DOMUS University Spring 2020 Issue

Issue 1

New ways of living contemporary approaches for building sustainable communities

Issue 1

New ways of living contemporary approaches for building sustainable communities

Introduction DOMUS arkitekter has an extensive knowledge of sustainable approaches in architectural and urban design (DGNB certified professionals).

The aim of DOMUS university is to promote key sustainability aspects in the built environment within the office and beyond. With analytical approach through several case studies we have tried to emphasize sustainable design methods that have been used by the professionals all over the world before. The publication NEW WAYS OF LIVING synthesizes projects which focus on different sustainable aspects. For that reason, 10 sustainability aspects have been determined and set under the 5 DOMUS sustainability pillars (environmental, economic, socio-cultural, technological and design process).

Building sustainable means using or taking into consideration aspects from all five sustainability pillars and introducing available resources consciously, minimizing energy consumption and preserving the environment. A holistic, sustainable action is only possible if all five of these pillars are applied in harmony and considered through the design, construction, usage and potential dismantle of the building.

Environmental Constructing sector must respect the environment. As professionals we must seek design and construction methods in ways that preserve resources and the environment. That means using energy, water and other resources efficiently moreover reducing waste, pollution and environmental degradation.

• • • •

low carbon footprint integration of local environment green roofs and facades in-situ renewable energy sources

ENVIRONMENTAL FOOTPRINT

• • • •

Socio-cultural The key focus of sustainable sociocultural pillar is the user of a building.

The end-user’s well-being has a crucial role to play in the sustainable design.

Sustainable developments must promote and equalize ethnic, social and cultural diversity and should be designed universal for all.

Economic factors are about using buildings sensibly and looking at a property over its entire lifetime.

Sustainable buildings offer environment, where economy of local community can grow steadily. Moreover, buildings must offer great resistance on never-ending economic changes with its flexible design.

SOCIAL ADAPTABILITY

innovative energy-saving solutions material reuse recycling methods optimization promoting urban farming

ENVIRONMENTAL OPTIMISATION

Economic

• empowerment • ethnic, social and cultural inclusion • equity

• • • •

accessibility design for all spreading awareness simple and intuitive

• • • •

promote recycling low-tech maintenance integrated mobility infrastructure centralized smart control systems

• • • • • •

visual comfort user control thermal comfort acoustic comfort natural ventilation (cross ventilation) emissions control

SOCIAL ACCESSIBILITY

• • • •

resistant to economic changes programmatic flexibility commercial viability promoting DIY (do it yourself)

FINANCIAL FLEXIBILITY

• • • •

Technological Lately new building technologies have been constantly developed and have allowed more efficient construction methods, optimized building operation and reduced maintenance, but have remained user friendly. Furthermore state-of-the art building technologies protects occupant health and improving employee productivity.

BUILDING TECHNOLOGY INTEGRATION

economic growth stable development promoting circular economy reasonable construction and logistics BUILDING TECHNOLOGY FOR HUMAN WELL-BEING

FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE

Design process While designing sustainable development end-users should be involved in the early stages of design. Only with the comprehensive and strong project brief, project can be really done sustainable according to all the dwellers´ needs.

• comprehensive project brief • aspects considered in first phases • participatory design

DESIGN IDEA

• • • •

DOMUS sustainability pillars

DESIGN IMPLEMENTATION

systematic commissioning multidisciplinary design systematic design procedure use of digital fabrication

Index

ID

Project name

Architects

01 TILA Open Building Concept Talli Architects 02 MODULI 225 Gullichsen & Palasmaa 03 Wohnprojekt Einszueins Architektur 04 Mehr als Wohnen DUPLEX architekten 05 Eksperiment Boliger Nøysom arkitekter 06 U-build Studio BARK 07 FÌlledhaven DOMUS arkitekter

Sustainability level

01 TILA Open Buidling Concept Project data

Architects: Talli Architects, Helsinki Location: Helsinki, Finland Completion year: 2004

Photo credit: Courtesy of TALLI Architects

Project characteristics:

FINANCIAL FLEXIBILITY buying cheap raw spaces and DIY SOCIAL ADAPTABILITY ethnic and cultural diversity BUILDING TECHNOLOGY FOR HUMAN WELL-BEING natural lighting / ventilation DESIGN IDEA participatory design

Design idea Raw double height spaces with prefabricated bathrooms allow dwellers to make custom lofts

0

Building technology for human well-being Vast window opening allow good natural lighting and ventilation

10m

Before user’s infill (raw space)

Social adaptability Personalization and loft flexibility make room for inter-generational living

0

10m

After user’s infill (personalized living space)

02 MODULI 225 Project data

Architects: Kristian Gullichsen and Juhani Pallasmaa Location: Finland Completion year: 1968-72

Photo credit: architectuul

Project characteristics:

ENVIRONMENTAL FOOTPRINT low carbon footprint FINANCIAL FLEXIBILITY flexible modular design FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE soley using local economy to construct BUILDING TECHNOLOGY INTEGRATION state-of-the art modular construction

Environmental footprint Elevated from ground, using individual foundation allows building to be disassembled with minimal impact on site’s environment

Wooden spatial grid makes the construction system flexible

Financial flexibility Modular construction allows greater spatial flexibility

Financial performance Ease of fabriaction and construction boosts local economy

Modular construction allows greater programmatic flexibility

Building technology integration State-of-the-art wooden joints

03 Wohnprojekt Project data

Architects: Einszueins Architektur Location: Vienna, Austria Completion year: 2013

Photo credit: Courtesy of Einszueins Architektur

Project characteristics:

ENVIRONMENTAL OPTIMISATION urban gardening FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE marketing of the common spaces SOCIAL ADAPTABILITY ethnic and generational diversity SOCIAL ACCESSIBILITY universal design for all DESIGN IDEA participatory design

Design idea Participatory design in the early design stages Financial performance Common areas are put on market to lower the rent Social adaptability Strong community (social events, urban gardening, shared EV etc.)

Holistic approach, from sustainable design to sustainable usage

04 Mehr als Wohnen Project data

Architects: DUPLEX architekten Location: Zurich, Switzerland Completion year: 2015

Photo credit: Courtesy of DUPLEX architekten

Project characteristics:

SOCIAL ADAPTABILITY inter-generational diversity SOCIAL ACCESSIBILITY universal design for all DESIGN IDEA participatory design

A 9.85

31.66

21.81

B 5.10

B

B 14.0 m2

80/2.05

B

B

21.0 m2 8 0/2.05

41.8 m2

4.3 m2

70/2.05

70/2.05

70/2.05 70/2.05

70/2.05

80/2.05

18.9 m

22.8 m2

2

5.5 m2

3.8 m2

70/2.05 70/2.05

80/2.05

70/2.05

16.2 m2

B

14.1 m2

70/2.05

11.6 m2 4.0 m2 31.7 m2

3.8 m2

7 0/2 . 0 5

70/2.05 90/2.05

R B

7.5 m2

2.7 m2 80/2.05

4.3 m2 20.0 m2

L

a

/ Kiw robe

FT

90/2.05

Garde

80/2.05

T2

16.6 m2

Büro

9.7 m2 80/2.05

22.00

80/2.05

KIWA

48.7 m2

21.4 m2

6.1 m2

12.8 m2

90/2.05

25.90

14.9 m2

A.2.1

70/2.05 70/2.05

14.0 m2 80/2.05

B

4.3 m2 8 0/2.05

80/2.05

22.6 m2

4.2 m2

Waschraum

8 0/2.05 LR

10.9 m2

Treppenhaus T1

LR

4.6 m2

40.54

A.2.2

7 0/2 . 0 5

3.5 m2

3.8 m2

4.8 m2

70/2.05

8 0/2.05

70/2.05 90/2.05

70/2.05

A

10.0 m2

90/2.05

14.2 m2

B

14.1 m2

90/2.05

Trockenraum

70/2.05 70/2.05

L

Calmo 20cm

B

43.10

70/2.05

22.2 m2

B

KIWA

Garderobe Kiwa

80/2.05

4.8 m2

80/2.05

21.7 m2

/

gang

PLAN B Wohnungsein

20.6 m2

22.5 m2

9.6 m2

9.94

R

43.1 m2

3.4 m2 70/2.05

11.9 m2

Büro 80/2.05 8 0/2.05

47.3 m2

ngstrennwand

Wohnu PLAN B

4.3 m2

B

4.4 m2

80/2.05

70/2.05

7 0/2.05

19.4 m2

12.10

80/2.05

80/2.05

19.9 m2

6.3 m2

3.8 m2 80/2.05

4.1 m2

13.6 m2

8.60

Design idea Participatory design in the early design stages

8 0/2.05

80/2.05

B

20.7 m2

7 0/2.05

3.2 m2

29.8 m2

L

B

2.80 20.95

Social adaptability Fluid common areas support mutual inter-generational interaction

23.75

A 10m

0

DA + 21.25

DA + 21.25 OL + 20.80

PV + 20.35

PV + 20.35 DR + 19.90 = 445.62 Dachzentrale Lüftung

2.70

3.71

1.01

Dachzentrale Lüftung

3.02

2.70

32

5.OG +16.19

3.02

2.70

32

4.OG +13.17

3.02

2.70

32

19.90

3.OG +10.15

3.02

2.70

32

2.OG +7.13

Gang

R.

Garderobe

Bad

Garderobe

Küche

L.

1.OG +4.11

4.11

2.65

Zimmer 6

EG +/- 0.00 = 425.72

Treppenhaus

Korridor 2.20

2.85

65

1.46

HP +1.09

Atelier

Korridor

Technik H/S

Lager Gewerbefläche

UG -1.75

Korridor

UG -2.85

33

Schutzraum

Veloraum

0

Private area Semi-private area (shared between 8-10 people) Shared area (shared by all inhabitants)

10m

05 Eksperiment Boliger Project data

Architects: Nøysom Arkitekter Location: Trondheim, Norway Completion year: 2017

Photo credit: Courtesy of Nøysom Arkitekter

Project characteristics:

ENVIRONMENTAL FOOTPRINT low carbon footprint ENVIRONMENTAL OPTIMISATION material reuse FINANCIAL FLEXIBILITY solely build by dwellers (DIY) BUILDING TECHNOLOGY FOR HUMAN WELL-BEING natural ventilation using low-tech solutions DESIGN IDEA participatory design DESIGN IMPLEMENTATION democratic running of the community

Organisation behind the project during the design, construction and usage Environmental footprint Material used in the construction is mainly wood, which lowers the project´s carbon footprint

Environmental optimisation Material used in the interior is mainly reused and recycled Financial flexibility DIY approach makes the dwellings financially affordable for young families

Natural ventilation using low-tech solutions

06 U-Build Project data

Architects: Studio BARK Location: United Kingdom Completion year: 2018

Photo credit: Courtesy of U-build

Project characteristics:

ENVIRONMENTAL FOOTPRINT low carbon footprint FINANCIAL FLEXIBILITY unique DIY technique DESIGN IDEA parametric design tool DESIGN IMPLEMENTATION use of digital fabrication

210 240 210

Environmental optimisation Wooden load bearing elements are also elements of interior design (low carbon footprint) 240 480 270

Parametric design tool used in early design process

Financial flexibility Unique DIY approach makes the dwellings financially affordable and easy to self construct

07 Fælledhaven Project data

Architects: DOMUS arkitekter Location: Copenhagen, Denmark Completion year: 2006

Photo credit: Courtesy of DOMUS arkitekter

Project characteristics:

ENVIRONMENTAL OPTIMISATION urban gardens in the voids FINANCIAL FLEXIBILITY flexible ’open plan’ floorplans FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE prefabricated elements SOCIAL ADAPTABILITY mix of public, semi-public and private areas DESIGN IDEA access walkways become hang out areas

Social meeting points Design idea Access walkways are partially extended, forming a cosy hang-out areas with semi-private atmosphere Financial performance Building construction was optimised using the prefabricated elements

Environmental optimisation Voids in the building are used for urban gardens bringing greenery on the dwellers’ doorfronts Public area Semi-private area (access walkways turned into semi-private garden) Private area

CREDITS PUBLISHED BY DOMUS university CO-EDITORS Karen Norheim Ask (issue 1) Peter Kovac (issue 1) MENTOR Frida Vang Petersen INDEX ILLUSTRATION rawpixel.com / Freepik COVER ILLUSTRATION Karen Norheim Ask

New Ways of Living issue 1 JUNE 2020