U.F

U R BA N F I LT E R Ya-Ying Liu_ NTUT Dept of Architecture 2012-2013

The project aims to metabolism physically, economically and socially an obsolete infrastructural landscape by exploring the urban potentials of combing wastewater treatment processes with new urban metabolism, by that challenging the social and environmental issues resulting from Taipei city expansion.

Intro

Nature

Human Interfered Nature

Industrial Revolution

Ultra High-rise Building

Urban Expansion

Lacking Water

Pollited Water Released

Lack of Parling Spaces

FACTS OF WATER World Population 1960 : 3,039,4 million 2010 : 6,848,9 million 2060 : 9,615,1 million Water consumption Low developed countries : 20 litres per day (7.5 m3 per year) Developting countries : 60-150 litres per day (20 m3 per year) Developed countries : 500-800 litres per day (300 m3 per year) Water Scarcity About one-third of the world's population lives in countries suffering from moderate-to-high water stress - where water consumption is more than 10 per cent of renewable freshwater resources.

By 2020, water use is expected to increase by 40 percent, and 17 percent more water will be required for food production to meet the needs of the growing population The major factors causing increasing water demand over the past century are population growth, industrial development and the expansion of irrigated agriculture.

Data from UNESCO

Source : http://enviroscope.iges.or.jp/contents/eLearning /waterdemo/factsforall.htm

WATER USE IN TAIPEI DATA FOR NORTH TAIWAN WATER

Water consumption trends from 1996 to 2010

Total water:

Source:

Housing

Ground water: 34%

Housing

Surface water: 66%

Agriculture

2000

2000

1973

1900

Million m3

Water consumption structure:

Agriculture

1900

1840 1800

1797

1700

Agriculture 49.46% 11.30%

Housing

39.25%

1800

2152

1615

1600

1527

1500

Year

1996

2001

2004

2007

2010

Year

1996

4886 629

550

4800

Million m3

600

Million m3

2010

2007

Total water consumption

Industry

650

water is reducing.

2004

2001

Total

A person needs 431 litres per day

Housing water is increasing and Agriculture

2033

2004

1500

Industry

1996 - 2010:

2292

2283

1700

1600

Industry

Million m3

4112.51 billion cubic meters (2010)

546 524

500

4600

4597

4400 465

450

4347

465

4200

4203

400

4112

4000 Year

1996

2001

2004

2007

2010

Year

1996

2001

2004

2007

2010

Water consumption trends from 1996 to 2010. Source:Taiwan Water Resources Agency Ministry of Economic Affairs

WATER INFRASTRUCTURE IN TAIPEI Keelung River The Keelung River originates in the m o u n ta i n s w e s t- n o r t h w e s t o f t h e t o w n of Jingtong in Pingxi District, New Taipei City, flows down to a rift valley and then f l o ws E N E to S a n d i a o l i n g . T h e n i t f l o ws n o r t h w a r d t o a p o i n t b e t w e e n C h i u fe n a n d Ke e l u n g C i t y, a n d t h e n h e a d s b a c k i n a g e n e r a l W S W d i r e c t i o n t o Ta i p e i , w h e r e i t j o i n s t h e Ta m s u i R i v e r a n d f l o w s o u t t o s e a .T h e K e e l u n g R i v e r i s heavily polluted by both raw sewage and industrial pollution from illegal industry.

The restoration of the natural river is on the agenda of the Taipei City Government, Ta i p e i C e n t ra l G o v e r n m e n t a n d s e v e ra l citizen organizations.

Danshui River The Danshui River begins at the confluence of Xindian Creek and Dahan Creek at the western boundary of Taipei and New Taipei City, just north of Banqiao District, and flows northward and northwestward nad empties into the Taiwan Strait.The Tamsui River is heavily polluted by both raw sewage and industrial pollution from illegal industry.

Clean up and natural river restoration is on the agenda of the Taipei City Government, Taiwan Central Government and several citizen organizations.

Data from Wikipedia

Danshui River

Keelung River

Dahan Creek

Xindian Creek

Urban Metabolism

Lu Zhou

Site

SATELLITE CITY LUZHOU Luzhou District Luzhou District is located in the northwest of Taipei basin, western coast of Tamsui River down stream, south-west of Shizi Island (sand bar beside Tamsui River) in Shilin District Taipei City. Lots of immigrants thus moved in due to its great location and convenient transportation.

In 1984, the Erchong Floodway was finished, and the district plan &policy were completed, hence that Luzhou is now growing rapidly. Once MRT Luzhou line service is on, this service will provide and improve quite a lot of the living standard and stimulate the re-development of surrounded areas in Luzhou. Now, Luzhou is already a developed district. Due to its location, government made a good use of Erchong Floodway area transforming it into an ecology park. This park provides civilians with multi-facilities and bicycle path, etc.Area : 6.96km² (8.2 km²including river) Population : 199,619 (2013) Density : 26,847.66km² DATA from NTPC

SOURCE: http://foreigner.ntpc.gov.tw/_file/2968/SG/46174/

SOURCE: http://commons.wikimedia.org /wiki/File:Luzhou_and_Sanchong_District_(Taiwan).jpg

In these conditions traditional industrial economy of Luzhou, together with the urban expanding and the process of urban renewal in Taipei and as a result contemporary Taipei masterplanning, leave no possibility for the future development for local population, forcing current workers remove their factories.

Problem

EXISTING INFRASTRUCTURES IN LUZHOU

1.MRT 2.Canal

Shuinan

A

C

B

Site

A

E

B C

F

D

E

F

The project ''Urban Filter'' approaches seceral components that exist in the area of Luzhou: 1. The current Social situation 2. The unequal Water distribution and a newly proposed water treatment infrastructure 3. The creation of new Landscapes and linked by the watertreatment park The project use the Waster watertreatment process as a link for Urban Filter and a medium to generate Urban Metabolism

Proposal

A.D

A.D 1898

1898

A.D

1921

A.D

A.D

1966

1974

Selected Line

Selected Line

Selected Line

Selected Line

Primary Road

Primary Road

Primary Road

Primary Road

Canal

Canal

Canal

Canal

A.D 1921

A.D 1966

A.D 1974

Canal

Primary Road

A.D 1974 Road

A.D 1974 Canal

Farm

Ratio of 300m

A.D 1974 Village

A.D 1974 Farm

Ratios of 500m

Primary Road Secondary Road

A.D 2013 Road

Canal

A.D 2013 Canal

Industrial Area

MRT Station

A.D 2013 Mrt Station

A.D 2013 Industry Area

Selected Line

Historical Main Road

Water treatment

Primary Screen

Pump

Sedimentation

56x12x4m 2700m3 x8 Surface overflow rate : 47.6CMD/m2

Secondary Pump

Bioreactor

58x16x6.5m 6300m3 x12 Watertreated 4.5h

Tertiary Pump

Aeration

80x20x3.5m 2400m3 x2

Digesters

80x40x3.5m 19200m3 x1

Sedimentation

50x12x5 3000m3 x16 Surface overflow rate : 26.4CMD/m2 Solid loading rate : 3.9kg/m2/h

Pump

Chlorination

5.5x4.5x4m 110m3x2

Discharge

Sludge Heat pump plant

21.7x20.5x6m 2500m3 x2

40.8x23.8x7.5m 7500m3

Deorizing Room

28x23.8s7.5m 9000m3x2

Source :http://www.sso.taipei.gov.tw/ct.asp?xItem=208231&CtNode=19805&mp=106041

Free Surface Constructed Wetland The wetland is flooded with wastewater to a depth of 10 to 45cm above ground level. Pre-treated wastewater [from septic tank orbiogas settler] enters the basin viz a weir or a distribution pipe.

This system is appropritate for small sections of urban areas or for periurban and rural commuities because of the land surface requrired.

Horizontal Flow Constructed Wetland Pre- treated wastewater [ from septic tank or imhoff tank] flows slowly through the porous filter medium [sand or gravel] under the surface of the bed in a horizontal path until it reaches the outlet zone. The water level is maintained at 5 to 15cm below the surface to ensure subsurface flow.

Vertical Flow Constructed Wetland Pre- treated wastewater is distributed over the filter surface and drains vertically through the filter layers towards a drainage system at the bottom.

The drainage pipes are covered with gravel. On top of this gravel is a sand layer there is another gravel layer [ 10cm ], in order to avoid water accumuating on the surface.

Source: http://issuu.com/aalandscapeurbanism/docs/the-roots-of-water-huairou-beijing

1.

2.

3.

4

5.

6.

7.

8.

1.Marrubium-Vulgare

5.Salix Lasiolepis

2.CyperusHaspan

6.Typhonodorum Lindleyanum

3.Frankenia Grandifolia

7.Baccharis Salicifolia

4.Pontederia Cordata

8.Typha Latifolia

Different parametes create the component's surfcae to change according to terrain specifications. Reactions to slope variations and water proximity widens and deepens the prototype's canal. To accelerate or deaccelerate water flow. Resulting geometry provide possible program implementations.

Prototype Development

Geometrical Unit Deformations The hexagon is taken as base shape for further deformation, which are optimising the wastewater treatment performance.

The water flows through the stages of the cleaning treatment with different speed.

Water course speed deepens the canal to accelerate or deaccelerate water ow Reacts to attractor point Z-axis movement

River proximity widens and closes the canal width Reacts to closet point on cur ve X-Axis movement

Component Adaption To Terrian Parameters -4

-3

-3

-3

-2

-2

-2

-1

-1

-1

+0

+1

+0

+0

+2

+1

+1

+3

+4

+2

+2

+3

+3

Va r i o u s S l o p e s T h e s e c ti o n a l d raw i n g s fo r d i ffe re nt s l o p e s i n u s e d to p ro d u c e a cata l o g u e o f wate r p o n d s , i nf ra st r u c t u re a n d l a n d s ca p e . T h i s cata l o g u e d e te r m i n e s d i ffe re nt t y p e s o f s l o p e ca n b e i m p l e m e nte d to d i ffe re nti ate a re a s i n re l ati o n s to t h e t re at m e nt t y p e s . T h i s wo u l d h e l p to d efi n e d i f fe re nt l a n d s ca p e a n d to a l l ow t h e g ro u n d to b e re p o n s i ve to va r i ati o n s i n ti s u s e w i t h i nte ra c ti o n s to p e o p l e Width 2m

Width 1m

+0 -0.5 -1 -1.5 -2 -2.5

Width 2m

+0 -0.5 -1 -1.5 -2 -2.5

Width 0.5m

+0 -0.5 -1 -1.5 -2 -2.5

Width 2.5m

+0 -0.5 -1 -1.5 -2 -2.5

Width 0.5m

+0 -0.5 -1 -1.5 -2 -2.5

Width 3m

+0 -0.5 -1 -1.5 -2 -2.5

Width 0.5m

+0 -0.5 -1 -1.5 -2 -2.5

Width 3.5m

+0 -0.5 -1 -1.5 -2 -2.5

Width 0.5m

+0 -0.5 -1 -1.5 -2 -2.5

Width 3m

+0 -0.5 -1 -1.5 -2 -2.5

Width 1m

+0 -0.5 -1 -1.5 -2 -2.5

Width 3.5m

+0 -0.5 -1 -1.5 -2 -2.5

Width 1m

+0 -0.5 -1 -1.5 -2 -2.5

Width 4m

+0 -0.5 -1 -1.5 -2 -2.5

Width 1m

+0 -0.5 -1 -1.5 -2 -2.5

Width 4.5m +0 -0.5 -1 -1.5 -2

+0 -0.5 -1 -1.5 -2 -2.5

Width 1.5m +0 -0.5 -1 -1.5 -2

A

B

A

A

A

A

The square of the prototype is 10m by 20m

The square of the prototype is 10m by 20m

The square of the prototype is 10m by 20m

The square of the prototype is 10m by 20m

In this catalogue, prototype’s border was fixed

In this catalogue, prototype’s border was fixed

In this catalogue, prototype’s border was fixed

In this catalogue, prototype’s border was fixed

The A point was controlled move to left direction by 1 meters every variation The B point was controlled move to left direction by 1 meters every variation

Slope A

3

Slope B

B

The A point was fixed The B point was controlled move to left direction by 1 meters every variation

Slope A

3 Depth

3 Depth

1m Capacity

1m Capacity

5000m²

Slope A

5

Slope B

4900m²

Slope A

Depth

5 Depth

1.5m Capacity

1.5m Capacity

7850m²

4

Slope B

7500m²

Slope A

4

Slope B 7

Depth

5 Depth

1.25m Capacity

1.25m Capacity

6400m²

Slope A

5

Slope B 6

Slope A

3

Slope B

3

Slope B

6400m²

Slope A

3

Slope B 7

Depth

4 Depth

1m Capacity

1m Capacity

5700m²

5250m²

B

The A point was controlled move to left direction by 1 meters every variation

B

The A point was controlled move to north-west direction by 1 meters every variation

The square of the prototype is 10m by 20m In this catalogue, prototype’s border was fixed B

The A point was controlled move to left direction by 1 meters every variation

The B point was fixed

The B point was fixed

The B point was controlled move to north-east direction by 1 meters every variation

Slope A

Slope A

Slope A

3

Depth

Depth

Capacity

Capacity

Slope A 5

Capacity

Slope A

4

3

Depth

Depth

1m

1m

1m

3

4

4

4

Capacity

Capacity 5050m²

Slope A

Slope B

Slope B

Capacity

6400m²

6250m²

Slope A

Depth

5

1.25m Capacity

Capacity

3

4

Depth 1.25m

6250m²

Slope B

Slope A

Slope B

Depth 1.25m

Capacity

7500m²

4

4

Slope A

Capacity

Slope B

Depth

5

1.5m

7400m²

4

5

Depth 1.5m

7400m²

Slope B

Slope A

Slope B

Depth 1.5m

Capacity

4900m²

5

5

Slope A

5

Slope B

Depth

1m Capacity

4850m²

4850m²

Slope B

3 Depth

1m

1m

3

Slope B 3

3

Slope A

3

Slope B

Slope B

5050m²

5250m²

A

B

A

A

A

A

The square of the prototype is 10m by 20m

The square of the prototype is 10m by 20m

The square of the prototype is 10m by 20m

The square of the prototype is 10m by 20m

In this catalogue, prototype’s border was fixed

In this catalogue, prototype’s border was fixed

In this catalogue, prototype’s border was fixed

In this catalogue, prototype’s border was fixed

The A point was controlled move to left direction by 1 meters every variation The B point was controlled move to left direction by 1 meters every variation

Slope A

4

Slope B

B

The A point was controlled move to left direction by 1 meters every variation The B point was fixed

Slope A

3 Depth

4 Depth

Capacity

9

Slope B

Slope A

4

Capacity

Capacity 6800m²

12

Slope B

Slope A

5

Slope B 3

Depth

3 Depth

1m Capacity

5

Slope A

4

1.25m Capacity

5

6400m²

Slope A

5

Slope B 3

Depth

3 Depth

1m Capacity

5050m²

6

Depth

6200m²

1m Capacity

5250m²

Slope A

Slope B

Slope B

Depth

Capacity 5700m²

5

7500m²

1.25m

3

1m

Capacity

Capacity

Slope B

1.5m

4

6200m²

Slope A

4 Depth

7366m²

Slope A

6

Slope B

Depth

Capacity

Slope A

4

1.25m

6400m²

6

Slope B

Depth

1m

4900m²

1.5m

4

1.25m

3

Capacity

Capacity

5

4

Depth

Depth

Slope B

Depth

Slope A

7366m²

Slope A

Slope A

4850m²

4

4

1.25m

Slope A

6

The B point was controlled move to north-east direction by 1 meters every variation

1m

Slope B

Capacity

The A point was controlled move to left direction by 1 meters every variation

Slope B

Capacity

6

In this catalogue, prototype’s border was fixed B

3

1.5m

7500m²

4

Depth

Depth

Slope B

Depth

Slope A

4

Capacity

Slope A

4850m²

1.5m

7850m²

The B point was fixed

1m

Slope B

Depth 1.5m

Slope A

6

The A point was controlled move to north-west direction by 1 meters every variation

Slope B

Capacity

Slope B

B

3

4900m²

Slope A

4

Depth

Capacity

8

Slope A

1m

5000m²

Slope B

The B point was controlled move to left direction by 1 meters every variation

Slope B

Depth

Capacity

The A point was fixed

3

1m

Slope A

4

Slope B

B

The square of the prototype is 10m by 20m

1m Capacity

5050m²

5250m²

Factory Unit

-Factory Unit -1st StageWetland

Housing Unit

-Lifted Housing Unit - 2nd Stage Wetland

Lifted Housing Unit

-Lifted Housing Unit -3rd StageWetland

Accessibility Visibility

Treatment Stage

Flow Speed

Purification Cost Time Accessibility

Visibility

Treatment Stage

Flow Speed

Purification Cost Time Accessibility

Visibility

Treatment Stage

Flow Speed

Purification Cost Time

Accessibility Visibility

Treatment Stage

Flow Speed

Purification Cost Time

Accessibility Visibility

Treatment Stage

Flow Speed

Purification Cost Time Accessibility

Visibility

Treatment Stage

Flow Speed

Purification Cost Time Accessibility

Visibility

Treatment Stage

Flow Speed

Purification Cost Time

Accessibility Visibility

Treatment Stage

Flow Speed

Purification Cost Time

Massing Rules

Water Infrastructure Tertiary canal 1.5M

Small wetland 1.5M

Secdonary canal 2.5M

Large wetland 2.5M

Primary canal 3.5M

2.5M

Composed wetland 3.5M

Water Infrastructure

Wastewater

Rainwater

PRIMARY TREATMENT

SECONDARY TREATMENT

TERTIARY TREATMENT

Anaerobic Septic Tank 500-1500 L/Person

Horizontal Subsurface Flow Area:0.5m2/Person

Free Water Surface Area:1m2/Person

Master Plan