Architecture Portfolio | Dorian Sosa

ARCHI TEC TURE PORT FOLIO DORIAN SOSA

Dorian Sosa | 224. 374. 3322 | dorian.alfredo.sosa@gmail.com

CONTENTS THE WASTE SCR AP ER A Closed-loop Solution to Electronic Waste Theoretical | Head Designer | 2016 - 2017 STRUCTURED SYMBIOSIS

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Uniting Mumbai’s Past & Future Theoretical | Head Designer | 2018 THE GRE AT TR INITY W ETLA ND S Connecting Dallas with its Underutilized Body of Water Theoretical | Head Designer | 2019 - 2020

p 31

BULGAR IA OUTPATIENT REHA BILITATION CENTE R Bulgaria’s First Specialty Rehabilitation Hospital

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Built | Head Designer | 2019 - 2020 RE-IMA GINING BE NEFIE LD

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Promoting Underserved Black Youth in a Historic Neighborhood Theoretical | Junior Designer | 2019 - 2020 RUBIK’S SQUAR E A Transitional Housing Community for Families in Need Theoretical | Head Designer | 2016

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OB4 | RE STON P ROME NAD E Not Your Typical Glass Box Structure Under Construction | Building Envelope Exploration | 2019

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OB5 + R B5 | RESTON P ROMENAD E Not an Office Building, A Second Home Unbuilt | Space Programming | 2019

p 109

YMCA | A RLINGTON

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A Fitness Hub for the New Residential Development Unbuilt | Landscape Designer | 2018

DOR IA N S OS A | A RC HI TE CTURE PO RTF OLIO

THE WASTESCRAPER Sector: COMMUNITY Site: ACCRA, GHANA Year: 2016 - 2017 The Wastescraper, built atop the world’s largest electronic waste landfill, acts as a recycling center, housing community, and filtration plant. It questions conventional notions of waste and resource, transforming what is considered waste into the basis for a new system of architecture, altering and inversing the one-way stream of resource of product to waste.

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GROUND PERSPECTIVE - INITIAL PHASE OF TOWER 6

DOR IA N S OS A | A RC HI T ECTURE P ORTF OLIO

MARKET PLACE

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Agbogbloshie scrapyard in Accra, Ghana, is the setting of the largest e-waste landfill in the world. However, with the town’s entire economy centered around this informal industry of scavenging e-waste, the solution is hardly as simple as shutting the scrapyard down or imposing regulations limiting e-waste shipped to the site. Locals have established all the programs necessary for living around the landfill - the hub of their resources. These spaces include soccer fields, burning areas, mosques, marketplaces, and slum housing.

E-WASTE CONTRIBUTORS As of 2017, electronic products are the single biggest contributor to climate change.

THE TRAIL OF E-WASTE Electronic waste flows across international borders from the developed world to the developing world through illegal black market channels - straight into landfills of third-world countries like Ghana, India, and China.

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THE WASTESCRAPER

TOWER AMONG E-WASTE

MOST POLLUTED GEOGRAPHIES IN THE WORLD It is not surprising that these same geographies where waste ends up, are among the most polluted places in the world, even though they utilize the products the least per capita.

POTENTIAL ENERGY Landfill gases, such as methane (CH4) and carbon dioxide (CO2) are to be hardnessed to generate usable energy for the tower.

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CONCEPTUAL SKETCH

DOR IA N S OS A | A RC HI TE CTURE PO RTF OLIO

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THE WASTESCRAPER

The Wastescraper is designed to achieve two main goals: (1) to create a closed-loop cycle between waste and resource, and (2) to cleanse the site’s environment through the process of bioremediation and the responsible waste, resource, and energy management introduced by goal (1).

03 | WASTETOWER 1.0 The living system stands as a monument atop the scrapyard, proving a permanent and safe home to the people of Agbogbloshie.

01 | SITE Setting to the largest e-waste landfill in the world.

04 | WASTETOWER 2.0 The tower reaches its final form, harnessing bioremediation to re-introduce a greenscape.

02 | TOWER ROOTS Drill into the ground condition, absorbing landfill gases used to generate energy for the tower.

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DOR IA N S OS A | A RC HI T ECTURE P ORTF OLIO

RESOURCE DIAGRAM RAINWATER is captured and filtered to be used by residents and as a water source for vertical farms.

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PRECIOUS METALS are recovered and reappropriated as an architectural facade material. $

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of the living system is converted into electricity to be used by the housing community.

OXYGEN

released by plants is filtered to capture unwanted particles before it is redirected into the living units.

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are produced from a combination of landfill gases and fat from plants.

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ORGANIC WASTE is collected and buried in the solid waste landfill to produce landfill gases.

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THE WASTESCRAPER

TOWER SECTION

VERTICAL GROWTH The Wastescraper will grow vertically up until it reaches a capacity of 15,000 inhabitants. Phase I will be built to house the tower's first 7,500 residents. Each phase after will be conditioned to allow an influx of 750 new tenants.

SOCIAL NODES The primary social spaces, clad with precious metals, are located at different points throughout the tower. These spaces vary in scale to accommodate various communal programs essential to the tower's growth. Some of the programs housed within these vessels are after-school spaces, large shared kitchens, spaces for prayer, and sports fields.

HOUSING MODULES

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The housing units radiate around the central atrium. They are strategically located on a grid system programmed to allow for future expansion, and they are concentrated into groups for structural integrity. The living spaces are stacked and shifted to create private and shared outdoor spaces. The outdoor areas are located at the back end of the dwellings, while the front faces have open access to the vertical marketplace.

ENERGY / RESOURCE RECOVERY CENTER Waste is sorted, and valuable components such as glass, plastics, circuit boards, hard drives, batteries, and other forms of precious metals are recovered, recycled, and re-converted into energy. This energy is extracted using eco-friendly and net-zero energy recovery processes, such as biomass, Microbial Fuel Cells (MFC), and water reclamation used to power the Wastescraper.

WASTESCRAPER ROOTS The Wastescraper roots are not only the structural foundation of the tower; they are also the veins of the edifice, absorbing methane gas generated from the solid waste landfills and distributing it to be burned and produce electricity.

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DOR IA N S OS A | A RC HI TE CTURE PO RTF OLIO

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THE WASTESCRAPER

A NEW MARKETPLACE 14

DOR IA N S OS A | A RC HI T ECTURE P ORTF OLIO

GOLD DUALITY OF MEANING

GOLD MINING CYCLE Illegal Marketing | Land Pollution

Gold re-appropriated from extracted e-waste transforms into an architectural facade material, allowing the residents of Accra to take ownership of the resource that was once native and culturally inherent to their country. The facade re-captures Ghanaian symbols and figural elements keen to the Ghanaian culture.

CULTURAL SYMBOLISM AS FIGURAL OPERATIONS

BOOLEAN FORMS INTERIOR SPACE

PRECIOUS METALS Cultural Symbolism

BOOLEAN FORMS EXTERIOR ENVELOPE

ARCHITECTURAL FACADE MATERIAL 15

THE WASTESCRAPER

REAPPROPRIATING GOLD AS A FACADE MATERIAL

PLAYGROUND 16

DOR IA N S OS A | A RC HI TE CTURE PO RTF OLIO

FROM WASTE Out of a landscape that once lay waste in Agbogbloshie emerges a new architectural icon that regenerates and re-engages the ground.

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THE WASTESCRAPER

TO MONUMENT It acts as a monument to the technological tragedy of the commons, challenging our rate and need for digital and physical electronic consumption.

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DOR IA N S OS A | A RC HI T ECTURE P ORTF OLIO

To the people of Mumbai, the word Koli is synonymous with the indigenous fisher folk of the island city. The Kolis have a treasure trove of practices, folk music, and dance continuously disappearing between newer generations.

STRUCTURED SYMBIOSIS

The life of the Kolis revolves around the sea, and their entire livelihoods depend on it. A small fisher village, Worli Koliwada, Sector: COMMUNITY Site: MUMBAI, INDIA Year: 2018 stretches along the Worli coastline. Colorful makeshift homes, a web of imprinted patterns, and otis (verandahs) reserved for the weaving The project’s primary goal is to celebrate and progress the existing and repairing fishing nets distinguish the lively neighborhood. Koli culture and its historical significance through a hierarchy of open Of course, another picture is often painted of Worli Koliwada – a spaces and spatial organization. Ultimately, the Kolis and Nonjuxtaposition of it and the high-rise luxury apartment buildings towering in Kolis relationship is strengthened through design strategies that are the background. The contrast between the rich and poor is unmistakable, informed by and rooted in the community context and history. This producing a conflicting environment between the two groups. STRUCTURED SYMBIOSIS is developed through community-oriented spaces and organic layouts with areas of pause, encouraging social Structured Symbiosis aims to provide an inclusive approach to interaction. Tight-knit streets, vibrant colors, and a strategically mixed-use housing to help defy the social segregation between Worli programmed landscape create a living environment bringing the Kolis Koliwada and the more affluent neighborhood around it. and Non-Kolis together.

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DOR IA N S OS A | A RC HI T ECTURE P ORTF OLIO

04 05 03

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SITE FABRIC ANALYSIS 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 21

SOCCER FIELDS PERFORMANCE SPACE CRICKET FIELD PLAYGROUND PIER WORLI FORT FISH MARKET DWELLING AMENITY

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STRUCTURED SYMBIOSIS

01 ESTABLISHED SPINE

02 LINEAR AXES

03 DERIVED DWELLINGS & URBAN SPACE 22

DOR IA N S OS A | A RC HI T ECTURE P ORTF OLIO

EXISTING + NEW Up close, the new structure informs how the existing housing has evolved while maintaining the essential aspects of the spatial organization.

mapping koliwada

GHAT More than a boat docking area, this space will be designed to be a genuine connection to water, bringing new and exciting activities to the area, and giving outsiders more reason to visit the historic site.

COLOR Color on the building facades will create an uplifting and bright atmosphere, in alignment with the worli koliwada influence.

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MANGROVES Will bring much-needed greenery to the site while mitigating the effects of flooding and tsunamis.

STRUCTURED SYMBIOSIS

PERFORMANCE This space will allow for entertainment events and act as a platform for teaching the community about the Koli culture.

MARKET Will create opportunities for retail space and allow the Koli community to teach about and sell their product.

FERRIS WHEEL

WORLI FORT New urban development and landscaping around the fort will promote the historic site, alluding to a renewed sense of appreciation for the landmark.

CRICKET FIELD

CHILDREN’S PLAY AREA Various playgrounds throughout the site will promote activity and play, fostering friendships between the children and the community as a whole.

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DOR IA N S OS A | A RC HI T ECTURE P ORTF OLIO

VERTICAL NEIG

Layered balconies, sh of scale lend dynam this space “in-bet elements project vie its context, there is inward, fostering a two people.

NON-KOLI DWELLINGS

KOLIWADA DWELLINGS + GROUND CONDITION Idiosyncrasy, program and connection to nature make the new Koli units feel as indigenious as their more historic dwellings. With an open organic language designed for gradual, expressive expansion, there is a strong focus on positive evolution instead of change.

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GHBORHOOD

hared spaces and range mism and activation to tween.” While these ws and program out to s an accentuated focus symbiosis between the

STRUCTURED SYMBIOSIS

uniting koliwada

BLENDED SPACE Exposed structure and water tanks are the only permanent things you’ll find here. As the mid-level thread that binds the two unit types, this porous third level provides horizontal visibility across the site and is used for a range of transient, communal activities that bridge the two people.

PLAYGROUND 26

DOR IA N S OS A | A RC HI T ECTURE P ORTF OLIO

TENEMENT PIECES 01 | NON-KOLI DWELLINGS The Non-Koli units are distinct from and more refined than the Kolis’. The Non-Koli living quarters take the higher ground out of respect for the sea-level traditions of the Kolis. The spaces borrow key traits of the Koli units, such as color, whimsicality, vertical light wells, and balconies, allowing them to blend into the existing Koli context.

02 | FRAMEWORK The new framework will disappear into the traditions, routines, and symbiosis between the two people. The rigid structure provides the perfect juxtaposition for the loose, expressive, and ever-changing culture evolving within it.

03 | KOLI DWELLINGS 04 | JALI FOR NON-KOLIS The Jali (lattice) for the non-Kolis is a direct derivation of its traditional counterpart. It is pushed closer to the façade to act as a railing, shading element, and surface for foliage. The Jali is dispersed across the façade, visually linking the Koli and NonKoli unit types.

05 | INTERACTIVE CIRCULATION Scale, color, and view corridors make this gestural stair a place for pause and interaction.

06 | JALI FOR KOLI The Jali for the Koli is a new element that reveals traditions. The Jali provides shade, but more importantly, it is helpful for the daily routines of the Kolis, who often use them to dry fishing nets and clothes.

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STRUCTURED SYMBIOSIS

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EXPLODED ISOMETRIC 28

DOR IA N S OS A | A RC HI TE CTURE PO RTF OLIO

INTERACTIVE STAIR

TENEMENT ELEVATION 29

STRUCTURED SYMBIOSIS

JUXTAPOSITION OF KOLI AND NON-KOLI DWELLINGS 30

DOR IA N S OS A | A RC HI T ECTUR E P ORTF O LI O

THE GREAT TRINITY WETLANDS Sector: URBAN DESIGN Site: DALLAS, TX Year: 2019

DALLAS CURRENTLY LACKS AN ICONIC LANDMARK THAT DEFINES ITS IDENTITY. THE GREAT TRINITY WETLANDS WOULD BECOME AN INTERNATIONAL DESTINATION AND A SYMBOL OF INNOVATION. 31

At its core, this project’s goal is to use design to reimagine a performance-driven infrastructural system as something more.

It strives to break down the boundaries between systems in order to build symbiotic relationships between them. The floating islands dissolve into the wetlands, creating an interface between the built and natural world. Functionally, it converges typical infrastructural systems -- water, waste disposal, and food production -- and leverages them to improve socioeconomic conditions.

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DOR IA N S OS A | A RC H I TECTURE PO RTF OLIO

INFRASTRUCTURE: A CLOSED SYSTEM Most of Dallas’s infrastructural systems are designed as singular, closed-loop entities. They are utilitarian and designed to perform a specific function efficiently — except they aren’t always that efficient.

As the population grows and climate change continues to limit available water supply, the State of Texas has invested $23.6 billion into improving and increasing the capacity of water infrastructure over the next 50 years. Most of this investment will be used to improve and construct new surface-water reservoirs, colloquially known as manmade lakes.

However, surface water reservoirs are inefficient at storing water, especially in a hot, sunny climate like Texas, where billions of gallons of water are lost to surface-level evaporation. This loss is even greater during years of drought. Furthermore, surface-water reservoirs can contribute to the destruction of natural habitats by introducing invasive species, changing temperatures and oxygen levels in the water, and limiting the circulation of aquatic life.

In addition to these issues created by surface water reservoirs, there are inefficiencies within Dallas’s own water infrastructure, outlined in detail within the Dallas Water Infrastructure Inefficiencies diagram.

Essentially, the city is wasting resources during each step of the filtration process - cleaning, transporting, and storing water. Additional infrastructural systems compound these impacts and contribute to the destruction of ecosystems and the further marginalization of already under-served communities.

Dallas’s water infrastructure systems are designed inefficiently without regard to their impacts outside of their closed system. They are intended to collect, store, process, and redistribute water, providing what is needed to survive.

But water does not exist within a closed system. It is a thread that connects all living beings, every ecosystem, every culture, even human being. It is not something we can keep bottled and separate. We should be looking at how improvements to our water infrastructure can flow through other systems, whether infrastructural, environmental, economic, or social. Rather than designing each system separately, our project seeks to understand how these systems are all interrelated and how we can improve one system to solve problems in another.

Dallas’s current water system is insufficient and inefficient. It requires a transformation. If we’re going to redesign it, why don’t we maximize our investment? How can we transform water infrastructure into an urban activator?

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EVAPORATIVE WATER LOSS Billions of gallons are lost each year in Texas due to the sun heating the water’s surface, reducing the efficiency of the reservoir.

OXYGEN LOSS Oxygen is not replenished as efficiently in stagnant water as it is in nautral streams and rivers, where there is more vegetation and stronger currents.

AQUATIC LIFE CIRCULATION Surface-water reservoirs limit the passage of acuatic life in both directions, which keeps fish from spawning upriver and confines gene pools.

TEMPERATURE LOSS The sun heats stagnant surface water, leading to greater temperature variation from top to bottom than in streams where there is more circulation.

DOWNSTREAM EROSION The rapid flow of water escaping from a dam can lead to erosion downstream, which can affect surrounding habitat.

INTRODUCED INVASIVE SPECIES Many resevoirs are stocked with invasie fish or decorated with non-native plant species in order to make them more attractive for recreational activities.

THE GREAT TRINITY WETLANDS

$23.6

billion invested in Texas water supply infrastructure in the next 50 years (most of it going towards building new surface-water reservoirs)

Lake Tawakoni (Not Seen on Map) City Population: 1960 Construction Cost (2019): $560 million Surface Area: 153 km²

Lake Ray Roberts Year Constructed: 1987 Construction Cost (2019): $778 million Surface Area: 119 km²

Lake Fork (Not Seen on Map) City Population: 1980 Construction Cost (2019): $458 million Surface Area: 110 km²

Lake Lewisville

Lake Lavon

Year Constructed: 1927 Construction Cost (2019): $329 million Surface Area: 120 km² Grapevine Lake

Year Constructed: 1953 Construction Cost (2019): $851 million Surface Area: 87 km²

Year Constructed: 1952 Construction Cost (2019): $136 million Surface Area: 29 km² Lay Ray Hubbard City Population: 1964 Construction Cost: $380 million Surface Area: 92 km² Downtown Dallas City Population: 1953 Construction Cost (2019): $851 million Surface Area: 87 km² Proposed Site John Bunker Sands Wetland Center City Population: 1964 Construction Cost (2019): $380 million Surface Area: 92 km²

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DOR IA N S OS A | A RC H I TECTURE PO RTF OLIO

DALLAS WATER INFRASTRUCTURE INEFFICIENCIES Water delivered to city in potable form.

WATER TREATMENT CENTER

25 MILES

DALLAS

190 million liters pumped from Lake Lavon to water treatment each day.

Runoff & wastewater from Dallas flow into the Trinity River.

Runoff from Mccommas Landfill recontaminates recently cleaned water.

McCOMMAS LANDFILL

Contaminated water flows downstream to the Southside SOUTHSIDE WASTEWATER Waste Water Treatment TREATMENT Center, which then must do CENTER extra work to assure water downstream is suitable.

Remaining 70% of water continues downstream uninterrupted.

LAKE LAVON

Cleaned wastewater flows downstream, safe for habitats.

GREAT TRINITY FOREST Largest urban hardwood forest in the US, also home to prairie and wetlands. Technically protected, but rarely enforced.

Up to 30% of water diverted from Trinity to Wetland Center.

JOHN BUNKER SANDS WETLAND CENTER

Chemicals and toxins are filtered by native vegetation in constructed wetlands.

Water is not potable, but is safe for wildlife.

43 MILES 190 million liters arepumped to Lake Lavon (one of the city’s reservoirs) each day.

TRINITY

Dallas’s sewage is sent CENTRAL to wastewater treatment WASTEWATER center where water is TREATMENT processed so that it is safe CENTER to be returned to the Trinity.

The McCommas landfill, the largest in Dallas, is directly adjacent to the Trinity River, only a few miles downstream of the Central Wastewater Treatment Center. The treatment center processes wastewater to be released safely into the river, but polluted runoff from the landfill contaminates the water shortly after. Further downstream, the city’s other treatment center, the South Side Wastewater Treatment Center, releases clean water into an already polluted Trinity River.

Twenty-five miles downstream, some of this contaminated water is processed at the John Bunker Sands Wetlands Center. It is then pumped 43 miles to Lake Lavon, upstream of Dallas, where it is stored until being pumped 25 miles back to Dallas. However, the daily output from John Bunker Sands is the same amount of water that is withdrawn from Lake Lavon each day. This means that the city is needlessly pumping millions of gallons of water over 68 miles every day.

35

THE GREAT TRINITY WETLANDS

MAXIMIZING DALLAS’S INVESTMENT

BENEFITS MATRIX - GREAT TRINITY WETLANDS SOCIAL

The Great Trinity Wetlands approaches the massive investment dedicated to water infrastructure and asks a simple question: How can we maximize that investment?

• • • •

Compared to surface water reservoirs, constructed wetlands have cheaper direct costs, cheaper maintenance costs, and savings down the road that will be spent on environmental remediation and water filtration. The Great Trinity Wetlands leverage these savings, investing them in other areas of Dallas that positively impact the bottom line while directly benefiting communities and individuals.

RECOGNITION & IDENTITY

By turning water infrastructure into an urban activator, the Great Trinity Wetlands contribute to the economy by building businesses, expanding opportunities for some of Dallas’ most at-risk, improving public health, and creating an inclusive space that fosters creative growth.

ECONOMIC

The Great Trinity Wetlands also create a destination that would bolster tourism activity, bringing in outside revenue and giving Dallas a seat at the global table. Additionally, new amenities and a forward-thinking, innovative identity would encourage expansion and growth in the city as Dallas builds an identity that would attract businesses and individuals to the area, increasing tax revenues for further community investment.

• • • • •

Overall, the Great Trinity Wetlands not only reduce upfront costs; the wetlands also provide savings throughout a variety of systems and investments while also directly benefiting the population of Dallas county.

With all of these benefits in mind, The Great Trinity Wetlands questions the $26.3 million Texas has dedicated to improving water infrastructure.

Why spend it on more surface-water reservoirs?

WETLANDS

RESEVOIRS

• • • • • • • •

Space for gathering and interaction Public access to recreation designed for all socioeconomic levels Venue for public events Provides social facilities that are currently limited in the area A new narrative for the city’s approach to both infrastructure & the environment Provides a destination that draws new residents & tourists Dallas viewed as an innovative city at an international level A connection to nature in a way that rival’s Dallas’s competition Creates a sense of pride for Dallas and its residents Money saved from the construction of a new surface-water reservoir Increased tax revenue from tourism Increased tax revenue from new businesses and residents moving to Dallas Revenue from leasing islands to businesses Sale of surplus compost as fertilizer to regional farmers Lower operating costs due to improved efficiency Lower healthcare and public health costs Creation of new jobs

INFRASTRUCTURE EFFICIENCY • • • • •

Reduced pumping distance Recycled waste-water Recycled energy Increased waste-water treatment capacity Increased impact of current waste-water treatment

PUBLIC HEALTH • • • • •

Improved air quality Promotion of active lifestyle Greater access to green space and its proven health benefits Improved access to fresh, organic produce Reduced presence of toxic chemicals

EDUCATIONAL • • • • •

$0.63 - $1.15

$1.55 - $4.24

per gallon of raw water

per gallon of raw water

THE COST OF WATER PRODUCTION Because constructed wetlands naturally filter water, it is significantly cheaper to produce and process this water for use than it is to produce and process water from a conventional surface-water reservoir.

Promotes awareness of water & climate issues Highlights the importance of water & its stewardship in Dallas Ability to connect to and learn about the city’s natural resources Interface between the public and the infrastructure that supports it Access to nature and understanding of local ecology

ENVIRONMENTAL • • • • • • •

Creation & remediation of natural habitat Reduction of pollution in the Trinity River & the Great Trinity Forest Infrastructure that doesn’t have adverse impacts on downstream ecology Public awareness of Dallas’s natural reserves Connection between the public and nature Reduction of landfill waste Creation of renewable energy resources 36

DOR IA N S OS A | A RC H I TECTURE PO RTF OLIO

INDUSTRIAL ZONE

JOPPA PRESERVE Chemicals from the industrial zone pollute air and river

McCOMMAS BLUFF LANDFILL Runoff from landfill contaminates the Trinity

37

THE GREAT TRINITY WETLANDS

DOWNTOWN DALAS

JOPPA COMMUNITY

GREAT TRINITY FOREST

SITE - INTRODUCTION The McCommas landfill and its vicinity was clearly the site that would have the highest impact in solving the issues our team wanted to approach. Further investigation of the site made it evident that there were several other areas that the intervention had the opportunity to address.

In addition to the landfill, there is a large industrial zone nearby primarily produces cement. This zone also contributes to water pollution through runoff, and emissions from the plants contaminate the air.

TRINITY RIVER AUDUBON CENTER

Another factor weighed in choosing this site was its proximity to the Great Trinity Forest. It is little known, even by the residents of Dallas, yet boasts the title of largest urban hardwood forest in the United States. It hosts a variety of ecosystems and a multitude of threatened species. Still, a lack of regulations and protections, pollution from the nearby industrial zone and landfill, and encroaching suburban sprawl have contributed to its degradation in recent years.

Furthermore, the site is home to the historic neighborhood of Joppa.

This neighborhood had initially been a Freedman’s town called Joppee, founded in 1872. Its residents now suffer from the same pollution caused by the industrial zone, which physically isolates the community from residential and commercial areas. Additionally, Joppa suffers from many issues common in South Dallas neighborhoods, such as limited transportation, employment, and educational opportunities.

38

DOR IA N S OS A | A RC H I TECTURE PO RTF OLIO

INCENTIVIZED DEVELOPMENT ZONING OVERLAY

JOPPA PRESERVE

PUBLIC RECREATION

COMPOSTING FACILITY

WASTE-TO-ENERGY PLANT

CONSTRUCTED WETLANDS

AQUAPONIC FARMING

39

THE GREAT TRINITY WETLANDS

DOWNTOWN DALAS

JOPPA COMMUNITY

JOPPPA RECREATION

CONSTRUCTED WETLANDS

SITE - INTERVENTION

GREAT TRINITY FOREST

TRINITY RIVER AUDUBON CENTER

Our proposal has two key components: constructed wetlands along the polluted side of the Trinity River and the conversion of McCommas Bluff Landfill into a composting and waste-to-energy center.

The constructed wetlands filter and retain water while providing habitat for wildlife and are more efficient and less costly than lakes. The saving from this investment will be directed to construct a series of floating islands within the wetlands that would be infused with a variety of recreational programs and aquaponic gardens. These amenity-oriented islands would be used as a buffer between the developed zones to the west and the natural habitat of the Great Trinity Forest to the east and serve as flood protection between the two. The aquaponic gardens would use the waste from the composting center as fertilizer, and the floating islands would acquire their energy from the waste-to-energy center.

The floating island would transform infrastructure into a destination.

Some islands could be sports fields and parks, specifically for Joppa’s residents. In contrast, others could be leased for programs such as farm-to-table restaurants and markets selling the food produced in the aquaponic gardens. By blending these programmatic elements into the wetlands and connecting them with a series of trails, the intervention would serve as a gateway to the once-forgotten Great Trinity Forest. Where the city of Dallas has ignored its natural resources and adjacency to water, the Great Trinity Wetlands would celebrate this connection and reclaim land lost to pollution and industrial activity.

40

DOR IA N S OS A | A RC H I TECTURE PO RTF OLIO

THE CLOSED LOOP CYCLE WASTE WATER

WASTE-WATER TREATMENT CENTER

DALLAS

CONSTRUCTED WETLANDS

TREATED WATER FRESH PRODUCE & FISH

ORGANIC WASTE

8 MILES

AQUAPONIC CENTER

WASTE-TO-ENERGY PLANT

ENERGY

FERTILIZER

COMPOSTING FACILITY

METHANE GAS

The Great Trinity Wetlands intervention would significantly improve the current system. Water released from the treatment center would be filtered through the wetlands and aquaponic gardens before being pumped directly back to the city for use. Dallas would also rely less on rainfall upstream by recycling the city’s wastewater.

This water, along with the city’s organic waste, would be used to farm fresh produce and feed fish in the aquaponic gardens. These goods would be sold and distributed through South Dallas, where most neighborhoods are currently located in food deserts. The organic waste would eventually end up back in the composting center to fertilize future generations of crops.

The facilities would also use the methane gas emissions from the composting center to power the aquaponic farming and recreational islands. Essentially, it creates a self-sufficient relationship with the city of Dallas by utilizing the city’s waste to propel the system.

The core of this intervention is the optimization of resources and the recycling of waste. By recycling every possible asset within the system, the intervention can create an autonomous system with minimal waste.

Because it receives its inputs (wastewater and organic waste) from the city of Dallas and has a directly related output (fresh produce, clean 41

water, and energy), it is a scalable system that will naturally grow with the population of Dallas. More people will produce more waste, which will produce more (energy) resources for the city and reduce the city’s reliance on external sources for energy such as electricity.

The composting facility would convert methane emissions into energy -- and there would be more than enough to go around. In 2019, Dallas produced approximately 2.2 million tons of waste each year. If they implemented a composting program similar to the city of San Fransisco, the composting facility would have the waste resources to produce 770,000 MWh of energy each year — more power than the city of Dallas uses annually. Even a smaller waste-to-energy program would have the capability to increase renewable energy use significantly.

30% composited 770,000 tons of waste x 1MWh per ton

770,000 MWh per year

2.2 MILLION TONS OF WASTE PER YEAR

THE GREAT TRINITY WETLANDS

THE WATER CYCLE TRINITY DAILY MEAN FLOW AT DALLAS

AVERAGE AMOUNT TREATED AT CENTRAL WASTEWATER CENTER

121 MILLION GALLONS

100 MILLION GALLONS

36.3

100

million gallons per day

million gallons per day

30% diverted to wetlands

100% filtered through wetlands

same amount returned to Trinity

recycled back to Dallas

135 million gallons per day (500 acres of 1’ water depth)

Trinity continues downstream

One familiar with the view of the Trinity River from the Margaret Hunt Hill Bridge may question the feasibility of creating a prominent water feature in Dallas. It is not rare for the Trinity to appear to be nothing more than a stream during times of drought. By sourcing the intervention’s water from the wastewater treatment center, a consistent water flow ensures the river’s presence year-round. The wastewater treatment center would provide an average of 100 million gallons of water daily, and diverting 30% of the Trinity’s flow through the wetlands would typically allow an additional 36.3 million gallons per day. In total, approximately 136 million gallons of water per day could be sourced for the intervention, enough to construct 500 acres of wetlands (which have an average water depth of 1’). Building the floating islands between the wetlands would allow a greater depth and

a larger overall surface area.This intervention optimizes water usage by recycling wastewater rather than relying on surface water reservoirs and upstream rainfall. While Dallas is seeing rapid growth in population, climate forecasts a reduction in annual precipitation, meaning Dallas must keep up with two factors contributing to smaller and smaller margins in its capacity to provide water. Water typically lost to surface evaporation would remain within the system. Fewer efforts will be needed when processing the water to be potable, as constructed wetlands serve as a natural filter. Additionally, the 36.3 million gallons “borrowed” from the Trinity River each day would be returned to the river at the end of the wetlands so that downstream habitats will be uninterrupted by changes in water flow and benefit by receiving cleaner water.

42

DOR IA N S OS A | A RC H I TECTURE PO RTF OLIO

43

THE GREAT TRINITY WETLANDS

REMEDIATION OF THE McCOMMAS LANDFILL, AND CONSTRUCTION OF FLOATING ISLANDS, ACTIVATES THE SITE AND CONNECTS PEOPLE TO WATER

44

DOR IA N S OS A | A RC H I TECTURE PO RTF OLIO

45

THE GREAT TRINITY WETLANDS

THE CONSTRUCTED WETLANDS | A BRIDGE TO NATURE 46

DOR IA N S OS A | A RC HI T ECTURE P ORTF OLIO

BULGARIA OUTPATIENT REHABILITATION CENTER Sector: HEALTHCARE Site: SOFIA CITY, BULGARIA Year: 2019 - 2020 The mission was to define an appropriate architectural character for Bulgaria’s first specialty rehabilitation hospital. The design concept took the essence of uniquely defined building blocks - an allusion to the client’s “Blocks” logo - reflecting different programmatic spaces within the structure yet achieving a contemporary and cutting-edge building form.

VIEW FROM THE REHABILITATION GARDEN 47

48

DOR IA N S OS A | A RC HI T ECTURE P ORTF OLIO

THE SITE was initially conceived to be a low-rise residential complex, and the substructure for underground parking had already been constructed. This existing structure presented us with two challenges. First, we worked to incorporate it into our new building and avoid demolition. This was the economical and environmentally responsible solution. Secondly, we designed the new structure around the existing one since the latter was not engineered to hold the loads of a hospital.

49

A major design driver was to maximize views from the patient rooms to the Vitosha mountain south of Sofia. This, in addition to the Bulgaria zoning code and building regulations, led the team to explore a long, cantilevered patient tower with a kinked middle.

Urban Limits: • Max Height: • Max Ground Build Area: • Total Build Area:

15 m (49 ft) 1,500 m2 (16,000 sf) 61,000 m2 (65,700 sf)

SITE IN RELATION TO CITY CENTER

VIEW OF VITOSHA MOUNTAIN FROM THE SITE

VIEW OF THE SITE FROM RING ROAD

EXISTING PARKING STRUCTURE

BLOCKS VILLAGE UNDER CONSTRUCTION

AERIAL VIEW OF CITY CENTER FROM SITE

BULGARIA OUTPATIENT REHABILITATION HOSPITAL

MASSING STUDIES CURVE + Single-direction Cantilever Maximizes Room Views + Thin Tower Floor Plate Allows for a Roof Terrace + Distinctive Architecture - Clean South Facade

SOUTH FACE

NORTH FACE

CANTILEVER + Double Direction Cantilever Maximizes Room Views + Thin Tower Floor Plate allows for a Roof Terrace + Arguably Most Distinctive Architecture

SOUTH FACE

NORTH FACE

KINK + Offset Floor Plates make for Distinctive Architecture + Wide Floor Plate allows for Centralized Support Services + Green Balcony is Introduced

SOUTH FACE

NORTH FACE

STACK + Quickest Construction of all Options - Most Economical + Wide Floor Plate allows for Centralized Support Services

SOUTH FACE

NORTH FACE 50

DOR IA N S OS A | A RC HI TE CTURE PO RTF OLIO

SPACE PROGRAMMING PATIENT CARE UNITS GYM PUBLIC / ADMINISTRATION SUPPORT SERVICES OUTPATIENT CLINICS LOBBY

PROPERTY LINE

BUILDING SETBACK

MULTI-PURPOSE 310

OPTION A | STACKED | LEVEL 02

PROPERTY LINE

CANTILEVER

UNDERGROUND BUILDING LINES BUILDING SETBACK

NEURO GYM 400

SLOP LOBBY 225 SUPPORT SERVICES 110

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PARK IN

G

LAB 60 P&O 80 PED GYM 220

ORTHO GYM 400

0

10m

20m

OPTION A | STACKED | GROUND LEVEL 51

BULGARIA OUTPATIENT REHABILITATION HOSPITAL

The team explored dozens of parking studies, circulation diagrams, and program blocking exercises which were carried out in tandem with the massing studies.

PROPERTY LINE

BUILDING SETBACK

MULTI-PURPOSE 310

!

OPTION D | CURVED | LEVEL 02

PROPERTY LINE UNDERGROUND BUILDING LINES BUILDING SETBACK

NEURO GYM 400

LOBBY 225

PED GYM 215

LAB 60

P&O 80

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ORTHO GYM 400

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OPTION D | CURVED | GROUND LEVEL 52

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BULGARIA OUTPATIENT REHABILITATION HOSPITAL

8m

16m

LEVEL 03 FLOOR PLAN

54

DOR IA N S OS A | A RC HI TE CTURE PO RTF OLIO

FACADE SKETCHES The building is divided into a series of offset volumes, alluding to a contemporary architectural interpretation of the client’s logo. This concept is most clearly defined on the north side of the edifice. A dark, robust podium carries a colorful patient tower, bearing a clean and refined mechanical penthouse. The building blocks have individualistic facades; however, they convey a kinship through size, horizontally, common colors, and repetitive architectural elements. The first two levels have green glazing panels accented with colored fins, while all of the levels promote an orange theme to some degree. The harmony between the three building parts is most evident on the south facade, which was designed to read as a continuous element, serpentining from the main entrance to the cantilevered patient rooms. The south podium face is light and delicate, creating the illusion of a floating patient tower.

55

BULGARIA OUTPATIENT REHABILITATION HOSPITAL

56

DOR IA N S OS A | A RC HI TE CTURE PO RTF OLIO

LINEAR TRANSITION FROM OPEN TO PRIVATE SPACE

THE ONLY NON-PERPENDICULAR ELEMENT IS THE SOLE MEGA COLUMN

CANTILEVERED PATIENT TOWER 57

CANTILVERED TOWER KINK

BULGARIA OUTPATIENT REHABILITATION HOSPITAL

CONCEPTUAL RENDERINGS Careful attention was paid to the concept of transparency within the project. A patient first walks into a light and open lobby, which gradually transitions into open but shaded therapeutic gymnasiums and then into the private inpatient rooms.

THE GARDEN IS NOT FOR JUST FOR THE HOSPITAL BUT FOR THE HOLISTIC CAMPUS 58

DOR IA N S OS A | A RC HI TE CTURE PO RTF OLIO

MASTER PLAN The Blocks Medical City is planned to be the largest integrated campus for post-acute care in Bulgaria and Southeast Europe.

Composed on a plot of approximately 20,000 m2 (215,000 sf), the project will have two pillars with a total of 352 beds: a 162-bed elderly community consisting of 17residential dwellings, and a world-class 120-bed rehabilitation hospital. Furthermore, the client hopes to purchase 5 of the existing residential buildings - east of the property line - and integrate them into the campus.

1 2 3 4

MOTOR COURT GARAGE ACCESS GARDEN ENTRY REHABILITATION GARDEN

AERIAL VIEW OF NORTH FACADE 59

5 6 7 8

VILLAS GREEN HOUSE FUTURE COMMUNITY CENTER IMPROVED FRONTAGE LANDSCAPE

9 10 11 12

ROOF TOP GARDEN FUTURE VILLAS FUTURE MEMORY CARE CENTER FUTURE THERAPY CENTER

BULGARIA OUTPATIENT REHABILITATION HOSPITAL

11

1

8

2

12 9 3

3 2 4

5 5 5

6

5

5 5 5 5

10 5

5 5

10 5 5

7

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MASTER PLAN 60

DOR IA N S OS A | A RC HI TE CTURE PO RTF OLIO

61

BULGARIA OUTPATIENT REHABILITATION HOSPITAL

AN ICONIC CANTILEVER GREETS THOSE ARRIVING FROM THE MAIN ROADWAY

62

DORIAN SO SA | ARCHITECTURE PORTFOLIO 2020

RE-IMAGINING BENEFIELD Sector: ADAPTIVE RE-USE | RENOVATION Site: RICHMOND, VA Year: 2019 - 2020

An underserved community north of the city of Richmond facing poverty and crime with a severe generational gap looks to its youth and this project to be a catalyst for change and hope. Through the community engagement process and a unique live/work programmatic model that will incubate local businesses on the first floor and provide mixed-income housing, Re-Imagining Benefield will be the new community center for Highland Park. It will be a model for similar transformations across the country.

63

A PROJECT THAT REPRESENTS THE HISTORY OF BLACK RICHMOND 64

DORIAN SO SA | ARCHITECTURE PORTFOLIO

THE NEIGHBORHOOD Highland Park has a bold and colorful character, evident through the materials and architectural ornamentation found throughout the surrounding context. One of the main project goals is to retain the neighborhood vibe and preserve and celebrate the historical facade of the existing structure - a 1920’s Spanish Art Deco wall.

This facade will serve as the front door of the building.

65

RE-IMAGINING BENEFIELD

The project sits on the corner and at the convergence of six points [The south tip of our building is considered the 6 Points Innovation Center] and in the middle of the Commercial Area Improvement Plan. The project will act as a gateway into a more significant commercial/community corridor for Highland Park, and it will be a catalyst for future growth and opportunity. Newly zoned for UBPE8 [Urban Business District Parking Exempt], maximizing the development square footage was essential while respecting the surrounding context. The multi-floor residential addition was stepped back, reinforcing a comfortable human scale and edge along Meadowbridge Road.

RETAINING BENEFIELD’S IDENTITY 66

COMMUNITY ENGAGEMENT

DORIAN SO SA | ARCHITECTURE PORTFOLIO

67

Since day one, community members have been an integral part of the design process. Through town-hall meets, workshops, and personal interviews, the community has been able to voice its opinions, needs, and desires, making it influential to the project. Building programs catered specifically to the community’s needs and preserving the intimate scale of Meadowbridge Road were key design outcomes established by the community during the engagement process.

SITE VISIT

COMMUNITY WORKSHOP

COMMUNITY BRAINSTORM

PROCESS MODELING

PROJECT FUNDRAISING

RE-IMAGINING BENEFIELD

6 POINT INTERSECTION 68

DORIAN SO SA | ARCHITECTURE PORTFOLIO

1B

D STU D

IO U NIT

S

HE WEL ALTH + LNE SS

MIC RO

JEW

EL 1B

D

UNI TS HER SHAR B G ED ARD EN

COM KITCMUNIT HEN Y

1B D 2B D

COM MU NIT

Y FA

TEN TEN TEN

RM

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69

FER E

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EL

STA

CON

PAC E

JEW UR ROOBAN M

TUA L FL

PIC

JEWEL SPACE

WORKSPACE

MAKERSPACE

A PERMANENT EXHIBIT CELEBRATING BENEFIELD’S LEGACY AND RICH HISTORY.

HOLDS FUNCTIONS AT MULTIPLE SCALES - LARGE COMMUNITY EVENTS, BOY/GIRL SCOUT MEETINGS, SMALL STUDY GROUPS.

COLLABORATIVE WORKING ENVIRONMENT PROVIDING HANDS-ON LEARNING.

RE-IMAGINING BENEFIELD COMMUNITY/OUTDOOR SPACE

6 POINT INNOVATION CENTER -- A COLLABORATIVE WORK SPACE FOR NON-PROFIT ORGANIZATIONS, YOUTH, AND FLEXIBLE COMMUNITYWORKSPACE MEMEBERS 70

DORIAN SO SA | ARCHITECTURE PORTFOLIO 1 2 3 4 5 6 7

COWORKING SPACE JEWEL ROOM [EXHIBIT] URBAN ROOM STUDIO APARTMENT COMMUNITY SPACE COMMUNITY GARDEN LOFT APARTMENT

7

4

1

71

5

RE-IMAGINING BENEFIELD

6

2

3

SECTION PERSPECTIVE 72

DORIAN SO SA | ARCHITECTURE PORTFOLIO

ALTERNATE SCHEMES Alternate schemes were studied during the schematic design phase. The team asked: How do we integrate the grand stair with the rest of the building?

Where does glazing make sense? Should we align the face of the residential units with Meadowbridge Road? What could we borrow from the single-family homes around the neighborhood - the pitched roof? How could we best frame the historical front-door facade? What materials felt right?

CHILDREN PLAYING IN THE COURTYARD ON A SNOW DAY 73

RE-IMAGINING BENEFIELD

74

DORIAN SO SA | ARCHITECTURE PORTFOLIO

75

RE-IMAGINING BENEFIELD

OPTION A - SOUTH ELEVATION

OPTION B - SOUTH ELEVATION 76

DORIAN SO SA | ARCHITECTURE PORTFOLIO

7 10 6 11 8 12

22

9 4

2

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1

5

ALTERNATE FLOOR PLANS 01 02 03 04 05 06 77

URBAN ROOM 07 CONFERENCE STORYTELLING WALL 08 PHONE ROOMS RECEPTION 09 FLEX SPACE MAIN STAIR 10 KITCHEN 6 PIC 11 STAIR MAKER SPACE 12 RENTABLE SPACE

OPTION A - GROUND LEVEL

RE-IMAGINING BENEFIELD

OPTION A - LEVEL 2

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MICRO STUDIO 1-BED

2-BED COMMUNITY SPACE HEALTH & WELLNESS

OPTION B - LEVEL 2 78

DORIAN SO SA | ARCHITECTURE PORTFOLIO

OPTION A - WEST ELEVATION

OPTION A - EAST ELEVATION

OPTION A - NORTH ELEVATION 79

RE-IMAGINING BENEFIELD

OPTION B - WEST ELEVATION

OPTION B - EAST ELEVATION

OPTION B - NORTH ELEVATION 80

DORIAN SO SA | ARCHITECTURE PORTFOLIO

81

RE-IMAGINING BENEFIELD

Our design intends to create a place that instills a sense of pride in its residents by creating awareness about its rich history. Our vision is to build a future for Highland Park through a unique live/work model that provides access to innovative resources for talented youth. We hope to develop Highland Park as the nucleus of black innovation and excellence and a definitive black cultural enclave.

MEADOWBRIDGE ROAD RE-IMAGINED 82

DOR IA N S OS A | A RC HI TE CTURE PO RTF OLIO

RUBIK’S SQUARE Sector: RESIDENTIAL Site: WASHINGTON, D.C. Year: 2016 Seventy-five percent of homeless families in Washington D.C. are singleparent households – mostly mothers with young children. Rubik’s Square is a transitional housing development designed to provide a safe and proud environment for aspiring families within the Shaw neighborhood of Washington D.C. As the project specifically caters to children and their single mothers, a playful atmosphere is developed, promoting a healthy and active community. Strategically placed voids and extrusions furthermore create a gradience of public, private, and semi-private spaces empowering its residents with a sense of ownership and a sense of privacy. The design goal was to create a beautiful, homey space for the project inhabitants.

83

LAST DAY OF CLASS - SUMMER BREAK 84

DOR IA N S OS A | A RC HI T ECTURE P ORTF OLIO

URBAN FABRIC The project scope called for an adaptive reuse of the abandoned Langston Elementary School, a two-story brick building listed in the National Register of Historic Places for its affiliation with architecture, education, and ethnic heritage. After visiting the site, the team proposed incorporating the also abandoned Slater Elementary School right next door. The site sits at 43 P. Street NW, a residential area located within the Truxton Circle neighborhood of D.C.

1 SLATER SCHOOL

2 LANGSTON SCHOOL

The project mimics patterns interpreted from the surrounding row homes and applies them to its window scheme. Furthermore, it borrows some of the bold colors painting those same row homes, which are seen throughout the new facade. Large cutouts can be found throughout the building form, creating shared green spaces for its inhabitants. These cavities are a direct reflection of the cutouts placed on the contemporary Mundo Verde Bilingual school right across the street.

3 ROW HOUSES

3 ROW HOUSES

4 MUNDO VERDE SCHOOL

1st Street, NW

3 43 P. STREET NW, WASHINGTON DC 1

2

3

North Capital Street, NE

3

P Street, NW 3 4

SITE PLAN 85

RUBIK’S SQUARE

THOUGHT PROCESS

86’

- 6”

Slater School

01 The project’s extent grew to include the former Slater School. This allowed more housing units to be built and provided more space for supportive programs and services to be found on the ground level.

+ PS

tree

Langston School

t NW

- 6”

96’

02 A void was cut through the center of the Langston School. This allowed for appropriately sized residential units, proper daylighting, and it created a 40-foot wide semi-private courtyard, a distinct characteristic of the project.

The apartments are organized around a single loaded corridor on a 30-foot grid structure.

Sun 30’ 30’

03 We built two additional stories on top of the existing structure to maximize buildable area while maintaining an appropriate building height scale within the site context. The two new floor levels were included to allow for a large, unobstructed, open courtyard on the ground floor.

60 60’

86

DOR IA N S OS A | A RC HI TE CTURE PO RTF OLIO

OUTDOOR SPACE OUTDOOR SPACE

HISTORICAL FACADE PRESERVATION OPEN TO SIDEWALK

87

RUBIK’S SQUARE

CONCEPTUAL DESIGN SKETCH

DAYLIGHTING

OPEN TO SIDEWALK HISTORICAL FACADE PRESERVATION 88

DOR IA N S OS A | A RC HI TE CTURE PO RTF OLIO

According to virginia.org, a typical homeless family is comprised of a single mother with her two young children. The project provides a mix of one-bedroom and two-bedroom units specifically designed for this case. However, some units can comfortably accommodate larger families. The apartments are configured to adapt to different stages of child growth since children of different ages will occupy the spaces over time.

89

RUBIK’S SQUARE

RESIDENTIAL SEMI-PRIVATE COURTYARD

Rubik’s Square is designed with the child always coming first in mind. Delight, Joy, Awe, and Creativity are keywords that drove the design. Project Characteristics: Kid-oriented. Vibrant. Inviting. Secure. Personal. Dignified. Inspiriting. Empowering.

90

DOR IA N S OS A | A RC HI T ECTURE P ORTF OLIO

CO M PUT E R L A B

G R EEN R O OF

A-A

FL EX SPAC E

D AY C AR E

91

RUBIK’S SQUARE

LOU NG E

G REE N RO O F

FLOOR PLAN | LEVEL 3

B-B

S TU D Y SPA C E

C-C

CLASSROO M CL ASSR O O M

CO MP UT ER C EN T ER RESI LOBBY

W O RK SPACE

FLOOR PLAN | GROUND LEVEL 92

DOR IA N S OS A | A RC HI TE CTURE PO RTF OLIO

Maintaining the neighborhood identity was crucial to the project.

Two abandoned school buildings - one of which is on the National Register of Historic Places - were restored and repurposed for the design. The existing buildings were strategically re-worked through demolition and new construction to allow for an appropriate housing module. The front facades of the Langston and Slater schools were preserved, serving as a transition from old architecture to new.

UNION BETWEEN OLD AND NEW FACADE 93

RUBIK’S SQUARE

corridor corridor lounge

section A-A

corridor

unit

corridor unit

corridor flex space

unit

lobby

study

section B-B

unit unit unit flex space computer center

unit unit classroom

section C-C 94

DOR IA N S OS A | A RC HI TE CTURE PO RTF OLIO

CENTRAL PLAYGROUND | THE HEART OF THE PROJECT 95

RUBIK’S SQUARE

The optimization of daylighting within the project was carefully studied.

Access to nature via balconies, community terraces, roof gardens, and public courtyards allow for natural lighting and connect Rubik’s Square’s residents to the outdoors. The project provides several play spaces, the central courtyard in particular, that encourage children to have fun and be active. This courtyard, strategically placed to be visible from all corners of the building, promotes a safe play environment giving the parents peace of mind.

96

DOR IA N S OS A | A RC HI TE CTURE PO RTF OLIO

OB4 RESTON PROMENADE Sector: COMMERICAL Site: RESTON PROMENADE, VA Year: 2019

Office Building 4 in Reston, Virginia, sits at the intersection of economy, sustainability, and beauty.

The edifice is composed of just three modular panels, each with a unique wall-to-window ratio, shielding the building from direct sunlight, reducing the U-value, and ultimately improving thermal comfort for the workplaces within. These panels coil around the structure, solid space versus clear space creating a dynamic visual that distinguishes the building envelope from the typical glass box building and gives it its raison d’etre. As the structure meets the ground, the building opens up through large glazing panels that enable nature to penetrate the interior spaces. An indoor bike garage, an in-house fitness club, and an array of balconies and rooftop terraces exemplify the type of office space that the new generation workforce seeks. Work, Play, Live – OB4 is designed with this ideology in mind.

Right: A MACHINE FOR WORKING IN 97

98

DOR IA N S OS A | A RC HI T ECTURE P ORTF OLIO

R ESTO N PRO MENAD E DEFINING AN URBAN NEIGHBORHOOD

Originally conceived by Robert Simon in 1962, the town of Reston was decades ahead of its time in promoting a walkable, sustainable, and inclusive model for city planning. Modeled after European cities and towns that Simon experienced in his travels, it’s core principals of pedestrian focus, mix of uses, and connections to nature and recreation were the antithesis of the suburban model of sprawl that characterized the suburbanization common in that time.

The images below depict before and after diagrams of Reston Promenade. The urban transformation from a car-centric blacktop to a pedestrian focused regional destination with OB4 as one of the anchors is a true reflection of Simon’s ultimate vision for Reston - a walkable city.

RESTON PROMENADE - BEFORE

Top: PHOTO OF ROBERT SIMON Middle: RENDERING OF RESTON TOWN CENTER Bottom: EARLY PHOTO OF LAKE ANNE PLAZA, RESTON VA 99

RESTON PROMENADE - AFTER

0B4 | RESTON PROMENADE

WIEHLE AVE

HOTEL

RESTON STATION BLVD

SUNSET HILLS ROAD

OB4

OB5

STATION ACCESS DR

Reston Promenade MASTER PLAN

RB5

100

DOR IA N S OS A | A RC HI T ECTURE P ORTF OLIO

SKIN STUDIES We designed the edifice to be composed of three unique panels. 3D printed forms will yield more casts from each module than gained via traditional formwork. These plastic casts will, in turn, reduce waste while streamlining costs and materials. The fundamental driver for the building’s modular envelope is to mitigate solar heat gain and glare from the sun into the workspace from all facades. As the sun rotates around the building, each building face responds with a unique set of modular panels displaying one of three different canopy depths shielding the user from direct sunlight.

SOLAR STUDIES ANNUAL | Jan. 1 - Dec. 31

Incident Solar Radiation DURING SUMMER | Jun. 11 - Sept. 14

PEAK SUMMER DAY | July 4

Transmitted Solar Radiation per Window DURING SUMMER | Jun. 11 - Sept. 14 N

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PODIUM EXPRESSIONS The overall shape of the podium maximizes its views of the Great Lawn and of the future planned bike park. The platform design allows for various “openness” styles based on programmatic changes over time.

The base is designed from a series of 6 panels, each with a unique ratio of glass and solid.

PODIUM - UNFOLDED ELEVATIONS 101

south-west

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PODIUM GLAZING

north-east 102

DOR IA N S OS A | A RC HI TE CTURE PO RTF OLIO

SOUTH VIEW OF OB4 AND THE GREAT LAWN 103

0B4 | RESTON PROMENADE

ALTERNATE SKIN STUDIES ENLARGED WALL AXON

ENLARGED WALL ELEVATION

OPTION A ANGLE - BAND

5 MODULE TYPES A (5’-0) | B (6’-0) |C (7’-0”) D (8’-0”) | E (9’-0”)

The goal was to create movement within the facade while using concrete as the primary shell material. The team incorporated various design distortions: angling, banding, pulling, mirroring, tilting, and rotating.

OPTION B PULL - ROTATED

6 MODULE TYPES A (5’-0) | B (5’-0) |C (7’-0”) | D (7’-0”) E (9’-0”) | F (9’-0”) (‘) INDICATES MODULE IS ROTATED 180 DEGREES

OPTION C TILT - MIRROR

4 MODULE TYPES A (5’-0) | B (6’-4) | C (7’-8”) | D (9’-0”) (‘) INDICATES MODULE IS MIRRORED ALONG X-AXIS

BUILDING PERSPECTIVE

WEST

NORTH

NORTH-EAST

WEST

NORTH

NORTH-EAST

WEST

NORTH

NORTH-EAST

104

DOR IA N S OS A | A RC HI T ECTURE P ORTF OLIO

AMENITY ROOF

SIMPLE MASSING FORM RESPONSIVE BUILDING ENVELOPE

TYPICAL OFFICE FLOOR PLAN

“WE-SPACE”

OUTDOOR WORK SPACE

THRU LOBBY RETAIL SPACE

OB4 - EXPLODED ISOMETRIC 105

0B4 | RESTON PROMENADE

A LOOK INSIDE OB4

106

DOR IA N S OS A | A RC HI T ECTURE P ORTF OLIO

VEHICULAR DROPOFF | GREAT LAWN

107

0B4 | RESTON PROMENADE

108

DOR IA N S OS A | A RC HI TE CTURE PO RTF OLIO

OB5 + RB5 RESTON PROMENADE Sector: MIXED-USE Site: RESTON, VA Year: 2019 A mid-rise building complex composed of an office tower (OB5), a movie theater, and a residential building is the next project to be developed after the completion of OB4. An eleven-story tower sits atop a podium composed of a cinema and parking structure. The office space and the cinema space share a main entrance and lobby. The residential buildinG (RB5) stands five stories high and has a private entry. The residential complex is designed as a dual-loaded corridor overseeing a semi-private courtyard. I had two assignments for this project: to explore the building skin and to come up with apartment unit layouts.

OB5 VIEW FROM SUNSET HILLS ROAD 109

RB5 CONNECTION TO OB5 | ACCESS TO SEMI-PRIVATE COURTYARD

SOUTH ELEVATION OF RB5 | PRIVATE ENTRANCE

DOUBLE-LOADED RESIDENTIAL CORRIDOR WITH SEMI-PRIVATE COURTYARD 110

DOR IA N S OS A | A RC HI TE CTURE PO RTF OLIO

OB5 TOWER A dozen office tower schemes were studied. Many questions were asked. Does the building wish to express vertical movement?

Does it want to be a series of horizontal stripes? Does it was to be sculpted? How should the tower meet the podium? Should the base and the head be different materials or different colors?

CARVED OUT

FOCAL CORNER 111

SCULPTED

0B5 + RB5 | RESTON PROMENADE

GRID FRAME

HORIZONTAL

VERTICAL

RIBBON GLAZING

ANGLE

PUSH - PULL 112

DOR IA N S OS A | A RC HI TE CTURE PO RTF OLIO

RB5 My focus was to visually stitch the different programs together through the building envelope. My sketches allude to the same materials being used throughout the whole edifice. I prescribe similar geometries to the residential building and the office tower, but at different scales. The residential facade most often reads as a single-story scale and expresses a more divergent nature. On the other hand, the office tower reads as a two-story scale and represents the main face of the building. In some of the sketches, the east tower face blends with the east cinema face. In others, the east tower and residential building facades are sketched as twins, with one simply being taller than the other.

BUILDINGS AS A SET OF TWINS WITH DIFFERENT HEIGHTS

THE BUILDING ENVELOPE DRAPING THE GLASS BOX TOWER 113

0B5 + RB5 | RESTON PROMENADE

DIFFERENTIATION BETWEEN BUIDLING FACADES

ENUNCIATION OF THE OFFICE TOWER AS THE FOCAL POINT

A TWO-HEADED BUILDING 114

DOR IA N S OS A | A RC HI T ECTURE P ORTF OLIO

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YMCA ARLINGTON Sector: SPORTS Site: ARLINGTON, VA Year: 2018

123

The new 96,000 sf YMCA will be prominently located at the corner of Kirkwood and 13th Street, establishing itself as the anchor of the new residential block. The façade treatment is a mix of transparent and translucent glazing, allowing abundant natural light to flood the tennis and major recreational programs while also providing activating views into the facility. Fitness activities are not restricted to be indoors; the project promotes health and well-being throughout all open spaces. There is a children’s play area between the Y and the residential complex south of it, there is an outdoor yoga space on the east side of the building, and the gym’s roof has an open field plus two full-scale exposed tennis courts.

YMCA STREET EDGE | AFTERNOON 124

DOR IA N S OS A | A RC HI TE CTURE PO RTF OLIO

RESI I

Special attention is paid to the northern and western edges of the property, the residential massing steps back, respecting the two and three-story structures around the site. The proposal also engages the stand of mature trees to the North via urban spaces that bleed into the native ground cover, creating a natural threshold to the project and an amenity to the community. Additional green space is proposed at the northwest corner of the property to provide a natural buffer between the new building complex and the adjacent single-family homes around it.

The residential program, composed of a proposed 427 units, occupies the southern and western edges of the property to not compete with the image of the YMCA. In addition to the careful attention paid to building height, strategic site organization helps create a harmonious transition between the denser development to the south and the neighborhood’s residential character to the north and west.

125

RESI IV

YMCA | ARLINGTON

YMCA

RESI II

RESI III

MASTER PLAN 126

DOR IA N S OS A | A RC HI TE CTURE PO RTF OLIO

EXISTING

01 temp. parking

existing YMCA

temp. tennis existing tennis property line N

N

PHASING DIAGRAMS

127

PHASE O1 | DEMO + TEMPORARY YMCA FACILITIES + Maintain YMCA (12,000 SF) + Demo Existing Tennis Pavilions + Build Temperary Air-supported Structure on Existing Surface Parking (27,000 SF) + Temporary surface parking

YMCA | ARLINGTON

02

03 new residential new residential

parking below parking below

new YMCA

N

N

PHASE O2 | EASTERN PARCEL CONSTRUCTION + YMCA Tennis Pavilion (45,000 SF) + YMCA H+W and Recreational Program (51,000 SF) + Below Grade Parking (65,000 SF, 173 spaces) + Residential Development (187,500 SF, 208 units)

PHASE O3 | WESTERN PARCEL CONSTRUCTION + Temp. YMCA moves to new YMCA facility on the northeast + Temp. facility deconstructed and existing health and wellness center demolished + Residential Development (201,000 SF, 223 units) + Below Grade Parking (123,000 SF, 301 spaces)

PHASE 03 COMPLETION 128

DOR IA N S OS A | A RC HI T ECTURE P ORTF OLIO

03 678',2

6725

6725

SPIN

03 678',2

STUDIOS

BASKETBALL

ERS LOCK

:(,*+76

6725

/2&.(56

LOBBY

),71(66

CARDIO

/281*(

/2&.(56

LOBBY

LOBBY + AMENITY

LOBBY

LEVEL 03

PEDESTRIAN STREETS 129

YMCA | ARLINGTON

YMCA PROGRAM

SECTION PERSPECTIVE 130

DOR IA N S OS A | A RC HI TE CTURE PO RTF OLIO

TENNIS COURTS The tennis program is prominently located, with ample viewing areas available above the main entrance. The space is light and airy, with indirect natural light from the perimeter clerestory glazing.

131

YMCA | ARLINGTON

132

DOR IA N S OS A | A RC HI TE CTURE PO RTF OLIO

133

YMCA | ARLINGTON

YMCA STREET EDGE | DUSK 134

KEY PLAYERS THE WASTESCRAPER Francisco Barron | Gordon Gn STRUCTURED SYMBIOSIS Divya Nautiyal | Philip Miller Stephen Perry l |Zach Wolk THE GREAT TRINITY WETLANDS Kay Curtis | Richard Gomez BULGARIA OUTPATIENT REHABILITATION CENTER Rupert Brown | Terence Houk | Wendy James RE-IMAGINING BENEFIELD Divya Nautiyal | Marcos Borjas | Nick Copper Philip Miller | Ryan Griffin RESTON PROMENADE - OB4 | OB5 | RB5 Nick Cooper | Ryan Griffin YMCA - ARLINGTON Adriana Zarrillo | Divya Nautiyal Nick Cooper | Stephen Perry | Zach Wolk

Dorian Sosa | 224. 374. 3322 | dorian.alfredo.sosa@gmail.com