Know More About Macromolecules & Food - Group 3

M w o o n r e K About

L O E M C O U R L C & A

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A E L T H H T Y A E D O S !

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Healthy living should be a part of your daily routine. Chronic diseases and long-term illnesses can be avoided by leading a healthy lifestyle.

Self-esteem and self-image are aided by feeling good about yourself and taking care of your health. Maintain a healthy lifestyle by following your body's instructions.

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Are you familiar with these foods?

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Fruits

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The foods you see contain macromolecules

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-The body gets its energy and nutrients from the macromolecules found in our food.

There are four main types of Macromolecules: Carbohydrates, Lipids, Proteins, and Nucleic Acids.

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It contains: Carbon (1), Hydrogen (2), and Oxygen (1).

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Monosaccharides, disaccharides, and polysaccharides are the three subtypes of carbohydrates. All carbohydrates are composed of simple sugars called monosaccharides.

SCRAMB

MONOSACCHARIDE - building blocks of carbohydrates DISACCHARIDE - 2 monosaccharides formed by a glycolysis link.

POLYSACCHARIDE - longer chains of monosaccharides joined by glycosidic bonds.

Function in the body: Carbohydrates are used as an instant source of energy by living organisms. Moreover, they serve as structural and protective components, such as those found in plants and microorganisms' cell walls.

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Made up of the elements: Carbon, Hydrogen, and Oxygen.

Lipids are also known to be fats.

They are made up of fatty acids and glycerol.

It is also mostly made up of hydrophobic molecules (“water-fearing”)

It has: TRIGLYCERIDES - glycerol + 3 fatty acids; found in animals and plants.

PHOSPHOLIPIDS - glycerol + 2 fatty acids; found in the cell membrane

LITS O N

Function in the body

Lipids have a very significant function in our body and help our cells fully function. It serves as long-term storage for energy, protection, insulation, and lubrication. They also stabilize hormones, and also help makeup cell membranes.

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Proteins are made up of amino acids, which are tiny chemical compounds with an alpha (central) carbon atom attached to an amino group, a carboxyl group, a hydrogen atom, and a variable component known as a side chain.

BBQ Function in the body

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Protein serves a variety of functions in the human body. It helps in the repair and development of your body's tissues, as well as allowing metabolic responses and coordinating biological operations. Proteins not only provide a structural basis for your body, but they also keep the pH and fluid balance in check.

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The structure makeup of nucleic acids is actually made of polymers of strings of repeating units.

They are also called Polynucleotides.

These are lengthy, chain-like molecules made up of almost similar nucleotide building blocks.

Each nucleotide is made up of a nitrogencontaining aromatic base linked to a pentose (five-carbon) sugar which is associated with the phosphate group.

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Function in the body The most essential macromolecules for the continuation of life are nucleic acids. Nucleic acid activities in the body include the storage and expression of genetic information (DNA) and protein synthesis (RNA). To elaborate, the nucleic acid includes the genetic blueprint of a cell as well as the instructions of the cell's production process.

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Nucleic Acid foods are difficult to find but mainly consists of fruits & vegetables:

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Building Healthy Habits:

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Consume a variety of veggies, focusing on dark green, red, and orange ones (3 or more servings a day).

Consume a variety of fruits (2 or more servings a day).

Consume whole-grain and high fiber breads and cereals (3 to 6 servings a day). Reduce or eliminate refined or processed carbs from your diet; the majority of your grains should be whole grains.

Consume fat-free or low-fat milk and dairy products.

Instead of solid fats, use vegetable oils (such as olive or canola oil).

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REMINDERS: A well-balanced diet can aid students in increasing their energy levels, promoting a healthy immune system and improving concentration and academic performance. Malnutrition is linked to behavioral issues, and sugar has a bad impact on children's behavior, according to research. Students who eat well are the ones who arrive at school that are prepared to study.

Food contains macronutrients, which give energy and nutrients. However, while they give nourishment to our bodies, it is important to remember that too much or too little of them can be harmful.

N E C R E E F S E : R

Aryal, S. (2021, July 26). Lipids- definition, properties, structure, types, examples, functions. Microbe Notes.

Retrieved November 15, 2021, from https://microbenotes.com/lipids-properties-structure-classification-andfunctions/.

Disaccharide - definition and examples - biology online dictionary. Biology Articles, Tutorials & Dictionary Online. (2021, October 28). Retrieved November 15, 2021, from https://www.biologyonline.com/dictionary/disaccharide.

Encyclopædia Britannica, inc. (n.d.). Nucleic acid. Encyclopædia Britannica. Retrieved November 15, 2021, from https://www.britannica.com/science/nucleic-acid.

Green, S., & Shallal, K. (2020, August 23). Lipids. Nutrition Essentials. Retrieved November 15, 2021, from https://open.maricopa.edu/nutritionessentials/chapter/lipids/#:~:text=Food%20Sources%20of%20Lipids&text =Commonly%20consumed%20oils%20are%20canola,dairy%20products%2C%20and%20cocoa%20butter.

Khan Academy. (n.d.). Lipids (article) | Macromolecules. Khan Academy. Retrieved November 15, 2021, from https://www.khanacademy.org/science/biology/macromolecules/lipids/a/lipids.

Leaf Group. (n.d.). What types of foods supply carbohydrates, proteins and lipids? LIVESTRONG.COM. Retrieved November 15, 2021, from https://www.livestrong.com/article/517141-what-types-of-foods-supplycarbohydrates-proteins-lipids/.

Learning, L. (n.d.). Biology for majors I. Nucleic Acids | Biology for Majors I. Retrieved November 15, 2021, from https://courses.lumenlearning.com/suny-wmopen-biology1/chapter/nucleic-acids/.

Nature Publishing Group. (n.d.). Protein Structure. Nature news. Retrieved November 15, 2021, from https://www.nature.com/scitable/topicpage/protein-structure-14122136/.

Nucleic acid. Genome.gov. (n.d.). Retrieved November 15, 2021, from https://www.genome.gov/geneticsglossary/Nucleic-Acid.

Pietrangelo, A. (2019, December 12). Saturated vs. unsaturated fat: Know the facts. Healthline. Retrieved November 15, 2021, from https://www.healthline.com/health/food-nutrition/saturated-vs-unsaturatedfat#unsaturated-fat.

Walle, G. V. D. (2018, June 20). 9 important functions of protein in your body. Healthline. Retrieved November 15, 2021, from https://www.healthline.com/nutrition/functions-of-protein.

West, M. (2019, July 23). What types of foods supply carbohydrates, proteins and lipids? LIVESTRONG.COM. from https://www.livestrong.com/article/517141-what-types-of-foods-supply-carbohydrates-proteinslipids/.

Healthy Eating. (n.d.). Healpguide.org, from https://www.helpguide.org/articles/healthy-eating/healthyeating.htm Nutrition. (n.d.). nyu.edu, from https://www.nyu.edu/life/safety-health-wellness/live-well-nyu/priorityareas/nutrition.html The Foundation for Peripheral Neuropathy. (n.d.). foundationforpn.org, from https://www.foundationforpn.org/living-well/lifestyle/ Options for Youth. (n.d.). ofy.org, from https://ofy.org/blog/the-importance-of-eating-healthy-for-students/

Group 3 12- STEM 2

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