STEM CELL TRANSPL ANT FOR ACUTE MYELOID LEUKEMIA (AML) DR. DAVID GREENE ARIZONA
TYPES OF SCT USED FOR AML Allogeneic stem cell transplant Autologous stem cell transplant
ALLOGENEIC STEM CELL TRANSPLANT This is the most common type of SCT used to treat AML. In an allogeneic SCT, the stem cells come from someone other than the patient – usually a donor whose tissue type (also known as the HLA type) closely matches the patient’s
Tissue type is based on certain substances on the surface of cells in the body. Differences in HLA types between the stem cell donor and recipient can cause the body's immune system to react against the cells
Therefore, the closer a tissue “match” is between the donor and the recipient, the better the chance the transplanted cells will “take” and begin making new blood cells
AUTOLOGOUS STEM CELL TRANSPLANT In an autologous transplant, a patient’s own stem cells are removed from his or her bone marrow or blood. They are frozen and stored while the person gets treatment (high-dose chemotherapy and/or radiation)
In the lab, a process called purging may be used to try to remove any leukemia cells in the samples. The stem cells are then put back (reinfused) into the patient’s blood after treatment
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