Year 9 & 10 Summer Work Book - Geography

D E LTA Academies Trust

AR LY Y E ARS FOU NDATION S TA G E BO O KL ET

GEOGRAPHY YEAR 9-10 SUM MER BO O KL ET This project is designed to give you a taste of the Graphical and Statistical Skills used throughout the GCSE course. These skills will be applied on all 3 exam papers.

Aim to complete an activity per week, there are some fun quiz questions to test what you have understood too!

Share your completed projects with us at @DeltaGeog We want to see, celebrate and reward you for your effort!

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Geography

ACTIVITY 1A LINE GRAPHS Study Figure 1 and then answer the following questions below: 1. What is a line graph?

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

What percentage of land in England was covered by woodland in 1100?

In what year was the lowest percentage of land area covered by woodland?

What happened between 1400 and 1900?

What percentage of land in England was covered by woodland in 2000?

What is the difference from 1100?

What is the general pattern of woodland land area cover in England?

7. State two advantages of using a line graph for data presentation. [2] 8.

Outline two disadvantages of using a line graph to present data. [2]

Figure 1: A line graph showing woodland as a percentage of land area in England.

WEBSITE

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YEAR 9-10 SUMMER BO O KL ET

Delta Academies Trust

Geography

ACTIVITY 1B LINE GRAPHS Using the data below, plot a line graph showing the annual monthly rainfall for Birmingham in 2014.

Rainfall (mm)

Y

Title: A Line Graph to Show

Months

X

Birmingham

Jan

Feb

Mar

Apr

May

Jun

Jul

Aug

Sep

Oct

Nov

Dec

Rainfall (mm)

75

55

50

55

65

50

70

70

60

70

85

65

What other types of data could you display using a line graph in Geography?

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Geography

ACTIVITY 2A BAR CHARTS Using the data below, create a bar graph showing the population for each town or city in the province of Catalonia, Spain.

Population (thousands)

Y

Title: A Bar Chart to Show

City/Town City/Town

Tarragona

Reus

Badalona

Terrassa

Sabadell

L’Hospitalet

Population Approx (thousands)

130

100

220

220

210

250

WEBSITE

4

X

YEAR 9-10 SUMMER BO O KL ET

Delta Academies Trust

Geography

ACTIVITY 2B DIVIDED BAR CHARTS Study Figure 2 and then answer the following questions below: 1. What is a divided bar chart?

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

How many vehicles were cars between 0800 and 0810?

At what time was there the highest number of bikes?

How many vehicles were lorries between 1300 and 1310?

At what time was the greatest number of bikes?

Why would there be a greater number of cars between 0800-0810 and 1700-1710?

7. State two advantages of using a divided bar chart for data

presentation. [2] 8.

Outline two disadvantages of using a divided bar chart to present data. [2]

Figure 2: A divided bar chart showing traffic survey results.

WEBSITE

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Geography

ACTIVITY 2C DIVIDED BAR CHARTS Using the data below, create a bar chart showing the amount of traffic at Lake Windermere.

Title: A Divided Bar Chart to Show

Y

Cars

Number of Vehicles

Vans Coaches Buses Bikes

Location

6

X

Lake Windermere

Tesco Roundabout

Top of Lake Road

Cars

190

180

125

Vans

30

55

18

Coaches

4

6

8

Buses

6

1

0

Bikes

8

0

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YEAR 9-10 SUMMER BO O KL ET

Delta Academies Trust

Geography

ANSWERS ACTIVITY 1A - LINE GRAPHS 1. A line graph is often used to show a trend over a number of days or hours. It is plotted as a series of points, which are then joined with straight lines. The ends of the line graph do not have to join to the axes.

2. 14%.

3. 1920.

4. Decreases.

5. 8%.

6. Decreases until 1920 then increases.

7. Easy to read/easy to see trend and compare years.

8. Harder to identify exact data than a bar graph. Can only plot small range of data.

ACTIVITY 2B - DIVIDED BAR CHARTS 1. Divided bar charts are used to show the frequency in several categories, like ordinary bar charts. It is a type of compound bar chart, but unlike ordinary bar charts, each category is subdivided.

2. 4.

3. 1700-1710.

4. 6.

5. 1700-1710.

6. Rush hour.

7. Summarises large data sets/can display several categories in

one graph.

8. Requires explanation/doesn’t explain causes or impacts.

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Geography

ACTIVITY 3A CLIMATE GRAPHS Climate describes average weather conditions over longer periods and over large areas.

Study Figure 3 and then answer the following questions below: 1. What is a climate graph?

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

7.

What month(s) are the hottest?

What month(s) are the coldest?

What month(s) receive the most precipitation?

What month(s) receive the least precipitation?

Are there any patterns or trends?

State two advantages of using a climate graph for data presentation. [2]

8. Outline two disadvantages of using a climate graph to present data. [2]

VIDEO

WEBSITE

Figure 3: A climate graph of a tropical rainforest.

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Geography

ACTIVITY 3B CLIMATE GRAPHS Construct the climate graph for the tundra using the temperature and precipitation values below. Remember to check your axis for the correct units.

Title: A Climate Graph to Show

Rainfall (mm)

X

Months Jan

Feb

Mar

Apr

May

Jun

Jul

Aug

Sep

Oct

Nov

Dec

Temperature (°C)

-32

-44

-58

-65

-66

-65

-67

-68

-66

-57

-43

-32

Rainfall (mm)

0.1

0.0

0.7

0.5

0.4

0.5

0.6

0.7

0.3

0.2

0.1

0.0

How does the tundra climate compare to the tropical rainforest?

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Geography

QUIZ TIME! LINE GRAPHS Study Figure 4 and then answer the following questions below: 1.

Which month had the highest average temperature?

A) June.

B) July.

C) August.

2.

Which month had the lowest average temperature?

A) January.

B) February.

C) March.

3.

April and May have the same average temperature as June and July.

A) True.

B) False.

Figure 4: A line graph showing the average monthly temperatures in Jamaica over a year.

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YEAR 9-10 SUMMER BO O KL ET

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Geography

QUIZ TIME! - CONT. BAR CHARTS Study Figure 5 and then answer the following questions below: 4.

From the bar chart, find the second most popular colour of shoes amongst men.

A) Black. B) Brown. C) Red.

5.

From the bar chart, find the second most popular colour of shoes amongst women.

A) Black. B) Brown. C) Red.

6.

From the bar chart, how many adults wore white shoes?

A) 1.

B) 2.

C) 3.

7.

From the bar chart, find the total number of women who took part in the survey of shoes.

A) 30.

B) 17.

C) 15.

D) 13.

We collected data about the colour of shoes worn by 30 adults in a group.

Figure 5: A bar chart showing the popularity of men and women’s shoe colours.

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Geography

ACTIVITY 4A POPULATION PYRAMIDS Population pyramids are graphs that show population structures, i.e. how many males and females of different age groups are in the population.

Population structures change from place to place and over time.

These population pyramids are different shapes.

Which country has a lot of elderly people, which has a lot of young people?

WEBSITE

VIDEO

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YEAR 9-10 SUMMER BO O KL ET

Delta Academies Trust

Geography

ACTIVITY 4B POPULATION PYRAMIDS Match the population pyramid to the correct country.

1.

2.

3.

This country has an ageing population, there is a pension crisis!

Old folks homes are doing a roaring trade!

This country has a youthful population, there is pressure on maternity services.

The population of this country had a higher birth rate in the past.

The government has tried to bring this under control.

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Geography

ACTIVITY 4B - CONT. POPULATION PYRAMIDS Match the population pyramid to the correct country.

4. This country bears the scars of WW2, fewer elderly men than women.

It’s also fair to say that males in this country consume too much vodka!

5. This country is growing rapidly, there are lots of jobs in the construction industry leading to male migration.

6. This country has a preference for boys (look closely).

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YEAR 9-10 SUMMER BO O KL ET

Delta Academies Trust

Geography

ANSWERS ACTIVITY 3A - CLIMATE GRAPHS 1. Climate graphs are a combination of a bar graph and a line graph.

Temperature is shown on a line graph, with the figures being shown on the right side of the graph. Rainfall is shown by a bar graph, with the figures being shown down the left side of the graph.

2. January-April/August-December.

3. May-July.

4. March.

5. August.

6. Small temperature range/rains all year.

7. Can display 2 types of data on one graph/visual – easy to see trend.

8. Difficult to read exact values. Would need same scale on all graphs to compare different climates.

QUIZ TIME!

ACTIVITY 4B - POPULATION PYR.

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

7.

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

C. B. B. B. C. B. D.

Japan.

Afghanistan.

China.

Russia.

U.A.E. India.

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Geography

ACTIVITY 5A HYDROGRAPHS Study Figure 5 and then answer the following questions below: 1. What is the peak rainfall in mm?

2. What is the peak discharge of the river in cumecs?

3. What does lag mean?

4.

What does rising limb mean?

5.

What does base flow mean?

6.

Identify 4 factors that might influence lag time. (4)

7. What is the difference between permeable and impermeable surfaces,

can you name examples? (4) 8.

How would the permeability of the surface influence lag time? (2)

Figure 5: A hydrograph shows how a river responds to a period of rainfall.

WEBSITE

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YEAR 9-10 SUMMER BO O KL ET

Delta Academies Trust

Geography

ACTIVITY 5B HYDROGRAPHS Use the data to draw your storm hydrograph. When you have completed the graph use the labels to annotate your Storm Hydrograph.

Peak Rainfall

Peak Discharge

The hour of greatest rainfall during a storm.

Normal Flow

Lag Time

The time of maximum discharge by the river.

The period of time between peak rainfall and peak discharge.

Falling Limb

The base flow of the river.

Rising Limb

The period of time when the rivers discharge is falling.

The period of rising river discharge following a period of rainfall.

Time (hours)

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

18

20

Discharge (cumecs)

30

35

45

80

130

100

70

50

40

35

30

Hour

1st

2nd

3rd

4th

5th

6th

Rainfall (mm)

10

30

40

25

15

5

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Geography

ACTIVITY 6A SCATTER GRAPHS Scatter graphs show the relationship between 2 sets of data. The line of best fit helps to show correlations: positive, negative or no correlation.

Correlations can also be strong or weak, indicated by points being close to or far away from the line of best fit.

Study Figure 6 and then answer the following questions below: 1.

What type of relationship is there between literacy and GDP?

2.

Name an example of a H.I.C using evidence from the graph.

3.

Name an example of a L.I.C using evidence from the graph.

Figure 6: A scatter graph to show Literacy (%) and GDP ($).

WEBSITE

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YEAR 9-10 SUMMER BO O KL ET

Delta Academies Trust

Geography

ACTIVITY 6B SCATTER GRAPHS Use the data below to plot a scatter graph for GDP and birth rate. Draw a line of best fit. Is there a positive or negative correlation? Is it strong or weak?

Explain your results.

Birth Rate

Y

Title: A Scatter Graph to Show

GDP ($)

X

Country

Bangladesh

Brazil

China

France

India

Japan

Kenya

UK

USA

GDP per capita ($) PPP

3600

15800

14300

41400

6300

38200

3300

41200

56300

Birth rate (per 1000 PPP)

21

15

12

12

20

8

26

12

13

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Geography

QUIZ TIME! HYDROGRAPHS AND SCATTER GRAPHS 1. Have a go at the hydrograph quiz questions, don’t forget to check your score!

2. Have a go at the scatter graph quiz questions, don’t forget to check your score!

ANSWERS ACTIVITY 5A - HYDROGRAPHS 1.

3.

4.

5.

6.

7.

50mm. 2. 34 cumecs.

Lag time - the time taken between peak rainfall and peak discharge.

Rising limb - shows the increase in discharge on a hydrograph.

Base flow - the normal discharge of the river.

Size of drainage basin/vegetation/valley side steepness/soil type.

Permeable rocks allow water to pass through pores and cracks whereas impermeable do not. Permeable soil/impermeable tarmac.

8. Impermeable surfaces lead to a shorter lag time.

ACTIVITY 6A - SCATTER GRAPHS 1. Positive. 2. U.K./Italy/U.S.A. /Singapore.

3. Mali/Sierra Leone.

Scatter graph for GDP and Birth Rate should show a negative correlation.

As countries develop and get richer: access to contraception improves, agriculture and industry mechanise meaning there is less demand for labour, women are emancipated, women pursue careers and desire smaller families.

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YEAR 9-10 SUMMER BO O KL ET

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Geography

COMPETITION TIME! COVID-19 LATEST NEWS AND UPDATES… Public Health England reviewed thousands of existing health records and other virus data to look at disparities by: age and sex, geography, deprivation ethnicity, and pre-existing health problems or co-morbidities.

Research the impact of Covid-19 using ‘Information is Beautiful’ infographics.

CORONAVIRUS UK MAP: THE LATEST DEATHS AND CONFIRMED COVID-19 CASES

Take a look at the infographics in this article, in particular hover over the maps to see which regions of the U.K. have suffered the most from Covid-19.

COMPETITION 1 What does disparity mean? How do you think the above groups of people will be effected by Covid-19 and why? Write a short report.

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Geography

COMPETITION TIME! CONT. CORONAVIRUS: RISK OF DEATH IS HIGHER FOR ETHNIC MINORITIES (BAME – BLACK AND MINORITY ETHNIC) People from ethnic minorities are at a higher risk of dying from coronavirus, a report by Public Health England says.

The Public Health England report also found: If you strip out age and sex, people of Bangladeshi ethnicity have twice the risk of death than people of white British ethnicity. People aged 80 or older are 70 times more likely to die than those under 40. Working-age men diagnosed with Covid-19 are twice as likely to die as women. The risk of dying with the virus is higher among those living in more deprived parts of the UK. Certain occupations - security guards, taxi or bus drivers and construction workers and social care staff - are at higher risk. Virus death rates were highest among people of Black and Asian ethnic groups when compared to white British ethnicity. People of Chinese, Indian, Pakistani, other Asian, Caribbean and other Black ethnicity had between a 10% and 50% higher risk of death when compared to white British people.

COVID-19 IMPACT MONITOR REVEALS UK POPULATION MOVES DROPS BY 98% The Oxford Covid-19 Impact Monitor has already revealed how life in the UK has changed since the Coronavirus outbreak: Population movement has dropped by 98% since the beginning of March 55% of Britons stayed at home on Easter Monday. Despite a surge in Covid-19 hospital admissions, overall hospital footfall has fallen by 80%. The least busiest time to visit a supermarket is Tuesday at 9am. 19 million Britons are the most at risk of Covid-19 because of age and underlying health conditions. The flow of people between regions in the UK has tumbled by 76%. 19 million Britons are the most at risk of Covid-19 because of age and underlying health conditions.

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Geography

COMPETITION TIME! CONT. COMPETITION 2

Read the 2 news reports….

How might the U.K. population pyramid change as a result of Covid-19?

Sketch population pyramids and annotate to show the impact upon age, gender, BAME and deprivation.

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