Protein Producers Summer 2017

PROTEIN producers

Feedlot Cow-Calf Swine Dairy Equine Summer 2017

TM

Rest Easy Healthy Cattle At Work Protecting your cattle investment requires strong, BRD treatment and control.

Enroflox® 100 Injection V V

Single-Dose BRD Treatment & Control

V

(enrof loxacin 100 mg/mL)

Available in 100 mL, 250 mL and 500 mL Bottles

Same Active Ingredient & Dosing Regimen as Baytril®100 Injection in beef and non-lactating dairy cattle

l 500 mW NO BLE A AVAIL

Enroflox 100 (enrofloxacin) ®

www.norbrookinc.com Federal law restricts this drug to use by or on the order of a licensed veterinarian. Federal law prohibits the extra-label use of this drug in food-producing animals. Cattle intended for human consumption must not be slaughtered within 28 days from the last treatment. This product is not approved for female dairy cattle 20 months of age or older, including dry dairy cows. Use in these cattle may cause drug residues in milk and/or calves born to these cows. A withdrawal period has not been established in pre-ruminating calves. Do not use in calves to be processed for veal. Use with caution in animals with known or suspected CNS disorders. Observe label directions and withdrawal times. See product labeling for full product information.

The Norbrook logos and Enroflox are registered trademarks of Norbrook Laboratories Limited. Baytril is a registered trademark of Bayer Animal Health.

0517-495-I02A

FOR VETERINARY USE ONLY

ANADA 200-495, Approved by FDA

Enroflox® 100 (enrofloxacin)

100 mg/mL Antimicrobial Injectable Solution For Subcutaneous Use in Beef Cattle, Non-Lactating Dairy Cattle and Swine Only.

Not for Use in Female Dairy Cattle 20 Months of Age or Older Or In Calves To Be Processed For Veal.

Brief Summary: Before using Enroflox® 100, consult the product insert, a summary of which follows.

CAUTION: Federal (U.S.A.) law restricts this drug to use by or on the order of a licensed veterinarian. Federal (U.S.A.) law prohibits the extra-label use of this drug in food-producing animals.

PRODUCT DESCRIPTION: Each mL of Enroflox 100 contains 100 mg of enrofloxacin.

Excipients are L-arginine base 200 mg, n-butyl alcohol 30 mg, benzyl alcohol (as a preservative) 20 mg and water for injection q.s.

INDICATIONS: Cattle - Single-Dose Therapy: Enroflox 100 is indicated for the treatment of bovine respiratory disease (BRD) associated with Mannheimia haemolytica, Pasteurella multocida, Histophilus somni and Mycoplasma bovis in beef and non-lactating dairy cattle; and for the control of BRD in beef and non-lactating dairy cattle at high risk of developing BRD associated with M. haemolytica, P. multocida, H. somni and M. bovis.

Cattle - Multiple-Day Therapy: Enroflox 100 is indicated for the treatment of bovine respiratory disease (BRD) associated with Mannheimia haemolytica, Pasteurella multocida and Histophilus somni in beef and non-lactating dairy cattle.

Swine: Enroflox 100 is indicated for the treatment and control of swine respiratory disease (SRD) associated with Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae, Pasteurella multocida, Haemophilus parasuis and Streptococcus suis.

RESIDUE WARNINGS: Cattle: Animals intended for human consumption must not be slaughtered within 28 days from the last treatment. This product is not approved for female dairy cattle 20 months of age or older, including dry dairy cows. Use in these cattle may cause drug residues in milk and/or in calves born to these cows. A withdrawal period has not been established for this product in pre-ruminating calves. Do not use in calves to be processed for veal.

Swine: Animals intended for human consumption must not be slaughtered within 5 days of receiving a single-injection dose.

HUMAN WARNINGS: For use in animals only. Keep out of the reach of children.

Avoid contact with eyes. In case of contact, immediately flush eyes with copious amounts of water for 15 minutes. In case of dermal contact, wash skin with soap and water. Consult a physician if irritation persists following ocular or dermal exposures. Individuals with a history of hypersensitivity to quinolones should avoid this product. In humans, there is a risk of user photosensitization within a few hours after excessive exposure to quinolones. If excessive accidental exposure occurs, avoid direct sunlight. For customer service, to obtain a copy of the Safety Data Sheet (SDS) or to report adverse reactions, call Norbrook at 1-866-591-5777.

PRECAUTIONS: The effects of enrofloxacin on cattle or swine reproductive performance, pregnancy and lactation have not been adequately determined.The long-term effects on articular joint cartilage have not been determined in pigs above market weight.Subcutaneous injection can cause a transient local tissue reaction that may result in trim loss of edible tissue at slaughter.

Enroflox 100 contains different excipients than other enrofloxacin products. The safety and efficacy of this formulation in species other than cattle and swine have not been determined.

Quinolone-class drugs should be used with caution in animals with known or suspected Central Nervous System (CNS) disorders. In such animals, quinolones have, in rare instances, been associated with CNS stimulation which may lead to convulsive seizures. Quinolone-class drugs have been shown to produce erosions of cartilage of weight-bearing joints and other signs of arthropathy in immature animals of various species. See Animal Safety section for additional information.

ADVERSE REACTIONS: No adverse reactions were observed during clinical trials.

ANIMAL SAFETY: In cattle safety studies, clinical signs of depression, incoordination and muscle fasciculation were observed in calves when doses of 15 or 25 mg/kg were administered for 10 to 15 days. Clinical signs of depression, inappetance and incoordination were observed when a dose of 50 mg/kg was administered for 3 days.

An injection site study conducted in feeder calves demonstrated that the formulation may induce a transient reaction in the subcutaneous tissue and underlying muscle.

In swine safety studies, incidental lameness of short duration was observed in all groups, including the saline-treated controls. Musculoskeletal stiffness was observed following the 15 and 25 mg/kg treatments with clinical signs appearing during the second week of treatment. Clinical signs of lameness improved after treatment ceased and most animals were clinically normal at necropsy. An injection site study conducted in pigs demonstrated that the formulation may induce a transient reaction in the subcutaneous tissue.

Norbrook Laboratories Limited, Newry, BT35 6PU, Co. Down, Northern Ireland I02 September 2016 The Norbrook logos and Enroflox® are registered trademarks of Norbrook Laboratories Limited.

PROTEIN Producers 2017 Volume 5 Issue 2 Editor: Kelly Terrell Associate Editor: Lisa Taylor Editorial Assistant: Brandi Bain

THE PAC TEAM Dr. Wade Taylor Technology identification and deployment Dr. Tom Noffsinger Animal handling, staff development Dr. Doug Ford Reproduction, lameness Dr. Corbin Stevens Diagnostics and clinical evaluation Dr. Nels Lindberg Leadership development, field research Dr. Kip Lukasiewicz Animal handling, field research, facility design Dr. Jim Lowe System design and management, team education Dr. Shane Terrell Feedlot lameness, field research Dr. Kev Sullivan International veterinarian Animal handling, heat stress management Dr. Dan Thomson Field research, team education Dr. Tom Edwards Associate member Ultrasound technology, feedlot lameness Dr. Matt Fruge Associate member Ted Howard Animal stewardship, horsemanship Jose Valles Bilingual education & training, research monitoring Garrett Taylor Information management Kelly Terrell Marketing and communications Lisa Taylor Business and data analysis Brandi Bain Marketing and business administration

We want to showcase unique photographs from our readers here!

Please submit your photographs to Kelly Terrell at kelly.terrell@pacdvms.com.

Hansen 77 Ranch North Platte, NE

Senator Tom Hansen Eric Hansen

14 17 Contents

27 21

33

13 Animal Stewardship:

21 Cow-Calf:

14 Animal Stewardship:

23 Chuckles from Down Under

17 Faciltiy Design:

24 Cow-Calf:

18 Chuckles from Down Under

25 Newest PAC Members

19 You Can’t Take It with You, But...

27 Clinical Case Review:

We Assume Too Much

The Land Down Under was Uplifting

Staging Pens

Nutrition Impacts Feedlot Health, Part 3: Receiving Nutrition

To Estrus Detect or Not Was the Question

Calf Diphtheria in Feeder Cattle

35

39 40

Summer 2017 29 Chuckles from Down Under

37 Cartoon by Doug Gaswick

30 Revisión de Caso Clínico:

38 Reinforcing Our Workforce

Difteria de Becerros en Ganado de Engorda

39 Getting to Know the PAC Team: Dr. Matt Fruge

33 Leadership:

Be There in Times of Crisis

35 Distinguished Alumnus Award

Dr. Nels N. Lindberg - DVM 2001

40 The Pot Roast

Discovering Recipes from Agriculture’s Finest

43 Calendar

OTHER BRD TREATMENTS WERE 50% AS EFFECTIVE AS DRAXXIN® IN SEVERAL STUDIES.

Treat bovine respiratory disease (BRD) the right way with DRAXXIN® (tulathromycin) Injectable Solution. DRAXXIN demonstrated 50% fewer re-treats and 50% fewer dead or chronic animals1 versus competitive products in several large pen studies.2 Which means your cattle stay healthier, and that helps keep your bottom line healthier, too.

BRD SOLUTIONS FROM ZOETIS

Get the numbers on DRAXXIN at draxxin.com.

IMPORTANT SAFETY INFORMATION: DRAXXIN has a pre-slaughter withdrawal time of 18 days in cattle.

Do not use in female dairy cattle 20 months of age or older. Do not use in animals known to be hypersensitive to the product. See Brief Summary of Prescribing Information on adjacent page and full Prescribing Information at draxxin.com/pi.

1

Data on file, Study Report Nos. 1133R-60-05-491, A131R-US-12-028, 2132T-60-01-050, 1133R-60-02-376, 2132T-60-01-063, 1133R-60-03-388 and 11RGDRA01, Zoetis Services LLC.

2

Data on file, Study Report Nos. 1133R-60-05-491, 1133R-60-05-492, 1133R-60-05-493, A131R-US-12-028, 2132T-60-01-050, 1133R-60-02-376, 2132T-60-01-063 and 1133R-60-03-388, Zoetis Services LLC.

All trademarks are the property of Zoetis Services LLC or a related company or a licensor unless otherwise noted. © 2016 Zoetis Services LLC. All rights reserved. DRX-00120

Welcome Welcome to the Summer 2017 edition of Protein Producers. It seems that each new year in agriculture presents us with new challenges. Late winter and early spring on the Great Plains exposed many of our producers to adversity.

Fires have ravaged ranches in Texas, Kansas and Oklahoma, and the western Kansas feedlot corridor endured one of the most difficult spring blizzards in recent memory. As I am writing this letter, we received word that one of our PAC client feedyards was struck by a tornado last evening.

The good news is that with each tragic event, there are always showers of blessings. Just the other night, I was having dinner with some farmers and ranchers, and we were discussing how difficult the weather has been over the past several months. The wife of a local rancher commented on how amazing people in agriculture are when it comes to helping each other during difficult times. I couldn’t agree more.

We are truly blessed to work with operations full of wonderful, generous and caring people. As we celebrate Memorial Day each year, we should all remember why we have the ability to provide wholesome protein to the people of the United States and to the world. The PAC team would like to send out a special “thank you” to all who serve our country.

They keep us safe so we can continue to do our work. What an unbelievable privilege it is to live in this great nation.

The Production Animal Consultation team held their annual spring beef summit in Kearney, Nebraska, on April 4th with a successful attendance of over 180 producers and caregivers. Dr. Pete Anderson did a nice job of educating attendees about the biology of developing a feeder steer into a finished steer, while Dr. Simone Holt discussed how to alleviate heat stress for finished cattle. We learned about stressors that the immune system endures while cattle are being finished from Dr. Chris Chase, and Dr. Kev Sullivan finished up the morning discussing heat stress and shipping.

Amberley Snyder kicked off the afternoon session with her compelling life story of courage while overcoming tremendous adversity. Ted Howard and Dr. Tom Noffsinger discussed correct pen emptying and cattle handling during shipping. We also had a loading demonstration in the arena with the help of Daniels Manufacturing, who provided the portable facilities. Ward Carpenter graciously had two cattle trailers on-site for attendees to walk through, showing the differences between a conventional and a modified trailer.

This modification has proven to reduce bruising during loading and unloading.

On behalf of the PAC team, I would like to thank all of our sponsors for helping us provide this educational opportunity. We appreciate everyone who took time out of their

busy schedules to attend.

Our next beef summit will take place on July 13th in Oberlin, Kansas, and will focus on how producers and caregivers can positively influence the end product with teamwork. We will feature experts from the packing industry, including a veterinary inspector, a procurement specialist to discuss market demands, a meat scientist to educate us on what’s new in the industry, and a professional beef advocate to help us all become better spokespersons. There will also be some interesting new imagery of the bovine upper respiratory tract, and you may even get a glimpse of a new GPS technology we have been working on over the last several months. Our keynote speaker will be Ted Cunningham, who is a nationally recognized leadership expert and relationship comedian. Ted will provide us with new tools that encourage us to become better personally and professionally. We are excited to bring this information-packed meeting to you and hope you will join us for a great day of education and fellowship.

Our hope is that this magazine provides a unique presentation of animal stewardship for our feedyard, dairy, swine and cow-calf producers. We intend for it to be an additional resource for the producers we help and a supplement to our monthly operation visits and annual summit meetings.

I look forward to seeing all of you in Oberlin this summer.

Dr. Corbin Stevens

To subscribe to Protein Producers visit pacdvms.com and click on our Subscribe link!

Follow us on Twitter @PACVets

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Contributors Dr. Rick Funston

Dr. Funston is the Reproductive Physiologist at the University of Nebraska’s West Central Research and Extension Center. He received his Ph.D. in Reproductive Biology, from the University of Wyoming in 1993 and continued his postdoctoral work in reproduction/biotechnology at Colorado State University.

His research interests include heifer development and re-breeding of the first-calf heifer.

Dr. Jeremy Martin

Dr. Martin is a nutritionist with Great Plains Livestock Consulting, Inc. and resides in Lexington, NE. He has a Masters and Ph.D. in ruminant nutrition and reproductive management from the University of Nebraska-Lincoln.

The Pot Roast

We want to showcase the talented chefs that read our magazine. In this issue we are featuring Arturo and Wrenn Pacheco who run cattle in the Flint Hills of Kansas while also maintaining a fun and unique cooking blog which can be found at cookingwiththe cowboy.com. If you have a recipe that you would like to feature in The Pot Roast section of the magazine, please email us at kelly.terrell@pacdvms.com.

Our goal is to continue discovering recipes from agriculture’s finest.

Thank you to all those contributing multiple stories and insights to Protein Producers.

Cover Photo Credits: Thank you to Darcy Howard from Oakley, KS for the photograph that was taken in Australia. Read more about their trip on page 14.

Thank you to all sponsors for supporting PAC & Protein Producers.

Alltech American Animal Health Animal Health International Bayer Boehringer Ingelheim Chr. Hansen Daniels Manufacturing Co. Diamond V DOCTalk Elanco Lallemand Micro Technologies Midwest NetPro Newport Laboratories Norbrook Nova Microbial Technologies Randall Bumgarner SSG Fusion Zinpro Zoetis

pacdvms.com 11

We Assume Too Much By: Ted Howard, Production Animal Consultation Have you ever sent a text message that was taken out of context? Have you ever received a text message that you misunderstood? In each instance ASSUMPTION was the culprit. Unless we ask enough questions or analyze the big picture we will not always react appropriately based on our initial assumption.

I have had some stockmen tell me that it has taken up to two weeks to get their horse to work a gate. Unfortunately, as we go into our pens we assume our horses understand how each gate needs to be handled. Being able to work in different yards, I have seen all different kinds of gate configurations. By understanding how to ask a horse to move his body properly, we can help our horse to understand how to maneuver appropriately, no matter how the gate is setup.

As we ride through our pens, often times we assume our horse understands which calf we have identified to pull. We need to be patient with our horse until he has realized which animal we are after. As we walk our cattle to the gate we must position our horse at a 30-degree angle so our cattle can see us easily. Too often we assume that the horse would understand the appropriate angle.

Once we have our pull close to the gate, we stop and open the pen gate; we assume the calf being pulled knows that the gate is open at that moment. The mere act of opening a gate in the vicinity of the calf being pulled does not ensure the calf understands that the gate is open.

When we don’t empty a pen correctly where the cattle flow out smoothly, we cannot assume that the cattle at the back of the pen understand the gate is open. We need to recognize that each animal must be assured the gate is open for a successful pen emptying.

Sometimes I assume that the stockmen/women understand more about the topic we are discussing and I don’t always start at the beginning in the training. I have learned that when this happens, I need to back up and reestablish the groundwork so that everyone is on the same page. So no matter what you are doing – texting, opening gates horseback or pulling cattle – don’t let assumption cause you frustration.

pacdvms.com 13

Animal Stewardship

The Land Down Under was Uplifting By: Darcy Howard, Production Animal Consultation I was fortunate to experience the trip of a lifetime accompanying Ted Howard and Dr. Kip Lukasiewicz to Australia on a working visit. Dr. Kev Sullivan greeted us off a 13-hour flight at the Brisbane Airport and the adventure began… on the left side of the road.

We traveled through the beautiful foliage-covered Great Dividing Range on our journey to Dr. Kev’s home in Bell, Queensland. We all kept a sharp eye out for kangaroos and wallabies. However, seeing none, we started to question if the elusive kangaroo was simply an Australian myth.

The quaint rural town of Bell (population 550) is nestled in the western foothills of the Bunya Mountains. Dr. Kev and Jane Sullivan graciously hosted us in their charming home, Dolce Donum. We were welcomed by the wonderful staff at Bell Veterinary Services. We enjoyed visiting with these busy and passionate animal stewards.

Dr. Kev toured Dr. Kip and Ted to the Dalby Regional Saleyards where every Wednesday five to seven thousand head are auctioned. We were greeted by Frank and Lynn Ashman providing coffee and our first ever scones (Australian biscuit with jam and cream). Dr. Kip and Ted discussed low stress cattle handling options for their new sale barn facilities.

Then we embarked on the feed yard tours and training.

Our first stop was Aronui Feedyard. Dr. Kip worked closely

with the stockmen on loading out fat cattle in double-decked side load trailers. The cattle trailers were very different from those we have in the United States.

Ted sported his first ever riding helmet as he worked with the stockmen in the pens. Riding an Australian saddle was a new experience as well. He appreciated the o-ring bits and horsemanship from the crew. The people were amazing.

Next stop was Rangers Valley near Glen Innes, New South Wales. The countryside was magnificent and the rainy weather was refreshing. Rangers Valley hosted a two-day seminar on nutrition, hoof care, horse teeth maintenance, horsemanship and stockmanship practices.

Dr. Kip worked extensively in the processing barn’s bud box loading cattle into the working alley. He spent time with each stockman explaining pressure and release principles.

Ted demonstrated acclimating and exercising in the pens with the stockmen. Ted also spent one afternoon working with individual’s horses. Each horse brought a different opportunity for teaching horsemanship.

We learned that cattle heading to slaughter must be washed and clean. The washing station would wash up to eighty head of fats at one time over a few hours. The cattle then were taken to wood chipped pens under a shed where they would reside for a few weeks until being shipped.

We stayed in the original headquarters at Rangers Valley.

The Australian history and heritage of this great home was apparent throughout from the ornate fire place to the brick

covered courtyard. Sensing the history in the original shearing sheds and shearers’ quarters was truly an unforgettable experience. However, the best part of Rangers Valley was the people.

At this point in the adventure Dr. Kip headed home to the United States, but not before he got to experience a rugby match. He ate the traditional meat pie like an Australian native. It was a pleasure traveling with Dr. Kip; however one must remember he requires very little sleep (so don’t sit by him on a 13-hour plane ride).

Dr. Kev, Ted and I left for a little holiday in Dubbo, New South Wales. We spent the morning learning all about the Australian flora and fauna from Dr. Kev at the Taronga Western Plains Zoo. Ted and I enjoyed the native Australian animal exhibit. Finally we could study the wallaby and kangaroo up close (even though we did see them in the wild as well, not a myth). There is no better guide than Dr. Kev… if you can keep up the quick pace!

Ted and Dr. Kev spent a day at the Jindalee Feedyard.

Ted enjoyed riding an American stock saddle at this location. He spent time with the crew exercising, acclimating and emptying pens. They gathered cattle out in a pasture. At the end of the day Ted spent time in the round pen working with numerous horses. This crew was a pleasure for Ted to work with.

We spent a day traveling back north to Dr. Kev’s home in Bell. We continued to listen to the weather reports on Cyclone Debbie that was approaching the Queensland coast a few hours from Dr. Kev’s home. Those reports sounded much like this: “Tropical Cyclone Debbie slammed into northeastern Australia with wind gusts as high as 161 mph; as many as 25,000 residents have been evacuated.” Needless to say we were tuned in.

After much deliberation, Dr. Kev decided we could make it to Brindley Park Feedyard near Roma, Queensland.

Ted spent some time with the stockmen and women in the pens demonstrating how to acclimate and empty pens. They worked on pulling individual cattle and many of the techniques required for low stress cattle handling. Ted worked on some horsemanship with their horses. It was also a pleasure to watch Dr. Kev acclimate cattle in the pens.

We spent the last few days rained out of any more feed yards. We enjoyed time in Bell, and Dr. Kev took us to Toowoomba to a Stock Show. It was a delight to watch some stock dog trials, a horse shoeing competition, a dairy cow show as well as observing the livestock. On the last morning Jane escorted me to a great market. Vendors sold everything from love birds to kangaroo bones for your dog to chew. I failed to mention to Ted I purchased a backpack full of Australian books that we lugged as carryon on numerous flights. Dr. Kev did impress upon me that some things that happen on the tour stay on the tour...So with that I will come to a close.

This was a trip of a lifetime. The most rewarding memory we will always reflect on is the relationships with the people. The Australian people were open-minded and curious about our agriculture practices as well as our politics. They afforded us a genuineness and warmth that we recognize throughout our agriculture community in the United States.

No matter which continent we reside on, we share a passion for producing a safe product in a meaningful manner. The Land Down Under was truly uplifting.

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Staging Pens By: Dr. Kip Lukasiewicz, Production Animal Consultation In previous issues, we discussed two important considerations when designing cattle handling facilities: reviewing the tasks to be performed in the facility and selecting a site for the facility. Now it is time to design the layout of the facility itself, including the staging pens, alleys, Bud Box and chute.

The first area of focus is the staging area. Staging pens are the pens in which cattle are gathered before being moved through the alley to the Bud Box. Most staging pens are designed in a herringbone fashion, angled to the alley leading to the Bud Box, and they are typically 12 to 16 feet wide (figure 1).

Figure 1: Traditional herringbone staging pens

Ideally, the staging pen is square or rectangular, measuring 30 or 40 feet in length and 30 feet in width. This extra width allows handlers to interact with sensitive cattle from a greater distance, but the handler must be experienced in using proper positioning to empty the pen. The staging pen should be approximately 20 to 30 feet from the Bud Box, giving cattle time to commit to an area prior to entering the barn without creating a long distance for handlers to travel when moving cattle from the staging area to the Bud Box. Each end of the staging pen should have two gates – one gate for cattle to enter the pen and one gate for cattle to exit the pen (figure 2). The alley leading to the Bud Box is typically 12 to 14 feet wide.

When moving cattle out of a staging pen, the handler should be positioned on the inside corner of the turn into the alley. For example, if cattle need to turn left into the alley, the handler should stand on the left side of the cattle, pacdvms.com 17

Figure 3: Handler positioned on inside corner of turn into alley when emptying staging pens

Figure 2: Staging pens with two gates on each end, allowing cattle to enter and exit the pen on the same end

from a handler inside the staging pen, the handler can work from outside the pen.

Staging pens designed with cattle instincts in mind and proper emptying of staging pens will improve safety of both cattle and caregivers and set the stage for natural cattle flow through subsequent facilities including the Bud Box, which we will discuss in the next issue.

Chuckles From Down Under

pressure against them, and allow them to circle around to the left (figure 3). This positioning takes advantage of cattle’s natural instinct to circle around their point of focus, the handler. Once properly positioned, the handler must wait to gain the focus of the cattle at the gate they will exit through; this is referred to as locking onto the handler. The handler then applies pressure to the front of the group of cattle, asking for movement. The handler should never work from behind the cattle. As the cattle begin to move, the handler moves with them to release pressure on the remainder of the group. This release of pressure creates separation within the group and allows the handler to step in and take the appropriate number of cattle that will fit in the alley at one time.

Staging pens and alleys should be open sided rather than solid sided. Open sides allow cattle to see through, eliminating blind ends and solid walls that cause cattle to turn and return where they come from. The open sides also help cattle to feel less pressure. If cattle are too sensitive to pressure

By: Jane Sullivan, Bell Veterinary Services A little girl was sitting on her grandfather’s lap as he read her a bedtime story.

From time to time, she would take her eyes off the book and reach up to touch his wrinkled cheek. She was alternately stroking her own cheek, then his again.

Finally she spoke up, “Grandpa, did God make you?”

“Yes, sweetheart,” he answered, “God made me a long time ago.”

“Oh,” she paused. “Grandpa, did God make me too?”

“Yes, indeed, honey,” he said, “God made you just a little while ago.”

Feeling their respective faces again, she observed, “God’s getting better at it, isn’t he?”

You Can’t Take It with You, But...

By: Dr. Greg Quakenbush, Geissler Corp., & Dr. Doug Ford, Production Animal Consultation Two old friends, Rob and Jon, had gotten back together at a high school reunion to reminisce over old times and get caught up on both current and future events. Jon remembered Rob as being self-centered and their reunion demonstrated that Rob had seemingly changed little. Rob explained that evening how he had become a self-made man, and from what Jon could ascertain, he had burned just about everyone and everything in his quest for success.

After an evening of too many drinks, Rob greatly surprised Jon when he stated that upon his death, he had made plans to take his wealth with him. Jon laughed and stated that “taking it with you” was impossible and challenged his old friend that he was talking like a ‘crazy person’. Rob noted that he was perfectly sound of mind and that time would show that he had this figured out.

As you might expect, Rob died not too much later and Jon, out of a sense of duty, decided to attend the viewing at the mortuary. Jon could not help but notice that no one else had signed the guest book and he appeared to be the lone visitor. As Jon came forward to view the body he was caught off guard as he observed that tucked in tight next to Ron’s corpse were bags filled with cash, gold, silver and other precious items. Jon never seriously considered his old classmate’s intent to hoard his wealth into the grave. He was obviously taking it with him; however common sense indicated that it would be a short trip.

The above story may seem somewhat exaggerated, yet it is very likely we all know someone somewhat like Rob. It is easy to judge Rob a fool, but there is an underlying reality that plagues most of us mortals. That is our seemingly overly selfish attachment to “things” and money.

In contrast to the previous tragic story of Rob, a different but true story recently made the newspaper. A remembrance for a 91-year-old farmer had recently been placed in a local newspaper, which spoke of the deceased’s wonderful nature and generosity. It seems that over the years this individual had consistently been a “giver” versus an “accumulator”. As one example, it was noted that the most popular place to be each Halloween was his farm, as he always spent a great deal of time decorating and creating a special environment for the kids in the community.

In what was surely an unscripted event, the article noted that the farmer had recently purchased a lottery ticket at a rural gas station. To his amazement he won the top prize of

$30,000. After the announcement of his winning, he was quoted joking with his friends saying, “At my age I’m going to get the money right away.” Three weeks after receiving his winnings the gentleman died.

It seems strange that friends would mention a lottery winning as part of a life remembrance article. However, in the short time the old farmer had ownership of the lottery winnings before his death, he had managed to give all of the winning proceeds away. He was known for his generosity and this act was the final proof.

In the closing of this newspaper account of this 91-yearold farmer, it was noted that his funeral service was large and “the church was full”. “That is quite a testament to a man who never married, never had any kids of his own,” commented one relative. A large crowd at a 91-year-old’s funeral is a testament to not only his generosity, but also a life well lived. What a man “is” survives him.

All of this makes one wonder how large Rob’s funeral service might have been and how his obituary might have ultimately read. Was his a life well lived?

The Bible has a lot to say about money and treasure.

What is clear is that only those things done for others and with a right heart will remain for eternity. In regards to one’s “treasure” the Biblical principle might be stated best by saying, “You can’t take it with you… but you can send it ahead.” It’s kind of like “paying it forward” but with an eternal impact and perspective.

For your consideration: Matthew 6:19-21:19 “Do not lay up for yourselves treasures on earth, where moth and rust destroy and where thieves break in and steal,20 but lay up for yourselves treasures in heaven, where neither moth nor rust destroys and where thieves do not break in and steal.21 For where your treasure is, there your heart will be also. (ESV) 1 Timothy 6:17-19:17 Instruct those who are rich in this present world not to be conceited or to fix their hope on the uncertainty of riches, but on God, who richly supplies us with all things to enjoy.18 Instruct them to do good, to be rich in good works, to be generous and ready to share,19 storing up for themselves the treasure of a good foundation for the future, so that they may take hold of that which is life indeed. (NLT)

pacdvms.com 19

Nutrition Impacts Feedlot Health, Part 3: Receiving Nutrition By: Jeremy Martin, PhD, Great Plains Livestock Consulting Inc. and Zeb Prawl, Zinpro

So far in this series, we have looked at prenatal and preweaning nutrition and how that affects the later feedlot performance of calves. Nutritional management during the receiving phase at the feedlot is often debated between feedlot personnel, nutritionists and veterinarians – and is the phase that is probably the highest stress for both calves and the people responsible for their well-being.

In a perfect world, all calves received at a feedlot would be from well-managed cowherds with no shortage of nutrition or immunization prior to arrival and would possess the disposition, genetics and health status we all desire. Since that will likely never happen for us, this article focuses on how we can do the best job of receiving cattle that are unweaned prior to arrival.

Regardless of your specific nutrition program, cattle comfort is a key point in receiving calves. This begins with access to fresh, clean water immediately after unloading.

Your first contact with the calves during unloading, weighing, and penning is an opportunity to both evaluate the cattle and begin to acclimate them to your feedlot and your crew.

Do not take these steps lightly. Discuss them with your consultants to ensure the comfort and health of the cattle is being maintained at every step. Pens should be well prepared for new cattle with manure removed, holes filled and bunks and tanks clean. If pen conditions are less than ideal due to moisture, provide bedding so calves stay clean and dry. In the summer, bedding calves as an aid in preventing heat stress may be a good idea if shades are not present.

In terms of nutrition, the first step is just getting calves to eat, and they generally will not eat if they are thirsty.

Make sure calves are finding the tanks and are willing to drink out of them. You may have to utilize tanks similar to what calves are accustomed to in some cases. The next step should be to get the calves an initial feeding of clean, highly-palatable grass hay free of mold, stickers and dust.

This stimulates intake, helps calves find the bunk and helps equalize differences in gut fill to make sure calves are all starting on a level playing field.

Protein concentration in receiving rations varies substantially based on feedstuffs available, but protein generally needs to be higher in receiving rations to account for the limited intake expected from newly weaned calves. pacdvms.com 21

Review of data comparing protein source and concentration in receiving rations (Galyean et al, 1999) did not identify a source of protein more likely to keep calves healthy or produce improvements in average daily gain (ADG) or feed efficiency (FE) maintained throughout the feeding period.

Data (Galyean et al, 1993) comparing 12, 14 or 16% protein receiving rations with protein from soybean meal indicated improved performance for the higher protein ration, but feeding the 16% protein ration also resulted in increased morbidity during the receiving phase when fed to 400 lb calves. Further analysis of this and other data indicates BRD morbidity increases with increasing protein concentration above 14% from a variety of protein sources. Feeding protein lower than 14% in these trials also produced higher BRD morbidity than the 14% ration, indicating maintaining protein at 14+/-1% would be the optimal range for receiving calves.

Energy concentrations of rations for receiving cattle should be viewed more from a roughage inclusion basis rather than a strict Net Energy for Gain (NEg) number.

With variations in NEg values of certain byproducts available for feeding, it is hard to get a truly accurate reading on dietary energy levels in starting rations when using the Net Energy system. Rather, a level of roughage vs. concentrate in these diets has proven to be more effective in helping to predict both intake and performance of newly received cattle.

When formulating rations for incoming cattle, age and type of cattle can and will make a difference. Calves will require a slightly higher roughage level in the diet as compared to yearlings. In either case, a starting ration that contains 2550% roughage has been shown to do the best job at getting cattle on feed while also minimizing receiving period health risks in light, high risk, incoming calves (Rivera, et al, 2005).

When breaking it out by type, calves should be closer to the 40-50% roughage level in the starter diet while yearlings can better handle diets in the 25-40% roughage level. Additionally, work done by Berry and others (2003) showed that varied starch and energy levels in the starting diets did not significantly affect starting cattle performance or health.

This proves that one does not have to have a moderate level of corn in the starter diet to get calves to eat and/or gain during this period.

Additionally, not having a relatively high amount of corn in the starter diet might tend to make those diets a little “safer”. This could lead to less cases of acidosis during the starting phase, which not only will increase performance during the first 30-60 days on feed but also well into the finishing period as rumen integrity, including health of the rumen papillae, will be better. So, when looking at these two major areas of ration formulation, one can use a wide range

of high quality ingredients to formulate the starter diets and achieve desired animal performance.

Minerals often are some of the last nutrients considered when formulating starter diets for calves; however, they are very important. Calcium and phosphorus should be in a balance somewhere between 1.5:1 to 2:1 in the final diet.

With today’s high usage of grain by-products, particularly corn by-products, no supplemental phosphorus is usually needed in diet formulations. However, calcium does need to be supplemented to overcome the ratio imbalances. Magnesium and potassium should also be considered for newly arriving calves to help replenish electrolytes and cellular fluid balance in the body. Salt should also be considered for these same reasons, but salt levels should not exceed 0.450.5% in the diet.

Trace mineral nutrition continues to be an area of incoming calf health programs gaining more and more attention. The value of a good trace mineral program in all phases of beef cattle production has shown to have very positive effects on performance.

This is certainly true in receiving cattle. NRC recommendations of 30 ppm zinc, 10 ppm copper, 40 ppm manganese, and 0.1 ppm selenium are proving to be the bare minimums to maintain cattle without showing signs of deficiency. Higher levels of each of these minerals in the diet are proving to improve performance, particularly when coming from an organic, complexed source. The use of complexed, organic trace minerals in place of traditional inorganic sources in a 28-day starting program with high risk calves has been shown to cut morbidity rates in half while also increasing gains by as much as 0.42 lb/day (Dorton et al, 2006). The continued use of these products, particularly zinc, also improve finishing performance of the cattle later in their lives, therefore capturing value and carrying it all the way until harvest.

Vitamins play an important role in starting cattle performance but are some of the least researched nutrients when it comes to this stage of production for cattle. Rates of 60,000-100,000 IU/day of Vitamin A should be given to the calves. Vitamin D should be provided at 6,000-10,000 IU/day. Since Vitamin E has shown to contain antioxidant properties, higher feeding levels of it could have benefits to getting a boost in the immune system and fighting bacterial infections. Levels from 200 to 700 IU/day can be fed in newly received cattle.

The one area that should be monitored closely after the ration formulation is the ration delivery. It is better to underfeed a well formulated starter diet rather than overfeed it. A patterned approach should be taken that introduces the starter feed to a newly arrived calf and keeps them on a steadily increasing plane of feed intake for the first 21-28

days, rather than just trying to get them to eat all that they will clean up in a day. Specific goals for intake in newly arrived calves to the feedyard would be 2.0% of body weight in Dry Matter Intake by day 10, and then to at least maintain that level. For yearlings, this number could higher, such as 2.3%. There should also be guidelines put in place that limit the increase in feed offered from one day to the next. An example of this might be no more than a 10% increase in amount of dry matter offered to an animal from one day to the next.

Following these guidelines will result in unweaned calves not only getting on feed easier and quicker but also remaining healthier while performing better both in their first 30 days on feed and later into the finishing period.

Chuckles From Down Under By: Jane Sullivan, Bell Veterinary Services A teenager had just obtained his driver’s licence. He asked his father, a minister, if he could use the car.

His father said, “I’ll make a deal with you. You bring your grades up, study your Bible a little bit and get your hair cut and we’ll talk about it.”

After a month the boy came back to his father to discuss the use of the car again. His father said, “Son, I’ve been really proud of you. You have brought your grades up, you’ve studied your Bible diligently, but you didn’t get your hair cut!”

The young man waited for a moment and replied, “You know Dad, I’ve been thinking about that. Samson had long hair. Moses had long hair. Noah had long hair, and yes Jesus had long hair….”

To which his father replied, “Yes and they walked everywhere they went!”

Cow-Calf

To Estrus Detect or Not Was the Question Study by B.T. Tibbitts, T.L. Meyer, D.J. Kelly, and R.N. Funston. Summarized by Rick Funston, UNL Beef Reproductive Physiologist Reprinted with permission from Rick Funston.

Artificial insemination allows producers to utilize superior genetics for less than purchasing a herd sire of similar quality. Estrus synchronization can shorten the calving season, increase calf uniformity, and facilitate the use of AI. Estrus synchronization and AI require planning and additional time and labor, which are the most cited reasons why producers don’t use these reproductive technologies.

Fixed-time AI protocols eliminate estrus detection and reduce the number of times cattle are handled. Melengestrol acetate (MGA) is a progestin commonly used to synchronize estrus in beef heifers and has proven to be as effective as controlled internal drug release device in timed AI protocols in beef heifers.

A question remains whether there is opportunity to increase AI conception rates with estrus detection. The objective of the present study was to compare modified estrus detection vs a fixed timed AI MGA-prostaglandin F2α (PG) synchronization protocol.

Yearling, Angus-based crossbred heifers (n = 972) at the Kelley Ranch near Sutherland, NE, were fed to achieve 60% mature BW at breeding. Heifers were either developed in a drylot or a combination of dormant meadow and drylot.

All heifers were synchronized using a MGA-PG protocol (see http://beefrepro.unl.edu/resources.html).

Also at PG injection, estrus detection aids, or patches, were applied. At 72 hours after PG, all heifers in the fixed timed AI protocol received 2 mL GnRH injection and were AI. Heifers in the modified-time AI treatment were heat checked at 58 and 70 hours after PG. Heifers expressing estrus were sorted off.

Approximately 72 hours after PG, heifers were AI in the following order: heifers sorted off at the first heat check, heifers sorted off at the second heat check, and heifers not expressing estrus at either heat check. Heifers not expressing estrus did receive GnRH at AI. Prior to breeding, heifers weighed 62% of mature weight, based on 1,220 lb mature cow.

Heifers not heat checked were handled less, requiring less labor and time, and still achieved similar AI conception rates (62%) as heifers in the modified heat check/timed AI protocol.

Final pregnancy rates were similar as well (96%). Regardless of AI protocol, heifers in heat at AI had higher AI conception rates compared with non-estrus heifers. Reproductive technologies such as estrus synchronization and AI have limited adoption in the beef industry, partially due to added labor. Protocols that limit labor and cattle processing have a greater potential of being adopted.

This study provided a synchronization and AI protocol that limits cattle handling and eliminates estrus detection without compromising conception rates.

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Clinical Case Review: Calf Diphtheria in Feeder Cattle By: Dr. Kip Lukasiewicz, Dr. Tom Noffsinger, and Dr. Dan Thomson, Production Animal Consultation

Calf diphtheria is a disease that affects the larynx or voice box of cattle (figure 1). Most commonly, diphtheria cases occur in young, light weight cattle. The causative agent is a bacterium named Fusobacterium necrophorum which is an anaerobic organism that is also commonly cultured in foot rot and liver abscess cases.

Figure 1: Normal larynx and vocal folds identifying the narrowest portion of the respiratory system

Fusobacterium necrophorum is present in the environment and the gut of cattle without causing disease (a commensal organism). However, if some sort of insult or irritant creates an opportunity for these bacteria to colonize, a disease process can occur. Cuts in the skin between the hooves can lead to foot rot, and a small ulceration in the surface of the larynx can lead to calf diphtheria.

Cattle with diphtheria are first noticed by the sounds that occur when they try to breathe. The plaque that is formed by the bacteria growing on the larynx along with the swelling of the larynx itself obstructs the windpipe and makes it difficult for cattle to breathe.

The noise heard with diphtheria cases occurs when the cattle draw in a breath or inspire air. Noises heard during

pacdvms.com 27

inspiration indicate that the problem in the respiratory tract is not in the lungs and is located in the upper respiratory tract. Noises heard during expiration, or when the cattle breathe out, indicate the problem is located in the lungs or the lower respiratory tract. Cattle with diphtheria will exhibit difficult and noisy breathing patterns. They generally do not run a temperature or have any other clinical signs. These cattle can be confused with cattle suffering from tracheal edema, and proper diagnostic methods should be utilized to rule either of the syndromes out.

Recently, we had a feedlot experience a seasonal outbreak of calf diphtheria. It occurred in the spring of the year with cattle presenting with difficulty breathing, failure to respond to treatment with antibiotic and subsequent death. The veterinarians diagnosed calf diphtheria based on plaques and lesions found on necropsy at the feedlot (figure 2).

Figure 3: Acute, severe swelling of vocal folds seen in diphtheria cases; endoscope in place to collect tissue culture behind vocal folds

Figure 2: Post-mortem diphtheria ulcers and tissue edema Figure 4: Vocal fold swelling in less severe diphtheria case

However, the cultures coming back from the diagnostic laboratory were not positive Fusobacteria in the results.

Therefore, four head of cattle experiencing diphtheria clinical signs were transported to the Veterinary Health Center at Kansas State University College of Veterinary Medicine.

The cattle were 70 to 100 days on feed which was typical for what the cowboy and doctoring crew at the feedlot had been observing.

When the cattle arrived, they had normal rectal temperatures but were having difficulty breathing. Clinicians used an endoscope to examine the lesions in the upper respiratory tract in two of the four animals. Again, laryngeal plaques and swelling were present causing obstruction of the airway in both cattle examined (figures 3 and 4). Also, plaques were present in the lining of the nasal sinuses indicating a sinus infection (figure 5). Deep nasal swabs were used to culture the larynx and nasal passages of two of the cattle.

Nasal passages only were cultured in the two non-scoped steers. Blood samples were obtained for complete blood cell counts and serum biochemistry diagnostics.

Figure 5: Gray exudate from Fusobacterium necrophorum infection along sinus walls

All four cattle were positive for F. bacterium from the cultures taken at the KSU VHC. Not only did we isolate the Fusobacterium but in three of the steers no other bacteria were found in the nasal passages or the larynx.

Cattle had elevated white blood cell counts but most everything else was normal. Cattle were treated with dexamethasone to try to decrease the laryngeal swelling and treated with a macrolide to control the Fusobacteria. Cattle were transported back to the feedlot and responded well to therapy.

Questions exist on factors that predispose cattle to laryngeal infections and life threatening swelling of the vocal folds. Viral infections, feedstuff irritation, vasculitis and environmental irritants are possibilities.

Efforts are underway to survey and identify management factors that are common to operations with low diphtheria case incidence that contrast management factors in yards with higher incidence.

Chuckles From Down Under By: Jane Sullivan, Bell Veterinary Services

Getting in shape: A friend of mine had resisted efforts to get him to run with our jogging group until his doctor told him he had to exercise. Soon thereafter, he reluctantly joined us for our 5:30AM jogs on Mondays, Wednesdays and Fridays.

After a month of running, we decided that my friend might be hooked, especially when he said he had discovered what “runner’s euphoria” was.

“Runner’s euphoria,” he explained, “is what I feel at 5:30AM on Tuesdays, Thursdays and Saturdays.”

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As measured by body temperature, feed intake, injection-site reaction or white blood cell count. 2Terhaar, B. 2001.

Evaluating the effects of vaccine-induced stress on productivity. Study No. TR-13. Published by Agri Laboratories Ltd. Do not vaccinate within 21 days of slaughter. Elanco, Titanium® and the diagonal bar are trademarks owned or licensed

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1

Revisión de Caso Clínico: Difteria de Becerros en Ganado de Engorda Translation provided by: Jose Valles, Production Animal Consultation La difteria en becerros es una enfermedad que afecta la laringe o caja de voz del ganado (figura 1). Mas comúnmente, los casos de difteria ocurren en ganado joven y liviano. El agente causante es una bacteria llamada Fusobacterium necrophorum la cual es un organismo anaeróbico que también es comúnmente cultivado en casos de gabarro y abscesos hepáticos.

Figura 1: Laringe normal y pliegues vocales identificando la porción mas estrecha del sistema respiratorio

sonidos que ocurren cuando trata de respirar. La placa que se forma por la bacteria que crece en la laringe junto con la inflamación de la laringe misma obstruye la tráquea y hace que sea difícil para que el ganado respire.

El ruido que se escucha en los casos de difteria ocurre cuando el ganado inhala una respiración o inspiran aire. Los ruidos que se escuchan durante la inspiración indican que el problema en el tracto respiratorio no esta en los pulmones y se encuentra en el tracto respiratorio superior. Los ruidos que se escuchan durante la expiración, o cuando el ganado exhala, indica que el problema se encuentra en los pulmones o en el tracto respiratorio inferior. El ganado con difteria exhibirá patrones de respiración difíciles y ruidosos. Por lo general, no presentan fiebre o tienen cualquier otro signo clínico. Este ganado puede ser confundido con ganado que sufre de edema traqueal, y se deben utilizar métodos de diagnostico adecuados para descartar cualquiera de los síndromes.

Recientemente, tuvimos una experiencia en un corral de engorda un brote estacional de difteria en becerros. Ocurrió en la primavera del año con el ganado presentando dificultad para respirar, incapacidad de responder al tratamiento con antibiótico y muerte subsiguiente. Los veterinarios diagnosticaron la difteria en becerros en base a las placas y lesiones encontradas en necropsia realizada en el corral de engorda (figura 2).

Sin embargo, los cultivos que se recibieron de regreso del laboratorio de diagnostico no fueron positivas de Fusobacterium en los resultados. Por lo tanto, cuatro cabezas de ganado Figura 2: Ulceras de difteria y edema de tejido en etapa post-mortem

La Fusobacterium necrophorum se encuentra presente en el entorno e intestinos del ganado sin causar enfermedad (un organismo comensal). Sin embargo, si algún tipo de insulto o irritante crea una oportunidad para que esta bacteria se colonice, un proceso de enfermedad puede ocurrir. Las cortaduras en la piel entre las pezuñas puede conducir a gabarro, y una pequeña ulceración en la superficie de la laringe puede conducir a la difteria en becerros.

El ganado con difteria es notado por primera vez por los

presentando signos clínicos de difteria fueron trasladados al Centro de Salud Veterinaria en el Colegio de Medicina Veterinaria de la Universidad Estatal de Kansas. El ganado estaba entre los 70 y 100 días en alimentación, lo cual era típico para lo que los equipos de vaqueros y doctores del corral de engorda estaban observando.

Cuando el ganado llego, tenia temperaturas rectales normales, pero estaba teniendo dificultad para respirar. Los profesionales clínicos utilizaron un endoscopio para examinar las lesiones en el tracto respiratorio superior en dos de los cuatro bovinos. De nuevo, placas en la laringe e inflamación estaban presentes causando obstrucción en la vía respiratoria en ambos bovinos examinados (figuras 3 y 4). Además, las placas estaban presentes en el revestimiento de los senos nasales indicando una infección sinusal (figura 5). Se utilizaron hisopos nasales profundos para cultivar la laringe y los conductos nasales de los dos bovinos. Los conductos nasales solo se cultivaron en los dos novillos que no fueron examinados con endoscopio. Se obtuvieron muestras de Figura 3: Inflamación aguda y severa de los pliegues vocales observada en casos de difteria; endoscopio colocado para tomar cultivo de tejido detrás de los pliegues vocales

Figura 4: Inflamación de pliegue vocal en un caso de difteria menos severo

Figura 5: Exudado gris de infección de Fusobacterium necrophorum a lo largo de las paredes de los senos

sangre para un conteo completo sanguíneo y diagnostico bioquímico de suero .

Los cuatro bovinos fueron positivos de F. bacterium de acuerdo a los cultivos tomados en el Centro de Salud Veterinaria en la Universidad Estatal de Kansas. No solo aislamos la Fusobacterium sino en tres de los novillos ninguna otra bacteria fue encontrada en los conductos nasales o la laringe.

El ganado tenia conteos de glóbulos blancos elevados, pero casi todo lo demás era normal. El ganado fue tratado con dexametasona para intentar disminuir la inflamación de la laringe y tratado con un macrolido para controlar la Fusobacteria. El ganado fue trasladado de regreso al corral de engorda y respondió bien a la terapia.

Existen preguntas sobre factores que predisponen al ganado a las infecciones de la laringe y a la inflamación de los pliegues vocales mortal. Las infecciones virales, la irritación por alimentos, la vasculitis y los irritantes ambientales son posibilidades.

Se están haciendo esfuerzos para realizar una encuesta e identificar factores de manejo que son comunes en operaciones con baja incidencia de casos de difteria que contrastan con factores de manejo en corrales de engorda con mayor incidencia.

pacdvms.com 31

Leadership

Be There in Times of Crisis By: Dr. Nels Lindberg, Production Animal Consultation The last weekend of April was a weekend a number of people in the cattle feeding industry, as well as anyone raising beef cattle, would like to forget. This particular weekend, a late April blizzard created havoc and agony for more than just a day or two. The yard that I was visiting that Monday had more than 200 deads and needed help accounting for them. We needed to perform the necropsies necessary to fulfill insurance needs and help them get things cleaned up and back to normal as quickly as possible.

These sorts of events create great challenges for everyone involved, including managers, owners, cattle foremen, feed foremen, maintenance foremen, and everyone who helps get cattle fed and watered. We live in a very complex daily environment with many moving parts, but it is on these days that we fall back to the basics and are simply challenged to ensure that cattle are fed and watered. It can feel like it takes everything within our power to do so. Generators are running entire mills. Feed trucks and pay loaders are hard to start if they were not plugged in. Tractors have to clean feet of snow. Some feed trucks have to be pulled down the alley by a tractor just to get feed out. Water lines often break, and water tanks with malfunctioning floats need freezing hands to fix them. The list of challenges goes on and on.

Even when we fight the battle to the best of our abilities, the good Lord sometimes still slaps us around and we have cattle that can not fight hard enough to survive. It is under this duress that the toll is taken on our teams. The visualization of dead cattle creates everlasting images in our heads that are very difficult to get rid of. After the last weekend of April, we had that occur and the terrible images were forever imprinted in our memory.

The last time I witnessed this was July 16 and 17, 2010, when yards I consulted had over 2,500 head of dead cattle. Four of these yards each had over 450 head of beautiful creatures lose their life. Under these circumstances, we are often “not ourselves”. We do not act as we normally would, and we do and say things pacdvms.com 33

that we normally would not. However, these circumstances present a great opportunity for us as leaders.

After the April blizzard, the yard called and said, “Doc, we need you here.” So, I went. It is in those times that simply “being there”, regardless of what we do, is what means the most to the people who are calling for our help on that very challenging, often disturbing day. It is in those moments, or on those days, where it is not just our opportunity but our responsibility as a leader to be there for our people. It is not a “we have to” moment but rather a “we get to” moment.

If we do not seize that moment, we lose an opportunity to gain trust, faith, loyalty and great respect from a person, a cowboy crew member, a manager, a feed truck driver, a tank washer or the secretary.

It is important to be present for those moments of stress, days of complete disaster, and even for joyous once-in-alifetime events. These are not just days when environmental

disaster creates great death loss of beautiful creatures, but everyday life events. It could be your head cowboy getting married. It could be your feed truck driver giving birth to their first child. It could be your secretary’s child graduating from high school. Or it could be one of your team members telling you they have been diagnosed with cancer.

Whatever the moment is, you be there! You get there! Be there for your people in their moments of celebration and in their moments of great despair and dark hours. Be the first one to congratulate them or be that beacon of hope or ray of light to help them move forward. We have all had those days and never do we forget those days. If you get there, I promise your people will walk through fire with you, for you, and maybe even in front of you! Stop what you are doing, right then, and just be there! Your people deserve it!

That is real leadership!

2017 Distinguished Alumnus Award Dr. Nels N. Lindberg - DVM 2001 Reprinted from K-State’s College of Veterinary Medicine website, vet.k-state.edu Dr. Nels N. Lindberg, Great Bend, Kansas, is the recipient of a 2017 Distinguished Alumnus Award from the Kansas State University College of Veterinary Medicine and Veterinary Medical Alumni Association. This award recognizes Dr. Lindberg for his outstanding achievements, humanitarian service and contributions to the veterinary profession. This award is presented during the 79th Annual Conference for Veterinarians on Sunday, June 4.

“This award is not about me or my success, because without my wife, my parents and family, the awesome staff at the Animal Medical Center, my dear friends and mentors, and all the clients that entrust us with their animals and operations, we would not be where we are” Dr. Lindberg said.

“We believe in creating big change by being obsessively preoccupied with serving the needs of others. I am humbled, honored and filled with great gratitude.”

“Dr. Lindberg’s passion and commitment for the veterinary profession is second to none,” said Dr. Tammy Beckham, dean of the veterinary college. “He has already been recognized early in his career by the Kansas Veterinary Medical Association for his contributions to the profession, and he continues to serve this state and his community at a

very high level. It is with great pride that we take this opportunity to recognize him with this award.”

Dr. Lindberg was raised in Lewis, Kansas, where he graduated high school before attending Fort Hays State University. He then attended Kansas State University where he met his wife, Karen, and graduated from the College of Veterinary Medicine in 2001. The Lindbergs moved to Great Bend that year, where he started his veterinary career before moving to Dodge City in 2003. Two years later, an

Dr. Nels accepting the award. pacdvms.com 35

opportunity to purchase Animal Medical Center brought Dr. Lindberg and his family back to Great Bend.

Dr. Lindberg focuses on feedlot consultation, while still enjoying all aspects of veterinary medicine. He is a partner in Production Animal Consultation, an independent consulting group focused and actively engaged in feedlot consultation, data collection and analysis, animal care and welfare, technologies development, and research for the beef industry. His area of expertise is in the area of Business Management Leadership Development. PAC is a leader in the industry of independent Feedlot Consultation, Cattle Handling, Animal Welfare, and Advanced Technologies.

The group of consultants oversees over 1.4 million head of cattle on feed.

Dr. Lindberg has published several articles in peer-reviewed publications and is asked to speak all over the country at veterinary conferences and training events. He was sought out by the 2012 graduating class from the Kansas State University College of Veterinary Medicine, the only college at the university that allows its students to select its commencement speaker.

Dr. Lindberg shares his expertise with numerous organizations, serving on Advisory Boards for the Bayer Animal Health, Norbrook Manufacturing, Novartis Animal Health, and Elanco Animal Health. He is a member of the American Veterinary Medical Association, American Association of Equine Practitioners, American Association of Bovine Practitioners, Kansas Veterinary Medical Association and the Academy of Veterinary Consultants.

Dr. Nels with a client

Dr. Nels and his family Outside of his professional service, Dr. Lindberg is active at First Christian Church, serving as the chairman of its board and sitting on several committees. He also serves as a director for Peoples State Bank, Leonardville State Bank and Big Mac Bancshares. Dr. Lindberg is an Eagle Scout and a longtime supporter of the Boy Scouts of America.

In 2014, Dr. Lindberg was honored by the Great Bend Chamber of Commerce and Economic Development with the NextGen Leader of the Year award. In 2015, he was named the Veterinarian of the Year by the Kansas Veterinary Medical Association.

The Lindbergs have twin siblings: Nash and MacKenzie.

Their family pets are toy Aussies named Sam and Blue, and two cats named Winter and Nosey.

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Reinforcing Our Workforce By: Jose Valles, Production Animal Consultation Having an appropriately staffed operation is one of the most important keys for success. In recent years, finding experienced and qualified individuals to fill vacant job positions has become more challenging. Superior Placement Solutions was created to help operations address this shortage of skilled workers.

Superior Placement Solutions is a recruitment company dedicated to the search for talented individuals that are passionate about agriculture and food animal production systems. Superior Placement Solutions is currently recruiting professionals from Mexico with degrees in animal science, veterinary medicine, agronomy and mechanical engineering.

These four areas of study fulfill the requirements to strategically build and strengthen our production teams. Animal science and veterinary medicine graduates are involved in animal health, agronomy graduates in feeding and feed production, and mechanical engineering graduates in the mechanic shop and maintenance areas. Recruitment of professionals is conducted across all 31 states in Mexico.

After working with a group of operations that have had a similar recruiting program in place for several years, we decided to create Superior Placement Solutions and extend the services to other production operations that may find them beneficial.

Individuals recruited from Mexico through this program are only allowed to work for the sponsoring employer. Participating individuals must have a completed degree within the areas of study previously mentioned before being considered as a possible candidate. Candidates are then screened using a pre-selection and final selection process.

Recruited professionals do not need to be placed in management positions but do expect equal opportunity for professional growth within the operation.

Veterinary medicine graduates cannot perform veterinary practices that require a valid United States veterinary medical license. To obtain a veterinary medical license, the recruited professional must work with the corresponding state Board of Veterinary Medical Examiners to obtain more information and comply with the requirements.

We continually strive to identify and recruit professionals that will bring value to operations and strengthen our workforce in agriculture and production animal systems. At the same time, our program provides opportunities to those individuals that have obtained an education but are facing employment challenges due to their nation’s current situation.

We believe that if we have open positions in our industry, it is important that we use our resources to fill them with the best candidates available.

For more information, contact Jose Valles at jose.valles@pacdvms.com.

Getting to Know the PAC Team: Dr. Matt Fruge Hey, y’all! I’m very excited to introduce myself as a member of the PAC team. My name is Matt Fruge (pronounced Froo-jay) and I am from a small town in southwest Louisiana called Basile. I was raised on a small cattle ranch where we raised crawfish as well. As a child, I was always deeply fascinated by all animals but ruminants were always my favorite. I was homeschooled by my mother for a few of my childhood years which I enjoyed because it afforded lots of time to work with the small ranch, fixing fence or checking cattle, not to mention lots of time in a crawfish boat.

After graduating high school, I attended McNeese State University in Lake Charles, Louisiana where I pursued a degree in animal science while playing offensive line for the university football team. I was fortunate enough to be a part of the team that won the Southland Conference two years in a row. The lessons I learned from my coaches and teammates are a huge part of who I am today.

Early on in my college career I knew I wanted to work in the beef industry, but I was unsure what role I would take. My family always told me that I should go to school to become a veterinarian and as time went on I gained more clarity and it became clear to me that they were right. Before moving on to veterinary school, I received my BS in Animal Science as well as a MS in Environmental Science, which allowed me to take higher level courses in biochemistry, reproductive physiology and advanced nutrition.

I started veterinary school at Louisiana State University in August of 2012. In the four years I spent at that university, I gained much more than just a degree. Through the university I was able to spend time working alongside food animal and production veterinarians all throughout Louisiana as well as Tennessee, Alabama, Texas, Illinois and South Dakota. I also made lasting friendships and found mentors that have had a huge role in making me who I am today.

One of these great mentors is Dr. Jacques Fuselier who has become a very close friend of mine. I was fortunate enough to spend lots of time with Dr. Fuselier my last year going all over the state of Louisiana working with cattle, horses and whitetail deer while learning veterinary medicine, especially production medicine. I’ll always be thankful for all that he and many others have given me.

Upon graduating vet school, I went to work at a mixed animal practice in Parkston, South Dakota. I really enjoyed my time there and I’m thankful for the people I worked with for all that I learned from them. While working as a

veterinarian there, I saw all species but primarily focused on cow-calf production.

I started with PAC on January 1st of this year and working with this group of people has been such a great experience. It’s truly humbling to be an associate of a collection of who I consider the greatest production veterinarians in the world while serving some of the best clients in the world. My primary interests within the field of veterinary medicine center around production medicine. Feedlot medicine is such a dynamic field for me because of my passion for pharmacology, epidemiology and pathology. Cow-calf production is another love of mine as it is what I grew up with and it also gives me a way to apply my interest in reproductive physiology, which is why I deeply enjoy working with heifer developers.

Outside of work I enjoy spending time with my wonderful girlfriend Corrine. I’m an avid hunter so odds are if I’m not working in the fall, you will be able to find me hunting behind my pointer Zeke, out deer hunting or sitting in a duck blind. Fishing is a big part of our culture back in south Louisiana so I love to fish in the warmer months. I’ve never been much good at it, but I catch a fish by accident if I spend enough time doing it. I must say that fishing is a lot more enjoyable without worrying about snakes and alligators in the water!

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The Pot Roast

Discovering recipes from agriculture’s finest.

Green Chili Pimento Cheeseburger Ingredients 1 lb ground beef 2 tbsp. A1 sauce 2 tbsp. worcestershire sauce 2 tbsp. Arturo’s grill seasoning

Arturo’s Grill Seasoning

4 tablespoons kosher salt 3 tablespoons New Mexico chili powder 2 tablespoons dried granulated garlic 2 tablespoons brown sugar 2 tablespoons ground cumin 2 tablespoons coarsely ground black pepper 1 tablespoon ground thyme Combine all ingredients in a mason jar and shake.

Green Chili Pimento Cheese

1 cup graded cheddar cheese ½ tbsp. sugar ½ tbsp. mustard powder ½ tbsp. onion powder ¼ cup mayo ¼ cup green chili (we have chili in the freezer but canned green chili would be just fine)

Start by preheating your grill.

Next mix together the Green Chili Pimento Cheese.

Combine the mayo, mustard, onion powder and sugar in a bowl. Stir until combined and add your chili stirring until evenly mixed. Next fold in your cheese until all the ingredients are thoroughly combined. Set the Green Chili Pimento Cheese aside to let the flavors marry.

While the Pimento Cheese is doing its time, season your beef and form your patties. Place your ground beef in a medium bowl and add your A1 sauce, worcestershire sauce and grill seasoning. Using your hands thoroughly mix the seasonings into the beef. Form the seasoned beef into four ¼ lb paddies.

When the grill is raging hot get ready to grill your burgers. Take your Pimento Cheese, a clean plate to put your cooked burgers on and your spatula and place them somewhere handy next to the grill. When you are ready place the burgers on and grill with the lid closed about 3 minutes on one side. After 3 or so minutes check to see that the first side is well caramelized and flip. Immediately top the flipped patty with about ¼ of the Green Chili Pimento Cheese (or

as much as you can mound on top without it falling off).

Close the grill lid and grill until the Green Chili Pimento Cheese is nice and melty, about 2 more minutes.

When the burgers are done place on toasted buns and top with some caramelized onions if you dare, serve with some grilled potato wedges and call it supper!

Thank you to Arturo and Wrenn Pacheco for sharing your recipe and pictures. Arturo and Wrenn are custom grazers located in the Flint Hills of Kansas. Their grazing operation consists of grazing double stock steers and custom heifer development for their clients. Arturo has his PhD in ruminant nutrition and owns and operates his own nutrition consulting business, Pacheco Cattle Services. Wrenn is a professional photographer and operates Wrenn Bird Photography. Together they have two little cowboys, Leo and Ross. You can find more of their recipes at cookingwiththecowboy.com. pacdvms.com 41

REWRITING THE BOOK ON

BRD TREATMENT Zelnate™ DNA Immunostimulant is a new chapter in BRD management.

Zelnate is the first licensed immunostimulant that aids in the treatment of BRD associated with Mannheimia haemolytica. By jumpstarting the innate immune system — which has been shown to provide a rapid, potent and broad protective response to infectious agents — Zelnate helps reduce lung lesions and mortality in cattle. Administer Zelnate at the time of, or within 24 hours after, a perceived stressful event. visit zelnate.com for more information This product is based on technology developed by Juvaris BioTherapeutics and is patent protected. Animal health applications are being exclusively developed by Bayer Animal Health and are the subject of Bayer patent applications. ©2015 Bayer HealthCare LLC, Animal Health, Shawnee Mission, Kansas 66201 Bayer (reg’d), the Bayer Cross (reg’d), Zelnate™ and It’s not an antibiotic. It’s not a vaccine.

It’s Zelnate.™ are trademarks of Bayer.

ZNT151142

Calendar June 15th - 16th Executive Veterinary Program -

Beef meeting, Olathe, KS, Dr. Tom presenting, Dr. Wade, Dr. Dan, Dr. Jim and Dr. Kip attending

20th - 21st Cow-Calf Cowboy College, Spring-

July 13th PAC Beef Summit, Oberlin, KS, PAC veterinarians attending

15th Colorado Independent Cattle Growers Asso-

caition Convention, Fort Morgan, CO, Dr. Tom presenting

field, MO, Dr. Dan and Dr. Tom presenting

21st - 22nd Feedlot Consultants Seminar, Huff23rd Quebec Cattlemen’s meeting, Quebec, Canada,

ington Beach, CA, Dr. Tom and Dr. Doug attending

Dr. Tom presenting

28th Vet Leader One-Day, Great Bend, KS, Dr. Nels 26th Wyoming Veterinary Medical Association meeting, Cody, WY, Dr. Nels presenting

29th - 30th Boehringer Ingelheim, NextGen Vet Meeting, Medora, ND, Dr. Nels presenting

and Dr. Dan presenting

August 3rd - 5th Cattle Well-Being Seminar, Sao Paulo, Brazil, Dr. Tom presenting

16th - 17th Feedlot Cow-Calf College, Kearney, NE, Dr. Tom and Dr. Dan presenting

25th Central Veterinary Conference, Kansas City, KS, Dr. Nels presenting

Service. Synthesis. Solutions. pacdvms.com

28th Cattle Handling Seminar OKC West Sale Barn, Oklahoma City, OK, Dr. Tom presenting

pacdvms.com 43

Production Animal Consultation PO Box 41 Oakley, KS 67748 pacdvms.com

PAC Beef Summit July 13th, 2017

Gateway Center in Oberlin, KS

Register online at pacdvms.com

Admission for current PAC clients is free!

If you are not a PAC client but still want to attend, admission is $50 per person at the door.

Group rate is available at Cobblestone Inn and Suites in Oberlin, KS and Horse Creek Inn in McCook, NE. When you book your room(s), please mention Production Animal Consultants.

Applying a TEAM Approach to Produce Wholesome Protein

Market Demands - Brian Bertelsen Global Slaughter Preparation - Dr. Kev Sullivan Drug Residues in Meat Products - Dr. Jim Holterman Meat Science and Beef Technologies - Dr. Ty Lawrence Pen Rider Performance - Garrett Taylor Upper Respiratory Tract Endoscopy - Dr. Tom Noffsinger & Dr. Dan Thomson Becoming a Beef Advocate - Scott Stebner Keynote Speaker - Ted Cunningham

Production Animal Consultation

Schedule

7:30 AM Networking Breakfast 8:15 AM Meeting Starts Lunch Provided 4:00 PM Meeting Adjourns

pacdvms.com

For more information and to register visit pacdvms.com