AADHUNIK YUG ME YOG DARSHAN KA MAHATWA

Scholarly Research Journal for Humanity Science & English Language, Online ISSN 2348-3083, SJ IMPACT FACTOR 2017: 5.068, www.srjis.com PEER REVIEWED JOURNAL, FEB – MAR, 2019, VOL- 7/32

o"kkZ jkuh 'kekZ] Ph. D.

¼ih0 ,p0 Mh0 n'kZu 'kkL=½ Scholarly Research Journal's is licensed Based on a work at www.srjis.com

dks½

esa

lekf/k }kjk gqvk gSA ewy osn ea= & bu ea=ksa dh pkj lafgrk;sa gSa ;Fkk & _Xosn] ;tqosZn] lkeosn] vFkoZosnA bu pkjksa ds pkj miosn ekus x;s gSa & ¼1½ _Xosn dk vFkZosn ¼2½ ;tqosZn dk /kuqosZn] ¼3½ lkeosn dk xkU/koZ osn ¼4½ vFkoZosn dk vk;qosZn mijksDr pkjkssa osnksa dk ikB vkfn Hksn ls 1133 ¼1133½

dgykrh

gSaA czkge.k xzaFk & ewy osnksa esa cryk, x;s /keZ vFkkZr~ ;Kkfn deksZ rFkk vkSj O;oLFkk buesa dh xbZ gSA **czkge.k**

áu**

¼cwgq c/kZus] c<+us okyk vFkkZr~ fcrku ;K gS½ buesa pkj izfl) gSa & ¼1½ ,srjs; & _Xosn dk] ¼2½

; czká.k &

lkeosn dk rFkk ¼4½ xksiFk & vFkoZosn dk gSA czká.k xzUFkksa dk viokn & foijhr tkrk gSA ~ & eq[; vFkZ czge fo|k gSA buesa vf/kdrj osnksa esa mfYyf[kr vk/;kfRed fopkjksa dks le>k;k x;k gSA bUgsa gh **osnkUr** dgk tkrk gSA buesa eq[; 11 ¼X;kjg½ gSa& sX; 1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

Copyright © 2017, Scholarly Research Journal for Interdisciplinary Studies

9

10

Mk0 o"kkZ jkuh 'kekZ (Pg. 8846-8862)

8847

o`gnkj.;d 11 ¼1½

gs;

gs;a&

nq%[keukxre

¼;ks0n0l0ikn lw= 16½ vFkkZr~ vkus okys nq%[k gs; gSA ¼R;kxus ;ksX; gS½ nq%[k dk okLrfod Lo:iA ¼2½ gs; gsrq & nq%[k dk mn~xe dgk¡ ls gksrk gSA ;ks0n0lk0ikn lw= 17½ ¼3½ gku% & gku fdl voLFkk dk uke gSA ¼4½ gkuksik; & furkUr nq%[k fuo`fÙk dk lk/ku D;k gSA foosd [;kfr foIyok gkuksik; vFkkZr~ vfoIyo foosd&[;kfr gku dk mikax gS ¼;ks0n0lk0iknq lw=&26½ ] ¼2½ nq%[k leqnk;] ¼3½ nq%[k&fujks/k] ¼4½ nq%[k fujks/k ekxZA ¼1½ ehekalk] ¼2½ osnkUr ¼3½ U;k;] ¼4½ ¼5½lk[;]¼6½;ksx ;s osnksa ds mikM dgykrs gSA osnksa ds N% vax gSa &

fu:Dr ¼5½ NUn]

bu N% vaxksa ds }kjk osn ea=ksa ds vFkksZ dk ;FkkFkZ cks/k izkIr gksrk gSA ;ks

kn gS & ¼1½ lekf/kikn] ¼2½ lk/ku ikn] ¼3½ foHkwfr

ikn] ¼4½ dSoY; iknA bu pkj iknksa ds 195 lw= gSaA ;Fkk] lekf/k ikn&51] lk/ku ikn &55] foHkwfr ikn&55] dScY; ikn 34] lkjk lekf/k ;kn ,d izdkj ls rhu lw=ksa dh foLr`r O;k[;k gS& 1- ;ksx

Ùk o`fÙk fujks/k& ;ksx fpRr dh o`fRr;ksa dk jksdukk A

2-

oLFkkue~ esa vofLFkfr gksrh gSA

3- o`fÙk lk:I;ferj= % izrhr gksrk gSA

Copyright © 2017, Scholarly Research Journal for Interdisciplinary Studies

Mk0 o"kkZ jkuh 'kekZ (Pg. 8846-8862)

egk

8848

e;d lafo/kku fuekZrk egkeqfu euq egkjkt th us áh;a

fØ;rsruq%** vFkkZr~ egk;Kksa rFkk ;Kksa }kjk czká ;K &iwf.kZek rFkk vekoL;k esa tks NksVh NksVh

dh tkrh gSa] budk uke

;K gSA egk;K

es?kkfn ;Kksa dsk egk;K dgk x;k gSA ;K ds vokUrj Hksn fuEu

gSa& 1- czge;K & izkr% vkSj lk;adky dh la/; rFkk Lok/;k;A 2- nso ;K & izkr% ,oa lk;adky dk gouA 3- fir`$;K% & nso vkSj firjksa dh iwtk vFkkZr~ ekrk firk xq: vkfn dhlsok rFkk muds izfr J)k HkfDrA 4-

& idk;s gq, vUu ls vU; izkf.k;ksa ds fy, Hkkx fudkyukA

5- vfrfFk ;K & ?kj ij vk;s vfrfFk dk lknj lRdkjA Tksfeuh eqfu u

vFkkZr~ **vkxke** izek.k

ekuk gS vFkkZr~ **osn** dks izek.k ekuk gSA osnksa esa ikap izdkj ds ¼1½ fof/k & **LoxZdk;ks;trs** LoxZ dh dkeuk okyk ;Kdjksa bl izdkj ds okD;ksa dks fof/k dgk x;k gSA ¼2½ ea= ¼3½ uke/ks; & ;Kksa ds uke dh **uke/ks; laKk gSA ¼4½

& vuqfpr dk;ksZ ls vyx jgus ¼fojr jgus½ dks

¼5½ vFkZokn & fdlh inkFkZ ds lPps xq.kkssa ds dFku dks vFkZokn dgk x;k gSA JhenHkxen xhrk lka[; &;ksx dk izeq[k xzUFk gSA blds bVkjg v/;k;ksa esa Kku deZ lU;kl ;ksx] deZ lU;kl ;ksx] vkRe la;e ;ksx& Kku foKku ;ksx] v{kj czge ;ksx] {ks= {ks=K foHkkx ;ksx] foHkwfr ;ksx] Copyright © 2017, Scholarly Research Journal for Interdisciplinary Studies

Mk0 o"kkZ jkuh 'kekZ (Pg. 8846-8862)

8849

;ksx] {ks= {ks=K foHkkx ;ksx] lEif}Hkkx ;ksx] J)k=; foHkkx ;ksx] eks{k lU;kl ;ksx] bu vBkjg Lo:iksa B ;ksx lafgrk] ?kSj.; ;ksx lafgrk] fgj.; xHkZ ;ksx lafgrk] ikrUty ;ksx lafgrk] vkfn esa Hkh ;ksx ds fofHkUu vk;keksa dk foLr`r o.kZu fd;k gSA ;ksx ds vkfn vkpk;Z fgj.; xHkZ gSA fgj.; xHkZ lw=ksa ds vk/kkj ij ¼tks bl le; yqIr gS ½ x;k gSA ;Fkk&

LefU}fo|k

u?k Kku ;ksxsu

lka[;kuke~ deZ ;ksxsu ;ksfxuke ¼xhrk 3@3½ esa eSus iqjkru dky

dgha gS dfiyeqfu }kjk laj{kd ;ksx dh fgj.; xHkZ }kjk dgha ;ksfx;ksa

;ksx esa gksrh gSA½ vkfn vkpk;Z fgj.;xHkZ gSa A buls iqjkru budk oDrk vkSj dksbZ ugha gSA ;Fkk fgj.; xHkksZ ;ksxL; oDrk ukU;% iqjkru% AA ¼egkHkkjr 12@349@65½ ;ksx dh ijEijk izkphu dky

¼

½ irUtfy eqfu us **;ksx

f

dgk gS ftldk o.kZu Jqfr vkSj

Le`fr esa ik;k tkrk gSA ;Fkk & *fgj.; xHkksZ ;ksxL; oDrk ukU;% iqjkru% ¼;kKoYD;½ AA Hkkxor iq.ka fgj.;xHkksZ Hkxoku txkn;r~ A ¼Jhen~Hkkxor~ 5@19@13½ ¼_xosn 10@121@1] ;tq0v0@3@4½ fgj.; xHkZ leorZrkxzs HkwrL; tkr% ifrjsd vklhrA** fgj.;xEHkZ gh igys mRiUu gq, tks leLr Hkwrksa ds ifr FksA Copyright © 2017, Scholarly Research Journal for Interdisciplinary Studies

Mk0 o"kkZ jkuh 'kekZ (Pg. 8846-8862)

8850

ml lq[k :Ik nso dh ge vkjk/kuk djrs gSaA** egkHkkjr egkdkO; ds vuqlkj **;g }qfreku fgj.;xHkZ ogha gSa] ftudh osn esa Lrqfr dh x;h gSA ;ksxhtu budh izfrfnu iwtk djrs jgrs gS vkSj lalkj esa bUgsa **foHkq** dgk x;k gSA ;Fkk& **fgj.;xeksZ |qfreku

Lrqr% ¼egkHkkjr@12@342@96½

;ksxS% lEiwT;rs fuR;al p yksds foHkq% Le`r%AA fgj.;xeZ txr~ ds vUrvkZRek gSa%& **fgj.; xHkksZ txnUrjkRek** ¼vnHkqr jkek;.k&15@6½ fy eqfu eg gq, gSA dqN fo}kuksa dk er gS fd ikf.kuh O;kdj.k dk ¼oS|d½ dh pjd lafgrk] ;s nksuksa gh xazFk tks fd vius& vf}rh; xzUFk gS] bUgha ds }kjk jfpr gS A ;Fkk &**;ksxsu fpÙkL; insu okpka ;ks ;kdjksÙka izoja equhuka ir¥~tfya izk¥~tfyjku rks fLeAA buesa lokZf/kd izekf.kd] izfl) vkSj iqjkru ¼;ksx& tkrk gSA O;kl&

; dks ekuk

vR;f/kd xw<+

rFkk foKku fHk{kq us ;ksxokfrZd ds ljyhdj.k gsrq dh gSA foKku fHk{kq }kjk jfpr **;ksx&lkj** esa ;ksx ds o`fRr;ksa esa **jktekrZ.M** ftldks **Hkksto`fRr** Hkh dgk x;k gS] vR;Ur yksdfiz; ,oa

}kjk

**;ksxokfrZd** ;ksxo`fRr ds vk/kkj ij izeq[k jpuk gSA dks leku ra= ¼Allied System½ekuk ewyk/kkj **eks{kkuqHkwfr** izkIr djuk gSA ;ksx Hkh lka[; dh gh Hkkafr lalkj dks Copyright © 2017, Scholarly Research Journal for Interdisciplinary Studies

Mk0 o"kkZ jkuh 'kekZ

8851

(Pg. 8846-8862)

rhu izdkj ds nq%[kksa ls ifjiw.kZ ekurk gSA ¼1½ vk/;kfRed nq%[k ¼2½ vkf/k HkkSfrd nq%[k] vkSj ¼3½ nq%[kksa ls fuo`fÙk ekuk x;k gSA cU/ku dk dkj.k vKku gSA vfoosd gSA blfy, eks{k dks izkIr djus ds fy, rRo s og ;ksx lk/kuk esa vR;Ur egRoiw.kZ gSA vkRek rFkk ijekRek dk vfLrRo izek.k vkRek vkSj ijekRek vfirq vrhfUnz; tM+ inkFkksZ dk Hkh okLrfod Lo:i ds Kku gsrq ;ksx lk/kuk dks gh eq[; ekuk gSA ;Fkk & **vkReU;kReeulks% la;ksx

izR;{ke

½

vFkkZr~ vRek es

k

gksrk gSA vkRek vkSj eu dk ;ksx lekf/k }kjk tc la;ksx izR;{k gksrk gS] rc ml ¼

@12½A blh izdkj vU; ¼lw{e vrhfUnz;½ nzO;ksa dk izR;{k gksrk sa pA** tks ;ksxh lekf/k dks

lekIr dj pqds gSa] muds fy, ¼vrhfUnz; nzO;ksa dk½ fcuk lekf/k ds Hkh izR;{k 0&9@1@14½ vFkkZr~ mu ¼nzO;ksa½ esa leosr gksus ls deZ xq.kksa ls ;qDr vkSj ;q¥~tku nksuksa izdkj ds ;ksfx;ksa dks Hkh izR;{k gksrk gSA

qA

5½ vFkkZr~ vkRek esa

leosr gksus ls vkRek ds xq.kksa dk izR;{k gksrk gSA ~ vH;kl

ls

rRo

Kku

mRiUu

gksrk

gSA

**vj.;xqgkiq

q**

¼U;k;&4@2@42½ vFkkZr~ & ou] unh&rhj] unh rV] unh ds fdukjs ¼xqQk½] vkfn LFkkuksa esa ;ksxkH;k bfUnz; vkSj vFkZ ½ vHkko gksrk gSA **rnFkZ ;efu;ekH;klekRe laLdkjksa ;ksxkPpk /;ky fo?;qik;S** ¼U;k;&4@2@46½ vFkkZr~ ml eks{k ds fy, ;e vkSj Copyright © 2017, Scholarly Research Journal for Interdisciplinary Studies

Mk0 o"kkZ jkuh 'kekZ (Pg. 8846-8862)

8852

fu;eksa ls vkSj vH;kl ds mik;ksa }kjk ;ksx ls vkRek dk laLdkj djuk pkfg,A ¼;ksx ds izfrcU/kd ey&fo{ksi vkSj vkpj.k dks gVkuk pkfg,½ vFkkZr~ ;ksx ds ekxZ esa vkus okys

djus okys leLr vkoj.k

dks nwj dj nsuk pkfg,A lka[; vkSj ;ksx

lqizfl) oSfnd rFkk osnkUr

gSA gSA fd;k gSA

dks osnkUr dgk x;k gSA lka[; vkSj ;ksx esa Zu fd;k x;k gSA blhfy, lka[;

vkSj ;ksx gh izkkphu **fuR;ksa fuR;kuka

ukesdks cgwuka ;ksfon?kfr dkeku~A **AA

vFkkZr~&fuR;ksa dk fuR; psruksa dk psru tks vdsyk gh lcdh dkeukvksa dks iwjk djrk gS ml nso dks tks cU/kuksa mfpr izdkj ls tks ;ksxh eqfutu] ¼lka[;½ vkSj ;ksx ls Hkksxrs gq, e`R;q ds le;

lU;klh lU;kl&

q) vUr%dj.k okys gSa] os yksx lcls mRre ve`r dks czáyksd esa LorU= gks tkrs gSaA xkn ;r ; **AA ¼lq0&3[k2ea06½ ~A**

vFkkZr~ lka[; ds leku dksbZ nwljk Kku ugha gS vkSj ;ksx ds leku dksbZ nwljk cy ugha gSA fy;s fujks/k ls izkIr fd;k tk ldrk gS vkSj lka[; lE;d Kku lsA fdlh dks ;ksx

Copyright © 2017, Scholarly Research Journal for Interdisciplinary Studies

Mk0 o"kkZ jkuh 'kekZ (Pg. 8846-8862)

8853

ekxZ tfVy izrhr gksrk gS vkSj fdlh ds lka[; ekxZ@blh lka[; vkSj ;ksx nksuksa gh ekxksZ dks cryk;k gSA ;Fkk% ¼;ksx okf

½

**}kS ØekS fpUruk ; ;ksxksa Kkua p jk?ko@;ksxksa o`fÙk fujks/kksfg Kkua lE;xos{k.ke~AA vlk/;% dLifpizdkjkS }kS rr% lk{kk¥ ds Lo:i dk ykHk izkIr djrs gSA ;ksxh Hkh ;ksx ls mlh dks izkIr djrs gS tks lka[; vkSj ;ksx dks ,d gh le>rk gS] ogh rRoKkuh gSA fdUrq bu nksuksa esa lka[; fdafpr dfBu gSA ;Fkk& lU;klLrq] egkcgksnq%[kekIrqe;ksxr% A ;ksx;qDrks eqfuczge ufpjs.kkfp xPNfr vFkkZr~ gs vtqZu] fcuk ;ksx ds lka[; lk/ku :i esa dfBu gSA ¼xhrk 5@6½ lka[; vkSj ;ksx nksuksa gh dk mn~xe ,d gh LFkku ls gksrk gS vkSj vUr esa nksuksa dk laxe Hkh ,d gh LFkkuu ij gksrk gS] fdUrq ;ksx e/; esa fdafpr ?kqeko okys ekxZ vFkkZr~ iDdh lMd okys ekxZ ls pyrk gS] vkSj lka[; lh/ks dfBu ¼jkLrs½ ekxZ ls tkrk gSA lka[; vkSj ;ksx esa cfgZeq[k gksdj Hkolkxj esa Hkze.k dk dkj.k vfo|k] iz.kk;ke] izR;kgkj] /kkj.kk] /;ku vkSj lekf/k] dk o.kZu gSA ls

tkus ij Kku dk

k gks tkrk gS ;Fkk & ;k0n0lk/ku;kn lw= 28½

blesa lcls vfUre ¼lEizKkr½ lekf/k gSA bl lEizKkr lekf/k dh pkj Hkwfe;ka gS ¼1½ fordkZuqxr ¼2½ fopkjkuqxr ¼3½ vkuUnkuqxr ¼4½ vfLerkuqxr mijksDr _xosn &6@3v@40 oxZ 23 ds ek/;e ls ls dgk x;k gS fd gs k ije vkRek ¼ijekREkk½ ;fn eSa rw gks tkÅ¡ vkSj rw eSa gks tk; vFkkZr~ Copyright © 2017, Scholarly Research Journal for Interdisciplinary Studies

Mk0 o"kkZ jkuh 'kekZ

8854

(Pg. 8846-8862)

lalkj esa lr~ gks tk;sA bl izdkj lka[; vkSj ;ksx esa e/; ds oxZ esa fdafpr lk gh vUrj gSA ;ksx lka[; dk gh fØ;kRed :i gSA ;ksx leLr lEiznk;ksa] erkerkUrjksa ds i{kikr vkSj fookn ls jfgr lkoZHkkSx /keZ gSA ;g rRo dk Kku Lo;a vuqHko }kjk izkIr djkus dk ,d vuqHkwr ek/;e gSA vfUre /;s; rd igqaprk gSA ;ksx ds rhu eq[; vUrfoZHkkx fd;s tk ldrs gSaA 1& Kku;ksx] 2&mikluk ;ksx] vkSj 3& deZ;ksx ;ksx esa] eu dks nks izdkj ls jksduk gksrk gSA ,d esa] dsoy ,d juk fd dksbZ nwljk fopkj vk gh u ik;sA bldks ,dkxzrk vFkok lEizKkr lekf/k dgrs gSaA blds pkj Hksn gS& ¼1½ fordZ & ¼2½ fopkj & fdlh lw{e ¼3½ vkuUn & ¼4½

fpRro`fRr dh ,dkxzrkA esa of.kZr gqvk

gSA vU; lHkh lw= bUgha pkj lw=ksa dh foLr`r O;k[;k gh gSaA ¼1½ vfo|k] ¼2½ vfLerk] ¼3½ dk Kku¼le>uk½ gh vfo|k gSA ¼2½ vfLerk & bl ugha jgrk gSA ;g vfo|k ls mRiUu gqvk fpRr fpfr esa vfoosd ¼3½ jkx & fpRr esa fpfr esa foosd ugha jgus ds dkj.k mM rRo esa lq[k dh blh okluk dks jkx dgk x;k gSA ¼4½

bl jkx ds dkj.k lq[k esa ck/kk vkus ij nq%[k ds laLdkj iSnk gksrs

Copyright © 2017, Scholarly Research Journal for Interdisciplinary Studies

Mk0 o"kkZ jkuh 'kekZ (Pg. 8846-8862)

¼5½

nq%[k ikus ds Hk; ds dkj.k bl HkkSfrd nsg

8855

dks

tUe :ih o`{k ¼mRiUu gksrk gS½ dk izknqHkkZo gksrk gSA ml o`{k esa tkfr] vk;q] vkSj ;ksx dh rhu Qy yxrs gSaA bu rhuks Qyksa esa lq[k&nq[k :ih nks rjg dk Lokn gksrk gSA fgalk jfgr nwljs gsrq tks deZ fd;s tkrs gSa] muls tkfr] vk;q] vkSj Hkksx esa vkuUn tkrs gSa] muls tkfr] vk;q] vkSj Hkkx esa nq[k izkIr gksrk gSA ijUrq rRoosrk dh nq[k rki&nq[k vkSj laLdkj& nq[k dk feJ.k gksrk gSA rhuksa xq.kksa dk ewy LoHkko lnk vfLFkj gksus ds dkj.k mudh lq[k&nq[k

vkSj eksg :ih o`fRr;ka

gh gksrk gSA esa ;ksx dk vFkZ gSA **fpRro`fRr fujks/k** eu] vgadkj] vkSj cqf) dks ;ksx esa fpRr dgk tkrk gSA fpRr vR;Ur papy gksrk gSaA vr% bldk fujks Hkwfe;kss dk mYys[k egkeqfu O;ki us fd;k gSA ¼1½ f{kIr ¼2½ ew< ¼3½ fof{kIr] ¼4½ ,dkxzrk ¼5½

fu:)

¼1½ f{kIr & fpRr dh og voLFkk ftlesa fpRr jtksxq.k ds izHkko esa gksrk gSA bl voLFkk esa fpRr vR;f/kd papy ,oa lfØ; gksrk gSA /;ku ,d oLrq ij u gksdj ,d ls nwljh oLrq dh rjQ pyk;eku jgrk gSA bl voLFkk esa bfUnz;ksa vkSj eu ij la;e ugha gksus ds dkj.k ;g voLFkk ;ksx ds fy, vuqdwy ugha gksrh gSA ¼2½ ew< & bl voLFkk esa fpRr reksxq.k dkk izHkko esa jgrk gSA funzk] vkyL; ;ksx ds fy, mRre ugha dgha x;h gSA Copyright © 2017, Scholarly Research Journal for Interdisciplinary Studies

Mk0 o"kkZ jkuh 'kekZ (Pg. 8846-8862)

8856

¼3½ fof{kIrkoLFkk & blh rhljh voLFkk esa fpUr dk /;ku {kf.kd fdlh oLrq ij tkus ds mijkUr fLFkj ugha jgrk gSA bl voLFkk esa fpRr&o`fRr;ksa dk dqN fy, mRre ugha gSA

ekuk tkrk gSA

¼4½ ,dkxz& bl voLFkk esa fpRr lRo xq.k ls izHkkfor gksrk gSA rFkk lRoxq.k

gksus ds dkj.k ;g voLFkk esa ;ksx esa iw.kZ :is.k lgk;d gksrh gSA ;g ;ksx dh vlk/kkj.k voLFkk dgykrh gSA ¼5½ fpRr fu:)koLFkk & bl voLFkk esa o`fRr;ksa dk fujks/k gks tkrk gSA ;g voLFkk fpRr fujks/k dh vlk/kkj.k voLFkk gksrh gSA ¼1½ ;e] fu;e] vklu] iz.kk;ke] izR;kgkj] /kkj.k] /;ku] lekf/k ¼1½ ;e & czkg; vkSj vH;kUrj bfUnz;ksa ds la;e dh fØ;k dks **;e** dgk tkrk gSA ;e ikap izdkj ds gksrs gS & ¼1½ vfgalk] ¼2½ lR; ¼3½ vLrs;] ¼4½ czgep;Z ¼5½ vifjxzg vfgalk dk rkRi;Z gSa fdlh Hkh le;] fdlh Hkh ifjLFkfr esa fdlh Hkh izkf.k;ksa dh fgalk ugha djuk ek= gh ugha gS vfirq buds izfr Øwj ¼O;ogkj½ vkpj.k dk vk/kkj ekuk x;k gSA /;ku fn;k x;k gSA

opuksa dk ifjR;kx djuk pkfg,A

Copyright © 2017, Scholarly Research Journal for Interdisciplinary Studies

kksa

Mk0 o"kkZ jkuh 'kekZ (Pg. 8846-8862)

8857

vRrs; dk rkRi;Z gS fd **nwljs ds /ku ds vigj.k dh izo`fRr dk R;kx djuk** vFkkZr~ nwljs ds /ku&lEifRr ij vuqfpr :i ls ¼mRdksp&o`fRr vkfn½ viuk vf/kdkj LFkkfir djus dk ifjR;kx djus dks gh vLrs; dgk x;k gSA okluk okyh izof`Rr dk iw.kZ :is.k ifjR;kx k gSA R;kx djus dks gh vifjxzg dgk x;k gSA ¼2½ fu;e & bldk vFkZ gS **lnkpkj dks izJ; nsukA fu;e ikap dgs x;s gSA** ¼3½ vklu & gh vklu dk izko/kku LFk gks tkus ds dkj.k ¼4½ iz.kk;ke iz.kk;ke gSA lka; pyus jgus ds dkj.k eu esa papyrk vkrh jgrh gSA vkSj ok;q ij fu;U=.k ls fpRr fLFkj jgrk gSA ; n`<+ djrk gSA blds rhu Hksn gS & ¼1½ iwjd] dqEHkd] jkspd **iwjd** esa xgjh lkal yh tkrh gSA **dqEHkd** esa lkal dks vUnj jksdk tkrk gSA **jkspd** esa lkal dks ckgj fudkyk tkrk gSA ¼5½ izR;kgkj & izR;kgkj gSA ;ksx ds vH;kl esa /;ku dks ,d LFkku ij dsfUnzr fd;k tkrk gSA izR;kgkj ds s vk/khu gks tkrh gSA bldk viukuk vR;Ur dfBu gSA ijUrq yxkrkj iz;kl] bfUnz;] fuxzg] rFkk n`<+

Copyright © 2017, Scholarly Research Journal for Interdisciplinary Studies

Mk0 o"kkZ jkuh 'kekZ (Pg. 8846-8862)

8858

¼6½ /kkj.kk dgk x;k gSA

fpRr dks vU; oLrqvksa ls gVkdj

,d gh oLrq ij dsfUnzr dj fn;k tkrk gSA bl voLFkk dks izkIr djus ds lk/kd /;ku ds ;ksX; gks tkrk gSA ¼7½ /;ku & Kku

¼8½ lekf/k & bl voLFkk esa lk/kd dks /;s; oLrq dh gh psruk jgrh gSA /;s; :Iks.k yhu gks tkus ds dkj.k mls viuk Kku gh ugha jgrk gSA bl voLFkk esa oLrq dh /;ku fØ;k vkSj vkRek dh gh psruk jgrh gSA ijUrq lekf/k esa ;g psruk yqIr gks tkrh gSA bl voLFkk dh izkfIr gksus ij **fpRr o`fRr fojks/k** gks tkrk gSA gSA ;Fkk & **

o/kku ls gksrh ** ¼lk/kukikn&45½ /;ku] /kkj.kk]

lekf/k dk ;ksx ls lk{kkr lEcU/k gksus ds dkj.k bUgsa ;ksx dk vUrjax lk/ku rFkk iwoZ ds ikapksa ;ksxk¡x cfgjax lk/ku dgs tkrs gSa rFkk ;s ikapksa rks vUrjax lk/kuksa dh rS;kjh ek= gh gSaA vR;Ur dfBu ,oa vlaHko gSA fuo`fRr gsrq pkj lk/kuksa dk o.kZu fd;k gSA ¼1½ gB ;ksx dh N% fØ;k;sa ¼2½ ?kkSfr] ofLr] usfr] ukSyh] =kVd] rFkk dikyHkkafrA cryk;s gSA ;Fkk & **?kkSfroZfLrLrFkk usfrukSZfy fdL=kVdLrFkkA dikyHkkfr

lekpjsr~**AA ¼xkSj{k lafgrk½

Copyright © 2017, Scholarly Research Journal for Interdisciplinary Studies

Mk0 o"kkZ jkuh 'kekZ (Pg. 8846-8862)

8859

¼1½ ?kkSfr & ;g rhu izdkj dh gksrh gS & ¼1½ okfj ?kkSfr ¼2½ czge nkrkSu ?kksfr] ¼3½ okl& ?kkSfrA **?ksj.M** lafgrk esa ?kkSfr deZ ds pkj Hksnksa dk o.kZu gSA ;Fkk & Hksnksa dk o.kZu fd;k x;k gSA ¼1½ okrlkj ¼2½ okfj lkj ¼3½ ofUglkj rFkk vklu & ftl Hkh lq[ke; jhfr ¼fof/k½ le; rd cSBs jg ldrs gSa] mlh voLFkk dks vklu dgk tkrk gSA ;Fkk **fLFkj lq[k ;klue** ¼lk/kuikn&46½ rd /;kuoLFkk esa jgk tk lds rFkk cSBk tk lds muesa dqN izeq[k vkluksa dk o.kZu fd;k tkrk gS & flgklu] ineklu] LofLrdklu] leklu] o)i|klu] dej ds lh/ks esa j[krs gq, ewy cU/k ds lkFk xqnk vkSj miLFk dks vUnj dh [kspjh eqnzk & thHk Åij rkyq esa yxkdj cSBuk gh [kspjh eqnzk dgykrh gSA blls /;ku mRre yxrk gS rFkk vklu esa etnwjh ¼n`<+rk½ vkrh gSA ,d gh vklu esa tc ,d ?k.Vk NRrhl feuV vFkkZr~ 96 fN;kuos fueV fLFkj gksdj lq[k iwoZd cSBus ij bl vklu dh flf) gks tkrh gSA izFke rhu lq[kkluksa esa gkFkksa dks ?kqVuksa ij j[kdj Kk gksrk gSA in~e] c)ine vkSj ohjklu esa nksuksa gkFkksa dks lhus ls yxkdj j[kuk ykHkdkjh gksrk gSA vkluksa ds vH;kl gksuk pkfg,A vH;kl ls rhu ?k.Vs igys ls isV dks [kkyh j[kuk pkfg,A **lk/kuikn lw= 46** ds vuqlkj vH;kl djus ds fy, ck/kk jfgr LFkku mi;qDr gksrk gsA

Copyright © 2017, Scholarly Research Journal for Interdisciplinary Studies

Mk0 o"kkZ jkuh 'kekZ (Pg. 8846-8862)

8860

fujksxh vkSj vklu dks n`<+ rFkk rFkk /;ku dks fLFkj djus vkSj dq.Mfyuh dks tkxzr djus gsrq mi;ksxh cU/k&eqnzk;sa vkSj vkluksa dk laf{kIr ifjp; fuEu gSA ¼1½ ewy cU/k] mMmh;ku cU/k] tkyU/kj cU/k] egkcU/k] egkos/k eqnzk;sa X;kj 11 izdkj dh gksrh gSa & [kspjh eqnzk] egkeqnzk] rpkfyuh eqnzk] ;ksfu eqnzk] ;ksx

rM+kxh eqnzk]

foijhrdj.kh eqnzk] otzksyh eqnzk vkSj mUeqfu eqnzkA vkluksa dk laf{kIr o.kZu & lh/ks ¼fpr½ ysVdj djus okys vkluksa dk laf{kIr o.kZu & ¼1½

iknk

kkZlu]

¼2½

¼3½ lEizlkj.k&Hkw ueuklu] ¼4½ ¼8½ ¼11½

jklu] ¼5½ mRrkuikn lokZaxklu

iknklu ¼7½ ân;LrEHkklu

vklu

¼9½

¼gyklu½

gLr&iknkax ;g

nks

izdkj

¼10½ ls

m/oZ&lokZaxklu]

fd;k

tkrk

¼12½ Luk;q&lapkyuklu ¼13½ iou&eqDrklu] ¼14½ pdzklu d.kZ ihMklu] ¼16½ xHkkZlu ¼17½

gSA ¼15½

A

isV ds oy ysV dj djus okys vklu %& ¼1½

¼2½ ukH;klu ¼3½ e;wjklu ¼4½ Hkqtaxklu ¼likZlu½

¼blds rhu Hksn vuqHkoh ;ksfx;kasa us fy[ks gSa ½ ¼v½ mfRFkrSdikn Hkqtaxklu

¼c½ Hkqtaxklu ¼l½ ljy gLr Hkqtaxklu ¼5½

klu ¼6½ ?kuqjklu vkfnA cSBdj djus okys vklu %& ¼1½ eRL;sUnzklu] ¼;s ikap Hkkxksa esa foHkDr gS½ ¼2½

pdklu ¼3½

lqIr ctzklu ¼5½ dUnihMklu ¼6½ ikoZrh vklu ¼7½ xksj{kklu flagklu ¼9½ odklu ¼10½

¼8½ A

iùklu esa cSBdj djus okys vklu%& ¼1½ m/oZ iùklu ¼2½ mfRFkr iùklu

Copyright © 2017, Scholarly Research Journal for Interdisciplinary Studies

Mk0 o"kkZ jkuh 'kekZ (Pg. 8846-8862)

8861

¼3½- dqDdqVklu ¼4½- xHkkZlu ¼5½- dwekZlu ¼6½- eRL;klu ¼7½- rksykaxqyklu ¼8½- f=cU/kklu vkfnA [kMs gksdj djus okys vklu%& ¼1½ rkM+klu ¼2½ x:.kklu

¼3½

f}ikn

A

4½ ikngLrklu ¼5½ gLrkiknka

lw;Z Hksnh O;k;ke%& ¼vklu½ ¼1½ ueLdkj vklu ¼2½ m/oZ ueLdkj

¼3½

gLriknklu ¼4½ ,diknizlj.kklu ¼5½ f}iknizlj.kklu ¼6½ Hkw/kjklu

¼7½

izf.kikrklu ¼8½ likZlu ¼9½

10½ ueLdkjklu

¼11½

m/oZueLdkjklu vkfnA lekf/k flf) ls vklu flf) Lor% gks tkrh gSA vklu lk/ku gS rFkk lekf/k vkfn esa jgus okyh vuUrrk esa fpRr dks O;o/kku jfgr rnkdkj fd;k tkrk gS r lq/k cq/k lekIr gksus ds dkj.k vklu nq[k dks mRiUu djus okyk ugha gksrk gSA ;Fkk & ** vkuUR;s psrl% lekifRr% fØ;rs vO;o/kkusu rknkE;eki|rs rnk nsgkgadkjkHkkokUuklua nq%[ktuda Hkofr** A ¼Hkksto`fRr½ vklu ds fLFkj

&

dgrs gSa A ¼lk/kuikn 49½ ;ks

dk fodkl gks tkrk gSA

;ksxh v

kq ,oa ijek.kq dk :i ys ldrk gS] og mM+

ldrk gs] og lHkh thoksa

dj ldrk gS

og igkM+ ;k unh dk :i /kkj.k dj ldrk gSA og dksbZ Hkh bfPNr oLrq eaxk ldrk gsA og leLr HkkSfrd oLrqvksa dk vf/kdkjh cu ldrk gSA og ek;kch gSA ksxh dk vfUre /;s; kZu gh gksuk of.kZr gS rFkk ;ksxkH;kl ds }kjk ;ksxh eks{k dh izkfIr djrk gSA Copyright © 2017, Scholarly Research Journal for Interdisciplinary Studies

Mk0 o"kkZ jkuh 'kekZ (Pg. 8846-8862)

8862

;ksx dh lkFkZdrk rFkk mlesa fufgr LokLF; lEcU/kh fØ;kvksa

dh

dks vk/kqfud fpfdRlk foKku us Hkh ekU;rk iznku dh gSA ekufld ,oa crkdj bldk vuqeksnu djrs gS ,oa ;ksxkH;kl viukus ds fy, izsfjr dj jgs gSA ;ksfxd fØ;kvksa esa vgksjh iaFk dk egRoiw.kZ ;ksxnku jgk gSA bl iaFk ds ukfM;ksa ;Fkk byk

¼LkjLorh½ dks tkx`r djus ij

&%bfr%&

Copyright © 2017, Scholarly Research Journal for Interdisciplinary Studies