2018 Southern & Coastal Maine

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Maine’s History Magazine Volume 27 | Issue 8 | 2018

15,000 Circulation

Southern & Coastal Maine

Historic Fort Williams

Edith Rogers

The coastal defense of Portland during times of war

Saco’s influential congresswoman

Boothbay’s Mill Cove

The graveyard of old sailing ships

www.DiscoverMaineMagazine.com facebook.com/discovermaine

Southern & Coastal Maine

2

Inside This Edition

Maine’s History Magazine 3

It Makes No Never Mind James Nalley

5

Historical Saltwater Trout Of Maine These feisty fish are plentiful John Murray

16 Edith Rogers Saco’s influential congresswoman

James Nalley 21 Bridgton’s Remarkable Cleaves Brothers Shining careeers in politics and the law

Charles Francis 26 The Day Herbie Died Long live the king

Kenneth Smith 29 Portland’s Pat’s Meat Market Five generations have made the neighborhood market a success

Brian Swartz 30 Portland’s Charles Loring Jr. U.S. Air Force Major went above and beyond

James Nalley Historic Fort Williams 33 The coastal defense of Portland during times of war

James Nalley 38 Wish I Was In Dixie

The Confederate attack on Portland

Jeffrey Bradley 43 Making Salt Hay As The Sun Shines Productive age-old Scarborough Marsh Jeffrey Bradley 48 Ken MacKenzie Maine’s yodeling cowboy

Charlotte Mayo 50 C hristening A Bath-Built Destroyer Honoring the sacrifice of veterans

James Nalley 54 Boothbay’s Mill Cove The graveyard of old sailing ships

Charles Francis 62 British Politician Angers Brunswick Shipowner favored secession over Civil War Brian Swartz 65 A Murder In Wiscasset The crime didn’t go unpunished

Steve Pinkham

Southern & Coastal Maine

Publisher & Editor Jim Burch

Layout & Design Liana Merdan

Advertising & Sales Manager Tim Maxfield

Advertising & Sales Jennifer Bakst Dennis Burch Tim Maxfield Zack Rouda

Field Representatives Jim Caron George Tatro

Office Manager

Liana Merdan

Contributing Writers

Jeffrey Bradley Charles Francis | fundy67@yahoo.ca Charlotte Mayo John Murray James Nalley Steve Pinkham Kenneth Smith Brian Swartz

Published Annually by CreMark, Inc. 10 Exchange Street, Suite 208 Portland, Maine 04101 Ph (207) 874-7720 info@discovermainemagazine.com www.discovermainemagazine.com Discover Maine Magazine is distributed to town offices, chambers of commerce, banks, credit unions, fraternal organizations, barber shops, beauty salons, newsstands, grocery and convenience stores, hardware stores, lumber companies, motels, restaurants and other locations throughout this part of Maine.

NO PART of this publication may be reproduced without written permission from CreMark, Inc. | Copyright © 2018, CreMark, Inc.

SUBSCRIPTION FORM ON PAGES 32, 56 & 66

Front Cover Photo:

Ross and Butler Store in Springvale, Maine, circa 1890. Item # 5571 from the collections of the Maine Historical Society & www.VintageMaineImages.com

All photos in Discover Maine’s Southern & Coastal Maine edition show Maine as it used to be, and many are from local citizens who love this part of Maine.

Photos are also provided from our collaboration with the Maine Historical Society and the Penobscot Marine Museum.

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It Makes No Never Mind

by James Nalley

E

very year, the radiance of the autumn and the peak foliage (which generally lasts from late October to mid-November) draws throngs of visitors to New England, including Maine. According to state tourism figures, autumn visitors brought in a total of $581 million during last year alone. In regard to fall foliage, there is an informal term used in the United States for activities in which tourists travel both short and long distances to view and admire the changing colors of the leaves: “leaf peeping.” Naturally, those who perform such activities are referred to as “leaf peepers,” who are generally welcomed by local businesses and tourist boards, but looked at with some disdain by residents, since they tend to clog up the local roads and highways.

Now, for those leaf peepers who hate the term and usually resort to saying that they are simply “enjoying the fall foliage,” do not fret, since this activity is held in high esteem in other countries. In fact, there is a similar and very popular custom that occurs every year in Japan. Known as momijigari (literally, momiji (“red leaves”) and

kari (“hunting”), it is the tradition of visiting scenic areas where the leaves of trees have turned a bright red during the autumn months. In Hokkaido, such activities are called kanupukai, which literally means, “getting together to view the leaves.”

Similar to the United States, momijigari is BIG business in Japan. In fact, many websites, newspapers, and television/radio stations are quick to present the autumn foliage season, with appropriate dates.

For example, depending on the region, the leaves change from late September to early December. In this regard, Frommer’s travel guide recently published an article titled, “Skip New England for Leaf-Peeping, Japanese Style,” which highlighted several cities in which visitors can enjoy the spectacular views of the foliage, while participating in everything from a traditional Japanese bath to a round-trip train excursion through the countryside.

For those who choose to remain in Maine, there are numerous options that depart from the southern region of the state.

For instance, according to Maine’s official fall foliage website (www.mainefoliage. com), there are many trip ideas, scenic by-

ways, and suggested hikes, paddles, and rides, all of which will satisfy every type of leaf peeper. The website even divides the state into regions with a helpful “Foliage Color Key” that ranges from “Very Low” to “Past Peak” in order to prevent any disappointment upon arrival to a certain area.

Moreover, by simply entering an email address, you can receive weekly foliage reports!

Well, on this note, let me close with the following outdoor-inspired jest. Martha and John had finally arrived in Alaska for their honeymoon hiking trip across the wilderness. Upon arriving at the local ranger station, they read the following public service announcement: In Alaska, tourists are advised to wear tiny bells on their clothing when hiking in bear country. The bells generally warn away MOST bears. Tourists are also cautioned to watch the ground on the trails, paying particular attention to bear droppings in order to be on the alert for the presence of grizzly bears. One can tell a grizzly bear dropping because it has tiny bells in it…

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Historical Saltwater Trout of Maine

by John Murray

These feisty fish are plentiful

W

hen brook trout are mentioned in the state of Maine, people envision a feisty hard-fighting gamefish which resides in the cold water inland lakes, rivers and forest streams. The notoriety of this beautiful game fish comes with good reason — Maine has produced documented catches of very large brook trout, and the populations are robust.

The official state record brook trout was caught in 1886, and its astonishing documented size of 12.5 pounds would lure many anglers to the brook trout waters of Maine. To this day, in the eastern portion of the United States, it is estimated that nearly 97 percent of the wild native brook trout are swimming within

the pristine waters of Maine. To put the healthy Maine brook trout population into perspective, there are more than 500 lakes and ponds that have robust populations, along with an estimated 22,000 miles of stream and river habitat that contain brook trout.

As famous as these inland brook trout are, these colorful game fish have a secret that is unknown to many of today’s anglers that visit our state. Surprisingly to many is the fact that there are brook trout that swim in the Atlantic Ocean along the coastal section of Maine. These brook trout are anadromous, and are capable of living in both fresh and saltwater. This is a unique trait which is also shared with the Pa-

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cific salmon and steelhead trout of the west coast, and the Atlantic salmon of the northeast region. These coastal brook trout freely migrate between the Atlantic Ocean and connecting freshwater streams that flow into the ocean.

Fisheries biologists believe that in the past, most coastal freshwater streams that entered the Atlantic Ocean had populations of these migratory anadromous brook trout. Anglers of the 1800s were well aware of these brook trout that entered the saltwater, and were especially interested due to the large size these trout could attain.

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(cont. from page 5) the northeast coast until the fish populations dropped due to extreme fishing pressure. When the coastal brook trout became scarce, the anglers went inland to target the higher populations of brook trout in the ponds, lakes and mountain streams and rivers.

One of the most famous anglers of the past that frequented numerous coastal streams along the northeast was Senator Daniel Webster. An avid fisherman that fished up until his death in 1852, Senator Webster claimed catching a 14 ½ pound saltwater brook trout from an undisclosed location. Even though the actual size of this reported brook trout was never officially verified, stories of a brook trout that attained this large size helped promote interest from many other anglers back in those days.

Even though historical populations have declined over the years due to negative interaction with human ac-

tivity — mostly unregulated fishing pressure of the past, and construction of dams during the industrialization era — populations of these anadromous brook trout are still present. Recent surveys have determined that Maine still possesses a sizeable number of the freshwater streams that contain populations of these brook trout that frequently enter the Atlantic Ocean. Maine is estimated to have 317 coastal streams that contain populations of anadromous brook trout, and this number of streams is dramatically higher than any other state in the northeast.

An ability to tolerate both fresh and saltwater has nurtured a resilient species of brook trout. These migratory brook trout are robust and healthy, and that may very well be linked to their ability to spend time in the Atlantic Ocean. The Atlantic Ocean has a diverse food source for the brook trout to dine on, including multiple popula-

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tions of small forage fish and saltwater shrimp. It is believed that the nutrientrich food sources of the Atlantic is the key to the health and reproduction of the anadromous brook trout.

The durations of migration to the Atlantic Ocean is still mystifying to fisheries biologists. It’s suspected that the migration to the ocean could also be a survival tactic to escape from the warm low summer flows that many coastal streams experience in Maine, or perhaps the brook trout enter the coastal streams to avoid the harsh winter of the frigid Atlantic Ocean. Brook trout are quite temperature sensitive, and it is common for them to seek out the most compatible water temperature. Coastal stream surveys have concluded that some anadromous brook trout may spend a few weeks in the cooler Atlantic Ocean, and other migratory brook trout may spend months in the saltwater of the Atlantic.

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Brook trout migration may be linked completely to following and capitalizing on a food source unique to the ocean. If a source of forage is present during a certain time period, the brook trout will be present at the same time to readily dine on this available food.

Another mystery is how far these migratory brook trout will travel into the depths of the Atlantic Ocean. Anglers have captured them in the coastal bays near the freshwater tributaries, but it has yet to be determined if they venture further out into the Ocean.

Migration for the purpose of successful breeding and egg laying is another factor that has been considered.

Brook trout spawn during the fall season, and these trout which have spent a portion of the summer in the Atlantic Ocean will migrate into the freshwater coastal streams to accomplish this task.

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ter streams, and the male brook trout fertilize the eggs in the same streams.

These migratory brook trout appear to be genetically linked to their freshwater stream where they themselves were born. Brook trout that are born in a certain freshwater coastal stream will certainly return to the same stream for breeding purposes later in their life span.

Coastal freshwater streams are actually considered a nursery for the small juvenile brook trout. These juvenile brook trout will remain in the coastal stream until they are strong and large enough to migrate – and survive in the Atlantic Ocean. The larger adult brook trout will more readily migrate in and out of the coastal freshwater stream into the ocean.

Today, conservation groups including the Sea Run Brook Trout Coalition and Trout Unlimited are documenting existing populations of these unique

trout, and hoping to restore trout populations in historic fisheries throughout Maine and other parts of the northeast.

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Franklin E. Lawry, Co. G, 27th Maine Infantry; Isaac Pray, and Robert Cutts Gunnison, seated at bottom center, were veterans of the American Civil War. Item #4164 from the collections of the Maine Historical Society and www.VintageMaineImages.com

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Sanford Electric Railroad, ca. 1900. Item # 5573 from the collections of the Maine Historical Society and www.VintageMaineImages.com

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Chestnut Street School Thanksgiving play in Portland, ca. 1924. Item # 109 from the collections of the Maine Historical Society / Maine Today Media and www.VintageMaineImages.com

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Edith Rogers Saco’s influential congresswoman

by James Nalley

O

n March 28, 1925, John Jacob Rogers, a 44-year old Congressman from Massachusetts died during the middle of his seventh term in Washington, D.C. Pressured by both the Republican Party and the American Legion (who approved of her experience with veteran’s issues), his widow ran as a Republican candidate to replace her late husband’s seat in Congress. In a special election held against the former Governor of Massachusetts, she won a landslide victory with 72 percent of the vote and became one of the first women to serve in the U.S. Congress. She would go on to serve in 18 consecutive terms and even though she chose not run, she was even considered

as the strongest candidate for U.S. Senate in 1958 against the much younger John F. Kennedy.

Edith Nourse was born in Saco on March 19, 1881. The daughter of Franklin Nourse, a textile mill manager, and Edith Riversmith, a church volunteer and social activist, Nourse grew up in a household of privilege while still being aware of social causes. Her education was unlike any of the other children in the neighborhood. She was privately tutored until the age of 14 and continued on as a student at the Rogers Hall School (a private boarding school) in Lowell, Massachusetts, and Madame Julien’s School, which was a finishing school in Paris, France. Much like her (cont. on page 18)

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(cont. from page 16) mother, she volunteered all of her spare time with the church in a variety of local charities.

In 1907, at the relatively late age of 26, she married John Jacob Rogers, who was a recent graduate of Harvard Law School. After practicing law for four years in Lowell, he became involved with the city government and eventually won a seat in the U.S. Congress in 1912.

It was during his years of service that Edith gained the experience that she would become known for. From 1917 to 1922, she served as a “Gray Lady” for the American Red Cross in France and at the well-known Walter Reed Army Medical Center in Washington, D.C. During this five-year period, she witnessed the overall conditions faced by women employees and volunteers.

Despite their complete devotion to their work, there were no benefits, housing, food, legal protection or compensation

for their families in case of accidental death. Surprisingly, women in England and France received all of the military benefits and financial responsibilities.

Her complaints were eventually heard by President Warren G. Harding, who appointed her as the government’s inspector of new veterans’ hospitals from 1922 to 1923. Ironically, her appointment was a symbolic position that came with an annual salary of one dollar. Despite the “salary,” she faithfully reported detailed conditions for both the Coolidge and Hoover administrations.

After the unfortunate death of her husband and her successful Congressional campaign, Rogers began her term as the first woman elected to Congress from New England on June 30, 1925. Due to her experience and overall charisma, Rogers was deemed capable by all of her male peers, and she quickly became a role model for

younger Congresswomen. She was an active legislator who sponsored more than 1,200 bills (with more than half of them focused on military and veteran issues) such as benefits for disabled veterans and a permanent nursing corps. Outside of military topics, she was also a staunch advocate for the textile industries in Massachusetts, where she fought for equal pay for women and limited their work week to 48 hours.

In the years surrounding World War II, Rogers served on a wide array of active committees that included Foreign Affairs, Civil Service and Veterans’ Affairs. She was even one of the first Congressional members to speak out against Adolf Hitler’s treatment of the Jewish people. As co-sponsor of the Wagner-Rogers Bill introduced in Feb. 1939, it would have allowed 20,000 German-Jewish refugees under the age of 14 to settle in the United States. Even though the bill was supported by a va-

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riety of religious groups and the media, it was strongly opposed by powerful groups who believed that help begins at home and not abroad. The bill subsequently failed, and it probably caused the eventual deaths of the refugees in the extermination camps later in the war.

On the other hand, Rogers’ volunteer service in World War I had inspired her to sponsor another bill to establish a Women’s Army Auxiliary Corps (WAAC) in early 1941 that was separate from the existing Army Nurse Corps. According to the U.S. Army Center of Military History: Rogers remembered the female civilians who had worked overseas with the Army under contract as volunteers during World War I. Because these women had served the Army without benefit of official status, they had to obtain their own

food and quarters, and they received no legal protection or medical care. Upon their return home they were not entitled to the benefits or pensions available to U.S. military veterans.

The bill languished in the Congress with strong opposition until the attack on Pearl Harbor on Dec.7, 1941 changed everything. With the U.S. now involved in two overseas campaigns, Rogers received the support of Army Chief of Staff George Marshall and re-introduced the bill that gave full military status to women but with a corps limit of 150,000. It was signed into law by President Franklin D. Roosevelt in May 1942. For the first time, these women (now known as the Women’s Army Corps or WAC) were given food, clothing, housing, training, medical care, and most importantly, a salary. To appease politicians that were

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against the appointment of women in the military, it even included a clause that prevented them from having command authority over men. Despite bad rumors by both the public and the press that made fictitious claims of women getting pregnant and spreading venereal disease, the program excelled. By June 1943, enlistment in the WAC program reached 60,000. They served in a variety of positions that even included the front lines in both Europe and the South Pacific where they earned more than 500 Bronze Stars and 16 Purple Hearts. In 1967, Congress lifted the restriction on promotions, which allowed the first WAC generals, and on Oct. 29, 1978, the WAC program was discontinued since women had officially become part of the U.S. Regular Army.

But Rogers’ service was not limited to women alone. In 1944 she helped to co-sponsor the G.I. Bill that provided education and vocational training for (cont. on page 20 )

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(cont. from page 19) returning servicemen. After President Roosevelt signed it into law in June 1944, approximately half of the returning veterans continued on to college.

During her remaining years of service, she supported Senator Joseph McCarthy and his Committee on Un-American Activities, and adamantly opposed sending U.S. troops to Vietnam.

On Sept. 10, 1960, during her record 19th re-election campaign, Edith Rogers died in Boston, Massachusetts at the age of 79. She was buried next to her husband in Lowell Cemetery in Lowell, Massachusetts. Her career spanned almost four decades but her contributions have changed the lives of millions to this day.

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Bridgton’s Remarkable Cleaves Brothers Shining careers in politics and the law

by Charles Francis

T

he State Court Library system branch in Portland is the oldest law library in Maine. It contains some of the oldest law books and most unique collections of legal research materials, not only in Maine, but the country. It exists for use by members of the Maine Bar Association.

While the library is well known among Maine attorneys, few outside the legal community are familiar with it. Fewer still are aware of the library’s direct ties to the town of Bridgton.

The formal name of the State Court Library branch in Portland is the Na-

than and Henry B. Cleaves Law Library, named for two brothers born in Bridgton. Nathan and Henry Cleaves were distinguished members of the legal profession. That they were respected members of the bar is just one of the reasons the two men were so remarkable. Their accomplishments range from the prevention of cruelty to animals to rising to the governor’s seat in Augusta.

Nathan and Henry B. Cleaves were the sons of Thomas and Sophia (Bradstreet) Cleaves.

Nathan was the older of the two, and was born in Bridgton in 1835.

Henry was born in 1840. In addition, there were three other children. Nathan Cleaves followed academic routes that led him directly to the legal profession, and eventually a position as a judge.

Henry’s career path included service in the Union army during the Civil War and a stint farming in Bridgton. He was eventually elected Governor of Maine.

The fact that the venerable law library of Cumberland County bears the name of two Bridgton men is a tribute to their high degree of accomplishment in their chosen profession, one that places them in the ranks of the founders of the library. (cont. on page 22)

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(cont. from page 21) Those founders were Prentiss Mellon, Maine’s first Chief Justice, Stephen Longfellow and Simon Greenleaf, one of Harvard Law School’s greatest legal scholars, and the first recorder of the Maine Supreme Judicial Court.

Nathan Cleaves attended Bridgton schools before enrolling in Bowdoin College. Upon graduating in 1858, he read for the law in the offices of Judge Joseph Howard of Portland. He then opened an office in Bowdoinham. In 1862 he went into partnership with Congressman L.D.M. Sweat in Portland. In 1864 he formed a new partnership with his old mentor Judge Howard, and the firm of Howard & Cleaves would eventually become known as Nathan & Henry B. Cleaves.

Henry Cleaves’ journey to the legal profession was a good deal more convoluted than that of his brother Nathan. After completing his schooling in Bridgton, Henry took up farm-

ing. In 1862 he enlisted in the army as a private, and eventually rose to the rank of lieutenant. His service ranged from the Gulf Theater, to Virginia, to the Shenandoah Valley, and included the command of a company, a unique accomplishment for a lieutenant. He assumed command upon the death of his immediate superiors and was so successful that he was offered a commission in the regular army, which he declined. Following the war Henry Cleaves returned to Bridgton and farming. He took up the study of law and went into partnership with his brother, Nathan.

Both Cleaves brothers served at various times in the Maine Legislature as, ironically, members of opposing parties. Nathan Cleaves was a life-long Democrat, while Henry was a Republican. Henry cast his first vote in a presidential election for Abraham Lincoln when he was in the Army. While Henry

supported James G. Blaine for president, Nathan led the Maine delegation that supported Grover Cleveland at the Democratic Convention.

Nathan Cleaves was more of a businessman than Henry, who seemed to naturally gravitate towards politics.

Nathan’s business interests included president of the Ellsworth Water Company and directorships with banks in Bar Harbor and Westbrook. He was also a founder, as well as president, of the Maine Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals. He was also a probate judge.

Prior to being elected Governor of Maine, Henry was twice Maine’s Attorney General. As such, he acquired a reputation as a crusader who prosecuted cases against various railroads that violated Maine regulatory statutes.

He was also an outspoken advocate for Union Army veterans. He once, at no cost, defended a disabled veteran

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named William Best. The case had international consequence, and Best, who was from New Brunswick, had volunteered for the Army in Maine. Later, after he had settled in Maine, authorities in New Brunswick wanted him extradited on charges in his home province.

Cleaves won the case.

Nathan Cleaves died in 1892. At the time, he was working on behalf of the election campaign of Grover Cleveland for president. That same year, Henry assumed the governorship of Maine as a Republican. He defeated his opponent, Charles Johnson, by a landslide, a final vote of 69,322 to 55,397. Henry died in 1912.

Since 1868 the law library for Cumberland County had been in the old Portland City Hall. It included books and materials that had been donated by the descendants of Simon Greenleaf.

In 1908 the building was destroyed by fire. The facility was then relocated to the Federal Courthouse, and much

of the library’s contents was donated to the Cumberland Bar Association by Henry Cleaves. In 1940 the library’s name was changed to the Nathan and Henry B. Cleaves Law Library in memory of the two remarkable brothers from Bridgton.

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National Camps circa 1916, which later became Migis Lodge in Casco. Item # LB2007.1.111969 from the Eastern Illustrating & Publishing Co. Collection and www.PenobscotMarineMuseum.org

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View of the Snow House in Gray, circa 1951. Item # LB2008.14.115266 from the Eastern Illustrating & Publishing Co. Collection and www.PenobscotMarineMuseum.org

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The Day Herbie Died

by Kenneth Smith

T

he year was 1798, a scant 15 years before a rag-tag group of rebel farmers and shopkeepers had, after eight years of bloody war, defeated the mightiest army on the planet.

Thirteen colonies in North America had thrown off the British yoke. Our Republic was born. President Washington was starting his second term in office.

Downeast, in the Commonwealth province of Maine, in the small village of Yarmouth, York County, (the only county in Maine at that time), a tiny American Elm sprout appeared. Now this was not any old Elm, but a tree of destiny.

January 18, 2010 a Monday – a Nor’easter snowstorm pounded coastal Maine. In Yarmouth, Herbie, the colos-

Long live the king sal elm, was granted a one-day reprieve.

The largest, long-lived American Elm in New England has survived 217 years and would stand yet one more day.

January 19, Tuesday – any tree dead or alive with a girth (D.B.H.) of twenty-five feet, one hundred ten feet tall with a former canopy of thirty feet, deserves special notice. Herbie had been officially pronounced dead and Whitney Tree Service of Gray would fell the wood warrior. No mean feat, considering Herbie’s mass. With crane, cable and chain saws they would skillfully remove the monster elm.

So, it was after a five-hour assault that the giant elm was just a shadow of its former self. Most of its limbs, previously amputated, crashed to Earth.

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Each species of tree, like all God’s creatures, has a given life span. Herbie had used up several.

Among the group of hardy townsfolk who witnessed the event were two special people. Next door neighbor Donna Felkes had affectionately named ‘Herbie’. Frank Knight, 101 years of age, was the town’s retired Tree Warden. He had been Herbie’s chief guardian for fifty years, sheparding the colossus through a dozen bouts of Dutch Elm disease. Mr. Knight sprayed, pruned dead branches and even inoculated the trunk. These measures delayed the inevitable demise. National News Network picked up on the story, lamenting Herbie’s fate. He was now a celebrity.

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Early in the 20th century a merchant vessel loaded with elm logs sailed for Holland. These logs contained a small Bark Beetle which carried a deadly spore that would eventually wipe out our magnificent American Elm. This excellent, handsome species had canopied New England towns, cities, farms, countryside and highways for three centuries.

Insidious Dutch Elm pathogens strangled the tubes that carried water and nutrients into the upper foliage.

Trees would die from the top down.

A single scorched branch signaled the elm’s death knell.

Unfortunately, no tree species is immune from insect or disease assault.

Chestnut Blight, Spruce Budworm, White Pine Weevil and Blister Rust, Beech Scale – Hemlock Hooper, Balsam Wooly Aphid, Gypsy Moth, and Tent caterpillars are just a few of the threats to Maine forests.

Monoculture of trees, naturally or planted artificially, create large stands

or groves of specific species. When pests or diseases attack they spread like wildfire from one tree to another. There is no simplest solution to this dilemma.

The good news is that this titanic elm did not die in vain, thanks to ‘Project Herbie’. The manufacture and sale of cutting boards, wooden book marks and commemorative medallions were created from Herbie’s lumber.

Town Community Service and Estabrooks on Main Street in Yarmouth devoted the money from Herbie items to find a tree trust to promote tree planting and preventive treatment for existing town trees.

More promising news involves the development of a Dutch Elm resistant strain of elm. Hopefully in the distant future elm canopies may again grace and shelter our communities, as they do in Castine, with its 300 living elms.

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Typical gill netter tied up at the wharf in Portland. Item # LB1992.301.11 from the Atlantic Fisherman collection and www.PenobscotMarineMuseum.org

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Portland’s Pat’s Meat Market Five generations have made the neighborhood market a success

by Brian Swartz

R

oots can run deep in Portland, where five generations of the Vacchiano family have operated Pat’s Meat Market for the past century.

Born in Italy circa 1876, Giosuelo Vacchiano emigrated to the United States in 1901 and settled in Portland’s Little Italy. According to great-great grandson Nick Vacchiano, “Big Joe” (as everyone knew him) came from Vecchiano, located near Pisa. Giosuelo married Rosina Sicuressa, and their son Pasquale (known as “Pat”) was born in Maine in 1908.

In 1917 or 1918, Big Joe opened a meat market on India Street in Portland, under the Florence Hotel, which is now Micucci’s Market.

Learning the trade from his father, Pat opened his own market on Free Street.

The market was called Sanitary Meat Market. A few years later he relocated his business to Congress Street, on the cor-

ner of Washington Avenue, and called it Pat’s.

Pat married Lillian Nelson and moved Pat’s Meat Market in 1951 to 484 Stevens Avenue in Deering Center, its current location. That same year, Pat’s son, Joe, joined him in the business after attending Bowdoin College.

Nick described Joseph (his grandfather) as “a really humble person” who successfully “reached across different communities. He was Italian, and he made friends with everybody; that’s our secret, appealing to everyone.”

According to Nick, Joe Vacchiano “went to the Olympic trials and held the world’s unofficial record for the shot put.

He injured himself, so he couldn’t participate.”

Joe worked at Pat’s Meat Market from 1951 to 2001 and owned the market until giving it to his son Jaime in 1986. Joe died in mid-January 2014 just before Nick’s twin sons, Joe and Gus, were born.

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Elliot and Nick Vacchiano have worked with their father at Pat’s Meat Market for the last 20 years. Described

by Nick as a “neighborhood grocery store,” Pat’s represents the best of what once was a neighborhood staple throughout Portland.

“There were a lot of us, little meat markets and butchers, grocery stores like A&P,” Nick said. “We are one of the last ones. There is a lot of history here, as far as how many other little grocery stores disappeared in the 1960s” as Americans’ grocery-shopping habits changed.

“We are a full grocery store, specializing in cuts of meat of better value and price than you find elsewhere,” Nick said. “We pretty much have everything” in terms of groceries, and Pat’s serves lunch in its deli. As they have for the last 100 years, Pat’s Meat Market customers relish the quality of the food items available at the market and the level of customer service found there.

Southern & Coastal Maine

30

Portland’s Charles Loring Jr. U.S. Air Force Major went above and beyond

by James Nalley

A

missions with the 80th Fighter-Bomber Squadron. In November of that year, he made the ultimate sacrifice to protect the United Nations (UN) Command troops on the ground.

Born in Portland on October 2, 1918, Charles Loring Jr. attended Cheverus High School and graduated in 1937.

At the age of 23, he immediately enlisted in the U.S. Army at the outbreak of World War II. After joining the U.S. Army Air Corps (USAAC) as a private in March 1942, Loring was selected as an aviation cadet in the USAAC preflight school at Maxwell Air Force Base in Montgomery, Alabama. After successfully completing his basic and ad-

mong the many examples of the resilience, determination, and courage of U.S. soldiers and pilots, the ones that stand out are those in which the individual knowingly sacrifices him/herself for the cause. U.S. Air Force Major and Medal of Honor recipient Charles Loring Jr. is one such example. After flying 55 combat missions in his P-47 Thunderbolt in World War II, he was shot down over Belgium and captured by the Germans, after which he spent six months as a German prisoner of war (POW). In 1952, he was transferred from his administrative role to combat duty in Korea, where he flew F-80 Shooting Stars for more than 50

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DiscoverMaineMagazine.com vanced flight training courses, he was commissioned as a second lieutenant in the U.S. Army Reserve. In December 1942, Loring was assigned to the 22nd Fighter Squadron in Puerto Rico, where he flew anti-submarine patrols (in P-39 Airacobras and P-40 Warhawks) over the Caribbean Sea. Subsequently, Loring was sent to Charleston, South Carolina, where he trained to fly P-47 Thunderbolts.

In April 1944, Loring and his fellow pilots were assigned to the 36th Fighter Group in Kent, England, where they would serve as fighter escorts and perform reconnaissance missions prior to Operation Overlord (D-Day) in June of that year. On June 12, 1944, Loring earned the Distinguished Flying Cross for destroying 10 enemy armored vehicles in France. By December of that year, Loring had flown 55 combat missions. However, on December 24, his P-47 was hit by flak over Belgium, after which he was captured by the Germans

and taken as a POW. After six months in a German POW camp, Loring was freed on May 5, 1945, just three days before the end the war in Europe (V-E Day). After the war, Loring was promoted to captain and served in various administrative roles, including the Air University in Montgomery, Alabama, which was the U.S. Air Force’s center for professional military education.

In February 1952, approximately two years after the outbreak of the Korean War, Loring was assigned to the 2353rd Personnel Processing Squadron in Pittsburg, California, after which his unit was immediately sent to South Korea. Upon his arrival, Loring was assigned to the 9th Fighter-Bomber Wing to supervise the training of replacement pilots and fly with the new pilots of the 36th and 80th Fighter-Bomber Squadrons. In July of that year, Loring was appointed as the operations officer of the 36th Fighter-Bomber Squadron and returned to combat as an F-80 Shooting

Star (jet aircraft) fighter pilot. His missions primarily consisted of conducting air strikes on strategic targets and providing air support for UN Command troops on the ground. More specifically, Loring’s missions included North Korean and Chinese targets.

By November 1952, Loring had flown 50 combat missions. During that month, Operation Showdown was launched, which was a battle between UN forces (with additional support by the U.S. Air Force) and the 12th and 15th Corps of the People’s Republic of China. The immediate target was Triangle Hill, a forested ridge of high ground near the Korean Demilitarized Zone (DMZ). Despite the clear superiority in artillery and aircraft, escalating U.S. and South Korean casualties resulted in the battle being halted after approximately 40 days of fighting. As a result, the Chinese forces regained their original positions. (cont. on page 32)

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(cont. from page 31) During this battle, the Chinese forces amassed 133 large caliber guns, 24 BM13 rocket launchers, and 47 anti-aircraft guns, thus forcing the UN troops to rely on the U.S. Air Force to destroy or attempt to destroy such firepower. On the morning of November 22, 1952, Loring led a squadron of F-80s over Kunwha, where he spotted a concentration of artillery that had pinned down UN ground troops on a ridge. However, after initiating his dive-bombing run, he was targeted by the anti-aircraft battery, which managed to strike the nose and fuselage of his aircraft. After his wingmen noted the damage, they suggested that he abort the mission and fly safely back to base. Instead, at approximately 4,000 feet, Loring ceased all radio contact, accelerated his aircraft, and dove directly into the battery position, effectively destroying it as the other pilots watched. Loring’s remains were never recovered and he was officially listed

as “missing in action, presumed dead.”

In May 1954, Loring’s widow received her husband’s Medal of Honor from President Dwight D. Eisenhower. At the same ceremony, it was announced that a newly built Air Force base in Limestone, Maine, was to be named in his honor. Other locations that honor Loring include: A marker at Arlington National Cemetery, Loring Memorial Park in Portland, the Amvets Post 25 in Portland, and the combined enlisted/officer club at Kunsan Air Base in South Korea. Regarding his actions, perhaps it is best stated in his Medal of Honor citation: “Loring distinguished himself by gallantry and intrepidity at the risk of life above and beyond the call of duty.”

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Historic Fort Williams The coastal defense of Portland during times of war

by James Nalley

E

stablished in 1979, Fort Williams in Cape Elizabeth is a 90-acre park that offers visitors numerous hiking opportunities, picnic facilities, and spectacular views of the ocean.

As is well known, it is also the home of the famous Portland Head Light, which “Smithsonian Magazine” called “one of the most photographed lighthouses in America.” However, prior to this relatively tranquil time in history, Fort Williams was once a strategic U.S. Army fort, due to its prime location on the Maine Coast.

In 1872 a 14-acre parcel of land was purchased near Portland Head Light to serve as a sub-post for Fort Preble in South Portland. This fortification was officially named “Fort Williams,” in

honor of Major General Seth Williams, who served as Assistant Adjutant General of the Union Army during the Civil War. By the turn of the century, Fort Williams had grown to its current 90acre size. In addition, the fort contained three formidable gun batteries: Battery Sullivan, with two 10-inch disappearing guns; Battery DeHart, with three 10-inch disappearing guns; and Battery Hobart, with one 6-inch Armstrong gun, all of which were built between 1896 and 1898. In this case, the term “disappearing gun” refers to an obsolete type of artillery, which enables the gun to “hide” from direct fire and observation. According to Mark Berhow, in his book titled, American Seacoast Defenses, three other gun batteries

were subsequently added: Battery Blair in 1903, with two 12-inch disappearing guns; Battery Garesche in 1906, with two 6-inch disappearing guns; and Battery Keyes in 1906, with two 3-inch rapid-fire guns. This part of the Maine coast was well protected. Battery Keyes was particularly effective.

As stated by Kenneth Thompson, Jr. in Portland Head Light & Fort Williams, this small battery was “designed to defend against small, fast attack boats in a point-and-shoot manner…The battery also included a mine observation station built on the top to relay information on ship locations to the mine officers in the Mining Casemate on the other side of Ship Cove for firing the (cont. on page 34)

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(cont. from page 33) electronically controlled mines.”

After the United States officially entered World War I in 1917, Fort Williams had become fully active and it included members of the Coast Artillery Corps and the Maine National Guard.

In the same year, the two 10-inch guns from Battery Sullivan and the two 6-inch guns from Battery Garesche were supposed to be sent to France.

However, only one of the 6-inch guns was sent to the Western Front. According to the U.S. Army Coast Artillery Corps 1901-1950, none of the forces in France equipped with 6-inch guns completed training in time for the guns to be used before the Armistice. By the end of the war, Fort Williams had seen no major action, but it remained a threatening presence on the coast.

Between World War I and the outbreak of World War II, one the fort’s buildings housed 155-mm guns, which were based on the French-designed

Canon de 155 Grande Puissance Filloux (GPF) guns used by the French Army and the U.S. Army during the first half of the 20th century. As stated

by Berhow, “Panama mounts” or circular concrete platforms “were constructed at Fort Baldwin in Phippsburg and

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DiscoverMaineMagazine.com During World War II, Fort Williams naturally served as the headquarters for the Harbor Defenses of Portland.

According to Berhow, the major units were the 8th Coast Artillery Regiment of the U.S. Army and the 240th Coast Artillery Regiment of the Maine National Guard. It is important to note that, although such coastal defenses were important, their actual function was to deal with any surface ships aiming to conduct a direct attack on the coast.

Considering that it would be suicidal for such ships to do so, covert operations were usually left to the German U-boats. In this regard, the batteries at Fort Williams would only be able to attack a U-boat that had surfaced just off the coast. Thus, with little or no threat from surface ships, especially during 1943 and 1944, the coastal defenses were scaled down, the Coast Artillery regiments were significantly reduced, and the personnel were reassigned to other areas. Berhow also added that

“Fort Williams received its last guns in 1943, in the form of four 90-mm dual-purpose guns, the emplacements for two of which remain a bit south of the lighthouse.”

By 1950, after the aging guns had long been removed, Fort Williams adjusted to the times and became part of the Lashup Radar Network, which was a Cold War radar netting system for air defense surveillance. Referred to as “Site L-2,” it included a TPS-1B radar (a long-range search radar) operated by the 657th Aircraft Control and Warning Squadron (AC & W). Despite its importance, the radar station only operated from January to September 1951, after which it was deactivated in October of the same year. According to Lloyd Cornett and Mildred Johnson in A Handbook of Aerospace Defense Organization 1946-1980, Fort Williams then became an Air National Guard training site, which included “the 127th AC & W Squadron and the 677th AC &

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W Squadron.”

On June 30, 1962, after more than 90 years of service, Fort Williams was officially closed. It was eventually purchased by the Town of Cape Elizabeth in 1964. As stated by Edward Murphy in the Portland Press-Herald article titled, “History Buried at Fort Williams Park,” many of the fort’s buildings were gradually torn down…most of the concrete bunkers and gun emplacements were backfilled.” However, he also stated that Batteries Keyes, Hobart, and Garesche remain relatively intact.

According to Joe Edgar, the Director of the Fort Williams Charitable Foundation, “Battery Blair was covered over for aesthetic and safety reasons…Children liked climbing over and through the structure, and the town was worried about injuries and liability.”

Since its transformation from a military installation into a public park, Fort Williams continues to welcome thou(cont. on page 37)

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DiscoverMaineMagazine.com (cont. from page 35) sands of visitors who stroll the ruins and reminisce about a time when this tract of land once served a more strategic purpose. On a closing note, although the guns were never fired in battle, they were, in fact, test-fired. Murphy stated that “the two guns at Battery Blair were test-fired on December 8, 1941 (the day after Pearl Harbor was attacked), and the shock wave blew out the walls of some garages that had been built nearby.” Apparently, some re-designs were necessary.

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Wish I Was In Dixie The Confederate attack on Portland

by Jeffrey Bradley

F

ourth of July 1863 might well be the turning point of the Civil War. In far-o Pennsylvania General George Gordon Meade watched as Lee’s army shattered on the breastworks of Gettysburg just hours before Vicksburg fell to Grant in events showing all too clearly that the high tide of the Confederacy had come and gone.

Only days earlier Southern chances had seemed brighter when a captured Maine fishing vessel out of Southport but captained by rebel Lt. Charles “Savvy� Read, staged a daring and devious raid on Portland Harbor.

With Commander JT Wood in the CSS Tallahassee — a powerful Southern commerce raider, or cruiser, respon-

sible with others for sinking or idling nearly a million tons of Union shipping (some of it here o the coast of Maine) spreading havoc all spring and only recently and insolently putting in at nearby Halifax for refitting (Canada was officially neutral but leaned heavily toward Southern independence) — Read’s brazen foray into the very heart of Yankeedom on Federal Wharf whipped this hysteria into a frenzy.

And Northern newspaper headlines were quick to blare the latest Rebel outrage worldwide.

Commerce raiders were a dramatic part of the “counter-defensive� strategy employed by the South involving forts, “torpedoes,� gunboats, blockade

runners and cruisers to prowl the high seas and disrupt Union advantages, especially Lincoln’s Anaconda Plan of wrapping ports from Virginia to Texas in a stifling blockade designed to choke the rebellion. Eorts like these, like the Confederate nation itself, were strictly by-the-seat-of-the-pants responses.

The South would always remain hopelessly outclassed by the North’s formidable resources.

Sporting spindly masts and two raked funnels amidships, the low-profile commerce raiders from a distance presented an indistinct silhouette approaching the vanishing point. Superbly designed, hard-hitting and hard to hit, they preferred ambush to fighting

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DiscoverMaineMagazine.com with capital ships. The much-feared, British-built Tallahassee, for example, outfitted with twin screws instead of paddlewheels, could drive through the waves at 17 knots, and, highly maneuverable, she could also turn on a dime, or at least on her own axis. At 220 feet long, with a 24-foot beam, she displaced 700 tons and drew just 14 feet of water. Before putting in at Halifax, the Tallahassee earned the title “scourge of the Atlantic” for destroying 26 vessels in 19 days!

Disguised as foreign merchantmen, these Southern marauders pounced before their quarry even realized they were under attack.

So disruptive was the Tallahassee, in fact, that slipping into Portland Harbor to purloin a US Naval vessel idling at dock proved relatively easy for “Savvy” Read’s saboteurs. During Tallahassee’s spring rampage, Captain “Savvy” had been busy himself pillaging New England’s coasts in a ship seized earlier

off Florida. Transferring his command aboard that bark, the Tacony, preparatory to burning his own ship, the Clarence. In this newly-captured prize Read ably sank, converted, or otherwise made inoperable 15 vessels formerly serving the US Navy.

Unfortunately, Tacony at heart was really a blockade runner; coal-fired, she was tied to land-based supplies and could not spend the time at sea a raider required. On June 24, with a passle of enemy warships closing in, “Savvy” Read solved this dilemma in his usual manner. He captured and boarded — preparatory to burning, of course, the Tacony — the hapless fishing vessel Archer that he’d soon use on his infamous raid. Clapping her crew into irons, he disguised his own men in oilskins in a ruse he hoped would throw those pesky pursuing Federals off his scent.

It worked.

Just two days later he boldly sailed with his bogus fishing crew into Port-

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land Bay and audaciously snatched the revenue cutter Caleb Cushing tied up at Federal Wharf right from under the nose of the Yankees.

The plot called for innocently anchoring between Munjoy Hill and Fort Gorges before rowing over at dawn to overwhelm the skeleton crew left aboard the Cushing (clapping them belowdecks in handcuffs, too), then set fire to two unfinished gunboats moored alongside the wharf — the Archer, too, naturally — before making good their escape. (Any resistance from town would be met with fire from the Cushing’s guns.) All went like clockwork until in no time at all that pirate crew had cast off, were rounding Peaks Island via Hussey Sound, and headed for open water.

But not so fast. In nearby South Portland, at Fort Preble, the garrison there was on high alert due to all that Tallahassee business and the theft was (cont. on page 40)

Southern & Coastal Maine

40

(cont. from page 39) quickly discovered. Thirty soldiers or so accompanied by 100 or more armed volunteers dragging at least two artillery pieces behind were tumbled out and piled aboard the hastily-commandeered steamer Forest City and the clackity sidewheeler Chesapeake. And off they huffed in pursuit of the Cushing.

Flags fluttering from the tip of Portland Observatory atop Munjoy Hill directed the chase of that stolen ship.

Before all the hubbub, the Caleb Cushing, an unassuming schooner-rigged ship piloting vessel about the harbor, looking after channel markers, and attending a myriad ho-hum duty, was the essence of plodding placidity. Usually unarmed, the Tallahassee scare had caused a pair of cannon to be placed upon her decks, with their shells put oddly behind a concealment.

An extraordinary 800 pounds of gunpowder was also aboard.

Hard by Cod Ledge, and just past the harbor, the chuggy sidewheeler and wheezing steamer overhauled the Cushing and combat was offered. Shot and shell flew in every direction but went wide, fell short, or passed overhead. Nobody hit anything. And the Confederates soon found themselves in a quandary. There was powder aplenty aboard, it was true, but what good was it all without any ammo to hurl it with? (No one could find the secreted shells and none of the captured crew was talking.) In desperation, the Rebels rammed down the gun muzzles anything they could snatch at hand. In this case, mostly moldy potatoes and some very hard cheese. I kid you not.

Undeterred by these savory blasts the Mainers grappled the Cushing and, with cutlass drawn, swarmed aboard.

Nothing if not savvy, “Savvy” read the writing on the wall and ordered the prisoners still in their handcuffs put into

lifeboats and set adrift. After dumping their sidearms over the side, and setting ablaze the Cushing itself, he and his crew also lowered away. Did I mention that he hoisted a white flag?

While the Forest City busily plucked the handcuffed crew from the lifeboats, and Chesapeake fished raiders aboard, the Cushing’s fires touched off those hidden munitions with such an explosion that they still claim to this day that the repercussions were heard reverberating from off the hills and the Observatory atop Munjoy Hill for many long minutes thereafter.

Then the whole kit-and-caboodle sailed triumphantly back into Portland Harbor in the late afternoon to forts firing and church bells ringing and hankies waving in the hands of the multitudes lining the docks, and, all in all, the raiders were caught, the Cushing was gone, and Portland Harbor was safely again in the hands of the Yankees. And (cont. on page 42)

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(cont. from page 40) right then and there, things might’ve turned ugly; for as the captured Rebels were trooped ashore a darkling and threatening crowd began to collect.

But brandished bayonets and furtive Masonic handshakes were sufficient, it seems, to keep that mob at bay and, besides, those victorious stalwarts were soon whisked away to enjoy a boisterous dinner — on the cuff — down at Barnum’s Restaurant on Temple Street.

As for “Savvy” Read and his merry band of privateers, they languished awhile in style and some notoriety in a nearby prison before returning South to acclaim.

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Making Salt Hay As The Sun Shines Productive age-old Scarborough Marsh

by Jeffrey Bradley laciers are mostly responsible coastal flooding occurs.

Scarborough Marsh, or Owascoag, for Maine’s network of salt marshes. When all that ice melt- “the land of the grasses” to the Sokokis ed the silt built up as extensive mudflats Indians, holds 15 percent of all Maine’s in the tidal estuaries. Grasses able to coastal marshland, and at 3,000 acres withstand the brackish conditions took it’s the state’s largest. Five tidal rivers, root, evolving into the salt marshes we several smaller streams, a freshwater know today. Three separate boundaries mini-marsh, tidal flats and 200 acres of comprise these briny meadows — the upland habitat create this combination lowest, covered by salt water twice a nursery, refuge, stopover for migratory day, favors the “thatch” grasses; next up birds, spongey water purifier, and vast are the grasses needing less salt water food production system. Spartina grass, and inundated twice monthly when the also called cord or marsh grass — “salt sun, moon and Earth align to form high- hay”— supports this odd environment. er spring tides; and the driest, upland More valuable dead than alive, the rotting mats of vegetation form a frothy zone contains the most economically Discover MAine Mag 4.85 vertical x 7.625 horizontal valuable grasses only underwater when soup that fuels life at the lower spec-

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trum of the food chain. Offshore currents carry in essential nutrients, then tides sweep the whole mix back out to sea to nourish the life in the open ocean.

It also makes excellent fertilizer, helps stabilize temperature and humidity, and buffers the troublesome effects of wind and wave.

Colonial communities relied heavily on the marsh. Native Americans considered it a useful larder, and settlers viewed it as both commodity and pasturage, to the point that deeds were parceled out regularly by 1784 as the journals of surveyor Moses Banks show.

Period court records attest to countless squabbles over ownership. (cont. on page 44)

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(cont. from page 43) Salt hay’s value lay in its variety of uses. Its utility lay in the fact that it was practically free for the taking with almost no cultivation. It was already being grown commercially by the early 1800s. Yet an armful of the wet stuff could easily outweigh a man, and two workers were often needed to run it between them on long poles like medics carrying a stretcher. Complaints over sinking in the mud up to the knees, the clouds of “plagued insects,” and the “infernal itchiness” of it were rampant.

To make all that labor pay off, three major obstacles needed to be overcome — controlling salinity levels to encourage the viable grasses to grow, stopping horses and wagons from disappearing into the mire, and a way of keeping the hay from blowing or floating away. Dikes helped by extending acreage, controlling the salt content, and indirectly cutting down on mosquitoes. Heaping that heavy muck 15

feet high was back-breaking work, but remnants still snake across the marsh as grass-covered mounds today. Massive wooden gates called sluiceways controlled by means of “clapper” valves prevented the tides from surging in. To keep from getting stuck, horses were outfitted with odd-looking “bog shoes” and wagons with skids instead of with wheels. To prevent cut hay being lost to the elements (farmers waited until the bog froze over to bring in teams of horses for the harvest) straddles — large cedar poles driven deep in the ground circle wise — were erected to hold stacks of piled hay. In time these came to resemble a herd of huge shaggy beasts rambling over the marsh. But they worked. The hay stayed in place, high and dry.

It took a generation or two for all that salt to leach out from the newly reclaimed land but what was left behind was a rich and loamy soil.

Newfangled machinery such as the giant “drag” rake for gathering up the hay to be placed aboard a gundalow, a kind of reconfigured barge put on runners, easily dragged over the fields, brought further improvement. So did the specially-forged, grippy new iron shoes for the horses.

Phases of the moon were scrutinized for especially low tides. Cutting hay by hand scythes during the 1700s made harvesting a community event. Dozens of workers dotting the fields probably knew one another, and the old journals speak of the “neighborliness” of the occasion. Harvests generally occurred between July and September, with early August considered best. A lucky farmer might bring in two crops in a season, but the effort was always a race against time and tide.

Farming salt hay became elaborate and costly, so consortiums sprang up to absorb the expense and oversee opera-

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tions. Records reveal that some corporations became profitable, and a person might grow rich without ever having set foot in a field. Many salt hay farming principles established early on were handed down for generations.

By 1957 the Maine Department of Inland Fisheries and Wildlife realized that the ecosystem was facing a severe threat and began a gradual process of acquisition. In 1972 the Maine Audu-

bon Center opened on the marsh’s periphery with an itinerary that included educational tours, self-guided walks along the nature trail, canoe trips, and an aquarium. Today the marsh serves as prime territory for hunters and fishermen, also attracting biologists, naturalists, and birders as well — school children, too, the up-and-coming caretakers of this amazing place.

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DiscoverMaine Magazine has been brought to you free through the generous support of Maine businesses for the past 27 years, and we extend a special thanks to them.

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Ken MacKenzie Maine’s yodeling cowboy

by Charlotte Mayo

F

amous as “Maine’s Yodeling Cowboy” Ken MacKenzie was not actually a Maine native. He was born November 18, 1918. His parents were from Cape Breton Island, Nova Scotia Canada and later moved to Concord, New Hampshire.

Ken received his first guitar at the age of 18 from his dad. He learned how to play and joined a “Hillbilly Band” in 1935. Ken graduated from Concord High School in 1936.

At this ripe age, Ken had his own radio show in Manchester, New Hampshire on WFEA in 1936. While doing the radio show he met the love of his life, Simone. They were married on

December 31, 1938.

In 1938 they moved to Portland where Ken began appearing in City Halls, Grange Halls and County Fairs.

He gained popularity as the “Yodeling Cowboy,” and was blessed with his son Ken Jr. in October of 1940.

Starting a new radio show in January 3, 1939, Ken could be heard every day over the WGAN broadcasting system.

This show never missed a beat except when Ken served our nation in WWII. The radio show ran from 1939-1957.

While Ken was stationed at Scott Field in Illinois with an AAF Unit, Simone and Betty Gribbin kept the show and jamborees alive on the radio

and in Portland.

Not an idle man, he started a weekly television show in 1954. This was when the television was born and came to Maine. His show ran from 1954 to 1971, when Ken and Simone decided to retire. Simone was not only his partner in life but also his business partner from 1941 on.

Ken MacKenzie was a well-known name throughout Maine, New Hampshire and Massachusetts, performing for five decades in front of thousands of country music fans.

He was inducted into the Maine Country Music Hall of Fame in 1978 (the first year of its existence).

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DiscoverMaineMagazine.com Simone was inducted into the Maine Country Music Hall of Fame in 1984 as well, and three members of their show have also been inducted: Betty Gribbin, Pete Dixon and Dickie Monroe.

Ken also received the Down East Country Music Association Pioneer Award in 1983, as well as other broadcasting awards.

Even with all these accolades, fans and such talent, Ken MacKenzie never released a recording.

However, his family produced a one-hour cassette and CD titled I’m Following the Stars, which was remastered from Ken’s radio show from 1951 to 1952.

Throughout their careers Ken and Simone worked with music greats which included Betty Gribbin, vocalist, Dick Monroe, accordion and Hawaiian guitar, Buck Nation, Tex Ann, Doc and Chick Williams, Wilma Lee, and Stoney Cooper. Also, Hal Lone Pine and Betty Cody, Hawksaw Hawkins,

Carl Smith, Mac Wiseman, Dot and Gloria, Joe LaFlip (Teddy Gagnon), the Prairie Sod Busters, Dot Blake and Jean Googins, also known as Toodles and Jeannie (a dance team that split up in 1945), Bradley Kincaid, Yodeling Slim Clark, Dick Curless, Gene and Flo Hooper and many more. Many may remember a local Bath girl, little Taffy Robinson, who performed many appearances on TV. The MCMA (Maine Country Music Association began to give an award in the names of Ken and Simone McKenzie presented for the perseverance of country music.

DECMA- Down East Country Music Association began to present the Ken MacKenzie award given for showmanship and professionalism Ken MacKenzie passed away October 19, 1993, and his wife Simone predeceased him in 1984.

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Growing up this writer was a giant fan of Ken MacKenzie not only for his singing, but they had babysat me a few times.

Discover Maine Magazine has been brought to you free through the generous support of Maine businesses for the past 27 years, and we extend a special thanks to them.

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Christening A Bath-Built Destroyer Honoring the sacrifice of veterans

by James Nalley

I

n most cases, Medal of Honor recipients usually make the ultimate sacrifice in order to save certain individuals or ensure that the mission is a success. Thus, when they are honored at, for example, an unveiling of a monument or a christening of a ship, they are usually not present. However, this was not the case in April 2017, when Bath Iron Works (BIW) christened the U.S.S. Thomas Hudner (DDG-116), its latest Arleigh-Burke-class destroyer. With a crowd of approximately 1,000 who had braved the cold driving snow, the honored guests included Captain (ret.)

Thomas Hudner Jr. himself, members of the Hudner and Brown families, two U.S. senators, two U.S. House mem-

bers, and Allison Stiller, the Assistant Secretary of the Navy for R & D, who stated, “Thomas Hudner’s story is also Jesse Brown’s story…what happened on that day will not be forgotten.” Subsequently, Hudner’s son, Thomas Hudner III, told the crowd that, although the cold might be uncomfortable, it was nothing compared to what the pilots and Marines on the ground endured during the Korean War. For instance, temperatures in Bath that day were near freezing, but in the North Korean mountains in 1950, the temperatures were at or below zero.

Thomas Hudner Jr. was born in Fall River, Massachusetts, on August 31, 1924. After attending the Phillips

Academy and graduating from the U.S. Naval Academy in 1946, he applied to flight school in 1948, since he saw it as a “new challenge.” He subsequently completed basic flight training in Pensacola, Florida, and advanced flight training in Corpus Christi, Texas. He qualified as a naval aviator in August 1949. Hudner was eventually assigned to the aircraft carrier U.S.S. Leyte, where he flew F4U Corsairs. According to Larry Smith, in his book titled, Beyond Glory: Medal of Honor Heroes in Their Own Words, Hudner particularly enjoyed the assignment, since he considered the Corsairs to be “safe and comfortable.”

In December 1950, then-Lieutenant

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DiscoverMaineMagazine.com (J.G.) Hudner and Ensign Jesse Brown (the first African-American aviator in the U.S. Navy) were part of a six-plane squadron on patrol near the Chosin Reservoir in Korea. The three-hour search and destroy mission was an attempt to determine Chinese troop strength in the region. According to George Petras in the Navy Times, “Hudner was Brown’s wingman when groundfire pierced an oil line in Brown’s plane, forcing him to crash-land on a mountainside about 15 miles behind enemy lines. As his fellow pilots circled overhead, ready to drive off encroaching Chinese troops, Brown’s plane caught fire. He was trapped inside.” In the crash, Brown’s leg had become pinned beneath the fuselage, after which he stripped off his helmet and gloves in order to free himself.

After realizing that Brown was still alive inside the burning plane, Hudner attempted in vain to rescue Brown via radio instruction. Subsequently, with

U.S.S. Thomas Hudner

Brown’s condition worsening, Hudner intentionally crash-landed his own aircraft on a snowy mountain in near-zero temperatures in order to help Brown.

After running through the deep snow to Brown’s plane, Hudner threw snow on the engine to douse the fire. As stated by Petras, “He was soon joined by

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Marine Lt. Charles Ward in a Sikorsky rescue helicopter. Together they used a rescue axe to try and cut through the fuselage for 45 minutes.” According to Smith, both men briefly considered amputating Brown’s trapped leg. However, Brown eventually lost conscious(cont. on page 52)

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(cont. from page 51) ness and “succumbed to his injuries and the cold, after which Hudner and Ward were forced to leave him behind.

Brown’s last words to Hudner were a message to his wife: ‘Just tell Daisy how much I love her.’”

Upon his return to the U.S.S. Leyte, Hudner pleaded with his superiors to allow him to return and extract Brown’s body. However, the officers feared that he would be ambushed, resulting in additional and unnecessary casualties. On December 7, seven planes from the aircraft U.S.S. Leyte flew to Brown’s location and dropped napalm on the two crashed Corsairs, thus “giving Brown a warrior’s funeral.” The aircrew recited the Lord’s Prayer over the radio as they flew away and watched the flames consume Brown’s plane.

As stated in Gathering of Eagles Biography: Thomas J. Hudner Jr., the December 4 incident grounded Hudner for approximately a month, since he in-

jured his back in the crash landing. He later stated that it was an “injury that persisted for six to eight years.” Overall, Hudner flew 27 combat missions until January 1951, when the U.S.S. Leyte was rotated back into the Atlantic Fleet.

Despite having no regrets regarding his actions, Smith stated that Hudner was occasionally criticized by his peers.

In addition, his commanders noted that he had endangered the helicopter pilot and sacrificed a perfectly good aircraft.

Subsequently, the commanders issued orders forbidding pilots to crash land their planes in order to save a downed wingman.

On April 13, 1951, Hudner received the Medal of Honor from President Harry Truman, while Ward later received the Silver Star for his efforts in saving Brown. According to the book Devotion: An Epic Story of Heroism, Friendship, and Sacrifice by Adam

Makos, “In World War II, a few brave pilots landed and picked up downed wingmen…What Tom Hudner did that day in North Korea had never been attempted before or since.”

After receiving the honor, Hudner was transferred to the U.S., where he became a flight instructor at the Naval Air Station in Corpus Christi. Over the next 20 years, Hudner rose in the ranks and continued flying. For example, in July 1963, he became the executive officer of Fighter Squadron 53 on the U.S.S. Ticonderoga. In 1966, after being promoted to captain, he served as the executive officer of the supercarrier U.S.S. Kitty Hawk, which launched numerous missions during the Vietnam War. In February 1973, just before his retirement, the U.S. Navy commissioned the U.S.S. Jesse L. Brown, a Knox-class frigate, which was the third ship to be named after an African American. Pres-

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ent at the ceremony was Daisy Brown Thorne (the widow of Jesse Brown) and Hudner, who gave the dedication.

According to Jessica Knight Henry (Jesse Brown’s granddaughter), “He (Hudner) would travel to Mississippi for any event honoring Jesse.”

On November 13, 2017, Hudner died at his home in Concord, Massachusetts. He was interred with full honors at Arlington National Cemetery on April 4, 2018. On a closing note, as of April 2018, the U.S.S. Thomas Hudner successfully completed its builder’s trials and returned to BIW. According to the Bangor Daily News, builders trials “consists of a series of in-port and at-sea demonstrations that allow the shipbuilder – in this case, BIW — and the Navy to assess the ship’s systems and its readiness for delivery.” In other words, it is one of the final steps before commissioning the vessel for inclusion into the U.S. Navy. Fittingly, the offi-

cial crest of the U.S.S. Thomas Hudner bears the likeness of a Corsair plane, with the motto “Above All Others.”

There are also two numbers, “211” and “205,” the squadron designations of the planes flown by Hudner and Brown on that fateful day in December 1950.

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Boothbay’s Mill Cove The graveyard of old sailing ships

by Charles Francis

I

n 1893, Simpson and Perkins Grocery of West Boothbay closed its doors to move to West Street in the center of the Boothbay Harbor. Merrill Perkins, the dominant figure of the partnership, seems to have considered it a logical move as it placed the concern in the heart of the region’s business community. The old Simpson and Perkins store was subsequently purchased by W. Hebert Reed. Reed tore the store down and began construction of what would become the first of the great Boothbay hostelries, the Oak Grove Hotel.

From the time it opened in 1894 and down through the Depression, the Oak Grove Hotel, as operated by W. Hebert Reed and his son H. Chandler Reed,

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was the largest and best known of all the Boothbay region’s hotels, with its register filled with the names of people prominent in all walks of life. Many of the hotel’s guests were especially intrigued by what was sometimes referred to as “The Graveyard of Old Ships.” The so-called graveyard was at Mill Cove. Here sometimes between ten and twenty old tall-masted ships from the great days of sail could be seen with bits of tattered canvas and rope still flapping in the breeze. While the two Reeds were establishing the Oak Grove Hotel as one of the Boothbay region’s premiere hostelries, Merrill Perkins went on to become one of the area’s more prominent businessmen,

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The Oak Grove Hotel and “The Graveyard of Old Ships” serve as benchmarks in the history of Boothbay. The Oak Grove Hotel was the first modern hotel in the region, and described as the last word in comfort and convenience.

It was one of the significant milestones in the transition of the Boothbay region from a major east coast deep water fishing port to a premiere tourist attraction.

Ironically, the graveyard of old sailing ships, which stood as a sad chronicle of those days gone by, was for many years one of Boothbay’s other attractions.

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DiscoverMaineMagazine.com H. Chandler Reed, who established the Oak Grove Hotel in West Boothbay and Merrill Perkins, who moved to West Street in Boothbay from West Boothbay, both serve as examples in the transition of Boothbay commercial life from one traditional Maine economy to another. Both began their careers associated with the sea and the fishing industry and both played a role in making the Boothbay region a summer tourist mecca. William Sawyer is another figure from this same time period who also serves to illustrate the changes that were occurring in the Boothbay region during the same period.

Merrill Perkins began his career as a fisherman working with his father Enoch Perkins. For a time the younger Perkins fished out of Cape Cod. Then he returned to Boothbay where he started his grocery business, which eventually became Perkins Brothers. Later, Perkins established the Boothbay Harbor Cold Storage Company, an ice

company which served both fishermen and summer tourists. Eventually he became president of the Boothbay Harbor Hotel Company.

W. Herbert Reed, like Merrill Perkins, began as a fisherman, working with his father Charles Reed. When he founded the Oak Grove Hotel, he did so on a small scale, offering just five rooms for transients. Eventually he and his son H. Chandler Reed, expanded it to some 150 rooms, building along with it a reputation of providing an atmosphere of both grace and charm.

William Sawyer operated the last of Boothbay’s major marine supply stores and ship chandlery businesses. Even when deep water fishing ceased to be a going concern in Boothbay, Sawyer continued to supply fishing fleets from Boston and Gloucester with thousands of tons of ice as well as ships’ stores and supplies. He also served as a sometime broker for many of the vessels that ended up in the ship graveyard at Mill

Cove. William Sawyer’s father, who was also named William, had started the ship chandlery business in 1876. In the early part of the twentieth century, the younger Sawyer used the Mill Cove ship graveyard as an outfitting station for sailing vessels. He is known to have outfitted some fifty Grand Banks schooners and other deep water sailing vessels.

The ship graveyard was off MacFarland’s Point, one of the most picturesque locations in the Boothbay region.

The fact that it was so scenic was one of the reasons why so many tourists were drawn there. At various times there could be as many as a dozen or more old ships anchored there or tied to the wharf. Some boasted four and even five masts. Others were the more traditional two-masted fishing schooners of the type that had once been captained

by Boothbay men who made their living on the Grand Banks. (cont. on page 56)

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(cont. from page 55) The fact that the ship graveyard was a drawing card for the tourist trade is borne out by an old brochure from the early 1900s advertising the Oak Grove Hotel. It shows a view from MacFarland’s Point. The advertisement alludes to the great days of sail and the fact that here is an opportunity to see some of the vessels from that period.

The old ships that were anchored off MacFarland’s Point were not abandoned. Rather, their owners hoped that they might still prove of some value.

Some came to be there because of William Sawyer. Among his other interests, Sawyer was a marine broker. During World War I, a number of Boothbay firms had built wooden sailing vessels under government contract. Following the war, some of these firms, most notably ones in East Boothbay, turned to yacht and power boat construction.

Sawyer used these same firms for refurbishing the old sailing ships he could sell for their owners and supplied the

gear for them. He is known to have operated one of the last sail racking concerns on the east coast. Some of the vessels Sawyer sold ended as coal tenders in New York and Boston. Others served as lumber carriers or had their holds filled at Rockland with the most dreaded cargo of all, combustible lime.

For a few, no better use could be found for them than to be sunk as breakwaters in harbors that now saw nothing other than pleasure craft.

Today the names of turn-of-thetwentieth century Boothbay region entrepreneurs like Merrill Perkins, W. Herbert Reed and H. Chandler Reed and William Sawyer, are largely forgotten in the area. They have gone the same way as Boothbay’s “Graveyard of Old Sailing Ships.” Yet, there was a time when they and others like them helped move the Boothbay region from one traditional Maine economy to another.

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British Politician Angers Brunswick Citizens Shipowner favored secession over Civil War

by Brian Swartz

S

trongly pro-Union, many Brunswick residents almost blew a gasket upon learning about a possible traitor in their midst in 1862.

Unable to identify their allegedly pro-Southern neighbor, Brunswickers targeted a British politician instead.

A Scot from Ayr, William Schaw Lindsay had spent his teenage years at sea on various British merchant ships.

Surviving a mid-1830s shipwreck and an 1839 pirate encounter in the Persian Gulf, he came ashore in 1840 with no intentions of going to sea again.

After venturing into shipping and

other business sectors as W.S. Lindsay & Co., Lindsay won election to Parliament in March 1854 and remained in office through April 1859. Four months later he won election as the representative for Sunderland in Tyne and Wear.

In autumn 1860, Lindsay visited the northeastern United States ostensibly as “a man of business,” but many American officials believed he informally represented the British government. When “he had not openly expressed support for the North” while meeting with New York City officials, he was “assumed to favor the South,” noted Michael Clark

in William Schaw Lindsay: righting the wrongs of a radical shipowner.

As Southern states seceded in early 1861, Lindsay opposed any military effort to restore the United States. “Separation would be easier now than after thousands of lives had been sacrificed and millions spent,” he predicted in a letter to New York banker Alexander Duncan.

Leaked to the Northern press, the published letter drew excoriating condemnation of Lindsay from Maine to Missouri and axiomatically made him anathema in the North. His pro-South-

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DiscoverMaineMagazine.com ern viewpoint was enhanced when William Yancey, the Confederate foreign commissioner, met Lindsay in London in July 1861.

Lindsay promptly introduced Yancey to other members of Parliament.

Throughout the Civil War, Southern leaders hoped that European powers, especially Britain and France, would establish diplomatic relations with the Confederacy. A slavery opponent, Lindsay nevertheless “encouraged negotiations with the Great Powers of Europe to recognize the South’s independence,” according to Clark.

Then in 1862, Lindsay claimed that he had received a letter from Maine.

“Expressing his hope for British intervention in the [military] contest now going on,” a “citizen of strong Union feeling in Brunswick, in the State of Maine,” contacted Lindsay and asked what the British government could do to end the war, according to Brunswick historian George Augustus Wheeler.

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Memories of the 1839 Bloodless Aroostook War ran deep in Maine.

During the Civil War, any discussion in Maine about British intervention on behalf of the South always circled around to fears of a British military invasion from Canada. Politicians clamored in the press for federal protection against a Royal Army invasion.

The letter writer was among the “few ‘Southern sympathizers”’ in Brunswick “who apparently desired to see the Southern Confederacy firmly established,” Wheeler commented.

Fortuitously not identified, the man wrote pro-Confederate letters to local newspapers, and at least one anti-Lincoln Administration paper had apparently published his submissions, evidently under a pseudonym.

How a “strong Union” man could support the South was not explained.

Thoroughly incensed Brunswick voters adopted several anti-Lindsay resolutions during the 1862 town meet-

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ing. First, they would “spare no pains to discover … whether this declaration made by a member of Parliament is a fabrication.”

Brunswick voters could not believe that “we really have among us such a black-hearted hypocrite, traitor, and knave, as could thus seek to add the calamity of a foreign war to our present distresses.”

Second, Brunswick voters “need something more than such a naked declaration to convince us that there is in our midst such a compound of the villain and the fool,” Wheeler noted.

Third, if an investigation confirmed the existence (and identity) of the letter writer, “we will purge the fair name of our town by consigning him to the deserved punishment of all traitors, whenever he shall be discovered.”

Brunswick residents “abhor the idea of foreign interference in the affairs of the Republic” and “will always resist,

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(cont. from page 63) to the utmost of our power, the intervention of any monarch or potentate” in American life. Voters approved the fourth anti-Lindsay resolution. “We hold in utter detestation the fiend or fool who would seek to bring such a thing about.”

That last statement cast a broader net for foreign-intervention supporters than just the wayward Brunswick resident.

Fifth, “Brunswick is no home to traitors, and … if any lurk here pretending to be men ‘of strong Union feelings’ while secretly sympathizing” with the Confederacy, such traitors “had better remove [themselves] before they are discovered,” Wheeler wrote.

Brunswick voters then approved sending the resolutions for possible publication by the Boston Journal, Brunswick Telegraph, and the Portland Daily Press.

The resolutions had no effect on Lindsay, accused in certain American circles of participating in shipping arms and other military goods through the Navy’s blockade of Southern ports.

Records indicate that at least one W.S. Lindsay & Co.-chartered ship carried munitions to a Mexican port in exchange for cotton sent across the Rio Grande River from Texas.

In December 1862, Lindsay “supported the formation of the Southern Independence Association in Britain, whose 5,000 members kept the policy

~ Sketch of one of Lindsay’s auxiliary ships ~

… of recognizing the Confederacy in the public eye,” Clark noted. Association members lobbied hard for their cause, but to no avail.

Lindsay introduced his last motion to recognize the Confederacy in Parliament in July 1864, before he suffered a paralyzing stroke. No longer able to use his legs, he remained in office a while longer before retiring from public life.

The Lindsay-directed anger gradu-

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A Murder In Wiscasset The crime didn’t go unpunished

by Steve Pinkham

O

badiah Albee and his wife, Jean Moss (or Morse), who was born in Scotland, removed to Holliston, Massachusetts and then to Wiscasset, Maine, where they lived near Haunted Gully. According to Wiscasset in Pownalborough, there is a legend that one day a canoe full of Indians crept around the end of Jeremy Squam Island and landed in a swamp near William’s Garrison. Surprising two men, who were outside the fort setting pigeon snares, they killed Andrew Florence.

The other, Obadiah Albee, successfully got to the garrison and sounded the alarm. The inhabitants quickly filled two cannons with nails and musket balls and fired as the Indians advanced on the stockade and killed one, decapitating him with the shrapnel. Fortunately, an advance patrol was arriving from Fort Dresden, which cut off the warriors’ retreat. This place has ever since been known as Haunted Gully and is supposedly haunted by the headless Indian, who is eternally searching for his missing head.

It was recorded about 1802 in an old family document, that Obadiah died in 1792 at the age of 87 years and Jenny

Moss died at the age of 97. They had six children, three in Massachusetts, and three more in Wiscasset.

In 1749 tragedy and shame came to the small family when Obadiah Albee Jr., the eldest son, was involved in a hateful and senseless murder in Wiscasset. A fifth treaty had been signed with the Abenakis at Falmouth, bringing a sense of peace and security to the fledgling communities on the coast.

On a cold December night, a band of Abenakis had set up their camp about a mile from Wiscasset Point. A ship was lying in Pemaquid Harbor, and around midnight a handful of sailors, somewhat drunk, decided to drive the Indians from the area. They quietly approached the sleeping Indians and opened fire. The women and children fled into the woods, followed by the men. Two of the Indians, Andrew of the Androscoggin tribe and Captain Job of the Norridgewocks, were severely wounded, and their chief, Sacarry Harry of the Wawenocks, alias Hegan, lay dead by the fire. Realizing what they had done, the sailors attempted to hide all evidence, dragging Chief Sacarry’s body to a nearby stream, where they se-

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cured the carcass under the ice.

Three days later the surviving women reported the murder to Magistrate Denny of Georgetown, and quickly the news spread throughout the villages, instilling a great fear and anxiety among the settlers. To defuse the situation, a surgeon was sent to assist the critically wounded Indians, and the dead chief’s body was paddled up the Kennebec and buried at Old Point. As time passed, the Indians were outraged that nobody had been arrested for the brutal murder, and the people of Wiscasset rioted, attempting to prevent the arrest of the three men who were accused. It must have been very difficult for the Albee family, as they knew if the crime went unpunished, it could precipitate a backlash and hostilities could break out.

Loran, chief of the Penobscots, sent a letter to the authorities, hinting that great repercussions could occur if justice was not quickly brought. In those early days the Superior Court only met once a year in York County. They finally met on June 12, 1750, and heard the first case, that of Obadiah Albee, who (cont. on page 66)

Southern & Coastal Maine

66

(cont. from page 65) stood accused of murdering Sacarry Harry. The jury brought back a “not guilty” verdict, which must have surprised the court. This created a great foreboding among the settlers, so the authorities invited a band of the Indians to Boston, showing them the town and presenting them with gifts. This placated some of the band for a while, but five years later, with no justice having been meted, the Indian raids began again.

Meanwhile, Obadiah Jr. had removed to Berwick to avoid the controversy and possible revenge, but in June of 1754 he, a brother and Mr. Trask were going down the Sheepscot River in a large canoe, when they saw a bear in the water, at which they discharged a gun, and wounded her, but not mortally, for she immediately made for the canoe, and Albee’s brother struck at her with an ax, but missing his blow, she caught ahold of him with her arms,

and pulled him overboard. She then got into the canoe and seized Obadiah, mauling him. At last he and Trask got into the water and swam toward shore, but seeing that the bear had left the canoe, they returned to recover it. However, Albee, being wounded, drowned before he could reach it, thus ending his notorious life.

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44 Degrees North Architects, LLC ...................................55 56 Elm St. ........................................................................46 A-1 Seamless Gutters ......................................................14 A Little Off The Top ..........................................................48 Advanced Quality Water Solutions ...................................61 Affordable Well Drilling / Excavation & Forestry .................13 Alouette Beach Resort .....................................................17 All-Seasons Automotive ..................................................56 Alternative Heat Source ...................................................22 Altus Construction ............................................................21 Ameera Bread ..................................................................33 Andrew Ames Logging ......................................................8 Armands Equipment Services..........................................23 Bargain Fuels ....................................................................9 Bark Avenue Boarding and Grooming, LLC ....................16 Bar Harbor Grand Hotel ..................................................32 Bar Harbor Inn .................................................................32 Barker Tree Service & Logging .........................................21 Bart Flanagan Tree Service ...........................................62 Barter Building Construction .............................................63 Bartlett’s Auto Sales ........................................................56 Bear Hill True Value Hardware .........................................65 Best Thai ..........................................................................64 Best Thai II ........................................................................64 Bill’s Garage .....................................................................50 Bill’s Pizza ........................................................................38 Black Mountain of Maine ..................................................14 Blanchette Moving & Storage Co. ......................................7 Blue Rooster Food Company ...........................................37 Bob’s Clam Hut .................................................................4 Boos Heating Company ...................................................20 Borsetti Construction Inc. .................................................22 Bradbury’s Plumbing & Heating ......................................58 Broadway Gardens Greenhouses & Garden Center ..........2 C&J Chimney & Stove Service, LLC .................................4 Cahill Tire - Tire Pros .........................................................50 Cameron’s Lobster House ...............................................47 Campmasters ..................................................................23 Cantrell Seafood ..............................................................46 Carignan Construction .....................................................23 Carl M.P. 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Inc. .........................................................19 China By The Sea ............................................................63 China Rose .....................................................................45 Clark Auto Parts ..............................................................54 Classic Harbor Cottages ..................................................62 Clayton’s Cafe ..................................................................59 Coastal Maintenance Painting .........................................54 Coastal Property Care ......................................................53 Coca-Cola Bottling Company ..........................................41 Coggins Road Auto .........................................................54 Cole Harrison Insurance ...................................................16 Comfort Inn - Brunswick .................................................47 Cornelia C. Viek, CPA .......................................................61 Cornish Denture Center, LLC .........................................19 Creamer & Sons Landwork, Inc. .......................................51 Creative Carpentry ...........................................................14 Crooked River Resources ................................................21 C-Roots Salon .................................................................24 Cumberland County Federal Credit Union ......................40 D&T Hardwood Floors ....................................................30 Dale Rand Printing ..........................................................35 David Murray Home Repair & Cottage Care ..................52 Dayton Country Store ........................................................9 Deb’s Bristol Diner ..........................................................54 Deerfield Leathers ............................................................6 Dennis J. 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Flowers Etc. ...................................................................62 Flux ..................................................................................33 Freeman and Son Construction, LLC ..............................49 Freightliner of Maine Inc. ....................................................5 Fresh Approach ...............................................................34 Fresh Cut Properties ........................................................22 G&G Cash Fuels .............................................................46 Gamebox Video Games & Comics ..................................46 Giant Stairs Seafood Grill ...............................................48 Gray Family Vision Center ................................................25 Grimaldi Concrete Floors & Countertops .........................13 Guiding Light Spiritual Mystic ............................................8 Gutter Werks ....................................................................24 Haggett Hill Kennels .......................................................63 Hammond Lumber Company ..........................................33 Hampton Inn by Hilton - Bath ..........................................51 Handyman Equipment Rental ........................................34 Harbour Towne Inn ..........................................................52 Harmon’s Clam Cakes ....................................................15 Harraseeket Inn ..............................................................44 Hatch Well Drillers ..........................................................64 Heart & Hand Inc. ............................................................19 Highland Farms Logging, LLC .........................................57 Hodgdon Well Drilling, Inc. ................................................7 Holiday Inn by the Bay .....................................................34 Home Care Services ........................................................42 Hoof ‘n Woof ....................................................................65 Houston-Brooks Auctioneers ............................................4 Howell’s Indoor Range & Gunshop ..................................25 Hydraulic Hose & Assemblies ...........................................6 Interstate Self Storage ....................................................60 J. Edward Knight & Co. ....................................................5 Jack’s Property Service ..................................................28 Jackson’s Hardware ..........................................................8 JD Canvas .......................................................................52 JM Automotive ................................................................56 John Bisnette Property Services .....................................23 J’s Oyster ........................................................................26 Julian Osgood Lawn Care / Stone Work / Snow Services...26 Kash for Kans Recycling, LLC .......................................57 Katahdin Clapboard Company ...........................................6 Kon Asian Bistro & Hibachi Bar .......................................28 Lakeside Framing ............................................................48 Liberte Auto Sales & Service ..........................................45 Logan Home Builders ......................................................20 Lord & Brooks Plumbing, Heating & Construction ..........15 Luis’s Arepera & Grill .......................................................35 Madden Beverage ...........................................................17 Maine Ammo Company ..................................................18 Maine Asphalt Services ...................................................16 Maine Forest Service .................................................51,53 Maine Historical Society ....................................................5 Maine Lobstermen’s Association .....................................13 Maine Outdoor Learning Center .......................................4 Maine Pellet Sales LLC ..................................................61 Maine Veterinary Medical Center.....................................43 Maine Woolens ................................................................44 Maine Lobstermen’s Association ....................................13 Maine-ly Kitchens and Baths ..........................................50 Maine-ly Pawn Antiques, Furniture & More ...................55 Mainely Stonework ..........................................................59 Maiz Colombian Street Food ..........................................28 Meetinghouse Farm ..........................................................8 Mekong Asian Bistro .......................................................30 Mel’s Raspberry Patch .....................................................19 Metcalf’s Submarine Sandwiches ....................................55 Mi Sen Thai Noodle Bar ..................................................38 Mike Polland Construction & Property Services ..............24 Morning Glory Natural Foods ..........................................46 Morse’s Sauerkraut ...........................................................3 Motel East .......................................................................12 Northeast Laboratory Services .........................................4 Oak Hill Room Restaurant ..............................................41 Occupational Health Associates of Maine, PA ................50 O-Cha Thai Inspired Bar & Grill .......................................64 Ogunquit Chamber of Commerce ...................................14 Oxford Casino & Hotel .......................................back cover Paciarino, LLC ................................................................30 Packard Appraisal, Inc. ...................................................21 Palmer Spring Company ................................................32 Patriot Home Construction ..............................................18 Pat’s Meat Market ...........................................................29 Pat’s Pizza - Yarmouth & Brunswick ................................26 Pat’s Pizza - Scarborough ..............................................41

BUSINESS

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Penobscot Marine Museum ...........................................10 Percy’s Tire & Auto Repair LLC .........................................9 Pizzaiolo .........................................................................39 Pork Chop Tree Company ..............................................17 Portland Plastic Pipe .......................................................60 Portland Regional Chamber of Commerce .....................60 Potvin’s Quick Stop .........................................................17 Pure Spa & Studio ...........................................................58 Quick Turn Auto Repair & Towing ....................................55 R.W. Day Logging ............................................................58 R.W. Glidden Auto Paint & Body Specialists .................56 Red Mill Lumber ..............................................................24 Regional Rubbish Removal, Inc. ....................................55 Registered Maine Guides ..................................................4 Reilly Well Drilling ............................................................53 Richard Wing & Son Logging Inc. ...................................23 Richard’s Restaurant ......................................................48 Richardson Monument Co., Inc. ...................................41 Risbara Bros. ..................................................................41 Robert W. Libby & Sons, Inc. ...........................................7 Rocky’s Ace Hardware ...................................................49 Rottari Electric .................................................................59 Royalsborough Inn at the Bagley House ..........................45 S.A. McLean, Inc. Snow Plowing Equipment....................18 Salon Mimosa ..................................................................41 Samuel’s Bar & Grill ........................................................40 Scarborough’s Collision ................................................55 Seacoast Concrete Pumping ...........................................14 Seaside Creations ...........................................................49 Seth McCoy’s Excavating ................................................57 Sharp Landscape Construction & Snow Plowing ............27 Simpson’s Landscape and Property Maintenance ..........20 Skip Cahill Tire - Tire Pros ...............................................53 South Bristol Fisherman’s Co-Op .....................................54 Spice & Grain Natural Foods & More................................20 St. Pierre Concrete Services ...........................................46 Stephens Woodworking ..................................................58 Steve Brann Building & Remodeling ...............................45 Swags Window Decorating Shoppe LLC ........................15 Swiss Time ......................................................................27 T.P.T. Trucking / Painting / Tree Work ...............................52 Taco Trio ..........................................................................42 Taylor’s Firewood ............................................................17 Thai Garden Restaurant ..................................................44 The Birches Resort .........................................................36 The Chimney Doctor ........................................................61 The Great Lost Bear ........................................................33 The Good Life Market ......................................................23 The Honey Exchange ......................................................28 The Lodge at Kennebunk ...............................................15 The Milk Room Store ........................................................9 The Miss Wiscasset Diner ...............................................52 The Paper Patch ..............................................................60 The Park Danforth ...........................................................37 The Rangeley Inn ............................................................11 The Theater Project ..........................................................6 Tim’s Heating & Cooling Sales & Service .........................63 Tinker Automotive Services .............................................58 Tony’s Donut Shop ..........................................................34 Trash Guyz ......................................................................24 Triple K Excavation .........................................................61 Two Boys Restoration .....................................................49 Two Fat Cats Bakery ......................................................38 Uncle Tom’s Market ..........................................................61 Vertex Construction .........................................................42 Vintage Maine Images.com.................................................5 Victor the Electrician & Sons ..........................................19 Viola Ventures .................................................................35 V.I.P Eyes ......................................................................27 W.J. Libby Painting Co. ...................................................34 Wadsworth Woodlands ...................................................20 Warren’s Florist ..............................................................21 Waterfront Flea Market ...................................................62 Webbs Mills Eats and Craft Brews .................................59 Welch’s Hardware & Lumber ...........................................57 White Rock Excavating & Logging ..................................17 Willie’s Towing ..................................................................58 Wilson’s Drug Store .........................................................62 Wilson Funeral Home .....................................................59 Woodsome’s Feeds & Needs ...........................................9 Yankee Yardworks ...........................................................45 York County Federal Credit Union ....................................18 Zippy Copy Center ..........................................................57

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~ Southern & Coastal Maine Edition ~ & Coastal Maine Southern

always open,

always fun!

Maine’s home for wicked good fun, with 24/7 casino action and now a brand new hotel and pub!

OxfordCasino.com

Experience round-the-clock casino excitement on our expanded gaming floor, including nearly 1,000 slot machines and 30 table games! With a new hotel featuring over 100 rooms and a new pub-style restaurant offering the best in Maine and New England cuisine, we’re building excitement every day!

Oxford Casino Hotel is just minutes from the Maine Turnpike on Route 26!

Persons under 21 years of age may not enter the gaming area unless licensed as employees. Gambling problem? In Maine, call 2-1-1 or (800) 522-4700 for help.