Reclamation Guide

RECLAMATION SIMPLIFIED. RECLAMATION GUIDE

CONTENTS Introduction

2

Seed

8 Native Grasses

10

BrettYoung Custom Seed Mixes

42

Canadian Prairie Natural Region Mixes

43

Turf Grass Blends

46

Forage Mixtures

48

Erosion Control

54

Mountain Revegetation Success With Proganics® Dual™

58

Q+A With Our Proganics Dual Experts At Profile Products

60

Erosion Products

62

Fertilizer Fertilizer Products Associations

80 82 84

RECLAMATION, SIMPLIFIED Reclamation projects can be complicated.

With varying stakeholders in multiple industries, each with their own needs, it can be difficult to find the right solution.

Add the fact no two sites are ever the same and things start to get even more complex.

You need a partner with the knowledge, efficiency and support to help find the right solution for all your stakeholders – and for you.

RECLAMATION GUIDE

At BrettYoung, we’re committed to supporting Canada’s reclamation industry. This commitment starts at the planning stage, supported by experienced and educated industry specialists who will work with you to review your needs and come up with the custom solution to fit your project.

Need a completely Native Grass custom blend to reclaim your site?

We carry over 50 different species of Native Grasses and have custom blending capabilities with quick turnaround times to ensure your project doesn’t get held up at the planning stage.

Need to see the seed certificates for approval? We can get you the information you need.

Have soil or slope challenges? Nothing we haven’t seen before.

Through soil testing and evaluations, we’ll find the perfect solution to help you reclaim your site – and get it right the first time.

As one of Canada’s largest major seed suppliers, we’re equipped with an extensive seed portfolio, fertilizer, soil amendments and erosion control products. Combined with our expertise, we know we have the products and solutions you need to satisfy and simplify, your reclamation project.

BRETTYOUNG 5

A SIMPLIFIED PROCESS A PARTNER FOR EVERY STAGE OF YOUR RECLAMATION PROJECT We’re ready to jump in where you need us – whether you’re a landscape architect kicking off plans for a park, a contractor looking to clean up after a heavy construction job or a property owner with a patch of lifeless dirt.

Here are just a few of the ways BrettYoung makes things easier, whether you are setting specifications for erosion control and seed, or you need product at the last minute to help finish off a project.

QUALITY SEED, EVERY TIME In order to meet guidelines and satisfy the toughest standards, BrettYoung has the largest privately-held, accredited seed laboratory in Canada. Our lab technicians are specially trained and certified to work with a comprehensive lineup of native species.

We know a good, clean seed certificate, neatly laid out and easy to read, makes it easier for you to clear products with important stakeholders.

Whether a seed certificate comes straight from our lab, or one of our trusted third-party partners, we’re verifying the seed we’ve sourced, qualifying the seed certificates and ensuring your seed is exactly what you need to make your project a success.

DEALING WITH SLOPES Each site is unique and one of the biggest variables in reclamation is slopes (and how to manage them).

From 4:1 to 1:1, BrettYoung can assist in designing the right slope solution, no matter the steepness. We walk through your specific site parameters,

RECLAMATION GUIDE

discuss your grass and establishment goals and provide the best options – working with you every step of the way to identify the best option for you and your project.

NOT JUST ABOUT SEED We’re proud of our 80+ year history in seed, but many of our clients come to us needing more. With a full portfolio of soil amendments, fertilizer and hydroseeding products, we can cover the full range of demands for a reclamation project. Whether it’s a turf reinforcement mat for areas with extreme water flow or you need a hydroseeding product to keep slopes stabilized, we’re equipped for it.

No matter the stage – from design to the last day on the job – BrettYoung is ready to help.

If there’s a way to simplify your reclamation, we do it.

BRETTYOUNG 7

OUR TEAM

TRAVIS UNGER

NATHAN MITCHELL

Vice-President, Professional Turf and Reclamation

Product Manager, Professional Turf and Reclamation

ASHLEY DETTMER, CCA

COREY MANDRUSIAK, PAG

Native Seed Specialist

Alberta Reclamation Specialist

RECLAMATION GUIDE

PAT JOHNSON

KEITH BELL

Interior British Columbia Reclamation Specialist

Saskatchewan Reclamation Specialist

MARK SMITH

ANDREW HARDY

Manitoba Reclamation Specialist

Ontario Sales Manager & Reclamation Specialist

BRETTYOUNG 9

SEED When revegetating disturbed areas, the success of the project begins and ends with exceptional seed.

Our highest priority is, and always will be, to maintain the highest quality standards possible for native grasses. Between our own production, done by hand-selected growers with decades of experience and our rigorous quality standards when we purchase seed, you’re in good hands with BrettYoung.

BrettYoung is sought after by many not only for its high standards but also for an equally crucial factor: choice. With a diverse native and introduced seed offering and custom blending capabilities, you can create the blend that best suits your needs.

Note, seed availability depends on varying environmental conditions, with inventory levels at their highest in the spring and lowest in the fall. Your BrettYoung representative can suggest suitable and available substitutions if a desired species is out of stock.

Start with seed and end with beautiful native grasses, enhanced natural landscapes and healthier ecosystems.

RECLAMATION GUIDE | SEED

BRETTYOUNG 11

NATIVE GRASSES BLUEGRASS Variety

Native or Introduced Species

Key Features

Growth Habit

Flood Tolerance

Alpine Bluegrass (Poa alpina)

N

- Short, densely tufted plant with bluishgreen leaves - Tolerates heavy traffic - Native to alpine meadows

Bunchgrass

Good

Canada Bluegrass (Poa compressa)

N

- Short, bunchy sod forming grass - Stabilizes low fertility soils - Less invasive than Kentucky bluegrass

Rhizomatous

Fair

Fowl Bluegrass (Poa palustris)

I

- Weak sod-forming bunchgrass - Very vigorous - Loves sloughs and dugouts

Bunchgrass

Excellent

Sandberg Bluegrass (Poa secunda)

N

- Short, densely tufted bunchgrass - Used to revegetate after forest fires - Tolerates cold, drought, & shade

Bunchgrass

Poor

RECLAMATION GUIDE | SEED

Approx.

Seeds/lb

Canopy Mature Height

Moderately Coarse to Moderately Fine

1,000,000

10-50 cm

Acidic to Neutral

Medium to Fine

2,500,000

30-60 cm

Good

Acidic to Neutral

Medium to Fine

1,800,000

20-60 cm

Poor

Neutral to Basic

Moderately Coarse to Moderately Fine

1,047,000

Under 30 cm

Drought Tolerance

Salt Tolerance

Good

Soil pH

Soil Type

Fair

Acidic to Neutral

Good

Good

Good

Excellent

BRETTYOUNG 13

BROMEGRASS Variety

Native or Introduced Species

Key Features

Growth Habit

Flood Tolerance

Fringed Brome (Bromus ciliatus)

N

- Excellent for roadside ditches - Highly palatable for livestock & wildlife - Very tolerant to cold

Bunchgrass

Poor

Mountain Brome (Bromus marginatus)

N

- Cool season, shortlived perennial - Rapid seed establishment - Ideal root system for stabilizing slopes

Bunchgrass

Poor

Nodding Brome (Bromus anomalus)

N

- Cool season, shortlived perennial - Medium to high palatability to livestock & wildlife - Graceful nodding seed heads

Bunchgrass

Fair

DRYLAND GRASS Green Needlegrass (Nassella viridula)

N

- Tall, slender bunchgrass - Good soil stabilizer (2-3m of roots) - Excellent seedling vigor - Good forage value - High protein & palatable

Bunchgrass

Fair

Indian Ricegrass (Achnatherum hymenoides)

N

- Cold & drought tolerant - Grows on extreme sites - Deep root system - Good soil builder

Bunchgrass

Poor

Needle & Thread Grass (Hesperostipa comata)

N

- Densely tufted with characteristic awns - Very drought tolerant - Widely adapted to sandy and poor soils - Excellent winter hardiness

Bunchgrass

Poor

RECLAMATION GUIDE | SEED

Drought Tolerance

Salt Tolerance

Good

Approx.

Seeds/lb

Canopy Mature Height

Soil pH

Soil Type

Fair

Acidic to Neutral

Moderately Coarse to Moderately Fine

236,000

50-100 cm

Fair

Poor

Neutral

Medium to Moderately Fine

90,000

60-120 cm

Excellent

Fair

Neutral

Coarse to Moderately Fine

142,800

15-30 cm

Excellent

Poor

Neutral to Basic

Medium to Fine

180,000

50-120 cm

Excellent

Good

Neutral to Basic

Coarse to Medium

141,000

10-60 cm

Excellent

Fair

Neutral to Basic

Coarse to Moderately Fine

115,000

30-70 cm

BRETTYOUNG 15

DRYLAND GRASS (CONT.) Variety

Native or Introduced Species

Key Features

Growth Habit

Flood Tolerance

Prairie Junegrass (Koeleria macrantha)

N

- Small, densely tufted blue-green color - Long lived perennial - Excellent results stabilizing tailings - Early spring growth

Bunchgrass

Fair

Prairie Sandreed (Calamovilfa longifolia)

N

- Long-lived, warm season perennial - Great erosion control (deep rooted) - Not salt tolerant - Sod forming on sandy sites

Rhizomatous

Poor

Sand Dropseed (Sporobolus cryptandrus)

N

- Long-lived, warm season perennial - Very prolific seed producer - Stabilizes sandy soils - Extremely drought tolerant

Bunchgrass

Poor

Western Porcupine Grass (Hesperostipa spartea)

N

- Long-lived, cool season perennial - Mature awns resemble quills of a porcupine - Natural tendancy to establish on disturbed sites

Bunchgrass

Fair

RECLAMATION GUIDE | SEED

Drought Tolerance

Salt Tolerance

Soil pH

Soil Type

Approx.

Seeds/lb

Canopy Mature Height

Excellent

Fair

Neutral

Coarse to Medium

2,300,000

10-60 cm

Excellent

Poor

Neutral

Coarse to Moderately Coarse

273,000

50-180 cm

Excellent

Good

Neutral

Coarse to Medium

5,298,000

25-100 cm

Good

Fair

Neutral

Medium to Fine

203,000

Up to 100 cm

BRETTYOUNG 17

FESCUE GRASS Variety

Native or Introduced Species

Key Features

Growth Habit

Flood Tolerance

Hard Fescue (Festuca brevipila)

I

- Used for erosion control & bank stabilization due to extensive root system - Shade tolerant -Non-invasive species -Dark green color

Bunchgrass

Poor

Idaho Fescue (Festuca idahoensis)

N

- Bluish-green with very fine leaves - Resistant to grazing & trampling - One of the most palatable forages - Grows in a wide variety of soil types

Bunchgrass

Poor

Rocky Mountain Fescue (Festuca saximontana)

N

- Densely tufted with very fine leaves - Bluish-grey to bright green color - Good for erosion control on sandy or gravel soils - Drought & grazing tolerant

Bunchgrass

Poor

Rough Fescue Complex includes Northern Rough Fescue (Festuca altaica), Foothills Rough Fescue (Festuca campestris), Plains Rough Fescue (Festuca hallii)

N

- Long-lived, cool season perennial - Requires at least 2 full growing seasons to fully establish - All seed is wild harvested and it is difficult for seed labs to identify specific species in complex - Good early spring protein - Forage for mule deer and big horn sheep

Bunchgrass

Poor

Sheep Fescue (Festuca ovina)

I

- Non-invasive species - Blue green color - More shade tolerant than Hard Fescue - More drought tolerant than Hard Fescue & Idaho Fescue

Bunchgrass

Poor

RECLAMATION GUIDE | SEED

Approx.

Seeds/lb

Canopy Mature Height

Coarse to Moderately Fine

680,000

10-15 cm

Neutral

Moderately Coarse to Moderately Fine

450,000

30-100 cm

Poor

Neutral

Coarse to Moderately Fine

475,000

10-60 cm

Fair

Poor

Neutral

Moderately Coarse to Moderately Fine

200,000

20-100 cm

Excellent

Poor

Acidic to Neutral

Coarse to Moderately Fine

680,000

15-30 cm

Drought Tolerance

Salt Tolerance

Good

Soil pH

Soil Type

Good

Acidic to Neutral

Good

Poor

Excellent

BRETTYOUNG 19

SALT TOLERANT GRASS Variety

Native or Introduced Species

Key Features

Growth Habit

Flood Tolerance

Fults Alkaligrass (Puccinellia distans)

I

- Cool season perennial - Shallow, fibrous root system - Can withstand partial shade - Smaller plant than Nuttall's alkaligrass

Rhizomatous

Good

Inland Saltgrass (Distichlis spicata)

N

- Solid, stiff stems with green or purple tinted spikelets - Sod-forming with a hearty root system - Rhizomes have sharp points that allow roots to spread in hard soils - Provides good nesting ground for birds

Rhizomatous

Excellent

Nuttall's Alkaligrass (Puccinellia nuttalliana)

N

- Blue-green leaves - Fairly easy to establish, but slow growing - Can withstand partial shade - Does not tolerant heavy grazing

Rhizomatous

Good

RECLAMATION GUIDE | SEED

Soil pH

Soil Type

Approx.

Seeds/lb

Canopy Mature Height

Excellent

Neutral to Basic

Medium to Fine

1,200,000

30-60 cm

Good

Excellent

Basic to Saline

Medium to Fine

520,000

25-65 cm

Fair

Excellent

Neutral to Basic

Medium to Moderately Fine

2,700,000

30-90 cm

Drought Tolerance

Salt Tolerance

Fair

BRETTYOUNG 21

WARM SEASON GRASS Variety

Native or Introduced Species

Key Features

Growth Habit

Flood Tolerance

Big Bluestem (Andropogon gerardii)

N

- Warm season perennial - Grows very tall & base of plant turns purplish-blue as it matures - Tolerant to drought & wildfires - Provides nesting shelter for birds

Bunchgrass to Rhizomatous

Excellent

Blue Grama (Bouteloua gracilis)

N

- Long-lived, warm season perennial - Not overly competitive during establishment, but then forms a dense mat - Suitable for revegetating poor, dry soils - Resistant to heavy grazing - Not tolerant to shade or acidic soils

Bunchgrass to Rhizomatous

Poor

Buffalo Grass (Bouteloua dactyloides)

N

- Warm season, short grass perennial - Soft blue color - Resistant to drought, heat, & cold - Palatable for deer - Use in low traffic areas or for erosion control

Rhizomatous

Poor

Indiangrass (Sorghastrum nutans)

N

- Warm season perennial - Bluish-green vegetation during the spring & summer, then changes to a showy deep orange to purple in the fall - Used in roadside cover and on areas prone to wind erosion - Does well in infertile, dry land

Rhizomatous

Good

RECLAMATION GUIDE | SEED

Approx.

Seeds/lb

Canopy Mature Height

Moderately Coarse to Fine

130,000

1-3 m

Neutral to Basic

Medium to Moderately Fine

825,000

10-40 cm

Fair

Neutral to Basic

Medium to Moderately Fine

56,000

5-13 cm

Good

Acidic to Neutral

Coarse to Moderately Fine

170,000

1-2 m

Drought Tolerance

Salt Tolerance

Good

Soil pH

Soil Type

Fair

Neutral to Basic

Excellent

Fair

Excellent

Good

BRETTYOUNG 23

WARM SEASON GRASS (CONT.) Variety

Native or Introduced Species

Key Features

Growth Habit

Flood Tolerance

Little Bluestem (Schizachyrium scoparium)

N

- Warm season perennial - Light green to purplish leaves then turns a beautiful red color in fall - Grows well on slopes - Excellent nesting grass for birds

Bunchgrass

Poor

Sideoats Grama (Bouteloua curtipendula)

N

- Short-lived, warm season perennial - Light green to bluegreen leaves - Drought & cold tolerant - Most adaptable warm season grass

Bunchgrass to Rhizomatous

Good

Switchgrass (Panicum virgatum)

N

- Hardy, deep-rooted, warm season perennial - Grows very tall & biomass can be used for ethanol production - Also referred to as tall panic grass - Can be toxic to horses, sheep, & goats

Rhizomatous

Good

RECLAMATION GUIDE | SEED

Drought Tolerance

Salt Tolerance

Good

Approx.

Seeds/lb

Canopy Mature Height

Coarse to Moderately Fine

260,000

45-60 cm

Neutral to Basic

Moderately Coarse to Moderately Fine

191,000

30-90 cm

Acidic, Neutral, Basic

Coarse to Moderately Fine

389,000

Up to 2.5 m

Soil pH

Soil Type

Good

Acidic, Neutral, Basic

Good

Good

Good

Good

BRETTYOUNG 25

WETLAND GRASS Variety

Native or Introduced Species

Key Features

Growth Habit

Flood Tolerance

Bluejoint Reedgrass (Calamagrostis canadensis)

N

- Long-lived, cool season perennial - Bluish-green leaves - Very small seed so slow to establish & poor vigour - Very winter hardy - Dominant species on disturbed wetland sites

Rhizomatous

Excellent

Red Top (Agrostis gigantea)

I

- Cool season perennial with red tinge at base of plant - Widely used as a pasture grass or hay - Germinates very quickly - Grows well in acidic, low fertility soils - Used for erosion control along riparian zones & wetlands

Rhizomatous

Excellent

Sloughgrass (Beckmannia syzigachne)

N

- Cool season annual or short-lived perennial - Early successional species in wetlands - Able to reseed itself easily - Grows along shorelines, wet meadows, & ditches

Bunchgrass

Excellent

Spike Trisetum (Trisetum spicatum)

N

- Long-lived, densely tufted, cool season perennial - Does well in Arctic & alpine areas at higher elevations - Good forage value for deer & goats - Extremely cold & fire tolerant

Bunchgrass

Excellent

RECLAMATION GUIDE | SEED

Approx.

Seeds/lb

Canopy Mature Height

Medium to Moderately Fine

2,270,000

Up to 2 m

Acidic to Neutral

Medium to Fine

4,900,000

40-120 cm

Excellent

Acidic to Neutral

Medium to Moderately Fine

1,150,000

20-90 cm

Fair

Acidic to Neutral

Moderately Coarse to Medium

2,500,000

10-50 cm

Drought Tolerance

Salt Tolerance

Good

Soil pH

Soil Type

Good

Acidic to Neutral

Poor

Fair

Poor

Good

BRETTYOUNG 27

WETLAND GRASS (CONT.) Variety

Native or Introduced Species

Key Features

Growth Habit

Flood Tolerance

Ticklegrass (Agrostis scabra)

N

- Short-lived, cool season perennial - Leaves are rough with tiny hairs - Tolerates low pH soil - Likes wet meadows but also dry open slopes

Bunchgrass

Excellent

Tufted Hairgrass (Deschampsia cespitosa)

N

- Short-lived, cool season perennial - Mass of deep green leaves covering the crown of the plant - Grows in wet acidic soils - Grows in mine tailings and heavy metals/ hydrocarbon

Bunchgrass

Excellent

Awned Wheatgrass (Elymus trachycaulus ssp. subsecundus)

N

- Short-lived, cool season perennial - Similar to slender wheatgrass but with longer awns and shorter plant - Pale green to bluegreen leaves - Provides nesting cover for birds & other wildlife

Bunchgrass

Good

Beardless Bluebunch Wheatgrass (Pseudoroegneria spicata ssp. inermis)

N

- Long-lived, cool season perennial - Does not have the long awn typical of bluebunch wheatgrass - Shorter mature height than bluebunch wheatgrass - Used to stabilize ditches, dikes, & roadsides

Bunchgrass

Poor

WHEATGRASS

RECLAMATION GUIDE | SEED

Soil pH

Soil Type

Approx.

Seeds/lb

Canopy Mature Height

Fair

Acidic to Neutral

Coarse to Fine

4,000,000

30-70 cm

Fair

Good

Acidic to Neutral

Medium to Moderately Fine

1,600,000

20-120 cm

Good

Good

Basic to Saline

Medium

112,000

50-100 cm

Excellent

Fair

Neutral

Moderately Coarse to Moderately Fine

117,000

20-90 cm

Drought Tolerance

Salt Tolerance

Good

BRETTYOUNG 29

WHEATGRASS (CONT.) Variety

Native or Introduced Species

Key Features

Growth Habit

Flood Tolerance

Bluebunch Wheatgrass (Pseudoroegneria spicata)

N

- Long-lived, cool season perennial - Drought & cold resistant - Highly fire tolerant - Great seedling vigor

Bunchgrass

Poor

Crested Wheatgrass (Agropyron cristatum)

I

- Long-lived, cool season perennial - Diploid species fairway type - Well adapted to stabilize disturbed soils - Used in reclamation in the past for its extreme drought & cold tolerance, but it can be too persistent & invasive on native prairie grasslands

Bunchgrass

Fair

Intermediate Wheatgrass (Thinopyrum intermedium)

I

- Short-lived, cool season perennial - Good soil builder due to heavy root production - Used in site stabilization while slower growing native species establish - Not an aggressive species

Rhizomatous

Fair

Northern Wheatgrass (Elymus lanceolatus ssp. lanceolatus)

N

- Long-lived, cool season perennial - Light green to bluegreen leaf blade - Adapted to a wide range of soil types - Used as an early successional species as it establishes quickly & spreads readily by rhizomes

Rhizomatous

Good

RECLAMATION GUIDE | SEED

Canopy Mature Height

Drought Tolerance

Salt Tolerance

Soil pH

Soil Type

Good

Fair

Neutral

Moderately Coarse to Moderately Fine

140,000

30-100 cm

Excellent

Good

Neutral to Basic

Moderately Coarse to Moderately Fine

218,000

30-50 cm

Good

Poor

Neutral

Medium to Fine

88,000

Up to 100 cm

Excellent

Good

Neutral to Basic

Coarse to Moderately Fine

154,000

40-70 cm

Approx.

Seeds/lb

BRETTYOUNG 31

WHEATGRASS (CONT.) Variety

Native or Introduced Species

Key Features

Growth Habit

Flood Tolerance

Slender Wheatgrass (Elymus trachycaulus ssp. trachycaulus)

N

- Short-lived, cool season perennial - Germinated & establishes quickly - Plants typically lived for 5 years - Drought tolerant - Resistant to heavy grazing

Bunchgrass

Good

Streambank Wheatgrass (Elymus lanceolatus ssp. psammophilus)

N

- Long-lived, cool season perennial - Closely related to northern wheatgrass, but can withstand wetter areas - Used for erosion control, revegetation, and low maintenance turf

Rhizomatous

Excellent

Tall Wheatgrass (Thinopyrum ponticum)

I

- Long-lived, cool season perennial - Leaves have short hairs that feel scratchy to the touch - Most salt tolerant wheatgrass - Good flood tolerance - Used for reclamation of saline sites

Bunchgrass

Good

Western Wheatgrass (Pascopyrum smithii)

N

- Long-lived, cool season perennial - Stiff, bluish-green leaves - Used for range improvement & revegetation of sodic soils - Good soil stabilizer due to extensive creeping rhizomes

Rhizomatous

Good

RECLAMATION GUIDE | SEED

Drought Tolerance

Salt Tolerance

Good

Approx.

Seeds/lb

Canopy Mature Height

Soil pH

Soil Type

Good

Acidic, Neutral, Basic

Moderately Coarse to Moderately Fine

160,000

50-150 cm

Excellent

Good

Neutral to Basic

Moderately Coarse to Fine

155,000

30-50 cm

Good

Excellent

Neutral to Saline (up to pH 10)

Moderately Coarse to Fine

79,000

Up to 3 m

Excellent

Excellent

Neutral to Basic

Medium to Fine

110,000

30-60 cm

BRETTYOUNG 33

WILDRYE Variety

Native or Introduced Species

Key Features

Growth Habit

Flood Tolerance

Canada Wildrye (Elymus canadensis)

N

- Short-lived, cool season perennial - Leaves are flat, wide, & waxy looking - Exceptional seedling vigour & rapid establishment - Used for soil stabilization due to deep, spreading root system

Bunchgrass

Fair

Dahurian Wildrye (Elymus dahuricus)

I

- Short-lived, cool season perennial - Useful in reclamation project due to adaptability, ease of establishment, & short life span - Stabilizes surface soil very quickly but has shallow roots

Bunchgrass

Good

Smooth Wildrye / Blue Wildrye (Elymus glaucus)

N

- Short-lived, cool season perennial - Bluish-green leaves - Quick germination - Highly desired for erosion control - Fairly drought tolerant

Bunchgrass

Good

RECLAMATION GUIDE | SEED

Drought Tolerance

Salt Tolerance

Good

Canopy Mature Height

Soil pH

Soil Type

Approx.

Seeds/lb

Good

Acidic to Neutral

Coarse to Medium

115,000

60-150 cm

Good

Excellent

Neutral to Basic

Coarse to Fine

80,000

100-150 cm

Good

Good

Acidic to Neutral

Moderately Coarse to Moderately Fine

134,500

50-120 cm

BRETTYOUNG 35

FORAGE VALUE LEGUME Variety

Native or Introduced Species

Key Features

Growth Habit

Flood Tolerance

Cicer Milkvetch (Astragalus cicer)

I

- Bloat-free legume - Naturally fixes nitrogen in the soil - Flowers are pale yellow to white & attract bees for pollination - Very drought tolerant & winter hardy

Rhizomatous

Poor

Sainfoin (Onobrychis viciifolia scop.)

I

- Bloat-free legume - Naturally fixes nitrogen in the soil - Produces rosy-pink flowers - High-quality livestock feed - Matures faster than alfalfa & is a superior honey plant

Tap root

Poor

American Vetch (Vicia americana)

N

- Long-lived, cool season perennial - Lavendar or fuchsia colored flowers - Naturally fixes nitrogen in the soil - Highly palatable for livestock & wildlife - Primarily used for soil improvement along roadsides & bank stabilization

Tap root

Fair

Arrowleaf Balsamroot (Balsamorhiza sagittata)

N

- Long-lived perennial - Yellow flowers - Flowers spring to summer - Tolerant to fire, grazing, trampling, & drought

Tap root

NA

WILDFLOWER

RECLAMATION GUIDE | SEED

Drought Tolerance

Salt Tolerance

Good

Approx.

Seeds/lb

Canopy Mature Height

Soil pH

Soil Type

Fair

Acidic, Neutral, Basic

Moderately Coarse to Moderately Fine

120,000

Up to 60 cm

Good

Fair

Neutral to Basic

Coarse to Medium

24,000

Up to 1 m

Good

Poor

Neutral to Basic

Moderately Coarse to Fine

33,000

15-60 cm

Good

NA

Neutral

Moderately Coarse to Moderately Fine

55,000

20-60 cm

BRETTYOUNG 37

WILDFLOWER (CONT.) Variety

Native or Introduced Species

Key Features

Growth Habit

Flood Tolerance

Blanket Flower (Gaillardia aristata)

N

- Widely adapted, short-lived perennial - Yellow to reddish flowers - Flowers spring to summer - Attracts bees & butterflies due to long bloom period - Fire resistant & will increase after a wildfire

Tap root

Poor

Blue Flax (Linum perenne)

I

- Short-lived perennial - Sky blue, saucer shaped flowers - Flowers spring to summer - Favours full sun to part shade

Tap root

Poor

Canada Milkvetch (Astragalus canandensis)

N

- Short-lived perennial - Naturally fixes nitrogen in the soil - Beautiful white to greenish flowers spring to summer - Attracts bees, hummingbirds, & butterflies

Rhizomatous

Good

Northern Sweetvetch (Hedysarum boreale)

N

- Cool season perennial - Flowers are white, pink, or purple - Naturally fixes nitrogen in the soil - Attracts honey bees - Good soil stabilizer

Tap root

Fair

RECLAMATION GUIDE | SEED

Approx.

Seeds/lb

Canopy Mature Height

Moderately Coarse to Medium

132,000

45-60 cm

Neutral to Basic

Moderately Coarse to Medium

293,000

30-60 cm

Good

Neutral

Medium

226,000

30-100 cm

Good

Acidic to Neutral

Coarse to Moderately Fine

45,000

30-60 cm

Drought Tolerance

Salt Tolerance

Soil pH

Soil Type

Good

NA

Neutral

Good

NA

Fair

Excellent

BRETTYOUNG 39

WILDFLOWER (CONT.) Variety

Native or Introduced Species

Key Features

Growth Habit

Flood Tolerance

Purple Prairie Clover (Dalea purpurea)

N

- Long-lived, warm season perennial - Flowers are purple to reddish purple - Nectar & pollen attracts bees, wasps, & butterflies - Highly palatable and nutritious - Well adapted to very dry conditions

Tap root

Fair

Western Yarrow (Achillea millefolium var. occidentalis)

N

- Long-lived perennial - Small, flat white flowers in clusters with fern like leaves - Flowers spring to fall - Used for prairie restoration, mine reclamation & roadsides - Provides pollinator habitat for native bee species

Rhizomatous

NA

White Prairie Clover (Dalea candida)

N

- Flowers are white - Starts blooming in early to midsummer until fall - Naturally fixes nitrogen in the soil - Very palatable to animals and high in protein - Loves full sun & dry conditions

Tap root

Poor

RECLAMATION GUIDE | SEED

Approx.

Seeds/lb

Canopy Mature Height

Coarse to Moderately Fine

210,000

30-60 cm

Neutral

Coarse to Medium

4,000,000

30-100 cm

Neutral

Coarse to Medium

354,000

30-75 cm

Drought Tolerance

Salt Tolerance

Soil pH

Soil Type

Excellent

Poor

Neutral

Excellent

NA

Excellent

Poor

BRETTYOUNG 41

COVER CROP Variety

Native or Introduced Species

Key Features

Growth Habit

Flood Tolerance

Diploid Annual Ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum)

I

- Cover crops can be added to custom seed mixes to help reduce soil erosion by wind & water and to help suppress weed populations while the native species are establishing - Cool season annual crop - Deep rooting & good weed suppression

Bunchgrass

NA

Fall Rye (Secale cereale)

I

- Cover crops can be added to custom seed mixes to help reduce soil erosion by wind & water and to help suppress weed populations while the native species are establishing - If planted in early August, fall rye can be a fall forage and a feed source again in the spring - Very cold tolerant with extensive fibrous root system

Bunchgrass

NA

Oats (Avena sativa)

I

- Cover crops can be added to custom seed mixes to help reduce soil erosion by wind & water and to help suppress weed populations while the native species are establishing - Cool season annual - More water tolerant than fall rye

Bunchgrass

NA

RECLAMATION GUIDE | SEED

Drought Tolerance

Salt Tolerance

Soil pH

Soil Type

Approx.

Seeds/lb

Canopy Mature Height

Good

NA

NA

Coarse to Fine

240,000

60-90 cm

NA

NA

Acidic to Neutral

Coarse to Fine

190,000

Up to 1 m

NA

NA

NA

Coarse to Fine

15,000

Up to 1 m

BRETTYOUNG 43

BRETTYOUNG CUSTOM SEED MIXES Can't find what you need in this Guide?

We've got you covered! Our custom blending services cater to all our customers' preferences.

Order through your BrettYoung representative and choose the specific seed lots and percentage of each species in your seed mix (custom blends can contain any combination of native, introduced, or forage species).

Our custom blends are packaged in 50-pound bags, with a customizable bag tag for your project name or land location.

Note, due to high demand, custom blends may require more time to put together in spring and fall — ask your BrettYoung representative about blending requirements and possible fees.

RECLAMATION GUIDE | SEED

CANADIAN PRAIRIE NATURAL REGION MIXES In addition to our wide selection of individual seed species, BrettYoung offers an exclusive line of seed blends designed for natural regions across Alberta, Saskatchewan and Manitoba, focusing on the boreal forest, foothills, grassland, parkland and rocky mountain regions. Within each mix is a variety of perennial native grasses best suited to the specific climate, natural vegetation, soils and landforms of these areas.

Our Natural Region Mixes are primarily used for general reclamation purposes but are also a good forage source for both livestock and wildlife and can be used for native pasture. Each bag contains 6 to 8 different native grass species, which provides an extra measure of biodiversity that is not only visually appealing but enables revegetated areas to stay greener longer.

Southern Arctic Taiga Shield Hudson Plain Boreal Shield Boreal Plain Prairie Rocky Mountains Foothills

*** Species included in mixes are subject to change based on availability. ***

BRETTYOUNG 45

Boreal Forest Natural Region Mix Foothills Natural Region Mix Grassland Natural Region Mix Parkland Natural Region Mix Rocky Mountain Natural Region Mix

RECLAMATION GUIDE | SEED

Prairie Junegrass

Needle & Thread Grass

Green Needlegrass

Mountain Brome

Fringed Brome

Sandberg Bluegrass

Blends

Alpine Bluegrass

CANADIAN PRAIRIE NATURAL REGION MIXES

BRETTYOUNG 47

Western Wheatgrass

Slender Wheatgrass

Northern Wheatgrass

Awned Wheatgrass

Tufted Hairgrass

Sloughgrass

Blue Grama

Rough Fescue

Rocky Mountain Fescue

Idaho Fescue

TURF GRASS BLENDS EXECUTIVE BLEND (T8) Executive Blend is a mixture of BrettYoung’s best semi-dwarf Kentucky bluegrass varieties that combine fine-leaf texture, dark green colour, great year-round performance and the ability to be cut to ½ inch or shorter. For the ultimate home lawn or KBG tees and fairways, Executive Blend is the choice.

• 100% Elite Kentucky Bluegrass Varieties

PREMIUM TURF BLEND (T2) The Premium Turf Blend combines the benefits of the Kentucky bluegrass with additional shade and drought tolerance from Aberdeen — a creeping red fescue with improved turf characteristics.

• 60% Elite Kentucky Bluegrass Varieties • 30% Creeping Red Fescue • 10% Perennial Ryegrass

ALL PURPOSE MIX (T6) The All Purpose Mix is well-suited to sun or shade and has annual ryegrass to germinate quicker and aid in establishment.

• 40% Common Kentucky Bluegrass • 40% Common Creeping Red Fescue • 20% Perennial Ryegrass

RECLAMATION GUIDE | SEED

DROUGHT TOLERANT TURF BLEND (T9) A great mix for high drought-stress applications, the Drought Tolerant Turf Blend can be used for maintained or unmaintained turf areas.

Great for out-of-play areas on golf courses or areas where contrast with maintained turf is desired, the Drought Tolerant blend is very flexible.

• 35% Creeping Red Fescue • 25% Chewings Fescue • 20% Sheep Fescue • 20% Hard Fescue

PLAYGROUND/RURAL LAWN MIX (T3) For areas that require less maintenance and can experience drought stress, but still require wear tolerance capabilities, the Playground/ Rural Lawn Mix is a great option. Economical, hearty and flexible, T3 is a top-seller for golf course mounding, playgrounds, dryland sportsfields and rural home lawns.

• 35% Common Kentucky Bluegrass • 35% Common Creeping Red Fescue • 10% Fairway Crested Wheatgrass • 10% Tall Fescue • 10% Perennial Ryegrass

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HAY BLENDS SUPER HAY (1) Excellent 2-cut alfalfa/grass mix • 65% Blend 4440 Alfalfa Securus • 25% Fleet Meadow Bromegrass Securus • 10% Catapult/Promesse Timothy

SUPER MAXI-TON (2) Maximum tonnage and protein • 90% Alfalfa Blend 4440 Securus • 10% Catapult/Promesse Timothy

SALINE HAY (3) Top tonnage in saline soils • 30% Barricade II Alfalfa Securus • 30% AC Saltlander Wheatgrass Securus • 15% Stronghold Alfalfa Securus • 15% SWAJ/Riding Brand Tall Fescue • 10% Dahurian Wild Rye

SUPER HAYMAKER (4) Ideal for 1- or 2-cut systems across most production areas • 75% Blend 4440 Alfalfa Securus • 25% Fleet Meadow Bromegrass Securus

RECLAMATION GUIDE | SEED

PASTURE BLENDS SUPER PASTURE (10) Excellent early spring pasture, produces well under stress • 50% Fleet Meadow Bromegrass Securus • 25% Kirk Crested Wheatgrass • 15% SWAJ/Riding Brand Tall Fescue • 10% Shift Alfalfa Securus

SUPER GRASSLAND BLEND (11) Maximize regrowth and quality with no risk of bloat, suitable for variable topographies • 30% Fleet Meadow Bromegrass Securus • 20% SWAJ/Riding Brand Tall Fescue • 20% Boreal Creeping Red Fescue • 20% Trailburst/Glacier Brand Orchardgrass • 10% Catapult/Promesse Timothy

ALL PURPOSE PASTURE (12) Widely adapted for most pasture needs with easy establishment and quality regrowth • 55% Fleet Meadow Bromegrass Securus • 20% SWAJ/Riding Brand Tall Fescue • 20% Intermediate Wheatgrass • 5% Foothold Alfalfa Securus All blends are subject to change without notice due to seed supply constraints.

BRETTYOUNG 51

PARKLAND PASTURE (13) High-yielding pasture, works well in high traffic areas and aggressive grazing systems • 50% Fleet Meadow Bromegrass Securus • 25% Trailburst/Glacier Brand Ochardgrass • 10% Shift Alfalfa Securus • 10% Boreal Creeping Red Fescue • 5% Tirem Kentucky Bluegrass

HORSE PASTURE (14) Easy to establish, low-maintenance blend, excellent for acreages, farmyards, high-traffic areas, and horse pastures • 50% Boreal Creeping Red Fescue • 20% Catapult/Promesse Timothy • 15% Bigbang Annual Ryegrass • 10% Tirem Kentucky Bluegrass • 5% Huia White Clover

BLOAT SAFE (15) Increased quality with no risk of bloat • 45% Fleet Meadow Bromegrass Securus • 30% Cicer Milkvetch Securus • 20% SWAJ/Riding Brand Tall Fescue • 5% Boreal Creeping Red Fescue

RECLAMATION GUIDE | SEED

DUAL PURPOSE BLENDS SUPER PASTURE HAY (20) Quick drydown time in a swath • 50% Fleet Meadow Bromegrass Securus • 35% Trailburst/Glacier Brand Ochardgrass • 10% Catapult/Promesse Timothy • 15% Blend 4440 Alfalfa Securus

SUPER CATTLEMAN’S CHOICE / PREMIUM HORSE HAY (21) High-protein pasture with superb regrowth, quick to establish and ideal for horses • 40% Fleet Meadow Bromegrass Securus • 20% SWAJ/Riding Brand Tall Fescue • 20% Shift Alfalfa Securus • 15% Trailburst/Glacier Brand Ochardgrass • 5% Catapult/Promesse Timothy

DRYLAND PASTURE - HAY (22) Long-lived productive pasture/hay blend for very dry regions • 35% Kirk Crested Wheatgrass • 35% Fleet Meadow Bromegrass Securus • 10% Carlton Smooth Brome Securus • 10% Spyder Alfalfa Securus • 10% Pubescent Wheatgrass All blends are subject to change without notice due to seed supply constraints.

BRETTYOUNG 53

LOWLAND (23) Excellent blend to reclaim areas prone to flooding, aggressive root systems will help utilize moisture • 30% Reed Canarygrass • 20% SWAJ/Riding Brand Tall Fescue • 20% Catapult/Promesse Timothy • 15% Boreal Creeping Red Fescue • 15% Alsike Clover

ALL PURPOSE SALINE (24) Quick establishment in saline areas with good longevity, helps reclaim saline areas over time • 25% Slender Wheatgrass • 25% SWAJ/Riding Brand Tall Fescue • 20% Tall Wheatgrass • 10% Baricade II Alfalfa Securus • 10% Dahurian Wildrye • 10% Sweet Clover

RECLAMATION GUIDE | SEED

ALL GRASS SALINE (25) Rapid establishment in saline areas, good longevity, and no risk of bloat • 40% SWAJ/Riding Brand Tall Fescue • 20% Carlton Smooth Bromegrass • 15% AC Saltlander Securus • 15% Slender Wheatgrass • 10% Dahurian Wildrye

ANNUAL FORAGE EXT (26) Long-season, cocktail crop grazing applications with soil improvement benefits • 50% Mervana Italian Ryegrass • 15% Purebred Brand Radish • 15% Purple Top Turnip • 10% Hairy Vetch • 10% Forage Brassica

All blends are subject to change without notice due to seed supply constraints.

BRETTYOUNG 55

EROSION CONTROL

RECLAMATION GUIDE | EROSION CONTROL

There are a lot of variables that make each erosion control situation unique.

At BrettYoung, we have solutions for every erosion control issue under the sun.

We offer a complete lineup of hydraulically-applied erosion control products, erosion control blankets and accessories that are engineered to excel under even the most extreme conditions.

Sprayable or hydraulically-applied products are growing in popularity – and with this comes a number of efficiencies thanks to busy R+D departments. There are more choices available, and the equipment is not only getting quieter and safer, but it’s also quicker and more efficient.

That means higher production and time savings for your project.

Blankets and turf reinforcement mats, typically used for erosion protection, anchoring, reducing rain drop impact, and enhancing vegetation on slopes and in channels with concentrated water flows, are evolving too. Today’s designs enable better airflow, and the mats are even finding their way into unique uses like reinforcing greens on golf courses. It’s a popular way to protect surfaces while letting air in.

Sustainability in our industry is constantly progressing. You’re seeing it in the erosion control market as more people move away from products and accessories that contain plastic and look to use natural, biodegradable materials like hemp, coconut fibres and straw. Look no further than the cotton netting replacing plastic netting, or the wood and biodegradable corn starch stakes/staples making their appearance.

BRETTYOUNG 57

OUR BRANDS Seed is our passion and it was the reason our founders first started the company in 1934. Since then, we’ve led the industry in the development of high-quality, specialized varieties designed to perform on projects across Canada and around the world.

Profile® Products is the world’s largest manufacturer and supplier of hydraulic erosion control technologies, and offers industry-leading lines of wood, cellulose, straw fibre and blended hydraulically applied mulches, as well as biotic soil technologies.

We proudly carry their extensively researched products that provide proven, eco-friendly solutions for establishing vegetation and preventing erosion in most environments. Our offerings include a full line of HighPerformance products from Profile, their High Efficiency HydroStraw products and ProGanics biotic soil technologies.

Profile Products’ emphasis on research and the information they’re able to provide to back their products, is unmatched in the industry.

RECLAMATION GUIDE | EROSION CONTROL

BRETTYOUNG 59

MOUNTAIN REVEGETATION SUCCESS WITH PROGANICS® DUAL™ Profile Products and BrettYoung Professional Turf and Reclamation Site: Kananaskis Village Emergency Services Centre Project: Site reclamation services including revegetation of the surrounding area back to native species, tree and shrub plantings, native grass seeding and a cover crop of diploid annual ryegrass for quick establishment.

Challenge: The soil condition (mostly rock and gravel) made it difficult for the native grass seeds to germinate, establish and stabilize quickly.

SELECTING THE RIGHT PRODUCTS The originally specified 75 mm (3”) compost blanket proved difficult to haul on-site, so our team worked with the sub-contractor, Calgary Lawn Solutions, to find an alternative. Profile Products ProGanics DUAL – Biotic Soil + Erosion control product, a hydraulically applied Biotic Erosion Control Matrix (BECM) that combines the soil-building properties

ProGanics DUAL Installation August 31, 2021 – Note Soil Conditions

RECLAMATION GUIDE | EROSION CONTROL

of ProGanics Biotic Soil Media (BSM™) with the erosion control performance of a Bonded Fiber Matrix (BFM), fit the bill.

ProGanics DUAL Installation was completed on August 31, 2021, at an application rate of 6,160 kg/ha with a native seed mix application rate of 100 kg/ha due to the low organic soil condition (see picture No. 1).

“Conditions were horrible, the terrain was extremely rocky where the ProGanics DUAL was applied, and it was not maintained [watered] after installation.

It still grew and was highly successful.”

- Kyle Woods, Owner Calgary Lawn Solutions Important note for this project: all materials required for hydroseeding, including ProGanics DUAL and seed, were hauled to the site with a one-ton truck and trailer-mounted FINN T-120 Hydroseeder. Water for mixing the slurry was supplied from an onsite fire hydrant. ProGanics DUAL , native seed, cover crop and water were all mixed together in the Hydroseeder for an easy one-step application.

THE RESULTS One year after installation, the site has been stabilized, and grass has grown in. There's no evidence of any erosion issues in the ProGanics DUAL and native seed and cover crop installation areas. In addition, follow-up visits after the completion of hydroseeding show that Calgary Lawn Solutions, BrettYoung and Profile Products are very excited about the results of this project and look forward to further installation soon.

August 25, 2022 – One year after installation.

BRETTYOUNG 61

Q+A WITH OUR PROGANICS DUAL EXPERTS AT PROFILE PRODUCTS Q: WHAT IS PROGANICS DUAL? A: ProGanics DUAL is a new environmentally friendly, hydraulically applied product that combines the soil-building properties of ProGanics Biotic Soil Media (BSM) with the erosion control performance of a Bonded Fiber Matrix (BFM).

Q: WHY DO I NEED TO ACCELERATE THE DEVELOPMENT OF DEPLETED SOIL WITH PROGANICS DUAL? A: Poor soils lacking necessary components for sustainable plant growth are the most common reason for revegetation project failures.

ProGanics DUAL contains patented ingredients that improve soil health for sustainable vegetation establishment, making it crucial to the success of your projects.

Q: WHAT KIND OF EROSION CONTROL PERFORMANCE DOES PROGANICS DUAL PROVIDE? A: ProGanics DUAL can deliver erosion control protection equal to a BFM product when applied at the proper application rate.

Q: HOW DOES PROGANICS DUAL SAVE TIME ON PROJECT SITES? A: ProGanics DUAL offers high loading rates and the highest waterholding capacity and erosion control effectiveness of all biotic soil

RECLAMATION GUIDE | EROSION CONTROL

products, reducing total tank loads and application time without sacrificing results. With a consolidated one-step application, the larger the site the more time and money saved.

Q: WHY WOULD I PURCHASE PROGANICS BSM AND A SEPARATE EROSION CONTROL PRODUCT INSTEAD OF PROGANICS DUAL? A: ProGanics DUAL may not be the best solution for sites with slopes steeper than 2H:1V (where higher performing HECPs may be needed), or where substrates are extremely degraded or unsuitable for vegetation establishment. In those cases, ProGanics BSM and a separate erosion control product may be the best option.

Q: WHAT TYPE OF SITES ARE IDEAL FOR PROGANICS DUAL? A: ProGanics DUAL is best for sites with poor soil conditions, including those with low organic matter content, with low to moderate erosion potential (slopes up to 2H:1V), or with limited access where multiple applications add significant cost. It’s also extremely useful for larger projects where efficiency is paramount for contractors stay profitable.

Q: IS PROGANICS DUAL SUITABLE FOR ALL REGIONS/CLIMATES? A: Yes. ProGanics DUAL can ameliorate poor soil and provide erosion control for applicable project sites in climates all around the world.

Q: IS PROGANICS DUAL SAFE FOR THE ENVIRONMENT? A: Yes, ProGanics DUAL is produced using sustainable materials like recycled bark and wood and is biodegradable, non-toxic, phyto-sanitized to eliminate potential weed seeds and pathogens, and safe for even the most sensitive environments.

Contact your local BrettYoung representative to learn more about Proganics DUAL for your next project.

Matt Skinner, Director of Business Development, Biotic Soil Media Group

BRETTYOUNG 63

EROSION PRODUCTS

Profile Products LLC®

HYDRAULIC EROSION CONTROL Product

Analysis

Product Information

CocoFlex™ Extended Term Flexible Growth Medium™ (ET-FGM™)

Thermally Refined Wood Fibers, Coconut Fibers, Crimped Interlocking Biodegradable Man-Made Fibers & Performance Enhancing Additives

- 100% biodegradable & phytosanitized - > 99% erosion control effectiveness immediately upon application

Flexterra® High Performance Flexible Growth Medium™ (HP-FGM™)

100% Thermally Refined Wood Fibers & Biodegradable Interlocking ManMade Fibers, Nontoxic Biopolymers & Water Absorbents With Micro-Pore Particles

- 100% biodegradable & phytosanitized - > 99% erosion control effectiveness immediately upon application

ProMatrix™ Engineered Fiber Matrix™ (EFM™)

Thermally Refined Wood Fibers & Biodegradable Interlocking Man-Made Fibers, Soil Building Ammendments & Tackifiers, Beneficial Soil Bacteria

- Designed for sites with low-to-moderate erosion potential and a low organic matter content - Combines soil-building properties of ProGanics™ BSM with erosion control performance of a bonded fiber matrix - Application rate based on % organic matter in existing soil and slope gradient

ProGanics™ Dual

Thermally Refined Wood Fibers & Biodegradable Interlocking Man-Made Fibers, Soil Building Ammendments & Tackifiers, Beneficial Soil Bacteria

- Designed for sites with low-to-moderate erosion potential and a low organic matter content - Combines soil-building properties of ProGanics™ BSM with erosion control performance of a bonded fiber matrix - Application rate based on % organic matter in existing soil and slope gradient

RECLAMATION GUIDE | EROSION CONTROL

Maximum Continuous Slope

Conditions

24 months

38.1 m (125')

Extreme Sites

>1H to 1V >2H to 1V & ≤ 1H to 1V >3H to 1V & ≤ 2H to 1V >4H to 1V & ≤ 3H to 1V ≤ 4H to 1V

5100 kg/ha (4500 lbs./ac) 4500 kg/ha (4000 lbs./ac) 3900 kg/ha (3500 lbs./ac) 3400 kg/ha (3000 lbs./ac) 2800 kg/ha (2500 lbs./ac)

22.68 kg/475 litres (50 lb/125 gallons)

18 months

30.5 m (100')

Extreme Sites

>1H to 1V >2H to 1V & ≤ 1H to 1V >3H to 1V & ≤ 2H to 1V >4H to 1V & ≤ 3H to 1V ≤ 4H to 1V

5100 kg/ha (4500 lbs./ac) 4500 kg/ha (4000 lbs./ac) 3900 kg/ha (3500 lbs./ac) 3400 kg/ha (3000 lbs./ac) 2800 kg/ha (2500 lbs./ac)

34.00 kg/379 litres (75 lb/100 gallons)

12 months

15.24 m (50')

Difficult Sites

≥2H to 1V & ≤ 1H to 1V ≥3H to 1V & ≤ 2H to 1V ≥4H to 1V & ≤ 3H to 1V ≤ 4H to 1V

4500 kg/ha (4000 lbs./ac) 3900 kg/ha (3500 lbs./ac) 3400 kg/ha (3000 lbs./ac) 2800 kg/ha (2500 lbs./ac)

34.00 kg/379 litres (75 lb/100 gallons)

12 months

15.24 m (50')

Moderate Sites

≥3H to 1V & ≤ 2H to 1V ≥4H to 1V & ≤ 3H to 1V ≤ 4H to 1V

7290 kg/ha (6500 lbs./ac) 6160 kg/ha (5500 lbs./ac) 4500 kg/ha (4000 lbs./ac)

Mixing Rates

Functional Longevity

22.68 kg/475 litres (50 lb/125 gallons)

Slope Condition

Application Rates

*Packaging for all products is 22.68kg (50lbs) unless otherwise noted

BRETTYOUNG 65

Profile Products LLC®

HYDRAULIC EROSION CONTROL (CONT.) Product

Analysis

Product Information

HydroStraw® HighEfficiency Bonded Fiber Matrix (BFM)

Renewable Wheat Straw Fibers, Natural Fibers For Fiber Matrix Entanglement, NonToxic Soil Stabilizer & Proprietary Tackifier

- Erosion control prevention for difficult sites & conditions including steep slopes - Long natural fibers for maximum matrix entanglement - Contains 10% proprietary formulated soil binding agents

Product

Analysis

Product Information

Wood Fiber Mulch with Tackifier

100% Recycled & Thermally Refined Wood Fiber with Tacking Agent 3®

Fully biodegradable, Hydraulic Mulch (HM) composed of 100% recycled Thermally Refined™ virgin wood fibers derived from whole wood chips. The HM is phytosanitized, free from plastic netting, and upon application forms an intimate bond with the soil surface to create a porous, absorbent and flexible erosion resistant blenket that allows for rapid germination and accelerated plant growth.

Wood Fiber Mulch

100% Recycled & Thermally Refined Wood Fiber

Fully biodegradable, Hydraulic Mulch (HM) composed of 100% recycled Thermally Refined™ virgin wood fibers derived from whole wood chips. The HM is phytosanitized, free from plastic netting, and upon application forms an intimate bond with the soil surface to create a porous, absorbent and flexible erosion resistant blenket that allows for rapid germination and accelerated plant growth.

Profile Products LLC®

HYDRAULIC MULCH

RECLAMATION GUIDE | EROSION CONTROL

Mixing Rates

Functional Longevity

Maximum Continuous Slope

Conditions

34.00 kg/379 litres (75 lb/100 gallons)

6 to 12 months

15.24 m (50')

Difficult Sites

Mixing Rates

Functional Longevity

Maximum Continuous Slope

Conditions

22.68 kg/380 litres (50 lb/100 gallons)

≤ 3 months

9.1 m (30')

22.68 kg/380 litres (50 lb/100 gallons)

≤ 3 months

6.1 m (20')

Slope Condition

Application Rates

≤ 1H to 1V ≤ 2H to 1V ≤ 3H to 1V

5100 kg/ha (4500 lbs./ac) 3900 kg/ha (3500 lbs./ac) 3400 kg/ha (3000 lbs./ac)

Slope Condition

Application Rates

Moderate Sites

>4H to 1V & ≤ 3H to 1V ≤ 4H to 1V

2800 kg/ha (2500 lbs./ ac) 2240 kg/ha (2000 lbs./ac)

Moderate Sites

>4H to 1V & ≤ 3H to 1V ≤ 4H to 1V

2800 kg/ha (2500 lbs./ac) 2240 kg/ha (2000 lbs./ac)

*Packaging for all products is 22.68kg (50lbs) unless otherwise noted

BRETTYOUNG 67

HYDRAULIC MULCH (CONT.) Analysis

Product Information

Cellulose Fiber Mulch with Tackifier

100% Recycled Cellulose Fibers

100% high-quality cellulose mulch with a pre-blended tackifier including high-viscosity colloidal polysaccharides. Tackifier provides extra holding power, increasing protection from seed washout and erosion, eliminates the extra step and mess of field-mixing tackifier, non-toxic, environmentally safe and biodegradable.

Cellulose Fiber Mulch

100% Recycled Cellulose Fibers

- 100% grade-A recycled paper and is the cleanest, most consistent cellulose mulch available. High-quality 100% cellulose fiber mixes in water at an accelerated rate and stays in suspension for more uniform consistency.

- Exclusive defibration and production processes improve water-holding capacity Ideal cover for general seeding.

Wood/Cellulose Blend with Tackifier

67% Thermally Refined® Virgin Wood Fibers, 30% Cellulose Fibers & 3% Tackifier from High-Viscosity Collodial Polysccharides

- Combination of Thermally Refined® wood fiber and highest quality of cellulose mulch with a tackifier including high-viscosity colloidal polysaccharides.

Added tackifier allows for additional moisture retention which enhances seed survival rates.

- Reduced friction in the hose and increased slurry shooting distance. Nontoxic, environmentally safe and biodegradable.

Profile Products LLC®

Product

RECLAMATION GUIDE | EROSION CONTROL

Mixing Rates

Functional Longevity

Maximum Continuous Slope

22.68 kg/380 litres (50 lb/100 gallons)

≤ 3 months

4.6 m (15')

22.68 kg/380 litres (50 lb/100 gallons)

≤ 3 months

22.68 kg/380 litres (50 lb/100 gallons)

≤ 3 months

Slope Condition

Application Rates

General Seeding

≤ 4H to 1V

2240 kg/ha (2000 lbs./ac)

4.6 m (15')

General Seeding

≤ 4H to 1V

2240 kg/ha (2000 lbs./ac)

6.1 m (20')

Moderate Sites

>4H to 1V & ≤ 3H to 1V ≤ 4H to 1V

2800 kg/ha (2500 lbs./ac) 2240 kg/ha (2000 lbs./ac)

Conditions

*Packaging for all products is 22.68kg (50lbs) unless otherwise noted

BRETTYOUNG 69

HYDRAULIC MULCH (CONT.) Analysis

Product Information

Wood/Cellulose Blend

70% Thermally Refined® Virgin Wood Fibers & 30% Cellulose Fibers

- Blend hydraulic mulch combines 100% Thermally Refined® wood fiber with a best in class cellulose fiber to deliver enhanced waterholding capacity, allowing for better germination, fewer washouts and reduced callbacks than other blend products. The blend of wood and cellulose is both easy to mix and spray, combining good yield and erosion control qualities.

- Easy to use and load in equipment - goes into suspension at an accelerated rate, allowing for uniform ground coverage.

- Absorbs water rapidly, forming a homogeneous slurry.

SB 50/50 Blend

48.5% Cellulose Fibers, 48.5% Thermally Refined Wood Fibers, & 3% Tackifier including High-Viscosity collodial Polysccharides

High Performance Mulch line, Profile® SB 50/50 is designed to help you meet changing market conditions.

Performs as well as traditional mulch blends for vegetation establishment, mixes faster with higher loading than traditional wood-based blends, does not form paper-mache crust.

Profile Products LLC®

Product

RECLAMATION GUIDE | EROSION CONTROL

Mixing Rates

Functional Longevity

Maximum Continuous Slope

22.68 kg/380 litres (50 lb/100 gallons)

≤ 3 months

4.6 m (15')

Moderate Sites

>4H to 1V & ≤ 3H to 1V ≤ 4H to 1V

2800 kg/ha (2500 lbs./ac) 2240 kg/ha (2000 lbs./ac)

27.22 kg/380 litres (60 lb/100 gallons)

≤ 3 months

6.1 m (20')

Moderate Sites

>4H to 1V & ≤ 3H to 1V ≤ 4H to 1V

2800 kg/ha (2500 lbs./ac) 2240 kg/ha (2000 lbs./ac)

Conditions

Slope Condition

Application Rates

*Packaging for all products is 22.68kg (50lbs) unless otherwise noted

BRETTYOUNG 71

Profile Products LLC®

HYDRAULIC MULCH (CONT.) Product

Analysis

Product Information

EzFlo™ Blend

47.5% Wood Fibers (maximum), 47.5% Cellulose Fiber (minimum) & 5% Wetting Agents

- EzFlo™ Blend provides the performance of a wood blend with the ease of handling and application found in lesser-performing mulches. Profile EzFlo Blend uses the highest quality cellulose and wood fibers in the industry. Improved germination and erosion control effectiveness, 100% environmentally safe.

- The best option for jetagitated and small tank mechanically-agitated equipment.

HydroStraw® HE Plus

80% Heat & Mechanically Treated Wheat Straw, 6% Natural Fibers, 10% Moisture, 4% Guar Based Tackifier

Biodegradable,High Efficiency Hydraulic Mulch (HM) composed of renewable Heat & Mechanically Treated™ (HMT™) wheat straw fibers, refined pulp fibers and wetting agents (including high-viscosity colloidal polysaccharides). The HM contains no weed seeds or plastic components and upon application forms an intimate bond with the soil surface to create a porous, absorbent and flexible erosion resistant blanket that allows for rapid germination and accelerated plant growth.

RECLAMATION GUIDE | EROSION CONTROL

Mixing Rates

Functional Longevity

Maximum Continuous Slope

22.68 kg/380 litres (50 lb/100 gallons)

≤ 3 months

4.6 m (15')

General Seeding

> 4H to 1V to ≤ 3H to 1V ≤ 4H to 1V

2800 kg/ha (2500 lbs./ac) 2240 kg/ha (2000 lbs./ac)

34.00 kgs/379 litres (75 lbs/100 gallons)

≤ 3 months

9.1 m (30')

Moderate Sites

≤ 2H to 1V ≤ 3H to 1V ≤ 4H to 1V

3900 kg/ha (3500 lbs./ac) 2800 kg/ha (2500 lbs./ac) 2240 kg/ha (2000 lbs./ac)

Conditions

Slope Condition

Application Rates

*Packaging for all products is 22.68kg (50lbs) unless otherwise noted

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HYDRAULIC MULCH (CONT.)

Analysis

Product Information

HydroStraw® HE Original

84% Heat & Mechanically Treated Wheat Straw, 4% Natural Fibers, 2% Moisture, 10% Fiber Binder

Biodegradable, High Efficiency Hydraulic Mulch (HM) composed of renewable Heat & Mechanically Treated™ (HMT™) wheat straw fibers, refined pulp fibers and wetting agents (including high-viscosity colloidal polysaccharides).

The HM contains no weed seeds, plastic components or paper/newsprint, and upon application forms an intimate bond with the soil surface to create a porous, absorbent and flexible erosion resistant blanket that allows for rapid germination and

Profile Products LLC®

Product

DRY MULCH Product

Bale Weight

Functional Longevity

Seed Aide® CoverGrow™ (Granular Mulch)

18 kg (40 lb)

≤ 3 months

ENGINEERED SOIL MEDIA ProGanics™ (Biotic Soil Media)

22.68 kg (50 lb)

Application rate based on % Organic Matter (OM) in existing soil

ProGanics™ Dual

22.68 kg (50 lb)

Application rate based on % Organic

RECLAMATION GUIDE | EROSION CONTROL

Mixing Rates

Functional Longevity

Maximum Continuous Slope

34.00 kg/379 litres (75 lb/100 gallons)

≤ 3 months

4.6 m (15')

Conditions General Seeding

Slope Condition

Application Rates

≤ 2H to 1V ≤ 3H to 1V ≤ 4H to 1V

3900 kg/ha (3500 lbs./ac) 2800 kg/ha (2500 lbs./ac) 2240 kg/ha (2000 lbs./ac)

*Packaging for all products is 22.68kg (50lbs) unless otherwise noted

Conditions

Maximum Continuous Slope

Slope Condition

General Seeding

N/A

3H to 1V 5H to 1V and 4H to 1V Flat to 5H to 1V

Topsoil Alternative

N/A

< 0.75 % OM ≥ 0.75 & < 1.5 % OM ≥ 1.5 & < 2.0 % OM ≥ 2.0 & < 5.0 % OM

Topsoil Alternative + Erosion Control

15.24 m (50')

< 0.75 % OM (>3H to 1V & ≤ 2H to 1V) < 1.5 & ≥ 0.75 % OM (>4H to 1V & ≤ 3H to 1V) < 5.0 & ≥ 1.5 % OM (≤ 4H to 1V)

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HYDRAULIC MULCH ADDITIVES Product

Analysis

Tacking Agent 3®

All-Purpose Tackifier Containing: Polyacrylamide, Acrylamide Copolymer Hydro-Colloid Polymers & Marker Dye

ConTack®

Guar-Based Tackifier

FlocLoc™

Polyacrylamide (PAM) Flocculating Soil Stabilizer

SlikColor™

Enhance Visual Metering

AquaGel™

Super Absorbent Co-Polymer Gel

RECLAMATION GUIDE | EROSION CONTROL

Product Information

Packaging

Mixing Rates

- Multi-dimensional tackifier that requires no cure time - Binds straw/hay, hydraulic mulches and has the ability to control dust on roads - Improves water-holding capacity of mulches

22.68 kg (50 lb)

33.6 to 67.2 kg/ha (30 to 60 lb/ac)

- Alternative where organic-based tackifiers are required

22.68 kg (50 lb) bag

44.8 kg/ha (40 lb/ac)

- Flocculates soil particles suspended in water, dropping them from runoff - Increases shooting distance of the hydraulic mulch slurry due to slickifier - Improves water infiltration into seedbed - Increases water-holding capacity of hydroseeding slurry - Enhances suspension of seeds and fertilizer

18.1 kg (40 lb) pail

3.36 kg/ha (3 lb/ac)

- Concentrated dye marker - Improves visual metering and enhances mulch colour - Slickifier increases the shooting distance of the mulch slurry

2 each X 5 kg (11 lb) jugs/case

3.36 kg/ha (3 lb/ac)

- AquaGel™ B (coarse particles) – Ideal for laying sod and amending planting beds - AquaGel™ D (fine particles) – Ideal for hydroseeding, transplants and dipping roots - Holds up to 400 times its weight in water - Ensures plants and roots get water when needed

2 each X 7.3 kg (16 lb) jugs/case

Hydroseeding: 11.2 kg/ha (10 lb/ac) Root Dipping: 0.5 kg (1 lb) per 151 litres (40 gallons) of water

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Profile Products LLC®

ROLLED PRODUCTS Product

Analysis

Futerra® F4 Netless ECB

Thermally Refined Wood & Degradable Fibers

Futerra® 7003 TRM

Permanent, Resilient Three-Dimensional Matrix Of Thermally Fused Nylon Monofilaments

Futerra® 7010 TRM

Permanent, Resilient Three-Dimensional Matrix Of Thermally Fused Nylon Monofilaments

Futerra® 7020 TRM

Permanent, Resilient Three-Dimensional Matrix Of Thermally Fused Nylon Monofilaments

Futerra® R-45 HP-TRM

Permanent, Resilient Three-Dimensional Matrix Of Thermally Fused Nylon Monofilaments Integrated With High-Tenacity Polyester Geogrid Thermally Fused & Entangled

RECLAMATION GUIDE | EROSION CONTROL

Product Information

Packaging

Mixing Rates

- Lightweight Matrix Provides High Levels Of Slope Protection & Vegetation Establishment - Weed-Free & No Nets Or Threads To Entangle Plants & Animals Or Snare Maintenance Equipment

1.00 m x 27.4 m (3.25' X 90') 1.98 m x 27.4 m (6.5' x 90')

27.4 m2 (292.5 ft2) 54.25 m2 (585 ft2)

- Lighter Weight TRM Cost-Effective Solution - Protection Of Moderate Slopes Or Where Flow Conditions Exceed Limits Of Natural Vegetation - 7.5 mm (0.3) Thick

2.43 m X 68.5 m (8’ X 225’)

166.46 m2 (1800 ft2)

- Mid-Range TRM Designed To Fulfill General Turf Reinforcement - Steeper Slopes & When Moderate Flow Conditions Are Anticipated - 10 mm (0.4) Thick

2.43 m X 51.51 m (8’ X 169’)

125.17 m2 (1352 ft2)

- Designed For Stabilization Of Challenging Sites - Very Steep Slopes & Higher Flow Conditions - 19 mm (0.75) Thick

2.43 m X 34.29 m (8’ X 112.5’)

83.32 m2 (900 ft2)

- High Performance TRM For Extreme Slopes & Extreme Flows - Enhanced UV Stability & Very High Tensile Properties For Heightened Durability - Resistance To Wheel Loading From Maintenance Equipment - 19 mm (0.75) Thick

2.43 m X 27.43 m (8’ X 90’)

66.65 m2 (720 ft2)

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Spyker

Earth Way

SEEDERS/SPREADERS Product

Hopper Type

Features

20 lb. Shoulder Broadcast Seeder/ Spreader

Nylon Bag

- Hand crank operation, zippered nylon bag and rocking agitator

5 lb. Hand Held Calibrated Broadcast Seeder/ Spreader

Plastic

- Hand crank operation, spread fertilizer, seed or ice melt, excellent for small, tight spaces, scoop shape hooper for easy filling

80 lb. Walk Behind Broadcast Seeder/ Spreader

Plastic

- Ergonomically designed handle, bridgefree hopper geometry, all-welded impact-resistant frame, support stand, fully enclosed metal gears, large 13" pneumatic tires

Contact Your BrettYoung Representative for Additional Details

RECLAMATION GUIDE | EROSION CONTROL

BRETTYOUNG 81

FERTILIZER In reclamation, fertilizer is all about playing the long game. Often, you are “setting and forgetting” a project on a site, so you need a slow-releasing fertilizer to help maintain healthy soil — especially for slow-toestablish plants like native grasses.

Fertilizers can help address challenges unique to reclamation projects: • Slow establishment of native grasses: A slow-release or organic slow-release fertilizer that stays biologically active in the soil will help with the establishment of new plants over a longer period.

• Poor soil conditions: Low organic matter or high salt content makes plant establishment very difficult. Look for products with availability and the ability to thrive in salt. Products like TurfRx K+ Micro Crystal and Dakota Rev are great options under this environment.

• Projects are often “one and done”: In most cases, once you’ve completed a reclamation project, you leave the site with no plans to return. So, an organic fertilizer that can slowly release over time is a great tool for unsupervised projects.

RECLAMATION GUIDE | FERTILIZER

BRETTYOUNG 83

PRODUCT FEATURE

Dakota’s REV™ Turf Pro is an all-natural organic plant-based humus for increasing plant health in sodic soil, a common condition found in many reclamation project sites across Canada.

REV has a fantastic probiotic response and increases beneficial microbial activity which assists in the biological health of plants.

Use REV on reclamation project sites to help enhance seed germination in challenging soils. It’ll help to establish quicker roots and a stronger root mass which leads to fewer erosion issues on your project site.

REV’s complex natural organic compound structure and formulation make it effective in almost any growing situation.

This all-natural, organic growth stimulant is a great additive for any horticulture, turf or agricultural application in which you wish to help promote improved growth, strength and overall health.

RECLAMATION GUIDE | FERTILIZER

FERTILIZER Formulation

Product Analysis

Key Features

Granular

11-52-0 Monoammonium Phosphate (MAP)

- Plant available phosphorus source to aid in establishment - Highly soluble, easy to mix with hydroseeding - Good acidifier for your tank mix

Granular

18-24-12 50% Polymer-Coated Sulphur-Coated Urea

- Ideal starter formulation - SRN still available after germination - Balanced formulation

Granular

25-5-10 Stabilized Nitrogen with DDP Micros

- Cost-effective SRN - Balanced formulation to support plant growth - Higher nitrogen for more growth with cover crops

Granular

46-0-0 100% Stabilized Nitrogen

- Cost-effective SRN - Highly soluble, easy to mix with hydroseeding - Great tank mix partner with Redox K+ Micro Crystal

Organic

5-4-5 Eggshell Poultry Compost 60% SRN

- Adds organic matter to poor quality soils - Stimulates microbial activity - Calcium for enhanced plant strength

Liquid

TurfRx K+ Micro Crystal 0-31-52

- High-efficiency potassium and phosphorus source - Highly soluble, easy to mix with hydroseeding - Very low rates for easy loading

Liquid

Dakota REV Natural Organic Plant Based Humus

- All natural organic plant based humus - Enhances seed germination - Increases plant health in sodic conditions

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ASSOCIATIONS As part of our commitment to offering you the most cutting-edge solutions to your reclamation problems, we maintain active association memberships among the world’s leading erosion control and reclamation experts of all professions. We rely on this extended network of professionals to inform our daily decisions and keep pushing our industry — and our own sustainable efforts — forward.

RECLAMATION GUIDE

CANADIAN SEED INSTITUTE The Canadian Seed Institute (CSI) was founded to guarantee quality assurance in the Canadian seed industry. By delivering accreditation and monitoring programs through independent auditors, CSI helps maintain the highest level of quality during the handling, processing and packaging of seed in our country.

We are among the highest-calibre of Canadian seed establishments monitored by CSI through quality system audits and product sampling to uphold our accreditation. csi-ics.com/registered-seed-establishments-rses

WESTERN SEED ASSOCIATION We’re proud to be part of this historic association that gathers seed professionals from across North America and the world to promote the production, selling, and trading of seeds.

WSA advances the seed industry by continuing to enhance the trading of seeds through the promotion of better business, education and information exchange between members.

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CANADIAN LAND RECLAMATION ASSOCIATION Because we do work in the reclamation field across Canada, it’s imperative we connect with other folks in this great, ranging landscape to review best practices and procedures.

The Canadian Land Reclamation Association/association canadienne de réhabilitation des sites dégradés (CLRA/ACRSD) provides its members with up-to-date technical information through not only its annual conferences but the publication of its newsletters and the magazine Canadian Reclamation.

Members meet annually for technical discussion, information exchange and personal interaction. Local activities occur in Alberta, Atlantic Canada, British Columbia, Ontario and Quebec where there are active provincial chapters.

THE INTERNATIONAL EROSION CONTROL ASSOCIATION It’s important we know what research and products are being developed worldwide, and that’s why we’re one of the few Canadian members of the International Erosion Control Association, which represents more than 30 countries.

The International Erosion Control Association (IECA) is a non-profit member organization that provides education and resource information for professionals in the erosion and sediment control industry. IECA’s diverse membership supplies a unique network of specialists who are capable of solving a broad range of problems caused by soil erosion and its by-product — sediment.

RECLAMATION GUIDE

CALMAR, AB

CLIFFORD, ON

(780) 985-7300 1-800-359-5503

(519) 327-7333 1-844-322-5067

WINNIPEG, MB

brettyoung.ca

(204) 261-7932 1-800-665-5015