The Carpathian Boar and the Anatolian Boar in the Fertile Crescent

‫بسم هللا الرحمن الرحيم‬

ISSN 0178-6288 https://issuu.com/dr-normanalibassamkhalaf/docs

================================ ‫ النشرة الفلسطينية لعلم األحياء‬: ‫الغزال‬ Gazelle : The Palestinian Biological Bulletin Gazelle : Das Palästinensische Biologische Bulletin

================================ Monthly Bulletin – Volume 38 – Number 192 - December 2020 Published by Prof. Dr. Norman Ali Khalaf Department for Environmental Research and Media, National Research Center, University of Palestine, Gaza, State of Palestine

================================

Gazelle : The Palestinian Biological Bulletin – Number 192 – December 2020

‫الخنزير البري الكارباتي و األناضولي في منطقة الهالل الخصيب‬ The Carpathian Boar (Sus scrofa attila Thomas, 1912) and the Anatolian Boar (Sus scrofa libycus Gray, 1868) in the Fertile Crescent By: Prof. Dr. Norman Ali Bassam Ali Taher Mohammad Ahmad Ahmad Mostafa Abdallah Mohammad Khalaf-Prinz Sakerfalke von Jaffa Reference: Khalaf-Prinz Sakerfalke von Jaffa, Sharif Prof. Dr. Sc. Norman Ali Bassam Ali Taher Mohammad Ahmad Ahmad Mostafa Abdallah Mohammad (December 2020). ‫ ز ز‬. The Carpathian Boar (Sus scrofa attila ‫األناضول ز يف منطقة الهالل الخصيب‬ ‫الكاربات و‬ ‫الني‬ ‫الخنير ر‬ ‫ي‬ ‫ي‬ Thomas, 1912) and the Anatolian Boar (Sus scrofa libycus Gray, 1868) in the Fertile Crescent. Gazelle: The Palestinian Biological Bulletin. ISSN 0178 – 6288. Volume 38, Number 192, December 2020, pp. 1-29. Published by Prof. Dr. Norman Ali Khalaf Department for Environmental Research and Media, National Research Center, University of Palestine, Gaza, State of Palestine. https://issuu.com/dr-norman-alikhalaf/docs/wild_boar_in_fertile_crescent

Wild Boar in Palestine. Photo by Abdullah Amara. August 2017. https://www.facebook.com/photo.php?fbid=1866849666966871&set=a.1866849520300219&typ e=3&theater

Gazelle : The Palestinian Biological Bulletin – Number 192 – December 2020

Wild Boar in Palestine. Photo by Abdullah Amara. August 2017. https://www.facebook.com/photo.php?fbid=1866849686966869&set=a.1866849520300219&typ e=3&theater

Wild Boar in Palestine. Photo by Abdullah Amara. August 2017. https://www.facebook.com/photo.php?fbid=1866849726966865&set=a.1866849520300219&typ e=3&theater

Gazelle : The Palestinian Biological Bulletin – Number 192 – December 2020

Wild Boar at night in Marj Ibn Amer (Jerzeel Valley), Palestine. Photo by Abdullah Amara.

September 2017. https://www.facebook.com/photo.php?fbid=1883862305265607&set=a.1866849520300219&typ e=3&theater

Wild Boar in Palestine. Photo by Jonathan David. January 2017. https://www.facebook.com/photo.php?fbid=222741138186230&set=pcb.222740091519668&typ e=3&theater Gazelle : The Palestinian Biological Bulletin – Number 192 – December 2020

Wild Boar in Palestine. Photo by Jonathan David. January 2017. https://www.facebook.com/photo.php?fbid=222741134852897&set=pcb.222740091519668&typ e=3&theater

Wild Boar in Palestine. Photo by Jonathan David. January 2017. https://www.facebook.com/photo.php?fbid=222741174852893&set=pcb.222740091519668&typ e=3&theater Gazelle : The Palestinian Biological Bulletin – Number 192 – December 2020

References and Internet Websites: Amara, Abdullah (August 2017). Wild Boar ‫ خنزير بري‬. Facebook Photo Album. https://www.facebook.com/Abdullah20997/media_set?set=a.1866849520300219&type =3 David, Jonathan (January 2017). Palestine Mountain Gazelle, Red Fox, Wild Boar.

Facebook Photos. https://www.facebook.com/photo.php?fbid=222741138186230&set=pcb.222740091519 668&type=3&theater Khalaf, Norman Ali Bassam (1980). Tabie’t Al-Talawon fi Al-Haywanat ‫طبيعة التلون في‬ ‫( الحيوانات‬The Colouration of Animals). Al-Biology Bulletin. Number 1. January 1980, Safar 1401. Biological Society, Kuwait University, State of Kuwait. pp. 4-5. (in Arabic). https://m.facebook.com/dr.norman.ali.khalaf/albums/10157257433464831/ & In: Mammalia Arabica Book (pp. 475-476): https://drive.google.com/file/d/1mjzf_I_b8wTX_BHd1RsuU4ykh-JlIKW2/view Khalaf, Norman Ali Bassam (1983). The Honey Badger (Mellivora capensis) in the Arabian Peninsula. Gazelle: The Palestinian Biological Bulletin. First Year. Number 2.

August 1983. pp. 1-30. Hanweiler, Saarland, Federal Republic of Germany. (in Arabic).

Khalaf, Norman Ali Bassam (1983). The Brown Bear in Palestine and the rest of the Arabian Peninsula. Gazelle: The Palestinian Biological Bulletin. First Year. Number 3.

November 1983. pp. 1-6. Al Salimiah, State of Kuwait. (in Arabic).

Khalaf, Norman-Ali Bassam (April 1987). A Trip to Kuwait Zoo, State of Kuwait. ‫رحلة إلى‬ ‫ حديقة حيوانات الكويت في دولة الكويت‬. Gazelle: The Palestinian Biological Bulletin. ISSN 01786288. Fifth Year, Number 13, Ramadan 1407 AH, April 1987 AD, pp. 1-5. (In Arabic) Richingen-Hanweiler, Germany.

Khalaf-von Jaffa, Norman Ali Bassam Ali Taher (December 1990). The Wolf (Canis lupus) in Palestine. Gazelle: The Palestinian Biological Bulletin. ISSN 0178-6288. Eighth Year, Number 20, December 1990, Jumada Al Thani 1411 AH, pp. 1-11. RilchingenHanweiler and Bonn-Bad Godesberg, Federal Republic of Germany. https://issuu.com/drnormanalibassamkhalaf/docs/the_wolf_canis_lupus_in_palestine._ Khalaf-von Jaffa, Norman Ali Bassam (1991). The Gulf War and its effect on the Arabian Ecosystem (Part One). Gazelle: The Palestinian Biological Bulletin. Bonn-Bad Godesberg, Federal Republic of Germany. Number 23, Ninth Year, July 1991. pp. 1-12.

Khalaf-von Jaffa, Norman Ali Bassam (1991). The Gulf War and its effect on the Arabian Ecosystem (Part Two). Gazelle: The Palestinian Biological Bulletin. Bonn-Bad Godesberg, Federal Republic of Germany. Number 24, Ninth Year, August 1991. pp. 110.

Khalaf-von Jaffa, Norman Ali Bassam (1991). The Gulf War and its effect on the Arabian Ecosystem (Part Three). Gazelle: The Palestinian Biological Bulletin. Bonn-Bad Godesberg, Federal Republic of Germany. Number 25, Ninth Year, September 1991. pp.

1-7.

Khalaf, Norman Ali Bassam (1992). Notes on the Biological Ecology of the Marshes in Gazelle : The Palestinian Biological Bulletin – Number 192 – December 2020

Southern Iraq. Gazelle: The Palestinian Biological Bulletin. Bonn-Bad Godesberg, Federal Republic of Germany. Number 29, Tenth Year, September 1992. pp. 1-9. (in Arabic).

Khalaf, Norman Ali Bassam (1992). The United Nations Ecological Report confirms: The Regime of Saddam is destroying the Marshes (Al-Ahwar) Ecosystem. Sawt Al-Kuwait International Newspaper. Saturday 17 October 1992, 21 Rabi’e Al-Thani 1412. pp. 15. (in Arabic).

Khalaf-von Jaffa, Norman Ali Bassam (1994). An Introduction to the Animal Life in Palestine. Shqae’q Al-Nouma’n (Anemone coronaria). A Quarterly Magazine Issued by the Program EAI (Education for Awareness and for Involvement). Environmental Education / Children for Nature Protection. In Cooperation with Dept. of General and Higher Education. P.L.O., Palestine. Number 4. Huzairan (June) 1994. Pp. 16-21. (In Arabic).

Khalaf, Norman Ali Bassam (2001). The Extinct and Endangered Animals in Palestine.

In: Gazelle: The Palestinian Biological Bulletin Home Page. Extinct and Endangered Animals and Reintroduction. http://gazelle.8m.net/photo3.html Khalaf-von Jaffa, Norman Ali (2004). Gazelle: Das Palästinensische Biologische Bulletin.

Eine Wissenschaftliche Reise in Palästina, Arabien und Europa zwischen 1983 – 2004 / Gazelle: The Palestinian Biological Bulletin. A Scientific Journey in Palestine, Arabia and Europe between 1983 – 2004. ISBN 3-00-014121-9. Erste Auflage, Juli 2004: 452 Seiten. Zweite erweiterte Auflage, August 2004: 460 Seiten. Norman Ali Khalaf, BonnBad Godesberg, Germany. http://dr-norman-ali-khalaf-books.webs.com/& eBook: https://www.yumpu.com/en/document/view/59405994/book-gazelle-thepalestinian-biological-bulletin-a-scientific-journey-in-palestine-arabia-and-europebetween-1983-2004-by-norman-ali-khalaf-von-jaffa-2004 Khalaf-von Jaffa, Norman Ali (2004). A Trip to Kuwait Zoo, State of Kuwait. ‫رحلة إلى حديقة‬ ‫ حيوانات الكويت في دولة الكويت‬. In: Gazelle: Das Palästinensische Biologische Bulletin. Eine Wissenschaftliche Reise in Palästina, Arabien und Europa zwischen 1983 – 2004 / Gazelle: The Palestinian Biological Bulletin. A Scientific Journey in Palestine, Arabia and Europe between 1983 – 2004. ISBN 3-00-014121-9. Erste Auflage, Juli 2004. pp. 349344.

Khalaf-von Jaffa, Norman Ali (September 2005). The Mammals in Dubai Zoo, Dubai City, United Arab Emirates. ‫ دولة اإلمارات العربية ال ُمتحدة‬، ‫ مدينة دُبي‬، ‫ الثدييات في حديقة حيوانات دُبي‬.

Gazelle: The Palestinian Biological Bulletin. ISSN 0178-6288. Twenty-third Year, Number 45, Sha’ban 1426 AH, September 2005 AD, pp. 1-14. (In Arabic). Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.

Khalaf-von Jaffa, Norman Ali (2005). The Rafah Zoo in the Rafah Refugee Camp, Gaza Strip, Palestine : A Story of Destruction by the Israeli Occupation Army. Gazelle: The Palestinian Biological Bulletin. Number 46, Twenty-third Year, October 2005, Ramadan 1426. Pp. 1-11. Sharjah, United Arab Emirates. (In Arabic).

Khalaf-von Jaffa, Norman Ali Bassam (2005). The Qalqilia Zoo and the Natural History Museum in the City of Qalqilia, West Bank, Occupied Palestine. Gazelle: The Palestinian Biological Bulletin. Number 47, Twenty-third Year, November 2005, Shawal Gazelle : The Palestinian Biological Bulletin – Number 192 – December 2020

1426. Pp. 1-10. Sharjah, United Arab Emirates. (In Arabic).

Khalaf-von Jaffa, Norman Ali Bassam (Member of PALESTA) (2005). Palestinian Scientists and Technologists Abroad (PALESTA). Gazelle: The Palestinian Biological Bulletin. Number 47, Twenty-third Year, November 2005, Shawal 1426. Pp. 11-12.

Sharjah, United Arab Emirates. (in Arabic).

Khalaf, Norman Ali (2005, 2006, 2007). Chapter 3: Geography, Flora and Fauna. Pages 32-39. In: Palestine: A Guide. By Mariam Shahin, Photography by George Azar. CoAuthor: Norman Ali Khalaf. Northampton, Massachusetts: Interlink Publishing Group, 2005, 2006, 2007. Xi + 471 pages. Appendices to page 500. http://ipsnewsite.mysite4now.com/journals.aspx?id=7323&jid=1&href=fulltext Khalaf-von Jaffa, Norman Ali Bassam Ali Taher (2006). Mammalia Palaestina: The Mammals of Palestine / Die Säugetiere Palästinas. Gazelle: The Palestinian Biological Bulletin. Number 55, Twenty-fourth Year, July 2006, Jumada Al-Thania 1427. Pp. 1-46.

Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.

Khalaf-von Jaffa, Norman Ali (2006). Mammalia Arabica. Eine Zoologische Reise in Palästina, Arabien und Europa zwischen 1980-2006 / Mammalia Arabica. A Zoological Journey in Palestine, Arabia and Europe between 1980-2006. ISBN 3-00-017294-7. Erste Auflage (First Edition), Juli 2006, 484 pp. Norman Ali Khalaf, Rilchingen-Hanweiler, Deutschland & Sharjah, United Arab Emirates. http://dr-norman-ali-khalafbooks.webs.com/mammaliaarabica.htm & eBook (Google Drive): https://drive.google.com/file/d/1mjzf_I_b8wTX_BHd1RsuU4ykhJlIKW2/view?usp=sharing Khalaf-Sakerfalke von Jaffa, Norman Ali Bassam Ali Taher (2007). Haywanat Filistin (Fauna of Palestine). Wikipedia, Al-Mawsu’a Al-Hurra (The Free Encyclopedia).

Gazelle: The Palestinian Biological Bulletin. Number 69, Twenty-fifth Year, September 2007 CE, Sha’ban 1428 AH. Pp. 1-4. (in Arabic). http://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AD%D9%8A%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%A7 %D8%AA_%D9%81%D9%84%D8%B3%D8%B7%D9%8A%D9%86 Sharif Prof. Dr. Norman Ali Bassam Ali Taher Mohammad Ahmad Ahmad Mostafa Abdallah Mohammad Khalaf-Prinz Sakerfalke von Jaffa: The Scientific References (1980-2009). https://dr-norman-ali-khalaf-references.webs.com/ Khalaf-Sakerfalke von Jaffa, Dr. Sc. Norman Ali Bassam Ali Taher (2009). Flora and Fauna in Palestine. Gazelle: The Palestinian Biological Bulletin. ISSN 0178 – 6288.

Number 91, July 2009, Rajab 1430 AH. Pp. 1-31. Sharjah, United Arab Emirates. http://flora-fauna-palestine.webs.com/ Khalaf-von Jaffa, Dr. Norman Ali Bassam (2009). Fauna Palaestina – Part One. A Zoological Journey in Palestine, Arabia and Europe between 1983 – 2006 / Fauna Palaestina – Teil Eins. Eine Zoologische Reise in Palästina, Arabien und Europa zwischen 1983 – 2006. ISBN 978-9948-03-865-8. Erste Auflage/First Edition, September 2009: 412 Seiten/Pages. Self Publisher: Dr. Norman Ali Bassam Khalaf-von Jaffa, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates & Rilchingen-Hanweiler, Bundesrepublik Deutschland. http://dr-norman-ali-khalaf-books.webs.com/faunapalaestinapart1.htm & eBook: https://www.yumpu.com/xx/document/view/59498633/fauna-palaestina-1-bookGazelle : The Palestinian Biological Bulletin – Number 192 – December 2020

by-dr-norman-ali-khalaf-2009 Khalaf-von Jaffa, Dr. Sc. Norman Ali Bassam Ali Taher (2010). Fauna Emiratus – Part One. Zoological Studies in the United Arab Emirates between 2004 – 2009. / Fauna Emiratus – Teil Eins. Zoologische Studien in die Vereinigten Arabischen Emirate zwischen 2004 – 2009. ISBN 978-9948-15-462-4. Erste Auflage/First Edition, November 2010: 350 Seiten / Pages. Self Publisher: Dr. Norman Ali Bassam Khalaf-von Jaffa, Dubai and Sharjah, United Arab Emirates & Rilchingen-Hanweiler, Bundesrepublik Deutschland. http://dr-norman-ali-khalaf-books.webs.com/faunaemiratuspart1.htm & eBook: https://www.yumpu.com/xx/document/view/59546804/fauna-emiratus-part-1zoological-studies-in-the-united-arab-emirates-between-2004-2009-by-dr-norman-alibassam-khalaf-von-jaffa-2010 Khalaf-von Jaffa, Dr. Norman Ali Bassam (2012). Fauna Palaestina – Part Two. Zoological Studies in Palestine between 1983 – 2009 / Fauna Palaestina – Teil Zwei.

Zoologische Studien in Palästina zwischen 1983 – 2009. ISBN 978-9948-16-667-2.

1. Auflage / First Edition : July 2012, Shaaban 1433 H. 208 Seiten / Pages (Arabic Part 120 Pages and the English Part 88 Pages). Publisher: Dar Al Jundi Publishing House, Jerusalem, Palestine. http://dr-norman-ali-khalafbooks.webs.com/faunapalaestinapart2.htm & eBook: https://www.yumpu.com/en/document/view/59602956/fauna-palaestina-part-2book-by-dr-norman-ali-khalaf-von-jaffa-2012 Khalaf-von Jaffa, Dr. Norman Ali Bassam (2013). Fauna Palaestina – Part Three.

Zoological Studies in Palestine between 2005 – 2012 / Fauna Palaestina – Teil Drei.

Zoologische Studien in Palästina zwischen 2005 – 2012. ISBN 978-9950-383-35-7. Erste Auflage / First Edition : July 2013, Shaaban 1434 H. 364 pages (English Part 350 Pages and the Arabic Part 14 Pages). Publisher: Dar Al Jundi Publishing House, Jerusalem, State of Palestine. http://dr-norman-ali-khalafbooks.webs.com/faunapalaestinapart3.htm & eBook: https://www.yumpu.com/en/document/view/62740914/fauna-palaestina-part-3year-2013-by-dr-norman-ali-bassam-khalaf-von-jaffa-isbn-978-9950-383-35-7 Khalaf, Prof. Dr. Norman Ali Khalaf (10.07.2013). Wild Hog at Negev Zoo Beer Sheva.

YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XqSVc4VmSnk Khalaf-von Jaffa, Prof. Dr. Norman Ali Bassam (2014). Fauna Palaestina – Part Four.

Zoological Studies in Palestine between 1983 – 2014/ Fauna Palaestina – Teil Vier.

Zoologische Studien in Palästina zwischen 1983 – 2014. ISBN978-9950-383-77-7. Erste Auflage / First Edition : July 2014, Ramadan 1435 H. pp. 456 (English part 378 pages and Arabic part 78 pages). Publisher: Dar Al Jundi Publishing House, Al-Quds (Jerusalem), State of Palestine. http://fauna-palaestina-part1.webs.com/faunapalaestina4.htm & eBook: https://www.yumpu.com/fr/document/view/62741122/book-fauna-palaestina-4year-2014-by-prof-dr-norman-ali-bassam-khalaf-von-jaffa-isbn-978-9950-383-77-7 Khalaf-Sakerfalke von Jaffa, Prof. Dr. Norman Ali Bassam Ali Taher (2015). Plants and Animals unique to Palestine. Gazelle: The Palestinian Biological Bulletin. ISSN 0178 – Gazelle : The Palestinian Biological Bulletin – Number 192 – December 2020

6288. Number 125, May 2015. Pp. 1-18. Dubai and Sharjah, United Arab Emirates. http://flora-fauna-palestine-2.webs.com/ Khalaf-von Jaffa, Prof. Dr. Norman Ali Bassam (2015). Fauna Palaestina – Part Five.

Zoological Studies in Palestine between 1983 – 2016/ Fauna Palaestina – Teil Fünf.

Zoologische Studien in Palästina zwischen 1983 – 2016. ISBN 978-9950-383-92-0. Erste Auflage / First Edition : July 2015, Ramadan 1436 H. 448 pp. (English Part 304 Pages and the Arabic Part 144 Pages). Publisher: Dar Al Jundi Publishing House, Al-Quds (Jerusalem), State of Palestine. http://fauna-palaestina-books.webs.com/ & eBook (Google Drive): https://drive.google.com/file/d/1C9Vo6oBn4AAYB7XnpeIGgEXgOBZFzar6/view?us p=sharing Khalaf-Sakerfalke von Jaffa, Prof. Dr. Sc. Norman Ali Bassam Ali Taher (December 2016). Haywanat Falastin (Fauna of Palestine) ‫ حيوانات فلسطين‬. Gazelle: The Palestinian Biological Bulletin. ISSN 0178 – 6288. Number 144, December 2016, pp. 1-18. Dubai and Sharjah, United Arab Emirates (In Arabic). http://animals-of-palestine2.webs.com/fauna-of-palestine-arabic Khalaf, Sharif Prof. Dr. Sc. Norman Ali Bassam Ali Taher Mohammad Ahmad Ahmad Mostafa Abdallah Mohammad (Abu Nora) (2018). The Family of Sharif Hajji Taher Mohammad Ahmad Ahmad Mostafa Khalaf (Abu Othman). A Pictorial History Book of a Palestinian Family from Jaffa in the Twentieth Century. ISBN 978-9950-974-40-1. First Edition, October 2018, Safar 1440 Hijri. 120 pp. In Arabic. Publisher: Prof. Dr. Norman Khalaf Department for Environmental Research and media, National Research Center, University of Palestine, Gaza, State of Palestine. https://family-taherkhalaf.webs.com/ & eBook: https://www.yumpu.com/xx/document/view/62242473/book-family-taher-khalaf2018

Gazelle : The Palestinian Biological Bulletin – Number 192 – December 2020

Khalaf-Prinz Sakerfalke von Jaffa, Sharif Prof. Dr. Sc. Norman Ali Bassam Ali Taher ‫زز‬ Mohammad Ahmad Ahmad Mostafa Abdallah Mohammad (December 2020). ‫الني‬ ‫الخنير ر‬ ‫ز‬ ‫األناضول يف منطقة الهالل الخصيب‬ ‫الكاربات و‬.

The Carpathian Boar (Sus scrofa attila Thomas, 1912) ‫ي‬ ‫ي‬ and the Anatolian Boar (Sus scrofa libycus Gray, 1868) in the Fertile Crescent. Gazelle: The Palestinian Biological Bulletin. ISSN 0178 – 6288. Volume 38, Number 192, December 2020, pp. 1-29. Published by Prof. Dr. Norman Ali Khalaf Department for Environmental Research and Media, National Research Center, University of Palestine, Gaza, State of Palestine. https://issuu.com/dr-norman-alikhalaf/docs/wild_boar_in_fertile_crescent Wikipedia. Anatolian Boar. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anatolian_boar Wikipedia. Carpathian Boar. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carpathian_boar Wikipedia. List of Mammals of the Palestinian Territories. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_mammals_of_the_Palestinian_territories Wikipedia. Wild Boar. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wild_boar Wikipedia. https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/‫خنزير_بري‬ Wikipedia. https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/‫قائمة_ثدييات_الشام_الباقية_والمنقرضة‬

Gazelle : The Palestinian Biological Bulletin – Number 192 – December 2020