Drishtipat 99issue

viuh ckr df© : 9 AH §

% 99

Zdå~a - 2013

tks lq[k nwljs dks nq [ k ns ] og lq[ k ds ;ks X ; ugha

lykgdkj laiknd fxjh'k iadt

iz/ku lEiknd

v#.k dqekj >k

izca/ laiknd ikoZrh flag

lEiknd

fot; jatu

dk;Zdkjh laiknd

fou; dqekj feJ

lgk;d laiknd jru tkyku

izca/u

eerk >k

fnYyh C;wjks

dqekj vfouk'k

fcgkj C;wjks

uoy fd'kksj dqekj

gtkjhckx

MkW0 lquhy dey

Nk;kdkj

v[kkSjh izeksn tkosn fo'ks " k lg;ksx h

Hkksyk flag] ,e-,l- Hkkjrh d÷ekj vuqjkx

c

jkT; esa lc dqN BhdBkd ugha gS

piu ls ,d dgkor lqurk jgk gw¡] ^lejFk ds ukgha nks"k xkslkb±* & bldk vFkZ lkekU; lk gSA ;g dgkor taxy jkt dh vksj b'kkjk djrh gSA laoS/kfud :i ls rks gekjs jkT; vkSj ns'k esa dkuwu lc ds fy, cjkcj gS] ysfdu O;ogkj esa ,slk gS ughaA dkuwu vkSj O;oLFkk ds uke ij vke vkneh ij dgj <k, tkrs gSaA [kkl vkneh ij fo'ks"kkf/dkj ds rgr Ñik cjlk;h tkrh gSA fiNys fnuksa tufgr esa jkT; ds ,d vfr [kkl O;fDr ds vk; ls vf/d laifÙk gksus ds ekeys dks ftl izdkj ls fujLr fd;k x;k] ;g vke vkneh dk fo'okl dkuwu ls fMxkus ds fy, dkQh gS! >kj[kaM 14 lky dk fd'kksj gks x;k gSA ysfdu okLrfod :i ls og vHkh Hkh vius ik¡o ij [kM+k ugha gks ik;k gSA jkT; ds ;qok eqf[k;k jkT; ds yksxksa dks ;g vk'kk fnyk jgs gSa fd fdlh ds lkFk vU;k; ugha gksxkA lc dks cjkcj dk gd feysxkA ysfdu ;g lc dSls gksxk\ blds ckjs esa mUgksaus d÷N ugha crk;kA bl o"kZ LFkkiuk fnol ugha] cfYd LFkkiuk i[kokM+k euk;k x;kA t'u 15 fnuksa rd eukA ysfdu bl t'u esa vke vkneh dh Hkkxhnkjh ugha nh[khA [kkl&[kkl usrk vkSj vf/dkjh gh blesa 'kkfey gq,A gk¡! vke vkneh ds uke ij d÷N etnwj] d÷N c¡/qvk fdLe ds dykdkj] tks [kkl vkneh ds fy, gh iSnk gq, gS] os gh fn[ksA vkSj ljdkj us ;g eku fy;k fd >kj[kaM [kq'kgky gks x;kA jkt/kuh ds gj ftys esa ,d&,d usrk dk psgjk gksfM±x ds ekè;e ls xyh&eqgYys esa fpidk&pedk fn;k x;k] tSls fd >kj[kaM esa flQZ ;gh yksx gSa] vkSj budh gh [kq'kgkyh ls ekuks >kj[kaM ds yksx [kq'kgky gks x;s! >kj[kaM dh jkt/kuh ds d÷N gh nwjh ij xzkeh.k {ks=kksa dk tks gky gS] mls tkdj nsf[k;s] ogk¡ vkfne ;xq dk utkjk ns[kus dks fey tk;sxkA vHkh Hkh lkgqdkjksa }kjk mudk 'kks"k.k tkjh gSA ljdkjh vf/dkfj;ksa vkSj fcpkSfy;ksa ds ekè;e ls muds gd ds lkjs iSls gM+i fy;s tkrs gSaA 'kgj esa yksx rks fdlh izdkj jkst ej&ej dj Hkh th ysrs gSa] ysfdu nwj&njkt ds xk¡oksa dh fLFkfr vktknh ds igys ls Hkh cnrj gSA fodkl dk <ksy ihVus okyh ljdkj xk¡o esa ugha fn[krhA u ikuh dh O;oLFkk] u flapkbZ ds lk/u] u i<+kbZ ds fy, f'k{kky; nq:LrA f'k{kd tks gSa] lks vius bykds esa jg dj Bsds esa Ldøy pyokrs gSa rks LokLF; ds uke ij yksxka s dk d÷Ùks&fcYyh dh rjg bykt fd;k tkrk gS] MkWDVj&ulZ dk dgha ukeksa fu'kku ughaA iyk;u vkSj vkRegR;k&g;Rk Mk;u&fclkgh ds fdLls vke gSA dksbZ tkx:drk ughaA usrk vkSj dLckbZ i=kdkj dk xBtksj rks lcdks 'keZlkj djrk gSaA ifj.kkLo:i xjhc vkfnoklh csfV;k¡ ckgj tkdj nsg cspus dks etcwj gSaA muds fy, dksbZ leqfpr O;oLFkk ugha gS] thus dk lk/u ugha gSA ogha ljdkj 15 fnuksa rd t'u eukrh gS 'kgjksa esa ?kwe&?kwe djA bl t'u dks ^iki* t'u dh laKk nh tk, rks dksbZ Hkwy ugha gksxhA vkf[kj ,slk gksrk D;ksa gSa\ jktxíh ij cSBus okys dks ,slh 'kfDr D;ksa izkIr gS\ vke vkneh ges'kk ls gkf'k;s ij D;ksa <dsy fn;s tkrs gSa\ D;k dfe;k¡ gSa bl O;oLFkk esa fd tks gekjh gh 'kfDr ls thr dj vkus ds ckn vke ls [kkl cu tkrs gSa vkSj gekjh 'kfDr ls thou ikus okys ge ij gh viuh 'kfDr dk xyr bLrseky djrs gSa\ bldk dkj.k gS fd ewy eqík ls vke vkneh dks dkV fn;k x;k gSA jktuhfr Hkh ,d fØdsV dh ^desaVªh* dh rjg gks x;h gSA ,d mnkgj.k ls Li"V gks tk;sxkA ou lsok ls vodk'k izkIr ,d fe=k us eq>ls ,d loky fd;k fd ^vkidk iksfyfVdy okp* NÙkhlx<+ vkSj fnYYkh dks ysdj D;k dgrk gSA bl ckr ls eq>s dkQh xqLlk vk;k ml fe=k ijA eSaus izfr loky fd;k fd vki ;g crkb, fd ns'k ds xk¡oksa] dLcksa esa fdrus etnwjksa ds ?kj esa pwYgk ugha tyk] fdrus cPpksa Hkw[k ls ne rksM+ fn;s] fdruh csfV;ksa dh ckjkr vkt ngst ds dkj.k njokts ls ykSV x;h] fdrus ifjokj bykt ds vHkko esa ijyksd fl/kj x;s mldh lq/ gS vkidks\ crkb,! fQj eSa crkrk gw¡ viuk iksfyfVdy okp! fe=k pqipki fudy fy;sA vkt ewy eqís ls geyksx HkVd x;s gSaA viuh uSfrd vkSj lkekftd ftEesnkjh dks Hkwy x;s gSaA dksjk xIickth vkSj y¶Qkth us ged sa gha dk ugha j[kk gSA blh xSj ftEesnkjh us gesa uiqlad usrk iSnk djus ,oa >syus dks etcwj dj fn;k gSA

vUnj ds i`"Bksa ij

er&vfHker---4 fnYyh esa xks&HkDr Qt S ---5 ihvkjMh dk ljkguh; dk;Z---6 lkfgR; lsok dk ik[kM a --7 vcqvk fn'kkes---8 'kghnkas ds- --9 lkfgR; Qyd---11 fcjlk dk myxqyku---12 jktHkk"kk ,d--15 D;kas fldM ÷ -+--16 xknsku ukedj.k---18 larksa ds dkO;---20 lwj vkSj rqylh---21 uDlyokn ---22 deys'oj dh---24 ukjh dk---27 Hkkjrh; ifjizs{;---28 vfHkeU;q vur---30 fnudj dh--32 f'k{kk dk---34 >kj[kM a ea-s--36 dSyk'kpUæ 'kekZ d-s--39 vifzre fuca/dkj---41 Qk;ns gh Qk;ns---42 eksckby l[;k Lokeh] izdk'kd] eqnzd ,oa laiknd v#.k d÷ekj >k }kjk lHqkk"k fizfVax il zs ] xkMh+[kkuk pkd S ] gjew jkMs] 09031975537@09471760495 jk¡ph&1 ls eqfær ,oa t-s,Q- 8@9] gjew vkoklh; dky W kush] jkp ¡ h- 834002] ls id z kf'kr ,oa laikfnrwgmrak@gmail.com drishtipat@sify.com drishtipathindi@ gmail.co m www.dr ishtipat.c om .fac e bo o k.c om/unkumar ar unes h www.drishtipatpatrika.blogspot.in

nwjHkk"k % 0651&2240194

laikndh; dk;kZy; % ts-,Q- 8@9] gjew vkoklh; dkWZdå~a yksuh] jk¡p-h2013 &834002 ISSN 2231-3079

er&vfHker

vxLr 2013 vkidh jk; n` f "Vikr ds ckjs esa

n`f"Vikr ds rhu vad % ,d ckr fi;oj] lp dg¡w rks dguk iM+sxk fd eaS n`f"Vikr dk fu;fer ikBd ugha g¡wA tc rd ;kuh dHkh&dHkh vad ns[k o i<+ ikrk gw¡A b/j vkidh if=kdk ds rhu vad (vxLr] flrEcj] vDVwcj) yxkrkj ns[kus vkSj i<u+s dk lq;ksx feyk rks viuh izFke izfrfØ;k fy[k Hkst jgk gw¡A er&vfHker ds vUrxZr Nih dbZ fpfë;ksa esa Hkwfj&Hkwfj iz'kalk ds Hkko&fopkj i<+dj yxk fd vkidks ,sls 'kqHkfpUrdksa ds mn~xkjksa ls cpuk pkfg,A rkjhQkas ds ;s dkxth iqy ^n`f"Vikr* dh xfr'khy /kjk dks vkUnksfyr ugha dj ldrsA tgk¡ rd if=kdk dh vUrZoLrq dh ckr gS rks fuLlansg vc lekt&laLÑfr ds cM+s iz'u mlesa txg cuk jgs gSaA blds ckotwn ;g è;ku esa vkrk gS fd ;gk¡ O;aX; dk Loj Å¡pk gS] tcfd fopkj vkSj laosnuk dk Loj vis{k;k efðeA buds chp lejl larqyu fuHks rks csgrjA blh ds esy dh ckr ;g gS fd vkids laikndh; vxzys[k dk Loj oLrqfu"V vkSj xaHkhj gSA rks Hkh fLFkfr;ksa dk ljyhdj.k djrs gq, urhts fudkyus esa tYnhckth Bhd ughaA rks Hkh ;g ekuuk pkfg, fd brus de lalk/u ds cwrs fiNys lksyg o"kks± ds lQj esa vki ;gk¡ rd

igq¡p x;s] ;g dksbZ ekey w h ckr ugha gSA vkt dk le; NksVh vkSj xaHkhj if=kdkvksa ds f[kykQ gSA vius vfLrRo ds fy, mudks dbZ rjg ds nckoksa ls xqtjuk iM+rk gS vkSj dbZ ckj thus ds fy, vokafNr le>kSrs djus iM+rs gSaA pw¡fd vki vius eukscy ls ;g ;qð yM+ jgs gSa] fygktk vki vfHkuUn ds ik=k gaSA iz d kf'kr jpukvks a vkS j vkys [kks a ] fVIif.k;ksa ds ckjs eas vyx ls d÷N ugha fy[k jgk gw¡A rks Hkh vkidk è;ku bl vksj [khapuk pkgrk gw¡ fd gj eghus lekt] jktuhfr] thou] laLÑfr vkSj lkfgR; ds fdlh lkef;d igyw dks mtkxj djus ds fy, vad ;kstuk esa d÷N iés t:j j[ksaA vkSj vius ys[kdksa dh xSyjh dks foLrkj Hkh nsaA

fo|kHkw"k.k

izfreku izdk'ku] f'ko'kfDr ysu] fd'kksjxat] jk¡ph

;g if=kdk mÙkjksÙkj méfr djs ^n`f"Vikr* ds vad 97 esa ^firk thou gS* dfork cgqr vPNh yxhA ^ek¡* ij rks o"kk±s ls dfork,¡ fy[kh tkrh jgh gSa] ysfdu firk ij fy[kh dfork,¡ cgqr de gSA vkse O;kl ^vkse* dk iz;kl ljkguh; vkSj izsj.kkizn gSA vatq pkS/jh vkSj uhjk izekj dh dfork,¡ Hkh eu dks Nw x;haA vU; jpuk,¡ Hkh vPNh gS] fo'ks"kdj lqfprk ckM+k th dk vkys[k] tks ukjh&eqfDr&psruk dks u;s izfreku nsrk gSA larks"k d÷ekj th us fgUnh lkfgR; vkSj L=kh foe'kZ ij ;FkkFkZ izdk'k Mkyk gSA MkW0 nsosUæ izlkn flag us xtyksa dh lgh iM+rky dh gS vkSj vfuy d÷ekj lkgwth us izse dh vo/ kj.kk ij lE;d jks'kuh nh gSA vad 98 esa ckysUnw 'ks[kj frokjh us ukjh 'kfDr dk leqfpr vkdyu fd;k gSA prsuth us dtjh dks iquthfZor fd;k gSA vU; vkys[k Hkh iBuh; gSA ^deys'oj dh ukjh fo"k;d /kj.kk,¡* Hkh izHkkoh gSaA ;g if=kdk mÙkjksÙkj méfr djs] ;gh dkeuk gSA

iwf.kZek dsfM;k ^véiw.kkZ* pSrU;k vikVZesaV] dk¡ds jksM] j¡kphA

^'kqHk laLdkjksa ds vkyksd dk la/kud cuh gqbZ gS n`f"Vikr

^n`f"Vikr* dk uO;re vad izkIr gqvkA >wBs iziap vkSj feF;k izn'kZu ds O;keksg es a Q¡ l s va / kuqdj.koknh lksp ls xz Lr vR;k/qfudrk dks vkbZuk fn[kkus dk dke dj jgh gS ;g if=kdkA xq#nso johUæukFk Bkd÷j dk ,d i|ka'k lnSo Lej.k vkrk jgrk gSA vLrkpy xkeh lw;Z us txrh dks iqdkj dj dgk& ^esjs ckn jks'kuh dk Hkkj dkSu ysxk\* ,d uUgs nhid us flj mBkdj dgk& ^Lokeh] vkids tkus ds ckn jks'kuh dk Hkkj eSa yw¡xkA* fgUnh Hkk"kk vkSj lkfgR; ds fy, lcls cM+ h =kklnh ;g gq bZ fd miHkks Drkoknh ekufldrk us fgUnh dh Js"B i=k&if=kdkvksa dk o/ dj MkykA gekjh Hkk"kk vkSj lkfgR; dh vlhe ftthfo"kk ns [ ks a fd y?kq i=k&if=kdkvksa ds :i esa 'kCn lk/uk dh foy{k.k felky gekjs lkeus gSA ^n`f"Vikr* mlh vuFkd ftthfo"kk dh lkFkZd ifj.kfr gS] tks euq";rk dk e'kky tykrh] 'kqHk laLdkjkas ds vkyksd dk la/kud cuh gqbZ gSA ftl thoV vkSj lR;&fu"Bk ds lkFk v#.k bl dk;Z esa tVqs gq, gS_ og mudh ladYi&'kfDr dks izekf.kr djrh gSA bl if=kdk dk ;gh æ"VkHkko mÙkjksÙkj cuk jgs] blh 'kqHkk'kalk ds lkFk---

Ìrk 'kqDy eksjkcknh

vki Hkh viuh jk; nsa] n`f"Vikr vkidks dSlh yxh\ vki n`f"Vikr ls dSlh vis{kk j[krs gS\ [kqy dj dgsa] Nih lkexzh ij csckd cksysaA vki fy[krs gSa rks vkidk Lokxr gSA iz/ku laiknd n`f"Vikr ts0,Q0 8@9] gjew vkoklh; dkWyksuh] jk¡ph&834002 4

Zdå~a - 2013 ISSN 2231-3079

jk"Vªh; eqík

ehfM;k dks Q÷jlr ugha fd bl vksj >k¡ds

fnYyh esa xkS Hkä QSt vkSj lkfFk;ksa dk vkej.k vu'ku fxjh'k iadt

Hk

kjr esa xks&gR;k ij iw.kZ çfrca/ grsq fnYyh fLFkr traj&earj ij 10 uoEcj ls 9 yksx vkej.k vu'ku dj jgs gASa ;s yksx viuk thou gkse djus dk ladYi ys dj cSBs gSa] exj /k; gS bl ns'k dh ehfM;k ftls Q÷jlr ugha fd oks bu xkS Hkäksa ij ,d fjiksVZ r; S kj djs vkSj fn[kk,A mls okfg;kr ckrksa ij LVksjh djus ls Q÷jlr feys rc u\ ysfdu dksbZ ckr ugh]a Økafrdkjh ehfM;k dh ijokg ugha djrs] os rks viuk dke djrs gaAS ;qok'kfä ds çrhd eksgEen QSt [kku dks vknj&Lusg ls yksx ^HkkbZJh* dg dj Hkh cy q krs gSA QSt ds ckjs esa ;gk¡ eq>s crkuk vPNk yxsxk fd ;g ;qod jk;iqj dk gS vkSj ckY; dky ls gh lkekftd dk;k±s ds fy, lefirZ jgk gSA okn&fookn çfr;kfsxrk] Hkk"k.k çfr;kxsh] ;qok egksRlo oxSjg ds vud s vk;kstuks esa QSt dh mifLFkfr jgrh vk;h gSA vius ns'k ds egkuk;dksa ds thou dk xgjk çHkko Qt S ij iMk+] mls vPNh dfork] vPNs fopkjks us ges'kk çHkkfor fd;k] ,l s s ;o q kvkas ds efqLye lekt ds çfr fdlh dk utfj;k ldkjRed gks tk;sxkA Qt S us eq>s cgqr eku fn;k] mls esjh çjs.kk nsus okyh dfork,¡ Hkh ;kn gSA esjh gh ugha vud s 'kk;jkas dh jpuk,¡ mls dBaLFk gASa ,d cgsrj lksp okys ;qok ds :i esa QSt dks eSa tkurk rks Fkk] exj og xkS ekrk dk bruk cM+k Hkä fudyxsk] bldh dYiuk ugh Fkh] nks lky igys dh ckr gS] tc gSnjkckn ds ,d fo'ofo|ky; esa d÷N Nk=kks }kjk xkS ekal Hk{k.k mRlo euk;k x;k FkkA ml [kcj dks i<+ dj eSaus nq[kh eu ls Qslcqd dh viuh oky ij fy[kk Fkk fd blds fo#ð çn'kZu gkusk pkfg,A esjh ckr dks i<+ dj QSt fopfyr gks x;kA mlus viuh oky ij fy[kk fd vxys fnu eaS /juk

LFky ij vius lkfFk;ks ds lkFk /jus ij cSB jgk gAw¡ mlds bl vk'oku dk urhtk ;g gqvk fd vud s ykxs /juk LFky ij igq¡p x,] efqLye xkS j{kk lfefr ds HkkbZ et q ¶Qj vyh Hkh vius lkfFk;ksa ds lkFk ogk¡ igp q x,A fnu Hkj /juk fn;k x;kA bl ?kVuk ls yksx nax jg x,] 'keZlkj Hkh gq, fd tks dke gesa djuk Fkk] oks Qt S dj jgk gS yfsdu eq>s xkSjo gqvk fd QSt tSls yksx xkS ekrk ds fy, fpfUrr gAS QSt dks tc irk pyk fd eauSs Hkkjrh; xk;kas dh nnq'Zkk ij ,d miU;kl (,d xk; dh vkRedFkk) Hkh fy[kk gS rks mlus mls i<u+s dh bPNk dh] rc eauSs mls ,d çfr lçse HksVa dj nhA ml Ñfr ds dkj.k QSt ds eu esa vkSj mRlkg txk vkSj xkS lsok dh fn'kk esa QSt ds dne d÷N ,sls vkxs c<+s fd og iwjh rjg xkS&e; gh gks x;kA vkSj n'sk Hkj esa ?kew&?kwe dj xkS j{kk ds dke eas yx x;kA QSt us txg&txg tk dj çopu 'kq: fd;k Hkkjrh; laLÑfr dh ckr dh] xkS j{kk ds fy, çfsjr fd;k] eq>s ;g ns[k dj vPNk mlus esjs miU;kl ,d xk; dh vkRedFkk dks Hkh le;&le; ij ;kn fd;kA ;g QSt dh fouezrk gS fd mlus vusd ckj ;g dgk fd fxjh'k iadt ds miU;ke ds dkj.k eq>s xkS j{kk vfHk;ku pykus dh djus dh çsj.kk feyh gSA QSt us vius djds çdk'kd ls miU;kl dh lkS ls T;knk çfr;k [kjhnh vkSj mls lk/oh ÌrEHkjk] xksiky ef.k tl S s vud s fnXxtksa dks HkaVs fd;k] vkt ds tekus eas ,l s k dkSu djrk g\S fdls dh Ñfr dk çpkj djus dk ;g vnH~kqr mnkgj.k gS QSt [kku dk ld a Yi Fkk fd og ns'k esa xkS gR;k ij iw.kZr% çfrcU/ dh ekax dks ys dj vius lkS lkfFk;kas ds lkFk fnYyh ds tarj&eraj vkej.k vu'ku ij cSBsxk] rc eSaus mlds jk;iqj çokl ds nkSjku vk'kadk tkfgj dh Fkh fd brus

5 ISSN 2231-3079

yksx tVq ugha ik;s rks\ rc QSt us dgk Fkk fd dksbZ cSBs ;k uk cSB]s eaS rks cSB¡xwk gh] vkjS ,slk gh gqvk- QSt us dgk Fkk fd oks 10 uoacj dks vkej.k vu'ku ij cSBsxk] mls lkS yksx rks ugha feys] exj [kq'kh dh ckr gS fd mlds lkFk vkB yksx vk x,A ;gk¡ eq>s ;g Hkh crkuk pkfg, fd flfoy bathfu;j js.kqdk 'kekZ us viuh teh&tekbZ ukSdjh NkM s + nh vkSj mlus Hkh QSt ds lkFk da/s ls da/k feyk dj xkS j{kk dk ladYi ys fy;k gS- tarj&earj ij vkej.k vu'ku ij cSBus okys ;s yksx ga&S 1- Jherh latqyrk] 'kekZ vkxjk (mÙkj çns'k) 2- Jh thrUsæ HkkxZo] lqtkuxM+ (jktLFkku)A 3- Lokeh ';kek';ke th egkjkt] vkxjk (mÙkj çns'k)A 4- Jh mÙke çdk'k] lqtkuxM+ (jktLFkku)A 5- eksgEen QSt [kku] jk;iqj (NÙkhlx<)+ 6- Jh ed q 'sk d÷ekj R;kxh] vkxjk (mÙkj çns'k)A 7- vktkn c`tiky 'kek]Z dq#{ks= (gfj;k.kk)A 8- Jh cklqnso'kj.k f=kikBh] yfyriqj (cnqay s [kaM)A 8- Jh vjfoUn Hkkjr] Jhjaxiêue (dukVZd) ç.kE; gh gAS x# q xksfcan fl?ak th us dgk Fkk ] ^^lok yk[k ls ,d yM+kÅ]¡ xq: xksfoUn rc dgkÅ¡A** xkS lsok ds fy, vkej.k vu'ku ij cSBs ;s yksx bfrgkl cuk pd q s gS] n'sk ds fofHkUu fgLlks ls vkdj ;s xkS ekrk ds Hkä viuh tku dh ijokg u dj ds vu'ku ij cSB x, gSA ;g fdrus xoZ dh ckr gS fd Qt S vkSj muds lkfFk;kas dk leFkZu djus ds fy, dksydrk esa lq'khy d÷ekj ik.Ms vkSj muds dN ÷ lkFkh Hkh vu'ku ij cSB x, gSA dk'k] fnYyh vkSj dksydrk dh rjg ns'k ds vU; 'kgjkas esa Hkh ,sls vu'ku 'k: q gks ikrAs e> q s mEehn gS fd QSt vkjS muds reke lkfFk;ksa dh egsur jax yk,xh vkSj ,d fnu iwjs ns'k xkS gR;k ij i.wkZ çfrcU/A dh ekxa dks yd s j yksx

'ks"k Hkkx i`"B 14 ij Zdå~a - 2013

fodkl dk;Z

ç

lwpuk ,oa tulaidZ foHkkx dk ljkguh; iz;kl

sl dks yksdra=k dk pkSFkk LraHk ekuk tkrk gS vkSj çsl dh xfjek cuk, j[kus esa i=kdkj blesa vge~ Hkwfedk fuHkkrs gSaA i=kdkjksa dh blh Hkwfedk dks cuk, j[kus vkSj mUgsa çksRlkgu nsus ds mís'; ls çsl fnol ds ekSds ij lwpuk ,oa tulaidZ foHkkx] >kj[kaM us lkewfgd i=kdkj chek ;kstuk dh 'kq:vkr dh gSA chek jkf'k ik¡p yk[k #i;s dh gSA bl ;kstuk ds rgr 75 çfr'kr jkf'k ljdkj ogu djsxh vkSj 25 çfr'kr jkf'k chek /kjh i=kdkj Loa; HkjsaxsA bl ;kstuk esa jkT; ds xSj ekU;rk çkIr ,oa ekU;rk çkIr nksuksa rjg ds i=dkj lfEefyr gks ldrs gSaA chek ;kstuk dk 'kqHkkajHk djrs gq, eq[;ea=h Jh gsear lksjsu us dgk fd lekt dks jkg fn[kkus esa çsl dh vge Hkwfedk gSA bldk çHkko iwjs lekt ij iM+rk gSA lekt dks fn'kk nsus ,oa mls fodkl ds jkLrs ij ykus ds vius nkf;Ro dks lHkh dks fuHkkuk gksxkA fodkl ek= ljdkj dk nkf;Ro ugha gS cfYd iwjs lekt dk nkf;Ro gSA mUgksaus dgk

fd eSa u rks pqukSfr;ksa ls Mjrk gw¡ vkSj u gh mlds ifj.kke ls Mjrk gw¡A ;fn Mjrk gw¡ rks cl xyr dke ls Mjrk gw¡A >kj[k.M ds xBu ds 13 lky ds nkSjku D;k gqvk bldh x.kuk csdkj gSA vkxs c<+us dh bPNk 'kfä ds lkFk ç;kl djrs jguk vko';d gSA ftlesa vc rd vki lcdk lg;ksx] ekxZ n'kZu xEHkhjrk ds lkFk feyrk jgk gSA ;g lg;ksx feyrk jgs rks vki vkSj ge feydj bl jkT; dks ,oa bl jkT; esa jgus okys çR;sd oxZ dks mudh eafty rd igq¡pkus esa vo'; dke;kc gksaxsA bl ekSds ij lwpuk ,oa tu&lEidZ foHkkx ds funs'kd Jh vo/s'k dqekj ikaMs; ,oa us'kuy bU';ksjsal dEiuh ds chp le>kSrs i=k ij gLrk{kfjr fd;k x;k vkSj lwpuk ,oa tu&lEidZ foHkkx }kjk ehfM;k Qsyksf'ki ;kstuk ds 72 'kks/kfFkZ;ksa dks çek.k i=k ,oa Qsyksf'ki jkf'k dk Hkh forj.k fd;k x;kA ipkl gtkj :i;s dh bl ;kstuk ds rgr iwoZ esa lHkh 'kks/kfFkZ;ksa dks iUæg gtkj #i;s

dh jkf'k ns nh xbZ Fkh vkSj bl dk;ZØe ds nkSjku ckdh ds iSarhl gtkj :i;s dk psd çnku fd;k x;kA xkSjryc gS fd >kj[kaM ljdkj ds lwpuk ,oa tu laidZ foHkkx }kjk 'kks/ ,oa vUos"k.k dk;Z gsrq lapkfyr ehfM;k Qsyksf'ki vokMZ 50 gtkj #i;s dk Fkk] ftlesa p;fur çR;sd i=kdkjksa dks 'kks/ dk;Z çkjaHk djus ds fy, vfxze ds rkSj ij 15 gtkj #i;s çnku fd;k x;k FkkA jk¡ph fo'ofo|ky; ds vk;ZHkê lHkkxkj esa vk;ksftr jk"Vªh; çsl fnol&lg&LFkkiuk i[kokM+k 2013 dk;ZØe ds volj ij vkbZih-vkj-Mh dh vksj ls ^fodkl esa ehfM;k ,oa ljdkj dh Hkwfedk* ij lsfeukj dk Hkh vk;kstu fd;k x;kA lsfeukj esa foÙk ea=kh Jh jktsUæ çlkn flag] eq[; lfpo Jh vkj0,l0'kekZ] lkaln Jh lqcks/ dkUr lgk;] eq[;ea=kh ds jktuhfrd lykgdkj Jh fgeka'kq 'ks[kj pkS/jh] jk¡ph ,Dlçsl ds ç/ku lEiknd Jh cychj nÙk] lUekxZ ds ç/ku lEiknd Jh cStukFk feJ] [kcj ea=k ds ç/ku lEiknd Jh gfjukjk;.k flag] çHkkr [kcj ds ofj"B lEiknd Jh vuqt d÷ekj flUgk] pSuy çeq[k (egqvk) Jh fd'kksj d÷ekj ekyoh; lfgr vU; yksxksa us ^fodkl esa ehfM;k ,oa ljdkj dh Hkwfedk* fo"k; ij vius fopkj O;ä fd,A foÙk ea=h Jh jktsUæ çlkn flag us dgk fd lekt ds cnyko esa ehfM;k dh egRoiw.kZ Hkwfedk gSA ehfM;k }kjk ekxZn'kZu feyrk gS ftlij fodkl gsrq ubZ ;kstukvksa dk fu/kZj.k gks ldrk gSA eq[; lfpo Jh vkj0,l0'kekZ us dgk fd laokn dh ijEijk cgqr vPNh gSA laokn ljdkj vkSj ehfM;k gh ugha vU; ek/;eksa esa Hkh gksuk pkfg,A fodkl esa ehfM;k dh lh/kh Hkwfedk gks ;k u gks ijUrq ekgkSy dks cukus esa ehfM;k dh cgqr cM+h Hkwfedk gSA jkT; ds i=kdkjksa dks çksRlkgu nsus ds mís'; ls lwpuk ,oa tulaidZ foHkkx dk ;g ç;kl ljkguh; gS] bldh ftruh rkjhQ dh tk, oks de gSA blls i=kdkjksa dks foÙkh; enn ds lkFk u, fo"k;ksa ij 'kks/ djus ds fy, lwpuk ,oa tulaidZ foHkkx dh vksj ls çksRlkfgr fd;k tkrk gSA lkewfgd i=kdkj chek ;kstuk dh 'kq:vkr djds vkbZihvkjMh us jkT; ds i=kdkjksa dks ,d gkSlyk fn;k gS] ftlls oks fuHkZ; gksdj vc viuk dke vkSj yxu ,o esgur ls djsaxsA 6

Zdå~a - 2013 ISSN 2231-3079

iqjLdkj&iqjLdkj

jktHkk"kk foHkkx dk dfj'ek

fnyhi rsrjos

>kj[k.M esa cgqr de le; esa cgqr

lkjh ljdkjsa cuha vkjS vkSa/se¡qg fxjhAa ysfdu] fdlh ljdkj us viuh fiNyh ljdkjksa ds bfrgkl&Hkwxksy ls dksbZ lh[k ugha yh vkSj u dHkh lEgyus dh dksf'k'k gh dhA lHkh ljdkjksa ds lapkydksa us vius fodkl ds dSys.Mj vkSj çkFkfedrk,¡ r; dhaA lHkh ljdkjksa ds vusd eaf=k;ksa us viuh gh ljdkj dh bruh [kcj yh fd foi{k dks viuh Hkwfedk gh le> esa ugha vkbZA vxj ;gk¡ dksbZ dke lqpk# :i ls pyk rks] og Fkk Hkz"Vkpkj dk dkeA ;gk¡ Hkz"Vkpkj jktuhfr dh cksyh ls ekud Hkk"kk cu xbZ vkSj vke tukas dh fofHké cksfy;k¡ Hkk"kk rks ugha cuha] cfYd muds Åij ljdkj ds lapkydksa us lkbysalj yxk fn, ;k vke tuksa dh cksfy;ksa ls cpus ds ok;l çwQ pSEcj cuok fy,A vkt rd >kj[k.M ljdkj fofHké Hkk"kkvks¡ ds fy, vdkneh ugha xfBr dj ikb± vkSj ,d ea=kh th us ?kks"k.kk dj nh fd Hkkstiqjh vkjS exgh cksfy;k¡ gSa Hkk"kk,¡ ugha vkSj mudks viuh ekr`Hkk"kk d÷M[qk (vxj vkrh gks rks) mldk Hkh ekudhdj.k vkt rd vxj gqvk gS] rks bldk vrkirk Hkh 'kk;n mudks gh gkxskA fQj Hkh] ljdkj ds jkt Hkk"kk foHkkx ds ,d vkdk dks fny dj x;k fd fganh ds ik¡p lkfgR;dkjksa dh lqf/ yh tk,A mudks ,d gydh lh cspkjh FkSyh ds lkFk] lky esa ,d fnu cqyk dj Hkk"k.k fiyk;k tk,A ysfdu] leL;k ;g Fkh fd foHkkx ds ikl bl ckr dh tkudkjh gh ugha Fkh fd >kj[k.M esa dksbZ fganh dk lkfgR;dkj gSA ,d lkgc us foHkkx ds vkdk ls dgk] ^lj] tgk¡ rd esjh tkudkjh gS] >kj[k.M eas fganh ds jkbVj

>kj[k.M esa fganh lkfgR; lsok lEeku dk ik[k.M dFkkdkj vkSj varjkZ"Vªh; iqjLdkj nsus okyh lfefr ds lfpo rstsUæ 'kekZ us eq>s ,d fVIi.kh el S st dh FkhA ml eSlst ls eSa ,d uke gVk dj mldh txg ^d[kx* fy[k jgk gw¡] D;ksfad ml uke ls vki ifjfpr gSa vkSj gekjh >kj[kaM dh ljdkj Hkh gSa gh ugha---dfg, rks fcgkj ;k caxky ls dkWy dj ysaA* ^ugha] vki >kj[k.M ds fo'ofo|ky;ksa ds fganh ds çksQsljksa ls fefy,] vkidks nks&pkj uke rks fey gh tk,¡xs---vjs gekjs ikl gj fnu brus&brus ,Iyhds'ku fganh esa vk jgs gSa---tks yksx fganh esa ,fIyds'ku fy[k ldrs gSa] mueas gh fganh dk lkfgR;dkj gksxkA* ^lj vkidh ckr ls eq>s ,d vkbfM;k fey jgk gS---ge U;wtisijksa esa ,sM ns nrss gaS fd jkt Hkk"kk foHkkx Qkbo ;k bysou FkkmtUM #iht dk HkkjhHkM+de iqjLdkj fganh ds mu >kj[kaMh lkfgR;dkjksa dks nsxk tks foHkkx dks vius ck;ksMkVk ds lkFk iqjLdkj ikus ds fy, gkFk tksM+ dj ,Iyhds'ku lsaM djsaxsA* vkdk th cgrq cqfðeku FksA mUgksaus flj [kqtykrs gq, dgk] ^ysfdu] mu ,Iyhds'kuksa ls ge ikp ¡ dks dSls ijqLdkj ds fy, flysDV djasxs\* ^lj] ge fganh ds fdlh çksQslj dks dgrs gSa fd os vius eu ls ik¡p N% fnXxt yksxksa dh ,d dfeVh cuk ysa vkSj fQj gekjs foHkkx ds fy, Qkbo jkbVjksa dks flysDV dj] fyLV ns nsa-* ^vjs] ,slk gksus ij rks dfeVh rkuk'kkg gks tk,xhA eSa D;k ?kkl Nhyus ds fy, foHkkx dk vkdk gw¡\ vxj esjk eu fdlh ij <y x;k rks] eSa ml cspkjs ;k cspkjh dks iqjLdkj rks ns ugha ikÅ¡xk---A*

7 ISSN 2231-3079

^lj] vki Qkbo dh fyfeV esa ;k Qkbo fyfeV ls ckgj tk dj ftl cspkjs ;k cspkjh lkfgR;dkj ij vklkjke dh rjg VkWpZ ekj nsaxs] ge mudks dfeVh dh lykg ds fcuk gh ijqLdkj ns nsaxAs ckn esa dfeVh ds yksxksa ls [kkukiwfrZ djok dj ml iqjLdkj dks tfLVQkbZ djok ysaxsA* cl fQj D;k Fkk] jkt Hkk"kk foHkkx us ,d lsysD'ku dfeVh cuk yh vkSj iqjLdkj nsus dh ijaijk dh cqfu;kn iM+ xbZ vkSj nks lsV ds lkfgR;dkjksa dks iqjLdkj fn;k tkus yxk---igys ls V es a de vçks p okys lkfgR;dkj] foFk ,Iyhds'ku vkSj nwljs lsV esa jktHkk"kk foHkkx ij jkt djus okys ls Mk;js D V vçks p j[kus okys ] fonkmV ,Iyhds'ku---iqjLdkj ds p;fur vkSj euksuhr gksus yxsA* jktHkk"kk foHkkx ds ,d iqjLdkj lekjksg esa ,sls gh pyk x;k rks ik;k fd ik¡p lkfgR;dkjksa dks iqjLÑr dj fn;k rks vkdk lkgc us vf/dkfj;ksa dh vksj iSuh utj ls ns[krs gq, dgk fd nsoh th cSBh gSa rks muds fy, iqjLdkj dgk¡ gS\ rRdky iqjLdkj jkf'k dh O;oLFkk dj nh xbZ vkSj rRdky ijqLdkj çnku dj fn;k x;k] tSls iqjLdkj u fn;k tk jgk gks jsyos dk rRdky fVdV bUVjusV ij cqd fd;k tk jgk gksA ol S s] vkdk egksn; dks lkfgR; dk ukWyst dHkh jgk ugha gS] ysfdu nsoh th dh lqanjrk ds ihNs lkfgR;

'ks"k Hkkx i`"B 40 ij Zdå~a - 2013

LFkkiuk fo'ks"k

vcqvk fn'kkse vcqvk jkt dk liuk dc gksxk iwjk\ n`f"Vikr U;wt MsLd >kj[kM a + jkT; viuh LFkkiuk ds 14osa o"kZ esa 15 uoc a j dks izos'k dj x;k 13 o"kksa± ds bl dky eas jkT; esa 9 eq[;eaf=k;ksa vkSj rhu ckj izlhMVsa :y dks n[skk cfYd ;wa dgk tk, dh ^>y s k* rks vfr';ksfDr ugha gkxshA vdør izkÑfrd laink vkSj fodkl dh laHkkouk,a jkT; eas Hkjiwj gksus ds ckn Hkh vke vkneh vkt Hkh ogha [kMk+ gS tgk¡ 13 o"kZ igys FkkA jkT; es a fodkl dh laHkkoukvksa dk fdz;kUo;u ugha gksus dk ize[qk dkj.k ikzÑfrd liank ds fodkl esa nksgu ds fy, cqfu;knh <k¡pk [kM+k u gks ikuk jgk gAS usrk vkSj ukd S j'kkg ds xBtkM s + ls ikzÑfrd laink vkjS Hkw&[kfutksa dk ywVuk gh edln cuk fy;k x;k ftldk lh/k izHkko ;g iM+k fd m|ksxifr >kj[kM a + esa fuos'k ds uke ij e¡qg fopdkrs utj vkrs gSA bl izns'k esa okf.kT; vkjS m|ksx dks xfr ugha fey ldh gSA foxr 13 o"kks± esa lM+d] fctyh] is;ty lfgr v/ kslajpuk fodkl {ks=k esa jkT; dh miyfC/k;k¡ ux.; lh gAS rsjg o"kks ¡ rd jktuhfrd vfLFkjrk] lkafLFkd Hkz"Vkpkj vkSj mxo z kn dh ekj dks >syrs vk jgs >kj[kaM+ eas n'sk ds cMs+ m|ksxkas dh mifLFkfr ds ckotwn Jfedks a dk iyk;u] csjkstxkjh] vf'k{kk] ckyJe] Mk;u iFzkk] cky fookg dk foLrkj jkT; dh fu;fr cu x;h gSA m|kxs vkSj [kuu ifj;kstukvksa ls iHzkkfor gksus okys ykxskas dks Ik;kZIr ykHk ugha feyus ls fodkl ifj;kstukvksa dk fojk/ s gksrk jgk gAS ;g foM+Ecuk gS fd >kj[kM a + ds vfLrRo esa vkus ds igys >kj[kaM+ izns'k us vius [kuht liank vkSj ou vk/kfjr m|ksxksa ls tgk¡ ns'k ds fodkl dks xfr nh] ogha >kj[kM a + vyx jkT; cuus ds ckn ;gk¡ gks jgs fodkl ifj;kt s ukvksa ds f[kykQ vkoktsa mB jgh gSA fodkl dh ifj;kstukvkas dks jkT; eas jkstxkj vkSj lefð ds :Ik esa ugha n[skk tkrk gS cfYd foLFkkiu ds [krjs ds :Ik esa n[skk

tkrk jgk gS D;ksfad ,d n'kd igys foLFkkfir gq, yksxksa dks vkt rd iquZokl ugha djk;k x;k gSA jkT; esa dksbZ foLFkkiu uhfr&fu;e vkt rd ugha cuk, x, gSA mYys[kuh; gS fd tc >kj[kaM+ cuk rc mldh fLFkfr fcgkj dh rqyuk esa dkQh vPNh FkhA fcgkj ls vyx gksus ds ckn >kj[kaM dks 48 izfr'kr {ks=kQy] 30 izfr'kr tula[;k] yxHkx 43 izfr'kr jktLo] ,d frgkbZ deZpkjh] 90 izfr'kr ou liank] 90 izfr’kr [kfut laink vkSj yxs yxk, dks;yk ,oa bLikr m|ksx fojklr esa feys ijarq >kj[kaM+ fcgkj ls vyx gksus dk ykHk ugha mBk ldk- vfoHkkftr fcgkj dh 80 izfr'kr fctyh mRiknd bdkb;k¡ >kj[kaM dks feyh Fkh yfsdu fctyh dh tks fLFkfr lu~ 2000 esa Fkh] vkt gkyr mlls cgrq cgsrj ugha dgk tk ldrkA vkt Hkh vf/kdk'ak xk¡o v/ a sjs esa gSA iykew izeaMy ds dbZ xzkeh.k bykds tSls lj;w] ykrsgkj] eukrw] x<+ok] NksVkukxiwj izeaMy ds lokZf/d xk¡oksa esa] laFkky ijxuk ds T;knkrj xkzeh.k bykdkas esa vkt Hkh v/ a sjk gAS xjhch] csjkt s xkjh vkSj vf'k{kk >kj[kaM ds fodkl esa jksM+k dh rjg gSA Hk"zVkpkj vkSj fLFkj izkklfud O;oLFkk dh otg ls fodkl ;kstuk,¡ /jkry ij ugha igq¡p ldh gSA iz'kklfud ra=k ij jktusrkvksa dk dksbZ fu;=ak.k vkt Hkh ugha gSA jkT; fuekZ.k ds 13 o"kZ chr tkus ds ckn Hkh fodkl dh dksbZ fuf'pr fn'kk ugha r; gks ik;h gSA jkT; esa vc rd ftruh Hkh ljdkjsa jgha os futhdj.k vkSj mnkjhdj.k ds lkFk jgh urhtru vke turk ds fgr eas ugha lkp s ldhA gsaer lksjsu dh ljdkj ;|fi vke turk ds fy, dbZ mn~?kks"kuk,¡ dh gSa ijarq xBca/u dh ljdkj gksus ds dkj.k eq[;ea=kh gsaer lksjsu dkaxzsl ds gkFk dh dBirwyh cu dj jg x;s gSA ;gh otg gS fd ,d vkjs iawthifr >kj[kM a vk jgs gS vkjS xjhc ewyoklh&vkfnoklh ykxs jksth&jkstxkj ds fy,

Zdå~a - 2013

nwljs jkT;ksa esa iyk;u dj jgS gSA jkT; eas m|kxs&/ka/s yxkus okys mRlkfgr gS rks ftudh tehu bu m|kxsksa esa tk jgh gS os vkdzksf'kr vkSj Hk;Hkhr gSA vkfnokfl;ksa o ewyokfl;ksa ftuds fy, tehu gh ,dek=k iat w h Fkh os gf'k, ij igq¡p pqds gSA gkf'k, ij tkus dk flyflyk u;k ugha gS] ikp ¡ &Ng n'kd igys ls gh ly s ] Mhohlh] ,pblh] ,Qlhvkb dh LFkkiuk ls gh 'k: q gks pqdk gS ijarq nq[k rks bl ckr dk gS fd vkfnoklh&ey w oklh yxkrkj ty] taxy] tehu ls oafpr fd, tk jgs gS Qyr gkf'k, ij thou;kiu dks foo'k gSA >kj[kaMoklh fodkl fojks/h ugha gS yfsdu fodkl dk ekWMy jkT; ds lkekftd vkjS lkaLÑfrd vfLerk dks cuk, j[kus okyk gksuk pkfg,A fodkl dks ysdj vkfnoklh&ewyoklh esa xgjh fujk'kk blfy, O;kIr gS D;kfsad mUgsa fodkl ds uke ij foLFkkiu dk na'k >syuk iM+ jgk gS vkSj iquo Z kl ds vHkko eas iyk;u djuk iM+ jgk gS - iz ' u mBrk gS f d tc vkfnoklh&ewyoklh gh foLFkkfir gksxas] iyk;u dks ckè; gksaxs rks ;g fodkl fdlds fy, fd;k tk jgk gS\ izR;sd o"kZ dh Hkkafr bl o"kZ Hkh LFkkiuk fnol ds volj ij iwjk ljdkjh ra=k fodkl dh izk;kfstr >kfd;k¡] ;kstuk,¡ vkSj laHkkoukvkas dh yksd yqHkkou rLohj is'k djus eas tqVs jgs ijarq Hkxoku fcjlk eqaMk ds lius ^vcv q k fn'kkes] vcqvk jkt* ;kuh viuh /jrh viuk jkt dks Hky w k fn;k x;k gAS jkT; esa fodkl dk vnaktk bl ckr ls yxk;k tk ldrk gS fd Hkxoku fcjlk dk viuk xk¡o vkSj ogk¡ ds fuoklh ?kksj mis{kk esa th jgs gSA >kj[kaMo + kfl;ksa dk vcv q k fn'kkse vcqvk jkt dk liuk vkt Hkh liuk gh gAS lsy Qkus & 9471765417 8

ISSN 2231-3079

>kj[kaM lekpkj

'kghnks ds ifjtuks dh leL;k,¡ lquh tk;saxh & jktho dqekj

(Mhthih] >kj[kaM)

fou; d÷ekj feJ

>

kj[k.M LFkkiuk fnol ds 13 o"kZ vc iw.kZ gks pys gSaA bu 13 o"kksZ esa bl ckj izns'k ds oSls 'kghn iqfyl tokuks dh lqf/ ysrs gq, >kj[k.M iqfyl ds 'kghnks dks HkkoHkhuh Jðkatfy ds lkFk&lkFk mu 'kghnks dks ;kn fd;k x;kA muds ifjtuks dks iz'kLrh i=k o 'kkWy vks<+k dj lEekfur fd;k x;k] ;g fuf'pr rkSj ij u flQZ ,sfrgkfld dk;Z gS] cfYd 'kghnks ds ifjtuks dh lqf/ ysus dk dke ekuoh; laosnuk dks n'kkZrh gSA ;g iquhr dk;Z >kj[k.M izns'k ds iqfyl

egkfuns'kd jktho d÷ekj ds }kjk vk;ksftr fd;k tkuk fuf'pr rkSj ij iqfyl foHkkx dh dk;Z'kSyh dks vkSj Hkh csgrj o mRÑ"V cukrk gSA ,d vksj tgk¡ iqfyl 'kCn vkrs gh yksxksa ds eu eas onhZ ds lkFk&lkFk iqfyl dk :[kk O;ogkj dh ifjØek gksus yxrh gS fdUrq orZeku iqfyl egkfuns'kd ds }kjk ekuo lo a snuk dks iznf'kZr djus ds fy, tks dkjxj iz;kl fd;s x;s gSa mlls iqfyl dh Nfo fuf'pr rkSj ij cgsrj ekuh tk ldrh gSA

xIickth ;k gdhdr!

nhid e'kky

fo'ocSad us 53 izfr'kr Hkkjrh;ksa ds ckgjxk¡o ;k [kqys esa 'kkSp djus dh ckr dgdj xSj&Hkkjrh;ksa dks ,d vkSj xIickth dk fo"k; Fkek fn;k vkSj ge Hkkjrh;ksa vkSj [kkldj Hkkjr ls ckgj jg jgs Hkkjrh;ksa ds fy, ,d vkSj 'kfe±nxh dh otgA igys ^Lye MkWx fefy;suj* us gesa Hkkjr dh xjhch dh lPpkbZ ds ckjs esa iwNrkN dk ekè;e cuok;k] fQj lksyg fnlacj 2012

dh ml dyafdr jkr us dqN vijkf/;ksa dh otg ls gesa ,d [kkl ysal ds p'ekas ls ns[ks tkus yk;d cuk fn;k] fQj fon'skh efgykvkas ds fy, Hkkjr vlqjf{kr gksus dh fjiksVks± us vkSj vc fo'o cSad dh bl rktk fjiksVZ us gesa fcyd÷y gh vkfnekuoksa dk lk gksuk eglwl djk;k gSA ysfdu D;k lp esa 53 izfr'kr yksx jkst fHkulkjs yksVk vkSj isV idM+ dj ?kj ds ckgj Hkkxrs gSa\ bl fjiksVZ ds vk¡dM+s gh >wBs yxrs gSa] D;ksafd vOoy rks BsB xk¡o esa jgus okys d÷N yksxksa ds vykok yxHkx gj ?kj esa 'kkSpky; cuus yxs gSaA ;g vki vkSj ge lHkh tkurs gSa] 'kgjh lH;rk dh vksj iyk;u djrs xk¡okas esa ;g dç÷Fkk ,d fuf'pr xfr ls de gks jgh gSA dgha ,slk rks ugha fd ljdkj us gh fo'ocSad ls 'kkSpky; ds uke ij ?kh ihus ds fy, ,slh >wBh ckrsa fjiksVZ dh gksaA

iqfyl egkfuns'kd jktho d÷ekj ds }kjk Loa; 'kghnks ds lEeku esa fy[ks x;s >kj[k.M ds 'kghnks dks ueu g]S ueu gS xhr ij ifqyl ds tokuks us lkfFk;ksa dks Jðkatfy nhA blds ckn iqfyl egkfuns'kd ds }kjk dSfl;ks ij ;g /qu ctk;k x;k& ^^;g ns'k gS ohj tokuks dk vycsyks dk eLrkuksa dk** dks ns[kdj eglwl gh ugha gks ik jgk Fkk fd jkT; ds loksZPp iqfyl vf/dkjh brus csgrj rjhds ls ok| ;a=k Hkh ctk ldrk gS] ,d iqfyl vf/dkjh dh dyk i{k dks mtkxj djrk gSA bl dBksj O;oLFkk okys egdek esa fdlh laosnu'khy vf/dkjh dk gksuk egdek dks bZekunkj vkSj laosnu'khy gh cukrk gSA iqfyl egkfuns'kd us 'kghnks ds ifjokj ds izfr laosnuk ds lkFk&lkFk vkReh; yxko Hkh j[krs gSaA >kj[k.M cuus ds ckn igyh ckj >kj[k.M iqfyl dh vksj ls 'kghnks ds cfynkuh dks ;kn djrs gq, muds ifjtuksa dks lEekfur fd;k x;kA iqfyl egkfuns'kd jktho d÷ekj ds }kjk dgk tkuk fd vc 'kghn ds ifjtuks dks HkVduk ugha iM+sxk blds fy, iqfyl eq[;ky; esa vyx ls O;oLFkk gksxhA ;gk¡ 'kghnks ds ifjtuks dh leL;k,¡ lquh tk;saxh rFkk mldk lek/ku Hkh gksxk ;g fuf'pr rkSj ij 'kghnks ds ifjtuks ds fy, vkRecy c<+kus okyh ckr gSA 13 o"kksZ esa >kj[k.M iqfyl ds }kjk 'kghnks dh cfynku dks ;kn djuk muds ifjtuks dks lEekfur dj muds vkRecy dks c<+kuk ;g n'kkZrk gS fd iqfyl egkfuns'kd ds }kjk laosnuk o ekuork nksuks dks csgrj rkyesy ds lkFk cukrs gq, ifjtuks ds vk¡lw iksNus dk dke fd;k x;kA

Zdå~a - 2013

9 ISSN 2231-3079

rF;&dF;

xzaFk vardZFkk Lokeh ckysUnq

vkSj ;s nksgjs pfj=k ds /kfeZd yksx dgrs gSa fd gekjs /eZ vkSj laLÑfr esa rks vkSjr dks nsoh ekudj iwtk dh tkrh gS! vc crkb, fd dksbZ dSls D;ksa bl /eZ vkSj laLÑfr dh bTtr djs vkx yxs ,sls /eZ dks vkSj HkkM+ esa tk, ,slh laLÑfr!

,slk gekjs xzaFkksa esa fy[kk gqvk gS fd

Hkxoku 4 eghus lksrs gSa vkSj vkt ds fnu lksdj mBrs gSa vkSj vkt ds fnu ls fgUnq yksx 'kknh C;kg dj ldrs gSaA vkt fo".kq vkSj o`ank dk fookg dk fnu gS] tjk blds ihNs rF; dks la{ksi esa lef>,! tya/j uke dk ,d jk{kl Fkk] tksfd :i cnydj nwljksa dh fL=k;ksa ls cykRdkj fd;k djrk Fkk vkSj mldh iRuh o`ank cgqr ifrozrk Fkh blhfy;s nsork mls ekjus esa lQy ugha gks jgs Fks! mUgksaus ukjk;.k ls çkFkZuk dh rks fo".kq us NyiwoZd Bhd mlh dh rjg :i cnydj o`ank ls lEHkksx djds mlds lrhRo dks u"V fd;kA bl izdkj tya/j dks ekjus esa lQyrk feyh! fQj o`ank vius ifr ds lkFk vkRe&gR;k djds lrh gks xbZ vkSj mlus fo".kq dks Jki fn;k fd rqe iRFkj gks tkvks rks fo".kq 'kkfyxzke cu x, vkSj gj

fgUnw ds ?kj esa iwts tkus yxs vkSj o`ank vxys tUe esa rqylh dk ikS/k cuh rFkk vkt ds fnu mldk fookg 'kkfyxzke ls gqvk! vc tjk /kfeZdksa ds fy, lR; rFkk vkLFkk dks c<+kus okyh bl diksy&dfYir dgkuh dk lUns'k vkSj çHkko lef>;s& 1- ;fn dksbZ NyiwoZd fdlh dh L=kh ds lkFk cykRdkj djs rks vk¡[k ds cnys vk¡[k okys U;k; ds vuqlkj vki Hkh Nyiwod Z mldh L=kh ls cykRdkj dj ldrs gS]a vkf[kj vkids Hkxoku~ fo".kq us Hkh ;gh fd;k FkkA gekjh laLÑfr esa bl rjg ds dsl vkt Hkh ns[kus esa vkrs gSa] tgk¡ cykRdkj ds cnys esa cykRdkj fd;k tkrk gSA 2- vkjSr dks ifrozrk jguk pkfg,] blls mlds ifr dh mez yEch gksxh Hkys gh ifr pkgs nqfu;k Hkj dh fL=k;ksa ls cykRdkj djrk jgs! ;g Hkh vki gekjh laLÑfr esa cgqr

n`f"Vikr dks vkidh t:jr gS vki tgk¡ Hkh gaS] ogha ls vki n`f"Vikr ds fy, d÷N dj ldrs gSa] n`f"Vikr lekt ds fy, d÷N vPNk djuk pkgrk gS] vki Hkh d÷N ,slk gh lksp jgs gSa] rks vkidk Lokxr gSA vki ys[k nhft,@lekpkj nhft,@ubZ&ubZ tkudkjh nhft,@f'k{kkizn @cks/ dFkk nhft,@;k=kk&o`rkar nhft,@iqLrd leh{kk nhft,@ dgkuh&dfork@ xty @LokLF; ,oa fpfdRlk ij ys[k nhft,A

n`f"Vikr if<+, vkSj i<+kb, vius cf<+,] vkSj nwljksa dks c<+kb,

laiknd

ts-,Q- 8@9] gjew vkoklh; dkWyksuh] jk¡ph eks0 9031975537] 7761841932] 9471760495 Zdå~a - 2013

Li"V :i ls ns[k ldrs gSa fd vkneh [kqn fdruk Hkh nq'pfj=k gks ijUrq iRuh mls lrh&lkèoh gh pkfg,!

3- ifr ds ej tkus ij L=kh dks vkRe&gR;k djds lrh gks tkuk pkfg,! vkt ls 200 lky igys rd gekjh laLÑfr esa ;g vke rFkk xoZ dh ckr Fkh] oks rks jktk jkeeksgujk; ds ç;kl ls dkuwu cu tkus ds dkj.k vc ;g xSjdkuwuh gS] ijUrq eauSs viuh fd'kksjkoLFkk esa bl rjg dh ?kVuk,¡ gksrh lquh gSa rFkk vkt Hkh jktLFkku esa lrh ds efUnj esa jkst gtkjksa fgUnw iwtk djus tkrs gSa! 4- L=kh dk fookg mlds cykRdkjh ds lkFk gh djk fn;k tkrk gS! bl rjg dh ?kVuk,¡ rks vkt Hkh xk¡oks esa cgqr gksrh gSa tcfd iapk;r L=kh dks mlds cykRdkjh ds lkFk 'kknh djus dk Qjeku lquk nsrh gSa] ftlesa fd nksuksa i{k ds iwjs ifjokj dh lgefr gksrh gS! vc tjk nsf[k;s fd bl /eZ vkjS laLÑfr esa vkSjr dk D;k LFkku gS\ cykRdkj ds cnys cykRdkj mls gh Hkqxruk gS] nq"dehZ ifr dh mez vkSj j{kk ds fy, Hkh mls gh ç;kl djuk gS vkSj mlds fy, viuh tku rd ns nsuh gS vkSj vius Åij vR;kpkj djus okys ls fookg djds mldh lkjh ftanxh lsok Hkh djuh gSA vkjS ;s nksgjs pfj=k ds /kfeZd yksx dgrs gSa fd gekjs /eZ vkSj laLÑfr esa rks vkSjr dks nsoh ekudj iwtk dh tkrh gS! vc crkb, fd dksbZ dSls D;ksa bl /eZ vkSj laLÑfr dh bTtr djs vkx yxs ,sls /eZ dks vkSj HkkM+ esa tk, ,slh laLÑfr! ets dh ckr rks ;g gS ,sls /eZ vkSj laLÑfr dks vPNk crkus vkSj ml ij xoZ djus okys dks tc bl fo"k; ij lgh rF;ksa ls voxr djuk pkgrk gw¡] rks vki lHkh eq>s xkfy;k¡ nsus yxrs gSa] eSa vki fgUnw Hkkb;ksa ls fuosnu djuk pkgrk gw¡ fd eq>s xkyh nsus ls igys Ñi;k vki vius 'kkL=kksa dks i<+ ysa fQj xkyh ns]a cykRdkj rks gekjs Hkxoku us fd;k Fkk vkSj gekjs xzaFkksa esa ;g ckr fy[kh gS] eSaus rks dsoy crk;k gS vki lc dks fQj xkyh eq>s D;ksa ns jgs gSa HkkbZ ;k rks cykRdkjh dks xkyh nhft, ;k fQj ftlus bl izdkj dh dgkuh x<+h gS /kfeZd xazFkksa esa mls xkyh nhft,! dc rd vki rF;ksa ls vk¡[ksa vkSj pfj=k dks pqjkrs jgsaxsA 10

ISSN 2231-3079

lkfgR; Qyd

MkW0 vejhd flag daMk dh

nks y?kq dFkk,Wa tkuoj euq";

czãk th us vkns'k fn;k fd ,d eghus ds ckn euq"; cukus dk dke can dj fn;k tk,A nsork tYnh&tYnh tkuoj cuk, tk jgs FksA czãk th muds ikl cSBs FksA tkuojksa ds vaxksa ds <sj yxs iM+s FksA nsorkvksa us iwNk] ^^czãk th] ge eu"q; cukuk D;ksa can dj jgs gSa\** czãk th cksys] ^^,d euq"; dks cukus ds fy, ,d gtkj tkuojksa ftruk le; yx tkrk gSA ;s euq"; uhps tkdj tkuojksa dks [kkus yxrs gSaA gekjk ujd okyk fgLlk iwjh rjg Hkjus okyk gSA d÷N nsj rd ;g euq";ksa ls Hkj tk,xkA blls igys fd ;g Hkj tk, eSa nfqu;k dk u, fljs ls l`tu d:¡xkA** vc nsork pqi FksA

fM;` V h ^^jhuk vkt fQj rqe 2 ?kaVs ysV vkbZ gksA esgrk lkgc cgqr xqLls esa gSaA rq>s dSfcu esa cqyk;k gSA tYnh tk dgha ukSdjh ls gkFk u /ks cSBukA** Hkkuw çlkn us dgkA ^^es vkbZ de bu lj\** ^^de buA rqe 2 fnu n¶rj D;ksa ugha vkbZ\** ^^lj] esjh ek¡ cgqr chekj gS] eSa blfy, ugha vk ldhA**

^^cgqr cf<+;k cgkuk gS] vkt 2 ?kaVs ysV gksus dk cgkukA rqe dksbZ vkSj ukSdjh ryk'k djks A rqe M~;wVh dks M~;wVh ugha le>rhA** esgrk lkgc xqLls esa lkeus [kM+h jhuk dks dg jgs FksA ^^lj] esjh 2 NksVh&NksVh cgukas rFkk cw<+s ek¡&cki dk D;k gksxk\ eq>s ukSdjh ls er fudkfy,A ;fn eq>s ukSdjh ls fudky fn;k rks ge lc fdl ds lgkjs th;saxs\** ^^esjs lgkjsA** esgrk lkgc us 'kSrkuh g¡lh g¡lrs gq, dgkA jhuk fnu dh ctk; vc jkr dh M~;wVh ij vkus yxh FkhA mls vc M; ~ wVh dk okLrfod vFkZ irk py x;k FkkA vc esgrk lkgc dks jhuk ls dksbZ f'kdk;r ugha FkhA eks0 09855735666 1764] xq# jkenkl uxj] eksxk (iatkc) fiu &142001

gekjs fdlh dke dk ughaA** nwljs fnu lcsjs mldh e`R;q gks xbZA vklikl ds yksxksa us vkSipkfjdrko'k pank djds tykus ds fy, ydfM+;ksa vkSj dQu dk bartke dj fn;kA d÷N iSls cp x,] rks ifjokj okyksa dks ns fn,A Hkw[k us iwjs ifjokj dks csne dj fn;k FkkA vpkud mlds yM+dksa ds fnekx esa ,d ckr vkbZ vkSj os mBdj 'ko dks ys tkus yxs A 'kke dks ?kj esa fprk dh ydM+h ls [kkuk rS;kj gks jgk FkkA dQu ds diM+s ls d÷N NksVs lnL;ksa ds ru <ad x, FksA vkSj mldk 'ko Vscy ij iM+k FkkA pkjksa vksj Nk=k tqVs FksA 'ko foPNsnu ds fy,A

turk

ubZ&ubZ ljdkj cuh FkhA mlus turk dk lq[k&nq[k tkuus ds fy, 'kgj ds eè; ,d [kkyh cksMZ yxok fn;kA m/j ls xqtjus okys ,d MkWDVj us cksMZ ij fy[k fn;k] ^^eSa lcdh chekfj;ksa dk bykt djrk gw¡A thus yk;d cukrk g¡wA** d÷N le; ckn ,d odhy lkgc fudys vkSj mUgksaus fy[k fn;k] ^eSa lcds eqdnes yM+rk gw¡A c¡Vokjk djokrk gw¡A* ,d bathfu;j us cksMZ ij fy[kk] ^eSa lcds fy, edku cukrk gw¡A* ,d usrkth xqtjs vkSj cksMZ esa txg ckyÑ".k xqIr ^xq#* ckdh ns[kdj fy[k fn;k] ^eSa lHkh çdkj dh dh d÷flZ;ka cukrk gw¡] csprk g¡w] fnyokrk gw¡A* d÷ N ns j ckn dke dh ryk'k es a etnwj&fdlkuksa dk ,d lewg Hkh m/j ls xqtjkA ljdkjh ;kstukvksa dh cnkSyr os lk{kj gks pqds Fks vkSj QthZ eLVj jksy ij ?kj esa lHkh Hkw[k ls rM+i jgs FksA diM+s v¡xwBk yxkus dh ctk; gLrk{kj djrs FksA rkj&rkj gks pqds FksA eqf[k;k chekj Hkh Fkk] mUgksaus bu euksjatd okD;ksa dks i<+k vkSj ij vkf[kj mlus fu'p; fd;k fd viuk lcls uhps fy[k fn;k] ^ge bu lcdh dher [kwu csp nsxk---dqN iSls rks feysaxsA exj pqdkrs gSaA ge oksV nsrs gSaA* tokc feyk] ^rqEgsa rks [kqn [kwu dh vko';drk MkW0 c['kh ekx]Z [kSjkx<+] fiu&491881 gSA* rc mlus dgk] ^^rks iwjk 'kjhj gh ys ftyk % jktukanxko a (NÙkhlx<) 12 + Qkus % 09424111454 fy;k tk,A** tokc feyk] ^^thfor euq";

nks y?kq dFkk,Wa mi;ks f xrk

Zdå~a - 2013

11 ISSN 2231-3079

tUe fnol ij

fcjlk eqaMk dk myxqyku vkt Hkh v/kwjk ftl mís'; ls Hkxoku fcjlk eaqM+k us

myxqyku dh 'kq:vkr dh Fkh vkt 138 o"kks± ckn Hkh >kj[kaM+ jkT; esa vkfnokfl;ksa dks gkfly ugha gks ik;k gSA jkT; esa fiNys ckjg o"kks± esa flQZ vkfnoklh gh eq[;ea=kh jgs ijarq vkfnokfl;kas dk 'kk"sk.k fujraj tkjh gSA ty] txay] tehu ds vf/dkj dks ysdj vkt Hkh jkT; ds vkfnoklh la?k"kZjr gSA laFkky ijxuk dk'rdkjh o NksVkukxiwj dk'rdkjh vf/fu;eksa dh /fTt;k¡ jkT; esa ljsvke mM+k;h tk jgh gSA >kj[kaM jkT; cuus ds ckn tgk¡ ,d rjQ vcqvk fn'kkse

jktho vkuUn

dk ukjk gf'k, ij pyk x;k gS] ogha nwljh vkjs jktuhfrd vfLFkjrk o oSpkfjd 'kqU;rk ds dkj.k vkfnokfl;ksa dk 'kks"k.k fujarj tkjh gSA fcjlk eqaM+k dk tUe fnol >kj[kaM jkT; dk LFkkiuk fnol Hkh g]S ijarq /we&/ke ls LFkkiuk fnol euk;s tkus ls fcjlk eqaMk }kjk lhapk x;k myxqyku dk mn~s'; iwjk ugha gksrk gAS blds fy, vkfnokfl;kas dks ,dtqV gksus dh t:jr gSA i<+s&fy[ks vkfnokfl;ksa dks vkxs vkus dh t:jr gS vkSj fcjlk eqaM+k }kjk ns[ks vkSj fn[kk;s x, liuksa dks lkdkj

Zdå~a - 2013

djuk gSA vaxzstksa ds fo:ð tutkrh; foæksg ds 'kkunkj bfrgkl esa pfpZr O;fDrRo fcjlk eqaM+k dk gS ftudh yksdfiz;rk dk vanktk bl ckr ls yxk;k tk ldrk gS fd >kj[kaM+ ds yksx bUgsa Jðk ,oa HkfDr ls Hkxoku fcjlk ds uke ls iqdkjrs gSA fcjlk eqaMk+ dk tUe 15 uoacj lu~ 1875 esa jkaph ftys ds rekj Fkkuk ds ,d lqnwj xkao mfygkrq esa gqvk FkkA budh f'k{kk tutkfr Hkk"kk ds vfrfjDr vaxzsth Ldøy esa Hkh gqbZ Fkh rFkk ;s blkbZ /eZ ds flðkarksa ls 12

ISSN 2231-3079

jktuhfr tUe fnol ij Hkh voxr FksA laFkky ykxs crZeku NksVkukxiqj fMfotu] ckad÷M+k] iq:fy;k vkSj fenukiqj ftyksa dh vksj ls vkdj 18oha lnh ds mÙkjkðZ rFkk 19oha lnh ds izkjafHkd dky esa ^nkfeu&bZ&dksg* esa cl x, FksA /hjs&/hjs >kj[kaM esa fe'kufj;ksa dk vkxeu gksus yxk FkkA l~u 1854 bZ- esa loZizFke NksVkukxiqj esa ywFkju fe'kufj;ksa dk vkxeu gqvkA bu fe'kufj;ksa }kjk nh x;h f'k{kk vkSj i<+kbZ ds dkj.k vkfnokfl;ksa esa ,d tkx`fr vkus yxh vkSj vc vkfnoklh lekt esa cnyko dh u;h T;ksfr] u;h vk'kk dk tkxj.k gksuk 'kq: gqvkA vkfnoklh lekt dks blh le; fcjlk eqaM+k us ,d u;h fn'kk vkSj lksp nhA ckyd fcjlk us vaxst z h 'kklu vkSj mlds 'kks"k.kdkjh dk;Zdykiksa dks ns[kk vkSj >syk FkkA 15 o"kZ dh vk;q esa fcjlk eqaMk us viuk y{; fu/kZfjr dj fy;k FkkA vius ân; esa lekt lq/kj dh Hkkouk vkSj Øakfr dh Tokyk fy, gq, fcjlk eqaMk us vkuan ikaMs; uked Kkuh ls lukru /eZ dh f'k{kk yhA c<+rs gq, blkbZ /eZ ds izHkko dks fcjlk eqaMk us jksdus dh dksf'k'k dh vkSj vkfnokfl;ksa dks ;g crkuk 'kq: fd;k fd blkbZ /eZ ckgjh /eZ] vaxzstksa dk /eZ gS] geyksxksa dk /eZ fgUnw lukru /eZ gSA fcjlk eqaMk us vius vkfnoklh lekt esa izR;sd O;fDr esa vkRefo'okl] vkRexkSjo vkSj vkRelEeku Hkjuk pkgrs Fks rFkk :f<+okfnrk dks nwj djuk pkgrs Fks vkSj cgrq gn rd bUgksaus vius bl mn~s'; esa dke;kc Hkh jgAs lu~ 1894 ls lu~ 1895 bZ- ds dky[kaM+ esa fcjlk eqaMk }kjk vkfFkZd] lkekftd] /kfeZd lq/kj ds fy, ftrus dne vius vkfnoklh lekt ds fy, mBk;k] og lHkh bl dnj dke;kc jgs fd fcjlk eqaMk dh yksdfiz;rk lkrosa vkleku dks Nwus yxh vkSj yksxksa us mUgsa ^/jrh vkck* vFkkZr /jrh dk firk Lohdkj djus yxs vkSj Jðk ls mUgas ^Hkxoku fcjlk* dgdj iqdkjus yxsA vaxzstksa us iz'kklfud lq/kj dh ;kstuk ds rgr lu~ 1854 bZ- eas NkVkukxiqj dfe'kujh dk xBu fd;kA lkmFk osLV ÝafV;j ,tsalh dks lekIr dj laiw.kZ NksVkukxiqj dks caxky ds ysfQVusaV xouZj ds v/hu dj fn;k x;kA nhokuh vkSj jktLo vnkyr [kksyh x;hA ,d dfe'uj dh fu;qfDr gqbZ ftlds v/hu pkaxcdj] mn;iqj] xkaxiqj] t'kiqj]

dks fj;k] ekuHkw e ] fla gHkw e ] gtkjhckx] yksgjnxk vkfn jkT; FksA bl {ks=k dk uke PkqfV;kukxiqj j[kk x;k FkkA lu~ 1855&1857 bZ- esa >kj[kaM esa ,d ,slk foækgs gqvk tks laiw.kZ vkfnoklh lekt dh psruk dk vfHkUu vax cu x;kA vkfnoklh lekt dk 'kks"k.k u flQZ vaxzst yksx dj jgs Fks cfYd vaxzstksa ds fiNyXxw caxkyh vkSj iNkgh egktu] lkgwdkj yksx Hkh 'kks"k.k djus eas c<+] p<+ dj Hkkx ysrs FksA ;s egktu vkSj lkgwdkj fiNys d÷N o"kks± esa nkfeu bZ dksg esa vius O;kikj ds fy, miyC/ lqfo/kvksa dks ns[kdj cgqr cM+h la[;k esa cl x, Fks vkSj uk;kc rjhds ls vkfnokfl;ksa dk 'kks"k.k djrs FksA dqN pkoy ;k /ku ;s lkgwdkj] egktu vkfnoklh O;fDr dks m/kj ns nsrs Fks vkSj fQj cM+h gh pkykdh ds lkFk ,d vR;ar Vs<+h pky dk lgkjk ysdj d÷N gh fnuksa ds Hkhrj muds HkkX; dk fo/krk cu tkrs FksA vkfnokfl;ksa dks bu egktuksa dk dtZ pqdkus ds fy, dsoy viuh tehuksa ls gh gkFk ugha /ksuk iM+rk Fkk cfYd fdrus gh dks dtZ ds cnys 'kjhj dks Hkh ca/d j[k nsuk iM+rk Fkk vkSj vk'p;Z dh ckr ;g Fkh fd bl xqykeh dh izFkk dks dkuwuh vnkyrksa }kjk u flQZ lgu fd;k tk jgk Fkk] cfYd LohÑfr Hkh nh tk jgh Fkh QyLo:i vkfnokfl;ksa ds chp Hkkjh vlraks"k O;kIr gks jgk FkkA blh i` f"BHkw fe es a fla xcksxk vFkkZ r l; w Znsork esa vVVw fo'okl j[kus okys Hkxoku fcjlk us /eZ] laLÑfr] jktuhfrd vkSj vkfFkd Z {ks=k esa O;kid Økfar ,d lkFk izkjaHk dh ftls tutkrh; bfrgkl eas ^myxqyku* ds uke ls tkuk tkrk gSA myxqyku dk izHkko vaxt zs ksa ds 'kklu ij xgjk iM+kA ifj.kkeLo:i vaxzstksa us fcjlk eqaMk dh Nfo dks /wfey djus ds fy, vusd >wBh dFkk,¡ x<+hA fcjlk eqaMk dks ikxy rd ?kksf"kr djus dk iz;kl fd;k x;k rFkk mUgsa Hkxoku dk vorkj ekuus dks rS;kj ugha gq, vaxzstA lu~ 1895 bZ- es Hkxoku fcjlk eqaMk us fczfV'k 'kklu dks ekuus ls badkj dj fn;k rFkk jktuhfrd Økafr vkSj la?k"kZ dk flyflyk izkjaHk fd;kA Hkwfe dj nsus ls euk dj fn;k vkSj vaxzstksa ls yM+us ds fy, fcjlk eqaMk us iwjs >kj[kaM {ks=kksa esa ?kew&?kwe dj vkàku fd;kA mUgksaus vius vuq;kf;;ksa dks dgk]

^fuHkZ; cuks] vaxzstksa dh canwds dkB esa cny tk,xh] xksfy;k¡ ikuh ds cqycqys cu tk,xhA fuHkZ; jgks] esjk 'kklu vkjaHk gks x;k gSA* Hkxoku fcjlk ds mDr gqadkj ls vkfnoklh yksx vkSj mudk lekt Hk;eqDr gks jgk Fkk vkSj vaxzstkas ds f[kykQ laxfBr gksrk tk jgk Fkk ija rq lekt esa Hkxoku fcjlk dh fnu&c&fnu c<+rh tk jgh izfr"Bk ls vaxzst fpafrr gksrs tk jgs FksA vaxzstksa us loZizFke Hkxoku fcjlk dh c<+rs izHkko dks NksVk djus dk iz;kl djus yxs vkSj bl iz;kl esa vaxzstksa us 'kke&nke&naM&Hksn dh uhfr dks viuk;kA nwljh vksj Hkxoku fcjlk vius vuq;kf;;ksa dks ;g le>kus esa dke;kc gksrs tk jgs Fks fd vkfnoklh lekt esa lkjh d÷jhfr;ksa dh tM+ orZeku vaxzsth O;oLFkk gh gS vkSj blls eqfDr ik;s fcuk vkRelEeku vkjS vkRexkSjo ls ugha jgk tk ldrk gSA lu~ 1895 bZ- esa Hkxoku fcjlk us fczVsu ds egkjkuh ds 'kklu dks ekuus ls badkj dj fn;k rFkk jktuhfrd Øakfr vkSj la?k"kZ dk flyflyk ikzjaHk fd;kA vaxzt s ksa us dVøuhfr ,oa Nyuhfr ls lks, gq, fcjlk eqaMk dks jkr esa fxjQrkj fd;k] muds lkFk muds vusd lg;ksfx;ksa dks Hkh fxjQrkj fd;k x;kA vaxst z ksa us Hkxoku fcjlk dks lk/kkj.k O;fDr flð djus ds fy, [kWawVh esa [kqyk dksVZ yxok;k ysfdu Hkxoku fcjlk ds n'kZu ds fy, [kWwaVh esa tu lSykc meM+ iM+k rc vaxzst [kWawVh esa dksVZ yxkus ds viuh izLrko dks cny fn;kA 22 tuojh lu~ 1895 bZ- dks Hkxoku fcjlk dks nks o"kZ dk lkJe dkjkokl dh ltk lquk;h x;h] muds lkFk muds d÷N lkfFk;ksa dks Hkh ltk lquk;h x;hA Hkxoku fcjlk dks gtkjhckx tsy esa j[kk x;kA Hkxoku fcjlk dks idM+us vkSj NksM+us dk flyflyk vc py iM+k ysfdu Hkxoku fcjlk ds usr`Ro esa tutkrh; foæksg c<r+k gh jgkA mUgksaus lkesk eqaM+k dks /kfeZd&lkekftd Økafr dk iezq[k vkjS nksuk eqaMk dks jktuhfrd Økafr dk ize[qk cuk;k vkSj bl rjg Hkxoku fcjlk us O;ofLFkr :i ls myxqyku dks tkjh j[kkA Hkxoku fcjlk dk fopkj ;g Fkk fd ,d ,sls lekt dh LFkkiuk gksuh pkfg, ftlesa NksVs&cM+s dk HksnHkko ugha gksA dkuwu 'kks"k.k ds fy, ugha cfYd vke yksxksa ds fodkl ds fy, gkAs blh fopkjksa ls vkrs&ikzrs Hkxoku fcjlk ds vu; q k;h ljdkjh dk;kZy;ks]a

Zdå~a - 2013

13 ISSN 2231-3079

tUe fnol ij iqfyl Fkkuksa vkSj vaxzsth 'kklu ds leFkZdksa ij l'kL=k geyk rt s dj fn;kA vaxst z h iz'kklu us ?kcjkdj d÷N yksxksa dks buke nsus dk ykyp nsdj Hkxoku fcjlk dks 3 Qjojh lu~ 1900 bZ- dks fxj¶rkj dj fy;kA muds lkFk muds vusd leFkZdksa dks Hkh fxj¶rkj dj fy;k x;kA cgqr gh fooknkLin fLFkfr eas jk¡ph tsy esa 9 tuw lu~ 1900 bZ- dks Hkxoku fcjlk us nqfu;k NksM+ fn;kA d÷N bfrgkldkjksa dk ekuuk gS fd Hkxoku fcjlk dh e`R;q gt S s ls ugha] cfYd mUgsa mRihfM+r dj ekj Mkyk x;k FkkA

i`"B 23 dk 'ks"k Hkkx vkUnksyu tkjh j[ks gq, gSaA eè; fcgkj esa Hkwfeghu Ñf"k&etnwjksa dh vkoknh yxHkx pkyhl izfr'kr gSA Hkw&Lokfe;kas dk ,d cM+k flLlk Lo;a [krsh ugha djrk] D;ksafd ,d rks lkaerh ijEijk mUgsa bldh btktr ugha nsrh vkSj nwljk fd ;gk¡ etnwj Hkh lLrs gSaA ,slh fLFkfr esa vkUnksyu dks O;kid vk/kj rks fey jgk gS] ysfdu blds lkFk gh ;g Hkw&Lokfe;kas esa ,drk Hkh iSnk dj jgk gS] tks tkrh; lsukvksa ds :i esa lkeus vk jgh gSA ekDlZokn tgk¡ lkE;oknh n'kuZ dks c<k+ok nsrk gS] ogha ekvksokn vius gd ds fy, l'kL=k tuØkafr ij tksj nsrk gSA ekvks phu ds l'kL=k tuØkafr ds izflð usr`RodÙkkZ Fks] ftudk ekuuk Fkk fd jktuhfrd lÙkk canwd dh uyh ls fudyrh gSA bl rjg uDlyokn Hkw&Lokfe;ksa ds fo:ð ouokfl;ksa dk ,d ,slk l'kL=k tuØkafr gS] tks vius ekDloknh n'kZu dks ykxw djus ds fy, ekvksoknh rjhdksa dks viukus ij tksj nsrk gSA vr% Hkkjrh; lanHkZ esa uDlyokn ;k ekvksokn dk ,d gh vFkZ gSA 'kq: esa ;g tuØkafr nfyr] 'kksf"kr] vlgk;] ncs&d÷pys] oafpr ,ao detksj oxks± ds fgrksa dk laj{k.k djus gsrq lekt esa O;kIr mu reke cqjkbZ;ksa dks [kRe djuk pkgrk Fkk] tks lkekftd&vkfFkd Z lekurk LFkkfir djus esa vojks/ iSnk dj jgs FksA vius bUgha y{;ksa ds dkj.k bl tuØkafr us 'kh?kz gh yksdfiz;rk dh f'k[kj dks Hkh Nw fy;kA ijUrq le; ds lkFk blesa lÙkk&yksywirk dh pkg tkx mBh] Qyr% blds Lo:i esa rsth ls cnyko vkus yxkA vkt ;g tuØkafr lÙkk ds fy, fgalk] ifzrjks/

;|fi fcjlk eqaMk dk ikfFkZo 'kjhj gekjs chp ugha jgk ijarq muds }kjk pyk;h x;h myxqyku O;FkZ ugha gq;h] cfYd ftl lekt dk liuk Hkxoku fcjlk us ns[kk vkSj fn[kk;k mls izkIr djus ds fy, tutkrh; foæksg vaxzstksa ds 'kkludky esa rks tkjh jgk gh] Lora=krk izkIr gksus ds ckn Hkh tutkfr vius vkRe LokfHkeku vkSj vkRexkSjo dks cuk, j[kk vkSj flQZ laFkky ijxuk ls gh mudh bPNk iw.kZ ugha gq;h cfYd vrr% ,d iwjs jkT; ds xBu ds :i esa >kj[kaM lkeus vk;kA Hkxoku fcjlk us vius myxqyku esa

ftu fopkjksa dks lhapk ogh vkxs tkdj >kj[kaM+ {ks=k esa 1920 bZ- ds ckn vkfnoklh vkanksyuksa esa ifjyf{kr gksrk gSA fNViqV vkSj vyx&vyx foæksgksa ds cnys vc vkfnoklh vkanksyu ,d laxfBr vkSj LFkk;h vkanksyu cuus yxk vkSj Hkxoku fcjlk eqaMk }kjk lhapk x;k lektokn vkSj ,d jkT; dh Hkkouk lu~ 1920 bZ- ds ckn ds vkfnoklh vkanksyu ls tkfr;rk dks gVkdj jk"Vªoknh ygj dks Q¡ød fn;k tks vrr% >kj[kaM jkT; esa ifjf.kr gqvkA eksckby% 9471765417

,oa foÑr jktuhfr dk ,slk [ksy] [ksy jgk gS] ftlls ekuoh; thou ,oa ekuork vius vkidks vlgk; eglwl dj jgh gSA vius mUekniw.kZ y{; dh iwfrZ ds ekXkZ esa vkus okys lHkh vojks/ksa dks pkgs og O;fDr gks ;k O;fDr&lewg vFkok O;oLFkk] ;g cM+h csjgeh ls mldk lQk;k dj nsrk gSA uDly izk;ksftr fgalk vc vkradokn dk i;kZ; cu pqdh gS] tks jk"Vªh; v[kaMrk ,oa vkrafjd lqj{kk gsrq lcls cMh+ puqkSrh gAS D;ksafd ;g dkuwu&O;oLFkk ds lkFk&lkFk lkekftd&vkfFkZd fiNM+siu ls tqM+h leL;k gSA uDlyokn flQZ fodkl dh leL;k ugha gS] vfirq ;g n'kZu dh yM+kbZ gS rFkk ;g vkrd a okn ls Hkh [krjukd gSA fujUrj fgl a d gksrs tk jgs bl tuØkafr us jkT; ljdkjksa dks iaxq rFkk dsUæ ljdkj dks fpfrr dj fn;k gSA orZeku esa uDlyokn jk"Vª ds 16 jkT;ksa] 180 ftyksa vkSj 6-5 yk[k xk¡oksa esa vius [kwuh [ksy dks vatke ns jgk gSA bl izdkj Hkkjr ds rdjhcu pkyhl izfr'kr Hkw&Hkkx ,oa iSarhl izfr'kr vkcknh cqjh rjg blds fxj¶r esa vk pqdh gSA bu uDly izHkkfor {ks=kksa esa jk"Vªh; dkuwu dh txg uDlfy;ksa dh vnkyrsa o lsuk,¡ gSaA uDlfy;ksa }kjk bu {ks=kksa esa lekukUrj ljdkj ^tuer* ds uke ls pyk;h tk jgh gS] tgk¡ muds cuk;s dkuwu ykxw gksrs gSaA bldk mYya?ku djus okyk ijk/h ekuk tkrk gS rFkk iapk;r cqykdj vekuoh; ;kruk,¡ nh tkrh gSaA uDlyckM+h vkanksyu Hkkjr eas gq, vcrd ds lHkh la?k"kks± ls vf/d egRoi.wkZ ekuk tk ldrk gSA blus vke turk esa QSyh uSjk'; dh Hkkouk dks ,d >Vds esa m[kkM+ QsadkA ijUrq vkt dh fo[kafMr uDlyoknh vkUnky s u

fdl gn rd Hkkjr dh 'kksf"kr turk dh vk'kk&vkdka{kkvksa dks iwjk dj ldsxk ;g r; djsaxs vkxs vkus okys tu&la?k"kZ tks fodYighu gSa] 'kk'or gSaA lanHkZ ladsr& 1- ,d uDly LVksjh (2009) % nhisUæ jk; pkS/jh] foVkLVk ifCyf'kax] u;h fnyhA 2- ekvksfTe bu bafM;k % eksgu jke3- nks uDlybV ewoesaV % foIyonkl xqIrk4- lkekftd leL;k,¡ (2008) % jke vkgqtk] jkor ifCyf'kax] t;iqj 5- uDlykbV ikWfyfVDl bu bafM;k % ts0lh tkSgjhA 6- uDlyoknh vkanksyu ds rh n'kd % jke dohUæ flag] ykyrkjk] f'kok vkQlsV fiafzVax izsl] ubZ fnYyh & 1996 7- fcgkj dk lp % mfeZys'k] ubZ fnYyh] 1991'kks/ Nk=k] bfrgkl foHkkx] jk¡ph fo'ofo|ky;] jk¡phA

i`"B 5 dk 'ks"k Hkkx vkej.k vu'ku ij cSBsaxsA rHkh ljdkj ij ncko cusxk] xkS ekal dk fu;kZr #dsxk] ;g ns'k viuh lkaLÑfrd Lef`r dks Hky w &lk x;k gS] mls ;kn fnykuk t:jh gSA QSt tSls ;o q dks ds dkj.k fnYyh vkSj dksydrk ls xkS Økafr 'kq: gq;h g]S vc ;g iwjs ns'k eas QSysA bl ns'k esa Økafr /hjs&/ hjs vlj djrh gS] yfsdu 'kq#vkr t:jh gS] ;g gks pqdh gS] vkSj ckr fudyh gS rks fQj njw ryd tk;sxhA tarj&earj ij jkst vusd yksx vk jgs gSa vkSj Qt S lfgr lkjs vu'kudkfj;ksa dk gkSlyk c<+k jgs gSaA ;g gkSlyk gh bu vu'kudkfj;ksa dh rkdr Hkh gSA 14

Zdå~a - 2013 ISSN 2231-3079

fo'ks"k vkys[k

jktHkk"kk ,d fo'ys"k.k çHkqukFk nÙk >k

;

g è;ku nsus ;kXs; gS fd vf[ky Hkkjrh; lEidZ ds fy, tgk¡ fo}kuksa ds chp laLÑr dk ç;kxs çkphu dky ls yd s j bl 'krkCnhr ds çFke pj.k rd [kwc gksrk jgk] ogha vke turk ds chp vf[ky Hkkjrh; Lrj ij fgUnh dk gh ç;kxs dkQh le; ls gks jgk gAS fQjnkl S h] vyfc#uh (11oha 'krkCnh) vehj [kqljks (14oha 'krkCnh) vkfn us fgUnh dk mYysr[k ^iwjs Hkkjr dh Hkk"kk* ds :i esa gh fd;k gS A okLro es a /kfeZd] lkaLÑfrd lkfgfR;d vkSj jktuhfrd ifjfLFkfr;kas us fgUnha dks ,d cgqr cM+s {ks=k esa Qy S us dk volj fn;k gSA ;gh dkj.k gS fd15oha 'krkCnh esa Hkfä vkUnksy s u ds çe[qk vk/kj&LrHak nf{k.k ds oYyHkkpk;Z vius çopukas esa fgUnh dk ç;ksx djrs Fk]s D;kafsd mUgsa Hkfä dk çpkj vke turk ds chp djuk FkkA egkjk"Vª ds ukenso rqdkjke vkfn us] xqtjkr ds ujlh egsrk vkSj nwljs Hkä dfo;ksa u]s iatkc ds ukud rFkk vU;r fl[k x# q vkas us tgk¡ LFkkuh; turk ds fy, yks dHkk"kkvks a es a fy[kk] ogha fo'kky tulekt ds fy,] iwjs n'sk ds fy, fgUnh eas fy[kkA mÙkj Hkkjr ds gh ugha] nf{k.k Hkkjr ds] rfeyukMq ds] dsjy ds lwQh lUrksa us Hkh viuh vfHkO;kfä ds fy, blh Hkk"kk dks viuk;kA ogk¡ d÷N ykxs rks blh dkj.k bl Hkk"kk dks ^^eqlyekuh** dgus yxsA ftl Hkk"kk es a fdlh jk"Vª dk lEiw.kZ jktdkt pyrk gS] ogha jktHkk"kk dgykrh gSA nwljs 'kCnksa esa] ds Uæ ljdkj jkT; ljdkjsa ,oa ljdkjh miØe] dkedkt i=kpkj vkSj vU; lkoZtfud dk;k±]s ;kt s uksa ds fy, ftl Hkk"kk dk ç;ksx djrs ga]S

mls ^jktHkk"kk* dgrs gSaA jktHkk"kk fdlh Hkh ns'k dh lo a / S kfud ekU;rk çkIr ç'kklfud Hkk"kk gksrh g]S ftldk mYy[sk ljdkjh nLrkost eas gksrk gSA Hkkjr ,d fo'kky ,oa cgqHkk"kh ns'k gS] blesa yxHkx 1650 ls vf/d Hkk"kk,¡ miHkk"kk,¡ vkSj ckfsy;k¡ g]Sa 1991 dh Hkk"kk x.kuk ds vuqlkj 216 ekr` Hkk"kk,¡ 114 lewgksa esa lewghÑr gSA 22 e[q; Hkk"kkvksa dks lao/ S kfud ntkZ çkIr gS] budh l[a;k c<+kdj 36 fd, tkus dk çko/ku fopkjk/hu gAS fganh dks jk"VHªkk"kk ds lkFk&lkFk jktHkk"kk dk Hkh ntkZ fn;k x;k gAS [k.M&[k.M esa gh lgh fdUrq jk"VªjHkk"kk vkjS jktHkk"kk cuus dh ;k=kk eas fgnah fujraj vxl z j gSA lafo/ku lHkk us ^la?k dh jktHkk"kk* 'kCn dk ç;ksx fd;k] rFkk fganh dks ^la?k dh jktHkk"kk* dgk x;kA jktHkk"kk dk lkekU; vFkZ gS& jktdkt dh Hkk"kkA nwljs 'kCnksa eas ftl Hkk"kk ds }kjk jktdh; dk;Z fu"ikfnr fd, tk¡,A jktHkk"kk 'kCn ls] oSls nks fHkUu vFkZ Hkh fudyrs gS&a çFke jktk dh Hkk"kk] rFkk nwljk jkT; dh Hkk"kkA ijUrq pkgs Hkk"kk jktk dh gks ;k jkT; dh mldk vFkZ vkSj] vfHkçsr ç'kklura=k dks pyk;eku xfr'khy j[kus okyh Hkk"kk ls gh gSA Hkkjr tSlh tura=kkRej ç.kkyh eas nkgsjh 'kklu iðfr gksrh g]S ,d iðfr dsUæ rFkk jkT;ksa ds chp ç'kklfud ljksdkjksa dh gksrh gS vkjS nwljh çns'k dh jkT;&ç'kklu dh gksrh gS] blh dkj.k jktHkk"kk dh fLFkfr Hkh nks çdkj dh gksrh gSA çFke dsUæh; vFkok la?k dh jktHkk"kk rFkk f}rh; jkT;kas dh jktHkk"kk] ftls leku :i ls jkT; Hkk"kk dgk tkrk gSA l{aksi esa ge ;g dg ldrs gS a fd dsUæh; rFkk çknsf'kd ljdkjksa }kjk ljdkjh i=k&O;;ogkj rFkk jktdkt ds brj dk;kaZs ,oa lkot Z fud dk;ksaZ ds fy, ftl Hkk"kk dk ç;ksx fd;k tkrk g]S mls jktHkk"kk dgk tkrk gAS vkpk;Z uUna nqykjs cktis;h us jktHkk"kk dh ifjHkk"kk bu 'kCnksa esa nh g]S ^^jktHkk"kk mls

dgrs gaS] tks dsUæh; vkSj çknsf'kd ljdkjksa }kjk i=k&O;ogkj jktdkt vkjS ljdkjh fy[kk&i<h+ ds dke eas ykbZ tk;A** (ns[ka&s jk"Vª Hkk"kk dh d÷N leL;k,¡] i`-11] ys[kd vkpk;Z uUn nqykjs cktis;h) blh çdkj vkpk;Z no s sUæ ukFk 'kekZ us jktHkk"kk dks Li"V djrs gq, fy[kk gS] ^^jktHkk"kk dk ç;ksx eq[;kr% pkj {ks=kksa esa vfHkçsr g&S 'kklu] fo/ku] U;fk;ikfydk vkSj dk;ZikfydkA bu pkjksa esa ftl Hkk"kk dk ç;ksx gks mls jktHkk"kk dgaxssa** jktHkk"kk dk ;gh vfHkçk; ,oa mi;kxs gSA** (vkpk;Z nsosUæ ukFk 'kekZ % jk"VHªkk"kk fganh % leL;k vkSj vkSj lek/ku i`- 46&47) 14 flrEcj 1949 dks lafo/ku lHkk us fganh dks jktHkk"kk ?kkfs"kr fd;kA 26 tuojh 1950 dks lafo/ku ds ykxw gkrss gh ;g Hkh ykxw gks x;kA Hkkjrh; lafo/ku ds Hkkx 5]6 ,oa 17 ds dqy 11 vuqPNnskas esa la?k dh jktHkk"kk fganh dk foLrkjiwoZd foospu fd;k x;k gSA Hkkx 5 esa vè;k; 1 ds vUrxZr vuPqNns 120 rFkk lafo/ku ds Hkkx 17 ds pkj vè;k;ksa esa vuqPNsn 343 ls 351 rd jktHkk"kk ds lEcaU/ esa fo'kn~ foop s u fd;k x;k gAS jktHkk"kk vkSj fgUnh % gekjs usrkvksa us ;g fu'p; fd;k Fkk fd Lora=krk feyus ij ns'k eas tura=k dh LFkkiuk dh tk,xhA tura=k ds lQy lapkyu ds fy, vko';d gS fd jktdkt esa turk dh lgHkkfxrk gksA ;g rHkh laHko gS tc jktdkt turk dh Hkk"kk esa fd;k tk,A blh dkj.k lfao/ku lHkk us fu'p; fd;k fd la?k ljdkj dh jktHkk"kk fgUnh vkSj mldh fyfi no s ukxjh gksxh rFkk fofHkUu jkT;ksa esa ljdkj dk dkedkt mu jkT;ksa esa cksyh tkus okyh Hkk"kkvksa esa fd;k tk,A lgk;d fun'skd (jk-Hkk-) lkaf[;ddh ,oa dk;ZØe dk;kZUo;u ea=kky; 164] xkisky yky Bkd÷j jksM] dky s dkrk&700108 eksckby Z % 8296728587] 7890203194

Zdå~a - 2013

15 ISSN 2231-3079

jktuhfr fo'ys"k.k

v

lat; f}osnh

jlk gv q k ns'k us dsaæ esa iw.kZ cgqer dh ljdkj ugha ns[khA LoIu ljh[kk yxrk gS tc jktho xka/h us 1984 ds pquko esa 415 yksdlHkk lhVsa thrdj fnYyh esa ljdkj cuk;h FkhA bfrgkl ,sls volj fdlh fdlh dks gh nsrk gSA jktho xka/h dks ;g volj feyk] ;g vyx ckr gS viuh jktuhfrd vuqHkoghurk] vukM+h nksLrksa dh lksgcr vkSj dbZ xyr QSlyksa ls mudh ljdkj tYnh fookfnr gks x;h vkSj cksQkslZ ds /¡q, esa lc rkj&rkj gks x;kA rcls ysdj vktrd fnYyh dks ,d ,l s h ljdkj dk bratkj gS tks QSlyksa dks ysdj lg;ksfx;kas ds nckoksa ls eä q gksdj dke dj ldsA tks viuh uhfr;ksa vkSj dk;ZØeksa dks n`<+rk ds lkFk ykxw dj ldsA Hkkjrh; lafo/ku us vusd lao/ S kfud O;oLFkk,¡ djds dsaæh; 'kklu dks leFkZ cuk;k gS fdarq bu lkyksa esa geus ç/kkuea=kh dks gh lcls detksj ik;k gSA lÙkk ds vU; dsaæ] ncko lewg] lÙkk ds lk>snkj dbZ ckj T;knk rkdroj utj vkrs gSaA ohih flag] nsoxkSM+k] baædqekj xqtjky ls ysdj vVyfcgkjh oktis;h vkSj eueksgu flag ljdkj lcdh ,d dgkuh gSA bldk lcls dkj.k gS gekjs jk"Vªh; jktuhfrd nyksa dh foQyrk vkSj mQku ekjrh {ks=kh; vkdka{kk,¡A vkf[kj D;k gqvk fd gekjs jk"Vªh; jktuhfrd ny fleVus yxs vkSj {ks=kh; nyksa dk vHkwriwoZ foLrkj gqvkA jk"Vªh; ny gksus ds ukrs dkaxzsl dk ijkHko gv q k] Hkkjrh; dE;qfuLV ikVhZ vkSj ekDlZoknh dE;qfuLV ikVhZ dh rkdr ?kVh vkSj Hkkjrh; turk ikVhZ Hkh dkaxzsl dh NksM+h gq;h txgksa dks rsth ls Hkj ugha ik;hA tkfgj rkSj ij vf[kyHkkjrh;rk ds fopkj vkSj Hkko Hkh gkf'k, yx jgs FksA jk"Vªh; jktuhfrd ny

D;ksa fldqj jgk gS jk"Vªh; nyksa dk tuk/kkj {ks=kh; ikfV; Z ksa dh c<+rh rkdr ls vf[kyHkkjrh;rk dks feyrh pqukSrh

oSls Hkh Hkkjr esa cgqr T;knk ugha FksA lgh ek;us esa rks dkaxzsl] tula?k] lks'kfyLV ikVhZ vkSj dE;qfuLV ikfVZ;k¡ gh vf[kyHkkjrh;rk ds pfj=k dk lgh ek;us esa çfrfuf/Ro djrh Fkha fdarq gkykr ;gk¡ rd vk igq¡ps fd jktho xka/h dks ftl lnu us 415 dk cgqer fn;k] mlh lnu esa nwljh lcls cM+h ikVhZ rsyxw ns'ke Fkh& ;kfu fd ,d {ks=kh; ny Hkkjr dk çeq[k foi{kh ny cu x;kA ;g le; gh Hkkjr esa jk"Vªh; nyksa ds {kj.k dk çkjaHkdky gSA rcls vkt rd {ks=kh; nyksa dh 'kfä vkSj {kerk dks ge yxkrkj c<+rk gqvk ns[k jgs gSaA lektoknh vkanksyu ds fc[kjko us lks'kfyLV ikVhZ dks [kRe dj fn;k ;k os dbZ {ks=kh; nyksa esa caVdj {ks=kh; vkdka{kkvksa dh çfrfuf/ ikfVZ;k¡ cu x;ha

Zdå~a - 2013

vkSj cps gq, lektoknh dkaxzsl& Hkktik] clik tgk¡ Hkh ekSdk feyk ml ny dh xksn esa tk cSBsA ;g vk'p;Ztud ugha gS ukjk;.k nÙk frokjh] vtqZu flag ls ysdj Hkktik ds vkfjQ csx rd ,d le; rd lektoknh gh FksA fdarq le; cnyrk x;k vkSj jk"Vªh; nyksa dk çHkkeaMy de gksrk x;kA vkt gkykr ;g gSa fd fcuk xBca/u fnYyh esa dksbZ ny ljdkj cukus dk LoIu Hkh ugha ns[krkA tcfd jktusrk rks liuksa ds lkSnkxj gh gkrss gSaA fdraq okLrfodrk ;g gS vkus okys vke pqukoksa esa turk fdl xBc/ a u ds lkFk tk,xh] mlds fy, viuk d÷uck c<+kus ij tksj gSA ujsaæ eksnh tSls leFkZ usr`Ro dh mifLFkfr ds ckotwn Hkktik ifjokj esa fpark gS rks blh ckr dh pquko ds ckn gesa fdu&fdu 16

ISSN 2231-3079

jktuhfr fo'ys"k.k nyksa dk leFkZu fey ldrk gSA ;g Hkh lgh gS fd bl nkSj us fopkj/kjk ds vkxzgksa dks Hkh f'kfFky fd;k gSA ojuk D;k ;g lk/kj.k ckr Fkh fd ,uMh, dh vVyfcgkjh oktis;h ds usr`Ro okyh ljdkj esa mej vCnqyk] uhfr'k d÷ekj] jkefoykl ikloku] eerk cuthZ] v:.kkpy ds iwoZ eq[;ea=kh xsxkax vikax ds csVs rd ea=kh in ij ns[ks x,A ogha t;yfyrk ls ysdj paæckcw uk;Mw oktis;h ljdkj dks leFkuZ nsrs jgAs vkt dkaxzsl ds lkFk Hkh cgqr ls ny 'kkfey gSaA os Hkh gSa tks dy rd ,uMh, ds lkFk FksA ,sls esa ;g dguk cgqr dfBu gS fd jktuhfr esa vf[kyHkkjrh;rk ds pfj=k dks dSls LFkkfir fd;k tk ldrk gSA vf[kyHkkjrh;rk ,d lksp gS] laosnuk gS vkSj QSlys ysus esa çdV gksus okyh jk"Vªh; Hkkouk gAS {ks=kh; ny ml laosnuk ls ;qä ugha gks ldrs] tSlk jk"Vªh; jktuhfrd ny gksrs gSAa D;ksafd {sk nyksa dks vius LFkkuh; ljksdkj dbZ ckj jk"Vªh; fgrksa ls T;knk egRoiw.kZ fn[krs gSaA mej vCnqyk ;k egcwck eq¶rh dks D;k QdZ iM+rk gS ;fn 'ks"k ns'k dks muds fdlh dne ls nnZ gksrk gksA blh rjg uohu iVuk;d ;k t;yfyrk ds fy, mudk viuk jkT; vkSj oksV vk/kj ftl ckr ls i"qV gkrsk gS] os oSlk gh vkpj.k djsaxsaA fyês ds ekeys esa rfeyukMq ds {ks=kh; nyksa ds joS;s dk vè;;u bls le>us esa enn dj ldrk gSA {k=skh; jktuhfr fdl rjg viuk vk/kj cukrh gS mls ns[kuk gks rks jkt Bkdjs ifj?kVuk Hkh gekjh lgk;d gks ldrh gSA dSls vius gh ns'kokfl;ksa ds f[kykQ cksydj ,d ny {ks=kh; vfLerk dh jktuhfr djrs gq, jkT; esa ,d 'kfä cu tkrk gSA fuf'pr gh ,slh jktuhfr dk foLrkj u flQZ ?kkrd gS cfYd ns'k dks detksj djus okyk gSA bl rjg ds foLrkj ls flQZ dsaæ dh ljdkj gh detksj ugha gksrh cfYd ns'k Hkh detksj gksrk gSA blds fy, gesa bu dkj.kksa dh rg esa tkuk gksxk fd vkf[kj ,slk D;k gqvk fd ns'k vkt {ks=kh; nyksa dh vkokt T;knk lqurk gSA ns'k ds reke jkT;ksa tSls tEew&d'ehj] iatkc] rfeyukM]q mç] fcgkj] mMh+lk] if'pe caxky] >kj[kM a esa tgka {ks=kh; ny lÙkk esa dkfct gSa rks ogha vusd jkT;ksa esa os lÙkk ds çcy nkosnkj ;k eq[; foi{kh ny gSaA ,sls esa ;g dguk cgqr dfBu gS fd jktuhfr esa jk"Vªh;

jktuhfrd nyksa ds fny tYnh cgqjus okys gSaA {ks=kh; nyksa ds QSlys HkkoukRed vkSj {k=skh; vk/kj ij gh gkrss gSaA n'sk dh lkewfgd vkdk¡{kk,¡ muds fy, cgrq eryc ugha j[krhaA vius LFkkuh; n`f"Vdks.k ls ca/s gksus ds dkj.k mudh çfrfØ;k,¡ D;k :i ys ldrh gSa] bls ge vkSj vki rsyaxkuk dh vkx esa tyrs gq, vka/z çns'k dks ns[kdj le> ldrs gSaA njvly vf[kyHkkjrh;rk ,d pfj=k gSA Hkktik] tc mldk foLrkj cgqr lhfer Fkk] rc Hkh og ,d vf[kyHkkjrh; pfj=k dh ikVhZ FkhA vkt rks og ,d jk"Vªh; ny gS ghA blh rjg dE;qfuLV ikfVZ;k¡ Hkys vkt cgqr fldM ÷ + x;h gaS] mudh /kj dn÷a gks x;h gks fdarq os vius pfj=k esa gh vf[kyHkkjrh; lksp dk çfrfuf/Ro djrh gSaA blh rjg Mk0 jkeeukgsj ykfsg;k ds thou rd lektoknh ikVhZ Hkh vf[kyHkkjrh; pfj=k dh çfrfuf/ cuh jghA pkS/jh pj.k flag us Hkys gh mç] jktLFkku vkSj gfj;k.kk dh fiNM+k oxZ] tkV iêh esa viuk [kklk vk/kj [kM+k fd;k fdarq mudh yksdny ,d vf[kyHkkjrh; pfj=k dh ikVhZ cuh jghA bldk dkj.k flQZ ;g Fkk fd ;s ny dksbZ Hkh QSlyk yrss le; ns'k ds fetkt vkSj 'ks"k Hkkjr ij mlds laHkkfor vlj dk fopkj djrs gSaA iw js ns'k esa vius ny dh laxBukRed mifLFkfr ds ukrs os vius dkMj&dk;d Z rkv Z ka]s usrkvksa ij iM+us okys çHkkoksa vkSj QhMcSd ls tqM+s gksrs gSaA ckotwn blds vf[kyHkkjrh;rk esa vk jgh deh vkSj jk"Vªh; nyksa ds fld÷M+rs vk/kj ds fy, bu nyksa dh dfe;ksa dks Hkh le>uk gksxkA D;ksafd vktknh ds le; dk¡xsl z gh lcls cMk+ ny Fkk] ftlls ns'k dh turk dh Hkkouk,¡ tqM+h gq;h FkhaA ,slk D;k gqvk fd jk"Vªh; nyksa ls yksx nwj gksrs x, vkSj {ks=kh; ny 'kfä ikrs x,A fu'p; gh blds ihNs lcls cM+k dkj.k ;g gS fd gekjs jk"Vª h ; jktuhfrd ny {ks = kh; vkdk¡{kkvksa] Hkkoukvksa] muds liuksa dks lacksf/r ugha dj ik,A cM+s jktuhfrd ny ;g le> ikus esa vlQy jgs fd dksbZ Hkh jk"Vªh;rk] LFkkuh;rk ds la;ksx ls gh curh gSA LFkkuh;rk lg jk"Vªh;rk ds ewyea=k dks Hkwydj reke {ks=kksa] oxks± dh rjQ misf{kr fuxkgsa j[kh x;ha] mlh dk ifj.kke gS fd

vkt {ks=kh; vkSj tkrh; vfLerk,¡ nyksa ds :i esa ,d rkdr cudj lkeus vkbZ gSaA os viuh laxfBr 'kfä ls vc u flQZ çkarh;] LFkkuh; lÙkk esa çHkkoh gq;h gSa oju~ os dsaæh; lÙkk esa Hkh viuh Hkkxhnkjh lqfuf'pr dj jgh gSaA ,sls esa jktuhfr dh vf[ky Hkkjrh;rk dh Hkkouk dks [kjksapsa yxsa rks yxsa blls çkarh;] {ks =kh; vkSj tkrh; vfLerk dh jktuhfr djus okyksa dks cgrq okLrk ugha gSA os dsaæh; lÙkk dks lg;ksx nsdj cgqr d÷N gkfly gh ugha dj jgh gSa] oju ck&ckj fnYyh dh lÙkk ij dCts dk LoIu Hkh ns[krh gSaA nsoxkSM+k dks ;kn dhft,] ek;korh] eqyk;e] uhfr'k d÷ekj ds liuksa ij xkSj dhft,A feyh&tqyh ljdkjksa ds nkSj esa gj vlaHko dks laHko gksrs gq, ns[kus dk ;g le; gSA ;g rks Hkyk gks fd bu {ks=kh; {k=kiksa dh vkilh Li/kZ vkSj egRokdk¡{kkvksa dk fd os ,d eap ij lkFk vkus dks rS;kj ugha gSa vkSj NksVs LokFkksaZ esa fc[kj tkrs gSa] ojuk {ks=kh; nyksa ds vf/ifr gh ^fnYyh ifr* yc a s le; ls cus jgrsA blds pyrs gh dkaxzsl ;k Hkktik ds ikys esa [kM+s gksuk mudh etcwjh fn[krh gSA ckotwn blds ;g lp gS fd {ks=kh; vfLerk dh jktuhfr ls bl jk"Vª dk eaxy laHko ugha gSA jk"Vªh; nyksa dks viuh Hkwfedk dks c<+krs gq, vius vkRefo'okl dk çn'kZu djuk gksxk vkSj vius ne ij dsaæh; lÙkk esa vkus ds LoIu ikyus gksxsaA D;ksafd etcwr dsaæ ds fcuk ge viuh rsth ls c<+rh vFkZO;oLFkk] ns'k dh vkdk¡{kkvksa] liuksa vkSj Toyar ç'uksa dks gy ugha dj ldrsA ,d lefUor j.kuhfr cukdj vf[ky Hkkjrh; nyksa dks ns'k ds Toyar ç'uksa ij ,d jk; cukuh gksxhA dN ÷ lokyksa dks jktuhfr ls vyx j[krs gq, ns'k esa ,d jk"Vªh;rk dh psruk txkuh gksxhA dE;qfuLV ikfVZ;k¡ rks ns'k dh jktuhfr esa vçklafxd gks xbZ gSaA lektoknh vkanksyu Hkh fc[kjko dk f'kdkj gS vkSj varr% tkrh;&{ks=kh; vfLerk dh ukjsckft;ksa esa Qaldj jg x;k gSA dkaxzsl] Hkktik dh bl fn'kk esa ,d cM+h ftEesnkjh gS fd os vius vf[ky Hkkjrh; pfj=k ls ns'k dks tksM+us dk dke djsaA ns'k dh jktuhfr dh vf[ky Hkkjrh;rk dk okgd gkuss ds ukrs os bl pqukSrh ls Hkkx Hkh ugha ldrsA (ys[kd jktuhfr fo'ys"kd gSa)

Zdå~a - 2013

17 ISSN 2231-3079

'kks/ vkys[k

xksnku dk ukedj.k vkSj dFkkQyd Ñ

lqfprk ckM+k

fr dk ukedj.k lEiw.kZ jpukRed mís'; dk ifjpk;d gksrk gSA ukedj.k dh lkFkZdrk bl ckr esa gSa fd og igyh gh n`f"V esa jpukRed fLFkfr dks vfHkO;Dr dj nsA ,sls 'kh"kZd Hkh miyC/ gSa] tks jpukRed fLFkfr dks Li"V djus esa ckj&ckj pqd tkrs gSaA ftl 'kh"kZd dks ns[krs gh jpukRed dF; Li"V gks tk;] mls eqd÷V 'kh"kZd dgrs gSa] tSls ^jkepfjrekul*] ^vk;koZr*] ^lkdrs*] ^fueZyk* vkfnA bu 'kh"kZdkas ls gh Li"V gS fd jpuk dk foosP; fo"k; D;k gksxk\ nwljs izdkj dk 'kh"kZd og gS] ftlesa 'kh"kZd ds ekè;e ls fo"k; dk cks/ ugha gksrk] bls ?k?wakV 'kh"kZd dgk x;k gAS tSls&^xksnku*] ^deHZkfwe*] ^lsoklnu*] ^,d lefiZr ,dkar*] ^unh ds }hi* vkfnA ,sls 'kh"kZd ladsrkRed gksrs gSa] blfy, dF; dks vfHkO;Dr djus eas vlQy gks tkrs gSaA blds vfrfjDr Hkh 'kh"kZd dh pkj dksfV;k¡ cu ldrh gSa& 1- uke ds vk/kj ij& oSlk 'kh"kZd tks fdlh uk;d vFkok ukf;dk vFkok fdlh pfj=k ls lEcf/r gks] tSls& ækSinh] >k¡lh dh jkuh] iouiq=k] lq[knk] fueZykA 2- LFkku ds v/kj ij& oSls 'kh"kZd tks fdlh ns'k] ijns'k ;k {ks=k fo'ks"k ds vk/kj ij curs gSaA tSl&s lsoklnu] ,dnk ufSe"kkj.;s] eqnks± dk VhykA 3- oSls 'kh"kZd tks eq[; leL;k dks èofur djrs gks tSls& R;kxi=k xcuA 4- oSls 'kh"kZd tks Hkko&iz/ku gksa vkSj ftlls fo"k; dk /kjk ugha pyAs tSls& foorZ] xksnku] >wBklp] relA

bu lHkh 'kh"kZdksa esa flðkarr% oSls 'kh"kZd egRoi.wkZ ekus x, gSa] ftueas fo"k; dks èofur djus dh {kerk gks] fdUrq vkt fLFkfr ,slh cny xbZ gS vkSj ikBd bruk izcqð gks pd q k gS fd og 'kh"kZd ds ck¡diu dks ilUn djrk gS A oS lk 'kh"kZd tks gekjs Hkhrj ckSfðdrk dh Hkw[k iSnk djs] jpuk dks iwjh rjg v|ru i<+ tkus dh yyd mRié dj ns] oSlk 'kh"kZd lkFkZd ,oa mi;ksxh gksrk gSA ^xksnku* ,d ,slk gh 'kh"kZd gS] tks xksnku dh lEiw.kZ psruk dks bafxr djrk gSA ,d vksj ;g ukedj.k fo"k; dh vksj d÷jsnrk gS] nwljh vksj okpu ds ckn ^xksnku* dh d#.kk dks ,d 'kfDr iznku djrk gSA ;g 'kh"kZd izo`fr iz/ku gSA bl 'kh"kZd ls izsepan dk y{; gS& ,d lkekftd ?kVuk dks Li"V djukA gksjh ds ân; esa ^xkS* j[kus dh ykylk g]S fdUrq ifjfLFkfr ds ncko ds dkj.k mldh ykylk VwVrh pyh tkrh gS vkSj ejus ij gh ;g vfHkyk"kk ,d izrhd cudj iwjh gksrh gSA bl rjg dFkkud dh osnuk bl 'kh"kZd ds Li"V gks tkrk gSA txnh'k ik.Ms; us Bhd gh dgk gS] ^^xksnku* miU;kl ds ukedj.k esa jl&flfð rFkk 'khy&izdk'k dk cM+k gh O;aX; eeZ&la;ksx gSA bl miU;kl dk iz/ku y{; d#.k jl dh izLrqfr gSA fdlku gksjh dh lcls cM+h ykylk xks&LokfeRo dh gSA ,d xk; mlds njckts ij c¡/h jgs rks og lhuk rkudj py ldrk gSA mldh bl ykylk dk var ugha gksrk gS] ysfdu 'kh"kZd ckj&ckj ikBd dks m}sfyr djrk gS fd gksjh dh ml NksVh vkSj ifo=k ykylk dk Hkh gSA1 gksjh ds thou dh ,d gh lk/ gS xk; j[kukA blds fy, og u dsoy Jðk djrk gS] cfYd vuhfriw.kZ vkoj.k djrk gS] >wB cksyrk gS] [kq'kken djrk gSA ysfdu ckj&ckj mldh vuqdøy gksrh gqbZ vk'kk varr% ifzrdøy gks tkrh gAS fcMEcuk dk ogk¡

Zdå~a - 2013

vUr gS] tgk¡ og e`R;q ds d÷N gh io w Z blfy, etnwjh djrk gS fd xk; [kjhnrk gSA csgkslh esa og dgrk gS] ^rqe vk x, xkscj\ eSaus eaxy ds fy, xk; ys yh gSA og [kM+h gS] ns[kks!2 dadM+ dh [kqnkbZ ls og xk; izkIr djuk pkgrk gS vkSj vUrrksxRok yw yxus ls ej tkrk gSA vUr Hkkjrh; fdlkuksa dk var gSA Hkkjr dk gj fdlku gkjsh dh rjg VwVrk tkrk gS vkSj thou dh lkjh vfHkyk"kk,¡ feV tkrh gSaA gksjh Hkh viuh ykylkvksa dks fy, ej tkrk gSA nwljh vksj gksjh ds ejus ij pkjksa vksj ls vkoktsa vkrh gSa&^gk¡] xks&nku djk nks] vc ;gh le; gSA3 ;kuh xks&nku ds fcuk e`rkRek oSrj.kh dSls ikj djsxh\ fdruk dVw&O;aX; gs bl mfDr esaA laLÑfr ds Bsdsnkj ;g ugh ale>rs fd fcuk xk;; ls tc lEiw.kZ chr ldrk gS] rks fQj oSrj.kh D;k gS\ vkSj ;g thou Hkj xk; j[kus dk lq[k ugha feyk] mlds fy, ejus ij xks&nku dh mi;ksfxrk gh D;k gS\ ^xksnku* miU;kl esa jl dh n`f"V ls d#.kk ds Qykxe dh pje csyk rc vkrh gS] tc gksjh ls xksnku djk;k tkrk gS] ftls og thrs th ugha dk ldkA dSlh fcMEcuk gS fd djuk ugha djuk] nksuksa e`r gkjsh ds fy, leku gh gSA xksnku djk;k Hkh tk jgk gS rks xkS ugha mldh txg d÷N iSls gSa] ftlls xkS dh iw¡N Hkh ugha Nw ldrkA cht :i ls xkS dk liuk izkjEHk gqvk] mldk vfUre :i ;g æO; dadky gS] tks lqryh ds iSlksa ds :i esa gSA fLFkfr ;g gS fd /fu;k ds le{k mldk thou lkFkh NwV x;k gS vkSj iRuh&/eZ dk ikyu ftldk ,dek=k drZO; jg x;k gSA mlds ikl dsoy chl vkus ikSls miyC/ gSaA chl vkus il S s esa xk; j[kus dh vfHkyk"kk vius vki esa dVw O;aX; gSA ej.kklé gksjh dgrk gS] ^^esjk dgk lquk ekQ djuk /fu;kA 18

ISSN 2231-3079

'kks/ vkys[k vc tkrk gw¡A xk; dh ykylk eu gh jg xbZA vc rks ;gk¡ :i;s fØ;k&deZ eas tk;saxsA jks er /fu;k] vc dc rd ftyk,xh\ lc nqnZ'kk rks gks xbZA vc ejus nsA**4 og dFku ml flikgh dk gS] tks vktUe yM+rk gS] ysfdu Hkhrj gh Hkhrj ;g cjkcj VwVrk x;k gSA blhfy, gksjh dh mfDr esa ekfeZd ihM+k gSA /fu;k chl vkus iSls nsdj csgks'k tkrh gSA izsepUn ds ikl blds vfrfjDr dksbZ lk/u ugha gS rkfd /fu;k dh O;Fkk dgh tk ldsA miU;kl dk ;g var ^xksnku* ds ukedj.k dh lkFkZdrk js[kafdr djrk gSA fu'p; gh ;g 'kh"kZd izklafxd] lkadsfrd vkSj fof'kf"V gSA izsepUn us viuh dbZ jpukvks a ds ukedj.k ij iqufoZpkj fd;k gS] 'kh"kZd cnys gSaA tSls] ^cktkjs gqLu* dks mUgksaus ^lsoklnu* eas ifjofrZr fd;kA yfsdu ^xknsku* dk ;g ukedj.k mUgsa izkjEHk ls gh vkd"kZd yxkA bl miU;kl ds mnwZ laLdj.k dks iezspUn us ^xÅnku* iqdkjk gSA okLro esa ;g 'kh"kZd viuh ekfeZdrk] O;aX;kRedrk] ltxrk vkSj vFkZoÙkk dh n`f"V ls iHzkko'kkyh gSA ^xksnku& miU;kl ds fy, blls vf/d mi;qDr 'kh"kd Z dh dYiuk ugha dh tk ldrhA ^xksnku* dk ewY;kadu djrs gq, dbZ vkykspdksa us mlds dFkk&foLrkj dks ,d nks"k ekuk gSA tSusUæ d÷ekj ds vuqlkj] ;fn eSa fy[krk rks ^xksnku* djhc nks lkS iéksa dk gkksrk vkSj mlds dFkkud esa bruk QSyko u gksrkA5 ^xksnku* ds dFkkud esa vk, foLrkj dk dsUæh; dkj.k 'kgj vkSj xk¡o dh nqgjh dFkkvksa dh izLrqfr gSA lPpkbZ rks ;g gS fd bl miU;kl esa ,d lkFk de ls de lkr NkVsh&cM+h dFkk,¡ pyrh gSaA gksjh vkSj /fu;k dh dFkk xkc s j vkjS >fqu;k dh dFkk] flfy;k vkSj ekrknhu dh dFkk] Hkksyk dh dFkk }kjk izsepUn us xzkeh.k thou ds lkekftd xBu dks mifLFkr fd;k gSA blds lekuUrj miU;kl esa ukxfjd thou dh dFkk,¡ gSa] ftuesa jk; lkgc dh dFkk] ekyrh vkSj esgrk dh dFkk] jk; lkgc ds fofHké fe=kksa dh dFkk,¡ gSaA bruh lkjh dFkkvksa dks ,d lkFk ysdj ^xksnku* tSls egkdkO;kRed miU;kl ds :i esa lEcð djus dh pqukSrh izsepUn ds lkeus FkhA vkykspdksa ds chp yxkrkj ;g fookn jgk gS fd ^xksnku* esa ukxj dFkk ,oa xzkedFkk ds chp lhek rd larqyu gks ldk gSA

^xksnku* dh vf/dkf/d xzke thou dk gh gS vkSj bl dFkk dh lkjh 'kk[kk,¡ gksjh vkSj mlds ifjokj ls tqM+h gSA gksjh ds cgkus miU;kldkj us Hkkjrh; fdlku dh vkfFkZd&lkekftd n'kk vkSj nqnZ'kk ij iwjh varjaxrk ls fopkj fd;k gSA gksjh vusd vlaxfr;ksa vkSj la?k"kks± ds chp ^xksnku* dh xzkedFkk dks fodflr djrk gSA gksjh dh iRuh /fu;k] iq=k xkscj] cgw >qfu;k vkSj iqf=k;ksa lksuk&:ik ds ekè;e ls Hkkjrh; Ñ"kd ifjokj dk ,slk lPpk fp=k mifLFkr fd;k x;k gS ] tks izH kko'kkyh gS vkS j fo'oluh; HkhA dkykarj esa ekrknhu }kjk R;kxh xbZ flfy;k gksjh ds ;gk¡ vkJ; izkIr djrh gSA Hkksyk Hkh viuh xk; vkSj iq=kh >qfu;k ds cgkus gksjh ds lEidZ esa vkrk gSA csykjh xk¡o ds lHkh yksx fdlh rjg gksjh dh vkf/dkfjd dFkk ls tq>s gq, gSaA bl dFkk ds cgkus izsepUn us xzkeh.k thou ds gkgkdkj dks vfHkO;fDr nh gS] ysfdu ^xksnku* esa bl xzkedFkk ds lekukUrj uxj thou dh dFkk,¡ Hkh gSaA ;s dFkk,¡ gksjh ds tehankj jk; lkgc ds ekè;e ls izos'k djrh gSaA jk; lkgc ds cgkus y[kuÅ vkSj mlesa cls ekyrh] esgrk] fetkZ tSls vusd ik=kksa dh dFkk,¡ xksnku esa mifLFkr gqbZ gSaA ftl rjg ^xksnku* dh xz kedFkk dks >qfu;k] flfy;k] ekrknhu] ghjk] f>axjqh flag] nqykjh] Hkksyk] iqéh vkfn fey dj fo'oluh; cukrs gSa] mlh rjg uxj thou dks Hkh ekyrh] esgrk] [kék] fetkZ] xksfoUnh tSls yksxksa us visf{kr foLrkj fn;k gSA fu'p; gh ^xksnku* dk dFkkQyd csykjh ls y[kuÅ rd QSyk gqvk gSA ;g dFkkud iszepUndkyhu Hkkjrh; lekt ds nks Nksjksa ds izfrfuf/;ksa dks ,d lkFk izLrqr djrk gSA ladV vkSj vHkko dh O;k[;k bu nksuksa oxks± ds eu esa vius izdkj dh gSA xk¡o ds yksx ,slh xjhch esa th jgs gSa fd vatu yxkus ds fy, Hkh nw/&?kh ugha fey jgkA pkjksa vkSj foiérk dk lkezkT; gSA blds foijhr jk; lkgc tSls 'kgjh vfHktkr yksxksa dk larki fHké izdkj gSA jk; lkgc dh etcwfj;k¡ dk mYys[k djrs gq, gksjh us crk;k gS& ^^ge yksx le>rs gSa cM+s vkneh cgqr lq[kh gksaxs] ysfdu lp iwNks rks og gels Hkh T;knk nq[kh gSaA gesa vius isV dh gh fpark gS] mUgsa gtkjksa fprka,¡ ?ksjs jgrh gaSA**6 gksjh vkSj jk; lkgc dh dFkk,¡ ,d nwljs ls

tM q +dj iezspUn ds okLrfod earO; dks lkdkj djrh gSA ,d lkFk 'kgj vkSj xk¡o nksuksa dh dFkk,¡ mifLFkr dj izsepUn us Hkkjrh; thou dh lEiw.kZ rLohj j[kus dk ;Ru fd;k gSA dbZ vkykspd ^xksnku* dh vkf/dkfjd xzkedFkk ds lkFk ukxjdFkk ds la;ksx dks mi;qDr ugha ekur]s os ;g Hkwy tkrs gSa fd ;s nksuksa gh dFkk,¡ ,d&nwljs dh iwjd gSaA nksuksa feydj miU;kl dh rLohj dks iw.kZ cukrh gSaA izsepan ds bl miU;kl dks i<+rs gq, gj ckj ;g ladsr feyrk gS fd xknsku esa ukxfjd thou ds ?kVuk&izlax xzkedFkk dks vf/d fo'oluh; cukus ds fy, gh izLrqr fd, x;s gSaA Hkkjrh; fdlku ds la?k"kZ dh =kklnh ftu dkj.kksa ls bruh =kkln gS] mueas ukxj vfHktkr leqnk; dk fparu vkSj dk;Z Hkh ,d izeq[k dkj.k gSA blhfy, izsepan us xzke dFkk ds lekukUrj uxjdFkk dks j[kk gS rkfd Hkkjrh; fdlku dh v/ksxfr ds fofHké 'kgjh ngskrhdj.k mtkxj gks ldAs f'kYi vkSj laxBu ds uke ij ^xksnku* dh dk¡V&Nk¡V dh ckr djuk izsepUndkyhu thou&lR; dks [kafMr djus ds lekukUrj gSA okLro esa bl miU;kl dh xzkedFkk ds lkFk ukxjdFkk dh izLrqfr us dFkk laxBu dks dgha ls f'kfFky ugha fd;k gSA bu nksuksa dFkkvksa ds leUo; ls izsepUn dk mís'; vf/d /kjnkj cudj lkeus vk;k gSA ^xksnku* dh xzkedFkk vkSj ukxjdFkk ds chp u rks ,drk ds lw=kksa dk vHkko gS vkSj u muds vkilh lEca/ dgha detksj gq, gSaA izsepUn us xk¡o vkSj 'kgj dh dFkkvksa dk Lora=k fodkl djrs gq, vius vkSiU;kfld xBu dk ,slk la;kstu fd;k gS fd ^xksnku* dh lEiw.kZ dFkk vius ;qx dk niZ.k cu xbZ gSA lanHkZ ladsr& 1- txnh'k ik.Ms; % 'khyfu:i.k& flðkar vkSj fofu;ksx] i`0 642- xksnku] i`0 328 3- &&&ogh&&&&&& 4-&&&&ogh&&&&&& 5-&&&&ogh&&&&&& 6- tuSsUæ d÷ekj % J; s vkSj izs;] i`0 337- xksnku] i`0 19 lgk;d izkè;kfidk] fgUnh foHkkx efgyk dkWyst] pkbZcklkA

Zdå~a - 2013

19 ISSN 2231-3079

'kks/ vkys[k

larksa ds dkO; esa nhid gS] bldk O;kid vadu lar rqylh lkgc ds bl lkax:id eas iLzrqr gqvk gAS rsbZ ru` gfjr pSjs tc xkbZA Hkko cPN frlq ikbZ iUsgkbAZ usg fuof`Ùk ik=k foLoklkA kjrh; fpUru/kjk esa nhid dks Kku fueZy eu vghj fut nklkA ije /eiZ; i; nqfg HkkbAZ dk irzhd ekuus dh ijEijk jgh gSA lQ w h dfo vcVS vuy vdke cukbAZ 'ks [k uch ds izsexkFkk dkO; dk uke gh ^Kkunhid* rks, e#r tc Nek tM q +koaAS gSA lHkh eè;dkyhu lrakas us nhid 'kCn dks Kku /`fr le tkouq nsb tekosAA ds irzhdkRed vFkZ esa iLzrqr fd;k gAS dchj us eqfnrk eFkS fopkj eFkkuhA nhid 'kCn dk i; z ksx Kku ds vFkZ eas gh fd;k me vk/kj jtq lR; lc q kuhAA gS& rc efFk dk<+ ysbZ uouhrkA ^nhid X;ku lcn /fqu ?kaVkA foey fojkx lHqkx lqiquhrkA ije iqfj[k rg¡ no s vuUrkAA1 ;ksx vfxfu dhj izxV ;gh Kku dk nhid larksa dh n`f"V esa lk/ lc deZ lHqkklqHk ykbAZ uk ds {k=sk eas lgk;d curk gAS ije rRo dks cqfð fljkoSs Kku /`r izkIr djus ds fy, lHkh lk/dksa] lrakas us vius eerk ey tfj tkbAZA 'kjhj dks tykuk nhid ls gh lh[kkA nhid rc fo'okl :fiuh cqfð tyrk g]S rHkh T;kfsr dk vfoHkkZo gksrk gAS fo'kn /`r ikbZA lk/d Hkh tc ^Lo* dks frjksfgr dj nhior~ fpÙk fn;k Hkhj /jS n`<+ tyrk gS] rHkh mls cã z dh izkfIr gkrsh gSA blh lerk fnvfj cukbAZA rF; dks bl ifaDr;ksa esa vfHkO;t a uk feyh g&S rksfu voLFkk rkfsu xuq bl ru dh nhok djks ckrk eYs;w thoA rsfg dikl eas dkf<A+ yksgk lhpka ry s T;aw dc e[qk ns[kkSa iko s AA2 ,fg fof/ yslS nhi dchj us ckj&ckj Lohdkj fd;k gS fd xq# rst jkfl foX;ku e;AA dh Ñik ls ikzIr Kku dk nhid gh muds fy, tkrfga tklq lehi tjfga lcls cMh+ miyfC/ gAS bl Kku&nhi ds fcuk enkfn lyHk lcA4 dksbZ lra ân; ds Hkhrj gh jgus okys fiz;re ls lra dfo rqylh lkgc us bl lakx:id esa ugha fey ldrk gSA Kkunhi dh T;kfsr gh ek;k ds vU/dkj dks phj dj cã z ds lgh Lo:i ds nhid ds ?kh ls tyus dh izfØ;k dks j[kk gSA n'kZu djkrh gSA Kkuekfx; Z ksa dh gh Hkk¡fr xksLokeh lk/d ds eu dk Hkko xk; dk NkuSk gS] ftlds rqylhnkl us Hkh Kku&nhi ds tyus dh izfØ;k nw/ ihus ls xk; nw/ nsrh gAS fuo`fÙk dh Hkkouk xk; pjkus okyk vghj gAS lk/d ds fu"dke dks ,d lkax&:id dk ckuk fn;k gS& lk/uk n/ w dks xeZ djus dh fof/ gSA lUrk"sk ds lksgefLe bfr] of`r izp.MA iou ls dÙkZO;cks/ :ih 'khry gksrk gSA /; S Z nhi fl[kk lkbsZ ic z y ip z .MAA :i ngh Mkydj n/ w tek;k tkrk gSA vkre vuHqko lq[k lqizdklkA izléfpÙk gkd s j lqUnj fopkjkas dh eFkuh ls rc Hko ewy Hkns iez uklkAA3 thokRek oLrqr% ijekRek dh gh v'akek=k gS] lR; opukas dks jLlh yxkdj eFkus ls ifo=krk bl rF; dks thokRek eksgkU/dkj ds dkj.k ugha vkSj LoPNrk&:ih ?kh fudyrk gSA lk/uk dh tku ikrh gAS Kku dh T;ksfr ek;keksgtfur vU/ vfXu tykdj bl izdkj Kku :ih ?kh fudkyk z kj ds fodkj njw gks dkj dks lekIr dj vkRek dk mlds Lo:i dk tkrk gS] ftlls lHkh id q vkRe T;kfsr dk cks/ djkrh gAS vkRekuqHko ds Li"V izdk'ku ds tkrs gASa bl izdkj ds ?kh ls 'kð S tkrk gSA Kku T;ksfr dh fy, fdu&fdu oLrv q ksa dks vko';drk gksrh izdk'k pkjksa vkjs Qy

MkW0 fd'kksj lkgq

Hk

ifjdYiuk ds lkFk gh nhid ds :i esa larksa us czã&T;ksfr dh vfHkO;t a uk,¡ Hkh Hkjiwj dh gaAS mifu"knkas eas czã ds ftl fojkV id z k'k :i dh dYiuk gS] og lrakas dh ^czãT;ksfr* esa nf`"Vxr gksrh gSA lar ukud us mlds vykSfdd cã z dks vkjrh eas vkdk'k dks /jrh dk Fkky ,oa l; w Z pUæ dks nhid cuk;k gSA& xxu esa Fkkyq jfo panq nhid cuAs5 ân; eas fLFkr ml cã z &nhid dh ykS dks ns[kus ls Hkezkas dk fouk'k gksrk g&S tc eaS Fkk rc gfj ugha vc gfj gaS rSa ukfgA lc vaf/;kjk fefV x;k tc nhid n[s;k ekafgAA6 ;g cã z dk izdk'k gh bruk txex gS fd lkjk ll a kj id z kf'kr gks tkrk gAS tk;lh us czã&nhi ds id z k'k dh O;kidrk dh vksj ld a sr fd;k g&S /fu thou vkS rkdr fg;kA Å¡p txr eag tkdj fn;kA fn;k lks ti&ri lc mijkgkas fn;k cjkcj tx dNq ukghAa7 Kku T;ksfr vkSj czã T;ksfr ds O;kid jgL;e; lnaHkks± esa nhid dks viuh lk/uk ds lkeus ,d vkn'kZ ds :i eas xgz.k fd;k gAS L=kh&iq#"k ds e/jq lEc/ a ksa dh ftl O;kidrk ds lkFk larksa us viuh vViVh ok.kh esa Lohdkj dj izrhdkRedrk nh gS] mrus gh foLrkj ds lkFk nhid dks Hkh Kku vkSj czã ds izrhd ds :i esa ge vkt Hkh nhikoyh eas nhikas ls isjz.kk xzg.k dj eu ds fodkjksa dk v/ a dkj njw dj ldAsa rHkh ^relks ek¡ T;ksfrxEZ;* dh Hkkouk lkdkj gks ldxshA lnaHkZ ladsr& 1- dchj xazFkkoyh] i`0 142- &&&&ogh&&&&&&i0` 313- jkepfjrekul] mÙkj dkM a ] 117@1&24- rqylh lkgc dh ckuh] i`0 655- lar ukud] i`0 186- dchj xaFzkkoyh] i`0 1127- in~ekor] i`0 138vè;{k fgUnh foHkkx] VkVk dkWyt s ] pkbZcklkA 20

Zdå~a - 2013 ISSN 2231-3079

'kks/ vkys[k

lwj vkSj rqylh dk rqyukRed fo'ys"k.k

lwj vkSj 'kf'k ds :i esa fgUnh lkfgR;

ds vfopy izdk'k LrEHk gSA bu nksuksa gh egkdfo;ksa us fcuk fdlh ;'k vkSj vFkZ dh dkeuk fd, ftl dkO;/kjk dk l`tu fd;k] mldh iquhr jl/kj dk ikou Li'kZ ik leLr lkfgR; dk ekul ÑrkFkZ gks mBkA fuLlansg bu nksuksa dh ok.kh ls tks ân;ksa ds mn~xkj izdV gq,] os Hkk"kk ds –axkj vkSj Hkkoksa ds jRukdj gSA ,d gh okrkoj.k vkSj le; esa vkfoHkkZo gksrs gq, Hkh nksuksa ds dkO;{ks=k esa vUrj gSA yksduk;d rqylhnkl th us yksdj{kd jke ds lEiw.kZ ikou pfj=k dks vius dkO; dk {ks=k cuk;kA lkSUn;ksZikld lwj us uoxhrfiz;] papy] r#.k Ñ".k dks vius dkO; dk vkyEcu cuk;k gSA mUgksaus Ñ".k ds ek/q;Z i{k dks gh fy;kA blh izdkj dfork ds {ks=k esa rqylh dk n`f"Vdks.k fo'kky Fkk vkSj lwj dk ,dkaxh] ijUrq nksuksa gh vius {ks=k esa egku gSA lwj vius {ks=k esa rqylh ls cgqr vkxs gSa vkSj rqylh vius {ks=k esa lwj dks cgqr

ihNs NksM+ x, gSaA rqylh dk O;fDrxr mudh dfork esa dbZ :iksa esa >ydrk gSA os ,d lkFk gh HkDr] dfo vkSj d÷N va'kksa esa nk'kZfud gSA rqylh tSlk egku vkn'kZ lwj ds ikl ugha gSA ;gh dkj.k gS fd rqylh ftrus tuekul dks fiz; gS] mrus lwj ughaA rqylh dh jpukvksa esa uojl dk lqUnj fo/ku gSA lwj us dsoy okRlY; vkSj –axkj esa gh viuh izfrHkk dk peRdkj fn[kyk;k gSA pfj=k&fp=k.k dh n`f"V ls Hkh lwj rqylh ds lekus ugha Bgj ldrsA bldk dkj.k rqylh dk dkO;&fo"k; gSA Hkk"kk ds {ks=k esa Hkh lwj dh vis{kk rqylh dk vf/dkj vf/d gSA lwj dsoy czt&Hkk"kk ds dfo Fks] rqylh us vo/h vkSj czt nksuksa Hkk"kkvksa esa lqUnj jpukvksa dh gSA rqylh us izca/ vkSj eqDrd nkusksa 'kSfy;ksa esa jpuk dh gS] lwj us dsoy eqDrd 'kSyh dks viuk;k gSA rqylhnkl th us viuh dfork esa tgk¡ lHkh izpfyr NUnksa dk iz;ksx fd;k gS] lwj dk dkO; dsoy xhr&cð gSA ;g rks gqbZ ljw vkSj rqylh dh lkfgfR;d rqyukA bl {ks=k esa fdlh us lwj ij jh>dj dg fn;k] ^^lwj lwj] rqylh llh** vkSj fdlh us rqylh dh izfrHkk dks Lohdkj dj dg fn;k fd ^^lwj 'kf'k ry q lh jfo** vFkkZr~ rqylh gh fgUnh ds loZJs"B dfo gSaA ckcw ';kelqUnjnkl us fy[kk gS& ^^ry q lh dk {ks=k lwj dh vis{kk fHké gSA O;ogkj n'kkvksa dh vf/drk rqylh rFkk izse dh vf/d foLr`r O;atuk lwj ds dkO; esa izkIr gksrh gS] ij 'kqð dfoRo dh n`f"V ls nksuksa dk leku vf/dkj gSA** blh lEca/ esa feJ&ca/qvksa us fy[k gS]

^^ge yksxksa dk vc ;g er gS fd fgUnh esa rqylhnkl loksZRÑ"V dfo gSaA mUgha ds ihNs lwj dk uEcj vkrk gSA** vkpk;Z jkepUæ 'kDqy us lwj vkSj rqylh dh rqyuk dks ysdj tks foospuk dh gS] mldk lkj ;g gS fd& 1- rqylh dk ct z Hkk"kk vkSj vo/h Hkk"kk nksuksa ij gh vf/dkj FkkA mUgksaus vius le; dh izpfyr lHkh dkO; 'kSfy;ksa ij mRÑ"V jpuk,¡ dhA ;g ckr ge lwj esa ugha ikrsA lwj lkxj dh iðfr ij tSlh gh euksgkfj.kh vkSj ljl jpuk xhrkoyh esa fo|eku gSA ij jkepfj=k ekul vkSj dforkoyh dh 'kSyh esa lwj dh dksbZ Ñfr n`f"Vxkspj ugha gksrhA 2- euq"; thou dh ftruh vf/d n'kk,]¡ ftruh vf/d of`Ùk;k¡ rqylh us fn[kkbZ gS] lwj us ughaA 3- pfj=k&fp=k.k }kjk tl S s vkn'kZ ry q lh us LFkkfir fd, gSa] oSls lwj us ghaA 4- rqylh dh izfrHkk loZrkseq[kh gS] lwj dh ,deq[khA 5- rqylh esa yksdlaxzg ;k leUo; dk Hkko fo|eku gS] lwj dk è;ku bl vksj ugha x;kA bl izdkj 'kqDy th dh n`f"V esa rqylh lwj ls c<+dj gSA ijUrq bl izdkj dh rqyuk viuk dksbZ fo'ks"k egRo ugha j[krhA nkuskas gh dfo vius&vius {ks=k esa fgUnh lkfgR; ds egku dykdkj gSaA 'kks/ Nk=k fgUnh foHkkx] jk¡ph fo'ofo|ky;] jk¡ph

Zdå~a - 2013

21 ISSN 2231-3079

'kks/ vkys[k

uDlyokn % foLrkj ,oa ifj.kfr

duZy ,l0ds0 flag uDlyokn dk mn; ey w r% 'krkfCn;ksa ls 'kksf"kr vkfnokfl;ksa dh eqfDr vkSj mðkj gsrq tehankjksa] lwn[kksjksa] cM+s&cMs+ fdlkuksa ds fojks/ esa gqvk FkkA dkyZekDlZ] LVkfyu] ysfuu rFkk ekvks ds fopkjksa ls izHkkfor cqfðthfo;ksa us loZgkjk oxZ ds mRFkku gsrq Ñ"kdksa] vkfnokfl;ksa] Jfedksa dks laxfBr fd;kA laxBukRed mrkj&p<+koksa ds chp if'pe caxky ds nwj&njkt xko ¡ ksa uDlyckMh+ esa 2 ekpZ 1967 dks ?kfVr ,d ?kVuk us

Hkkjr esa okeekxks± vkradokn ds bfrgkl dks gh cny fn;kA uDlyckM+h xk¡o ds ,d vkfnoklh ;qod fc;y fdlu us viuh Hkwfe dks tksrus dk vf/dkj U;k;ky; ls izkIr dj fy;kA tc mlus vius [ksr dks tkrsus dk i; z kl fd;k rks LFkkuh; Hkw&Lokfe;ksa us vius xq.Mksa ds lkFk ml ij vkØe.k dj fn;kA ml {ks=k ds vkfnokfl;ksa esa bl ?kVuk dh tcnLZr ifzrfØ;k gbqZ vkSj cnys dh dk;Zokgh djrs gq, mu yksxksa us viuh Hkwfe ij dCtk djuk izk ja Hk dj fn;kA blds lkFk gh uDlyokn vkanksyu us ,d foæksg dk :i /kj.k dj fy;kA nks ekg ds Hkhrj vka/zizn'sk] if'pe caxky] mM+hlk] fcgkj] rfeyukMq] dsjy] mÙkj izn s'k rFkk tEew&d'ehj esa lh0ih0vkbZ0 (,e0) dks LFkkuh; bdkbZ;ksa ls lacaf/r lkE;oknh Økafrdkfj;ksa dks Hkkjh leFkZu feykA oSpkfjd :i ls phuh usrk ekvkRsls rxqa ds fopkjksa ls izsj.kk ysdj dfri; cqfðthfo;ksa us fu/Zu rFkk gkf'k, ij tk pqds vkfnokfl;ksa dks laxfBr fd;k] ysfdu /hjs&/hjs ;g vkanksyu fgalk ds cy ij

Zdå~a - 2013

jktuhfrd 'kfDr rFkk lÙkk gfFk;kus ds fy, ,d lk/u ds :i esa fodflr gks x;k gSA vc uDlfy;ksa ds yky lsuk esa fu/Zu vkfnokfl;ksa ds ;qod vkSj ;qofr;k¡ gh HkrhZ ugah gks jgs] cfYd mPp oxhZ; ifjokjksa ds ;qod vkjS ;qofr;k¡ Hkh blesa 'kkfey gks jgh gSaA D;ksafd mUgas vc fu;fer :i ls osru Hkh feyus yxk gSA f'kf{kr&iz f'kf{kr gksd j csjkstxkj jgus okys ;qokvksa dks N% gtkj ls ysdj iUæg gtkj #i;s rd ds ekfld osru nd s j mUgsa blesa HkrhZ fd;k tk jgk gSA blhfy, vc vkfnokfl;ksa ,oa nfyrksa ds vf/dkjksa ds laj{k.k dh yM+kbZ dk mís'; /hjs&/hjs xkS.k gksrk tk jgk gSA uDlyokfn;ksa ds 'kh"kZ usrkvksa ds jgu&lgu rFkk rkSj&rjhds esa Hkh cnyko vk jgk gSA vc uDlyokfn;ksa dks fu/Zuka]s nfyrksa vkfnokfl;ksa dk elhgk dguk csbZekuh gSA okLrfod /jkry ij ;s detksj rFkk ncs&d÷pys leqnk;kas ds izfr gh vlfg".kq gks x;s gSaA U;; w kdZ fLFkr g~;weu jkbV okp dh ,d rktk fjiksVZ ds vuqlkj uhph tkfr;ks ds fgrksa ds lja{k.k dh yM+kbZ yM+ jgs uDlyoknh laxBu vius izHkko okys {ks=kksa esa vkt vkfnokfl;ks a ij voS / dj yxkrs gS ] xzkeokfl;ksa ls Hkkstu rFkk Bgjus ds fy, LFkku dh ek¡x djrs gSa] vius oxZ ds 'kq=kqvksa dks vijgj.k djds gR;k,¡ djrs gSa] fodkl ds fy, vk; ljdkjh /u ,oa leku dks Nhudj fodkl izfØ;k esa ck/k igq¡pkrs gSaA uDlyokfn;ksa }kjk fo|ky; Hkouksa dks 22

ISSN 2231-3079

'kks/ vkys[k mM+k nusk] f'k{kdksa ,oa f'kf{kdkvkas dks i<+kus u nsus ds ihNs earO; Li"V gS fd os ugha pkgrs gSa fd f'kf{kr gksdj vkfnoklh ckgjh nqfu;k ls tqM+sa rFkk viuh méfr dk ekxZ pqusaA lM+ d s a rFkk iq y ] la p kj&O;oLFkk uDlyokfn;ksa ds fu'kkus ij jgrh gSA os vius izHkko okys {ks=kksa esa igys rks lM+dksa vkSj iqyksa dk fuekZ.k gksus gh ugha nsrs] ;fn gks Hkh tkrk gS rks mUgsa mM+k nsrs gSaA ;g loZfofnr gS fd lM+dsa fodkl dk laokgd gSA b/j fcgkj esa uDlyokn dk Lo:i le;&le; ij cnyrk jgk gSA mÙkjh fcgkj vkSj eè; fcgkj ds uDlyokn dh izo`fÙk ,d tSlh ugha jgh gSA tgk¡ mPp tkfr;ksa ds Hkw&Lokfe;ksa ds neu ds dkj.k eè; fcgkj ds x;k] vkjk vkSj tgkukckn eas ihiYql okj xqzi ds :i esa uDlyokn dk tUe gv q k] ogha mÙkjh fcgkj ds usiky dh lhek ls lVs lhekorhZ ftyksa esa Hkh uDloknh ds :i esa bu vkanksyu dk lw=kikr gqvkA uDlyoknh vkUnksyu ds 'kq: gksus ij gd dh ek¡x djus okyksa esa ,d u;h LQøfrZ ,oa vk'kk dk la pkj gqvkA uDlyoknh vkUnksyu us ,d Li"V fodYi lkeus j[kk fd ^O;oLFkk&ifjorZu ds fy, jkT;&lÙkk gkfly djuk vko';d gSA* bl lanHkZ esa pk: etqenkj ds vkB nLrkot iBuh; gSA bueas ls igys ikp ¡ nLrkot s Hkkjrh; dE;fquLV ikVhZ (,e) dks gh ,d Økafrdkjh ikVhZ esa cnyus ds iz;klksa dks js[kkafdr djrs gSa vkSj ckn ds rhu nLrkost ekdik ls eksgHkax o u;h ikVhZ dh /kj.kk dks vfHkO;Dr djrs gaSA lkrosa nLrkost esa rks mUgsa lkQ yxus yxk Fkk fd tu&vkUnksyuksa dks Nkikekj la?k"kks± esa cnyk tk ldrk gSA mUgksaus yMk+dø nLrs cuk;s tkus ds is'kd'k dh rFkk oxZ&nq'euksa ij geyksa dh odkyr dhA 23 ebZ 1967 dk uDlyckM+h vkUnksyu blh lkp s dh ifj.kfr FkhA uDlyckMh+ fdlkuksa ds foæksg dk lans'k iwjs ns'k esa QSykA tehuh fdlku la?k"kZ dbZ LFkkuksa ij 'kq: gq,A bu la?k"kks± ds QyLo:i ;g fopkj lqn`<+ gqvk fd gekjs ns'k esa e[q;varfoZjk/ s lkeraokn vkjS O;kid fdlkukas ds chp gSA bl izdkj l'kL=k la?k"kZ dh ;k=kk vkØked :i /kj.k djrh gqbZ vkxs c<+h vkSj vkxs pydj ,d okn (uDlyokn) cu x;hA uDlyckM+h fdlku foæksg ds xHkZ ls

mitk uDlyokn Vs<+s&es<+s jkLrksa ls xqtjrk gqvk vkt u dsoy orZeku gS] cfYd igys ls dgha vf/d izHkko'kkyh gks pqdk gSA ij bl vkUnksyu dh =kklnh ;gh gS fd ;g brus VqdM+ksa esa fo[kf.Mr gks pqdk gS fd R;kx ,oa mRlxZ dh felky gksrs gq, 'kks"k.kjfgr U;k;iw.kZ lekt dh LFkkiuk ds vius y{; ls ;g dkslksa nwj gSA ;|fi lHkh le;&le; ij fc[kjs gq, uDlyh laxBuksa dks ,dtwV djus ds i; z kl gkrss jgs gaS] ijUrq buesa vkfa'kd lQyrk gh fey ikrh gS A ;|fi lHkh u Dl yo k n h l a xBu e w y :i l s ekDlZoknh&ysfyuokn&ekvks fopkjk/kjk dks viuh xkbMykbZu ekurs gSa] fQj Hkh buesa xaHkhj vUrfoZjks/ ekStwn gSaA ;g lHkh laxBu Hkkjr dh vktknh dks ^>wBh vktknh* ekurs gSa rFkk bls ,d ^uo&mifuos'k* ds :i esa fpf=kr djrs gSaA vke rkSj ij lHkh ;gh ekurs gSa fd Hkkjr dh uotuoknh Økafr dE;qfuLV ikVhZ ds usr`Ro esa etnjwksa] fdlkuks]a fuEu iw¡thifr;ksa ,oa jk"Vªh; iw¡thifr;ksa ds la;qDr ekspsZ }kjk lEié dh tk;xshA vkSj ;g ekspkZ l'kL=k la?k"kZ ds tfj;s turk dh lÙk dh LFkkiuk djxskA Hkkjr ds vusd izns'kksa esa uDlyokn c<+us dk ,d egRoiw.kZ dkjd ;g Hkh jgk gS fd Hkwfeghu O;fDr;ksa dks tks tehu forfjr dh x;h] og ek=k dkxth dk;Z gh jgkA Hkwfeghuks a dks tehu dk ekfydkuk gd fey tkus ds ckotwn ml ij Hkw&Lokfe;ksa dk gh dCtk jgkA iSls vkSj ckgc q y ds lgkjs os Hkwfeghu esa forfjr tehu ij dCtk tek;s jgsA Hkwfe lq/kj dkuwu us ogk¡ ds xjhcksa ds eu esa ,d vk'kk txk;h Fkh vkSj tc mUgkasus ns[kk fd mudh vk'kkvksa ij ikuh Qsj fn;k x;k rks muesa vlarks"k dh vkx HkM+d mBh vkSj etnwj vkUnksyu dh tehu idus yxhA jktufrd nyksa us Hkh /fudksa dh enn dhA ;gk¡ rd fd dE;qfu"V ikfVZ;ksa us Hkh xjhc leFkZd gksus ds vius ?kksf"kr mí's; ds ckotwn vafre :i eas /fudksa dk lkFk nsrh jghA ;gh dkj.k gS fd Hkwfeghu nfyr [ksfrgj etnwjksa dks viuk vkUnksyu pykus ds fy, ,d oSdfYid eap dh ryk'k ds fy, ckè; gksuk iM+kA ;g eap feyk mUgsa uDlyh laxBuksa ds :i esa] ftlus mUgsa vius gd ds fy, yM+uk fl[kk;k vkSj l'kL=k la?k"kZ dh f'k{kk nhA vc HkwLokeh Hkh muds xqLls dk f'kdkj gksus yxsA uDlyh cus ;s

23 ISSN 2231-3079

Hkwfeghu [ksfrgj etnwj ljdkj vkSj lkearksa ds fnyksa esa dk¡Vs dh Hkk¡fr pqHkus yxsA Hkw&LLokfe;ksa ij viuk f'kdatk dlus ds mís'; ls mUgksaus viuh tkrh; lsuk,¡ cukuh 'kq: dj nhA bl ifj?kVuk esa vc rd dkQh ifjorZu vk pqdk gS] ysfdu mDr ifjisz{; esa ns'k ds vusd izns'kksa esa tks fgalk dh tax fNM+h] og vkt Hkh tkjh gSA uDlyh vkanksyu dk ,d eqík nfyrksa ,oa Hkwfeghuksa dh bTtr dk gSA pfw¡d ;g eqík lkekftd vieku ls tM q k+ gqvk gS vkSj nfyr tkfr;k¡ bldk LokHkkfod f'kdkj gksrh gS] blfy, bTtr ds loky ij mUgsa laxfBr djuk vklku gks tkrk gSA o.kZ vkSj vFkZ ls foghu nfyr tkfr;ksa dh vkSjrksa dk cM+h t k fr;k s a }k jk 'k k s "k . k H k h , d ,sfrgkfld&lkekftd lPpkbZ gS A mudh cgw&csfV;ksa dks bTtr ls f[kyokM+ djuk cM+h tkfr;ksa dk iqjkuk 'kxy jgk gSA ;gh dkj.k gS fd bl vkUnksyu ds fu'kkus ij LokHkkfod :i ls lHkh cM+h tkfr;k¡ vk tkrh gSaA ;g ,d ,slk eqík gS fd ftl ij fiNM+h tkfr;k¡ Hkh xksycan gksus yxrh gSaA ysfdu ges'kk ,slk laHko ugha gksrk] D;ksafd vkUnksyu esa dbZ eqís vkSj d÷N LokFkhZ rRo Hkh 'kkfey jgrs gSaA uDlyh vkUnksyu dk ,d izeq[k eqík gS gncanh ls Qkfty tehu ij dCtk djukA gnca n h ls Qkfty tehu ij ogk¡ ds Hkw&Lokfe;ksa us tcnZLrh dCtk dj j[kk gSA uDlyoknh ,slh tehu dks muds dCts ls Nhudj xjhcksa vkSj Hkwfeghuksa esa forfjr djus dk nkok djrs gSaA cM+s fdlkuksa ds vykok ,slh tehu ij d÷N eè;e fdlkuksa dk Hkh dCtk gS] D;kasfd cM+s HkwLOkfe;ksa us ,slh d÷N tehusa muds uke dj j[kh gSA ,sls esa gncanh ls Qkfty tehu ij dCtk djus ds la?k"kZ dk nk;jk foLr` r gks tkrk gS] ftlds ifj.kkeLo:i la?k"kZ fgald gks mBrk gSA gk¡ykfd uDlyh laxBu vius vkUnksyu ds bl eqís dks dkQh lQy crkrs gSa fQj Hkh tCr tehu ij [ksrh djus esa cgqr/k os ukdke;kc gks jgs gSaA okLrfod dCtk rks rHkh gks ldrk gS] tc tehu dk iêk Hkh gkfly gks tk,] ij ,slk gksrk de gh gSA [kfsrgj etnjwksa dh etnwjh esa o`fð dks ysdj uDlyoknh vius izHkko {ks=k esa tcnZLr

'ks"k Hkkx i`"B 14 ij Zdå~a - 2013

'kks/ vkys[k

deys'oj dh dgkfu;ksa esa Hkwr] orZeku vkSj Hkfo"; ;qlQ iqrhZ

ge orZeku esa Hkfo"; ryk'k jgs gSaA

Hkwr ls eqykdkr gksuk LokHkkfod gS] ij Hkfo"; ls HksaV gksuk nqyZHk gSA ;gk¡ ij fdrus Hkwr Fks] os ;gk¡ dh orZeku ls Mj dj Hkkx x,A ge muds in fpUgksa ij ;gk¡ ykirk Hkkfo"; ryk'kus vk, gSaA eaS blls la'kfdr gw¡ fd dgha gesa Hkh Hkwr cudj ;gk¡ ls Hkkxuk iM+sA D;ksafd os lkjs Hkwrksa dh 'kfDr] {kerk] izfrHkk vkSj ;ksX;rk orZeku ds le{k de ugha FksA ,slh dksbZ =kklnh muds lkFk gqvk gksxk] ftlls os yfTtr gks x, ;k muds le{k ftUnk jgus dh pqukSfr;k¡ vk;h gksxh vkSj mlls gkj dj pys x,A fo'okl lw=kksa ls irk pyk gS fd ;gk¡ ij Hkwr dh lkezkT; fo'kky HkwHkkx ij Fkh] ftl ij os fopj.k djrs FksA viuk jkt&dkt pykrs FksA mudh 'kfDr] {kerk vkSj izfrHkk] ;ksX;rk dk Kku rFkk ekxZ n'kZu Hkkoh ih<+h dks ilan Fkh] ij orZeku dks ughaA blfy, orZeku dHkh ugha pkgk fd Hkwrksa dh dæ fd;k tk, vkSj Hkkoh ih<+h dks LFkku fn;k tk,A o`ðkoLFkk rd dke djus dh 'kfDr vkjS {kerk] ;kXs;rk ugha jgus ds ckotwn f'kjh"k ds Qy dh rjg isM+ ij yVd dj [kM+j [kM+j djrs jgsA 'kfDr ;ksX;rk vkSj {kerk {kh.k gksus ds ckotwn jktflagklu dh xíh ls fpids jgsA orZeku dh ,slh izof`r;ksa] Hkkoukvka]s vagdkjh vfroknh izo`fr;ksa ds dkj.k gh Hkwr viuk cksfj;k&foLrj leVsdj jkLrk ukiuk gh mfpr le>kA fjDlk] VsEiksa ls ysdj cl] Vªsu vkSj Iysu dk fVdV dkVdj pys x,A vHkh ge vk, gSa] mUgha orZeku ls tw>us] eqdkcyk vkSj la?k"kZ djus ds fy, drkj esa [kM+s gksdj dnerky dj jgs gSaA dkSu lh cM+h ckr gS\ blesa vk'p;Z dh dksbZ ckr ugha

gSA tks chr x;k og xkjSoi.wkZ] xfjeke; rFkk egku Fkk vkSj vkus okyk gS] og Hkh vPNk gh gksxk ij vn`'; gSA deys'oj nqfu;k dh orZeku nksxyh O;oLFkk dh ekj >sy jgs vke turk] tks lekt esa uaxk 'kjhj fy, pqVdqyksa dh rjg ?kwers gq, csjkstxkjh dh ekj ls ckgj&Hkhrj jhrrk gqvk cngokl Hkkxrk fQjrk gSA dHkh O;oLFkk ij xqLls ls Fkwdrk gS rks dHkh xkyh nsrk gSA Hkwr nwj ls bl ukVd vkSj rek'kk dks ns[k jgk gS vkSj eu gh eu dgrk gS fd ;g O;fDr fdl izdkj orZeku ls letL; djsxk ;k vius Åij vkRelkr dj ysxk vFkok vius vkidks blls vuqdwy cuk ysxkA orZeku cM+h tfVy pht gS tks fdlh dks ugha Nks M+ rk gS A la l kfjdrk bldh lgHkkfxrk gS rks xqaMkbZ&?kksVkyk&Hkz"Vkpkj gsM cksl gS] tks f'kjh"k ds Qy tl S s tM+ vkSj /kM+ ls yVd dj [kM+j&[kM+j djrs jgrs gSaA ;s vkoktsa yksd esa pkjksa vksj O;kIr gSA blh 'kkjs&xy q vkokt esa Hkfo"; ykirk gAS lalkfjd lkekftd O;oLFkk dh ;s vkoktsa deys'oj dh dgkfu;ksa esa Hkwr] orZeku vkSj Hkfo"; ds :i esa ekStwn gSA chrk gqvk dy ;knksa dh rjg gh jgsaxs vkSj vkus okyk dy orZeku ls la?k"kZ djsaxsA ;gh la?k"kZ dh izo`fr;k¡ vkSj 'kSfy;k¡ vke turk dks jkgr vkSj rlYyh nsrh gqbZ izrhr gksrh gSA ij oDr gS fd mUgsa eafty izkfIr dh ykyhiksi nsrh jgrh gSA Bsysokys vkblØhe&yscsupwl dh rjg mlds dlSys Lokn dks yksx pwl jgs gSaA orZeku dh HkhM+&HkkM+ ds >a>korksa ls Mjdj gh Hkwr vius ijNkbZ;ksa esa fleVrs pys x,A D;kasfd

Zdå~a - 2013

vk/qfud oSKkfud ;kaf=kd ;qx dh okrkoj.k esa os vius vki dks leatL; ugha dj ik;sA leatL; djsa Hkh rks dSls\ ;gk¡ rks gj jkst fryfey dj ejus ds chp thou gSA Bgjko gS] 'kadk gS vkSj vd÷ykgV Hkjs nq%LoIuksa ds chp thou NViVkrs gq, jks jgk gSA dgha 'kd÷u ugh]a dgha 'kkfar ugha] ifjos'k bu uUgsa vcks/ksa dks vdsyk ikdj buds [kqf'k;ksa] [keksf'k;ksa] 'kkafr;ksa vkSj eaftyksa ls cykRdkj dj jgk gSA ;s lekt esa tk, rks dgk¡ tk,\ le> esa ugha vk jgk gSA deys'oj vke vkneh dks orZeku dh >a>korksa ds <sj ds Åij nkxsyh O;oLFkk ds Tokykeq[kh ds eqM a sj ij j[k fn;k gSA buds ikl Hkfo";] Hkrw vkSj orZeku ds nks Nksjksa ls yVdk gqvk gSA nwj&nwj rd Hkfo"; lkQ&lkQ fn[kkbZ ugha ns jgk gSA vkt dk ;FkkFkZ vke vkneh ds fo:ð gSA orZeku O;oLFkk dk laLFkku vkneh ds f[kykQ "kM;a=k'khy gSA ^^;g blh ns'k eas gks ldrk gS fd 'kke dks dkuwu ikl gks rks lkjk vukt xk;c gks tk;s vkSj nwljs fnu tc dkuwu rksM+ fy;k tk, rks eu ekus nkeksa ij fcØh ds fy, ogh vukt fQj fcØh ds fy, fudy vk;sA ;g blh ns'k esa eqefdu gS fd vkneh dks uaxk dj nsus ds fy, diM+k feysa diM+k cuk;s] nokvksa dh QSDVfj;k¡ yxkrkj c<+rh pyh tk;s vkjS vkneh nokbZ;k¡ [kjhnus yk;d u jg tk;s** (deys'oj % esjk iUuk)A vkSj ^^;g iwjk ns'k vc ,d Hk;adj nyny cu pqdk gS vkSj bls nyny cukus okys yksx izkphjksa ijdksVksa ij tkdj cSB x;s gSa vkSj nyny esa /k¡lrs] ne rksM+rs vke vkneh ds ej.k dk mRlo euk jgs gSaA** (ogh) vkSj 22

ISSN 2231-3079

'kks/ vkys[k ;g fdruk lp gS fd ^^iwjs ns'k esa cktkj tknwxj gks x;s gSaA** blh tknwxj O;oLFkk us ns'k ds vke vkneh dks thuk eqgky dj fn;k gSA lQsn vFkZO;oLFkk ds lkekukUrj ,d dkyh vFkZ O;oLFkk ds xqt a yd esa vke vkneh dk xyk dlrk tk jgk gSA ;g fo'k"sk :i ls xkSj djus ds dkfcy gS fd vkt orZeku dh bl ?kqVu ;k 'kks"k.k ds fo:ð vkleku jax cnyus yxk gSA ;g fdlh cM+s rwQku dk iwoZ ladrs cnyko dh ihfBdk gSA vkt vkneh fdlh Hkh izfrjks/h rkdr ls Vdjkus dh ladYi&js[kkvksa dks 'kCn nsus ds nkf;Ro dks vkt dk ys[ku le; >sy jgk gSA vkneh dh ijkt;ghurk esa mldk vdEi fo'okl gSA LoHkkor% vkt dh dgkfu;ksa esa vke vkneh dh leL;k,¡ vkSj muls tw>rs vkneh dk fo'okl gS] D;ksafd yM+kbZ vkfFkZd 'kks"k.k vkSj lkLad`frd fo"kerkvksa dh ljgn ij fu.kkZ;d :i esa yM+h tk jgh gSA bUgha lanHkks± esa deys'oj ds dgkfu;ksa esa Hkwr] orZeku vkSj Hkfo"; dh vUos"k.k ds ewy Lojksa dks js[kkafdr fd;k tk ldrk gSA muds dgkfu;ksa esa Hkkxrs Hkwr dh Mjkous =klnh vkSj orZeku dh Åc] d÷.Bk] ?kqVu] iyk;uoknh izo`fr] vukLFkk] VwVu] fo?kVu] for`".kk dk nyny rFkk ykirk Hkfo"; dh vd÷ykgV Hkjs ifjorZu esa NViVkrh thou ds n`'; dks lkQ] LoPN n`f"V vkSj laHkkoukiw.kZ ifjos'kksa esa ns[kk tk ldrk gSA muesa izoapuk&/kehZ vkn'kZ] tfVy y{; rFkk fn'kkvksa esa ?kqeko ugha gSA bl n`f"V ls dgha ^HkVds gq, yksx*] ^/wy mM+ tkrh g*S] ^rhu fnu igys dh jkr^] ^eqnksZ dh nqfu;k*] ^dLcs dk vkneh^] ^pk; ?kj*] ^jktk fujcafl;k*] ^lh[kaps* egRoi.wkZ dgkfu;k¡ gaSA bu dgkfu;ksa esa O;fDr ds dky dh fn'kk,¡ Hkwr vkSj oreZku ds Nkjsksa ij yVd dj my>s gq, gaSA ^jktk fujcfal;k* dgkuh dh izdkf'kr Hkfo"; dh lksís'; dh i`"B Hkwfe;ksa ds :i esa le>k tk ldrk g]S D;kafsd buesa lkekftd leL;kvksa vkSj vko';drkvksa ds lanHkZ esa vkRexzafFk;ksa dk fp=k.k fo'ys"k.k gqvk gSA ^rhu fnu igys dh jkr* dgkuh orZeku dh izse jax ds Lokfn"Vrk dks p[kus dh jpuk gSA ftlesa ehuk rhu&rhu iq:"kksa ds izse jax dks p[krh gSA budh nqfu;k esa orZeku dh >a>korksa ls leatL; LFkkfir djus dh fofp=k 'kSfy;k¡ gSaA ^enqksZa dh nqfu;k* eas fulkj dh thou ls Hkwr Hkkx x, vkSj orZeku ls vuqdøyrk izkIr lkfc=kh ds thou esa vVd dj Hkfo"; dh eksVk rktk cdjk ^uwj* dks [kks nsrk gSA bl izdkj mudks yxrk gS fd ^eqnksZa dh nqfu;k* esa Hkfo"; ykirk gSA lHkh orZeku eqnkZ gks x,A ^dLcs dk vkneh* vkSj ^lh[kaps* dgkuh esa vkneh dk orZeku lh[kapksa esa dlk gqvk gSA Hkwr rks igys ls gh muds ftUnxh ls tk pqdk gS vkSj Hkfo"; dgha fn[kkbZ ugha ns jgk gSA vkneh ds le{k Hkfo"; mM+rh /wy ls /qa/kyh gks xbZ gSA rwQkuh /wyksa ds bl /q¡/&vk¡/h esa orZeku vkneh dk Hkfo"; HkVds gq, yksxksa dh rjg vLr&O;Lr my>dj jg x;k gSA yksx ^pk; ?kj* dk jkLrk rd Hkwy x, gSaA dkyn'khZ fo'ys"kd deys'oj dh dgkfu;ksa esa vkneh vkSj lekt dh ;FkkFkZ cks/k lEizsf"kr gSA os ifjos"kksa ds ekè;e ls fopkjksa dks lEizsf"kr fd, gSa] ftlls dgkuh vf/d lkFkZd yxrh gAS orZeku dks ogu djuk vkSj fujUrj cnyrs ifjos'k dks dgkfu;kas esa mrkjuk deys'oj dh futrk gSA ^;qð*] ^ek¡l dk nfj;k*] ^Åij mBrk gqvk edku*] ^Qkyrw vkneh* ,oa ^cnuke cLrh* ,slh gh dgkfu;k¡ gSaA bu

dgkfu;ksa esa pyus okys thou la?k"kZ dk orZeku ;qð Fkeus dk uke gh ugha ysrk gSA gks ldrk gS fd thou dh fofHkf"kdkvksa ds vkxs eafty dks ns[kk gksA blfy, og le; dh rktkiu vkSj Hkwr ds in fpUgksa ls ?ku?kkjs la?k"kZ djus dks mrkoys gks mBs gaSA ftUnk jgus vkSj ejus ds chp thou pqukSfriw.kZ la?k"kks± dk lkeuk dj jgs gSaA ^ek¡l dk nfj;k* dgkuh dh tqxuw blh ifjos'kksa ds vFkZ dks lkdkj djrh gSA orZeku ds lkFk ftUnk jguk thou ds fy, fdruk vko';d gS vkSj blds vR;kpkjksa dks lguk Hkh ,d fofp=k thou'kSyh gAS budks ftUnxh esa orZeku ls tw>rs gq, Hkwr fn[kkbZ ns jgs gSa ij Hkfo"; fn[kkbZ ugha nsrk gS] fQj Hkh thou gS fd Fkeus dk uke gh ugha ysrhA blh lanHkZ esa dgkuhdkj deys'oj us dgk gS& ^^orZeku dh L;kg jkr uke ugha ysrh <yus dk] ;gh rks oDr gS] lwjt rsjs fudyus dh AA** ,sls yksd euksjatu yksdksfDr;k¡ Hkh bl orZeku dh dkyh jkr dh fjiksVZj ds lkaRouk cpuksa ds Hkkoh lwjt dks mxkus esa vleFkZ gks jgs gSaA fdruh tfVy gS ;g orZeku] ;g rks ^ekal dk nfj;k* dgkuh dh ^tqxuw* vkjS ^'kkgukt* ^vEek*] ^foydhl* tSlh ukfj;k¡ gh crk ldrh gSA ^Åij mBrk gqvk edku* dgkuh ds cgq&csVk nksuksa us rks ek¡&cki ds ?kj dks mBkdj cgq ds ek;ds esa ys tkrs gaSA bls ns[k dj csVk ^fo'ku* ds ekrk&firk Hkwr dks ns[krs gSa vkSj orZeku ls foæksg djrs gSa rFkk Hkfo"; ls Mjrs gSaA lqcg dk lwjt if'pe esa fudyrk gSA xaxk&;equk viuk fu;fer /kjk cny nsrs gSaA ;s orZeku dh fofp=kiw.kZ lkekftd 'kSfy;k¡ gSa] blfy, ^fo'ku* ds nksuksa ek¡&cki Hkfo"; ls Mjrs gSaA ^Qkyrw vkneh* Hkh Hkwr ls ugha Mjrk gS ij oreZku ls t:j Mjrk gSA D;ksfad ^lqtkrk* dk igyk izseh vesfjdk ds uhxzks leL;k dk vè;;u djrs gq, ^Qkyrw vkneh* cu tkrk gSA blfy, og O;fDr orZeku ls Mjrk gS vkSj Hkfo"; esa ,l s h ifjos'kksa dh ?kVuk u gksus dh Qfj;kn lekt ls djrk gSA D;ksafd os Loa; orZeku dk HkqDrHkksxh lkfcr gqvk gS vkSj lekt dks ;g lans'k nsus dk Hkjld i; z kl dj jgk gS fd ,slh nqjko`fr ykd s esa Hkwr] orZeku vkSj Hkfo"; esa u gksA 'kjhjksa ls 'kjhjksa dk vR;kpkj] laLdkjksa] ewY;ksa] pfj=kksa] / ekZa]s vkpj.kksa] fjfr&fjoktksa rFkk lkaLÑfr;ksa ls lkekftd vR;kpkj] cykRdkj] 'kk"sk.k u gksA blds fy, og O;fDr orZeku dh oSpkfjd dgkfu;ksa ds lekt esa odkyr dj jgs gSaA ;qlQ iqrhZ O;k[;krk fgUnh&foHkkx tkslsQ egkfo|ky rksjikA ftyk & [kw¡Vh] >kj[k.M fiu dksM & 835227 eks0 &7549170238 9905575915 lanHkZ xzaFkks dh lwph %& 1- lexz dgkfu;k¡& dgkuh laxzg] jktiky ,.M lUt d'ehj xsV] fnYyh&110006& deys'oj 2- tkWtZ iape dh ukd& dgkuh laxzg] jktiky ,.M lUt d'ehjh xsV] fnYyh&110006&

deys'oj

Zdå~a - 2013

25 ISSN 2231-3079

'kks/ vkys[k 3- nl izfrfuf/ dgkfu;k¡] dgkuh laxzg] fdrkc ?kj izdk'ku 4855&56@24] valkjh jksM] nfj;kxat] ubZ fnYyh& 110002 deys'oj 4- esjh fiz; dgkfu;k¡] dgkuh laxzg] jktiky ,.M lUt] d'ehjh xsV] fnYyh&110006& deys'oj 5- jktk fujcafl;k] dgkuh laxzg] jktiky ,.M lUt d'ehjh xsV] fnYyh&110006& deys'oj 6- c;ku] dgkuh laxzg] fdrkc ?kj izdk'ku 4855&56@24] valkjh jksM] nfj;kxat] ubZ fnYyh& 110002 deys'oj 7- ek¡l dk nfj;k] dgkuh laxzg] fdrkc ?kj izd k'ku 4855&56@24] valkjh jkM s ] nfj;kxat] ubZ fnYyh& 110002] deys'oj 8- vktknh eqckjd] dgkuh laxzg] fdrkc ?kj izdk'ku 4855&56@24] valkjh jksM] nfj;kxat] ubZ fnYyh& 110002 deys'oj 9- esjk iUuk (vkykspuk) lekarj lksp] 'kCndkj fnYyh ls izdk'; deys'oj 10- HkVds gq, yksx& lexz dgkfu;k¡] dgkuh laxzk g i`"B la[;k& deys'oj 11- /wy mM+ tkrh gS& lexz dgkfu;k¡] dgkuh laxzk g i`"B la[;k& 235 deys'oj

12- rhu fnu igys dh jkr& lexz dgkfu;k¡] dgkuh laxzg i`"B la[;k& 187 deys'oj 13- eqnksZ dh nqfu;k& lexz dgkfu;k¡] dgkuh laxzg i`"B la[;k& 199 deys'oj 14- dLcs dk vkneh& lexz dgkfu;k¡] dgkuh laxzg i`"B la[;k& 231 deys'oj 15- jktk fujcafl;k& lexz dgkfu;k¡] dgkuh laxzg i`"B la[;k& 130 deys'oj 16- lh[kaps& lexz dgkfu;k¡] dgkuh laxzg i`"B la[;k& 67 deys'oj 17- ;qð& lexz dgkfu;k¡] dgkuh laxzg i`"B la[;k& 335 deys'oj 18- ek¡l dk nfj;k& lexz dgkfu;k¡] dgkuh laxzg i`"B la[;k& 339 deys'oj 19- Åij mBrk gqvk edku& lexz dgkfu;k¡] dgkuh laxzg i`"B la[;k& 254 deys'oj 20- Qkyrw vkneh& lexz dgkfu;k¡] dgkuh laxzkg i`"B la[;k& 250 deys'oj 21- cnuke cLrh& lexz dgkfu;k¡] dgkuh laxzkg i`"B la[;k& 281 deys'oj

Lo0 ctjax yky Hkxsfj;k dh Le`fr esa jDrnku f'kfoj laiék fou; d÷ekj feJ ns'k ds izFke iz/kuea=h tokgj yky usg: ds tUefnol ij pkpk usg: ds Le`fr esa lkekftd dk;ksZ esa vius lgHkkfxrk ,oa tu lsok ds dk;Z esa fof'k"V igpku j[kus okyk Hkxs f j;k Qkma M s ' ku ds rRoko/ku esa prqFkZ jDrnku f'kfoj dk vk;kstu LFkkuh; xq:}kjk Hkou esa fd;k x;kA bl jDrnku f'kfoj esa 161 jDrnkrkvksa us jDrnku dj fiNys o"kZ ds fjdkW M Z 117 jDrnkrkvksa ds jDrnku dks ikj dj fy;k tks fuf'pr rkSj ij Hkxsfj;k QkmaMs'ku dh yksdfiz;rk o vke tu lg;ksx dk ifj.kke gSA Lo0 ctjax yky Hkxsfj;k dh Le`fr esa o"kZ 2010 ls Hkxsfj;k QkmaMs'ku ds

rRoko/ku esa jDrnku f'kfoj dk vk;kstu fd;k tk jgk gSA jDrnku f'kfoj dk mn~?kkVu pØ/jiqj ds fo/k;d y{e.k fxyqok] vuqe.My inkf/dkjh Nfo jatu] vuqe.My iqfyl mik/h{kd vkyksd fiz;n'khZ] uxj i"kZn vè;{k Jherh jks'kuh VksIiks ,oa iz[;kr fpfdRld dSyk'k ukFk ds }kjk la;qDr :i ls fd;k x;kA bl volj ij vius fopkj O;Dr djrs gq, fo/k;d Jh fxyqok us dgk fd Hkxsfj;k QkmaMs'ku ds rRoko/ku es a vk;ksftr prqFkZ jDrnku f'kfoj ls lekt dks fuf'pr :i ls izsj.kk feysxk] rkfd t:jr eanksa dks le; ij jDr fey ldsA

bl izdkj ds lektlsok ds dk;ksZ esa Hkxsfj;k ifjokj c<+&p<+ dj fgLlk ysrk jgk gSA ,sls LoLFk fØ;kdyki ls lekt dks ,d cs grj fn'kk feyrk gS rFkk yksxksa esa lkekftd dk;ksZ ds izfr :fp c<+rh gSA Hkfo"; esa Hkh bl QkmaMs'ku ds }kjk bl izdkj ds tudY;k.kdkjh vk;kstu fd;s tkrs jgsaxs] ,slk mUgsa fo'okl gSA bl volj ij 89 o"khZ; Jherh 'kkjnk nsoh Hkh mifLFkr gksdj jDrnkrkvksa dk mRlkgoðZu fd;kA dk;ZØe esa mifLFkr yksxksa us Lo0 ctjax yky Hkxsfj;k ds rLohj ij iq"i vfiZr dj mUgsa Jðkatfy Hkh nhA jDrnku esa 161 jDrnkrkvksa ds }kjk jDrnku fd;s tkus ds i'pkr Hkxsfj;k QkmaMs'ku ds eukst dqekj

Hkxsfj;k ,oa izeksn dqekj Hkxsfj;k us jDrnkrkvksa dk vkHkkj O;Dr djrs gq, dgk fd bl f'kfoj esa jDrnkrkvksa us ftl tkx:drk ds lkFk jDrnku fd;k gS mlls ;g izfrr gksrk gS fd yksx ekuo lsok ds izfr lefiZr gSaA mUgksus dgk fd jDr ekuo thou ds fy, vfr vko';d gSA bldh egÙkk izR;sd O;fDr le>us yxs rks fuf'pr rkSj ij ekuo dY;k.k vkSj tu dY;k.k ds fy, yksx rRij jgsaxsA jDrnkrkvksa us jDrnku dk;ZØe dks lQy cuk;k mlds fy, Hkxsfj;k QkmaMs'ku gkfnZd :i ls mudk vkHkkjh gSA jDrnkrkvksa dks Hkxsfj;k QkamMs'ku ds }kjk izek.k&i=k ,oa Le`fr :i iznku fd;s x;sA 26

Zdå~a - 2013 ISSN 2231-3079

'kks/ vkys[k

ukjh dk cnyrk Lo:i vkSj l'kDrhdj.k ukjh dh cnyrh bl vUrpsZruk esa eqfDr dh NViVkgV loZ=k fn[kkbZ ns jgh gSA bl eqfDr dh pkg ds ihNs lkfgR; dh vge Hkwfedk jgh gSA bl eqfDr dh pkg ds ihNs nwljs ns'kksa ds lkfgR; esa Hkh Økafrdkjh ifjorZu gks jgs gSaA psgjs dks viuh dFkkÑfr;ksa ds ekè;e ls mtkxj djus dk lkgfld dne mBk;k gSA

Hkkjrh; ukjh lekt ij Hkh iM+kA vrhr esa fL=k;ksa dks xkSjo'kkyh bfrgkl jgk gSA fdlh 'kDrhdj.k* 'kCn dk bfrgkl cgqr le; lekt esa L=kh vR;Ur Jðk dh ik=k Fkh iqjkuk ugha gSA fiNys d÷N o"kks± ls ;g 'kCn vkSj izR;sd /kfeZd Hkkouk L=kh ds :i esa bl rjg Nk x;k gS fd Mj gS fd dgha ;g vorh.kZ gqbZ FkhA mUgsa lekt esa lEeku izkIr viuk okLrfod vFkZ [kksdj L=kh&mRFkku dk FkkA L=kh ds :i esa mRifÙk esa ds laca/ esa i;kZ; u cu tk,A ekuo lH;rk ds bfrgkl izR;sd /eZ dh viuh&viuh ifjdYiuk gSA eas ,slk nkSj 'kk;n gh vk;k gkxsk] tc efgyk,¡ ek=k lukru fgUnw /eZ esa gh L=kh vkSj iq#"k bl rjg ppkZ ds dUæ esa jgh gksxhA iwjh dh mRifÙk dks lekurk ds vk/kj ij ns[kk nfqu;k dh vk/h vkcknh tks lfn;kas ls mifs{kr x;k gSA fL=k;ksa ds bl xkSjo'kkyh vrhr vkSj jgh gS] og vkt gkf'k;s ls mBdj lekt dh nklrk ds bfrgkl dks ns[krs gq, ,d iz'u eq[;/kjk esa lfEefyr fd, tkus ds ;ksX; mBkuk LokHkkfod gS fd chp ds le; esa ekuh tk jgh gSA vk/qfud ;qx esa ukjh dh ,slk D;k gqvk fd efgyk,¡ cnrj fLFkfr esa vUrpsZruk esa tks Økafrdkjh ifjorZu vk;k vk xbZ vkSj buds fy, l'kfDrdj.k dh gS] mlus fir` lÙkkRed O;oLFkk vkSj iq#"k vko';drk eglwl dh tkus yxhA ;g ,d lekt dks L=kh&foe'kZ ds iquewZY;kadu ds fopkj.kh; iz'u gS ,slk yxrk gS fd vkjEHk fy, foo'k dj fn;k gSA vè;kRe iz/ku esa iq#"kksa vkSj fL=k;ksa esa ySafxd Hksn dks Hkkjrh; laLÑfr dh ekU;rk gS fd f'ko NksM+dj vkjS dksbZ Hkns ugah FkkA nkusksa ds chp 'kfDr ds fcuk viw.kZ gSA ;g Hkh dgk tkrk utj vk jgk izR;sd foHkktu lÙkk&O;oLFkk gS fd ukjh vkSj iq#"k thou jFk ds nks ifg, }kjk fufeZr gSA lkearh lekt esa iq#"k us ukjh gSa] ftuesa ls ,d ds vHkko esa Hkh lekt dk dks vius v/hu fd;k vkSj iw¡thoknh lket larqyu fcxM+ ldrk gSA efgykvksa esa vk, esa ukjh vius dks eqDr ugha dj ldhA v/ Økafrdkjh cnyko vkSj l'kDrrk dh vksj hurk dk iz'u] lkekftd O;oLFkk dk iz'u c<+rs dne dh i`"BHkwfe us Hkh ,d yEck gSA D;k lkearh vkSj iw¡thoknh lekt ds iwoZ jkLrk r; fd;k gSA 1949 esa izdkf'kr fleksu ukjh&eqfDr dk iz'u fdlh :i esa fn[kkbZ n cmvk dh iqLrd ^lsdsUM lsDl* ls ukjh iM+rk gSA lkearh lekt esa gh igyh ckj ukjh eqfDr dh psruk fo'o Lrj ij ukjh eqfDr dh ph[k lqukbZ iM+hA1 ;gha ls 'kq: gksrh gS vkanksyu ds :i esa vkjEHk gqbZA bldk vlj efgykvksa ds 'kks"k.k dh vUrghu ;k=kkA

l

izHkk"k d÷ekj >k

'kks"k.k vkSj fo'ks"kdj ^;kSu 'kks"k.k* L=kh dh Hk;d a j =kklnh gSA tgk¡ rd lkekftd fLFkfr dk iz'u gS] ogk¡ lfn;ksa ls pyh vk jgh gSA tUe ds igys ls gh ek¡ ds xeZ esa iyrs gq, dU;k&Hkwz.k dks lekIr djus dh lkft'k 'kq: gks tkrh gSA ,slh fLFkfr essa tc l"`Vk gh ugha jgsxk] rc l`f"V dh D;k xfr gksxh\ efgykvkas dks ;kSu 'kks'k"k.k u dsoy Hkkjrh; lekt ds fy, cfYd fo'o Lrj ij O;kIr O;oLFkk dk lokZf/d fpUruh; igyw gSA yfsdu cnys ifjo'sk vkSj cnyrh ewY; psruk dks /U;okn nsuk pkfg, fd mlds izHkko ls efgykvksa us eq¡g [kksyus dk lkgl dj fy;k gSA ukjh dh cnyrh bl vUrpsZruk esa efqDr dh NViVkgV loZ=k fn[kkbZ ns jgh gSA bl eqfDr dh pkg ds ihNs lkfgR; dh vge Hkwfedk jgh gSA bl eqfDr dh pkg ds ihNs nl w js ns'kkas ds lkfgR; esa Hkh Økafrdkjh ifjorZu gks jgs gSaA psgjs dks viuh dFkkÑfr;ksa ds ekè;e ls mtkxj djus dk lkgfld dne mBk;k gSA ub dFkkdkjksa esa rlyhek uljhu] rgehuk nqjkZuh] fleksu n cmok] izHkk [ksrku] m"kk fi;aonk vkfn izeq[k gSaA izHkk [ksrku ds vkRedFkkRed miU;kl ^fNéeLrk* dh ukf;dk fiz;k vius gh HkkbZ ds }kjk fd;s x;s ;kSu&'kks"k.k dks mtkxj djus esa ugha

'ks"k i`"B 37 ij

Zdå~a - 2013

27 ISSN 2231-3079

fo'ks"k vkys[k

Hkkjrh; ifjisz{; esa efgyk l'kfädj.k fQYe m|ksx] dkjksckjh txr vkfn es a Hkh efgykvksa dh Hkkxhnkjh ftrsaæ ikaMs; vfoj k e :i ls vfHkjkerk ds lkFk c<+h fgyk l'kfädj.k dk ukjk okLro gAS vc os u dsoy iq#"kksa esa vc iqjkuk gks x;k gS] D;ksafd efgyk,¡ dh cjkcjh dj jgh gSa] vc gj {ks=kksa esa iq#"kksa dh cjkcjh dh ckr rks nwj] dbZ {ks=kksa esa muls vkxs fudyrs gq, vfirq] viuh lw>&cw> dk ifjp; ns rs gq , ] viuh l'kärk dk ifjp; ns jgh gSaA og gj vPNh rjg ls dk;ksZa dk {ks=] ftlesa dHkh&dHkh fxuh&pquh efgyk,¡ laiknu djrs gq, muls gh viuh mifLFkfr dk Hkku djk ikrh Fkha] dkQh vkxs fudy jgh ij vkt ds le; esa ,sls gj {ks=ksa esa Hkh bUgksaus gSaA viuh deZBrk] 'kfä dk ifjp; nsrs gq, efgyk vfèkdkjksa ds miyfCèk;ksa dk ijpe ygjk;k gSA ekeys esa vkn'kZ ns'k ds efgyk l'kfädj.k dh :i&js[kk ij :i esa LohMu ,l s k igyk tc eaFku fd;k tkrk gS rks bldk vFkZ jk"Vª cu x;k gS] ftlus efgykvksa esa vkRelEeku] vkRefuHkZjrk o efgykvksa ds çfr lHkh vkRefoÜokl gksus ls fy;k tkrk gSA bldh igy loZçFke 1985 esa efgyk varjjk"Vªh; HksnHkko ds [kkRes ds fy, la;ä q jk"Vª le>kSrs lEesyu uSjksch eas dh xbZA blds rgr efgyk dks Lohdkj djrs gq, çHkkoh dne mBk;k vfèkdkjksa dk iqjtksj leFkZu djrs gq, muds gSA ge Hkkjrh;ksa dk rks ;g vkn'kZ okD; gS çfr gks jgs HksnHkko] 'kks"k.k] vR;kpkj] fd ^;=k ukjh iwT;ars] jeafr r=k nsork* ;kfu vU;k; ds fo#ð vkokt cqyan djrs gq,] tgk¡ ukjh dh iwtk gksrh gS ogk¡ nsorkvksa dk buds eku&lEeku ds fy, ,d 'ka[kukn Qøad fuokl gksrk gSA egku nk'kZfud vjLrw us Hkh fn;k x;kA efgykvksa ds bu vfèkdkjksa ds dgk gS] ^fdlh jk"Vª dh mUufr ;k voufr çfr vkt iwjk foÜo ltx utj vk jgk gS ml jk"Vª ds efgykvksa ds mUufr ;k voufr vkSj ljdkj Hkh efgykvksa dks vkus okyh ij fuHkZj gSA* ;g fufoZokn lR; gS fd ukjh leL;kvksa ds çHkkoh lekèkku gsrq u,&u, dh fLFkfr ls gh lekt vkSj ns'k ds lkaLÑfrd dkuwu fufeZr dj jgh gSA vkSj ckSfðd Lrj dk irk pyrk gSA ,d lgh ek;us esa ns[kk tk, rks efgyk iq#"k ds f'kf{kr gksus ls ek=k og iq#"k gh l'kfädj.k ls ykHk flQZ efgykvksa dks gh f'kf{kr gksrk gS ijarq ,d efgyk ds f'kf{kr ugha vfirq laiw.kZ lekt o jk"Vª dks gSA gksus ij ihf<+;k¡&nj&ihf<; + k¡ f'kf{kr gks tkrh efgykvksa dk opZLo lekt ds gj {ks=k esa gSaA Lokeh food s kuan us dgk Fkk] ^lekt :ih çHkkoh gks jgk gSA iwjs foÜo esa efgykvksa ds x#M+ ds L=kh vkSj iq#"k nks ia[k gksrs gSaA ;fn vfèkdkj vkSj muds fodkl ij è;ku fn;k ,d ia[k lcy vkSj nwljk nqcZy gks rks mlesa tk jgk gSA jktuhfr] f'k{kk] çkS|ksfxdh] çcaèku] xxu dks Nwus dh 'kfä dSls fufeZr gksxh\* lkefjd o vkfFkZd {ks=kksa ds lkFk gh cSad] Hkkjrh; laLÑfr esa efgykvksa dks iq#"kksa

e

ls T;knk lEeku fn;k x;k gSA èkkfeZd dk;ksZa esa efgykvksa ds vuqifLFkr jgus ij èkkfeZd dk;Z lEiUu ugha ekus tkrsAoSfnd dky ls ysdj orZeku le; eas efgykvksa ds lEeku o vfèkdkj esa dbZ mrkj&p<+ko ns[kus dks feys gSaA efgyk l'kfädj.k esa f'k{kk dk çeq[k ;ksxnku gSA f'k{kk ,slh gkush pkfg, tks pfj= fuekZ.k djs rFkk vkfFkZd mUufr dh vksj ys tk,A bZekunkjh] dk;d Z ÷'kyrk] U;k;ijk;.krk] ns'k&çse tSls xq.k rstLoh cusaA Hkkjrh; laLÑfr esa oSpkfjdrk vkSj O;ogkfjdrk nksuksa esa lekukarj varjky ns[kus dks feyrk gSA ,d vksj tgk¡ ge 'kgjh efgykvksa ds jgu&lgu] pky&pfj=k vkSj fparu dks laiw.kZ Hkkjr dk psgjk le>us dh Hkwy djrs gSa] ogha ij xzkeh.k efgyk vkt Hkh viuh vkèkkjHkwr vko';drkvksa ;Fkk] bZaèku] is;ty] uwu&rsy dh O;oLFkk djus esa fnu&jkr yx dj viuk xqtkjk dj jgh gSA 28

Zdå~a - 2013 ISSN 2231-3079

fo'ks"k vkys[k Hkkjr tSls jk"Vª esa tgk¡ geus vius ns'k dks Hkh ek¡ dh laKk nh gS] ek¡ Hkkjrh ds mPpkj.k ds lkFk gh ge xkSjokafor gks mBrs gSa] ,slh fLFkfr esa Hkh vxj vkt ukjh vcyk cuh gS rks ;g ge ns'kokfl;ksa ds fy, 'keZukd o d"Vnk;d gSA efgyk l'kfädj.k ij Hkkjrh; lekt esa lnSo ,slh rkdrsa fo|eku jgh gSa tks efgykvksa dks fyaxkuqHksn ;k iq#"k çèkku lekt dh otg ls fojksèk djrh gASa efgykvkas us igys ls dkQh rjDdh dj yh gS] fQj Hkh vHkh dkQh d÷N fd;k tkuk 'ks"k gSA efgyk l'kfädj.k ds fy, Hkkjr esa iapk;rksa dks l'kä cukus ds lkFk gh dU;k Hkzw.k gR;k] cky fookg] ngst leL;k] 'kks"k.k vkfn ij fojke yxkuk gksxkA lkFk gh jk"Vªh; Lrj ij efgykvkas ds lkFk gh lekt esa Hkh tkx:drk c<+kuh gksxhA iwjs ns'k esa f'k{kk ij fo'ks"k è;ku fn;k tk jgk gSA yM+fd;ksa dh i<+kbZ dks ysdj 'kgjh turk ds lkFk gh xzkeh.k turk Hkh tkx:d utj vk jgh gSA lwpuk vkSj lapkj Økafr] f'k{kk dh egÙkk us ukjh ds fodkl o mRFkku esa çeq[k Hkwfedk fuHkk jgs gSaA vkt dh ukjh 'kks"k.k] vU;k;] Hkz"Vkpkj vkfn ds çfr fojksèk ntZ djrs gq, utj vk jgh gSA ,d LoLFk o fodflr ifjokj rHkh gksxk tc efgyk lkekftd] vkfFkZd] f'k{kk] jktuSfrd] O;ogkfjd o èkkfeZd lHkh –f"V ls l'kä cus vkSj tc lekt dh lcls igyk vkSj vko';d ?kVd ifjokj l'kä cuxsk rks lekt] ns'k vkfn vius vki l'kä

gks tk,axsA 2011 dh tux.kuk ds vuqlkj xk¡oksa esa] efgykvksa dh lk{kjrk esa iq#"kksa ds eqdkcys rsth ls o`fð gksrs gq, efgyk&iq#"k lk{kjrk vuqikr Øe'k% 58-75 vkSj 78-57 gks x;k gSA vkt gj ijh{kk esa yM+fd;k¡] yM+dksa ls vPNk ifj.kke ns jgh gSaA Hkkjr esa efgykvksa dks u flQZ lekurk dk ntkZ lafoèkku }kjk çnÙk gS] vfirq muds i{k esa ldkjkRed :[k viukdj l'kä Hkh cukrk gSA lafoèkku esa dbZ ,l s s vuqPNns gSa tks efgyk l'kfädj.k dks iwjh rjg ls lefFkZr gaAS tl S s] vuqPNsn 14] dkuwu ds le{k lekurk dks n'kkZrk gS rks vuqPNsn 15(3) efgykvksa rFkk cPpkas grsq fo'ks"k lqfoèkk dh ckr djrk gSA blh vuqPNsn 15(3) dk lgkjk ysdj 1990 esa jk"Vªh; efgyk vk;ksx vfèkfu;e ikfjr fd;k x;kA blh çdkj vuqPNsn 16] 39(?k)] 42 vkfn efgyk ds l'kfädj.k dks lqfuf'pr djrs gSaA ljdkj }kjk vU; ,slh laoSèkkfud O;oLFkk,¡ Hkh dh xbZ gSa ftuls efgyk l'kfädj.k dks cy feyrk gSA tSls& LFkkuh; fudk; pqukoksa] ukSdjh] f'k{kk esa vkj{k.k ds lkFk gh LokLF; vkSj vU; dbZ {ks=kksa esa ljdkj efgykvksa ds thou Lrj] lekftd] lEekfur Lrj dks Å¡pk mBkus ds fy, l'kä dne mBk jgh gSA orZeku esa lkW¶Vos;j m|ksx esa 30 Qhlnh efgyk,¡ osru o in ds ekeys esa iq#"kksa ls vkxs gSaA 11 çfr'kr efgyk,¡] m|ksxksa vkfn eas eq[; dk;Zdkjh vfndkjh gSaA l'kL=k lsukvkas esa budh Hkkxhnkjh 8 Qhlnh rks Hkkjrh; çcaèku laLFkkuksa esa 11 Qhlnh gSA mPN f'k{kk

leh{kk ds fy, iqLrd Hkstas

iLqrd leh{kk ds fy, lehf{kr iqLrd dh nks izfr Hkstuk vfuok;Z gSA iqLrd bl irs ij Hkt s as& n`f"Vikr] ts0,Q0 8@9] gjew vkoklh; dkWykush] jk¡ph&834002

'kks/ Nk=kksa@izkè;kidksa ds fy, fo'ks"k lwpuk foxr 9 o"kksZa ls yxkrkj izdkf'kr gks jgh vkidh fiz; ekfld ^n`f"Vikr* (ISSN-la[;k 2231&3079) iathÑr if=kdk gSA vki vius 'kks/&i=k dks bl if=kdk esa izdkf'kr djok ldrs gSaA bl lanHkZ esa eks0 la[;k 09471760495 ,oa 09031975537 ij laidZ ldrs gSaA

iz/ku laiknd

esa Hkh bUgksaus dkQh rjDdh dh gSA vkt gj {ks=k esa efgykvksa dk opZLo c<+k gSA efgyk dh vkfFkZd fuHkZjrk] mldh bPNk&vfuPNk ,oa lq>kvkas dh ifjokj] lekt o ns'k esa dæ gks] mls viuh ;ksX;rk c<+kus dk volj feys] èku&laifÙk esa gd feys] ns'k dh çxfr o xkSjo c<+kus esa og leku :i ls Hkkxhnkj cus] gj lqdk;Z esa mldk lg;ksx gks] og Lo&çsj.kk ls Lo&laxfBr gksdj vkRe'kfä ls Lo;a l'kfädj.k dh l=wkèkkj cusA vxj ,l s k gksrk gS rks ;g lcyrk vkSj lq;ks X;rk efgyk l'kfädj.k dh okLrfod igpku gksxhA blds fy, vkxs c<+dj ijaijkoknh O;oLFkk dks cnyus ds lkFk gh lekt esa ,d ubZ Økafr dk lw=kikr djuk gksxkA efgyk l'kfädj.k ds ifjisz{; esa ns'k dh rLohj cnyus ds fy, laiUu] lqf'kf{kr efgykvksa dks ,d Bksl igy dh 'kq#vkr djrs gq, vlgk;] xjhc] vf'kf{kr vkS j 'kks f"kr efgykvksa dh j{kk ds fy, vkxs vkuk gkxskA okLro esa l'kfädj.k dk ;gh Lo:i gh okLrfod :i ls Hkkjrh; lekt ds ikjaifjd Lo:i dks cnyrs gq, bls ,d ubZ fnlk esa vxl z j djsxk tgk¡ lcdks lekurk ds vfèkdkj ds lkFk gh ukjh oxZ dks mlds [kks , eku&lEeku ds lkFk gh cjkcjh dk gd feysxk vkSj ,slh fLFkfr esa gh okLro esa efgyk l'kfädj.k dk lw=k iwjh rjg ls okLrfod :i esa çHkkoh gksxkA ;g Hkh lR; gS fd efgyk l'kfädj.k ds egRoiw.kZ mís'; dh çkfIr dh jkg esa vusd leL;k,¡] vojksèk o ckèkk,¡ gSa] fdarq loZfofnr rF; ;g gS fd efgyk,¡ ifjokj] lekt o ns'k dh çxfr dh uhoa gSaA uhao dks l'kä o etcwr cuk, tkus ij gh lqn`<+ ,oa HkO; bekjr dh dYiuk dks lkdkj fd;k tk ldrk gSA bl rF; dks è;ku esa j[krs gq, ljdkj] lekt ,oa Lo;alsoh laxBuksa dks la;qä :i ls efgyk fodkl dk;ZØeksa ds fuekZ.k] buds lQy dk;kZUo;u o çxfr dks lqfuf'pr djrs gq, bUgsa lk{kj] Lokoyach o l'kä cukus gsrq gj laHko ç;kl djus gksaxsA ,d LoLFk vkSj fodflr lekt] ns'k dh jpuk gsrq efgyk l'kfädj.k csgn vko';d gSA blds lkFk gh ekuork rFkk iwjs foÜo dk dY;k.k] [kq'kgkyh] laiUurk] le`fð vkfn blh esa fufgr gSA

Zdå~a - 2013

29 ISSN 2231-3079

'kks/ vkys[k

izoklh lkfgR;dkj dh 75oha lkyfxjg ij fo'ks"k

j

vfHkeU;q vur

ktuhfrd tkxj.k ds fy, lkekftd {ks=k eas lq/kj djuk vR;ar vko';d gksrk gS] D;ksafd lkekftd tkx`fr ls gh jktuhfrd uotkxj.k tq M+ k gks r k gS A lq / kjoknh uo&tkx`fr ykus ds fy, ckcwjko tks'kh bls egRoiw.kZ ekurs gSa& ;g oxZ Hkkjrh; lekt esa iw.kZ Økafr dk vfHkyk"kh Fkk vkSj blds fy, mudk ;g n`<+ fo'okl Fkk fd lcls igys /kfeZd vkpkj&fopkj esa Økafr gksuh pkfg, fQj lkekftd vkSj ckn esa jktuhfrdA1 mifuos'koknh 'kklu dky esa vaxzsth f'k{kk ds dkj.k ns'k esa tks jk"Vªh; psruk lkekftd l/ q kj vkUnksyu ds :i esa fodflr gqbZ] muds dkj.k gh ns'k esa jk"Vªh; psruk lkekftd l/ q kj vkUnksyu ds :i esa fodflr gqbZ] mlds dkj.k gh ns'k esa jk"Vªh; tutkxj.k] lkaLÑfrd mRFkku] jk"Vªh; lkfgR; vkSj dyk ds fodkl ds :i esa lEHko gqvkA fczfV'k 'kklu dky esa fofHké lkekftd vkSj / kfeZd vkUnksyu Hkkjrh; turk ds fy, uotkxj.k dk dkj.k cuhA ekWfj'kl esa uotkxj.k dk bfrgkl Hkh ,slk gh gSA vfHkeU;q vur us vius miU;klksa esa lq/kjoknh uo&tkx`fr dh Hkkouk dks Li"V :i ls LFkku&LFkku ij of.kZr fd;k gSA lekt dh dN ÷ xyr ijEijkvksa dks rkM s +us dk iz;kl djuk Hkh lq/kjoknh tkx`fr ds gh vUrxZr vkrk gSA ,slh Hkkouk ds lUnHkZ esa rhljs fdukjs ij miU;kl eas feLVj lkE;w,y vius Hkk"k.k esa ,d LFkku ij dgrs gSa] ^^vkt Hkh gekjs lekt esa d÷N bruh vf/d lM+h&xyh phtsa ekStwn gSa] ftUgsa eksgo'k lekt vius ls gVk ugha ikrkA bu phtksa dks gVkus ds fy, gekjs ukt S okuksa ds gkFk tc lkeus vk, g]Sa rks

vfHkeU;q vur ds miU;lksa esa uotkxj.k ikou daMk;cq:

ge mu gkFkksa dks rksM+us dk iz;kl D;ksa djs\a2 fdlh Hkh xyr ckr dks pqipki ekudj mlh ds vuqlkj vius dks <kyuk xyr gksrk gSA izR;sd dks ;g vf/dkj izkIr gksrk gS fd og viuh le> ds vuqlkj gh lgh xyr dk fu.kZ; Lo;a ysa vkSj mlh ds vuq:i thou th;saA blh lanHkZ esa pqu&pqu&pquko miU;kl esa LofLr dgrh gS& ^^vki yksx ges'kk ls /kjk ds lkFk cgrs jgs gSaA blh esa lkFkZdrk le>h xbZA ij /kjk ds lkFk ejh gqbZ eNyh cgrh g]S ftUnk eNyh rks /kjk ds f[kykQ cgrh gSA** blh miU;kl esa LofLr ns'kokfl;ksa ls jk"Vªh; psruk ykus dh ckr dgrh gS] ftlls ns'k dh fLFkfr dks lq/kjk tk ldAs og dgrh gS] ^^gesa vius fiVs&fiVk;s fopkjksa ls eqfDr ikuh gSA gesa vius efLr"d esa Økafr ykuh gS vU;Fkk ns'k dh gkyr Åijh fVeVke ds ckotwn Hkhrj gh Hkhrj vkSj Hkh [kks[kyh gksrh pyh tk;sxhA**4 ns'k dh méfr rFkk fodkl ds fy, lq/kjoknh uo&tkxf`r vko';d gSA lq/kjoknh uo&tkx`fr ifjorZu ds }kjk gh laHko gks ldrh gSA bl lEca/ eas bl miU;kl esa LofLr n'sk ds O;fDr;ksa ls dgrh gSa] ^^nqfu;k dks fodflr gksuk pkfg,A vkneh dks fodkl djuk gAS fodkl ds fy, ifjorZu vfr vko';d gksrk gSA**5 ns'k dh ifjfLFkfr;ksa ls nq[kh gksdj muds lq/kj ds fy, iz;Ru djuk uo&tkx`fr dh vksj viuk dne c<+kuk gksrk gSA LofLr ds eu esa Hkh ns'k dh fLFkfr dks lq/kjus dh pkg iSnk gksrh gSA bl lEca/ esa bl miU;kl esa ,d LFkku ij ;g dgk x;k gS& ^^nks [ksrksa ds chp dh ,d ixMaMh ls LofLr d÷N fL=k;ksa

dks lj ij ?kkl dk cks>k fy, xk¡o dks ykSVrs ns[krh jghA LofLr ds Hkhrj vius ns'k dh fLFkfr dks csgrj cukus dh pkg dks tl S s fctyh Nw xbZA mls volj pkfg, FkkA**6 fdlh ns'k dh fLFkfr dks lq/kjus ds fy, vkSj vf/dkjksa dks ikus ds fy, ;g vR;ar gh vko';d gS fd ml ns'k ds O;fDr jktuhfrd {ks=k esa viuk ;ksxnku nsaA bl lUnHkZ eas xk¡/hth cky s s Fks miU;kl esa xk¡/hth ekWfj'kl okfl;ksa ls dgrs gSa] ^^jktuhfr ls nwj jgdj vki vius vf/dkjksa dks ugha ik ldrsA yksx vkidh bTtr djuk lh[ksa] blds fy, vki yksxksa dks lfØ; :i ls jktuhfr esa Hkkx ysuk gksxkA**7 ns'k dh fLFkfr dks lq/kjus esa f'k{kk dk viuk fo'ks"k egRo gksrk gS bl miU;kl esa xk¡/hth cPpksa dks f'kf{kr djus dh ckr dj tksj nsrs gq, ns'kokfl;ksa ls dgrs gSa] ^^bl ns'k ds Ldøyksa esa gjsd cPpksa ds fy, txg gksuh pkfg,A og f'k{kk gh gS] tks vkids cPpksa ds Hkh lkeus [kM+s gks tkus dh 'kfDr ns ldrh gSA** 8 bl miU;kl esa ,d LFkku ij fdlu egkRek xk¡/h dh ckr ls lger gksrk gS] ftlls ns'kokfl;ksa dks jktuhfrd {ks=k esa Hkkx ysdj ns'k dh fLFkfr dks lq/kjk tk ldrk gS vkSj vius vf/dkj dks Hkh fczfV'k yksxksa ls gkfly fd;k tk ldrk gS] dh ckr dh xbZ FkhA fdlu xk¡o okyksa ls dgrk gS] ^^gekjh NksVh&NksVh lHkkvksa ls rc rd d÷N ugha gks ik;sxk tc rd fd ml cM+h lHkh esa gekjs yksx cSBus ds gdnkj ugha gksrsA**9 viuh fLFkfr dks lq/kjus ds fy, ;g 30

Zdå~a - 2013 ISSN 2231-3079

'kks/ vkys[k vko';dr gS fd dHkh Hkh vU;k; ds lkeus viuk flj ugha >qdkuk pkfg,A bl lEca/ esa xk¡/hth cksys Fks] miU;kl es a ef.kyky ns'kokfl;ksa ls dgrk gS& ^viuk la?k"kZ tkjh j[kksA vU;k; ds lkeus dHkh >qduk er vkSj gk¡] viuh yM+kbZ v[kckjksa ls Hkh yM+ksaA fgUmLqrkuh ds lkFk&lkFk rqe nwljs i=kksa eas Hkh fy[kksA*10 f'k{kk ds }kjk fdlh ns'k dks mér vkSj fodflr cuk;k tk ldrk gSA ukjh f'k{kk ls rks ns'k vkSj Hkh vf/d fodkl dj ldrk gSA ukjh f'k{kk ls vf/drj ifjfLFkfr;ksa dks lq/kjk tk ldrk gS vkSj ns'k esa tkx`fr dh Hkkouk dks QSyk;k tk ldrk gSA ukjh f'k{kk dh ckr bl miU;kl esa lqxquok vkSj enu dh ckrksa ls Li"V gksrh gS& ^^eSa viuh yM+dh dks dkWyst Hkstuk pkgrk gw¡A** rqEgkjh yM+dh rks bl bykds dh igyh yM+dh gksxh dkWyst esa i<+us okyhA ;gk¡ dk bfErgku rks vPNh rjg ls ikl gqbZ gS u\** ^^vOoy vk;h gS] blfy, rks mls vkxs i<+kus dk gkSlyk tkxk gSA11 ns'k esa lq/kj rFkk uo&tkx`fr ykus ds fy, izR;sd O;fDr dk tkx:drk gkusk vR;Ur vko';d gksrk gSA etnwj esa tkx:drk gksus ls dksbZ Hkh ekfyd muls vf/d etnwjh ugha djok ldrk gAS bl miU;kl esa bl lEca/ esa ijdk'k etnwjksa dks le>krs gq, dgrk gS] ^^etnwj ls lkr ?kaVs vf/d dke ugha djok;k tk ldrkA mudh etwnjh rhu #i;s ls Åij gksuh pkfg,A muds fy, Nqfê;k¡ fu/kZfjr

gksuh pkfg,A nok&nk: dh vPNh O;oLFkk gksA vkSjrksa dks gYds dke lkSais tk;sa vkSj mudh etnwjh nks #i;s ls Åij gksA**12 ,drk esa cgqr cy gksrk gSA ,drk ds dkj.k gh dfBu ls dfBu isj'kkuh Hkh vklkuh ls gy dh tk ldrh gSA ^vkSj ilhuk cgrk jgk* miU;kl esa jkenjl etnwj ,drk dks egRo nsrs gq, etnwjksa ls dgrk gS] ^^t; t;dkj gekjh ugha] etnwjksa dh gksuh pkfg,A ge lHkh ,dlkFk cksysa] ^etnwj ,drk ftUnkcknA**13 vius vf/dkjksa dks ikus ds fy, vkokt mBkuk lq/kjoknh uo&tkx`fr ds vUrxZr gh vkrk gSA blh miU;kl esa gfj ljnkj ls dgrk gS] ^^ij rqe ;g tku yks fd vius ilhus dh dekbZ dks ge ysdj jgsaxs] ftruh nsj ls] mruh 'kku lsA**14 ns'k ls xyr phtksa dks gVk nsuk pkfg,A uo&tkx`fr ls ,sls dk;ks± dks gh vatke fn;k tkrk gSA 'kjkc dks vius ns'k ls fudky nsuk pkfg,A blds fy, bl miU;kl esa gfj ,d LFkku ij 'kjkc&fojks/h vkUnksyu 'kq: djuk gksxkA 'kjkc etnwjksa ds fy, tgj gSA15 lq/ kjoknh uo&tkxj.k esa ,sls O;fDr;kas dk ;ksxnku vf/d egRo dk gksrk gS] tks ns'k ds fgr ds fy, dk;Z djus dks rRij jgrs gSaA ns'k dks fodflr cukus ds fy, ftu yksxksa dk lg;ksx vf/d vko';d jgrk gS] muds lEca/ eas ^vkSj ilhuk cgrk jgk* miU;kl esa Li"V :i ls dgk gS] ^^ns'k dh méfr ds fy, cM+s&cM+s fo}kuksa] MkWDVjksa] odhyksa]

bathfu;jksa rFkk /uifr;ksa ls dgha vf/d vko';drk lkglh] fu%LokFkZ vkSj bZekunkj yksxksa dh gksuh pkfg,A**16 Li"V gS fd vfHkeU;q vur ds miU;klksa esa lq/kjoknh uo&tkx`fr dh Hkkouk foLr`r :i ls fpf=kr gksrh gS] ftlds }kjk ns'k dh fLFkfr dks dkQh gn rd lq/kjk tk ldk gSA lanHkZ ladsr& 1- ckcwjko tks'kh % Hkkjrh; totkxj.k dk bfrgkl] i`0 192- vfHkeU;q vur % rhljs fdukjs ij] i`0 2303- vfHkeU;q vur % pqu pqu pquko] i`0 1114- &&&&&&&&ogh&&&&&&&&&&&&&& 5-&&&&&&&&ogh&&&&&& i`0 1436- &&&&&&&ogh&&&&&&&i`0 1787- vfHkeU;q vur % xk¡/h th cksys Fks] i`0 678- &&&&&&&ogh&&&&&&&&&&& 9- &&&&&&&ogh&&&&&& i`0 6810- &&&&&&&ogh&&&&& i`0 16711- &&&&&&&ogh&&&&& i`0 23212- &&&&&&&ogh&&&&& i`0 22613- vfHkeU;q vur % vkSj ilhuk cgrk jgk] i`0 14814- &&&&&&&ogh&&&&&&i`0 18715- &&&&&&&ogh&&&&&&i`0 26716- &&&&&&&ogh&&&&&&i`0 320'kks/Nk=k] fgUnh foHkkx dksYgku fo'ofo|ky;] pkbZcklk

tc i= iqLrd cu x;s Ñ".k d÷ekj ;kno

Jh cky'kkjSh jsìh ds lkFk Ñ".k d÷ekj ;kno

nf{k.k Hkkjr ds lqfo[;kr lkfgR;dkj ,oa pankekek if=kdk ds iwoZ lEiknd Jh cky'kkSjh jsìh th dks fy[ks reke i=k iqLrdkdkj :i esa ^i=kksa ds ekè;e ls lkfgR;dkj dh igpku* uke ls çdkf'kr gq, gSa] ftlesa jktusrkvksa ls ysdj lkfgR;dkj] f'k{kkfon vkSj reke yksxksa ds i=k 'kkfey gSaA ;g iqLrd i=k&fo/k dh egÙkk dks js[kkafdr djrh gSA mez ipiu dh] fnu cpiu ds : ^pankekek* if=kdk ;kn gS uA cpiu ls ysdj ,d yEcs le; rd bls ge [kwc eu ls i<+k djrs FksA blds rRdkyhu laiknd Jh cky'kkSjh jsìh th ls jk"Vªh; iqLrd esyk] bykgkckn esa eqykdkr gqbZ rks lq[kn vuqHkwfr gqbZA muls xq¶rxw gqbZ] fopkjksa dk vknku&çnku gqvkA geus mudh jpuk/feZrk dks lquk vkSj mUgksaus gekjh jpuk&;k=kk dksA nksuksa us ,d&nwljs dks ljkgkA jsìh th mez esa gels iwjs ipkl lky cM+s gSa] ij ftankfnyh esa dksbZ deh ugha gSA

Zdå~a - 2013

31 ISSN 2231-3079

'kks/ vkys[k

fnudj dh lkfgR; lk/kuk vatuh d÷ekj jk;

fcgkj izkUr ds eqaxsj ftys ds flefj;k uked xzke esa jke/kjh flag ^fnudj* dk tUe& 1965 esa gqvk FkkA iVuk fo'ofo|ky; ls mUgkasus ch0,0 (vkWulZ) fd;k vkjS rnqijkUr os ljdkjh foHkkx esa jftLVªkj in ij dk;Z djrs jgsA os eqt¶Qjijq ds dkWyst esa izkpk;Z Hkh jgsA n'sk ds Lora=k gksus ij vkidh ;kXs;rk vkSj izfrHkk dk mfpr lEeku gqvkA fnudj th jk"Vªifr }kjk Hkkjrh; laln ds lnL; pqus x;sA ijUrq fnudj th ds thou dk dk;Z{ks=k eq[;r% lkfgR;&lk/uk gh jgk gSA dfork ls mUgas izkjEHk ls gh #fp FkhA tc os gkbZ&Ldøy ds Nk=k Fks rHkh mUgksaus ^iz.kHkax* uked dkO; iqLrd dh jpuk dh FkhA dfork ds {ks=k esa mUgsa ;Fks"V vknj vksj lEeku Hkh izkIr gqvk gSA fnudj th dsoy dfo gh ugha] vusd fo"k;ksa ds xaHkhj fo}ku~ FksA bfrgkl] n'kZu] /eZ] jktuhfr] laLÑfr vkfn vkids vè;;u ds eq[; fo"k; gSaA fgUnh ds vfrfjDr caxyk] laLÑr vkSj mnwZ ds vPNs Kkrk FksA dkO; xzaFk& js.kqdk] jloarh] }U}xhr] gqdkja] jke/uh] ckiw] ex/&efgek] ,dk;u] bfrgkl ds vk¡lw] /wi vkSj /q¡vk] uhe ds iÙks] fnYyh] ckjnkSyh fot;] lhih vkSj 'ka[k] ij'kqjke dh izrh{kA izc/ a &dkO; % d÷:{ks=k] jf'ejFkh] moZ'khA lekykspuk % feêh dh vksjA bfrgkl&laLÑfr % laLÑfr ds pkj vè;k;A ckyksi;ksxh lkfgR; % fepZ dk etk] /wi&Nk¡g] fprkSM+ dk lkdkA dkO;&lk/uk fgUnh lalkj esa tc Nk;koknh dfo;ksa dh u, Nanksa] u, Hkkoksa u, vyadkjksa vkSj u, 'kCnksa dh ped&ned ls txex djrh uktqd dforkvksa dh /we Fkh] tc uohu

dkO;k/kjk ds ;qx&izoÙkZd thou dh ;kFkkFkZ leL;kvksa ls Hk;Hkhr cu jaxhu dYiukvksa dh LofIuy nqfu;k eas izse vkSj lkaSn;Z ds xhr xk jgs Fks] tc os izÑfr dks viuh lgpjh cuk] viuh ekufld vr`fIr dks i`fIr dk :i iznku dj jgs Fks] tcfd vlhe vkSj vklhe dh my>u esa mudh dfork viuh xfr [kks cSBh Fkh] ,sls le; esa fcgkj dk ;g dfo viuh Økafrdkjh dkO;&izfrHkk dks ysdj lkfgR;&lalkj esa vorh.kZ gqvkA mlus Nk;koknh dfo;ksa dk vuqxeu dj izse vkSj lkaSn;Z ds cklh xhr ugha xk, vkSj u dYiuk ds o`{kksa liuksa ds ?kkaslys clk,A mldk O;fDrRo Økafrdkjh FkkA mlds ân; esa ihfM+r Hkkjr dh n;uh; n'kk ds izfr Hkh"k.k foæksg FkkA mldh ok.kh esa bl foæksg dh Tokyk Qø¡dus gsrq vkx FkhA mldks vk¡[kksa esa vrhr ds xkSjo ds Lof.kZe fp=kksa dk rjy gkl Fkk vkSj lkFk gh ijk/hu Hkkjr dh n;uh; voLFkk ij xeZ jDr ds vk¡lw FksA mldh jx&jx esa Los'k&isze] jk"Vªh;rk vkS j ;q x &;q x ls ihfM+ r fdlku&etnwjksa ds fy, lgkuqHkwfr O;kIr FkhA fnudj ds bl iz[kj O;fDrRo us fnudj dh dye dks vkx nh] rM+i vkSj foLQksV fn;kA mlus vrhr ds xhr xk;s vkSj orZeku ij vk¡lw cgkdj gh pqi ugha jgk] mlus orZeku ds izfr foæksg fd;k vkSj jk"Vªh; tkxj.k ds fy, Økafr dk 'ka[kukn fd;kA ;qx&;qx ls frjLÑr nhu&nfyr Ñ"kdksa vkSj etnwjksa dks cy fn;k vkSj muesa Økafr ds fy, izk.k Qø¡dsA la{ksi esa fnudj th dh dkO;&jpuk ds Hkkouk&{ks=k dk ;gh /jkry gSA fnudj fefFkyk ds vuy&o"khZ dksfdy gSa& ^^eSa ir>M+ dh dks;y mnkl] fc[kjs oSHko dh jkuh gw¡A eSa gjhHkjh fge'kSy&rVh dh] foLr`r LoIu dgkuh gw¡AA** bl izdkj bl fc[kjs oSHko dh jkuh

vkSj ir>M+ dh dks;y ds xhr vf/d xk;s tkrs gSa& geus ns [ kk ;gha ika Mq ohjks a dk dhfrZ iz l kj oSHko dk lq [k LoIu dyk dk egk LoIu vfHklkjAA Lora=krk ls iwoZ n'sk dh jkt/kuh fnYyh xkSjkax lezkV dh Ñik&psjh FkhA fons'kh lktlTtk ls mldk vax&vax fyIr FkkA dfo bl fnYyh dks fuyZTt] csg;k vkSj d÷yVk crykrk gSA og blls vk¡[ksa fQjkdj vrhr dh ckV tksgrk gS vkSj fQj chrs oSHko ds [kaMgjksa esa vius dkO; dks latksrk gS& mBk dld fny esa ygjkrk gS ;equk dk ikuh iydas tksg jgh gSa chrs oSHko dh ,d fu'kkuhA fnYyh rsjs :i jax ij dSls ân; Q¡lsxk ckV tksgrh [kaMgj esa ge daxkyksa dh jkuhAA fnudj dh dforkvksa esa ns'k ij feVus dks mÙkkr Hkkouk gS] vkx gS vkSj rM+i gSA fgeky; dks lEcksf/r djrs gq, ;s dgrs gSa& ftlds }kjksa ij [kM+k Økar lhekifr rwus dh iqdkjA in nfyr bls djuk ihNs igys ys esjk flj mrkjAA bl izdkj fgeky; ds izÑfr&o.kZu esa dfo dk ns'k&izse cjkcj tkx:d gSA rHkh rks og dgrk gS& vks ekSu riL;k yhu ;rh] iyHkj dks rks dj n`xkseU"k] js Tokykvksa ls nX/ fody] gS rM+i jgk I;kjk Lons'kA iw¡thifr;sa ds u`lal 'kks"k.k ls dfo vR;f/d {kqC/ gSA fdlku etnwjksa dk i{k ysrs gq, og dgrk gS& vkgsa mBha nhu Ñ"kdksa dh] etnwjksa dh rM+i iqdkjsa] 32

Zdå~a - 2013 ISSN 2231-3079

'kks/ vkys[k vjh xjhcksa ds yksgw ij [kM+h gqbZ rsjh nhokjsaA dfo jk"Vª dh orZeku n'kk ls fo{kqC/ gSaA xk¡/h th dh vfgalk vkSj 'kkafrfiz; uhfr ij mls fo'okl ughaA og rks l'kL=k Økafr pkgrk gSA blhfy, og dgrk gS& js jksd ;qf/f"Bj dks u ;gk¡] tkus ns mudks LoxZ /hj] ij fQjk iki ik[k.M tys] tx esa ,slh Tokyk lqyxk nsA X

X

X

X

Økafr /kf=k dfors tkx mB] vkMacj esa vkx yxk ns] iru iki ik[k.M tys] tx esa ,slh Tokyk lqyxk nsA fnudj th okLro esa tu&thou ds lPps dykdkj gSaA mUgksaus vius bnZ&fxnZ clus okys mu i# q "kksa dk Hkh fp=k.k fd;k g]S ftuds ckyd Hkw[k ls NViVkrs gSa] nw/ dh ,d&,d cw¡n rjlrs gSaA dfo us ;g lc d÷N ns[kk gS vkSj cM+s vkx&Hkjs 'kCnksa esa og yydkj mBrk gS& gVks LoxZ ds es?k iaFk ls Lox ywVus ge vkrs gSa] nw/ nw/ vks oRl rqEgkjk nw/ [kkstus ge tkrs gSaA vius bl :i esa fnudj fu'p; gh ixzfroknh dykdkj gSaA ijUrq fnudj dk ;g ixzfrokn :i ls iszj.kk yuss okyk ekDlo Z knh n'kZu dk lkfgfR;d :ikarj ek=k ugha gSA og Hkkjrh; vkn'kks± ds iquhr /jkry ij izfrf"Br gSA mlesa fujhg] ihfM+r] 'kksf"kr tuksa ds izfr lgkuqHkwfr gSA lekt dks xfgZr d÷fRlr :i nsus okyh lkekftd O;oLFkk dh rhoz HkRlZuk gSA ekuo&lekt dks fouk'k dh vksj ys tkus okyh 'kfDr;ksa ds fo:ð [kqyk foæksg gSA yksd&dY;k.k dh mPp Hkkouk gSA bl izdkj ixzfroknh dkO; dk cgrq gh fu[kjk :i gesa muds dkO; esa izkIr gksrk gSA ^d÷#{ks=k* fnudj dh izkS<+ dkO;Ñfr gSA fgUnh dks vk/qfud dkO;/kjk esa og cgqr vf/d ykd s fiz; gqbZ gSA vius bl izc/ a &dkO; esa dfo dh i`"B&Hkwfe cukdj ekuo&lH;rk vkSj fpjaru iz'uksa ij vius fopkj O;Dr fd, gSa A vrhr ds ml vkyksd }kjk gekjh vkt dh orZeku dh leL;kvksa dks VVksyk gSA lalkj esa QSyk gqvk vukpkj] vR;kpkj] ;qð vkSj foxzg D;k lR;] vfgalk vkSj izse

ls nwj fd;k tk ldrk gS] vFkok blds fy, 'kL=k&cy ;k fgalk dh vko';drk gS\ ;s d÷N ,sls tyrs iz'u gSa] ftudk lek/ku dfo us viuh bl dkO;&Ñfr esa [kkstuk pkgk gSA ;qð vkSj vfgalk ds i{k&foi{k ij rqyukRed n`f"V ls fopkj fd;k gSA vkt ds fo'o&thou dh lcls izeq[k leL;k Hkh ;gh gSA ,d vkSj fujL=khdj.k dh iqdkj gS] rks nwljksa vkSj ;qð vkSj fouk'k ds Hk;adj oSKkfud lk/u Hkh tqVk, tk jgs gSaA egkHkkjr ;qð ds i'pkr~ Hkh"k.k uj&lagkj dks ns[kdj ,slh gh 'kadk /eZjkt ;qf/f"Bj ds eu mBh Fkha fd fo'o esa QSys vukpkj] vR;kpkj dks nwj djus ds fy, vfgalk dk lgkjk ysa vFkok fgalk dkA ;qf/f"Bj ds ân; dks 'kadk dk lek/ku Hkh"e firkeg ds e[qk ls d÷:{k=sk ds dfo us djok;k gSA Hkh"e firkeg vU;k; vkSj vR;kpkj ds izfrdkj esa /eZ&;qð dks mfpr gh crykrs gSaA ijUrq fQj Hkh os ;qð dks ekuo&tkfr ds fy, 'kkafrnk;d ugha le>rsA mudh n`f"V esa mu ewy dkj.kksa dks gh feVkuk mfpr gS] ftuls ;qð dh fLFkfr iSnk gksrh gSA lekt esa vR;kpkj vkSj vukpkj c<+rk gS vkSj blds fy, dfo pkgrk gS fd ekuo&thou esa oxZ&Hksn u gksA Å¡p&uhp] /uh&fu/Zu dk Hksn&Hkko u gksA lkE;&Hkko dk mTToy id z k'k fo'o&thou eas mnH~kkflr gks& lkE; dh og jf'e fLuX/ mnkj dc f[kysxh] dc f[kysxh] fo'o esa Hkxoku og lq d ks e y T;ks f r ls vfHkf"kDr gksa] ljl gksxs tyh l[qkh jlk ds izk.k vius bl d÷#{ks=k dkO; esa dfo us ,d ckr dh vksj gekjk è;ku vkdf"kZr fd;k gSA vkt ;qð ds fy, vkSj v.kq vkSj ijek.kq ceksa ds :i esa oSKkfud vkfo"dkjksa dk iz;ksx ns[kdj gekjs eu esa bl fopkj dk mBuk LokHkkfod gh gS& bl euqt ds gkFk ls foKku ds Hkh Qøy otz gksdj NwVrs 'kqHk /eZ viuk Hkwy vkSj blhfy, foKku ds }kjk vkt ds ekuo&lekt us tks fodkl fd;k gS] mldks dfo fodkl dk lPpk :i ugha ekurkA mldh n`f"V esa vkt dk euq"; bruh méfr ds i'pkr~ Hkh vlH; vkSj ccZj gSA og vius LokFkZ esa jr] 'oku vkSj –axky tSlk gS& ;g euq"; Kkuh –axkyksa d÷Ddjksa ls ghu

gks fd;k djrk vusdksa Øøj deZ eyhu moZ'kh fnudj th dh uohure izca/ jpuk gSA bldk dFkkud ikSjkf.kd gS vkSj blesa Loxy Z kd s dh vIljk ^mo'khZ* rFkk ekuo yksd ds jktk ^iqjjok* dh iz.k; dFkk gSA viuh bl dkO; Ñfr esa dfo us ukjh vkSj iq#"k dh leL;kvksa ds 'kk'or iz'uksa dks mBk;k gSA fgUnh dkO; txr esa fnudj th dh bl Ñfr dk cM+k vknj&lEeku gqvk gSA dkek;uh ds i'pkr~ fgUnh dh vk/qfud dkO;/kjk dk ;g loZJs"B egkdkO; gSA fnudj th ds Hkkoksa dh Hkk¡fr mudh dkO;&dyk cM+h vkstLoh vkSj izk.koku gSA mlesa cM+k iz[kj osx gSA yk{kf.d iz;ksxksa ls O;atuk&'kSyh ds vk/kj ij Hkkokas dks efwrZeku cukus esa fnudj tks flðgLr gSaA mnkgj.k ds fy,& gok nes ds ekjh&lh d÷N pydj Fkd tkrh gSA fnudj th [kM+h cksyh ds dfo gaSA Hkk"kk ij muds O;fDrRo dh iw.kZ Nki gSA og loZFkk Hkko vkSj fo"k; ds vuqdøy gSA Hkkoksa dh Hkk¡fr dfo dh Hkk"kk esa hkh ,d vkx gS] rM+i gS vkSj l'kDrrk gSA tgk¡ dfo ds Hkko vR;ar rhoz gS] ml LFky ij dfo dh Hkk"kk vR;ar vkstLoh vkSj ljy gSA mlesa cM+h ftUnkfnyh] lthork] izokg vkSj vkd"kZ.k gSA mudh ,slh Hkk"kk esa mnwZ] Qkjlh] ;gk¡ rd fd vaxzsth ds 'kCnksa dk Hkh iz;ksx gqvk gSA mudh vkstLoh vkSj ljy Hkk"kk dk ;i nsf[k;s& vjh l¡ Hky ;g u QVdj dgha cuk ns }kjA fudy u iM+s Øks/ eas ysdj 'ksj'kkg ryokjAA ijUrq ftu LFkkuksa ij fnudj ds Hkkoksa esa rhozrk vkSj vuqHkwfr;kas esa mQku ugha gS] ogk¡ fnudj dh Hkk"kk vis { kkÑr fDy"V] laLÑr&cgqy] fo'kqð [kM+h cksyh gSA mlesa ;g LokHkkfod izokg vkSj vkd"kZ.k ugha gS] tks mudh vkx Hkjh Hkk"kk esa feyrk gSA fnudj th dh ,slh Hkk"kk dk :i nsf[k;s& O;ks elj esa gks mBk fodflr v#.k vkyks d 'krny fpj nq [kh /j.kh foHkk esa gks jgh vkuUn foày pw edj izfrjkse ls flj ij p<+k ojnku iz Hkq dk jf'e va tfy esa firk dk Lusg vk'khokZn vk;k js izoklh tkx] rsjs ns'k dk laokn vk;kA 'kks/ Nk=k fgUnh foHkkx] jk¡ph fo'ofo|ky;] jk¡phA

Zdå~a - 2013

33 ISSN 2231-3079

'kks/ vkys[k

>kj[k.M esa jktLo iz.kkyh ,d fuf'pr jkf'k yuss ds fy, etcjw fd;k x;kA blds fy, vaxszth ljdkj dks cM+h e’kDdr mBkuh iMh+ vkSj lfSud dkjo Z kbZ ds ckn gh rRdkyhu <+kyHkew jkT; eas 1777 bZ0 esa dEiuh dks jktLo nsus dk le>kSrk fd;k vkSj kj[k.M esa vxast z ksa ds vkxeu ds io w Z ls ;g le>krSk nl o"kk±s rd dk;e jghA bl id z kj vkfnokfl;ksa ds ize[qk tehnakj jktLo dh ,d LFkkfir O;oLFkk FkhA 'ku%S 'kuS% vxazsth 'kklu dky esa ml O;oLFkk dks rksM+dj dh rjg dk;Z djus yxAs bu vkfnoklh izeq[kksa vxazstksa us nwljs {k=skkas eas io z Ù`k jktLo O;oLFkk dh dk O;ogkj vkfnokfl;kas ds ifzr oSlk ugha jgk w Z eas FkkA2 vxazt s ksa us jktk] vkfnoklh rjg ubZ O;oLFkk ykxw dh tks ckn eas vkfnokfl;ksa tSlk io ds fgr ds fo:ð flð gqbZ Qyr% yacs vjls izeq[k bR;kfn dks tehankj dh rjg Lohdkj rd vkfnokfl;ksa ds }kjk dHkh gYds rks dHkh fd;k blds lkFk gh ubZ jktLo iz.kkyh ;gk¡ rhoz fojks/ g,q vuUrj vaxzsth ljdkj us 1854 ykxw dh xbZ] ,slk djus esa muyksxksa us vkfnokfl;ksa esa NkVskukxiqj dk'rdkjh vf/fu;e ikfjr dj dh Hkkouk dk dksbZ [;ky ugha j[kkA mUgas Hkfwe vkfnokfl;ksa ds fojks/ dks de djus dh dkfs'k'k dk lo{sZk.k vkSj eqxykas ds }kjk fd;k x;k dh vkjS muds fgrksa dk [;ky j[kdj rRdkyhu ewY;kadu dk dkbsZ vuqHko ugha FkkA bUgkauss tks jktLo iz.kkyh dks ykxw fd;k og lkekU; tukas NksVkukxijq ize.My esa ykxw dhA >kj[k.M oukPNfnr izn s' k jgk tgk¡ ds }kjk ekU; ugha FkkA mUgkauss vkfnoklh ijEijk vf/l[a; vkfnoklh vè;oflr FksA bl {ks=k eas dk Hkh [;ky ugha j[kk ftlds pyrs vkfnokfl;ksa vU; {ks=kkas dh vi{skk jktLo dh iz.kkyh fHké Fkh esa vkØks'k mitkA 1789 e sa ,slk eglwl fd;k ,slh fLFkfr esa vkfnoklh viuh ijqkuh vkjS tkus yxk fd LFkk;h tehankjh iFzkk ;gk¡ ykxw ijEijkoknh jktLo iz.kkyh dks ftUnk j[kus ds ugha dh tk; D;kafsd ijxuksa ls tks jkf'k izkIr fo'oklh FkAs mUgas jktLo iz.kkyh esa cgrq rjg ds gqbZ og Hkw&mit dk lekuiqkrh jktLo ugha Fkk] NwV feys g,q FkAs eqxydky eas vkfnokfl;ksa dh cfYd ,d fVCª ;Vw dh rjg FkkA blds ckotnw iqjkuh izFkk ls fdfapr fHké O;oLFkk ykxw dh xbZ dkuZokfyl dk LFkk;h tehan kjh iFzkk iw.kZr;k ftleas vkfnokfl;ksa ds iz/kkukas dk s tehunkj ds ykxw ugha gkuss ds pyrs vusd ckj tehnakjksa dks q r dj nsuk iMk+A3 ,l s k djus ls tehankjksa :i esa 'kfDr;k¡ iznÙk Fkh vkSj tehunkjkas dks mlls ed jktk dk lun feyrk jgrk Fkk ftleas Hkqxrku dks vlhfer 'kfDr fey xbZ vkSj Ñ"kdksa ls euekus <ax ls ekyxt q kjh oly w dh xbAZ Qyr% ls lc a af/r fyf[kr bdjkjukek gksrk FkkA s ifjokj mlds f'kdkj gq,qA bl O;oLFkk bZLV bafM;k dEiuh dk Hkkjr eas fLFkfr vud lnq`<+ gks tkus ij bl ckr dh dkfs'k'k dh xbZ ls lcls T;knk iHzkkfor gq, taxy egky ds dh vkfnokfl;kas ds iez[qk ls lEidZ lk/k tk,A ?kVokyA Hkfwetksa esa ljnkj ?kVoky FksA os larky 1760 bZ0 esa ehj dkfle eas ijokuk ds }kjk ijxuk ds eka>h vkSj NkVskukxiqj ds ekudh dh NksVkukxiqj {ks=k eas jktLo olwyh ds fy, rjg FksA os lHkh taxy egky ds izeq[k ?kkVksa dh bdjkjukek fd;k tks pUn egky ds uke ls ljq{kk djrs Fks vkSj mlds ,ot esa mUgsa ikfjrkfs"kd tkuk tkrk gS vkSj 1765 bZ0 eas vaxst z h ljdkj crkSj d÷N LFkk;h dkfjUns j[krs FksA tks fn?kokj] us nhokuh dk vf/dkj fn;kA ftlds ekè;e ls ?kVoky ;k xkze iz/ ku dgs tkrs FksA ftl rjg qa k rFkk egrks rFkk rkosnkj bLV bafM;k dEiuh NksVkukxijq rFkk iykew iaprs dh nwljs {k=skkas eas eM S hnkj xksjkbZ dh rjg bR;kfn {k=skkas esa jktLo oly w h ds fy, vf/Ñr dgs tkrs FksA rkosnkj pkd gqbZA bl izdkj vaxt zs h ljdkj 1767 eas txay gksrs FksA bu lcksa dks tehankj ds }kjk d÷N Hkfwe egky vkjS 1769 bZ0 eas NksVkukxiqj esa izo'sk nh tkrh Fkh] ckn e sa vpkud os lHkh fgalk ij dhA1 >kj[k.M ds vkfnoklh iez[qkkas eas pw¡fda ;g mrk: gks x,A ml le; ds rglhynkj] nkjksxk O;oLFkk igys ls ugha Fkh vkjS vc dEiuh dks vkSj cjdnakt oxSjg ij vkØe.k fd;s x,

MkW0 ukxsUæ izlkn

>

37 Zdå~a - 2013

vkSj iwjs {ks=k eas vjtdrk dh fLFkfr QSy x;hA vUrr% vaxzt s h ljdkj dks ;g ckr le> esa vk x;h vkSj 1799 eas ?kVokyksa dks tkxhj fQj ls nh x;hA tehnakjkas us vius gkFkks eas ifqyl dh 'kfDr ys yh vkSj ?kVoky iuq% tehankjksa ds iqfyl dkfjUns gks x;sA >kj[k.M esa ?kVokyh ;k tehankjh ifqyl izFkk ds lkFk Hkwfe vuqnku bl {k=sk dh fo'ks"krk gSA 1805 esa iapsr] ckxeqaMh] cSxudksnu] drjkl] gSlyk] >kynk] >fj;k] t;ijq] eqd÷Uniqj bR;kfn {ks=kksa eas ykxw fd;k x;kA jkex<+ ftys ds fy, Hkh ;g O;oLFkk vu'qkfalr dh xbZA ?kVokyh izFkk eas tehankjh {ks=k dk igkMh+ bykdk ?kVokyksa dks lqj{kk ds fy, fn;k x;kA blds foijhr tehnakj vius {k=sk ds eè;orhZ LFkkuksa dh ljq{kk bR;kfn dh tokcngsh nh x;hA4 NksVkukxijq IyVsks ds xko ¡ kas esa fofHké ukeksa ls xzke i/ z ku Fks d÷N {ks=kksa esa eaM q k] dksygku {k=skksa esas Hkh eqaMk ds :i esa tkus tkrs FksA 1819&20 ds QkSth dkjZokbZ ds ckn et s j jkmlst us izfr gy 8 vkuk yxku fu/kfZjr fd;k vkSj ;g O;oLFkk 1936&37 esa foyfdUlu ds }kjk lEiq"V fd;k x;kA5 vc izR;sd xk¡o ds eqM a k dh tokcngsh gqbZ fd os jktLo dh olwyh dj lkmFk osLV ÝfUV;j ,tsUlh ds ifzrfuf/ dks pd q kbZ tk,A eqaMk ds Åij ekudh dbZ xko ¡ ksa dk ijos{k.k djrkA eM qa k vkSj ekudh dks ljdkj ds }kjk fu/ kZfjr jktLo oly w dk dN q deh'ku ds :i esa nh tkrh FkhA eaM q k vkSj ekudh dks ifqyl ds Hkh vf/dkj fn, x, Fks] mlds lkFk gh vkdf"krZ Hkw& [k.M vkjS NkM s +s x, tehu dh cankscLrh dh 'kfDr mUgas nh x;hA NksVkukxijq {ks=k eas eaqMk ykxsksa us Hkh taxykas dks lkQ dj [krsh ds ;kXs; cuk;kA ey w r% bl {ks=k esa jktk dh rjg dksbZ dUsæh; 'kfDr ugha FkhA cfYd 15 ls 20 ;k 25 xko ¡ rd dks ,d bZdkbZ esa iM+gk ds :i esa foHkkftr dj fn;k x;k FkkA bl rjg mldk iz/ku iMg+k jktk gksrk FkkA iM+gk jktk dks dksbZ yxku ugha feyrk Fkk cfYd ;ð q ds le; lg;kxs vkSj ioZ&R;ksgkj eas mUgsa lykeh nh tkrh FkhA eqaMk xk¡o dk iz/ku gksrk Fkk ysfdu ekudh dks vfare vf/dkj inz Ùk FkkA Bhd mlh rjg 34

ISSN 2231-3079

'kks/ vkys[k ftl Hkfwe [k.M dks mjk¡o us txayksa ls lkQ dj Ñf"k ;kXs; cuk;k mls Hkbw±gjh tehu dgrs FksA tcfd eM qa kvkas dh tehu dks [kVqadVh dgk tkrk FkkA xk¡o Hkh [kwV¡ksa eas cVsa Fk]s mudh tehuakas esa ls d÷N xzke iz/ku dks vkjS it w k&ikB ds fy, ikguksa dks rFkk xzke nsorkvksa ds fy, fn;k tkrk FkkA egrks dks Hkh vyx ls Hkfwe vkoafVr dh tkrh FkhA Hkbw±gjh tehu ij fdlh rjg dk dksbZ jktLo ugha yxrk FkkA bl etnjwh tehu ds vfrfjDr tehukas ij jktk vkjS i/ z ku dk fgLlk gksrk FkkA eqaMk olko s kl ds izkjfaHkd fnuksa esa Hkwfe dh futh LokfeRo ugha Fkk rc fdlh eqM a k ;k ikgu ds urs`Ro esa txay dks lkQ fd;k tkrk Fkk vkjS lkjh Hkfwe ij leqnk; dk vkf/iR; gks tkrk FkkA ml le; jktLo dh dksbZ i.zkkyh fodflr u FkhA eM qa k vkSj ekudh vius vf/dkj {k=sk esa mit dk Hkkx ysus ds vf/dkjh Fks] vkjS tks Hkw&[k.M fdlh ds }kjk vf/xzghr u Fkh og iM+gk dh lEifÙk le>h tkrh FkhA vkjS /hjs&/hjs lkjs cd s kj Hkw&[k.M fdlh u fdlh ds dCts eas vk,A iykew ds psjks vkjS [kjokj ds eè; vusd tkxhjnkj gq,] iykew ds rRdkyhu iz/ku jktk xksiky jk; us bLV bafM;k dEiuh dks 1771 eas 12]000@&:i;k izfro"kZ jktLo ds :i esa Hkqxrku djus dks lger gq,A ckn eas jktk xksiky jk;] mnoUr jk; dkuwuxks ds gkFk dh dBiqryh gks x,A bl rjg ls jktk dh laifÙk 10 o"kh; Z k lVsyeasV gksus ds ckn lekIr gkuss yxh] dN ÷ iqjkus tehankj jktk ds ekè;e ls jktLo Hkqxrku djrs ckdh vud s tkxhjnkj ds :i eas laiq"V fd;s x,A rc iM+gk izFkk dk dkQh egRoi.wkZ LFkku Fkk iRz;sd iMg+k dk viuk >aMk FkkA vxj fdlh nwljs iM+gk ds }kjk io&Z R;kgskj ds volj ij

leku >M a s dk mi;kxs fd;k tkrk Fkk rks vkil esa dkQh >> a V gksrk FkkA vkfnokfl;kas esa fgUnw /eZ ds izHkko ls vlarks"k dh Hkkouk tUe ys jgh FkhA fgUnqvkas ds iHzkko vkSj fon'skh fe'kujh ds izos'k ls vkfnoklh dh ijqkuh O;oLFkk ij cqjk izHkko iM+k vxast z i'zkkldk sa vkjS fgUnw /e Z ls izHkkfor tehnakjksa] tkxjhnkjksa ij iqjkuh ijEijk dk izHkko ugh a FkkA vr% vkfnokfl;ksa ds Hkw&LokfeRo dh ijEijk ds ifzr mudh lgkuqHkwfr u FkhA bldk uktk;t Qk;nk xjS vkfnoklh vkSj uhps rcds ds inkf/dkfj;kas us mBk;kA bl rjg ls 19oh a 'krkCnh ds iwokZð e sa vkfnoklh ijEijk ij cqjk izHkko iM+k A ml le; dh jhfr&fjokt Hkh cnyus yxsA vnyk&cnyh izFkk dh txg ij ekfSæd vFkZO;oLFkk esa tehnakj vkSj jS;r ds lc a a/ tl S h fLFkfr gks x;hA xjS vkfnoklh nhoku] rglhynkj] iqtkjh vkSj fofHké dkfjUnkas dks Hkw&vuqnku feyus yxAs cM+kbd] jktiwr] jkfSr;k bR;kfn dks Hkh tkxhj feysA og muds Qkt S h lsok tk s vkfnokfl;ksa ds fonzksg dks 'kkUr djus eas yxk;k] ds ijqLdkj Lo:i fn;k x;kA czkã.kkas dks Hkh tkxhj nh tkus yxhA czkã.kksa dks it w k&ikB ds fy, Hk&wjktLo jfgr tehu fn;s x;sA bl rjg efqLye O;kikjh vkSj jktk&egkjktk ds dkfjUns mlls Qk;nk mBkus yxsA ekudh vkjS eaM q k iFzkk ds dkj.k vkfnoklh Hkwfe dks cpk;k tk ldk ysfdu ;g izFkk rekM+ vkSj lksuiqj tl S s {ks=kkas esa inzr jghA bu fdlkuksa eas ekudh eaqMk 'kfDr'kkyh Fks ftUgksaus ml O;oLFkk dks cuk;s j[kkA ysfdu vU; LFkkukas esa ckgjh yksx bl O;oLFkk ij dkfct gks x;s vkSj dfri; LFkyksa ij jktk ds }kjk jktLo dh olwyh dh tkus yxhA bLV bfaM;k dEiuh us /hjs&/hjs jktk vkjS egkjktkvksa ij jktLo dh fu/kZfjr jkf'k dks c<+krs x,] bldk ifj.kke gqvk fd mu jktkvksa

ys[kdksa ds fy, t:jh ckr n`f"Vikr esa izdk'kukFkZ ;kfpr@ v;kfpr gj fo/kvks dh jpuk,¡ gesa izkIr gksrh jgrh gaSA ftu jpukdkj dh jpuk ge izdkf'kr djrs gSa] og ;g eku dj fd izdk'kukFkZ tks jpuk gesa ftu ys[kd ls izkIr gqbZ gS] og mUgha ds }kjk gh jfpr gS] fQj Hkh ;fn fdUgh lqf/ ikBd dks yxs fd dksbZ iwjh jpuk ;k mlds dksbZ va'k dgha ls mM+k;h ;k pqjkbZ gqbZ gS] rks cM+h Ñik gksxh] gesa rqjar lwfpr djsa ;k fQj jpukdkj ls laidZ djsaA ge Hkfo"; esa mu ys[kd@ys[kdksa dh jpuk izdkf'kr ugha djsaxsA dksbZ ys[kd ,slk djrs gSa rks ;g mudh ftEesnkjh gksxhA blds fy, n`f"Vikr izdk'ku ftEesnkj ugha gksxkA &iz0 lEiknd

ds }kjk ;gk¡ ds vkfnoklh fdlkuksa ij rjg&rjg ds csxkj] lsl rFkk jktLo dh jkf'k eas c<+ksÙkjh bR;kfn fd;s tkrs jgsA tcfd iwoZ esa jktLo c<+k us dk dksbZ ikz o/ku ugh a Fkk vkjS ijEijkxr jktLo gh pyrh jgh Fkh yfsdu vaxt sz kas ds vkus ls jS;rksa ij izfrdøy izHkko iMk+A iqjkuh O;oLFkk ds vul q kj yxku ds :i eas jS;r viuh lsok nsrs FksA os rhu fnu gy pykrs] rhu fnu d÷nky ls dke djr]s rhu fnu /ku jksiuh djrs rFkk rhu fnu /ku dVuh eas yxkrs Fks ysfdu ubZ O;oLFkk ds vuqlkj Bhdsnkj vkfnoklh jS;rkas ls dkQh csxkj ysrs ftlls jS;rksa esa vkØks'k iuius yxk FkkA iwoZr% Hkqbg± jh tehu eas vxj jS;r xk¡o NksM+dj pys Hkh tkrs Fks rks mudk vf/dkj ugha tkrk FkkA ekudh eaM q k ml tehu dks okil dj nsrsA yfsdu ubZ O;oLFkk ds vul q kj muds xko ¡ NksM+ nsus ds ckn mudk Hkw&vf/dkj Hkh pyk tkrk Fkk] ftlds pyrs vusd ekeys dkVsZ dpgfj;ksa eas tkrs vkjS iqfyl dk lgkjk yusk iM+rk FkkA iqfyl Hkh vDlj ubZ O;oLFkk dk gh lkFk nsrh FkhA ifj.kke Lo:i vkfnoklh jS;rksa esa vkØks'k dh vfXu HkMd + us yxhA 19oh a 'krkCnh ds iwokð esa ubZ jktLo iz.kkyh ls vkfnoklh j; S rksa dks dkQh d"V gqvkA jktk vkSj egkjktk buds izfr lgkuqHkwfr ugha j[kr]s cfYd rjg&rjg ls mudk 'kk"sk.k djrsA bl id z kj 1772 ls 1832 rd jktLo iz.kkyh ds fo:ð ;gk ¡ ds yksxksa us foæksg fd;kA 1931&32 dk dky s foækgs bldk gh ifj.kke FkkA vUr esa bl O;oLFkk eas lq/kj ds fy, foyfdUlu dEiuh ds jktufSrd ,tsUV ds :i esa fu;Dqr fd;s x;]s ftUgksuas ;s vud s lq/kj ds dke fd;s vkjS vkfnoklh jS;rkas dh f'kd;rksa dks de djus dh dksf'k'k dh vkt Hkh foyfdUlu dk uke cM+s vknj ds lkFk fy;k tkrk g]S muds lq/kjoknh dk;Z dh vkt Hkh iz'kalk dh tkrh gSA bl rjg vxazstksa ds }kjk ykxw dh x;h jktLo O;oLFkk esa ifjorZu gq,A vuraj NksVkukxiqj VsusUlh ,DV ikfjr g,qA ftlls vkfnokfl;ksa ds Hkw&vf/dkj lqjf{kr jg ldAs vFkZ 'kkL=k foHkkx ,l0 th0 ,e0 dky W t s ] jk¡ph lan HkZ ladsr & 1- ts0 lh0 >k &vyh Z fcVzh'k isUV'sku buVw NksVkukxijq 2- t0s lh0 >k &fgLVhª vkWQ yaM S fjHkU;w bu NkVskukxiqj 3-fQjehxja &f¶VFk fjiksVZ ekbM vkseSyh Mh0 th0 fenukiqj i0` 196 4- ts0 lh0 >k &fcVzh'k vksdi÷'sku vkQ bafM;k

Zdå~a - 2013

35 ISSN 2231-3079

'kks/ vkys[k

f'k{kk dk vFkZ'kkL= vfHk"ksd oSHko

f'k{kk& ^f'k{k~* /krq ls cuk gS] ftldk 'kkfCnd vFkZ gkrsk gS & lh[kukA f'k{kk thou dk ewye=ak gS vkSj ;g vukfndky ls egRoiw.kZ cuk gqvk gSA euq"; tUe ds le; vius pkjksa vksj ds lkekftd vkSj HkkSfrd okrkoj.k ls vifjfpr gksrk gS ijarq mleas d÷N lgt {kerk,¡ gksrh gSA vfgLrk&vfgLrk vius iSjksa ls pyrk vkSj fQj nkSM+rk] d÷yk¡ps Hkjrk cPpk! dSlk vnE; lkgl Hkjk gksrk gS ml uUgha lh tku esa! vkleku ls pk¡n&flrkjs rksM+ ykus dh mRdV~ vfHkyk"kkA Ik'kq&if{k;ksa ls cksyus cfr;kus es a vfHk:fpA is M+ &ikS / ks a vkS j ikzÑfrd miknkuksa ds lkFk [ksy&døn jpkus dh vknr ! euq"; ds fodkl dh ifzØ;k ds lkFk&lkFk cpiu ls cq<+kis rd pyrh gSA laLÑr dh mfDr& ^^relks ek T;ksfrxeZ;** vFkkZr~ ^va/sjs dh vksj ugha] izdk'k dh vksj tk,A* f'k{kk ds egRo dks Hkyh&Hkkafr n'kkZrh gSA bl izdkj O;kid vFkZ esa iwjk thou gh lh[kuk gSA f'k{kk ekuo lalk/u ds Lrj dks

izHkkfor djrh gSA ;g vkfFkZd fodkl dk y{; Hkh gS vkSj lk/u HkhA f'k{kk dks ge lh[kus ls tkM s +rs gS] rks ;g Li"V gks tkrk gS fd blds ekè;e ls ge thoukn'kZ dk vè;;u euu vkSj fparu dj vius vki dks vuqHkoh vkSj deZ'khy cukrs gSaA bl lalkj eas defZu"B vkSj vuHqkoh O;fDr gh egkurk ds f'k[kjkas ij viuh ;k=kk djrk gSA ;ksX; O;fDr ges'kk lQy gksrs gSa vkSj ;g ;ksX;rk f'k{kk ls gh laHko gSA cgqeq[kh fodkl dh fn'kkvksa dk }kj [kky s us okyh f'k{kk O;fDr dks mlds O;fDrxr Lrj ij ;ksX; cukrh gS] lkekftd Lrj ij vkn'kZ vkSj jk"Vªh; Lrj ij loZlaiUu cuk dj fo'oe; cukrh gS] rks mUufr ds lHkh }kj [ky q tkrs gaSA f'k{kk dh egÙkk dk [;ky j[krs gq,] vius vki dks f'kf{kr cukus dk iz;Ru djuk pkfg,A vkt ns'k viuh vktknh dh vðZ'krh dks ikj dj pqdk gSA ijarq f'k{kk dh xkM+h eanxfr ls c<+ jgh gSA lEiw.kZ jk"Vª dks f'kf{kr djus dh rks ckr nwj jgh] vHkh rd rks iw.kZ lk{kjrk dk dk;ZØe Hkh lQy ugha gks ik;k gSA bleas >kj[k.M dh fLFkfr rks vkSj Hkh n;uh; gSA ;gk¡ orZeku eas 2 yk[k 96 gtkj ,sls Nk=k gS]a tks fd fo|ky; eas ukekafdr ugha gS] ftlesa fd 35]412 ,l0lh ,oa 57]868 ,l0Vh0 rFkk 31]774 vU; nfyr oxZ gSaA dsjy dks NksM+dj dksbZ Hkh jkT; viuh iw.kZ lk{kjrk dk nkok ugha dj ldrkA ljdkjh nLrkostksa ij lk{kjrk ds u tkus fdrus vfHk;kuksa ds uke ntZ fey tk,¡xs] ijarq tehuh Lrj ij ,d dk Hkh lQyrkiwoZd fØ;kUo;u ns[kus dks ugha feyrkA iz;ksx dh ij[k ufy;ksa ls ikuh dh rjg iSls cgk;s tk

Zdå~a - 2013

jgs gSa] ijarq ifj.kke ogh &^<kd ds rhu ikrA* jktuhfrKksa ds vuko';d gLr{ksi us f'k{kk ds :Ik dks vkSj Hkh foÑr dj fn;k gSA ljdkj ds cnyrs gh ikB~;Øe cnyrs gSaA dksbZ ikB~;Øeksa ij lkaiznkf;drk dk vkjksi yxrk gS rks dksbZ muesa jk"Vªh; pfj=k ds fuekZ.k dh {kerk dk vHkko fn[kkrk gSA izR;sd cnyko eas cnys dh Hkkouk vkSj rq"Vhdj.k dh uhfr dk;Z dj gh gksrh gSA f'k{kk dk fcdkÅ :Ik bls lekt ds d÷N oxksZa rd lhfer djrh tk jgh gSA lEiw.kZ ns'k ds ikB; ~ Øeksa esa ,d:irk dk vHkko] f'k{kk ds {ks=k eas "kM+;a=k dks csudkc dj nsrk gSA f'k{kk esa O;kgkfjdrk dh deh bls vius f'kÂj ls fxjk nsrh gSA vkt dh f'k{kk iðfr ,d guqeku dnø g]S ftlesa O;fDr lEiw.kZ xSj ftEesokjh ls lEi.wkZ ftEesnkjh dh vksj Nykax yxkrk gSA ,d i<+k fy[kk ;qod tc x`gLFk thou esa izos'k djrk gS uwu] rsy ds pDdj eas iM+rk gS rks mldk lkjk Kku /jk dk /jk jg tkrk gSA fdlh us Bhd gh dgk gS & uki yh bu iSjksa us pyrs&pyrs ?kj ls Ldøy] Ldøy ls dkWyst vkSj dkWyst ls fo'ofo|ky; rd dh yackbZ ysfdu tc [kM+s gq,] rc eqf'dy gks x;k ukiuk pkoy dh yackbZ dks] nky dh xksykbZ dksA O;k[;rk vFkZ'kkL=k (baVj ladk;) ] ekjokM+h egkfo|ky; ] jk¡ph 36

ISSN 2231-3079

'kks/ vkys[k i`"V 27 dk 'ks"k Hkkx fgpfdpkrh gSA m"kk fi;aonk ds ^'ks"k;k=kk* uked miU;kl dh ukf;dk vuq ifr ds }kjk vLohdkj dj fn;s tkus ij Lo;a ifr dh rjg MkW 0 cudj ukjh dh ijEijkxr vlgk;rk dks rksM+ Mkyrh gSA ve`ryky ukxj us vius miU;kl ^ukP;kS cgqr xksiky* eas ukjh l'kfDrdj.k dk fp=k.k fd;k gSA bl miU;kl dh ukf;dk fuxqZfu;k¡ esgrj lekt esa jgdj Hkh izfrf"Br tkfrokyksa dh foÑfr;ksa dk Hk.Mk QkM s +rh jgh vkSj vkthou la?k"kZ djrh gqbZ esgrj lekt dks f'kf{kr vkSj LokoyEch cukus dh dksf'k'k djrh gSA fuxfqZu;k¡ dh cgw uhye mPp f'kf{kr fodflr vkSj vk/qfud ekufldrk okyh ukjh gSA /eZ ds ekeys esa muds fopkj izxfr'khy gSA og

ys[kd ls dgrh gS] ^^vki cqtqxZ vkneh gSa] /eZ ftl rjg ls vki yksxksa dks Vp djrk gS ml rjg gekjh U;w tsujs'ku dks ugha djrk--A /eZ rks mu yksxksa dk <dkslyk gS] tks vius vkidks Å¡ph tkr dk ekurs gSaA eq>s oSpkfjd Lrj ij fupyh tkfr dh fL=k;ksa dk l'kDrk dh vksj c<+rk gqvk efgyk jpukdkjksa dk ;g cnyk gqvk Lo:i okLro eas pkSdkus okyk gSA fgUnh ds efgyk jpukdkjksa ds laca/ esa izflð dFkkdkj jktsUæ ;kno dh fVIi.kh gS& ^^fL=k;ksa dh izkjfEHkd jpuk,¡ pkgs os vkRedF; gks] dfork&dgkuh gks ;k nwljh vfHkO;fDr;k¡] tsy ls vkxs gq, dSfn;ksa dh O;Fkk dFkk,¡ gh gSaA mudk cksyuk gh tsyj dh vR;kpkj dFkkvksa dk fooj.k nsuk gS& ^^igys Mjrs

Mjrs vkSj cpkdj fQj [kqydj os vius fu;a=kdksa ds psgjs mtkxj djrh gSA dksbZ L=kh viuh igyh vfHkO;fDr;ksa ds le; ugha tkurh gS fd ;g mldk foæksg gSA**3 jktsUæ ;kno dh ;g fVIi.kh efgyk dFkkdkjksa ds foæksgh vkSj cnyrh prsuk ls ifjfpr djkrh gSA vkt fL=k;ksa dh ekufldrk cny xbZ gSA ijns dh ihNs lkal ysusokyh eqfLye efgykvksa ds foæksgh Loj Hkh xw¡tus yxs gSaA ikfdLrku dh igyh m|eh efgyk lyek vgen dk dFku gS] ^^efgykvksa dks [kqn gh cnyuk gkxskA4 ikRi;Z ;g gS fd viuh eqfDr dk }kj mls Lo;a gh [kksyuk gksxkA vkt fL=k;ksa us yxHkx lHkh {ks=kksa eas viuh Hkkxhnkjh izekf.kr dh gSA vc og vcyk u jgdj lcyk cudj vius dke&/a/ksa dh Lo;a Lokfeuh ,oa lapkfydk cu xbZ gSA vkt lekt eas iRz;sd txg iq#"k&lÙkk dk gh opLZo fn[kkbZ iM+rk gSA mudh fLFkfr nks;e ntsZ dh gSA fL=k ds izfr vkt Hkh vuknj dk Hkko gS] tks mlds 'kks"k.k dk ewy dkj.k gSA gekjh ,sfrgkfld] lkaLÑfrd vkSj lkekftd d÷izFkkvksa dk na'k efgykvksa dks vkt Hkh >syuk iM+ jgk gSA efgykvksa dh ps ru es a tks Økafrdkjh ifjorZ u ifjyf{kr gks jgk gS] og fdlh fder ij viuh eqfDr pkgrk gSA ,slk ugha gS fd fL=k;k¡ iq#"k foghu lekt dh i{k/j gSA mudk fojks/ iq#"k ls ugha iq#"k lÙkk ls gS] mudh iq#"koknh psruk ls gSA iq#"k mUgsa vuqxkfeuh ugha] cfYd lgHkkfxuh le>sA dksbZ Hkh Økafr igys èoal djrh gS vkSj fQj fuekZ.k] tkx:drk dk ;g nkSj 'kk;n èoal gh gSA lanHkZ ladsr& 1- izHkkr [kcj % 10 ekpZ 20082- ve`ryky ukxj % ukP;kS cgqr xksiky] i`0 333- gl ¡ ] tuojh 2005] esjh mldh ckr] i`0 44- MkW0 v'kksd c=kk % uo;qx fgUnh O;kdj.k vkSj jpukA 'kks/ Nk=k fgUnh foHkkx] jk¡ph fo'ofo|ky;] jk¡phA

Zdå~a - 2013

37 ISSN 2231-3079

'kks/ vkys[k

MkW 0 dSyk'kpUæ 'kekZ ds xhrksa esa ik=] LFkku ,oa ?kVukvksa dk ;FkkFkZ gj}kjh yky

tkus okyk jkLrk blh fo|ky; ds ikl ls xt q jrk Fkk vkjS chp jkg bl fo|ky; ds cPps dSyk'kpUæ 'kekZ th ds thou dk [ksy?k.Vh ;k Nøêh gksus ij fofo/ çdkj ds fd'kkjskoLFkk rd dk le; muds tUe LFkku [ksy [ksyk djrs Fks vr% vkrh&tkrh ifugkfjuksa eSM+ xko ¡ esa O;rhr gqvkA blds mijkUr os viuh dk fog¡xe n`'; ns[kdj vkUnksfyr gks tkuk gk;j lSds.Mjh dh f'k{kk xzg.k djus t;iqj LokHkkfod FkkA 'kk;n xhrdkj }kjk vius xhrksa pys x;sA fd'kksjkoLFkk esa vkjS og Hkh muds esa lfEefyr lHkh iu?kVksa dk o.kuZ iaMh ij xkzeh.k jgokl ds nkSjku viuh f'k{kk] nSfud vkrh&tkrh bUgha ifugkfjukas dks ns[kdj fd;k dk;Zdyki] [ksydøn] gkV&cktkj] esyksa esa muds x;k gSA dk;Z O;kikj ,oa vkeksn çeksn ds nkSjku viuh o"kZ 1992 ls 1995 rd 'kekZ th tc leo;k fd'kkfsj;kas dh xfrfof/;kas ds utnhd viuh cd Sa &lo s k esa vthrx<+ jgs rks ,d cMh+ ls fd;s x;s n'kZu ,oa muds ladrsksa rFkk xkzeh.k lh gosyh esa jgs vkSj fdjk;nskj dh gSfl;r ls i`"BHkfwe ds rRdkyhu jhfr fjoktkas] ?kVukvksa ugha vfirq ,d ikfjokfjd lnL; dh Hkk¡frA os vkfn dks muds }kjk vfr laonsu'khyrk ds lkFk ml gosyh esa Åij dh ef¡ty ij jgk djrs Fks ns[kk tkdj vkRelkr fd;k x;k ftls mUgkauss vkSj uhps jgrk Fkk edku ekfyd dk ifjokjA vkt rd vius vraj esa latks;s j[kk gSA dHkh os edku ekyfdu ;ksa rks 'kekZ th ls vk;q esa Lo;a bu lcds ik=k jgs gaS rks dHkh mUgkauss muds ikp ¡ &lkr o"k Z cM+h Fkh ijUrq os mUgsa ^pkphth* çe[qk ik=kkas ds chp vius dks LFkkfir djds ls lc a kfs/r fd;k djrs FksA tc dHkh pkpkth ns[kk gSA ?kj ls ckgj gkrss rks iM+ksl ds gh ,d vU; pkpk mudh ;s vuqH kwfr;k¡ gh ,d l'kä gosyh ds uhps dh eafty ij cus ,d dejs eas vfHkO;fä ds :i esa muds xhrkas esa mtkxj gqbZ cSBs pkphth ls cfr;krs jgrs FkAs ,l s h gh fdlh gSa ftudk foop s u&fo'ys"k.k muds }kjk jfpr n`';&ifjdYiuk ij vk/kfjr 'kekZ th dk ;g xhrksa ds lanHkZ esa ;gk¡ ij çLrqr fd;k tk jgk xhr ^Mk;tk dks x.Md * ,d ?kVukØe dks gS& 'kekZ th us vius çFke xhr ^Vj*S ls gh bu n'kkZrk gSA o"kZ 2002 ls 2007 ds vius Hkjrijq Le`fr;ksa dk vd a u çkjEHk fd;k gAS bl xhr eas çokl ds nkSjku 'kekZ th us viuh dbZ ntZu ekuks xhrdkj viuh fd'kksjkoLFkk dh lkFkh ,slh f'k";kvksa dks lxahr] u`R; ,oa ukVd dk çf'k{k.k gh ,d fd'kkjsh ds le{k viuh fd'kksjkoLFkk esa çnku fd;k] ftuesa ls jhuk 'kekZ çe[qk Fkh mits vius Hkkokas dks vfHkO;ä u dj ldk ftlus bfUnjk dyk laxhr fo'ofo|ky; dh ijUrq vkt og viuh ml ukf;dk dh çR;sd ch-MkUl ijh{kk dh ;ksX;rk lwph eas vf[ky gjdr ds çfr ltx gSA tc og mls vdy s s gh Hkkjrh; Lrj ij f}rh; LFkku çkIr fd;kA ^ek¡ esyk n[skus tkus gsrq m|r n[skrk gS rks mls dh ;kn* xhr jhuk ds ?kj dh fLFkfr dk lgh lykg nrsk gS fd rqe vHkh esys esa er tkvks fp=k çLrrq djrk gAS ^ckV* xhr xhrdkj dh D;ksfad vHkh ogk¡ ij cgqr HkhM+&HkkM+ gS vkSj tUeLFkyh eSM+ xk¡o ds Hkêk etnwjksa ds thou ls eupys yMds rqels NsM[kkuh djsaxsA HkhM+ de çsj.kk ysdj fy[kk x;k gAS xkze eSM+ ds xjhc gks tkus nks rc eSa rqEgsa lkFk ys tkdj Bhd ls ifjokj ds ykxs fnYyh vkfn cM+s 'kgjksa esa esyk fn[kk nw¡xkA fLFkr bV±ksa ds Hkêkas ij etnjwh djus tk;k djrs xkze eSM+ eas iM a kyh (iaMkas okyh) uke dk Fks vkSj dSyk'k th us ,sls etnwjksa dh C;kgrkvkas ,d dv ÷ k¡ gS tgk¡ ij xko ¡ dh vkjSrsa ikuh Hkjus dks vius ckY;dky esa utnhd ls n[skk gSA xhr ds fy;s tk;k djrh FkhA ;g rc dh ckr gS tc ^rhtka dS esy*S ds 'kh"kZd ls ,l s k çrhr gksrk gS xhrdkj vius xk¡o dh jktdh; çosf'kdk laLÑr ekuks ;g xhr rht ds fdlh esys dks ns[kdj fo|ky; esa vè;;ujr FkAs iM a kyh ds iu?kV fy[kk x;k gkAs ijUrq ;g lR; gS fd xhrdkj us

MkW0

Zdå~a - 2013

MkW0 dSyk'k 'kekZ ;g xhr vius tUe LFkku ls yxHkx rhu dksl dh nwjh ij chyokMh+ uked LFkku ij EgkaEgkb;kas dh tkr nuss tkrh gqbZ efgykvkas ,oa fd'kkfsj;ksa dks tkrs gq, n[skdj mlls çsfjr Hkkoksa ls vksrçkrs gksdj fy[kk gSA xhr ^eaS rks ihj eaS gh jg~xwah jS * dh fo"k;oLrq laHkor% 'kekZ th ds miU;kl ^fojg dk bUæ/uq"k* dh ik=k lk;j ls esy [kkrh gS vkSj xhrdkj us mlh ds bnZ fxnZ bldk rkuk ckuk cuqk gS ftlesa ,l s k çrhr gksrk gS ekuks ukf;dk vius fe=k HkXxw vghj ls fd;s x;s ok;n s dks fuHkkrs g,q fookg ds i'pkr~ Hkh vius ihgj gh jguk pkgrh gSA miU;kl ,oa bl xhr dh ifjdYiuk dk LFky xzke eM S + ds ikl gh e sa ^dVh ihiyh okyk [krs* gS ftls ^fcpyk cklk* Hkh dgk tkrk gAS lHakor% xhrdkj tc viuh ckY;koLFkk eas bl jkg ls gksdj Ldøy tk;k djrs Fks rks ,d iy ds fy, fBBddj bl ?kVukØe dks n[sk fy;k djrs FkAs dSyk'k th ds Ldøyh thou dk ,d lkFkh Fkk ey w pUn vghj tks vkxs pydj jksMost eas Mªkbo Z j gks x;k vkSj vc rks mldk fu/u Hkh gks x;k gSA og jfld fetkt dk FkkA 'kekZ th us ^pkSjkgs ij ukad s >kd sa * xhr eas vius mlh lkFkh dh eukns'kk dks viuh Le`fr;ksa ds jax esa Mc q kd s j ewrZ:i çnku fd;k gSA Hkjriqj dh T;kfsr dVkjk dk MkW0 dy S k'k pUæ 'kek Z ds xhr ys[ku eas cM+k ;ksxnku jgk gSA T;ksfr muls laxhr lh[kus ds fy, fu;fer :i ls vk;k djrh Fkh ijUrq ,dk,d og d÷N ,sls yksxksa ds cgdkos esa vk xbZ tks mlds bl laxhr f'k{k.k esa ck/k mifLFkr djuk pkgrs FkAs lHakor% blds ewy esa mudh vU; fdlh çdkj dh LokFkZ flfð dh Hkkouk 38

ISSN 2231-3079

'kks/ vkys[k jgh gksxhA 'kekZ th us T;kfsr dks tc mudk lkFk NkM s us dks dgk rks mlus mudh lh[k dks vuns[kk fd;k ftl i`"BHkfwe ij mUgkauss ^fpMdyh* xhr dh jpuk djds viuh bl f'k";k dk Hkfo"; cukus dh ifjdYiuk dh gSA dy S k'k th ds tUe LFkku ds vkl&ikl fl;kojth] ck.kxaxk] x.kxkSj] chyokMh+ EgkaEgkb;k sa vkfn ds u tkus fdrus gh esys yxk djrs Fks ftueas ,l s s fHklk;fr;ksa dh nqdkukas ij vkSjrkas ,oa fd'kksfj;ksa ds >.qM ds >q.M lkeku [kjhnus grsq tqVs jgrs FksA viuh fd'kkjskoLFkk eas ns[ks x;s ,sls gh ,d fHklk;rh ,oa fdlh ;qorh esa mits çse lEcU/ dks ^fHklk;rh* xhr esa n'kk; Z k x;k gAS dSyk'k th ds tUe LFkku xzke eSM+ ds ikl eas gh cyl s j uke dk ,d NksVk lk dLck gS tgk¡ dk ih: rsyh fiankjs dk dk;Z fd;k djrk Fkk vkSj vDlj dSyk'k th ds firkJh ,oa vius xq# x.ks'k nkl th ds ikl vk;k djrk FkkA dSyk'k th O;fä'k% rks dHkh mlls u dg lds ijUrq xhr ^ihatjk* ds ekè;e ls mUgkasus vius xq# HkkbZ dks ;g lykg nh gS fd og vius dfBu ifjJe ls fufeZr jtkbZ dks do s y ml O;fä dks gh ns tks deZB ,oa bZekunkj gAS xkze eSM+ fLFkr Jh fl;kojth ds efUnj ds ikl gh cky dh <+k.kh uked xwtj ckgqY; ,d cLrh gS tgk¡ ds ;o q d ;o q fr;k¡ xhr xkrs gq, ey s kas eas tk;k djrs FksA ;g cLrh dy S k'k th ds tUe LFkku ls yxHkx nks Qyk±x dh njwh ij gSA gueqku th ds esys ;k eM S + xk¡o eas yxus okyh xwnMh esa cLrh dh fd'kksfj;k¡ b/j ls gh tk;k djrh FkhA rc 'kk;n mUgkauss ,d ,l s h gh fdlh fd'kksjh dks esys ls j[kMh vkSj v¡xwBh fnykus dh ftn djrs g,q ns[kk gksxk ftls xhr ^jk[kMh fnyk nS* eas ns[kk tk ldrk gSA dSyk'k th dh f'k";k T;ksfr dVkjk dks viuh fdlh Hkwy dk vglkl rc gqvk tc os Hkjriqj NksM+ pqds FksA mudh ,d vU; f'k";k fouhrk us T;kfsr ds i'pkrki dh dgkuh mUgsa nwjHkk"k ij crk;h ftlds vk/kj ij dSyk'k th us xhr ^ckoyk eas T;ksfr dh eukns'kk dk fp=k.k fd;k g&S x# q feY;ks la;kxs lwa ,sL;ks Kku tkrs esjh txjh] vkt le> eSa vkbZ jS ejs]S lkaph ckr Åa dk eu dhA eSM+ xko ¡ ds iM a kyh uked d÷¡, ij lnk gh ifugkfjuksa dk te?kV yxk jgrk FkkA blds ikl gh eas feljksa dh cxhph gS ftldk foLrr` fooj.k dy S k'k th ds ^fojg dk bUæ/kuq"k* miU;kl esa ns[kus dks feyrk gSA bl cxhph eas ,d efUnj Hkh gS tgk¡ ij dbZ eupys ;qod vk¡[k eanws bl rkd eas cBSs jgrs ftlls fd d÷, ij tkrh fd'kkfsj;k sa dh vkjs rkdk >k¡dh dj

ldasA tc ,sls gh fdlh ;o q d dh çfsedk dh jLlh d,÷ esa tk fxjh rks og viuh viuh Hkfä iwtk NksMdj mldh lgk;rk djus d÷, esa dnw iM+k] ftls xhr ^jk[kMh fnyk n*S eas ns[kk tk ldrk gAS dSyk'k th dh fefMy rd dh f'k{kk eSM+ xko ¡ esa gbqZ rRi'pkr~ os gk;j lSd.sMjh dh i<+kbZ djus t;ijq pys x;sA mudk ;g Ldy ø t;iqj ds rksi[kkuk ns'k esa FkkA Ldøy vkr&s tkrs pkn¡iksy cktkj esa os vDlj jaxjst efgyk&iq#"kksa dks pw¡nMh+ l[qkkrs gq, ns[kk djrs FkAs ogk¡ ij ns[ks x;s ,d ,l s s gh n`'; dks vius xk¡o eSM+ ds iFkokjh ekrk ds VhcMs ls dYiuk ykd s eas n[skr gq, xhr ^pnw¡M+h* dh jpuk dh gAS dy S k'k th ds tUe LFkku ds vkl&ikl ds ?kus txay esa yksx vius i'kq pjkus vk;k djrs FksA ;gk¡ ls gkd s j cky uke dh ,d unh cgrh Fkh A dy S k'k th us bl unh ds rV ij xk; pjkrs g,q ,d yMdh dks n[skk ftlds iSj esa dk¡Vk pHqk x;k FkkA tc mlus vius çseh pjokgs ls lgk;rk djus dks dgk rks mlus viuh çsfedk dh dej eas c/ ¡ h udpwVh vius nk¡rksa ls [kksydj mlls mlds iSj dk dkV¡k fudky fn;k ftlds vk/kj ij dSyk'k th us xhr ^dk¡Vk*s dh jpuk dh gSA vkt ls pkyhl ipkl o"kZ iwoZ Jh fl;kojth ds efUnj ds pkjkas vksj ?kuk txay gkrsk FkkA cky unh ds fdukjs ujflag gkyh (u`flga okyh) uke dk ,d [krs gS ftlesa [kMh+ ,d >d q h gqbZ [ktwj ds Qy rkM s us gsrq ,d yMdk vkjS ,d yMdh nkuskas feydj mls fgykrs gSAa tehu ij fxjs ehBs ehBs esokas dks yMdk viuh ml çfsedk dks f[kykrk gS ftls xhr ^gyko.kh* eas n[skk tk ldrk gSA ,d catkjk Fkk ^ik[skj ckck* tk s o"kZ&nks o"kZ eas ?kwerk ?kkerk eSM+ xko ¡ vk;k djrk FkkA og viuk jo s M+ vDlj fl;kojth ds efUnj ds [ksrkas eas cBSk;k djrkA ckyd dy S k'k dh ekrkth mUgsa crk;k djrh fd ,d ckj ik[skj ct ¡ kjs us mUgsa bl vk'k; ls vius Mjss eas ys tkdj Niqk fn;k Fkk ftlls fd vxys fnu og mUgsa ge'skk ges'kk ds fy;s vius lkFk yd s j pyk tk;sA tc ?kjokyksa ds }kjk gj txg ryk'k fd;s tkus ds ckn Hkh ckyd dSyk'k dgha ugha feys rks iks[kj c¡tkjs dk Mjsk ryk'k fd;k x;k vkjS rc mUgsa Msjs esa Nqik;s x;s LFkku esa <wa<dj ct ¡ kjs ds pxaqy ls eqä djk;k x;kA ijUrq dy S k'k th ds eu eas rks vkt Hkh ml c¡tkjs ds çfr lgt Hkko gh gSa ftls mUgkusas ^jo s M+ dh cSBd* xhr esa O;ä fd;k gAS Jh fl;kojth ds efUnj ds ikl ^jkxyk dh <k.kh* gS ftls dhjksa dh <k+.kh Hkh dgk tkrk gAS bl <k.kh ds yMds yMf+d;k¡ [ktwjksa ds ?kus t¡xykas ls xhys ljd.Ms ysdj VhVksM+h (ctus okyk ,d f[kykSuk) cuk djds

ctk;k djrsA xhr ^VhVksMh+* dSyk'k th ds ckyiu dh bUgha Lef`r;kas ij vk/kfjr gAS xzke eM S + ds jktdh; Jhjke çosf'kdk laLÑr fo|ky; ds ikl xksd÷y Hkk.M dk edku gS ftlds lkeus dh jkg ls vkjSras i.Mky uked d÷, ls ikuh Hkjus ds fy;s tk;k djrh FkhA blh lM+d ds fdukjs cPps flrksfy;k [ksyk djrsA viuh ckY;koLFkk eas xhrdkj Lo;a bl ny esa t:j gqvk djrAs vius Ldøyh thou dh ,l s h gh ,d Le`fr dks mUgkusas xhr ^flrksfy;k* esa mdsjk gSA xhr ^vaxst z h dks ?k.Vks* dy S k'k th ds Ldy ø h thou ds ;FkkFkZ dks mn?~kkfVr djrk gAS ml le; os eSM+ ds laLÑr fo|ky; esa laHkor% lkroha ;k vkBoha d{kk esa i<r+s gkasxAs fojkVuxj ds jkefd'kksj ekLVjth vaxt zs h i<k;k djrsA ekLVjth ds }kjk vaxzsth ds ehfuax luqu]s u luqkus ij eqxkZ cuk fn;k tkuk] fd'ku yky }kjk gktj lkc cksyuk vkfn lHkh lPph ckrsa gASa bl xhr dk ik= ckxk (fd'ku yky tkV / ksy;k dh <k.kh] lkn; ~ ks (lk/w jke dE÷gkj) xzke eSM+] ghj~;k s ghjk yky esgjk½ jkxyksa dh <k+.kh] vYyk lHqkku [kk¡ ef.k;kj vkt Hkh bl xhr ds thoar ik=k gaS ijUrq vkt dy S k'k th dk lEidZ fd'ku yky ,oa lqHkku ls gh gSA xkze eSM+ ds cl LV.S M ds ikl gh lkoyk uke dk ,d dv ÷ k¡ gS ftlds ikl lMd ds fdukjs gj nl w js&rhljs o"kZ ,d xkfM;k ykgskj dk ifjokj dbZ dbZ efguksa rd viuk Msjk Mkys j[krkA bl nkSjku og xk¡o okykas ds fy;s QkoM]+s ijkrh] [kqjih nk¡ryh] Nyuh] fpeVs] laMklh vkjS u tkus fdruh gh çdkj dh nfSud mi;kxsh oLrq,¡ ,oa fdlkuksa ds }kjk ç;ä q fd;s tkus okys vkt S kj cuk;k djrkA tc ckyd dSyk'k yksgkj ds bl Mjss ds ikl ls xt q jrs rks mudh çR;d s xfrfof/ dks lw{erk ls ns[krAs dy S k'k th dk xhr ^HkksHky;ks* blh thoUr n`'; dh i`"BHkfwe ij vk/kfjr gS ftlesa ls xkfM;k yksgkj dh i=qkh clarh dks rks os vkt rd foLer` ugha dj ik;sA muds xhr ^ljnkj* esa Hkh yqg kjh dk ik=k clarh dk gh çfr:i gSA dSyk'k th ds tUe LFky ls yxHkx nks Qyk±x dh njwh ij fyNe.k vghj dh <k+.kh gS tks lM+d ds fdukjs ij clh gSA fyNe.k vghj dk iq=k cæh dSyk'k th ds fe=k jes'k dk xgjk fe=k Fkk vkSj vDlj mlds ;gk¡ ly q ih ihus tk;k djrk FkkA je'sk jfld fetkth Fkk vkjS viuh ge mez yM+fd;ksa ls nksLrh djus esa lnk vkxs jgrk FkkA nhikoyh ds fnuksa esa ,d ckj ckyd dSyk'k vius fe=k je'sk ds lkFk fyNe.k vghj dh <+k.kh eas x;s FksA je'sk dh ,d çsfedk us vius cNM+kas dks jxaus ds fy;s mlls jxa ek¡xk FkkA xhr ^jax nS ejsh ckNM+h * mUgha xfrfof/;ksa ds xnZ fxnZ jpk x;k gSA Jh fl;kojth ds efUnj ds

Zdå~a - 2013

39 ISSN 2231-3079

'kks/ vkys[k lkeus larksa dh ,d çkphu /w.kh gS ftlds pcwrjs ij cSBdj dy S k'k th ds firk egUr Jh x.ks'k nkl th egkjkt vius f'k";kas ,oa Hkäksa dks mins'k fn;k djrs FkAs bl /.wkh ij ges'kk gh ?kkl&Ql w dk NIij c¡/k jgrk Fkk ftls xzkeh.k Hkk"kk esa Nku Hkh dgk tkrk gSA bl /.wkh dk mYys[k dSyk'k th ds lkfgR; eas vud s txgkas ij n[skus dks feyrk gSA miU;kl ^fojg dk bUæ/u"qk*] thouh ^deZ;ksxh* ,oa ^vcyk dh efaty* dgkuh lxazg dh dgkuh ^rkcht* rFkk xhr ^Egar x.k'sk nkl th* bu lHkh esa bl ifo=k /.wkh dk o.kZu fd;k x;k gSA ,d ckj bl /w.kh dh Nku dks vk¡/h mMkdj ys x;hA ubZ Nku j[kus dh lkewfgd çfØ;k ,oa vkilh lg;ksx dks ^Nku* xhr thoarrk ds lkFk çLrqr djrk gAS eM S + xk¡o esa NksVh ls<+ ekrk ds ikl gh lks.kh yky flDdk dk edku gS A lk.skh yky iRFkjksa dh fpukbZ dk dke fd;k djrs FksA dSyk'k th us vius ukVd ^yM+h eSM+ dh* eas Hkh flDdksa ds bl edku dk mYy[sk fd;k gSA xhr ^[k.Moky* blh ifjokj dh i`"BHkfwe ds vk/ kj ij fy[kk x;k gAS xhr ^dkBh* dSyk'k th ds thou dh ,d ,slh ?kVuk dks n'kkrZk gS ftlls mUgsa thou esa vkxs c<us dh çjs.kk feyhA ;g xhr muds thou esa ehy dk iRFkj lkfcr gv q kA mUgha ds 'kCnkas e&sa ^ckr 'kk;n 1975 dh gAS eaS ukgjh dk ukdk] t;iqj dh dPph cLrh esa viuh cfgu xhrk thth ds ?kj jgdj i<+kbZ dj jgk FkkA jktdh; njckj mPp ekè;fed fo|ky; esa gk;j lSds.Mjh dk fo|kFkhZ FkkA ,d fnu v/ ¡ jss gh thth ds lkFk ukFkw vkSj eSa Hkh tykus ds fy;s ydfM+;k¡ yuss ukgjh dk ukdk ds Maxwj eas x;As tc ydfM+;ksa dk xVB~j yd s j okil ykSV jgs Fks rks fQjoky us idM+ fy;k vkjS teqkZuk ekaxus yxkA cfgu us mlls fou; dh fd ge bUgas cspus ds fy;s ugha vfirq viuk pYwgk tykus ds fy;s ys tk jgs gSaA rc fQjoky us esjh Ldy w dh Msl ª ij rjl [kkdj gesa NksM+ fn;kA blesa fQjoky dk nks'k ugha Fkk D;kfsad gekjs xko ¡ dk ?khalk d.Msjk Hkh rks ,d&,d fnu esa ikp ¡ &ik¡p Ng&Ng dkfB;k¡ rd ykdj cp s fn;k djrk FkkA vkt ogh fQjoky] esjs Loxh; Z firkth ,oa xhrk thth eq>s thou eas vkSj vkxs c<us gsrq çsfjr dj jgs g*SaA (deZiFk& MkW0 dSyk'kpUæ 'kekZ dk cgqvk;keh l`tu ] i`"B 187 liaknd& js.kd q k bljkuh] çdk'kd f=kos.kh dyk lxae] t;iqj ] laLdj.k 2012) xhr ^Egar x.ks’k nkl th* esa dy S k'k th us vius firkJh dh nfSud xfrfof/;ksa dks çLrrq fd;k

gSA gueqku th ds efUnj esa Hktu gksus ls iwoZ Hkäx.k /w.kh ds pcwrjs ij cSBs gASa dksbZ lqyih ih jgk gS rks dksbZ dksbZ vkil eas cfr;k jgs gSa vkSj cPps yksx vyko tykdj mleas gkFk lsd a jgs gaAS bl xhr ds ik=k ln~;ks ckcks (líh yky /kudk)] lqok yky egar (fo'oukFk 'kekZ)] :Mth ckckl s k (Bkdj÷ :M flag th)] ljwnkl (dhjkas dh <k+.kh dk lwjnkl)] cCcwth (ckcw yky 'kekZ] lxj~;ks dhj (ipksfy;kas dh <k.kh dk lxjk dhj)] Egknsoks (jkxykas dh <k+ .kh dk egkno s dhj)] Hkwj th oS| th (eSM+ ds Hkwjth oS|)] lksU;ks uk;d (lksuk jke uk;d) lHkh ds lHkh egUr x.k'sk nkl th egkjkt dh Hktu e.Myh ds Jðkoku lnL; jgs gaS ftldk o.kuZ dSyk'k th ds lep w s lkfgR; eas ;=k r=k ns[kus dks feyrk gSA bl Hktu e.Myh ds lnL;ksa dks pk; fiykus ,oa nfj;k¡ vkfn fcNkus okyh cPpk Vksyh ds lnL; ckyd dy S k'k Lo;a gaAS lanHkZ xzaFk y[skd@lEiknd

1 2 3 4

MkW0 MkW0 MkW0 MkW0

xazFk dk uke

çdk'kd

dSyk'kpUæ dSyk'kpUæ dSyk'kpUæ dSyk'kpUæ

'kekZ esjs xhr fn[kk;as xk¡o f=kos.kh dyk laxe] t;ijq 'kekZ fojg dk bUæ/uq"k nsoukxj çdk'ku] t;ijq 'kekZ deZ;ksxh Hkkjrh iqLrd eafnj] Hkjrijq 'kekZ fgUnh&ejkBh ukVdksa dk Mh-fyV-~ 'kks/ çcU/] jax oSf'k"B~; % ledkyhu jk¡ph fo'ofo|ky; Hkkjrh; lanHkZ 5 Jh nsoh yky lkej yksd dyk fucU/oyh Hkkjrh; yksd dyk eaMy mn;iqj 6 tksxs'k ukVddkj dSyk'kpUæ 'kek Z ,e-fQy 'kk/ s çcU/] d÷#{ks=k fo'ofo|ky; 7 lqJh dfork vfHkO;fä miU;kl esa ,e-fQy 'kk/ s çcU/] L=kh euksfoKku d÷#{k=sk fo'ofo|ky; 'kks/ Nk=k fgUnh foHkkx] jk¡ph fo'ofo|ky; eksckbZy &09460230344 irk& }kjk f=kos.kh dyk laxe ch 177] fuR;kuUn uxj DohUl jksM t;iqj&302021

i`"B 7 dk 'ks"k Hkkx

nwj taxyksa esa yky yksxksa us [kq'kh esa igyh gh gks ldrk g]S ,slk mudk vuqeku Fkk vkSj ckj gok esa Qk;fjax dhA vkSj ukjs yxk,& vkdk th dk lkSHkkX; nsf[k, fd nsoh th tknwxksM+k esa ;wjsfu;e [kku can gksxh] can lkfgR;dkj gh fudy xb± vkSj lksus ij gkxsh---gekjh uhfr dh thr gkxsh---gekjh fcYyh lqgkxk fd fooknkLin Hkh fudyhaA mudh us Nhds ij Nykax yxk nh gS---A dFkkdkj vkSj varjkZ"Vªh; iqjLdkj nsus y[skuh Hkh dksfy,'ku ljdkj dh rjg pyrh gS] ftldh uuIysf;ax ;k uujkbfVax dSIVu okyh lfefr ds lfpo rstsUæ 'kekZ us eq>s og gksrh gSa] gkFk esa dye dh txg FkSyh ,d fVIi.kh eSlst dh FkhA ml eSlst ls eSa fy,A gky esa mudks dbZ lnes lR;okfn;ksa ,d uke gVk dj mldh txg ^d[kx* fy[k vkSj /eZjktksa ds dkj.k Hkksxuk iM+k FkkA jgk gw¡] D;ksafd ml uke ls vki ifjfpr gSa bruk gh ugha lkB lqnafj;ksa ds nckspd muds vkSj gekjh >kj[kaM dh ljdkj Hkh& ^fç; lkfgfR;d vkdk Hkh egkç;k.k dj x,A HkkbZ fnyhi] eq>s vkidh fVIi.kh ls ijs'kkuh gkFk esa nq[k gh nq[k Fkk] ysfdu jkt Hkk"kk ugha gSA ijs'kkuh ;g gS fd latho lesr uk foHkkx ds vkdk th us nq[k esa lq[k dh tkus fdrus yksxksa us (rFkkdfFkr :i ls) pkluh ?kksy nhA lkFk gh] mudks oknk Hkh ^d[kx* dks pksjh djus esa lgk;rk dhA vkSj fey x;k fd mudks tYnh gh L=kh dks 'kks"k.k rc rd djrs jgs tc rd mlls d÷N vk'kk,¡ ls eqfä dh ftEesnkfj;k Hkh nh tk,xhA vkSj c¡/h jghaA lcdks mlds O;ogkj ls ijs'kkuh

Zdå~a - 2013

gqbZA pksjh ls fdlh dks Hkh ugha gqbZA ;kuh vki lcdh ekusa rks og dy dh yM+dh lcdks csodøQ cuk xbZ---geus Hkxoku nkl eksjoky dk p;u jsr ds fy;s fd;k FkkA exj irk pyk fd mu ij djksM+ #i;s ds ?kiys dk vkjksi gSA---* tjk ^yM+dh* 'kCn ij xkSj djsa---og yM+dh ugha gS]a vc rks og ipiu ls T;knk dh gksaxh vkjS 'kk;n iqjLdkj çkIr djus ds le; pkyhl ikj dj pqdh Fkha ;k mlds vkl&ikl Fkha---og mez pqjkrh gSa vkSj pqjkrh gh jgsaxh cM+s ys[kdksa dh jpukvksa ls n`';ksa dks vkSj ys[ku dh ,d Vhe ds ckn nwljh Vhe cukrh gh jgsaxhA ,slk yxrk gS fd dFkkdkj rstsUæ 'kekZ dh fVIi.kh ds ckn bl ys[k esa d÷N vkSj fy[kus dh t:jr ugha jg xbZ gSA 40

ISSN 2231-3079

'kks/ vkys[k

vizfre fuca/kdkj ckyÏ".k Hkê MkW0 Mkseu gtke vius euksoSKkfud fuca/ksa esa Hkê th us viuh fpUru vkSj fopkj&'kfDr dk vPNk ifjp; fn;k gSA muds lkfgfR;d fuca/ muds ân; dh lgt Hkkoqdrk dks ysdj pys gSaA ijUrq vius bu lHkh izdkj ds fuca/ksa esa Hkê th dk :i loZ=k ,d&lk gh jgk gS vkSj og gS vius ikBdksa ds fy, mudh lgt vkReh;rk dk HkkoA

Hk

s ] cky&fookg] og`éyk] tSlk dke ê th dk tUe la0 1901 esa gqvk fodV [ky FkkA buds firk iafMr os.khizlkn us budh oSlk ifj.kke] pUælsu] ubZ jks'kuh dk fo"k] f'k{kk&nh{kk ij izkjEHk ls gh fo'ks"k è;ku vkpkj foMEcu] izFkq pfj=k] os.kq lagkj] fn;k FkkA ?kj ij gh laLÑr dh f'k{kk Hkê th e`PNdfVdA buesa ls i©korh vkSj 'kfeZ"Bk dks feyus yxh vkSj iUæg&lksyg o"kZ dh caxyk ukVdksa ds vuqokn gSa] os.kqlalkj vkSj voLFkk rd ;gh Øe jgkA izkjEHk ls gh Hkê e`PNdfVd laLÑr dsA miU;kl & lkS vtku ,d lqtku] th vè;;u'khy ckyd FksA LFkkuh; fe'ku uwru czãpkjhA Ldøy dh f'k{kk lekIr dj os ;equk fe'ku fuca / la x z g & lkfgR;&lq eu] Ldøy esa laLÑr ds vè;kid gks x,] ijUrq Hkê fuca/koyhA /kfeZd erHksn gksus ds dkj.k mUgsa 'kh?kz gh lEiknu & fgUnh 'kCn&lkxj] vè;kiu dk;Z R;kxuk iM+kA O;kikj djus fgUnh iznhiA dh bPNk ls Hkê th dydÙkk Hkh x;s] ijUrq lkfgR; lk/uk & 'kh?kz gh ykSV vk,A rnuUrj fgUnh lkfgR; Hkkjrs Unq ;qx ds fuca /dkjksa es a ia 0 dks xkSjo'kkyh cukus esa Hkê th us viuk lkjk thou yxk fn;kA 32 o"kZ rd HkV th ckyÑ".k Hkê dk O;fDrRo lcls vf/d us ^fgUnh iznhi* dk lEiknu fd;kA blds izHkko'kkyh gSA cÙkhl o"kks± rd vius i=k vfrfjDr dk'kh ukxjh izpkfj.kh lHkk ds ^fgUnh&iznhi* }kjk os fujarj fgUnh lkfgR; ^fgUnh 'kCn&lkxj* uked dk'sk dk Hkh bUgksaus dh lk/uk esa jr jgs vkSj mUgksaus ukVd] a & lHkh {ks=kkas eas ekSfyd lkfgR; d÷N le; rd lEiknu fd;kA la01971 esa miU;kl] fuc/ dh jpuk dj vius cgqeq[kh izfrHkk'khy Hkê th dk nsgkUr gks x;kA lkfgfR;d O;fDrRo dk ifjp; fn;kA fuca/ jpuk,¡ Hkê th fgUnh ds cgqeq[kh izfrHkk&lEié &{ks=k esa rks mudh lkfgfR;d izfrHkk cgqr gh x|dkj FksA ukVd miU;kl] fuc/ a ] lEiknu& leqér :i ysdj izdV gqbZA blesa lansg ugha lHkh {ks=kksa esa mUgksaus viuh mRÑ"V lkfgfR;d fd Hkê th dk O;fDrRo] mudk euu vkSj izfrHkk dk ifjp; fn;k FkkA mudh jpuk,¡ fpa ru] mudh fopkj&'kSyh muds fuca/ &lkfgR; esa [kwc fu[kjh gSA blhfy, Hkê th bl izdkj gS& ukVd & f'k{kk nku] i©korh] 'kfeZ"Bk] vius ;qx ds izfrfuf/ fuca/dkj gSaA HkkjrsUnq n;earh Lo;aoj] dfyjkt dh lHkk] jsy dk ;qx ds fuca/&;qx dh lHkh fo'ks"krk,¡ muds

ckyÏ".k Hkê fuca/ksa esa Hkyh&Hkk¡fr ns[kh tk ldrh gSA Hkê th us uSfrd] lkekftd] jktuhfrd] euksoSKkfud vkSj lkfgfR;d] lHkh fo"k;ksa ij fuca/ksa dh jpuk dh gSA vr% tgk¡ rd fo"k;&lkexzh dk iz'u gS] Hkê th ds fuca/ksa dk {ks=k cM+k O;kid gSA mUgksaus vius lkekftd vkSj jktuhfrd fuca/ksa esa ns'kokfl;ksa dh orZeku n;uh; voLFkk ds ;FkkFkZ fp=k izLrqr fd, gSaA mudh v/ksxfr ls mUgsa ifjfpr djk;k gS vkSj bl v/ksxfr ds nyny ls mcjus ds fy, mUgsa yydkjk gSA vius euksoSKkfud fuca/ksa esa Hkê th us viuh fpUru vkSj fopkj&'kfDr dk vPNk ifjp; fn;k gSA muds lkfgfR;d fuca/ muds ân; dh lgt Hkkoqdrk dks ysdj pys gSaA ijUrq vius bu lHkh izdkj ds fuca/ksa esa Hkê th dk :i loZ=k ,d&lk gh jgk gS vkSj og gS vius ikBdksa ds fy, mudh lgt vkReh;rk dk HkkoA tSls xq#tu ckydksa dks QVdkj ls] I;kj ls lh[k nsrs gSa] Hkê th dk O;ogkj Hkh vius ikBdksa ls fuca/ks ads }kjk ,slk gh jgk gSA viuh bUgha lc fo'ks"krkvksa ds dkj.k Hkê th fgUnh fuca/ lkfgR; dh ijEijk ds egRoiw.kZ LraHk gSaA fgUnh foHkkx ih0,u-,e dkWyst] xkseks] /uckn

Zdå~a - 2013

41 ISSN 2231-3079

Qk;ns gh Qk;ns

nsoh y{eh dks iVkus ds Qk;ns ckysUnq 'ks[kj frokjh

nhikoyh dh jkr esa fdlh Hkh 'kgj

ds eqgYys dh fdlh Hkh xyh ds fdlh Hkh ?kj esa >k¡d vkb,A gj ?kj esa yksx nsoh y{eh dks iVkus ds l?ku dk;ZØe esa O;Lr utj vk,¡xsA d÷N egkuqHkko rks ^Jh y{eh th lnk lgk;* dk e=ak tirs gq, og dk;ZØe o"kZ Hkj pykrs gSaA y{eh iVkou dk;ZØe dh vf[ky Hkkjrh; izfr;ksfxrk ns[kdj vkidk eu rjksrktk gks tk;sxkA ysfdu ;g lkspdj vki vQlksl jl esa Mwcus&mrjkus yxsaxs fd nsoh y{eh dks iVkus esa vc rd vki fo'kqð rkSj vlQy jgs gSaA tcfd blh /jk/ke ds vla[; lTtuksa vkSj lTtfu;ksa us y{eh nsoh dks bl gn rd iVk fy;k gS fd Jherh y{eh th nwljksa dks ?kkl ugha Mky jgh gSaA bl fyLV esa lalkj Hkj ds usrk] vfHkusrk] dkjiksjsV] O;kikjh vkSj vf/dkjh vkrs gSaA bu lcdks y{eh th ds lxqe iVkou dh euksgj dyk esa izFke Js.kh izFke LFkku izkIr gSA bl lwph esa vc d÷N f[kykM+h d÷N vukM+h Hkh 'kkfey gks x, gSaA blfy, gs ikBdksa] nsoh y{eh dks iVkus ds Qk;nksa dh fyLVckth is'k djus ls igys og t:jh gS fd mUgsa iVkus ds rjhdks a dk 'kkL=kh; fo'ys"k.k] vè;;u vkSj eYw;kadu dj fy;k tk;A ;g lkjk izlax lcds fy, iq.; iznku djus okyk] iki gjus okyk] lnk dY;k.k djus okyk] fo'ks"k Kku iznku djus okyk vkSj HkfDr txkus okyk gSA ckck rqylhnkl us lfn;ksa igys Qjek;k Fkk& ^iq.;a ikigja lnk f'kodja foKkuHkfDriznaA* y{eh nsoh dks iVkuk vklku ugha gSA ysfdu bl dk;Z ds Qk;nksa dks lw¡?k dj yksx dksf'k'k djrs jgs gSa] dj jgs gSa] djrs jgsaxsA

igys yksx foosdkuUn] xk¡/h] Hkxrflag] pUæ'ks[kj vktkn vkfn dh thofu;k¡ i<+ dj izsj.k izkIr djrs Fks vkSj l'kjhj egku cu tkrs FksA vkt rks /ud÷csj vkSj ckgqcyh cuus dk nkSj gSA blds fy, cktkj eas fcyxsV~l vkSj vEckuh ca/qvksa dh thouh ekStwn gSA ykyw pkfylk vkSj /kSuh pfjrekul Hkh gkftj gSA buds lrr ikjk;.k ls vkidks y{eh nsoh dks izlé djus esa lqfo/k gksxhA bl lanHkZ esa bu dkO; ifaDr;ksa ij Hkh Ñi;k è;ku fn;k tk;& x`gy{eh ds fu;e ls pj.k i[kkjsa vki dsoy blh mik; ls dVs nfjærk 'kki] dVs nfjærk 'kki djsa bPNk,¡ iwjh pk; uk'rs dh vk'kk uk jg tk, v/wjhA cguk ns[k izlé Lo;a oj nsaxh y{eh djks lnk ;g ;Ru izlé jgs x`gy{ehAA buMksj esa x`gy{eh mQZ futh /eZiRuh ds vykok vkmVMksj esa pan gjhHkjh izsj.kk,¡ Hkh gksa rks lksus esa lqgkxk lef>,A izsj.kk,¡ ge'skk y{eh iVkou izksxke esa lgk;rk djrh gaAS ;gk¡ rd fd ekWMyuqek izsfedk,¡ rks Jherh y{eh nsoh ds lqj{kkdfeZ;ksa dks Hkh iVkus esa leFkZ gksrh gSaA ;g u dfg,xk fd y{eh th dks lqj{kkdfeZ;ksa dh Hkyk D;k t:jr\ bl ns'k ds gj ukxfjd vkSj ukxfjdk dk ;g ije vf/dkj vkSj drZO; gS fd vxj og lpeqp vius dks egku vkSj fof'k"V izekf.kr djuk pkgrk g]S rks vius vkt&wcktw d÷N vnn lqj{kkdfeZ;ksa ds lkFk gh fHkaMh vkSj I;kt dh 'kkWfiax djus fudysA gekjs eqgYys dk vknj.kh; ikuokyk Hkh de ls de pkj lqj{kkdfeZ;ksa ls f?kjus ds ckn gh iku ds iÙks ij pwuk&dRFkk ysfir dj jgk FkkA vc vki gh crkb, fd D;k gekjh y{eh nsoh vkSj muds okgu mYyw egkjkt dk LVSaMMZ ml ikuokys ls Hkh x;k&xqtjk gSA gekjs vklikl mYyw Js.kh ds cgqr lkjs yksx <sj lkjs lqj{kk dfeZ;ksa ls f?kjs ?kwers utj

vkrs gSaA rks fQj y{eh nsoh ds fy, de ls de tsM Js.kh dh lqj{kk gksrh gh gksxhA lkjk fjtoZ cSad vkSj 'ks;j cktkj mUgha ds ds;j vkWQ esa gSA eokfy;ksa vkSj ekfQ;k yksxksa ls Hkjs gq, bl lalkj esa lqj{kkdfeZ;ksa ds fcuk ewo djuk muds fy, Hkh dfBu gksxkA bl /jrh ij ,sls&,sls is'ksoj vij.kdrkZ ekStwn gSa] tks reke y{eh th dks mbkdj ys tk,¡xs vkSj Hkxoku fo".kq ls fQjkSrh dh bruh cM+h jde dh ek¡x djsaxs fd rhuksa yksdksa dh lEifÙk Hkh de iM+sxhA bl ekgkSy esa y{eh nsoh ds pkjks vksj lqj{kkdehZ rks gksaxs gh] ftUgsa iVkus esa ekWMy izsj.kk,¡ dke vkosaxhA jgh ckr y{ehth dks iVkus dh] rks bl dk;Z esa 'kh?kzrk djuh gksxhA lke] nke] n.M vkSj Hksn dk fo/ku rks 'kkL=kksa esa Hkh crk;k x;kA pkgs ftl rjhds ls pkal feys] nsoh y{eh dks iVk yhft,A viuk vk/kj dkMZ nsf[k, vkSj ml ij fd;k x;k uEcj ck¡fp,A irk pysxk fd vki bl ns'k esa 892646534451 ds euq"; gSaA cgqr yEch D;w gSA y{eh nsoh rd vklkuh ls ugha igq¡p ldsaxs vkiA cSd Mksj ls muds ikl tkdj mUgsa iVkus dk dk;ZØe lEié dhft,] rks cusxh ckrA y{eh th izdV gks xb± vkids lkeus rks D;k djsaxs\ ogh lfn;ksa iqjkuh vkjrh xk,¡xs vkiA ogh <sj lkjh lEifÙk dh dkeuk djsaxs vkiA ogh Vhoh pSuyksa ij /wrZ iafMrksa }kjk crk, x, iwtkikB ds rjhdksa ls y{eh th dks iVk;asxs vkiA cksj ugha gkasxh ek¡ y{eh\ blh fy, mrjh gSa /jrh ij\ rks Ñi;k y{eh th dks ân; ls eukb,] eu ls iVkb,A rHkh bl iVkou dyk dk fodkl ,slk gksxk fd lc vksj Qk;ns gh Qk;ns utj vk,¡xsA &6 f'koe] gfjgj flag jksM] eksjkcknh] jk¡ph& 834008- eks0 09931529164 42

Zdå~a - 2013 ISSN 2231-3079