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dkjiksjsV ehfM;k Hkfo"; esa jk"Vª&lekt ds fy, [krjs dk lcc cusxh

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tks lq[k nwljs dks nq[k ns] th&izHkqRo ls izdkf'kr v[kckj vkSj Vhoh pSuy ds cktkjijd gksus ds dkj.k i=kdkfjrk tSls og lq[ k ds ;ks X ; ugha ifo=k&deZ dks fyy fy;k gSA i=kdkfjrk dh txg vc ^ehfM;k* 'kCn dk iz;ksx fd;k tkus yxk gSA ehfM;k ls lekt dk Hkyk dHkh ugha gks ldrkA d÷N ikBd dkj] fÝt] Vhoh] ,ylhMh] MhohMh] orZu&oklu migkj lykgdkj laiknd esa ikdj iw¡th&izHkqRo ehfM;k dks viuk fgrS"kh ekuus yxs gSa] ysfdu blls jk"Vª vkSj lekt dk pfj=k [kks[kyk fxjh'k iadt 

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vkSj detksj gks jgk gSA vkus okys le; esa i=kdkfjrk dh uSfrdrk] tks FkksM+k&cgqr cph gqbZ gS] og nqyZHk oLrq ekuh tk;sxhA orZeku Lo:i esa tSlk ehfM;k dk dke py jgk gS] blls dkjiksjsV ehfM;k ds lapkydksa] laikndksa dh frtksjh gh Hkj jgh gSA ^ehfM;k* dsoy dekbZ dk ekè;e curk tk jgk gSA ;g v'kqHk ladsr gS] tks jk"Vª vkSj lekt ds fy, Hkfo"; esa Hkkjh [krjk mRié djsxkA n`f"Vikr dk orZeku vad i=kdkfjrk dks lefiZr gSA vki blls i=kdkfjrk ds ewy rRo ls ysdj orZeku ifjizs{; esa cnyrs Lo:i n'kk&fn'kk ij lkjxfHkZr vkys[k] tkudkjh] fn'kk&funsZ'k vkfn izkIr dj ldsaxsA i=kdkfjrk ds fo|kfFkZ;ksa] 'kks/kfFkZ;ksa ds fy, ;g vad cgqr gh mi;ksxh lkfcr gksxkA vc ge FkksM+k n`f"Vikr djsa y?kq i=k&if=kdkvksa ,oa i=kdkjksa dh fn'kk] nqnZ'kk ,oa i=kdkfjrk ds {ks=k esa tes jgus ds tíkstgn ijA iwjs Hkkjr o"kZ esa dekscs'k y?kq i=k&if=kdkvksa vkSj blesa yxs i=kdkjksa dh vkfFkZd&lkekftd fLFkfr ,d gh gSA mUgsa vius vfLrRo ds lkFk&lkFk vius izdk'ku dk vfLrRo Hkh cpkuk iM+rk gSA Hkkjh Li/kZ dk lkeuk djrs gq, thou&ej.k dh pqukSrh Lohdkjrs gq, i=kdkfjrk /eZ dh e'kky dks u cw>us nsus ds fy, lkjh cnukfe;ksa dk xjy y?kq&i=k] if=kdk ds i=kdkj ih jgs gSaA buds lkeus vkfFkZd leL;k lqjlk dh rjg ges'kk eq¡g ck;s [kM+h jgrh gSA budk lkekftd Lrj isV ls Åij mB ugha ikrkA ,sls esa izfrLi/hZ lekt esa fVds jguk buds fy, nwljh Hkkjh pqukSrh gSA u lkekftd lqj{kk dh dksbZ xkjaVh jgrh gS vkSu u gh ikfjokfjd lq[k] cPpksa dh i<+kbZ&fy[kkbZ] fpfdRlk vkSj LokLF; dk iq[rk bartkeA bu lkjh leL;kvksa ls xzflr jguk budh fu;fr cu x;h gS] fQj Hkh lkjh pqukSfr;ksa dks bZekunkjh ls Lohdkj djrs gq, i=kdkfjrk dh ykS dks txexkus esa dksbZ dlj ugha NksM+rsA ljdkj vkSj lekt bUgsa fgdkjr dh utj ls ns[krh gSA izrkfM+r djrh jgrh gSA iw¡thifr v[kckj bUgsa viuk nq'eu le>rk gS] rks usrk&vQlj dk :[kk vkSj lkSrsyk O;ogkj ân; fonkjd gksrk gSaA gj ix ij vieku frjLdkj dk na'k >syuk iM+rk gSA ysfdu dHkh&dHkh lân; vf/dkfj;ksa@yksxksa dk Hkh lEEkku fey tkrk gS] ftlls lkjs dM+qokgV /wfey iM+ tkrs gSaA >kj[kaM esa rks y?kq i=kdkj ,oa i=k&if=kdkvksa dh fLFkfr cn ls cnrj gSA eq.Mk th ds izFke dk;Zdky rd rks dqN gn rd Bhd&Bkd jgk] ysfdu orZeku esa eq.Mk ljdkj esa cSBs ,d lykgdkj ds ds dkj.k y?kq lekpkj i=k&i=kdkjksa dh nqnZ'kk esa btkQk gks x;k gSA eq[;ea=kh rd y?kq lekpkj ds i=kdkjksa dks igqp ¡ us rd ugha nsrsA ftlds pyrs eq[;ea=kh rd viuh okLrfod fLFkfr dks j[kuk eqf'dy gks x;k gSA ;g >kj[kaM ljdkj ds fy, jktdh; 'keZ vkSj 'kksd ls de ugha gSaA vkt tks fLFkfr y?kq i=k&if=kdk vkSj i=kdkjksa dh gS] mlesa ,sls yksxksa dks bl {ks=k esa ?kql vkuk Hkh gS] ftUgsa i=kdkfjrk ls dksbZ yxko ugha gS] ysfdu vius izHkqRo vkSj izHkko ls usrk&vQlj] ljdkj esa cSBs csbeku vf/dkfj;ksa ds lkFk lkB&xk¡B dj foKkiu izkIr djuk vkSj 100&200 izfr;k¡ Nki dj lekt vkSj ljdkj dks /ks[kk nsus dh izo`fr us i=kdkfjrk dks iru dh jkg ij <dsy fn;k gSA

vUnj ds i`"Bksa ij

jktd÷ekj dHkh Hkh[k ugha ekaxrs---4 ---vkSj lkfcr gks x;k] bZ'oj dk ---7  >kj[kaM esa f'k{kk---8 dksMjek dh vc cnysxh rdnhj---9 lhchvkbZ us dlk f'kdatk---10 D;ksa ekjk x;k eqf[k;k\---12dye dk flikgh ---14 ehfM;k ls xk;c efgyk,¡---17 dc rd ekjs tkrs jgsaxs---18ehfM;k 'kks/&voLFkk---20Hkkjrh; Lora=krk ---22çk;ksftr i=kdkfjrk---25s mjk¡o yksd xhrksa esa---27 izlkn dh ,dkadh dyk---28 ukjh dFkkdkjksa esa Ñ".kk lkscrh---30 Hkkjr esa vkfFkZd ladV---32 HkkjrsUnq ds lkfgR; esa ukjh---35 i=kdkfjrk ds Qk;ns---36iku dh nqdku ij---38

Lokeh] izdk'kd] eqnzd ,oa laiknd v#.k d÷ekj >k }kjk tks'kh fizaVlZ ,.M ckb±MlZ] u;k Vksyh pkSd] 9031975537, 9471760495 jk¡ph&1 ls eqfær ,oa ts-,Q- 8@9] gjew vkoklh; dkWyksuh] jk¡ph- 834002] ls izdkf'kr ,oa laikfnr-

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Qksu % 0651-2240194

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laikndh; dk;kZyk; % ts-,Q- 8@9] gjew vkoklh; dkWyksuh] jk¡ph &834002 ISSN 2231-3079

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jktd¨ekj dHkh Hkh[k ugha ekaxrs

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Dlj vius vkjkè; ds lkeus mifLFkr gksrs gh ge Lo:i dks Hkwy tkrs gSaA tc ge izHkq ds izse esa viuh lq/&cq/ [kks nsa] rc rks vPNh ckr gSA ysfdu ,sls yksx fojys gksrs gSaA ,slh fLFkfr esa igq¡ps gq, lar bfrgkl&izflð gSa] vej gSA ehjk] pSrU; egkizHkq czt izns'k dh xksfidk,¡ vkfnA vke vkneh lkalkfjd fparkvksa esa bl rjg fyIr gS fd og ,slh fLFkfr esa igq¡p gh ugha ikrkA ge ijes'oj ds izfr vius isze ds dkj.k ugha vfirq lkalkfjd oklukvksa] ,"kukvksa esa lafyIrrk ds dkj.k vius&vki dks Hkwy tkrs gSaA lp dgsa rks foLe`fr ds f'kdkj gks tkrs gSaA vthc fLFkfr gS] ftUgsa lnSo ;kn j[kuk gS] mUgsa dHkh ;kn rd ugha j[k ikrsA vc ;kn gh ugha gS fd eSa mEehn dSls djsa fd ijes'oj gekjh ek¡xs iwjh dj nsaxsA fcuk ifjp; dk] fcuk xkjaVj dk dksbZ cSad vkidks dtZ ns ldrk gS\ vkSj ge gSa fd dtZ ugha eq¶r ek¡xus ds fy, jkst&c&jkst izHkq ds njckj esa igq¡p jgs gSaA izHkq! eq>s lqUnj iRuh nks] vkKkdkjh iq=k nks] pkj ifg;k okgu nks] c¡xyk nks] izkséfr nksA lwph cM+h yECkh gks tk;sxhA ge viuh ik=krk dk fopkj fd, cxSj b'oj dks lwph Fkek nsrs gSaA cM+h gL;kLin fLFkfr gSA tc bfPNr oLrq,¡ ugah feyrh gS] rks ge dgrs gSa fd Hkxoku us esjs lkFk vPNk ugha fd;kA dkeuk iwjh 3

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yyu prqosZnh ijes'oj ds lkeus [kM+s gksrs gh ;g ckr eu esa vk tkuh pkfg, fd eSa rqEgkjk iq=k g¡wA vkSj ,d firk iq=k ds fy, dSlh O;oLFkk djrk gS] ;g lc tkurs gSaA firk dh lEifÙk esa iq=k dk LokHkkfod gd gksrk gSA ,d firk vius iq=k ds fodkl ds fy, loZrksHkkosu lefiZr gksrk gSA iq=k ds dgus dh vko';drk ugha gksrh fd esjs Ldwy Mªsl QV x;s gSa] bUgsa [kjhn nhft,A ugha gqbZ rks Øks/ ds f'kdkj gks x;sA xqLlk >kM+us yxs&Lotuksa ij] O;oLFkk ij vkSj vius ns'k ij HkhA bl ns'k esa ,sls gh gksrk gSA ge bl ns'k dks csgrj cukus ds ctk; bldh lkS f'kdk;rsa djrs gSaA ;g lc ge blfy, djr gSa fd gesa Lo;a dh igpku ugha gSA bl ns'k dh feêh dh igpku ugha gS vkSj ijes'oj dks igpku rks cgqr nwj dh ckr gSA gekjs ikl Lo;a dks] lekt dks ;k bl ns'k dks fodflr djus dk dksbZ ,tsaMk ugha gSA gekjh lkjh Hkkx&nkSM+ mu phtksa ij dkfct gksus ds fy, gS] ftuds ge okLrfod gdnkj ugha cu ik;s gSaA ;g eSa ugha dg ldrk fd ge gdnkj ugha gSa] cfYd gdnkj (ik=k) cuus ds fy, ge ISSN 2231-3079

dksbZ Bksl lkFkZd iz;kl ugha djrsA HkkSfrdrk dh vk¡/h esa gekjh ln~Hkkouk,¡ mM+ tkrh gSA ;gh dkj.k gS fd izHkq ds lkeus mifLFkr gksdj Hkh vuxZy izyki djrs gSaA ijes'oj ds lkeus [kM+s gksrs gh ;g ckr eu esa vk tkuh pkfg, fd eSa rqEgkjk iq=k g¡wA vkSj ,d firk iq=k ds fy, dSlh O;oLFkk djrk gS] ;g lc tkurs gSaA firk dh lEifÙk esa iq=k dk LokHkkfod gd gksrk gSA ,d firk vius iq=k ds fodkl ds fy, loZrksHkkosu lefiZr gksrk gSA iq=k ds dgus dh vko';drk ugha gksrh fd esjs Ldwy Mªsl QV x;s gSa] bUgsa [kjhn nhft,A iq=k dks ;g crykus dh t:jr ugha gksrh fd ek¡! eSa Hkw[kk gø¡A ek¡ iq=k ds txus ds 3

fparu/kjk

ÑpîQ>nmV igys uk'rs dh O;oLFkk djrh gSA nksigj dk Hkkstu yap&ckWDl esa Mkyrh gSA Ldøy ls ykSVrs gh [kkuk yxkrh gSA tc ,d lalkjh ek¡&firk viuh larku dk bruk [;ky j[krs gSa] rks ijefirk dh utjksa ls vki dSls vks>y gks ldrs gSaA vkidh t:jrksa dh vuns[kh og dSls dj ldrk gSA eq>s g¡lh vkrh gS ,sls yksxksa dks ns[kdj] tks lqcg&'kke eafnjksa esa ekFkk Vsdrs izHkq ds le{k viuh ek¡xksa dh yEch QsgfjLr izLrqr djrs jgrs gSaA gksuk rks ;g pkfg, Fkk fd lqcg firk th ls vk'khokZn ysdj fnu Hkj viuk drZO; ikyu dj 'kke dks viuh fjiksVZ is'k djrs fd izHkq vkt eSaus veqd&veqd fu/kZfjr dk;Z fd;sA vxj ,sls djrs rks firk vius drZO;ijk;.k iq=k dks ns[kdj Qøys ugha lekrs vkSj firk ds njckj esa vki viuk okLrfod

ikfjJfed ds lkFk d÷N vueksy migkj ysdj Hkh ykSVrsA ysfdu ge gSa fd lqcg&'kke gkFk QSyk;s ogk¡ igq¡p tkrs gSaA vjs HkkbZ! ge dksbZ fujhg&v'kDr] vikfgt fHk[kkjh rks ugha gSaA ge jktd÷ekj gSaA jktd÷ekj vxj fHk{kkVu djs rks og fHk[kkjh tks lpeqp esa v'kDr gS] D;k djsxk\ eSa jktd÷ekj bl fy, dg jgk gw¡ ge ijes'oj ds iq=k gSa] tks bl iwjs fo'o dk vf/ifr gSA tc rd ge ijes'oj ds bu Lo:i dks ugha igpkusaxs] nj&nj HkVdrs jgsaxs] >ksyh QSykrs jgsaxs fHk[keaxs dh rjgA blfy, vkReksé;u ds fy, vko';d gS fd ge ;kpuk dk ekxZ NksM+ nsaA /hjs&/hjs lkjh lEink gesa Lor% fey tk;sxhA bl foosd dks tkxzr djus ds fy, iwjh fouezrk ls gesa izkFkZuk djuh gksxh& ^gs izHkq! vkuannkrk Kku gedks nhft,A** ;g Kku tc gesa izkIr

js[kk JhokLro ,d lfØ; CykWx ysf[kdk gSaA feyulkj] O;ogkj d÷'ky gSaA js[kk th gj fo/kvksa eas cM+h gh lgtrk ls fy[krh jgh gSaA 7 tqykbZ 2012 dks budk 57ok¡ tUe fnu gSA ge n`f"Vikr ifjokj dh vksj ls <sj lkjh 'kqHkdkeukvksa ds lkFk gkfnZd c/kbZ nsrs gSaA budh d÷N gkbZdø vkids fy, izLrqr gSA eaftysa fn[kh vkx dk nfj;k gS vk ikj djsaA ¹¹¹¹ ns'k ds usrk cjlkrh esa<d cjkcj gSa ¹¹¹¹ lQsn dqrkZ jktuSfrd os'k dkyk vrhr ¹¹¹¹ ;qok psgjs dldj idM+ks ckxh cuk nks ¹¹¹¹

ns'k dk ea=k vfrfFk nsoks Hko vkradh -cuks ¹¹¹¹ Qkalh mUgsa nks tks csxqukg gSa os vfrfFk gSa ¹¹¹¹ vk'kk dh T;ksfr tks eu esa tyh gS tyrh jgs ¹¹¹¹ gok ds >ksads Fkd ds gkj x, v[kaM ykS ls

gks tk,xk] rc nq[k&nSU; dh lhekvksa ls ge eqDr gks tk;saxsA gesa fo}ku ugha] cfYd Kkuoku cuus dh t:jr gSA vkt ls Ms<+ lkS o"kZ iwoZ dfooj jkeujs'k f=kikBh us ;g izkFkZuk fy[kh FkhA Ldøyksa esa cPPks bls xkrs gSaA bldh vFkZxHkZrk dks le>us dh t:jr gSA tc gesa fdlh ls dksbZ f'kdk;r ugha jgsxhA Kku ds vHkko esa ge HkVdrs gSaA ge vius&vki dks igpku ugha dj ikrs gSaA ftl fnu Lo;a igpku tk;saxs] ml fnu ls ;kpuk NksM+ nsaxsA fdlh ls d÷N ugha ek¡xsaxsA ijes'oj ls Hkh Kku ds flok d÷N ugha ek¡xsaxsA tjk lksfp,] jktd÷ekj dHkh fdlh ds lkeus gkFk QSykrk gS D;k\ laidZ&

dsUæh; rlj vuql/ku ,oa izf'k{k.k laLFkku] uxM+h] jk¡ph& 835303 

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js[kk JhokLro vkWuj dgk¡ fdfyax rks tweZ gS [kks;k Hkh gS ¹¹¹¹ lksp gekjh dHkh cnysxh Hkh csVh&csVs dh OwbmB©-2012

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ukjh dFkkdkjksa esa Ï".kk lkscrh dh igpku lq/k d÷ekjh

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Unh dFkk lkfgR; dk vkjaHk HkkjrsUnq gfj'pUæ ds lkfgR; esa vkxeu ls izkjEHk gksrk gS] fdUrq bl {ks=k es efgykvksa dk izos'k bl dky esa u gksdj f}osnh ;qx esa vkjaHk gqvkA f}osnh ;qx ds izkjafHkd dky esa loZizFke cax efgyk us lkfgR; dh vksj dne c<+k;k] blds mijkar efgyk jpukdkjksa us u flQZ fgUnh lkfgR; dh xfjek dks c<+k;k] cfYd viuh jpukvksa ds ekè;e ls lkfgR; es fur u;s dhfÙkZeku LFkkfir fd,A Lora=krk izkfIr ds mijkar ukjh tkxj.k ds tks uohu lanHkZ lkeus vk,] mlesa efgyk dFkkdkjksa dks iwjs vkRe fo'okl ds lkFk mHkkjkA L=kh dh nqfu;k dks rFkk L=kh ,oa iq#"k ds vkilh laca/ksa dks ukjh us ukjh ds n`f"Vdks.k ls mtkxj fd;kA budh dgkfu;ksa esa ckjhfd;ksa ds lkFk ukjh thou ds fofHké igyw ns[kus dks feyrs gSa] tks fd iq#"k jpukdkjksa esa ux.; ek=k dks ns[kk tk ldrk gSA ledkyhu dgkuh dh nqfu;k esa efgyk dFkkdkjksa dh mis{kk ugha dh tk ldrh gS] cfYd mudh ekStwnxh ds fu'kku fgUnh dFkk txr esa Hkjs iM+s gSaA m"kk fiz;aonk] Ñ".kk lkscrh] jkth lsB] e`nqyk xxZ] lw;Zckyk] eerk dkfy;k] 'kf'k izHkk 'kkL=kh] fp=kk eqnxy] eéw HkaMkjh vkfn ,sls uke gSa] ftUgksaus bl fo/k dks fu%lansg le`ð fd;k gSA fgUnh lkfgR; ds ledkyhu dFkkdkjksa esa Ñ".kk lkscrh vius fo'ks"k O;fDrRo ,oa mRÑ"V jpukvksa ds tfj, ,d fof'k"V igpku j[krh gSA f'kYixr uohurk ds vykok mudh gj jpuk esa fo|eku fofHkérk Hkh vkjaHk ls ysdj var rd lân; ikBdksa dks vkdf"kZr djrh gSA ;g rks ekuh gqbZ

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ckr gS fd jpuk esa jpukdkj dk futh O;fDrRo vkSj mldh lafpr vuqHkwfr dh xgjh Nki vo'; jgrh gSA Ñ".kk lkscrh dk O;fDrRo muds jpukvksa ds leku gh vlk/kj.k gSA lkfgR; laca/h muds fopkj rFkk thou ds izfr mudk n`f"Vdks.k u flQZ vlk/kj.k gS] cfYd mUgsa vius ledkyhuksa ls vyx ,d cksYM igpku fnykrk gSA Ñ".kk lkscrh dk tUe 19 Qjojh 1925 esa iatkc esa gqvk FkkA budk tUe LFkku xqtjkr rFkk iatkc ds chp >sye rFkk pukc ufn;ksa ds chp dk bykdk Fkk] tks ns'k foHkktu ds ckn ikfdLrku dk fgLlk cu x;k FkkA muds firk QkSt esa dke djrs Fks] ftlds dkj.k budh f'k{kk f'keyk] fnYyh rFkk ykgkSj tSls 'kgjksa esa gbZ FkhA Ñ".kk lkscrh dk ifjokj dk Ñf"k ls rFkk iatkc ls tqM+ko gksus ds dkj.k xk¡o rFkk ogk¡ dh ftUnxh budh jpukvksa dk izeq[k fgLlk cu xbZA Ñ".kk lkscrh Hkkjr foHkktu ds le; ykgkSj ds QrsgpUn dkWyst esa i<+kbZ djrh FkhA foHkktu ds i'pkr~ i<+kbZ NksM+dj os ykgkSj ls fnYyh pyh vkb±] ogha ns'k foHkktu dh =kklnh muds vusd jpukvksa dk fgLlk cuhA bUgksaus fljksgh ds egkjktk rstflag dh xosZls ds dke 1950 rd fd;kA blds mijkar ,d o"kZ rd fnYyh ds vkehZ Ldøy esa vè;kfidk dk dk;Z fd;kA 1952 ls 1980 rd fnYyh iz'kklu esa izkS<+ f'k{kk dk;ZØe ls tqM+h jghA blds mijkar os Hkksiky ds fujkyk l`tu ihB dh vkoklh; ysf[kdk jghaA Hkkjr foHkktu ij cuh Vhoh ISSN 2231-3079

/kjkokfgd ^cqfu;kn* dh ijke'kZnk=kh dk Hkh dke fd;kA d÷N fnuksa rd f'keyk ds ^bafM;u baLV~;wV vkWQ ,Mokal LVMht* esa ljdkj }kjk fu;qDr lnL;k Hkh os jghaA Ñ".kk lkscrh fgUnh dFkk txr esa ,d cksYM ysf[kdk ds :i esa tkuh tkrh gSaA bUgksaus lkfgR; dh yxHkx lHkh fo/ kvksa esa ljkguh; dk;Z fd;k gS] ijUrq miU;kl ysf[kdk ds :i esa pfpZr jghA muds }kjk jfpr miU;kl ^Mkj ls fcNqM+h*] ^fe=kksa ejtkuh*] ^lwjteq[kh va/sjs ds*] ftUnxhukek rFkk le; ljxe gSaA bUgksaus miU;kl ds vykok d÷N dfork,¡ rFkk dgkfu;ksa dh Hkh jpuk dh gSA mudh izFke dgkuh laxzg ^cknyksa ds ?ksjs esa* izdkf'kr gqbZ FkhA 1991 esa mudh cgqpfpZr dgkuh ^,s yM+dh* izdkf'kr gqbZ FkhA lkfgR; txr ds tkus ekus 17 flrkjksa ds fo"k; esa laLej.kkRed 'kSyh esa ^ge&g'ker* dk nks Hkkxksa esa izdk'ku gqvk] tks fgUnh lkfgR; txr esa ,d vf}rh; iz;ksx FkkA Ñ".kk lkscrh dh jpuk,¡ tgk¡ ledkyhu ?kVukvksa dks C;ku djrs gq, fn[kkbZ iM+rh gSa] ogha 5

'kks/ vkys[k

ÑpîQ>nmV Hkh dgrk gS ;g miU;klA xq#nkl rFkk /uoarh ds rhu csVs rFkk cgqvksa ls Hkjk&iwjk ifjokj gSA ftlesa cM+s csVs cuokjh dh iRuh lqgxoarh vkn'kZ] cgw ds :i esa fpf=kr dh xbZ gS] rks NksVk csVk xqytkjh yky dh iRuh Q÷yoarh csgn LokFkhZ vkSj ?keaMh vkSjr gSA bl miU;kl dk laiw.kZ dFkkud chp okys csVs cuokjh yky dh iRuh lqfe=kkoarh vFkok fe=kksa ds bnZ&fxnZ ?kwerh gSA fe=kksa dh okpkyrk rFkk mldh 'kkjhfjd bPNk,¡ mls u flQZ vke ukjh ls vyx n'kkZrh gS] cfYd mldk thus dk ygktk Hkh ,d yM+dh dh dgkuh dgrk gS] tks fd ckY;koLFkk esa fdlh vtuch dh dkyh djrwrksa dk f'kdkj gks tkrh gSA mlds laiw.kZ thou ij ml ?kVuk dh dkyh Nk;k bl izdkj iM+rh gS fd og vusd izdkj ds ekufld O;kf/;ksa dk f'kdkj gks tkrh gSA Ñ".kk lksscrh dh vf/dka'k jpuk,¡ ukjh iz/ku gSaA izR;sd jpuk esa mUgksaus pqukSrhiw.kZ fo"k; dks gh fy;kA ^fe=kksa ejtkuh* esa ukjh dh dkesP Nkk dks LokHkkfod ekudj ukf;dk fe=kks ds pfj=kk dk vadu fd;k gSA ^lwjteq[kh va/sjs ds* esa cykRdkj ls ihfM+r jfr ds thou dh tfVy leL;kvksa dks mdsjk gSA ^fnyksa&nkfu'k esa iq#"k ds naHk ds uhps vius vfLrRo dh LFkkiuk djus okyh ukjh gSA ^le; ] ljxe* esa

o`ðkoLFkk esa igq¡ph ds fo"k; esa bUnq of'k"B us fy[kk gS& ^Ñ".kk lkscrh us ukjh i{k/ jrk dh ckr dks l'kDr <ax ls lkekftd vkfFkZd vkSj euksoSKkfud Lrj ij dh gSA* muds L=kh ik=k ifjfLFkfr;ksa ds eè; fodflr gksrs gSaA dVq vkSj tfVy fLFkfr;ksa ls ukjh xqtjrh gS] ysfdu ysf[kdk us mu ukjh ik=kksa dks ghu xazfFk;ksa dk f'kdkj gksrs gq, u fn[kkdj mUgsa tq>k: vkRelEekuh cuk;k gSA2 O;fDrRo dh rkdr vkSj izkS<+rk mudh ukjh ik=kksa dh igpku gSA (fe=kksa ejtkuh) dh fe=kksa] jÙkh (lwjteq[kh va/sjs esa) vEeq (,s yM+dh)] vkRe (,s le;&ljxe) vkfn l'kDr ukjh ik=k mudh fof'k"V ys[ku dyk dh igpku gSA Ñ".kk lkscrh us vius ukjh ik=kksa ds ekè;e ls ukjh laca/h lHkh fdrkch Kku dks Bqdjkrs gq,] uohu ifjHkk"kkvksa dks dyecð fd;kA bUgksaus ukjh ds ml Lo:i dks fpf=kr fd;k gS] tks detksj gS] ijUrq tq>us dk lkgl j[krh gS lkFk gh og ifjfLFkfr;ksa dh xqyke ugha gksrh] cfYd mu ifjfLFkfr;ksa dks vius vuq:i cukus dk lkgl j[krh gSA lanHkZ ladsr& 1- Mkj ls fcNqM+h] i`0 112- ^leh{kk* vDVwcj&fnlEcj 1991] i`0 32'kks/Nk=kk] fgUnh foHkkx jk¡ph fo'ofo|ky;] jk¡ph- 

rFkk muds leLr vf/dkj o Lora=krk dks Nhudj x`gLFkh dks gh mudh leLr fØ;kvkas :i esa ns[kk tkus yxkA lkearh vkSj iwathoknh o vk'kkvksa dk ,dek=k dsUæ cuk fn;k lekt us /hjs&/hjs igys rks ukjh ds opZLo x;kA dks [kRe fd;k] ckn esa og muds fy, HkkjrsUnq dks vius ns'k esa ukfj;ksa dh ,slh fLFkfr cu;k x;k fd /hjs&/hjs iw.kZr% ghuoLFkk dks ns[kdj {kksHk gksrk FkkA os iq#"k fuHkZj gksrh x;hA muds fodkl ds fy, jpukRed Lrj ij czkã.kksa us fgUnw /eZ dh j{kk] jDr gh ugha] lkekftd Lrj ij Hkh ;Ru'khy dh 'kqðrk rFkk fL=k;ksa ds lrhRo dks cuk;s FksA mUgksaus ns'k dks crykus dh ps"Vk dh j[kus ds fy, fL=k;ksa ds laca/ esa fu;eksa dks fd ukjh dksey gh ugha] cfYd vkstLoh vkSj Hkh dBksj cuk fn;kA ukjh f'k{kk Hkh gSA oSfnd lkfgR; bl rF; dh iqf"V izk;% lekIr gks xbZA inkZ izFkk dks vkSj Hkh djrk gSA ea=kl`"Vk ukfj;k¡ Hkh gqbZ gSA Ìx~osn izksRlkgu feykA rFkk yM+fd;ksa ds fookg dk iPphlok¡ lw=k ^lw;kZ* ukjh dk gSA dh mez ?kVkdj pkj lky rd Hkh gks xbZA enkylk] Hkkjrh vkSj eS=ks;h tSlh ukfj;k¡ csesy fookg dh la[;k c<+hA fo/ok fookg oSfnd lkfgR; ds l`tu esa viuk ;ksxnku iw.kZ :i ls can gks x;k rFkk lrh izFkk nsdj vej gqbZ gaSA pje lhek ij igq¡p xbZA fL=k;ksadks tUe ls ukjh tkx:drk vkSj ukjh eqfDr ds e`R;q rd iq#"k ds v/hu dj fn;k x;kA vkan ks y u es a czã lekt] vk;Z lekt]

fFk;kslksfQdy lkslkbZVh] izkFkZuk lekt] jkeÑ".k fe'ku vkfn laLFkkvksa dk izeq[k ;ksxnku FkkA fgUnh lkfgR; esa HkkjrsUnq e.My ds jpukdkjksa us Hkh cky&fookg] lrh izFkk tSlh d÷jhfr;ksa dks nwj djus vkSj fo/ ok fookg] ukjh f'k{kk dk izlkj djus ds fy, vius ukVdksa] fuca/ksa vkfn dks ekè;e cuk;kA ^uhynsoh*] ^lrhizrki* vkfn jpukvksa esa ukjh ds nq[k dk fp=k.k fd;k x;k gSA fL=k;ksa ds fgr dks jk"Vªh; fgr ls tksM+k x;kA ;gh HkkjrsUnq dh ekSfyd ukjh Hkkouk gSA lanHkZ ladsr& 1- HkkjrsUnq jpuk lap;u& fxjh'k jLrksxh& i`0 la0 21] lkfgR; ,dknsehA &'kks/izK] fgUnh foHkkx jk¡ph fo'ofo|ky;] jk¡ph 

mUgksaus mu ?kVukvksa dks js[kkafdr fd;k gS] tks cgqr ekewyh ;k lk/kj.k izrhr gksrh gSaA Ñ".kk lkscrh us viuh jpukvksa ds ekè;e ls lekt ds ml oxZ dks js[kkafdr fd;k gS] ftl ij lkfgR; txr dh utj ugha iM+h FkhA budk izFke miU;kl ^Mkj ls fcNqM+h* ,d ,slh ;qorh ^ik'kks* dh dgkuh dgrk gS] ftldh ek¡ ,d NksVh lh cPph dks NksM+dj ,d v/sM+ mez ds O;fDr ds lkFk Hkkx xbZ FkhA ek¡ ds bl d÷deZ dk dyad thou Hkj ik'kks dks Hkksxuk Fkk& ^^mldh ukuh dgrh gS] bl eq¡g ml cnuke Ukw] fcfV;k] mldh djuh rqEgsa Hkjuh FkhA rsjs nksuksa ekew mls fdruk ekurs Fks] ;s yksd tgku tkurk gS] ij og uk'k gksuh Fkh] rs ?kj Hkj dk eq¡g dkyk dj xbZA**1 Ñ".kk lkscrh ds miU;kl tgk¡ ,d vksj thou ds folaxfr;ksa dks mtkxj djrs gSa] ogha ukjh eu ds ml rg dh [kkst djrs utj vkrs gaS] tgk¡ o"kk± ls va/sjs dk lkezkT; FkkA 1967 esa izdkf'kr ^fe=kks ejtkuh* Ñ"k.kk lkscrh dh lokZf/d pfpZr ,oa vkykspdksa ds fy, Hkh ,d ubZ fo"k;&oLrq ds :i eas [;kfr izkIr miU;kl gSA iatkc ds xzkeh.k ifjos'k ds ,d la;qDr ifjokj esa ?kfVr gksus okys I;kj&nqykj] >xM+s&Qlkn] lq[k&nq[k vkfn dk ;FkkFkZ fp=k.k ds lkFk ,d csgn izHkko'kyh ijUrq lekt esa gs; n`f"V ls ns[ks tkus okyh ukjh dh dgkuh

i`"B 7 dk 'ks"k Hkkx

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OwbmB©-2012

'kks/ vkys[k

ÑpîQ>nmV

HkkjrsUnq ds lkfgR; esa ukjh Hkkouk mek d÷ekjh

Hk

kjrsUnq dky esa ns'k dh lkekftd fLFkfr VqdM+s&VqdM+s gksrh gqbZ v/ksxfr dks izkIr gksrh pyh tk jgh FkhA ikjLifjd esy&feyki vkSj laxBu ds njokts cUn gksrs tk jgs FksA /kfeZd vkSj lkekftd :f<+;ksa cgqr gh tfVy vkSj Hk;adj :i /kj.k dj pqdh FkhaA ekuo&thou dks iru dh vksj tkus ls jksdus okys izfrca/ tks fdlh le; esa ekuo&dY;k.k ds fy, yxk, x,s Fks] bl le; rd vkrs&tkrs lekt ds iru ds dkj.k cu pqds FksA HkkjrsUnq dky esa jktuhfrd vkSj lkekftd n`f"Vdks.k ls ns'k esa ,d u;s ;qx dk vkxeu gks jgk gSA eqlyekuh jktlÙkk fNé&fHké gksdj lekIr gks pqdh FkhA fgUnw fj;klrksa tSlh gh n'kk eqlyekuh fj;klrksa dh Hkh cu xbZ FkhA ns'k dh lkoZHkkSfed jktuhfr lÙkk bZLV&bafM;k daiuh ds gkFkksa esa vk xbZ FkhA u vc eqlyekuh lkezkT; dk gh LoIu 'ks"k jg x;k Fkk vkSj u fgUnw jkT; dk ghA vaxzsth lkekT; vius iwjs rkus&ckus ds lkFk iwjs Hkkjr Hkwfe ij Nk x;k FkkA lekt esa fL=k;ksa dh n'kk cgqr gh n;uh; gks pqdh FkhA eè;dky ds fujad÷'k 'kklu vkSj 'kkldksa dh d÷fRlr n`f"V ls viuh cgw&csfV;ksa dh bTtr cpkus ds fy, inkZ vkSj cky&fookg dh izFkk] lekt esa Hk;adj :i ls izpfyr gks x;h FkhA NksVh&NksVh ckfydkvksa ds fookg djus dk tks lcls cM+k d÷ifj.kke fudyk] og OwbmB©-2012

;g Fkk fd ns'k esa fo/okvksa dh la[;k cgqr c<+ xbZ FkhA vaxzsth jkT; dh LFkkiuk vkSj ik'pkR; Kku&foKku ds izpkj&izlkj ds dkj.k ns'k esa ,d izdkj ds vk/qfud foosd vkSj vkRe lEeku dk Hkko tkxzr gks pqdk FkkA izkphu lkekftd :f<+;ksa vkSj d÷jhfr;ksa ds izfr fo{kksHk rFkk tkrh; ijk/hurk ds izfr foæksg dh izo`fÙk eq[kj gksus yxh FkhA HkkjrsUnq th vkSj muds lg;ksfx;ksa us blh ifjisz{; esa fgUnh&dkO; dks ubZ fn'kk vkSj xfr iznku dhA mUgksaus ns'k dh lkekftd nqn'kkZ rFkk ijk/hurk ds fo:ð vkokt mBkbZ vkSj vius ns'kokfl;ksa dks fons'kh 'kks"k.k rFkk vU;k; ls tw>us dk lans'k fn;kA lkfgR; ds {ks=k esa rks HkkjrsUnq us [;kfr vftZr dh gh] lekt esa Hkh os vR;ar yksdfiz; jgsA os dfo ukVddkj vkSj lEiknd gksus ds lkFk gh ,d lPps jk"Vªh; usrk vkSj lekt lq/kjd Hkh FksA mudk ^HkkjrsUnq* fo'ks"k.k mudh yksdfiz;rk dk lwpd gSA os lokHkko ls mnkj] ljy vkSj fouksnh FksA ^1874* esa HkkjrsUnq us fL=k;ksa ds izfr izxfr'khy n`f"V ls ^ckyk&cksf/uh* if=kdk fudkyhA ^tks ukjh lksbZ iq#"k ;keSa d÷N u foHkfDr ;g mldk mís'; okD; FkkA*1 HkkjrsUnq ;qx lkekftd lq/kjksa vkSj tutkxj.k dk ;qx FkkA HkkjrsUnq dh jpukvksa esa L=kh&f'k{kk] o.kZ&Hksn dk R;kx] vuesy fookg vkfn dk fu"ks/ feyrk gSA HkkjrsUnq turk ds dfo FksA mUgkssaus tks d÷N Hkh fy[kk gS] og tu&lekt ds fy, gSA HkkjUrsUnq dh jpukvksa esa ukjh mRFkku ISSN 2231-3079

ij cy fn'k x;k gSA ukjh dk vk/qfud :i mldh iqjkurk dk] ijaijk dk gh fodflr ifjofðZr vkSj lalksf/r :i gSA oSfnd ;qx ls vkt rd Hkkjrh; lekt esa ukjh dk mRFkku lnSo ,d&lk ugha jgkA ifjofrZr ifjfLFkfr;ksa vkSj okrkoj.k ds vuqlkj mldh fLFkfr esa vusd ifjorZu gq, gSaA lkfgR; bl ckr dk lk{kh gS fd fofHké ifjfLFkfr;ks a es a og dHkh le>kSrkoknh cuh rks dHkh leiZ.k'khy] dHkh d÷a fBr rks dHkh foæksg h vkSj vkØks'kiw.kZA vkt dh ukjh ds Lo:i ds Li"Vhdj.k ds fy, mldh ijEijk&lqnwj vrhr dh xfreku ukjh ij ljljh n`f"V Mkyuk vizklafxd u gksxkA L=kh 'kCn vkSj fL=k;ksa ds vfLrRo dks ysdj lekt esa nks rjg dh /kj.kk,¡ izpfyr gS ,d Jðk ds :i esa vkSj nwljh oLrq ds :i esaA tgk¡ Hkh fL=k;ksa dk lanHkZ Jðk ls jgk gSA bl izdkj dh fL=k;ksa dk lh/k laca/ d÷yhu ?kjkuksa ls gksrk gS] tgk¡ os vius in vkSj izfr"Bk ds dkj.k lekt esa lEekutud LFkku izkIr djrh jgh gSA izkphu lekt esa fL=k;ksa dks ;g lEeku izkIr Fkk rFkk Hkkjrh; lekt esa oSfnd ;qx esa ukjh dks iq#"k ds lekukarj Jðk dh n`f"V ls ns[kk tkrk FkkA ysfdu tSls&tSls lH;rk dk fodkl gksrk x;k rFkk lekt esa ubZ lkekftd rFkk vkfFkZd O;oLFkk ykxw gksrh x;h] fL=k;ksa dk egRo Hkh cnyrk x;k Fkk ,d le; ,slk vk;k] tc yksxksa dh ekufldrk esa egRoiw.kZ ifjorZu vk;kA ogh ukjh tks vius lekt esa dHkh Jðk dh n`f"V ls ns[kh tkrh Fkh] mls oLrq ds

'ks"k i`"B 6 ij

7

vijk/

ÑpîQ>nmV

D;ksa ekjk x;k eqf[k;k\ uoy fd'kksj dqekj

th gk¡] ;g lp gSA j.kohj lsuk dk HkwriwoZ ljxuk czges'oj flag ÅQZ

czges'oj eqf[k;k dh gR;k dk dkj.k dqN vkSj ugha cfYd ipkl gtkj :i;k gSA eqf[k;k gR;kdk¡M ekeys esa ,d vge xokg nsos'k flag us U;kf;d naMkf/kdkjh uferk flag ds dksVZ esa /kjk&164 ds rgr c;ku ntZ djkrs gq, dgk fd ;ksxsaæ ikaMs; us okMZ ik"kZn ds pquko ds nkSjku muls crkSj jaxnkjh 50 gtkj #i;s dh ekax dh Fkh] ftldh f'kdk;r eqf[k;k ls dh x;h FkhA bl ij eqf[k;k us tn;w fo/k;d lquhy ikaMs; vkSj mlds HkkbZ funZyh; fo/ku ik"kZn gqykl ikaMs dks le>k;k Fkk] D;ksafd eqf[k;k jaxnkjh ekaxs tkus ds f[kykQ FksA ftlds fojks/ esa vijkf/;ksa us mls n[ky u nsus dh ckr dgh FkhA nsos'k us dgk fd ;g lc mldh ekStwnxh esa gqvk FkkA dksVZ esa bl ekeys esa eqf[k;k ds iksrs dqanu dk c;ku Hkh ntZ fd;k x;kA dqanu 8

us vius c;ku esa crk;k fd Ldøy lapkyd nsos'k th ls fçal ikaMs; o ;ksxsaæ ikaMs; us jaxnkjh ekaxh FkhA tc eqf[k;k us bl laca/ esa mu yksxksa ls ckrphr dh rks] mUgksaus dgk fd n[ky er nhft,A dqanu dk dguk gS fd ;ksxsaæ ikaMs;] fçal ikaMs;] vfuy ikaMs;] eksuw o lUuh us "kM~;a=k dj ?kVuk dks vatke fn;kA blesa vkSj yksx Hkh gks ldrs gSaA mUgksaus dgk fd fo/k;d lquhy ikaMs; Hkh gR;k esa 'kkfey gks ldrs gSa vkSj gqykl ikaMs; HkhA fjrs'k mQZ eksuw gqykl ikaMs; dk LØsi dk /ka/k ns[krk gSA og lquhy ikaMs; dk djhch Hkh gSA dqanu us ;g Hkh dgk fd eqf[k;k ls bu yksxksa dks dkQh Mj Fkk] D;ksafd og muds gj dke dks jksdrk FkkA blh ls eq>s yxrk gS fd bu yksxksa us mUgsa ejok fn;kA ogh bl ekeys esa lhchvkbZ tkap ij vHkh Hkh lhchvkbZ dk #[k Li"V ugha gqvk gSA dsaæh; dkfeZd o çf'k{k.k foHkkx

MhvksihVh us lhchvkb eq[;ky; dks i=k fy[k dj iwNk gS fd og bl dsl dh tkap dks rS;kj gS ;k ugha\ ,sls esa lhchvkb dh gk¡ ds ckn gh MhvksihVh }kjk tkap laca/h vf/lwpuk tkjh dh tk;sxhA bl iqjh çfØ;k esa lIrkg Hkj dk le; yx tkus dh mEehn trk;h tk jgh gSA crkrs pysa fd fcgkj ds vkne[kksj czges'oj eqf[k;k dh gR;k 1 twu 2012 dks ml le; vkjk ds dkfrjk eqgYys esa dj nh x;h Fkh] tc og lqcg lqcg ekfuaZx okd ds fy, fudyk FkkA cgjgky] iwjs ekeys esa iqfyl dh lafyIrrk Hkh lafnX/ gSA lafnX/ gksus dk çek.k ;g fd vkt rd iqfyl mu tknwbZ xksfy;ksa dks cjken ugha dj ldh gS] ftUgksaus canqd ls fudyus ds ckn eqf[k;k dh gR;kdj varèZ;ku gks xbZaA

uoy fd'kksj dqekj viukfcgkj ds laiknd ,oa fogkj izfrfuf/ n`f"Vikr gSa-½  OwbmB©-2012

'kks/ vkys[k

ÑpîQ>nmV

mjk¡o yksd xhrksa esa /kkfeZd thou fp=.k ds lkFk lkfgR;] laxhr] u`R; vkfn dykvksa dk ?kfu"B laca/ jgk gS vkSj tgk¡ rd yksdxhrksa dk iz'u gS] ;g ,d Lo;a flð gS fd muesa lnk ls yksd/eZ ls izsfjr vuq"Bku lekfgr gSaA buds yksd xhrksa esa /kfeZd vkLFkk,¡] nsoh&nsork dh iwtk] ozr] mikluk] mRlo ,oa iok±s vkfn ds o.kZu feyrs gSaA ;s yksx /eZ ij vVwV fo'okl j[krs gSa] blfy, /eZ ds izfr izkphu dky ls gh Hkkjr /eZ Hkkouk esa HkfDr&Hkko Hkh vVwV cuk, j[krs gSaA muesa fo'okl gS fd euq"; thou esa lgh ije iquhr {ks=k jgk gSA Hkkjrh; 'kkL=kksa vkSj / kfeZd xzaFkksa esa izfrikfnr /eZ ds vfrfjDr Hkh vkSj xyr] vPNk vkSj cqjk] U;k; vkSj vU;k; yksd esa lnk ls ,d i`Fkd /eZ dk vfLrRo iki vkSj iq.; vkfn bu lcksa dh ijh{kk / pyk vk jgk gS] ftls lkekU;r% yksd /eZ dh kfeZd /jkry ij gksrh gSA /eZ ds & ^/je&/je cvnj gjks] laKk nh tkrh gSA ns'k esa 'kkL=k lEer /eZ vkSj HkkbZ cfgu cxkjks iwtk&ikB] ozr] R;ksgkj] /kfeZd laLdkjksa vkfn /je uEgS ,dslu jvbZ gjks dh n`f"V ls ;gk¡ fgUnw /kfeZd rFkk 'kkL=kh; HkkbZ cfgu cxkjks iðfr dk vuqlj.k fd;k tkrk gS] fdUrq /je uEgS ,dslu jvbZ yksd esa vusd ,slh izkjafHkd /kfeZd izo`fr;k¡ iwjcs gw¡ ekyk] ifNesa gw¡ ekyk Hkh fo|eku jgh gSa] ftudk laca/ ;gk¡ ds ewy gjks HkkbZ cfgu cxkjks fuokfl;ksa ;kuh vkfnokfl;ksa ls jgk gSA ft;u lkspks; ft;k uqe jvbZ vkfne ekuo us thou dks viuh n`f"V gjks HkkbZ cfgu cxkjks&2 ls ns[kk vkSj viuh dYiuk ls vuqjaftr fd;k dk;u lkspks; dk;k uqe jvbZ gSA mldh n`f"V pkgs fdruh gh lhfer vkSj mÙkjs gw¡ ekyk] nf[kus gw¡ ekyk lad÷fpr D;ksa u jgh gksa] fdUrq mlus thou gjks HkkbZ cfgu cxkjks vkSj txr dks vius <ax ls le>us vkSj mlds ft;u lkspks; ft;k uqe jvbZ jgL;ksa dh O;k[;k djus dk iz;Ru fd;k gSA gjks HkkbZ cfgu cxkjks ml iz;Ru esa mldh Hkkouk vkSj fo'okl us dk;u lkspks; dk;k uqe jvbZA*2 egRoiw.kZ Hkwfedk vnk dh gSA oLrqr% Hkkouk mDr xhrksa eas HkDr iq#"k dg jgk gS fd vkSj fo'okl yksd&thou dh vfHkO;fDr ds /eZ & /eZ dgrs gSa] exj /eZ dgk¡ gSA gs Hkkb;ksa nks izeq[k rRo gS vkSj mUgha ds leUo; ls / 1 ,oa cguks a ;s (/eZ) Hkxoku dgk¡ ij gS] ;g eZ dk tUe gqvk gSA 1- fo'okl ds fy, rks gekjs ikl gh gSA gj tu esa d.k esa gSA / Hkkouk vkSj 2- Hkkouk ds fy, fo'okl dh izsj.kk vfuok;Z gSA fujs fo'okl /eZ dh {kerk eZ vkSj dgha ugha gSA iwjc fn'kk esa ugha gS vkSj u if'pe ugha izkIr dj ikrs& muds lkFk Hkkouk dh v.kqizsj.kk vko';d gksrh gS] tks HkfDr vkSj fn'kk esa gS] ;g rks eu esa lkspus ls eu es gh vuq"Bku dh fofo/ fØ;kvksa dks tUe nsrh gSA gS] gekjs 'kjhj esa gh gSA mÙkj fn'kk esa Hkh ugha gS vkSj nf{k.k blfy, yksd /eZ dk vk/kj ,d vksj fn'kk esa gS ;g rks tgk¡ ij vki lksprs gSa] ogha HkkoukRed fo'okl gS rks nwljh vksj mlls ij Hkxoku clrs gSaA blfy, /eZ ds uke ij izsfjr vuq"Bku] iwtk&ikB] ra=k&ea=k] tknw&Vksus xyh&xyh es a HkVduk O;FkZ gSA ds :i esa O;Dr gksus okyh fo'oklkRed /esZ'k (Hkxoku) dh fourh gh vkfn / Hkkouk,¡A Hkkouk vkSj fo'okl ds blh la;ksx ds dkj.k /kfeZd egRo j[krs gSa] ogha nwljh eZ dk ewy ea=k gSA tks O;fDr /esZ'k ds izkFkZuk vksj os lkfgfR;d vkSj dykRed egRo Hkh esa tks je tkrk gS] og Hkolkxj ikj dj tkrk j[krs gSaA ;gh dkj.k gS fd 'krkfCn;ksa ls /eZ gSA /esZ'k ds ckjs esa ftruk vf/d lksprs

foey pUæ Hkxr

OwbmB©-2012

ISSN 2231-3079

tk;saxs] mudh efgek] egkurk vkSj loZ 'kfDreku mruk gh xgjk gksrk tkrk gSA blfy, dchj th us dgk gS& ftu <wa<+k fru ikabZ;k¡] xgjh ikuh iSBA /esZ'k gh bl czãk.M dk fuekZ.kdÙkkZ vkSj l``tudÙkkZ gS] ftlds b'kkjs ij lkjk czãk.M gh m}sfyr gSA og gj le;] gj {k.k gj txg fojkteku gSA og d.k&d.k esa O;kIr gSA mldk u jax gS u :i gS vkSj u vkdkj u izdkj gSA mls fdlh Hkh txg dsfUær ugha fd;k tk ldrk gSA vr% ml fujkdkj czã ds ckjs esa dchj th dgrs gSa& eksdks dgk¡&dgk¡ <wa<+r gS] cUns] eSa rks rsjs ikl esa] u eSa eafnj esa u eSa efLtn] u ckck dSyk'k esaA3 izLrqr dfork ds vqulkj /esZ'k loZ=k fojkteku gSA mUgsa ikus ;k lk{kkRdkj djus ds fy, fdlh eafnj] efLtn] fxjtk?kj ;k dSyk'k ioZr ij tkus dh vko';drk ugha gSA os lnSo gekjs ikl gS] flQZ mls vuqHko djus dh t:jr gSA yksd esa ;g fo'okl gS fd ru&eu ls / esZ'k dks ;kn fd;k tk; rks mudh Ñik xq.k vksSj 'kfDr lnSo feyrk jgsxkA bl rjg / kfeZd thou dh >k¡fd;k¡ mjk¡o yksdxhrksa ds ekè;e ls ns[kk tk ldrk gSA bl izdkj /esZ 'k dks eukus ds dbZ fHké&fHké er vkSj rjhds gSa tSls& djek] lksgjkbZ] trjk] ek?ks] Qxqok] ljgqy] tsB trjk] cw<+h dje ,oa vU; ioZ&R;kSgkj ds ekè;e ls ns[kk tk ldrk gSA lanHkZ ladsr& 1- MkW0 xksfoUn pkrd& x<+okyh yksdxhr % ,d lkaL Ñfrd vè;;u] fnYyh] iz Fke laLdj.k] 2003] i`0&482- fHk[kjke Hkxr& jkth iM+gk dh vueksy dfM+;k¡& Hkkx&1] jk¡ph] i`"B&153- MkW0 gqd÷e pUn jktiky& fgUnh lkfgR; dk bfrgkl] fnYyh- 1997- i`0&127

O;k[;krk

d÷M+q[k Mqejh fMxzh egkfo|ky;] Mqejh] xqeyk

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9

foKku

ÑpîQ>nmV

---vkSj lkfcr gks x;k] bZ'oj dk vfLrRo ugha gS Lokeh th ckysUnq

fLo

V~tjySaM esa py jgs ç;ksx us ;s flð dj fn;k gS fd bZ'oj dk vfLrRo ugha gS] ijUrq /kkfeZd yksx dsoy blds uke ^xkWM ikfVZdy* dh otg ls gYyk epk jgs gSa fd foKku us bZ'oj ds vfLrRo dks çekf.kr dj fn;k gSA esjk bu /kfeZd yksxksa ls fouez fuosnu gS fd dqN dgus ds igys Ñi;k ckr dks le>k djsa vkSj FkksM+h [kkst Hkh dj ysa rks c<f;k jgsxkA dsoy Hkkjrh; lekpkj Vhoh pSuyksa dks ns[kdj viuh vo/kjuk u cuk;sa fd ^^Hkxoku fey x,** budks rks viuh U;wt cspuh gS oks rks ;s Hkh crk nsaxs fd] dkSu ls feys] eqjyh okys] /uq"k okys] ;k Økl okysA tks oSKkfudksa ;k Hkäksa dks ugha fn[krk oks budks vius LVwfM;ks esa cSBs&cSBs gh fn[k tkrk gSA vkb;s vc tjk blds uke

dh dgkuh Hkh tku yhft;sA vly esa bldk uke ^xkWM Mse ikfVZdy* Fkk] vkSj 83 o"khZ; oSKkfud ^ihVj fgXl* ,d ukfLrd O;fä gSaA vkSj oks [kq'k ugha Fks tc fd bldk miuke ^xkWM ikfVZdy* j[kk x;k D;ksafd oks lksprs gSa fd ;s uke 'kk;n /kfeZd yksxksa dks ukjkt dj nsxk] D;ksafd bl ç;ksx ds }kjk vly esa flð rks ;s gksuk Fkk fd bZ'oj dk vfLrRo ugha gS vkSj bl czãk.M dh mRifÙk ,d oSKkfud ?kVuk FkhA ;s ^xkWM ikfVZdy* uke rks vly esa ^fyvksu ysnjeu* dh iqLrd ^n xkWM ikfVZdy* ls fy;k x;k gSA ijUrq bl çflð iqLrd dk uke Hkh çdk'kd us j[kk gS] ewy :i ls ^fyvksu ysnjeu* us viuh iqLrd dk uke ^xkWM Mse ikfVZdy* j[kk FkkA Mse tks fd vaxzsth esa ,d xkyh gSA ;s bZ'oj dks udkjus ds fy, gS u fd Lohdkjus ds fy,A fu"d"kZ ;g gS fd ^xkWM Mse ikfVZdy* dks 'kkWVZ djds bldk uke ^xkWM ikfVZdy* j[k fn;k x;kA blls ,d Qk;nk

gqvk fd /kfeZd Hkh [kq'k vkSj ukfLrd Hkh [kq'k gSaA ^ihVj fgXl* ds ckjs esa ;s lc ckrsa ds ohfdihfM;k ist miyC/ gSA ijUrq cspkjs ^ihVj fgXl* dks irk ugha Fkk fd gekjs Hkkjr ds /kfeZd Hkä yksx blls dksbZ ukjkt ugha gksaxs] cfYd blh esa ls viuk euekuk vFkZ fudky ds lkfcr djus dk ç;kl djsaxs fd vc foKku us bZ'oj ds vfLrRo dks çekf.kr dj fn;k gS vkSj Vhoh pSuy okys rks iwjs fnu ;gh jkx xkrs jgsaxs fd ^Hkxoku fey x,] Hkxoku fey x;s* vkSj ;s Hkh crk,¡xs fd oks D;k igus Fks vkSj dSls fn[krs FksA [kSj ;s gekjk /feZd Hkkjr gS] tgk¡ i<+s&fy[ks yksx Hkh lR; vkSj vlfy;r dks Lohdkj ugha djuk pkgrs] cfYd foKku dks /eZ ds lkFk tcjnLrh tksM+ nsrs gSa] tks fd iwjh rjg voSKkfud gSA os rks /eZ vkSj bZ'oj dks foKku dh dlkSVh ij dlus dk vlQy ç;kl djrs gSaA 

D;k vki nk¡rksa dh chekjh ls ijs'kku gSa\ rks vkids fy, vk/kqfud rjhds ls fcuk rdyhQ ds bykt ds fy, ,d ek= fo'oluh; fDyuhd tgk¡ ij nk¡r jksx ls lacaf/kr gj izdkj dh chekjh dk bykt fd;k tkrk gSA

MkW0 izse dqekj iadt

lathouh MsUVy fDyuhd

igys

10

ckn esa

fceykuUn VkWoj] iq:fy;k jksM] jk¡ph laidZ % 09431174138 OwbmB©-2012

>kj[kaM

ÑpîQ>nmV

>kj[kaM esa f'k{kk&fodkl dh mYVh /kkjk iBu&ikBu fo'ofo|ky;ksa esa lqpk: :i ls gks ;k u gks fdUrq ih&,p-Mh- djkus dk dkj[kkuk Rofjr xfr ls [kqyk gSA vusd foHkkxkè;{k] ladk;kè;{k o f'k{kd bls /a/s esa vUrfyZIr jgrs gSaA miHkksxrkoknh ;qx esa ih&,p0Mh djkuk ,d [kkl d÷'ky O;olk; gks x;k gS] cgqr ls LukrdksÙkj foHkkxksa esa izks0 dkes'oj izlkn flag dk;Zjr LFkk;h f'k{kd d÷lhZrksM+ vkjke Qjekrs gSa vkSj mudh txg ;wthlh fjlpZ Qsyks leLr d{kk,¡ ysrs gSaA ,d izksQslj Lrj {kk fodkl dk izFke lksiku gSA ds f'k{kd dks izfrekg 1 yk[k ls vf/d osru feyrk gS] fdUrq dkSfVY; us Hkh viuh iqLrd ^vFkZ'kkL=k* esa foHkkxksa esa mudh Hkwfedk ux.; jgrh gSA ,d jktd÷ekj dks f'kf{kr gksus ij cy fn;k

f'k

gSA mlus fy[kk gS fd ftl izdkj ,d ?kqu yxh ydM+h 'kh?kz fou"V gks tkrh gS] Bhd mlh izdkj ,d f'kf{kr jktd÷ekj lEiw.kZ jktoa'k dks lekIr dj nsrk gSA dkSfVY; dh ckr ekus rks thou ds gj {ks=k esa f'k{kk dk egRo gSA >kj[kaM ds vfLrRo esa vk;s ,d n'kd ls vf/d dky O;rhr gks pqdk gS] fdUrq f'k{kk ds {ks=k esa ifj.kke fujk'kk tud gh gSA tgk¡ rd izkFkfed ls ysdj ekè;fed f'k{kk dk iz'u gS] 'kkldh; mnklhurk ds dkj.k bl {ks=k esa visf{kr izxfr ugha gqbZ gSA vkt Hkh izns'k esa vf/dka'k fo|ky; Hkoufoghu gSA Nk=k&Nk=kkvksa ds fy, ogk¡ f'k{kktZu dk lE;d~ okrkoj.k l`tu ugha fd;k x;k gSA fo|ky;ksa ls f'k{kdksa dk iyk;u fujarj tkjh gSA ljdkj us f'k{kdksa dh vkfFkZd lqfo/kvksa esa vko';d c<+ksÙkjh dh gS] fdUrq f'k{kdksa esa dÙkZO;ijk;.krk dk ikB vius fo|ky;ksa ls vuqi fLFkr jgdj vf/dka'k le; f'k{kk dk;kZy;ksa esa O;rhr djrs gSaA vkt Hkh >kj[kaM esa ijEijkxr <ax ls gh Nk=kksa dh i<+kbZ dh tkrh gSA iqLrdksa dk cks> vo'; c<+k gS] fdUrq de gh fo|ky;ksa esa ikB~;Øe iwjk gksrk gSA vkt oS'ohdj.k ds nkSj esa ;fn izkFkfed vkSj ekè;fed Lrj rd dh f'k{kk izfr;ksxh ugha gksrh rks Nk=k døieaMwd cudj jg tk;saxsA muds Kku dk f'kfrt lad÷fy; gks gksrk tk;sxkA Hkkjh la[;k esa f'k{kd Lo;a Hkh vius dks l{ke ugha cukrsA cgqrsjs f'k{kd vè;kiu ds lkFk&lkFk nwljs /a/ksa esa Hkh vUrfyZIr jgrs

OwbmB©-2012

gSaA ijh{kkvksa esa dnkpkj rks :dk gS] fdUrq ewY;kadu iðfr esa nks"k jgus ds dkj.k es/koh Nk=k visf{kr vad izkIr djus ls oafpr jg tkrs gSaA ewY;kadu ds le; iSjoh laLÑfr dk opZLo jgrk gSA d÷y feykdj izns'k esa izkFkfed ls ysdj ekè;fed Lrj rd dh f'k{kk pw¡&pw¡ dk eqjCok cudj jg x;h gSA foxr 12&13 o"kks± dh vof/ esa izns'k esa rduhdh laLFkkuksa ds fuekZ.k esa 'kkldh; mnklhurk Li"V >ydrh gSA vkt rd izns'k esa rduhdh fo'ofo|ky; dk fuekZ.k rd ugha gks ik;k gSA d÷N pqfuans futh laLFkkuksa dks NksM+dj dksbZ Hkh mRÑ"V ljdkjh laLFkku ugha gSA Qyr% izfro"kZ >kj[kaM ls gtkjksa izfrHkkvksa dk iyk;u gks jgk gSA d÷N futh laLFkkuksa ij ekfQ;k oxZ dkfct gS] tks futh LokFkZ ds fy, mudk lapkyu djrs gSaA ;g cM+s nqHkkZX; dh ckr gS fd jkT; cuus ds brus o"kks± ckn Hkh ljdkj us rduhdh f'k{kk ds izlkj esa dksbZ egRoiw.kZ dk;Z ugha fd;k gSA izns'k esa fo'ofo|ky; dh gkyr csgn [kkLrk gSA nks n'kd iwoZ rd izns'k esa ,d gh fo'ofo|ky; gqvk djrk Fkk] fdUrq vkt mldh la[;k c<+dj 5 gks xbZ gSA dsoy u;s&u;s fo'ofo|ky;ksa ds fuekZ.k ls gh mPp f'k{kk dk y{; izk Ir ugha gksxk] dsoy d÷yifr;ksa&izfrd÷ifr;ksa ,oa d÷N vf/dkfj;ksa dks fu;qDr dj ysus ls gh mPp f'k{kk dh xq.koÙkk ugha c<+sxhA vc Hkh izns'k ds dbZ uoksfnr fo'ofo|ky; vius Lora=k ifj"kn~ ISSN 2231-3079

ds fuekZ.k dh ckV tksg jgs gSaA fcuk fdlh vkSfpR; ds u;s&u;s fo'ofo|ky;ksa dk fuekZ.k xys ls uhps ugha mrjrkA blls d÷N Nks=kksa dks Hkys ykHk gqvk gS] fdUrq mPp f'k{kk ds Lrj es a fxjkoV gh vkbZ gS A iBu&ikBu fo'ofo|ky;ksa esa lqpk: :i ls gks ;k u gks fdUrq ih&,p-Mh- djkus dk dkj[kkuk Rofjr xfr ls [kqyk gSA vusd foHkkxkè;{k] ladk;kè;{k o f'k{kd bls /a/s esa vUrfyZIr jgrs gSaA miHkksxrkoknh ;qx esa ih&,p0Mh djkuk ,d [kkl d÷'ky O;olk; gks x;k gS] cgqr ls LukrdksÙkj foHkkxksa esa dk;Zjr LFkk;h f'k{kd d÷lhZrksM+ vkjke Qjekrs gSa vkSj mudh txg ;wthlh fjlpZ Qsyks leLr d{kk,¡ ysrs gSaA ,d izksQslj Lrj ds f'k{kd dks izfrekg 1 yk[k ls vf/d osru feyrk gS] fdUrq foHkkxksa esa mudh Hkwfedk ux.; jgrh gSA ljdkj dk mPp f'k{kk funs'kky; fo'ofo|ky;ksa esa gks jgs 'kSf{kd iru dks jksdus esa iw.kZr% v{ke fn[kkbZ iM+rk gSA >kj[kaM es aizkFkfed f'k{kk ysdj mPp f'k{kk ds {ks=k esa mYVh /kjk izokfgr gks jgh gSA ljdkj dh leLr fodkl ;kstuk,¡ f'k{kk ds fcuk csekuh gSA ;fn >kj[kaM ds 'kkldoxZ bu pqukSfr;ksa dk lkeuk djus es leFkZ ugha gksrk] rks fodkl dh vo/kj.kk ;gk¡ /wy&/ qlfjr gks tk;sxhA iwoZ vè;{k jktuhfr foKku foHkkx jk¡ph dkWyst] jk¡ph  11

i=kdkfjrk fo'ks"k

ÑpîQ>nmV

u

;h lnh esa ehfM;k ds {ks=k esa vkewy pwy ifjorZu utj vk jgk gSA tgk¡ ,d vksj u;h rduhd us gSaM dEiksftax dh txg cgqjaxh osc vkQlsV dks tUe fn;k gS] tgk¡ ysVj çsl ls ge Mh-Vh-ih- ds ;qx esa ços'k dj pqds gS] ogha nwljh vksj ehfM;k 'kks/ 'kS'kokoLFkk ls ckY;dky esa ços'k djus ds fy, rjl jgk gSA lkekftd foKku] fo'kqð foKku] fpfdRlk] vfHk;kaf=kdh lesr ,slh lHkh ladk;ksa esa 'kks/ dh tks fLFkfr gS] mudh rqyuk esa ehfM;k 'kks/ dh fLFkfr vkt rd n;uh; gSA vkt rks lks'ky usVofd±x] osc i=kdkfjrk dk nkSj gS rks tkfgj gS vkt i=kdkfjrk dks oSf'od iSekus esa ekik tkrk gSA ,sls esa bl Ns=k esa O;kid laHkkouk, gSa lkFk gh ehfM;k 'kks/ ds Ns=k esa O;kid fodkl dh vko';drk gS bl n;uh; n'kk dh çeq[k otg tkuus ds fy, gesa lkB ds n'kd esa tkuk gksxk] tc ehfM;k f'k{kk dh uho Mkyh x;h FkhA njvly ml le; bldh uhao gh cgqr detksj Mkyh x;h FkhA Hkkjr esa çdkf'kr ehfM;k 'kks/ if=kdkvksa esa vkt Hkh 'kks/kRed vkys[kksa dh ek=kk rqyukRed rkSj ij cgqr de gS] tcdh fopkj ç/ku vkys[kksa dh ç/kurk gSA Hkkjr esa cgqr de ,sls 'kks/ laLFkku gaS tks ,e-fQy;k ih-,p-Mh- Lrjh; 'kks/ ehfM;k ij djkrs gSaA vk/kjHkwr lqfo/kvksa ,oa 'kks/ dkS'ky ds vHkko esa] ehfM;k 'kks/ xq.koÙkk ds ekudks ij [kjk ugha mrj ikrh gSA bl rjg ds vf/ dk¡'k foHkkx egt [kkukiwfrZ ds ekè;e cudj jg x, gSaA 'kks/ dk;Z ,sls gksus pkfg, dh ;s okLrfod] O;kogkfjd ,oa fØ;kRed Lrj ij ehfM;k ds fy;s lgk;d flð gks ldsA ehfM;k 'kks/ ds {ks=k esa iqLrdksa dk Hkh vHkko gS] ftldh otg ls 'kks/kFkhZ lkekftd 'kks/ ;k foi.ku 'kks/ dh iqLrdksa ls gh viuk dke pykrs vk;s gS] tcfd lkekftd 'kks/ lekt ds fgr esa gksrk gSA foi.ku 'kks/ miHkksäk dsafær gksrk gS] ogh ehfM;k 'kks/ tulewg dsafær gksrk gSA vkt lapkj ØkfUr ds ;qx esa ehfM;k dk vFkZ vR;ar gh O;kid gksrk tk jgk gSA vr% ehfM;k 'kks/ dk vFkZ fçaV ehfM;k] lekpkj ,tsalh] foKkiu ,oa tula i dZ] js fM;ks] Vsyhfotu] baVjusV] lks'ky usVofd±x] lapkj dh ikjaifjd ç.kkfy;k¡ vkfn ls lEcaf/r rF;ksa rFkk ?kVukvksa ds lUnHkZ esa Kku çkIr djus ;k mudh tkap ifj{k.k ds fy, oSKkfud iðfr;ksa ls dh x;h O;ofLFkr [kkst gSA ehfM;k 'kks/ ds varxZr dbZ vk/kjHkwr 12

ehfM;k 'kks/k&voLFkk o vko';drk lquhy xqIrk tSlk lekt gksxk oSlh gh ehfM;k Hkh gksxhA vxj lekt esa cktkjokn dk cksyckyk gS rks ehfM;k esa Hkh cktkjokn dk cksyckyk gksxkA ehfM;k lekt dk niZ.k ,oa nhid nksuksa gSA ehfM;k dk fodkl lkekftd] vkfFkZd] jktuSfrd] lkaLÑfrd] ckSfðd ifjorZu ij fuHkZj gSA ehfM;k 'kks/ o lkekftd 'kks/ nksuksa dh fof/;k¡ ,oa ç.kkfy;k¡ ,d gh tSlh gSA nksuksa dk mís'; oLrqfu"Brk] rF;ijdrk ,oa larqyu gkfly djuk gksrk gSA okLro esa ehfM;k 'kks/ dh fof/;k¡ lekt'kkL=k] jktuhfr'kkL=k] vFkZ'kkL=k] euksfoKku vkfn ls m/kj yh x;h gSA ç'u mBrs gaS] tSls dh ehfM;k dh çÑfr D;k gS\ bles dkSu lh rduhd dk mi;ksx fd;k tkrk gS\ blds dk;Z ,oa lsokvksa dk fooj.k] bldh dher blds çHkko] fdu yksxkas rd bldh igq¡p gS] bleas fdl rjg lq/kj laHko gS\ bldk mi;ksx yksxksa ds }kjk fdl rjg fd;k tkrk gS\ bldk mi;ksx flQZ lwpuk ds fy, fd;k tkrk gS ;k fQj euksjatu ds fy, Hkh vkfn\ ehfM;k 'kks/] ehfM;k ds HkkSfrd] lkekftd ,oa euksoSKkfud çHkkoksa dk Hkh vè;;u djrk gSA okLro esa ehfM;k 'kks/ o lkekftd 'kks/ esa varj ls T;knk lekurk gSA nksuksa gh lekt ds vax gS vkSj nksuksa gh ,d flDds ds nks igyw gSA nksuksa ,d nwljs ds iwjd gS o ,d nwljs ij vkfJr Hkh gSA tSlk lekt gksxk oSlk gh ehfM;k Hkh gksxhA vxj lekt esa cktkjokn dk cksyckyk gS rks ehfM;k esa Hkh cktkjokn dk cksyckyk gksxkA ehfM;k lekt dk niZ.k ,oa nhid nksuksa gSA ehfM;k dk fodkl lkekftd] vkfFkZd] jktuSfrd] lkaLÑfrd] ckSfðd ifjorZu ij fuHkZj gSA ehfM;k 'kks/ o lkekftd 'kks/ nksuksa dh fof/;k¡ ,oa ç.kkfy;k¡ ,d gh tSlh gSA nksuksa

dk mís'; oLrqfu"Brk] rF;ijdrk ,oa larqyu gkfly djuk gksrk gSA okLro esa ehfM;k 'kks/ dh fof/;k¡ lekt'kkL=k] jktuhfr'kkL=k] vFkZ'kkL=k] euksfoKku vkfn ls m/kj yh x;h gSA lkekftd 'kks/ us ehfM;k 'kks/ dks tUe fn;k gS] tcfd ehfM;k 'kks/ us lkekftd 'kks/ dks u;k Lo#i] u;k vk;ke çnku fd;k gSA fdUrq lkekftd 'kks/ tgk¡ 'kks/ laLFkkuksa ls fudydj laxBuks] Lo;alsoh laLFkkvksa] m|ksxksa rd ig¡qp pqdh gS] ogha ehfM;k 'kks/ flQZ çf'k{k.k laLFkkuksa rd gh lhfer gS] lkekftd 'kks/ çk;% ekSfyd gksrs gaS] ogha ehfM;k 'kks/ vf/kdka'kr% O;kogkfjd ,oa fØ;kRed gksrs gSaA ehfM;k 'kks/ us foKkiu 'kks/ dks tUe fn;k vkSj foKkiu 'kks/ us foi.ku 'kks/ dksA foi.ku 'kks/ esa rqyukRed :i ls u;h rduhd dk vkxeu gksus ds dkj.k vf/d O;ofLFkr o larqfyr gqvkA foi.ku 'kks/ çca/u] O;kikj dh N=kNk;k esa Qyus Qwyus ds dkj.k de le; esa viuk dk;Z {ks=k o nk;jk dkQh O;kid dj pqdk gS] tcdh ehfM;k 'kks/ esa

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i=kdkfjrk fo'ks"k ;g deh jg x;h gSA ehfM;k ds 'kks/ {ks=k dks lkekU;r% pkj oxksaZ esa foHkä fd;k tk ldrk gSA ekSfyd 'kks/] ftles u, flðkarksa dh [kkst] iwoZ fu/kZfjr fu;eksa dh tkap rFkk uohu vuqla/ku ç.kkfy;ksa [kkst lfEefyr dh tk ldrh gSA ehfM;k 'kks/ ds fy, Kku dh çkfIr] u, flðkarksa dk çfriknu] iqjkus flðkarksa esa la'kks/u] ifjektZu o ifjo/Zu dks viuk y{; ekuuk gS mls ekSfyd 'kks/ dgrs gSA nwljk O;kogkfjd 'kks/] ftles lkekftd jktuhfrd] vkfFkZd ] lkaLÑfrd] O;kolkf;d vFkok thou ds fofHkUu igyqvks ls lEcaf/r leL;kvksa dk lek/ku <wa<k tkrk gSA oSls ekSfyd 'kks/ ds vk/kj ij gh O;kogkfjd 'kks/ fd;k tkrk gSA O;kogkfjd 'kks/ ds QyLo:i gh ,slh midYiuk,¡ çkIr gksrh gS] tks ekSfyd 'kks/ ds fy, çsfjr djrh gSA rhljk fØ;kRed 'kks/ tks ,d çdkj ds O;kogkfjd 'kks/ ls dkQh feyrk tqyrk gS] D;ksfd bles Hkh O;kogkfjd 'kks/ks dh rjg mUgha fo"k;ks ;k igyqvks ij 'kks/ fd;k tkrk gS] ij bl fu"d"kZ dk mís'; Hkkoh ;kstuk ls lEcaf/r gksrk gS] bles 'kks/ ds fu"d"kZ dks fØ;kRed :i fn;k tkrk gSA dbZ ehfM;k

ÑpîQ>nmV lewg fdlh vfHk;ku ds igys Lo;a gh 'kks/ djrs gS] lek/ku <w ¡<rs gS vkS j Lo;a gh fØ;kfUor djrs gS ;gh fØ;kRed 'kks/ gSA ehfM;k 'kks/ ds egRo ds fo"k; esa tkuus ls iwoZ blds fofHké pj.kksa dks dqN le>k tk,A ehfM;k 'kks/ ds çFke pj.k ds varxZr ;g le>k tkrk gS dh ehfM;k D;k gSA f}rh; pj.k esa ehfM;k ds mi;ksx o mi;ksxdrkZ ds lEcU/ esa tkudkjh çkIr dh tkrh gSA r`rh; pj.k esa ehfM;k ds çHkko dk irk yxk;k tkrk gSA prqFkZ pj.k esa ehfM;k dks fodflr djus gsrq rjhds fodflr fd;s tkrs gSA bu pkjksa pj.kksa dk lEcU/ ik¡pos pj.k ls gksrk gS ftlds varxZr ;g ekywe fd;k tkrk gS dh ehfM;k dSls /kuktZu dj ldrk gS vius ewyHkwr flðkarksa ds lkFk mís';ksa dh iwfrZ djrs gq,A vc vkrs gS Hkkjr tSls ns'kks esa ehfM;k 'kks/ ds egRo ij] bldk çFke mís'; gS vKkurk mUewyu] u, fopkjksa dk fodkl] ekuo efLr"d esa l`tukRedrk] jpukRedrk] fuekZ.k dh 'kfä tkx`r djus esa ehfM;k dh eq[; Hkwfedk gSA va/fo'okl ls eqfä esa Hkh bldk egRo gSA ;g vkfFkZd] lkekftd] jktuhfrd] lkaLÑfrd leL;kvksa vkfn ds vè;;u o funku dk jkLrk lq>kus esa Hkh

:i ls dg nks dh ns[ks nwljk ?kj ] eSa xjhcks dh tokuh gw¡] eq>s QqlZr ugha gSA cpius esa eqf'dyksa dh xksn esa iyrh jgh eSa /qa, dh pknj yisVs] gj ?kM+h tyrh jgh eSa T;ksfr dh nqYgu fcBk,] tfUnxh dh ikydh esa lkal dh ixMafM;ksa ij jkr&fnu pyrh jgh eSa os [kjhns LoIu] ftudh vk¡[k ij lksuk p<+k gks eSa vkHkkoksa dh dgkuh gw¡] eq>s QqlZr ughau gSA ekurh gw¡ eSa] fd eSa Hkh vkneh dk eu fy, gw¡ nsg dh nhokj ij] rLohj lk ;kSou fy, gw¡ Hkw[k dh Tokyk cq>kÅ] ;k jpkÅ¡ jkl yhyk vkneh gw¡] nsorkvksa ls dfBu thou fy, gw¡ frrfy;ksa] iwjk peu gS] I;kj dk O;kikj dj yks eSa leiZ.k dh nhokuh gw¡] eq>s QqlZr ugha gSA th jgha gw¡ D;ksafd eSa fuekZ.k dh igyh dM+h gw¡ vkneh dh çxfr cudj] gj eqlhcr ls yM+h gw¡ eSa le; ds i`"B ij Je dh dgkuh fy[k jgh gw¡ uhan dh efnjk u fNM+dks] eSa ijh{kk dh ?kM+h gw¡ gks ftUgsa vodk'k] [ksys :i jaxksa ds f[kykSus eSa ilhus dh jokuh gw¡] eq>s QqlZr ugha gSA OwbmB©-2012

lgk;d gSA lkFk gh ;g jk"Vªh; ,drk esa Hkh viuh vge Hkwfedk vnk djrk gSA ehfM;k 'kks/ dh orZeku fLFkfr fodflr ns'kks esa rks ljkguh; dgh tk ldrh gS] fdUrq Hkkjr tSls ns'kks esa bldh gkyr csgn n;uh; gSA vkt ehfM;k dks LFkk;h 'kks/ dh furkar vko';drk gSA tgk¡ ,d vksj çkÑfrd Lo#i esa rsth ls ifjorZu vk jgk gS] ogh nwljh vksj ehfM;k dfeZ;ksa ] miHkksäkvksa dh lksp] vo/kj.kk esa Hkh vçR;kf'kr ifjorZu vk jgk gSA ,sls esa fd;k x;k 'kks/ LFkk;h ugha jg tkrk vkSj Hkkoh ih<+h ds fy, lgk;d flð ugha gks ikrk gS vr% 'kks/ esa fujarjrk dh furkar vko';drk gksrh gSA bl NksVs ls ys[k esa bl egRoiw.kZ fo"k; ij iwjh ppkZ djuk 'kk;n laHko ugha gksxk ij blds eq[; fcUnqvks ij çdk'k Mkyus dk ;g ,d ç;kl gSA rkfd bl egRoiw.kZ eqís dh vksj ehfM;kdfeZ;ks dk / ;ku [khpk tk lds o çcqðtu 'kks/ tSls egRoiw.kZ fo"k; dh Hkh fpark djsA blls ehfM;k dk Hkh Hkyk gks lkFk gh lekt Hkh lkekftd ifjos'k ds vuqdwy ehfM;k ds Lo#i ls :c: gks ftldk Qk;nk lekt ds fodkl esa gj ekspsZ ij gksA



nsohizlkn 'kqDy ^jkgh* th dfork

tfUnxh vkf[kj dc rd lc dh ewjr x<+sxh ?kqVu ftruh gh vf/d gks] vkap mruh gh c<s+xh vk¡f/;ksa dks Hkh cqykuk nnZ okys tkurs gSa :f<+;ksa dh jk[k dc rd] vk¡p ds lj ij p<+sxh 'kkSd gks ftudks ft;sa ifpZ;ksa dh vksV ys dj eSa mtkys dh fu'kkuh gw¡] eq>s Q÷lZr ugha gSA

nsohçlkn 'kqDy ^jkgh* ISSN 2231-3079

13

i=kdkfjrk fo'ks"k

ÑpîQ>nmV

ehfM;k ls xk;c efgyk,¡ iwf.kZek mjkao

Tkks

yksx Vhoh pSuyksa ds tfj;s lwpuk,¡ ysus ds vknrh gksaxs mUgsa ;g LokHkkfod Hkze gks ldrk gS fd ehfM;k esa efgyk,¡ T;knk gSaA Vhoh pSuyksa ij fnu&jkr efgyk ,adj lt/ t dj [kcjsa i<+rh fn[krh gSaA ehfM;k ds blh XySej ds pDdj esa <sj lkjh yM+fd;k¡ ehfM;k dh i<+kbZ dh rjQ f[kaph pyh vkrh gSaA ysfdu D;k okLro esa Vhoh ds tfj;s fn[kus okyh ehfM;k dh ;g gdhdr lgh gS\ bldk vanktk yxk ikuk eqf'dy gSA ,d losZ ds tfj;s geus ;gh ns[kus dh dksf'k'k dh fd D;k okLro esa ehfM;k esa efgykvksa dk izfrfuf/ Ro muds vuqikr esa lgh gS\ bl losZ ds tks urhts vk, oks csgn 'keZukd gSaA Lkaln esa efgykvksa dh Hkkxhnkjh o cjkcjh ds vf/dkj dks ysdj vxj lcls T;knk fdlh us fpark tkfgj djus okys ehfM;k laLFkkuksa ls efgyk,¡ yxHkx xk;c gSaA tks gSa mUgsa mu lHkh lqfo/kvksa vkSj ykHkksa ls oafpr j[kk tk jgk gS] tks ,d iq#"k i=kdkj dks feyrh gSaA elyu dh fofHkUu Lrjksa ij i=kdkjksa dks ekU;rk nh tkrh gS ml lwph esa efgyk,¡ yxHkx ux.; gSaA lcls vge ckr ;g fd ns'k ds lHkh cM+s ehfM;k laLFkkuksa esa fLFkfr vkSj Hkh [kjkc gSA ehfM;k LVMht xzqi dh rjQ ls fd, x, bl losZ ds eqrkfcd ehfM;k esa efgykvksa dk ns'kO;kih vkSlr çfrfuf/Ro flQZ 2-7 çfr'kr gSA geus bl losZ esa 28 çns'kksa vkSj dsaæ 'kkflr jkT;ksa ds 255 ftyksa ls feyh 14]278 ekU;rk çkIr i=kdkjksa dh lwpukvksa dks 'kkfey fd;k gSA vkadM+s crkrs gSa fd 6 jkT; vkSj 2 dsanz 'kflr çns'k ,sls gSa] tgk¡ ftyk Lrj ij ekU;rk izkIr efgyk i=kdkjksa dk vkSlr 'kwU; gSA bu jkT;ksa esa 14

vle] >kj[kaM] ukxkySaM] v#.kkpy çns'k] vksM+hlk vkSj ef.kiqj 'kkfey gSA dsaæ 'kkflr çns'kksa esa iqMqpsjh vkSj neu ,oa nho 'kkfey gSaA bu çns'kksa ls çkIr lwpuk ds vuqlkj ftyk Lrj ij ;gk¡ dksbZ ekU;rk çkIr efgyk i=kdkj ugha gSA losZ ds vuqlkj vka/zizns'k ,slk jkT; gS] tgk¡ ftyk Lrj ij ekU;rk izkIr efgyk i=kdkjksa vkSj lai kndksa dh la[;k 107 gS tks fd lcls vf/d gSA gkykafd tc bls iq#"k i=kdkjksa ds eqdkcys ns[krs gSa rks ;gk¡ Hkh dsoy 1-38 izfr'kr efgyk i=kdkj gh gSaA ftyk Lrj ij lokZf/d efgyk ekU;rk çkIr laoknnkrkvksa o laikndksa okys jkT; esa mÙkj iwoZ ds flfDde vkSj es?kky; jkT; gSA mÙkj&iwoZ ds flDde vkSj es?kky; esa 16-66 izfr'kr gSA ogha fcgkj esa ekU;rk çkIr efgyk laoknnkrkvksa o laikndksa dk izfr'kr 9-56 gS vkSj NÙkhlx<+ esa 9-38 çfr'kr gSaA pkSadkus okyh ckr ;g gS fd ns’kHkj esa flQZ nks efgyk i=kdkjksa dks Lora=k i=kdkj Freelancer ds rkSj ij ekU;rk gSA blesa ls ,d Lora=k QksVksxzkQj gSaA ehfM;k LVMht xqzi us o"kZ 2006 esa i=kdkjksa dh lkekftd i`"BHkwfe dk Hkh vè;;u fd;k Fkk] tks ;g mtkxkj djrk gS fd fu.kZ; ysus okys 'kh"kZ inksa ij efgykvksa dk izfr'kr flQZ 17 gSA ftlesa vaxzsth dk bysDVªk Wfud ehfM;k csgrj utj vkrk gSA ;gk¡ 32 izfr'kr efgyk,a 'kh"kZ inksa ij dk;e gSaA ehfM;k LVMht+ xqzi dk ;g losZ fnYyh fLFkr 37 jk"Vªh; ehfM;k laLFkkuksa esa fu.kZ; ysus okys 315 egRoiw.kZ inksa dks nk;js esa j[krs gq, fd;k x;k FkkA ;gk¡ ij ;g xkSj djus okyh ckr gS fd vaxzsth i=kdkfjrk djus okyh vf/drj efgyk,¡ laHkzkar ifjokjksa dh gksrh gSA mudh lkekftd i`"BHkwfe FkksM+h etcwr gksrh gS ftlls oks vius fy, txg cukus esa Hkh l{ke gks ikrh gSaA ysfdu {ks=kh; ;k Hkk"kkbZ ehfM;k laLFkkuksa esa dke djus okyh efgykvksa

dks vius fy, txg cukus ds fy, mudh rqyuk esa dgha T;knk ijs'kkfu;ksa dk lkeuk djuk gksrk gSA losZ ls ;s Hkh irk pyrk gS fd tks v[kckj vius vki dks ns'k dk 'kh"kZ v[kckj dgrs gSa] muesa efgykvksa dk izfrfuf/Ro yxHkx xk;c gSA ogk¡ tks dqN efgyk i=kdkj dke djrh Hkh gSa rks mUgsa ekU;rk tSlh lqfo/ kvksa ls oafpr gh j[kk tkrk gSA losZ esa irk pyk dh 'kh"kZ nl jk"Vªh; nSfud v[kckj nSfud tkxj.k] nSfud HkkLdj] fganqLrku] ey;kye euksjek] n VkbEl vkWQ bafM;k] jktLFkku if=kdk vkSj ekr`Hkwfe esa dsoy ,d&,d efgyk i=kdkj dks gh ekU;rk feyh gSA vej mtkyk] vkSj rfey Msyh Fkkarh esa ,d Hkh efgyk i=kdkj dks ekU;rk ugha feyh gSA ejkBh ds yksder v[kckj esa rhu efgyk i=kdkjksa dks ekU;rk feyh gSA lcls csgrj fLFkfr vkdk'kok.kh vkSj nwjn'kZu ds efgyk i=kdkjksa dh gS] ftUgsa 6 ftyksa esa ekU;rk feyh gqbZ gSA nwljs izsl vk;ksx 1980 dh fjiksVZ eas ;g fpark tkfgj dh x;h Fkh fd i=kdkfjrk ds ikB~;dze esa dbZ efgyk,¡ vk jgh gS ysfdu ftl rknkn esa ;s efgyk,¡ vk jgh gS mlh rknkn ls ;s efgyk,¡ ehfM;k laLFkkuksa esa de gksrh tk jgh gSaA efgyk,¡ i=kdkfjrk ds {ks=k esa vkus ds ctk, foKkiu vkSj tu laidZ ds {ks=kksa esa tkuk T;knk ilan djrh gSaA bu efgykvksa dks i=kdkfjrk ds {ks=k esa vkdf"kZr djus ds fy, fo'ks"k lqfo/k,¡ eqgS;k djkuh gksaxhaA tSls dke djus dk vjkenk;d o lqjf{kr ekgkSy vkSj nsj jkr rd dke djus ds fy, okguksa dh lqfo/k miyC/ djkuk gksxkA izsl vk;ksx dh fjiksVZ esa ;g fpark 80 ds n'kd esa t+kfgj dh x;h Fkh] ysfdu vkt Hkh fLFkfr dekscs'k ogh gSA ehfM;k laLFkkuksa dks efgykvksa dh fgLlsnkjh c<+kus ds fy, dkjxj dne mBkus gksaxs vU;Fkk ehfM;k dk tks pfj=k ns'k ds lkeus gS mls fc[kjrs nsj ugha yxsxhA 

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>kj[kaM lekpkj

ÑpîQ>nmV

dksMjek dh vc cnysxh rdnhj &jkts'k 'kekZ

mik;qDr jkts'k 'kekZ

Hk

fou; feJ

kjrh; iz'kklfud lsok ds vf/ dkjh jkts'k dqekj 'kekZ dksMjek ds 13 osa mik;qDr ds :i esa inHkkj xzg.k fd;k gSA b l l s iw o Z Jh 'k e k Z ik d ÷ M+ ] ljk;dsyk&[kjlkok¡ o [kq¡Vh esa mik;qDr ds in ij inLFkkfir jg pqds gSaA Jh 'kekZ rst rjkZj o dÙkZO; fu"B vf/dkjh ds :i esa igpkus tkrs gSaA Jh 'kekZ dksMjek esa mik;qDr ds inHkkj xzg.k djus ls iwoZ fuca/d] lg;ksx lfefr;k¡ o Ñf"k foHkkx ds funs'kd in ij inLFkkfir jgsA 2003 cSp ds vkbZ0,0,l0 Jh 'kekZ us dksMjek ds mik;qDr ds inHkkj ysus ds ckn n`f"Vikr ds dk;Zdkjh laiknd fou; d÷ekj feJ dks crk;k fd ljdkj izk;ksftr tufgr o dY;k.kdkjh ;kstukvksa dks izkFkfedrk ds vk/kj ij fØ;kfUor djuk mudh izkFkfedrk gksxh A ftys esa voS/ :i ls py jgs [kuu o Ø'kj ,d izeq[k eqík gSA bl eqís dks xaHkhjrk ls ysuk gksxk blds OwbmB©-2012

fy, lcls igys bl eqís ls lacaf/r tkudkjh tqVkus ds ckn gh bldk fujkdj.k djuk fd;k tk;sxkA rFkk nks"kh vkSj xyr yksxksa ds izfr mfpr dkjZokbZ dh tk;sxh A mik;qDr Jh 'kekZ mik;qDr ds inHkkj laHkkyus ds ckn loZizFke lnj vLirky dk fujh{k.k fd;k rFkk ewyHkwr lqfo/kvksa dh miyC/rk ij cy fn;kA igys ls tks vHkko Fks ml ij fpUrk O;Dr dh A mUgksus lacaf/r vf/dkfj;ksa dks Li"V funsZ'k fn;k gS fd LokLF; lsok dks csgrj rjhds ls jksfx;ksa ds chp miyC/bZ djkbZ tk;s blesa fdlh izdkj dh fkfFkyrk cnkZLr ugha dh tk;sxhA lkFk gh ;g funsZ'k fn;k fd rFkk vLirky ifjlj esa O;kid :i ls izdk'k dh O;oLFkk gsrq vko';d midj.k yxkbZ yk;sA Jh 'kekZ us vc rd bl vksj è;ku ugha nsus okys vf/dkfj;ksa ls xaHkhjrk iwoZd tokc ryc fd;kA buoVZj ugha yxk;s tkus ds izdj.k dks Hkh xEHkhjrk ls fy;k rFkk lnj vLirky ifjlj esa uo fufeZr ,0,u0,e0 izf'k{k.k dsUnz o flfoy dk;kZy; Hkou ds lkFk &lkFk 100 'kS;~;k okys vLirky Hkou dks vc rd gS.Mvksoj ugha fd;s tkus ds ekeys dks xaHkhjr ls fy;k gSA blds vykok Jh 'kekZ ftyk vUrxZr fofHkUu iz[k.Mks dk ifjHkze.k dj ISSN 2231-3079

fodkl o dY;k.kdkjh dk;ksZ dk tk;tk Hkh ys jgs gSaA mik;qDr Loa; dbZ xk¡oks esa fodkl dk;ZØe ds ykHkqdksa o lacaf/r yksxksa ls tkudkjh ysdj fodkl dh tckcnsgh fdruh iwjh dh tk jgh gS blls :c: gks jgs gSa A rsrfj;kMhg esa fdlkuks ds }kjk lapkfyr dspqvk [kkn mRiknu dsUnz dk fujh{k.k dj t:jh tkudkjh ls mUgsa voxr djk;kA xzkeh.kksa ds }kjk ttZj lM+d dh leL;k dh tkudkjh nsus ij mik;qDr Jh 'kekZ us bl fn'kk esa vko';d dkjZokbZ djus dh ckr dgh] D;ksafd Mksepkap iz[k.M ds Qqyofj;k iapk;r esa lM+d bruh ttZj o cngky Fkh fd mik;qDr dks Loa; nks&rhu fdyksehVj rd iSny py dj xzkeh.kksa ls feyuk iM+kA xzkeh.k Hkh mik;qDr ds bl igy ls dkQh iz'kéfpr gaS] D;ksafd mik;qDr Loa; muls feyus] mudh leL;k tkuus mu rd igq¡ps gSaA fofnr gks fd Jh 'kekZ tgk¡ Hkh mik;qDr in ij inLFkkfir gq, ml ftyk dks fodkl ls tksM+us dk gj laHko o iw.kZ iz;kl fd;k gSA blh dk ;g ifj.kke gS fd Jh 'kekZ tgk¡ Hkh inLFkkfir jgsa mUgsa yksdfiz; mik;qDr ds :i esa tkus tkrs jgsA buds dk;Z djus ds rjhds vkSjksa ls vyx vkSj yksddY;k.kdkjh gksrs gSaA  15

i=kdkfjrk fo'ks"k

ÑpîQ>nmV

çk;ksftr i=dkfjrk dh pqukSfr;k¡ yfyr lqjtu

çk

;ksftr i=kdkfjrk dsoy pquko ds le; ugha gksrh cfYd bls O;kid lanHkksaZ esa ns[kk tkuk pkfg,A ehfM;k esa Hkz"Vkpkj dh [kcjsa vc ,d vlfy;r gSaA i=kdkjksa vkSj laikndksa dks yqHkkus ds fy, D;k ugha fd;k tkrkA i=kdkjksa dh [kjhn&Qjks[r dh rLohj is'k djus okyk ;s ys[k ,d nLrkost Hkh gSA gekjs i=kdkj lkFkh Lo- çHkk"k tks'kh o ih0 lkb±ukFk us vkt ls yxHkx Ms<+ o"kZ iwoZ pqukoh [kcjksa ds lanHkZ esa çk;ksftr i=kdkfjrk dk loky mBk;k FkkA bl ij tks cgl fNM+h og vc rd pyh vk jgh gSA blesa ;g flð gqvk fd pqukoksa ds le; jktuhfrd ny ,oa mEehnokj ^xqIrnku* dj ehfM;k esa vius vuqdwy lkexzh çdkf'kr djok ysrs gSaA bls ysdj Hkkjrh; çsl ifj"kn ,oa pquko vk;ksx esa Hkh xaHkhj ppkZ,¡ gqb± rFkk bl ço`fÙk ij vadq'k yxkus ds mik; lksps x,A pquko vk;ksx us rks çk;ksftr i=kdkfjrk ij fuxkg j[kus ds fy, ftyk fuokZpu vf/dkfj;ksa dks Hkh funsZ'k tkjh fd, gSaA ftruh Hkh ppkZ,¡ gqb±] muls ;g ckr lkeus vkbZ fd ^xqIrnku* ysus dh ijaijk fgUnh i=kdkfjrk esa T;knk çpfyr gSA ;|fi vaxzsth o vU; Hkk"kkbZ ehfM;k blls iwjh rjg eqä ugha gSA eSaus bl fo"k; dk fo'ys"k.k d÷N vyx gVdj djrs gq, 14 tuojh dks ^ehfM;k dh uSfrdrk* dkWye fy[kk FkkA mlds ckn jk;iqj ds i=kdkfjrk fo'ofo|ky; esa blh fo"k; ij vk;ksftr lsfeukj esa çeq[k oäO; nsrs gq, eSaus dqN vkSj fcanq mBk, FksA esjk ekuuk gS fd çk;ksftr i=kdkfjrk flQZ pquko ds le; ugha gksrh vkSj blfy, ppkZ dks ogha rd lhfer u j[kdj fo"k; dks O;kid lanHkksaZ esa ns[kk tkuk pkfg,A vHkh

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vkcknh dks nks gh Jsf.k;ksa esa ckaVdj ns[krk gS &mRiknd vkSj miHkksäk vFkok foØsrk vkSj xzkgdA ftlds ikl Ø;'kfä ugha gS mldk budh utjksa esa dksbZ vfLrRo gh ugha gSA esjk vuqeku gS fd ,sls lEié yksxksa dh la[;k ns'k dh vkcknh ds chl çfr'kr ds vklikl gksxhA ,d le; bl oxZ dk vkn'kZ g"kZn esgrk Fkk] rks vkt mldh txg lÙkkbl eafty dk egy cukus okyk eqds'k vackuh gSA usrk] vQlj] O;kikjh vkSj vijkf/;ksa dh bl pkSdM+h us ehfM;k dks Hkh vius esa 'kkfey dj fy;k gSA blds çek.k vk, fnu lkeus vkrs jgrs gSaA orZeku çdj.k mldh ,d rktk dM+h gSA ehfM;k esa Hkz"Vkpkj dks ysdj tks [kcjsa vk jgh gSa] muls bldh iqf"V gksrh gSA blh ukrs eSa fo"k; dks fQj ls mBkuk pkgrk gw¡A ;g lgh gS fd pqukoksa ds le; ikfVZ;ksa vkSj mEehnokjksa }kjk ehfM;k dh ;Fkk;ksX; lsok dh tkrh gSA blesa ehfM;k ds ekfyd gh ugha] nwjnjkt ds dLcksa rd cSBs gq, iw.kZdkfyd ;k va'kdkfyd i=dkj Hkh ykHk ikrs gSaA dbZ ckj rks mEehnokjksa dks ;g T;knk fdQk;rh vkSj O;ogkfjd ekywe gksrk gS fd pquko {ks=k fo'ks"k ds i=kdkjksa dh lsok dj nh tk, ftlds cy ij vktdy ds pyu ds vuqlkj ftyk laLdj.k esa mUgsa ;Fkksfpr dojst fey tk,] vkSj Åij laiknd ;k Lokeh dh lsok u djuk iM+sA ;g rLohj dk ,d NksVk lk fgLlk gSA tks prqj jktusrk gSa] os le;&le; ij migkj nsdj ehfM;k ds lkFk fujarj vPNs laca/ cukdj pyrs gSa vkSj le; vkus ij laca/ksa dks Hkquk ysrs gSaA bls nh?kZdkyhu iwath fuos'k dgk tk ldrk gSA ysfdu flQZ usrk gh ,slk ugha djrsA m|ksxifr] O;kikjh] lektlsod Hkh bl rjg ls laca/ fodflr djus dh rkd esa ges'kk jgrs gSaA ehfM;k Hkh de prqj ugha gSA Qøyksa dh çn'kZuh gks ;k ckck dk çopu ;k /kkfeZd tqywl ;k Ldwy dk okf"kZdksRlo ehfM;k esa mUgha dks LFkku feyrk gS] tks vius ctV esa i=kdkjksa ds fy, çko/ku j[kdj pyrs gSaA dbZ ckj laLFkk,¡ vius dk;ZØeksa esa

laikndksa dks eq[; vfrfFk ;k vè;{k cukdj cqykrh gSa rkfd ehfM;k esa mudk uke Ni ldsA bl rjg ,d Qwyekyk] ,d xqynLrk vkSj ,dk/ lLrs ls Le`frfpÐ esa dke fudy tkrk gSA jk;iqj esa usrk in ds ,d vfHkyk"kh tks ,d f'k{k.k laLFkk ls tqM+s Fks] o"kks± nhokyh ij eq>ls feyus vkrs jgsA os tSls gh uxj fuxe dk pquko thrs mUgksaus vkuk can dj fn;kA blh rjg ehfM;k dks lk/us dk ,d cM+k mik; foKkiu gSA ,d le; v[kckjksa ds nhikoyh fo'ks"kkadksa esa LFkkuh; NksVs&eksVs O;kikfj;ksa ds foKkiu fu;fer Nirs FksA mu fnuksa v[kckjksa dh la[;k de Fkh o foKkiu nsus ds ihNs ^vius* v[kckj dks leFkZu nsus dh funksZ"k Hkkouk FkhA b/j jk"Vªh; o cgqjk"Vªh; dkjiksjsV ?kjkus foKkiuksa ds ekè;e ls ehfM;k dks lk/ jgs gSaA ,sls çlaxksa dh deh ugha gS tc dkj[kkus esa nq? kZVuk gksus] gM+rky gksu s ;k vk;dj dh pksjh idM+s tkus dh [kcj Nius ij foKkiu can dj fn, x,A geus tc jk;iqj esa x.kra=k fnol dh ijsM esa ,d fons'kh lhesaV daiuh dh >kadh 'kkfey djus dh vkykspuk dh rks ml daiuh us ^ns'kcU/q ^dks foKkiu nsuk can dj fn;kA ehfM;k ij ,slk ncko ljdkj dh rjQ ls Hkh vkrk gSA ;g lÙkk dk fof'k"V xq.k gS fd mls vkykspuk dcwy ugha gksrhA lÙkk/h'k /hjs&/hjs dj pkVqdkjksa ls f?kj tkrs gSa vkSj mUgsa fu"i{k] fuHkhZd jk; nsus okys fQj ugha lqgkrsA ,sls esa tks [kq'kken

OwbmB©-2012

i=kdkfjrk fo'ks"k djrs gSa vFkok eqagns[kh fy[krs gSa] mUgsa u flQZ Hkjiwj foKkiu feyrs gSa] cfYd vkSj Hkh cgqr ls mik;ksa ls eku c['kk tkrk gSA eSaus bu fLFkfr;ksa dk utnhd ls vuqHko fd;k gSA bl ukrs eSa dg ldrk gw¡ fd pqukoksa ds le; çk;ksftr i=kdkfjrk dh ckr djuk fo"k; dks cgqr gh ,dkaxh vkSj ladh.kZ :i esa ns[kuk gSA vHkh gky esa 2&th LiSDVªe ?kksVkys ds flyflys esa dqN ,d tkus&ekus i=kdkjksa dks ysdj tks lansg mHkjs gSa] muls esjs dFku dks cy feyrk gSA ;g LokHkkfod gS fd lÙkk esa cSBs yksxksa vkSj i=kdkjksa ds chp laca/ cusaA ;g Hkh laHko gS fd dksbZ i=kdkj fdlh ea=kh ;k usrk dk fo'oLr lykgdkj gksA ysfdu ;g rHkh tk;t gksxk tc usrk fo'ks"k ds lkFk laca/ flQZ mlds lÙkk esa jgus rd lhfer u gksA eè;çns'k vkSj NÙkhlx<+ ds vuqHko ds vk/kj ij eSa dg ldrk gw¡ fd ,slk ugha gSA nwljs 'kCnksa esa vusd i=kdkj lÙkk vkSj iwath ds fcpkSfy, cudj dke dj jgs gSaA ;g tks u;k ifjn`'; gSA blds ihNs eq[; :i ls ns'k ds jktuSfrd&vkfFkZd ekgkSy esa fiNys chl lky esa vkbZ rCnhyh gSA ;w¡ rks igys Hkh ehfM;k esa çk;ksftr lkexzh Nirh Fkh] ysfdu mu fnuksa fLFkfr bruh Hk;kog ugha FkhA Vh0oh0 ugha vk;k Fkk] v[kckj de fudyrs Fks] mudk çlkj Hkh de Fkk vkSj usrk] O;kikjh] i=kdkj lc fdlh gn rd e;kZnkvksa dk ikyu djrs Fks] vkSj lekt esa vkt dh rjg fopkjghurk O;kIr ugha FkhA VªsM ;wfu;u] Nk=k laxBu] fo0fo0] ys[kdx.k ;s lc feydj lekt dk ,ts.Mk cukrs FksA ml nkSj esa ehfM;k ij iwath dk çHkqRo Hkh ,slk ugha FkkA vkt ,slk ugha gS] blfy, tks gks jgk gS og lcds lkeus gSA uhjk jkfM;k ds Vsiksa ds lanHkZ ls ehfM;k dh uSfrdrk ij ehfM;k ds Hkhrj gh [kwc cgl fNM+h gqbZ gSA i=kdkjksa ds chp vius gh vkpj.k dks ysdj ,slh cgl igys dHkh ns[kus ugha feyhA cgl gS rks tkfgj gS fd blds nks i{k Hkh gSaA ,d i{k gS tks dgrk gS fd dkjiksjsV ?kjkuksa ;k muds fcpkSfy;ksa ds lkFk ckr djds vFkok jktlÙkk ds le{k mudh iSjoh djds i=kdkjksa us e;kZnk dk mYya?ku ugha fd;kA os ;gk¡ rd dgrs gSa fd [kcjsa tqVkus ds fy, buds lkFk bl Lrj ds laidZ cukus gh iM+rs gSaA os dkjiksjsV ?kjkuksa vkSj jktlÙkk ds chp lans'kokgd cuus esa Hkh dksbZ cqjkbZ ugha ns[krsA xuher gS fd bl rjg dh lksp j[kus okys i=kdkj fQygky vYier esa fn[kkbZ ns jgs gSaA tc ,MhVlZ fxy vkWQ bafM;k ds orZeku vè;{k jktnhi ljnslkbZ us xr lIrkg ,d dk;ZØe esa VsidkaM ls tqM+s

OwbmB©-2012

ÑpîQ>nmV i=kdkjksa dh odkyr dh rks ogk¡ mifLFkr yxHkx lkjs i=kdkj ,d fljs ls m[kM+ x, vkSj Jh ljnslkbZ dks viuk oäO; okil ysuk iM+kA ;g ,d 'kqHk lad sr gS fd ns' k ds vf/drj i=kdkj VsidkaM ls fopfyr gSaA os bl çdj.k ls tqM+s i=kdkjksa dks lansg dk ykHk nsus ds fy, rS;kj ugha gSA mudk ekuuk gS fd blls i=kdkfjrk dh is'ks dh Nfo /wfey gqbZ gSA Vsi okrkZyki Nkius okys ^vkmVyqd* ds ç/ku laiknd fouksn esgrk us Li"V :i ls dgk fd bl çdj.k esa dkyk vkSj lQsn lkQ&lkQ n`f"Vxr gSA ^fgUnw* ds ç/ku laiknd ,u0 jke0 dh Hkh jk; ;gh gSA ;g ns[kk tk ldrk gS fd igys oxZ esa vf/drj os i=kdkj gSa] tks vis{kkÑr lEiUu vkSj 'kfä'kkyh ehfM;k ?kjkuksa ls tqM+s gq, gSa] tcfd nwljs i{k esa vf/drj os yksx gSa] tks lÙkk dsUæ ls nwjh cuk, j[kus esa fo'okl j[krs gSaA bl rjg uhjk jkfM;k Vsi çdj.k Hkkjrh; ehfM;k dh orZeku fLFkfr dk vè;;u djus esa lgk;d gks ldrk gSA ;g irk pyrk gS fd fiNys chl lky esa Hkkjr esa lkekftd] vkfFkZd] jktuSfrd ifjn`'; esa tks ifjorZu vk;k gS ehfM;k mlls vNwrk ugha gSA geus ns[kk gS fd fiNys nks n'kdksa ds nkSjku Hkkjr esa iw¡thokn dk f'kdatk fdl rjg dlk gSA blds pyrs ,d ,slk lEié oxZ rS;kj gqvk gS] tks 'ks"k lekt ds lkFk u rks fdlh rjg dh lgkuqHkwfr j[krk gS vkSj u ftlds lkFk laca/ cukus esa mldh dksb Z #fp gSA ;g lEié oxZ iwjh vkcknh dks nks gh Jsf.k;ksa esa ckaVdj ns[krk gS &mRiknd vkSj miHkksäk vFkok foØsrk vkSj xzkgdA ftlds ikl Ø;'kfä ugha gS mldk budh utjksa esa dksbZ vfLrRo gh ugha gSA esjk vuqeku gS fd ,sls lEié yksxksa dh la[;k ns'k dh vkcknh ds chl çfr'kr ds vklikl gksxhA ,d le; bl oxZ dk vkn'kZ g"kZn esgrk Fkk] rks vkt mldh txg lÙkkbl eafty dk egy cukus okyk eqds'k vackuh gSA usrk] vQlj] O;kikjh vkSj vijkf/;ksa dh bl pkSdM+h us ehfM;k dks Hkh vius esa 'kkfey dj fy;k gSA blds çek.k vk, fnu lkeus vkrs jgrs gSaA orZeku çdj.k mldh ,d rktk dM+h gSA dguk gksxk fd ehfM;k dks lkFk feykus vFkok [kjhnus dk miØe igys Hkh gksrk jgk gSA blds Hkh <sjksa mnkgj.k fey tk,axs] ysfdu tSlk fd eSaus igys Hkh dgk] chrs fnuksa esa fLFkfr bruh Hk;kog ekywe ugha nsrh FkhA mlds dbZ dkj.k gSa] ftuds foLrkj esa tkuk ;gk¡ t:jh ugha gSA tgk¡ rd eq>s ;kn gS] 1946 esa vf[ky Hkkjrh; lekpkji=k laiknd lEesyu us i=kdkjksa ds fy, igyh ckj vkpkj ISSN 2231-3079

lafgrk çLrkfor dh FkhA ijorhZ dky esa ;g çfØ;k dbZ ckj nksgjkbZ xbZA fQj Hkkjrh; iszl ifj"kn ;kuh fd çsl dkmafly us Hkh viuh vksj ls i=kdkjksa ds fy, vkpkj lafgrk çLrkfor dhA bldk vFkZ ;gh gS fd vkpj.k esa L[kyu dk [krjk gj le; ekStwn Fkk vkSj mls jksdus dh dksf'k'ksa cjkcj gks jgh Fkha ;|fi bldk tSlk vuqdwy çHkko iMuk pkfg, Fkk] og ugha gqvk vkSj Hkkafr&Hkkafr ds çyksHkuksa esa iM+dj tks fxjkoV vkuh 'kq: gqbZ og vkt bl Lrj rd igq¡p xbZA bl [krjs dks çFke vkSj f}rh; çsl vk;ksx us Hkh Bhd&Bhd Hkkai fy;k FkkA blhfy, mudh vksj ls lekpkj vkSj foKkiu dk vuqikr] okftc ewY; ij v[kckj dh fcØh] i`"B la[;k ds vk/kj ij dher dk fu/kZj.k] çsl esa i=kdkjksa dh Hkkxhnkjh rFkk iw¡th ?kjkuksa ls çsl dks eqä j[kus tSls vusd çLrko lkeus vk,] ftUgsa ;k rks vnkyr us [kkfjt dj fn;k ;k fQj Lo;a i=kdkjksa usA bafnjk xka/h dh ,d le; lwpuk çlkj.k ea=kh jgh uafnuh lriFkh us Hkh v[kckjksa dks iwath ?kjkuksa ls eqä j[kus fMokY;w'ku vkWQ vksujf'ki dk lq>ko is'k fd;k Fkk] tks i=k txr dks gh dcwy ugha gqvkA ml nkSj ds eqdkcys vkt dh fLFkfr dgha T;knk isaphnh gSA ml le; i=kdkfjrk vkSj lekpkji=k lekukFkhZ FksA vkt Vhoh U;wt pSuyksa ds pyrs ^i=kdkfjrk* laKk gh yqIr gks xbZ gS o mldk LFkku ^ehfM;k* us ys fy;k gSA futh jsfM;ks ij vHkh lekpkj çlkfjr djus dh vuqefr ugha gS] ysfdu og ,d laHkkouk rks gS ghA fQj baVjusV i=kdkfjrk Hkh fnuksafnu c<+ jgh gSA bu lc fo/kvksa dk lekos'k djrs gq, i=kdkfjrk vFkok ehfM;k ds lkeus tks pqukSfr;k¡ gSa] mudks rktk lanHkksaZ esa ifjHkkf"kr fd, tkus dh egrh vko';drk gSA ;g csgrj gksxk fd ehfM;k txr Lo;a gh bl ij vkRekoyksdu dk lkgl tqVkdj vkxs dk jkLrk r; djsaA esjk Li"V er gS fd ehfM;k tura=k dk pkSFkk LraHk ugha gSA ,slk ekudj ge vius vkidks Hkqykos esa j[k jgs gSaA gekjh Hkwfedk çfr"Bku ls nwj jgdj] mlds tks rhu LraHk gSa mu ij utj j[kus vkSj muds fØ;kdykiksa dh foospuk djus dh gSA pwafd ge ,slk ugha dj jgs gSa blfy, gekjh fo'oluh;rk ij vk¡p vk jgh gSA Vsi çdj.k us volj fn;k gS fd ge bl dM+oh lPpkbZ dks Lohdkj dj ysaA ;fn ge ,slk ugha djrs gSa rks Hkkjrh; ehfM;k ftl nyny esa Q¡l pqdh gS] mlls mcjus dk fQj dksbZ mik; ugha fn[krk gSA ys[kd % ns'kca/q lekpkj i=k lewg ds ç/ku laiknd gSaA http://dialogueindia.in 

17

f'k{kk lekpkj

ÑpîQ>nmV

f'k {kk ds {ks=k esa vxz.kh f'k{k.k laLFkku ds :i esa igpkus tkus okyk es?kk

fVphax lsUVj ds funs'kd fgeka'kq iz/ku ds }kjk vkfFkZd :i ls detksj fo|kfFkZ;ksa ds fy, uo izHkkr lkjaMk QkmaMs'ku ds rRok/ku esa 40 yksxksa ds p;u izfØ;k ds ifj.kke lkoZtfud dj fn;s x;s gSaA bl ijh{kk esa dqy 13 fo|ky;ksa ds 406 Nk=k bl eq[; ijh{kk esa 'kkfey gq;s FksA bl ifj.kke esa izR;sd fo|ky; ls rhu&rhu mÙkhZ.k gksus okys Nk=kksa dk p;u fd;k x;k gSA blesa ;g lqfo/k 'kkfey dh x;h gS fd ,d o"kZ rd lHkh p;fur Nk=kksa dks lHkh fo"k; dh i<+kbZ fu%'kqYd djk;h

vkl txkrk es?kk fVphax tk;sxh rFkk bu cPpks dks fu%'kqYd ikB~; lkexzh Hkh miyC/ djk;h tk;sxh] tks fuf'pr rkSj ij f'k{kk ds {ks=k esa ,d o`gr miyfC/ gSA bl lanHkZ esa tkudkjh nsrs gq, uo izHkkr lkjaMk QkmaMs'ku ds lfpo ,oa es?kk fVphax lsaVj ds funs'kd fgeka'kq iz/ku us crk;k fd bu lHkh p;fur Nk=kksa dk ikB~;Øe vkt ls izkjaHk fd;k x;k gSA Jh

iz/ku us crk;k fd bl ijh{kk dks lQy cukus esa lfpo fgeka'kq iz/ku] mikè;{k ykt:l eaMy] vè;{k tScqu fu'kk] jek jkuh] jljkt deZdkj] vCckl vyh] js[kk flag] lr~dqekj iz/ku] rkil iz/ku] Hkkjrh >k] uqiqj jkuh] ekuoh flag] iz'kkar dqekj flag] f'ko izlkn lkgq dh ljkguh; ;ksxnku jgkA 

nk¡r vkSj eq¡g ls lacaf/r lHkh jksxksa dk ,d gh txg bykt laHko

MkW0 lR;sUæ JhokLro (MsUVy ltZu ,oa bEiykUVksykWftLV)

fr:ifr MsUVy Dyhfud ,oa bEiykaV ds;j bafnjk ekdsZV] ppZ jksM] jk¡ph

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gekjs ;gk¡ ;g lc lqfo/k,¡ miyC/ gSa&n¡rjksi.k] vkj-lh-Vh- }kjk lM+s nk¡rksa dk bykbt] fQDl nk¡r yxkuk] eq¡g dk dSalj] cÙkhlh yxkuk] yslj }kjk nk¡rksa esa elkyk Hkjuk] nnZ jfgr nk¡r fudkyuk] ik;fj;k dk bykt] Vs<+s&es<+s nk¡rksa dk bykt] Lekby fMtkbu ,oa nk¡rksa dk xguk vkfn cukus dh fo'ks"k O;oLFkkA 18

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foKkiu

OwbmB©-2012

ÑpîQ>nmV

ISSN 2231-3079

19

iku dh nqdku ij

ÑpîQ>nmV

Hkz"Vkpkj rks xjhc ns'k fy, ojnkus gS foJh

v

^^ kb, vkb, frokjh th--- dksbZ u;k [kcj gS dk] cM+k [kq'k utj vk jgs gSa!** feflj ckck eqLdjkrs gq, cksysA ^^vjs ugha frokjh thA gedks rks Hkkjh fpark gks x;k gS fd vc ns'k ds Hkz"Vkpkfj;ksa dk D;k gksxk\** bl ij feflj ckck FkksM+k fpafrr gksrs gq, cksys] ^^dk gqvk HkkbZ fd vki ijs'kku gks x;sA dk gksxk Hkz"Vkpkfj;ksa dks] dksbZ u;k dkuwu vkus okyk gS dk\** bl ij frokjh th cksys] ^^vjs ns[krs ugha gSa dk iwjs ns'k esa tks Hkz"Vpkjh gS oghs pkSd&pkSjkgs ij gYyk epk jgk gS] vu'ku ij cSB dj 'kksj epk jgk gS fd tu yksdiky fcy ykvks ns'k cpkvksA gedks rks le> esa ugha vkrk gS feflj ckck fd vius ns'k esa igys ls ftruk dkuwu cuk gS] mldk rks ikyus gh ugha gks jgk gS] rks tu yksdiky dksbZ jk{kl gksxk dk fd Hkz"Vkpkj dks ,ds ckj esa [kk tk;sxkA vki gh crkb, u fd ns'k ls Hkz"Vkpkj [kre gks tk;sxk rks ns'k dSls rjDdh djsxk\ ns'k dk rjDdh rks Hkz"Vkpkj ls gh gksrk gSA ns[krs ugha gSa dk fd ftruk cM+k cM+k yksx ns'k esa gks x;s gSa] og lc rks Hkz"Vkpkjs ls mits gSaA fQj Hkh yksx Hkz"Vkpkj gVkus ds ckr djrk gSA ;gk¡ ds vkneh ds djsDVj rks le>s esa ugha vkrk gS!** bl ij feflj ckck pqVdh ysrs gq, cksys] ^^HkkbZ ,sls esa rks ns'k dk Hkz"Vkpkj [krjs esa iM+ tk;sxkA vkWfQl ds ckcw lc rks bruk cM+k&cM+k fcfYMax Bksd jgk gS] csVh ds 'kknh esa 10&10 yk[k ngst ns jgk gSA vc rks pijkfl;ks yksx dks ns[krs gSa fd 5&7 yk[k ngst ij [kpZ djus yxk gSA cPpk cqr: dks cksfM±x Ldø y esa i<+kus yxk gSA crkb, Hkz"Vkpkj 20

can gks tk;sxk rks lHks ej tk;sxkA xjhc ns'k ds fy, rks Hkz"Vkpkj ojnku gh u gS frokjh th! dHkh&dHkh vki ,dnes Bhd ckr cksyrs gSaA vkidks bruk cqfð;k dgk¡ ls feyrk gS\** bl ij frokjh th :"B gks dj cksys] ^^bldk eryc gS fd ge vmj lc ckr csdkjs cksyrs gSa! vki gedks cqjcds le>rs gSa dkA gegw ns'k&nqfu;k ds ckjs esa v[kckj esa i<+rs gSaA nsf[k, v[kckj Nkius okyk fdruk esgur djrk gSA dgk¡&dgk¡ ls ge yksxksa ds fy, U;wtok tqVkrk gS fd ge yksx i<+rs gSaA** cgqr nsj ls gfj'kadj ckcw ;g lc lqu jgs Fks] ,dnes ls QV iM+s] ^^vki yksx rks dHkh&dHkh cM+dk cqjdk tSlk ckr djus yxrs gSaA v[kcjok okyk ftruk Hkz"V gS mruk rks dksbZ gb, ugha gS] vkSj vki yksx xyrh&lyrh crok cksydj turk dks Hkjekrs jgrs gSaA** bl ij frokjh th cksys] ^^;g vki dbls dgrs gSa fd v[kckjokyk Hkz"V gS\ vkids lkFk d÷Nks fd;k gS dk fd vki v[kckjokyk ij iM+ x;s gSa\** ^^rks D;k gedks ikxy d÷Ùkk dkVk gS fd v[kckj okyk ls iaxk ysaxsA vjs gejk cxy esa ,d v[kckjokyk jgrk gS] mldks osru feyrk gS 12-14 gtkj vkSj mldk BkV nsf[k,xk rks vPNk&vPNk usrou vkSj vQljou lc ljek tk;sxkA ,d QksVkxzkQjks jgrk gSA mldk Hkko rks gkFkh ls de ugha gSA ik¡p lky esa 20 yk[k ds fcYMax Bksd fy;kA vkSj iSlk ysdj U;wtoks Nkirk gSA vki ugha tkurs dkA mldk Bld rks xojuj ls Hkh tknk gSA ckr ckr ij lcdks /edkrk jgrk gS fd tsy Hkstok nssaxsA crkb, frokjh th fd b ns'k dgk¡ tk jgk gSA vkidks ;kn ugha gS dk fd Hkwy x;s lathouh fcfYMdkWu ds lkFk lHkh v[kcju xycfg;k Mky dj >kj[kaM ds turk dks [kwc pwlk vmj Qalk lathouh okyk vdsysA ml ij nsf[k, fd fcuk lje ds mlds fy[krk Nki jgk gS fd ;g /jk;k! og /jk;k! vc vki bl ij dk cksfy,xk] dksuks tokc gS\

vc gfj'kadj ckcw ls jgk ugha x;k] oks xqLlk ls ykyihyk gksrs gq, cksys] ^^blesa [kkyh v[kcjs okyk dk nks"kh gS\ vki yksx fcuk lksps&le>s d÷Nks cksy nsrs gSaA iqfyl vkSj dkuwu dk dj jgk gS\ mldks ugha lq>rk gS fd dksu lgh vkSj dksu xyr gSA vnkyr dsruk fnu rd vk¡[k ij ifê;k cka/s jgsxk ,ruk dsl vnkyr esa iM+y gS fd U;k; ikus okyk xjhc vkneh lqj/kes pyk tk;sxkA vjs HkkbZ lc ds lc jaxy fl;kj gSA ftldks tgk¡ ekSdk feysxk] m m/js Hkz"Vkj ds fcy esa ?kwl dj etk mBk;sxkA vEckuh] ftUny] feÙky ;g lc ds lc jkrksjkr vjcifr ls [kjcifr cu tk jgk gSA m dk ,d uEcj vkSj bekunkjh ds esgur ls cM+k cuk gSA ;gh jgrk rks fjD'kkokyk jkrks jkr [kkus&ihus yk;d Hkh rks cu tkrk! ns'k ds eksfV;k&etnwj ls Hkh T;knk dksbZ esgur djrk gS\** vc feflj ckck ls pwi ugha jgk x;kA cksys] ^^vjs HkkbZ vkids MkWDVj] izksQslj] Ldøy ekLVj dksbZ de Hkz"Vkpkjh gS dk\] tks vki yksx [kkyh b/j&m/j ds yksxks a ds Hkz "Vkpkj ds xq.kxku dj jgs gSaA ns[krs gSa izksQsljou dks dsruk iSlk feyrk gSA vmj i<+kbZ D;k djrk gSA yxrk gS vki d÷N tucs ugha djrsA 80 gtkj ls ysdj ,d ls lok yk[k rd ixkj ikus okyk izksQsljou dks nsf[k,xk rks f?ku vk tk;sxkA [kkyh iSlk vkSj izkseks'ku ds pDdj esa jkrfnu yxk jgrk gSA Ld÷y eLVjcu lc rks vkt dy tehu nykyh ls ysdj dk dk ugha djrk gSA cksyus esa Hkh gedks lje vkrk gSA** vc frokjh th cksys] ^nsf[k, vki lcdks ,d gh MaMk ls gk¡d jgs gSa] ns[ks ugha dk iz.ko eq[kthZ dks Hkz"Vkpkj ij pknj Mky dj izkseks'ku ik x;sA vkidks Hkh blh lekt esa jguk gS] rks vki Hkh blh esa fQV gks tkb,A lc f'kdk;r nwj gks tk;sxkA ge rks vc ?kj pysaA ugha rks vkiyksxksa ds lkFk jgsaxs rks fiVk tk;saxsA rks ge Hkh pyrs gSaA fQj feyrs gSaA vxys eghusA 

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'kks/ vkys[k

ÑpîQ>nmV

izlkn dh ,dkadh dyk MkW0 eqd÷y [kaMsyoky

fg

Unh ,dkadh dk lw=kikr lu 1924 ls gksrk gSA bl uohu mRFkku esa izlkn th izfrfuf/ :Ik esa vxzlj gq,A izlkn th us dbZ izdkj ds ukVd fy[ks Fks] bueasa ,dkadh ukVd Hkh FksA izkjEHk esa os HkkjrsUnq 'kSyh ls izHkkfor Fks vkSj laLÑr ukV~; 'kSyh ds midj.kksa dk iz;ksx djrs FksA mUgksaus vius dFkkud iqjk.k vkSj bfrgkl ls xzg.k fd;s] ftuls mudh lkaLÑfrd vfHk:fp dk Kku gksrk gS] fdUrq mlij viuh dYiuk vkSj izfrHkk dk jax p<+k dj pfj=kksa ij uohu euksoSK kfud izdk'k Mkydj mUgksaus ukV~;dyk dks ;FkkFkZoknh Hkkoukvksa ls lqxfBr fd;kA muesa Hkkjr ds iz k phu vkn'kZ ,oa orZ e ku thou dh lgkuqHkwfr'khy okLrfodrk dk lfEeJ.k fd;kA os LoHkkor% dfo FksA vr% jlkuqHkwfr vkSj lkSan;Z'khy xhfrdkO; us muds ukVdksa esa fof'k"V LFkku izkIr fd;kA ^d:.kky;* ,dkadh xhfr&ukV~; dh iðfr mudh HkkoukRed :fp dk |ksrd gS] ekuks izR;{k thou ds fp=kiV ij os ijks{k ekuo dYiukvksa dks iz/kurk nsrs FksA ^lTtu*] ^d:.kky;*] ^xhfr ,dkadh^ rFkk ^izk;f'pr^ izlkn th dh ,dkadh txr~ esa iz;ksxkRed jpuk,¡ gSaA muds ^,d ?kw¡V* ls ,dkafd;ksa ds fodkl esa ,d u;k ;qx 'kq: gksrk gSA ^,d ?k¡wV* uohu fn'kk dk iFk izn'kZd ,dkadh ukVd gSA izlkn th ds vU; ukVdksa dh Hkk¡fr ;g Hkh laLÑr ifjikVh ds vuq:Ik gSA ;|fi laLÑr&ifjikVh ds vuqlkj bldk iz.k;u gqvk gS] D;ksafd bl ukVd esa dqN va'kksa esa os lHkh rRo fo|eku gS] tks vkxs pydj fgUnh ,dkadh esa fodkl esa vk;sA blesa izlknRo dk jax Hkh xgjk gS vkSj ladyu=k; dk fuokZg Hkh gqvk gSA izlkn th dh loZrkseq[kh izfrHkk rFkk

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HkkjrsUnq th dh ,dkafd;ksa dk fodflr vkSj le`fð'kkyh :Ik izlkn th ds ,dkadh lkfgR; esa miyC/ gSA vusd vHkkoksa dk fujkdj.k izlkn th us viuh ,dkafd;ksa eas fd;kA vr% ;fn fgUnh lkfgR; esa vk/qfud ,dkaadh dh uho HkkjrsUnq th us Mkyh] rks mls iYyfor vkSj iqf"ir djus dk dk;Z izlkn th us fd;kA

ukVdh; Ik;Zos{k.k ds lEeq[k iqjkuh ck/k,¡ ugha fVd ldha rFkk ik'pkR; Vsduhd ds izHkko ls fgUnh ,dkadh lkfgR; iqu% osx ls izokfgr gks IkM+kA HkkjrsUnq ;qx ls fodflr gksdj izlkn ;qx rd fgUnh ,dkadh esa Ik;kZIr ifjiDork vk x;h FkhA HkkjrsUnq th dh ,dkafd;ksa dk fodflr vkSj le`fð'kkyh :Ik izlkn th ds ,dkadh lkfgR; esa miyC/ gSA vusd vHkkoksa dk fujkdj.k izlkn th us viuh ,dkafd;ksa eas fd;kA vr% ;fn fgUnh lkfgR; esa vk/qfud ,dkaadh dh uho HkkjrsUnq th us Mkyh] rks mls iYyfor vkSj iqf"ir djus dk dk;Z izlkn th us fd;kA izlkn th dh ,dkafd;ksa esa izkphu Hkkjrh; bfrgkl dk tks iqu:RFkku gqvk gS] izkphu fgUnw laLÑfr ds ftu mTToy fp=kksa dh vorkj.kk gqbZ] Hkkjrh; bfrgkl ds lkFk dfoRo rFkk nk'kZfudrk dk tks e/qj lkfgfR;d vkSj dykRed ;ksx gqvk] og vU;=k nqyZHk gSA izlkn th us HkkjrsUnq&;qx dh ikSjkf.kd] ,sfrgkfld] lq/kjoknh ,dkafd;ksa dh izkphu x|&i|e; ifjikVh rks NksM+ nh] fdUrq vf/ kdka'kr% x| ds gh ekè;e dks lkadsfrd cukus dh ifjikVh izkjEHk dhA muds ^,d ?kw¡V* ls vk/qfud fgUnh ,dkadh ds fodkl dk u;k i`"B myVrk gSA vaxzsth Vsduhd dk izHkko Hkh izlkn th ij dqN gn rd iM+kA laLÑr dk vPNk vè;;u gksus ds dkj.k muds ,dkadh lkfgR; ij laLÑrr&ukV~; iz.kkyh dk Hkh dqN izHkko ISSN 2231-3079

fn[kk;h iM+rk gSA bl izdkj izlkn th ds ,dkadh lkfgR; esa laLÑr rFkk ik'pkR; iz.kkyh ds lfEeyu ls ,d u;h ukV~; iz.kkyh dh izo`fr n`f"Vxkspj gksrh gSA izks0 vej ukFk xqIr th ds fopkj ls ^^izlkn rd fgUnh ,dkadh lkfgR; ij caxyk }kjk vk;k gqvk 'ksDlfi;j ds ukVdksa dk vaxzsth izHkko FkkA**1izlkn th dh ,dkadh jpuk iðfr dk fodkl Øe'k% gqvk FkkA ^fgUnh ukV~; lkfgR;* dh le`fð ds fufeÙk os fujUrj fofHkUu ukVdh; 'kSfy;ksa dk iz;ksx dj jgs FksA izk jEHk esa mUgksaus pkj iz;ksxkRed ,dkadh fy[kh ^lTtu*] *dY;k.kh*] ifj.k;*] ^d:.kky;* rFkk ^izk;f'pr* dyk dh n`f"V ls bu izkjfEHkd ,dkafd;ksa dk vf/d egRo ugha gS fdUrq izlkn dh ukV~;&dyk ds fodkl dh ;s vko';d dfM+;k¡ gSA**2 ^,d ?kw¡V* tks ^lTtu* ds 19 o"kZ ds nh?kZdkyhu vè;;u rFkk vuqHko ds Ik'pkr~ fy[kk x;k Fkk ,d lQy lakdsfrd ,dkadh ukVd gSA ;g ukVd ,dkadh ds bfrgkl esa egRoiw.kZ LFkku j[krk gSA mudh ukV~;&dyk ds fodkl dh n`f"V ls ge muds lEiw.kZ ukV~;&lkfgR; dks rhu dkykas esa foHkDr dj ldrs gSaA iz;ksx dky&lu 1915 rFkk iwoZ 1- lTtu 2- d:.kky; 3- izk;f'pr 4jkT;Jh eè; dky lu~ 1916 ls 1927 rd 5- fo'kk[k 6- vtkr'k=kq 7-tUets; dk ukx;K 8- dkeukA mÙkjdky lu~ 1927 ls 1933 rd 21

'kks/ vkys[k

ÑpîQ>nmV 9- LdUn xqIr10- pUnz xqIr 11- ,d ?kw¡V 12- /zqoLokfeuhA bu ,dkafd;ksa esa izlkn th ds izkphu ls vokZphu dh vksj mÙkksjÙkj fodkl dh >yd ns[kus dks feyrh gSA jktsUnz flag xkSM+ us buds laca/ esa fy[kk] ^^fo'kk[k* ds Ik'pkr~* /hjs&/hjs mlesa ,d gh izdkj dh 'kSfy;k¡ vkSj fopkj&iðfr ds fodkl vkSj ifjiDork ds midj.k feyrs gSaA muesa ukV~; lkfgR; dh ;g fo'ks"krk egku gSA**3 lTtu %& izlkn th dk ^lTtu* lu~ 1910 esa fy[kk x;k] izFke ekSfyd ,dkadh gSA blesa izkphu rFkk uohu ukV~;&iz.kkfy;ksa dk lfEeJ.k fd;k x;k gSA bl ,dkadh ds }kjk gesa muds izkphu ls vokZphu dh vksj mÙkksjÙkj fodkl dh izFke voLFkk dk ifjp; izkIr gksrk gSA ^lTtu* yxHkx 20 i`"Bksa dk ,dkadh :id gSA bldh jpuk laLÑr rFkk izkphu fgUnh ukV~; 'kSyh ij gSA izkjEHk ukUnh ls gksrk gSA rRi'pkr~ lw=k/kj vkrk gS rFkk viuh iRuh ls ukVdkfHku; dk izLrko djrk gSA dFkksidFku esa pkrqjh ls lTturk dk ladsr gks tkus ij iRuh dks lTtu dk Lej.k gks vkrk gS rFkk mlds vuUrj nq;ksZ/u dh lHkk n` f "Vxks p j gks r h gS A ^lTtu* ds dFkksidFkuksa esa i| dk ;Fks"V iz;ksx gSA ik=k viuh ckr dks iq"V djus ds fy, i| dk iz;ksx djrs gSaA izk phu ifjikVh dh fgUnh ,dkafd;ksa esa tSls [kM+hcksyh x| ds Hkhrj i| czt&Hkk"kk esa iz;qDr gS] mlh izdkj ds dfri; iz;ksx ^lTtu* esa gSA dFkksi dFku ljy vkSj laf{kIr gS rFkk lkjxfHkZr gSA ^d:.kky;* %& d:.kky; ,d xhfr ,dkadh gSA ;g oSfnd dky dh foJ`a[ky dk;Z&Hkkouk ij ,d d:.k O;aX; gSA ;g ,d NksVk&lk n`'; ukV~; gS] tks rqdkUrfoghu ekf=kd NUnksa esa fojfpr gSA blesa bPNkuqdwy fojke fpUgksa dk iz;ksx fd;k x;k gSA u rks dfoRo vkSj u ukV~;dyk dh n`f"V ls bls lQy dgk tk ldrk gSA blesa jktk gfj'pUnz rFkk jksfgr ds thou dh ,d dFkk dk] tgk¡ iq=k dks fut vf/dkjksa dk Kku gksrk gS] ekfeZd fp=k.k gSA gfj'pUnz dh drZO; Hkkouk vkSj iq=k isze ds chp la?k"kZ cM+k f'kfFky gSA gk¡ jksfgr dh thou&ykylk vkSj firk ds izfr dÙkZO; ds eè; tks la?k"kZ gqvk gS mlesa dqN ne gS] foæksg dh 'kfDr gSA 'kkL=kh; n`f"V ls izHkko ,D; <w¡<+ Hkh fudkyk tk;] rks og cM+k {kh.k gSA fQj Hkh ;g ,dkadh dfoRo ls 'kwU; ugha gSA izFke n`"; esa euksje izkÑfrd lkSUn;Z dh dksey vfHkO;atuk feyrh gSA Hkk"kk e¡th gqbZ 'kqð gS] NUn dh xfr esa 22

loZ=k lekurk gSA bl xhfr ukV~; esa izlkn th ds izlknRo dh ,d >yd Hkj gSA bl ukVd ij vaxzsth ds izflð dfo oMZLkoFkZ vkSj caxyk ds ekbZdsy e/qlwnu nÙk dk izHkko n`f"Vxkspj gksrk gSA of.kZd o`rksa dk fo'ks"k fo/ku gSA izlkn th us vaxzsth ls izHkkfor gksdj ^d:.kky;* dh jpuk dh gS] fdUrq blds vuUrj mUgksaus viuk ;g ekxZ ifjofrZr dj fn;kA ^d:.kky;^ esa ftl xhfr ukV~; 'kSyh dk vuqlj.k fd;k x;k gS og izlkn th dks uohu&lh izrhr gqbZ] D;ksafd ml dky esa ukV~;dkj] ukSVadh dh 'kSyh ij xhr&ukVdksa dh l`f"V fd;k djrs FksA ^lR; gfj'pUnz* ds dFkkud dks ysdj vk/qfud ukV~;dkjksa us xhfr ukV~; dh ifjikVh dks v{kq..k j[kk gSA fp=k/kj %& ;g ,dkadh izlkn th us 22 o"kZ dh voLFkk esa fy[kh FkhA bl laxzg ls mudh mnh;eku izfrHkk dk lgt gh vuqeku gks ldrk gS rFkk mu ij Øe'k% vaxzsth Vsduhd dk Hkh izHkko n`f"Vxkspj gksrk gSA ,d ?kw¡V %& izlkn dh ,dkafd;ksa esa ^,d ?kw¡V* dk fo'ks"k LFkku gSA bldk ,d ,sfrgkfld egRo gSA dqN vkykspdksa us blls u;h 'kSyh dh vk/qfud fgUnh ,dkadh dk izkjEHk ekuk gSA MkW0 gjnso ckgjh fy[krs gS& ^^;ksa rks HkkjrsUnq gfj'pUæ] cnjhukjk;.k xksLokeh] ckydÑ".k Hkê] izrki ukjk;.k feJ vksSj jk/k Ñ".knkl us fiNyh 'krkCnh esa gh ,sls :id fy[ks Fks] tks vktdy dh ,dkafd;ksa ls feyrs&tqyrs gSa] ijUrq mUgsa vkn'kZ ,dkadh ugha dg ldrsA fgUnh ,dkadh dk izknqHkkZo t;'kadj izlkn ds ^,d ?kw¡V* ls gh gksrk gSA^^4 MkW0 uxsUnz dgrs gSa&**lpeqp fgUnh ,dkadh dk izkjEHk izlkn ds *,d ?k¡wV* ls gqvk gSA izlkn ij laLÑr dk izHkko gSA blfy, os fgUnh ,dkadh ds tUenkrk ugha dgs tk ldrs ;g ckr ekU; ugha gSA ,dkadh dh Vsduhd dk *,d ?kw¡V* esa iwjk fuokZg gSA**5 izks0 lnxq:kj.k voLFkh us fy[kk gS& ^,d ?kw¡V* ,d lqUnj lkfgfR;d iq"Ik gS] ftldk jlkLoknu fo}ku] rdZ'khy vkSj xEHkhj ikBd gh dj ldrs gSaA pWwfd izlkn th ds ukVd fo}kuksa ds fy, jps Kkr gksrs gSa] mu ij nq:grk dk vkjksi yxkuk O;FkZ&lk izrhr gksrk gSA vfHku; ds vuqi ;qDr gksus ij Hkh LFkku&LFkku ij vfHku; dk iw.kZ vk;kstu *,d ?kw¡V* esa gSA**6 izlkn th dk ^,d ?kw¡V* fgUnh ,dkafd;ksa ds fodkl dh f}rh; voLFkk dk vxz.kh gSA ---izlkn dk ^,d ?kw¡V* 1986 laor~ esa izdkf'kr

gqvk FkkA izFke voLFkk ^,d ?kw¡V* ds fy[ks tkus ds iwoZ rd ekuh tkuh pkfg,A^*7 oLrqr% u;h 'kSyh ds okLrfod fgUnh ,dkadh dk izkjEHk gh t;'kadj izlkn ds ^,d ?kw¡V* ls gksrk gSA orZeku ,dkadh Vsduhd dk blesa iw.kZ fuokZg gqvk gS vkSj blh dkj.k ;g ,d lQy ,dkadh ukVd gSA bl ij ik'pkR; izHkko Li"V nh[k iM+rk gSA ^,d ?kw¡V* us fgUnh ,dkadh dh ,d u;h ijEijk dks tUe fn;k vkSj ,d uohu fn'kk dh vksj iFk izn'kZu fd;kA ;|fi bl ,dkadh esa jaxeap ds fu;eksa dh vogsyuk gqbZ gS ijUrq ik=k&fp=k.k euksoSKkfud gSA oLrqr% izlkn th us ,dkadh ukVdksa dh vksj fo'ks"k è;ku ugha fn;kA pfj=k fu:Ik.k vkSj O;fDr la?k"kZ gh mudk vkn'kZ jgk] ml {ks=k esa os vf}rh; gSA izlkn th ds ,adkfd;ksa dh dFkkoLrq rhu izdkj dh gS 1- ,sfrgkfld 2- ikSjkf.kd 3- HkkokRed vkn'kZoknA ^izk ;f'pr dh dFkkoLrq ,sfrgkfld gS rFkk ^lTtu* vkSj ^d:.kky;^ dh dFkkoLrq ikSjkf.kd gS ,oa HkkokRed vkn'kZokn ij vk/kfjr ,dkadh ^,d ?kw¡V* gSA ,sfrgkfld ,oa ikSjkf.kd ,dkafd;ksa esa izlkn th us izkphu laLÑfr vkSj oSHko dk uohu LoIu ns[kk gS vkSj mlss viuh dksey Hkkoukvksa ls vuqjaftr fd;k gSA viuh izfrHkk }kjk mUgksaus 'kq"d bfrgkl rFkk Hkwys gq, ikSjkf.kd mik[;kuksa dks lkfgR; dk lq/jk :Ik Hkh iznku fd;k gS vius bl iz;Ru esa lQyrk izkIr djus ds fy, mUgksaus viuh vksj ls dFkkoLrq dh ,sfrgkfldrk esa dqN ifjorZu Hkh fd;k gS] ij ,d lhek ds Hkhrj vkSj dykRed <a+x lsA mudh leL;k,¡ cgqeq[kh gSa& ifrrksa dks mBkuk] fujk'kk ds xrZ esa fxjs gq, izkf.k;ksa dh ihfM+r ekuork dk fo'o eaxydkjh vk'kkokn dk lans'k lqukukA muds ukVdksa esa jktuhfrd }U}] iz.k; ds ?kkr&izfr?kkr rFkk vkè;kfRed mRFkku ds lkFk&lkFk u;k vkd"kZd gS] vkst gS vkSj vkn'kZ Hkh gSA

lanHkZ lwph %&

1-fgUnh ,dkadh ukVd ladyu& izks0 vejukFk xqIr] HkwfedkA 2-fgUnh ukVd dk bfrgkl&MkW0 lkseukFk xqIr]i`"B&241A 3vk/qfud dfo;ksa dh dkO; lk/uk& jktsUnz flag xkSM+ Ik`"B&241A 4A pqus gq, ,dkadh ukVd& MkW0 gjnso ckgjh] Hkwfedk] i`"B&6A 5-vk/qfud fgUnh ukVd % MkW0 uxsUnz i`"B&131A 6-^,d ?kw¡V* dh vkykspuk izks0 lnxq:'kj.kA 7-fgUnh ,dkadh MkW0 lR;sUnz i`"B&28

 OwbmB©-2012

i=kdkfjrk fo'ks"k

dkS'ky fo'odekZ

ts

El vxLVu fgDdh us 29 tuojh 1780 esa igyk Hkkjrh; lekpkj i=k caxky xtV dydÙkk ls vaxzth esa fudkykA bldk vkn'kZ okD; Fkk &lHkh ds fy;s [kqyk fQj Hkh fdlh ls çHkkfor ughaA vius fuHkhZd vkpj.k vkSj foosd ij vM+s jgus ds dkj.k fgDdh dks bLV bafM;k daiuh dk dksiHkktu cuuk iM+kA gsfLVaxl ljdkj dh 'kklu 'kSyh dh dVw vkykspuk dk iqjLdkj fgDdh dks tsy ;kruk ds :i esa feyhA fgDdh us viuk mís'; gh ?kksf"kr fd;k FkkA vius eu vkSj vkRek dh Lora=krk ds fy;s vius 'kjhj dks ca/u esa Mkyus esa eq>s etk vkrk gSA lekpkj i=k dh 'kq:vkr foæksg dh ?kks"k.kk ls gqbZA fgDdh Hkkjr ds çFke i=kdkj Fks ftUgksaus çsl dh Lora=krk ds fy;s fczfV'k ljdkj ls la?k"kZ fd;kA mÙkjh vesfjdk fuoklh fofy;e gqvkuh us fgDdh dh ijaijk dks le`ð fd;kA 1765 esa çdkf'kr caxky tujy tks ljdkj leFkZd Fkk 1791 esa gqekuh ds laiknd cu tkus ds ckn ljdkj dh vkykspuk djus yxkA gqekuh dh vkØked eqæk ls vkrafdr gksdj ljdkj us mls Hkkjr ls fu"dkflr dj fn;kA tsEl cafd?ke us 2 vDVwcj 1818 dks dydÙkk ls vaxzth dk dSydVk tujy çdkf'kr fd;kA tks ljdkjh uhfr;ksa dk fuHkhZd vkykspd FkkA iafMr vafcdk ç'kkn us fy[kk fd bl i=k dh Lora=krk o mnkjrk igys fdlh i= esa ugh ns[kh x;hA dSydVk tujy ml le; ds ,aXyksbafM;u i=kksa dks çpkj çlkj esa ihNs NksM+ fn;k FkkA ,d :i;s eqY; ds bl v[kckj dk nks o"kZ esa lnL; la[;k ,d gtkj ls vf/d gks x;h FkhA tsEl cafd?ke dks çsl dh Lora=krk dk çrhd ekuk tkrk FkkA lu~ 1823 esa mUgsa ns'k fudkyk ns fn;k x;kA gkykafd baxySaM tkdj mUgksaus vkWfj;aVy gsjkYM fudkyk ftlesa og Hkkjrh; leL;kvksa vkSj daiuh ds gkFkksa esa Hkkjr dk

OwbmB©-2012

ÑpîQ>nmV

Hkkjrh; Lora=rk vkanksyu esa vaxzsth vkSj Hkk"kkbZ i=dkfjrk dh Hkwfedk fnlacj 1823 esa jktk jkeeksgu jk; us ykMZ ,egLV dks i=k fy[kdj vaxzsth f'k{kk ds çlkj gsrq O;oLFkk djus dk vuqjks/ fd;k rkfd vaxzsth dks viukdj Hkkjroklh fo'o dh xfrfof/;ksa ls voxr gks lds vkSj eqfä dk egRo le>sA yksdekU; cky xaxk/j fryd fo".kq 'kkL=kh fpiwy.kdj vkSj yksdekU; fryd us feydj 1 tuojh 1881 ls ejkBh esa dsljh vkSj vaxzsth esa ejkBk lkIrkfgd i=k fudkysA fryd vkSj muds lkfFk;ksa us i=k&çdk'ku dh mn?kks"k.kk esa dgk & ^gekjk n`<+ fu'p; gS fd ge gj fo"k; ij fu"i{k <ax ls rFkk gekjs n`f"Vdks.k ls tks lR; gksxk mldk foospu djsaxsA fu%lansg vkt Hkkjr esa fczfV'k 'kku esa pkVqdkfjrk dh ço`fr c<+ jgh gSA lHkh bZekunkj yksx ;g Lohdkj djsaxs fd ;g ço`fr vokaNuh; rFkk turk ds fgrksa ds fo:ð gSA bl çLrkfor lekpkji=k dsljh esa tks ys[k Nisaxs os buds uke ds gh vuq:i gksaxsA* 'kklu cuk;s j[kus ds f[kykQ yxkrkj vfHk;ku pykrk jgkA 1961 ds bafM;u dkamfly ,DV ds ckn lekt ds Åijh rcdksa esa mHkjh jktuhfrd psruk ls Hkkjrh; o xSjHkkjrh; nksuksa Hkk"kk ds i=kksa dh la[;k c<+hA 1861 esa cacbZ esa VkbEl vkQ bafM;k dh] 1865 esa bykgkckn esa ik;fu;j] 1868 esa eækl esy dh] 1875 esa dydÙkk LVsVleSu dh vkSj 1876 esa ykgkSj esa flfoy ,aM feyVjh xtV dh LFkkiuk gqbZA ;s lHkh vaxzsth nSfud fczfV'k 'kkludky esa tkjh jgsA VkbEl vkQ bafM;k us çk;% fczfV'k ljdkj dh uhfr;ksa dk leFkZu fd;kA ik;ksfu;j us HkwLokeh vkSj egktuh rRoksa dk i{k rks eækl esy us ;wjksih; okf.kT; leqnk; dk i{k/j FkkA LVsVleSu us ljdkj vkSj Hkkjrh; ISSN 2231-3079

jk"Vªokfn;ksa nksuksa dk gh vkykspuk dh FkhA flfoy ,.M fefyVjh xtV fczfV'k nkfd;kuwlh fopkjksa dk i=k FkkA LVsVleSu VkbEl vkQ bafM;k flfoy ,.M fefyVjh xtV ik;fu;j vkSj eækl esy tSls çflð i=k vaxzsth ljdkj vkSj 'kklu dh uhfr;ksa ,oa dk;ZØe dk leFkZu djrs FksA ve`r cktkj if=kdk ckacs Økfudy] ckacs lsafVuy] fgUnqLrku VkbEl] fgUnqLrku LVSaMMZ] Ýh çsl tujy] us'uy gsjkYM] us'uy dkWy vaxzsth esa Nius okys y{; çfrf"Br jk"Vªoknh nSfud vkSj lkIrkfgd i=k FksA fgUnw yhMj bafM;u lks'ky fjQkeZj ekMuZ fjO;w mnkjiaFkh jk"Vªh;rk dh Hkkouk dks vfHkO;fä nsrs FksA bafM;u us'kuy dkaxzsl dh uhfr;ksa vkSj dk;ZØeksa dks jk"Vªh; i=kksa us iw.kZ vkSj mnkjiaFkh 23

i=kdkfjrk fo'ks"k

ÑpîQ>nmV i=ksa us vkykspukRed leFkZu fn;k FkkA Mku eqfLye yhx ds fopkjksa dk iks"kd FkkA ns'k ds fo|kFkhZ laxBuksa ds vius i=k Fks tSls LVwMsaV vkSj lkFkhA lqjsaæukFk cuthZ dk caxkyh 1879 vaxzsth esa Hkkjr ds jk"Vªh; usrk lqjsUæukFk cuthZ us 1874 esa caxkyh vaxzsth i=k dk çdk'ku o laiknu fd;kA blesa Nis ,d ys[k ds fy;s muij U;k;ky; dh voKk dk vfHk;ksx yxk;k x;k FkkA mUgsa nks eghus ds dkjkokl dh ltk feyh FkhA caxkyh us Hkkjrh; jktuhfrd fopkj/kjk ds mnkjoknh ny ds fopkjksa dk çpkj fd;k FkkA lqjsUæukFk cuthZ dh jk; ij n;ky flag ethfB;k us 1877 esa ykgkSj esa vaxzsth nSfud fVªC;wu dh LFkkiuk dhA iatkc dh mnkjoknh jk"Vªh; fopkj/kjk dk ;g çHkko'kkyh i=k FkkA ykMZ fyVu ds ç'kkludky esa dqN ljdkjh dkeksa ds pyrs turk dh Hkkoukvksa dks pksV igq¡ph ftlls jktuhfrd vlarks"k c<+k vkSj v[kckjksa dh la[;k esa o`fð gqbZA 1878 esa eækl esa ohj jk/ okpkjh vkSj vU; ns'kHkä Hkkjrh;ksa us vaxzsth lIrkfgd fgUnw dh LFkkiuk dhA 1889 ls ;g nSfud gqvkA fgUnq dk n`f"Vdks.k mnkjoknh FkkA ysfdu blus bafM;u us'uy dkaxzsl dh jktuhfr dh vkykspuk ds lkFk gh ldk leFkZu Hkh fd;kA jk"Vªh; psruk dk lekt lq/kj ds {ks=k esa Hkh çlkj gqvkA cacbZ esa 1890 esa bafM;u lks'ky fjQkeZj vaxzsth lkIrkfgd dh LFkkiuk gqbZA lekt lq/kj gh bldk eq[; y{; FkkA 1899 esa lfPpnkuan flUgk us vaxzsth ekfld fgUnqLrku fjO;w dh LFkkiuk dhA bl i=k dk jktuSfrd vkSj oSpkfjd n`f"Vdks.k mnkjoknh FkkA 1900 ds ckn 1900 esa th , uVs'ku us eækl ls bafM;u fjO;w dk vkSj 1907 esa dydÙkk ls jkekuUn pVthZ us ekWMuZ fjO;w dk çdk'ku 'kq: fd;kA ekWMuZ fjO;w ns'k dk lcls vf/d fo[;kr vaxzsth ekfld flð gqvkA blesa lkekftd jktuhfrd ,sfrgkfld vkSj oSKkfud fo"k;ksa ij ys[k fudyrs Fks vkSj varjk"Vªh; ?kVukvksa ds fo"k; esa Hkh dke dh [kcjsa gksrh FkhA blus bafM;u us'uy dkaxzsl esa çk;% nf{k.kiafFk;ksa dk leFkZu fd;kA 1913 esa ch th gkuhZeu ds laikndRo esa fQjkst'kkg esgrk us ckacs Økfudy fudkykA 1918 esa losaZVl vkQ bafM;k lkslkbVh us Jhfuokl 'kkL=kh ds laikndRo esa viuk eq[ki=k losaZV vkWQ bafM;k fudkyuk 'kq: fd;kA blus mnkjoknh jk"Vªh; n`f"Vdks.k ls ns'k dh leL;kvksa dk fo'ys"k.k vkSj lek/ku çLrqr fd;kA 1939 esa bldk çdk'ku can gks x;kA 1919 esa xka/h us ;ax bafM;k dk laiknu fd;k vkSj blds ekè;e ls 24

vius jktuhfrd n'kZu dk;ZØe vkSj uhfr;ksa dk çpkj fd;kA 1933 ds ckn mUgksaus gfjtu cgqr lh Hkk"kkvksa esa çdkf'kr lkIrkfgd dk Hkh çdk'ku 'kq: fd;kA iafMr eksrhyky usg: us 1919 esa bykgkckn ls baMhisaMsaV vaxzsth nSfud dk çdk'ku 'kq: fd;kA Lojkt ikVhZ ds usrk us ny ds dk;ZØe ds çpkj ds fy;s 1922 esa fnYyh esa ds ,e0 iéhdj ds laikndRo esa fgUnqLrku VkbEl vaxzsth nSfud dk çdk'ku 'kq: fd;kA blh dky esa ykyk yktir jk; ds QyLo:i ykgkSj ls vaxzsth jk"Vªoknh nSfud I;qiy dk çdk'ku 'kq: fd;k x;kA 1923 ds ckn /hjs&/hjs lektoknh] lkE;oknh fopkj Hkkjr esa QSyus yxsA odZlZ ,aM IyslaV ikVhZ vkWQ bafM;k dk ,d eq[ki=k ejkBh lkIrkfgd Økafr FkkA eVZ dkalihjslh dsl ds ,e0 th nslkbZ vkSj ysLVj gfpalu ds laikndRo esa Øe'k% LikdZ vkSj U;w LikdZ vaxzsth lkIrkfgd çdkf'kr gqvkA ekdZ~lokn dk çpkj djuk vkSj jk"Vªh; Lora=krk ,oa fdlkuksa etnwjksa ds Lora=k jktuhfrd vkfFkZd la?k"kksaZ dks leFkZu çnku djuk budk mís'; FkkA 1930 vkSj 1939 ds chp etnwjksa fdlkuksa ds vkanksyuksa dk foLrkj gqvk vkSj mudh rkdr c<+hA dkaxzsl ds ukSotokuksa ds chp lkektoknh lkE;oknh fopkj fodflr gq,A bl rjg LFkkfir dkaxzsl lks'kfyLV ikVhZ us vf/dkfjd i=k ds :i esa dkaxzsl lks'kfyLV dk çdk'ku fd;kA dE;qfuLV ds çeq[k i=k us'uy ÝaV vkSj ckn esa I;qiyl~ okj FksA ;s nksuksa vaxzsth lIrkfgd i=k FksA ,e0 ,u0 jkW; ds fopkj vf/dkfjd lkE;okn ls fHkUu FksA mUgksaus viuk vyx ny dk;e fd;k ftldk eq[ki=k Fkk baMhisaMsaV bafM;kA

c<+kosa vkSj lkekftd çxfr esa lgk;d flð gksA eSa viuh 'kfä Hkj 'kkldksa dks mudh çtk dh ifjfLFkfr;ksa dk lgh ifjp; nsuk pkgrk gw¡ vkSj çtk dks muds 'kkldksa }kjk LFkkfir fof/&;oLFkk ls ifjfpr djkuk pkgrk gw¡ rkfd turk dks 'kklu vf/dkf/d lqfo/k ns ldsA turk mu mik;kas ls voxr gks lds ftuds }kjk 'kkldksa ls lqj{kk ik;h tk lds vkSj viuh mfpr ekaxsa iwjh djk;h tk ldsA fnlacj 1823 esa jktk jkeeksgu jk; us ykMZ ,egLV dks i=k fy[kdj vaxzsth f'k{kk ds çlkj gsrq O;oLFkk djus dk vuqjks/ fd;k rkfd vaxzsth dks viukdj Hkkjroklh fo'o dh xfrfof/;ksa ls voxr gks lds vkSj eqfä dk egRo le>sA yksdekU; cky xaxk/j fryd fo".kq 'kkL=kh fpiwy.kdj vkSj yksdekU; fryd us feydj 1 tuojh 1881 ls ejkBh esa dsljh vkSj vaxzsth esa ejkBk lkIrkfgd i=k fudkysA fryd vkSj muds lkfFk;ksa us i=k&çdk'ku dh mn?kks"k.kk esa dgk & ^gekjk n`<+ fu'p; gS fd ge gj fo"k; ij fu"i{k <ax ls rFkk gekjs n`f"Vdks.k ls tks lR; gksxk mldk foospu djsaxsA fu%lansg vkt Hkkjr esa fczfV'k 'kku esa pkVqdkfjrk dh ço`fr c<+ jgh gSA lHkh bZekunkj yksx ;g Lohdkj djsa xs fd ;g ço` fr vokaNuh; rFkk turk ds fgrksa ds fo:ð gSA bl çLrkfor lekpkji=k dsljh esa tks ys[k Nisaxs os buds uke ds gh vuq:i gksaxsA* dsljh vkSj ejkBk us egkjk"Vª esa tupsruk QSykbZ rFkk jk"Vªh; Lok/hurk vkanksyu ds bfrgkl esa Lof.kZe ;ksxnku fn;kA mUgksaus Hkkjrh; turk dks nhu&ghu o nCcw i{k dh ço`fr ls mB dj lkglh fuMj o ns'k ds çfr lefiZr gksus dk ikB i<+k;kA cl ,d gh ckr mHkj dj vkrh Fkh &LojkT; esjk tUeflð vf/dkj jktk jkeeksgu jk; jktk jkeeksgu jk; us lu~ 1821 esa gSA lu~ 1896 esa Hkkjh vkdky iM+k ftlesa caxkyh i=k laokn dkSeqnh dks dydÙkk ls gtkjksa yksxksa dh ekSr gqbZA cacbZ esa blh le; çdkf'kr fd;kA 1822 esa Qkjlh Hkk"kk dk i=k Iysx dh egkekjh QSyhA vaxszt ljdkj us fejkr my v[kckj vkS j va xzs th Hkk"kk esa czs gsfudy fLFkfr laHkkyus ds fy;s lsuk cqyk;hA lsuk eSxthu fudkykA jktk jkeeksgu jk; us vaxzsth ?kj&?kj ryk'kh ysuh 'kq: dj fn;k] ftlls esa caxyk gsjkYM fudkykA dydÙkk ls 1829 turk esa Øks/ iSnk gks x;kA fryd us bl esa caxnwr çdkf'kr fd;k tks caxyk Qkjlh euekus O;ogkj o ykijokgh ls {kqC/ gksdj fgUnh vaxzsth Hkk"kkvksa esa Nirk FkkA laokn dsljh ds ekè;e ls ljdkj dh dM+h vkykspuk dkSeqnh vkSj fejkr my v[kckj Hkkjr esa Li"V dhA dsljh esa muds fy[ks ys[k ds dkj.k mUgsa çxfr'khy jk"Vªh; vkSj turkaf=kd ço`fr ds 18 eghus dkjkokl dh ltk nh x;hA egkRek xka/h lcls igys çdk'ku FksA ;s lekt lq/kj ds çpkj vkSj /kfeZd&nk'kZfud leL;kvksa ij xka/hth us 4 twu 1903 esa bafM;u vkykspukRed okn&fookn ds eq[; i=kFksA jktk vksfifu;u lkIrkfgd i=k dk çdk'ku fd;kA jkeeksgu jk; dh bu lHkh i=kksa ds çdk'ku ds ftlds ,d gh vad ls vaxzsth fgUnh rfey ihNs ewy Hkkouk ;g Fkh] -^^esjk mís'; ek=k xqtjkrh Hkk"kk esa N% dkWye çdkf'kr gksrs FksA bruk gS fd turk ds lkeus ,sls ckSfðd ml le; xka/hth nf{k.k vÝhdk esa jgrs FksA fuca/ mifLFkr d:¡] tks muds vuqHko dks vaxzsth esa ;ax bafM;k vkSj tqykbZ 1919 ls

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i=kdkfjrk fo'ks"k fgUnh&xqtjkrh esa uothou dk çdk'ku vkjaHk fd;kA bu i=kksa ds ekè;e ls vius fopkjksa dks tuekul rd igq¡pk;kA muds O;fäRo us turk ij tknw lk dj fn;k FkkA mudh vkokt ij yksx ej&feVus dks rS;kj gks x;sA bu i=kksa esa çfr lIrkg egkRek xka/h ds fopkj çdkf'kr gksrs FksA fczfV'k 'kklu }kjk ikfjr dkuwuksa ds dkj.k tuer ds vHkko esa ;s i=k can gks x;sA ckn esa mUgksaus vaxzsth esa gfjtu vkSj fgUnh esa gfjtu lsod rFkk xqtjkrh esa gfjcU/q dk çdk'ku fd;k rFkk ;s i=k Lora=krk rd Nkirs jgsA

ÑpîQ>nmV ds dkj.k bl i=k dk neu Hkh gqvkA blds dbZ laikndksa dks tsy dh Hkh ltk Hkqxruh iM+hA tc fczfV'k ljdkj us /ks[ks ls d'ehj es jktk çrki flag dks xíh ls gVk fn;k vkSj d'ehj dks vius dCts esa ysuk pkgk rks bl if=kdk us bruk rhoz fojks/ fd;k fd ljdkj dks jktk çrki flag dks jkT; ykSVkuk iM+kA

i;kes vktknh

Lora=krk vkanksyu ds vxz .kh usrk vtheqYyk [kk¡ us 8 Qjojh 1857 dks fnYyh ls i;kes vktknh i=k çkjaHk fd;kA 'kksys dh rjg viuh ç[kj o rstLouh ok.kh ls turk esa Lora=krk dh Hkkouk Hkj nhA vYidky rd thfor jgs bl i=k ls ?kcjkdj fczfV'k ljdkj us bls can djkus esa dksbZ dlj ugh NksM+hA i;kes vktknh i=k ls vaxzst ljdkj bruh vkrafdr gqbZ fd ftl fdlh ds ikl Hkh bl i=k dh dkWih ik;h tkrh mls xíkj vkSj foæksgh le> dj xksyh ls mM+k fn;k x;kA vU; dks ljdkjh ;kruk;sa >syuh iM+rh FkhA bldh çfr;k¡ tCr dj yh x;h fQj Hkh blus tu&tkx`fr QSykuk tkjh j[kkA

irk Fkk fd lkEçnkf;drk lkezkT;okfn;ksa dk ,d dkjxj gfFk;kj gSA i=kdkfjrk ds ekè;e ls lkeçnkf;d oSeuL; ds f[kykQ yM+kbZ rst dh x;h FkhA Hkk"kkbZ i`Fkdrkokn ds [krjs dks ns[krs gq, ,d ls vf/d Hkk"kkvksa esa i=k fudkys tkrs FksA ftlesa f}Hkk"kh i=kksa dh la[;k vf/kd FkhA

fgUnh vkSj mnwZ i=k

etg#y l#j] Hkjriqj 1850 i;kes vktknh] fnYyh 1857 Kku çnkf;uh] ykgkSj 1866 tcyiqj lekpkj] ç;kx 1868 ve`r cktkj if=kdk lfj'rs rkyhe] y[kuÅ 1883 jktiwrkuk xtV] vtesj 1884 lu~ 1868 esa caxky ds NksVs ls xk¡o cqansy[kaM v[kckj] yfyriqj 1870 ve`r cktkj ls gsesUæ dqekj ?kks"k] f'kf'kj lokZfgr dkjd] vkxjk 1865 dqekj ?kks"k vkSj eksrhyky ?kks"k ds la;qä ç;kl [kSj [okgs fgUn] fetkZiqj 1865 ls ,d ckaxyk lkIrkfgd i=k ve`r cktkj txr lekpkj] ç;kx 1868 if=kdk 'kq: gqvkA ckn esa dydÙkk ls ;g txr vk'kuk] vkxjk 1873 ckaxyk vkSj vaxzsth nksuksa Hkk"kkvksa esa Nius fgUnqLrkuh] y[kuÅ 1883 yxhA 1878 ds oukZD;wyj çsl ,DV ls cpus ijpk /eZlHkk] Q#Z[kkckn 1889 ds fy;s bls iw.kZr% vaxzsth lkIrkfgd cuk lekpkj lq/k o"kZ.k] fgUnh vkSj ckaxyk] fn;k x;kA lu~ 1891 esa vaxzsth nSfud ds :i dydÙkk 1854 fgUnh çdk'k] fgUnh mnwZ esa bldk çdk'ku 'kq# gqvkA ve`r cktkj ;qxkarj if=kdk us rxM+s jk"Vªh; fopkjksa dk çpkj txnh'k çlkn prqosZnh us fy[kk gS& tgk¡ xq#eq[kh] ve`rlj 1873 e;kZnk ifjikVh fd;k vkSj ;g vR;kf/d yksdfç; jk"Vªoknh rd Økafrdkjh vkanksyu dk laca/ gS Hkkjr dk lekpkj] laLÑr fgUnh] vkxjk 1873] 1846 i=k jgk gSA ljdkjh uhfr;ksa dh dVw vkykspuk Økafrdkjh vkanksyu canwd vkSj ce ds lkFk esa dydÙkk ls çdkf'kr bafM;u lu~ Hkh fgUnq gsjksYM dh Hkkafr ik¡p Hkk"kkvksa fgUnh Qkjlh ugh lekpkji=kksa ls 'kq# gqvkA vaxzsth ckaxyk vkSj mnwZ esa fudyrk FkkA 1870 okfjUæ ?kks"k dk i=k ;qxkarj okLro esa ukxiqj ls fgUnh mnwZ ejkBh esa ukxiqj xtV esa ;qxkUrjdkjh i=k FkkA dksbZ tku çdkf'kr gksrk FkkA caxnwr ckaxyk Qkjlh fgUnh ugh ikrk Fkk fd bl i=k dk vaxzsth Hkk"kvksa esa Nirk FkkA laiknd dkSu gSA vusd O;fä;ksa xqtjkrh us lle; vius vkidks i=k dk cacbZ esa ns'kh çsl ds ç.ksrk Qjnwu th laiknd ?kksf"kr fd;k vkSj tsy etZcku 1822 esa xqtjkrh esa ckacs lekpkj 'kq# x;sA neudkjh dkuwu cukdj fd;k tks vkt Hkh nSfud i=k ds :i esa i=k dks can fd;k x;kA phQ fudyrk gSA 1851 esa cacbZ esa xqtjkrh ds nks tfLVl lj ykjsal tSfudlu us vkSj i=kksa jLr xks¶rkj vkSj v[kckjs lkSnkxj bl i=k dh fopkj/kjk ds ckjs esa dh LFkkiuk gqbZA nknkHkkbZ ukSjksth us jLr xks¶rkj fy[kk FkkA bldh gj ,d iafä dk laiknu fd;kA ;g xqtjkrh Hkk"kk dk ls vaxzstksa ds fo:ð }s"k Vidrk çHkko'kkyh i=k FkkA 1831 esa cacbZ ls ih0,e gSA çR;sd 'kCn esa Økafr ds fy;s eksrhckyk us xqtjkrh i=k tkes te'ksn 'kq# mÙkstuk >ydrh gSA fd;kA ;qxkarj ds ,d vad esa rks ejkBh ce dSls cuk;k tkrk gS ;g Hkh lw;kZth Ñ".kth ds laiknu esa 1840 esa crk;k x;k FkkA lu~ 1909 esa ejkBh dk igyk i=k eqacbZ lekpkj 'kq# gqvkA bldk tks vafre vad çdkf'kr 1842 esa Ñ".kth frEcdth jkukMs us iwuk ls gq v k ml ij bldk eq Y ; Kku çdk'k i=k çdkf'kr fd;kA 1879&80 esa Fkk&fQjaxfn dkapk ekFkk fQjaxh cqjgkjuiqj ls ejkBh lkIrkfgd i=k lqcks/ fla/q dk rqjar dVk gqvk flj ,d ls dk çdk'ku y{e.k vuUr ç;kxh }kjk gksrk vf/kd Hkk"kk okys Hkk"kkbZ i=k FkkA eè; Hkkjr esa fgUnh i=k&if=kdkvksa dk 9661487725 fgUnq eq lyeku nksuksa lkaçnkf;drk fodkl ejkBh i=kksa ds lgkjs gh gqvk FkkA ds [krjs dks le>rs FksA mUgsa 

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ISSN 2231-3079

25

Qk;ns gh Qk;ns

ÑpîQ>nmV

i=dkfjrk ds Qk;ns s

ckysUnq 'ks[kj frokjh

e

gkohj izlkn f}osnh ds VDdj dk ukle> lEiknd bl /jrh ij nwljk ugah gqvkA ml vkneh us lkjh ftUnxh nwljksa dh Hkk"kk 'kqð djus vkSj rqdcanjksa dks egkdfo flð djus esa cckZn dj nhA ml vkneh dks u i=kdkfjrk dh fo'kky Qk;nkdkjh dk irk Fkk vkSj u foKkiuksa] VsaMjksa dk Kku feyk FkkA ;gh ml vkneh dh vlQyrk Fkh vkSj ;gh gekjs ikjl ckcw dh lQyrk dk jgL; gSA i=kdkfjrk ds Qk;nksa ls Hkh Qk;nk fupksM+ ysus esa ikjl ckcw Hkkjr jRu gSaA ikjl ckcw bl /jrh ds lcls egku i=kdkj gSa] tks i=kdkfjrk dh reke xqIr vkSj yqIr fdLe dh Qk;nkofy;ksa ds fo'ks"kK gSaA muls Hkh egku mudk v[kckj ^djeVksyh lekpkj* gSA ;g lkIrkfgd djeVksyh dk lcls iqjkuk vkSj lcls Qk;nkiz/ku v[kckj gSA vc rks ikjlckcw ds bl egku Qk;nke; v[kckj dh ns [ kkns [ kh yxHkx iUæg lkIrkfgd&i[kckjh fdLe ds v[kckj djeVksyh ls fudy jgs gSaA ysfdu buesa lcls vf/d iéksa okyk vkSj lcls de Nius okyk ^djeVksyh lekpkj* gh gS] ftlds fuekZrk vkSj funsZ'kd vknj.kh; ikjl ckcw gSaA bl v[kckj dh d÷y vLlh izfr;k¡ Nirh gSaA nl izfr;k¡ vkfQl dkih ds rkSj ij j[kh tkrh gSa] rkfd oDr t:jr dke vk ldsaA nl izfr;k¡ ikjl ckcw dh /eZ dh iRuh ds HkkbZ lizse mBk ys tkrs gSa vkSj dykraj esa v[kckj dk bLrseky cPpksa dk eyew=k lkQ djus ds ifo=k dk;Z esa gksrk gSA 'ks"k izfr;k¡ foKkiuksa vkSj VsaMjksa ds fcyksa ds lkFk layXu gksrh gSaA u dksbZ izfr fdlh dks lizse HksaV dh tkrh gS vkSj u dksbZ izfr 'kgj ds fdlh LVkWy ij gh j[kh tkrh gSA ikjl ckcw dk ;g v[kckj uki&rkSy dj Nirk gS vkSj bls [kqn 26

vxys lIrkg ^djeVksyh lekpkj* esa Nik fd vknj.kh; lekslk izlkn ds tUefnol ij /u bdêk djus dk vkjksi fujk/kj gS vkSj bl ekSds ij ekU;oj fpidø pan vkSj Jherh lqjlk nsoh ds lkFk muds va/k/qa/ 'kjkc ihus dk izlax rks ,dne cscqfu;kn gSA dHkh&dHkh vius HkDrksa dh ckr j[kus ds fy, Jh lekslk izlkn nks&rhu ?kw¡V vo'; xzg.k dj ysrs gSa] D;ksafd HkDrksa ds vkxzg ij rks Hkxoku 'kadj us fo"kiku dj fy;k FkkA 'kjkc rks cgqr NksVh pht gSA ikjl ckcw gh i<+rs gSa] D;ksafd ogh bls vius dE;wVj ij dEikst djrs gSaA v[kckj ds igys i`"B ij LFkkuh; lekpkj Nirs gSaA tSls& ^djeVksyh lekpkj* dk;kZy; esa rqylh ta;rh] ikjl ckcw dh ipiuoha o"kZxk¡B dk t'u] vlkekftd rRoksa }kjk i=kdkj ikjl ckcw dh fiVkbZ oxSjg&oxSjgA nwljs i`"B ij ikjl ckcw ds djedyksa vFkkZr~ dEI;wVjdjksa }kjk fyf[kr lEikndh; gksrk gSA lEikndh; dh ekSfyd fo'ks"krk ;g gksrh gS fd blesa ckjh&ckjh ls jkT; ds fofHké ljdkjh foHkkxksa ds vf/ dkfj;ksa dk xq.kxku fd;k tkrk gSA bl xq.k dhrZu dk Qk;nk ^djeVksyh lekpkj* ds ckdh i`"Bksa ij foKkiu@VsaMj dh 'kDy esa QSyk jgrk gSA foKkiu gh bl v[kckj dh

vkRek gSA foKkiu Nkiuk gh v[kckj dk /eZ gS vkSj foKkiuksa dks cVksj ykuk gh lEikndh; izfrHkk gSA blh Qk;nke; izfrHkk ds tfj, ikjl ckcw us lkjs lalkj ds i=kdkjksa dks foKkiu feyus ds lq[k vkSj foKkiu u feyus ds larki dk cks/ djk;k gSA ikjl ckcw d mn~Hko vkSj fodkl dk vf/dka'k bfrgkl vHkh Hkh fjlpZ dk VkWfid cuk gqvk gSA mUgsa ^djeVksyh lekpkj* ds vkjafHkd fnuksa ls tkuus okyksa dks irk gS fd os ikjl ckcw ds xfnZ'k ds fnu FksA mu fnuksa mudk lkIrkfgd ljdkj

}kjk LohÑr ugha gqvk Fkk] v[kckj d÷y pkj i`"Bksa dks fudVrk Fkk vkSj mlesa cspkjs ikjl ckcw dks b"V fe=kksa dh jpuk,¡ Nkiuh iM+rh FkhaA ysfdu vc ljdkj }kjk ^djeVksyh lekpkj* ds LohÑr gksrs gh Qk;ns gh Qk;ns utj vkus yxs gSaA Qk;nksa dh 'kq:vkr ds lkFk gh mUgksaus ukjk fn;k fd izwQjhfMaXk i=kdkfjrk ds lkFk cykRdkj gSA vc os dsoy foKkiuksa vkSj VsaMjk dh lkQ NikbZ ij è;ku nsrs gSa] 'ks"k lkexzh dk ekfyd Hkxoku gksrk gSA ^djeVksyh lekpkj* esa vf/drj fdlh u fdlh yksdy egkekuo ds ikou pfj=k ij izpqj ek=kk esa dhpM+ mNkyus dk iz;kl Hkh fd;k tkrk gSA bl vad esa Ni x;k fd HkVukxj th ije Hkz"V izk.kh gSa vkSj Qyk¡ eqgYys esa mudh ,d vnn izsfedk dk irk pyk gSA nwljs vad esa Nik fd HkVukxj th egku lkfRod vkneh gSa vkSj mudh izsfedk gS] lks njvly mudh eq¡gcksyh pkph gSA ,d ds ckn ,d 'kgj vkSj jkT; ds lHkh lEekfur ukxfjdksa vkSj ukxfjdkvksa ds lEeku esa ,sls lekpkj Nkius ds dkj.k gh ^djeVksyh lekpkj* esa Qk;nksa dk lqUnjhdj.k gksrk gSA ysfdu dHkh&dHkh ikjl ckcw ds bl v[kckj dks OwbmB©-2012

Qk;ns gh Qk;ns l?ku izfr;ksfxrk dk lkeuk Hkh djuk gh iM+rk gSA ,d ckj ^djeVksyh lekpkj* esa Nik fd turk ds gjfny vtht usrk ekuuh; lekslk izlkn ds tUefnu ij 'kgj ds reke HkDrksa }kjk vusd FkSfy;ksa vkSj fx¶Vksa dks mUgsa lefiZr fd;k x;kA bl volj ij lekslk izlkn th us yksxksa ds fo'ks"k vkxzg ls vkSj vius ckyl[kk pidø Bsdsnkj ds dgus ij ,d&nks ?kw¡V 'kjkc xzg.k dj yh] ftlls lekslk izlkn th dk cjIiu gh flð gksrk gSA bl lekpkj dks djeVksyh ls gh fudyus okys ^djeVksyh U;wt* uked v[kckj us nwljs <ax ls Nkik fd lekslk izlkn xqaMksa ds ljnkj gSa vkSj muds xq.Mksa us 'kgj ds gj bykds ls jaxnkjh olwy dj muds tUefnu ij FkSfy;k¡ HksaV

rk

ÑpîQ>nmV dhaA bl ekSds ij Hkz"V f'kjksef.k lekslk izlkn vkSj muds pje peps fpidø pan Hkjiqj 'kjkc ih jgs FksA bl dk;ZØe esa 'kgj dh pfpZr efgyk lqjlk nsoh mudk lkFk ns jgh FkhaA vxys lIrkg ^djeVksyh lekpkj* esa Nik fd vknj.kh; lekslk izlkn ds tUefnol ij /u bdêk djus dk vkjksi fujk/kj gS vkSj bl ekSds ij ekU;oj fpidø pan vkSj Jherh lqjlk nsoh ds lkFk muds va/k/qa/ 'kjkc ihus dk izlax rks ,dne cscqfu;kn gSA dHkh&dHkh vius HkDrksa dh ckr j[kus ds fy, Jh lekslk izlkn nks&rhu ?kw¡V vo'; xzg.k dj ysrs gSa] D;ksafd HkDrksa ds vkxzg ij rks Hkxoku 'kadj us fo"kiku dj fy;k FkkA 'kjkc rks cgqr NksVh pht gSA

blds ckn rks ^djeVksyh U;wt* vkSj ^djeVksyh lekpkj* ds chp yxkrkj ,sls gh lqUnj&lqUnj izlaxksa dh ppkZ gksrh jghA blls nksuksa gh v[kckjksa dks i;kZIr Qk;nk gqvkA ikjl ckcw dk v[kckj fgUnh i=kdkfjrk ds Qk;nk iz/ku ;qx dk izfrfuf/ v[kckj gS vkSj ;g gky esa foKkiuksa@VsaMjksa dh nj c<+kus ds vkUnksyu esa 'kjhd Hkh gqvk gSA rks /U; gSa ikjl ckcw vkSj /U; gSa mudk ^djeVksyh lekpkj*A i=kdkfjrk ds Qk;nksa dk ykHkk mBkrs gq, lcdks i=kdkfjrk ds Qk;nksa dk Kku ck¡Vus esa muds ;ksxnku ls Hkyk dkSu badkj dj ldrk gSA &f'koe] gfjgj flag jksM] eksjkcknh] jk¡ph&834008 

,sls Fks gekjs (:Lres&fgUn) nkjk flag

dr dk çrhd ekus tkus okys chrs tekus ds 84 o"khZ; e'kgwj vfHkusrk vkSj :Lres fgUn igyoku nkjk flag dk eqacbZ ds foys ikysZ fLFkr 'konkg dsaæ esa vafre laLdkj dj fn;k x;kA vafre laLdkj esa dbZ fQYeh gfLr;ka ekStwn FkhaA nkjk flag dk xq:okj lqcg chekjh ds ckn ;gka muds twgq fLFkr vkokl ij fu/ku gks x;k FkkA muds csVs fcanq nkjk flag us vius firk ds fu/ku ds ckn dgk] ^Qfj'rk pyk x;k vkSj vc og ,d flrkjs dh rjg vkdk'k esa pedsxkA* vLirky esa nkjk dks Mkbfyfll ij j[kk x;k FkkA jkek;.k /kjkokfgd esa guqeku dh Hkwfedk fuHkkus okys nkjk flag dks lkr tqykbZ dks fny dk nkSjk iM+us ds ckn eqacbZ ds / h:HkkbZ vackuh dksfdyk csu vLirky esa

OwbmB©-2012

HkrhZ djk;k x;k FkkA vLirky esa mipkj ds nkSjku muds LokLF; esa dksbZ lq/kj ugha gqvk vkSj MkDVjksa us mUgsa czsu MsM ?kksf"kr dj fn;k FkkA rcmUgsa vLirky ls Nqêh ns nh xbZA blds ckn muds ifjtu mUgsa ?kj ys vk, FksA nkjk flag dh bPNk Fkh fd vafre le; os vius ?kj ij gh jgsaA muds ifjokj esa mudh iRuh o Ng cPps] rhu csVs o rhu csfV;k¡ gSaA ?kj ij Hkh mUgsa osaVhysVj ij j[kk x;k FkkA muds ikfjokfjd MkDVj vkj0ds0 vxzoky us crk;k fd flag ds vafre le; muds ifjokj ds lHkh lnL; muds ikl FksA nqfu;kHkj esa viuh igyokuh ds fy, e'kgwj jgs nkjk flag dks :Lre&,&fgan ds f[krkc ls Hkh uoktk x;k FkkA mUgksaus nqfu;k ds gj e'kgwj igyoku dks mlds gh ns'k ISSN 2231-3079

esa /wy pVkbZ FkhA 1952 esa 'kq: gqvk fQYeh lQj & 1952 esa mUgksaus fQYe baMLVªh esa dne j[ kk vkSj oru ls n wj] n kn k] : Lre& ,& cx n kn ] ' ksj fny] fldanj&,&vkte] jkdk] esjk uke tksdj] enZ vkSj /je&dje tSlh dbZ fQYeksa esa dke fd;k gSA 1980 ds n'kd esa vk, Vhoh /kjkokfgd jkek;.k esa mUgksaus guqeku dh Hkwfedk fuHkkbZ Fkh] ftls dkQh ljkgk x;k FkkA 1928 dks /kjewp xkao esa gqvk Fkk tUe nkjk flag dk tUe 19 uoacj 1928 dks iatkc ds ve`rlj ftys ds /jewp xkao esa fl[k tkV ifjokj esa gqvk FkkA mudh ek¡ dk uke cyoar dkSj vkSj firk dk uke lwjr flag ja/kok FkkA  27

'kks/ vkys[k

ÑpîQ>nmV

Hkkjr esa vkfFkZd ladV pqukSfr;k¡] izHkko ,oa mik; ¹¹Mk0 vuqjk/k oekZ

¹Mk0 ch-,u-flag

^^vukjdyh ge rqEgsa thus ugha ls 2012 ds nkSjku ljdkjh jktLo esa pkj dkj.k gh eqæk dk voewY;u gqvk gSA nsaxs vkSj lyhe rqEgsa ejus ugha nSaxasA** xq.kk o`fð gqbZ] tcfd dtZ 10 xq.kk c<+ fiNys foÙk o"kZ esa 185 vjc MkWyj FkkA vdcj dk ;g dFku Hkkjrh; vFkZO;oLFkk dh ekStqnk gkyr ij lVhd cSBrk gSA fodflr ns'kksa esa gkFk tyk;s cSS S Bs fuos'kd mHkjrh Hkkjrh; vFkZO;oLFkk esa Hkkxhnkj cuuk pkgrs gSaA ysfdu ljdkj ds fcMacukiw.kZ QSlys] ,d ds ckn ,d ubZ eqf'dysa [kM+h djrs tk jgs gaSA vf/dka'k yksx yxHkx gj vkfFkZd ladsrd elyu] fu;kZr] vkS|ksfxd mRiknu] :Ik;s ds ewY;] 'ks;j cktkj lwpdkad vkfFkZd fodkl vkfn esa vk;h fxjkoV ds :>ku dks ysdj fpafrr gSA ftu phtksa dk btkQk gks jgk gS] os gaS eqækLQhfr O;kikj ?kkVk] jkt& dks"kh; ?kkVk vkSj Hkz"Vkpkj o dkyk/uA Hkkjr nqfu;ka esa vkfFkZd egk'kfDr ds :Ik esa mHkjsxk bl vk'kk ds lkFk ubZ vkfFkZd uhfr 24 tqykbZ 1991 esa ykxw fd;k x;kA mnkjhdj.k dh uhfr ij pyrs gq, 20 o"kks± dk yEck oDr xqtjus ds ckotqn vFkZO;oLFkk eqnzkLQhfr] fuEu fodklnj] c<+rh xjhch] vlekurk] csjkstxkjh ds lkFk&lkFk oSf'od vkfFkZd ladV ds Hkoj esa Q¡ldj dksbZ fo'ks"k Qk;nk ugha gqvk gSA mnkjhdj.k dk eq[; mns'; {ks=Ah; vkSj lkekftd vlekurkvksa dks de djuk Fkk] ysfdu nksuksa Lrjksa ij vlQy jghA lq/kj dk ykHk vehjksa ds [kkrs esa x;k] xjhc ds chp [kkbZ fnuksfnu pkSM+h gksrh xbZA fdlh Hkh ?kj ;k ns'k esa vkfFkZd leL;k dk lek/ku yksx [kpZ esa dVkSrh dj ;k fQj vk; esa o`f} dj djrs gSA o"kZ 2004 28

x;kA dekbZ vkSj [kpZ ds chp dk Qklyk vc rd dk lcls mPp Lrj ij gSA vFkZO;oLFkk dh [kjkc gksrh fLFkfr ds nks dkj.k gS& igyk oSf'od vFkZO;oLFkk ds fcxM+rs gkykr vkSj nqljk ljdkj dh foQyrk] ljdkj dh uhfr;ksa esa [kkeh] lq/kjksa ij QSlyksa dk yVdkuk tSlh leL;kvksa ds fodkl ij vlj iM+ jgk gS vFkkZr fjtoZ cSad C;kt nj c<krk x;k] eg¡xkbZ ij dkcq ugha] cpr vkSj fuos'k dh deh] isVªksy dh dherksa esa btkQk] vfu;afa=kr eqækLQhfr] :Ik;ksa esa yxkrkj fxjkoV] 'ks;j cktkj detksj gq,] fodkl dh j¶rkj /heh gqbZ] m|fe;ksa us idM+h fons'k dh jkg] fons'kh fuos'kd ugha vk;s] fo|+qr vkiwfrZ [kkLrkgky] lksus ij fuos'k] Hkz"Vkpkj o dkyk/uA oSf'odj.k ds nkSj esa nqfu;k¡ dh lkjh vFkZO;oLFkk,¡ ,d nqljs ls tqM+ xbZ gS blfy, ,d dk ladV lcdks izHkkfor djrk gSaA Hkkjr dk vf/drj fu;kZr ;wjksi ds ns'kksa dks gh gksrk gSA ;qjksih; ns'kkas ds dtZ ladV o eanh esas Q¡lus ds ckn ek¡x esa deh vkus ds dkj.k fu;kZr izHkkfor gqvk gSA Hkkjrh; vFkZO;oLFkk dks nqfu;k¡ dh vFkZO;oLFkk ls tksM+dj vk;kr&fu;kZr ij izfrca/ [kRe fd;s x;sA 'kqYdksa esa deh dh x;hA bldk eq[; mns'; fu;kZr dks c<+kok nsuk vkSj lkFk esa vkS|ksfxd mRiknu dks c<+kok nsus okys vk;kr dks c<+kuk Fkk] ysfdu ,Slk ugha gks ldkA fu;kZr ds eqdkcys vk;kr gh c<+rk pyk x;kA ftlls O;kij /kVk c<+us yxkA O;kikj /kVk cM+k gksus ds

;g gekjh ldy ?kjsyw mRikn dk djhc 11 izfr'kr gSA ldy ?kjsyw mRikn ;kuh thMhih ns'k dh lhek ds Hkhrj ,d o"kZ ;k frekgh ds vanj lHkh mRikfnr oLrqvksa vkSj lsokvksa ds ewY; ds cjkcj gksrk gSA orZeku esa okLrfod thMhih 52 yk[k djksM+ :Ik;s gSa blesa 2011&12 esa 6-5 izfr'kr dh o`fð gqbZ thMhih fodkl dh nj fiNys ukS o"kksZ esa lcls fupys Lrj ij igq¡p xbZ gS] tcfd fiNys nks o"kks± esa vFkZO;oLFkk esa 84 izfr'kr dh nj esa o`fð dh FkhA ekStqnk foÙk o"kZ 2012&13 ds fy, ljdkj us 76 izfr"kr o`fð nj iqokZuqeku tcfd fo'o cSad us 6-9 izfr'kr o`fð nj gh iqokZuqeku fd;k gSA blds fxjkoV dh fofuekZ.k {ks=k dk fodkl vuqeku ls de] fuos'k esa o`f} 7-8 izfr'kr ls fxjdj 5-5 izfr'kr dk gksuk vkSj fons'kh fuos'kdksa }kjk cktkj ls iSls dh fudklh jgh gSA 60603 :Ik;s o"kZ 2011&12 ds nkSjku dherksa ij izfrO;fDr vk; jgh ;g fiNys o"kZ 2010&11 ds 53331 :Ik;s ls 13 izfr'kr gh T;knk gSA 2-5 fodkl nj foÙk o"kZ 2011&12 ds nkSjku fofuekZ.k {ks=k dh jgh] tcfd blds fiNys o"kZ bl {ks=k us 7-6 izfr"kr dh nj ls o`f} dh FkhA ek¡x vkSj fuos'k esa deh bldh otg jgh gSA 0-9 izfr'kr fodkl nj foÙk o"kZ 2011&12 esa [kuu {ks=k dh jgh tcfd fiNys o"kZ esa ;g 5 izfr"kr FkhA dksy vkoaVu ij gkfy;k fookn bldh otg ekuh tk jgh gSA 2-8 izfr'kr dh nj ls 2011&12 esa Ñf"k mRikn esa c<+ksrjh gqbZ OwbmB©-2012

'kks/ vkys[k tcfd fiNys o"kZ Ñf"k mRikn esa 7 izfr'kr dh nj ls o`f} gqbZ FkhA bl {ks=k esa vkfFkZd gkykr vkxkeh ekulwu ij jgsaxhA o"kZ 2011&12 esa d÷y jktLo 7-7 fVªfy;u dqy [kpZ 13-2 fVªfy;u] d÷y ?kkVk 5-2 fVªfy;u :Ik;s] 4-4 fVªfy;u dh iwfrZ dtZ ls gqbZA o`fð nj esa fxjkoV ls fuEu izHkko vkfFkZd n`f"V ls iM+us yxrs gS tSls& miHkksx esa deh& tks thMhih ds 58-1 izfr'kr ds uhps jgus dh mehn gS bl nkSjku O;; esa deh gksrh gS] D;ksafd C;kt nj Å¡ph gksus ds lkFk&lkFk mRikfnr oLrqvksa dh dhersa c<+ tkrh gSA Å¡ph dher&jkstejksa dh t:jrksa dh yxHkx lHkh phts fiNys o"kZ ls cgqr eg¡xh jgh gS] ftlls yksxksa dk ?kjsyw ctV xM+cM+k x;k gSA ljdkj eqækLQhfr dh nj dks fu;af=kr djus esa vlQy jgha gSA fuos'k esa deh&l[r ekSfæd uhfr] Å¡ph eqækLQhfr vkSj ukdkjkRed uhfr us fuos'kdksa dks fujk'k fd;k gSA iw¡th fuekZ.k dh nj de gks dj thMhih dk 29-5 izfr'kr jg xbZ gS] tcfd fiNys o"kZ ;g 30-4 izfr'kr FkhA vkS|ksfxd fodkl esa deh& m|ksx esa 80 izfr'kr ;ksxnku j[kusoky fofuekZ.k lsDVj yxkrkj ncko esa jgk gSA dEifu;k¡ viuh lk[k cuk;s j[kus vkSj ykHk o vk; dh nj Å¡ph j[kus ds fy, [kpZ esa dVkSrh djrh gSA ykxr dher c<+us vkSj dtZ egaxs gksus ls mRiknu esa deh Hkh vk;sxhA ftlls u;s jkstxkj ds volj lhfer gksaxsA :Ik;s dk voewY;u fiNys 3 eghuksa esa :Ik;s dh dherksa esa 12 izfr'kr dh fxjkoV vkbZ gSA MkWyj ds eqdkcys :Ik;s esa ,frgkfld fxjkoV vk;h gSA :Ik;s dk voewY;u vk;kfrr dPps eky vkSj yksu dks eg¡xh cuk nsrk gSA vk;kr eg¡xk gksus ls O;kij ?kkVk c<+rk gSA Hkkjr dh vFkZO;oLFkk iVjh ls mrj xbZ gS vkSj gkykr dqN 1991 ds vkfFkZd ladV tSls curs tk jgs gSa vxj oDr jgrs lgh dne ugha mBk;s x;s] rks Hkkjr dk gky Hkh iwohZ ,f'k;kbZ ns'kksa tSlk gks tk;sxkA vr% lq/kjks vkSj fuos'k ds okrkoj.k esa lq/kj djds dkjksckfj;ksa esa vkRefo'okl ykSVkdj fuEu izdkj ls vFkZO;oLFkk dh fxjkoV dks jksdus dk iz;kl fd;k tk ldrk gS& OwbmB©-2012

ÑpîQ>nmV

ns'k ds c<+rs vk;kr fcy ij dSaph pykuh gksxhA lcls T;knk fgLlk isVªksfy;e inkFkksZ dk gSA ns'k dh [kir dk 80 izfr'kr vk;kr vkSj isVªksfy;e inkFkksZ dh dher dk vUrZjk"Vªh; cktkj ls tqM+k gksuk bl [krjs dks c<+k nsrk gSA lfClMh dks rkfdZd cukdj flQZ xjhcksa dks feys O;oLFkk djuh gksxhA lkFk gh lkFk isVªksfy;e inkFkksZ ij fuHkZjrk de djus ds fy, ljdkj dks tSo ba/u vkSj uohdj.kh; mtkZ lalk/uksa dh fn'kk esa vkxs c<+uk gksxkA rsy ds ckn lcls T;knk vk;kr dh tkus okyh oLrq lksuk o pkanh gSA lksuk ,d xSj mRiknd oLrq gS] vkfFkZd fodkl ds utfj;s ls fujFkZd fuos'k ekuk tkrk gSA 18]000 Vu lksus ds <sj ij cSBk ftldh dher 900 vjc MkWyj ls T;knk gSA 'ks;j cktkj ds [kjkc izn'kZu ds dkj.k lqjf{kr fuos'k ekudj iSlk >ksad jgs gS ftldh dher vFkZO;oLFkk dks pwdkuh iM+ jgh gSA ljdkj dks fcuk nsj fd;s lksus dk vk;kr grksRlkfgr djus dh t:jr gSA vk;kr fcy esa deh dh mik;ksa ds lkFk gh fu;kZr dks izksRlkgu nsus dh t:jr gSA c<+rs pkyw [kkrs ds /kVs ds dkj.k :Ik;s ij ncko c<+rk tk jgk gS vkSj :Ik;k] MkWyj ds eqdkcys fQlyrk tk jgk gSA fons'kh fuos'kdksa dks vkdf"kZr djus ds fy, Hkwfe] foekuu vkSj [kuu tSls cqfu;knh lsDVjksa esa lq/kjksa dks /kj nsdj iw¡th izokg dks c<+kus dk mik; dh tk, rkfd vkfFkZd lq/kjksa ls fuos'kdksa dk vkxeu] fuos'k ls ukSdfj;ksa dk l`tu] vkf[kjdkj fodklnj esa c<ksrjh vkSj Å¡ph ISSN 2231-3079

fodkl nj feyrh gSA xzkeh.k vFkZO;oLFkk dk fodkl Ñf"k ls gksdj xqtjrk gSA Ñf"k mRiknu esa c<ksrjh djus ds fy, ubZ Ñf"k rduhd ty laj{k.k [kk| izlaLdj.k lewfpr fctyh vkSj Qy lfCt;ksa dks de le; esa cktkj eqgS;k djkuk gksxkA Å¡ph fodkl nj okys iqjkus Lof.kZe nkSj esa ykSVus ds fy, ljdkj dks Hkwfe vf/xzg.k] ba';ksjsa'k ] izkÑfrd lalk/uksa ds vkoaVu] th,lVh] NksVs o e>ksys m|eksa dks fofÙk; lgk;rk vkSj baÝkLVªDpj ifj;kstukvksa esa rsth tSls nqljs nkSj ds lq/kjksa ij vey djuk gksxkA turk dh Ø;&'kfDr dks c<k;s fcuk vFkZO;oLFkk dks iVjh ij ykuk eqf'dy gSA ekax rHkh c<+sxh tc yksxksa ds ikl jkstxkj gksA ;wjks tksu dk dtZ ladV Hkkjrh; vFkZO;oLFkk dks Hkh izHkkfor djsxkA vkj0ch0vkbZ0 }kjk C;kt njksa esa deh dh laHkkouk ugha fn[krhA djksa dh fuEu njsa ljdkjh [kpZ dh {kerk dks lhfer djsxhA bl izdkj ljdkj vkSj vkj0ch0vkbZ0 ds lkeus c<+rh eg¡xkbZ dks jksdus ds lhfer volj gksaxsA eqækLQhfr dks uhps ykus dh dok;n esa fodkl izHkkfor gksxkA vkj0ch0vkbZ0 eg¡xkbZ esa o`fð gksus ds Mj C;kt njksa esa dVkSrh ugha djsxhA vUrjk"Vªh; cktkj esa deksfMVh dh dhersa vHkh Hkh Å¡ps Lrj ij cuh gqbZ gSA b,evkb dh Å¡ph nj miHkksDrk oLrqvksa dks fcØh de dj nsxhA fiNys rhu o"kks± ls gkse yksu dh b,evkb esa btkQk ns[kk x;k gS] ,Sls esa ljdkj ds ikl rkRdkfyd fodYi dkQh de utj vk jgs gSaA tgk¡ fodYi gS ogk¡ ljdkj ,d bap Hkh vkxs c<+us dks 29

'kks/ vkys[k

ÑpîQ>nmV rS;kj ugha gSA felky ds rkSj ij [kqnjk {ks=k esa izR;{k fons'kh fuos'k ;k tehu vf/xzg.k dkuwu tSls izeq[k lq/kj yfEcr gSA yEcs le; ls chek fo/s;d Hkh iM+s gS] tcfd vkS|ksfxd {ks=k ds fy, lalk/uksa dks tqVkus] ifjpkyu ykxr de djus vkSj foy; ,oa vf/xzg.k dks vk/qfud cukus ds fygkt ls ;g csgn vge gSA Hkkjr xjhcksa dk ns'k gS] exj ;gk¡ nqfu;k ds vehj clrs gSA ;g ckr Lohl cSad dh fpV~Bh us lkfcr dj fn;k gSA dkys/u dks vxj ys vk;k tk, rks ns'k dh rdnhj cu ldrh gSA pan ?kaVksa ds Hkhrj ns'k dk lkjk dtZ pqdrk fd;k tk ldrk gS ;k ns'k dks pykus ds fy, cuk;k x;k ctV fcuk VsDl dk rhl o"kks± rd cuk;k tk ldrk gS ;k ns'k esa dksbZ Hkh csjkstxkj ugha jgsxkA

Hkkjr dks fodkl dh ubZ n`f"V viukuh gksxh tks lkekftd U;k;] lekurk vkSj xjhch mUewyu ij dsfUnzr gksA fodkl ds vFkZ'kkL=k dh lerk vkSj lekftd U;k; dsk vFkZ'kkL=k ls tksM+uk gksxk gyk¡fd Hkkjrh; vFkZO;oLFkk dh nqnZ'kk dk vlyh ftEesokj ljdkj gh gS D;ksafd blds ikl lk/u gS] fodYi gS dsoy fu.kZ; ysus dh vko';drk gSA bl Vfu±x le; esa gh ljdkj fld÷M+rh fodkl nj dks 'kq:vkrh nkSj esa [kRe djus ds fy, dne mBkus dk iz;kl djuk gksxkA fodkl nj ukS fQlnh ls T;knk djus dh dksf'k'k gksuh pkfg,A gyk¡fd gekjh vFkZO;oLFkk ftl Å¡pkbZ ij Fkh] ml ij okilh dk dksbZ vklku jkLrk ugha gSA ysfdu fxjkoV dks jksddj okilh dk lQj 'kq: djus dh dksf'k'k gksuh pkfg, rkfd chrs ,d n'kd ls ftl fodkl

nj ds lgkjs oSf'od txr esa Hkkjr ds mn; dh ?kks"k.kk dh tk jgh Fkh og lgh lkfcr gksA lnHkZ ladsr&

1-thvksvkbZ&bdksuksfed losZ ekpZ 12 ubZ fnYyhA 2-MCyq0MCyq0MCyq bdksuksfed MsHksysiesaV MkWV dkWeA 3-pUnu feJk& 23 ebZ 12] izHkkr [kcjA 4-'kadj v;~;j&1 twu 12] izHkkr [kcjA 5-eksgu xq:Lokeh] vFkZ'kkL=kh] 2 twu 12 izH kkr [kcjA 6-vjfoUn dqe kj tSu vkfFkZd i=kdkj 3 twu 12 izH kkr [kcj 7-jktho d÷ekj lfpo 3 twu 12] izHkkr [kcjA 8-nSfud lekpkj if=kdk& 1]4]9 tqu 12A

¹okf.kT; foHkkx] ih0th0lsUVj vkj0,l0ih0 dkWyst] >fj;k] /uckn ¹¹foHkkxk/;{k] ih0th0lsUVj] th0,l0lh0QkWj ohesu te'ksniqjA

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gj lky 46 gtkj yksx lk¡i dkVus ls ejrs gSaA MkW0 tkfdj vyh jtuh'k

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d vè;;u ds vuqlkj Hkkjr esa çfr o"kZ liZna'k ds pyrs ftruh ekSrsa gksrh gSa] os ljdkjh vk¡dM+ksa ls rhu xquk T;knk gSaA lk¡i dkVus ij vf/kdk¡'k yksx lh/ s fdlh MkWDVj ds ikl ugha tkrsA os igys fdlh tgj mrkjusokys vks>k ds ikl tkrs gSaA tgj mrkjus okys vks>k ;w¡ rks fn[kkos ds fy, rjg&rjg dh tM+h&cwfV;k¡ yxkrs gSa] ij os viuk eq[; vL=k tgj mrkjus okys ea=k dks gh crkrs gSaA mnkgj.k ds fy, ckaXykns'k esa fd, x, ,d vè;;u esa ik;k x;k gS fd liZna'k ds f'kdkj ek=k 3 çfr'kr O;fä gh lh/s MkWDVj ds ikl igq¡prs gSaA ;s ifj.kke 30

vesfjdu lkslk;Vh vkWQ Vªkfidy esfMflu ,.M gk;thu dh ,d cSBd esa çLrqr fd;s x;s Fks A blh cS B d es a vkW D lQks M Z fo'ofo|ky; ds MsfoM okWjsy us crk;k fd liZna'k ls gksus okyh okLrfod ekSrksa vkSj ljdkjh vk¡dM+ksa esa cgqr varj gSA okWjsu o lkfFk;ksa us vius vè;;u esa ik;k fd Hkkjr esa gj lky 46 gtkj yksx liZna'k ls ejrs gSa] tcfd ljdkjh vk¡dM+k ek=k 20 gtkj dk gSA liZna'k ls lokZf/d ihfMr {ks=k ,f'k;k] mi&lgkjk vÝhdk rFkk ykfru vejhdk ik, x;s gSaA liZna'k ds vf/dk¡'k ekeys xzkeh.k o xjhc bykdksa esa gksrs gSaA

leL;k dk lcls T;knk çHkko ,sls nwj&njkt bykdksa esa gksus dh otg ls ejht vLirky rd ugha igq¡p ikrsA 'kk;n ;g Hkh ,d çeq[k dkj.k gS fd liZna'k ls ihfMr O;fä ,sls esa vks>kvksa dh 'kj.k esa tkus ds fy, etcwj gksrs gSaA fo'o LokLF; laxBu us liZna'k dks misf{kr dfVca/h; jksx ds :i esa oxhZÑr fd;k gSA okWjys ds vuqlkj ^bDdhloha lnh esa liZna'k misf{kr chekfj;ksa esa ls Hkh lokZf/d misf{kr gSA from-www.ss.samwaad.com  OwbmB©-2012

>kj[kaM lekpkj

tsih,llh ?kksVkyk----

ÑpîQ>nmV

lhchvkbZ us dlk f'kdatk] ?kksVkyscktksa dk NwVk ilhuk

MkW0 lquhy dey

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j[kaM ds ohvkbZih ,oa ohohvkbZih >kj[kaM mPp U;k;ky; ds ml QSlys ls ldrs esa vk x;s gSa] ftl QSlys esa U;k;ky; us ts0ih0,l0lh ?kksVkys dh tk¡p lhchvkbZ ls djkus dks dgk gSA 23 i`"Bksa okys QSlys esa mPPk U;k;ky; us W.P.(PIL) NO- 3594/ 2011 dh lquokbZ djrs gq, 14 twu 2012 dks >kj[kaM mPp U;k;ky ,oa iwjs >kj[kaM ds fy, ,sfrgkfld cuk fn;kA ekuuh; U;k;k/h'k vkj0 ds etsfB;k ,oa ekuuh; U;k;k/h'k Mh0,u0 mikè;k; ds Mcj csap ds vius QSlys ls mu yk[kksa vH;fFkZ;ksa ds psgjs ij jkgr ,ao [kq'kh dh ygj nkSj xbZ tks vH;FkhZ vius dSfj;j dh [kkfrj fnu&jkr ,d dj jkstxkj ds fy, ts0ih0,l0lh0 ls vkl yxk;s gq, gSaA >kj[kaM yksd lsok vk;ksx us vc rd flQZ ukSdfj;k¡ cspus dk gh dke fd;k gSA vycÙkk ts0ih0,l0lh dh ubZ Vhe ls lq/kj dh xqatkb'k mEehn dh tk ldrh gSA 'kq: ds nkSj ls tsih,llh us vius }kjk yh xbZ reke ijh{kkvksa esa Hkkjh vfu;ferrk ,oa dnkpkj ds rjhds viuk, ,oa Hkkjh jde ysd j ijh{kkQy ?kksf"kr fd;kA tsih,llh us izFke flfoy lsok] f}rh; flfoy lsok] r`r h; flfoy lsok] O;k[;krk ik=krk ijh{kk] O;k[;krk fu;qfDr ijh{kk] lgk;d o duh; vfHk;ark fu;qfDr ijh{kk] fpfdRlk fu;qfDr ijh{kk] lgk;d fuca/d fu;qfDr ijh{kk] lgdkfjrk izlkj inkf/dkjh fu;qfDr] cktkj i;Zos{kd ijh{kk] QkesZlh ysDpjj fu;qfDr ijh{kk] fMI;qVh dyDVj lhfer ijh{kk] izkFkfed f'k{kd o vkoklh; fo|ky; f'k{kd fu;qfDr ijh{kk] fo'ofo|ky;ksa esa lgk;d d÷y lfpo ,oa mi&d÷ylfpo dh fu;qfDr ijh{kk vkfn esa

OwbmB©-2012

tqykbZ 2008 ds vad esa izdkf'kr] ^flfoy lsok fu;qfDr esa ?kiyk& cM+s yksaxksa dh cM+h dkyh djrwr*

ebZ 2009 ds vad eas izdkf'kr] ^dyafdr gqvk ts0ih0,l0lh0

te dj HkkbZ&Hkrhtkokn] yk[kksa #i;ksa dk ysu&nsu gqvkA dnkpkj dk eSyk cgko ns[kus dks feykA xyr vkSj v;ksX; vkSj vifo=k yksxksa dks ifo=k inksa ij cSBk fn;kA igyh flfoy lsok ijh{kk esa gj Lrj ij xM+cM+h dh xbZA ijh{kk ls ysdj dkWfi;ksa dh tk¡p o baVO;q rd euilan mEehnokjksa dks fu;e fo:ð ykHk igq¡pkus ds fy, iwoZ vè;{k fnyhi izlkn] ojh; lnL; xksiky flag] 'kkafr nsoh] jk/k xksfoan ukxs' k us vkijkf/d lkft'k jphA bUgksaus ;ksX; yksxksa dk gd ekjkA bUgksaus fu;eks vius Basxs ij j[kkA igyh la;qDr ijh{kk esa d÷y 64 inksa ij fu;qfDr djuh Fkh] fu;ekuqlkj ihVh esa 640 (d÷y in dk 10 xq.kk) mEehnokjksa dks 'kkfey fd;k tkuk Fkk] ys f du 9000 mEehnokjksa dks 'kkfey f;k x;kA blh rjg baVjO;w ds fy, d÷y inksa ds rhu xq.kk ;kuh 194 mEehnokjksa dks bl rjg 52 mEehnokjksa dk p;u djuk Fkk] ysfdu ;pu fd;k x;k ek=k 246 mEehnokjksa dks ghA bl rjg 52 mEehnokjksa dks xyr rjhds ls baVjO;w esa 'kkfey dj ds mÙkh.kZ fd;k x;kA jkeukjk;.k flag] gsek izlkn] vuoj gqlSu] iwue dPNi o ftrsUæ flag eq.Mk dks fu;e fo:ð baVjO;w esa 'kkfey fd;k x;kA tsih,llh us izFke la;qDr izos'k ijh{kk

(flfoy lsok) esa fodykaxksa ds fy, rhu izfr'kr {kSfrt vkj{k.k dk tks izko/ku fd;k x;k gS] mldk vuns[kk djrs gq, tsih,llh esa cSBs gq, LokFkhZ yksxksa us fodykaxksa dk Hkh csnnhZ vkSj cs'kehZ ls gd ekj fn;kA fodykax dksVs esa Hkh iSls ysdj lkekU; yksxksa dks ys fy;kA bu yksxksa us fodykaxrk vf/fu;e 1995 dh [kqy dj /fTt;k¡ mM+kb±A izHkko okys bykds esa iwoZ ojh; lnL; xksiky flag us dkWfi;ksa dh tk¡p djkbZA xksìk dkWyst esa izkè;kid gksu s ds ukrs igyh flfoy lsok dh dkWfi;ksa dks oks xksìk ys x;sA mUgksaus ogk¡ dkWfi;ksa esa te dj xM+cM+h dhA dkWih tk¡pus okys 22 fo'ks"kKksa esa vkB xksìk ds] pkj tkerkM+k ds] N% nqedk ds] rhu nso?kj ds o ,d ikd÷M+ ds FksA ,d fo'ks"kK us fuxjkuh foHkkx dks fyf[kr tkudkjh nh gS fd fo'ks"kKksa dh iwoZ lgefr fy, fcuk gh mÙkj iqfLrdkvksa dh tk¡p ds fy, buds ikl Hkstk x;k Fkk] mUgsa lhycan fyQkQs esa dkWih tk¡pus dk fu;qfDr&i=k Hkh Hkstk x;k FkkA izFke flfoy lsok esa vk;ksx us xM+cM+h dh lHkh lhek yk¡?kh xbZA elyu oSls mEehnokjksa dks Hkh baVjO;w esa 'kkfey dj fy;k] ftUgsa ihVh ijh{kk esa dkSu lk jaSd feyk irk ugha Fkk] ,sls lkr mEehnokjksa dh fu;qfDr dh xbZA fuxkjkuh foHkkx }kjk buds jSad dh tkudkjh ekaxus ij vk;ksx us

ISSN 2231-3079

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>kj[kaM lekpkj

ÑpîQ>nmV bUgsa tkudkjh ugha nhA bu vH;fFkZ;ksa esa Le`rk d÷ekjh] es?kuk :ch dPNi] deys'k ukjk;.k] lq"kek uhye lksjsax] lhek flag] eksguyky ejkaMh o /esUæ d÷ekj flag 'kkfey gSaA f}rh; flfoy lsok esa rks vk;ksx us dkWfi;ksa esa gh uEcj c<+k&c<+kdj vH;fFkZ;ksa ls yk[kksa&djksM+ksa :i, olwysA vk;ksx vH;fFkZ;ksa dks ukSdj'kkg cuk;kA vk;ksx ds vè;{k ,oa lnL;ksa us vius iq=k&iqf=k;ksa] lxslacaf/;ksa dks te dj miÑr fd;kA dk'kh fo|kihB ds fo'ks"kKksa us rks ,DliVZ cu dj yk[kksa&djksM +ksa #i, cuk,¡A ,oa vk;ksx ds dgus ij vk¡[k ew¡n dj dke fd,A >kj[kaM ds ohvkbZih ,oa ohohvkbZih ds vf/dka'k fj'rsnkj jkrksa&jkr LVkj cuk fn, x;sA es/kfo;ksa dh lwph esa muds uke Mky fn, x;sA okLrfod es/ kfo;ksa dh es/k dk [kwu fd;k x;kA O;k[;krk ik=krk ijh{kk (tsV) dh fMfXkz;k¡ yk[kksa esa csph xb±A tsV dh fyf[kr ijh{kk dh dkWfi;ksa esa te dj /ka/yh dh xbZ ,oa ijh{kkvksa ds }kjk uEcj c<+k;s x;sA ckn esa dkWfi;ksa dks xk;c dj fn;k x;kA vk;ksx ds ojh; lnL; xksiky flag us vius iq=k dks tsV Hkh ikl djk;k vkSj oxSj LukrdksÙkj dh fMxzh fy, O;k[;krk ds lk{kRdkj esa Hkh 'kkfey djk;k o O;k[;krk ds in ij ijh{kkQy Hkh ?kksf"kr djkbZA vk;ksx us >kj[akM fu;qfDr fu;ekoyh cuk dj ;wthlh ,DV ,oa lsUVªy ,DV dh /fTt;k¡ mM+kbZA O;k[;krk ds lk{kkRdkj esa te dj /ka/yh gqb ZA v;ksX; ,DliVks± us ogh fd;k] tks vk;ksx us pkgkA dgha&dgha ij fo'ks"kKksa dks Hkh va/sjs esa j[kdj te dkj ywV epkbZA bfrgkl fo"k; esa rks ,d ,DliVZ MkW0 vkjch- flag lk{kkRdkj ysus ds fy, 'kq: ls var rd iwjs Ms<+ eghus rd cus jgsA ,slk gh mnkgj.k lHkh fo"k;ksa es dk;e jgsA fu;er% fo'ks"kK lk{kkRdkj cksMZ esa nks fnu ls T;knk ugha jg ldrsA ysfdu bldh ijokg fdlh us ugha dhA lk{kkRdkj cksMZ esa izksQslj jSad ,oa jhMj ds in ij vklhu O;fDr O;k[;krk dk lk{kkRdkj ys ldrk Fkk] ijUrq ;gk¡ ij rks O;k[;krk us gh O;k[;krk dk lk{kkRdkj fy;kA O;k[;krk ds lk{kkRdkj ds lkeus vk;ksx ds ,d lnL; Hkh v;ksX; Fks] ijUrq os cu cSBs Fks cksMZ ds vè;{kA iwjs cksMZ es vuqlwfpr tkfr] vuqlwfpr tutkfr] fiNM+k oxZ] efgyk ,oa fodykaxksa dk dksbZ Hkh izfrfuf/ ugha FkkA lk{kkRdkj esa te dj dnkpkj dk [ksy gqvkA vH;fFkZ;ksa dks vPNs izn'kZu ds ckn Hkh ugha fy;k x;k] ijUrq flQZ viuk uke crk dj vkus okys vH;FkhZ es/k lwph esa 'kkfey Fks] mUgsa O;k[;krk

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cuk fn;k x;kA oSls fodykax vH;fFkZ;ksa dks fodykax ds vkj{k.k fn, x;s ] ftUgksau s lk{kkRdkj ds fnu fodykaxrk izek.k&i=k tek fd, FksA ijUrq os fodykax gkfl;s ij j[k fn;s x;s] ftUgksaus vius vkosnu ds lkFk fodykaxrk izek.k&i=k tek fd, FksA flðw dkUgks eqewZ fo'ofo|ky; esa rks ,d Hkh fodykax dk p;u ugha fd;k x;kA ckdh lHkh fo'ofo|ky;ksa esa rhu izfr'kr {kSfrt vkj{k.k fn, gh ugha x;sA jkT; fu%'kDrrk vk;qDr lrh'k pUæ us vk;ksx dks i=k fy[k dj fodykax dks rhu izfr'kr vkj{k.k nsus dh ckr dbZ ckj dgh] ijUrq vk;ksx us budh ,d ugha lquhA ftu ijh{kkvksa dh gksxh lhchvkbZ tk¡t 1- f}rh; flfoy lsok ijh{kkA 2- lgk;d vkSj duh; vfHk;ark ijh{kkA 3- izFke flfoy lsok ijh{kkA 4- fo'ofo|ky; esa fMI;wVh jftLVªkjA 5- QkesZlh laLFkku esa izkpk;Z vkSj O;k[;krk fu;qfDrA 6- O;k[;krk ik=krk ijh{kk (tsV)A 7- fo'ofo|ky; O;k[;krk fu;qfDrA 8- izkFkfed f'k{kd fu;qfDr ijh{kkA 9- izFke lhfer flfoy lsok fu;qfDr ijh{kkA 10lgdkfjrk lsok ijh{kkA 11- fpfdRld fu;qfDr ijh{kkA 12- cktkj i;Zos{kdA r`rh; flfoy lsok ds eq[; ijh{kk esa {ks=kh; fo"k;ksa ds vH;fFkZ;ksa ls Hkkjh&Hkjde jde ysdj 80 ls 90 izfr'kr rd uEcj fn;s x;sA ftu Nk=kksa dks {ks=kh; fo"k;ksa esa de uEcj vk x;s Fks] mudh dkWih fQj ls tk¡ph x;h ,oa mUgsa 80 ls 90 izfr'kr rd uEcj ns fn;s x;sA blh otg ls r`rh; flfoy lsok esa T;knkrj {ks=kh; fo"k; ds Nk=k mÙkh.kZ gq, ckdh fo"k;ksa ds Nk=k vPNs izn'kZu ds ckn Hkh gkfl;s ij pys x;sA r`rh; flfoy lsok dh tk¡p Hkh lhchvkbZ ls vo'; gksus pkfg,A nkxh izkè;kidksa dks lk{kkRdkj esa cqyk;k x;kA [kkl otg ls T;knkrj fo'ks"kKksa dks uEcj nsus ds fy, isafly fn;s x;s ,oa gLrk{kj djus ds fy, isuA fo'ks"kKksa ds pys tkus ij vk;ksx isafly ls fn, x;s uEcj dks feVk dj viuh ethZ o t:jr ds eqrkfcd vH;fFkZ;ksa dks ftUgksaus yk[kksa #i, [kpZ fd, Fks] mUgsa isu ls uEcj nsdj ikl dj fn;k x;k] oxSj usV@csV@tsV@ih&,p-Mh@,e-fQy mÙkh.kZ d÷N vH;FkhZ Hkh O;k[;krk cu x;sA O;k[;krk fu;q fDr es a >kj[kaM mPp U;k;ky; ds dsl la[;k&WPS, 1059/2006 ds rgr fn;s x;s QSlys dh ?kksj vogsyuk dh x;hA dbZ i=kdkjksa dks xyr rjhds ls O;k[;krk cuk fn;k x;kA ehfM;k ds yksxksa Hkh O;k[;krk cuk dj ekeys dks nckus dh dksf'k'k dh x;hA ijUrq n`f"Vikr (ekfld if=kdk) us vius dbZ egRoiw.kZ nks vadksa esa

bl egk?kksVkys dh lPpkbZ dks izdkf'kr dj turk ds lkeus ykus dk lkgl fd;kA QyLo:i vk;ksx ds ncax lnL;ksa us n`f"Vikr ds iz/ku laiknd ,oa vkys[k ds ys[kd o i=kdkj dks Hkkjh jde dk izyksHku fn;k] ysfdu ;gk¡ mudh eulk iwjh ugha gksu ij fQj gMjkus dk dke fd;kA blls esa tc mudk dke ugha gqvk rks os yksx dkuwuh uksfVl Hkst dj vknkyrh dkjZokbZ djus dh /edh nhA 250 djksM+ #i;s dk ekugkfu dk Mj fn[kk;k x;k vius uksfVl esaA ysfdu n`f"Vikr vius i=kdkfjrk /eZ dk ikyu ifo=krk ds lkFk fd;kA vius QtZ ds jkLrs ls dHkh fopfyr ugha gqvkA n`f"Vikr ds tqykbZ 2011 ds vad esa izdkf'kr vkys[k dk 'kh"kZd ^oDr dh t:jr gS lhchvkbZ tk¡p* uke ls izdkf'kr fd;k FkkA bl vkys[k ds izHkko ,oa n`f"Vikr ds fof/ lykgdkj o ojh; vf/oDrk jktho d÷ekj us cq ð nso mjk¡ o }kjk tufgr ;kfpdk es a tsih,llh esa leLr Hkz"Vkpkj dh ckrksa dks U;k;ewfrZ vkj-ds- etsfB;k vkSj U;k;k/h'k Mh-,u- mikè;k; dh [kaMihB ds le{k j[kk ,oa lhchvkbZ tk¡p dh ekax dhA [kaMihB u iwjs rF;ksa ds vk/kj ij lhchvkbZ tk¡p ds vkns'k lquk,¡A ;g QSlyk iwjs >kj[kaM ds fy, ,sfrgkfld gSA 1- >kj[kaM csV&usV ,'kksfl,'ku ds }kjk mPp U;k;ky; esa nk;j ;kfpdk WPS, 638/ 2006 esa >kj[kaM yksd lsok vk;ksx us 'kiFk i=k nk;j dj mPp U;k;ky; esa Lohdkj fd;k gS fd o"kZ 2008 esa fu;qDr O;k[;krkvksa ds esfjV fyLV vk;ksx ds ikl ugha gSA 21 fo"k;ksa ds ijh{kkQy esa fdlh Hkh l{ke inkf/dkjh ds gLrk{kj ugha gSA lQy&vlQy mEehnokjksa ds vkosnu izi=k ugha gSA 2- o"kZ2005 esa >kj[kaM yksd lsok vk;ksx us fo'ofo|ky;ksa esa lgk;d d÷ylfpo ,oa mi&d÷ylfpo dh fu;qfDr dh vuq'kalk rks dh ijUrq o"kZ 2004 esa vk;ksx dh foKkiu la[;k& 02 fo-fo-2004] fnukad 01-1120 04 d s v uq : i ug ha f d,A jk¡ ph fo'ofo|ky; esa vuqlwfpr tkfr ds in tks lgk;d d÷ylfpo ds Fks] mls xk;c dj fn;k x;kA fouks ok Hkkos fo'ofo|ky;] gtkjhckx es a lgk;d d÷ y lfpo ,oa mi&d÷y lfpo ds in gh ugha FksA u rks foKkiu esa vkSj u gh fo'ofo|ky; ds iwoZ d÷yifr Lo0 MkW0 cgqjk ,Ddk us gh vf/;kpuk Hkst h FkhA fQj Hkh vk;ksx us bu inksa ij fu;qfDr dh vuq'kalk dj nhA cxSj dksbZ 'kqfði=k izdkf'kr fd, foKkiu esa burk cM+k ifjorZu fd;k gh ugha tk ldrkA

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/uir ds Nk=k&thou dh vkichrh çsepan dh dgkfu;ksa] miU;klksa vkSj vkRedFkkvksa esa fc[kjh iM+h gS& ^^esjh mez vkB lky dh FkhA vius ppsjs HkkbZ gy/j ds lkFk eSa ikl ds xk¡o esa ,d ekSyoh lkgc ds ;gk¡ i<+us tk;k djrk FkkA ge nksuksa lcsjs cklh jksfV;k¡ [kk ysrs] nksigj ds fy, eVj vkSj tkS dk pcsuk ysdj py nsrs FksA fQj rks lkjk fnu viuk FkkA ekSyoh lkgc ds ;gk¡ dksbZ gkftjh dk jftLVj rks Fkk ugha vkSj u xSj&gkftj jgrs_ ij ekSyoh lkgc ls ,slk cgkuk dj nsrs fd mudh p<+h R;ksfj;k¡ mrj tkrh---A firk dk rcknyk xksj[kiqj gqvkA cPps Hkh lkFk x,A xk¡o ds enjls ls 'kgj dk Ldwy vPNk FkkA /uir dh rch;r i<+us esa yx xbZA xqYyh&MaMs dk [ksy ihNs NwV x;kA 'kgjh utkjs vkxs ljd vk,] fdrkcsa pkVus dk pLdk blh mez esa yxkA gtkjksa dgkfu;k¡ vkSj lSdM+ksa NksVs&eksVs miU;kl /uir us blh mez esa i<+ MkysA ;g lkfgR; mnwZ dk FkkA gekjk dgkuhdkj 'kk;n iSnk gks pqdk FkkA jkr dks vdsys esa f<cjh dh efðe jks'kuh esa mlus xYi jpuk 'kq: dj nh FkhA chfl;ksa iésa ;ksa gh fy[k tkuk vkSj mUgsa QkM+ Mkyuk----;g lc fdruk vPNk yxrk gksxk rc /uir dksA mUgha fnuksa firk us 'kknh djok nhA fu'p; gh mlesa lkSrsyh ek¡ dh Hkh jk; jgh gksxhA tks yM+dh /uir ds fy, pquh xbZ Fkh] og /uir dks dHkh ilan ugha vkbZA iq=k ds ik¡oksa esa ^v"V/krq* dh csfM+;k¡ Mkydj eqa'kh vtk;c yky us ges'kk ds fy, vk¡[ks ewan yhA ifjokj ij eqlhcrksa dk igkM+ VwV iM+kA jh lwjr] ?kuh&dkyh HkkSagsa] ij Mk¡Vrh FkhA mls /uir esa cqjkb;k¡ gh viuh bu fnuksa dh n'kk dk oZ.ku çsepan NksVh&NksVh vk¡[ksa] uqdhyh ukd] cM+h&cM+h cqjkb;k¡ nh[krhA us ^thou lkxj* esa fd;k gS& ^^ik¡o esa twrs u dnkfpr~ çsepan vius miU;kl ^deZHkwfe* Fks] nsg ij lkcqr diM+s u FksA eg¡xkbZ vyx vkSj xqNh gqbZ fojy ew¡Nksokyk ;g eqLdjkrk psgjk fdldk gS\ ;g psgjk çsepan dk gSA ds ik=k paædkar ds }kjk [kqn viuh gh O;Fkk FkhA :i, esa chl lsj ds tkS FksA Ldwy esa lk<s yxrk gS] vHkh g¡lusokys gSaA yxrk gS] vHkh lquk jgs gSa& ^^cpiu og mez gS tc balku dh rhu cts Nqêh feyrh FkhA dk'kh ds DohUl eqgCcr dh lcls T;knk t:jr iM+rh gSA ml dkWyst esa i<+rk FkkA gsMekLVj us Qhl ekQ tksjks ds dg&dgs yxk,¡xsA okjk.klh ls pkj ehy nwj yegh esa 'kfuokj] oä ikS/ksa dks rjh fey tk, rks ftUnxh Hkj dj nh FkhA bErgku flj ij Fkk vkSj eSa ck¡l 31 tqykbZ] lu~ 1880 dks /uir jk; dk ds fy, mudh tM+s etcwr gks tkrh gaSA esjh ek¡ QkVd] ,d yM+ds dks i<+kus tkrk FkkA tkM+s tUe gqvkA ek¡&cki us uke j[kk Fkk&/uirA ds nsgkar ds ckn esjh :g dks [kqjkd ugha ds fnu FksA pkj cts igq¡puk FkkA] i<+kdj Ng feyhA ogh Hkw[k esjh ftUnxh gSA** vkSj] ;gh cts Nqêh ikrkA ogk¡ ls esjk ?kj nsgkr esa ik¡p pkpk ykM+&I;kj esa dgk djrs Fks&uokcA firk dk uke Fkk vtk;c jk;! Mkd[kkus dkj.k Fkk fd ckyd /uir ?kj&vk¡xu ls ehy nwj ij FkkA rst pyus ij Hkh vkB cts esa fdjkuh Fks] blh ls yksx mUgsa eqa'kh vtk;c Hkkxdj ckgj [kqys eSnku esa] vejkbZ esa] [ksrksa ls igys ?kj u igq¡p ikrkA çkr% dky vkB yky dgk djrs! ekrk dk uke Fkk&vkuanhA dh rjQ fudy tkrk FkkA lkfFk;ksa ds lkFk cts fQj ?kj ls pyuk iM+rk FkkA dHkh oä vDlj chekj jgrhaA firk dks nok&nk: ls xqYyh&MaMk [ksyrk FkkA isM+ksa ij p<+rk FkkA ij Ldwy u igq¡prkA jkr dks [kkuk [kkdj vke dh dSfj;k¡ pqurk FkkA eVj dh Qfy;k¡ d÷Iih ds lkeus i<+us cSBrk vkSj u tkus dc Qqjlr ugha feyrh FkhA /uir lkr o"kZ dk gh Fkk fd ek¡ py rksM+rk Fkk --- gokbZ fdys cukrk FkkA /u dh lks tkrkA fQj Hkh fgEer ck¡/s jgrkA xjhchA clhA ek¡ ds foNksg us /uir ds cpiu dk xjhch] ?kqVu vkSj :[ksiu ls =kk.k ikus ds fy, firk dh e`R;qA vlkekU; ifjJeA d÷Iih ds lkjk jl lks[k fy;kA dqN o"kZ ckn eqa'kh ckyd /uir us bl rjg ,d lgt jkLrk lkeus cSBdj jkr dh i<+kbZA vktk;c yky us nwljh 'kknh dhA vHkko vkSj fudky fy;k FkkA jksus&[kh>usokyh ifjfLFkfr;ksa tSls&rSls f}rh; Js.kh esa eSfVªd ikl vfHk;ksx rks igys ls Fks gh] foekrk dk fu"Bqj ij ;gk¡ ds dg&dgs gkoh gksus yxsA çsepan us fd;kA xf.kr ls csgn ?kcjkrs FksA b.VjehfM;V O;ogkj Hkh muesa vk feykA ubZ ek¡ ckr&ckr cpiu ls gh eqlhcrksa ij g¡luk lh[kk FkkA esa nks ckj Qsy gq,A fujk'k gksdj ijh{kk dk

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tUe fnol

ÑpîQ>nmV fopkj gh NksM+ fn;kA vkxs pydj nl&ckjg oZ"k ds ckn] tc xf.kr ds fodYi esa nwljk fo"k; ysuk laHko gks x;k rHkh /uir jk; us ;g ijh{kk ikl dhA lu~ 1811 dh ckr gSA gekjs Hkkoh miU;kl&lezkV ds ikl ,d QwVh dkSM+h u FkhA nks fnu ,d&,d iSls dk [kkdj dkVs FksA egktu us m/kj nsus ls bUdkj dj fn;k FkkA cM+h foo'krk ls iqjkuh iqLrdksa dks ysdj ,d iqLrd&foØsrk ds ikl igq¡psA ogha ,d lkSE; iq:"k ls] tks ,d NksVs&ls Ldwy ds ç/kuk?;kid Fks] mudk ifjp; gqvkA mUgksaus budh xjhch vkSj foo'krk ds lkFk gh d÷'kkxzrk vkSj yxu ls çHkkfor gksdj vius ;gk¡ lgk;d v?;kid ds :i esa fu;qä djus dk vk'oklu fn;k vkSj nwljs fnu bUgsa nl :i;s ekfld osru ij fu;qä fd;kA 1911 bZ0 esa ch0 ,0 Hkh dj fy;kA fo"k; fy, Fks&v¡xjsth] Qkjlh] bfrgklA os ,e0 ,0 Hkh djuk pkgrs Fks] dkuwu Hkh i<+uk pkgrs FksA ysfdu ijh{kkvksa dh rjQ ls mnkl gks x, FksA tc meax Fkh rc xf.kr us ck/k igq¡pkbZ] vc tc og ck/k nwj gqbZ] rks thou dk y{; gh cny pqdk FkkA Ldwy ekLVj dk mudk thou Hkkjh ?kqVu vkSj csclh dk thou jgkA rks D;k çsepan dh dgkfu;ksa esa blh dk mYys[k gS\ iafMr paæ/j ds :i ea Loa; çsepan dgrs gS&^^eqnfjlh rks dj yh FkhA fdUrq lnk iNrk;k djrs Fks fd dgk¡ ls bl tatky esa vk Q¡ls\ ;fn fdlh vU; foHkkx esa ukSdjh dh gksrh rks vc rd gkFk esa pkj iSlsa gksrs] vkjke ls thou O;rhr gksrkA ;gk¡ rks eghus&Hkj çrh{kk djus ds ckn dgk iUæg :i;s ns[kus dks feyrs gSaA og Hkh b/j vk,] m/j x,A u [kkus dk lq[k] u iguus dk vkjkeA gels rks etnwj gh HkysA** budh igyh 'kknh pkph foekrk vkSj pkph ds firk dh jk; ls jpkbZ xbZ FkhA yM+dh u dsoy cnlwjr Fkh] cfYd çsepan ls mez esa cM+h Fkh] <hB vkSj ukle> Hkh FkhA ifr ls Hkh yM+rh Fkh vkSj ifr dh lkSrsyh ek¡ ls HkhA nl&ckjg o"kZ rd] ;kuh 1905 rd rks /uir jk; us igyh choh dk lkFk tSls&rSls fuHkk;kA fdUrq tc mlds lkFk ,d fnu Hkh fuHkkuk eqf'dy gks x;k] rks f'kojkuh nsoh uke dh ,d cky&fo?kok ls 'kknh djds /uir jk; us lekt ds lkeus Hkkjh lkgl vkSj vkRecy dk ifjp; fn;kA /uir jk; i<+kdw rks Fks gh] dye Hkh pyus yxhA eSVªhd ikl djus ls igys gh mudks fy[kus dk pLdk yx x;k FkkA i<+kbZ vkSj V~;w'ku vkfn ls tks oä cprk] og lkjk&dk&lkjk 34

fd Lls & dg kf u; k¡ i <+us e s a y xk rsA fdrkch&dgkfu;ksa dk tks Hkh vlj fnekx ij iM+ r k] mls viuh lgt dYiukvks a es a ?kksy&?kksydj eqa'kh th ubZ dFkkoLrq rS;kj djus yxs vkSj og dkxt ij mrjus Hkh yxhA 1901&02 esa muds ,d&nks miU;kl fudysA dgkfu;k¡ 1907 esa fy[kuh 'kq: dhA v¡xjsth esa johUæukFk dh ubZ xYisa i<+h Fkha] eqa'khth us mu xYiksa ds mnwZ :ikarj if=kdkvksa esa NikA igyh dgkuh Fkh ^lalkj dk lcls vueksy jRu* tks 1907 ds dkuiqj ds mnwZ ekfld ^tekuk* esa çdkf'kr gqbZA ^tekuk* esa /uir jk; dh vU; jpukvksa dk çdk'ku 1903&04 ls gh 'kq: gks x;k FkkA 1904 ds var rd ^uokc jk;* tekuk ds LFkkbZ vkSj fof'k"V ys[kd gks pqds FksA pkpk dk I;kj dk uke uokc jk; 'kq: dh jpukvksa ds lkFk o"kks± rd pyrk jgkA fdUrq 1910&11 ^ru* dh tCrh ds lkFk ^uokc jk;* dh uokch [kre gks xbZ] ckn dks ^tekuk* ds ikBdksa dk çsepan ls ifjp; gqvk vkSj ^uokc jk;* u tkus fdl insZ dh vksV esa lnk ds fy, fNi x,A ckr ;g Fkh fd ^lksts oru* dh tCrh ds ckn v¡xjsth ljdkj vkSj mlds fiëwvksa dh utj esa ^uokc jk;* dk¡Vs dh rjg [kVdus yxs FksA dbZ rjg dh ikcafn;k¡ yx xbZ ^uokc jk;* ij ---A ubZ iRuh ds lkFk jgus yxs rc ls fy[kkbZ dk flyflyk te x;kA 1905 ls 1920 ds njE;ku çsepan us cgqr dqN fy[kk&nfl;ksa Nks V s & cM+ s miU;kl] lS d M+ k s dgkfu;k¡ ] i=k&if=kdkvksa esa fuca/k vkSj vkykspuk,¡ Hkh de ugha fy[khaA ekLVjh ds fnuksa esa Hkh fy[krs jgsA Ldwyksa ds lc&fMIVh bUlisDVj FksA vDlj nkSjs ij jguk gksrk FkkA fQj Hkh jkst dqN&u&dqN ysrs FksA chekjh ds fnuksa esa Hkh fNi&fNidj fy[krs FksA iRuh vkSj cPpksa dh utjsa cpkdj fnu esa vkSj jkr esa pkjikbZ ij cSBs&cSBs çsepan ds fy, fy[kuk gh lcls I;kjk dke FkkA dHkh fdlh otg mudh fy[kkbZ NwV tkrh rks muds fy, ;g Hkkjh ltk FkhA 1928 ds ckn T;knkrj os fgUnh esa fy[kus yxsA ^ek/qjh* y[kuÅ ds laiknd gksus ij mudh çfrHkk vkSj ;ksX;rk dh cw¡n&cw¡n fgUnh&lalkj dks feyus yxhA fQj Hkh ^tekuk* dks çsepan dh ekSfyd mnwZ&jpuk,¡ yxkrkj feyrha jghaA vc os viuk futh i=k fudkyuk pkgrs FksA i=k&if=kdk,¡ laikfnr djus dh nh{kk njvly çsepan dks dkuiqj esa gh fey pqdh FkhA lu~ 1905 ls gh ^tekuk* vkSj ^vktkn* ds dkWye mudh dye ds fy, ^[ksy dk

eSnku* cu pqds FksA lu~ 1929&22 esa dk'kh ls fudyusokyh ekfld if=kdk ^eZ;knk* dk laiknu cM+h dq'kyrk ls fd;k FkkA vc os e¡ts gq, i=kdkj FksA Qyr% lu~ 1930 esa ^gal* fudyk vkSj 1932 esa ^tkxj.k* A gn ntsZ dh bZekunkjh vkSj viuh M~;wVh vPNh rjg fuHkkus dh eqLrSnh [kqn rdyhQ >sydj nwljksa dks lq[k igq¡pkus dh yxu] lkS&lkS ca/uksa esa tdM+h gqbZ Hkkjr ekrk dh Lok/hurk ds fy, vkrqjrk] ckgjh vkSj Hkhrjh cqjkbZ;ksa dh rjQ ls yksxksa dks vkxkg j[kus dk ladYi] gj rjg ds 'kks"k.k dk fojks/---- viuh bu [kwfc;ksa ls çsepan [kwc yksdfç; gks mBsA çsepan dk LoHkko cgqr gh fouez FkkA fdUrq muesa LokfHkeku dwV&dwVdj Hkjk FkkA fn[kkok mUgsa fcydqy ilan ugha Fkk& d÷rkZ vkSj /ksrhA 1920 ds ckn xk¡/h Vksih viuk yh FkhA ljdkjh ukSdjh vkSj LokfHkeku esa la?k"kZ pyrk gh jgrk FkkA vkf[kj esa thr gqbZ LokfHkeku dhA 1920 esa ljdkjh lsok ls R;kxi=k ns fn;k vkSj xk¡o tkdj te x,A dye pydkj 40&50 :i;s dh Q÷Vdj ekfld vkenuh gksus yxhA cM+s larks"k vkSj /hjt ls os fnu çsepUn us xqtkjsA 1929 esa dk'kh ds ukeh ns'kHkä ckcw f'koçlkn xqIr us 150 :0 ekfld ij çsepan dks 'eZ;knk* dk laiknd cuk fy;kA igys laiknd ckcw laiw.kkZuan vlg;ksx vkUnksyu esa fxj¶rkj gksdj tsy igq¡p x, FksA ^e;kZnk* dks laHkkyus ds fy, fdlh lq;ksX; laiknd dh vko';drk FkhA 1922 esa laiw.kkZuanth tsy ls NwVs rks mUgsa ^eZ;knk* okyk dke okil feyk ysfdu ckcw f'koçlkn xqIr çsepan dks NksM+uk ugha pkgrs FksA dk'kh ds fo|kihB esa mUgsa Ldwy foHkkx dk gsMekLVj fu;qä dj fn;kA Ms<+&nks o"kZ çsepan dk'kh fo|kihB esa jgs gksaxsA vkxs pydj mUgs a eglwl gqvk fd fo|kihB dks iSls dh raxh gSA blh fLFkfr esa ogk¡ yns jguk mUgsa Bhd ugha t¡pkA nwljh ckr ;g Hkh Fkh fd çsepan Lok/hurk laxzke esa dHkh tsy ugha x, FksA fo|kihB tSlh jk"Vªh; f'k{k.k&laLFkkvksa esa tsy&;k=kk fdlh f'k{kd ds fy, lk/kj.k ;ksX;rk ugha] fo'ks"k ;ksX;rk le>h tkrh FkhA 1923 esa ^ljLorh çsl* pkyq gqvkA çsepan dh vktkn rch;r dks ukSdjh Hkkrh ugha FkhA Lok/hu jgdj fy[kus&i<+us dk /ka/k djuk pkgrs FksA çsl [kksyrs oä muds fnekx esa ;gha ,d ckr Fkh fd viuh fdrkcksa dks vki gh Nkirs jgsaxsA exj çsepan vius çsl dks o"kk±s rd ugha pyk lds] fdrkcksa dk çdk'ku

OwbmB©-2012

tUe fnol djds dkxt vkSj NikbZ&ca/kbZ dk [kpkZ fudkyuk eqf'dy FkkA 1930 rd çsl dh gkyr [kjkc jghA fQj Hkh og çsepan dk ygw ih&ihdj fdlh rjg pyrk jgkA blesa tks dqN dlj Fkh] mls ^gal* vkSj ^tkxj.k* us iwjk dj fn;kA ?kkVk] ?kkVk] ?kkVk vkSj ?kkVk! dtZ] dtZ] dtZ vkSj dtZA ckj&ckj fu'p; djrs Fks fd vc nqckjk ukSdjh ugha djsaxs] viuh fdrkckas ls xqtkjs ds yk;d jde fudy gh vk,xh&ckj&ckj tedj çsl esa cS Brs Fks ] ckj&ckj iqjkuk dtZ iVkdj u, fljs ls e'khu ds iqtks± esa rsy Mkyrs Fks&dke c<+rk Fkk] isj'kkfu;k¡ c<+rh Fkha] cq<+kik Hkh mlh j¶rkj ls vkxs c<+rk tkrk FkkA isV dh chekfj;k¡ ges'kk çsepan ds ihNs iM+h jghA ysfdu fpUrk dk jksx mudk lcls cM+k jksx FkkA ifjokj cM+k FkkA vkenuh deA FkksM+h&cgqr dVkSrh djds f'kojkuh tks Hkh dqN cpkrh] mls vki çsl ds isV esa Mky nsrsA i<+us&fy[kus dk lkjk dke jkr dks djrs FksA ranq:Lrh chp&chp esa VwV tkrh FkhA nok&nok ds fy, f'kojkuh :i;s nsrha rks os ml jde dks Hkh çsl esa [kpZ dj Mkyrs] fQj oS|ksa vkSj gdheks ls lLrh nok,¡ ysrs jgrsA vkjke fcYdqy ugha djrs FksA iwjh uhan lksrs ugha FksA [kkuk Hkh ekeqyh fdLe dk [kkrsA 1936 ds ckn n'kk d÷N cnyh t:jA exj çsepan dk ifjJe vkSj Hkh c<+ x;kA mudk thou ,slk nhi Fkk ftldh ykS efðe ugha] rst çdk'k nsus dks etcwj FkhA ij ml nhi esa dHkh iwjk&iwjk rsy ugha MkykA ykS ges'kk cÙkh ds js'ks dks gh tykrh jghaA mudh cspSuh blhfy, Fkh fd os pkgrs Fks fd thou&nhi dk çdk'k nwj&nwj rd QSys] oä ij QSys] vPNh rjg QSysA viuh lkjh fdrkcsa] viuk lkjk lkfgR; vius çsl esa gh Niokdj lewps ns'k esa QSyk nsuk pkgrs Fksa fdlkuksa] etnwjksa] ;qodksa] fo|kfFkZ;ksa] fL=k;ksa vkSj vNwrksa dh nnZukd ftUnxh dks vk/kj cukdj tks dksbZ Hkh fy[ks] lHkh dqN Nkidj turk dks ltx&lpsr cuk nsus dk ladYi çsepan ds vanj fgyksjsa ys jgk FkkA vf/d ls vf/d fy[krs tkuk] vf/d ls vf/d Nkirs tkuk] vf/d ls vf/d yksxks dks tkx:d cukrs tkuk 'kks"k.k] xqykeh] <+ksx] naHk] LokFkZ] :f<+] vU;k;] vR;kpkj bu lcdh tM+s [kksn Mkyuk vkSj /jrh dks ubZ ekuork ds yk;d cukuk ;gh çsepan dk mís'; FkkA 1934 ds ckn çsepan dks yxus yxk dh vc og nks&pkj o"kZ ls T;knk ugha ft,axsA blls muds vanj fnu&jkr fy[kus dk] fnu&jkr dke djus dh Hkkouk tksj idM+rh xbZA vkthou la?k"kZjr vkSj vHkkoxzLr ys[kd us viuk LokLF; pkSiV dj fy;kA vafre

OwbmB©-2012

ÑpîQ>nmV fnuksa os larjs ysus yxs FksA iF;&ijgst ij Hkh FkksM+k&cgqr è;ku fn;k FkkA ysfdu rc rd ranq:Lrh fcYd÷y :B pqdh FkhA çsepan dks iéw Jhir dh fpUrk Fkh] oéw ve`r dh fpUrk Fkh] cM+h larku eeyk dh fpUrk FkhA jkuh f'kojkuh nsoh dh fpUrk FkhA mUgsa ^gal* dh fpUrk Fkh_ ^tkxj.k* dh fpUrk Fkh] ljLorh çsl dh vkSj çdk'ku dh fpUrk FkhA mUgsa ml Qjkj caxkyh dh fpUrk Fkh] fNi dj fNi ftls lSdM+ksa :i;s fn, Fks----A mUgsa ^tekuk* mnwZ ekfld dh fpUrk Fkh] ejrs ne rd ftlds fy, etewu rjk'krs jgsA mUgsa fpUrk ugha Fkh] rks cl /uir jk; dhA gk¡] çsepan dh fpUrk ugha FkhA os vPNh rjg tkurs Fks fd nqcyk&iryk] yDdM+ ljh[kk ;g chekj vkneh /uir jk; gks ldrk gS] çsepan dksbZ vkSj gksxkA çsepan dHkh chekj ugha iM+sxkA çsepan ges'kk LoLFk jgsxkA çsepan ges'kk ftUnk jgsxkA dgdgs yxkrk jgsxkA rHkh rks gkfu&ykHk dh Hkkoukvksa ls fufyZIr jgdj çsepan var rd fy[krs jgsA uhan ugha vkrh FkhA chekjh c< xbZ FkhA çsl tkuk cUn FkkA fQj Hkh] vki ?kjokyksa dh utjsa cpkdj mB tkrs vkSj dye rsth ls py iM+rh bruh rsth ls fd thou lekIr gksus ls igys gh lc dqN fy[k nsuk pkgrs FksA ^eaxylw=k ds chfl;ksa lQs çsepan us viuh e`R;q'k;k ij fy[ksA ^egktuh lH;rk* vkSj ^dQu* vkSj çxfr'khy ys[kdksa dh igyh dkUÝsUl ds fy, vè;{k dk Hkk"k.k dkQh dqN mUgksaus gesa vius vfUre {k.kksa rd fn;kA ^^eSa etnwj gw¡] ftl fnu u fy[ks ml fnu eq>s jksVh [kkus dk vf/dkj ugha gS** &;s 'kCn muds gksBksa ds dsoy vkHkw"k.k gh u FksA çsepan ds ckjs esa muds nq'eu dh Hkh ;gh /kj.kk gSA 1905 rd vkrs& tkrs çsepan frfyLeh] ;;kjh vkSj dkYifud dgkfu;ksa ds paxqy ls NwVdj jk"Vªh; vkSj ØkfUrdkjh Hkkoukvksa dh nqfu;k esa ços'k dj pqds FksA ^tekuk* ml le; dh jk"Vªh; if=kdk FkhA lHkh dks ns'k dh xqykeh [kVdrh Fkh] fons'kh 'kklu dh lqugjh tathjksa ds xq.k xkusokys xkj ns'kæksfg;ksa ds f[kykQ lHkh ds vUnj uQjr [kkSyrh FkhA 'kke dks ^tekuk* ds n¶rj esa ?kaVksa ns'kHkäksa dk vìk terkA çsepan dks jk"Vªh;rk dh nh{kk blh vìs ij feyh FkhA ,d lk/kj.k dFkkdkj ogha ^;q xæ:"Vk lkfgR;dkj* ds :i esa <yus yxkA cM+h&ls&cM+h ckrksa dks lh/s vkSj la{ksi esa dguk ;k fy[kuk çsepan us ogha lh[kkA 1930 esa çsepan dh dgkfu;ksa dk ,d vkSj ladyu tCr gqvk& ^lej ;k=kk*A çdkf'kr gksrs gh v¡xjsth ljdkj us bl iqLrd dks vkifÙktud ?kksf"kr dj ISSN 2231-3079

fn;kA bl ljLorh çsl ls iqLrd dh lkjh çfr;k¡ mBk ys xbZA 1930 esa çsepan Lo;a jk"Vªh; Lok/hurk vkanksyu esa dwn iM+uk pkgrs FksA lR;kxzfg;ksa dh drkj esa 'kkfey gksdj] iqfyl dh ykfB;ksa ds eqdkcys MVuk pkgrs FksA fdUrq tsy tkus dk mudk euksjFk v/wjk gh jg x;kA iRuh us lkspk&detksj gSa] vDlj chekj gh jgrs gSaA budks tsy ugha tkus nw¡xhA lks os vkxs c<+haA lR;kxzgh efgykvksa dh drkj esa 'kkfey gqb±A fxj¶rkj gksdj vius tRFks ds lkFk tsy igq¡p xb±A çsepan eu elksldj jg x,A etcwjh FkhA ij rlYyh FkhA gj ifjokj ls ,d vkneh dk tsy tkuk gh pkfg,&mu fnuksa ;g Hkkouk tksj idM+ pqdh FkhA ;g nwljh ckr gS fd os dHkh fxj¶rkj ugha gq,] dHkh tsy u x,A exj çsepan Lok/hurk&laxzke ds ,sls lsukifr Fks] ftudh ok.kh us yk[kksa lSfudksa ds ân; esa tks'k Hkj fn;k FkkA Lok/hurk ds fy, turk dh yM+kbZ dk leFkuZ djrs le; çsepan ;g dHkh ugha Hkwys fd vktknh dsoy ,d O;fä ds thou dks lq[ke; ugha cuk,xh] eqëhHkj vknfe;ksa ds fy, gh ,s'kks&vkjke ugha yk,xh&og ^cgqtu&lq[kk;] cgqtu fgrk;* gksxhA fQYeksa ds }kjk turk rd vius lans'kksa dks çHkko'kkyh <ax ls igq¡pkus vkSj lkFk gh vHkkoksa ls eqfä ikus ds fy;s os cacbZ x,A fdUrq /uir dks /uifr;ksa dk lgokl vkSj cacbZ dk çokl jkl ugha vk;k] og mudh vfHkyk"kkvksa dh iwfrZ ugha dj ik;kA 1933 ds eè; esa çsepan cacbZ ls ykSVdj cukjl vk x,A fQj ogh çslA fQj ogh çdk'ku] fQj ogha f?klkbZA jkrksa&jkr tkxdj çsepan us ^xksnku* iwjk fd;kA ^xksnku* Nidj fudy vk;k Fkk fd mudh ys[kuh ^eaxylw=k* ij rsth ls py jgh FkhA ejrs&ejrs çsepan bl miU;kl dks iwjk djuk pkgrs Fks&pkj gh vè;k; fy[k ik, FksA [kkuk ugha gte gksrk FkkA [kwu dh dS djus yxs FksA isV esa ikuh Hkj x;k FkkA nw/] ckyhZ] Qyksa dk jl rd ugha ipk ikrs FksA ij] brus ij Hkh dke djus dh yyd ihNk ugha NksM+rh Fkh] fy[kus dh vfHkyk"kk 'kkar ugha gks ikrh Fkh] ns'k dks vius thou] vuqHko vkSj vius fopkjksa dh vfUre cw¡n rd ns tkus dh bPNk pSu ugha ysus nsrh FkhA 8 vDVwcj 1936] jkr dk fiNyk igjA çsepan us ges'kk ds fy, viuh vk[ksa ew¡n yhaA vHkh lkB ds Hkh ugha gq, FksA 56 oZ"k dh vk;q D;k dksbZ yach vk;q Fkh] la;ksx rks nsf[k,] fo'o ds rhu egku miU;kldkjksa &çsepUn] eSfDle xksdhZ vkSj 'kjRk~pan&dk nsgkolku mlh oZ"k gqvkA 35

i=kdkfjrk fo'ks"k

ÑpîQ>nmV

dc rd ekjs tkrs jgsaxs dye ds flikgh fxjh'k iadt

iw

jh nqfu;k esa i=kdkfjrk dh Lora=krk dh ckrsa gksrh gSa] exj mlh xfr ls i=kdkjksa dh gR;k,¡ Hkh gksrh jgrh gSA ^;wusLdks* ds vkadM+s crkrs gSa fd fiNys nks n'kdksa esa fo'o Hkj esa 560 ls T;knk i=kdkjksa dh gR;k,¡ dj nh xb±A vkSj ;g flyflyk vc rd tkjh gSA lksekfy;k esa blh lky vc rd ik¡p i=kdkj tku ls gkFk /ks cSBs gSaA flQZ blfy;s ds dksbZ Mªx ekfQ;k ds fo#ð fy[k jgk Fkk] rks dksbZ jktuhfrd xqaMksa ds f[kykQ dye pyk jgk FkkA vHkh dqN eghus igys gh lksekfy;k esa ,d ;qok jsfM;ks i=kdkj Qjgku thfel vCnqYyk dks vijkf/;ksa us ekj MkykA yxrk gS iwjh nqfu;k esa 'kkfrj cs[kkSQ ?kwers gSaA ^vfHkO;fä dh Lora=krk* ,d [kwclwjr okD; Hkj gS 'kk;nA i=kdkjksa dks laj{k.k fd dYiuk gh csekuh gks xbZ gSA eSfDldks esa fiNys N% lkyksa esa pkyhl ls vf/d i=kdkj ekj Mkys x,A blh lky vçsy esa ^çkslslks* uked if=kdk dh fjiksVZj jsftuk ekfVZu isjst vius ?kj ij e`r ikbZ xbZA mlds 'kjhj ij cqjh rjg ls ihVs tkus ds fu'kku Fks] mldk lsy Qksu] mldk dEI;wVj Hkh xk;c FkkA blh ?kVuk ls feyrh&tqyrh ?kVuk vius ns'k esa ?kVh Fkh] eè;çns'k ds mefj;k esa] tgk¡ i=kdkj pafædk jk; ds ?kj esa ?kql dj mudh vkSj mudh iRuh rFkk muds nks eklwe cPpksa dh fueZe gR;k dj nh xbZ FkhA eryc ;g ds esfDldks gks ;k Hkkjr dk dksbZ dLck] vijk/h i=kdkj dks fu'kkuk viuk fu'kkuk cuk ldrk gSA nqfu;k ds vusd ns'k ,sls gSa tgk¡] i=kdkjksa dk thou [krjs ls Hkjk gqvk gSA [kkl dj mu i=kdkjksa dk tks Økbe fjiksVZj gS] ;k jktuhfrd vijkf/;ksa ij fujarj fy[krs jgrs 36

gSaA NÙkhlx<+ esa fiNys lky nks i=kdkj ekjs x,A ,d fcykliqj ds lq'khy ikBd vkSj dq:n dLcs ds mes'k jktiwrA cLrj esa dke dj jgs i=kdkjksa dks ,d rjQ uDlyh çrkM+uk feyrh gS] rks nwljh rjg ç'kklfud neu Hkh >syuk iM+rk gSA çsl dh LorU=krk ij vDlj ckrsa gksrh jgrh gSaA ets dh ckr ;g gS fd bl ij os yksx Hkh c<+&p<+ dj vius fopkj j[krs gSa] tks yksx çsl dh LorU=krk ij vadq'k yxkus ds fy;s tkus tkrs gSaA jktuhfr ls tqM+s yksx igys uacj ij j[ks tk ldrs gSaA ysfdu vfHkO;fä ds fy, la?k"kZjr i=kdkjksa us dHkh Hkh bl ca/u dh ijokg ugha dh vkSj tks dqN fy[kk] fgEer ds lkFk fy[kkA ^vfHkO;fä dh Lora=krk* çsl dk viuk vf/dkj gS ysfdu bl vf/dkj dk iwjh nqfu;k esa neu gksrk jgk gSA ftu ns'kksa esa Lora=krk dk nEHk Hkjk tkrk jgk gS] ogk¡ Hkh vfHkO;fä dk xyk ?kksVus dk dke gksrk jgk gSA ^fofdyhDl* tSls oSf'od lwpuk ekè;e gekjs lkeus gSaA vkSj mldk neu vkSj la?k"kZ Hkh geus ns[kkA Hkkjr lfgr nqfu;k ds vuds ns'kksa esa i=kdkjksa

dh gR;k,¡ gksrh jgh gSaA eryc ;g gS fd nqfu;k Hkj esa vfHkO;fä;ksa dk neukRed d÷deZ gksrk jgk gS] fQj Hkh tks yksx lPpkbZ ds iSjksdkj jgs gSa] os fuHkhZd gks dj viuk dke djrs jgsA ;g vkSj ckr gS fd mUgsa ekSrsa feyhaA os 'kghn gq,] ysfdu viuh Lora=krk ls mUgksaus le>kSrk ugha fd;kA nqfu;k esa nl ,sls [krjukd ns'k lwPkhcð fd, x, gSa] tgk¡ i=kdkjksa dk thou ladV esa jgrk gSA ;s ns'k gSa& bjku] cekZ] D;w c k] xq ; kuk] cs y k:l] mTcs f dLrku] ,fjVsfj;k] lmnhvjc] nf{k.k dksfj;k] lhfj;kA oSls phu] Hkkjr] ifdLrku vkSj czkthy Hkh ,sls ns'k ekus tkrs gSa tgk¡] vfHkO;fä ij geys gksrs jgrs gSaA :l vkSj vejhdk tSls rjDdhilan ns'kksa esa Hkh vfHkO;fä ij ladV eaMjkrk jgrk gSA ckotwn blds bu reke ns'kksa ds i=kdkj vius lkE; ls laokn djrs gSa vkSj lp fy[kus dk lkgl djrs jgrs gSaA ,d ckuxh vkids lkeus izLrr gS& fiNys 31 ebZ 2012 dh eè; jkf=k dks >kj[kaM dh jkt/kuh jk¡ph esa ,d osc i=kdkj eqds'k Hkkjrh; dks ,d v[kckj okys ds f[kykQ Nkius dk trhtk Hkksxuk iM+kA eqds'k Hkkjrh;

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i=kdkfjrk fo'ks"k dk nks"k bruk Fkk fd ikWfu;j v[kckj dh izlkj la[;k ij viuh NksVh lh fVIi.kh fy[kh FkhA vkSj ;g Hkh fy[kk Fkk fd ;g v[kckj ljdkj esa cSBs ihvkjMh ds dbZ vf/dkjh laHkkyrs gSaA og bl fy, fd ;g v[kckj lwcs ds eq[;ea=kh Jh vtqZu eq.Mk dk gS] ftldk lapkyu fcfYMj iou ctkt djrs gSaA bl lekpkj ds cso ij Nirs gh eqds'k dks muds edku ls vkradoknh dh rjg nks Fkkuksa dh iqfyl us edku dh Nr ls lksrs esa mBk fy;kA ;g Hkh vk'kadk tkfgj dh tk jgh Fkh fd eqds'k dks dgha eqBHksj ds cgkus ekj u fn;k tk;sA lkSHkkX;o'k ,slk ugha gqvkA vkuu&Qkuu esa vxys fnu 1twu 2012 ds izkr% 10-30 cts lqcg eqds'k dks tsy Hkst fn;k x;kA ysfdu jk¡ph dh dkjiksjsV ehfM;k us bl [kcj dks bl rjg ls Nkik fd eqds'k Hkkjrh; lpeqp esa ,d 'kkfrj] cnek'k vkSj is'ksoj jaxnkj gSA rks ;g gS vkt ds dkjiksjsV ehfM;k dk nksgjk pfj=kA 'kkluu] iz'kklu vkSj ncaxksa dk xBca/u bruk etcwr gS fd etky gS fdlh NksVs i=kdkj dks buds f[kykQ ,d 'kCn cksyus dhA vc rks dyeohjkas dks dkjiksjsV ehfM;k ls [krjk eglwl gksus yxk gSA dkjksiksjsV ehfM;k ljdkj ds lkFk fey dj lPps deZohjksa ds 'keu esa dksbZ dlj ugha NksM+us okyhA Hkfo"; esa rks lekt dks Hkh dkjiksjsV ehfM;k }kjk mRié [krjksa ls lkeuk djuk iMs+xkA okotwn blds ge vk'kkoku vkSj gj [krjksa dk lkeuk djrs gq, i=kdkfjrk ds /eZ dk ikyu djrs jgsaxsA ;g Hkko gekjs vUnj tc rd jgsxk] izsl dh Lora=krk ugha ejsxhA Hkys gh d÷N le; ds fy, ijkLr gks tk;sA i=kdkjksa dh Lora=krk ds fy;s ^çsl Lora=krk vf/dkj fnol* euk;k tkrk gSA rc larks"k gksrk gS fd vfHkO;fä dh vktknh ds loky dks egRo fn;k x;kA gekjs chp tq>k: i=kdkj Hkh jgs gSa] ftUgksaus viuh tku dh ijokg ugha dh] vkSj lp dks lkeus yk dj ,d i=kdkj dk QtZ fuHkk;kA ,sls cgknqj i=kdkj gj dgha feyrs gSaA NksVs dlcs gksa] ;k egkuxj] dyeohjksa us viuh tku dh ijokg fd, cxSj vusd ,slh [kcjsa lkeus ykus dh dksf'k'ksa dha] tks tufgr esa t:jh FkhA nqfu;kHkj esa cM+s&cM+s ?kksVkyksa dks mtkxj djus esa ehfM;k ds yksxksa dk gh gkFk jgk gSA vejhdk ds ^okVjxsV dkaM* ls ysdj Hkkjr ds ^Vw&th* tSls ekeyksa dks lkeus ykus okys i=kdkj gh jgs gSaA vkt i=kdkfjrk cktkjokn dh pisV esa gSA vf/drj ehfM;k ekufld lkSnkxj fdLe

OwbmB©-2012

ÑpîQ>nmV ds yksx gSaA os v[kckj ugha] cM+h nqdku lapkfyr djus dh ekufldrk ls xzLr gSaA bl dkj.k vc ehfM;k dh çkFkfedrk,¡ cny xbZ gSaA vc ^Ldwi* ij de gh è;ku fn;k tkrk gSA lÙkk ls tqM+h [kcjsa igyh çkFkfedrk cu pqdh gSA mlds ckn luluh QSykus okyh [kcjsa gSaA vkSj vc rks ^fLVax* vkijs'ku gksus yxs gSaA usrkvksa] /keZxq#vksa] dykdkjksa ds fLVax vkjijs'kuA bldk eryc i=kdkfjrk ugha] LokFkZ gSA vius Vhoh pSuyksa dh ^Vhvkjih* c<+kus ;k v[kckjksa dh çlkj la[;k c<+kus ds Hkze iSnk djus ds mís'; ls ,sls dke fd, tkrs gSaA gkykafd bldk ykHk lekt dks gh feyrk gS] exj blds ihNs mís'; ifo=k ugha gksrkA i=kdkfjrk ikou mís';ksa dk uke gSA yksd eaxy dk Hkko çeq[k gksuk pkfg,A tc Hkkjr esa i=kdkfjrk dh 'kq#vkr gqbZ rks tsEl vkxLVl fgdh us ;gh fd;k FkkA og vius gh yksxksa dh detksfj;ksa dks] cqjkb;ksa dks lkeus ykus dk dke djrk FkkA mlus vfHkO;fä dh Lora=krk dks çkFkfedrk nhA mldk [kkfe;ktk Hkh mls Hkqxruk iM+k A mls ns'k NksM+us ij etcwj gksuk iM+kA ysfdu tc rd ^fgdh xtV* fudyrk jgk] mlds ekè;e ls vaxzst ljdkj dh vkykspuk,¡ Hkh gksrh jghaA rks] ;g gS gekjh ijEijkA i=kdkfjrk dh ijEijk] çsl dh ijEijk] tgk¡ lp ds fy, la?k"kZ dk ladYi gSA çfrcðrk gSA eqfäcks/ dh e'kgwj dfork gS ^vfHkO;fä ds [krjs mBkus gh gksaxsA rksMus gh gksaxs eB vkSj x<+ lkjs*A bu iafä;ksa ds ys[kd us Hkh dHkh i=kdkfjrk dh vfLerk dks js[kkafdr djus okyh iafä;k¡ fy[kh Fkha fd ^gj gky esa ge lp dk c;ku djsaxs] cgjs rd lqu ysa oks xku djsaxsA [kqn dks vYykg tks ekuus yxs] ,sls gj 'k[l dks balku djsaxs**A çsl dk dke ;gh gS] ysfdu blesa [krjk cgqr gSA D;ksafd tks dgrk gS fd çsl dh Lora=krk gksuh pkfg,] ogh oä vkus ij lcls igys çsl dk neu djuk pkgrk gSA vuqHko ;gh crkrk gS fd tc&tc fdlh çsl ;k i=kdkj us fgEer ds lkFk lp fy[kk] fdlh dh iksy [kksyh] rks yksx mldh tku ds nq'eu cu x,A lekt dk dksbZ Hkh rkdroj oxZ gks] mldh vk¡[kksa dh fdjfdjh cuus okyksa esa çsl igys uacj ij gSA Hkz"Vkpkj ;k ?kksVyksa dh tks [kcjsa lkeus vkrh gSa] muds lkFk Hkh ;gh gksrk gSA [kcj lkeus ykus okys i=kdkjksa ij ihr i=kdkfjrk dk vkjksi e<+ fn;k tkrk gSA viuh cnlwjrh dks Lohdkj ugha djrs vkSj niZ.k dks rksMus esa yx tkrs gSaA blfy, ;g fufoZokn lR; gS fd ISSN 2231-3079

i=kdkfjrk tksf[ke dk gh nwlj uke gSA [kkl dj ,slh i=kdkfjrk tks fe'ku gS] deh'ku ughaA ftlesa ifjorZu dh yyd gSA tks vius vf/dkj dk lgh bLrseky djuk pkgrh gSA ,slh i=kdkfjrk vkSj ,sls i=kdkjksa ds lkeus thou Hkj pqukSrh cuh jgrh gSA dHkh os tku ls gkFk /ksrs gSa] dHkh gkf'k;s ij dj fn, tkrs gSaA dqN v[kckjksa dks NksM+ nsa] rks vc vf/dka'k v[kckjksa esa Ldøi ykirk gSaA ogk¡ jktuhfr dk Lrqfr xku vf/d gSA vilaLÑfr dks c<+kok gSA vkSj ykHk dekus ds fy, v'yhyrk ijkslus okys foKkiu Hkh gSA ,sls laØe.k dky esa ge çsl Lora=krk vf/dkj fnol dks ;kn djrs gSa] rks vkRe&eaFku dk volj Hkh feyrk gS ftlds fy, dHkh jk"Vªdfo eSfFkyh'kj.k xqIr us dgk Fkk fd ^ge dkSu Fks] D;k gks x, vkSj D;k gksaxs vHkh] vkvks fopkjsa vkt fey dj ;s leL;k,¡ lHkh*A vxj çsl ds ikl LorU=krk dk vf/dkj gS] rks gesa ,slk lekt ;k ,slh ljdkj Hkh cukuh gksxh] tks lp dk niZ.k fn[kkus okys yksxksa dks laj{k.k nsA lekt rHkh [kq'kgky gksxk] tc Hkz"Vksa dk inkZQk'k gksxkA vkSj os ifjn`'; ls ckgj dj fn, tk,¡xsA jktuhfr esa] O;oLFkk esa Js"B yksxksa dh la[;k c<uh pkfg,A bl dke esa ehfM;k dk jksy csgn egRoiw.kZ gSA ehfM;k dks feys bl vf/dkj dk jpukRed vkSj bZekunkj bLrseky gksrk jgs] blds fy, t:jh ;g Hkh gS fd lp&lp fy[kus okys i=kdkjksa dks] ;k v[kckjksa dks lekt dk laj{k.k feysA lÙkk dk ughaA lÙkk rks vDlj Hkz"Vkpkj dks çksRlkfgr djrh gSA og i=kdkjksa dks [kjhnus ij rqyh jgrh gSA fQj Hkh larks"k dh ckr gS fd vHkh Hkh ,sls i=kdkj gSa] tks fcdrs ughaA vkSj viuh vafre lkal rd lPpkbZ dks fy[kus dh çfrcðrk fn[kkrs gSaA tc rd ,slh lksp okys i=kdkj ekStwn jgsaxs] vU;k; dk çfrdkj gksrk jgsxkA vkSj lkgfld] bZekunkj] vkSj çfrcð ;kuh fd fe'kuthoh i=kdkfjrk vius gksus dks lkFkZd djrh jgsxhA nqfu;k Hkj ds vusd ns'kksa esa 'kghn i=kdkjksa dks ;kn fd;k tkrk gS vkSj ;g fo'okl Hkh O;ä fd;k tkrk gS fd vfHkO;fä dk neu can gksxk] tks 'kk;n gh vc laHko gS] fQj Hkh ;g larks"k dh ckr gS fd yxHkx lHkh ^d÷N fcdus* okys bl nkSj esa dsoy i=kdkfjrk dk gh ,slk dksuk cpk gS] tgk¡ ifjorZudkeh vkx vc Hkh utj vkrh gSA ;g vkx rc rd lyker jgsxh] tc rd nqfu;k dks csgrj cukus dh dkeuk cph jgxhA 37