Scholarly Research Journal for Humanity Science & English Language, Online ISSN 2348-3083, SJ IMPACT FACTOR 2019: 6.251, www.srjis.com PEER REVIEWED & REFEREED JOURNAL, APRIL-MAY, 2021, VOL-9/45
jk"Vªh; f'k{kk uhfr 2020 ,oa izkS<+ f'k{kk c`ts'k dqekj ik.Ms;] Ph. D.
,lksfl,V izksQslj] f'k{kk'kkL= foHkkx] lar fouksck ih0th0 dkyst] nsofj;k] m0iz0 Paper Received On: 25 MAY 2021 Peer Reviewed On: 30 MAY 2021 Published On: 1 JUNE 2021
Scholarly Research Journal's is licensed Based on a work at www.srjis.com
f'k{kk ekuo thou dks Js"B cukus dk lokZf/kd egÙoiw.kZ lk/ku gSA f'k{kk izfØ;k ds nkSjku izkIr Kku rFkk dkS'ky ds }kjk O;fDr vius thou dh fofHkUu leL;kvksa dk lek/kku djrk gSA vius lkekftd rFkk HkkSfrd i;kZoj.k dks mUur cukrk gS rFkk vius vf/kdkjksa ds izfr ltx jgrs gq, vius drZO;ksa dk ikyu djrk gSA O;fDrxr] lkekftd] jk"Vªh; rFkk vkfFkZd mUufr esa f'k{kk dk vR;Ur lkFkZd ;ksxnku gksrk gSA yksdrU= jk"Vª esa f'k{kk ds }kjk de ls de rhu ykHk lEHko gSA izFke] f'kf{kr O;fDr vius O;fDrxr o lkekftd thou dh leL;kvksa dk lek/kku mfpr <ax ls dj ldrk gS] ftlls og ekufld o 'kkjhfjd n`f"V ls LoLFk jgdj jk"Vª dh ekuo 'kfDr] mRiknu 'kfDr esa vf/kd ;ksxnku dj ldsA f}rh; f'kf{kr O;fDr vius drZO;ksa rFkk mÙkjnkf;Roksa dks Bhd <ax ls le>dj mudk fuoZgu dj ldsxk rFkk vius vf/kdkjksa ds izfr ltx jgsxk] ftlls og vU;k; o /kks[kk/kM+h ls cp ldsxkA r`rh; f'kf{kr O;fDr vius jkstxkj ds fy, izHkko'kkyh <ax ls dk;Z dj ldsxk] ftlls mldh O;fDrxr vkfFkZd mUufr gksxh rFkk jk"Vªh; vk; esa c`f) gksxhA bu rhuksa ykHk dks /;ku esa j[kdj gh f'k{kk laLFkkvksa dh LFkkiuk dh tkrh gS] ijUrq ;g vkSipkfjd f'k{kk laLFkku vFkkZr~ izkFkfed fo|ky;] ek/;fed fo|ky;] egkfo|ky; rFkk fo'ofo|ky; ;k vU; f'k{kk laLFkku lkekU;r% 6 o"kZ ls 25 o"kZ dh vk;q ds ckydksa dks f'k{kk iznku djus dk nkf;Ro mBkrs gSa] ijUrq lekt dk ,d cgqr cM+k ,slk oxZ gksrk gS tks vusdksa izdkj ds O;fDrxr] ikfjokfjd] lkekftd] vkfFkZd] 'kSf{kd vFkok vU; dkj.kksa dh otg ls bl f'k{kk laLFkku esa f'k{kk izkIr ugha dj ikrk gS rFkk vf/kd vk;q tks tkus ds ds dkj.k f'k{kk laLFkkvksa esa f'k{kk izkIr djus dh fLFkfr esa ugha jg ikrk gSA izkS<+ f'k{kk] f'k{kk ,oa izf'k{k.k dh ,d ,slh fof/k gS] ftlds ek/;e ls mu O;fDr;ksa ds Kku&dkS'ky ;k vfHko`fÙk;ksa vkfn esa ifjorZu yk;k tkrk gS tks fdUgha dkj.kksa ls fo|ky; ugha tkuk pkgrs gSa ;k ugha tk lds gSaA yksdra= dh lQyrk tu lewg dh lk{kjrk ij fuHkZj djrh gS] Copyright © 2021, Scholarly Research Journal for Humanity Science & English Language
MkW0 c`ts'k dqekj ik.Ms;
11128
(Pg. 11127-11131)
D;ksafd lk{kj ;k f'kf{kr O;fDr gh turU=] lkekftd U;k; ,oa mÙkjnkf;Ro vkfn ds fl)kUrksa dks le> ldrk gSA L=h&iq#"kksa dks ;ksX; ukxfjd cukus] muds thou dks lkFkZd cukus] fuj{kj O;fDr;ksa dks lk{kj cukus rFkk mUgsa nSfud thou ls lEcfU/kr ckrksa dh lkekU; f'k{kk nsus ds fy, izkS<+ f'k{kk vko';d gSA izkS<+ f'k{kk ds }kjk turk dks LoLFk ukxfjd] cqf)eku ernkrk] dq'ky dkjhxj ,oa ;ksX; dykdkj cuk;k tk ldrk gSA vf'kf{kr O;fDr dk ekufld fodkl vo:) gks tkrk gS] ftlds dkj.k lekt esa mldk LFkku f'kf{kr O;fDr;ksa dh vis{kk fuEu gksrk gS vkSj mldk 'kks"k.k gksrk jgrk gSA vr% izkS<+ f'k{kk vf'kf{kr O;fDr;ksa ds fy, vko';d gS rkfd os lekurk vkSj LorU=rk dk vFkZ le> ldsa vkSj vius vf/kdkjksa dk mi;ksx dj ldsAa vkt Hkh Hkkjr esa djksM+ksa yksx ,sls gSa tks v¡xBw k yxkdj dke pykrs gSa] mUgsa ckgjh nqfu;k dk dqN Hkh Kku ugha gSA LorU=rk ds 73 o"kZ ckn Hkh ge fuj{kjrk ds dyad dks nwj ugha dj ldsA c<+rh gqbZ tula[;k] yksxksa esa f'k{kk ds izfr #fp dk vHkko rFkk 'kSf{kd lqfo/kkvksa dh vuqiyC/rk ds dkj.k ns'k esa fuj{kjrk ds izfr'kr esa cgqr deh ugha vk;h gSA ns'k esa vusd O;fDr dbZ dkj.kksa ls f'k{kk ugha izkIr dj ikrs gSaA vf'kf{kr ,oa v/kZf'kf{kr O;fDr;ksa dh f'k{kk dks iw.kZ djus ds fy, izkS<+ f'k{kk ,d lk/ku gSA blds }kjk vf'kf{kr O;fDr;ksa dks lk{kj cuk;k tk ldrk gS rFkk lekt ds lQy lnL; ds :i esa mUgsa jgus ;ksX; cuk;k tk ldrk gSA vf'k{kk ekufld nklrk gS vkSj ;fn gesa bl ekufld nklrk ls NqVdkjk fey tk; rks gekjh vkfFkZd nklrk Hkh lekIr gks tk;sxh vkSj ge rHkh okLro esa LorU= gks ldsx a ]s ftldh vk'kk esa geus LorU=rk laxzke yM+k vkSj vUr esa 1947 esa lQyrk izkIr dhA izkS<+ f'k{kk ,oa izkS<+ lk{kjrk ds vHkko esa vkfFkZd ,oa lkekftd izxfr dh ml lhek ,oa xfr dks izkIr djuk vlEHko gS] ftldh gesa vko';drk gS vkSj u gekjs vkfFkZd ,oa lkekftd fodkl ds og rÙo] xq.kkRed vFkok 'kfDr fey ldrh gS] tks ewY; vkSj fgrdkfjrk dh n`f"V ls mls lkFkZd cuk;saA vr% vkfFkZd ,oa lkekftd fodkl ds izR;sd dk;ZØe esa izkS<+ f'k{kk vkSj izkS<+ lk{kjrk ds dk;ZØeksa dks lokZsPp LFkku xzg.k djuk pkfg,A izkS<+ f'k{kk gekjs fy, thou&ej.k dk iz'u gSA bl jk"Vª dks thfor j[kus ds fy, izkS<+ f'k{kk] lekt f'k{kk vkSj vuojr f'k{kk ij fo'ks"k /;ku nsuk gksxk] rHkh ge vius yksdra= dks lqjf{kr j[k ldsx a s vkSj oSKkfud ,oa izks|ksfxd izfrLi)kZ ds ;qx esa viuk HkkSfrd fodkl dj ldsaxsA fuj{kjrk lkekftd dyad gSA fuj{kjrk O;fDr ,oa lekt ds fodkl esa ck/kd gksrh gSA izkS<+ f'k{kk lu~ 1949 esa u;k uke lekt f'k{kk iznku fd;k x;kA ;wusLdks lsehukj vkWu :jy ,twds'ku dk mn~?kkVu djrs gq, rRdkyhu f'k{kk ea=h ekSykuk vcqy dyke vktkn us dgk Fkk fd lekt f'k{kk iw.kZ ekuo dh f'k{kk gSA ;g mls lk{kj djsxh] ftlls mls lalkj dk Kku gksxkA izkS<+ f'k{kk dh ladYiuk ;g gS fd izkS<+ turk dks ,slh f'k{kk nh tk,] ftlls og viuk thou csgrj cuk lds] izxfr'khy lekt dh LFkkiuk dj ldsAa vius dks ijEijkxr #f<+;ksa ls cpk ldsa vkSj ,d Copyright © 2021, Scholarly Research Journal for Humanity Science & English Language
MkW0 c`ts'k dqekj ik.Ms;
11129
(Pg. 11127-11131)
mTToy Hkfo"; dh dYiuk dj ldsAa orZeku esa izkS<+ f'k{kk dks lEiw.kZ fo'o esa egÙo fn;k tk jgk gSA izkS<+ f'k{kk ds }kjk turk dks muds vf/kdkjksa ,oa drZO;ksa dh leqfpr tkudkjh nh tkrh gSA orZeku esa turk dks dsoy vius vf/kdkjksa dk /;ku gS] drZO;ksa dk /;ku fcYdqy ugha gSA vk;s fnu /kjuk] izn'kZu] gM+rky] rksM+QksM+ ,oa rkyk cUnh vkfn dkj.kksa ls gS] tks yksdrU= dks foQy cukus esa layXu gSaA vkt dk okrkoj.k bruk vf/kd nwf"kr gks pqdk gS fd ;fn ;gh fLFkfr cjdjkj jgh rks ns'k esa yksdrU= dk fodYi <w<a uk iM+x s kA izkS<+ f'k{kk ds vUrxZr vui<+ izkS<+ vius dk;Z dks djrs gq, 'kkjhfjd] lkekftd] ckSf)d] vkfFkZd rFkk uSfrd fodkl djrk gS] ftlls og ,d iw.kZ euq"; cu ldsA okLro esa izkS<+ f'k{kk 'kSf{kd fodykaxksa ;k f'k{kkfoghu O;fDr;ksa ds iquokZl dk ,d lkekftd iz;kl gSA izkS<+ f'k{kk ,d cgq&mís'; izR;; gS blesa O;ogkjksa ds rhuksa i{kksa& KkukRed] HkkokRed o fØ;kRed ds fodkl ds fy, Øe'k% lk{kjrk izlkj] psruk tkx`fr o O;ogkfjd dq'kyrk esa c`f) lfEefyr gSA izkS<+ f'k{kk vkSj thou i;Zar lhk[kuk mn~?kks"k ds vUrxZr jk"Vªh; uhfr 2020 ds vUrxZr cqfu;knh lk{kjrk izkIr djuk] f'k{kk izkIr djuk vkSj thodksiktZu dk volj izR;sd ukxfjd dk ekSfyd vf/kdkj gSA lk{kjrk vkSj cqfu;knh f'k{kk fdlh O;fDr ds oS;fDrd] ukxfjd] vkfFkZd vkSj thou i;Zar f'k{kk ds voljksa dh ,d uohu nqfu;k dks [kksy nsrh gS tks O;fDr ds futh vkSj is'kojkuk] nksuksa gh Lrjksa ij c<+us esa enn djrh gSA lekt vkSj ns'k ds Lrj ij lk{kjrk vkSj cqfu;knh f'k{kk ,d ,slh 'kfDr ds :i esa dke djrk gS tks fodkl gsrq fd;s tk jgs vU; lHkh iz;klksa dh lQyrk dks dbZ xquk c<+k nsrh gSA oSf'od Lrj ij fofHkUu ns'kksa ds vk¡dM+s ;g n'kkZrs gSa fd fdlh ns'k dh lk{kj nj vkSj mldh izfr O;fDr thMhih esa mPprj lglEcU/k gksrk gSA Hkkjr ds ukxfjd ds :i esa fdlh ds ewy vf/kdkjksa vkSj ftEesnkfj;ksa ds ckjs esa irk gksus lkfgr dk;kZsa dh ljkguk djus vkSj lk{kjrk dh vko';drk tqM+s e/;e ;k mPprj mRikndrk okys {ks=ksa esa jkstxkj izkIr dj ikus esa vleFkZrk 'kkfey gSA ;gk¡ lwph c) {kerk,a mu ifj.kkeksa dh lkadsfrd lwph gS ftUgsa izkS<+ f'k{kk ds fy, uokpkjh mik;ksa ds :i esa viukdj izkIr fd;k tk ldrk gSA fo'o Hkj esa gq, O;kid 'kks/k v/;;u vkSj fo'ys"k.k Li"V rkSj ij n'kkZrs gSa fd jktuhfr] bPNk'kfDr] laxBukRed lajpuk] mfpr ;kstuk] i;kZIr foÙkh; lgk;rk vkSj LoSfPNd dk;ZdrkZvksa dk mPprj xq.koÙkkiw.kZ {kerk] lEc/kZu ds lkFk&lkFk Lo;alos k vkSj lkeqnkf;d Hkkxhnkjh vkSj ,dtqV gksuk gSA izkS<+ lk{kjrk dk;ZØeksa dh lQyrk ds izeq[k dkjd gSaA o"kZ 1988 esa tc jk"vªh; lk{krj fe'ku dh 'kq:vkr dh xbZ rks ;g eq[;r% yksxksa dh LoSfPNd Hkkxhnkjh vkSj lg;ksx ij vk/kkfjr Fkk] ftlds QyLo:i ns'k esa 1991&2011 ds n'kd ds nkSjku efgykvksa ds chp lk{krj lfgr lEiw.kZ lk{kjrk esa mYys[kuh; o`f) gqbZ vkSj rRdkyhu lkekftd eqíksa ij fopkj foe'kZ gqvkA Copyright © 2021, Scholarly Research Journal for Humanity Science & English Language
MkW0 c`ts'k dqekj ik.Ms;
11130
(Pg. 11127-11131)
jk"Vªh; f'k{kk uhfr 2020 esa izkS<+ f'k{kk ds fy, lqn`<+ ,oa uokpkjh ljdkjh igydnfe;ksa] [kkldj leqnk; dh Hkkxhnkjh dks lqxe cukuk rFkk izks|ksfxdh ds lqPkk: vkSj ykHkdkjh ,dhdj.k dks tYn&tYn ykxw fd;k tk;sxk] rkfd 100 izfr'kr lk{kjrk ds lcls egÙoiw.kZ mís'; dh izkfIr 'kh?kz gks ldsA izkS<+ f'k{kk ds ikB~;Øe dh lajpuk bl rjg dh gksxh] ftlesa cqfu;knh lk{kjrk vkSj la[;k Kku] thou dkS'ky] O;kolkf;d dkS'ky fodkl] cqfu;knh f'k{kk ,oa lrr f'k{kk 'kkfey gksA ikB~;Øe cukrs le; ;g Hkh /;ku j[kk tk;sxk fd dbZ ekeyksa esa O;Ldksa dks cPpksa ds lkFk bLrseky fd;s tkus okys rjhdksa vkSj lkexzh dh txg fHkUu izdkj dh f'k{k.k&vf/kxe i)fr;ksa vkSj lkefxz;ksa dh vko';drk gksxhA cqfu;knh <k¡pk bl izdkj lqfuf'pr fd;k tk;sxk rkfd lHkh bPNqd izkS<+ksa dks izkS<+ f'k{kk vkSj vkthou vf/kxe izkIr gks ldsA bl fn'kk esa ,d egÙoiw.kZ igy ldwy ds ?k.Vksa ds ckn vkSj lIrkgkar ij Ldwy@Ldwy ifjljksa dk mi;ksx] izkS<+ f'k{kk ikB~;Øeksa ds fy, lkoZtfud iqLrdky] LFkku tks tgk¡ rd lEHko gks] vkbZlhVh ls lqlfTtr gksx a s vkSj vU; lkeqnkf;d Hkkxhnkjh vkSj lEc/kZu xfrfof/k;ksa ds fy, Hkh fd;k tkuk gksxkA izkS<+ f'k{kk ikB~;Øe <k¡ps esa of.kZr lHkh izdkj dh izkS<+ f'k{kk ds f'k{kkfFkZ;ksa dks ikB~;Øe dh :ijs[kk iznku djus ds fy, izf'k{kdks@ a f'k{kdksa@izsjdksa dh vko';drk gksxhA ekStwnk izf'k{kdksa dks izkS<+ f'k{kk dsUnzksa esa f'k{k.k xfrfof/k;ksa dks O;ofLFkr djus vkSj usr`Ro djus ds lkFk&lkFk Lo;alos d izf'k{kdksa vkSj V~;wVlZ ds lkFk leUo; djus ds fy, jk"Vªh;] jkT; vkSj ftyk Lrjh; laLkk/ku lgk;rk laLFkkuksa }kjk izf'kf{kr fd;k tk;sxkA jkT;] lk{kjrk vkSj izkS<+ f'k{kk dh fn'kk esa iz;klksa dks izksRlkfgr djus ds fy, xSj ljdkjh laxBuksa vkSj vU; lkeqnkf;d laxBuksa ds lkFk Hkh dke djsx a As leqnk; ds lnL; izkS<+ f'k{kk dk;ZØe esa Hkkx ys]a ;g lqfuf'pr djus ds lHkh iz;kl fd;s tk;saxsA tks lkekftd dk;ZdrkZ leqnk;ksa esa tks xSj ukekafdr ,oa Ldwy NksM+ nsus okys Nk=ksa dk irk yxkrs gSa vkSj mudh lgHkkfxrk dks lqfuf'pr djrs gSaA leqnk; ,oa f'k{k.k laLFkkuksa esa i<+us dh vknr fodflr djus ds fy, iqLrdksa rd igq¡p vkSj miyC/krk csgrj djuk vko';d gSA ;g uhfr vuq'kalk djrh gS fd lHkh leqnk; ,oa f'k{k.k laLFkku fo|ky;] egkfo|ky; vkSj fo'ofo|ky; ,slh iqLrdksa dh leqfpr vkiwfrZ lqfuf'pr djsx a s tks fd lHkh f'k{kkfFkZ;ksa] ftlesa fu'Drtu ,oa fo'ks"k vko';drk okys f'k{kkFkhZ Hkh 'kkfey gSa] dh vko';drkvksa vkSj #fp;ksa dks iwjk djrs gSaA dsUnz ,oa jkT; ljdkjsa Hkh lqfuf'pr djsx a h fd iwjs ns'k esa lHkh dh ftl lkekftd vkfFkZd :i ls oafpr yksxksa ds lkFk&lkFk vkSj nwjnjkt ds {ks=ksa esa jgus okys Hkh 'kkfey gSa] iqLrdksa rd igq¡p gks o iqLrdksa dk ewY; lHkh ds [kjhn ldus dh lkeF;Z ds vUnj gksA lkoZtfud ,oa futh nksuksa izdkj dh ,tsfUl;k¡@laLFkku iqLrdksa dh xq.koÙkk ,oa vkd"kZ.k csgrj cukus dh j.kuhfr cukus ij dke djsxhA iqLrdksa dh vkuykbu miyC/krk csgrj cukus ,oa fMftVy iqLrdky; dks vf/kd O;kid cukus gsrq dne mBk;s tk;sx a As leqnk;ksa ,oa f'k{k.k laLFkkuksa esa thoUr iqLrdky;ksa dks cukus ,oa Copyright © 2021, Scholarly Research Journal for Humanity Science & English Language
MkW0 c`ts'k dqekj ik.Ms;
11131
(Pg. 11127-11131)
mudk lQy lapkyu lqfuf'pr djus ds fy, ;Fkksfpr la[;k esa iqLrdky; LVkQ dh miyC/krk gks ,oa muds O;kolkf;d fodkl ds fy, mfpr dSfj;j ekxZ cukus ,oa dSfj;j izcU/ku fMtkbu djus dh vko';drk gSA fo|ky;ksa ds iqLrdky;ksa dks le`) djuk] oafpr {ks=ksa esa xzkeh.k iqLrdky;ksa ,oa iBu d{kksa dh LFkkiuk djuk] Hkkjrh; Hkk"kkvksa esa iBu lkexzh miyC/k djkuk] cky&iqLrdky; ,oa py iqLrdky; [kksyuk] iwjs Hkkjr esa vkSj fo"k;ksa ij lkekftd iqLrd Dycksa dh LFkkiuk o f'k{k.k laLFkkuksa vkSj iqLrdky;ksa esa vkilh lg;ksx c<+kukA ØkmMlksflZax vkSj izfr;ksfxrkvksa ds ek/;e ls izkS<+ f'k{kk ds fy, xq.koÙkk iw.kZ izkS|ksfxdh&vk/kkfjr Vh0oh0 pSuys] vkuykbu fdrkcsa vkSj vkbZlhVh ls lqlfTtr iqLrdky; vkSj izkS<+ f'k{kk dsUnz vkfn fodflr fd;s tk;saxsA dbZ ekeyksa esa xq.koÙkkiw.kZ izkS<+ f'k{kk dk lapkyu vkuykbu ;k fefJr eksM esa fodflr fd;k tk;sxkA jk"Vªh; f'k{kk uhfr 2020 ls Li"V gksrk gS fd blesa iwoZ ds lHkh vk;ksxksa dh vuq'kalkvksa vkSj vuqHkoksa dks /;ku esa j[kdj rFkk voyksdu] loZs{k.k vkSj lq>koksa dks lesfdr djus dk iz;kl fd;k x;k gSA blesa mu lHkh fcUnqvksa dks Hkh lfEefyr fd;k x;k gS tks blds HkkSfrd vkSj Hkkjrh; n`f "V ls vf/kd mi;ksxh cukrs gSaA xka/kh th us flrEcj] 1945 esa ubZ izkS<+ f'k{kk lfefr esa dgk Fkk fd thou ds fy, f'k{kk dk vFkZ thou dky ds fy, f'k{kk ls ugha gS] vfirq izkS<+ f'k{kk ,d rjg ls thus dh dyk dh f'k{kk gS tks ekuo dks thus dh dyk lh[k ysrk gS] og iw.kZ ekuo cu tkrk gSA bl n`f"V dks lkeus j[kdj ubZ rkyhe dk vkn'kZ rqEgkjs dke dks izsj.kk nsxkA iwjs izkS<+ f'k{kk lEcU/kh izLrko esa xka/kh th ds izkS<+ f'k{kk ds vkn'kZ dk fnXn'kZu gks tkrk gSA xka/kh th us dgk Fkk ;fn f'k{kk gesa jk"Vª dk lsod ugha cuk ldrh rks eSa bldh mi;ksfxrk dks ugha eku ldrkA turk dks fodkl dk volj pkfg,A yksdra= dh eq[; 'kfDr yksd f'k{k.k esa gSA laxfBr gksdj lekt ifjorZu dk ek/;e curk gSA izkS<+ ,oa lrr f'k{kk ds ek/;e ls yksd'kfDr dk O;kid izf'k{k.k lEHko gks ldrk gS vkSj jk"Vª rFkk lekt fuekZ.k esa ;g ehy dk iRFkj lkfcr gks ldsxkA lanHkZ jko] oh0ds0vkj0oh0] ,twds'ku ,.M fjlkZsl Msoyies.V] ,ykbM ifCyds'ku] ubZ fnYyh frokjh] /keZozr] izkS<+ f'k{kk dk;ZØe dh izxfr vkSj leL;kvksa dk v/;;u] yhyk izdk'ku] fnYyhA Bkdqj] th0ds0 ,oa vU;] jk"Vªh; f'k{kk uhfr 2020 % ,d flagkoyksdu] egkRek xka/kh vUrjkZ"Vªh; fgUnh fo'ofo|ky;] o/kkZA jk"Vªh; f'k{kk uhfr] 2020 % elkSnk] ekuo lalk/ku fodkl ea=ky;] Hkkjr ljdkj] ubZ fnYyhA ts0lh0 vxzoky] Hkkjr esa izkS<+ f'k{kk] fo|k fogkj] ubZ fnYyhA ,p0lh0 tSu] izkS<+ f'k{kk ds vk;ke % Hkkjrh; ifjizs{; esa] ubZ fnYyhA ulhe vgen] Hkkjr esa lrr~ f'k{kk] xzUFk vdkneh] ubZ fnYyhA cktis;h] ,y0ch0] Hkkjrh; f'k{kk dk fodkl ,oa lkekftd izo`fÙk;k¡] vkyksd izdk'ku] y[kuÅA xqIrk] ,l0ih0] Hkkjrh; f'k{kk dk bfrgkl] fodkl ,oa leL;k;s]a 'kkjnk iqLrd Hkou] bykgkcknA ik.Ms;] jkeldy] mn;heku lekt esa f'k{kk] vxzoky izdk'ku] vxzoky ifCyds'ku] vkxjkA Copyright © 2021, Scholarly Research Journal for Humanity Science & English Language