Daryl Law Zhe Han - Architecture Portfolio - Part 1 + Work Placements

DESIGN - PLACE-MAKING - REGNERATION - RESEARCH

AP1+_DL

20 15

20 20

ARCHITECTURE PORTFOLIO PART 1 + WORK PLACEMENTS

DARYL LAW ZHE HAN

CURRICULUM VITAE

HONOURS & AWARDS

Consistently commended by my faculty as demonstrating a rigorous research-led conceptual approach, a strong commitment to experiment and iterate, and high level of skills in beautifully made models and drawings. Recognition is also given to my ability to coordinate my colleauges in a collaborative project.

ARCHITECTURE, DESIGN & RESEARCH

2 0 1 9

Ong&Ong 360 Consultancy Part 1 architectural assistant, involved in:

2 0 2 0

Helen. A. Rose Bequest, ECA

Quest International University Perak New Campus, Tech & Education Hub - Masterplan proposal to revive underdeveloped commercial & resdential zone in Ipoh, Perak - New campus, strategic partner workspace, student housing, F&B outlets, and public park

Best graduating student in the MA Architecture programme

Aeon Mall Redesign, Bukit Raja, Klang - Proposal of neighbourhood-scale mall with reduced footprint and solutions to combat floodzone risks and increase outdoor activity area

J.R. McKay Silver Medal, Edinburgh Architectural Association

The Hill (working title), design competition shortlist - Mixed-used development comprising serviced apartments, workspace, boutique retail and public recreational facilities - Proposes retail component as an extension of neighbouring mature retail mall

Nominated for best Part 1 graduate

High-end apartments, Cumbala Hill, Mumbai - RFP - Contextual analysis of South Mumbai’s geography, amenities and architectural precedents - Unique design solutions to address unusual site constraints

Blueprint Magazine : Ones to Watch 2017

New Capitol of Indonesia - competition entry - In association : Ong&Ong Indonesia and Oriental Consulting Global - Contextual analysis to outline buildable land that minimizes disruption to natural environment

An annual feature of graduate works in architecture, design and communication. My Architectural Design: Any Place project was shortlisted to pre-publication stage.

Nancy Rosemary Henderson Award, ECA

2 0 1 9

Higher Education Design Quality Forum UK Representated the undergraduate architecture programme as a member of the student panel. The theme of HEDQF '19 was Design for Wellbeing.

Best performance in Architectural Design, 2nd year

Architecture Fringe Scotland '19 Participated in exhbitions with topics including curbing the excess of developer-designed housing in Scotland, artistic explorations of construction sites, and an audio-visual interactive installation of the city of Edinburgh

Walter Allan Yuill Award, ECA Best overall performance as 2nd year Architecture student

Architecture Year 1 Bursary: Best Performance in Architectural Design Architecture Year 1 Bursary: Best Overall Performance in 1st Year Architecture

2 0 1 8

Feilden Clegg Bradley Studios RIBA Part I Architectural Assistant; involved in: Shanghai Academy of Fine Art (SAFA) new campus - Completing a masterplan sketchbook for SAFA’s new campus which restores one of China’s largest disused foundries - Collegiate spatial planning for SAFA’s expanded curriculum which includes specialized workshops, teaching rooms, dormitories and civic facilities - The new campus is integrated into the transport and cultural masterplan of Shanghai’s Baoshan post-industrial district

SKILLS AND INTERESTS Architecture and Design Temple Quarters postgraduate campus of University of Bristol - Stage 2 concept design development - Iterative physical models to develop adjacencies and efficiency of service/structural cores and atria top daylighting Dwr Cymru Welsh Water Visitor Centre, Competition Winner - Visualizations and models for the competition entry - Iterative physcial site and building models Brabazon Bristol (YTL Developments) - Stage 2 Visualizations and iterative physical model of the masterplan Kirkstall Forge masterplan, Leeds - Updated illustrative masterplan and visualizations for the entry to World Architecture Festival Awards - winner of Future Masterplan

Software training in Revit and Dynamo AutoCAD, Microstation, Rhino3D, Sketchup, Vray, Enscape Adobe Illustrator, Photoshop, Indesign, After Effects, Premiere Pro Modelling with experience in machining timber, steel, and glass Hand drawing at conceptual and refined stages with attention to structural assembly and human interaction Large-scale installation using recycled materials Microsoft Office (Word, Excel, Powerpoint, Outlook) for documentation, correspondence and presentation

Languages English - fluent in speaking and writing Mandarin - fluent in speaking and writing Malay - fluent in speaking and writing

Alexandra Palace, London - Stage 5 concept design of the foyer bar for the restored Victorian Theatre

Richard Feilden Foundation - Eco-san Toilet facility for Rubengera Technical Secondary School, Rwanda

EXTRA-CURRICULAR AFFILIATIONS

Battersea Phase 3 Welfare Facility Design Competition Finalist

Edinburgh University Architecture School Society

Design and hands-on interior fitout for the construction worker's facility

Graphics & Comms, 2018 Designed a new people-focused visual identity for the society

Edinburgh Malaysian Students Association

2 0 1 7

Unilever Future Leaders League Representative of United Kingdom and Ireland Contributed in product design, graphic design, presentation and knowledge of commercial architecture. Main objectives were to market flavoured black tea as a gift (Europe finals) or as a staple in millennial lifestyle (national finals).

Publicity Coordinator, 2016-17 Promoting society events and raising awareness of Malaysian festivities and important national events Produced a digital brochure for Malaysian freshers with information on transport, accommodation, studies, leisure and living

Commissioned Designer, TCSJ Operations Dept

2 0 1 6

2 0 1 5

2 0 1 3

Ibis Styles Nusajaya Boutique Hotel Produced drafts for the interior design of the guestroom and hallway. This project is a collaboration with Guan Chong Manufacturer Sdn Bhd, a Malaysian food production company.

Taylor’s College Subang Jaya (TCSJ) Feasibility study of relocating the student development centre (SDC) to an extension between existing campus blocks. Includes office, study area, gym, meeting rooms, and music and dance rehearsal rooms.

Graphic materials for annual inductions and campus events.

Produced a wayfinder brochure that can be folded into an architectural representation of the campus buildings.

Welfare and Charity Keen Youths’ Society, TCSJ Publicity Director, 2014-15.

Produced a visual identiy for the society themed on vibrant colours.

Classroom Xperience, TCSJ Mentor in weekly classes for welfare home children. Lead designer for fundraiser and graduation events.

OS Jeat Architects

The Student’s Voice, TCSJ

First-hand experience of secretarial tasks, business meeting and site visits/ meetings. Tasked to draft a proposal of a reservoir tower for a local ganoderma manufacturer

Lead editorial designer of the college newspaper.

Produced the visual identity of the newspaper, with typography as the central theme.

PROJECTS

OOMY

Quest International University Perak

4

New Capital of Indonesia

9

Redesign of Aeon Mall

10

The Hill, Subang Jaya

11

Shanghai Academy of Fine Arts

13

Kirkstall Forge, Leeds

15

Brabazon, Filton Airfield, Bristol

15

Llanishen-Lisvane Reservoir Visitor Center

16

Theatre Bar, Alexandra Palace

17

EcoSan Toilets, Rubengera Technical Secondary School

18

Falkirk High Street Masterplan

19

Material Priorities : Falkirk High Street Square

29

Material Priorities : The Garment Factory, Glasgow

35

Y4S1

On Drawing : Aediculae

38

Y3S2

Design Report Analysis : Bkt Bintang MRT Station

44

Y3S1

Ivory Towers & Smoke Stacks

48

Annexes & Artifacts

49

Y2S2

Library In Trastevere, Rome

51

Y2S1

Form, Space & Order

53

Architecture School, Edinburgh

55

George Square Pavilion, Edinburgh

58

Material World : Small Projects

62

House for a Violin Maker

66

Y1S1

Writer’s Retreat

67

DSGN

Welfare Facility Design Competition

69

Unilever Future Leaders’ League 2017

70

Visual Identity, EUSAS 2019-20

72

APWL

Y4S2

Y1S2

Design Placemaking Regeneration / Adaptive Reuse Research

WORK PLACEMENTS

OOMY ONG&ONG 360 20 20

QUEST INTERNATIONAL UNIVERSITY PERAK HIGHER EDUCATION MASTERPLAN - PLANNING & CONCEPT DESIGN STAGE Project lead : Kee Keat, Edwin Project teammates : Tiffany, Zharif

The design team signed onto Quest University’s plan for a new campus that will accommodate more students, more programs and specialized facilities. The university wishes to preserve their hands-on learning environment and strong, diverse partnerships with industry professionals.

We collaborated with the registrar and staff members to build a database of technical requirements and quality of space for each program, including, amongst others, that of biotechnology, finace, agriculture, hospitality, and early childhood education.

Taking cues from Raphael’s School of Athens, we proposed a Forum as the campus‘ primary organizing element. It is a semi-outdoor space that directs the movement of people from beyond the campus to the learning spaces, and doubles as a graduation venue. Self-directed learning facilities (in blue islands) are located between teaching rooms and laboratories to encourage interaction between different programs.

The brief later evolved into a masterplan that further includes workspace for strategic partners, student housing, retail units and a

pocket park. The proposal aims to activate an underused commercial district and establish strong connections to nearby retail and industrial hubs.

Top : Ongoing analysis of the distribution of general, specialized and independent learning areas Middle : Summary of the campus’ gross internal floor area Top : Excerpt of the schedule of accommodation prepared by the project team to gather all programmatic requirements of the new campus

KEY DATA

CODE (BlockFloor Level Subject TypeRoom Variant)

BIOHEALTH SCIENCES

Activities / Functions Approach to teaching

FINISHES/FINISHES TYPE Max. Occupant Recommended Group Load Internal Floor Size (sqm pp) Area (sqm) (Pax)

Min. Ceiling Natural/Mech.

Height Ventilation (m)

Acousti Privacy Daylig cs (dB) Security Level hting and Access & from acousti and externa CCTV Lighti c l, from treatme ng internal nt

Fixed Audiovisual/ Water Specialist Hot/Cold/ Equipment Gas (Supplied by QIUP)

Loose Audiovisual/ Specialist Equipment (Supplied by QIUP)

Waste Type

Walls & Flooring Window Boards

Ceiling

Internal Doors

Window Internal Loose Fitted Furniture Skirtin Door and (Clear/Tin Furniture (Supplied by g Architrav ted/No (Supplied by QIUP TBC) Window) es QIUP)

Anatomy Dissection Hall (wet)

Dissection of cadavers, teaching. OSPEs.

50

5.50

275

BH-FL-LIB-ELCR

Education / Learning Resource Center

Pharmacy Dosage Form Library, Natural Product Library, Engineering Display, Computer Science Project Display.

30

6.17

185.1

BH-FL-LIB-APRC

Anatomy Pathology Resource Centre

Glass cabinets to display the normal and pathological specimens and plastinated specimens; Teaching and learning; self-directed study sessions; allow students to access information whilst studying physical specimens.

Showcase area.

50

2

100

BH-FL-L-AIL-1

Analytical High End Instrumental Lab

Commercial Laboratory. Heavy duty machines and some equipment using gas. Visitors to see from outside the room.

20

6.5

130

Microscopy Lab

20

6.5

130

BH-FL-L-AIL-2

Commercial Pathological Lab

50

6.5

325

BH-FL-L-ER

Environmental Research Lab

20

6.5

139.35

Laboratory. Heavy duty machines. 1500 sqft

Individual Air conditioning. 4 GEV to eliminate formalin fumes.

Large screen TV connected to microscopes

Individual air conditioning , Fuming hood

Normal lighting

water & gas.

Compresse d air, Nitrogen & Hydrogen – to be placed outside the building area

Tile/Vinyl Flooring

Cement, easily accessible and maintenancefriendly.Interstiti al, ceiling tilesepoxy coated

2 x Side benches: Epoxy coated 2 x Island benches: Epoxy coated with attached sink on ends. 1 x Eye Wash. 1x Emergency Shower

Gas piping and gas tank storage for ICP, AAS, etc. 200 sq. ft – Prep Room. Other preparation can be done in Project Lab. Near to Project Labs. Equipment is high end and heavy (heavy duty trolley access note: door size, thresholds, sealing, door kickplates, benches etc.) Allow allocated private area away from glass wall. Lowest ground level for heavy equipment. Room size required from a Lab Specialist.

Cement

1 x Emergency Shower. 1 x Eye Wash. 2 Side benches: Epoxy coated. 2 x Island benches: Epoxy coated with attached sink on ends

Near analytical labs. Separate Room for plastic research. Directly connecting to Ecobrick Room. Room size required from a Lab Specialist.

Biological, chemical and general waste; proper waste disposal container (acidic liquid & alkali or neutral liquid)

laminar flow x 5

Biological, chemical and general waste

Streamline d flooring epoxy

Cement

security access water & gas

5 L stir tank bioreactors x 5 OR 3

Biological, chemical and general waste

Seamless

Cement

BH-FL-L-FBL

BSL-2 Fermentation/Bio processing Lab

Laboratory (Biosafety Level 2)Incubator and shakers, 5 unit bioreactor (5L), UV/VIS Spec, micro and centrifuges, cell disrupters, rotary evap, freeze dryers, membrane filtration system

20

6.5

130

Individual air conditioning

Normal lighting

BH-FL-L-MW

Mock Ward (Not Including Consultation Room)

Teach communication and basic clinical skills (Consultation Room) and Mock Ward. 10 ward bed

75

4.74

355

BH-FL-L-CR

Clinical Skills (Consultation Room)

Doctor to Patient Mock Consultation Room. Room to be within Mock Ward

5

3.2

16

BH-FL-L-MDB-1

MDL-Biology Lab 01

Biology, Chemistry, Physics General type of practical

50

6.5

325

Smart Interactive Touchscreens for large display.

Treadmill, Trolleys.

Tile/Vinyl

Access for maintenance

Individual air conditioning

Microscope Cabinets

Tile/Vinyl Flooring

Interstitial ceiling tiles

Large screen TV connected to microscopes.

Microscope Cabinets.

DRYING OVEN, UV VIEWING CABINET, MELTING POINT APPARATUS

Tile/Vinyl Flooring

Interstitial ceiling tiles

Tile/Vinyl Flooring

Cement

BH-FL-L-MDC

Biology, Chemistry, Physics General type of practical

50

6.5

325

Individual air conditioning

BH-FL-L-PHC

Pharmacy Lab Pharmaceutical Chemistry

Laboratory Teaching

40

6.5

260

Individual air conditioning

BH-FL-L-PHT

Pharmacy Lab Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology

Laboratory Teaching

260

Individual air conditioning, roof mounted

Compounding Lab

Creation of a drug by a licensed pharmacist to meet the unique needs of an individual patient.

Admin & Staff

double door/ hatch system

Tinted Stainless steel window 1x wash basin. shelves, storage except for Emergency shower racks, Crossover growth room not needed.

Bench (no window)

Tinted window

6.5

195

BH-FL-L-MIC-2

Laboratory (Biosafety Level 2)

6.5

325

BH-FL-L-PR-1

For FYP Students

6.5

325

BH-FL-L-PR-2

Project Lab 02

For FYP Students

50

6.5

325

BH-FL-L-PR-3

Postgraduate Lab

Postgraduate Only

50

6.5

325

BH-FL-L-MYC

BSL-2 Mycology Lab - Commercial & Research

Laboratory (Biosafety Level 2) This lab must be isolated from other biological labs.

10

13.94

139.35

GFA (m2)

6000

Laboratory (Biosafety Level 2)Research studies on animal tissue

5

18.58

92.9

Centralised gas system.

Lighting

Yes

Yes

Hot,Cold. 2 x sinks with Audiovisual hot water supply.

Chemical waste

PROPOSED SoA

Yes

Audiovisual

Chemical waste

Practical

3 x Side benches: Epoxy coated 5 Island benches: Epoxy coated with attached sink on ends. 1 x Emergency Shower Wash. 1 x Eye Wash.

3 Side benches: Epoxy coated 5 Island benches: Epoxy coated with attached sink on ends.

1 x entrance door. 1 x exit door

BSL-2 Molecular Biology Lab

Laboratory (Biosafety Level 2)

50

6.5

325

BSL-3 Cytotoxic Drug Reconstitution & Sterile Prep Lab Commercial

0

BH-FL-L-PHYMT

Total Area

Floor Plan and Requirements to be provided by the University (MoH Guidelines)

Admin & Staff

BSL-2 Phycology Lab & Marine Toxicology Lab

20

11.613

232.26

4 CDR areas, 4 Sterile Areas (considered 2 separate areas)

Laboratory (Biosafety Level 2)

Social Sciences 10

6.5

67.5 5679.04

Near Centralized Prep Room. Room size required from a Lab Specialist.

1. Work benches max 2-tier shelf above benches; stainless steel; 2 plug points per workstation; springloaded retractable partitions 1 x Emergency Shower + Eye Wash.

Access for maintenace

Individual air conditioning

Air conditioning

6713.69

Exposed ceilings

security access water & gas fume hood

5426.3

laminar flow x 1; biosafety cabinet x 1

Biological, chemical and general waste

5450.54

Streamline d flooring epoxy

Cement

Tile/Vinyl Flooring

Interstitial ceiling tiles

Tile/Vinyl Flooring

Interstitial ceiling tiles

Tinted window

Near Centralized Prep Room. To include partition. Direct connection to the 'Compounding Lab'. Room size required from a Lab Specialist.

Total

Individual air conditioning.

Exhaust Fan HEPA Filter

Security access sealed door

Water & Gas

Biological, chemical and general waste

Streamline d flooring epoxy

Individual air conditioning, Fuming hood

Security access sealed door

Water & Gas (Carbon Dioxide)

Biosafety cabinet BSL2 x 2 CO2 incubators x 2

Biological, chemical and general waste

Streamline d flooring epoxy

Cement

Air conditioning

security access water & gas fume hood

laminar flow x 1; biosafety cabinet x 1

Biological, chemical and general waste

Streamline d flooring epoxy / Tiles

Cement

Cement

Required Airlock room (negative and positive). HEPA Filter Air Conditioning

6261.31

Business & Medicine & Engineering &5L air lift photo Other bioreactors x 2. fume Biological, water & gas, Normal security access hood x2 , air ducts , chemical and Air conditioning oxygen Management Biohealth Computer Science lighting general waste laminar flow x 1, tanks

University Block

dehumidifier

Cement

Sealed Doors . 1 x Entrance Door. 1 x Exit Door.

Cement

Room connecting to Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutics Technology. Room size required from a Lab Specialist.

Away from Plant Tissue Lab and Animal -20 degree Celcius Tissue Lab, but near Fermentation/Bioprocessing Lab and MDL freezer, -80 Biology Lab. Adjacent to Molecular Biology degree Celcius freezer, Lab. Uses Centralized Prep Room. Room size required from a Lab Specialist.

Rotary Evaporator Student sitting area, shared balance room.

Adjacent to Analytical High End Instrument With Chiller, Labs. Project Labs can share emergency Freeze Dryer, shower rooms. Room size required from a Microanalytical Lab Specialist.

Balance

Rotary Evaporator Student sitting area, adjacent to Analytical With Chiller, High End Instrument Labs. Project Labs can Freeze Dryer, share emergency showers. Room size Microanalytical required from a Lab Specialist.

Balance

24

37398.36

66.57%

Rotary Evaporator Student sitting area, adjacent to Analytical With Chiller, High End Instrument Labs. Project Labs can Freeze Dryer, share emergency showers. Room size Microanalytical required from a Lab Specialist.

Balance

This lab must be isolated from other biological labs (standalone)- distanced from Drawers, cabinets, Plant Tissue Culture and Animal Tissue side island Culture Labs. Fungal collection – separate benches rooms for plant and human area for handling.

Room size required from a Lab Specialist.

1 x Wash Basin. 1 x Eye Wash.

No window

Wash Basin. 1 x Eye Wash.

Stainless steel crossover bench drawers and cabinets

wash basin

drawers, cabinets, Loose partition boards to divide areas if necessary. Ground Floor due to heavy water side and island benches, racks for tanks and fish waste. Room size required from a Lab Specialist. fish tanks

Tinted window

3

7465.11 9134.35 2569.53 1243.84 1337.11 1840.6 91.50 410.59 365.23 478.15 24896.01 12,502.35

Away from Plant Tissue Lab and away from Animal Biology Lab. Storage room, washing area, media prep area. To be certified lab for testing ISO 17025. Room size required from a Lab Specialist.

Tinted window

Stainless steel with vision panel.

Door handle must prevent accidents by bumping or catching bag straps and clothes.

As Per Ministry of Health Guidelines.

Coved/Curv ed Flooring

Yes

3 Side benches: Epoxy coated 5 Island benches: Epoxy coated with attached sink on ends. Fixed benching to minimise/reduce vibrations. 1 x Emergency Shower. 1 x Eye Wash.

1 x Wash Basin. 1 x Eye Wash. 1 x Emergency Shower. 3 Side benches: Epoxy coated 5 Island benches: Epoxy coated with attached sink on ends 3 Side benches: Epoxy coated 5 Island benches: Epoxy coated with attached sink on ends. 1 x Emergency Shower. 1 x Eyewash. Fixed benching to minimise/reduce vibrations.

3 Side benches: Epoxy coated 5 Island benches: Epoxy coated with attached sink on ends. 1 x Emergency Shower. 1 x Eyewash. Fixed benching to minimise/reduce vibrations.

3 Side benches: Epoxy coated 5 Island benches: Epoxy coated with attached sink on ends. 1 x Emergency Shower. 1 x Eyewash. Fixed benching to minimise/reduce vibrations.

Student Occupancy

13522.52

2000 BH-FL-L-CDR

Near Centralized Prep Room. Room size required from a Lab Specialist.

Flammable and acid storage cabinets; solid & Near Centralized Prep Room. Room requires semi-solid 'fitted' benches which enable minimal/no chemical cabinets; vibration [alternative: with retractable casters].

Storage area, Room size required from a Lab Specialist. washing area, prep area

Business & Medicine & Engineering & Social Sciences Management Biohealth Computer Science Other 1674.33 1999.28 2916.65 574.85 1314.31 321.4 5457.94 2040.70 83.08 849.82 814.26 822.37 234.4 197.28 727.16 85.00 1337.11 1840.6 67.5 24 38.5 117.44 169.2 45.45 78.45 58.72 133.38 45 49.68 104.73 99.86 117.44 64.86 91.26 3933.79 3230.3 3803.54 10195.07 3709.31 24 2,779.90 2,196.00 1,647.00 3,327.45 2552.00 Student Occupancy

4000

BH-FL-L-MB

Requires storage space. Dispensing Room, Clinical Observation Area - ICU Machine, Pharmacy Trolley, Treadmill. Mock Ward may have robotic surgery/rehabilitation equipment in the future. 10 ward beds. Room size required from a Lab Specialist.

3 x Side benches: Epoxy coated 5 Island benches: Epoxy coated with attached sink on ends

8000

BSL-2 Animal Tissue Culture Lab

Not near microbiology, away from other labs as an independent.

Internal Rooms: 1 x dark Growth Room (staff only?) school has a red line to stop students from crossing). 1 x light Growth Room. 1 x Transfer Room? 1 x clean room.

Negative air pressure. Crevices free compressed air and nitrogen tank. Cannot be multidisciplinary, closed lab. Room size required from a Lab Specialist.

Drawers, cabinets, Not near plant tissue lab and animal tissue side and island 1 x wash basin. 1 x lab. Compressed air & nitrogen tank. Room benches. 5 x Eye Wash size required from a Lab Specialist. moveable bench tops.

2/3 Island benches for discussion. 2 x Sinks. 1 x Glassware cabinet.

1 x Eye Wash.

1 x Entrance Door 1 x Exit Door. Doors with vision panels

300

Biosafety Level 2- MLT and diagnostic lab

Gas piping and gas tank storage for ICP, AAS, etc. 200 sq. ft – Prep Room. Other preparation can be done in Project Lab. Adjacent to Project Labs. Equipment is high end and heavy (heavy duty trolley access note: door size, thresholds, sealing, door kickplates, benches etc.) Allow allocated private area away from glass wall. Lowest ground level for heavy equipment. Room size required from a Lab Specialist.

Consultation Room to accommodate doctor Trolley storage for patient and assistant. Room within Mock Pharmacy Ward. Additional Area. Room size required Students from a Lab Specialist.

MDLMultidisciplinary Lab - Chemistry

BH-FL-L-MIC-1

Requires Storage Space for Anatomy cadaver models. Good venilation due to formalin.

Adjacent to APRC. Allow allocated private area away from glass wall. Room size required from a Lab Specialist.

2 x Side benches: Epoxy coated with sinks 5 x Island benches: Epoxy coated - No vibration; mounting of table legs. 1 x Eye Wash. 1x Emergency Shower

water & gas security access (fpr bunsen - sealed door burner)

Individual air conditioning

GFA EFFICIENCY 10000

Glass door

Cement, easily accessible and maintenancefriendly.Interstiti al, ceiling tilesepoxy coated

security access water & gas

325

46.45

3 x 4 person Tables for students discussion round.

1 x Glass display cabinet

Tile/Vinyl Flooring

Normal lighting

6.5

9.29

Required adjacent to Anat lab

Requires storage space. 8 to 10 around one mobile trolley bench. Needs a piping system from ADH and Cadaver Room straight into the Chemical Waste Store Room for drainage of chemical waste (+formalin). Room size required from a Lab Specialist.

More accessible to public lobby, but controlled pharmacy dosage form library not to accessed by children. Room size required from a Lab Specialist.

Glass door

Individual airconditioning, Exhaust for ventilation and fuming hood (Plastic melting and grinding

50

5

10 x Dissection tables - in built discharge facility tank. 1 x Emergency Shower.

Room size required from a Lab Specialist.

Laboratory (Biosafety Level 2)

General Teaching BSL-2 Microbiological Specialized 30 Lab 01- Teaching Commercial & Informal/Independent Research Teaching Support Spaces BSL-2 Non-Academic Staff 50 Microbiology Lab 02 - Teaching Academic StaffLab Housekeeping Staff Staff & Admin Support Spaces 50 Project Lab 01 Religious Facilities General Storage TOTAL NET AREA 12000 NON-NET AREA

2 x wall mounted wash troughs (knee operated). 1 x wall mounted display cabinet (for PPE). 1 x Eyewash.

Door with vision panel

water & gas.

Compresse d air, Nitrogen & security access Hydrogen – + CCTV to be placed outside the building area

Individual air conditioning , Fuming hood

BSL-2 Plant Tissue Culture Lab

6.5

Preferred either Easily accesible adjacent to and Anatomy lab maintenance with access to friendly waste disposal

Tile/Vinyl Flooring

BH-FL-L-PTC

40

Cadaver Waste.

Liquid from Cadaver Tile/Vinyl discharge Flooring system (drainage route to cadaver room)

Tile/Vinyl Flooring

Normal lighting (transfer room) & LED lighting (growth room)

BH-FL-L-ATC

Questions/ Comments

Specialist Teaching Laboratories

BH-FL-L-ADH

BH-FL-L-COM

From top: 1)The whole university staff participating in the planning stage seminar 2) Each department presenting their programmatic needs 3) Project team and staff reviewing the adjacencies studies of the campus 4) Project team recording the facilities and equipment of the university

Tinted window

Away from Plant, Mycology & Microbiology Lab. Negative air lock. Preparation is in the lab. Crevices free. Crossover Bench Room, Gowning Area. Cannot be multidisciplinary. A closed lab. Room size required from a Lab Specialist.

Benches at perimeter of room.

1 x sink for washing. 3 Side Heavily used room for research and teaching. benches: Epoxy Fridges, freezer (Internal rooms - 1 x Cold Room for large coated 5 Island 20 & -80 degrees) fridge, 1 x EtBr room. 1 x computer. , 1 x Dark benches: Epoxy island and side room, RNA Room (Ribonucleic Acid). Closed coated with benches - epoxy Lab. Room size required from a Lab attached sink on coated Specialist. ends. 1 x Eye Wash. 1 x Emergency Shower.

Room size to be confirmed by the Ministry of Health (MOH). Adjacent to pharmaceutics All stainless steel labs. Uses Pharmaceutics Lab for Prep Room.

All stainless steel 1. Crossover room Air Lock Room Crossover Bench > Changing Room, Gowning Room > CDR AHU Room.

- sitting bench, Sink in earlier part movable to allow Room fitted with alarm, should there be a of changing room. failure in the system. wheelchair access; waste bin Shared airlock for both share prep lab and cdr. Room size required from a Lab Specialist.

General Teaching Specialized Teaching Informal/Independent Learning General Teaching

Specialized Teaching Informal/Independent Learning

4

ONG&ONG 360 1B 4

3

MASTERPLAN PHASING STUDY 1A UNIVERSITY

Welcome Building + Social Sciences

1B STUDENT HOUSING

starts generating revenue to fund masterplan development

1C POCKET PARK

connects campus and student housing

2

Business & Management + Engineering + Bio-health Sciences

UNIVERSITY

1C 5

1A

2 6

3 STUDENT HOUSING

Welcome Building + Social Sciences

4 FOOD COURT

starts generating revenue to fund masterplan development

5 STRATEGIC PARTNER WORKSPACE

connects campus and student housing

6 FUTURE DEVELOPMENT

commercial / lecturers’ housing

From top: 1) The university currently inhabits a dated palazzo-style office building 1) Spatial planning discussions in internal design team meetings 2) Project team presenting first design draft to the unviersity staff 3) The university staff presenting their feedback

5

OOMY ONG&ONG 360 FOOD COURT 20

STUDENT ACCOMODATION

19

ARCHITECTURE The translucent facade can be illuminated at night to create a sense of safety for latenight patrons and passersby.

OUTDOOR activity area welcomes vendors to operate in the morning and late hours.

The verandah and outdoor area can double as a venue for community events.

LANDSCAPE The courtyard basin can be used to create a people-centric environment.

Open-air podiums can be well ventilated and accommodate student activities and communal facilities.

PARKSIDE

E WORKSPACE

UNIVERSITY

WORKSPACE Different types of workspace such as high-focus workstations, touchdown zones and informal social areas help professionals remain physically, mentally and socially active and facilitate both teamwork and individual tasks.

PARK Modular structures provide shelter and facilitate outdoor activities, and are easily serviced and updated.

PEOPLE The pedestrian-oriented central spine links the whole campus. Vehicles move from one end of the campus to anotther via the ring road.

FUTURE We envision a progressive campus that integrates new technologies and strategic partnership with industries.

SAFETY A campus that is a safe space for all its students and staff to learn and grow, whilst also being inviting to the public.

ATRIUM gives an informal setting for dining, socializing, working, and events that encourage interaction between industry professionals and members of the university.

6

ONG&ONG 360 1

2

3

4

CAMPUS GROUND STUDY

1

SUSTAINIBILITY PAVILION showcases products & prototypes

2

SUSTAINABILITY CONCOURSE place for collaboration & recreation

3

CONTAINER PARKELTS

portable education modules

4

ARRIVAL BOULEVARD

shaded pedestrian and rest areas

6

5

7

8

9

5

THE FORUM

the central organizing element at the core of the campus is also a semi-outdoor ceremony venue.

6

BAMBOO HEDGE sequesters carbon

7

GREEN FINGERS

draws greenery into the campus

8

RAIN GARDENS

manages stormwater on campus ground

9

GREEN CARPARK prioritizes low-emmission vehicles 7

OOMY ONG&ONG 360 20 20

Large Lecture Theatre General Teaching Spaces Specialized Teaching & Support Spaces Informal Learning Area Staff & Admin Wellbeing/Worship Storage

DESIGNING THE UNIVERSITY Although the planning an design of the campus begin with a different site, the design team and the client chose to preserve most of its sustainable design features and adapt them to the new masterplan.

Internal roads to carparks and loading faciliites are kept at the periphery to create a comfortable environment for pedestrian movement. Vehicle parking numbers are calculated to prevent excess in order to comply with the Green Building Index, Malaysia’s equivalent of BREEAM. The buildings feature one-cell-deep floor plans and internal courtyards to enable natural crossventilation. Their basic modularity enables them to adapt to general teaching classrooms and specialized laboratories and workshops.

The covered Forum further eliminates the cost of a low-use chancellor’s hall typical of local universities.

One example of a series of space standards study is a 30pax classroom that can also be used for conference, group workstations and seminars.

8

OOMY ONG&ONG 360 20 19

NEW CAPITAL OF INDONESIA MASTERPLAN COMPETITION RESEARCH & CONCEPT in collaboration with Oriental Consultants Global & Ong&Ong Indonesia

The relocation of Indonesia’s capital to East Kalimantan was a drastic response to Jakarta’s congestion, pollution and sinking levels. The site sits before a forested ridge facing the Makassar Strait, on which the government envisions a sustainable city with an architecture that reflects Indonesia’s archipelagic makeup and maritime heritage.

Our competition strategy was to treat with equal importance a rigorous contextual analysis and our design motif.

The proposal began with a composite mapping of existing settlements, industrial and agricultural areas, water bodies, flood zones, reserved forests and infrastructure.

The resultant buildable areas informed the two axes of our masterplan. Sequenced along the first axis, perpendicular to the coastline, is the masterplan’s core. Conceptually, this axis points to the capital’s two geographical elements - the forest and the sea. The second axis informed the insfrastructural ‘stitches’ that weaved through the core of the masterplan and its adjacent zones designated for future expansion.

From top : 1) Capital relocated away from volcanic belt 2) New capital signals political and economic centrality 3) Accessibility by air and sea 4) Terrain analysis

Loggia Presidential Palace Presidential Monument Memorial

Development Suitability Rank 1 Rank 2

National Mall

Nature Nature conservation area Orangutan habitat

Entrance Portal

Flood zone

Intermodal Transport Hub Entrance Portal

Economy

Ministries

Settlements Parliament Lake

Activity area

Judicial Complex

Agriculture

Legislative Complex

Fishery

Supreme Court Religious Reserve

Open mining

Lake Viewing Deck

Production forest

Performance Hall

Oil palm plantation

National Museum Tram Stop Public Hall Plaza Tram Stop Landmark

Garden North Tram Stop Conservatory Zoo

Masterplan Strategies

Botanical Garden

Intermodal transport hub

Running Track

Interchange

Garden South Tram Stop

Tram

River Activity Area

Transport network

Transport Link

Executive Legislative Judicial Religious

Stadium

Agriculture Civic

Sports Hub

Sports & recreation

Commercial

Commercial Residential

South Tram Stop Coastal Landmark

Top : Composited analysis showing areas suitbale for masterplan development Bottom : The masterplan integrated into Borneo’s natural environment. One axis organizes the masterplan’s core; a second axis informs the intratructural loop that holds together the masterplan

Zoomed in design development of the masterplan core.

9

OOMY ONG&ONG 360 20 19

REDESIGN OF AEON MALL BUKIT RAJA, KLANG Project lead : Hasbullah Abdullah Project teammates : Harith Ikhwan, Qaiyim Nabil

Above : Project location faces freq floods PROJECT LOCATION High-frequency flood areas Low-frequency flood areas

Strong principles of sustainability turned this project from a standalone proposal into the first in a series to integrate community-based placemaking strategies to Aeon’s aging outlets.

The first planning strategy was to reduce the footprint taken by the carpark, allowing half the site to potentially provide medium-density housing and a compact park for the target market’s growing population. Raising the ground plane and moving the carpark to the roof reduce the risk of flash floods which the

site has endured for years.

Going beyond the brief, we presented the opportunity to integrate a wholesale market to take advantage of the absence of competitors in the mall’s catchment area.

We replaced the inward-looking form of the shopping mall with one that opens to the outdoors for natural daylight and ventilation.

Together, these strategies enhance the neighbourhood’s commercial and social activity.

Below : Potential to integrate who Aeon’s catchment area PROJECT LOCATION Aeon Mall Bukit Tinggi

Ae

NSK Trade City

NS bra

GM Klang Wholesale City

quent

olesale to

eon retail branches

SK retail + wholesale anches

Above : Reintegration into a mature community PROJECT SITE

Residence

Schools

Multi-residence

Government

Shops

Healthcare

Retail

Places of worship

Recreation

Industry

Below : Connectivity Elevated station Provisional station

From LDP Persiaran Bukit Raja Jalan Bukit Raja

LRT Line 3 (Masterplan by Ong&Ong 360) Pedestrian Path From top : 1) Existing mall and surface carpark 2) services (purple) relocated and billboard wall(red) facing highway 3) Colonnade merges indoors with outdoors and increases landscaped public space 4) Proposal full design

10

OOMY ONG&ONG 360 20 19

THE HILL, SUBANG JAYA DESIGN COMPETITION - FINALIST Project lead : Kee Keat Design lead : Shahrin

The brief called for a combination of serviced apartments, including 10% affordable housing and communal facilities, with retail and office premises. The strong environmental, social and financial strategies that underpin our proposal saw us to the final shortlist.

For years the square site sat as a parking lot next to a group of well-used retail and office premises. Thus, we designed our commercial component to largely consist of smallscale businesses to form an extension of the area’s existing commercial activity. The plinth expresses this strategy as terraces that beckon visitors to explore its architecture, from the

retail space up to the podium-level garden.

The orientation of the terraces not only gestures towards the opposite shopping mall, it also maximizes shade from afternoon sun. The same strategy of orientation is present in the massing of the upper order. The alternating projections of the residential and office towers further increase solar shading.

We sought to make the podium level garden the ‘common ground’ for the different groups of people that inhabit the building. Instead of the typical strategy of allocating isolated pockets, we believe this better embodies the ideals of place-making that encourages chance encounters and new relationships.

12 3 4

1 Shared public space is architecture.

2 Terraces beckon visito 3,4 Entrances are desig arrival experience and c

From top: - Massing, factoring in adjacencies and views - Retail component to coexist with existing shopping mall - Plinth is articulated to create both sheltered entrances and outdoor activity area - Massing and orientation reduces solar radiation

s central to the

ors to explore the building ned to create a dramatic conceal carpark floors.

The design team deployed a drone to observe surrounding building heights and sightlines on site.

11

OOMY ONG&ONG 360 20 19

Facilities Floor F1 Retail Terraces F2 Playground F3 Canteen F4 Alfresco dining area F5 Office tower lobby F6 Office tower’s garden

Upper Floor Residents’ facilities F7 Garden F8 Pool deck F9 Kid’s pool F10 Shallow pool F11 Lap pool F12 Lounge F13 BBQ Area F14 Gymnasium F15 Multipurpose hall F16 Toilets/Changing F17 Lift Lobby F18 Prayer rooms

Offices U1 Lift lobby U2 WCs U3 Tenant spaces

Residences U4 Lift lobby U5 Refuse U6 Sky gardens

F3

F7 F2 F8

F12 F13

F15 F9 F11

F10

D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 D6 D7 D8

Living Dining Kitchen Bedroom Bathroom

F2

F5

F14

Dual-key Unit

A1 A2 A3 A4 A5

F1

F4

F6

Affordable Unit

F16

F17 F18

Foyer Living + Dining Kitchen Bedroom Bathroom Master Bedroom Master Bathroom Dual-key unit

AC LEDGE

A4

D2 MASTER BEDROOM

A1

LIVING + DINING

D6

BEDROOM (DUAL-KEY)

D3 D7

D8

MASTER BATH

A2

A5

D5

BATHROOM

BATHROOM

D4 BEDROOM 2

A3 D1

U1 U2

U3

U6 U5

U4

12

EMULATION

APWL

DISSEMINATION

Y3 S2

Masterplan Context 1 SAFA new campus 4 Smelthing plant

2 Coal Powerplant 5 Coldrolling plant

3 Furnace 6 Preserved structures

EDUCATION

2

Hengsha Island

Baoshan

1

Jing’an

Jiading Putuo Changning Qingpu Minhang

Xuhui

6

3

4

Hongkou Yangpu

5

The Bund Huangpu Pudong New Area N

19

SHANGHAI ACADEMY OF FINE ART

HIGHER EDUCATION & CULTURAL VENUE MASTERPLAN FEILDEN CLEGG BRADLEY STUDIOS Director : Andy Theobald Masterplan phase lead : Akos Juhaz Sustaibility consultant : Atelier 10 Competition team : Marcus Rothnie, Laszlo Balasz, Wang Meng Yuan

MERGING CAMPUS &

Shanghai Wusong District’s In Art City is a joint venture by t Shanghai government, BaoSte Co., and the Shanghai Academ Fine Art to transform BaoStee decommissioned steelworks c into a creative hub of urban li commerce, manufacture, edu research. It is envisioned as t Shanghai’s secondary urban c city’s 2035 City Plan, and the is none other than its centerp

OPEN EDUCATION

& CITY

nternational the eel Group my of el’s complex iving, ucation and he heart of core in the e Academy piece.

Primary entrances to the Academy are at the ends of the 800 meter long megastructure which announce the campus to the surrounding urban environment. Main grand steps are located at each end of the complex.

Secondary entrances are from the park to the residential buildings and to the concourse at first floor level. This permeable first floor route that is an extension of the city’s network of public streets and squares.

The Exchange Court is located at the centre of the building and provides the opportunity for SAFA to integrate itself into the wider community and City beyond. It plays an important role in strongly linking the Making and Learning spaces to the library and research spaces. Critically it also becomes an interface with a guest institution Pavilion which could house Art Schools from around the world could to creatively collaborate with SAFA. The Exchange provides access to all adjacent areas through large scale stairs and ramps and is a multipurpose space for events

and exhibition.

The Shanghai Academy of Art has been designed to accommodate all scales of exhibition in a wide variety of spaces throughout the building.

The inspirational impacts of viewing all types of Art from craft based analogue to digital is very powerful and we have ensured there are multiple opportunities to exhibit Art at all scales throughout the building. The main public exhibition spaces are located at the eastern end of the building however at the end of year show the whole building becomes a remarkable gallery for showing the work of the Academy.

13

APWL

FEILDEN CLEGG BRADLEY STUDIOS

Y3 S2

Common room

Garden

Dormitory

Dining

Courtyard

Postgrad students teaching room

Sports,gym

Int’l students teaching room

Life drawing studio

Experts workshop

Admin

Museum of Modern Art & Literature

Atrium Pavilion

Student specialized workshop

Project room

Light-duty workshop

Dining

EXHIBITION CENTRE

THE EXCHANGE

CONCOURSE

Landscape

Landscape

Reading space

Flexible teaching Heavy-duty workshop

Auditorium

Underground parking

Making yard

Landscape

WORKING WITH THE ORIGINAL STRUCTURE The design of the campys partially preserves the factory’s original structure and overlays it with new insertions.

This will create a very powerful creative environment that merges with the factory’s industrial character.

The Academy will will be a highly activated environment (day and night, season to season), as it includes education facilities on lower floors and student housing on upper floors. It aims to promote a strong sense of community and sociability and to create an atmosphere conducive to new ways of learning and thinking.

SUSTAINABLE CONSERVATION Energy and Carbon Solar control measures on the facade strike a balance between reducing excessive sunlight penetration during summertime and maximising passive solar gains in winter. The atrium areas will be passively cooled via earth ducts laid out in the park adjacent to the building.

Serivce Spine A basement-level service spine houses the services distribution for the entire campus with the ability to provide centralised hot and chilled water distribution, electricity, gas and IT services. High level rooftop plants draw air in from above the often polluted ground floor zone and benefit from added purification by surrounding layers of vegetation on its enclosure and also on the rooftop gardens.

1

23 45 6

1 The concept of a “5-minute study circle” u planning of the campus.

2 The design of the Academy incorporates an industrial heritage.

3 The existing crane structure is brought bac materials through the centre of the building courtyards and the campus raised levels.

4 The library is a ‘landscape for learning’ ope 5 Creative Yards are designed for both loadin 6 The environmental section shows a range measures applicable to the mega-building. R collaboration with Atelier 10.

underlies the spatial

nd celebrates its

ck to use to deliver between the cut-out

en to the public. ng and outdoor making. of sustainable Research was done in

14

APWL Y3 S2

FEILDEN CLEGG BRADLEY STUDIOS

VISUALIZATIONS & LANDSCAPE STRATEGIES FOR ADAPTIVE REUSE MASTERPLANS KIRKSTALL FORGE, LEEDS WINNER OF MASTERPLAN : FUTURE PROJECT, WORLD ARCHITECTURE FESTIVAL 2018 Landscape Architects : Planit IE

The 23 hectare masterplan creates a contemporary urban village that preserves its 13th-century abbey and the oldest forge in England.

New visualizations were needed for the firm’s submission to WAF 2018. The renders demonstrate the key concept of the masterplan : as a set of plublic space that ‘stitch’ across the city and the countryside.

BRABAZON BRISTOL Landscape Architects : Grant Associates The renders of this masterplan also required integration of the landscape masterplan to the then-latest iteration of architectural design.

The masterplan feautures a family of housing typologies that respond to the heritage of Filton Airfield. They are enriched by a network of playspace, biodiversity park and a heritage trail which culminate at the restored hangar.

View of the heritage trail from the hangar.

A biodiversity pit sits adjacent to the

e neighbourhood.

Parklets slow down vehicles and add areas to socialize.

Each residential unit features a private garden, connecting them to the public realm.

15

APWL

FEILDEN CLEGG BRADLEY STUDIOS

Y3 S2

LLANISHEN-LISVANE RESERVOIR VISITOR CENTRE WINNING COMPETITION ENTRY Client : Dwr Cymru Welsh Water Design team : Feilden Clegg Bradley Studios M&E: E3 Landscape engineers: LT Studio Structural engineers: Momentum

After plans to turn the reservoirs into residences were dropped, Welsh Water sought to restore the drained site as a place for recreation and biodiversity.

The vistor centre caters to three main user groups: recreational visitors of the Victorian-era reservoir; new patrons of the visitor centre's restaurant; and watersports users of the reservoir waters. The building manages this via a vertical distribution of its programme.

Our design stood out as we proposed a more robust roof that can be used as an observation deck and event venue.

Tall pods articulate its exterior, tectonically anchoring the building, at the same time gesturing towards the waters. They can create dining alcoves as well as photography booths.

B 9

C

1

2

A D

3

4

4 8

3

E

4

4

F

3

11

G

6 5

5

H

10

7

18 17 20 21

1

19

15

16 15

2

13

12 14

3 22

ACTIVITIES A Boat Yard B Birdwatching hides C Pedestrian+bicycle path D Birdwatching at reservoir edge E Paddleboarding & kayaking F Picnic decks G Sailing on open water H Pontoons

LANDSCAPE & WATERSCAPE 1 Marginal aquatic planting at water fringes; 2 varying water depths to encourage biodiversity 3 Reinforced native woodland at water’s edge to encourage biodiversity

LEVEL 1 1 Lobby 2 Staff quarters 3 Training/Meeting 4 Changing room 5 WC 6 Bar 7 Activity area 8 Loading 9 Plant/refuse 10 Boat yard 11 Equipment storage

LEVEL 2 12 Restaurant 13 Function room 14 Terrace 15 Pods 16 Kitchen 17 Bar 18 WC 19 Dry store/chiller 20 Staff quarters 21 Service lift 22 Bridge onto terrace

16

APWL Y3 S2

FEILDEN CLEGG BRADLEY STUDIOS

THEATRE BAR, ALEXANDRA PALACE CONCEPT DESIGN

Theatre

Bar

Foyer

Main design team : Daniel Burt, Matt Somerville, Luke Macnab Concept Images : Feilden Clegg Bradley Studios Architectural Photography : Hufton & Crow

Largely hidden for over 80 years, the restoration of the Victorian Theatre and East Court of the People’s Palace reestablishes the theatrical and cultural value of the building.

I helped in the initial design of the theatre bar, which was futher developed by the project architect towards the end of my work placement.

The design follows the architectural concept of the restoration, that is the discreet integration of technical infrastructure into a building of ‘suspended decay’.

Early visualization proposes a suspended light track, alcohol shelf with integrated lights that frames the tall windows, and reclaimed pressed tin ceiling panels adorning the counter.

Developed design adds detail to the bar shelf and reduces detail on the counte

er.

The bar as photographed on the opening night of Alexandra Palace.

The minimalist chandelier adorns the tall bar without taking away too much attention from the walls.

17

APWL Y3 S2

FEILDEN CLEGG BRADLEY STUDIOS

ECO-SAN TOILETS, RUBENGERA TECHNICAL SECONDARY SCHOOL VOLUNTEER PROJECT FOR RICHARD FEILDEN FOUNDATION I volunteered to the Richard Feilden Foundation during my work placement at Feilden Clegg Bradley Studios. The foundation strives to aid in the design, financing, construction and education program for schools and hospitals around Southeast Africa.

C B A

A B

The toilet facility was designed for a carpentry school in North Rwanda, founded and run by a group of nuns. The facility forms part of their most recent expansion on their compound.

Given its location far way from the existing plumbing network, the facility includes a pair of double-vault urine diverting dry compost toilets. The design reuses the 1:1 mockup of the timber frame for the school's girls' dormitory.

J K

Though a small project, I dedicated my time to provide through its design warmth, light and a sense of safety to its users. Furnishings, especially the trestle-frame tip tap, are carefully integrated to the small building, and can be designed as live projects for the students.

From left: View towards the entrance’s louvred wall; the dual dry-compost toilet; louvred skylight brings daylight to the cubicles; changing room is illuminated via polycarbonate wall panels.

D

E F G

Above : Render of the timber frame prototype reused as an Eco-San toilet.

Below : Existing location of the prototype within the school compound.

A B C D E F G H

Horizontal battens fixed to existing frame Vertical cladding 120mm Louvre slats at 60mm centres Plastic toilet pan Concrete floor running the whole depth of the toilet cubicle to resist moisture from feces vault Feces vault built with oncrete blockwork Straight vent stacks draws air out by stack effect more effectively I Metal mesh fly screen J Plywood privacy screens K Metal/plastic urinal connected to container underneath

1 Soap rack 2 Trestle legs 3 Plastic containers storing water tied to beam 4 Metal wash basin 5 Rope/cable tied to container and pedal at either ends 6 Towel rack 7 Hook 8 Hinged pedal

I

H

1 2 3 A B C

4

5 6 7 8

18

APWL Y3 S2

FEILDEN CLEGG BRADLEY STUDIOS K

J

I

A

r

G

H

B

n

D

F

F

m

p

o

l

h

C

D

k

a

E

j

b

q

c

i

g

d

e

f

Above : Demonstration of the cover material.

Below : Caps can be used to cover the feces hole to block odor and to avoid urine entering the vault. They also indicate which vault is undergoing composting.

Soap water onto gravel

DOUBLE-VAULT URINE DRYDIVERTING TOILETS (UDDT) Plan A B C D E F G H I J

Entrance Tip tap Toilet cubicles Storage for diverted urine Vent stack 110mm diameter Concrete floor drainage Changing room Bench Storage shelves Urinals

Section A Feces vault built with oncrete blockwork - capacity 1.36 m3 B Urine diverting pipe connecting to container outside C Concrete floor running the whole depth of the toilet cubicle to resist moisture from feces vault D Plastic toilet pan E Vertical inset metal doors avoid moisture from infiltrating the vault through exposed gaps F Straight vent stacks draws air out by stack effect more effectively G Metal mesh fly screen H Rammed earth wall I Vertical timber cladding for interior partitions J Hooks screwed onto battens K Timber louvres to bring in daylight L Translucent polycarbonate panel behind louvres to provide privacy for changing room M Lightweight corrugated zinc roof N Transclucent polcarbonate panel for daylighting O Zinc flashing on roof ridge P Metal/plastic urinal connected to container underneath

The two toilet pans/vaults are used alternately.

Once one of the vaults is full, it is closed to start the composting process.

Each toilet pan has two holes - one connects to the feces vault, whereas the other diverts urine to a separate container. The collected urine once diluted can be used as fertilizer.

The minimum composting time for one feces vault is 6 months, to safely exceed the dessication tolerance of pathogens. The volume of the feces vaults can be estimated using the following calculations: Average fecal volume per person for 6 months (factoring in school holidays) = 34litres (volume includes cover material) No. of students = 60 Staff size = 20 Min. feces vault volume = (60+20) x 34litres = 20720litres = 2.72m3 If two cubicles provided, each feces vault volume = 2.72 /3 = 1.36m3

After each fecal discharge, a cover material should be poured into the feces vault. Sawdust is suitable to absorb moisture effectively, and it gives a pleasant smell. In addition, it could be available in large amounts from the carpentry school. Other suitable cover materials include lime, wood ash, rice hull, soil and dried moss.

19

ACADEMIC PROJECTS

AD4a Y4 S2

ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN : TECTONICS

FALKIRK HIGH STREET MASTERPLAN

Our masterplan was one of four areas of intervention to replace obsolete retail complexes and a disused bus depot.

The project team built a scale model of F interactive discussions with the tutors an fellow, Stan Allen.

Falkirk to enable nd with the visiting

Employment Job provision

Distance travelled to work Public sector Number of public sector jobs Number of hospitals

Glasgow

Railway

Edinburgh

Number of GPs and dentists Number of children in primary schools Number of children in secondary schools Distance travelled to study Commercial Number of shops

Social

Bonnybridge Muirhead Glasgow

Number of charities

DependentI

Interdependent

ndependent

Limerigg Slamannan Bathgate

Falkirk Council HQ Town Hall & Theatre New townhouses Amenities

Shopping malls Housing Social housing Public transport route

open till 7-8pm

open till 11pm-12am

Workspace

REVIVING THE SCOTTISH HIGH STREET

OPPORTUNITIES & CONSTRAINTS

The masterplan is underpinned by an infrastructural strategy that proposes the replacement of a late 80s shopping centre at the heart of Falkirk High Street.

Falkirk’s job diversity and commercial diversity indicate it as an attractor of workforce and consumers from its surrounding towns. Falkirk Council HQ on the west end of High St is also one of the largest employers in the region.

However, the High Street is deserted in the evenings as it lacks grocery and dining establishments. Most of the upper floors of the shops that could serve as townhouses are used for storage instead.

The strategy reestablishes the historical road linking Howgate to High Street and reroutes Falkirk’s public transport to High Street’s centre. This in turn prompts the relocation of major civic venues to the heart of Falkirk’s town centre, including the council headquarters, the town hall-theatre, and the main bus interchange.

The masterplan also relocates from Grangemouth the council chamber to be integrated to the council headquarters, and a market with maisonettes on its upper floor to bring back grocery shopping and residences which have been lacking in High Street.

Despite Falkirk’s high commercial provision and diversity, we think that their distribution and operating hours should align more harmoniously with the average regular working hours of the population.

21

AD4a

TECTONICS

Y4 S2

Falkirk Council HQ

South doublemaisonettes

East ma

Howgate shopping centre

EXISTING HOWGATE SHOPPING CENTRE The large building is facing increasing vacancies as online commerce becomes more favored over conventional retail stores. Moreover, it limits pedestrian movement between High Street and the adjacent suburban residences.

Post office converted from amusement centre Underground carpark Circulation cores from underground carpark New Howgate Road

INFRASTRUCTURE The road that historically connected High Street to Falkirk's southern region is reestablished.

The underground splitlevel carpark facilitates town patrons, residents and employess of the council headquarters moving in and out by cars.

One-stop shop Council chamber Market hub Market Cafe

PUBLIC REALM The ground level consists of programmatic blocks that are closer to the scale and density of the High Street.

Refectory / Multipurpose hall

Courtyard residence

Maisonettes

Studio apartments

Community centre

Artists' residence

aisonettes

Town Square

North maisonettes

SCHEME

Open air performance

Workshops, galleries

Theatre

The masterplan maintains permeability despite being half the footprint of the existing shopping mall. Civic spaces, public realm and private dwellings interlock to create a vibrant neighborhood.

22

AD4a

TECTONICS

L3

Y4 S2

Office floors

L2

L1

Adjacent redevelopment (residential) Project by Beth Hardy

L0

0

Atrium

L-1

Refectory / Multipurpose Hall

B

Underground carpark

2

5

10m

Bicycle storage

East Maisonette

Market

Howgate Road

High Street square

Falkirk Steeple

Courtyard

23

AD4a

TECTONICS

L3

Y4 S2

Office floors

L2

Mayor's Office

Lounge to Council Chamber

L1 Public engagement meeting rooms Adjacent redevelopment (residential) refer Project by Beth Hardy

L0 One-stop shop L-1

Refectory / Multipurpose Hall

B Underground carpark

0

2

5

10m

Bicycle storage

Council chamber

East Maisonette Falkirk Steeple

Exhibition room

Market

Howgate Road

High Street square

24

AD4a

TECTONICS

L3

Y4 S2

Lounge

Reprographics/ lockers

Touchdown Meeting/ W zone teamwork

L2

L1

Falkirk High Street

L0

Back-of-house

L-1

Servery

B

Underground carpark

0

2

5

10m

Re M

Workstations

Meeting/ teamwork

Touchdown zone

Lounge

Howgate road

Studio apartments/ Maisonettes

Community centre

Courtyard residence

efectory / Multipurpose hall

25

AD4a

TECTONICS

Y4 S2 Falkirk Steeple

Falkirk High Street

City centre post office

L3

Mayor's Office

W

L2

Lounge to council chamber

M

L1

Public engagement meeting rooms

L0

One-stop shop

L-1

Bicycle storage Shower/changing

B

Underground carpark

0

2

5

10m

Atrium

M ro

Ca

Workstations

Multimedia room

Multipurpose oom

Meeting/ teamwork

Touchdown zone

Lounge

Meeting/ teamwork Howgate road

Studio apartments/ Maisonettes

Community centre

Courtyard residence

afe

26

AD4a

TECTONICS

Y4 S2

FALKIRK’S CIVIC CENTRE A new civic centre that operates till late evening to cater to the working population and to bring footfall to the town centre’s commerical and cultural venues. An illuminated, welcoming atrium where civilians are greeted, guided and taken up into the building.

The butterfly roof of the council chamber gestures at an angle towards the town’s main architectural heritage, the Steeple.

Meeting rooms are distributed as cubic volumes in the floor plan to demarcate areas of concentrated work and areas of social work. They assist in integrating the human scale in the building and orchestrate the flows in the floor plan. When users walk round these spaces, their look is subtly pointed towards the town. At the top floor, multiple planes of glazing, louvres and diffusers create a brightly lit workspace.

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

High Street Steeple Howgate Road Pedestrian Route Market Market Hub/Cafe Market WC & plant North maisonette’s entrance

2

COUNCIL HQ 9 Post Office 10 High St entrance 11 Lobby 12 One-stop shop 13 Self-service 14 ATM 15 Cash room 16 Lift lobby 17 WC 18 Breastfeeding 19 Traffic warden changing room 20 Reprographics 21 Security 22 Mail room 23 Porter’s room 24 Refuse/service lift 25 Exhibition 26 Cafe 27 Terrace 28 Refectory/multipurpose venue 29 Employe entrance

1

6

5

8

36

10 37 32

9

11

5

25

3

30 Bus shelter 31 South maisonettes 32 Lift lobby from UG parking 33 Resident’s lounge

13

14 12

22

0m

17

23 36

18

34 Fire escape

16

15

7

20

19

33

24 34

21

32

-1.0m

36

26

4

31 28

0m

27

-4.0m

30 0

1

5

10m

-4.0m

Plan Level 0

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

High Street Steeple Howgate Road Pedestrian route Dry and wet market Market hub Market WC and plant North maisonettes’ entrance

9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29

Council Headquarters Post Office High Street entrance Lobby One-stop shop Self-help desks ATM Cash room Lift lobby (card access) WC Breastfeeding/baby changing Changing area for traffic wardens Reprographics CCTV Mail storage Porter’s room Refuse/service lift to kitchen Exhibition /rostrum Cafe Terrace Refectory/ multipurpose venue Employee entrance (card access)

30 31 32 33

Bus Shelter South maisonettes Lift lobby from underground parking Residents’ concierge/lounge

34 35 36

Fire escape Underground parking entrance Underground parking vent towers

37 38

Theatre Community centre

-4.0m 34 38 29

35 -7.0m

Daryl L

27

AD4a

TECTONICS

Y4 S2

Transluce

Steel frame su

A

Translucent clerestory admits difussed daylight

Large sandston curtain wall module

Angled panel directs soffit downlight to ground, increasing illumination

C Polycarbonate raincatcher roof Glazed primary roof

Colu

Standing seam zinc roof Timber rafters Microperf. acoustic soffit

Cantilevered polycarbonate secondary wall Double glazed curtain wall Raised deck floor on RC slab Round steel column Granite pavers on RC slab

Transluscent clerestory glazing Sandstone exterior curtain wall Microperf. interior acoustic wall panel

RC subterranean stanchions to UG carpark superstructure

Steel RHS interior frame Steel belt truss, corner shear wall Round steel column Raised granite pavers RC subterranean stanchions to UG carpark superstructure

B

4

3

2

1

1 2 3 4

Public seating Members seating Panel seating Sightline to Falkirk Steeple

0

2

4

8m

TYPOLOGY STUDY_FALKIRK COUNCIL HQ_OFFICE WING_8M STRUCTURAL BAY

Council HQ : exploded axonometric

Council chamber : exploded axonometric

TYPOLOGY STUDY_COUNCIL CHAMBER A

Tripartite elevation study B Plan study C Structural coordination study

Council Chamber Technical Section Chamber ceiling

Council HQ Technical Section

Zinc flashing standing seam roof panel ZincZinc standing seam roof panel

Sheathing Common rafter

Top floor

Sheathing

Rigid insulation with VCL Timber board Timber board Firring Firring

ent polycarbonate roof panel Steel frame Double Glazed Skylight Insulated ceiling beams Ceiling blinders Recessed roller blinders Rigid insulation Fascia Casement windows upporting double skin facade Gutter Polycarbonate shutter

Principal rafters White panel paint coated aluminium spandrel Spandrel Double glazing - frosted glass Tall clerestory window

Acoustic soffit Sill Plywood sill, white paint coated aluminium facing Zinc flashing

Polycarbonate planter box Gantry Rigid insulation Steel railing Trench radiator Raised floor deck RC slab Steel beams and joists Slatted ceiling soffit

Chamber floor Expansion joint

Movement joint

Largecurtain sandstone Sandstone wallcurtain panelwall module 8mm Sandstone veneer Sandstone veneer

Screed

Screed

Precast concrete base panel Precast concrete panel Steel clips Mounting brackets Battens

Steel stud frame with insulation

Lower ground floor

Void concealing M&E Steel horizontal member to belt truss Steel horizontal member to belt truss

Catchment basin

Steel horizontal Weep hole member to belt truss

Aluminium soffit

Slatted soffit

Flashing

Zinc flashing Steel belt truss Belt truss

Wall lending privacy to adjacent townhouses Precast cement panel

Internal secondary Internal secondary trusstruss

Rigid insulation

Insulation

Steel studs Steel studs Raised floor panel Acoustic layer

Truss frame Plywood panel Steel support Plywood ceiling soffit Lighting rig Steel column

Exhibition room

umn cushion with alum fascia

Slatted sofit

Curtain windows Roller blinders

Curtain wall glazing - clear glass Double Trench radiators Granite raised floor deck Crawlspace Crawlspace RC base Reinforced Slatted soffit concrete base

Granite paving on screed RC slab Transfer structure

Granite paving Granite paving Pedestal Adjustable pedestal Insulation with waterproof sheathing Slotted channeld rain Reinforced concrete pedestal to underground transfer beams Transfer structure

DETAIL SECTION OFFICE WING, COUNCIL HQ 0

0.1

.5

1m

DETAIL SECTION COUNCIL CHAMBER & EXHIBITION ROOM 0

0

0.1

.5

0.1

.5

1m

1m

28

MATERIAL PRIORITIES:

LOGISITICAL RESEARCH THE CROSS,

AD4a

FALKIRK HIGH STREET MATERIAL PRIORITIES

Y4 S2

AD TECTONICS UNIT 5 TRANSFORMING SCOTLAND’S TOWNS : RETHINKING THE HIGH STREET

k, but its current lighting design al volume/proportions/features.

THE CROSS, FALKIRK HIGH STREET

This project is underpinned by a greater infrastructural strategy that assumes the removal of Howgate Shopping Centre. It reestablishes the historical road linking Howgate to High Street and reroutes onto it Falkirk’s public transport, which in turn prompts the relocation of major public transport-dependent facilities (the council headquarters, the town hall-theatre, and the main bus interchange) to the heart of Falkirk’s town centre. The masterplan also relocates from Grangemouth the council chamber to As a logistical 5 outlines the objectives/priorities be integratedresearch, to the councilStage headquarters, and a dry-and-wet market with maisonettes on choices its upper floor to address the basic that inform the material and technical systems in the absence of grocery stores and residences on High Street.

2

Tectonics project. This board focuses on the public space in front of Falkirk Steeple The Cross, specifically its spatial The spatial strategyknown is coupledas with a time-based strategy/cultural change, that is to offset the operating hours of the council qualities at night.

4

headquarters later into the day. This encourages civilians to visit the town centre after working hours to run their errands

thenthe lingerScottish around theTown restaurants, theatre and other amenities, I utilise Partnership’s Place Standard as a thereby making the High Street a public realm that is inhabited framework to assess the physical, social and environmental and well-used all day and all year. qualities of the site. From a total of 14 criteria (summarized in the diagram above), I prioritize 4 (highlighted in colour) that are appropriate to its scale and scope.

ss is very much heuristic, alculative precision and more d connect seemingly disparate sible more wholesome forms of

2

8

6 7 5

Each criterion shows its general theme set forth by the Place Standards Assessment, followed by my written response. The proposed designs and material choices are therefore organized by their corresponding priorities. The process of research and design is partly heuristic as they are developed from personal studies of the site and through design trials.

erve as meeting points

ayfinders

vides a focus for tourism and evening g economy

Existing Council HQ & Theatre

rs that soften the High Street's 15, 35)

Public transport reconfig

Council HQ

Theatre

Logistics focus area

NATURAL SPACE 6/7

AD LOGISTICS STAGE 5

Natural space includes parks and woodlands, fields, streams and rivers, green space alongside paths and roads, and tree-lined streets. These can be good for wildlife, improve air quality and benefit our health and wellbeing. (Q5, Place Standards Assessment) ASSESSMENT

7

The pocket allotments in front of the Steeple is part of Dig-in Falkirk, a project initiated by Falkirk Council, Falkirk Delivers and Forth Environment Link that encourages more community growing projects across Falkirk Council. With a £300 grant, local organizations are encouraged to adopt the planters to grow a variety of fruits, vegetables, herbs and pollinators. (The Scottish Government 2019)

6 5 4 3 2

PROPOSAL

1 7

6

5

4

3

2

The planters are hardly noticeable by pedestrians and tourists. It's visibility can be improved by replacing the high wrought iron railings with a low-profile one that leaves an opening for physical access to the planter bed. An explanatory plaque and night time lighting can also encourage passersby's interaction in the evening.

1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7

4

o its surrounding archiopfront awnings can be ed with public seating, to ottish Government 2015, hroughout the town centre ghout the day and informal dlier and safer environment.

5

Exisiting condition of one of the planters. The black railings and lack of lighting make the pocket allotments hard to notice during day and at night.

As a logistical research, Stage 5 outlines the objectives/priorities that inform the material choices and technical systems in Key references the Tectonics project. This board focuses on the public space Kevin Shaw (KSLD, Lighting by specifically Daryl Law, its in front of ELFA Falkirk SteepleDesign), knowninterviewed as The Cross, Sze Jin Lee & Maria Blokhina.

21 Feb 2019, 4 Baltic St, Edinburgh. spatial qualities at night. unpublished.

I utilise the Scottish Town Partnership’s Place Standard as Scotland's Towns Partnership. "Place Standards". Accessed 10 Apr 2019. a framework to assess the physical, social and environmental https://www.scotlandstowns.org/place_standard qualities of the site. From a total of 14 criteria (summarized in the diagram above), I prioritize 4 (highlighted in colour) The Scottish Government.

2015.

Town Centre Toolkit. Accessed 23 that Mar are appropriate to its scale and scope.

2019. https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/stpfiles/resources/TownCentre-Action-Plan-Masterplanning-Toolkit.pdf Each criterion shows its general theme set forth by the Place Standards Assessment, followed by my written response. The proposed designs and materialsummary choices are therefore Above: diagrammatic of the Scottishorganized by their corresponding The process of research and Place Standardspriorities. assessment. design is partly heuristic as they are developed from personal studies of the site and through design trials.

SCHEMATICS

2 4

1

Materials

A 3

B

2

A

Existing 19-century sandstone planters and well

B

Red-coated steel railings to increase visual access to plants; open on one side for easy access Cedar planter box for pollinators

C

C

System 1

Low-energy LED lightbox

2

Photovoltaic panels

3

Backlit explanatory plaque to encourage participation Control panel

4

MATERIAL THE CROSS FALKIRK H

STREETS AND SPACES 4/7 Buildings, landmarks, greenery, views and natural landscape can all help to create and atrractive, distinctive place that people enjoy. These features can also help people to find their way around.

(Q4, Place Standards Assessment) ANALYSIS

PROPOSAL

The rich collection of Victorian and Neo-Georgian architecture is undermined by a large number of vacant ground-floor commercial properties and upper floors that are taken up by storage instead of residences. Harsh street lighting further causes the upper parts of the high street to be visually disconnected.

The Steeple is the primary landmark, but its current lighting design does not outline its full architectural volume/proportions/features.

AD TECTONICS UNIT TRANSFORMING SCO RETHINKING THE HIG

This project is underpinn that assumes the remova tablishes the historical ro reroutes onto it Falkirk’s the relocation of major p council headquarters, the interchange) to the heart plan also relocates from be integrated to the cou market with maisonettes absence of grocery store

The spatial strategy is co tural change, that is to o headquarters later into th visit the town centre afte then linger around the re thereby making the High and well-used all day and

The Cross, Falkirk High Street, during the day and at night,

OVERALL LIGHTING STRATEGY 2 5

9

7 3

The key points of the lighting strategy are derived from conversations with Kevan Shaw, who has designed lighting strategies for the Scottish Parliament, the Scott Monument, Edinburgh Castle War Museum, the National Museum of Scotland and other major Scottish architectural works.

Shaw remarks that his design process is very much heuristic, developed less through technical, calculative precision and more through a conviction to consider and connect seemingly disparate architectural elements to make possible more wholesome forms of existence. (Shaw 2019)

1

3000 Kelvin colour temperature (warm white) for pedestrian paths, 5000 Kelvin (cool white) for vehicular paths (Global Designing Cities Initiative)

6

Soft key light on street corners that serve as meeting points

2

"Building identiy lighting" for buildings at junctions that serve as landmarks

7

Addition of solar powered lights on wayfinders (designed by Navigator Signs)

3

Low-energy LED bollards (3000Kelvin) and wall-mounted luminaire replacing lamp posts giving uncomfortable glare

8

4

Wall washers to illuminate public space by diffused light

5

Key light on historical features - the market cross and the well

Fountain with interactive lighting provides a focus for tourism and evening events, supporting the town's evening economy (Scottish Government 2015, 28) Lighting on existing street tree planters that soften the High Street's hardscape (Scottish Government 2015, 35)

9

Existing Council HQ & Theatre

Public transport reconfig

AD LOGISTICS STAGE

Falkirk Steeple Lighting Trial

PLAY AND RECREATION 1/7

7

6

5

4

3

Good places encourage children to play and allow adults to enjoy leisure and sporting activities. Opportunities for play and recreation can improve the quality of our lives and our health.

(Q6, Place Standards Assessment) 1

2

3

4

5

ASSESSMENT 1 2 3 4 5

Falkirk is surrounded by parks and suburban recreation centres, but there is virtually no public space designed for play and recreation within the town centre and High Street.

PROPOSAL Water fountains with interactive lighting and audio strategies can be a public space feature that engages all age/social groups that come to the High Street at different times of the day or during different occasions.

Precedent : The dry deck fountain on Broad Street, Aberdeen is used as a gathering place for social functions.

B

ANALYSIS

PROPOSAL

There is a good diversity of purpose-built indoor spaces for social contact (churches, townhall-theatre, community library, and event venues converted from churches), but they generally lack outdoor spatial connections.

The Cross can be more integrated to its surrounding architecture. For instance, traditional shopfront awnings can be brought back to popularity, combined with public seating, to encourage gatherings outdoors. (Scottish Government 2015, 29) Reestablishing residential use throughout the town centre also helps with social activity throughout the day and informal surveillance, hence creating a friendlier and safer environment.

(Scottish Government 2015, 28)

1

the g the

14

7

8

12

10

I utilise the Scottish Tow a framework to assess th qualities of the site. From the diagram above), I prio appropriate to its scale a

Feeling isolated can be damaging to our health and wellbeing. Good places provide a voriety of spaces to meet and spend time with others.

(Q10, Place Standards Assessment)

C

11

As a logistical research, S ities that inform the mate the Tectonics project. Th in front of Falkirk Steeple spatial qualities at night.

SOCIAL CONTACT 5/7

SCHEMATICS

A

Exisiting lighting causes disconnected parts Adding lighting to the town clock section Reducing light intensity on the crown Adding wash light to accentuate the base and spire Adding window lights to counter glare from wash light and add volume to the whole tower

Each criterion shows its Standards Assessment, fo proposed designs and m by their corresponding p design is partly heuristic studies of the site and th

References 15

5

9

4 6

3

Global Designing Cities Initiative. " https://globaldesigningcities.org/pu structure/lighting-and-technology/

13 2

Scotland's Towns Partnership. "Pla scotlandstowns.org/place_standard

Kevin Shaw (KSLD, ELFA Lighting D Blokhina. 21 Feb 2019, 4 Baltic St

The Scottish Government. 2015. T https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.c terplanning-Toolkit.pdf

Materials A Preserve existing 19th-century paving setts - durable, stain resistant, visually demarcates character area

B Recessed stainless steel drainage channel is visually unobtrusive

C Granite paving slabs to match colour and texture of paving setts

The Scottish Government. 2019. D Growing Strategy (2019-2024). Acc http://www.falkirk.gov.uk/services Food%20growing%20strategy.pdf

System 1

Waterboy with LED lights

6

Suction flow control valve

11 Perimeter canal

2

Water pump

7

Overflow

12 Technical gateway

3

Supply flow control valve

8

Outlet

13 Control panel

4

Distribution manifold control valve

9

5

Suction filter

10 Level probe

Drain manifold

14 Battery autofill system 15 Communicating channels

Existing condition: absence of outdoor integration and residential use.

When publc space is designed for casual use they can respond to a range of daily opportunities for occupation. (Scottish Government 2015, 30)

29

Date

17 04 19

Scale

N/A Daryl Law

AD4a Y4 S2

TECTONICS

HOUSING CASE STUDIES Group masterplan stage in association : Maria Blokhina Lee Sze Jin

The area is characterised by large urba steps in height between buildings. Th urban grain, providing guidance on ho Set backs should be employed on the top floor of courtyard facing frontagesbe to improve daylight penearticulated in a way that ensures th

We chose to present three distinct themes or scopes that together form a topical hiearchy. The case study of Stone Studios considers its urban function; the case study of Marmalade Lane considers its typological and communal strategies; and the case study of buccleuch house considers the human-scale affordances in the architectural design of its oldage residential unit.

LENGTH OF FRONTAGE

STONE STUDIOS

CASE STUDY 1 STONE STUDIOS Architect Clients

Architect Client Location Location Site area Density Site area

Density

This stage concerns the development of precedent studies of intergenerational housing, extra care and community use typologies.

tration to residential courtyards (Please refer to 1.5.1)

Group 1B

Levitt Bernstein Architects Hanover Housing Association, Agudas Israel Housing Association, Pollard Thomas Edwards Hill Residential Groveworld and PTE Property Clapton Common, London Borough of Hackney 80-84 & 88 Wallis Road, 0.50 ha Borough of Hackney London 214 dwellings per ha 0.43 ha

areas according to the HAPPI (Housing As such combination func-for Our Aging Population:ofPanel tions in a building can make Innovation) recommendations (of which they italso co-authored), urban area is located in more from overarching appealing forprinciples people to to livedetailed in or design. visit, it is also important to look into the connections strategy that the project has addressed.

Longer blocks must be broken dow through defined breaks in massing form. Block lengths must be limite to 50m, otherwise a break or step massing is required.

•

Development blocks should be arr so as to create a courtyard or yard within the block wherever possible

Steps in massing should be employed on the south side

Steeped in design thepenetration overall tomassing of blocks to improveof daylight residential can inrefer toBLOCK 1.5.2) AND tegratecourtyards lower(Please volumes on theMASSING south side inARTICULATION order 65 to engage with a sun path and allow improved Page 66 • Courtyard blocks should be articu daylight quality of the courtyards. an assemblage of aggregated elem •

287 dwellings per ha

№ offocus homes of120 The this case study is the human-scale affordances in its architecture, particularly its old-age residential units (the Hanover units) This case study explores and communal facilities that are architectural parameters and integrate within a larger mixed-tenure considerations of the mixed use apartment block. buildings that accommodate employment and residential units.these The architects have designed

•

Connections

Changes in elevation expression m be defined and deliberate and sho be accompanied by a change in bu height.

ROOF FORM •

Articulation in roof forms should b integral to the built form .

•

Proposed roof lines should be mea and express their function, for exa

The case study forms a part of the north light fo roof lights providing Neighbourhood workspace.

Centre at Hackney Wick masterplan developed • Rooftop additions that are articula

by London Legacy Development as independent elements, for exam Corporation (LLDC) that encourmansard or dormer ages connection of the area to theroofs should b avoided as they are not consistent larger surrounding community. the area’s historic character.

The site incorporates a number • Elevations shouldof have a predomin simple roofline, wh new pedestrian consistent routes thatand would does not compete with or detract help to encourage movement retained heritage assets. through the area.

•

Roof forms should be designed to integrate roof top PVs at an optim orientation.

•

Steps in height within and betwee blocks should be deliberate and purposeful, and should be a minim 2 storeys (6m).

Site

Neighbourhood Destinations

*The research from preceding pages are applied to the adjacent residential parcel, developed by my colleague.

Primary Vehicle Routes Potential Vehicle Routes New/Improved Pedestrian Routes

Opportunities for New/Improved Connections References References HAPPI(Housing Aging Population: Panel for Innovation). 2009.

London Legacy our Development Corporation.

2016.

HAPPI Report 1. accessed 17Fish JanIsland.

2019. Supplementary https://www.housinglin.org.

Appendix 2: Hackney Wick & Planning Document. Accessed 11 Feb 2019. https://www. uk/Topics/browse/Design-building/HAPPI/ london.gov.uk/moderngovlldc/documents/b13947/ Item%209%20Appendix%202%20-%20Hackney%20 Levitt Bernstein Architects. “Buccleuch House, Hackney”. Accessed Wick%20and%20Fish%20Island%20Supplementary%20 15 Jan 2019.

Planning%20Document%20Tuesday%2024-May-201. https://www.levittbernstein.co.uk/project-stories/buccleuch-house/ pdf?T=9 Levitt Bernstein Architects. 2012. Buccleuch House, London Borough of Hackney: Design Access and Statement, Sept 2012.

Pollard Thomas Edwards.

“Stone Studios”. Accessed 3 Accessed 16 Jan 2019.https://pollardthomasedwards.co.uk/projects/ Feb 2019. http://planningdocs.hackney.gov.uk/NorthgatePublicDocs/00217002. stone-studios/ pdf Pollard Thomas Edwards. 2014, 80-84 & 88 Wallis Road.

Levitt Bernstein 2012.

Buccleuch House 05 : Accessed 10 FebArchitects.

2019. https:/ /www.pollardthomasedBuilding Layout. Accessed 16 Jan 2019. http://planningdocs. wards.co.uk/download/Wallis%20Road%20July%20 hackney.gov.uk/NorthgatePublicDocs/00217366.

Exhibition%202104.pdf pdf?fbclid=IwAR1PyrkeY7vXniIu2WXaXNBali_vWYk2SlBXUXS2uNH7SRgWMZ3qdealMU Will Steadman. 2015. 80-84 & 88 Wallis Road, Hackney Wick, E9 5LH - 14/00387/FUL. Accessed 29 Jan 2019.

Park, Julia, & Irene Craik . 2013. Housing Case Study 79: A HAPPI https://www.london.gov.uk/moderngovlldc/documents/ Partnership – delivering quality housing for older people in Hackney. s46727/80%20-%2084%20and%2088%20Wallis%20 London: Housing Learning and Improvement Network. Accessed Road%20-%2014-00387-FUL.pdf 16 Jan 2019. https://www.housinglin.org.uk/_assets/Resources/ Housing/Practice_examples/Housing_LIN_case_studies/HLIN_ Will Steadman. 2015. 80-84 & 88 Wallis Road, Hackney CaseStudy79_BuccleuchHouse.pdf Wick, E9 (Appendix 3). Accessed 29 Jan 2019. https:// www.london.gov.uk/moderngovlldc/documents/s47423/ Appendix%203%20-%20Item%206%20-%2080-84%20 88%20Wallis%20Road.pdf

Space distribution Pie charts on the right analyse distribution of the working and living spaces in the 80-84 Wallis Road based on three parameters.

The results show that studios take up 25% of the total living space, 2-bed apartments are the most employed ones and that almost a half of the 3-bed units a situated over two floors as lofts.

the Proposed Development Hackney WIck Station - new station underpass of new north-south Responding to the (part distinct character ofroute) reand station improvement works tained heritage assets Estabilshing north-south route to the north • Re-enforcing the distinct character of typical and south of Hackney Wick Station conditionsCycle andaccess key places improvements to Bridge H10 at Courtyard blocks should be articulated Wallis Road as assembled massing elements •

ROOF FORM

an plots composed of multiple and amalgamated buildings, and dramatic • in Articulation in roof forms should be he guidance aims to ensure new development fits with the surrounding the built ow proposed massing should be broken up as well as integral how rooftoforms can form . hey are meaningful and express their function.

ranged d space e.

Rooftop additions that are articulated as independent elements, for example mansard or dormer roofs should be avoided as they are not consistent with the area’s historic character.

Elevations should have a predominantly consistent and simple roofline, which does not compete with or detract from Longer blocks should be broken down retained heritage assets.

aningful ample or

IAL NT

DE

I RE S

T EN

M LOY MP

E

Employment uses at lower levels should be articulated

Hackney Wick Station upgrade works due to be implemented during 2016/17. The planning permission for these works provide greater detail APERTURES AND FENESTRATION {Planning application reference 14/00275/FUL].

Roof forms should be articulated•as an For mixed use buildings elevations should Itintegral is important design of thecreate roof geometry as a In the mixed use building, there should be a clear part to of consider the elevation design a subtle distinction between ground part of the overall assembly to form a part of the level elevation definition in the upper and lower level of uses - for and upper uses. design. Roof angles should respond to the building orientaexample, employment and residential. Opening should tion to provide appropriate amount• of Fenestration daylight. be designed according to the level of required internal design should maximise daylight for proposed internal use and to create lighting and shading system must be considered.

Changes in subtle variation in the façade. window proportion • South facing elevations should employ should be used to bring deeper reveals to provide solar shading and variety to the elevations and mitigate overheating. Any solar shading reinforce changes in scale devices must be integral to the building 62 Page 63 design.

Life between the buildings

Courtyard blocks should be articulated as assembled massing elements

•

Variety should be achieved in the façade by subtle shifts in proportions or detailing, rather than in change of material.

The 80-84, 88 Wallis Road site is assessed against Hackney Wick EXPRESSION OF USE Area Action Plan (AAP) that is • Differences between residential and nonworking towards providing vibrant residential uses should be reflected in the neighbourhood with new and redesign of windows and contribute to variety stored buildings and public areas, that include a mix of residential in architectural character.

ated mple be t with

and work facilities.

Differences in land use should contribute to variety in architectural character

• Where ground floor uses have greater public access, this should be articulated in the The proposition to bring together design of ground floor frontage.

Page 43 working and living facilities brings 63 Page 64 24/7 life to the area with people being engaged in their necessary or occasional activities.

nantly hich t from

o mized

Improvement/restoration works to heritage

Careful consideration must be given to the assests where required transition between different street types within one building. Facades located on different typical conditions should have distinct elevational character whilst ensuring wil formhas a key of the new Norththe wholeThis building a componment clear and legible identity. South Route and is a key compomemt of the

North-South underpass at Hackney Wick Station.

•

into more than longer one massing If design includes blockselement with length greater • Roof formsthan should be designed to 50m to accommodate specific site requirements, it roof is sugintegrate top PVs at an optimized gested to apply breaks in massing and form.

If breaks occur, orientation. ulated as ments. internal courtyards between the blocks must be considered.

• Steps in height within and between blocks should be deliberate and must purposeful, and should be a minimum of ould 2 storeys (6m). uilding

be

•

H RT

E

T REA G•

heating network installation TRANSITIONS District BETWEEN STREET TYPES

Roof forms should be articulated as an integral part of the elevation design

RESIDENTIAL CHARACTER

wn g and ed p in

Improved canal walls along Lee Navigation to reinforce flood defences

Proposed roof lines should be meaningful and express their function, for example roof lights providing north light for workspace.

50M AN

EMPLOYMENT CHARACTER

•

The transition between different street types should be subtly articulated

42

en

mum of

62

Page 63

Working / Living

Type of tenement: 1 bed / 2 bed / 3 bed

Lofts / Standard 3 bedroom flats

20%

25% 55% 20%

42%

80%

Ground floor is dedicated to the work spaces. Top floors are occupied by the double storey loft apartments. The rest of the buildings is left for 1-2 bed apartments.

58% 30

AD4a Y4 S2

TECTONICS

Group 1B

MARMALADE LANE CASE STUDY 2 MARMALADE LANE Architect Clients Location

Levitt Bernstein Architects Cambridge City Council K1 Housing Development in

Orchard Park, Cambridge Architect Bernstein Architects Site area Levitt0.83 ha Clients City Council Density Cambridge 42 mixed tenure homes

Location

Site area Density

A variety of homes and sizes that suits to different nee affordability are available to choose from.

K1 Housing Development in Orchard Park, Cambridge 0.83 ha 42 mixed tenure homes

Breakdown of unit types The focus of this case study is the spatial organization of programmes and housing typology to create a social model of the neighbourhood scale.

Homes are tailored to individual requirements while balancing Bus route / Link to bin storage personalisation with a cohesive Main Route architectural style. Marmalade Lane’s shared spaces and communal facilities are designed focus of this case toThe foster community spiritstudy and is the spatial organization of programmes sustainable living. and housing typology to create a social model of the neighbourhood scale.

Homes are tailored to individual requirements while balancing personalisation with a cohesive architectural style. Marmalade Lane’s shared spaces and communal facilities are designed to foster community spirit and sustainable living.

References

Bus route / Link to bin storage Main Route

References “Marmalade Lane, Cambridge, 2016”. Mole Architects.

“Marmalade accessed 21 JanLane, 2019.Cambridge, 2016”. Mole Architects. accessed 21 Jan 2019. https://www.molearchitects.co.uk/projects/housing/k1cambridge-co-housing/ https://www.molearchitects.co.uk/projects/housing/k1-cambridgeco-housing/ “Marmalade Lane: Building a Shared Future”. Marmalade. co.uk.

AccessedLane: 21 JanBuilding 2019. a Shared Future”. Marmalade.co.uk.

“Marmalade Accessed 21 Jan 2019. http://www.marmaladelane.co.uk/#cohousing http://www.marmaladelane.co.uk/#cohousing Monteiro, Trovine. Alternatives to Neighbourhood Plans: Greater Cambridge.

Powerpoint presentation. accessed Plans: Greater Monteiro, Trovine.

Alternatives to Neighbourhood 21Cambridge.

Jan 2019. Powerpoint presentation. accessed 21 Jan 2019. https://www.rtpi.org.uk/media/3007696/alternatives_to_ https://www.rtpi.org.uk/media/3007696/alternatives_to_ neighbourhood_plans_trovine.pdf?fbclid=IwAR3JrkRrNneighbourhood_plans_trovine.pdf?fbclid=IwAR3JrkRrN1PRMigeSvaU_ 1PRMigeSvaU_hpMcrRhZ_0phYfJcK_v2wAF5Uqi34LhpMcrRhZ_0phYfJcK_v2wAF5Uqi34LfbbwLzOs fbbwLzOs TOWNhus.K1K1Orchard OrchardPark, Park, Cambridge. accessed TOWNhus.

Cambridge. accessed 21 21 Jan 2019.

Jan 2019. http://www.wearetown.co.uk/wp-content/uploads/2016/02/K1sales-brochure-FINAL-April-16.pdf http:/ /www.wearetown.co.uk/wp-content/uploads/2016/02/K1-sales-brochure-FINAL-April-16.pdf

Streets in the development configured by the residents as pallette of exterior cladding.

eds and

Residents select one of from the four dwelling type of A, B, C and D and they are able to configure their desired layout from a range of interchangeable floor plans.

Mixed and intergenerational residents group creates a real sense of diverse neighbourhood which form the scheme comprising of private homes and co-housing.

A linear pedestrian street through development that encourages front-to back interaction between houses.

Allocation of Programmes

Type A1

3 bedroom

Type B1

3 double bedroom

Shared Lane Type A2

4 bedroom

Type B2

4 double bedroom

Common House

Shared garden

Type C

L0 - 1 bedroom L1 - 2 bedroom

Type D

2 double bedroom

s they are able to select the exterior of their homes by choosing from a specific

Planters Services Agreed one space per dwelling plus visitor parking. Co housing group will own and manage

Housing

Shared green space as focal space for the community includes raised beds and polytunnel for food. sun terraces, tool shed, propagation areas and relaxation spaces.

Common House located at heart of development consists of a communal kitchen, laundry services, playroom, meeting space, 31 workshop and a number of guest rooms.

AD4a Y4 S2

TECTONICS

Group 1B

CASE STUDY 3 BUCCLEUCH BUCCLEUCH HOUSE HOUSE

Architect Levitt Bernstein Architects Clients Hanover Housing Association,

Agudas Israel Housing Association, Architect Levitt Bernstein Architects

Hill Residential Clapton Common, ClientsLocation Hanover Housing Association,

London Borough of Hackney Agudas Israel Housing Association, Site area 0.50 ha Hill Residential Density 214 dwellings per ha Location Clapton Common,

Site area Density

The Hanover unit balcony can be closed to create a winter garden to allow old residents to benefit from year-round enjoy ment, extra living space and lower fuel bills.

London Borough of Hackney 0.50 ha 214 dwellings per ha

The focus of this case study is the human-scale affordances in its architecture, particularly The focus of this case study is its old-age residential units (the Hanover units) the human-scale affordances and communal facilities that are in its architecture, particularly integrate within a larger mixed-tenure its old-age residential units (the apartment block.

Hanover units) and communal facilities that are integrate within The architects have designed these a larger mixed-tenure apartment areas according to the HAPPI (Housing block.Our Aging Population: Panel for Innovation) recommendations (of The architects have designed which they also co-authored), from theseoverarching areas according to the to detailed principles HAPPIdesign.

(Housing Our Aging Population: Panel for Innovation) recommendations (of which they also co-authored), from overarching principles to detailed design.

References References

57

Hanover unit

1

Recessed entrance threshold

2

5m deep living room to admit sufficient daylight

3

Inner full-height glazing with integrated window for ventilation

4

South-facing balcony admits natural daylight Second plane of glazing creates protected outdoor space

5

Smaller fenestrations for bedroom for privacy and thermal comfort

6

1500mm sliding doors to ease movement

7

1500mm turning circle in bathroom to ease movement

8

1500m turning circle in galley kitchen; middle units may not receive natural daylight

1

2

515

HAPPI(Housing our Aging Population: Panel for Innovation). 2009.

HAPPI(Housing Aging Population: for https://www.housinglin.org.

HAPPI our Report 1. accessed 17Panel Jan 2019.

Innovation). 2009. HAPPI Report 1. accessed 17 Jan uk/Topics/browse/Design-building/HAPPI/ 2019. https://www.housinglin.org.uk/Topics/browse/ Design-building/HAPPI/ Levitt Bernstein Architects. “Buccleuch House, Hackney”. Accessed 15 Jan 2019. https://www.levittbernstein.co.uk/project-stories/buccleuch-house/ Levitt Bernstein Architects. “Buccleuch House, Hackney”.

Accessed 15 Jan 2019.

Levitt Bernstein Architects. 2012. Buccleuch House, London Borough https://www.levittbernstein.co.uk/project-stories/bucof Hackney: Design Access and Statement, Sept 2012. Accessed cleuch-house/ 16 Jan 2019. http://planningdocs.hackney.gov.uk/NorthgatePublicDocs/00217002.

Levitt Bernstein Architects. 2012. Buccleuch House, pdf London Borough of Hackney: Design Access and Statement, Sept 2012.

Accessed 16 Jan 2019. 2012. Buccleuch House 05 : Levitt Bernstein Architects. http://planningdocs.hackney.gov.uk/NorthgatePublicBuilding Layout. Accessed 16 Jan 2019. http://planningdocs.

Docs/00217002.pdf hackney.gov.uk/NorthgatePublicDocs/00217366. pdf?fbclid=IwAR1PyrkeY7vXniIu2WXaXNBali_vWYk2SlBXUXS2Levitt Bernstein Architects. 2012. Buccleuch House 05 : uNH7SRgWMZ3qdealMU Building Layout. Accessed 16 Jan 2019. http://planningdocs.hackney.gov.uk/NorthgatePublicDocs/00217366.

Park, Julia, & Irene Craik . 2013. Housing Case Study 79: A HAPPI pdf?fbclid=IwAR1PyrkeY7vXniIu2WXaXNBali_vWYk2SlPartnership – delivering quality housing for older people in Hackney.

BXUXS2-uNH7SRgWMZ3qdealMU London: Housing Learning and Improvement Network. Accessed 2019.

Park, Julia,16&Jan Irene Craikhttps://www.housinglin.org.uk/_assets/Resources/ . 2013. Housing Case Study Housing/Practice_examples/Housing_LIN_case_studies/HLIN_ 79: A HAPPI Partnership – delivering quality housing for CaseStudy79_BuccleuchHouse.pdf older people in Hackney. London: Housing Learning and Improvement Network. Accessed 16 Jan 2019. https:// www.housinglin.org.uk/_assets/Resources/Housing/ Practice_examples/Housing_LIN_case_studies/HLIN_CaseStudy79_BuccleuchHouse.pdf

Living

22.8m2 vs 25m2

Kitchen 10

The above shows a comparison with the private residential un (Hill Unit). In general, the living spaces of the Hanover unit are much more generous.

The care team regularly organizes activities for the old residents.

y-

8 2700

730

2050 7

Communal facilities 3690 1500 Preserved mature trees 2500

Communal

6

Lounge Patio

0.5m2 vs 16m2

Cafe

5

Outdoor planters Guest room 2b3p

3 4080

50

nit e

The sunken courtyard with sensory planting and pergolas is a semi-private outdoor space for the old residents.

Meeting room Staff

1500

Kitchen, plant

3551 4

Care team office/lounge

Services Laundry Scooter room Parking Refuse room Secondary vehicle route

Bedroom 12.5m2 vs 15m2

Bathroom 4.4m2 vs 7.5m2 Moving up to individual flats, circulation is naturally lit, with spaces to pause and opportunities to personalize front doors.

Double height breakout space can be used as a library, lounge or venues for small occassions such as birthday celebrations.

32

AD4a

TECTONICS

Y4 S2

11

L3, MAISONETTE 12

11 12 13

13

Master bedroom Master bath Terrace

L2, MAISONETTE Bedroom11 Bathroom

9 10

L3, MAISONETTE

1 10

9

10

10

9

10

12

11 12 13

13

Master bedroom Master bath Terrace

L1, MAISONETTE 5

6

7

4 5 6 7 8

8

External access deck Entrance Powder room Kitchen Living & dining 10

4

9 10

11

L3, MAISONETTE

Bedroom Bathroom 12

9

10

9

10

11 12 13

13

Master bedroom Master bath Terrace

6

5

URBAN LIVING

L2, MAISONETTE

7

8 10

NORTH & EAST MAISONETTES

The project always ties back to Falkirk's public realm. Howgate Road reestablishes traffic and pedestrian connection to Falkirk’s surburban residences. The market provides fresh local produce and a place for gathering. An improved public space with new street furniture and a dry deck fountain brings opportunity for play and recreation.`

Polycarbonate raincatcher roof RC primary roof

L1, MAISONETTE

L0, MARKET

2

3

5 6 Corridor Stall M&E pylon

1 2 3

7

4 5 6 7 8

8

4

1

L2, MAISONETTE11

Sandtone and glass curtain wall

floor slab External accessRC deck Entrance Expanded steel external access deck Powder room Kitchen party wall 9 10 Living & diningRC 10

9 10

Bedroom Bathroom 12

WET MARKET

2

5

6

3

7

Zinc-clad M&E pylons Antislip mat on granite pavers 9 crawlspace 10 RC 10 floor slab with for M&E runners

8

4

NORTH &

RC subterranean stanchions to UG carpark superstructure

A

Polycarbo

L1, MAISONETTE RC primar

4

6

4

8

9

8

8 9

3

5

5

3

1

1 2 3

5

13

6

Corridor Stall M&E pylon

15

7

14

8

11 4

4 5 6 7 8

18

ExternalSandtone access dec Entrance RC floor s Powder room KitchenExpanded Living & dining10

RC party w 5

7 2

L0, MARKET

7

6 12

10

2

12 7

14

16

WET MA

Zinc-clad M 10 Antislip m RC floor s runners

8

RC subter

L0, LOWER MAISONETTES 1 2 3 4 5 6

Communal stairwell Entrance Living & Dining Kitchen Powder room Bedroom / Study

A

L1, LOWER MAISONETTES

L2, UPPER MAISONETTES

7 8 9

10 11 12 13 14 15

Master bedroom Bedroom Bathroom

Entrance Living & dining Powder room Bedroom / study Bedroom Bathroom

su L3,carpark UPPER

L0, MARKET 1 2 3

16 5 17 Corridor Stall 18 M&E pylon 4

6M

L Te

East Market-Maisonette Technical Section

Top floor Transluscent polycarbonate roof panel

Polycarbonate roof panel Steel frame Steel frame Roof structure support Steel plate Gutter Stainless steel rope cable trellis Cable trellis Zinc flashing Firring Rainscreen panel Rigid insulation RC Slab Clerestory windows Skylights Zinc rainscreen panel

Firring

Reinforced concrete slab

Operable clerestory windows

Skylights to bathroom and stairwell

Bathroom

Bathroom ceramic tiles Screed Slotted channel drain Waterproof sheathing Rigid insulation RC slab

Screed to achieve shallow gradient

Screed Precast concrete sheathing

Waterproof sheathing

Steel RHS frame with

Reinforced concrete slab

Birch plywood panel

Alum Z section Plywood soffit

Oak floorboard Underfloor heating in screed RC Slab Stair spine Reinforced concrete slab Stair spine to RC slab

Trellis cable turnbuckle Steel horizontal frame Trellis cable turnbuckle Steel RHS frame

1st floor Planter trough Glass railing Walkway Sloped sofft/drainage basin

Open air Market Zinc planter box

Pivoting screens Vent ducts Alum soffit, plywood facing Anti-slip mat Granite floor deck M&E Pedestal Sloted channel drain Rigid insulation RC Slab Transfer structure Double laminated glass balustrade Expanded steel walkway Steel RHS frame

Folding doors

Wet market stall

Crawlspace for plumbing and wiring

Adjustable pedestal

waterproof sheathing

Reinforced concrete slab

Reinforced concrete pedestal to transfer beams

Market-Maisonettes L3, MAISONETTE 11 12 13

13

Market, L0 1 Corridor 2 Stall 3 M&E pylon

Master bedroom Master bath Terrace

Maisonette, L1 4 External access deck 5 Entrance 6 Powder room 7 Kitchen 8 Living & dining

Maisonette, L2 9 Bedroom 10 Bathroom

Maisonette,DETAIL L3 SECTION WET MARKET & MAISONETTE 11 Master bedroom 12 Master bath 13 Terrace

Upper Unit, L2 10 Entrance 11 Living & dining 12 Powder room 13 Bedroom / study 14 Bedroom 15 Bathroom

Upper Unit, L3 16 Master bedroom 17 Living & dining 18 Terrace

0

0.1

.5

1m

L2, MAISONETTE

18 9

10

9

10

9 10

South Maisonettes

Bedroom Bathroom

Lower Unit, L0 1 Communal stairwell 2 Entrance 3 Living & Dining 4 Kitchen 5 Powder room 6 Bedroom / Study

17

R MAISONETTES

L1, MAISONETTE

Master bedroom Living & dining Terrace

4 5 6 7 8

7

8

External access deck Entrance Powder room Kitchen Living & dining

Lower Unit, L1 7 Master bedroom 8 Bedroom 9 Bathroom

0 0.2

1

2m

33

AD4a

TECTONICS

ENVIRONMENTAL

Y4 S2

Building envelope

Evening sun from the West

Diffused skylight

Diffused skylight

Rainwater collection to irrigate trellis planters

12m oor depth affords natural ventilation via clerestory windows

Airwell affords stack effect

Plants lend solar shading and privacy

2.7

AHU for high intensity programmed activity in refectory/multipurpose venue

AHU for basement cycle storage, kitchen and plant

Intake vent + induction jets + ext 2.8

L STRATEGIES

Displacement ventilation

Views to the Steeple via tall window

Trellis lends solar shading and privacy

Morning sun from the East

Skylit stairwell

9m oor depth affords natural ventilation

Rainwater collection to irrigate trellis planters

Stormwater drainage for wet market and courtyard

Utility pylon integrates AHU, (9) sprinkler system, plumbing and electricity main branches

tract vents

0

1

5

Environmental Section

10m

34

AD4b Y4 S2

ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN : LOGISITICS

City Plan 2

MATERIAL PRIORITIES

Merchant C

Garment F

A CASE STUDY OF THE GARMENT FACTORY, GLASGOW With Cindy Cheng & Dashini A. Suras Varan

The Garment Factory has undergone several changes in its use and design since 1898. We became interested in examining the relationship between its material-structural assemby and the socioeconomic condition it is in. This research therefore revolves around the concept of ‘material priorities’, and pertains to these questions: How would a certain material assembly carry a different importance or express different meanings at different times? How would the material assembly of the building change in response to different social and economical pressures over the course of its life?

How would the change in architectural and material intensities in different parts of the building reflect its relationship to its occupants?

Four parameters - profit, brand, user comfort and conservation - were organized to study each aspect of the building’s restoration.

1897 : Production-oriented

Image

Conservation

FROM PRIVATE PROPERTY TO URBAN FEATURE The material priority of the building as it was first designed and built was very much directed inward - towards expressing the prestige and prosperity of its proprietors. In the present, however, its materiality shifts towards a greater scope. The building no longer stands for the image of just a single business or of its owner, but is also associated with the image of an urban area or of the city as a whole. This changing materiality is reflected in the various prerequisites and prescriptions subjected to the restoration of the building.

Glasgow City Plan 2 2016: User-oriented

Profit / cost-efficiency

Brand

User Comfort

Conservation

Key references Glasgow City Council. Planning Application of the Garment Factory, Glasgow.

Accessed February 14, 2019. https://publicaccess.glasgow.gov.uk/online-applications/applicationDetails.

Moroney, Jo. “Tour of the Garment Factory.” Interview by Dashini A Suran, Daryl Law, and Cindy Cheng. February 1, 2019.

Stewart, Ross. “Interview with the Garment Factory Architect.” Interview by Dashini A Suras Varan, Daryl Law, and Cindy Cheng. January 9, 2019.

The building is within the mixed development area outlined by Glasgow's City Plan 2. The Development Policy Principle DEV 8 ‘Mixed Development’ advises and supports opportunites for mixed used developments within the area. By continuing its former use as offices as well as introducing additional commercial spaces for rent, the restoration of the Garment Factory simultaneously satisfies the inward programmatic requirements of the client and the outward, city-wide concerns of the urban planners.

The adjacent Ramshorn Church Yard is designated as a Site of Special Landscape Importance (SSLI), where

Policy ENV 7 ‘National Local Environmental D applicable. The client care to the sensitivity Church and Yard by en development did not a this designation.

The building is also wi Conservation Area. Th historical environmen ‘Protecting and Enhan Historic Environment’ Design Guidance for L and Properties in Cons These policies ensure appearance of Glasgow areas are preserved an while protecting archi historic interest of list impact of the new dev existing built heritage alongside the social, e cultural advantages it The restoration would a property that had be 2012. The scale of the alterations also ensure no adverse effects the area and special intere building. In accordanc 3's aim to retain all lis development ensures use of the building.

2 Central Area

City Conservation Area

Factory

E

l, Regional and Designations’ is took particular of the Ramshorn nsuring the affect any part of

ithin the Central herefore, nt policies DES 3 ncing the City’s ’ and DG/DES 3 Listed Buildings servation Area. the character and w’s conservation nd enhanced itectural and ted buildings. The velopment on the was considered economic and would result in. d give new life to een vacant since e proposed physical ed that there were e conservation est of the listed ce with Policy DES sted buildings, the the continued re-

Scottish Planning Policy 2014 The policy aims to protect a building’s special interest while enabling it to remain in active use. The proposal makes sympathetic alterations with principles of sustainable development.

Listed Building Consent The client sought approval for change of use to commercial use and restaurant (basement, ground floor, first floor) with refurbishment of offices. This included internal and external alterations to the listed building. A number of regulations pertaining to conservation were taken to into account.

Scottish Historic Environment Policy(SHEP) The building complies with revised SHEP, issued in September 2011 which states ‘ where change is proposed, it is appropriate, carefully, considered, authoritatively based, properly planned and excuted and (if appropriate) reversible’ -Paragraph 1.8

AD4b

ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN : LOGISITICS

Y4 S2

Profit

Comfort

MAXIMING EFFECIENCY

SWEATSHOP TO STUDIO

The garment factory's large open spaces were for garment production. The architects reverted to this layout as it allowed for flexible use of the space by tenants. The original factory building consisted of 3 staircases that ran through all the levels. However the conversion to 6 floors of commercial office building only required 2 staircases. By removing and infilling the staircase on the south west corner, the office floor plate was extended. The removal of south west stairs also created more south facing windows that increased natural daylight for the office space.

The layers of wall finishes, sometimes about 200mm thick that accumulated throughout the building over the years from different tenants were removed. This achieved a 75% NIA to GIA ratio , increased from 60%.

With user confort being a main priority of the current client, the walls needed to be restored to adhere to current regulations as well as conservation requirements.

This would also regulate the internal environement and ensure more efficient energy use. New insulation and vapour control layers were added to increase the

1898

buildings thermal performance.

The clients' demand for an industrial aesthetic also resulted in the internal surface of the building and masonry being treated with minimal finish.

Breathable, non-volatile plaster (Tarmac Limelite) was used to render the interior walls, whereas a thin waterproof coating is applied to the exterior masonry.

1898 Original plan showing cast iron column positions and load bearing masonry wall.

The grid of windows covering the whole of each facade was most proabably intended for natural cross-ventilation, but upon evaluation it was ineffective due to the building's deep floor space. The middle structural bay especially requires artificial ventilation to circulate its stagnant air.

Pre-restoration

Pre-restoration Plan showing modifications made to the internal layout with plasterboard partitions to accomodate the offices of prior tenants.

With so many internal partitions, it is very likely that air conditions were used.

2016

2016 The building features an assisted natural stack-ventilation system (Breathing Buildings), utilising a vertical void created in the northmost 'service zone'. Fans are activated when the system detects low convection rate indoors. This overcomes the limitation of conventional natural stackventilation considering the building's large volume. It also affords a much lower energy consumption than conventional mechanical ventilation, whilst adhering to the design ethos of 'de-furbishment' specified by the architect.

Lift Core

Risers

Office

Office

Office

Above : diagra Below : Risers

Office

Conservation

BALANCING CONSERVATION AND COST-EFFICIENCY When stripping out the building, the architects discovered original cast iron columns hidden by plaster casings. There were two immediate advantages to refurbishing and revealing the original columns : first was an increase in net internal area; second was the enhancement of the building’s minimalist industrial character.

The architects also discovered half of the floor plates to be Fawcett systems. It was briefly popular in 19th-century industrial buildings as its hollow structure was thought to be capable of reducing fire spread, whilst reducing the mass of the floor by 25 percent. Inasmuch as the

Previous tennants used plaster to cover the cast iron columns

Garment Factory has not had fire incidents, the degradation of exterior lime mortar has caused humid air to ingress and corrode the terracotta lintels in the floor system. It was realized that the compromised lower portion could be removed without affecting the structural integrity of the floors. They became another authentic part of the building’s industrial aesthetic that would strategically appeal to tech-savvy entrepreneurs looking for serviced workspace.

Existing ply overlay and screed retained.

Existing floor boards or ply infill on battens.

Existing 80mm timber battens 80mm cinder concrete

The columns had old paint and rust which needed to be removed

Existing 135x75mm wrought iron I-joists Damaged 135mm hollow clay 'lintels' New Gyproc channels New 2x15mm Gyproc Fireline beams Existing 305x153mm wrought iron beams

Lift Motor Room

Soda blasting was used instead of sandblasting as it was less abrasive to the surface of the metal. The columns were temporarily shielded to contain dust and noise.

FF Lobby

FF Lobby

FF Lobby

ram of the Breathing Building system.

Riser FF Lobby west ends of the building. s at the at east and

FF Lobby

The column is then coated with a metal primer before being covered by intumescent paint.

The paint acts as a firebreak by expanding in thickness by 50 times when subjected to temperatures higher than 120°C. Above : Original section drawing of Fawcett floor vs Section of floor with new additions Below : Exploded exonometric of floor system

36 New Gyproc channels

Clay lintels from ‘Fawcett floor’

AD4b Y4 S2

ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN : LOGISITICS Profit

Image

Conservation

BACK-OF-HOUSE TO FRONT-OF-HOUSE The north sector of the buiding was originally used as a loading bay and worker staircase (servant space). The large doors allowed for convenient loading and unloading of goods where they would then be transported to the rest of the building via the elevator. The clients of the garment factory would enter via a special grand staircase, never seeing the inner workings of the factory. This entrance was on the prestigious Ingram Street, further adding to the exclusivity of the client's experience. Only a small part of the building was used to enhance the customer experience.

Realising the inefficiency of a layout that had its main entrance

on Ingram Street, the architects proposed shifting the entrance lobby to Montrose Street where the large loading bay door would provide a large and welcoming reception. The existing lift could be supplemented by another for circulation resulting in a reception space that facilitated the movement of clients throughout the entire building. The once ignored long west elevation, was now being used as a major selling point with a retail unit that opened up to Montrose Street

8

7

G-G08

G-G07

G-G06

9

G-G04

G-G05

G-G03

10

G-G02

G-G01

+ 11.450

+ 11.458

+ 12.297

01

05

04

1 to 60 + 12.198

WE-07

+ 11.45 R-06

03

External Terrace

Pla tform Lift (tena nt fit out)

+ 12.270

02

1 to 80

DE-G11

+ 11.474

1 to 80 + 12.270

01

02

04

03

05

External Terrace + 12.270 R-06

External Terrace + 12.270

+ 12.270

R-07

WE-07

+ 12.270

Stair 08

Stair 07

1 to 80

C(24)008

C(24)008

R-06

+ 12.198

+ 11.493

CDM INFORMATION

DE-G07

DE-G06

Final Exit

In addition to the hazards & risks normally associated with the type of work detailed on this drawing, please note the following additional hazards & risks

Final Exit

CDM INFORMATION In addition to the hazards & risks normally associated with the type of work detailed on this drawing, please note the following additional hazards & risks

General notes:

路 This drawing to be read in conjunction with other L(PL) series drawings.

路 Demolitions generally indicated by red dashed line.

General notes:

路 This drawing to be read in conjunction with other L(PL) series

Drawing Notes:

drawings.

路 Demolitions generally indicated by red dashed line.

Drawing Notes:

6

8

7

9

10

Level 01 + 16.71

G-G08

G-G07

G-G06

G-G05

G-G04

G-G02

G-G03

G-G01

SSL + 12.100 Level 00 + 12.280 SSL + 12.170 SSL + 12.100

TOS + 12.010

TOS + 12.010

TOS + 11.940

TOS + 11.940

Entrance level + 11.65

Entrance level + 11.45

TOS + 11.455

TOS + 11.215

TOS + 11.940

Planning and Listed Buildings Planning and Listed Buildings

Do not scale from this drawing

Do not scale from this drawing

112 Ingram Street, Glasgow

Project Title

Drawing Title

West Elevation as existing showing demolitions

0

112 Ingram Street, Glasgow

Drawing Title

South Elevation as existing showing demolitions

METRES

METRES

Montrose Street Elevation

Project Title

0

5

Ingram Street Elevation

SCALE

5 SCALE

5 Advocate's Close / Edinburgh / EH1 1ND T 0131 332 4200 / E mail@morganmcdonnell.co.uk

Date

08 01 16

Scale

1:100 @ A1

Job no.

P12-033

Dwg. no.

L(PL)201

This drawing is the copyright of Morgan McDonnell Architecture Ltd.

5 Advocate's Close / Edinburgh / EH1 1ND T 0131 332 4200 / E mail@morganmcdonnell.co.uk

Date

08 01 16

Scale

1:100 @ A1

Job no.

P12-033

Dwg. no.

L(PL)202

This drawing is the copyright of Morgan McDonnell Architecture Ltd.

Th to b wh ope to t

Comparison of the larger 'advertisable' surface of the South Elevation against the West Elevation. Points of restoration highlighted in red.

Creation of an arcade for the ground-floor retail units.

Mo rai allo bas for

Pavement to Montrose St Loading bay level to the street Existing brick stair core and lift core Partitions Floor slabs

New concrete blockwork lift core New steel columns and beams

Ground floor

Ground floor

Basement Basement

1

4 Existing beam to be trimmed

New composite concrete floor slabs

Exisisting beam to be removed Plaster envelope

Opening for cycle lift connected to basement storage Intumescent seal on cast iron columns

Ground floor

Ground floor Basement

Removed

Basement

Added

2

5

Fire escape Ceramic tiles Steel frame sliding door entrance Terrazzo screed New plaster finish Toilet, dry riser and cafe workstation Seating booth and reception booth

Ground floor Ground floor Basement Basement

he architects intended lobby that be read as an ‘interior street’ hile taking advantage of the larger ening and immediate connection the stairs and lifts.

ost of the old ground floor was ised by 1m from the street to ow clerestory windows for the sement, which was used primarily r storage.

3

6 37

ON DRAWING

A E DI CULAE This drawing project tests the tension between the stability and resilience of architecture against the metamorphic, fluidic, impermanent forces inherent in climate, ecology and industry.

The grind of industry: wool, gas, leather. The weathering of: flood, heat, storm and geology. The impress of politics, religion and culture as they incrementally re-programme the site.

Resilient artefacts are identified as aedicules within the greater site, fragments, sea stacks that demonstrate the material and structural potential to withstand these pressures. They form a family, a typology.

The aedicule, is investigated as a housing for the narratives of use. 8 Howard Place, the first home of Robert Louis Stevenson, offers a vessel within which to house the wool, oil, gas and blood of the landscape of the site. It is surveyed for points of vulnerability and points of resilience.

Left : AEDICULA. Final submission drawing.

The script, layered with new annotations, mappings and illustrations.

Script

Elegy for the Map The script serves as a blueprint to plan and enact my fieldwork as I visited the Water of Leith. Part folding map, part photographic reference, part data field, The script is a guide and a prompt, a drawing to draw into and annotate on site.

Old, analog maps have a particular material property distinct from those in our age of digital, mass-produced media. They are maps made not with the all-seeing satellite lens, but is intimately tied to the body of the mapmaker as he moves, measures and marks. The map of the traveling mapmaker is not a seamless surface, but a collage of pieces made in succession. It grows and unfolds as he moves. Its increasing surface and complexity measures the mapmaker in his space-time.

The folding map.

38

OD

ON DRAWING

Y4 S1

Stockbridge Colonies Dean Bank Ln.

Rodney Pl. Brandon Ter.

St Bernard’s Well Bell’s Brae

Expansion of Tanfield premises service includes letterpress-printing, bookbinding, lithography, map-making, stereotyping

1928 Morrison & Gibb acquires W. & A.K. Johnston

1893 Tanfield Bonds 1887 Morrison & Gibb

relocated to Tanfield

1879 Redesignated Morrison & Gibb ~1865 Wool stores

F 1843 Act of Separation, formation of the Free Church of Scotland

1829

Company folded, acquired by Edinburgh Coal Gas Co.

1824

Sir Walter Scott buys major shares, elected as chairman foundation of gasworks laid on Tanfield

1823 Founding of Edinburgh Oil & Gas Co.

Source: ecclegen.com

Source: Oliver, Susan. 2017.

“Trees, Rivers, and Stories: Walter Scott Writing the Land”. The Yearbook of English Studies, Vol. 47, pp279-99.

DOI: 10.5699/yearenglstud.47.2017.0279

~1843 Tanfield Hall; Tanfield nursery

1841 Redesignated Murray & Gibb 1837 Founding of William Oliphant & Co. Printing company

~1824 Tanfield Hall Architect: William Burr

1825 Founding of W. & A.K. Johnston Steel plate and copper plate printers

~1817 Estate - Mr Ainslie’s

Left: Urban sketches: resilient structures along the Water of Leith.

Source: scottishprintarchive.org Above: Script, fieldwork focusing on Tanfield.

Source: National Library of Scotland Maps

M T

Th Le lan as th se fe te

Plo

Fieldwork / Plot i

Monument Valley : Tanfield

he script maps key figures along the Water of eith. In this way I developed a sense of the greater ndscape of the site and in doing so discover ssociations, connections and curious juxtapositions hat were not immediately obvious. The urban sketch eries began with a visual interest in architectural eatures that seem to acquire a semi-independent ectonic quality.

A singular hinge site, Tanfield is identified then mined as a productive landscape, material and cultural: the birthplace of the Free Church fo Scotland; a site of mapmaking, printworks and corporate ventures; a touchstone for the technology of photography; a site vulnerable to flood, to natural erasure and redistribution.

Plot i is the first narratological matrix of the sociopolitical events, microclimates, geological formations and architectures of Tanfield. The composition uncovers possibilities of a point of view, a sense of time and of scale of the site beyond the conventional plans and sections.

ot i: Monument Valley : Tanfield.

39

OD

ON DRAWING

Y4 S1

Aedicule: Storyhouse The Aedicule is developed a as a measurement of time and scale in the fluidic material landscape of Tanfield. The empirical, quantitative mode of measure was first explored.

Its alternative, the qualitative, narratological mode of measure, is subsequently found to offer a more intuitive development of the Aedicule as a drawing.

The idea of the Aedicule gains complexity by having vulnerability and interiority. As a vessel of events or narratives, the Aedicule reveals an affinity to a storyhouse. The house of birth of Robert Louis Stevenson on Inverleith Row, at the edge of Tanfield, lends strength to this intuition.

The Aedicule is thus the device of the storyteller. It absorbs and dischage the material-cultural landscape of Tanfield, and metamorphosizes to process and redistribute these forces and pressures.

Storyhouse 2 : composition of the oil-powered gaslights instaled in Edinburgh; operating from Tanfield.

S

Storyhouse.3: armature.

Storyhouse.4.1 : loom.

Plot ii:

Tapestry

Plot (ii) represents a new emphasis, hierarchy and with the storyhouse as i The drawing continues t metamorphic warping, p weaving of matter, land coordinates.

Plot ii : Tapestry.

w composition, d narrative, its epicentre. to test the pulling and dscape and

Time-scale:

Effluvia

The Water of Leith has been free of the industrial effluvia of gas, oil, dust and urine since the last century.

Yet the quality of sunlight falling on its surface gives it an oleaginous quality evocative of its past life.

Through video and photo manipulation, the different impressions of the river surface fuels the imagination of the author.

The Water of Leith is both oleaginous and gaseous, opaque and filiform, delicate, and ethereal. Then, it reinundates the landscapes in its many forms.

41

Plot ii rescripted: Full drawing of A

AEDICULA, 4m long.

42

APWL Y3 S2

DESIGN REPORT ANALYSIS

The strategic location of the station within Bukit Bintang’s commercial hotspot © MRT Corp YouTube channel

BUKIT BINTANG STATION, KLANG VALLEY MASS RAPID TRANSIT (LINE 1), MALAYSIA The Architectural Practice : Working Learning course lays out a learning framework about an architectural practice’s professional and social responsibilities. This assignment prompted me to study an architectural project that has a specialised function in an urban and infrastructural context. Looking beyond the basic functionality of an MRT station, I studied the key design ideas that express the project’s urban character, building standards for user accessibility and comfort, as well as its socioeconomic objectives as part of Klang Valley’s urban masterplan.

As I was unable to access the actual Design Report document, this analysis was developed from a mindmap of publicity and press material, and planning-stage documents. The design team, Veritas Architects, was assisted by Weston Williamson in station planning, the latter a London-based practice with an expertise in transport architecture.

SOCIOECONOMIC OBJECTIVES

Key References MMC Gamuda Sdn Bhd. 2013. Contract Document for Projek Mass Rapid Transit Lembah Kelang: Jajaran Sungai Buloh-Kajang - Design Criteria 500, Vol. 2 of 5 (Part 1 of 12). n.p.

MMC Gamuda and MRT Corp. 2016. Station Outline Design Calculations and Documentation. n.p.

Mass Rapid Transit (MRT) serves to increase connectivity between the exisiting rail networks of the Klang Valley Intergrated Transit System and alleviate the severe traffic congestion in the Greater Kuala Lumpur metropolitan area. MRT Line 1 (Sungai Buloh-Kajang) and Line 2 (Sungai Buloh-Putrajaya) cut through the heart of the city centre, augmenting the older Kela tna Jaya and Ampang Lines which run at its fringes. MRT Lin 3, dubbed THE Circle Line, links up other existing transit lines. The project is also one of the economic entry point projects for the Klang Valley “National Key Economic Area (NKEA)” under the federal government’s Economic Transformation Programme. The new train lines will spur the development of new commercial and residential properties in Greater Kuala Lumpur.

MRT Corp Sdn Bhd. “Sungai Buloh-Kajang (SBK) Line Stations”.

Accessed 1st February 2018. https://www.mymrt.com.my/public/ sgbuloh-kajang-sbk-line/stations/ Veritas Architects Sdn Bhd. 2014. Arch. Finishes Presentation UG1 Outline 2014_Augs - KPrev2. Presentation, unknown location.

Above left: Alignment masterplan of MRT Line 1, or the SBK (Sungai Buloh-Kajang) line. Bukit Bintang Station highlighted in red marquee. © MRT Corp Youtube Channel

Entrance C, Bukit Bingtag Station at night.

The traffic and construction planning of the underground station box. © MRT Corp YouTube channel

Location The 51km Sungai Buloh-Kajang (SBK) Line is the first line of the KVMRT project. It has 31 stations of which 7 are underground, running 9.5km beneath the centre of Kuala Lumpur. Full revenue service began on 18 July 2017. It serves an estimate of 400,000 passengers daily. The stations are generally placed on ‘hotspots’ that have high potential for commercial development or redevelopment. Bukit Bintang Station, on the other hand. was built more to improve connectiivty to an already densely developed commercial zone.

The station is named after Bukit Bintang (‘Starhill’), Kuala Lumpur’s most prominent shopping and entertainment district. It is home to many landmark shopping centres, hotels, al-fresco cafes, bars, night markets, and hawker-type eateries.

The area is popular among tourists and locals, especially the youths. The tunnel alignments generally follow existing traffic routes (in this case Bukit Bintang Road) and avoid passing under buildings to minimize the risk of subsidence. The station is built 28m undergound, with stacked (or split) platforms as the ground between the buildings is too narrow to build side-by-side platforms whilst maintaining acive traffic throughout construction.

The station straddles two distinct geological formations - the Kenny Hll formation (interbedded sandstone formation) and karstic KL limestone. MGKT developed a Variable-Density Tunnel oring Machines (VDTBM) that is able to convert from slurry shield mode (when tunneling through limestone) to earth pressure balance mode (when tunneling through Kenny Hill formation) to prevent sinkholes and subsidence.

43

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DESIGN REPORT ANALYSIS

Y3 S2

Top to bottom: ground level plan,; long section; concourse level plan. © Veritas Design Group

Platform level plans. Š Veritas Design Group

DESIGNING FOR EFFICIENCY Platform Dimensions The platforms are the most sensitive part of the station. They accommodate the complex interaction of passengers moving, waiting, alighting and boarding, and are planned to absorb service disruptions such as delayed arrival, alighting of more passengers than forecasted, and emergency evacuations. (MMC Gamuda 2013)

Spatial Planning The station layout is planned to its maximum capacity at its maximum lifespan. Dimensions and facilities are based on ridership estimates for the years 2026 and 2050.

Proprietary full-height platform screen doors (PSDs) are a safety requirement. (DC500 subsection 500.4.3.5) The nominal platform length is 88.8m to accommodate boarding and alighting the 90m-long 4-car trains. (DC500 subsection 500.3.3.3) The platform is planned on a grid of 11.1m, corresponding to the spacing of train doors of 5.55m. (DC500 subsection 500.3.3.4) The minimum width between the inner face of the PSDs to the nearest obstruction, eg the elevators, is 3m. (DC500 subsection 500.4.3.8) (MMC Gamuda 2013, 99)

44

APWL

DESIGN REPORT ANALYSIS

Y3 S2

DESIGNING FOR COMFORT Flood Protection

Ventilation

Acoust

The entrance landing satisfies two regulatory criteria: 1) positioned 600mm above 100-year return period flood level; 2) positioned 450mm above adjacent ground level.

(MMC Gamuda and MRT Corp 2016, 25)

Ventilation shafts at two ends of the station balance the air pressure in the tunnel and station as a train passes through at high speed. A second set supply fresh air to the tunnel and enables airconditioning in the station’s front-of-house zones. A third set extract metal dust, generated from friction between wheel and rail, that is harmful to the respiration system.

The rever limit of 1. the ceilin Sabine Eq estimatio

Close-up section of the entrance threshold. © Veritas Design Group

Ventilation Building C serves the underground corridor linking Entrance D to the station concourse. The shaft is strategically concealed in a sculptural cube with LED advertising panels on all sides, that also reinstates a preexisting one on the same spot.

RT = 0.16 = 0.1611 × where, V = volum A = equiv surface a a = absor S = area o m2

Vent building C, concealed in an advertising sculpture. © Veritas Design Group

Bukit Bintang

tics

rberation time (RT) at 1kHz satisfies the .6s in front-of-house zones where ng height is lower than 5m. quation is used as a preliminary on of RT.

611 × V/A × V/Σ (a × S)

me of space in m3 valent absorption area in m2 rption coefficient of absorbing surface in

g Station RT calculations in Sabine. © MMC Gamuda & MRT Corp

Distribution of panels and soffits in Bukit Bintang Station. © Veritas Design Group

45

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DESIGN REPORT ANALYSIS

Y3 S2

DESIGNING FOR URBAN CHARACTER The transparent, angular and reflective structures of the ground level entrance pavilions derive their form from the quartz, particularly that of the world’s longest Klang Gates quartz ridge running the northeast of Kuala Lumpur. The multifaceted form of the quartz and its kaleidoscopic reflections were to represent Malaysia’s cultural diversity. (MRT Corp) The steel-and-glass structure is also practical as it maximises daylight entering the concourse level. The station has 5 ground level entrances to maximize access from and increase connectivity between the commercial outlets. Entrances C and D and linked (paid area-to-paid area) to the elevated AirAsiaBukit Bintang Monorail Station.

Above: Concept to Architecture: the translucent quartz in the form of the station entrance pavilions. © BigKL

Above: Material choices to realise the key design concept. © Veritas Design Group

Interior Unlike the elevated stations, the underground stations each have a unique layout due to alignment constraints, different subterranean depths and buildable space.

The key concept for Buking Bintang station’s imterior is “Dynamism”. The vibrant red dual-tone and trapezoidal pattern of its four-storey feature wall is intended to accentuate the movement of passengersand symbolize the liveliness and dynamism of the commercial district. The interior uses durable materials with high-quality finish: granite for floor tiling; aluminium and glass for wall cladding; and aluminium for ceiling soffits.

The “Art Express” initiative by MMC Gamuda KVMRT Sdn Bhd (MGKT) invited local designers to design station benches that reflect the area’s fastpaced urban lifestyle.

46

AD3 Y3 S1

ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN : EXPLORATIONS

IVORY TOWERS & SMOKE STACKS INSTALLATION ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN : EXPLORATIONS with Sasha Yeap, Raina Tini, Dashini A. Suras Varan, & Eddie Chau

A TRIPTYCH OF INSTITUTION, ACADEMY & DOMESTICITY Part 1 began with a study of the first floor gallery of the National Museum of Scotland.

A horizontal narratological axis consists of Scotland’s political history (documentation of the Jacobite Challlenge), its symbol of egalitarianism (the cruck frame house), and its industrial transformation. Another vertical axis captures the dynamic between its agrarian origins

(the cruck frame house) and its industrial wealth (the porcelain collection above the house).

Ivory Towers & Smoke Stacks came to be when we projected these geopolitical narratives beyond the enclosure of the museum. It could be simultaneously understood at the scale of a sculpture [C1] and the scale of the city [C3].

The Cruck Frame House

Abstraction Hand Sketch on Drawi ISO A3 297 x 420 m

1

2

3

4 6

5

7

3 The Smoke Stack takes the p screens around the first floo through which the parts and

4 The Ivory Tower is a dual ab museum and the university’

5 The glass plane is an abstrac vertical elements, juxtapose

6,7 The joint is a tectonic abtrac

e and the Museum

ing Block

mm

place of of the museum; openings and or gallery are reinterpreted as fragements d whole of the sculpture is viewed.

bstraction of the porcelain chamber in the ’s Old College dome.

ction of Chambers Street bridges the two ed in scale by in I-joist that supports it.

ction of Scotland's industrial heritage.

47

Paper model iteration of the Workshop and the Office Tower.

3

2

A

ANNEXES & ARTIFACTS with Dashini A. Suras Varan 4

Site Plan Dublin St Lane S

INDUSTRY, PRODUCTION & SPECULATION

2 3

1

1 Workshop 2 Exhibition Centre 3 Architectural practice office

6

1

5 8

12 9

7

9

10

5

9

5 11

A

Annexes & Artifacts reinterprets the tectonic and narratological axes of Ivory Towers & Smoke Stacks onto a different part of Edinburgh city. We proposed along Dublin Stree Lane a triptych of programmes: a workshop, an office and an architectural exhbition centre.

This proposal subverts the architectural opacity of the National Museum of Scotland to present a domestic-scale cluster of cultural buildings. They actively participate in the urban activities and the architecture of the city, whilst curating and recording its urban fabric.

The Workshop & Overlaid Iteration Section A-A 1 Desk 2 Power tools 3 Display plinth 4 Alcove 5 Galllery 6 3D printer

View into the workstation of the Workshop.

The cruck frame house, adapted into the architecture of the Workshop.

6

5

4 3

the Exhibition Centre: ns

2 1

48

AD3

ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN : EXPLORATIONS

Y3 S1

4 2 3 1

The Alcove Upper floor plan 1 Bridge 2 Seating 3 Work desk 4 Balcony seat

6

5

12

1

8

9

7 9

3

10 9

5

5 4

11

The Exhibition Centre

The Workshop

Upper floor plan 1 Turnpike staircase 2 Bridge 3 Chambers statue 4 Collections

Upper floor plan 5 Display plinths 6 Arch 7 Alcove 8 Gallery 9 3D printers 10 Bridge 11 Balcony 12 Ventilation shaft

m

0

Elevation of Workshop and Office: Overlaid Iterations

5

10

15

49

AD2a Y2 S2

ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN : IN PLACE

LIBRARY IN TRASTEVERE PIAZZA DI SAN COSIMATO, ROME

SCULPTING IDEAS The project begin with studies of the relationship between man and knowledge, the fundamental elements that make a library.

The research models established the project’s thesis. Specifically, they call for a library to actualize the true value of knowledge - its universal accessibility unbounded by space and time. Their allegorical nature mirrors the work of Marcel Duchamp and Naum Gabo, of which meaning is created through (implied) kinetics and by association to its materials.

The library becomes one that digitizes information to be equally accessible by its users. It becomes one of many nodes in its network of human interactions - a social condenser - and an archive for the memory of its community.

RESEARCH MODEL 1 MAN & KNOWLEDGE The circular deck is the gathering place of society, an open ground floor for meetings, exhibitions and performances. The collective weight of the users moves the armature of the model to slide the server forward. This is to change the view that books, an analogue technology, is at the mercy of the digital; society itself determines the technology to be used to record, preserve and disseminate information.

RESEARCH MOD THE CONSTRUCT

1

3

2

1 Server

4

2 Deck

3 Armature

4 Frame

Model II represents the sourcing, storing and len knowledge. The path of (starting from the poste intersects with the path user (from the anterior server is linked to the d a paternoster. Model I is composition, whereas M interior space. Closed w privacy of the reading s light comes through the

DEL 2 TIVE IDEA

process of nding information/ travel of data erior antennae) h of travel of the landing). The esk below it by s an extroverted Model II explores walls accentuate the pace, whilst natural e clerestory.

1 2 5 3

4

1

RESEARCH MODEL 3-4 A HEIGHTENED REALITY Model III is based on Louis Kahn’s binary organization of “where the book is” and “where the book is taken to” in the Exeter University Library. Modular units on the ring can be combined to accommodate groups, but also function on their own for the user’s need for privacy and contemplation. The model respects the user as an individual, but also recognizes he/she as a member of his/her society.The spine of Model III grows into a 1.5m tall column to hold the ring track at eye level. The change in scale anticipates the volume of the library contents that needs to be considered later on. The exaggerated distance of the retrieval of information accentuates the library’s mechanical workings.

2

1 Desk

2 Ring track 3 Stabilizer

1 Extractors 4 Entrance

2 Server 3 Reading space 5 Paternoster

4 Antenna

4

3

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AD2a

ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN : IN PLACE

Y2 S2

A COUCH IN AN URBAN ROOM PIAZZA DI SAN COSIMATO The piazza is a testament Roman urbanity - that they embrace physical and emotional intimacy in public space, even between strangers.

The market opened in the beginning of 1900; many of the vendors now are third-generation members. It sees constant activity despite the decreasing population of Trastevere. The annual Trastevere Film Festival is 60 nights of open-air screening of a variety of themes and genre. The allure of the event is evident by looking at the spacious grounds of the piazza.

There is an intimacy that exists within a greater scale. The project considers not only the space available, but also the different generations of people using that space at all times of the day and of the year.

The cornices of the apartments surround piazza do more than shed rain off the w they suggest an upper limit, thus giving s the piazza, making it more room-like, th condensing its character and identity.

Pedestrians sweep around the library as funneled through the space between the and the island – like moving around a co a room. Every change in angle with ever guides them to engage with whole volum the piazza.

It is as if the library generates its own gravitational field, guiding the passersby around it.

L0 Plan 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

5

3

4

Tiered seats / theatre Stage and Screen Entrance Vehicle dock / accession Mercato di San Cosimato Green island / playground Chiesa di San Cosimato Via Roma Libera

2 1

0

20m

6

7

8

ding the walls: scale to herefore

s they are e rake ouch in ry step me of

y to orbit

Above: sketches and models considering the arrival experience to the piazza, the library and the ampitheatre.

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AD2a

ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN : IN PLACE

Y2 S2

Patrons of the market can rest and mingle on the ampitheatre.

A visualization of the Ottomassimo children’s library members in the library; they occupy a shop next to a piazza and used to set up a book exchange shelf at the piazza’s playground.

Having fun with the interactive table in the Pod | Revolving armature retrieving a book to be digitized.

The library-amphitheatre is sensitively integrated to the piazza’s urban life.

From above : 1 The library becomes one of many nodes on the piazza that gather the community of Trastevere.

2 The sunlit atrium, designed around the central spine that holds both knowledge and community.

3 The library digitizes books that are delivered from other libraries and temporarily housed/displayed on its central spine.

1

L-1 Plan 2

8

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

7 3

4

5

6

Circulation / gangway Information point Books Desk Tiers Pods Cafe Toilets

LIBRARY-AS-PIAZZA The library expresses in its geometry its identity and the identity of its context, Piazza de San Cosimato. It borrows from the research models and the Roman ampitheatre the circle - a symbolic and functional form for the assembly of equals - and the diagonal - a sectional profile of the ampitheatre - to serve the annual Trastevere film festival and the century-old market on the piazza.

1

2

8

4

4

L-2 Plan

3

The main body of the library is subterranean to preserve the centuries-old activities on the piazza. The community enters the library from the auxliary circulation shaft. The books come into view, tier by tier, as the visitor descends.

Radial rifts bring light down to the lower level and subdivide it into a space for socializing/ exhibition, another for digital media pods, and another for the reformatting zone.

5

7

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

Circulation / Gangway Information point Books Social / exhibition Reformatting / editing Media pods Concourse Toilets

6

2

The ground-level tiered seating lends a relatable scale to the piazza - like a couch in a room. At its core, the library periodically houses printed books from other libraries until they are digitized, hence making its contents universally accessible. The reformatting zone also processes personal printed or written materials from the community, eg photographs and journals that they wish to be free from physical degradation.

L-3 Plan 1 Circulation / Gangway 2 Digitizing 3 Armature

1 3

10m

0

2 3 1 4

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Section 8 6

9

11

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10

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11

Tiered seats / theatre Stage and Screen Short throw projector Accession and conveyor Books Desk Tiers Pods Cafe Reformatting / Editing Digitizing

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AD2a Y2 S1

ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN : ANY PLACE

FORM, SPACE & ORDER

RESEARCH MODELS: WK 3 MAKING WITH DOUBT The first part of Architectural Design: In Place is structured to improve my command over the tectonic vocabulary that makes up a building.

In addation, these models consists of thematic explorations: form and space; organization; circulation; and proportion and scale. They serve as points of departure for the design of an architectural school in the second half of this course.

The exercise for Week 3 is to start treating model making as an investigative method, rather than a concluding stage to show decisions made in drawing. Over the course of the week, the idea for each successive model is generated from the creation of its previous one. This attitude towards crafting acquires a value, by starting with a singular idea, that grows in resilience as it is tested, realized, and reiterated.

RESEARCH MODELS : WK 4 BUILD Whilst carrying forward the principles formed up till week 3, there is an increase in complexity of crafting. Whereas the work of week 3 dealt with spacial judgement, more attention is given to detailing, junctions, material properties, and the construction of the model.

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AD2a Y2 S1

ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN : ANY PLACE

SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE with Sebastian Coupe, Sarah Alcock, Pamela Fung, Cheily Cheung, & Frank Luo

The multitude of concepts investigated and demonstrated over the course of the first four weeks, embodied in each of their models, could have been lost or corrupted if not carefully preserved as we move on to formulate new ones. We took on the role of sculptors rather than drafters. Model making is treated as an investigative method, instead of a conclusion or proof to decisions made in drawing. Each of us aim to communicate a continuous, critical inquiry of the quality of space and materials inherent in this building.

We began the project with a statement for the school - to be a place capable of accommodating the activities of the public community, and informing them of the learning and teaching operations happening within. The planning of the building fosters communal activities and social interaction between the public and the members of the school, whilst maintaining a public-toprivate gradation of accessibility to its internal facilities.

HYBRID IDEAS HYBRID A Daryl & Seb Seb’s representative layering of public-to-private spaces filled in for my underdeveloped studio area.

The transparency of the outermost layer, meant for studios and galleries, informs the public of the activities of learning and production in the school.

The translucent layer represents tutorial rooms and offices, spaces that require a higher level of privacy. The core would then house the structure and service spaces of the school.

The concept of the landscape-terrace is maintained, with paper meant to emphasize its fluid form.

Development sketch considering sunlight, topography and shelter.

HYBRID B Cheily & Frank

HYBRID C Sarah & Pamela

Cheily and Frank took on the modularity of their work from previous weeks. The sketch represents configurations of rooms, walkways and steps that creates a highly experential sequence of movment through them.

Cheily and Frank took on the modularity of their work from previous weeks. The sketch represents configurations of rooms, walkways and steps that creates a highly experential sequence of movment through them.

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AD2a

Development of the ground level modules; Its integration into the full scheme.

ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN : ANY PLACE

Y2 S1

THE SCHOOL GROUND : THE VILLAGE The tight spaces of the ground, with the units and circulation paths within close proximity to one another, gradually opens up for ‘room to breathe’. The loosened spatial boundary increases the permeability of the ground, as a place of gathering, passing, and social exchange.

Level 0 - Castle Terrace

Public realm 1 Entrances to Princes St 2 Public gallery

School facilities 3 Seminar room 4 Discussion room 5 Meeting room

6 Workshop terrace 7 Study space 8 To studios 9 Lift core

Public realm 10 Library 11 Cherry & Orchid garden

12 Public exhibition platforms 13 Terrace 14 Parking garage underpass 15 Farmer’s market

Above : Tectonic development of the canopy; Below : Its integration into the full scheme.

Above : Tectonic development of the studio tower; Below : Its integration into the full scheme.

CANOPY : THE KILT

STUDIOS : THE TOWER

The models recorded our thought process of creating a superstructure, then reinforcements, then panelling. The models, made with intuitive reasoning, are antetheses of an engineered solution, thereby embody the ethos of making and production of our school of architecture. The luminance, intensity, temperature, and the effect it creates onto which the surface it is cast, are all part of the poetic language of light, and the spatial and temporal diversity it creates within an architectural space.

The studio space was envisaged to be bathed in two types of daylight: cool, diffused daylight from the north, ideal for workspaces; and warm, screened direct daylight from the south, that lets the occupant track the changes of a day.

With this in mind, the Tower acquires a long, narrow footprint, but still mindful of its boundaries in relation to the Castle. The southwest facade openings were angled approximately 30 degrees from south to maximise the duality in quality of light on the inside.

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AD2a

ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN : ANY PLACE

Y2 S1

Politics

Industry

Religion Archive Economy The School Society

State

IN PLACE To the east of the school stands the castle, the institution of the state; further east, the church of St Giles, the insitution of religion; To its north, the New Town, a legacy of the city submitting to the Hanoverian crown; To its west, the Caledonian Hotel, a statement of economic power; Immediate to the site, the cemetery, an archive of the living city - penetrated by the railway line, a symbol of its industrial prowess;

The school stands in the heart of this network of institutions governing the foundation and growth of Edinburgh. Our past projects were usually strategically placed to receive connections from the city; these observations led us to forge new links to the city. A more profound understanding of Ediburgh's urban fabric reinforces our aim to make a school of architecture that can be open to all.

And lastly, the weekly farmers’ market, a hub of the urban communality.

Above: Section throught the school.

Right : Analysis of the ontological forces of Edinburgh.

56

TE2a Y2 S1

BUILDING ENVIRONMENT

Above: Climatic graph of Edinburgh.

Below: Thermal comfort graph. The key concerns to respond to Edinburgh's climate correspond to the thermal comfort zone circled in red.

Above: location of the pavilion in black marquee, overlaid by windpath and sunpath studies.

BUILDING ENVIRONMENT: DESIGN GEORGE SQUARE PAVILION

Summer Sunset 10pm

Summer Sunrise 4:30am

Wind Buffer Zone

Summer Noon 150 bearing

OLD TOWN, EDINBURGH

Winter Sunset 3:40pm

Winter Noon 175 bearing Azimuth 10ยบ

with Sarah Alcock, Pamela Feng

The small-scale building is a hypothetical pilot project by the University for sustainable design; the building should be low-energy and environmentally responsive.

Phase 1 of the project involves a microclimate analysis of the iste, developing a building siting strategy, and determine building orientation and layout to facilitate passive heating and cooling. Phase 2 involves an evaluation of building performance with regards to lighting, acoustics, thermal control and natural ventilation.

9am

*

12pm

5pm

*

CLIMATE ANALYSIS Edinburgh has a mild climate, with no dry season, warm summers and mild winters - with very rare extreme weather conditions. The area is subject to mild precipitation all year round (although mich less than most other Scottish cities) with an average annual rainfall of 668mm and prevailing winds from the south west most of the year.

Based on the thermal comfort map, passive and active solar gain and internal heat retention are the main concerns in sustainable building design. As a university building, its priority is providing a comfortable interior environment in winter more than of summer, which is out of the academic calendar. We aim to achieve this with our building by situating it in the North West corner of the gardens where the surrounding buildings givce maximum southerly light as the shadows from the buildings to the south of the square are reduced.

SITING & ORIENTATION

Prevailing wind from the southwest at 21knts flows into George Sq Gardens fr corner that links to the Meadows. The buildings, particularly the Hugh Robso the west Georgian houses create a win northwest quadrant of the gardens. Th oriented at 150 bearing to maximise da winter daytime. The orientation of the the entrance from southwest winter w the terrace from northwest summer w

Shadow cast studies of the pavilion oriented at 150 bea

m

Winter Sunrise 8:45am

Spring

BUILDING DESIGN Summer

Autumn

Winter

The south elevation is largley glazed to also maximise passive solar gain, whilst the north glazing brings consistent natural light to the computer bays. The pitched roof also directs rainwater to the central gutter, which leads to a collection tank in the service space, to be used for flushing and dishwashing.

The steel framework contains a ‘spine’ that houses the service functions: cafe, toilet, and mechanical room.

Computer Bays

Meeting Room Toilet

Workspace/ Reception

Service Entrance

Cafe

Terrace N

t an average of rom its southwest surrounding on Building and nd buffer on the he building is aylight exposure in e building protects wind, also protecting wind.

aring.

Top to bottom : exterior visualization of the pavilion; section; plan. NTS.

57

TE2a

BUILDING ENVIRONMENT

Y2 S1

MICRO-RENEWABLE STRATEGIES Edinburgh has a mild climate, with no dry season, warm summers and mild winters - with very rare extreme weather conditions. The area is subject to mild precipitation all year round (although mich less than most other Scottish cities) with an average annual rainfall of 668mm and prevailing winds from the south west most of the year.

Based on the thermal comfort map, passive and active solar gain and internal heat retention are the main concerns in sustainable building design. As a university building, its priority is providing a comfortable interior environment in winter more than of summer, which is out of the academic calendar. We aim to achieve this with our building by situating it in the North West corner of the gardens where the surrounding buildings givce maximum southerly light as the shadows from the buildings to the south of the square are reduced.

Ventilation

Sun

Temperature

At the height of the summer (June 21st) The sun rises to a maximum angle of 53 degrees flooding the southern side of the pavilliion with natural light through the large amounts of glazing.

Average temperatures reach a comfortable 17 degrees, with highs of 19 and so cooling is not so much of an issue, especially as the surrouding trees lessen the solar gain.

Fresh air will enter the pavillion through doors and windows on the sides. This air will then warm up with the solar gain and warmth from the people inside the pavillion. It will then rise and leave the building through the clerestory windows. This allows for constant movement of air and ventialtion through the ubilding to stop overheating and stuffiness in the summer months. The use of large doors onto the cafe terrace will also help with this.

ENVIRONMENTAL SECTION : SUMMER & WINTER

Ventilation In the middle of winter (December 21st) The sun rises to a maximum angle of 11 degrees at midday. This low angle limits the amount of dalight that would enter the pavillion during the morning and afternoon and so the eaves fo the cafe roof are angle at 11 degrees to make the most of the midday sun - allowing for maximum solar gain that will then retain heat in the cafe area throughout the rest of the day.

This also reduces shadowing.

CAFE

Computers

Sun

Temperature

As with the summer section, fresh air will ventilate through the clerestory windows at the top of the buildings to avoid air inside becoming stale and stagnant, but during winter times, less air will be entering through the windows and doors.

Average temperatures during deep winter months are around 5-8 degrees and so keeping the building warm and insulated is a priority to keep inhabitants comfortable and healthy.

CAFE

Computers

Wind Prevailing wind has an average speed of 9knts coming from the north east.

There is less glazing in the computer area of the pavillion, reducing the amount of solar gain. In this area there will be added heat from the working computers and so this avoids over heating. The central clerestory window over the service space does however allow for natural lighting.

While the Cafe area benefits from solar gain a little during winter months, the computer area benefits from the large amounts of insulation in the walls instead. This reduces the amount of heat lost out of the buildings and so helps to maintain a constant temperature while in use.

58

TE2a

BUILDING ENVIRONMENT

Y2 S1

Vapour Control Layer

Wall Cavity Sheathing Board

Rigid Insulation

V/m

Cafe

11

Computer Bays

17

Meeting Space

48

Breather Membrane

Rough Timber Cladding

Plasterboard

Parameters

Soft Insulation

THERMAL COMFORT The wall makeup for our building comprises two layers on insulation, one rigid and one soft in order to reduce hear loss through the walls. The combined U-value for the wall, taking into account the steel structure, is 0.15 W/mK. This is lower than the recommended value of 0.18 for non-domestic dwellings in Scotland.

The roof element has a similar make up to the walls, with a steel frame, reflected in the steel cladding on top, and two layers of cladding. This creates a U-value of 0.29 W/mK, much lower than ours. However, with our use of ground source heat pumps, we believe that our building can still be sustainable because the heat source is renewable. This means there is still very little CO2 emmissions by the building, helping to make it sustainable.

m3

15.201175

72.934651

8.6475628

Performance standards for reverberation in teaching and study spaces - mid-frequency reverbration time, Tmf, in finished but unoccupied and unfurnished rooms, in Part E of Schedule 1 to the Building Regulations 2000 (as amended by SI 2002/28671)

Material

a (125Hz)

S/m2

A/m2

Plasterboard

0.2

30.59

6.118

Glass

0.1

47.04

4.704

Air (opening)

0

16.36

0

Steel

0.35

4.4

1.54

Timber

0.15

41.13046875

6.169570313

Plasterboard

0.2

74.078901

14.8157802

Glass

0.1

55.0563

5.50563

Air (opening)

0

10.2

0

Timber

0.15

10.56

1.584

Steel

0.35

24.74471875

8.660651563

Carpet

0.25

59.1425

14.785625

Plasterboard

0.2

42.14514

8.429028

Glass

0.1

13.2327225

1.32327225

Steel

0.35

5.1697725

1.809420375

Carpet

0.25

16.38

4.095

RT60/s 12.362

1.5003

45.35168676

0.6139

15.65672063

0.5002

ACOUSTICS Minimum reverberation is preferred both in quiet spaces and spaces with high levels of verbal interaction, as echoes unecessarily prolong a conveyed message, thushindering communication.

Reverberation is the time interval required for the level of a steady sound or signal to drop by 60dB (decibels) after the sound or signal has been switched off. Its factors include:

The frequency of the sound; The volume of the room or space; The rate of sound absorption of the sum of the suraces and elements in a room or space, given as absorption coefficients.

These factors is expressed mathematically in Sabine’s Formula: RT60 = 0.161 × V/A = 0.161 x V/ Σ(α x S) where, RT60 = reverb time in seconds V = volume of space in m3 A = equivalent absorptiona surface area in m2 a = absorption coefficient S = area of absorbing surface in m2

EVALUATION The reverberation times of the three spaces is evaluated in accordance to the room types similar to their respective functions in the table to the right.

The computer bays and meeting room achieve good results, but the cafe exceeds the standard set in the table by 0.5s. This may be due to the large opening to its north leading into the computer bays. Installing glass doors at the circulation zones may help reduce the reverberation time, while maintaining visual links and natural lighting.

Further improvements can be made to the spaces to reduce their reverberation times, such as installing acoustic tiles on the ceiling. By working backwards through Sabine’s Formula, RT60 can be reduced by increasing the value of A, hence requiring materials with higher values of a. One of the suitable materials is the 25mm polyurethane foam on solid backing, with an absorption coefficient of 0.1 at125Hz.

59

TE2a

Above: Large glazing admits natural daylight to the cafe.

Middle: The meeting room is lit by clerestories and recessed downlights.

Below: Northfacing glazing brings diffused light to the computer bays.

BUILDING ENVIRONMENT

Y2 S1

NATURAL LIGHTING: QUALITATIVE STRATEGY

NATURAL LIGHTING: QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS

The building is sited at the northwest quadrant of the garden. Its single-storey height ensures that the Hugh Robson building behind it still admits sufficient daylight.

The daylighting factor simulation shown below is done through the IES Virtual Environment software. The results largely align with our initial qualitative daylighting strategies for the building. The daylight factor in the cafe, which operates only in daytime, generally exceeds 5%, thus allows minimal artificial lighting. The computer bays also have an average daylight factor above 5%; this space will require a more careful consideration of artificial lighting for nighttime use.

The cafe faces south for illumination while achieving reduced glare and thermal gain, as the eaves prevent the high summer sunlight from directly entering the interior, whilst the clerestory invites lowerintensity sunlight for a short period in winter.

Skylights above the computer bays admits diffused daylight, whereas the north glazing provides consistent illumination for optimal comfort of the users of the computer bays.

The meeting room is framed by opaque walls on 3 sides up to clerestory level for acoustic comfort, but in turn would require daytime electric lighting for comfortable use. The clerestory daylight still provides suitable warmth and brightness.

Above: Exterior wall washers illuminate the pavilion at night.

Below: Downlights and tasklights illuminate concentrated areas.

ARTIFICIAL LIGHTING: QUANTITATIVE STRATEGY The table shows a series of rule-ofthumb calculations that provides a guide to the approximate quantity of luminaires required to achieve an average maintained illuminance level for the different types of spaces in the building.

ARTIFICIAL LIGHTING: QUALITATIVE STRATEGY Daytime The lightshelf doubles as a base for intalling luminaires. Spotlights give a ‘focus glow’ onto the coffee tables, creating intimate microenvironments for individual users of the space, whereas downlights illuminate the overall space.

Spotlight

Downlight

Night Spotlights act as wayfinders by illuminating the entrance and reception. The ceiling lights provide cool-white lighting onto the computer bays. Dimmable tasklights allow the users to adjust the amount of lighting to their personal preference.

Tasklight Spotlight

60

AD1b Y1 S2

ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN : ASSEMBLY

MATERIAL WORLD SMALL PROJECTS

The parti, oneness, i the movement towa around the boathous concrete entry path the ground as it lead but dramatically cha concourse floating a table and hence the turn at the junction

ONENESS

A

CONCRETE BOATHOUSE The remarkable adaptability of concrete, or ‘liquid stone’, grants iteslf sculptural and structural potential.

Concrete’s ability to take any shape and to be enhanced by the surfaces of its moulding forms, and its sturctural promise, were foundational to the formulation of the design of the boathouse. Taking advantage of the material’s tactile expressivness, the boathouse evokes a primitive purity, both by its geometries and its smooth texture.

The boathouse’s design explores the integration of building with its surrounding landscape. Its foundation follows as closely as possible the original topography of the site, allowing it to appear to emerge from the ground. This concept of being at one with nature will be reiterated in subsequent projects, culminating in the design for Project 2.

The boathouse also continues the exercise of contrast in architectural elements from the previous Elements course. While the club room is anchored in the ground on one end and cantlievers delicately over the surface of the loch. the slipway of the boat store extends into the water, dissolving the boundary between architectural mass and the landscape.

As the boathouse sits before the loch to the north and a mountain peak to the northeast, both elements of the building are anchored in the southern retaining walls and project northward.

Simple shapes inform the programme of the boathouse: a long rectangular boat store takes cue from the slender shape of the kayaks; a curved slipway as an abstraction of the shoreline; and a circular pavilion to rest and socialize in.

3 4

5

6

Floor Plan 1 2 3 4 5 6

Pathway Concourse Slipway Main Slidin Secondary Racks + Spraysheet

0

2

4

is experienced in ards and in-andse. The paved gently cuts into ds to the building, anges into a above the water shore. A left lets the rowers

visually assess the loch as a mental preparation before bringing out the kayaks. A right turn leads instead to the pavilion, where the rowers continue to indulge in views of the loch and the mountain after their training.

The pavilion, featuring a conversation pit, is inspired by Herzog and de Muron’s 2012 Serpentine Gallery installation, but floats delicately above the water, as influenced by Tadao Ando’s Himeji Museum.

facade. The lighting detail draws inspiration from Ando’s Benesee Hotel. The water table brings from the visual expression of the pavilion to the back of the building, where reflected light casts caustics on the interior walls.

The boat store features a oversized sliding door that blends in with its

B

9

10 2

11 B

Section A-A

6

8

7 A

ng Door Door

7 Toilets 8 Reflective Pool 9 Seats + Integrated Storage 10 Washbasin 11 Light Shelf

Hangers Section B-B 10m

0

1

2

5m 61

AD1b

ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN : ASSEMBLY

Left: Section A-A

Y1 S2

B

6

1

7

4

2 3 6

7

PERMEABILITY

5

BRICK CHANGING ROOMS “Architecture starts when you put two bricks together. There it begins.”

Mies van der Rohe’s words succinctly allude to the raw, elemental quality of masonry that have made it one of architecture’s most loved building materials. Despite its ancient origins and humble medium, the varied texture, colour and shape of brick allows explorations of new applications that harness its versatility.

B

The sports changing facility aims to maximise natural illumination and ventilation, while maintaining the privacy of the people undergoing the rituals of changing and washing. This is achieved by the combination of the homogenity of solid blockwork and the permeable nature of the perforated facades. The walls function to divide and enclose space, yet at the same time dissolve the boundary between inside and outisde - a concept explored in the previous project.

While the architectural mass of the boathouse extends out to merge with the landscape, the changing facility draws in a part of the parkland between the two wings like an embrace.

Besides bringing sunlight to the corridors and cubicles, the courtyard mediates movement from the park into the building and then out to the park again, thus enhancing the theme of permeability.

Instead of su macrostructu to amplify th which the cu units linked b of buffer zon space and co of protection importantly i visual and tac brickwork fac

8

5

A

1

4

A

ubdiving spaces within a ure, the design attempts he modularity of brick, in ubicles act as autonomous by the corridors. The use nes between the shower orridors increases the sense n by the walls, but more increases the occupants’ ctile experience of the cing them on all sides.

Floor Plan 1 Entrance 2 Courtyard 3 Drinking Fountain 4 Changing Room 5 Shower/Changing Cubicles 6 Toilets 7 Accessible Toilet 8 Path to Parkland

The perforated brick facade draws inspiration from Estudio BoticelliCornell’s Experimental Brick Pavilion.

Although the buidling accommodates the private rituals of changing and washing, the permeable facade still enourages visual communication from the inside to the courtyard. This semi-transparent relationship between interior and exterior, whether through movement or through views, will be reiterated in the subsequent projects.

Section B-B 0

1

2

5m 62

AD1b

ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN : ASSEMBLY

Y1 S2

PROSPECT

TIMBER + STEEL TEA HOUSE As buildings become increasingly dependent on and designed for technology, the human need to connect with nature remains. People feel an instinctive affinity to natural materials, thus the warm attributes of wood is just as important as its beauty, abundance and practicality.

The teahouse sta a glen. This them nature led the de unorthodoxically head statues. Th the teahouse is l Powerscout Wate

In so doing, the t Wrightian entran come in low and the building; asc experiencing the timber louvres a exterior; and arr where the surrou view.

This project aims to include the structural armature of a building in its architectural statement. Although timber is a perfect candidate to meet the demand, steel is incorporated to once again introduce a contrast between structure and skin. The aestheticisation of the steel framework celebrates honest construction, whilst the timber cladding in and around the teahouse celebrates the human activities of gathering, sharing and contemplating.

0 Cut-away elevation

1

2

Section A-A

5m

Skin & Bones The diagonal braces in the tall, slender steel superstructure direct load down to the deep pile foundation, giving an impression of weightlessness.

ands before a waterfall in me of ‘looking out’ onto esign to draw inspiration, y, from the Easter Island he focal point from largely based on the erfall in Ireland.

teahouse deploys a nce sequence: the guests d are ‘scooped’ up into cending the stairs whilst e steel framework, the nd glimpses of the iving at the teahouse floor undins come in to full

5 6

1

12 7 11

9

10

4 3 8 2

Lowel floor plan

Principal floor plan 1 2 3 4 5 6

Terrace Cloak Hangers Blackboard Menu Cake Display Cashier Sitting Area

10 Gangway 11 Washbasin 12 Toilet

7 Storage 8 To Roof Terrace 9 Recessed Glass Cover over stairs

0

1

2

5m 63

AD1b Y1 S2

ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN : ASSEMBLY

SANCTUARY STONE STEAM ROOM

Historically, stone has always expressed its weight, thickness and consequent stability. Amongst other natural materials that have recently regained popularity, stone is particularly appealing as it provides an elemental sense of shelter and security, aside from representing permanence.

As the steam room accommodates rituals of wellness, the project turns to focus on internal space, just as how the guests would exercise self-reflection while washing and resting. The programme of the building incorporates a variety of size, texture and assembly of stone. The reverie of natural materials and, in particular, the elemental engagement of stone, light and water, drives the creation of different atmospheres in each pocket of space.

Section 0

1

2

5m

Floor Plan

We are inevitably still intimately bound to our material environment and deeply affected by it. Through this project I developed the compelling versatility of stone in its reaction with light, that befits the complexity of the programme. No matter how far stone is pushed towards the immaterial, it retains its character of belonging to the earth, which contributes to the power of the material to speak of the grounding of a structure.

1 2 3 4 5 6 7

2

Passageway from Hotel Lobby Waterfall Showers Anteroom Steam Room Therapy Room Lounge

0 1

3

4

5

7

6

5m

1

Direlton Castle was a precedent for the more primitve qualities of medieval masonry.

The irregularity found throughout the assembly of the stone bricks becomes the main influence for the configuration of the steam room.

The design of the building again departs from the subdivision of a macrostructure. The ‘infinite loop’ found in the Mobius House by UN Studio is used to link the pockets of space.

The steam room of the building takes cue from the doocot of Direlton Castle. But the roof of the building as a whole is inspired more by the expansive base of the castle than by its extant ruins. A granite bedrock, achored by steel studs, is proposed as the roof. Guests moving through or resting within the building would experience a primitive, cave-like sense of shelter, as that of the Radhuset Station in Stockholm.

The shifts in volume as the guest circulate within the building is inspired by Wright’s Robie House.

Walkways are compressed to stimulate movement; relaxation spaces are airy and illuminated; and private, intimate rooms have low ceilings.

64

AD1b Y1 S2

ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN : ASSEMBLY

HOUSE FOR A VIOLIN MAKER

6 1

9

3

5

2

8 4

11

10 7

21 16

14

15

18

13

17 18

19 20

12

Lower Floor 1 Courtyard 2 Patio 3 Master Bedroom 4 Bedroom 5 Laundry 6 Utilities 7 Prep Room 8 Workspace 9 Reception+Product Display 10 Storage 11 Music Room Upper floor 12 House Entrance 13 Foyer 14 Sitting Room+Gallery 15 Accessible Toilet 16 Family Room 17 Kitchen+Dining 18 Patio 19 Fireplace+Seat 20 Lawn 21 Atelier Entrance 22 Platform Lift

Lower Floor 1 Courtyard 2 Patio 3 Master Bedroom 4 Bedroom 5 Laundr 6 Utilities 7 Prep Room 8 Workspace 9 Reception+Product Di 10 Storage 11 Music Room

ry isplay

Steel

In-situ Concrete

Cement Board

Walnut

Oak

IPE

Plaster

Glass

Frosted Glass

Fibreglass

DESIGNING FOR DAYLIGHT This project is an exercise to balance the activities of living with that of working.

The project consolidates serveral concepts: the fluid connection between indoors and outdoors; the structuring of vistas; the relationship between stucture and skin; and the reaction of building to light.

The violin maker has surveillance over the shop entrance, hence the workshop directly behind the reception and separated by a glass partition. The music room and storage flank the key connecting spaces - the courtyard, the reception, and the workshop. A soundproof wall and a prep room act as the threshold between house and shop. As the rituals of purchasing and manufacturing violins require high levels of focus by the customer and the maker, the ground-level windows adequately provide north daylight whilst minimizing distraction.

The site is 1.2m below street level, whereas the retaining wall rises 1.2m above the street.

Victorian houses look onto the site, whereas the south apartment blocks block direct sunlight. The design for the house will come to balance its connection to both the street and the park, and a sufficient degree of privacy for its residents.

The house therefore is more closed off from the south (against the apartments) and west (Victorian townhouses), and visually opens out to the north (Pilrig Park).

65

AD1a Y1 S1

ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN : ELEMENTS

WRITER'S RETREAT CRAMOND, EDINBURGH This project concerns a small shelter (an overall internal area of ~25 m2) for a writer to make short periods of stay. The retreat provides areas for the basic activities of eating, writing, sitting, sleeping, ertc.

The main living/writing space is a delicate exercise in considering daylight, views, orientation, etc., to achieve the spatial qualities suitable for long hours of creative work.

Above right : site plan of the retreat.

Above : The location of the building, highlighted in red.

The cabin nestles into the slope west of the river to receive daylight. The writer enters the cabin from above and behind through steps that appear to be carved out of the ground. Along the foyer, the woods that drop out of sight at the start of the entry sequence reappear from the reading nook window. The east wall guides the writer on a right turn to the desk; its ribbon window grants privacy from people frequenting the east bank lane. In front is a full-height pivoting steel and glass door facing the upstream waterfall, and opens to a terrace.

Another right turn takes him down to the bedroom, tucked away in the earth; a skylight illuminates the deep walls around the bed.

Upper floor plan 1 Foyer 2 Coat hanger 3 Reading nook 4 Library 5 Desk 6 Deck

Lower floor plan 7 Bedroom

0

1

2

5m

Far Left : Section A-A Left :Section B-B

66

AD1a

ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN : ELEMENTS

Y1 S1

A series of model closeups narrating the arrival sequence.

First left: The closing off of views as the writer descends into the cabin/landscape.

Second: The tall window of the reading nook brings back views of the river as they pass the foyer. Turning right, the narrow band windows lend privacy with panoramic views at sitting height.

Third: the fully glazed door again stages a vista, this time towards the waterfall. A right turn takes the writer down to the sleeping nook.

Fourth: Or, they can walk out to the cantilevered deck to be back in the outdoors.

The final configuration is the amalgamation of two prototypes.

Scheme A (above) puts the sleeping loft at the start of the arrival sequence, creating the effect of an airy interior alcove like MLTW's Sea Ranch houses. The various functions pinwheel around a central library core.

Scheme B (below) had a longer exterior entrance route meant to bring the writer round front then facing the waterfall before entering the cabin. The sleeping area is tucked under the cabin to test a intimate, dark atmosphere.

The final design takes the pinwheel configuration of scheme A and the vertical arrangement of scheme B. Remnants of the wraparound deck of scheme B can be detected from the cantlievered deck of the final design.

67

DESIGNS

HUNTER BUILDING SCAFFOLD BANNER DESIGN COMPETITION : 1ST RUNNER-UP EDINBRUGH COLLEGE OF ART ECA owes its world-leading artistic lineage not only to its alumni and their work, but also to its built environment, which has long provided a place for experimentation and collaboration. By protecting and iterating its built history, the ongoing estate works connects members of the college to its past whilst increasing its capacity for modern utility.

The proposal does not stray far from the “past and future� theme integral to the refurbishment work.

The allegorical figure thus represents the growing body of disciplines of the college, from past to present.

DSGN 20 17

DESIGN

Linear timeline demonstrates the design’s time and colour theory strategies.

WELFARE FACILITY DESIGN COMPETITION

BY SIR ROBERT MCALPINE & SCOTT WHITBY STUDIO BATTERSEA POWER STATION, PHASE 3 I was selected as a finalist for the design of the construction site welfare facility. The central spatiotemporal strategy of my proposal is the balance between rest and work. The facility is therefore designed to have alternating zones of the two. Bright finishes accentuate the work areas, and darker tones are dedicated to lounges and other rest areas.

The furniture designs recycles vehicle parts. The underlying strategy was to take advantage of car seats that will be far more comfortable than plywood furniture.

The preliminary-stage presentation visualizes in a linear timeline format how the colour strategy is integrated to the daily routine of the construction workers. The physical presentation model also captures the colour and time strategy in the form of a clock.

The design was well received, despite not selected as the winning design. Winners received the opportunity to fabricate the designs on site with the help of the construction team. Nonetheless, this project was another valuable lesson in thinking of the social and functional value of a design.

Closeup on storage shelfs and nap pods.

Nap pods for early commuters and workers needing rest

Social table used during meal breaks Lounge chair used during breaks 12pm

9am

3pm

6pm

6am

Mudroom/preproom to store oersonal items and construction gear

Closeup on lounge chairs and social tables.

Workstations with wheeled desks that can be easily rearranged

Workstations with wheeled desks that can be easily rearranged

Closeup on workstations and meeting

69

DSGN 20 17

DESIGN

UNILEVER FUTURE LEADERS' LEAGUE '17 UK - IRELAND FINALS : WINNER with Kamraj Shanmuganathan & Annie Tiong (U.o.Warwick)

I took part in the global student marketing competition between Dec 2016 and Mar 2017.

As contestants, my friends and I were tasked to present a marketing idea on the Lipton brand based on our research on the global tea market anutd trends among millennial consumers.

Out national final's winning campaign theme was the ‘flow state’, a mental state of high productivity and creativity. The nutritional benefits of tea makes it a clear companion to the personalities and activities of the millennial lifestyle. Using social media data, we proposed a more personally tailored purchasing experience. Drawing on my interest in product design, I proposed an allin-one portable tea seat that consists of a a flask that features an integrated waste teabag storage and a pyramidal sachet that maximises flavor release.

70

DSGN 20 17

DESIGN

UNILEVER FUTURE LEADERS' LEAGUE '17 EUROPEAN FINALS : REPRESENTATIVE OF UK - IRELAND with Kamraj Shanmuganathan & Annie Tiong (U.o.Warwick)

After leading in the preliminary stage among 15 teams, we won the national finals and went on to represent United Kingdom and Ireland in the European finals, competing with nine teams of other nationalities. We were tasked to introduce tea as a gifting product; our pitch focused on travel gifting, hence tea flavours and packaging unique to each European country. We designed our sales strategy to involve traditional small-to-medium enterprises to support the local economy, in tandem with utilising e-commerce to generate profit on the part of Lipton as the distributor.

71

DSGN 20 19

DESIGN

VISUAL IDENTITY

EDINBURGH UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE SOCIETY with Shidan Hagos

Upon joining the 2018/19 EUSAS committee as graphics coordinators, Shidan and I were asked to improve the society's visual identity. The start of our intervention were the weekly guest lecture posters. Whilst previous designs were tastefully done and well composed, they became repetitive and more easily overlooked.

Our strategy utilised the viewers' habit of looking/reading from left to right. We positioned key information such as the guest, lecture title and description asymmetrically along a 'forward stroke' axis. As an alternative to a rigid template, this gave a series of flexible but coherent layouts.

Another strategy was to 'structure' a relationship between the author and their work through the poster series. We wanted members of the school to know or recognize the people behind their work, hence to remind them that the lecture series aren't the usual classes to memorize more knowledge but social occassions to meet other friends and professionals.

The new visual identity was warmly received by members of the school and the guest lecturers; participation in the society's activities also saw a significant increase.

72

AP1+_DL