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S 4 Shuffle

Unit 1

Breaking Bad Focus on … Teachers Right or wrong? Addictions The basics Revision past tenses Pronouns Subject-verb agreement On speaking terms Giving feedback Discussing values Asking about addictions

Mouth gymnastics Join the dots Did you know? Teacher trivia Shuffle Hershey’s Finger exercise The trolley problem On the spot

Unit 1 Breaking Bad

What do you think? What is a moral compass? Who / what influences your moral compass? What is your (secret) addiction? Who is your favourite teacher? Why?

1. Focus on … Teachers 1

Watch the excerpt from "Breaking Bad". Would you like to have this man as your teacher? • • • • •

What subject does he teach? What is this lesson about? What do you learn about H. Tracy Hall? What do you learn about this teacher? Do you think his pupils like him? Do you like him?

Are the characteristics in the box important for a teacher? Put them in one of the columns and try to translate them. [1] communication skills – [2] listening skills – [3] passion – [4] organised – [5] fair – [6] strict – [7] fun – [8] flexible – [9] patient – [10] consistent – [11] clear – [12] high expectations – [13] reflective – [14] prepared to take risks – [15] inspiring – [16] understanding – [17] open-minded – [18] creative – [19] judgmental – [20] having a lot of knowledge – [21] firm – [22] interested – [23] honest – [24] non-condescending – [25] calm – [26] inclusive – [27] unbiased – [28] trustworthy

Not important

Rather important

Important

Very Important

What subjects did these famous teachers teach? Why do you think so?

Albert Einstein J.K. Rowling Sylvester Stallone Sheryl Crow

languages sports music physics Unit 1 Breaking Bad

What do teachers do? Make correct combinations. A.

to correct

to discipline

to inform parents

to teach

to grade exams

to track pupils

to make sure you have everything you need to teach a lesson

to create lesson plans

to make sure the pupils obey the regulations

to prepare lessons

to tell pupils to do something

to reinforce rules

to fill out mandatory forms to make sure youâ€™re in line with the requirements

to do administration

to tell pupils whether or not they are doing well

to instruct pupils

to make sure no one gets out of line in class

to give feedback

to draw up a detailed schedule of the learning trajectory for an entire course

to manage the classroom

to keep an eye on pupils

Unit 1 Breaking Bad

4 5

What types of teachers are these?

high school teacher

kindergarten teacher

elementary school teacher

special education teacher

Unit 1 Breaking Bad

2. On speaking terms Your work is outstanding!

Giving feedback If you can put in some more effort, you will see a big improvement. I know it is hard to focus, but you really should try. You are a real team player! Your work is outstanding, congratulations. Fluency was the focus; I don’t think you really got that. I can hear that you really worked on your pronunciation. You are a great student; I love working with you.

Discuss. Which quote do you think is outstanding? Give proper feedback. • • • • •

'Every kid is one caring adult away from being a success story.' 'A good teacher is like a candle: it consumes itself to light the way to others.' 'You must be the change you wish to see in the world.' 'Teaching is performance art.' 'Give me a fish and I will eat for a day; teach me to fish and I will eat for a lifetime.'

Which of these "Breaking Bad" posters do you like the most? Give positive feedback.

Source: https://posterology.tumblr.com/

Unit 1 Breaking Bad

4 8

Describe your ideal teacher. What subject does he or she teach? What type of teacher is it? What are his or her characteristics? What does he or she do? Then imagine this teacher breaking bad (= turning to a life of immorality or crime). What does he or she turn into? How? Why? Ideal teacher _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

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Breaking bad _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Unit 1 Breaking Bad

Peer review the previous writing exercise. Take the text another pupil has written in exercise 8 and write down on a separate sheet what you think is good about it. Comment on the passages where you lost interested and explain why. The writers then decide which feedback (and advice) to accept and which not. They revise their text below and add a note stating why they accepted some of the feedback and why they rejected the rest. Ideal teacher _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Feedback accepted + why? _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Feedback rejected + why? _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Unit 1 Breaking Bad

4 10

Read the poem and answer the questions. What does this poem tell you about leadership and teaching? Background information: When Abraham Lincoln became president in 1861, his nation was on the verge of a civil war. A lot of people, particularly in the south, didn’t think Lincoln was the best person to represent them. Poet Walt Whitman, however, had a lot of faith in him. Lincoln was assassinated in 1865, a few months before the end of the civil war.

"O Captain! My Captain!" – Walt Whitman O Captain! my Captain! Our fearful trip is done, The ship has weather’d every rack, the prize we sought is won, The port is near, the bells I hear, the people all exulting, While follow eyes the steady keel, the vessel grim and daring; But O heart! heart! heart! O the bleeding drops of red, Where on the deck my Captain lies, Fallen cold and dead. O Captain! my Captain! rise up and hear the bells; Rise up – for you the flag is flung – for you the bugle trills, For you bouquets and ribbon’d wreaths – for you the shores a-crowding, For you they call, the swaying mass, their eager faces turning; Here Captain! dear father! This arm beneath your head! It is some dream that on the deck, You’ve fallen cold and dead. My Captain does not answer, his lips are pale and still, My father does not feel my arm, he has no pulse nor will, The ship is anchor’d safe and sound, its voyage closed and done, From fearful trip the victor ship comes in with object won; Exult O shores, and ring O bells! But I with mournful tread, Walk the deck my Captain lies, Fallen cold and dead.

to weather = doorstaan / a rack = een beproeving / to exult = jubelen / a vessel = een vaartuig / a wreath = een bloemenkrans / the shore = de oever / to sway = wiegen a bugle = een hoorn / pale = bleek / mournful = bedroefd / a tread = een tred eager = vurig

What is this poem about? _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Unit 1 Breaking Bad

Explain the title. _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Is this captain respected? _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Does the poem rhyme? If so, give a few examples. _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Our political leaders today often seem interested only in scoops and good quotes, although they have a huge responsibility to steer our country in the right direction. Aren’t we all in the same boat together? Are teachers captains too? Should they be? Discuss.

Watch this excerpt from the movie "Dead Poets Society". Discuss both teachers. What teachers do you see? How do they differ? _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Who is the ‘captain’? Who has the power? _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

What kind of captain / teacher does our society need right now?

Unit 1 Breaking Bad

3. Mouth gymnastics Join the dots 12

Brian’s night out. To find out what Brian is doing, match the phonetic transcriptions with the words written in the picture. Then join the dots in the same order. Some dots are used more than once.

wash

clue

shoe

paid

three

page shy

when plays place both think

wine

wish was

1) /θɪŋk/

2) /θri:/

3) /bəʊθ/

11) /pleɪs/

12) /θɪŋk/

13) /bəʊθ/

6) /θri:/

7) /ʃu:/ 8) /wɒʃ/

4) /waɪn/ 5) /wen/ 9) /θri:/

10) /peɪdʒ/

Discuss the joke. father:

What did you do today to help your mother?

son:

I dried the dishes.

daughter: And I helped pick up the pieces.

• What period is the father talking about? • What tense is used in the joke? When do you use it? How do you use it?

Unit 1 Breaking Bad

4. The basics What did you do to study your past tenses?

Revision past tenses

Check ck Ba to Basics

Refresh your memory!

Put in the past simple. 1) he – to wait

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2) I – to stop

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3) we – to cook

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4) they – not to listen

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5) you – not to call

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6) it – to happen?

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7) she – not to agree

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8) Damian – to reply?

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9) you – to hear?

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10) I – not to walk

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Complete. Infinitive

Past simple

Translation

to become bouwen slapen understood to teach to give kosten bought went to lay

Unit 1 Breaking Bad

4 16

Read and complete the story. Use the past simple. Mrs Gibson [1 – to be] 82 years old. Her son [2 – to own] an airline company. One day, she [3 – to go] to the airport to take a plane from Australia to the USA. With her she [4 – to have] a flight bag and a pet basket with her little pet dog called Spotty inside. The flight that day was very crowded. Mrs Gibson [5 – to sit] down on a window seat and [6 – to put] her dog basket on the seat next to her. A flight attendant [7 – to say] to her, 'I'm very sorry, madam, but this flight is fully booked. I'm afraid I have to take your dog and put it in the back of the plane for the journey.' The old lady [8 – not to argue] and gave the basket to the flight attendant. After an hour in the air, the flight attendant [9 – to check] on the little dog. She was horrified to see that the dog was dead. She [10 – to tell] the pilot and the pilot told the airport in New York. The company director was furious, because Mrs Gibson was the airline owner's mother. In the end, they [11 – to decide] to buy a different dog to replace the dead one. The flight attendant [12 – to take] a photo of the dog with her phone and [13 – to send] it to New York to show them what it looked like. When the plane [14 – to land], Mrs Gibson [15 – to get off] the plane and the flight attendant [16 – to bring] the basket with a new dog in it. Mrs Gibson [17 – to look] into the basket very quickly and immediately said, 'That's not my dog. Where's my dog? What did you do with little Spotty?' The flight attendant told Mrs Gibson, 'Yes, of course it's your dog. It has the same spots, the same size – it's the same dog.' 'No', said Mrs Gibson, 'I know it isn't.' 'But how do you know? You [18 – not to look] at it for very long.' 'I know', said Mrs Gibson, 'because my dog [1 – to be] dead when I put him in the basket.'

[1]

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[10]

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[2]

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[11]

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[3]

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[12]

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[4]

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[13]

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[5]

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[14]

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[6]

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[15]

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[7]

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[16]

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[8]

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[17]

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[9]

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Your teacher will show you some irregular pasts. • • • •

Write down as many as you can remember in one minute. Share with a partner and try to remember all the words. Check the spelling! Did you get them all? Can you give the infinitives? And the meanings?

Unit 1 Breaking Bad

Write down the story the pictures show. Use the past tense.

You all get a verb in the past tense. Your teacher starts with the sentence: â€˜Yesterday I went to town and I bought some bread.â€™ The first student continues, repeating the sentence but adding another one using his or her verb. The process continues until all the students have used their verb or until the chain becomes impossible to remember.

Unit 1 Breaking Bad

4 20

When do you use used to? What does it express? Make correct sentences, using used to. e.g. I – to love chocolate – to prefer ice cream I used to love chocolate, but now I prefer ice cream. 1) you – to play the piano – play the flute _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

2) he – to teach – to work as a bank manager _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

3) we – to live in a flat – to rent a house _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

4) manuela – to sing lullabies – to read bedtime stories _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

5) they – to buy cake – to bake cookies _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

6) I – to party – to be a mother _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

7) we – to eat out – to order in _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

8) Tom and Jennifer – to be friends – to hate each other _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

9) my mother – to love cats – to prefer dogs _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

10) I – to call people – to send an email _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Unit 1 Breaking Bad

Can you make or break an alibi? Crime scene: murder at the church at 10 oâ€™clock yesterday Two students are suspects. They go outside and prepare an alibi for each other. They have to invent and be prepared to describe a situation during the period of the crime, in which they were in each otherâ€™s company. Meanwhile, the rest of the class, who are the detectives, prepare a number of questions to ask. After preparation, the first suspect is called in and asked questions about his or their movements and actions during the crucial time. Then the second suspect comes in. If their stories match, they are innocent. If there are contradictions, they are guilty.

Unit 1 Breaking Bad

5. Shuffle Hershey’s 22

What do these pictures tell you about Hershey’s? Use the Internet if necessary.

Unit 1 Breaking Bad

6. Focus on … Right or wrong? 23

Watch this excerpt from "Breaking Bad". What has happened to Walt the science teacher? What has Walt become? _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

What made him into the person he is today, according to his wife? _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

What does she want him to do? _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Does Walt agree with his wife? Why (not)? _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Is Walt right or wrong? _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Put in the correct column and translate. virtue – vice – good – bad – mean – crude – justice – values – nasty – duty – principles – hostile – evil – trustworthy – respect – despicable Right

Unit 1 Breaking Bad

Wrong

4 25

There are a lot of things that influence our moral compass. Translate the words form the boxes below and put them in the correct place. • Add the terms from the list to the picture. right – wrong – bad – good

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• Our moral compass is driven by internal and external factors. Put them in the correct column. ethos – principles – rules – values – responsibility – obligation – conscience – promises – duty Internal

External

Make correct combinations. righteous reliable scruple morally right or justifiable a right integrity accountability a moral or legal entitlement to have or do something courage a feeling of doubt or hesitation with regard to the morality of a course of action honesty admiration for someone or something because of their abilities, qualities or achievements respect responsibility trustworthy strength in the face of pain or grief

Unit 1 Breaking Bad

What are these people doing?

to trust

to respect

to honour

to cheat

to lie

Unit 1 Breaking Bad

7. On speaking terms I lie and I cheat

Discussing values

What do you value the most? I don’t like him, but he built his life from scratch, I respect that.

Honesty! I can’t stand liars.

Why are you sad?

People hate me because I lie and I cheat.

What do you pursue in life?

I pursue happiness. The most important thing is my career.

How do you judge a situation like this?

I try to do what’s right.

How do you know what’s right?

What benefits most people is usually right.

Right or wrong? Discuss. • • • • • •

asking your hockey coach, who is two years older than you, out on a date kissing your best friend’s ex not taking the dog out for a walk although it’s your task not doing your homework gossiping about your teachers complaining about your parents

Unit 1 Breaking Bad

Read the prisonerâ€™s dilemma. What would you choose? Discuss. Two members of a criminal gang are arrested and imprisoned. Each prisoner is in solitary confinement with no means of communicating with the other. The prosecutors lack sufficient evidence to convict the pair on the principal charge, but they have enough to convict both on a lesser charge. Simultaneously, the prosecutors offer each prisoner a bargain. Each prisoner is given the opportunity either to betray the other by testifying that the other committed the crime, or to cooperate with the other by remaining silent. The possible outcomes are:

The dilemma emerges because, while the overall best outcome for both prisoners is to keep their mouths shut (1 year sentence for both of them), the prisoners get a higher reward individually by betraying the other, regardless of what the other decides. This is how it works: B will either cooperate or defect

If B cooperates, A should defect, because going free is better than serving 1 year. If B defects, A should also defect, because serving 2 years is better than serving 3.

Therefore, from an individual point of view, A should always defect.

Unit 1 Breaking Bad

4 30

Read this excerpt from an interview with maths professor Steven Strogatz. What does it teach you about morals?

‘In the 1980s, Robert Axelrod asked the world’s leading game theorists from psychology and economics and computer science to submit computer programs to play the prisoner’s dilemma against each other. It was a repeated prisoner’s dilemma. Everybody played everyone many times. And the question was: ’What strategy would do well in the kind of environment where everyone is using all of these different strategies?’ It showed that the winning strategy was the one that people called “tit for tat”. It begins by cooperating on the first move and then doing whatever the opponent did. So if the opponent defected, they will defect in retaliation. It’s a very simple strategy — it was actually the shortest program that was submitted to the tournament. Only four lines of FORTRAN, the computer language of the era in 1980. So it was the shortest program, and was very simple-minded, but it ended up winning. Keep in mind here: these programs are not trying to be goody two shoes. They’re trying to win. These are self-interested individuals. These are egoists; these are free market people; they’re capitalists; they’ll do anything to win. So there’s no sense of morality here. This is just: ‘What does it take to win?’ Now, to come to the punch line, when Axelrod analysed what programs tended to do well in this prisoner’s dilemma tournament, the ones that did well had four properties: be nice, be provokable, be forgiving, and be clear. [Editor’s note: “Nice” means to cooperate; “provokable” means to immediately defect in retaliation when the other player defects on you; “forgiving” means not to hold a grudge, e.g.: someone resumes cooperating with you, and then you resume cooperating and don’t continue to punish them.] So what emerged from the prisoner’s dilemma tournament was be nice, provokable, forgiving, and clear, which to me sounds a lot like the ancient morality that you find in many cultures around the world. This is the “eye for an eye” morality, stern justice. This is not the New Testament, by the way. This is the Old Testament. And I’m not saying it’s necessarily right; I’m just saying it’s interesting that the Old Testament morality ended up winning in this environment. There’s a footnote to this story that’s really interesting, which is that after Axelrod did this work in the early 1980s, a lot of people thought, ‘Well, you know, that’s it. The best thing to do is to play “tit for tat.” But it turns out it’s not that simple. Of course, nothing is ever that simple. His tournament made a certain unrealistic assumption, which was that everybody had perfect information about what everybody did, that nobody ever misunderstood each other. And that’s a problem, because in real life somebody might cooperate, but because of a misunderstanding you might think that they defected. You might feel insulted by their behaviour, even though they were trying to be nice. That happens all the time. Or, similarly, someone might try to be nice, and they accidentally slip up, and they do something offensive. That happens, too. So you can have errors … Watch what happens if you have two “tit for tat” players playing each other, and everybody is following the Old Testament, but then someone misunderstands someone else. Someone says, ‘Hey, you just insulted me. Now I have to retaliate.’ And then, ‘Well, now that you’ve retaliated I have to retaliate because I play by the same code.’ And now we’re stuck in this vendetta where we’re alternately punishing each other for a very long time — which might remind you of some of the conflicts around the world where one side says, ‘Well, we’re just getting back at you for what you did.’ And this can go on for a long time. So in fact what was found in later studies, when they examined the prisoner’s dilemma in environments where errors occurred with a certain frequency, is that the population tended to evolve to being more generous, more like New Testament strategies that will “turn the other cheek”. And would take a certain amount of unprovoked bad behaviour by the opponent … just in order to avoid getting into these sort of vendettas.

Unit 1 Breaking Bad

So you find the evolution towards gradually more and more generous strategies. I think it’s interesting that the Old Testament sort of naturally led to the New Testament in the computer tournament — with no one teaching it to do so. And finally, this is the ultimately disturbing part: once the world evolves to a place where everybody is playing very “Jesus–like” strategies (that is, generous, turning the other cheek), that opens the door for the player who always defects to come back. Everyone is so nice — and they take advantage of that. I mean, the one thing that’s really good about “tit for tat” is that … the player who always defects — he can’t make much progress against “tit for tat”. But they can against the very soft, always cooperating strategies. You end up getting into these extremely long cycles going from all defection to “tit for tat” to always cooperate and back to all defection. Which sort of sounds a lot like some stories you might have heard in history. Countries or civilizations getting softer and softer and then getting taken over by the barbarians. So if we ask the question ‘Where does morality come from?’, one might say morality came from God. But one could also say morality came from evolution; it’s natural selection, which is all we’re talking about here, trying to win at the game of life.’ Source: after https://www.businessinsider.com.au/steven-strogatz-interview-on-math-education-2016-6

What is "tit for tat"? _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Why does this strategy not always work out in real life? _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

What is the New Testament approach to morality? Does this work nowadays? _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Which strategy would you choose in life? _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Unit 1 Breaking Bad

4 31

Consider the following dilemma. One of your friends has a secret. If you donâ€™t tell on them, this secret will be harmful to them or it is bound to get them into trouble. If you do tell on them, they will probably be angry with you. Give a real life example of such a dilemma in a school context. What are the possible choices you have? What are the consequences of these choices? Which choice will you make? Is there perhaps another solution, or can this situation be prevented? Dilemma: _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Possible choices and their consequences: _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Your choice: _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Other solution(s) / prevention: _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Unit 1 Breaking Bad

Listen to Vince Gilligan, the creator of "Breaking Bad", talking about the morality of the show. Do you agree with him? What made the character of Walter morally interesting? _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Why is a moral universe so important for us? Does the show reflect a moral universe? _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

It is an extremely violent program. Why can showing violence be a good thing morally? _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Unit 1 Breaking Bad

4 33

Read the dialogue. Who is talking and what is it about? - But I love you. • No, you don’t love me. You love my car. My house. My swimming pool. You love everything that is mine, except me. - Frankly, I love your bank account the most. Especially now it’s going to be mine instead of yours. • In your dreams. - In reality, you mean. We are leaving. • Who is we? - Well, of course I take the kids with me. • They are not yours! They are ours! They are our kids! - That’s the first time I hear you say they are yours too. What about their dreams? Their fears? What do you know about that? • I remember everything they’ve told me. - But they haven’t told you anything, have they? What you know is what they told us. Or wat they told me. What do you know about them anyway? • Yesterday Junior told me he loved me. He really did. - And what did you tell him? • That I loved him too, of course. That I am his dad and he can always ask me anything. It’s just a question of taking some time, you know. And Chyler said she wanted a new laptop. Hers was broken. - And of course, you gave her one. Her old one is just two months old, did you know that? • She dropped lemonade on it. Its keyboard is ruined. - I surely believe she did. It was a brand new laptop, but you replaced it nonetheless. • And because Junior left his lying on the table, I assumed he wanted a new one too. Now I start to think about it, you and the kids, you’re all the same. All you want is money. I don’t want to see you anymore. I don’t want to hear anything about your problems. The kids are yours, you are right. And you can keep them. Don’t forget to take the rubbish on the table when you leave. It’s theirs.

Unit 1 Breaking Bad

8. The basics I don’t care what he thinks she has done Pronouns A pronoun is a word that takes the place of one or more nouns. subject pronoun I you he / she / it we you they

object pronoun me you him / her / it us you them

possessive pronoun my – mine your – yours his / her / its – his / hers our – ours your – yours their – theirs

demonstrative pronouns • to refer to things nearby: this, these • to refer to things further away: that, those

Cover the table above and complete the table below. Subject pronoun

Object pronoun

Possessive pronoun

– – yours him / her / it

– our –

you

– them

Complete with the correct pronoun. 1) Davy forgot … books on the table.

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2) Which books are …?

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… on the sofa here or … on the table over there? 3) Danny and Mitchell are cooking in … kitchen. … had a fire in … house, so we told … they could use … 4) If you show … …, I’ll show you …

–

Unit 1 Breaking Bad

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4 36

Complete. Hi Aleesha, [1] name is Joan. I am an English student. I have two brothers, Sean and Derek, [2] are both older than [3]. [4] share a room, I don’t have to share [5]. [6] parents don’t want [7] to smoke in [8] house, but I know Sean does. [9] hides [10] cigarettes under the bed. [11] mother found them one time, but he told [12] they were not [13]. [14] friends smoke and [15] told mum the cigarettes were [16]. [17] believed [18]! Can [19] believe that? What about [20] family? Do [21] have brothers or sisters? Do [22] smoke? And [23] parents? What do [24] allow you to do in [25] house? [26] can’t wait to read [27] reply!

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Work in pairs. Using colours and demonstrative pronouns, describe things in the classroom which your partner has to guess. E.g. These are blue. – pens

Unit 1 Breaking Bad

9. Focus on … Addictions 38

Watch the excerpt from "Breaking Bad" and answer the questions. What does this excerpt tell you about addiction? _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

What does Walt do? _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Walt cries. What do the tears tell you about his morals? _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

What is the worst addiction? Rank from least to most harmful and explain why. drugs – junk food – computer – television – smartphone – Netflix – gambling – smoking – alcohol – shopping – coffee _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Unit 1 Breaking Bad

4 40

Make correct combinations. an overdose symptoms that occur when you abruptly stop taking a drug cold turkey effects of drugs other than the desired effects withdrawal a drug that is likely to lead to the use of more dangerous drugs compulsive a state where you require more and more drugs to produce the same effects hooked something you do which you can’t control tolerance addicted side effects too much of a drug taken at one time a gateway drug to stop using a drug in a sudden way, producing unpleasant symptoms

Put the different stages of addiction in chronological order. to have an addiction – to beat / overcome an addiction – to become / turn into an addict – to treat an addiction – to feed an addiction _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Unit 1 Breaking Bad

10. On speaking terms It’s just a habit!

Asking about addictions I am not addicted to shopping. I just love new clothes.

Exactly.

I am a bit worried about the amount of time you spend on Instagram.

I just have the habit of checking my social media accounts regularly.

Give me back my phone, I can’t function without it!

Yet you keep saying you are not addicted.

I think you should try to drink less coffee.

It’s the only thing that gets me going in the morning!

Discuss. • • • • •

I don’t drink, I don’t smoke. The only thing I do is watch Netflix.

What is the difference between a habit and an addiction? Some people replace one addiction with another. Can you think of an example? What is the strangest addiction you have ever heard of? Are alcohol and cigarettes legal drugs? Once an addict, always an addict. Do you agree?

Interview a friend. What are their chances of getting addicted to … • chocolate • computer games • gossiping • texting • the Internet • shopping • alcohol • gambling

Work with a partner. One of you is a Netflix addict, the other one is the boyfriend / girlfriend who doesn’t want to be in a relationship with a couch potato. Have a conversation.

Unit 1 Breaking Bad

4 45

We are all hooked on something, whether it be sugar, television or worse. Write a letter to your addiction. Tell your addiction how it started, how it makes you feel, what impact it has? Has it hurt people? Does it have positive consequences as well? _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Unit 1 Breaking Bad

Listen to the song while reading the lyrics. What animal is often called Polly in English?

"Polly" – Nirvana Polly wants a cracker I think I should get off her first I think she wants some water To put out the blow torch

I’ve got some rope, you have been told I promise you, I have been true Let me take a ride, don’t cut yourself I want some help, to please myself

It isn't me, we have some seed Let me clip your dirty wings Let me take a ride, don’t cut yourself I want some help, to please myself

Polly said

I’ve got some rope, you have been told I promise you, I have been true Let me take a ride, don’t cut yourself I want some help, to please myself Polly wants a cracker Maybe she would like some food She asked me to untie her A chase would be nice for a few It isn't me, we have some seed Let me clip your dirty wings Let me take a ride, don’t cut yourself I want some help, to please myself

Polly says her back hurts She's just as bored as me She caught me off my guard It amazes me, the will of instinct It isn't me, we have some seeds Let me clip your dirty wings Let me take a ride, don’t cut yourself I want some help, to please myself I’ve got some rope, you have been told I promise you, I have been true Let me take a ride, don’t cut yourself I want some help, to please myself

• What is the song about? What feelings does it express? • Now watch the video clip. What does the clip change / add to your interpretation of the song? Does it change your feelings when you listen to it? • Listen to the live version of the song. Do you hear any differences? Which version gives you the best feeling? • Read the fact below. What does it tell you about Kurt’s moral compass?

Cobain wrote about an incident, which occurred after the song's original release on "Nevermind", in the liner notes to their next album "Incesticide": 'Last year, a girl was raped by two wastes of sperm and eggs while they sang the lyrics to our song "Polly". I have a hard time carrying on knowing there are plankton like that in our audience.'

Unit 1 Breaking Bad

11. Did you know? Teacher trivia 47

Do these facts make you look at your teacher(s) in a different way? • A University of Pennsylvania study found that 33% of teachers leave within the first three years of beginning their careers and 46% leave within the first five. • In the United States, surveys reveal that teachers are second only to military personnel as the occupation that contributes most to society’s well-being. • Researchers note that the stress teachers experience can be compared to what air-traffic controllers, firefighters, and pilots are faced with. • Teachers make 14% less than people in other professions that require similar levels of education. • On average, teachers work 10 hours per day and 52 hours per week. • In 2007-08, about 76% of public school teachers were female, 44% were under the age of 40, and 52% had a master’s degree or higher. In private schools, 74% were female, 39% were under the age of 40, and 38% had a master’s or higher. • Approximately 92.4% of teachers spend their own money on their students or classrooms. • A survey of teachers revealed that they have enough mugs, frames, and stuffed animals. They appreciate a gift card to places like Starbucks - or, even better, a thank you note. • Minority teachers are 2-3 times more likely than white teachers to work in hard-to-staff public schools, such as those that serve high-poverty, high-minority, and urban communities. • The average age of retirement for teachers is about 59 years old. • The number of males entering the teaching profession has grown by 26%. The number of women entering teaching has increased at over twice that rate. If the trend continues, researchers conclude that soon 8 out of 10 teachers in America will be female. • Teachers in 19 states, including Indiana and Missouri, can still paddle students as a form of discipline. While most states that allow corporal punishment are in the south, it is also legal in Idaho and Wyoming. • Teachers note that kids dish on their parents’ secrets all the time, including money problems, religion, politics, and even their dad’s vasectomy. Source: after https://www.factretriever.com/teacher–facts, Karin Lehnardt

• Write a hashtag about the most interesting fact. #_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ • Which facts are typical for the United States? • Do you think being a teacher is a good job, based on these facts?

What is tricky about these sentences? • • • • • • •

The list of items is on the desk. The team have a row. The magazine or the books go on that shelf. The number of people killed is enormous. Each of the cats drinks milk. The king, along with the queen, is greeting the audience. Two months is a long time! Unit 1 Breaking Bad

12. The basics There is no ‘I’ in team Subject–verb agreement Basic rule: • a singular subject takes a singular verb. • a plural subject takes a plural verb. Step 1: is the subject singular or plural? Step 2: is the verb singular or plural? ! How do you know if a verb is singular or plural? ➛ Think of which verb you would use with he or she (talks ➛ singular) and which verb you would use with they (talk ➛ plural).

Singular

1 with singular subjects connected by or or nor My brother or my sister is cooking today. 2 with singular subjects connected by either / or or neither / nor Neither Jimmy nor Carmen is home. ! when I is one of them, put it last + use singular verb Neither he nor I am going to the party. 3 with the pronouns each, everyone, every one, everybody, anyone, anybody, someone and somebody Each of the boys cooks well. 4 with the expression the number The number of people killed is high. 5 when either and neither are subjects Neither of them knows what to do. 6 with sums of money or periods of time 100 dollars is a high price!

Singular or plural

7 with singular subject / or or nor / plural subject: put plural subject last and use a plural verb The magazine or the books go on that shelf. 8 with words that indicate portions (percent, fraction, part, majority, some, all, none, remainder): if object is singular: singular / if object is plural: plural Fifty percent of the city is happy.

Unit 1 Breaking Bad

9 with the pronouns who, that and which: look at the noun right in front of them John is the writer who won a prize. She is one of the girls who bake cake. 10 with team and staff: look at their use in the sentence The team is in a game. (The team is acting as one unit.) The team are in disagreement. (The team are acting as individuals here.) ! Ignore expressions such as along with, as well as, besides or not. The teacher, along with the pupils, is walking on the street.

Plural

11 with two or more subjects connected by and A dog and a cat are my companions. 12 when a singular and plural subject are connected by either / or or neither / nor: plural subject last + a plural verb Neither Eric nor the others are in. 13 with the expression a number A number of people are killed.

Read the following sentences. Mark the subjects in green and the verbs in blue. 1) He needs her in times of trouble. 2) Watch your step! 3) Every one of the boys laughed. 4) They had their share of trouble, but they lived happily ever after. 5) Jane and Emma go to the city to shop. 6) When Jane and Emma arrived, they found that their friends had lost their money. 7) The group of children from that school has never travelled to Dublin. 8) If our staff don’t stop disagreeing, this meeting will never end. 9) Either Tom or I am driving you to the station. 10) Neither Sean nor they were willing to help her.

Unit 1 Breaking Bad

Match the beginnings with the correct endings to make sentences which are grammatically correct and make sense.

Neither of the rooms Neither the murderer nor his companions Bread and butter The number of dogs stolen One of the main reasons for the hunt

are my favourite types of food. is the money. is big enough. were ever seen again. is low.

Are these subjects singular or plural? Put them in the correct column. [1] 40 cents – [2] the dog or the cat – [3] neither Ron nor Emma – [4] each of the men – [5] Jim, as well as Eve – [6] everybody – [7] the number of people – [8] the players who love me – [9] the majority of the city – [10] either of them – [11] Ricky and Ricardo Singular

Plural

Complete. Make sure the verb agrees with the subject. 1) Ellis is one of the kids who (to be) painting my wall.

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2) Seven dogs (to be) living in my street.

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3) She (to be) the brightest girl I know.

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4) The cats that (to be) fighting belong to Ann.

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5) No one in my class (to like) English grammar.

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6) Most of the salad (to be) eaten.

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7) Either the CEO or the managers (to be) going to take a decision.

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8) The tornadoes we see every spring (to be) more than just a weather phenomenon.

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9) 1,000 dollars (to be) a big amount!

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10) The girl who (to drink) that lemonade is my sister.

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Unit 1 Breaking Bad

4 53

Complete the crossword. 1

2 4 3

Across 1) Three-quarters of the students … . (to cheat) 2) Everyday people … in stories too. (to appear) 3) A high percentage of the class … too much. (to drink) 5) Either my brother or I … going to do the dishes. (to be) 6) John, along with his sisters, … a wonderful cake. (to bake) 8) The piano, as well as the guitar, … difficult to play. (to be)

5 7 6

Down 1) One of my brothers … his car every week. (to clean) 4) Some of the books … to be stolen. (to seem) 5) A number of cakes … stale. (to be) 7) Everybody in this room … how to do that. (to know)

Unit 1 Breaking Bad

Write five sentences about Manchester United, using the info in the text. Use a different rule about subject-verb agreement in each sentence and name the rule (you can use the number from the boxes on pages 40-41). Manchester United Football Club is an English professional football club, based in Old Trafford, Greater Manchester, which plays in the Premier League. The current manager, Sir Alex Ferguson, has won 24 major honours since he took over in November 1986. Manchester United has won many trophies in English football, including a record 19 league titles, a record 11 FA Cups, four League Cups and a record 19 FA Community Shields. The club has also won three European Cups, one UEFA Cup Winners' Cup, one UEFA Super Cup, one Intercontinental Cup and one FIFA Club World Cup. In 1998-99, the club won a Treble of the Premier League, the FA Cup and the UEFA Champions League, an unprecedented feat for an English club. Manchester United is one of the wealthiest and most widely supported football teams in the world. As of July 2012, the club is number one in Forbes Magazine's annual ranking of the world's 50 most valuable sports teams, valued at $2.23 billion.

Rule:_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 2)

Work in pairs, take turns. One of you randomly says a subject (I, he, you, they, we, she, it, the cat, my friends …), the other one answers as quickly as possible with the corresponding form of one of the verbs in the list below. to be – to have – to do – to eat – to listen – to choose – to love e.g. student 1: I student 2: Have

Unit 1 Breaking Bad

13. Finger exercise The Trolley problem 56

Work in groups, discussing the trolley problem. What are the possibilities? What are the outcomes? What do you think is the right thing to do ethically? The trolley problem The trolley problem is a thought experiment in ethics, involving situations where people have to make a moral choice. Consider the following situation: There is a trolley coming down the track. Ahead, there are five people tied to the track who are unable to move. The trolley will kill the five people and there is nothing you can do to rescue them, EXCEPT that there is a lever. If you pull the lever, the train will be directed to another track, which has ONE person tied to it. This person will die if you pull the lever. What do you do? Now, consider the second situation: There is a trolley coming down the track. Ahead, there are five people tied to the track who are unable to move. The trolley will kill the five people. However, in this situation, you are standing on a bridge above the train tracks and you can see the train coming. There is a man standing next to you, who is so enormous and heavy that if you push him in front of the oncoming trolley, he will be killed and the trolley will be stopped, saving the other five people. What do you do now?

â€˘ For both situations, write down which choice your group has made and the consequences of this choice. Is there a difference between the situations? â€˘ Explain the moral reasons behind your choice. â€˘ What values do you think are most important here?

Unit 1 Breaking Bad

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Unit 1 Breaking Bad

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On the spot Check

Repeat

Teacherâ€™s notes

Focus on â€Ś I can use the vocabulary about teachers.

p. 7 - 9 ex. 1 - 5

I can use the vocabulary about moral dilemmas.

p. 22 - 24 ex. 23 - 27

I can use the vocabulary about addictions.

p. 34 - 35 ex. 38 - 41

The basics I can form and use the past tenses.

p. 16 - 20

I can use the vocabulary about ex. 14 - 21 moral dilemmas.

I can form and use pronouns.

p. 32 - 34 ex. 34 - 37

I can use the grammar about subject-verb agreement.

p. 40 - 44 ex. 49 - 55

On speaking terms I can give feedback.

p. 10 - 14 ex. 6 - 11

I can discuss values.

p. 25 - 31 ex. 28 - 33

I can talk about addictions.

p. 36 - 38 ex. 42 - 46

Unit 1 Breaking Bad

Recap Focus on … 1

Which word is the odd one out? Mark it and translate it. 1) strict – firm – fun 2) unbiased – open-minded – judgmental – fair 3) caring – inclusive – non-condescending – prepared to take risks 4) to do administration – to discipline – to reinforce rules 5) to give feedback – to grade student work – to track students – to correct – to inspire 6) right – vice – virtue – value 7) honest – trustworthy – nasty – righteous 8) to respect – to honour – to cheat 9) side effects – gambling – smoking – shopping 10) hooked – to overcome addiction – addicted 11) to feed – to beat – to treat

Unit 1 Breaking Bad

Recap The basics 2

Complete using the correct pronouns and put in the past tense. There are two sentences where you have to use used to. 1) (Jean – to play) football, but now … plays tennis. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

2) (Gregory – to lose) … wallet. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

3) Anne–Marie and I are best friends. (… – to play) together, now … go dancing every week. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

4) (Alice and John – to forget) … pens, so (we – to give) them one of ... . ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

5) I’m glad (you – not to call) my ex–girlfriend. (I – to break up) with … for a good reason! ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

6) (Eric and Ann – to stay) at home or (… – to go out)? ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

7) (I – not to love) … anymore, so (I – to say) goodbye to Lennard. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

8) (we – to move) to a new home, … house is the last in the street now. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Unit 1 Breaking Bad

Recap 3

Singular or plural? Complete the following sentences. 1) Here (to lie) Fred and June. May they rest in peace. 2) Each of the girls (to have) 5 minutes to explain what happened. 3) Neither the size nor the colour of the cards (to be) right.

__________________________________

4) One of the boys who (to be) playing football (to be) my brother.

__________________________________

5) The team (to have) decided not to play anymore.

__________________________________

6) Five percent of the group (to have) answered the questions.

__________________________________

7) Either my parents or I (to be) staying home.

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8) None of the neighbours (to want) to help.

__________________________________

9) The number of dogs lost during the holidays (to be) high.

__________________________________

10) 5 dollars (to be) a bargain.

__________________________________

Unit 1 Breaking Bad

_______________________________

Recap On speaking terms 4

Which of these famous teachers would you like to have? Why? • • • • •

J.K. Rowling Mother Teresa Albert Einstein Liam Hemsworth Michelle Obama

Unit 1 Breaking Bad

Words unit 1 Teachers knowledge passion communication skills listening skills high expectations mathematics languages sports music a high school teacher a kindergarten teacher an elementary school teacher a special education teacher caring prepared organised fair strict fun flexible patient consistent positive clear reflective prepared to take risks inspiring understanding open-minded creative judgmental firm interested honest

Unit 1 Breaking Bad

I have no … of French. I can’t teach you. He loves teaching. He has such … His … are excellent. He knows how to deliver a message. You can tell him anything. His … are amazing. I know you can do better. I have high … I love numbers, that’s why I became a … teacher. I studied Russian at university. I’m good at … I play football and tennis. I love …! I learnt to play “Für Elise” last week. My … teacher is really good. He teaches pupils between the age of 12 and 18, he is a …

He teaches toddlers; he is a … He teaches children between the age of 6 and 12; he is an … He teaches kids who have special needs; he is a … He is loving and … She knows what she’ll do; she is … She knows exactly where everything is; she is … He’ll listen to both parties; he is … She won’t let you break the rules; she is … He loves a joke; he is … to be around. She doesn’t mind changing plans; she is … She will give you all the time you need; she is … With her, you always know what to expect. She is … She is optimistic about the future; she is … She will definitely leave; she’s been very … about that. He thinks deeply about everything; he is a … man. He gambles; he is … She is a role model; she is really … She’ll get you; she is very … You can tell her everything; she is … Her art is fantastic; she is so … I don’t want to be …; but it annoys me that he is always trying to please everyone. Teachers must be … with their pupils. He will ask many questions; he is … He will tell you the truth; he is …

kennis passie communicatievaardigheden luistervaardigheden hoge verwachtingen wiskunde talen sport muziek een leerkracht middelbaar onderwijs een kleuterleider / kleuterleidster een onderwijzer / onderwijzeres een leerkracht bijzonder onderwijs zorgzaam voorbereid georganiseerd fair, redelijk strikt leuk flexibel geduldig consequent positief duidelijk bedachtzaam bereid om risico’s te nemen inspirerend begripvol ruimdenkend creatief oordelend vastberaden geïnteresseerd eerlijk

4 noncondescending calm inclusive unbiased trustworthy to teach to organize to correct to discipline to prepare the lessons to create lesson plans to track students to inform parents to reinforce rules to do administration to instruct

He will listen, despite his rank. He is …

niet-neerbuigend

In the midst of chaos; she is … He wants everybody to join; he is … He doesn’t have any prejudice; he is … You trust in him; he is … My subject is languages. I … French. I … the school fair. I will … your mistakes. I … the pupils when they don’t behave. I … well in advance. I am … for my courses next week.

kalm inclusief onbevooroordeeld betrouwbaar onderwijzen organiseren corrigeren straffen de lessen voorbereiden lesplannen opmaken

I … so I know who I have to keep a close watch on. I … of the their children’s results. I … when the children misbehave. I have to file the invoices, I hate …

studenten opvolgen ouders informeren regels bekrachtigen administratie doen

I … you to make the next exercise.

to grade to give feedback to manage the classroom

So many A’s. I am happy to … exams today. If you want me to improve, you have to ... Disciplining students is an integral part of …

instructies geven / opdragen een cijfers geven (op) feedback geven de klas in de hand houden

Right or wrong? right wrong a virtue a vice a value justice a duty a principle respect ethos a rule responsibility an obligation a conscience a promise scruples accountable courage honesty good bad trustworthy

He is not wrong; he is … He is not right; he is … Justice is a … Lust is often considered a … We need to be guided by our moral … Wrongdoers get punished; that is … It is your … to take care of your children. I don’t eat animals, that’s one of my … He is your father; show some … My … is my set of moral beliefs. I don’t cheat; I play by the … He is the principal, it is his … We are free; we have no … Your … will tell you what to do. I made a … I can’t break it. He will do whatever it takes. He has no … The directors are … to the shareholders. You need … to do what he has done. He tells the truth, he values … Respecting people is … Hurting people is … Don’t tell him anything; he is not …

juist fout een deugd een zonde een waarde rechtvaardigheid een plicht een principe respect ethos een regel verantwoordelijkheid een verplichting een geweten een belofte scrupules aansprakelijk moed eerlijkheid goed slecht betrouwbaar

Unit 1 Breaking Bad

mean crude nasty hostile evil despicable righteous to trust to respect to judge to honour to cheat

He can hurt you; he is … He says whatever he feels like; he can be very … She's always making … remarks about me. He has a gun and he will use it; he is … He doesn’t understand good; he is … I don’t agree with your behaviour; it’s … The God of the New Testament is … She won’t tell anyone; you can … her. He is your father; … him. As far as I can …, he is to blame. You can … him by doing what’s right. That’s not fair, you …

to lie to pursue

You’re not telling the truth, you are … My main goal in life is to … happiness.

gemeen bot, ruw gemeen, vals vijandig slecht verachtelijk rechtvaardig vertrouwen respecteren oordelen eren valsspelen, bedriegen liegen nastreven

Addictions a drug junk food a computer television a smartphone to gamble to smoke alcohol to shop a coffee an overdose withdrawal a tolerance a side effect a gateway drug compulsive hooked to become an addict to turn into an addict to feed your addiction to treat your addiction to beat your addiction to overcome your addiction to have an addiction

Unit 1 Breaking Bad

Speed is a … Fries are … He spends all day playing on his … Do you watch …? An iPhone is a … In a casino you can … … causes cancer. … is very expensive in Scandinavia. She went … at the mall. I can’t start the day without my … He consumed too many drugs; he had an … She was suffering … from nicotine. He developed a … to heroin, so he started to use more. He is nauseous; that is a … of heroin use. Heavy painkillers are often … for heroin. He can’t help it; it is … behaviour. Once you try it, you are … You don’t choose to … One day you try it and you … He’s always looking for drugs to … You can go to a clinic to … If you are lucky, you can … When you are no longer an addict, you have … It is not easy to admit you …

een drug junk food een computer televisie een smartphone gokken roken alcohol winkelen een koffie een overdosis ontwenning een tolerantie een bijwerking een gateway drug dwangmatig verslaafd een verslaafde worden in een verslaafde veranderen je verslaving voeden je verslaving behandelen je verslaving verslaan je verslaving overwinnen een verslaving hebben

S 4 Shuffle

Unit 2

The Crown Focus on â€Ś Royalty Relationships Etiquette The basics Revision present tenses Adjectives and adverbs Question word questions On speaking terms Rumours about royals Discussing relationships Polite conversations

Mouth gymnastics Humming (intonation) Did you know? Royal rules Shuffle Adele Finger exercise School manners On the spot

Unit 2 The Crown

7. The basics An extremely pretty, red, wooden floor ADJECTIVES Use • adjectives are words that describe or modify nouns and pronouns: I ate a healthy* lunch. * healthy is an adjective that describes the noun lunch. It indicates what kind of lunch I ate. • adjectives usually answer one of the following questions: Which? What kind of? How many? • used with: - nouns That’s a blue car. - the verbs to be, to become, to stay, to get and to seem She seems shy. - verbs of the senses (e.g. to feel) I feel so happy! Position • generally before the noun they modify: • when used together, you generally put: - qualities before colour before material - size before shape - personal opinion before fact - bigger general overview before specific focused individual details

a funny guy a pretty, red, wooden floor a big, round pool an ugly, black dog a famous Dutch writer

! These are only guidelines, not rules, and variation is often possible.

Complete. Use the list. black – entire – white – awful – famous – ugly – English - woollen 1) I am so hungry! I could eat an … horse.

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2) You don’t want to go there. They live in an … neighbourhood.

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3) Most animals are pretty, but that’s just an …, … cat.

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4) I can’t believe you don’t know him! He is a … … actor!

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5) Do you love my new outfit? It’s a …, … costume.

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Unit 2 The Crown

Which things can be described by all three adjectives in the list below? expensive – dangerous – big Choose a partner. Write down three adjectives and all the things those adjectives could describe. e.g. red: roses, lipstick, cherries, wine… _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Write down three adjectives that describe who you are on a piece of paper. The teacher collects the papers and reads them out. Can the class guess which set of adjectives belongs to whom?

Adverbs of frequency reveal how often something is done. Where should the following adverbs be placed on the continuum? [1] sometimes – [2] always – [3] rarely – [4] occasionally – [5] never– [6] usually – [7] often– [8] hardly ever 0% 100%

Unit 2 The Crown

ADVERBS Use • adverbs are words that describe or modify verbs, adjectives, adverbs or clauses: She ate quickly*. / That girl is extremely* nice. * quickly is an adverb that tells us how she ate. * extremely is an adverb that tells us how nice (adjective) the girl is. • adverbs usually answer the following question: How? • used with: - adjectives He is completely crazy. - verbs (except to be, to become, to stay, She dances elegantly. to get, to seem and verbs of the senses) - other adverbs He writes extremely quickly. - to define a whole sentence. Apparently, the party is a failure. Formation • general rule: adjective + ly Exceptions: check Back to Basics

quick ➛ quickly

Position • a safe place to put the adverb is at the end of the sentence. He plays horribly. In end position, adverbs always have the same order: manner – place – time. She sang beautifully at the party last week.

Complete. Use the list. fast – quickly – horribly – extremely – hardly – yesterday – last week – in the streets – at the quiz

1) I … ever see him.

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2) She answered … … ….

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___________________________________________ ___________________________________________

3) She writes … ...

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4) Don’t you fear this … deep well?

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5) They played … ...

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Work with a partner. You are boyfriend and girlfriend. Prepare a dialogue in which one of you complains and the other denies everything. Use as many adverbs of frequency as possible. e.g. - You never remember our dates! • I usually remember our dates!

Unit 2 The Crown

Adjective or adverb? 1) (Clearly / Clear), John had no idea what was going on. 2) The doctor said it was a (clearly / clear) case of a broken ankle. 3) You seem (sadly / sad) today. 4) What are you cooking? It smells (awfully / awful)! 5) The secretary (kindly / kind) asked him to show more patience. 6) It was a (terribly / terrible) accident! 7) Emma is a (wonderfully / wonderful) cook; she bakes (quickly / quick). 8) You are a (carelessly / careless) driver! 9) That is an (awfully / awful) loud noise! 10) She was a (viciously / vicious), (violently / violent) woman.

Unit 2 The Crown

8. Shuffle Adele 44

Watch the excerpt. What does Adele teach you about England? What is ‘Carpool Karaoke’? ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Who is Adele? ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Marc E., https://creativecommons.org/ licenses/by/2.0/deed.en

______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Where are they driving? __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

What ‘infamous’ British behaviour are they talking about? __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Unit 2 The Crown

9. Focus on … Etiquette 45

What does this excerpt from "The Crown" teach you about the importance of etiquette?

What type of manners are these? Put them in the correct column and discuss. [1] to queue – [2] to spit on the street – [3] to burp – [4] to apologise – [5] to say please and thank you – [6] to cover your mouth when you yawn or sneeze – [7] to pick your nose – [8] to show respect – [9] to drink from the bottle – [10] to eat with your fingers – [11] to sit up straight – [12] to wash your hands – [13] to chew with your mouth closed – [14] to stare – [15] to raise your hand before answering – [16] to listen attentively – [17] to cut the line – [18] to hold the door – [19] to keep your distance

Good manners

Bad manners

Find the words that fit the definitions in the word cloud.

: offensively impolite or bad-mannered

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: rules for polite behaviour when eating with others

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: code of diplomatic etiquette

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: polite, respectful

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: showing behaviour that is respectful

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: the way someone acts

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: official

__________________________________________________________________________________

: an idea, feeling or opinion about someone or something

__________________________________________________________________________________

Unit 2 The Crown

4 48

What is the correct translation? Choose from the list. wijs – aardig – vriendelijk – beledigend, aanstootgevend – begripvol – grof – onbeleefd – ongemakkelijk – bruut – agressief – gemakkelijk – hoffelijk – beleefd 1) courteous:

___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

2) rude:

___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

3) offensive:

___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

4) impolite:

___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

5) understanding:

___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

6) uncomfortable:

___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

7) knowing:

___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

8) brutal:

___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

9) aggressive:

___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

10) kind:

___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

11) friendly:

___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

12) polite:

___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

13) comfortable:

___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Unit 2 The Crown

10. On speaking terms Excuse me, can I have this seat?

Polite conversations Can you please move your luggage, so I can take this seat?

I’m afraid you can’t, I’m saving it for my friend.

Can I have a coffee, please? Thank you, I really appreciate your effort.

You are welcome.

Excuse me, can you turn down the volume of your iPod? Excuse me, may I pass? Do you mind? You’re blocking the door. Can you please silence your dog? I can’t sleep. Could you possibly smoke outside? Would you kindly accept my invitation? Would you be so kind as to explain to me how this works?

What can you say about etiquette in these situations?

Discuss the etiquette in this excerpt from "The Crown". How does etiquette influence the relationships?

Unit 2 The Crown

4 51

Read the poster below. Which tea etiquette rule do you think is the most logical one? Which one do you think is absolute nonsense? How do you drink your tea?

Watch Claire Foy and Matt Smith, the actors who play Queen Elizabeth and Prince Philip in “The Crown” discuss tea etiquette. • Do they know the rules? • Have they addressed all the rules form the previous exercise?

Unit 2 The Crown

Etiquette requires one to engage in conversation over tea, even with strangers such as the head of your school. Work out some useful cards with prompts about topics that are safe to bring up in a conversation with your principal. I really love our school, because it is rather small

If I could change one thing in our school, it would be the gym

_________________________________________________________________________

11. Did you know? Royal rules 54

British royals have to adhere to some bizarre rules. Rank the following from most to least logical. Use the Internet to find one more bizarre royal etiquette rule. As far as etiquette goes, one of the worst things women in the British royal family can do is sit with their legs crossed at the knee. Legs and knees must be kept together at all times, although crossing at the ankle is fine. One popular pose is called “the duchess slant”, named after Kate Middleton, the Duchess of Cambridge. It involves keeping her knees and ankles tightly together and slanting her legs to the side, which keeps her posture modest and makes her legs appear longer. ____ Whenever the royal family is part of a procession, they enter in the order of who’s next in line to the throne (accompanied by their respective spouses). This is the order: Queen Elizabeth II and the Duke of Edinburgh (Prince Philip, her husband), the Prince of Wales and the Duchess of Cornwall (Prince Charles and his wife, Camilla), the Duke and Duchess of Cambridge (Prince William and Kate Middleton), and so on. ____

Unit 2 The Crown

Royal curtsies are not required to reach the floor. Women can simply put one leg behind the other, bend their knees, and bow their heads slightly. Deeper curtsies and long pauses are a sign of respect and formality. ____ Everyone in the queenâ€™s presence is required to rise when the queen is standing, or when she exits or enters a room. ____ In order to preserve the line to the throne, two heirs are never allowed to travel together for fear that an accident might occur. ____ The queen uses her purse to send subtle social signals without being impolite. When she puts her clutch on the table at dinner, for instance, it means it's time to wrap things up. When she swaps her purse from her left hand to her right, it means she wants to finish up her conversation. ____ Public displays of affection are generally frowned upon in the royal family - especially when travelling. Royals are expected to never make royals from another culture feel uncomfortable by showing signs of affection. ____ Prince George is always photographed in shorts and that is no coincidence. Boys in the royal family are typically in shorts until the age of 8; trousers are reserved for young adults and grown men. ____ Prince Phillip is always required to walk two steps behind his wife, in acknowledgement of his respect for her title. ____ No matter how badly the queen's dogs behave, the staff at Buckingham and Kensington Palace are not allowed to reprimand them. She prefers that they be allowed to roam freely and walks them herself daily. The royal dogs are served gourmet meals, which are prepared by a chef and delivered by a footman. ____ Guests arenâ€™t allowed to go to bed before the queen, who tucks in at midnight. ____ Women of the royal family are expected to wear stockings with skirts and dresses. ____ In order to prevent their signatures from being forged, royals aren't allowed to sign autographs. ____

Read and solve the riddles. - Which animal eats with its ears?

Answer: _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

- What's better than the best thing and worse than the worst thing?

- How many animals do I have if all but three are dogs, all but three are cats, all but three are pigs and all but three are cows?

- What do you get if you add 2 to 200 four times?

Unit 2 The Crown

12. The basics Who do you think you are? Question word questions Basic Question word Subject question who Who is talking to you? what What caused the fire? what kind of What kind of people live here? which Which book was the best, the thriller or the detective? whose Whose house was destroyed? how many How many people came to the party? why when how how far how long

Object question Who do you recognise? What book did you buy? What kind of books do you read? Which picture did you take, the big one or the small one? Whose book did you read? How many people did you see?

how often

How often do you go shopping?

Why did you forget me? When did you visit France? How do I explain this? How far do you live from here? How long do you want to live there?

! • note the shift in the position of the preposition in questions about the object: I gave the book to John. ➛ Who did you give the book to? To whom did you give the book? (= formal) She sent the letter from India. ➛ Where did she send the letter from? From where did she send the letter? (= formal) • what is used when the choice is open and which when there is a limited choice: What music do you like? (= open choice) Which music do you prefer, rock and roll or blues? (= limited choice)

What or which? 1) (What / Which) colour is your car? 2) (What / Which) book did he write, the romance or the detective? 3) (What / Which) dish did you cook, the pasta or the rice? 4) (What / Which) hobbies do you have? 5) (What / Which) time do you get up? 6) (What / Which) taste do you prefer, chocolate or orange? 7) (What / Which) subject is your favourite? 8) (What / Which) subject do you like most, English or French? 9) (What / Which) city are we in? 10) (What / Which) bus are we on?

Unit 2 The Crown

4 57

Make correct questions. Ask them and get them answered! Who What Which Whose Why When Where What kind of

people gifts story mother dog place book

do did

you your sister the teacher your brother my parents I they we

love, the funny one or the sad one? eat? like? race? laugh? write? buy? give?

Ask a question about the words in brackets in each of the following sentences. 1) We live (in London). ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

2) I talked (to Jeremy). ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

3) (John) showed me his house. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

4) I moved to London (ten years ago). ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

5) He plays (the guitar) best. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Prepare an interview with one of these royalties. Write down your question word questions on a piece of paper and give them to a partner. He or she will look up the information needed to answer the questions. Do the interview live in class. Which pair is the most convincing? • • • •

Meghan Markle Prince William Princess Elisabeth of Belgium Prince Andrew

Unit 2 The Crown

13. Finger exercise School manners 60

Good etiquette can make relationships easier because all people involved know what to expect and how to show respect. Work in groups and make a poster like the one in exercise 51 about school etiquette. Make sure you have at least 10 rules. They can apply to both teachers and students.

Unit 2 The Crown

4 Come on! I un But I am n derstand you are e njoying th ot, is. stand. I ca as you sure as hell will undern report th is They can track dow to the cops, you kn ow. n mobile n umbers. R e c e iv e d : 1 9 :4 5 :0 9

2 8 -0 9

Yeah, and I am sure tra will be ve ry high on cking down your nu mber their don’t we ju st chat for list of priorities. W hy a li out if you deserve to ttle while? Let me fi g nd et your ph Find out if one back. I deser ve to get MY I don’t thin phone bac S e n t: 1 1 :4 k so. k? 5 :3 6 2 R e c e iv e d

: 1 2 :0 3 :2

9 -0 9

4 2 9 -0 9

Dad, is th is you? Do you want Teach me to punish a lesson s me o I will ke my stuff a ep an eye ? t all times o n in the futu dare read re? Don’t my messa you ges my privac y, I hope y ! You are violating ou know th at! R e c e iv e d :1 6 :0 1 :2 6

But all the wh How did y ile you are still cha tting with ou lose it anyway? me. for you, y If it ou just ke ep it with is so important you at all times S e n t: 1 3 :5

7 :1 2 2 9 -0

2 9 -0 9

Don’t pan ic. I ested in te am not your dad. A ach nd I am n ot in I am inter ing you anything w ested in th hatsoever. tere message s you save d, though. S e n t: 2 0 :2

0 :2 4 3 0 -0

Unit 2 The Crown

On the spot Check

Repeat

Focus on â€Ś I can use the vocabulary about royalty.

p. 57 - 58 ex. 1 - 5

I can use the vocabulary about relationships.

p. 71 - 72 ex. 25 - 29

I can use the vocabulary about etiquette.

p. 84 - 85 ex. 45 - 48

The basics I can form and use the present tenses.

p. 65 - 70 ex. 13 - 24

I can form and use adjectives and adverbs.

p. 79 - 82 ex. 37 - 43

I can use question words.

p. 90 - 91 ex. 56 - 59

On speaking terms

I can talk about royals.

p. 59 - 63 ex. 6 - 10

I can discuss relationships.

p. 73 - 78 ex. 30 - 36

I can have a polite conversation.

p. 86 - 88 ex. 49 - 53

Unit 2 The Crown

Teacherâ€™s notes

Recap Focus on … 1

Complete the crossword. 2 1

3 4

5 6

7 8 9

10 11 12 13 14 15

Across 1) When I am tired, I often … 6) The … are the happy few. 8) He is respectful and considerate, he is … 9) Babies need to … after they have eaten. 10) Canada is part of the British … 11) They hardly ever argue; they have a … relationship. 13) If you show people respect; you have good … 14) You can’t … your nose that’s disgusting! 15) I am going to marry; I am …

Down 2) When a king no longer wants to reign, he can … his power. 3) Calling me a bitch is … 4) Kate Middleton was a … before she married. 5) He loves her and she loves him; it is … 7) I don’t know him very well; he is merely an … 12) The husband of a duchess is called a ...

Unit 2 The Crown

Words Unit 2 Royalty a king a queen a prince a princess a duke a duchess an earl a crown prince elite an heir a kingdom aristocracy a monarchy a descendant an empire a commonwealth nobility lineage

The … is married to the queen. The … is married to the king. The … is a son of the king. The … is a daughter of the king. A … is a man of very high rank. A … is a woman of very high rank. An … is a British nobleman. A … will one day be king. The … are the happy few. The … will get the property after someone’s death. Belgium is a … Dukes and earls are members of the … Belgium is a ... William is a … of Queen Elizabeth. The Roman … collapsed in 476 AD. Canada is part of the British … Dukes and earls are members of the … What is your …? - My father is an earl.

a highness a queen regnant

The queen is also called Her Royal … Queen Elizabeth is the …

a commoner

Kate Middleton was a … before she married Prince William.

a monarch

A king or queen is a …

line of succession

According to the … Prince Charles comes before Prince George. A queen can do things other people can’t. She has … When a king no longer wants to reign, he can … the throne. A queen can’t vote. She … Everything a king does is scrutinized; he has to …

a privilege to abdicate (from) to be neutral to act carefully to host to throw parties to present someone with a title of honour to announce to represent to strengthen

Unit 2 The Crown

The queen often … heads of state. The queen … for foreign visitors. If you have done something exceptional, the queen can …

The queen … a new royal marriage. The queen … the country. The queen can … the relationships between countries.

een koning een koningin een prins een prinses een hertog een hertogin een graaf een kroonprins elite een erfgenaam een koninkrijk aristocratie een monarchie een afstammeling een (keizer)rijk een gemenebest adel afstamming, afkomst een hoogheid een regerende koningin een burger, gewone man een monarch, heerser lijn van opvolging een privilege afstand doen van neutraal zijn voorzichtig handelen ontvangen feestjes geven iemand een eretitel geven aankondigen vertegenwoordigen versterken

S 4 Shuffle

Unit 3

Grey’s Anatomy Focus on … Drama Comfort food The power of the parent The basics Revision of the future tenses Present continuous with future meaning Comparison Prepositions On speaking terms Talking about feelings Discussing eating habits Talking about preferences Arguing with your parents

Mouth gymnastics Alliterations Did you know? What comfort food says about you Shuffle "1984" vs. "The Hunger Games" Finger exercise Feelings infographic On the spot

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103

What do you think? Do you like drama or do you prefer to avoid it? Do you buy comfort food when you aren’t feeling well? Which food is the best comfort food? Is it really possible to tell someone else exactly how you feel? Is there a lot of drama in your relationship with your parents? Is there a drama queen in your family?

1. Focus on … Drama 1

What does this excerpt from "Grey's Anatomy" tell you about the drama you can expect in this series? Is this a reason for you to watch? Is this ‘everyday’ drama? Do the actors show emotions you recognise?

Write the correct emotion under each picture. relaxed – giggly – mad – disgusted – amazed – shocked – astonished – outraged – touched

________________________________________________________________________

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105

Which words have a similar meaning? Make groups of 5, 4, 3 and 2. delighted – irritated – touched – frightened – annoyed – cross – absent-minded – down – depressed – sad – scared – upset – angry – furious – happy – moved – dreamy – afraid – blue – outraged 1)

________________________________________

– ________________________________________ – ________________________________________ – ________________________________________ – ________________________________________

2) ________________________________________ – ________________________________________ – ________________________________________ – ________________________________________ 3) ________________________________________ – ________________________________________ – ________________________________________ 4) ________________________________________ – ________________________________________ 5) ________________________________________ – ________________________________________ 6)

________________________________________

– ________________________________________

7) ________________________________________ – ________________________________________

What can you do with your emotions? Complete, use the list. to show your emotions – to hide your emotions – to share your emotions – to ignore your emotions – to let your emotions take the upper hand – to embrace your emotions 1) I can see you are angry, even though you try to … ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

2) Tell me about your feelings. Please, … with me. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

3) If you feel very sad and down, just … It will pass. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

4) Don’t … when you are angry. It makes you do very stupid things. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

5) You are happy! Why don’t you …? ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

6) All people have feelings; it is best to … and do something with them. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

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2. On speaking terms What do you feel?

Talking about feelings You look angry / amused / happy …

Yes, I am. You’re wrong. I don’t feel happy at all!

What does it feel like to be the winner?

It makes me feel delighted. I am shocked, really.

Is everything alright? You look a bit blue.

Yes, everything is alright. Thanks for asking. Just leave me alone!

You don’t understand what it feels like to be this sad.

Try me. I really want to help.

I hate cops; they always make me feel like I’ve done something wrong. On Fridays I always feel happy, because I have the weekend to look forward to. I feel irritated because it is raining. I feel disgusted because he left me.

How do these images make you feel?

Choose a day of the week, a time of day and a place from the list. Write down five words that represent your feelings at that particular moment and place. Share them with your class. Can they guess what moment and place you have chosen? the beach – the woods – home – school – the city centre – the gym e.g. Wednesday – the afternoon – the beach: relaxed, hot, thirsty, happy, absent-minded _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Unit 3 Grey’s Anatomy

107

These are all definitions of the word ‘drama’. Which one do you think is the best? Why? • An exciting, emotional or unexpected circumstance. • The excitement and energy that is created by a lot of action and arguments. • A way of relating to the world in which a person consistently overreacts to or greatly exaggerates the importance of events. Typically, 'drama' is used by people who are chronically bored or those who seek attention. People who engage in 'drama' will usually attempt to drag other people into their dramatic state, as a way of gaining attention or making their own lives more exciting. • Turning an easy situation into a difficult one. • Something women are very good at.

Watch the excerpt from "Grey’s Anatomy" and answer the questions. What feelings does the song describe? _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

'Where does the good go?' Explain. _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

What does the excerpt tell you about the relationship you see? _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

How do you know when to let someone go? _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

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4 9

Read the excerpt from the scenario of one of the episodes of "Grey’s Anatomy". What do you learn about Meredith’s feelings?

Cristina: 'You have a feeling?' Meredith: 'Yes.' Cristina: 'Okay, what kind of feeling?' Meredith: 'Like I might die.' Cristina: 'Today? Tomorrow? In 50 years? We're all going to die eventually. Now we're late! Let's go!' Meredith: 'Cristina. C'mon!' Cristina: 'This is me being supportive.' Meredith: 'Really?' Cristina: 'Yeah, fine, I'm totally supportive. Go.' Meredith: 'Okay. The man I love has a wife and then he chooses her over me. And that wife takes my dog - okay, she didn't take the dog, I gave it to her, but I didn't mean to give it to her, I meant to give it to him - but that does not change the fact that she's got my McDreamy. And my McDog. She's got my McLife! And what have I got? You know, I can't remember the last time we kissed. 'Cause you never think the last time is the last time, you think there'll be more. You think you have forever, but you don't. Plus my conditioner decided to stop working and I think I have brittle bones. I just - I just need something to happen. I need a sign that things are gonna change. I need a reason to go on. I need some hope. And in the absence of hope, I need to stay in bed and feel like I might die today.' Cristina: (throws back blanket) 'Whatever - everybody has problems. Now get your ass out of bed and get to work. NOW! Move! Move! Move!' (opens the door to find Izzie and George) 'We're good to go.' Source: https://greysanatomy.fandom.com/wiki/It%27s_the_End_of_the_World

What feelings are they talking about? _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

What does Meredith want to feel? _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

'This is me being supportive.' Is she? _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Do you recognise Meredith’s feeling?

Unit 3 Grey’s Anatomy

109

Read the joke. Mark the verb forms that refer to the future. What’s the difference between them? One day a man and his wife were walking down the street when they came across a penguin. 'Oh!' exclaimed the man. 'What a surprise! What shall we do with it?' 'I know', said his wife. 'We’ll ask a policeman.' So they found a policeman and explained what had happened. 'Mmm', said the policeman,'I think the best thing is to take it to the zoo.' 'What a good idea!' said the woman. 'We’ll go there straight away.' The next morning the policeman was walking down the same street when he saw the couple again with the penguin. 'I thought I told you to take that penguin to the zoo', said the policeman. 'Well, we did', said the man. 'We took it to the zoo and we all had a really good time. So this afternoon, we’re taking it to the cinema and this evening we’re going to have a meal in a fish restaurant.'

Make correct combinations. What do you remember about the future tenses? Marc will be in Spain during the holidays.

promise

When you’re my age, you’ll understand.

present evidence

I’ll just have some coffee, thanks. I’ll tell you everything tomorrow.

arrangement

Will you get me a piece of cake?

request

Okay, we’ll do it your way then.

predictions about the future

I’m going to meet him tonight.

certain future events

Look at these clouds, it’s going to rain!

110

announcing decisions about the future as they are made

Unit 3 Grey’s Anatomy

(accepting) offers

3. The basics I will be back!

Revision of the future tenses Remember • Will expresses an intention or a decision made at the moment of speaking. I’ll give you my phone number. Call me tomorrow.

sics Check Back to Ba ur yo to refresh t knowledge abou . future tenses

• Going to expresses an intention or decision thought about before the moment of speaking. It expresses a plan or shows you see evidence that something is certain to happen. We’re going on holiday in Scotland.

Complete, use the future simple. Why do you use the future simple here? a) certain future events b) prediction c) announcing decisions about the future as they are made (spontaneous) d) offers and promises, requests 1) No problem; (I – to help) you.

________________

2) (you – to open) the car, please?

________________

3) I think (Sophie – to buy) the car; she’s really in love with it.

_______________

4) I don’t think (you – to like) my cake. I left it in the oven for too long.

_______________

5) (McGregor – to fight) Mayweather again on the 6th of May.

_______________

6) My dad is sure (I – to do) a good job.

_______________

7) (it – probably – to be) a success.

_______________

8) (my mother – not to be) very happy about that.

_______________

9) (they – not to know) I’ve been here.

_______________

10) (I – to open) the door for you, but (I – not to carry) you inside.

_______________

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111

You want to marry the daughter of the king. What do you offer and / or promise to be the chosen one? Write it in a letter. _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Complete, use the going to future. Underline the words that determine why you have to use going to. 1) We have said it for weeks; tomorrow (we – to clean) the house. _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

2) We have finally decided yesterday; (we – to spend) our holidays in France. _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

3) Don’t bother calling tonight; yesterday I heard that (they – to watch) a movie. _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

4) According to my agenda, (I – to spend) next week in Barcelona. _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

5) Listen to the weather forecast: (it – to be) a rainy day. _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

6) Look at all those people. (she – not to get in) for hours. _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

7) We are stuck in traffic; (we – to miss) your flight. _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

8) Watch out for those stairs! (you – to spill) water! _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

9) He hasn’t answered his phone for days; (I – to call) him about that surprise party again. _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

10) Mum, I couldn’t reach you yesterday. I just wanted to let you know (I – to have) a drink with friends. _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

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4 15

Whose diary is this? What is he / she going to do? What is going to happen at those events? schedule 1:

schedule 2:

____________________________________________________________________________________________

Monday

Visit from French Prime Minister at the White House.

Tuesday

Post updates on Twitter.

Wednesday

Flight to Russia.

Thursday

Dinner with Melania.

Friday

Interview on ABC.

____________________________________________________________________________________________

Monday

Visit Harry Potter Park in America.

Tuesday

Book tour in New York.

Wednesday

Meeting about new "Fantastic Beasts" movie.

Thursday

Shopping in New York!

Friday

Home to the family!

Will or going to? [1 I – to post] a letter. [2 I – to buy] some eggs. And bread, I forgot about bread. [3 I – to buy] some bread as well. Oh, apparently my mother lives near the shop; [4 I – to visit] her as well. I’m late for school. - Don’t worry, [5 I – to give] you a lift. Why are you taking that umbrella? - Because it is raining and [6 I – to take] the dog for a walk. Are you still seeing that guy Alex? - Oh yes, [7 we – to get married] next year. Do you want to come over for dinner? - [8 I – to visit] my parents tonight. Did you tell George about the present? - No, I forgot. [9 I – to call] him now. What’s his number? I must hurry because [10 I – to pick up] my son. I’ve just booked a holiday. - Really? What country [11 you – to visit]? The new James Bond has its premiere tonight. Are you interested? - Yes I am. - Great, [12 I – to see] you outside the cinema at half past seven. [1]

_______________________________________________________________________________________

[7]

_______________________________________________________________________________________

[2]

_______________________________________________________________________________________

[8]

_______________________________________________________________________________________

[3]

_______________________________________________________________________________________

[9]

_______________________________________________________________________________________

[4]

_______________________________________________________________________________________

[10]

_______________________________________________________________________________________

[5]

_______________________________________________________________________________________

[11]

_______________________________________________________________________________________

[6]

_______________________________________________________________________________________

[12]

_______________________________________________________________________________________

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4. Mouth gymnastics Alliterations Alliteration is the repetition of the first sound or sounds in two or more stressed words that follow each other. It adds interest and is therefore often used in titles and poetry.

Listen to the following poem, then read it out loud yourself.

"Betty’s Room" – Denise Rodgers There is no clutter cluttered up more closely, I presume, than the clutter clustered clingingly in my friend, Betty’s room.

Old ballet shoes she cannot lose, and photos of her friends, a burnt-out fuse, some fruity chews, a box of odds and ends.

Her mother mutters mawkishly and fills her with such dread. She mutters on about the muss that messes Betty’s bed.

Old magazines and school reports (the ones that got the A’s), her worn out jeans, some socks to sort, the programs from three plays.

At bedtime, Betty bounces all her objects to the floor. Each morning, when she wakes up, they go on her bed once more.

Each object is an artifact, a personal antique. She cannot bear to throw them out; they make her life unique.

There’s papers, pencils, potpourri. It piques her mother’s stress. She pouts. She plies and yet her cries do not clean Betty’s mess.

There’s feathers, fans, and fairy dolls and mother-daughter strife. Her mother lives for neatness, but, well, mess is Betty’s life.

There’s partly broken plastic toys, each with a missing part, some worn and withered whistles, which are close to Betty’s heart.

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4 Because it adds interest, alliteration is also found in many works of literature. Here you can find some examples from Shakespeare’s "Romeo and Juliet". Listen and repeat. Underline the alliterations.

• • • • • • • • •

'From forth the fatal loins of these two foes; A pair of star-cross’d lovers take their life.' 'Now old desire doth in his death-bed lie …' 'The day to cheer and night’s dank dew to dry …' 'If e’er thou wast thyself, and these woes thine, Thou and these woes were all for Rosaline.' 'The very pin of his heart cleft with the blind bow-boy’s butt-shaft: and is he a man to encounter Tybalt?' 'Gallop apace, you fiery-footed steeds Towards Phoebus’ lodging!' 'As Phaethon would whip you to the west …' 'I have a faint cold fear thrills through my veins, That almost freezes up the heat of life.' 'When griping grief the heart doth wound, And doleful dumps the mind oppress …'

Discuss the use of the present continuous in the cartoon.

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115

5. The basics I’d love to come, but I am playing tennis then Present continuous with future meaning The present continuous can express a future arrangement between people. It is common with verbs such as to go, to come, to see, to visit, to meet and to leave. Suzy and James are coming for dinner. ! Sometimes there is little or no difference between a future intention and a future arrangement. We’re going to see a movie tonight. We are seeing a movie tonight.

116

Complete. Use the present continuous. 1) Are you sure it’s okay for you to stay? The last train leaves in five minutes. - Sure, (my dad – to pick me up).

__________________________________________________________________________

2) (I – to leave) for London.

__________________________________________________________________________

3) (I – to drive) home soon.

__________________________________________________________________________

4) (we – to see) her tomorrow.

__________________________________________________________________________

5) (we – to have) the meeting before lunch?

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6) (they – not to have) any more parties.

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7) (he – to bring) his mother home tonight.

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8) I am sorry, I can’t help you. (I – to have) a manicure.

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9) Are you crazy? (I – not to have) these people in my house!

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10) I don’t want you to visit that girl. (you – to stay) here!

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Unit 3 Grey’s Anatomy

4 20

Enter ten imaginary appointments in the diary below (e.g. shopping at 14.00, football at 9.30 …). Now work with a partner and find a time when you are both free to meet up. When you agree on an appointment, write it in your diary. Try to fix at least three meetings. E.g. Can we meet on Wednesday afternoon? Sorry, I’m going to the hairdresser then.

Unit 3 Grey’s Anatomy

117

Use the correct tense to express the future. 1) You can’t lift that on your own, that box is too heavy. (I – to help). _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

2) Mum, we are running out of chocolate cookies. Oh. (I – to buy) some when I go shopping. _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

3) What (you – to do) in the weekend? - (I – to walk) in the mountains with a friend. _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

4) Thanks for the invitation! (I – to go) to the movies with my friend, but after that (we – to come) to your party. _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

5) Do you see that boy? He looks as if (he – to cry). _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

6) Tonight (I – to meet) my secret admirer. _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

7) What are your plans for the summer? - I don’t know, I think (I – to visit) my friends in Australia. _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

8) I don’t think (she – to understand) it. She isn’t that smart. _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

9) My horoscope says (I – to meet) the love of my life this week. _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

10) I promise (I – to send) you a letter. _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

11) What time can we pick you up? - I think (I – to take) the 7.10 train so (I – to be) there at about 8. _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

12) I hope (we – to find) everything we need. _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

13) I’ve asked Emily to help. I expect that (she – to be able) to clear this mess. _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

14) They have been preparing for weeks, tomorrow (they – to present) their plan. _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

15) Look at the hole in that boat, (it – to sink)! _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

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Unit 3 Grey’s Anatomy