The Introduction Of New Information Technology Has Aa Ripple

The Introduction Of New Information Technology Has Aa Ripple Effe The introduction of new information technology has a: a. ripple effect, raising new ethical, social, and political issues. b. beneficial effect for society as a whole, while raising dilemmas for consumers. c. waterfall effect in raising ever more complex ethical issues. d. dampening effect on the discourse of business ethics. 2. In the information age, the obligations that individuals and organizations have concerning rights to intellectual property fall within the moral dimension of: a. accountability and control. b. system quality. c. information rights and obligations. d. property rights and obligations. 3. Accepting the potential costs, duties, and obligations for the decisions you make is referred to as: a. responsibility. b. accountability. c. liability. d. due process. 4. Which of the five moral dimensions of the information age do the central business activities of ChoicePoint raise? a. System quality b. Accountability and control c.

Information rights and obligations d. Property rights and obligations 5. A classic ethical dilemma is the hypothetical case of a man stealing from a grocery store in order to feed his starving family. If you used the Utilitarian Principle to evaluate this situation, you might argue that stealing the food is: a. acceptable, because the grocer suffers the least harm. b. wrong, because the man would not want the grocer to steal from him. c. wrong, because if everyone were to do this, the concept of personal property is defeated. d. acceptable, because the higher value is the survival of the family. 6. Immanuel Kant’s Categorical Imperative states that: a. if an action cannot be taken repeatedly, then it is not right to be taken at any time. b. one should take the action that produces the least harm or incurs the least cost. c. one can put values in rank order and understand the consequences of various courses of action. d. if an action is not right for everyone to take, it is not right for anyone to take. 7. Types of information gathered by Web site tracking tools include all of the following except: a. purchases. b. birthplace. c. income. d. health concerns. 8. The limitation of trade secret protection for software is that it is difficult to prevent the ideas in the work from falling into the public domain when: a. the courts become involved. b. a new version of the software is released. c. hackers are able to break into the source code. d. the software is widely distributed. 9. Software used to apply the computer to a specific task for an end user is called: a. system software. b. application software. c. data management software. d. network software. 10. The business case for using grid computing involves all of the following except: a. cost savings. b. centralized maintenance. c. agility. d. speed of computation. 11. A high-speed network dedicated to storage that connects different kinds of storage devices, such as tape libraries and disk arrays so they can be shared by multiple servers, best describes: a. ASP. b. LAN. c. SSN. d. SAN. 12. Purchasing computing power from a central computing

service and paying only for the amount of computing power used is commonly referred to as: a. autonomic computing. b. grid computing. c. utility computing. d. client/server computing. 13. Which of the following is a type of optical disk storage? a. CD-ROM b. Hard drive c. USB Flash drive d. Magnetic tape 14.

Software applications that combine different components of online software applications are referred to as: a. grid computing. b. integrated software. c. widgets. d. mashups. 15. To analyze the direct and indirect costs and determine the actual cost of specific technology implementations, you would use a: a. total cost of ownership model. b. cost benefit analysis. c. return on investment model. d. break-even point. 16.

Which of the following is an open-source operating system designed for mobile devices? a. iOS b. Chrome c. Android d. OS X 17. In a table for customers, the information about a single customer would reside in a single: a. field. b. row. c. column. d. table. 18. What is the first step you should take in managing data for a firm? a. Normalize the data before importing to a database b. Audit your data quality c. Identify the data needed to run the business d. Cleanse the data before importing it to any database 19. Which of the following best illustrates the relationship between entities and attributes? a. The entity CUSTOMER with the attribute ADDRESS b. The entity PRODUCT with the attribute CUSTOMER c. The entity PRODUCT with the attribute PURCHASE d. The entity CUSTOMER with the attribute PRODUCT 20. A field identified in a table as holding the unique identifier of the table’s records is called the: a. key field. b. primary key. c. primary field. d. foreign key. 21. A one-to-one relationship between two entities is symbolized in a diagram by a line that ends: a. in two short marks. b. with a crow’s foot. c. in one short mark. d. with a crow’s foot topped by a short mark. 22. Which of the following best describes the importance of creating an accurate data model for your business’s database? a. Critical, as without one, your data may be inaccurate, incomplete, or difficult to retrieve b. Somewhat important, as the type of data model will define what kinds of data will be stored c. Essential, as table relationships cannot be created without an accurate data model d. It is not essential, as the data model itself is modified by the database continuously. 23. The process of streamlining data to minimize redundancy and awkward many-to-many relationships is called: a. normalization. b. data scrubbing. c. data cleansing. d. data administration. 24.

Which of the following statements about data warehouses is not true? a. Data warehouse systems provide a range of ad hoc and standardized query tools, analytical tools, and graphical reporting facilities. b. Data warehouse systems provide easy-to-use tools for managers to easily update data. c. They may include data from Web site transactions. d. They store supply data to be used across the enterprise for management analysis and decision making. 25. A DBMS makes the: a. physical database available for different logical views. b. logical database available for different analytical views. c. physical database available for

different relational views. d. relational database available for different physical views.

Paper For Above instruction Introduction Of New Information Technology Has Aa Ripple Effe The Introduction Of New Information Technology Has Aa Ripple Effe The rapid advancement of information technology (IT) in recent decades has brought about profound changes across various sectors of society, economics, and governance. One of the core concepts arising from this evolution is the ripple effect, which signifies how the introduction of new technologies triggers a cascade of ethical, social, and political issues that influence multiple domains simultaneously. Unlike linear progressions, this ripple effect amplifies the interconnectedness and complexity of the challenges faced by individuals, organizations, and policymakers. This essay explores the multifaceted implications of technological innovations, focusing on ethical dilemmas, rights and obligations, data management, and the security challenges inherent in the digital landscape.

The Ripple Effect of Technological Innovation In the context of information technology, the ripple effect refers to the phenomenon where a single technological advancement triggers a series of secondary issues. For instance, the proliferation of social media platforms has heightened concerns regarding privacy, misinformation, and data security. These issues evoke moral debates about responsibility, accountability, and the rights of individuals versus organizations. As technology becomes more embedded in daily life, ethical, social, and political dilemmas intensify, demanding comprehensive frameworks for governance and regulation.

Ethical and Social Dimensions One of the critical ethical considerations in the digital age pertains to intellectual property rights. As new forms of digital content emerge, the moral obligations related to protecting creators' rights become more complex, involving notions of accountability and control. For example, digital piracy and unauthorized sharing challenge legal and moral boundaries, requiring organizations to implement effective data security measures and intellectual property protections. Additionally, the responsibilities of organizations in safeguarding user data and maintaining system integrity relate directly to the moral dimensions of system quality and accountability.

Data Management and Privacy

Data management, especially in the age of web tracking and big data, presents significant ethical challenges. Web site tracking tools collect vast amounts of user data, including personal information such as purchase history, income, health concerns, and even birthplace. These practices raise questions about information rights and obligations, emphasizing the importance of respecting user privacy while balancing organizational needs for data collection. Proper data governance involves establishing clear policies for data collection, storage, and use, adhering to legal standards, and ensuring transparency with users.

Intellectual Property and Software Protection The realm of intellectual property, especially software, highlights the limitations of legal protections such as trade secrets. When software becomes widely distributed, it is difficult to prevent ideas from entering the public domain, which can undermine the original investment of developers. Licensing, copyright, and patent laws aim to mitigate these issues; however, challenges persist in enforcing protections in the digital environment. Open-source operating systems like Android demonstrate alternative approaches, emphasizing collaborative development and shared access.

Data Storage and Infrastructure Technologies such as storage area networks (SANs) exemplify the infrastructure needed to support enterprise data needs. SANs connect high-speed storage devices to multiple servers, facilitating efficient data sharing and management. Likewise, grid and utility computing enable organizations to purchase computing resources dynamically, optimizing costs and enhancing computational capabilities. These technological infrastructures are pivotal in supporting big data analytics, machine learning applications, and real-time decision-making processes.

Security Concerns and Ethical Dilemmas Security in the digital environment involves safeguarding data integrity, confidentiality, and availability.

The ongoing risks posed by hackers, malware, and insider threats challenge organizations to implement robust security protocols. The ethical dilemma arises when balancing security measures with user privacy rights. For example, invasive surveillance or extensive data collection may protect against cyber threats but infringe upon individual privacy, raising moral questions about the extent and justification of such measures.

Data Modeling and Management

Effective data management requires constructing accurate data models, which are essential for ensuring data integrity, consistency, and usability. Creating a proper data model involves understanding entities and attributes, establishing relationships between datasets, and normalizing data to minimize redundancy. The use of data warehouses supports strategic decision-making by integrating data from multiple sources, including web transactions and enterprise systems, facilitating comprehensive analysis and reporting.

Conclusion The integration of new information technologies continues to generate a cascade of ethical, social, and political issues that need careful consideration. The ripple effect underscores the interconnected nature of technological innovations and their consequences on privacy, security, property rights, and data management. As organizations and individuals navigate this complex landscape, adopting ethical frameworks such as Kantian deontology and utilitarianism can guide responsible decision-making.

Ultimately, fostering a culture of ethical awareness and proactive regulation is crucial in harnessing the benefits of technology while mitigating its risks.

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