LÝ THUYẾT VÀ BÀI TẬP TIẾNG ANH LỚP 9 CẢ NĂM (có đáp án) By Nguyen Van Manh

LÝ THUYẾT VÀ BÀI TẬP TIẾNG ANH LỚP 9

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“The harder you work -> The more successful you get”

“The harder you work -> The more successful you get”

MỤC LỤC

PHẦN THỨ I (Không có đáp án)

PHẦN THỨ I: Phần không có đáp án PHẦN THỨ II: Phần có đáp án (để tham khảo)

PRONUNCIATION 1. Pronunciation

STT

NỘI DUNG

TRANG

1

Pronunciation

2

2

Chủ đề 1:

A visit from a pen pal

3

3

Chủ đề 2:

Clothing

8

4

Chủ đề 3:

A trip to the countryside

15

5

Chủ đề 4:

Learning a foreign language

20

6

Chủ đề 5:

The media

26

7

Chủ đề 6:

The environment

32

8

Chủ đề 7:

Saving energy

37

9

Chủ đề 8:

Celebrations

40

10

Chủ đề 9:

Natural isasters

45

11

Chủ đề 10: Life on other planets

48

12

Phụ lục 1: cách thêm hậu tố”-ed/-s/-es/-ing/-ly”

51

13

Phụ lục 2: động từ bất quy tắc

52

1.1. Cách đọc đuôi “-ed”. Gồm 3 cách đọc: + đọc là /id/ Khi đứng sau /t, d/.

Eg: ……………………...…………. + đọc là /t/ khi đứng sau /ss, ch, x, sh, k, p, ph,f/.

Eg: ………………………………… + đọc là /d/ khi đứng sau : trường hợp còn lại. Eg: ………………………….……...

Chú ý: -ce = /s/ Eg: practiced; -gh = /f/ ở các từ (enough, rough, cough, laugh) - se = /z/ thuộc trường hợp còn lại 1.2. cách đọc đuôi “s” Gồm 3 cách đọc: + đọc là /iz/ Khi “es”đứng sau /ss, ch, x, sh, ge/.

Eg: …………………………. + đọc là /s/ khi đứng sau /t, th, k, p, ph, f/.

Eg: ……………………….… + đọc là /z/ khi đứng sau: các trường hợp còn lại.

Eg: ………………..

Chú ý: -ce = /s/ Eg: practices; -ic = /ik/ Eg: economics -gh = /f/ ở các từ (enough, rough, cough, laugh) -e -> không đọc mà căn cứ vào phụ âm trước nó. Eg: hopes 1.3. Một số âm câm /h/ xuất hiện ở các từ phổ biến sau. (hour; honest, honesty, honor, exhausted, vehicle) 1.4. một số một số từ có chữ “ch” được phát âm là /k/: (school, Christmas, character, chemistry, scholar, -ache, scheme, mechanic, chorus)

PRACTICE TEST 1. A. comprised 2. A. divided 3. A. failed 4. A. invited 5. A. removed 6. A. looked 7. A. wanted 8. A. laughed 9. A. believed 10. A. lifted 11. A. schools 12. A. knives 13. A. buses 14. A. garages 15. A. ships 16. A. beliefs 17. A. books 18. A. houses 19. A. roofs 20. A. hats

By Nguyen Van Manh

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By Nguyen Van Manh

B. corresponded B. impressed B. reached B. attended B. washed B. laughed B. parked B. passed B. prepared B. lasted B. yards B. trees B. horses B. boats B. roads B. cups B. days B. knives B. banks B. tables -2-

C. depended C. noticed C. absorbed C. celebrated C. hoped C. moved C. stopped C. suggested C. involved C. happened C. labs C. classes C. causes C. bikes C. streets C. plates C. songs C. clauses C. hills C. tests

D. separated D. placed D. solved D. displayed D. missed D. stepped D. watched D. placed D. liked D. decided D. seats D. agrees D. ties D. roofs D. speaks D. apples D. erasers D. changes D. bats D. desks

“The harder you work -> The more successful you get”

21. A. heavy 22. A. honor 23. A. honest 24. A. chopstick 25. A. watch 26. A. chemistry 27. A. exchange

B. honor B. hour B. horse B. choose B. mechanic B. kitchen B. chance

C. house C. honest C. hour C. scheme C. children C. watch C. reach

“The harder you work -> The more successful you get”

D. heat D. hope D. vehicle D. champion D. channel D. champion D. toothache

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TOPIC 1: A VISIT FROM A PEN PAL A/ Grammar: 1. The past simple tense (Thì quá khứ đơn): Ghi chú: S = Subject: chủ ngữ * Form: Hình thức To be Động từ thường Khẳng định Affirmative Phủ định Negative Nghi vấn Interogative

S + am/ is/ are S + am/ is/ are + not + ...

Am/ Is/ Are + S + .....?

I/ We/ You/ They/ Số nhiều + Vo + .....

It/ He/ She/ Số ít + V-s/-es + .....

I/ We/ You/ They/ Số nhiều + do not + Vo + .....

It/ He/ She/ Số ít + does not + Vo + .....

Do + I/ We/ You/ They/ Số nhiều + Vo + .....?

Does + It/ He/ She/ Số ít + Vo + .....?

* Cách dùng: - diễn tả hành động đã xảy ra và kết thúc trong quá khứ.

Ex: Maryam đã đến thăm Hà Nội tuần trước. ..............................................................................................................

- Một thói quen trong quá khứ.

Ex: Chúng mình thường trao đổi qua thư mỗi tháng một lần năm ngoái. ..................................................................................................................................

- Một chuỗi hành động trong quá khứ Ex: Lan đã ra tận sân bay để đón Maryam sau đó họ bắt taxi để trở về nhà Lan. - ........................................................................................................................................... * Dấu hiệu nhận biết: Trong câu thường có các từ: yesterday; last night/ week/ …; in + t-gian q-khứ; khoảng tgian + ago.

2. Câu diễn tả điều ước với “wish” a/ điều ước loại 1: S1 + wish(-es) + S + would/ could + V0 + ........

- diễn tả điều hy vọng, mong muốn đạt được trong tương lai Eg: Mình ước gì một ngày nào đó mình có thể nói Tiếng Anh một cách thành thạo.

- ........................................................................................................................................... b/ điều ước loại 2: S1 + wish(-es) + S + V (quá khứ đơn) + .........

- diễn tả điều ước trái ngược với sự thật ở hiện tại.

Eg: Mình ước gì mình không phải phụ thuộc vào gia đình.

By Nguyen Van Manh

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- ...........................................................................................................................................

Lưu ý: Động từ “to be” được chia là “were” cho tất cả các chủ ngữ ở câu điều ước loại 2.

Eg: Cậu ấy ước gì cậu ấy là một học sinh giỏi. ........................................................................................................................................... c/ điểu ước loại 3: S1 + wish(-s/-es) + S2 + had + V-ed/V3 + ….

Eg: Ước gì hôm qua mình gặp được Maryam.

- ……………………………………………………………………………………. chúng ta có thể thay wish bằng would rather/ If only: giá mà Vd: I’d rather my vacation was longer (giá mà kỳ nghỉ của tôi được lâu hơn) * Complete this table about “wish”.

Lưu ý: đây là cách nhận dạng khi viết lại câu điều ước.

Eg: I am not good at English (sự thật) I wish I were good at English (điều ước) Một số trường hợp có thể dùng từ trái nghĩa Eg: He is short He wishes he were tall Fact (sự thật)

Wish (điều ước)

am/ is/ are

weren’t

am not/ isn’t/ aren’t

were

V (-s/es)

didn’t + V0

don’t/ doesn’t + V0

V-ed/ V2

V-ed/V2

hadn’t V-ed/V3

didn’t V0

had + V-ed/ V3

can/ will/ .....

couldn’t/ wouldn’t/ ...

can’t/ won’t = will not/ ...

could/ would/ ...

have/has/had + V-ed/V3

hadn’t + V-ed/V3

haven’t/hasn’t/hadn’t + V-ed/V3

had + V-ed/V3

PRACTICE EXERCISES I. Use the Past form of the verbs 1. Yesterday, Lan (receive)________________ a letter from Maryam.

2. When we (arrive) _______________ at the mosque, the place (be) ________________ full.

3. I (not visit) __________________ the Temple of Literature last Sunday.

4. …………. She (have) _______________ a long vacation in Kuala Lumpur last year?

5. When ………. you (return) ____________ home last night? - I (return) ____________ home at 9 pm.

6. Yesterday, I (meet) ___________ my old friend and we (talk) ____________ about famous places in the world.

7. We …………………….. (not want) to go to the cinema last night because of the rain.

8. Why ________ you ……………… (return) the books to the library before the due date?

By Nguyen Van Manh

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“The harder you work -> The more successful you get”

“The harder you work -> The more successful you get”

9. Last summer I _____________ Ngoc Son Temple in Ha Noi. (visit) 10. My parents ______________ very tired after the trip. (be) 11. Trung __________________ a lot of photos during the trip. (take) 12. They _______________ me to every one at the party and they look friendly. (introduce) 13. Paul _________________ to Liverpool yesterday. (return) 14. We _________________ the food was delicious.(think) 14. We (drive) ______________ around the parking lot for 20 mins to find a parking space.

15. Jane ……………….. (mention) my email last night because of her computer breakdown.

*10. It’s a pity the weather weren’t better yesterday.

- ……………………………………………………………………………….

IV. Complete the sentences with the verbs in the box.

New words: - correspond: …………………………..

- impress: ……………………………..

- comprise: …………………………….

- divide: ……………………………….

- separate: ……………………………...

- accommodation: ……………………..

II. Give the correct form of the verbs 1. I wish he (be) ………………………. here now.

2. She wishes you (feel) …………………………. better.

3. I wish that you (be) …………………………. here yesterday.

4. I wish he (finish) …………..……………. his work tonight.

5. They wish we (wait)……………………………. for them.

6. I wish you (write) …………………………. to me.

7. I wish you (leave) ……………………….…. earlier yesterday.

8. We wish they (come) ………………………. with us last weekend.

9. They wish he (come) ……………..……………. with them the next day.

10. They wish we (give) ……………..……………. them some food yesterday.

11. We wish you (arrive) …………….……………. yesterday.

12. I wish I (not lose) ……………. the answers.

13. You wish you (know) …………………………. what to do last year.

14. I wish that he (visit) …………….……………. us next year.

15. She wishes that she (be) ………..……………. at home now.

16. I wish I (hear) ………………..……………. the news.

17. You wish that he (help) …………….……………. you last week.

18. I wish I (find) ……………..……………. the subject more interesting.

19. He wishes he (show) …………..……………. us the book.

20. The boy wishes that he (win) …………………………. the competition the next day.

III. Write sentences beginning I wish …….

1. I don’t know many people in the town.

- ………………………………………………………………………………. *2. It would be necessary to speak English.

- ………………………………………………………………………………. *3. It’s a pity I didn’t invite Joko to our class meeting.

- ………………………………………………………………………………. *4. Anne isn’t here and I need to see her.

- ……………………………………………………………………………….

5. Unfortunately, I have to leave Tokyo tomorrow.

- ………………………………………………………………………………. *6. Don’t shout all the time. It’s so annoying.

- ………………………………………………………………………………. *7. I don’t like being so short.

- ……………………………………………………………………………….

8. I’m sorry I can’t enjoy the peaceful atmosphere there.

- ……………………………………………………………………………….

9. I’d like to get access to the Internet, but I don’t have a computer.

- ……………………………………………………………………………….

1. The living accommodation ………….……….. three bedrooms, a kitchen, and a bathroom.

2. We’ve ………………….. with each other for ten years, but I’ve never actually met him.

3. The children were …………………. into three groups.

4. They ………………… for the dying man.

5. The sights of the city always ………………….. foreign tourists.

6. She was ………………….. from her mother when she was there.

7. Our country …………………… tropical climate.

8. Their future ……………….…. on how well they do in school. * V. Use the correct form of the word given to complete each sentence.

1. First ………………… about Ha Noi is the beauty of the city. (impress) 2. I enjoy working there, everyone is so ………………….. (friend) 3. We like their ___________________ (friend).

4. The ________________ between Vietnam and China is good. (friend) 5. Some people have no ………………… beliefs. (religion) 6. By the age of eighteen he was completely …………………… of his parents. (depend) 7. English and French are Canada’s ……………….. languages. (office) 8. America’s …………………. production fell for the fourth successive month. (industry) 9. Many parents opposed the ………………... of the classes into different sets. (divide) 10. School uniform is the ……………….. regulation for some school (compel) 11. There will be a ___________________ in this street. (meet) 12. The garden is ________________ with trees and flowers. (beauty) 13. They enjoy the ___________________ atmosphere here. (peace) 14. The ___________________ anthem of Viet Nam is sung. (nation) 15. There is an ________________ match between Vietnam and Lebanon on VTV3. (nation).

VI. Fill in each blank with the correct preposition.

1. How long is she planning to stay ………………. you?

2. We haven’t seen Jane …………… age.

3. I walked ……………. several hotels …………… my way …………….. the gas station.

4. The young birds depend ………….. their parents for food.

5. This job is a lot different ……………… what I’m used to.

6. Most students are interested ……………… sports.

7. The teacher divided the class …………….. five groups.

8. His breakfast consists ……………… dry bread and a cup of tea. *VII. Write the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the first. Use the word in brackets.

1. There were lights on the spacecraft. (had)

By Nguyen Van Manh

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corresponded, impress, prayed, comprises, divided, depends, separated, enjoys

By Nguyen Van Manh

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“The harder you work -> The more successful you get”

“The harder you work -> The more successful you get”

- ……………………………………………………………………………………………

2. It isn’t true that I made a mistake. (didn’t) - ……………………………………………………………………………………………

3. No one told me about the change of the plan. (know) - ……………………………………………………………………………………………

4. My friend was the winner of the competition. (won) - ……………………………………………………………………………………………

5. Is it a fact that the Romans built this wall? (did) - ……………………………………………………………………………………………

6. Our trip to Africa was in October. (We) - ……………………………………………………………………………………………

7. He failed in the examination last year.

- He did not ..........................................................................................................................

8. I started work for the company a year ago.

- I’ve ......................................................................................................................................

VIII. Read the passage, then decide whether the following statements are True/ False Canada is the world’s second largest country. Its population is not very large, however.

About 25 million people live in Canada – less than half the population of Britain or France and only one thirtieth of the population of India. Canada is in North America and its capital is Ottawa. It is a rich country with a lot of natural resources. In southern Canada the land is very good for farming and Canada exports a lot of wheat. In the north there are magnificent forests.

In the west there are some very high mountains called the Rockies. Canada also has many minerals such as petroleum, gas, copper and zinc. Canada was first settled by French pioneers.

In the eighteenth century there were wars between Britain and French, and Canada came under British rule. Since 1931 Canada has been an independent member of the British Commonwealth. English and French are both official language in Canada.

……………………………………………………………………………………………………

1. Canada is a densely populated country.

2. Canada is in the north of the USA. 3. Canada is a countgry rich in natural resources.

…………………………………………………………………………………………………… …………………………………………………………………………………………………… …………………………………………………………………………………………………… …………………………………………………………………………………………………… …………………………………………………………………………………………………… …………………………………………………………………………………………………… ……………………………………………………………………………………………………

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TOPIC 2: CLOTHING A/ Grammar: 1. Thì hiện tại hoàn thành: (present perfect) Định dạng: (Form) I/ We/ You/ They/ Số nhiều + have + V-ed/ V3 + .....

It/ He/ She/ Số ít + has + V-ed/ V3 + .....

Phủ định Negative

I/ We/ You/ They/ Số nhiều + have not + V-ed/V3 + .....

It/ He/ She/ Số ít + has not + V-ed/ V3 + .....

Nghi vấn Interogative

Have + I/ We/ You/ They/ Số nhiều + V-ed/ V3 + ..... ?

Has + It/ He/ She/ Số ít + V-ed/ V3 + ..... ?

…………………

* IX. Complete this letter to your pen pal, using the cues given.

- I/ just/ return/ four-day trip/ Da Lat/ my parents.

- the trip/ be/ very interesting, and I/ be/ eager/ to tell you about it.

- We/ stay/ mini hotel/ Xuan Huong lake.

- Walk/ around the lake/ enjoy/ the fresh cool air, we/ feel/ very comfortable.

- We also/ visit/ a lot of famous places/ such/ Prenn waterfall/ Cam ly waterfall/ Lake of Sights/ Bao Dai Palaces/ Da Lat flower Park.

- the weather/ be/ rather cold/ night, but it/ be/ very cool/ during the day.

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……………………………………………………………………………………………………

………………… ………………… …………………

By Nguyen Van Manh

……………………………………………………………………………………………………

Hình thức

6. Two official languages are spoken in Canada.

Dear ………………..

……………………………………………………………………………………………………

Khẳng định Affirmative

5. Canada is a former Brishtish colony.

- write/ me soon.

……………………………………………………………………………………………………

…………………

4. Canada isn’t the world’s leading exporter of wheat. …………………

- we/ enjoy/ ourselves so much.

……………………………………………………………………………………………………

Cách dùng: - đi với “for + khoảng thời gian/ since + điểm thời gian": nói đến hành động bắt đầu trong quá khứ, kéo dài tới hiện tại và có thể tiếp tục trong tương lai.

Eg: các nhạc sỹ đã đề cập đến áo dài nhiều thế kỷ nay rồi ........................................................................................................................

- đi với “already”: Nói đến việc đã làm rồi nhưng ko xác định thời điểm.

Eg: Cô ấy đã thiết kế xong một kiểu dáng mới rồi ........................................................................................................................

- đi với “ever”: Hỏi việc đã bao giờ làm chưa hoặc nói việc từng làm rồi.

Eg: Bạn đã bao giờ mặc áo dài chưa? ........................................................................................................................

- đi với “yet”: Hỏi việc đã làm chưa hoặc trả lời việc vẫn chưa làm.

By Nguyen Van Manh

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“The harder you work -> The more successful you get”

Eg: Họ vẫn chưa in xong hoa văn lên chiếc quần jean của tôi ........................................................................................................................

- đi với “just”: Nói về việc vừa mới làm xong Eg: Các nhà thiết kế vừa mới bổ sung một số biểu tượng ........................................................................................................................

- Ngoài ra thì này còn đi với 1 số cụm trạng ngữ như “so far, up to now; until now; up to present: cho đến nay” Chú ý: dạng chuyển đổi thì quá khứ đơn hiện tại hoàn thành và ngược lại.

- S + began/ started + V-ing + time + ago/ in, on, at + time - The last time + S + V-ed/ V2 + was + time + ago/ in, on, at + time => S + have/ has + V-ed/V3 + for time/ since time Lưu ý: Ở thì hiện tại hoàn thành, các chủ ngữ “it, he, she và danh từ số ít + has” Quá khứ đơn

Hiện tại hoàn thành

thời gian + ago

for + thời gian

in/ at/ on + mốc thời gian

since + mốc thời gian

Eg: She began working in this company ten years ago. .............................................................................................................

Phối hợp thì hiện tại hoàn thành với quá khứ đơn Hiện tại hoàn thành + since + quá khứ đơn Eg: We (not play) .................................... games since we (watch) .............................. the film about the bad .things from them.

2. Dạng bị động: Passive form NHẬN DIỆN CẤU TRUC TỔNG QUÁT DẠNG CHỦ ĐỘNG

DẠNG BỊ ĐỘNG

S (chủ ngữ) + V + O (tân ngữ) + ....

S + be + V-ed/ V3 + (by O) + .....

Eg: My mother cleans this room everyday.

S V O

This room is cleaned by my mother every day.

S be V-ed

by O

Nhìn ví dụ trên ta thấy khi chuyển câu chủ động sang bi động được thực hiện 4 bước sau: + tân ngữ -> chủ ngữ (O -> S) + động từ “be” chia theo thì của động từ ở câu chủ động. + động từ chính để mặc định là “V-ed/ V3”. + khi muốn nói rõ chủ thể hành động thì đặt sau giới từ “by”. (Thường dùng đối với các tên riêng.)

NHẬN DIỆN ĐỘNG TỪ Ở CÁC THÌ THÌ CỦA ĐỘNG TỪ HIỆN TẠI ĐƠN

DẠNG CHỦ ĐỘNG V0/ V-es

DẠNG BỊ ĐỘNG am/ is/ are + V-ed/ V3

don’t V0/ doesn’t V0

am not/ isn’t/ aren’t + V-ed/ V3

HIỆN TẠI TIẾP DIỄN

am/ is/ are V-ing

am/ is/ are + being + V-ed/ V3

H-TẠI HOÀN THÀNH

have/ has + V-ed/ V3

By Nguyen Van Manh

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have/ has + been + V-ed/ V3

“The harder you work -> The more successful you get”

QUÁ KHỨ ĐƠN

V-ed/ V2

was/ were + V-ed/ V3

didn’t V0

wasn’t/ weren’t + V-ed/ V3

QUÁ KHỨ TIẾP DIỄN

was/ were V-ing

was/ were + being + V-ed/ V3

Q-KHỨ HOÀN THÀNH

had + V-ed/ V3

had + been + V-ed/ V3

ĐỘNG TỪ KHIẾM KHUYẾT

will/ would/ can/ ... + V0

will/ would/ can/ .... + be + V-ed/ V3.

TƯƠNG LAI GẦN

am/ is/ are going to + V0

am/ is/ are going to be + V-ed/V3

THÌ HIỆN TẠI ĐƠN Vd: My sister usually does housework after school.

-> .............................................................................

THÌ HIỆN TẠI TIẾP DIỄN Vd: They are building a new pool.

-> ........................................................................................

THÌ HIỆN TẠI HOÀN THÀNH Vd: They have discovered oil at the North Pole -> ...................................................................

THÌ QUÁ KHỨ ĐƠN Vd: The police stopped us on our way home -> ............................................................................

THÌ QUÁ KHỨ TIẾP DIỄN Vd: She was cooking dinner at that time -> ..................................................................................

THÌ QUÁ KHỨ HOÀN THÀNH Vd: They had destroyed all the documents when he arrived -> ................................................................................................................

BE GOING TO Vd: We are going to bake the bread -> .................................................................................... ĐỘNG TỪ KHIẾM KHUYẾT Vd: The manager must sign the cheque -> ....................................................................................

Lưu ý: - Trạng từ chỉ cách thức thường đứng giữa be và quá khứ phân từ Vd: The scientists have studied the problem carefully -> ................................................................................................................................

- Trạng từ hoặc cụm trạng từ chỉ thời gian đứng sau by + đối tượng thực hiện hành động Vd: Alexander.G.Bell invented the telephone in 1876.

-> ...................................................................................................................................

- Trạng từ hoặc cụm từ chỉ nơi chốn đứng trước by + đối tượng thực hiện hành động Vd: The police found him in the forest.

-> ................................................................................................................................

By Nguyen Van Manh

- 10 -

“The harder you work -> The more successful you get”

B/ Exercises: I. Put the verbs in present perfect.

1. Laura …………………………. (never wear) modern clothing at work.

2. I …………………………. (not add) these pattern to the ao dai yet.

3. …………… you …………….. (wear) a unique dress recently ?

4. The sale of jean …………………………. (grow up) since 1980.

5. We …………………………. (already print) the lines of poetry on the ao dai.

6. My boy friend ……………………….. (design) this traditional dress for 2 months.

7. She ………………………………. (not/visit) her village for a long time.

8. ………….………………… (you ever be) to New York?

9. He …………………………. (be) at his computer for seven hours.

10. How long ………………poets and writers ……………….. (mention) the ao dai in poems and novels?

II. Chuyển các câu sau sang bị động: Hiện tại đơn – Present simple: 1. He does his exercise every afternoon.

- …………………………………………………………………………………………………

2. Somebody calls me every day.

-…………………………………………………………………………………………………

3. Does Sam clean the floor twice a day?

- …………………………………………………………………………………………………

4. They don’t sell this house.

- …………………………………………………………………………………………………

5. William sometimes writes a letter to his pen pal.

-…………………………………………………………………………………………………

Quá khứ đơn – past simple: 1. Last year Mrs. Nina taught me both English and Science.

- …………………………………………………………………………………………………

2. She didn’t break my laptop.

- …………………………………………………………………………………………………

3. I sent my children to summer camp.

- …………………………………………………………………………………………………

4. Did the secretary finish the report last night?

- …………………………………………………………………………………………………

5. When did he lose his newspapers?

- …………………………………………………………………………………………………

Hiện tại tiếp diễn - Present progressive: 1. She is cleaning the windows now.

-…………………………………………………………………………………………………

2. Is Nina taking some photos of our class?

- …………………………………………………………………………………………………

3. Sam isn’t learning English at the moment.

- …………………………………………………………………………………………………

4. Where are they writing the report?

- …………………………………………………………………………………………………

5. We are reading novels right now.

- …………………………………………………………………………………………………

Quá khứ tiếp diễn – Past progressive 1. I was reading books at 7 o’clock yesterday morning.

- …………………………………………………………………………………………………

By Nguyen Van Manh

- 11 -

“The harder you work -> The more successful you get”

2. They were discussing about a TV program at 9 o’clock last night.

- …………………………………………………………………………………………………

3. Was Nina singing a song when you came?

- …………………………………………………………………………………………………

4. While Ms. Nina was cleaning the house, she hurt her back.

- …………………………………………………………………………………………………

5. They weren’t decorating their house when you phoned.

- …………………………………………………………………………………………………

Hiện tại hoàn thành – Present perfect: 1. Tom has seen this film before.

- …………………………………………………………………………………………………

2. Nina hasn’t read the newspaper yet.

- …………………………………………………………………………………………………

3. Have you ever eaten seafood?

- …………………………………………………………………………………………………

4. I have already signed the contract.

- …………………………………………………………………………………………………

5. These men have just bought the tickets.

- …………………………………………………………………………………………………

Bị động với động từ khiếm khuyết (modal verbs) 1. We must wash this kind of cloth in warm water only.

- …………………………………………………………………………………………………

2. They explained to him how they should operate the machine.

- …………………………………………………………………………………………………

3. We should see children and not hear them.

- …………………………………………………………………………………………………

4. They won’t inform you of the result of your exam by letter.

- …………………………………………………………………………………………………

5. When will they open the shop - this year or next?

- …………………………………………………………………………………………………

Passive form of tenses.

1. Should they help Jane with the sewing?

- …………………………………………………………………………………………………

2. The mechanic is repairing Judy’s car.

- …………………………………………………………………………………………………

3. Must we finish the test before ten?

- …………………………………………………………………………………………………

4. They use a computer to do that job nowadays.

- …………………………………………………………………………………………………

5. Employers must pay all travel expenses for this training course.

- …………………………………………………………………………………………………

6. Did her story take them in?

- …………………………………………………………………………………………………

7. The bank manager kept me for half an hour.

- …………………………………………………………………………………………………

8. Has he spelt this word wrongly?

- …………………………………………………………………………………………………

9. All his friends will see him off at the airport.

- …………………………………………………………………………………………………

By Nguyen Van Manh

- 12 -

“The harder you work -> The more successful you get”

“The harder you work -> The more successful you get”

10. They used to drink beer for breakfast in England years ago.

- …………………………………………………………………………………………………

11. Someone might have sent the letter to the wrong address.

- …………………………………………………………………………………………………

12. They were cleaning the floor when I arrived.

- …………………………………………………………………………………………………

13. They are digging the hole on the wrong side of the road.

- …………………………………………………………………………………………………

14. They are going to steal your money if you’re not careful.

- …………………………………………………………………………………………………

15. Has anyone ever asked you for your opinion?

- …………………………………………………………………………………………………

16. Alan’s knowledge of art doesn’t impress me.

- …………………………………………………………………………………………………

17. How do people make candles?

- …………………………………………………………………………………………………

18. Who looked after the children when you were away? ……………………………………………………………………………………………………

19. When is someone going to announce the results of the contest?

- …………………………………………………………………………………………………

20. Nobody informed the police that there had been a mistake.

- ………………………………………………………………………………………………… *III. Give the correct word formation 1. Her new album is very ______________. (impress) 2. What is the _____________ between living in the city and living in the countryside? (differ) 3. I enjoy a ______________ life in Vietnam. (peace) 4. ___________, we visit our relatives and friends on New Year’s Day. (Tradition).

5. She has the ______________ to create new designs for the ao dai. (inspire) 6. This stamp ______________ is valuable. (collect) 7. Some ____________have modernized the Ao Dai by printing lines of poetry on it. (design) 8. The Ao dai is the …………………. dress of Vietnamese women. (tradition) IV. From each number, pick out the word whose underlined part is pronounced differently from the others.

B. fashion C. champagne D. match 1.

A. equal 2.

A. only B. cotton C. cross D. economic 3.

A. baggy B. minority C. style D. symbol 4.

A. casual B. sale C. sleeveless D. slit 5.

A. economy B. occasion C. freedom D. logical 6.

A. fade B. fashion C. label D. plain B. washes C. watches D. goes 7.

A. boxes 8.

A. uniform B. ticket C. tide D. inspiration V. Complete the sentences with a suitable word given “poet, traditional, preference, designer, convenient, inspiration, fashionable, pride, embroidered, encouragement” 1. The ao dai is the ………………….. dress of Vietnamese women.

2. Travelling by subway is fast, ……………………….. and cheap.

3. Walt Whitman is an American ……………………… his collection of poems, Leaves of Grass, was very famous.

4. Dreams are a rich source of ………………………. for some writers.

5. We attended the fashion show of a leading …………………….

6. I need you there to offer words of ………………………

7. She offered him an ……………………. handkerchief.

8. It is becoming …………………….. to have long hair again.

9. I wear my school uniform with ……………………………

10. Do you have any particular ………………………?

VI. Put in the present perfect or past simple of the verbs in brackets.

1. I …………………... (have) these shoes since my eighteen birthday.

2. We ………………… (live) in Newcastle for three years now and like it a lot.

3. The last time that I …………………. (go) to Brighton was in August.

4. When my parents were on holiday, I ………………… (stay) with my grandparents for two weeks.

5. I ……………….. (not see) Rachel for ages. She …...…………. (not visit) us since July.

6. Martin ……………….. (be) to Greek five times. He loves the place.

7. I …………………. (work) for a computer company for a year. That was after college.

8. We ……………. (move) here in 1993. We …………….. (be) here for a long time now.

9. It isn’t very good party. Most people ……………………….... (already/go) home.

10. It was so hot today that I ………………….. (wear) shorts and a T-shirt at work.

11. My wife and I …………………. (move) three times since we ………….. (get) married.

12. So far this week there …………………. (be) three burglaries in our street.

13. When I was younger, I …………………… (play) badminton for my local team.

14. In the past few years, it ……………………. (become) more and more difficult to get into university.

15. I ………………….. (enjoy) skiing ever since I …………………. (live) in Switzerland. * VII. Translate these sentences into Vietnamese.

1. Bố mẹ luôn tự hào về thành công của con.

- …………………………………………………………………………………………

2. Tôi nghĩ các bạn học sinh cần mặc đồng phục khi ở trường.

- …………………………………………………………………………………………

3.

A: Ngày mai chúng ta sẽ đi picnic chứ? ………………………………………………….

B: Việc đó còn phụ thuộc vào thời tiết. …………………………………………………

4. Công viên được mang tên anh hùng trẻ tuổi Le Van Tam. - …………………………………………………………………………………………

5. Vào thế kỷ 18 vải jean được làm hoàn toàn bằng chất liệu cốt tông.

- …………………………………………………………………………………………

6. Giầy của trẻ em thường sờn đi rất nhanh.

- …………………………………………………………………………………………

7. giá giầu đã tăng lên hơn 30%.

- …………………………………………………………………………………………

8. Phụ nữ Viet Nam ngày nay thường mặc trang phục hiện đại ở công sở, nhưng mặc áo dài vào dịp truyền thống.

- …………………………………………………………………………………………

9. Quần Jean chưa bao giờ hết mốt.

- …………………………………………………………………………………………

10. Công việc này thì khác nhiều so với những gì tôi đã quen thuộc.

- …………………………………………………………………………………………

By Nguyen Van Manh

- 13 -

VIII. Read the passage then decide the statement True, False or No Information.

I lived in the Middle East for a while, and when I went out, I had to obey the local custom of wearing something over my head and wearing a dress that covered my whole body .At first, I found it a read nuisance, but after a while,I got used to it and even started to like it.

You feel really secure, and also you don't have to worry about what to wear all the time

By Nguyen Van Manh

- 14 -

“The harder you work -> The more successful you get”

1. The writer lives in the Middle East now ........

2. She was constrained to wear national costume .........

3. She was very annoyed at the costumme ........

4. She felt confident and safe when she wore the costume .........

5. She didn't have to think of what to wear evry day .............

6. The writer is a Muslim ............... * IX. Complete the senetences using the suggested words.

1. I/ small house/ near/ the coast/ since 1990.

- ……………………………………………………………………………

2. She/ just/ come back/ holiday - ……………………………………………………………………………

3. in the 18th century/ jean cloth/ completely/ make/ cotton - ……………………………………………………………………………

4. it/ most expensive/ hotel/ I/ ever/ stay - ……………………………………………………………………………

5. Sandra/ work/ the company/ three years/ now - ……………………………………………………………………………

6. this kind of jacket/ consider/ very/ fashionable/ these days - ……………………………………………………………………………

7. a new style of jeans/ just/ introduce/ the USA - ……………………………………………………………………………

8. She/ work/ this bank/ since/ leave/ university.

- ……………………………………………………………………………

--- The end ---

TOPIC 3: A TRIP TO THE COUNTRYSIDE A/ Grammar: 1. Giới từ chỉ thời gian: (Preposition of time) - at (lúc, vào lúc) dùng cho thời gian trong ngày và vào những ngày lễ. vd: at 5 o’clock at midnight, at Christmas - on ( vào) dùng cho ngày, ngày tháng, ngày tháng năm và các ngày cụ thể vd: on Wednesday on 20 July 1992 on Christmas day on Friday morning - in ( trong, vào): dùng cho tháng, năm, mùa, thế kỷ và các buổi trong ngày (ngoại trừ at night) vd: in 1998, in September, in the winter, in the 21st century, in the morning - after: sau, sau khi Vd: I’ll see you after the meeting - before: trước, trước khi before lunch, two days before Christmas, the day before yesterday - between ... and ..... : giữa hai khoảng thời gian. between 6 pm and 8 am Lưu ý: - không dùng các giới từ in, on, at trước every, last, next, this, tomorrow, yesterday…

- till/ until: đến tận …., tới tận….

Vd: He’ll be at work until/ till half past five. Anh ấy sẽ làm việc đến 5h30.

- up to: cho đến…. Vd: Up to now he’s been quiet. Cho đến bây giờ anh ấy vẫn im lặng.

2. Mệnh đề trạng ngữ chỉ kết quả: So + adverb clause of result (so + mệnh đề chỉ kết quả)

By Nguyen Van Manh

- 15 -

“The harder you work -> The more successful you get”

- “Because” đứng trước mệnh đề chỉ nguyên nhân. “So” đứng trước mệnh đề chỉ kết quả. Tuy nhiên mệnh đề nguyên nhân nếu có “because” thì có thể đứng trước hoặc sau mệnh đề kết quả. Nhưng mđề kết quả mà có “so” thì luôn đứng sau.

- Lưu ý: đã dùng “because” thì bỏ “so” và ngược lại * Ta sẽ thấy xảy ra các trường hợp sau: 1. Because + mđề nguyên nhân, mđề kết quả <=> mđề nguyên nhân, so + mđề kết quả Chỉ việc bỏ “because” vế trước và thêm “so” vế sau là xong hoặc ngược lại.

2. mđề kết quả + because + mđề nguyên nhân <=> mđề nguyên nhân, so + mđề kết quả Trường hợp này phải đảo mđề nguyên nhân lên trước, bỏ “because” đi rồi thêm “so” vào mđề kết quả như trường hợp 1.

Vd1: We arrived late, so we missed the beginning of the film (dùng because) ………………………………………………………………………………………….. …………………………………………………………………………………………..

Vd2: We were late for school because the bus arrived late. (dùng So) …………………………………………………………………………………………..

3. Chuyển mệnh dề “because” sang cụm danh từ sau “because of” Khi chuyển đổi từ mệnh đề -> danh từ/ cụm danh từ sẽ xả ra 3 trường hợp sau: 3.1. Nếu thấy 2 chủ ngữ giống nhau thì bỏ chủ ngữ gần Because, động từ thêm "ing". Nếu phủ định “not + V-ing” Ví dụ: Because Nam is tall, he can reach the book on the shelf. => ……………………………………………………………………………………….

3.2. Nếu thấy có danh từ và tính từ thì đưa tính từ lên trước danh từ, còn lại bỏ hết.

Ví dụ: Because the wind is strong, many houses may be damaged. => ……………………………………………………………………………………….

- Sau khi bỏ "to be" (is) thấy có danh từ và tính từ nên ta chỉ việc đưa tính từ lên trước danh từ.

3.3. Nếu thấy chỉ còn lại danh từ thì chỉ việc giữ lại danh từ.

Ví dụ: Because there was a storm, We had to cut down some tall trees.

- Sau khi bỏ "there", bỏ "to be" (was) chỉ còn lại danh từ => chỉ việc lấy mà dùng, đổi mạo từ “a/an” -> mạo từ xác định “the”.

B/ Exercises: I. Complete the sentences with “in, at, on, for, since, after, before, between, until, during”.

1. The course begins …………… 2 January 2005 and ends sometimes ………………… April.

2. The children aren’t here ………………. the moment, but they’ll be back ……………… a few minutes.

3. - We’re having a party …………………. New Year’s Eve. Can you come?

- I’m afraid I can’t. I don’t like going out ……………… night.

4. - Shall we go now? – No, let’s wait ……………….. it stops raining.

5. Please wait ……………… half past ten. She’ll definitely be back ……………… 10.30.

6. Sandra often goes to church ………………. 5 o’clock ………………. Sunday.

7. Bill has worked in this company ………………… five years …………….. He graduated from Yale University ……………… 1998.

8. It’s rained …………………. the night …………………. two or three hours.

9. I’m starting a job in sales ………………….. I finish college.

By Nguyen Van Manh

- 16 -

“The harder you work -> The more successful you get”

“The harder you work -> The more successful you get”

10. Henry is 63. He’s going to be retired from his job ……………….. two years’ time.

II. Rewrite these sentences, using the word in bracket.

1. Because the weather was bad, we didn’t enjoy our holiday.

- …………………………………………………………………………………….. (so) - ………………………………………………………………………………….. (because of) 2. Ba’s village is near the foot of a mountain, so Many people go there to have a rest on weekends. (because) - …………………………………………………………………..................................................

3. He passed all his exam because he worked hard.

- ……………………………………………………….............................. (so) - ………………………………………………………………………………….. (because of) 4. They sat down under the tree beause they felt tired.

- ……………………………………………………………………………………….. (so) - ………………………………………………………………………………….. (because of) 5. Because the village is very beautiful, Liz took a lot of photos.

- …………………………………………………….................................... (so) - ………………………………………………………………………………….. (because of) 6. We take bus to the village because my home village is far from the city. (so) - ………………………………………………………………………………………..

7. They canceled the flight because there was a snow storm. (so) - …………………………………………………….................................... (so) - ……………………………………………………………………….………… (because of) 8. He didn’t study hard so he failed the exam.

- ………………………………………………………………………..……………. (because) - ………………………………………………………………………..…………. (because of) III. Write sentence with wish.

1. You didn’t tell me about the meeting.

- ……………………………………………………...

2. I would like to go to Huong’s village but I can’t.

- …………………….……………………………………………………...

3. I have to study for the final test.

- ………………….…………………………………...

4. Our flat is too small for us to live.

- ……………………………………………………...

5. I was late for work this morning - ……………………………………………………...

6. I can’t see the film ‘Spider man” with you now because I’m busy.

- ……………………………………………………...

7. I failed my English test last week.

- ……………………………………………………...

8. Farmers can’t live on planting rice in my village.

- ………………………………………...

*9. You want to talk with your pen pals on the phone, but it is too expensive for you to make a call. What do you wish?

- ………………………………………………………………………………………………… *10. One of your pen pals has written to you and asked you to send her one of your most recent photos but it is impossible because most of your photos were taken about two years ago.

What do you wish now?

- …………………………………………………………………………………………………

IV. Complete the sentence with the correct tense of the verb in parentheses.

1. I (ẹnjoy) ………………. fresh air by the river last weekend.

2. Carol and I are old friends. I (know) …………………… her since I (be) ……………… a freshman in high school.

3. The big old banyan tree isn’t far from here. I (walk) …………………. there many times.

4. My thirteen year old daughter wishes she (be) …………………. taller and that she (have) ……………… blond and curly hair.

5. It was an enjoyable trip. I wish we (take) ……………… a lot of photos to show you.

6. When I (arrive) ………………….. at the airport yesterday, I (meet) ………………….. by my cousin and a couple of her friends.

7. *These letters (can/ mail) ……………………. at the corner. There is a mailbox there.

8. Malaysian country (divide) ………………….. into two regions and it’s known as West Malaysia and East Malaysia.

V. Choose the word, which is pronounced differently from the others.

B. banyan C. gather D. relax 1.

A. pagoda 2.

A. collection B. comment C. rest D. blanket 3.

A. village B. shrine C. river D. picnic 4.

A. entrance B. banyan C. hamburger D. snack B. grown C. mountain D. down 5.

A. town 6.

A. hoped B. asked C. received D. washed 7.

A. visited B. wanted C. decided D. looked *VI. Fill in the blank with a suitable word to complete the passage.

Ba’s home …………………. lies near a foot of a ………………… and by a river.

Getting to the village is an interesting ……………….. . People have a chance to …………....... between the green paddy fields, cross a small bamboo forest before they reach a big old banyan tree at the ………………… to the village.

Walking up the mountain, people can visit the ………………….. of a young Vietnamese hero and enjoy the ……………….. air there. Besides, they can also take a ………. for sightseeing in the river or have a picnic on the river ……………….. It’s a wonderful ……………….. for resting. *VII. Translate these sentences into English.

1. Peter là một học sinh du học theo hình thức trao đổi đến từ Mỹ.

- ………………………………………………………………………………………..

2. Cậu ấy sẽ ở Viet Nam cho đến hết tháng 12.

- ………………………………………………………………………………………..

3. Ngươi dân quê tôi trồng rất nhiều Ngô ở trên những cánh đồng.

By Nguyen Van Manh

- 17 -

By Nguyen Van Manh

- 18 -

“The harder you work -> The more successful you get”

“The harder you work -> The more successful you get”

- ………………………………………………………………………………………..

4. Tuần trước, bọn mình có một chuyến picnic bên bờ sông.

- ………………………………………………………………………………………..

5. Nếu bọn mình xuất phát trước 6 giờ, bọn mình sẽ đến vị trí picnic sớm.

- ………………………………………………………………………………………..

6. Có một cây đa cổ thụ lớn ở lối vào làng mình.

- ………………………………………………………………………………………..

VIII/ Rewrite the following sentences using the word given so that the second sentence means exactly the same as the sentence before it . *1. I regretted not telling him what happened last night. (wish) - ………………………………………………………………………………………….

2. I’m sorry I’m not able to go with you. (wish) - ………………………………………………………………………………….………

3. They canceled the flight because there was a snow storm. (so) - ……………………………………………………………………….……………..….

4. He didn’t study hard so he failed the exam. (because) - ………………………………………………………………………..………………... *5. Ba wants Liz to stay in Viet Nam till the Christmas. (wish) - …………………………………………………………………………………………. *6. The Parkers are nice so Van would like to be a member of their family. (wish) - …………………………………………………………………………………… *7. Liz wants to visit Ba’s village again some day. (wish) - …………………………………………………………………………………… *8. Mr. Thanh is going to have an appointment from 8.30 pm to 10 pm. (end) - …………………………………………………………..……………………………\ *9. How long have you bought this car? (when) - …………………………………………………………………………………………..

10. You should pay your bill before you leave the hotel.

- Your bill ………………………………………………………………………………….. *IX/ Supply the correct word form.

1. Sapa is one of the………………………….. regions of Vietnam. (mountain) 2. What do you think about her …………………………..of old pictures? (collect) 3. There is a …………………… lot near my house. (park) 4. There is a big old banyan tree at the…………………to the village. (enter) 5. It was an……………………….. journey. (interest) 6. Students ………………..… gathered things before leave the picnic site. (hurry) 7. Liz had an …………………… trip to Ba’s home village. (enjoy) 8. Most of the ………………….. have lived here all their lives. (village) X. Read the text carefully, then decide whether the statements are True or False.

I live in a small village called Henfield – there are about 500 people here. I love it because it’s quiet and life is slow and easy. You never have to queue in shops or banks. The village is clean – people look after it and don’t throw their rubbish in the streets. The air is also clean because there’s not much heavy traffic. It’s much more friendly here than in a city. Everyone knows

everyone and if someone has a problem, there are always people who can help. There aren’t many things I don’t like about Henfield. One thing is that there’s not much to do in the evenings – we haven’t got any cinemas or theatres. Another problem is that people always talk about each other and everyone knows what everyone is doing. But I still prefer village life to life in a big city.

1. The writer’s village has a small population. ………………

2. The air is unpolluted because there is no traffic here. ……………….

3. Villagers are very friendly and helpful. ……………….

4. There is good nightlife in the village. ……………….

5. There isn’t much privacy in the village. ……………….

6. The writer wishes to live in a big city. ……………….

By Nguyen Van Manh

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------------ The end ------------

TOPIC 4: LEARNING A FOREIGN LANGUAGE A/ Grammar: 1. Conditional sentence type 1: Câu điều kiện loại 1 CÔNG THỨC câu điều kiện loại 1 Công thức: If + S + V (hiện tại), S + will + V0 (động từ nguyên mẫu) Trong mệnh đề điều kiện, động từ (V) chia ở thì hiện tại. Trong mệnh đề chính, động từ (V) chia ở dạng nguyên mẫu. => Nói cách khác, ở câu điều kiện loại 1, mệnh đề IF dùng thì hiện tại đơn. Mệnh đề chính dùng “will/ can/ must/ …. ) tùy vào ý nghĩa diễn đạt.

Ghi chú: thì hiện tại đơn động từ chia như sau: Khẳng định: I/ we/ you/ they/ số nhiều + V0 + ….

It/ he/ she/ số ít + V-s/-es + ….

Phủ định: I/ we/ you/ they/ số nhiều + don’t + V0 + ….

It/ he/ she/ số ít + doesn’t + V0 ….

Ví dụ: If I tell her everything, she will know how much I love her.

Nếu tôi nói cho cô ấy tất cả mọi chuyện, cô ấy sẽ biết tôi yêu quý cô ấy nhiều như thế nào. => Trong mệnh đề điều kiện, động từ tell chia ở hiện tại, còn ở mệnh đề chính, động từ know chia ở dạng nguyên mẫu.

If it rains, we will not go to the cinema. / Nếu trời mưa chúng tôi sẽ không đi đến rạp chiếu phim nữa. => Trong mệnh đề điều kiện, động từ rains chia ở thì hiện tại, còn ở mệnh đề chính, động từ go được để ở dạng nguyên mẫu.

CÁCH DÙNG câu điều kiện loại 1 a. Câu điều kiện loại 1 dùng để chỉ sự việc có thể xảy ra ở hiện tại hoặc tương lai Ví dụ: Nếu tôi dậy sớm vào buổi sáng, tôi sẽ đến trường học đúng giờ.

- ………………………………………………………………………………………………… b. Câu điều kiện loại 1 có thể sử dụng để đề nghị và gợi ý: Ví dụ: Nếu bạn cần mua vé, tôi có thể mua dùm bạn một cái.

- …………………………………………………………………………………………………

By Nguyen Van Manh

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“The harder you work -> The more successful you get”

c. Câu điều kiện loại 1 dùng để cảnh báo hoặc đe dọa Ví dụ: Nếu bạn bước vào đó, anh ta sẽ giết bạn.

- …………………………………………………………………………………………………

2. Lời nói trực tiếp và gián tiếp: - Lời nói gián tiếp là lời nói tường thuật lại ý của người nói (không cần phải dùng đúng những từ của người nói) a. Câu trần thuật trong lời nói gián tiếp: Muốn đổi một câu trần thuật từ trực tiếp sang gián tiếp cần chú ý: - Xác định xem ai nói với ai để thay đổi đối tượng cho phù hợp - Đổi thì của động từ thành thì quá khứ tương đương: + Hiện tại đơn => quá khứ đơn Vd: Tom said “I never eat meat” => ……………………………………………………. + Hiện tại tiếp diễn => quá khứ tiếp diễn Vd: He said “I’m waiting for Ann” => ………………………………………………….. + Hiện tại hoàn thành => quá khứ hoàn thành Vd: She said “I’ve seen this film” => ...............................................................................

Vd: She said “you can sit here” => ...................................................................................

- Đổi một số đại từ chỉ định và trạng từ hoặc cụm trạng từ chỉ nơi chốn, thời gian nếu có: THIS => THAT THESE => THOSE HERE => THERE NOW => THEN TODAY => THAT DAY TONIGHT => THAT NIGHT YESTERDAY => THE DAY BEFORE/ THE PREVIOUS DAY TOMORROW => THE NEXT/ FOLLOWING DAY AGO => BEFORE; LAST WEEK => THE WEEK BEFORE/ THE PREVIOUS WEEK Lưu ý: + Đối với động từ tell, đòi hỏi phải có tân ngữ để chỉ người nghe Vd: He told me that he was late for class + Đối với động từ say, ta không cần đề cập người nghe nếu đề cập đến người nghe thì ta phải thêm giới từ to Vd: He said to me that he was late for class b. Câu hỏi trong lời nói gián tiếp: Có hai loại câu hỏi: YES–NO và câu hỏi WH-Yes- no question: S1 + asked (+ đối tượng) + if/ whether + S2 + V-ed/ V2 Vd: He said to me “Can you speak any foreign language?” => ................................................................................................................................

-Wh – question: S1+ asked ( + đối tượng) + what/ when/ …+ S2 + V-ed/ V2 Vd: He said “what time does the film begin?” => ................................................................................................................................

BẢNG QUY ĐỔI ĐỘNG TỪ TRỰC TIẾP -> GIÁN TIẾP Directed (trực tiếp)

Reported (gián tiếp)

am, is/ are

was/ were

V0, V (-s/-es)

V-ed/ V2

don’t/ doesn’t + V0

didn’t + V0

Have, has + V-ed/ V3

had + V-ed/ V3

By Nguyen Van Manh

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“The harder you work -> The more successful you get”

was/ were

had been

V-ed, V2

had + V-ed/ V3

didn’t + V0

hadn’t + V-ed/ V3

had + V-ed/ V3

Không thay đổi

can/ will/ may/ must, have to, has to

Could/ would/ might/ had to

• Bảng chức năng đại từ nhân xưng Chủ ngữ

Tân ngữ

Tính từ sở hữu

Đại từ sở hữu

Đại từ phản thân

I

Me

My

Mine

Myself

We

Us

Our

Ours

Ourselves

You

You

Your

Yours

Yourself/ yourselves

They

Them

Their

Theirs

Themselves

It

It

Its

Its

Itself

He

Him

His

His

himself

She

her

her

hers

herself

B/ Exercises: I. Supply the correct verb form, using conditional sentence type 1.

1. If you………………. (study) hard, you will pass the written examination.

2. They…………………… (have) a lot of fun if they come there.

3. If the weather ……………………(be) fine, We will go for a picnic.

4. He …………………… (write) to you if he has time.

5. If she……………… (not hurry), she will miss the bus.

6. If he (have) ……………………. a temperature, he (see) ………………….. the doctor.

7. If my friends (not come) …………………., I (be) …………………….. very unhappy.

8. If she (not earn) …………………. a lot of money, she (not fly) …………………… to New York.

9. If we (travel) ………………… to London, we (visit) ………………………. the museums.

10. If you (wear) ………….. sandals in the mountains, you (slip) ………………. on the rocks.

II. Rewrite each sentence, beginning with the words provided.

Câu 1-10: tường thuật lại câu trần thuật 1. He said: “I will expect her.” ___________________________________________________________________ 2. He said: “I can’t find my hat.” ___________________________________________________________________ 3. She said: “I am going to the movies tomorrow.” ___________________________________________________________________ 4. Lan said to me: “You are looking much better.” ___________________________________________________________________ 5. He says: “The river is rising early this year.” ___________________________________________________________________

By Nguyen Van Manh

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“The harder you work -> The more successful you get”

“The harder you work -> The more successful you get”

6. “I’ll have a cup of tea with you,” she said. ___________________________________________________________________ 7. “He’s not at home now”, she said. ___________________________________________________________________ 8. “I’ll pay him if I can” she said. ___________________________________________________________________ 9. “I’ll phone you tomorrow,” he told Jack. ___________________________________________________________________ 10. “I want a camera for my birthday,” he said. ___________________________________________________________________ Câu 11-15: tường thuật lại câu nghi vấn dạng (Yes/No-question) 11. "Is this your new calculator, Mai?" Nam asked.

Nam __________________________________________________________________ 12. “Do you know how far the drug store is?” The foreigner asked me.

The foreigner __________________________________________________________ 13. “Will you please water the flowers for me tonight, Jim?” said the old woman. ______________________________________________________________________ 14. "Can you lend me ten pounds?" said the boy to me.

The boy asked _________________________________________________________ 15. He said to his friend: “Did you see the accident yesterday?” ______________________________________________________________________ Câu 16-20: tường thuật lại câu hỏi dạng (Wh- question) 16. John said to me: “How did you come here?” ______________________________________________________________________ 17. She said to me: “Whose is this book?” ______________________________________________________________________ 18. I said to John, “Why aren’t you looking for a job?” ______________________________________________________________________ 19. Nancy said: “Why didn’t you call me, John?"

Nacy wanted___________________________________________________________ 20. Mr Smith said to her: "Where will you go on your vacation?”

Mr Smith asked_________________________________________________________ III. Rewrite the sentences, using reported speech 1. “ I am awarded a scholarship of US$2,500 .” He said to me.

He told me…………………………………………………..…………………………………………………..………………………..…

2. “ I’m leaving here for Australia tomorrow.” She said.

She said…………………………………………………..…………………………………………………..…………………...……..……

3. “ I’ll come with you as soon as I am ready.” Tom said to her.

Tom told her…………………………………………………..…………………………………………………..………………………..

4. “ Why do you learn English here?” She asked me.

She asked…………………………………………………..…………………………………………………..………………………....…

5. “ Why do you want to live in dormitory on campus?” asked Peter.

Peter asked…………………………………………………..………………………………………………..………………………..…

6. “ Can you help me improve my English pronunciation?” he asked the girl.

He asked the girl…………………………………………………..…………………………………………………..…………………

7. “ I’m attending an French course here.” Said Maryam.

Maryam said…………………………………………………..…………………………………………………..……………………….

8. “ Do you like listening to English songs?” Hoa asked Maryam.

Hoa asked Maryam…………………………………………………..…………………………………………………..……………

9. “ Which school do you choose for your summer course, children?” asked the man.

The man asked…………………………………………………..…………………………………………………..……………………

10. He said: “I am very proud of my parents, Daisy.”

-> He told ………………………………………………………………………………………

IV. Choose the word which is pronounced differently from the other.

1. A. check B. chair C. chalk D. character B. passed C. attended D. practiced 2. A. asked 3. A. banks B. texts C. notes D. courses 4. A. aspect B. edition C. experience D. examine 5. A. advanced B. improved C. learned D. stayed 6. A. course B. favorite C. dormitory D. order V. Complete the sentence with a suitable word.

By Nguyen Van Manh

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reputation – advertisement – aspect – dictionary – heart – dormitory – scenery – level 1. You’d better learn by ………………….. all the new words.

2. What ………………….. of learning English do you find difficult?

3. Most foreign students live in ……………….. on campus.

4. His novel won the Booker Prize and established his ………………….

5. You can take the exam at intermediate or advanced …………………..

6. If you want to sell your car, why not put an …………………… in the daily paper?

7. On the way, we stopped three times to enjoy beautiful ………………….

8. I’ve never seen this word before. Use a ………………….. to look it up.

VI. Complete the sentence with one suitable preposition.

1. You shouldn’t believe everything you read …………… the newspapers.

2. The course starts ……………….. 3rd November and ends ………………. January.

3. We sometimes go to our home village for taking a rest ……………. the weekend.

4. Are you interested ……………. learning foreign language?

5. We are looking forward ……………. hearing from you.

6. We can live …………… a dormitory …………… campus.

7. What aspect ………… learning English do you find most difficult?

8. Classes ended …………….. 5.15pm, so we will return home …………… 5.pm.

VII. Rewrite these following sentences keep meaning as the root one 1. I cannot go fishing with my friends.

- I wish ………………………………………………………………………………………..

2. I won’t attend the course late November.

- I wish ………………………………………………………………………………………..

By Nguyen Van Manh

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“The harder you work -> The more successful you get”

“The harder you work -> The more successful you get”

3. Some students aren’t interested in learning a foreign language.

- Their teacher wishes …………………………………………………………………………

4. There isn’t beautiful scenery in some cities.

- We wish ……………………………………………………………………………………..

5. Many students don’t know how to improve their listening skills.

- They wish ……………………………………………………………………………………..

6. She doesn’t speak English every day, so she can’t communicate with foreigners.

- She wishes ……………………………………………………………………………………

7. I’m sorry that I didn’t go to the party last Sunday.

- I wish ........................................................................................................................................... *8. Nam washes his car every week - Nam wishes his car ………………………………………………………………………….

9. I would like to go to Hoa’s birthday party but I can’t.

- I wish ……………………………………………………………………………...………….

10. “This course is really well-qualified.” He said.

- ………………………………………………….………………………………………………

11. “We are attending this course now” They said - ……………………………………………………….………………………………………….

12. “I will return Viet Nam tomorrow”. Mr. Thanh said.

- ……………………………………………………….………………………………………….

13. “I will help you whenever you need me, Hoa.” said Nam. - ……………………………………………………….………………………………………….

14. “I must stay at home tonight to finish my homework” said John.

- ……………………………………………………….………………………………………….

15. “ What do you do to improve your English ?” the examiner asked me.

- ……………………………………………………….………………………………………….

16. “When will you come back to visit us?” The Parkers asked Van. - ……………………………………………………….………………………………………….

17. “How is the journey to your home village?” I asked Ba. - ……………………………………………………….………………………………………….

18. “Do you enjoy your picnic?” I asked Nga. - ……………………………………………………….………………………………………….

19. “Are you tired after the trip?” I asked them.

- ……………………………………………………….………………………………………….

20. “Can you complete a spoken test?” The teacher asked me.

- ……………………………………………………….…………………………………………. *VIII. Supply the correct form of the words 1. He is a strict ………………………. (examine) 2. I saw your school’s ……………………. in today’s edition of the Vietnam News. (advertise) 3. If you want to …………………….. your English, we can help you. (improvement) 4. This school has excellent ……….………………. (repute).

5. We often take part in many……………….……….. activities at school. (culture)

6. Please phone this number for more………………………. (inform) 7. He …………………... answered these questions (exact) 8. The Saigon Giai Phong is a ____________ newspaper. (day) IX. Find the mistake then correct it.

1. Charlie said that he is living in London then. …………………….

2. He asked me if it is raining. …………………….

3. They asked me how old is she. …………………….

4. She asked me if was I happy to shop there. …………………….

5. Tom said he can’t come to our party on Friday. …………………….

6. He asked me if I can speak more slowly. …………………….

7. She said that she must go then. …………………….

8. She asked me how long does it take me to go to school by bus. ……………………

X. Read the text carefully, then decide whether the statements are True or False.

Learning a language is, in some ways, like learning how to fly or play the piano. There some differences, but there is a very important similarity. It is this: learning how to do such things needs lots of practice. It is never enough simply to “know” something. You must be able to “do” things with what to know. For example, it is not enough simply to read a book on how to fly an aeroplane. A book can give you lots of information about how to fly, but if you only read a book and then try to fly without a great deal of practice first, you will crash and kill yourself. The same is true of learning the piano or learning a foreign language. Can you speak English well without having lots of practice? “Practice makes perfect” is what every learner of a foreign language should know.

1. Learning a foreign language and learning to fly are the same in an important way. …………

2. Information about flying from books is enough for someone to fly. ……………..

3. It is dangerous to try to fly without any real practice. ……………..

4. Talking to a native speaker can be a good way to speak English well. ……………..

5. Language learners can make their English perfect without practice. ……………..

By Nguyen Van Manh

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----- The end -----

TOPIC 5: THE MEDIA A/ Grammar: 1. Tag questions (câu hỏi đuôi) Ý nghĩa: dùng để hỏi thăm dò (có thể người hỏi đã biết câu trả lời) Cách thành lập: Động từ mệnh đề chính

Phần hỏi đuôi

Động từ mệnh đề chính

Phần hỏi đuôi

S + is/ are/ was/ were

isn’t/ aren’t/ wasn’t/ weren’t + S

S + isn’t/ aren’t/ wasn’t/ weren’t + …

S + will/ would/ shall/ should/ must/ can/ could/ ought to + …..

won’t/ wouldn’t/ shan’t/ shouldn’t/ mustn’t/ can’t/ couldn’t/ oughtn’t to + S

S + won’t/ wouldn’t/ will/ would/ shall/ shan’t/ shouldn’t/ should/ must/ can/ mustn’t/ can’t/ could/ ought to + couldn’t/ oughtn’t to + ….

By Nguyen Van Manh

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is/ are/ was/ were + S

“The harder you work -> The more successful you get”

“The harder you work -> The more successful you get”

S + have/ has/ had + V3/V-ed + ……

haven’t/ hasn’t/ hadn’t S + haven’t/ hasn’t/ hadn’t + V3, V-ed + +S …….

have/ has/ had + S

S + V0/ V-s, -es + ……

don’t/ doesn’t + S

do/ does + S

S + don’t/ doesn’t + V0 + ……

Dạng đặc biệt It

Câu mệnh lệnh

, Will you?

Chủ ngữ everyone/ somebody/ no one

They

Let’s

, shall we?

I am

aren’t I

Chủ ngữ “every thing/ nothing”

Nguyên tắc thành lâp - trợ động từ phần hỏi đuôn luôn ngược lại với động từ ở mệnh đề chính. (m-đề chính: khẳng định => phần đuôi: phủ định và ngược lại) - trợ động từ phủ định ở phần hỏi đuôi luôn được viết tắt - chủ ngữ ở phần đuôi chỉ có thể là: “I, we, you, they, it, he, she hoặc there” tương ứng với chủ ngữ mệnh đề chính.

Vd: Lan ẹnjoys watching TV after dinner, doesn’t she?

Lan doesn’t enjoy watching TV after dinner, does she?

Chú ý: nếu mệnh đề chính có các trạng từ “never, hardly/seldom (hiếm khi), nobody, no one, nothing” thì được hiểu theo phủ định.

Vd: She is never late for school, is she? (đúng) She is never late for school, isn’t she? (sai) 2. Gerunds after some verbs. (danh động từ sau 1 số động từ) Khái niệm danh động từ: động từ nhưng mang chức năng của danh từ Cách thành lập: khi chuyển sang danh động từ chỉ việc thêm “ing” vào sau động từ Vd: speak (nói) speaking (việc nói) listen (nghe) listening (việc nghe) Các trường hợp sử dụng danh động từ: a. Theo sau các động từ: like love enjoy hate dislike begin/ start finish avoid (tránh) suggest mind prefer consider (xem xét) admit (thừa nhận) deny (phủ nhận) mention keep practice miss (bỏ lỡ) b. sau các giới từ.

Vd: He’s given up smoking. Anh ấy đã bỏ hút thuốc lá c/ sau cụm từ (to be used to/ get used to ….. quen với việc gì) Vd: Cậu ấy quen dậy sớm rồi -> ……………………………………………. d. Một số cụm từ thường đòi hỏi theo sau chúng là một danh động từ Be busy: bận rộn Have good time: tận hưởng Waste time: lãng phí thời gian Have fun: thích thú Have trouble: gặp phiền toái Spend time: dành thời gian Vd: Mẹ tôi luôn bận rộn làm việc nhà.

By Nguyen Van Manh

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-> ………………………………………………………………… e. các trường hợp khác dùng động từ nguyên mẫu (to Verb) vd: Thầy Mạnh muốn chúng tôi nói Tiếng Anh thường xuyên hơn. ………………………………………………………………………………………… f/ Một số động từ theo sau là “to –V” và “V-ing” có ý nghĩa khác nhau: + try to Verb: cố gắng làm Eg: ......................................................................................... + try + Verb-ing: thử làm Eg: .........................................................................................

- stop + to Verb: ngừng lại để làm Eg: ...............................................................................

- stop + Verb-ing: ngừng làm Eg: ............................................................................... + remember/ forget/ regret + to Verb: nhớ/ quên/ tiếc làm gì đó (chưa diễn ra) + remember/ forget/ regret + V-ing: Nhớ/ quên/ tiếc một việc đã làm rồi.

Eg: .........................................................................................

Eg: ......................................................................................... + need + to Verb: cần làm + need + V-ing = need to be + V-ed/V3: cần được làm (bị động) Eg: .........................................................................................

Eg: .........................................................................................

Lưu ý: - Sau begin, start, continue ta có thể dùng hoặc động từ nguyên mẫu có “to” hoặc danh động từ và ý nghĩa hoàn toàn giống nhau Vd: It began to rain/ began raining after 11a.m. trời đã bắt đầu mưa sau 11 giờ sáng - dạng bị động của: - V-ing -> being V-ed/ V3 - V0 -> to be V-ed/ V3 Eg: tôi không thích bị gọi điện vào ban đêm. (bị động) ………………………………………………………………..

Tôi thích gọi điện vào buổi tối. (chủ động) ………………………………………………………………...

B/ Exercises: I. Complete the following sentences with the correct tag questions: 1. Internet is the most important form of media, ……………...………?

2. Smart phones aren’t used widely by adults, ………….………….?

3. Viewers can watch a variety of local programs, ……………………?

4. Both teenagers and adults shouldn’t use the Internet very often, ………………………?

5. The Internet has increasingly developed, ………………………….?

6. They haven’t finished the documentary, ……………………………?

7. Peter enjoys surfing website, .................................?

8. You don’t like foreign films, ..........................................?

9. Her brother prefers wildlife world, ..................................... ?

10. This sport is violent, .........................................?

11. They won’t response these questions next week, ................................... ?

12*. Everyone has used the internet very often, ................................. ?

13*. Hoa never comes to school late, ................................. ?

By Nguyen Van Manh

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“The harder you work -> The more successful you get”

“The harder you work -> The more successful you get”

14. He spent much time playing games, ............................... ?

15. We must communicate with you by means of e-mail or chatting, ................... ?

16. People use the Internet for many purposes,………………………..?

17. You had an English test yesterday,…………………………..?

18*. Nobody will refuse to help her with her homework,……………………..?

II. Complete each sentence with the correct form of the verb in bracket.

1. I like …………. (lie) on the beach. I always spend my holidays ……………..… (sunbathe) 2. Andrew doesn’t mind ………………… (walk) home, but his sister would like …………….. (get) a taxi.

3. Tien gave up ………………. (play) video games and decided ……………… (study) hard.

4. Are you looking forward to ……………… (see) Ann again? Well, I expect ………….……. (meet) her soon.

5. The teacher told everybody …………. (be) quiet, but they just went on ……………. (talk).

6*. She dislikes ……………..…… (ask) to do something by the other.

7. We are fond of …………………… (read) magazines about teenagers.

8. This book tells you how (use) .................................... computers safely.

III. Fill the gap with a suitable word.

6. Mike/ not be/ the doctor/ recently. - …………………………………………………………..

7. George/ not enjoy/ his work/ the office.

- …………………………………………………………………………………………………..

8. The children/ do/ their homework/ when/ their mother/ get/ home.

- …………………………………………………………………………………………………..

9. The pullover/ shrink/ when you/ wash/ yesterday.

- …………………………………………………………………………………………………..

10. You/ always/ eat/ at home. - ………………………………………………………………… *VI. Rewrite each of the following sentences so that it has a similar meaning to the original one.

1. Please don’t interrupt me all the time. → Would you mind .............................................................................................................

2. It’s not a good idea to travel during the rush hour. → It’s better to avoid ...........................................................................................................

3. It will be good to see them again. → I’m looking .....................................................................................................................

4. Reading newspapers in the morning gives him pleasure.

He enjoys .....................................................................................................................

5. Does your brother use the internet every day ?

Your brother ................................................................................................................?

VII. Put in the right preposition 1. Was there anything good ……………….. TV last night?

2. Remote controls are used to interact …………………. TV. 3. I prefer sports programs ……………….. others, but there are no sports programs …………... Saturday afternoon.

4. It’s not easy to get access ………………. the Internet ………………… the countryside.

5. Did you see the film ………………. 10p.m …………… HBO channel last night.

6. You can e-mail me ………………… pd@freeserve.co.uk.

7. This website is useful ……………… people who are interested ……………. Wild life.

8. There was nothing interesting ………………., so I turned the TV ……………..

VIII. With the cues given, write a complete sentence.

1. Internet/ fast/ convenient/ way/ information/ which/ very update.

- ……………………………………………………………………………………………….

2. I/ enjoy/ surf/ net/ but/ not have/ much time/ it.

- ……………………………………………………………………………………………….

3. How many hours/ you/ spend/ watch TV/ every day?

- ……………………………………………………………………………………………….

4. We/ have/ interactive TV/ soon/ aren’t/ ?

- ……………………………………………………………………………………………….

5. Students/ not/ waste/ so much time/ wander/ the Websites.

- ……………………………………………………………………………………………….

6. you/ read/article/ the storm/ today’s edition/ Viet Nam news?

- ……………………………………………………………………………………………….

download – interact – surfing – channels – virus – internet 1. We can use remote control to ……………………. with TV. 2. Do you have access to the ………………….? What are your favorite websites?

3. How many ……………………… are there on TV at the moment?

4. I usually ………………….. good programs from the Internet.

5. How much time do you spend ………………… the web a day?

6. I’ve lost a lot of data. I wonder if my computer has a ……………………. *IV. Complete the sentences with an appropriate form of words in parentheses: 1. I’m writing in response to your ____________ which appeared in the magazine last week. (advertise) 2. Do you surf the internet for fun or _______________ ? (educate) 3. Because Hoa lives in a remote area, the internet isn’t __________ for her. (availability) 4. Thanks to Internet we can get the ………………… information. (late).

5. The Internet is one of the most important _____________ of our life. (invent) 6. Their ______________ is always good. (communicate) 7. I love watching news because it is very ________________ . (inform) 8. We felt ________________ in the show. (interest) 9.The ________________ between this computer and the others is good. (interact) 10. The ________________ of media is always fast. (develop) *V. Make complete sentences from these prompts and add a question tag.

1. People/ invent/ telegraph/ late 19th century.

- …………………………………..………………………………………………………..……..

2. They/ surf/ web/ at the moment. - …………………………………………………………..

3. I/ be/ best student. - ……………………………………………………………………………

4. The villagers/ get access/ Internet/ next month.

- …………………………………………………………………………………………………..

5. Christ/ catch/ lots of fish/ last summer.

- …………………………………………………………………………………………………..

By Nguyen Van Manh

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By Nguyen Van Manh

- 30 -

“The harder you work -> The more successful you get”

“The harder you work -> The more successful you get”

7. your father/ like/ watch/ football matches/ TV? - ……………………………………………………………………………………………….

8. Tuoi Tre/ one/ most popular/ Viet Nam. - ……………………………………………………………………………………………….

IX. Read the text carefully, then decide whether the statements are True or False.

New words - estimate: ước tính - harm: gây hại - addict: nghiện - psychologist: nhà tâm lý học - escape: thoát khỏi - emotion: cảm xúc - changer: người lạ - situation: tình huống It is estimated that about 200 million people who use the Internet computer network around the world. Most people use the Internet to get information or for entertainment. A new study, however, says that almost 6% of Internet users are using it so often that it is seriously harming their lives. The study says these people may find it difficult to stop using the Internet because they have become addicted. Someone who is addicted finds it extremely difficult to stop an activity. According to Mr. Greenfield, a psychologist, 30% Internet users say that they use the Internet to escape from problems or emotions. The study also shows that having discussions with strangers in Internet areas called "chat rooms" is one of the most addictive activities.

1. An estimated 200 million people get access to the Internet every year. ……………

2. Most people like to go on the Internet for information or entertainment…………….

3. Using the Internet so often can do more harm than good. ……………..

4. Someone who is addicted to the Internet spends just a little time going on it. …………

5. Some people use the Internet to get away from their unpleasant situations. ……………

6. One of the most addictive activites is chatting. ………………….. *X. Choose the option a, b, c, or d that best complete the passage.

Television is one of man's most important --------------(1) of communication. It brings -------------- (2) and sounds from around the world into millions of homes. A person with a television set can sit in his house and watch the President --------------(3) a speech or visit a foreign country. He can see a war being fought and watch statesmen try to ------------(4) peace. ----------(5) television, home viewers can see and learn about people, pleaces, and things in faraway lands. TV even takes its viewers out of this world. It brings them ---------(6) of America's astronauts as the astronauts explore outer these things, television brings its viewers a steady steam of programs that are ----------(8) to entertain. In fact, TV provides many more --------(9) programs than any other kinds. The programs include action-packed dramas, light comedies, sporting ----------(10), and motion pictures.

1. a. ways b. means c. aspect d. kinds 2. a. voices b. portraits c. pictures d. films 3. a. make b. do c. speak d. take 4. a. spectators b. observers c. students d. viewers 5. a. close b. farway c. nearby d. isolated 6. a. explore b. discover c. develop d. exploit 7. a. increase b. development c. addition d. advantage 8. a. responded b. published c. broadcasted d. designed 9. a. entertain b. entertaining c. entertained d. entertainment 10. a. events b. programs c. channels d. teams

HỌC KY 2 UNIT 6: THE ENVIRONMENT

----------- The end ----------By Nguyen Van Manh

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A/ Grammar 1. Adverb clauses of reason: M-đề phụ trang ngữ chỉ nguyên nhân thường được bắt đầu bằng: as/ because/ since Chú ý: - Khi trả lời câu hỏi (why), ta dùng “Because”, không dùng “As, since” Eg1: A: Tại sao chúng ta không nên sử dụng túi nylon để gói thức ăn? .........................................................................................................................

B: Bởi vì túi nylon rất khó phân hủy. …………………………………....................................................…………. * Cụm từ có ý nghĩa tương đương (because of) nhưng khác nhau khi đạt câu.

- Because + mệnh đề - Because of + danh từ/ cụm danh từ Eg1: Because the weather was bad, we stayed at home.

Because of the bad weather, we stayed at home.

Eg2: Because Mrs. Hoa was tired, she couldn’t help Tuan with his home work.

Because of being tired, Mrs. Hoa couldn’t help Tuan with his home work.

Eg3: Because Liz has an exam tomorrow, she is working hard.

Because of having an exam tomorrow, Liz is working hard.

Chú ý: Nếu cả 2 mệnh đề cùng chủ ngữ thì đổi động từ về danh động từ (V-ing) như VD 2, 3.

2. Conditional sentence: type 1 Câu điều kiện là câu gồm có 2 phần: Một phần nêu lên điều kiện của hành động (gọi là mệnh đề phụ - if clause) và một phần nêu lên kết quả của hành động (gọi là mệnh chính – main clause) * Cách dùng (Use): Diễn tả điều kiện có thể xảy ra ở hiện tại hoặc tương lai * Hình thức (Form) Khẳng định: If + S + V (hiện tại) + ...., S + will/ can, .... + V0 + ..... + Ở mệnh đề If-clause động từ thường chủ yếu dùng ở thì hiện tại đơn, cũng có trường hợp dùng hện tại tiếp diễn. + Động từ ở mệnh đề chính dùng động từ khiếm khuyết (will, can, ..... + V0) hoặc cũng có thể xuất hiện dạng câu yêu cầu.

Eg2: If it (rain) …………….., we (stay) ……………………. at home.

Eg3: Nếu cháu bé đang ngủ, vui lòng giữ yên lặng. -> ...............................................................

3. Adjectives and adverbs: + Tính từ bổ nghĩa cho danh từ, chủ ngữ. Trạng từ chỉ thể cách bổ nghĩa cho động từ và tính từ Adj-ly -> Adverb + Một số trường hợp đặc biệt không thêm “ly”: good -> well; hard -> hard; fast -> fast Chú ý sự xuất hiện của tính từ, trạng từ trong câu: - S + be + tính từ S + be + (a/an/the) + tính từ + danh từ - S + V + (.....) + trạng từ S + V/be + trạng từ + tính từ - trạng từ, + mênh đề câu

By Nguyen Van Manh

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“The harder you work -> The more successful you get”

Eg3: Tính từ bổ nghĩa cho danh từ: - Cô ấy có một giọng hát hay. .....................................................................

Eg4: Tính từ bổ nghĩa cho chủ ngữ: - Giọng hát của cô ấy hay. .............................................................

Eg5: Trạng từ bổ nghĩa cho động từ: - Cô ấy hát rất hay. ...............................................................................

Eg6: Trạng từ bổ nghĩa cho tính từ: - Giọng hát cô ấy cực kỳ hay. ..............................................................

Eg7: Trạng từ đứng đầu câu: - Theo truyền thống thì cả Nam và Nữ đều mặc áo dài. .............................................................................................................

4. Adjective + that clause: tính từ + mệnh đề “that” + Ý nghĩa: Mệnh đề “that” làm rõ nghĩa cho tính từ trước nó + Định dạng (form): S1 + be + adj + that + S2 + V + .......

Eg7: Thầy rất vui khi biết các em là những học sinh chăm chỉ.

- .......................................................................................................................... * Cấu trúc tương đương: - Adverb clauses of result - Adverb clauses of reason Eg8: viết lại câu sau: I’m very disappointed that she didn’t phone. (using so or because) -> ...............................................................................................

B/ EXERCICES: I. Pick out the word whose underlined part is pronounced differently from the others.

1. A. nature B. natural C. explain D. nation 2. A. ocean B. beach C. clean D. reason 3. A. clean B. seashore C. season D. health 4. A. forest B. pollute C. foreign D. deforestation 5. A. spray B. natural C. nation D. persuade 6. A. use B. pollute C. continue D. reduce 7. A. environment B. littered C. plastics D. directly 8. A. amount B. achieve C. dynamite D. deforestation 9. A. protect B. conservation C. provide D. cover II. Complete the sentences with the words or phrases in the box. garbage dump – deforestation - air pollution – dissolve – trash – pesticide – dynamite – environment – conservationist – energy 1. ………………….…… is the process of removing the trees from an area of land.

2. We have to take our own rubbish to the ……………………

3. ……………………… fishing can kill fish.

4. We must do more to protect the ……….………………

5. We should use trees leaves instead of plastic bags to wrap food because plastic bag are very hard to ………………………..

By Nguyen Van Manh

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“The harder you work -> The more successful you get”

6. ……………….……… is chemical used for killing insects.

7. Vehicles cause ………………..……… in the cities.

8. ………….. is some one who works to protect the environment from damage or destruction.

9. The average American family produces three pounds of …………………..…… a day.

10. We can reduce exhaust fume and save …………………… by using public buses to travel.

III. Complete these sentences with the adjective or adverb form of the words in the box.

1. Most of the students did …………….. on their test. Their test results were ………….. (good/ well) 2. An is a ……………… student. He always check his work ……………….. (careful-ly) 3. Our environment are become ………………... polluted. (extreme-ly) 4. * Jame looked very ……………….. because he failed his final exam. (sad-ly) 5. * The children seemed ……………….. They were playing …………….. the park. (happy/ happily) 6. Her mother was a very ………………… woman and she was always so …………….. dressed. (thoughtful-ly) 7. Monica’s English is very ………………. although she makes quite a lot of mistakes. (fluent-ly) 8. They pump raw sewage ……………….. into the sea. (direct-ly) 9. She said she had a sore throat and was feeling ……………….. (awful-ly) IV. Match the two halves of the sentence. Then write the full sentences.

1. Mr. Brown wants volunteer conservationists to work quickly, so he divided them into three groups. (because) –> làm 2 cách - …………………………………………..…………………………………………………..

- …………………………………………..…………………………………………………..

2. It was a nice day, so we went for a walk by the sea. (since) -> làm 2 cách - ……………………………………………………………….....................……………..

3. Since students don’t want to make the school polluted, they put garbage bins around the schoolyard. (so) - ………………………………………………………......................……………………..

4. She goes to work by bike because she wants to keep the air cleaner. (so) - ………………………………………………………....................………………………

5. People have spoiled this area, so we need to make this beach a clean and beautiful place again. (as) -> làm 2 cách - …………………………………………………………....................……………………

V. Give correct formation of these words - pollute (v)/ …………………………….… (n)/ ………………………………… (a) - care (n/v)/ …………………………………. (a).

- disappoint (v)/ …………………………… (n)/ ………………………………….(a) - conserve (v)/ ………………………………(n)/ ………………………………… (a) 1. The air in the city is _______________ (pollute) 2. Please listen to the lecture _______________ (care) 3. Scientists are _________________ (disappoint) that people destroying forests.

4. Air and water ________________ (pollute) can make people fall ill.

By Nguyen Van Manh

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“The harder you work -> The more successful you get”

“The harder you work -> The more successful you get”

5. Plastic bags will cause _________________ (pollute) 6. Mr. Brown is one of the _________________ (conserve) VI. Prepositions.

Một số cấu trúc: 1. Chia cái gì đó thành....: ...........................................................................

2. Cung cấp cho ai cái gì: ...........................................................................

3. Thất vọng với việc gì đó:..........................................................................

4. phân phát cái gì đó: ..........................................................................

5. phủ đầy thứ gì đó: ..........................................................................

6. giọn sạch: ..........................................................

7. liên tục làm gì đó:..........................................................

8. gây hại đối với ...:...........................................................

Translate into Vietnamese a. Thầy giáo đã chia lớp tôi thành 4 nhóm.

- ............................................................................................................................................. b. Các nhà môi trường học đã cung cấp cho chúng tôi một số phương pháp để bảo vệ môi trường khỏi ô nhiễm.

- ............................................................................................................................................. c. Tôi hết sức thất vọng với việc người ta dùng điện để đánh bắt cá.

- ............................................................................................................................................. d. Thầy giáo đã phát bài kiểm tra cho chúng tôi.

- ............................................................................................................................................. e. mặt đường bị phủ đầy rác. Các bạn nên giọn sạch rác ở trên đường trước khi rời đi.

- ............................................................................................................................................. f. Em gái tôi liên tục hỏi tôi hết câu hỏi này đến câu hỏi khác.

- ............................................................................................................................................. g. Đừng vứt rác xuống nước bởi vì nước ô nhiễm có thể gây hại trực tiếp cho sức khỏe con người.

- .............................................................................................................................................

VII. Complete the sentences with the correct form of the verbs in brackets.

1.

A: What will happen if you get lost?

B: Don’t worry! If I ……………… (get) lost, I ……………… (ask) someone the way.

2.

A: Can you tell Sally I won’t be here tomorrow?

B: OK. I ………..……… (tell) her if I ………………. (see) her.

3.

A: I think I’ll go out this evening.

B: Well, if you ………………. (take) the car, you need to put some petrol in it.

4.

A: This letter’s important. It must get there by tomorrow.

B: OK. If you ……………. (leave) it there, I ……………….. (post) it for you.

5.

A: What will you do on weekends?

B: Well, if the weather …………….. (be) fine, we …………….. (go) for a picnic.

6.

A: Have you heard about traffic jams in the cities?

B: Yes. It …………..….. (be) better if people …………..…… (travel) by public buses.

7. If you (not answer) ........................... all my questions, we can’t do anything to help you.

8. If Peter (not study) ............................... hard, he (not get) .............................. good marks.

VIII. Write sentences in the correct order.

1. glad/ able/ I / were/ am/ to/ come./ that/ you.

- ………………………………………………………..

2. everybody/ important./ feel/ It’s/ should/ that/ comfortable - ………………………………………………………..

3. she/ surprised/ am/ hasn’t/ I/ that/ phoned.

- ………………………………………………………..

4. We/ that/ never/ he/ were/ disappointed/ replied/ our letter./ to - ………………………………………………………..

5. you/ that/ worried/ was/ I/ back./ come/ wouldn’t - ………………………………………………………..

6. We/ have/ the/ worried/ were/ people/ spoiled/ that/ environment.

- ………………………………………………………..

7. amazed/ nobody/ hurt/ It/ was/ that/ in was/ the accident.

- ………………………………………………………..

8. annoyed/ I/ that/ really/ the party./ to/ been/ I was/ hadn’t/ invited - ………………………………………………………..

IX/ Fill in each blank with a suitable word from the list. “different, what, of, land, ago, in, because, write” About two hundred years ……………. (1) man lived ………………. (2) greater harmony with his environment …………………. (3) industry was not much developed. Today the situation is quite ………………. (4). People all over the world are worried about …..……………. (5) is happening to the environment, because ……………….. (6) modern industry and the need for more energy. Newspapers and magazines ……………. (7) about water pollution, air pollution and …………… (8) pollution.

X/ Rewrite the following sentences without changing meaning.

Eg1: We are excited that we are going to Da Lat. (Using because) -> We are excited because we are going to Da Lat. -> Because we are going to Dalat, we are excited.

Eg2: We are excited that we are going to Da Lat. (Using so) -> We are going to Dalat, so we are excited.

1. I’m pleased that you are working hard. (Using because) - …………………………….............................…………………………..

2. I’m disappointed that you didn’t phone me. (Using because) - …………………………….............................…………………………..

3. Miss Lien was amazed that Nga won the first prize. (Using so) - …………………………….............................…………………………..

4. We are disappointed that they have spoiled this area. (Using so) - …………………………….............................…………………………..

Eg3. Don’t throw trash onto the water or we won’t keep the water clean.

-> If we throw trash onto the water, we won’t keep the water clean.

By Nguyen Van Manh

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By Nguyen Van Manh

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“The harder you work -> The more successful you get”

-> If we don’t throw trash onto the water, we will keep the water clean.

1. Don’t use plastic bags or we won’t reduce garbage.

- …………………………….............................…………………………..

- …………………………….............................…………………………..

2. Use public buses or we won’t reduce exhaust fume.

- …………………………….............................…………………………..

- …………………………….............................…………………………..

3. Recycle bottles and cans or we won’t reduce garbage.

- …………………………….............................…………………………..

- …………………………….............................…………………………..

------------- The end -------------

UNIT 7: SAVING ENERGY A. Grammar: 1. Connectives: and, but, so, however, therefore 2. Phrasal verbs: - bật lên: ......................................

- trông nom: ...................................

- tắt đi: .....................................

- tiếp tục: ..................................

- tìm kiếm ....................................

- chăm sóc: ...................................

3. Make suggestions: - suggest + verb-ing: đề xuất việc gì đó (người nói có tham gia hành động và ở câu này chỉ có 1 chủ ngữ) Eg1: Tôi đề nghị hãy sử dụng lá chuối để gói thức ăn.

-> ....................................................................................................

- S1 + suggest (that) + S2 + (should) + V0 + ....: Đề nghị ai đó nên ...... (người nói ko tham gia hành động và câu có 2 chủ ngữ) Eg2: Tôi đề nghị các bạn nên đi học bằng xe đạp thay vì xe máy.

-> ....................................................................................................... * Các cấu trúc tương đương với “suggest” - What about + V-ing?

- How about + V-ing?

- Why don’t we + V0?

- Let’s + V0.

Eg3: I suggest going for a walk.

-> ..................................................................

B. Exercises: I. Match the word in column A to its definition or meaning in column B. - plumber: ……………………………

- energy: …………………………..

- solar: ……………………………….

- scheme: …………………………..

- innovation: …………………………

- conserve: …………………………

- enormous: …………………………..

- power: ……………………………

1. plumber 2. energy

a. the power from electricity, gas, coal, etc that is need to make things work.

By Nguyen Van Manh

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“The harder you work -> The more successful you get”

3. solar 4. scheme 5. innovation 6. conserve 7. enormous 8. turn off

b. a plan c. a person whose job is to fit and repair things like water pipes and baths. d. a new idea, method e. of or using the sun f. to prevent something from being changed, lost, or destroyed g. switch off h. very big or very large.

II. Fill in the blank space in each sentence with and, but, so, or, because, therefore, however.

1. There are some cracks in the pipes, …………… she gets a plumber check.

2. We keep our environment clean ………………… we want to live a healthier life.

3. Melissa tried to save water ……………….. her water bill was enormous.

4. We wrote a letter to the local authority. ……………….., catching fish hasn’t been stopped.

5. Drivers usually stop their trucks around my house ……………….. leave lots of garbage on the ground after their refreshment.

6. The river was polluted. …………………., we couldn’t go swimming.

7. The air is polluted …………….. there’s too much traffic.

8. She’s working late next Friday, …………………, she can’t come to the party.

III/ Rewrite the following sentences without changing meaning.

1. Let’s put garbage bins around the schoolyard to prevent lazy students from throwing trash? (suggest + verb-ing) - ......................................................................................................................................................

2. Why don’t we take a short rest ? (suggest + verb-ing) -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------3. What about buying energy-saving bulbs? (suggest that + S + should) -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------4. What about organizing a charity event to raise money. (suggest that + S + should) -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------5. Please use electricity economically. (suggest that + S + should) -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------6. Plastic bags are difficult to dissolve, so we should use tree leaves to wrap food. (since) -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------7. We put lots of garbage bins around school yard because we want to prevent lazy students from throwing trash. (so) -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------8. They don't behave themselves, so their parents are not happy about that. (adj- + that clause) - ............................................................................................................................

IV/ Combine each pair of sentences using “connectives”.

1) He travels by public buses. He wants to avoid traffic jams.

- ………………………………………………………………………….

2) He was intelligent. His father was worried about his performance.

- ………………………………………………………………………….

By Nguyen Van Manh

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“The harder you work -> The more successful you get”

“The harder you work -> The more successful you get”

3) It rained. We decided to postpone the picnic.

- ………………………………………………………………………….

4) We don’t throw trash onto water. We want to keep the water clean.

- ………………………………………………………………………….

5) She can’t speak French. She can’t write well.

- ………………………………………………………………………….

6) Both the driver. The passenger were injured in the accident.

- ………………………………………………………………………….

7) They use much pesticide on vegetables. The vegetables become poisonous.

- …………………………………………………………………………. *8) She uses shower to reduce the amount of water her family uses.

- ………………………………………………………………………….

V. Complete the sentence with a suitable phrasal verb given below. One word can be used for more than one sentence: look for/ look after/ turn on/ turn off/ go on/ throw away.

1. Who’s going to ……………………….. the children while you’re away?

2. “……………………….. the TV for me, will you? I want to watch the cartoon.

3. She’s ……………………… her keys everywhere.

4. ……………………… the radio. I’m working.

5. If we …………………. littering, the environment will become seriously polluted.

6. Don’t ………………… these newspapers ………………..

VI. Translate into English Ghi chú: sb = somebody: ai đó sth = something: thứ gì đó a) give sb advice on ...... cho ai lời khuyên về ......... b) look forward to doing sth: mong chờ việc gì đó c) throw sth away: vứt bỏ cái gì đó đi d) account for ... chiếm số lượng ........

1. Tôi đang thu gom các chai và long đồ uống để tái chế chúng. Bạn đã bỏ nó đi chưa?

- ............................................................................................................................................

2. Các nhà bảo tồn đã cho chúng tôi lời khuyên về cách để tiết kiệm năng lượng.

- ............................................................................................................................................

3. Làm ơn tắt nhạc đi. Nó quá ồn ào.

- ............................................................................................................................................

4. Tôi đề nghị hãy thay thế bóng đèn 100W bằng bóng đèn tiết kiệm năng lượng - ............................................................................................................................................

5. Đừng lo lắng về cháu bé. Tôi sẽ trông nom cháu trong khi anh chị vắng nhà.

- ............................................................................................................................................

6. Tôi đang rất nóng lòng chờ gặp cô ấy.

- ............................................................................................................................................

7. Các bóng điện thắp sáng của nhà tôi chiếm 15% hóa đơn tiền điện hàng tháng.

- ............................................................................................................................................

VII. Complete the sentence with the correct form of the word in brackets.

- innovate (v): …………………….

- effect (n): ………………………

- switch on/off = ………………..……

- fuel (n) ………………………

- alternative (a): ……………………..

- consume (v):……………………..

1. Electricity is a ………………….. of life. (need/ necessary/ necessity) 2. There are a lot of technological …………………..……. designed to save energy. (innovate/ innovative/ innovation) 4. We find advertising on television very ………………………. (effect/ effective/ effectively) 5. I switch the light off to save …………………. (electric/ electricity/ electronics) 6. Energy …………………… includes searching for alternative fuels. (conserve/ conservation) 7. Energy-saving bulbs help ……………… save money. (consume/ consumers/ consumption) VIII. Read the text then answer true or false - ancient (a): ………………………….

- discover (v): …………………………

- steam (n): ………………………….

- engine (n): ………………………….

- nuclear (n): ………………………….

- gasoline (n): …………………………

People use many sources of energy. Ancient people used only their arms, hands, and simple tools until they discovered fire. Later, people learned to use the energy of the wind to sail ships. Then they learned to use animals to do work. In the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, people began to use machines. The first machines used steam. They burned coal to heat water. The hot water turned into steam, and the steam engine did the work. Later, people began to use the gasoline engine, and today people are using nuclear energy.

Energy is one of the basic concepts, or ideas, of physics. It is the ability to do work.

Without energy we could live. We need energy to work, and scientists are always looking for new sources of energy.

1. None of the world’s energy comes from the sun. ………………

2. Wind, steam, and gasoline are sources of energy. ………………

3. People have never used nuclear energy. ………………

4. Energy is the ability to do work. ………………

5. We need new sources of energy. ………………

IX. Complete the second sentences so that it has a similar meaning to the first.

1. We couldn’t go swimming because the sea was too rough.

- ………………………………………………………………………… (Therefore) - ………………………………………………………………………… (so) 2. Plastic bags are very hard to dissolve, so we use banana leaves to wrap food.

- ………………………………………………………………………… (Therefore) - ………………………………………………………………………… (because) 3. “Why don’t you use energy-saving bulbs, Mr. Son.” Nam said (suggested + that + S + should .....)

- ……………………………………………………………………………………

------------- The end -------------

By Nguyen Van Manh

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UNIT 8: CELEBRATIONS A. Grammar: 1. Mệnh đề quan hệ xác định (Defining relative clause): Được sử dụng để làm rõ nghĩa cho

By Nguyen Van Manh

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“The harder you work -> The more successful you get”

“The harder you work -> The more successful you get”

danh từ đứng trước nó. Mệnh đề này không thể lược bỏ được, vì nếu không có nó câu sẽ không rõ nghĩa.

Eg: The city is very beautiful. I visited this city last summer.

-> …………………………………………………………………………………………………

Các đại từ quan hệ dùng trong mệnh đề quan hệ xác định: Danh từ chỉ người

Chủ ngữ

Tân ngữ

Sở hữu

Người

Who/ That

Who/ whom/ That

Whose

Vật

Which/ That

Which/ that

Whose/ of which

2. Mệnh đề quan hệ không xác định (Non-defining relative clause): Được sử dụng để cung cấp thêm thông tin cho từ đứng trước nó. Mệnh đề này có thể được lược bỏ (khi đó câu vẫn còn rõ nghĩa) và được tách khỏi mệnh đề chính bằng dấu phẩy. Chú ý không dùng “that” cho loại mệnh đề này.

Eg: Da Lat is very beautiful. I visited Da Lat last summer, -> …………………………………………………………………………………………………

Các đại từ quan hệ dùng trong mệnh đề quan hệ không xác định: Danh từ chỉ người

Chủ ngữ

Tân ngữ

Sở hữu

Người

Who

Who/ whom

Whose

Vật

Which

Which

Whose/ of which

Note: để biết khi nào dùng mệnh đề quan hệ không xác định, ta lưu ý các điểm sau: Khi danh từ mà nó bổ nghĩa là một danh từ riêng Khi danh từ mà nó bổ nghĩa là một tính từ sở hữu (my, his, her, their) Khi danh từ mà nó bổ nghĩa là một danh từ đi với this, that, these, those) * vị trí mđqh: đứng ngay sau từ mà nó cung cấp thông tin hoặc làm rõ nghĩa.

3. Mệnh đề trạng ngữ chỉ sự thừa nhận (Adverb clause of concession) Mệnh đề này bắt đầu bằng “Although/ Even though/ Though”: mặc dù Chú ý không sử dụng Although/ Even though/ Though và But trong cùng lúc.

Eg: - Although it rained heavily, but they arrived at the airport on time. (Sai) - Although it rained heavily, they arrived at the airport on time. (Đúng) Nếu mệnh đề trạng ngữ chỉ sự thừa nhận đứng sau thì không dung dấy phẩy.

Eg: They arrived at the airport on time although it rained heavily. * Cụm từ có ý nghĩa tương đương (In spite of/ Despite: bất chấp) nhưng khác nhau khi đặt câu.

Although/ Though/ Even though + mệnh đề In spite of/ Despite + danh từ/ cụm danh từ: Eg1: Although the weather was bad, we went on a holiday.

Despite the bad weather, we went on a holiday.

Eg2: Although Mrs. Hoa was tired, she helped Tuan with his home work.

Despite being tired, Mrs. Hoa helped Tuan with his home work.

Eg3: Although Liz has an exam tomorrow, she is watching TV. Despite having an exam tomorrow, Liz is watching TV. Chú ý: Nếu cả 2 mệnh đề cùng chủ ngữ thì đổi động từ về danh động từ (V-ing) như VD 2, 3.

By Nguyen Van Manh

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1. Tom will not pass the examination even though he studied well → Despite ……………………….………………………………………………………..

2. Despite not having enough money, we decided to hold a party → Though ……..…………………………………………..……………………………..

3. He took a lot of photographs even though the sky was dark → Despite ……………….………………………………………………………………..

4. Despite his hard life, he studied very well → Though……..…………………………………………………………………………..

5. In spite of living in poverty, they were always admired → Although ………………………………………………………………………………..

6. He passed the final examination even though he was frequently absent from class → In spite of ………………. ……………………………………………………………..

7. She is still fat even though she has been on a diet for 2 years → Despite …………………………………………………………………………………

8. Although she doesn’t earn much money, she spends like a millionaire → In spite of …….………………………………………………………………………...

B. Exercises: I. Prepositions.

- occur: xuất hiện vào, rơi vào - priority: sự ân cần, chu đáo - distinguish sb/ sth from ....... phân biệt ai/ ái gì khác với .....

- congratulate sb on .... chúc mừng ai nhân dịp .......

- to be proud of .... tự hào về ......

- take part in .... = participate in ..... tham gia vào Translate into English 1. Tết là 1 dịp lễ rơi vào thời điểm cuối tháng 1 hoặc đầu tháng 2.

- ............................................................................................................................................

2. Các thành viên gia đình sống ở xa đều cố gắng về đoàn viên vào dịp Tết.

- ............................................................................................................................................

3. Tôi chúc mừng bạn nhân dịp bạn qua được kỳ thi.

- ............................................................................................................................................

4. Đây là Lễ hội mà chúng tôi đã tham gia được 5 năm rồi.

- ............................................................................................................................................

5. Tôi rất tự hào về cha của tôi.

- ............................................................................................................................................

6. Tết là dịp lễ quan trọng nhất đối với người Việt Nam. - ............................................................................................................................................

7. Sự ân cần của cha tôi khiến cho ông khác với những người khác.

- ............................................................................................................................................

II/ Fill in the blanks with who, whom, which .

1) Do you know the people ........................... come from Israel?

2) The celebration ............................ I took part in was interesting.

3) The student ........................... you saw yesterday is an active student.

By Nguyen Van Manh

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“The harder you work -> The more successful you get”

4) That is the contest ......................... my sister won the first prize last week.

5) The parade ........................... we saw last night was colorful.

6) What’s the name of the girl …………..........… is wearing a white blouse?

7) I don’t like food ……...........… is very spicy.

8) Is there anything …….............… I can do?

9) We all thanked him ……...............… gave us a lot of help.

10) I enjoy reading the books ……................… tell about different cultures.

III/ Combine the sentences, using Relative pronouns . *1) Tom saw the clowns. He liked them very much.

- …………………………………………………………………………………

2) The sugar eggs are very good. We made them on Easter.

- …………………………………………………………………………………

3) The person lives next to me. You saw him last night.

- …………………………………………………………………………………

4) The boy was friendly. He was nominated in the charity program.

- …………………………………………………………………………………

5) This is the man. He gave me your address.

- …………………………………………………………………………………

6. A building has now been rebuilt. It was destroyed in the fire.

- …………………………………………………………………………………

7. A scientist has won the Nobel Prize. He discovered a new planet.

- …………………………………………………………………………………

8. A bomb caused a lot of damage. It went off this morning.

- …………………………………………………………………………………

9. A little girl has been found safe and well. She had been missing since Tuesday.

- …………………………………………………………………………………

10. A girl is now in hospital. She was injured in the accident.

- ………………………………………………………………………………… *IV / Supply the correct form of the words in parentheses 1. There are many _____________ throughout the year (celebrate) 2. He wants to ___________ his room (decoration) 3. Tet is a ___________ festival of the Vietnamese people (joy) 4. I’m very ___________ of my father (pride) 5. We often go to the town ___________ house (culture) 6. She isn’t happy with her ___________ for Tet (prepare) 7. Easter is a joyful festival which is ___________ in many countries in the world (celebration) 8. People crowded the streets on National Day to watch ___________ parade (color) V. Rewrite these sentences.

Chú ý: Although/Even though/ though + mệnh đề 1, Mệnh đề 2 = Mệnh đề 1, but + mệnh đề 2. và ngược lại.

1. He often tells lies, but many people believe him. (Although)

By Nguyen Van Manh

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“The harder you work -> The more successful you get”

……………………………………………………………………………………………

2. She wrote greeting cards to her dad on Father’s Day although her father was dead. (but) ……………………………………………………………………………………………

3. Although he is over 60, he doesn’t wear glasses. (but) ……………………………………………………………………………………………

4. It got dark, but they continued to work. (Even though) ……………………………………………………………………………………………

5. She kept on studying though it was noisy. (but) ……………………………………………………………………………………………

6. He is very strong, but I’m not afraid of him. (although) ……………………………………………………………………………………………

7. The plane took off. though the weather was bad. (but) ……………………………………………………………………………………………

8. He didn’t stop his car although the traffic lights turned red. (but) ……………………………………………………………………………………………

VI/ Combine each pair of sentences into one by using a suitable relative pronouns 1. The pupil is very poor. He gets the scholarship. → ……………………………………………………………………………………………..

2. The festival is called Easter. It is in late March or early April. → …………………………………………………………………………………………..

3. My teacher punished the pupil. That pupil was naughty. → …………………………………………………………………………………………..

4. He is the only person. He can solve this difficult problem. → …………………………………………………………………………………………..

5. The teacher can’t come to class today. He teaches us English. → …………………………………………………………………………………………..

6. This is the dictionary. I bought it at that bookstore. → …………………………………………………………………………………………..

4. Is this the book? You want me to read it. → ………………………………………………………………………………………….. *8. The girl has just gone out. Do you know her? → ………………………………………………………………………………………….. * IV/ Rewrite the following sentences so that it has the same meaning as the first one In spite of = despite + danh từ: bất chấp Eg1: Although the weather was bad, we went on a holiday.

Despite the bad weather, we went on a holiday.

Eg2: Although Mrs. Hoa was tired, she helped Tuan with his home work.

Despite being tired, Mrs. Hoa helped Tuan with his home work.

Eg3: Although Liz has an exam tomorrow, she is watching TV. Despite having an exam tomorrow, Liz is watching TV. Chú ý: Nếu cả 2 mệnh đề cùng chủ ngữ thì đổi động từ về danh động từ (V-ing) như VD 2, 3.

1. Tom will not pass the examination even though he studied well

By Nguyen Van Manh

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“The harder you work -> The more successful you get”

→ Despite ……………………….………………………………………………………..

2. Despite not having enough money, we decided to hold a party → Though ……..…………………………………………..……………………………..

3. He took a lot of photographs even though the sky was dark → Despite ……………….………………………………………………………………..

4. Despite his hard life, he studied very well → Though……..…………………………………………………………………………..

5. In spite of living in poverty, they were always admired → Although ………………………………………………………………………………..

6. He passed the final examination even though he was frequently absent from class → In spite of ………………. ……………………………………………………………..

7. She is still fat even though she has been on a diet for 2 years → Despite …………………………………………………………………………………

8. Although she doesn’t earn much money, she spends like a millionaire → In spite of …….………………………………………………………………………...

--- THE END ---

UNIT 9: NATURAL DISASTER A. Grammar:

Ôn lại

- Relative pronouns (các đại từ quan hệ) - Relative clauses (Các mệnh đề quan hệ) Một số lưu ý thêm về mệnh đề quan hệ: 1. đại từ quan hệ có thể được lược bỏ khi nó làm tân ngữ ở mệnh đề quan hệ xác định.

Eg1: I like the diamond ring. Mary is wearing it.

-> ..............................................................................................

-> ..............................................................................................

2. Các trường hợp phải dung đại từ quan hệ “that” - Sau một danh từ hỗn hợp.

Eg: We can see a lot of people and cattle. They are going to the field.

-> .......................................................................................................................

- Sau cấp so sánh hơn nhất và số thứ tự.

Eg: Paris is the finest city. I have ever visited this city.

-> .....................................................................................................................

- Sau các đại từ bất định. (every ....; any .....; no ....; all ....)

Eg: You must answer all the questions. I asked you these questions.

-> .....................................................................................................................

- Đại từ quan hệ that không đứng sau dấy phẩy, do vậy nó không bao giờ dùng trong mệnh đề quan hệ không xác định (non-defining relative clause)

B. Exercises I. Choose the word in each group that has the underlined part pronounced differently from the rest.

By Nguyen Van Manh

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“The harder you work -> The more successful you get”

1.

A. temperature B. typhoon B. forecast 2.

A. border 3.

A. volume B. trust 4.

A. slavery B. highland 5.

A. abrupt B. Pacific 6.

A. behave B. Passover 7.

A. battery B. damage 8.

A. Celsius B. expect II. Fill in the gap with a word from the box.

New words: - collapse: ………………………..

- grind/ ground(v2/v3): ……………………

- shaky: …………………………..

C. congratulate C. thunderstorm C. funnel C. decorate C. delta C. destroy C. volcano C. extensive

D. tidal D. discover D. erupt D. nominate D. behavior D. erupt D. collapse D. predict

- funnel: ……………………………

- foundation: ……………………….

- serious: …………………………..

collapse – temperature – expect – forecast – funnel – damage 1. When you’ve ground the coffee, use a …………..…… to pour it into the jar.

2. The ………………. said that there’s a possibility of snow tonight.

3. The building’s foundations are rather shaky, and it could ……………… at any time.

4. Strong winds had caused serious ……………… to the roof.

5. There has been a sudden rise in ……………… over the past few days.

6. We are going to the mountains, so we ………………….. good weather this weekend.

III. Fill in each blanks with a correct relative pronoun (who/ whom/ which). Add comma(s) if it is necessary.

1. Last week we went to Hue…………………. is the ancient capital of Viet Nam. 2. The woman ………………….. lives next door to us is a weathercaster on a local TV station 3. The shoes ………………. I bought were made in Italy.

1. What’s the name of the lady ………………… was wearing the gold dress.

2. Ha Long Bay …………… consists of hundreds of beautiful islands, is the world’s heritage.

3. Jack London ………………… wrote “The Call of the Wild”, is a famous American writer.

7. The car ………………….. won the race looked very futuristic.

8. I thought I recognized the assistant ………………….. served us.

9. This morning I met somebody ………………… I haven’t seen for ages.

10. The boy .............................. Mary is talking to is my brother.

IV/ Read the following passage and do the exercise below it.

- inhabitant: ………………………….

- shake: ………………………..

- spread: ……………………………..

- fire struck: ……………………

- crowded: …………………………

- as a result: …………………….

- collapse: ………………………….

- struck: …………………………

Almost a hundred thousand people were killed and half a million homes burnt to the ground because of an earthquake in Tokyo in 1923. The earthquake began a minute before noon when the inhabitants of Tokyo were cooking their midday meals. All the food and stoves fell onto the ground as soon as the earth began to shake. For this reason, small fires occurred and quickly spread. The fires trucks came to help 10 minutes late because many of the street

By Nguyen Van Manh

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“The harder you work -> The more successful you get”

were too crowded then. As a result, more people were killed in the fires than by the collapse of buildings. * Write T of F for each statement.

1) Half a million homes were completely destroyed.

2) The earthquake struck the city of Tokyo at 12a.m.

3) The fire trucks arrived soon enough to fight the fires.

4) The collapse of buildings killed one hundred thousand people.

V. Correct the errors in adjective clause structures.

1. I enjoy the book that you told me to read it. ......................................

2. Phong still remembers the man who he taught him to play the guitar when he was a boy. ........................................

3. I don’t like to spend time with people which lose their tempers easily. ............................

4. We don’t forget the typhoon which it swept through our village five years ago. ....................

5. One of the people which I admire most is my aunt. .........................................

6. Football is the only sport which I am interested in. ..............................................

7. Mr. Ba has some good advice for anyone they wants to learn a second language. ..............................................

8. Students are living on campus are close to their classrooms and the library. ..........................

9. Uncle Ho was born in Lang Sen that is a small village in Nam Dan, Nghe An. .....................

VI. Fill in the blank with one suitable preposition.

1. The music is too loud. Could you turn ……………. a little?

2. They read the news …………….. the Internet.

3. Ha Noi will have temperatures ……………… 230C and 270C. 4. You shouldn’t laugh ……………… the disabled.

5. The earthquake …………… Kobe ………… 1995 killed a large number of people.

6. A tornado looks …………….. a funnel.

7. Tornado can suck ……………. anything that is …………. their part.

8. I agree ………….. my mother about most things.

9. Tomorrow it will be cloudy ……………. the day.

10. Ho Chi Minh City and areas ………........... the south will be sunny. *VII. Fill in the blank space with the correct from of the words in parentheses: 1- ....................... waves are one of the great forces of nature. (tide) 2- Today .............................. can predict when a tidal wave will hit land. (science) 3- If we want to look after the environment, we should protect .................. rainforests. (tropic) 4- We had left the city ..................................... before tidal waves came. (safe) 5- Thousands of people have been made ................................ by the flooding. (home) 6- Thunder makes me .................................(terrify) 7- HCM City can .............................. thunderstorms someday. (expectation) 8- The ................................ of the volcanoes is always disastrous. (erupt) 9. Tsunamis, earthquakes and typhoons are ……………………… disasters. (nature) 10. Our ……………………. turns out to be correct. (predict)

By Nguyen Van Manh

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“The harder you work -> The more successful you get”

VIII. Combine each pair of sentences with who, whom, which. Put the comma(s) where necessary.

1. The weatherman is saying on TV. He lives next door.

- .................................................................................................................................................. *2. Natalie is very clever. She is a friend of Emma.

- ..................................................................................................................................................

3. We found a safe shelter. Ann recommended it to us.

- ..................................................................................................................................................

4. The tidal wave was too huge. It hit Anchorage in the 1960s.

- ..................................................................................................................................................

5. John is one of my closest friends. I’ve known him for a very long time.

- ..................................................................................................................................................

6. The man is a computer expert. You were talking to him.

- ..................................................................................................................................................

7. A typhoon will come next three days. It can reach 120 km per hour.

- ..................................................................................................................................................

8. Alex never trusts weather forecast. He likes watching weather forecast.

- ..................................................................................................................................................

9. This morning I saw a tornado. I hadn’t seen it for ages.

- ..................................................................................................................................................

10. The eruption was from Mount Pinatubo. It happened this morning.

- ..................................................................................................................................................

--- THE END ---

UNIT 10: LIFE ON OTHER PLANNETS A. GRAMMAR: 1. Modals: May/ Might Được dùng để đưa ra dự báo về khả năng có thể xảy ra hoặc dự đoán về một sự vật, sự việc nào đó.

Eg1: Chiều nay có khả năng mưa.

-> .......................................................................................................

2. Conditional sentences type 1, type 2 a. Type 1: If + S1 + V(hiện tại) + …., S2 + will/ can/ … + V0 + …

- Ý nghĩa: Diễn tả điều kiện có thật có thể xảy ra ở hiện tại cũng như tương lai.

Eg2: Nếu các bạn học tập chăm chỉ, các bạn sẽ đạt điểm cao.

-> ................................................................................................................. b. Type 2: If S1 + V(quá khứ) + ….., S2 + would/ could …. + V0 + …

- ý nghĩa: Diễn tả điều kiện trái ngược với sự thật ở hiện tại và ko thể xảy ra ở hiện tại cũng như tương lai.

Eg3: Một số bạn ko sử dụng Tiếng Anh hàng ngày nên các bạn ấy không thể nói được Tiếng Anh. Nếu họ sử dụng Tiếng Anh hàng ngày thì họ có thể giao tiếp với người nước ngoài dễ dàng.

By Nguyen Van Manh

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“The harder you work -> The more successful you get”

-> ................................................................................................................................. c. chú ý trường hợp đặc biệt Unless = If not: Nếu không ...... thì Eg: If you don’t water vegetables every day, it will die.

-> Unless ..................................................................................................

- động từ trong mệnh đề “unless” bao giờ cũng dùng dạng khẳng định.

B. EXERCISES: I/ Match each word in the column B with its definition in the column A. A B 1. Creatures from other planets. a) sociable: …………………..

2. People who travel in a spacecraft. b) gas station: ……………………

3. People who show their feeling easily. c) emotional: …………………….

4. A place where people can get fuel. d) astronauts: …………………….

5. A person who enjoys being with other people. e) aliens: …………………………. * Keys: 1. ………. 2. …….… 3. ….…… 4. ….…… 5. …………

II/ Fill in each space with an appropriate word from the list.

- precious: ……………………..

- evidence: ………………………

- creatures: …………………….

- existed: …………………………

- viewpoint: ……………………

- object: …………………………..

- samples: ………………………

- jump: ………………………...

1) Scientists use some ……………………. of soil to study the region.

2) Tell me your ……………….. on this matter.

3) There is an …………………. of life here three thousand years ago.

4) Do you believe that UFOs really …………………… in the world ?

5) It’s easy to …………………….…. very high on the moon.

6) Diamond is a……………….. kind of stone.

7) Blue whales are the largest ………………… ever to have lived.

8) Look, there’s a strange ………………. in the sky.

III/ Fill in the blank with one suitable preposition.

1. Have you ever heard ……………..…. UFOs? 2. The satellite will remain ……………… orbit for several years.

3. A pilot reported that he saw nine large round objects traveling …………….. about 2,800 meters an hour.

4. Once you get ……………. the space trip, you will be in a different world.

5. The first man walked ………………. the moon …………….. 21 July 1969.

6. Do you want to take a trip …………….. Mars?

7. The airplane had 125 passengers and crew …………….. board.

IV/ Write a sentence with if … for each situation. Use a type 1 conditional (if+ the present tense + will/ can).

1. Rachel might fail her driving test. But she can take it again.

- ..................................................................................................................................................

2. The office may be closed. In that case Mark won’t be able to get in.

By Nguyen Van Manh

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“The harder you work -> The more successful you get”

- ..................................................................................................................................................

3. The children mustn’t go near Nick’s dog. It’ll bite them.

- ..................................................................................................................................................

4. Nick and Martha may arrive a bit early. If they do, they can help Tom to get things ready.

- ..................................................................................................................................................

5. The party might go on all night. If it does, no one will want to do any work tomorrow.

- ..................................................................................................................................................

6. Emma may miss the train. But she can get the next one.

- ..................................................................................................................................................

V. Write a sentence with if … for each situation. Use a type 2 conditional (if+ the past tense + would/ could).

1. I’m not rich, so I won’t be able to take a space trip. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….………….

2. We don’t visit you very often because you live so far away. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….………….

3. Sandra can’t take a photo because she doesn’t have her camera. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….………….

4. She buys a lot of clothes, so she has no money. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….………….

5. I have to work tomorrow evening, so I can’t meet you. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….………….

6. It’s raining, so we can’t have lunch in the garden. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….………….

VI/ Supply the correct verb form.

1) You would feel better if you ……………….. a short rest. (take) 2) What …………………. if the moon disappeared ? (happen) 3) If I ………………….. an alien, I would shake his hand. (see) 4) If we have a trip to space, we ………………….. the Earth 16 times a day. (orbit) 5) If you were on board now, you ………………….. extremely marvelous things. (experience) 6) If you ……………… (find) a wallet on the street, what would you do with it?

7) I ………………….. (help) you if I could, but I’m afraid I can’t.

8) I must hurry. My friend ………………. (be) annoyed if I ……………… (not be) on time.

9) If I were you, I …………………. (not wait). I …………………. (go) right now.

10) If the phone …………………. (ring), can you answer it?

VII/ Finish the second sentence so that it has the same meaning as the first.

1. I’m not a doctor, so I can’t help you.

If ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------2. He is very poor, so he can’t send his children to school.

If ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------3. Be quiet, or you will not understand the lesson.

If ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------4. Don’t be impatient, or you will make regrettable mistakes.

By Nguyen Van Manh

- 50 -

“The harder you work -> The more successful you get”

“The harder you work -> The more successful you get”

If ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------5. Nick can’t find the way because he does not have a map.

Nick ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------6. Perhaps it will rain tomorrow.

It ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------VIII/ Read the passage carefully and write T or F for each statement. (2, 5ms ) An unidentified flying object or a U.F.O is the name we give to something strange in the sky that we don’t recognize. For thousands of years there have been stories about strange objects in the sky. Until recently, however, nobody believed these stories. Some of them sounded just too crazy to be true. If you reported seeing a “ flying saucer ” or something like that, most people thought you are imagining things. Recently, however, there have been many more reports of U.F.O sightings. Many of these objects, too, have been seen by more than one person, so it is not easy to laugh at them. Occasionally photographs have been taken which show that there was something there. But what was it? There is still such lot we don’t understand about the world we live in.

1) A U.F.0 is a short name for an unidentified flying object.

2) There have been stories about strange objects in the sky for thousands of years 3) Until recently, most people believed in the existence of U.F.Os. 4) Photographs are not evidence for U.F.O appearance.

5) There is much that has been explained clearly about our world.

----------- The end -----------

PHỤ LỤC 2

PHỤ LỤC 1 QUY TẮC THÊM “-S/ -ING/ -ED/ -LY” 1. quy tắc thêm “-s”: - các từ kết thúc: phụ âm + y => ies.

Eg: carry -> carries - các từ kết thúc: “o, s, ss, z, ch, x, sh” thêm “-es” vào sau. Eg: wash -> washes 2. quy tắc thêm “-ing”: - Các từ 1 âm tiết kết thúc bằng 1 nguyên âm + 1 phụ âm -> gấp đôi phụ âm cuối rồi thêm “ing”. Eg: stop -> stopping - Các từ kết thúc 1 chữ “e” thì bỏ đi rồi thêm “-ing”. Eg: come -> coming - Các từ kết thúc “ie” thì bỏ “e” và đổi “i” -> “y”.

Eg: lie -> lying 3. Quy tắc thêm “-ed” - các từ kết thúc: phụ âm + y => ied.

Eg: carry -> carried - Các từ kết thúc chữ “e” chỉ việc thêm “-d”.

Eg: live -> lived; agree -> agreed - Các từ 1 âm tiết kết thúc bằng 1 nguyên âm + 1 phụ âm -> gấp đôi phụ âm cuối rồi thêm “ed” ngoại trừ các từ tận cùng là “y, h, w, x”.

Eg: stop -> stopping 4. Cách thêm “-ly” - phụ âm + y => ily Eg: happy -> happily - tận cùng là –le => ly Eg : possible -> possibly --- THE END ---

By Nguyen Van Manh

- 51 -

IRREGULAR VERBS (MỘT SỐ ĐỘNG TỪ BẤT QUY TẮC) 1.

be

was/were

Been

thì, là, bị. ở

2.

bear

Bore

Borne

Sinh ra

3.

become

became

Become

trở nên

4.

begin

began

Begun

bắt đầu

5.

bleed

Bled

Bled

chảy máu

6.

blow

Blew

Blown

thổi

7.

break

broke

Broken

đập vỡ

8.

bring

brought

Brought

mang đến

9.

build

built

built

xây dựng

10.

burn

burnt/burned

burnt/burned

đốt, cháy

11.

buy

bought

bought

Mua

12.

catch

caught

caught

bắt, chụp

13.

choose

chose

chosen

chọn, lựa

14.

come

came

come

đến, đi đến

15.

cost

Cost

cost

có giá là

16.

cut

Cut

cut

cắt, chặt

17.

dream

dreamt

dreamt

mơ thấy

18.

drink

drank

drunk

uống

19.

drive

drove

driven

lái xe

20.

eat

Ate

eaten

Ăn

21.

fall

Fell

fallen

ngã; rơi

22.

feed

Fed

fed

cho ăn; ăn; nuôi;

23.

feel

Felt

felt

cảm thấy

24.

find

found

found

tìm thấy; thấy

25.

fly

Flew

flown

Bay

26.

forget

forgot

forgotten

Quên

By Nguyen Van Manh

- 52 -

“The harder you work -> The more successful you get”

“The harder you work -> The more successful you get”

27.

get

Got

got/ gotten

có được

55.

run

Ran

run

chạy

28.

give

Gave

given

Cho

56.

say

Said

said

Nói

29.

go

went

gone

Đi

57.

see

Saw

seen

nhìn thấy

30.

grow

Grew

grown

mọc; trồng

58.

sell

Sold

sold

Bán

31.

hang

hung

hung

móc lên; treo lên

59.

send

Sent

sent

gửi

32.

hear

heard

heard

Nghe

60.

shoot

Shot

shot

bắn

33.

hide

Hid

hidden

giấu; trốn; nấp

61.

show

showed

shown/ showed

cho xem

34.

hit

Hit

hit

đụng

62.

sing

Sang

sung

ca hát

35.

hurt

Hurt

hurt

làm đau

63.

sink

Sank

sunk

chìm; lặn

36.

keep

kept

kept

giữ

64.

sit

Sat

sat

ngồi

37.

know

Knew

known

biết; quen biết

65.

sleep

slept

slept

ngủ

38.

lay

Laid

laid

đặt; để

66.

speak

spoke

spoken

Nói

39.

learn

learnt/ learned

learnt/ learned

học; được biết

67.

spend

spent

spent

tiêu sài

40.

leave

Left

left

ra đi; để lại

68.

stand

stood

stood

đứng

41.

lend

Lent

lent

cho mượn (vay)

69.

steal

Stole

stolen

đánh cắp

42.

let

Let

let

cho phép; để cho

70.

sweep

swept

swept

Quét

43.

lie

Lay

lain

nằm

71.

swim

swam

swum

bơi; lội

44.

light

lit/ lighted

lit/ lighted

thắp sáng

72.

take

Took

taken

cầm ; lấy

45.

lose

Lost

lost

làm mất; mất

73.

teach

taught

taught

dạy ; giảng dạy

46.

make

made

made

chế tạo; sản xuất

74.

tear

Tore

torn

xé; rách

47.

mean

meant

meant

có nghĩa là

75.

tell

Told

told

kể ; bảo

48.

meet

Met

met

gặp mặt

76.

think

thought

thought

suy nghĩ

49.

pay

Paid

paid

trả (tiền)

77.

throw

threw

thrown

ném ; liệng

50.

put

Put

put

đặt; để

78.

wear

wore

worn

mặc

51.

read

Read

read

đọc

79.

win

Won

won

chiến thắng

52.

ride

Rode

ridden

cưỡi

80.

write

wrote

written

viết

53.

ring

Rang

rung

rung chuông

54.

rise

Rose

risen

đứng dậy; mọc

By Nguyen Van Manh

- 53 -

--- THE END ---

By Nguyen Van Manh

- 54 -

“The harder you work -> The more successful you get”

“The harder you work -> The more successful you get”

PHẦN II: ĐÁP ÁN PRONUNCIATION PRACTICE TEST

1. A. comprised 2. A. divided 3. A. failed 4. A. invited 5. A. removed 6. A. looked 7. A. wanted 8. A. laughed 9. A. believed 10. A. lifted 11. A. schools 12. A. knives 13. A. buses 14. A. garages 15. A. ships 16. A. beliefs 17. A. books 18. A. houses 19. A. roofs 20. A. hats 21. A. heavy 22. A. honor 23. A. honest 24. A. chopstick 25. A. watch 26. A. chemistry 27. A. exchange

B. corresponded B. impressed B. reached B. attended B. washed B. laughed B. parked B. passed B. prepared B. lasted B. yards B. trees B. horses B. boats B. roads B. cups B. days B. knives B. banks B. tables B. honor B. hour B. horse B. choose B. mechanic B. kitchen B. chance

C. depended C. noticed C. absorbed C. celebrated C. hoped C. moved C. stopped C. suggested C. involved C. happened C. labs C. classes C. causes C. bikes C. streets C. plates C. songs C. clauses C. hills C. tests C. house C. honest C. hour C. scheme C. children C. watch C. reach

D. separated D. placed D. solved D. displayed D. missed D. stepped D. watched D. placed D. liked D. decided D. seats D. agrees D. ties D. roofs D. speaks D. apples D. erasers D. changes D. bats D. desks D. heat D. hope D. vehicle D. champion D. channel D. champion D. toothache

--- The end ---

TOPIC 1: A VISIT FROM A PEN PAL PRACTICE EXERCISES I. Use the Past form of the verbs 1. Yesterday, Lan (receive) received a letter from Maryam.

2. When we (arrive) arrived at the mosque, the place (be) was full.

3. I (not visit) didn’t visit the Temple of Literature last Sunday.

4. Did She (have) have a long vacation in Kuala Lumpur last year?

5. When did you (return) return home last night? - I (return) returned home at 9 pm.

6. Yesterday, I (meet) met my old friend and we (talk) talked about famous places in the world.

7. We didn’t want (not want) to go to the cinema last night because of the rain.

By Nguyen Van Manh

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8. Why did you return (return) the books to the library before the due date?

9. Last summer I visited Ngoc Son Temple in Ha Noi. (visit) 10. My parents were very tired after the trip. (be) 11. Trung took a lot of photos during the trip. (take) 12. They introduced me to every one at the party and they look friendly. (introduce) 13. Paul returned to Liverpool yesterday. (return) 14. We thought the food was delicious.(think) 14. We (drive) drove around the parking lot for 20 mins to find a parking space.

15. Jane mentioned (mention) my email last night because of her computer breakdown.

II. Give the correct form of the verbs 1. I wish he (be) were here now.

2. She wishes you (feel) felt better.

3. I wish that you (be) had been here yesterday.

4. I wish he (finish) would finish his work tonight.

5. They wish we (wait) waited for them.

6. I wish you (write) wrote to me.

7. I wish you (leave) had left earlier yesterday.

8. We wish they (come) had come with us last weekend.

9. They wish he (come) would come with them the next day.

10. They wish we (give) had given them some food yesterday.

11. We wish you (arrive) had arrived yesterday.

12. I wish I (not lose) didn’t lost the answers.

13. You wish you (know) had known what to do last year.

14. I wish that he (visit) would visit us next year.

15. She wishes that she (be) were at home now.

16. I wish I (hear) heard the news.

17. You wish that he (help) had helped you last week.

18. I wish I (find) found the subject more interesting.

19. He wishes he (show) showed us the book.

20. The boy wishes that he (win) could win the competition the next day.

III. Write sentences beginning I wish …….

1. I don’t know many people in the town.

- I wish I knew many people in the town. *2. It would be necessary to speak English.

- I wish I could speak English. *3. It’s a pity I didn’t invite Joko to our class meeting.

- I wish I had invited Joko to our class meeting. *4. Anne isn’t here and I need to see her.

- I wish Anne were here.

5. Unfortunately, I have to leave Tokyo tomorrow.

- I wish I wouldn’t have to leave Tokyo. *6. Don’t shout all the time. It’s so annoying.

- I wish you didn’t shout all the time. *7. I don’t like being so short.

- I wish I were taller.

8. I’m sorry I can’t enjoy the peaceful atmosphere there.

- I wish I could enjoy the peaceful atmostphere here.

9. I’d like to get access to the Internet, but I don’t have a computer.

By Nguyen Van Manh

- 56 -

“The harder you work -> The more successful you get”

- I wish I had a computer. *10. It’s a pity the weather weren’t better yesterday.

- I wish the weather had been better yesterday.

IV. Complete the sentences with the verbs in the box. corresponded, impress, prayed, comprises, divided, depends, separated, enjoys 1. The living accommodation comprises three bedrooms, a kitchen, and a bathroom.

2. We’ve corresponded with each other for ten years, but I’ve never actually met him.

3. The children were divided into three groups.

4. They prayed for the dying man.

5. The sights of the city always impress foreign tourists.

6. She was separated from her mother when she was there.

7. Our country enjoys tropical climate.

8. Their future depends on how well they do in school. * V. Use the correct form of the word given to complete each sentence.

1. First impression about Ha Noi is the beauty of the city. (impress) 2. I enjoy working there, everyone is so friendly (friend) 3. We like their friendliness. (friend).

4. The friendship between Vietnam and China is good. (friend) 5. Some people have no religious beliefs. (religion) 6. By the age of eighteen he was completely independent of his parents. (depend) 7. English and French are Canada’s official languages. (office) 8. America’s industrial production fell for the fourth successive month. (industry) 9. Many parents opposed the division of the classes into different sets. (divide) 10. School uniform is the compulsory regulation for some school (compel) 11. There will be a meeting in this street. (meet) 12. The garden is beautiful with trees and flowers. (beauty) 13. They enjoy the peaceful atmosphere here. (peace) 14. The national anthem of Viet Nam is sung. (nation) 15. There is an international match between Vietnam and Lebanon on VTV3. (nation).

VI. Fill in each blank with the correct preposition.

9. How long is she planning to stay with you?

10. We haven’t seen Jane for age.

11. I walked pass several hotels on my way to the gas station.

12. The young birds depend on their parents for food.

13. This job is a lot different from what I’m used to.

14. Most students are interested in sports.

15. The teacher divided the class into five groups.

16. His breakfast consists of dry bread and a cup of tea. *VII. Write the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the first. Use the word in brackets.

1. There were lights on the spacecraft. (had) - The spacecraft had lights on it.

2. It isn’t true that I made a mistake. (didn’t) - I didn’t make any mistake.

3. No one told me about the change of the plan. (know)

By Nguyen Van Manh

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“The harder you work -> The more successful you get”

- I didn’t know about the change of the plan.

4. My friend was the winner of the competition. (won) - My friend won the competition.

5. Is it a fact that the Romans built this wall? (did) - Did the Roman build this wall?

6. Our trip to Africa was in October. (We) - We will travel to Africa in October.

7. He failed in the examination last year.

- He did not pass the examination last year.

8. I started work for the company a year ago.

- I’ve worked for the company a year ago.

VIII. Read the passage, then decide whether the following statements are True/ False Canada is the world’s second largest country. Its population is not very large, however.

About 25 million people live in Canada – less than half the population of Britain or France and only one thirtieth of the population of India. Canada is in North America and its capital is Ottawa. It is a rich country with a lot of natural resources. In southern Canada the land is very good for farming and Canada exports a lot of wheat. In the north there are magnificent forests.

In the west there are some very high mountains called the Rockies. Canada also has many minerals such as petroleum, gas, copper and zinc. Canada was first settled by French pioneers.

In the eighteenth century there were wars between Britain and French, and Canada came under British rule. Since 1931 Canada has been an independent member of the British Commonwealth. English and French are both official language in Canada.

1. Canada is a densely populated country.

2. Canada is in the north of the USA.

False True

3. Canada is a countgry rich in natural resources.

True

4. Canada isn’t the world’s leading exporter of wheat. False 5. Canada is a former Brishtish colony.

6. Two official languages are spoken in Canada.

True True

* IX. Complete this letter to your pen pal, using the cues given.

- I/ just/ return/ four-day trip/ Da Lat/ my parents.

- the trip/ be/ very interesting, and I/ be/ eager/ to tell you about it.

- We/ stay/ mini hotel/ Xuan Huong lake.

- Walk/ around the lake/ enjoy/ the fresh cool air, we/ feel/ very comfortable.

- We also/ visit/ a lot of famous places/ such/ Prenn waterfall/ Cam ly waterfall/ Lake of Sights/ Bao Dai Palaces/ Da Lat flower Park.

- the weather/ be/ rather cold/ night, but it/ be/ very cool/ during the day.

- we/ enjoy/ ourselves so much.

- write/ me soon.

Dear Anne, I have just returned from the four-day trip to Da Lat with my parents. The trip was very interesting, and I’m eager to tell you about it.

We stayed in a mini hotel near Xuan Huong Lake. Walking around the lake and enjoying the fresh cool air, we felt very comfortable. We also visited a lot of famous places, such as Prenne Waterfall, Cam Ly waterfall, Lake of Sighs,Bao Dai places, Da Lat flower Park,

By Nguyen Van Manh

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“The harder you work -> The more successful you get”

etc. The weather was rather cold at night, but It was very cool during the day. We really enjoyed ourselves so much.

Write to me soon.

With love, ------------ The end ------------

TOPIC 2: CLOTHING B/ Exercises: I. Put the verbs in present perfect.

1. Laura has never worn (never wear) modern clothing at work.

2. I haven’t added (not add) these pattern to the ao dai yet.

3. Have you worn (wear) a unique dress recently ?

4. The sale of jean has grown up (grow up) since 1980.

5. We have already printed (already print) the lines of poetry on the ao dai.

6. My boy friend has designed (design) this traditional dress for 2 months.

7. She hasn’t visited (not/visit) her village for a long time.

8. Have you ever been (you ever be) to New York?

9. He has been (be) at his computer for seven hours.

10. How long have poets and writers mentioned (mention) the ao dai in poems and novels?

II. Chuyển các câu sau sang bị động: Hiện tại đơn – Present simple: 1. He does his exercise every afternoon.

- His exercise is done every afternoon.

2. Somebody calls me every day.

- I am called every day by someone.

3. Does Sam clean the floor twice a day?

- Is the floor cleaned twice a day by Sam. 4. They don’t sell this house.

- This house isn’t sold.

5. William sometimes writes a letter to his pen pal.

- A letter is sometimes written to his penpal.

Quá khứ đơn – past simple: 1. Last year Mrs. Nina taught me both English and Science.

- I was taught both Ennglish and Science by Mrs. Nina.

2. She didn’t break my laptop.

- My labtop wasn’t broken.

3. I sent my children to summer camp.

- My children were sent to summer course.

4. Did the secretary finish the report last night?

- Was the report finished last night by the secretary?

5. When did he lose his newspapers?

- When were his newspapers lost?

Hiện tại tiếp diễn - Present progressive: 1. She is cleaning the windows now.

- The windows are being cleaned now 2. Is Nina taking some photos of our class?

- Are some photos of our class being taken by Nina?

3. Sam isn’t learning English at the moment.

By Nguyen Van Manh

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“The harder you work -> The more successful you get”

- English isn’t being learned at the moment.

4. Where are they writing the report?

- Where is the report being written?

5. We are reading novels right now.

- Novels are being read now.

Quá khứ tiếp diễn – Past progressive 1. I was reading books at 7 o’clock yesterday morning.

- Books were being read at 7 o’clock yesterday morning.

2. They were discussing about a TV program at 9 o’clock last night.

- A TV program was being discussed about at 9 o’clock last night.

3. Was Nina singing a song when you came?

- Was a song being sung when you came?

4. While Ms. Nina was cleaning the house, she hurt her back.

- While the house was being cleaned, she hurt her back.

5. They weren’t decorating their house when you phoned.

- Their house wasn’t being decorated when you came.

Hiện tại hoàn thành – Present perfect: 1. Tom has seen this film before.

- This film has been seen before.

2. Nina hasn’t read the newspaper yet.

- The newspaper hasn’t been read yet.

3. Have you ever eaten seafood?

- Has seafood been eaten by you?

4. I have already signed the contract.

- The contract has already been signed.

5. These men have just bought the tickets.

- The tickets have just been bought by these men.

Bị động với động từ khiếm khuyết (modal verbs) 1. We must wash this kind of cloth in warm water only.

- This kind of cloth must be washed in warm water only.

2. They explained to him how they should operate the machine.

- They explained to him how the machine should be operated.

3. We should see children and not hear them.

- Children should be seen and not hear them.

4. They won’t inform you of the result of your exam by letter.

- You won’t be informed of the the result of your exam by letter 5. When will they open the shop - this year or next?

- When will the shop be opened – this year or next.

Passive form of tenses.

1. Should they help Jane with the sewing?

- Should Jane be helped with sewing?

2. The mechanic is repairing Judy’s car.

- Judy’s car is being repaired by the mechanic.

3. Must we finish the test before ten?

- Must the test be finished before ten?

4. They use a computer to do that job nowadays.

- A computer is used to do that job nowadays.

5. Employers must pay all travel expenses for this training course.

- All travel expenses must be paid for this training course.

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6. Did her story take them in?

- Was he taken in by her story?

7. The bank manager kept me for half an hour.

- I was kept for half an hour by the bank manager.

8. Has he spelt this word wrongly?

- Has this word been spelt wrongly?

9. All his friends will see him off at the airport.

- He will be seen off at the airport by all his friends.

10. They used to drink beer for breakfast in England years ago.

- Beer used to be drunk for breakfast in England years before.

11. Someone might have sent the letter to the wrong address.

- The letter might be sent to the wrong address by someone.

12. They were cleaning the floor when I arrived.

- The floor was being cleaned when I arrived.

13. They are digging the hole on the wrong side of the road.

- The hole is being dug on the wrong side of the road.

14. They are going to steal your money if you’re not careful.

- Your money is going to be stolen if you’re not careful.

15. Has anyone ever asked you for your opinion?

- Have you ever been asked for your opinion?

16. Alan’s knowledge of art doesn’t impress me.

- I am not impressed by the Alan’s knowledge.

17. How do people make candles?

- How are candles made?

18. Who looked after the children when you were away?

- By whom were children looked after when you were away.

19. When is someone going to announce the results of the contest?

- When are the results of the contest going to be announced?

20. Nobody informed the police that there had been a mistake.

- The police wasn’t/weren’t informed that there had been a mistake. *III. Give the correct word formation 1. Her new album is very impressive (impress) 2. What is the difference between living in the city and living in the countryside? (differ) 3. I enjoy a peaceful life in Vietnam. (peace) 4. Traditionally, we visit our relatives and friends on New Year’s Day. (Tradition).

5. She has the inspiration to create new designs for the ao dai. (inspire) 6. This stamp collection is valuable. (collect) 7. Some designers have modernized the Ao Dai by printing lines of poetry on it. (design) 8. The Ao dai is the traditional dress of Vietnamese women. (tradition) IV. From each number, pick out the word whose underlined part is pronounced differently from the others.

1.

A. equal B. fashion C. champagne D. match 2.

A. only B. cotton C. cross D. economic 3.

A. baggy B. minority C. style D. symbol 4.

A. casual B. sale C. sleeveless D. slit 5.

A. economy B. occasion C. freedom D. logical 6.

A. fade B. fashion C. label D. plain 7.

A. boxes B. washes C. watches D. goes B. ticket C. tide D. inspiration 8.

A. uniform V. Complete the sentences with a suitable word given

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“poet, traditional, preference, designer, convenient, inspiration, fashionable, pride, embroidered, encouragement” 1. The ao dai is the traditiona dress of Vietnamese women.

2. Travelling by subway is fast, convenient and cheap.

3. Walt Whitman is an American poet his collection of poems, Leaves of Grass, was very famous.

4. Dreams are a rich source of inspiration for some writers.

5. We attended the fashion show of a leading designer.

6. I need you there to offer words of encouragement.

7. She offered him an embroidered handkerchief.

8. It is becoming fashionable to have long hair again.

9. I wear my school uniform with pride.

10. Do you have any particular preference?

VI. Put in the present perfect or past simple of the verbs in brackets.

1. I have had (have) these shoes since my eighteen birthday.

2. We have lived (live) in Newcastle for three years now and like it a lot.

3. The last time that I went (go) to Brighton was in August.

4. When my parents were on holiday, I stayed (stay) with my grandparents for two weeks.

5. I haven’t seen (not see) Rachel for ages. She hasn’t visited (not visit) us since July.

6. Martin has been (be) to Greek five times. He loves the place.

7. I have worked (work) for a computer company for a year. That was after college.

8. We moved (move) here in 1993. We have been (be) here for a long time now.

9. It isn’t very good party. Most people have already gone (already/go) home.

10. It was so hot today that I wore (wear) shorts and a T-shirt at work.

11. My wife and I have moved (move) three times since we got (get) married.

12. So far this week there were (be) three burglaries in our street.

13. When I was younger, I played (play) badminton for my local team.

14. In the past few years, it has become (become) more and more difficult to get into university.

15. I have enjoyed (enjoy) skiing ever since I lived (live) in Switzerland. * VII. Translate these sentences into Vietnamese.

1. Bố mẹ luôn tự hào về thành công của con.

- We are always proud of your success.

2. Tôi nghĩ các bạn học sinh cần mặc đồng phục khi ở trường.

- I think it is ncessary for students to wear uniform at their school.

3.

A: Ngày mai chúng ta sẽ đi picnic chứ? Shall we have a pinic tomorrow ?

B: Việc đó còn phụ thuộc vào thời tiết. It depends on the weather.

4. Công viên được mang tên anh hùng trẻ tuổi Le Van Tam. - The park is named after the young hero Le Van Tam. 5. Vào thế kỷ 18 vải jean được làm hoàn toàn bằng chất liệu cốt tông.

- In 18th century, jean cloth was made completely by cotton.

6. Giầy của trẻ em thường sờn đi rất nhanh.

- Children’s shoes usually wear quickly.

7. giá giầu đã tăng lên hơn 30%.

- The price of oil has grown up by over 30%.

8. Phụ nữ Viet Nam ngày nay thường mặc trang phục hiện đại ở công sở, nhưng mặc áo dài vào dịp truyền thống.

- Vietnamese women today often wear modern clothing at work, but wear ao dai on special occations.

9. Quần Jean chưa bao giờ hết mốt.

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- Jeans have never been out of fashion.

10. Công việc này thì khác nhiều so với những gì tôi đã quen thuộc.

- This job is a lot different from what I’m used to.

VIII. Read the passage then decide the statement True, False or No Information.

I lived in the Middle East for a while, and when I went out, I had to obey the local custom of wearing something over my head and wearing a dress that covered my whole body .At first, I found it a read nuisance, but after a while,I got used to it and even started to like it.

You feel really secure, and also you don't have to worry about what to wear all the time.

1. The writer lives in the Middle East now False 2. She was constrained to wear national costume True 3. She was very annoyed at the costumme True 4. She felt confident and safe when she wore the costume True 5. She didn't have to think of what to wear every day True 6. The writer is a Muslim False * IX. Complete the senetences using the suggested words.

1. I/ small house/ near/ the coast/ since 1990.

- I have lived in a small house near the coast since 1990.

2. She/ just/ come back/ holiday - She has just come back from her holiday.

3. in the 18th century/ jean cloth/ completely/ make/ cotton - In the 18th century, jean cloth was completely made from cotton.

4. it/ most expensive/ hotel/ I/ ever/ stay - It’s the most expensive hotel I’ve ever stayed.

5. Sandra/ work/ the company/ three years/ now - Sandra has worked/ has been working in the company for three years now.

6. this kind of jacket/ consider/ very/ fashionable/ these days - This kind of jacket is considered to be very fashionable these days.

7. a new style of jeans/ just/ introduce/ the USA - A new style of jeans has just been untroduced in the USA. 8. She/ work/ this bank/ since/ leave/ university.

- She has just worked in this bank since she left university.

--- The end --TOPIC 3: A TRIP TO THE COUNTRYSIDE

B/ Exercises: I. Complete the sentences with “in, at, on, for, since, after, before, between, until, during”.

1. The course begins on 2 January 2005 and ends sometimes in April.

2. The children aren’t here at the moment, but they’ll be back in a few minutes.

3. - We’re having a party on New Year’s Eve. Can you come?

- I’m afraid I can’t. I don’t like going out at night.

4. - Shall we go now? – No, let’s wait until it stops raining.

5. Please wait for half past ten. She’ll definitely be back after 10.30.

6. Sandra often goes to church at 5 o’clock on Sunday.

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7. Bill has worked in this company for five years since He graduated from Yale University in 1998.

8. It’s rained during the night for two or three hours.

9. I’m starting a job in sales after I finish college.

10. Henry is 63. He’s going to be retired from his job in two years’ time.

II. Rewrite these sentences, using the word in bracket.

1. Because the weather was bad, we didn’t enjoy our holiday.

- The weather was bad, so we didn’t enjoy our holiday. (so) - Because the bad weather, we didn’t enjoy our holiday. (because of) 2. Ba’s village is near the foot of a mountain, so Many people go there to have a rest on weekends. (because) - Because Ba’s village is near the foot of a mountain, many people go there to have a rest on weekends. (because) 3. He passed all his exam because he worked hard.

- He worked hard, so he passed all his exam because he worked hard. (so) - Because of working hard, he passed all his exam because he worked hard. (because of) 4. They sat down under the tree beause they felt tired.

- They felt tired, so they sat down under the tree. (so) - Because of feeling tired, they sat down under the tree. (because of) 5. Because the village is very beautiful, Liz took a lot of photos.

- The village is very beautiful, so Liz took a lot of photos. (so) - Because of the beautiful village, Liz took a lot of photos. (because of) 6. We take bus to the village because my home village is far from the city. (so) - My home village is far from the city, so we take bus to the village.

7. They canceled the flight because there was a snow storm.

- There was a snow storm, so they canceled the flight. (so) - Because of a snow storm, they canceled the flight. (because of) 8. He didn’t study hard so he failed the exam.

- Because he didn’t study hard, he failed the exam. (because) - Because not studying hard, he failed the exam. (because of) III. Write sentence with wish.

1. You didn’t tell me about the meeting.

- I wish you had told me about the meeting.

2. I would like to go to Huong’s village but I can’t.

- I wish I could go to Huong’s village.

3. I have to study for the final test.

- I wish I didn’t have to study for the final test.

4. Our flat is too small for us to live.

- I wish our flat were big enough for us to live.

5. I was late for work this morning - I wish I weren’t late for work this morning.

6. I can’t see the film ‘Spider man” with you now because I’m busy.

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“The harder you work -> The more successful you get”

- I wish I could see the film ‘Spider man” with you now.

7. I failed my English test last week.

- I wish I had passed my English test last week.

8. Farmers can’t live on planting rice in my village.

- Farmers wish they could live on planting rice in my village. *9. You want to talk with your pen pals on the phone, but it is too expensive for you to make a call. What do you wish?

- I wish It weren’t too expensive for me to talk with my pen pals on the phone. *10. One of your pen pals has written to you and asked you to send her one of your most recent photos but it is impossible because most of your photos were taken about two years ago.

What do you wish now?

- I wish I had some recent photos to send to my pen pals.

IV. Complete the sentence with the correct tense of the verb in parentheses.

1. I (ẹnjoy) enjoyed fresh air by the river last weekend.

2. Carol and I are old friends. I (know) have known her since I (be) was a freshman in high school.

3. The big old banyan tree isn’t far from here. I (walk) have walked there many times.

4. My thirteen year old daughter wishes she (be) were taller and that she (have) had blond and curly hair.

5. It was an enjoyable trip. I wish we (take) had taken a lot of photos to show you.

6. When I (arrive) arrived at the airport yesterday, I (meet) was met by my cousin and a couple of her friends.

7. *These letters (can/ mail) can be mailed at the corner. There is a mailbox there.

8. Malaysian country (divide) is divided into two regions and it’s known as West Malaysia and East Malaysia.

V. Choose the word, which is pronounced differently from the others.

1.

A. pagoda B. banyan C. gather D. relax 2.

A. collection B. comment C. rest D. blanket 3.

A. village B. shrine C. river D. picnic 4.

A. entrance B. banyan C. hamburger D. snack 5.

A. town B. grown C. mountain D. down 6.

A. hoped B. asked C. received D. washed 7.

A. visited B. wanted C. decided D. looked *VI. Fill in the blank with a suitable word to complete the passage.

Ba’s home village lies near a foot of a mountain and by a river. Getting to the village is an interesting trip. People have a chance to go / travel between the green paddy fields, cross a small bamboo forest before they reach a big old banyan tree at the entrance to the village.

Walking up the mountain, people can visit the shrine of a young Vietnamese hero and enjoy the fresh air there. Besides, they can also take a boat for sightseeing in the river or have a picnic on the river bank It’s a wonderful place for resting. *VII. Translate these sentences into English.

1. Peter là một học sinh du học theo hình thức trao đổi đến từ Mỹ.

- ………………………………………………………………………………………..

2. Cậu ấy sẽ ở Viet Nam cho đến hết tháng 12.

- ………………………………………………………………………………………..

3. Ngươi dân quê tôi trồng rất nhiều Ngô ở trên những cánh đồng.

- ………………………………………………………………………………………..

4. Tuần trước, bọn mình có một chuyến picnic bên bờ sông.

- ………………………………………………………………………………………..

5. Nếu bọn mình xuất phát trước 6 giờ, bọn mình sẽ đến vị trí picnic sớm.

- ………………………………………………………………………………………..

6. Có một cây đa cổ thụ lớn ở lối vào làng mình.

- ………………………………………………………………………………………..

VIII/ Rewrite the following sentences using the word given so that the second sentence means exactly the same as the sentence before it . *1. I regretted not telling him what happened last night. (wish) - I wish I had told him what happened last night.

2. I’m sorry I’m not able to go with you. (wish) - I wish I were able to go with you.

3. They canceled the flight because there was a snow storm. (so) - There was a snow storm, so they canceled the flight.

4. He didn’t study hard so he failed the exam. (because) - Because he didn’t study hard, he failed the exam. *5. Ba wants Liz to stay in Viet Nam till the Christmas. (wish) - Ba wishes Liz stayed in Vietnam till the Chrismas. *6. The Parkers are nice so Van would like to be a member of their family. (wish) - Van wishes he were a member of the Parkers. *7. Liz wants to visit Ba’s village again some day. (wish) - Liz wishes she could visit Ba’s village again some day. *8. Mr. Thanh is going to have an appointment from 8.30 pm to 10 pm. (end) - Mr. Thanh is going to end his appointment at 10 pm. *9. How long have you bought this car? (when) - When did you buy this car?

10. You should pay your bill before you leave the hotel.

- Your bill should be paid before you leave the hotel. *IX/ Supply the correct word form.

1. Sapa is one of the mountainous regions of Vietnam. (mountain) 2. What do you think about her collection of old pictures? (collect) 3. There is a parking lot near my house. (park) 4. There is a big old banyan tree at the entrance to the village. (enter) 5. It was an interesting journey. (interest) 6. Students hurriedly gathered things before leave the picnic site. (hurry) 7. Liz had an enjoyable trip to Ba’s home village. (enjoy) 8. Most of the villagers have lived here all their lives. (village) X. Read the text carefully, then decide whether the statements are True or False.

I live in a small village called Henfield – there are about 500 people here. I love it because it’s

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quiet and life is slow and easy. You never have to queue in shops or banks. The village is clean – people look after it and don’t throw their rubbish in the streets. The air is also clean because there’s not much heavy traffic. It’s much more friendly here than in a city. Everyone knows everyone and if someone has a problem, there are always people who can help. There aren’t many things I don’t like about Henfield. One thing is that there’s not much to do in the evenings – we haven’t got any cinemas or theatres. Another problem is that people always talk about each other and everyone knows what everyone is doing. But I still prefer village life to life in a big city.

1. The writer’s village has a small population.

True 2. The air is unpolluted because there is no traffic here.

True 3. Villagers are very friendly and helpful.

True 4. There is good nightlife in the village.

False 5. There isn’t much privacy in the village.

True 6. The writer wishes to live in a big city.

False

------------ The end ------------

TOPIC 4: LEARNING A FOREIGN LANGUAGE B/ Exercises: I. Supply the correct verb form, using conditional sentence type 1.

1. If you study (study) hard, you will pass the written examination.

2. They have (have) a lot of fun if they come there.

3. If the weather is (be) fine, We will go for a picnic.

4. He will write (write) to you if he has time.

5. If she doesn’t hurry (not hurry), she will miss the bus.

5. If the sun (shine) shines, we (walk) will walk to the town.

6. If he (have) has a temperature, he (see) will see the doctor.

7. If my friends (not come) don’t come, I (be) will be very unhappy.

8. If she (not earn) doesn’t earn a lot of money, she (not fly) won’t fly to New York.

9. If we (travel) travel to London, we (visit) will visit the museums.

10. If you (wear) wear sandals in the mountains, you (slip) will slip on the rocks.

II. Rewrite each sentence, beginning with the words provided.

Câu 1-10: tường thuật lại câu trần thuật 1. He said: “I will expect her.”

He said that he would expect her.

2. He said: “I can’t find my hat.”

He said that he couldn’t find his hat.

3. She said: “I am going to the movies tomorrow.”

She said she was going to the movies the next day.

4. Lan said to me: “You are looking much better.”

Lan said to me that I was looking much better.

5. He says: “The river is rising early this year.”

He said that the river was rising early that year.

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6. “I’ll have a cup of tea with you,” she said.

She said that she would have a cup of tea with me.

7. “He’s not at home now”, she said.

She said that he wasn’t at home then.

8. “I’ll pay him if I can” she said.

She said she would pay him if she could.

9. “I’ll phone you tomorrow,” he told Jack.

He told Jack that he would phone Jack the next day.

10. “I want a camera for my birthday,” he said.

He said he wanted a camera for his birthday.

Câu 11-15: tường thuật lại câu nghi vấn dạng (Yes/No-question) 11. "Is this your new calculator, Mai?" Nam asked.

Nam Nam asked Mai if that was her new calculator.

12. “Do you know how far the drug store is?” The foreigner asked me.

The foreigner asked me if I knew how far the drug store was.

13. “Will you please water the flowers for me tonight, Jim?” said the old woman.

The old man asked me if I would please water the flowers for him that night.

14. "Can you lend me ten pounds?" said the boy to me.

The boy asked asked me if I could lend him ten pounds.

15. He said to his friend: “Did you see the accident yesterday?”

He asked his friend if he had seen the accident the day before.

Câu 16-20: tường thuật lại câu hỏi dạng (Wh- question) 16. John said to me: “How did you come here?”

John asked me how I came there.

17. She said to me: “Whose is this book?”

He asked me whose that book was.

18. I said to John, “Why aren’t you looking for a job?”

I asked John why he wasn’t looking for a job.

19. Nancy said: “Why didn’t you call me, John?"

Nacy wanted to know why John hadn’t called him.

20. Mr Smith said to her: "Where will you go on your vacation?”

Mr Smith asked her where she would go on her vacation.

III. Rewrite the sentences, using reported speech 1. “I am awarded a scholarship of US$2,500 .” He said to me.

He told me that he was awarded a scholarship of US$2,500 2. “I’m leaving here for Australia tomorrow.” She said.

She said that she was leaving there for Australia the next day.

3. “I’ll come with you as soon as I am ready.” Tom said to her.

Tom told her that he would come with her as soon as he was ready.

4. “Why do you learn English here?” She asked me.

She asked me why I learned English there.

5. “Why do you want to live in dormitory on campus?” asked Peter.

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Peter asked me why I wanted to live in dormitory on campus.

6. “Can you help me improve my English pronunciation?” he asked the girl.

He asked the girl If she could help her improve his English pronunciation.

7.“I’m attending an French course here.” Said Maryam.

Maryam said said that she was attending an French course there.

8.“ Do you like listening to English songs?” Hoa asked Maryam.

Hoa asked Maryam if she liked listening to English songs.

9.“ Which school do you choose for your summer course, children?” asked the man.

The man asked the children which school I chose for their summer course.

10. He said: “I am very proud of my parents, Daisy.”

-> He told Daisy that he was very proud of his parents.

IV. Choose the word which is pronounced differently from the other.

1. A. check B. chair C. chalk D. character B. passed C. attended D. practiced 2. A. asked 3. A. banks B. texts C. notes D. courses 4. A. aspect B. edition C. experience D. examine 5. A. advanced B. improved C. learned D. stayed 6. A. course B. favorite C. dormitory D. order V. Complete the sentence with a suitable word. reputation – advertisement – aspect – dictionary – heart – dormitory – scenery – level 1. You’d better learn by heart all the new words.

2. What aspect of learning English do you find difficult?

3. Most foreign students live in dormitory on campus.

4. His novel won the Booker Prize and established his reputation 5. You can take the exam at intermediate or advanced level.

6. If you want to sell your car, why not put an advertising in the daily paper?

7. On the way, we stopped three times to enjoy beautiful scenery.

8. I’ve never seen this word before. Use a dictionary to look it up.

VI. Complete the sentence with one suitable preposition.

1. You shouldn’t believe everything you read on the newspapers.

2. The course starts on 3rd November and ends in January.

3. We sometimes go to our home village for taking a rest at/on the weekend.

4. Are you interested in learning foreign language?

5. We are looking forward to hearing from you.

6. We can live in a dormitory on campus.

7. What aspect of learning English do you find most difficult?

8. Classes ended at 5.15pm, so we will return home after 5.pm.

VII. Rewrite these following sentences keep meaning as the root one 1. I cannot go fishing with my friends.

- I wish I could go fishing with my friends.

2. I won’t attend the course late November.

- I wish I would attend the course late November.

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3. Some students aren’t interested in learning a foreign language.

- Their teacher wishes some students were interested in learning a foreign language.

4. There isn’t beautiful scenery in some cities.

- We wish there were beautiful scenery in some cities.

5. Many students don’t know how to improve their listening skills.

- They wish they knew how to improve their listening skills.

6. She doesn’t speak English every day, so she can’t communicate with foreigners.

- She wishes she could communicate with foreigners.

7. I’m sorry that I didn’t go to the party last Sunday.

- I wishI had gone to the party last Sunday. *8. Nam washes his car every week - Nam wishes his car were washed every week.

9. I would like to go to Hoa’s birthday party but I can’t.

- I wish I could go to Hoa’s birthday party.

10. “This course is really well-qualified.” He said.

- He said that course was really well-qualified.

11. “We are attending this course now” They said - They said that they were attending that course then.

12. “I will return Viet Nam tomorrow”. Mr. Thanh said.

- Mr. Thanh said he would return Vietnam the next day.

13. “I will help you whenever you need me, Hoa.” said Nam. - Nam said to Hoa he would help her whenever she needed him.

14. “I must stay at home tonight to finish my homework” said John.

- John said he had to stay at home that night to finish his home work.

15. “What do you do to improve your English ?” the examiner asked me.

- The examiner asked me what I did to improve my English.

16. “When will you come back to visit us?” The Parkers asked Van. - The Parkers asked Van when he would visit them.

17. “How is the journey to your home village?” I asked Ba. - I asked Ba how the jouney to his home village was.

18. “Do you enjoy your picnic?” I asked Nga. - I asked Nga if she enjoyed her picnic.

19. “Are you tired after the trip?” I asked them.

- I asked them if they were tired after the trip.

20. “Can you complete a spoken test?” The teacher asked me.

- The teacher asked me if I could complete a spoken test. *VIII. Supply the correct form of the words 1. He is a strict examiner (examine) 2. I saw your school’s advertisement in today’s edition of the Vietnam News. (advertise) 3. If you want to improve your English, we can help you. (improvement) 4. This school has excellent reputation (repute).

5. We often take part in many cultural activities at school. (culture)

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“The harder you work -> The more successful you get”

6. Please phone this number for more information. (inform) 7. He exactly answered these questions (exact) 8. The Saigon Giai Phong is a daily newspaper. (day) X. Find the mistake then correct it.

1. Charlie said that he is living in London then. was 2. He asked me if it is raining. was 3. They asked me how old is she. she was 4. She asked me if was I happy to shop there.

I was 5. Tom said he can’t come to our party on Friday. couldn’t could 6. He asked me if I can speak more slowly.

7. She said that she must go then. had to 8. She asked me how long does it take me to go to school by bus. It took XI. Read the text carefully, then decide whether the statements are True or False.

Learning a language is, in some ways, like learning how to fly or play the piano. There some differences, but there is a very important similarity. It is this: learning how to do such things needs lots of practice. It is never enough simply to “know” something. You must be able to “do” things with what to know. For example, it is not enough simply to read a book on how to fly an aeroplane. A book can give you lots of information about how to fly, but if you only read a book and then try to fly without a great deal of practice first, you will crash and kill yourself. The same is true of learning the piano or learning a foreign language. Can you speak English well without having lots of practice? “Practice makes perfect” is what every learner of a foreign language should know.

1. Learning a foreign language and learning to fly are the same in an important way. T 2. Information about flying from books is enough for someone to fly.

F 3. It is dangerous to try to fly without any real practice.

T 4. Talking to a native speaker can be a good way to speak English well.

T 5. Language learners can make their English perfect without practice.

F

11. They won’t response these questions next week, will they?

12*. Everyone has used the internet very often, have they?

13*. Hoa never comes to school late, does she?

14. He spent much time playing games, didn’t he?

15. We must communicate with you by means of e-mail or chatting, mustn’t we?

16. People use the Internet for many purposes, don’t they?

17. You had an English test yesterday, hadn’t you?

18*. Nobody will refuse to help her with her homework, will they?

II. Complete each sentence with the correct form of the verb in bracket.

1. I like lying (lie) on the beach. I always spend my holidays sunbathing (sunbathe) 2. Andrew doesn’t mind walking (walk) home, but his sister would like to get (get) a taxi.

3. Tien gave up playing (play) video games and decided to study (study) hard.

4. Are you looking forward to seeing (see) Ann again? Well, I expect to meet (meet) her soon.

5. The teacher told everybody to be (be) quiet, but they just went on talking (talk).

6*. She dislikes being asked (ask) to do something by the other.

7. We are fond of reading (read) magazines about teenagers.

8. This book tells you how (use) to use computers safely.

III. Fill the gap with a suitable word.

----- The end ----TOPIC 5: THE MEDIA B/ Exercises: I. Complete the following sentences with the correct tag questions: 1. Internet is the most important form of media, isn’t it?

2. Smart phones aren’t used widely by adults, are they?

3. Viewers can watch a variety of local programs, can’t they?

4. Both teenagers and adults shouldn’t use the Internet very often, should they?

5. The Internet has increasingly developed, hasn’t it?

6. They haven’t finished the documentary, have they?

7. Peter enjoys surfing website, does he?

8. You don’t like foreign films, do you?

9. Her brother prefers wildlife world, does he?

10. This sport is violent, isn’t it?

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download – interact – surfing – channels – virus – internet 1. We can use remote control to interact with TV. 2. Do you have access to the Internet What are your favorite websites?

3. How many channels are there on TV at the moment?

4. I usually download good programs from the Internet.

5. How much time do you spend surfing the web a day?

6. I’ve lost a lot of data. I wonder if my computer has a virus. *IV. Complete the sentences with an appropriate form of words in parentheses: 1. I’m writing in response to your advertisement which appeared in the magazine last week. (advertise) 2. Do you surf the internet for fun or education? (educate) 3. Because Hoa lives in a remote area, the internet isn’t available for her. (availability) 4. Thanks to Internet we can get the latest information. (late).

5. The Internet is one of the most important invention of our life. (invent) 6. Their communication is always good. (communicate) 7. I love watching news because it is very informative. (inform) 8. We felt interested in the show. (interest) 9. The interaction between this computer and the others is good. (interact) 10. The development of media is always fast. (develop) *V. Make complete sentences from these prompts and add a question tag.

1. People/ invent/ telegraph/ late 19th century.

- People invented the telegraph in late 19th century.

2. They/ surf/ web/ at the moment. – They are surfing web at the moment.

3. I/ be/ best student. – I am the best student.

4. The villagers/ get access/ Internet/ next month.

- The villagers will get access to the Internet next month.

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“The harder you work -> The more successful you get”

“The harder you work -> The more successful you get”

5. Christ/ catch/ lots of fish/ last summer.

- Christ caught lots of fish last summer.

6. Mike/ not be/ the doctor/ recently. – Mike hasn’t been the doctor recently.

7. George/ not enjoy/ his work/ the office.

- George doesn’t like his work in the office.

8. The children/ do/ their homework/ when/ their mother/ get/ home.

- The children were doing their homework when their mother got home.

9. The pullover/ shrink/ when you/ wash/ yesterday.

- The pullover shrank when you you washed it yesterday.

10. You/ always/ eat/ at home. – You always eat at home./ you are always eating at home. *VI. Rewrite each of the following sentences so that it has a similar meaning to the original one.

1. Please don’t interrupt me all the time. → Would you mind interrupting me all the time.

2. It’s not a good idea to travel during the rush hour. → It’s better to avoid traveling during the rush hour.

3. It will be good to see them again. → I’m looking forward to seeing them.

4. Reading newspapers in the morning gives him pleasure.

He enjoys reading newspapers in the morning.

5. Does your brother use the internet every day ?

Your brother uses the Internet every day, doesn’t he?

VII. Put in the right preposition 1. Was there anything good on TV last night?

2. Remote controls are used to interact with TV. 3. I prefer sport programs to others, but there are no sport programs on Saturday afternoon.

4. It’s not easy to get access to the Internet in the countryside.

5. Did you see the film at 10p.m on HBO channel last night.

6. You can e-mail me at pd@freeserve.co.uk.

7. This website is useful for people who are interested in Wild life.

8. There was nothing interesting on, so I turned the TV off.

VIII. With the cues given, write a complete sentence.

1. Internet/ fast/ convenient/ way/ information/ which/ very update.

- The Internet is a fast and convenient way to get information which is very update.

2. I/ enjoy/ surf/ net/ but/ not have/ much time/ it.

- I enjoy surfing the net, but I don’t have much time for it.

3. How many hours/ you/ spend/ watch TV/ every day?

- How many hours do you spend watching TV every day?

4. We/ have/ interactive TV/ soon/ aren’t/ ?

- We are going to have interactive TV soon, aren’t we?

5. Students/ not/ waste/ so much time/ wander/ the Websites.

- Students shouldn’t waste so much time wandering the Websites.

6. you/ read/article/ the storm/ today’s edition/ Viet Nam news?

- Have you read the article about the storm in today’s edition of the Viet Nam News.

7. your father/ like/ watch/ football matches/ TV? - Does your father like watching football matches on TV? 8. Tuoi Tre/ one/ most popular/ Viet Nam. - Tuoi Tre is one of the most popular magazine in Viet Nam. IX. Read the text carefully, then decide whether the statements are True or False.

New words - estimate: ước tính - harm: gây hại - addict: nghiện - psychologist: nhà tâm lý học - escape: thoát khỏi - emotion: cảm xúc - changer: người lạ - situation: tình huống It is estimated that about 200 million people who use the Internet computer network around the world. Most people use the Internet to get information or for entertainment. A new study, however, says that almost 6% of Internet users are using it so often that it is seriously harming their lives. The study says these people may find it difficult to stop using the Internet because they have become addicted. Someone who is addicted finds it extremely difficult to stop an activity. According to Mr. Greenfield, a psychologist, 30% Internet users say that they use the Internet to escape from problems or emotions. The study also shows that having discussions with strangers in Internet areas called "chat rooms" is one of the most addictive activities.

1. An estimated 200 million people get access to the Internet every year. F 2. Most people like to go on the Internet for information or entertainment. T 3. Using the Internet so often can do more harm than good. T 4. Someone who is addicted to the Internet spends just a little time going on it. F 5. Some people use the Internet to get away from their unpleasant situations. T 6. One of the most addictive activites is chatting. T *X. Choose the option a, b, c, or d that best complete the passage.

Television is one of man's most important --------------(1) of communication. It brings -------------- (2) and sounds from around the world into millions of homes. A person with a television set can sit in his house and watch the President --------------(3) a speech or visit a foreign country. He can see a war being fought and watch statesmen try to ------------(4) peace. ----------(5) television, home viewers can see and learn about people, pleaces, and things in faraway lands. TV even takes its viewers out of this world. It brings them ---------(6) of America's astronauts as the astronauts explore outer these things, television brings its viewers a steady steam of programs that are ----------(8) to entertain. In fact, TV provides many more --------(9) programs than any other kinds. The programs include action-packed dramas, light comedies, sporting ----------(10), and motion pictures.

1. a. ways b. means c. aspect d. kinds 2. a. voices b. portraits c. pictures d. films 3. a. make b. do c. speak d. take 4. a. spectators b. observers c. students d. viewers 5. a. close b. farway c. nearby d. isolated 6. a. explore b. discover c. develop d. exploit 7. a. increase b. development c. addition d. advantage 8. a. responded b. published c. broadcasted d. designed 9. a. entertain b. entertaining c. entertained d. entertainment

By Nguyen Van Manh

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By Nguyen Van Manh

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“The harder you work -> The more successful you get”

10. a. events

b. programs

c. channels

d. teams

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HỌC KY 2 UNIT 6: THE ENVIRONMENT B/ EXERCICES: I. Pick out the word whose underlined part is pronounced differently from the others.

1. A. nature B. natural C. explain D. nation 2. A. ocean B. beach C. clean D. reason 3. A. clean B. seashore C. season D. health 4. A. forest B. pollute C. foreign D. deforestation 5. A. spray B. natural C. nation D. persuade 6. A. use B. pollute C. continue D. reduce 7. A. environment B. littered C. plastics D. directly 8. A. amount B. achieve C. dynamite D. deforestation 9. A. protect B. conservation C. provide D. cover II. Complete the sentences with the words or phrases in the box.

- garbage dump: …………………………

- deforestation: ………………………….

- air pollution: …………………………

- dissolve: …………………………

- trash: …………………………

- pesticide: ……………………………

- dynamite: …………………………

- environment : …………………………

- conservationist : …………………………

- energy: ……………………………

1. Deforestation is the process of removing the trees from an area of land.

2. We have to take our own rubbish to the garbage dump.

3. Dynamite fishing can kill fish.

4. We must do more to protect the environment.

5. We should use trees leaves instead of plastic bags to wrap food because plastic bag are very hard to dissolve.

6. Pesticide is chemical used for killing insects.

7. Vehicles cause air pollution in the cities.

8. Conservationist is someone who works to protect the environment from damage or destruction.

9. The average American family produces three pounds of trash a day.

10. We can reduce exhaust fume and save energy by using public buses to travel.

III. Complete these sentences with the adjective or adverb form of the words in the box.

1. Most of the students did well on their test. Their test results were good (good/ well) 2. An is a careful student. He always check his work carefully (careful-ly) 3. Our environment are become extremely polluted. (extreme-ly) 4. * Jame looked very sad because he failed his final exam. (sad-ly) 5. * The children seemed happy. They were playing happily the park. (happy/ happily) 6. Her mother was a very thoughtful woman and she was always so thoughtfully dressed. (thoughtful-ly)

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“The harder you work -> The more successful you get”

7. Monica’s English is very fluent although she makes quite a lot of mistakes. (fluent-ly) 8. They pump raw sewage directly into the sea. (direct-ly) 9. She said she had a sore throat and was feeling awful. (awful-ly) IV. Match the two halves of the sentence. Then write the full sentences.

1. Mr. Brown wants volunteer conservationists to work quickly, so he divided them into three groups. (because) –> làm 2 cách - Because Mr. Brown wants volunteer conservationists to work quickly, he divided them into three groups.

- Mr. Brown divided them into three groups because he wants volunteer conservationists to work quickly.

2. It was a nice day, so we went for a walk by the sea. (since) -> làm 2 cách - Since it was a nice day, we went for a walk by the sea.

- We went for a walk by the sea since it was a nice day.

3. Since students don’t want to make the school polluted, they put garbage bins around the schoolyard. (so) - Students don’t want to make the school polluted, so they put garbage bins around the schoolyard.

4. She goes to work by bike because she wants to keep the air cleaner. (so) - She wants to keep the air cleaner, so she goes to work by bike.

5. People have spoiled this area, so we need to make this beach a clean and beautiful place again. (as) -> làm 2 cách - As people have spoiled this area, we need to make this beach a clean and beautiful place again.

- We need to make this beach a clean and beautiful place again as people have spoiled this area.

V. Give correct formation of these words 1. The air in the city is polluted. (pollute) 2. Please listen to the lecture carefully. (care) 3. Scientists are disappointed (disappoint) that people destroying forests.

4. Air and water pollution (pollute) can make people fall ill.

5. Plastic bags will cause pollution (pollute) 6. Mr. Brown is one of the conservationists. (conserve) VI. Prepositions.

Translate into Vietnamese a. Thầy giáo đã chia lớp tôi thành 4 nhóm.

- The teacher divided our class into 4 groups. b. Các nhà môi trường học đã cung cấp cho chúng tôi một số phương pháp để bảo vệ môi trường khỏi ô nhiễm.

- The environmentalists provide us with a lot of useful information. c. Tôi hết sức thất vọng với việc người ta dùng điện để đánh bắt cá.

- I was disappointed that they use electricity to catch fish. d. Thầy giáo đã phát bài kiểm tra cho chúng tôi.

- The teacher gave us the exam papers.

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“The harder you work -> The more successful you get”

“The harder you work -> The more successful you get”

e. Mặt đường bị phủ đầy rác. Các bạn nên giọn sạch rác ở trên đường trước khi rời đi.

- The ground is covered with trash. You should clear up all the trash on the ground before leaving. f. Em gái tôi liên tục hỏi tôi hết câu hỏi này đến câu hỏi khác.

- My sister kept asking me question after question. g. Đừng vứt rác xuống nước bởi vì nước ô nhiễm có thể gây hại trực tiếp cho sức khỏe con người.

- Don’t throw trash onto the water because polluted water can directly do harm to people’s health.

VII. Complete the sentences with the correct form of the verbs in brackets.

1.

A: What will happen if you get lost?

B: Don’t worry! If I get (get) lost, I will ask (ask) someone the way.

2.

A: Can you tell Sally I won’t be here tomorrow?

B: OK. I will tell (tell) her if I see (see) her.

3.

A: I think I’ll go out this evening.

B: Well, if you take (take) the car, you need to put some petrol in it.

4.

A: This letter’s important. It must get there by tomorrow.

B: OK. If you leave (leave) it there, I will post (post) it for you.

5.

A: What will you do on weekends?

B: Well, if the weather is (be) fine, we will go (go) for a picnic.

6.

A: Have you heard about traffic jams in the cities?

B: Yes. It will be (be) better if people travel (travel) by public buses.

7. If you (not answer) don’t answer all my questions, we can’t do anything to help you.

8. If Peter (not study) doesn’t study hard, he (not get) won’t get good marks.

VIII. Write sentences in the correct order.

1. glad/ able/ I / were/ am/ to/ come./ that/ you.

- I am glad that you were able to come 2. everybody/ important./ feel/ It’s/ should/ that/ comfortable - It’s important that everyone should feel comfortable.

3. she/ surprised/ am/ hasn’t/ I/ that/ phoned.

- I am surprised that she hasn’t phoned.

4. We/ that/ never/ he/ were/ disappointed/ replied/ our letter./ to - We were disappointed that he never replied to our letter.

5. you/ that/ worried/ was/ I/ back./ come/ wouldn’t - I was worried that you wouldn’t come back.

6. We/ have/ the/ worried/ were/ people/ spoiled/ that/ environment.

- We were worried that they have spoiled the environment.

7. amazed/ nobody/ hurt/ It/ was/ that/ in was/ the accident.

- It was amazed that nobody was hurt in the accident.

8. annoyed/ I/ that/ really/ the party./ to/ been/ I was/ hadn’t/ invited - I was annoyed that I hadn’t been invited to the party.

IX/ Fill in each blank with a suitable word from the list.

“different, what, of, land, ago, in, because, write” About two hundred years ago (1) man lived in (2) greater harmony with his environment because (3) industry was not much developed. Today the situation is quite different (4).

People all over the world are worried about what (5) is happening to the environment, because of (6) modern industry and the need for more energy. Newspapers and magazines write (7) about water pollution, air pollution and land (8) pollution.

X/ Rewrite the following sentences without changing meaning.

Eg1: We are excited that we are going to Da Lat. (Using because) -> We are excited because we are going to Da Lat. -> Because we are going to Dalat, we are excited.

Eg2: We are excited that we are going to Da Lat. (Using so) -> We are going to Dalat, so we are excited.

1. I’m pleased that you are working hard. (Using because) - I’m pleased because you are working hard.

2. I’m disappointed that you didn’t phone me. (Using because) - I’m disappointed because you didn’t phone me.

3. Miss Lien was amazed that Nga won the first prize. (Using so) - Nga won the first prize, so Miss Lien was amazed.

4. We are disappointed that they have spoiled this area. (Using so) - They have spoiled this area, so we are disappointed.

Eg3. Don’t throw trash onto the water or we won’t keep the water clean.

-> If we throw trash onto the water, we won’t keep the water clean.

-> If we don’t throw trash onto the water, we will keep the water clean.

1. Don’t use plastic bags or we won’t reduce garbage.

- If you use plastic bags, we won’t reduce garbage.

- If we don’t use plastic bags, we will reduce garbage.

2. Use public buses or we won’t reduce exhaust fume.

- If we use public buses, we won’t reduce exhaust fume.

- If we don’t use public buses, we will reduce garbage.

3. Recycle bottles and cans or we won’t reduce garbage.

- If we recycle bottles and cans, we will reduce garbage - If we don’t recycle bottles and cans, we won’t reduce garbage.

By Nguyen Van Manh

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------------- The end -------------

UNIT 7: SAVING ENERGY B. Exercises: I. Match the word in column A to its definition or meaning in column B. 1. plumber - c 2. energy - a 3. solar - e 4. scheme - b

a. the power from electricity, gas, coal, etc that is need to make things work. b. a plan c. a person whose job is to fit and repair things like water pipes and baths.

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“The harder you work -> The more successful you get”

5. innovation - d 6. conserve - f 7. enormous - h 8. turn off - g

d. a new idea, method e. of or using the sun f. to prevent something from being changed, lost, or destroyed g. switch off h. very big or very large.

II. Fill in the blank space in each sentence with and, but, so, or, because, therefore, however.

1. There are some cracks in the pipes, so she gets a plumber check.

2. We keep our environment clean because we want to live a healthier life.

3. Melissa tried to save water but her water bill was enormous.

4. We wrote a letter to the local authority. However, catching fish hasn’t been stopped.

5. Drivers usually stop their trucks around my house and leave lots of garbage on the ground after their refreshment.

6. The river was polluted. Therefore, we couldn’t go swimming.

7. The air is polluted because there’s too much traffic.

8. She’s working late next Friday, ………………… she can’t come to the party.

III/ Rewrite the following sentences without changing meaning.

1. Let’s put garbage bins around the schoolyard to prevent lazy students from throwing trash? (suggest + verb-ing) - I suggest putting garbage bins around the schoolyard to prevent lazy students from throwing trash?

2. Why don’t we take a short rest? (suggest + verb-ing) - I suggest taking a short rest.

3. What about buying energy-saving bulbs? (suggest that + S + should) - I suggest that we should buy energy-saving bulbs.

4. What about organizing a charity event to raise money. (suggest that + S + should) - I suggest that we should organize a charity event to raise money.

5. Please use electricity economically. (suggest that + S + should) - I suggest that you should use electricity economically.

6. Plastic bags are difficult to dissolve, so we should use tree leaves to wrap food. (since) - Since Plastic bags are difficult to dissolve, we should use tree leaves to wrap food.

7. We put lots of garbage bins around school yard because we want to prevent lazy students from throwing trash. (so) - We want to prevent lazy students from throwing trash, so We put lots of garbage bins around school yard.

8. They don't behave themselves, so their parents are not happy about that. (adj- + that clause) - Their parents aren’t happy that they don’t behave themselves.

IV/ Combine each pair of sentences using “connectives”.

1) He travels by public buses. He wants to avoid traffic jams.

- He travels by public buses because he wants to avoid traffic jams.

2) He was intelligent. His father was worried about his performance.

- He was intelligent but his father was worried about his performance.

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“The harder you work -> The more successful you get”

3) It rained. We decided to postpone the picnic.

- It rained, so we decided to postpone the picnic.

- It rained. Therefore, we decided to postpone the picnic.

4) We don’t throw trash onto water. We want to keep the water clean.

- We don’t throw trash onto water because we want to keep the water clean.

5) She can’t speak French. She can’t write well.

- She can’t speak French and she can’t write well.

6) Both the driver. The passenger were injured in the accident.

- Both the driver and the passenger were injured in the accident.

7) They use much pesticide on vegetables. The vegetables become poisonous.

- They use much pesticide on vegetables, so the vegetables become poisonous.

- They use much pesticide on vegetables. Therefore, vegetables become poisonous. *8) She uses shower to reduce the amount of water her family uses.

- She uses shower because she wants to reduce the amount of water her family uses.

V. Complete the sentence with a suitable phrasal verb given below. One word can be used for more than one sentence: look for/ look after/ turn on/ turn off/ go on/ throw away.

7. Who’s going to take after the children while you’re away?

8. “Turn on the TV for me, will you? I want to watch the cartoon.

9. She’s has looked for her keys everywhere.

10. Turn off the radio. I’m working.

11. If we go on littering, the environment will become seriously polluted.

12. Don’t throw these newspapers away.

VI. Translate into English 1. Tôi đang thu gom các chai và long đồ uống để tái chế chúng. Bạn đã bỏ nó đi chưa?

- We are collecting bottles and cans to recycle them. Have you thrown away?

2. Các nhà bảo tồn đã cho chúng tôi lời khuyên về cách để tiết kiệm năng lượng.

- Conservationists gave us some advice on how to save energy.

3. Làm ơn tắt nhạc đi. Nó quá ồn ào.

- Turn off the music. It is too noisy.

4. Tôi đề nghị hãy thay thế bóng đèn 100W bằng bóng đèn tiết kiệm năng lượng - I suggest replace 100 light buldbs by using energy-saving bulbs.

5. Đừng lo lắng về cháu bé. Tôi sẽ trông nom cháu trong khi anh chị vắng nhà.

- Don’t worry about the baby. I’ll look after him/her while you are out.

6. Tôi đang rất nóng lòng chờ gặp cô ấy.

- I’m looking forward to seeing her.

7. Các bóng điện thắp sáng của nhà tôi chiếm 15% hóa đơn tiền điện hàng tháng.

- My light bulbs account for 15% of the electricity bill.

VII. Complete the sentence with the correct form of the word in brackets.

1. Electricity is a necessity of life. (need/ necessary/ necessity) 2. There are a lot of technological innovation designed to save energy. (innovate/ innovative/ innovation) 4. We find advertising on television very effective (effect/ effective/ effectively)

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“The harder you work -> The more successful you get”

5. I switch the light off to save electricity (electric/ electricity/ electronics) 6. Energy conservation includes searching for alternative fuels. (conserve/ conservation) 7. Energy-saving bulbs help consumers save money. (consume/ consumers/ consumption) VIII. Read the text then answer true or false - ancient (a): ………………………….

- discover (v): …………………………

- steam (n): ………………………….

- engine (n): ………………………….

- nuclear (n): ………………………….

- gasoline (n): …………………………

People use many sources of energy. Ancient people used only their arms, hands, and simple tools until they discovered fire. Later, people learned to use the energy of the wind to sail ships. Then they learned to use animals to do work. In the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, people began to use machines. The first machines used steam. They burned coal to heat water. The hot water turned into steam, and the steam engine did the work. Later, people began to use the gasoline engine, and today people are using nuclear energy.

Energy is one of the basic concepts, or ideas, of physics. It is the ability to do work.

Without energy we could live. We need energy to work, and scientists are always looking for new sources of energy.

1. None of the world’s energy comes from the sun.

False 2. Wind, steam, and gasoline are sources of energy.

True 3. People have never used nuclear energy.

False 4. Energy is the ability to do work.

True 5. We need new sources of energy.

True IX. Complete the second sentences so that it has a similar meaning to the first.

1. We couldn’t go swimming because the sea was too rough.

- The sea was too rough. Therefore, we couldn’t go swimming. (Therefore) - The sea was too rough, so we couldn’t go swimming. (so) 2. Plastic bags are very hard to dissolve, so we use banana leaves to wrap food.

- Plastic bags are very hard to dissolve. Therefore, we use banana leaves to wrap food.

- Because plastic bags are very hard to dissolve, we use banana leaves to wrap food.

3. “Why don’t you use energy-saving bulbs, Mr. Son.” Nam said (suggested + that + S + should .....)

- Nam suggested that Mr. Son should use energy-saving bulbs.

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UNIT 8: CELEBRATIONS 1. Tom will not pass the examination even though he studied well → Despite ……………………….………………………………………………………..

2. Despite not having enough money, we decided to hold a party → Though ……..…………………………………………..……………………………..

3. He took a lot of photographs even though the sky was dark → Despite ……………….………………………………………………………………..

4. Despite his hard life, he studied very well → Though……..…………………………………………………………………………..

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“The harder you work -> The more successful you get”

5. In spite of living in poverty, they were always admired → Although ………………………………………………………………………………..

6. He passed the final examination even though he was frequently absent from class → In spite of ………………. ……………………………………………………………..

7. She is still fat even though she has been on a diet for 2 years → Despite …………………………………………………………………………………

8. Although she doesn’t earn much money, she spends like a millionaire → In spite of …….………………………………………………………………………...

B. Exercises: I. Translate into English 1. Tết là 1 dịp lễ rơi vào thời điểm cuối tháng 1 hoặc đầu tháng 2.

- Tet is a festival occur in late January or early February.

2. Các thành viên gia đình sống ở xa đều cố gắng về đoàn viên vào dịp Tết.

- Family members who live apart try to be together at Tet. 3. Tôi chúc mừng bạn nhân dịp bạn qua được kỳ thi.

- I congratulate you on passing your exam.

4. Đây là Lễ hội mà chúng tôi đã tham gia được 5 năm rồi.

- This is the festival which we have taken part in for 5 years.

5. Tôi rất tự hào về cha của tôi.

- I’m so proud of my brother.

6. Tết là dịp lễ quan trọng nhất đối với người Việt Nam. - Tet is the most important celebration for Vietnamese people.

7. Sự ân cần của cha tôi khiến cho ông khác với những người khác.

- My father’s consideration makes him different from others.

II/ Fill in the blanks with who, whom, which .

1) Do you know the people who come from Israel?

2) The celebration which I took part in was interesting.

3) The student who you saw yesterday is an active student.

4) That is the contest which my sister won the first prize last week.

5) The parade which we saw last night was colorful.

6) What’s the name of the girl who is wearing a white blouse?

7) I don’t like food which is very spicy.

8) Is there anything which I can do?

9) We all thanked him who gave us a lot of help.

10) I enjoy reading the books which tell about different cultures.

III/ Combine the sentences, using Relative pronouns . *1) Tom saw the clowns. He liked them very much.

- Tom saw the clowns whom he liked very much.

2) The sugar eggs are very good. We made them on Easter.

- The sugar eggs which we made on Easter are very good.

3) The person lives next to me. You saw him last night.

- The person whom you saw last night lives next to me.

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“The harder you work -> The more successful you get”

4) The boy was friendly. He was nominated in the charity program.

- The boy who was nominated in the charity program was friendly.

5) This is the man. He gave me your address.

- This is the man who gave me your address.

6. A building has now been rebuilt. It was destroyed in the fire.

- The building which was destroyed in the fire has now been rebuilt.

7. A scientist has won the Nobel Prize. He discovered a new planet.

- The scientist who discovered a new plannet has won the Nobel Prize.

8. A bomb caused a lot of damage. It went off this morning.

- The bomb which went off this morning caused a lot of damage.

9. A little girl has been found safe and well. She had been missing since Tuesday.

- The little girl had been missing since Tuesday has been found safe and well.

10. A girl is now in hospital. She was injured in the accident.

- The girl who was injured in the accident is now in hospital. *IV/ Supply the correct form of the words in parentheses 1. There are many celebrations throughout the year (celebrate) 2. He wants to decorate his room. (decoration) 3. Tet is a joyful festival of the Vietnamese people (joy) 4. I’m very proud of my father (pride) 5. We often go to the town cultural house house (culture) 6. She isn’t happy with her preparation for Tet (prepare) 7. Easter is a joyful festival which is celebrated in many countries in the world (celebration) 8. People crowded the streets on National Day to watch colorful parade (color) V. Rewrite these sentences.

Chú ý: Although/Even though/ though + mệnh đề 1, Mệnh đề 2 = Mệnh đề 1, but + mệnh đề 2. và ngược lại.

1. He often tells lies, but many people believe him. (Although) Although he often tells lies, many people believe him.

2. She wrote greeting cards to her dad on Father’s Dad although her father was dead. (but) Her father was dead, but she wrote greeting cards to her dad on Father’s Day. 3. Although he is over 60, he doesn’t wear glasses. (but) He is over 60, but he doesn’t wear glasses.

4. It got dark, but they continued to work. (Even though) Even though it was dark, they continued to work.

5. She kept on studying though it was noisy. (but) It was noisy, but she kept on studying.

6. He is very strong, but I’m not afraid of him. (although) Although he is very strong, I’m not afraid of him.

7. The plane took off. though the weather was bad. (but) The weather was bad, but the plane took off.

8. He didn’t stop his car although the traffic lights turned red. (but)

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“The harder you work -> The more successful you get”

The traffic lights turned red, he didn’t stop his car.

VI/ Combine each pair of sentences into one by using a suitable relative pronouns 1. The pupil is very poor. He gets the scholarship. → The pupil who gets the scholarship is very poor.

2. The festival is called Easter. It is in the late March or early April.

- The festival which is in late Mrach or early April is called Easter.

3. My teacher punished the pupil. That pupil was naughty. → My teacher punished the pupil who was naughty.

4. He is the only person. He can solve this difficult problem. → He is the only person that can solve this difficult problem.

5. The teacher can’t come to class today. He teaches us English. → The teacher who teaches us English can’t come to class today.

6. This is the dictionary. I bought it at that bookstore. → This is the dictionary which I bought at that bookstore.

4. Is this the book? You want me to read it. → Is this the book which you want me to read? *8. The girl has just gone out. Do you know her? → Do you know the girl has just gone out? * VII/ Rewrite the following sentences so that it has the same meaning as the first one 1. Tom will not pass the examination even though he studied well → Despite studying/ having studied well, Tom will not pass the examination.

2. Despite not having enough money, we decided to hold a party → Though we didn’t have enough money, we decided to hold a party.

3. He took a lot of photographs even though the sky was dark → Despite the dark sky, he took a lot of photographs.

4. Despite his hard life, he studied very well → Though his life was hard, he studied very well.

5. In spite of living in poverty, they were always admired → Although they lived in poverty, they were always admired.

6. He passed the final examination even though he was frequently absent from class → In spite of being frequently absent from class, he passed the final examination.

7. She is still fat even though she has been on a diet for 2 years → Despite having been on diet for 2 years, she is still fat.

8. Although she doesn’t earn much money, she spends like a millionaire → In spite of not earning much money, she spends like a millionair.

--- THE END ---

UNIT 9: NATURAL DISASTER B. Exercises I. Choose the word in each group that has the underlined part pronounced differently from the rest.

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“The harder you work -> The more successful you get”

1.

A. temperature B. typhoon B. forecast 2.

A. border 3.

A. volume B. trust 4.

A. slavery B. highland 5.

A. abrupt B. Pacific 6.

A. behave B. Passover 7.

A. battery B. damage 8.

A. Celsius B. expect II. Fill in the gap with a word from the box.

C. congratulate C. thunderstorm C. funnel C. decorate C. delta C. destroy C. volcano C. extensive

D. tidal D. discover D. erupt D. nominate D. behavior D. erupt D. collapse D. predict

collapse – temperature – expect – forecast – funnel – damage 1. When you’ve ground the coffee, use a funnel to pour it into the jar.

2. The forecast said that there’s a possibility of snow tonight.

3. The building’s foundations are rather shaky, and it could collapse at any time.

4. Strong winds had caused serious damage to the roof.

5. There has been a sudden rise in temperature over the past few days.

6. We are going to the mountains, so we expect good weather this weekend.

III. Fill in each blanks with a correct relative pronoun (who/ whom/ which). Add comma(s) if it is necessary.

1. Last week we went to Hue, which is the ancient capital of Viet Nam. 2. The woman who lives next door to us is a weathercaster on a local TV station 3. The shoes which I bought were made in Italy.

16. What’s the name of the lady who was wearing the gold dress.

17. Ha Long Bay, which consists of hundreds of beautiful islands, is the world’s heritage.

18. Jack London, who wrote “The Call of the Wild”, is a famous American writer.

7. The car which won the race looked very futuristic.

8. I thought I recognized the assistant who served us.

9. This morning I met somebody whom I haven’t seen for ages.

10. The boy whom Mary is talking to is my brother.

IV/ Read the following passage and do the exercise below it.

Almost a hundred thousand people were killed and half a million homes burnt to the ground because of an earthquake in Tokyo in 1923. The earthquake began a minute before noon when the inhabitants of Tokyo were cooking their midday meals. All the food and stoves fell onto the ground as soon as the earth began to shake. For this reason, small fires occurred and quickly spread. The fires trucks came to help 10 minutes late because many of the street were too crowded then. As a result, more people were killed in the fires than by the collapse of buildings. * Write T of F for each statement.

1) Half a million homes were completely destroyed. T 2) The earthquake struck the city of Tokyo at 12a.m. F 3) The fire trucks arrived soon enough to fight the fires. F 4) The collapse of buildings killed one hundred thousand people. F V. Correct the errors in adjective clause structures.

1. I enjoy the book that you told me to read it. ø

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“The harder you work -> The more successful you get”

2. Phong still remembers the man who he taught him to play the guitar when he was a boy. ø 3. I don’t like to spend time with people which lose their tempers easily. who 4. We don’t forget the typhoon which it swept through our village five years ago. ø 5. One of the people which I admire most is my aunt. whom 6. Football is the only sport which I am interested in. that 7. Mr. Ba has some good advice for anyone they wants to learn a second language. that 8. Students are living on campus are close to their classrooms and the library. Students who 9. Uncle Ho was born in Lang Sen that is a small village in Nam Dan, Nghe An. which VI. Fill in the blank with one suitable preposition.

1. The music is too loud. Could you turn down a little?

2. They read the news on the Internet.

3. Ha Noi will have temperatures between 230C and 270C. 4. You shouldn’t laugh at the disabled.

5. The earthquake in Kobe in 1995 killed a large number of people.

6. A tornado looks like a funnel.

7. Tornado can suck up anything that is in their part.

8. I agree with my mother about most things.

9. Tomorrow it will be cloudy during the day.

10. Ho Chi Minh City and areas to the south will be sunny. *VII. Fill in the blank space with the correct from of the words in parentheses: 1- Tidal waves are one of the great forces of nature. (tide) 2- Today scientists can predict when a tidal wave will hit land. (science) 3- If we want to look after the environment, we should protect tropical rainforests. (tropic) 4- We had left the city safely before tidal waves came. (safe) 5- Thousands of people have been made homeless by the flooding. (home) 6- Thunder makes me terrible (terrify) 7- HCM City can expect thunderstorms someday. (expectation) 8- The eruption of the volcanoes is always disastrous. (erupt) 9. Tsunamis, earthquakes and typhoons are natural disasters. (nature) 10. Our prediction turns out to be correct. (predict) VIII. Combine each pair of sentences with who, whom, which. Put the comma(s) where necessary.

1. The weatherman is saying on TV. He lives next door.

- The weatherman who is saying on TV lives next door. *2. Natalie is very clever. She is a friend of Emma.

- Natalie who is very clever is a friend of Emma.

3. We found a safe shelter. Ann recommended it to us.

- We found a safe shelter which Ann recommended to us.

4. The tidal wave was too huge. It hit Anchorage in the 1960s.

- The tidal wave which hit Anchorage in the 1960s was too huge.

5. John is one of my closest friends. I’ve known him for a very long time.

- John whom I’ve known for a very long time is one of my closest friends.

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“The harder you work -> The more successful you get”

6. The man is a computer expert. You were talking to him.

- The man whom you were talking to is a computer expert.

7. A typhoon will come next three days. It can reach 120 km per hour.

- The typhoon which can reach 120 km per hour will come next three days.

8. Alex never trusts weather forecast. He likes watching weather forecast.

- Alex, who likes watching weather forecast, never trusts it.

9. This morning I saw a tornado. I hadn’t seen it for ages.

- This morning I saw a tornado which I hadn’t seen for ages.

10. The eruption was from Mount Pinatubo. It happened this morning.

- The eruption which happened this morning was from Mount Pinatubo.

--- THE END ---

UNIT 10: LIFE ON OTHER PLANNETS B. EXERCISES: I/ Match each word in the column B with its definition in the column A. A B 1. Creatures from other planets. a) sociable: …………………..

2. People who travel in a spacecraft. b) gas station: ……………………

3. People who show their feeling easily. c) emotional: …………………….

4. A place where people can get fuel. d) astronauts: …………………….

5. A person who enjoys being with other people. e) aliens: …………………………. * Keys: 1. e 2. d 3. c 4. b 5. a II/ Fill in each space with an appropriate word from the list.

- precious: ……………………..

- evidence: ………………………

- creatures: …………………….

- existed: …………………………

- viewpoint: ……………………

- object: …………………………..

- samples: ………………………

- jump: ………………………...

1) Scientists use some samples of soil to study the region.

2) Tell me your viewpoint on this matter.

3) There is an evidence of life here three thousand years ago.

4) Do you believe that UFOs really existed in the world ?

5) It’s easy to jump very high on the moon.

6) Diamond is a precious kind of stone.

7) Blue whales are the largest creatures ever to have lived.

8) Look, there’s a strange object in the sky.

III/ Fill in the blank with one suitable preposition.

1. Have you ever heard about UFOs? 2. The satellite will remain in orbit for several years.

3. A pilot reported that he saw nine large round objects traveling at about 2,800 meters an hour.

4. Once you get on the space trip, you will be in a different world.

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“The harder you work -> The more successful you get”

5. The first man walked onto the moon on 21 July 1969.

6. Do you want to take a trip to Mars?

7. The airplane had 125 passengers and crew on board.

IV/ Write a sentence with if … for each situation. Use a type 1 conditional (if+ the present tense + will/ can).

1. Rachel might fail her driving test. But she can take it again.

- If Rachel fail her driving test, she can take it again.

2. The office may be closed. In that case Mark won’t be able to get in.

- If the office is closed, Mark won’t be able to get in.

3. The children mustn’t go near Nick’s dog. It’ll bite them.

- If the children go near Nick’s dog, It’ll bite them.

4. Nick and Martha may arrive a bit early. If they do, they can help Tom to get things ready.

- If Nick and Martha arrive a bit early, they can help Tom to get things ready.

5. The party might go on all night. If it does, no one will want to do any work tomorrow.

- If the party go on all night, no one will want to do any work tomorrow.

6. Emma may miss the train. But she can get the next one.

- If Emma miss the train, she can get the next one.

V. Write a sentence with if … for each situation. Use a type 2 conditional (if+ the past tense + would/ could).

1. I’m not rich, so I won’t be able to take a space trip.

- If I were rich, I would be able to take a space trip.

2. We don’t visit you very often because you live so far away.

- If you didn’t live so far away, we would visit you very often.

3. Sandra can’t take a photo because she doesn’t have her camera.

- If Sandra had her camera, she could take a photo.

4. She buys a lot of clothes, so she has no money.

- If she bought fewer clothes, she would have money.

5. I have to work tomorrow evening, so I can’t meet.

- If I didn’t have to work tomorrow evening, I could meet you.

6. It’s raining, so we can’t have lunch in the garden.

- If it weren’t raining, we could have lunch in the garden.

VI/ Supply the correct verb form.

1) You would feel better if you took a short rest. (take) 2) What would happen if the moon disappeared ? (happen) 3) If I saw an alien, I would shake his hand. (see) 4) If we have a trip to space, we can orbit the Earth 16 times a day. (orbit) 5) If you were on board now, you would experience extremely marvelous things. (experience) 6) If you found (find) a wallet on the street, what would you do with it?

7) I would felp (help) you if I could, but I’m afraid I can’t.

8) I must hurry. My friend will be (be) annoyed if I am not (not be) on time.

9) If I were you, I wouldn’t wait (not wait). I would go (go) right now.

10) If the phone rings (ring), can you answer it?

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“The harder you work -> The more successful you get”

VII/ Finish the second sentence so that it has the same meaning as the first.

1. I’m not a doctor, so I can’t help you.

If I were a doctor, I could help you.

2. He is very poor, so he can’t send his children to school.

If he were rich, he could send his children to school.

3. Be quiet, or you will not understand the lesson.

If you are quiet, you will understand the lesson./ If you aren’t quiet, you won’t understand the lesson.

4. Don’t be impatient, or you will make regrettable mistakes.

If you are impatient, you will make regrettable mistakes.

5. Nick can’t find the way because he does not have a map.

Nick could find the way if he had a map.

6. Perhaps it will rain tomorrow.

It may rain tomorrow.

VIII/ Read the passage carefully and write T or F for each statement. (2, 5ms ) An unidentified flying object or a U.F.O is the name we give to something strange in the sky that we don’t recognize. For thousands of years there have been stories about strange objects in the sky. Until recently, however, nobody believed these stories. Some of them sounded just too crazy to be true. If you reported seeing a “ flying saucer ” or something like that, most people thought you are imagining things. Recently, however, there have been many more reports of U.F.O sightings. Many of these objects, too, have been seen by more than one person, so it is not easy to laugh at them. Occasionally photographs have been taken which show that there was something there. But what was it? There is still such lot we don’t understand about the world we live in.

1) A U.F.0 is a short name for an unidentified flying object. T 2) There have been stories about strange objects in the sky for thousands of years. T 3) Until recently, most people believed in the existence of U.F.Os. F 4) Photographs are not evidence for U.F.O appearance. T 5) There is much that has been explained clearly about our world. F ----------- The end -----------

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