itomate 5 Ica kane ¼ c’igikombe c’amavuta (beurre) Ibiyiko 2 vy’ibitunguru Ibice ¾ vy’ibivunguka vy’umukate Ku bafise imashini yo guteka, yishushe gushika ku rugezo rwa 190 C, vanga iforomaji cheddar n’ibirungo. Mw’isafuriya mwateguye katiramwo courgette, renza vya vyatsi vy’ibirungo tutibagiye ya ya formaji.

Ongerako hejuru itomati ikasemwo udupande dutoya. Ongeramwo ibindi vyatsi vy’ibirungo, shira hejuru izindi courgette. Vanga iformaji isigaye na courgette, n’ibivunguka vy’umukate. Bishire mu mashini (four) mu kiringo c’iminota 40.

Igicumbe c’amashu na tomate Icagatatu 1/3 c’agakombe k’amavuta ya lin canke olive Utuyiko 3 twa vinaigre canke umucungwe ucamurwa Ikiyiko 1 c’umunyo na poivre Ishu 1 nini ikasemwo (chou fleur) ibice bito bito Igice c’ibitunguru vy’amateke bisyeye Inusu ½ y’igikombe ca persil isyeye Ibitunguru sume 2 bisyeye Itomati 4 zisyeye Ongeramwo ibindi vyose mwateguye, ca mubishira muri frigo bimareyo amasaha 4.

Murahejeje gusoma iki gitabu kibasigura ingene mushobora gutera indimo umwaka wose, mukaba muriko muritegurira umwaka w’indimo buca utangura. Kugira mubisho-bore neza nimufate icahier mwandikemwo ubumenyi bushasha muhejeje kuronka. Muzobona yuko uko umwaka utaha ariko muzogenda murungura ubumenyi mu kurima.

Mugire umugisha.

Uru rutonde n‘ikirangaminsi bishobora kudahura n’igihe muravye intara murimwo . Mushobora kugihindura muravye imigenzo n’inyifato zisanzwe zikurikizwa ngaho.

P.S. Murashobora kwitaba ihiganwa twabateguriye mukaronka agashimwe. Nimurungike amafoto y’imirima yanyu ku murongo info@urugendorwubuzima.bi, uwuzoba uwambere azoronka agashimwe.

Iki gitabu cahinduwe mu kirundi kivuye mu rurimi rw'icongereza na Philibert Coyitungiye.

ISBN 978-94-92173-07-2 Itangazwa icese rya mbere © 2016 Dr. Rath Health Foundation Gitangajwe na Dr. Rath Health Foundation Nyene igitabu ku biraba amategeko: Dr. Rath Education Services B.V. Postbus 656 NL-6400 AR Heerlen Tél. : 0031 457 111 222 Fax : 0031 457 111 229 E-Rusamal : info@rath-eduserv.com Internet : www.rath-eduserv.com Amasanamu: © Andreas Bachmann Uwufise uburenganzira kuri igitabu. Birabujijwe bikaziririzwa yuko ikigabane canke iki gitabu gishobora gushirwa ku murongo ngurukana bumenyi uwari wose canke kigakoreshwa uburyo ubwari bwose, tutibagiye kugikoporora canke mbere uburyo bwose bushobora kubaho mu kubika, ata ruhusha rwa nyeneco rutanzwe mu biraba amategeko. Urwo ruhusha rutegerezwa kuba mu nyandiko.

Iki gitabu ca Mirja ki gira indwi zikwiye ku kikaba cere rangurwa kana intam mu gutun kandi uber ganya um bwe eye, umun urima kija tu ashobora ku buryo b mbere kurimamw ujanye n’ib o imboga ihe tugezem wo kandi b ingarukam utagira bi ku mag ar a y‘abantu Nimwirabire . nam

we ingene imfungurw mushobora a zirimwo ku magara kurima muk vitamine ya im n’ivyunyun ny u! Ubumen muri kino yu ngiraka bura yi n‘ubuhin gitabu vyav maro ga twabat uye mu ce abasokuru ororokaniri gerenyo c’ hamwe n’ab je ubumenyi no mu mib arutse kera n‘uburyo ereho vyab bakoresha o.

Ibi bidutum mu kurima ingene isi a dutahura imeze ham gusumba we n’ibiduk nziza nirw ikije. Imfu o rufunguz ngurwa o ru du n’ubuzima shikana ku bwiza! magara