JAY SHANKAR PRASAD KE SAHITYA ME DALITODWAR

Scholarly Research Journal for Interdisciplinary Studies, Online ISSN 2278-8808, SJIF 2016 = 6.17, www.srjis.com UGC Approved Sr. No.49366, JAN–FEB, 2018, VOL- 5/44

Tk; ‘kadj izlkn ds lkfgR; esa nfyrks)kj jk/ksS;ke, Ph. D.

izoDrk & fgUnh, jktdh; egk fo- xkSaMk vyhx<

izLrqr ‘kks/k]^t;’kadj izlkn* ds ukVdksa @ lkfgR; esa nfyr oxZ ds izfr lkkekftd vU;k;k ,oa lq/kkj dh Hkkouk dks aifjyf{kr djrk gSA fiNM+s oxZ ¼nfyr oxZ½ dh ifjHkk”kk lafo/kku dh /kkjk 16 ¼4½ rFkk /kkjk 46 esa nh xbZ gSA gekjs lafo/kku fuekZrkvksa dk fiNM+k oxZ ls vk’k; Fkk] oks oxZ tks lkekftd ] ‘kSf{kd ,oa vkfFkZd :Ik ls fiNM+k gSA ^tkfr* Hkh muesa fiNM+k gksus dh ik=rk gS] ysfdu dsoy ;gh ,d ek= fiNM+k gksus dh ik=rk ugha gSA ysfdu nqHkkZE;o’k dsoy tkfr dks gh fiNM+k oxZ dh igpku djus dk ,dek= vk/kkj eku fy;k x;kA fiNM+s oxksZ esa tks yksx vkfFkZd :Ik ls nwljksa ls vf/kd lcy gS] vkj{k.k ds ,d cM+s fgLls ds Hkkxhnkj gks x,A blls gqvk ;g gS fd okLro esa tks yksx vkj{k.k ds vlyh gdnkj Fks ] mUgsa vkj{k.k ds ykHk dHkh ugha fey ik,A blds vykok Hkkjr dh vusd tkfr;ksa esa Loa; dks fiNM+k lkfcr djus dh gksM+ ep xbZA tfLVl fpuIik jsM~Mh us ,d ekeys dh lquokbZ ds nkSjku dgk gS% “ Nowhere else in the world is there competition to assert bank – wardness and to claim , we are more backward than you.” xqtjkr ljdkj }kjk xfBr jk.ks vk;ksx us Hkh ;g fu”d”kZ fudkyk fd fofHkUu oxksZ }kjk Loa; dks fiNM+k lkfcr djus dk

laxfBr iz;kl gks jgk gSA ;fn blh rjg fiNM+k rFkk vU; oxZ dh ekaxs mBrh jgh rks Hkkjr dh 80 izfr’kr turk vkj{k.k ds vUrxZr vk tkrh gSA fiNM+h tkfr rFkk vU; fiNM+h tkfr;ksa ds 27 izfr’kr vkj{k.k rFkk bl vkj{k.k ykHk dks vkSj vf/kd c<+kus dh ek¡x ds ‘kksj esa lafo/kku fuekZrkvksa }kjk iznRr vkj{k.k dh ewy Hkkouk nc lh xbZ gSA f’k{kk ds vHkko esa fiNM+h tkfr;ksa dks vkj{k.k dk iw .kZ ykHk ugha fey ik;k gSA ikfjHk nfyr oxZ ] fiNM+k] vkj{k.k] nfyrks)kj A 4Z

Scholarly Research Journal's is licensed Based on a work at www.srjis.com

kks/k izjpuk %

kks/k v/;;u dks lEikfnr djus ds fy, iw.kZr% f}rh;d rF;ksa ij vk/kkfjr

kks/k izjpuk dks pquk gS] ftlesa ,sfrgkfld v/;;u i/nfr dsk Hkh lekosf ” kr fd;k x;k gS] rkfd v/;;u dh izLrqfr ljy fdUrq rkfdZd :i esa dh tk ldsA Tk; ‘kadj izlkn ,ao nfyrks)kj % ^t;’kadj izlkn* ds ukVdksa esa nfyr oxZ ds izfr lkkekftd vU;k;k ,oa lq/kkj dh Hkkouk lcls vf/kd ukVd ^fo’kk[k* es aifjyf{kr gksrh gSA jktk ujnso us lqJqok uke dh lkjh lEifRR viâr djds ckS) eB dks nku dj nh rFkk mUgsa Hkwfeghu dj fn;kA mudh fLFkfr bruh n;uh; gks xbZ fd isV Hkjus ds fy, bjkorh rFkk pUnzys[kk dks ekfyu os’k esa lse dh Qfy;k¡ rksMd + j viuk isV Hkuk iM+rk gSA fdUrq fo’kk[k }kjk ns[k ysus ij os lge tkrh gSA Qfy;k¡ rksMd + j o`{kksa ds uhps foJke djrh gqbZ xhr dh ;s iafDr;k¡ mudh nfyr voLFkk dks n’kkZrh gSaA pUnzys[kk %& ^l[kh jh! Lkq[k fdldks gS dgrs \ Ckhr jgk gS thou lkjk dsoy nq%[k gh lgrsAA d:.kk ] dkUr dYiuk gS cl] n;k u iM+h fn[kyk;hA funZ; txr] dBksj ân; gS] vkSj dgha py jgrsAA Copyright © 2018, Scholarly Research Journal for Interdisciplinary Studies

Dr. Radheshyam 9769 (Pg. 9768-9771)

l[kh jh! Lkq[k fdldks gS dgrs \** fo’kk[k ds iwNus ij fd ^^lkSUn;Z esa lqj&lqUnfj;ksa dks Hkh yfTtr djus okyh vki yksx D;ksa nq%[kh gSa \ vkSj ] ;s Qfy;k¡ vki D;ksa ,d= dj jgh gSa \**2 rc Hk;Hkhr gksdj bjkorh crkrh gS & ^^nfjnzrk us foo’k fd;k gS blh ls vkt lse dh Qfy;k¡ ] isV Hkjus ds fy,] vius cw<+s cki dh j{kk ds fy, ] rksM+ yh gSaA ;fn vkKk gks rks bUgsa Hkh j[k nw¡A**3 ge yksx rc ls vUughu ] nhu&n’kk esa ] bl d”Ve;h fLFkfr esa thou O;rhr dj jgh gSaA bu {ks=ksa dk vUu ;fn fxjk iM+k Hkh dHkh cVksj ys tkrh gw¡] rks Hkh Mj dj] fNidjA** 1 bl izdkj ;g ukx ifjokj nfyr voLFkk esa lkekftd vU;k; dks lgu djrk gS fdUrq fo’kk[k ds eu esa muds thou lq/kkjus dh Hkkouk cyorh gks mBrh gS vkSj og iz;kljr gks tkrk gSA og izsekUkUn dks crkrk gS fd lR;’khy us gh ^^,d dqVqEc dks cM+k nq[kh cuk;k gS vkSj mudh dU;k dks vius fogkj esa cUn dj j[kk gSA**2 izsekuUn ] fo’kk[k dks vk’khZokn nsrs gSa fd vius ^drZO; dks fuHkZ; gksdj djks** 3 & ^^?kcjkuk er bl fofp= lalkj lsA vkSjksa dks vkrad u gks vfopkj lsAA deh u gks vkuUn&dks’k es]a iw.kZ gksA dgha u pkyksa esa iM+ dksbZ pw.kZ gksAA lh/kh jkg idM+ dj lh/ks pyksA Nys u tkvks vkSjksa dks Hkh er NyksAA fucZy Hkh gks] lR;&i{k er NksMu+ kA ‘kqfprk ls bl dqgqd&tky dks rksMu+ kA**4 xq: dk ;g vk’khZokn ] mls nfyr cuk fn, x, ifjokj dh j{kk djus esa lgk;rk djrk gS vkSj og lkgl ls Hkj dj turk ds lkFk ujnso dk fojks/k djrk gSA jktk ] lqJqok uke dh lEifRr fogkj ls okfil lqJqok dks fnyok nsrk gS rFkk lqJqok ukx vkSj mldh iqf=;ksa dks nfyr voLFkk ls eqfDr feyrh gSA ukVd ^pUnzxqIr* esa dgrs gSa fd tc uUn cgqr foyklh gqvk rks mldh Øwjrk vkSj Hkh c<+ xbZ ] mlus Hkh vius izkphu eU=h ‘kdVkj dks cUnh cuk dj rFkk mlds lkr iq=ksa dks Hkw[k ls rM+ik &rM+ik dj ekj fn;k vkSj mls nfyr voLFkk esa jgus dks foo’k fd;kA ‘kdVkj dh dsoy ,d iq=h thfor cph& lqokfluhA mls Hkh vfHku; djds viuk thou;kiu djuk iM+kA pk.kD; mls ,d LFkku ij os’;k rd crk nsrk gSA pk.kD; ,d LFkku ij ns[krk gS fd ^;g dkSu Hkwfe&lfU/k rksMd + j liZ ds leku fudy jgk gSA** 1 ‘kdVkj feV~Vh esa ls ^ouekuq”k ds leku fudyrk gSA**2 ‘kdVkj vius vki gh dgrk gS & ^^fdrus eghus] fdrus o”kZ ! Lej.k gSA vU/kdwi dh iz/kkurk loksiZ fj FkhA lkr yM+ds Hkw[k ls rM+Ik dj ejsA d`rK gw¡ ml vU/kdkj dk] ftlus mu foo.kZ eq[kksa dks u ns[kus fn;kA dsoy muds ne rksMu+ s dk {kh.k ‘kCn lqu ldkA fQj Hkh thfor jgk& lRrw vkSj ued ikuh feykdj ] viuh ulksa ls jDr ihdj thfor jgkA**3 pk.kD; tc mls dgrk gS fd eSa rqEgkjh lgk;rk ds fy, izLrqr Copyright © 2018, Scholarly Research Journal for Interdisciplinary Studies

Dr. Radheshyam 9770 (Pg. 9768-9771)

gw¡ rks lkekftd vU;k; ls xzLr ‘kdVkj dh ;s iafDr mldh nfyr voLFkk dks gh mtkxj djrh gS& ^^lgk;rk djksxs\ vk’p;Z! euq”; euq”; dh lgk;rk djsxk] og mls fgaL=Ik’kq ds leku uksp u MkysxkA gk¡] ;g nwljh ckr gS fd og tksd a dh rjg fcuk d”V fn;s jDr pwlAs ftlesa dksbZ LokFkZ u gks] ,slh lgk;rkA rqe Hkw[ks HksfM;sAa **1 uUn ds vU;k; ,oa Øwjrk ls og bruk {kqC/k gks pqdk gS fd vc fdlh ij Hkh lgt gh fo’okl ugha djuk pkgrkA fQj ‘kdVkj dgrk gS & ^^ns[kk gS dHkh&lkr&lkr xksn ds ykyksa dks Hkw[k ls rM+Ik dj ejrs \ vU/kdkj dh ?kuh pknj esa cjlksa Hkw&xHkZ dh thfor lekf/k esa ,d&nwljs dks viuk vkgkj nsdj LosPNk ls ejrs ns[kk gS& izfrfgalk dh Le`fr dks Bksdjsa ekj&ekj dj txkrs] vkSj izk.k foltZu djrs\ ns[kk gS dHkh ;g d”V&mu lcksa us viuk vkgkj eq>s fn;k vkSj firk gksdj Hkh eSa iRFkj&lk thfor jgkA** 2 vkSj fQj vkØks’k ls Hkj dj dgrk gS& ^^lko/kku gksa ] os tks nqcZyksa ij vR;kpkj djrs gSaSA ihfM+r in&nfyr ] lc rjg yqVk gqvkA ftlus iq=ksa dh gfM~M;ksa ls lqjax [kksnh gS] u[kksa ls feV~Vh gVk;h gS% mlds fy, lko/kku jgus dh vko’;drk ughaA esjh osnuk vius vfUre vL=ksa ls lqlfTtr gSA**3 ‘kdVkj uUn ls izfr’kks/k ysus dks rRij gS og ukxfjdksa ls ckr djrk gqvk dgrk gS&^^euq”; euq”; dks bl rjg dqpydj fLFkj u jg ldsxk A eSa fi’kkp cudj ykSV vk;k gw¡A** 4 blh nkSjku pUnzxqIr ] ‘kdVkj ds iwNus ij fd ^esjh j{kk dk Hkkj dkSu ysrk gS*5 ] dgrk gS& ^^eSa ysrk gw¡A eSa mu lc ihfM+r ] vk/kkr&ttZj ] in&nfyr yksxksa dk laj{kd gw¡] tks ex/k dh iztk gSA**6 vkSj vUr esa lq/kkj dh Hkkouk ls Hkjk gqvk ‘kdVkj ^^Nqjk fudky dj uUn dh Nkrh esa ?kqlsM nsrk gS**1 bl izdkj izlkn ds ukVdksa esa nfyr oxZ ds izfr lkekftd vU;k; ,oa lq/kkj dh Hkkouk n`f”Vxkspj gksrh gSA Hkkjrh; lekt Nwr&vNwr dh O;kf/k dks lfn;ksa ls >sy jgk gS] fdUrq blls eqfDr feyrh ugha fn[krhA 1950 esa tc bl ns’k esa u;k lafo/kku ykxw gqvk Fkk rks mlesa vLi`’;rk dks vijk/k ?kksf”kr dj fn;k x;kA dkuwu rks cu x;k] fdUrq yksxksa dh ekufldrk ugha cnyhA vkt Hkh ns’k ds fofHkUu Hkkxksa ls bl izd kj ds lekpkj vkrs jgrs gSa fd veqd LFkku ij nwYgk cus nfyr ;qod dks ?kksMh+ ij ugha p<+us fn;k x;k] veqd LFkku ij fdlh nfyr ds ‘ko dks ml ‘konkg x`g esa vfXunkg ugha djus fn;k x;k ftldk mi;ksx Å¡ph tkfr ds yksxksa ds e`rdksa ds fy, fd;k tkrk gSA ;g fLFkfr Hkh de =kln ugha gS fd O;kf/k ls ns’k dk dksbZ Hkh Hkkx vNwrk ugha gSA nfyr oxZ dks tkfrokn ij vk/kkfjr gekjh lekt O;oLFkk dh ihM+k >syuh iM+rh gSA rfeyukMw esa lkekftd lq/kkj ls tqM+s vkUnksyuksa dh yEch ijEijk gSA fdUrq ;g izns’k vkt Hkh NqvkNwr dh O;kf/k ls xzflr gSA ogka vusd LFkkuksa ij vkt Hkh pk;&dkQh cspus okyh ,slh nqdkusa gSa tgk¡ Lo.kksZ dks LVhy ;k ‘kh’ks ds fxyklksa esa pk; nh tkrh gS vkSj nfyrksa dks iz;ksx ds ckn QSad fn, tk ldus ;kSX; I;kyksa esaA HksnHkko ds fo:) tc tkx:d nfyr viuk izfrjks/ k O;Dr djrs gSa rks mu ij fgal d vkØe.k gksrs gSaA ogk¡ Nwvk&Nwr fojks/kh dqN laxBuksa }kjk O;kid losZ{k.k fd, x, gSaA mUgksua s vLi`’;rk ds vusd fcUnqvksa dh igpku dh gSA izkphudky ls gh nfyr oxZ dks f’k{kk izkfIr ls oafpr j[kk x;kA mUgsa Hkwfe xzg.k djus ;k fdlh izdkj dh lEifRr j[kus dk vf/kdkj rks dHkh Fkk gh ughaA thfor jgus ds fy, dBksj Je ds vfrfjDr muds ikl dHkh dksbZ fodYi ugha jgkA Copyright © 2018, Scholarly Research Journal for Interdisciplinary Studies

Dr. Radheshyam 9771 (Pg. 9768-9771)

ns’k ds yxHkx lHkh Hkkxksa es]a fo’ks”k :I ls xkaoksa esa nfyr vkSj lo.kZ cfLr;k¡ vyx&vyx curh jgh gSaA rkfeyukMw ds enqjS ftys ds ,d LFkku mRFkqiqje esa HksnHkko bl lhek rd gS fd lo.kZ tkfr ds yksxksa us ogk¡ ehVj yEch ,d ,slh nhokj Hkh cuk yh gS ftlesa nfyr oxZ ds yksx mudh cLrh esa u vk ldsaA losZ{k.k fjiksVZ dgrh gS fd vLi`’;rk fojks/kh dkuwu f’k{kk ds izlkj vkSj vk/kqfud thou ds ncko ds dkj.k bl O;kf/k us vusd u, :i /kkj.k dj fy, gSaA eSyk <ksus ds dke ij vf/kdrj nfyrksa dks gh yxk;k tkrk gSA bl losZ{k.k }kjk ;g rF; Hkh mtkxj gqvk fd rfeyukMw ds dqN xk¡oksa esa Mkfd, nfyrksa ds /kjksa esa tkdj Mkd ugha nsrsA mUgsa dgk tkrk gS fd o Lo;a Mkd/kj tkdj vius Mkd ys vk,¡A clksa esa nfyrksa ds p<+us ij vusd vM+pusa Mkyh tkrh gSaA mudh cfLr;ksa esa cus LVkiksa ij clsa ugha [kM+h dh tkrhA Ldwyksa dh n’kk cgqr cqjh gSA vf/kla[; v/;kid lo.kZ tkfr;ksa ds gksrs gSaA d{kk esa nfyr cPpksa dks vyx cSBk;k tkrk gSAijUrq oRZekku ifjn`’; esa izk;% nfyr v/;kid lkekU; oxZ ds fo/kkfFkZ;ksa dks mudh tkfr ds vk/kkj ij viuk xqLlk fudkyrs gSaA los{Z k.k ls ;g Hkh Kkr gqvk fd vuds Ldwyksa esa nfyr v/;kidksa }kjk lkekU; oxZ ds fo/kkfFkZ;ksa dks f’k{kk izkfIr ds fy, grksRlkfgr fd;k tkrk gS lkoZtfud forj.k iz.kkyh esa Hkh lkekU; oxZ ds fo/kkfFkZ;ksa ds lkFk HksnHkko fd;k tkrk gSA muls dgk tkrk gS fd lIrkg ds ,d fo’ks”k fnu os viuk jk’ku ysAa ;s f’kdk;rsa Hkh feyh gS fd nqdkunkj mUgsa iwjk jk’ku ugha nsrsA xkaoksa esa nfyrksa dks vusd izdkj ds v/kksf”kr izfrca/kksa ds e/; thuk iM+rk gSA mUgas dsoy eknk dqRrk ikyus dh vuqefr gksrh gSA xkao ds eafnj esa tc dksbZ /kkfeZd mRlo euk;k tkrk gSA rks nfyrksa ls ;g vis{kk dh tkrh gS fd bu fnuksa os lo.kks Z ds lkeus ugha vk,axs vius vkidks buls nwj j[ksxa sA bl izdkj ds lrr~ vU;k; ds izfr vkØks’k vkSj izfrjks/k dk Hkko nfyr oxZ esa mHkj jgk gSA rfeyukMw dh ;s /kVuka, ek= ,d mnkgj.k gSA bl izdkj dh /kVuk,¡ ns’k ds lHkh Hkkxksa esa /kfVr gksrh jgrh gaSA yxrk gS fd Å¡p&uhp dk HksnHkko gekjh ekufldrk dk vax cu x;k gSA orZekku jktuhfr ] i<+&s fy[ks vkSj izxfr’khy le>s tkus okys usrk Hkh tkfr lwpd uke ls iqdkj dj oksV izkIr djrs gS] ftlls lekkt esa }s”k izR;qRiUu gksrk gSA;g fLFkfr jk”V~ ,ao jk”V~h; v[k.Mrk ds fy, ?kkrd gSA nfyr oxZ esa tSls&tSls f’k{kk dk izlkj gqvk gS] mUgsa vPNh ukSdjh ikus dh lqfo/kk,¡ c<h gsaSA bl fLFkfr esa ;fn ;g :f<+xzLr lekt vius vki dks cnysxk] ugh arks gekjk lekt tkfrxr ruko vkSj la/k”kZ ls cqjh rjg ihfM+r jgsxkA lanHkZ% ^t;’kadj izlkn* & fo’kk[k ] Hkkjrh Hk.Mkj yhMj izsl bykgkckn vkpk;Z uUn nqykjs oktis;h&vk/kqfud lkfgR; Hkkjrh Hk.Mkj yhMj izsl iz;kx enku bUnzukFk & t;’kadj izlkn dk fpUru ] fgUnh Hkou bykgkckn izlkn bZ’ojh & fgUnh lkfgR; dk bfrgkl

Copyright © 2018, Scholarly Research Journal for Interdisciplinary Studies