Cambridge IGCSE Geography
Theme 2 The Natural Environment
iv
63
Topic 17 Types and features of earthquakes and volcanoes Topic 18 Plate tectonics Topic 19 Causes and effects of earthquakes and volcanoes Topic 20 Volcanoes present hazards and opportunities Topic 21 Reducing the impacts Case Study: An earthquake – Haiti Case Study: A volcano – Mount Sinabung, Indonesia Topic 22 Rivers and drainage basins Topic 23 The work of rivers Topic 24 River landforms – 1 Topic 25 River landforms – 2 Topic 26 Rivers – hazards and opportunities Topic 27 Managing river flooding Case Study: The Elbe river Topic 28 The work of the sea Topic 29 Coastal landforms created by erosion Topic 30 Coastal landforms created by deposition Topic 31 Coral reefs and mangrove swamps Topic 32 Hazards and opportunities Topic 33 Managing coastal erosion Case Study: An area of coastline – Mauritius Topic 34 Collecting weather data – 1 Topic 35 Collecting weather data – 2 Topic 36 Using weather data Topic 37 Using weather and climate data Topic 38 The equatorial climate Topic 39 Tropical rainforest ecosystems Rainforest deforestation Topic 40 Case Study: The tropical rainforest – Ecuador Topic 41 Hot desert climates Topic 42 Hot desert ecosystems Case Study: A hot desert – the Sahara and Mali
64 66 68 70 72 74 76 78 80 82 84 86 88 90 92 94 96 98 100 102 104 106 108 110 112 114 116 118 120 122 124 126
Exam-Style Questions
128
Global Theme 2 – Reducing Carbon Emissions
132
Theme 3 Economic Development
133
Topic 43 Indicators of development Topic 44 Identifying inequalities
134 136