Issuu

Board of Cowlitz County Commissioners

Steve Rader, Commissioner District 1 Steven L. Ferrell, Commissioner District 2 Richard R. Dahl, Commissioner District 3 Kelly Grayson, Clerk of the Board

Regular Public Meeting August 11, 2026, 9:00 a.m. Board Meeting Convenes at 9:00 a.m.    

   

Invocation by Invitation Live KLTV Pledge of Allegiance ZOOM Stream Link Link Minutes of August 3-4, 2026 Consent Agenda of August 11, 2026 Phone Option: (253) 215-8782 Webinar ID: 820 1961 3917 o Call for Hearings o Resolutions o Correspondence Motion Items Public Hearing – 9:30 a.m. Print Agenda Public Hearing – 9:45 a.m. Public Comments o Citizen Participation may be anonymous. See RCW 42.30.040

Consent Agenda Call for Hearings Finance Department 1. Notice of Budget Workshops and Public Hearings for the 2027 amended Biennial Budget and Property Tax and Assessment. (231940) 2. Call for Public Hearing for an Ordinance to add a Chapter to the Cowlitz County Code to impose Local Sales and Use Tax for Criminal Justice Purposes scheduled for September 1, 2026, at 9:45 a.m. (231982) Public Works 3. Call for Public Hearing for an Ordinance to establish a “No Parking Zone” on Kalama River Road near milepost 6.0 scheduled for September 1, 2026, at 10:00 a.m. (231975) Correspondence 4. Letters/Notices a. Preliminary 2027 Budget estimate for the Lexington Flood Control Zone District of Cowlitz County dated 08/04/2026. (231973) b. Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC) letter dated 08/05/2026 regarding the Dam Safety Inspection Report. (232029) Page 1 of 3

Regular Public Meeting August 11, 2026, 9:00 a.m. c. Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC) letter dated 08/05/2026 regarding the 2025 Emergency Action Plan Updates, Lewis River Projects. (232030) Resolutions Finance Department 5. Rescinding Resolution #08-025 to discontinue the Incentive Savings Program. (231936) 6. Rescinding Resolution #04-163 to discontinue the Cumulative Reserve Fund. (231939)

Motion Items Information Technology 7. Renewal with Microsoft 365 for Microsoft 365 Services including email, Teams, and Office applications until September 1, 2029. The total annual cost is $437,330.46 and estimated three-year cost of $1,311,911.39. (232051) 8. Renewal with CrowdStrike Falcon Complete for endpoint cybersecurity protection threat visibility, continuous monitoring, and managed threat-response capabilities until August 12, 2027. The total cost is not to exceed $94,247.07. (232050) 9. Consolidated Two-Year Oracle and PeopleSoft Software Update License and Support through Mythics, LLC for PeopleSoft Licensing and Maintenance until August 31, 2028. The total two-year cost will not exceed $260,882.96. (232052) 10. Agreement with BGSF Professional, LLC for PeopleSoft Managed Services Support until August 20, 2027. The total amount will not exceed $225,000. (232065) Emergency Management 11. Adoption of the Comprehensive Emergency Response Plan. (232198) Risk Management 12. Participating Addendum with Gallagher Bassett Services, Inc. for Third Party Administration (TPA) to manage Workers' Compensation Claims. The total amount is $25,000 to manage new claims until September 1, 2027, and an additional $9,615 to assume current claims. (232314)

Public Hearing – 9:30 a.m. Finance Department 13. 2026 Budget Amendment. (231980)

Public Hearing Continuation from 7/21/26 – 9:45 a.m. Building & Planning 14. Critical Areas Ordinance to Update the Cowlitz County Code 19.15 (231999)

Page 2 of 3

Regular Public Meeting August 11, 2026, 9:00 a.m.

Updates Chairman Updates Cancellations/Closures  Monday, September 7th – Office Closed  Tuesday, September 8th – Meetings Canceled Upcoming Meetings:  Monday, August 24th @ 11:00 AM – Family Promise  Tuesday, August 25th @ 10:00 a.m. – Board of Health  Tuesday, September 22nd @ 10:00 a.m. – Department of Ecology RCW 42.30.040 – Conditions to attendance not to be required. A member of the public shall not be required, as a condition, to attend a meeting of a governing body, to register his or her name and other information, to complete a questionnaire, or otherwise to fulfill any condition precedent to his or her attendance. People may remain anonymous when logging on to Zoom by creating any name and email of their choosing. In a meeting, public comments will be received, either or both, orally (raise hand in Zoom or use *9 on phone) and by writing. Note: Written comments may be sent to the Board at any time. For oral presentations, the Board may set a time for comments and speakers. All matters listed with the Consent Agenda were previously distributed to each Board Member for reading and study, were available for public viewing, are considered items of regular County business, and will be approved, without separate discussion, by one motion of the Board of County Commissioners. An item may be removed from the Consent Agenda and placed on the Regular Agenda for separate discussion and voting at the request of any Board Member. The Board of Commissioners may add and take action on other items not listed on this Agenda.   

Agenda Online Address: https://www.co.cowlitz.wa.us/535/Agendas---Regular-Public-Meetings ZOOM Invitation Address (for all meeting days): o https://us06web.zoom.us/j/82019613917 KLTV Live Feed Address: http://www.kltv.org

Page 3 of 3

231940

BOCC

Consent

Agenda

Meeting Date: 8/ 11/ 2026 Notice

of Filing-

Amend 2027

Budget,

Setting Levy&

Budget

Hearings

Submitted By: Taunya Richardson, Senior Budget Analyst Submitted For: Shawn Roewe, Finance Director Department:

OAS-

Finance

Information

Subject and Summary Statement

The Office of Financial Management puts on file with the Board of County Commissioners the Notice of Budget Workshops and Public Hearings. September 1 st @ 9: 30 a. m., present

BOCC departmental

expenditure &

revenue estimates for

2027.

November 17th @ 9: 30 a.m., public hearing to consider property taxes and assessments for 2027 to support the County General Fund, Mental Health Services, Veterans' Relief Services, County Road Fund.

December 1st @ 9: 30 a.m., public hearing for the 2027 amended Biennial Budget. Staff Attendance Shawn

Roewe

Department

Recommendation

The Office of Financial Management recommends the Cowlitz County Board of Commissioners

approve public above hearings for the 2027 amended Biennial Budget and property tax and assessment. Publish the public

hearing twice

8/ 18 &

8/ 25

Form

Task

User Richardson, Roewe,

Taunya

Shawn (

OA)

Agenda

Item

Department

Review

Action

Timestamp

Submission

Submit

8/ 4/ 2026

8: 32: 00 AM

Approver

Approve

8/ 4/ 2026

9: 04: 00 AM

Approve

8/ 4/ 2026

9: 51: 00 AM

Review Grayson,

Kelly

Clerk of the Board Review

Approved:

231940

BOARD

Consent

OF COUNTY

OF COWLITZ

COMMISSIONERS

COUNTY,

WASHINGTON

Richard R. Dahl, Chairman

Steve

Rader,

Commissioner

Steven L. Ferrell, Commissioner

Attest:

Clerk of the Board

Agenda

Cowlitz County Biennial

Budget

2027 Calendar

This schedule may be modified from time- to- time.

OFM distributes

budget materials to departments:

Opens budget boss with actuals through June 2026

Forms to estimate beginning fund balance and ending fund balance Revised estimates of labor& benefits are updated in database Revised estimates of internal services are updated in database

Monday July 20, 2026

Revised

schedules

OFM makes

available

September 1 @ 9: 30

Tuesday,

forms

etc. included

in the Portal

Requests for New Expenditure/ Revenue lines— ongoing

Requests for Personnel

Requests for vehicles in Motor Pool vehicles&

Requests for technology

or adjustments equipment

Departments

complete

data entry in budget database

BUDGET REQUESTS

Departments

submit notification of fee requests new or increased

Due to OFM @ 5: 00

OFM will review submissions; departments may make technical corrections before Preliminary Budget is presented Expenditure&

revenue estimates presented to Commissioners( RCW

36. 40. 050& 36. 40. 071)

a. m.

14, 2026

Monday, September September October

request

Insurance,

Monday, August 17th

Tuesday, August 18th

for IT, Motor Pool,

Public

Workshop: Cost Allocations

Public

Workshop: Department

with BOCC

1: 30p. m.

21, 28 and

5, 12, 19, 26, 2026

Monday October

Requests

with BOCC

5, 2026

Public

Workshop:

Proposed

Tuesday October 6, 2026

Public

Workshop:

Equipment revolving reserve, 6- year Road Plan

2: 30 p. m.

Monday October 12, 2026

Public

Workshop:

IT requests& plans,

2: 30 p. m.

Tuesday

October 13, 2026

Monday October 19, 2026

Fee setting schedules

1: 30p. m.

Risk Allocations

2: 30 p. m.

Public Workshop:

5- year County Capital Program

2: 30 p. m.

Public

Personnel Requests

2: 30 p. m.

Workshop:

Public Workshop: Overall summarized Budget with anticipated revenue and expenses for final authorization

of all requests included in budget.

Monday November 9, 2026

1: 30 p. m. Public

Workshop:

Road Levies&

General Fund Levy Discussion using

preliminary assessment values

Public Hearing/ BOCC certifies Road Fund and General Fund Levies and Tuesday November

17, 2026

Tuesday December

1, 2026

Certified

to Assessor' s Office

BOCC 9: 30a. m.

OFM to submit Levy information to Assessor Public

Hearing- Documents presented to BOCC: Taxing District Budgets& Levies information

Special Continued

as needed

December

8, 15, 22)

Six- Year Road

Program

Five- Year County Capital Program Setting Fees ResolutionProposed

various Departments

biennial budget for 2027

BOCC 9: 30 a. m.

NOTICE COWLITZ NOTICE

COUNTY

OF BUDGET

OF FILING

AMENDED

BUDGET

WORKSHOPS&

PUBLIC

2027 HEARINGS

PURSUANT TO RCW 36. 40. 60, NOTICE IS HEREBY GIVEN that departmental presentation of expenditures requests and revenue estimates will begin on or about 9/ 01/ 26. A copy of expenditures requests and revenue estimates will be furnished to any citizen who makes a request for same at Office of Admin Services,

Room 308, 207 Fourth Avenue

North, Kelso; A schedule for workshops

will be furnished

upon

request; and

NOTICE IS GIVEN pursuant to R. C. W. 36. 40. 250 that on 11/ 17/ 26 at 9: 30 a. m. the Board of County Commissioners will hold a public hearing to consider property taxes and assessments for 2027 to support the County General Fund, Mental Health Services, Veterans' Relief Services, County Road Fund. NOTICE IS FURTHER GIVEN that the Board of County Commissioners will hold a public hearing on setting of fees, five- year county capital program, the six- year road program, dissolving funds and the 2027 budget on 12/ 1/ 26 at 9: 30 a. m. in the Commissioners' Hearing Room in the County Admin Building at Kelso, WA. The hearing may be continued from time to time. At said hearing any person may appear and be heard for or against any part of the proposed budget. The Cowlitz County Administration Building is accessible for persons with disabilities. Advise the Clerk of the Board at 360- 577- 3020 if you will need special accommodations to attend the meetings. DATED

August

11, 2026

Board of County Commissioners Of Cowlitz County, Washington

Publish

8/ 18&

PUBLICATION

BILLING 1)

8/ 25

REQUIREMENT:

To be published

in two( 2) issues:

8/ 18/ 26&

INFORMATION:

AFFIDAVITS

TO:

Cowlitz County Commissioners ATTN:

2) BILL TO:

Clerk of the Board

207 Fourth

Avenue

Kelso, WA

98626

North,

Room

305

Cowlitz County Office of Financial Management Attn: Ridge Moss 207 Fourth

Avenue

Kelso, WA

98626

North,

Room

308

8/ 25/ 26

BEFORE THE BOARD OF COUNTY COMMISSIONERS

OF COWLITZ COUNTY, WASHINGTON

In the Matter of Setting a Hearing to Consider Amendments to the 2027 County Budget-

August

)

RESOLUTION NO.

WHEREAS, it has come to the attention of the Cowlitz County Board of Commissioners that certain adjustments should be made in the 2027 budget previously approved on December 23, 2025; and WHEREAS, the amendment, if approved, will increase the budget, which additional expenses

could not have been anticipated at the time of fixing the budget for the current fiscal year. NOW THEREFORE, IT IS HEREBY RESOLVED that a public hearing should be held on December 1st @ 9: 30 a.m. and continued if necessary, in the Commissioners' Hearing Room, County Administration Building, Kelso, Washington, at which hearing any person may be heard for or against the amendments.

The meeting details are available on the BOCC website:

https://www.co.cowlitz.wa.us/166/Board-ofhLtps:// www. co. cowlitz. wa. us/ 166/ Board- of-Commissioners Commissioners

DATED: August 11, 2026

BOARD OF COMMISSIONERS

COWLITZ COUNTY, WASHINGTON

Richard R. Dahl, Chair ATTEST:

Kelly Grayson, Clerk of the Board

Steve Rader, Commissioner

Steven L. Ferrell, Commissioner

231982

BOCC

Consent

Agenda

Meeting Date: 8/ 11/ 2026 Call for Hearing- Adopting Local Legislation under HB 2015 Submitted By: Taunya Richardson, Senior Budget Analyst Submitted For: Shawn Roewe, Finance Director Department:

OAS-

Finance

Information

Subject and Summary Statement

Setting a Public Hearing to consider an ordinance adding a new county code chapter to impose local

sales and use tax for criminal justice purposes in accordance as part of the 2025 Regular Legislative Session, HB 2015, codified as RCW 82. 14. 345. Staff Attendance Shawn

Roewe

Department

Recommendation

The Office of Financial Management recommends the Cowlitz County Board of Commissioners set a

hearing date of September 1st, 2026 to consider adoption of the ordinance.

Form

Task

User Richardson, Roewe,

Taunya

Shawn (

OA)

Agenda

Item

Department

Review

Action

Timestamp

Submission

Submit

8/ 4/ 2026 3: 01: 00 PM

Approver

Approve

8/ 4/ 2026

3: 56: 00 PM

Review Silva,

Bailey

Legal Review

Approve

8/ 5/ 2026

7: 50: 00 AM

Silva,

Bailey

Clerk of the Board

Approve

8/ 5/ 2026

7: 55: 00 AM

Review

NOTICE OF PUBLIC HEARINGS

NOTICE IS HEREBY GIVEN that the Board of County Commissioners of Cowlitz County, Washington,

will hold a public hearing on Tuesday, September, 1, 2026 at 9: 30 a.m. in the Commissioners' Hearing Room,

County Admin Bldg., Kelso, WA. The purpose of the public hearing is to consider a proposed

ordinance relating to county revenue and taxation, titled: AN ORDINANCE RELATING TO SALES AND USE TAXES;

imposing

additional

sales

and use tax of one- tenth of one percent ( 0. 1%)

for

criminal justice purposes as authorized by RCW 82. 14. 345, adding a new chapter/section of 3. 17 to the Cowlitz County Code; providing for administration and collection; and establishing an effective date.

Copies of the proposed ordinance will be furnished to any citizen who makes a request for the same at Office of Admin Services, Room 308, 207 Fourth Avenue North, Kelso; and all persons interested in

speaking for or against the proposed ordinance will be given the opportunity to be heard at the public hearing. Written comments may also be submitted to the Boad of County Commissioners

prior to the

hearing. The Cowlitz County Administration Building is accessible for persons with disabilities. Details on the type of meeting

will be posted

the BOCC

website:

https:// www. co. cowlitz. wa.us/ 166/ Board- of-

Commissioners.

BOARD OF COUNTY COMMISSIONERS OF COWLITZ COUNTY, WASHINGTON

Published:

8/ 18

PUBLICATION REQUIREMENT:

To be published in two ( 2) issues

BILLING INFORMATION: 1)

AFFIDAVITS

TO:

Cowlitz County Commissioners ATTN: Clerk of the Board 207 Fourth Avenue North, Room 305 Kelso, WA

2) BILL TO:

98626

Cowlitz County Administrative Services

mailto:AdminServiceShared@ AdminServiceSharedgcowlitzwa. gov cowlitzwa.gov Attn: Ridge Moss 207 Fourth Avenue North, Room 308 Kelso, WA

98626

BEFORE THE BOARD OF COUNTY COMMISSIONERS OF COWLITZ COUNTY, WASHINGTON ORDINANCE

NO.

ESTABLISHING NEW CHAPTER 3. 17 OF THE COWLITZ COUNTY CODE RELATED TO SALES AND USE TAX FOR CRIMINAL JUSTICE PURPOSES

WHEREAS Cowlitz County currently faces budgetary shortfalls in supporting the current level of public safety services; and WHEREAS as part of the 2025 Regular Legislative Session,

HB 2015, codified as RCW 82. 14. 345,

was enacted authorizing a statewide public safety funding law that allows qualifying cities and counties to impose

WHEREAS

new

0. 1%

Sales and Use Tax option to fund certain public safety efforts; and

County is a " qualified" County pursuant to RCW 82. 14. 345 ( 5)( b);

Cowlitz

and

WHEREAS Cowlitz County has submitted documentation to the Criminal Justice Training Commission CJTC) and has been authorized to impose the additional sales tax for criminal justice purposes; and WHEREAS Cowlitz County received correspondence from the CJTC verifying its Sales and Use Tax submittals conditioned on providing any additionally requested information; and WHEREAS this matter having come on for public hearing before the Board of County Commissioners Board) which herewith deems the establishment of this Sales and Use Tax for criminal justice purposes is necessary in order support community public safety and in the public interest.

NOW, THEREFORE BE IT ORDAINED that the Cowlitz County Board of County Commissioners hereby adopts a new Chapter 3. 17 to the Cowlitz County Code as set forth in Exhibit A. NOW, 1.

THEREFORE

BE IT FURTHER

ORDAINED

that:

The Cowlitz County Finance Director shall be authorized to execute any necessary agreements with Department of Revenue or other documents to effectuate the collection of tax authorized pursuant to this Ordinance;

Only the County Code amendments set forth in Exhibit A, attached below, shall be codified; and

Severability: the provisions of this ordinance are declared separate and severable. If any section, paragraph, clause, or phrase of this ordinance is for any reason held to be unconstitutional or invalid, such decision

shall

not

affect

the

validity

the

remaining

portions

this

ordinance.

The

Board

Commissioners hereby declares that it would have passed this ordinance and each section, paragraph subsection, clause or phrase thereof irrespective of the fact that any one or more sections, paragraph subsections, clauses or phrases may subsequently be found to be unconstitutional or invalid.

PASSED

IN REGULAR

SESSION

THIS

day of September, 2026, after a public hearing was held

on September 1, 2026, pursuant to Notice published beginning on the 18t" day of August 2026 in The Daily News, Longview, Washington.

ORDINANCE-

CHAPTER

3. 17 CCC

PAGE 1

Attest:

BOARD

OF COUNTY

COMMISSIONERS

COWLITZ COUNTY, WASHINGTON

Clerk of the Board

Approved

Richard

Dahl,

Steve

Rader,

Chair

Commissioner

as to form:

Civil Deputy Prosecuting Attorney

ORDINANCE-

CHAPTER

3. 17 CCC

Steven

Ferrell,

Commissioner

PAGE 2

EXHIBIT

CHAPTER

3. 17

SALES AND USE TAX FOR CRIMINAL JUSTICE PURPOSES Sections:

3. 17. 010 Sales or use tax statutory authorization 3. 17. 020 Tax rate. 3. 17. 030 Administration

and collection

of tax.

3. 17. 040 Use of proceeds. 3. 17. 050 Effective

date and expiration

date.

3. 17. 060 Severability.

3. 17. 010 Sales or use tax statutory authorization Pursuant to RCW 82. 14. 345, there is hereby imposed a sales or use tax, as the case may be, upon every taxable event, as defined in RCW 82. 14. 020, occurring within Cowlitz County. The tax shall be imposed upon and collected from those persons from whom the state sales or use tax is collected pursuant to Chapter 82. 08 or 82. 12 RCW.

3. 17. 020 Tax rate Effective January 1, 2027, the rate of the tax imposed by CCC 3. 17. 010 shall be 0. 1 percent ( 0. 1%) selling price, in the case of a sales tax, or value of the article used, in the case of a use tax.

3. 17. 030 Administration

and collection

of the

of tax

The tax imposed by this ordinance shall be administered and collected in accordance with RCW 82. 14. 050. The Cowlitz County Finance Director is authorized and directed to execute any contracts with the Department of Revenue that may be necessary to provide for the administration or collection of the tax.

3. 17. 040 Use of proceeds The proceeds from the tax imposed by CCC 3. 17. 010 shall be deposited in a special fund in Cowlitz County to be known as the " Criminal Justice Purposes Fund". Moneys deposited in such fund shall be used only for the purposes authorized by RCW 82. 14. 345, or as may be amended. 3. 17. 050 Effective date and expiration The ordinance

codified

in this chapter

date

shall be in full force

and effect five ( 5) days after its adoption

and

publication as provided by law, provided however, that the tax imposed by CCC 3. 17. 010 shall take effect January

2027.

BEFORE THE BOARD OF COUNTY COMMISSIONERS

A Resolution in the Matter of Setting an Open Record

OF COWLITZ COUNTY, WASHINGTON

)

Public Hearing Date to consider adoption of an Ordinance ) Authorizing, Imposing, Collecting and Administering a

)

Sales and Use Tax for Criminal Justice Purposes to HB 2015

Pursuant

RESOLUTION NO.

WHEREAS, it is proposed establishing new chapter 3. 17 of the Cowlitz County Code related to sales and use tax for criminal justice purposes, as allowed under HB 2015, codified as RCW 82. 14. 345; NOW THEREFORE, BE IT HEREBY RESOLVED that a public hearing should be held on September 1, 2026, at 9: 30 a. m. in the Commissioners' Hearing Room, County Administration Building, Kelso, Washington, at which hearing any person may be heard for or against the proposed ordinance. meeting

details are available

the BOCC

website:

The

https://www.co.cowlitz.wa.us/166/Board-ofhttps:// www. co. cowlitz. wa.us/ 166/ Board- ofCommissioners

https://www.co Commissioners .cowlitz.wa.us/ 166/Board-ofIT IS FURTHER RESOLVED, that the Office of Financial Management shall cause notice of Commissioner sthe public hearing to be published at least ten( 10) days prior to the hearing, as required by law.

DATED: August 11, 2026

BOARD OF COMMISSIONERS

COWLITZ COUNTY, WASHINGTON

Richard R. Dahl, Chair ATTEST:

Kelly Grayson, Clerk of the Board

Steve Rader, Commissioner

Steven L. Ferrell, Commissioner

231975

BOCC

Consent

Agenda

Meeting Date: 8/ 11/ 2026 ORDER

FIXING

DATE

OF HEARING -

Proposed Ordinance - No Parking on Portion of Kalama River Road

Submitted By: Emilie Cochrane, Lead Admin Assistant III Submitted For: Susan Eugenis, County Engineer Department:

Roads

Administration

Information

Subject and Summary Statement

Attached is a resolution fixing the date of a public hearing on a proposed establishment of a" No Parking Zone" on Kalama River Road near milepost 6. 0. Staff Attendance Susan

Eugenis

Department

Recommendation

It is the recommendation of the Department of Public Works that the Board move to adopt said

Resolution, set a date and time for a public hearing and publish the notice.

Form

Task

User Anonymous

User

Eugenis,

Susan

Eugenis,

Susan

Review

Action

Timestamp

Submit

8/ 4/ 2026

2: 02: 00 PM

Review-

Submit

8/ 4/ 2026

5: 25: 00 PM

Approver

Approve

8/ 4/ 2026

5: 27: 00 PM

Legal Review

Approve

8/ 5/ 2026

9: 55: 00 AM

Clerk of the Board

Approve

8/ 5/ 2026

10: 49: 00 AM

Agenda

Item

Preliminary

Submission

PW1 Department Review Jensen,

Doug

Reed, Pervie

Review

BEFORE THE BOARD

OF COUNTY

COMMISSIONERS

OF Cowlitz County, WASHINGTON In the Matter of designating

RESOLUTION

NO.

A portion of Kalama River Road In Cowlitz

County,

ORDER

Washington

FIXING

DATE

OF HEARING

A " No Parking Zone"

WHEREAS, the Department of Public Works of Cowlitz County has investigated and found vehicular parking along and within certain portions of County road right of way of Kalama River Road is a risk to the traveling public and is recommending that a " No Parking Zone" be established thereon; and

WHEREAS, it appears to this Board that it is in the best interest of public safety and in compliance

with

laws

the

of the

State

of Washington,

pursuant

RCW

36. 32. 120( 7)

and

46. 61. 560 through 46. 61. 575; and

WHEREAS,

if the " No

Zone"

list on file with the County Engineer should be amended to include additional portions of Kalama River Road in the vicinity of milepost appears

Parking

6. 0; and

NOW, THERFORE, IT IS HEREBY RESOLVED that a public hearing will be held on the day

County

2026, at the hour of Administration

Building,

207

Fourth

a. m.,

in the chambers

Avenue

North,

Kelso,

of the

Board,

Washington,

third to

floor,

hear

all

concerned in the matter of the proposed amendment to the " No Parking Zone" list on file with the County Engineer; and, BE IT FURTHER RESOLVED that notice be given not less than ten ( 10) days prior to the public hearing as required by law. day of

DATED this

2026.

BOARD OF COUNTY COMMISSIONERS OF COWLITZ COUNTY, WASHINGTON

ATTEST:

Richard R. Dahl, Chairman

Kelly Grayson

Steve

Rader, Commissioner

Clerk of the Board

Steven L. Ferrell, Commissioner

APPROVED

AS TO FORM:

Cowlitz County Prosecuting Attorney

Douglas Jensen, Chief Civil

Deputy

NOTICE

2026, at the hour of o' clock day of a public hearing will be held before the Board of County Commissioners of Cowlitz County, Washington, in the Chambers of the Board in the County Administration Building, third floor, 207 Fourth Avenue North, Kelso, Washington, for the purpose of determining whether or not an amendment to the " No Parking Zone" list on file with the County Engineer be adopted by the Board of County Commissioners of Cowlitz County, Washington. The proposed amendment would establish a ' No Parking Zone' on a portion of Kalama River Road. NOTICE IS HEREBY GIVEN

that

the

a. m.,

Complete copies of the proposed ordinance are available at the office of the Board of County Commissioners, Third Floor, County Administration Building, 207 Fourth Avenue North, Kelso, Washington,

98626,

Washington,

98626.

the

Department

Public

Works,

1600

131h

Avenue

South,

Kelso,

Any person may appear to present testimony against or in favor of the proposed ordinance at the date and time given above. The County Administration Building is accessible for persons with disabilities.

BOARD

OF COUNTY

COMMISSIONERS

OF COWLITZ COUNTY, WASHINGTON

Published:

PUBLICATION

REQUIREMENTS:

To be published in one issue, not less than ten ( 10) days prior to

the date of hearing.

BILLING INFORMATION: 1)

AFFIDAVIT TO: Cowlitz County Commissioners ATTN:

AFFIDAVIT BILL TO:

Clerk of the Board

AND

County Department of Public Works 1600 131h Avenue South

Cowlitz

Kelso, WA 98626

P. O. 01056

PETITION TO THE COWLITZ COUNTY BOARD OF COMMISSIONERS

Re: Establishment of a No Parking Zone at 2425 Kalama River Road, Cowlitz County, WA

98625

We, the undersigned residents and concerned citizens of Cowlitz County, Washington, respectfully petition the Cowlitz County Board of Commissioners to establish a designated No

Parking zone along Kalama River Road at 2425 Kalama River Road, Cowlitz County, WA 98625 within Cowlitz County jurisdiction. GROUNDS FOR THIS PETITION: 1. Public Safety—

Vehicles parked at this location are a hazard. Any occupants within those

vehicles are also at danger. This location is on a sharp curve both eastbound and westbound_

In the past 5 years there have been at least two vehicle crashes at this location. Both of these incidents resulted in damage to the guard rails which required repair. One incident was so bad that the vehicle went through the guardrail and down the steep embankment. 2. Traffic

Hazards—

Vehicles parked at this location cause a hazard for other motorists using the private road that tees off Kalama River Road at the same location. Residents along the private road are concerned with visibility and the ability to turn eastbound from the private road

onto Kalama River Road.

3. Blocking of Services to Residents-

Due to the hazards noted in ( 2) The United States Postal

Service (LISPS) has ceased delivery of packages to residents along the private road near this

location. They have notified residents along the private road of the dangers caused' by parking here and, as a result, will not deliver packages to residents along the road, causing an

inconvenience for all residents along the private road. In order to get packages that are shipped via LISPS, residents must make a 20- minute round trip drive to the Kalama Post Office to collect their packages. In addition, garbage ser: ice through Waste Control has not occurred on occasion due to vehicles parked at this location. 4. Additional

Dangers

Resulting

from

Parking at this Location - The United Parcel Service

UPS) does still deliver packages to residents along the private road. But, on at least one occasion, this was done by the UPS driver stopping in the middle of the westbound lane of

Kalama River Road, turning on his flashers, and planning to walls down the private road to hand- deliver the package. This would' ve left the UPS truck stopped in the westbound lane of Kalama River Road. It was facing downhill between two blind curves. It would have been there for at least a couple of minutes as the driver walked down the private road to deliver the packages. Wesley Johnson happened to be here at this time and the driver said this was necessary due to parked vehicles at this location for the same concerns from ( 2). This is

extremely dangerous with logging trucks also coming down that hill and around those corners on weekdays.

Emergency Access— Parked vehicles limit the ability of fire, medical, and law enforcement personnel to respond quickly and safely in emergency situations.

REQUESTED

ACTION:

We respectfully request that the Board of Commissioners: Direct the Cowlitz County Public Works Department to conduct a traffic and safety study of the affected section of Kalama River Road. Work with the Washington

State Department of Transportation

and local stakeholders to

identify appropriate boundaries for a No Parking zone. Post clear, enforceable No Parking signage along the designated stretch. Coordinate with the Cowlitz County Sheriffs Office to enforce the restriction. We believe these measures are necessary to protect the safety and well- being of all who live, work, and travel along Kalama River Road. We urge the Board to take prompt action on this matter.

Respectfully submitted, Name

Address

I Signature I Date

r11

R,_J,--

j3S , 1 z`>

FZ _'? a

n n t

fie+' ,

y Lil I

z•-a

Ll - Z

w4wicliC

V•:

I I

Submit completed petitions to: Cowlitz County Board of Commissioners 207 4th Avenue North, Kelso, WA 98626 Phone: ( 360) 577- 3016

czk

ACRES O

RRO

GReµ

PROPOSED

PARKING ZONE 5

n O

L. DESIGNED

S. M. DRAWN

PROPOSED

NO PARKING

ZONE

Cp ti,

Go`

2400 BLOCK OF KALAMA RIVER RD BY

6/ 3/ 2026

160013th AVENUE SOUTH

VICINITY MAP SCALE:

1" =

5000'

OF PUBLIC WORKS

APPROVED

DEPARTMENT

gSHING-' G'

KELS , O,

0WAG26HINGTON

SHEET

1 OF

BEFORE

COWLITZ

BOARD

A RESOLUTION

DESIGNATING "

PARKING ZONE" Kalama

River

IN COWLITZ

COUNTY,

WASHINGTON

OF COMMISSIONERS

RESOLUTION

NO.

ON A PORTION OF

Road

RIGHT- OF- WAY

COUNTY,

WASHINGTON

WHEREAS, Board of County Commissioners of Cowlitz County, Washington, in compliance with Cowlitz County Code Ch. 11. 32, may designate a ' No Parking Zones' along county road rights ofway; and

WHEREAS, the County Engineer of Cowlitz County has investigated and found that vehicular parking along the portion of Kalama River Road, as set forth in the schedule below, in Cowlitz County is

risk

established

the

safety

thereon;

the

traveling

and

public

has recommended

Parking

Zone"

and,

WHEREAS, it appears to this Board, following public hearing, that it is in the best interest of public safety and in compliance with the laws of Washington and Cowlitz County Code Ch. 11. 32, that

portion of Kalama

River Road,

set forth

below, be designated

as '

Parking Zone';

and

BE IT RESOLVED by the Board of County Commissioners of Cowlitz County, Washington: 1.

Designated Locations. The following portions of county road rights- of-way are hereby designated as " no parking zones" on both sides of the county road as noted below, with violations thereof subject to the penalties set forth within CCC 11. 32. 030: Section

Section — Item

Road

Milepost

Number

From

Name

Road

Description

Township — Range

Kalama

River

1- 6N- 1W 40000

5. 98

All Vehicles

6. 02

Road

2- 6N- 1W

Section 2. The provisions of this Resolution shall not be codified and shall become effective upon the Department of Public Works erecting ' No Parking Zone' signage in accordance with CCC 11. 32. 020,

and

the "

Manual

Uniform

Traffic

Control

Devices

for Streets

and

Highways"

adopted and amended by the Washington State Department of Transportation, and with the Department thereafter maintaining the signage.

Section 3. The provisions of this Resolution are declared separate and severable shall not affect the validity of any portion of Ch. 11. 32 CCC, and the ' no parking zones' along portions of Boardwalk Way shall be added to the official No Parking Zone List of the County pursuant to CCC 11. 32. 050.

NO PARKING ZONE RESOLUTION —

2026

Page 1

APPROVED THIS

pursuant

to Notice

day of published on the

2026, after public hearing on day of 2026 in The Daily News.

BOARD

OF COUNTY

OF COWLITZ

COMMISSIONERS

COUNTY,

WASHINGTON

ATTEST:

Richard R. Dahl, Chairman

Kelly Grayson

Steve Rader, Commissioner

Clerk of the Board

Steven L. Ferrell, Commissioner

APPROVED

AS TO FORM:

Cowlitz County Prosecuting Attorney

Douglas Jensen, Chief Civil Deputy

NO PARKING

ZONE RESOLUTION— 2026

Page 2

231973

BOCC

Consent

Agenda

Meeting Date: 8/ 11/ 2026 Preliminary 2027 Budget budget estimate for the Lexington Flood Control Zone District of Cowlitz County Submitted By: Pervie Nancy Reed, Administrative Assistant III Submitted For: Pervie Nancy Reed, Administrative Assistant III Department:

Commissioners

Information

Subject and Summary Statement

Preliminary 2027 Budget budget estimate for the Lexington Flood Control Zone District of Cowlitz County, dated 08/ 04/ 2026 from Averie Mejia, Administrative Assistant III. Staff Attendance

Department

Recommendation

Form

User

Task

Reed, Pervie

Agenda

Reed, Pervie

Department

Item

Review

Action

Timestamp

Submission

Submit

8/ 4/ 2026

Approver

Approve

8/ 4/ 2026 1: 53: 00 PM

Approve

8/ 4/ 2026

1: 48: 00 PM

Review

Reed, Pervie

Clerk of the Board Review

1: 54: 00 PM

Lexington Flood Control Zoile Dirtrirt of Cowlitz County, Washington

LF1600— CZD

13t" Avenue South, Kelso, WA 98626 Phone 360- 577- 3030

RECEM

August 4, 2026

AUS 0 4 2026 TO:

Board of County Commissioners

FROM:

Averie Mejia, Administrative

SUBJECT:

Budget Estimate for Lexington

COMMISSIONERS OFFICE

Assistant III

Flood Control Zone District

Attached is the preliminary 2027 budget estimate for the Lexington Flood Control Zone District of Cowlitz County.

A final budget and order and levy resolution will be presented to the Board of County Commissioners, on or before the date that the County budget is adopted, as required by law, pursuant to RCW 86. 15. 140. am

Attachment

cc:

OFM

Lexington

Flood Control Zone District

2027 Draft Budget

FUND:

LEXINGTON FLOOD CONTROL ZONE DISTRICT

NUMBER:

68801 YTD

ACCT

BARS

DESCRIPTIONS

DRAFT

ACTUALS

Actuals

BUDGET

2022

2023

2024

2025

6130/ 2026

2026

2027

INCIDEC

REVENUES 3611000

8900000

INT EARNING INVEST

3614500

8900000

DELQ INT- ASSESSMENTS

3685000

8900000

ASSESSMENTS

3699100

8900000

MISCELLANEOUS

3980000

8900000

INSURANCE TOTAL

REVENUE

78, 161

117, 867

126, 437

194, 198

2, 470

3, 482

3, 896

3, 859

1, 338, 724

1, 568, 436

1, 966, 554

1, 86Z102

1, 089, 353

21, 256

2, 639, 073

558, 736

1, 977

84, 949

95, 000

100, 000

3, 000

1, 982, 024

2, 037, 916

892, 671

10, 051

1, 977)

RECOVERY

REVENUE

1, 440, 620

LOAN I BOND PROCEEDS

116, 639

3919000

8900000

308000

3000000

BEG UNRESERVED

308500

3000000

BEG RESERVED BALANCE

BALANCE

FUND TOTAL

4, 318, 858

2,096, 937

Z618, 895

1, 176, 279

2, 080, 024

2, 140, 915

903, 745

10, 000, 000

4, 000, 000

10,000,000

4, 188, 557

4, 691, 350

2, 289, 359

3, 490, 575

3, 588, 472

4, 000, 000

3, 000, 000

411, 528

6, 745, 816

9, 010, 208

4, 386, 296

6, 109, 470

4, 764, 751

16, 080, 024

9, 140, 915

11, 315, 273

298

200

300

96)

206

100

300

106) 2, 500

EXPENDITURES 5100100

DIRECT LABOR

5310100

OFFICE

5311500

OIL&

5313200

OTHER

5313600

CHEMICALS

5314000

MISC 0& M SUPPLIES

5320300

794

SUPPLIES

LUBRICANTS

DIESEL

ROCK&

305

2, 500

2, 305

265

3, 378

1, 896

158

3, 000

2, 842

2, 102

379

1, 603

154

2, 500

2,444

688

8, 971

1, 000

1, 500

7, 971)

5, 385

644

5, 286

3, 534

9, 688

9, 300

10, 100

388)

402, 129

656, 951

161, 162

179, 378

513, 966

1, 176, 500

1, 042, 000

662, 534

27, 886

27, 037

27, 751

27, 245

14, 931

26, 451

28, 563

11, 520

9, 145

7, 741

5, 917

31, 541

6, 272

10, 300

4, 028

SAND

I VEGETATION

979

FUEL

TOTAL SUPPLIES

SERVICES

5410100

PROFESSIONAL

5413900

AUDITIACCOUNTING

5415000

INTERGOVERNMENTAL

5420300

POSTAGE

2, 110

137

131

140

100

200

40)

5420400

TELEPHONE

1, 644

1, 656

1, 694

1, 777

862

2, 000

1, 138

1, 650

880

2, 725

134

1, 000

9, 886

10, 436

114, 168

15, 077

5430100

TRAVEL

5440100

ADVERTISING

SERVICES SERVICES

5450100

ER& R OPER RENTALS& LEASES

5450200

EQUIPMENT RENTALS- OUTSIDE

500

5460100

INSURANCE

7, 281

9, 111

5470100

PUD

16, 268

15, 115

21, 270

1, 500

866

30, 000

12, 000

19, 564

20, 000

25, 000

4, 923

Page# 1

Lexington Flood Control Zone District 2027 Draft Budget

FUND:

LEXINGTON FLOOD CONTROL ZONE DISTRICT

NUMBER:

68801 DRAFT

YTD

ACCT

BARS

DESCRIPTIONS

54BO100

REPAIRS&

MAINTENANCE

5490010

ELECTION

COSTS

5490200

PHOTOCOPIES

5492000

OTHER

5493509

INTERNAL

SERVICES&

5499900

TREASURER

COSTS

TOTAL 5533000

ACTUALS

Actuals

BUDGET

2022

2023

2024

2025

613012026

2026

2027

110, 962

80, 940

1, 991

12, 536

INCIDEC

250, 000

237,464

Z500

Z296)

3, 150

1, 916

250, 000

2, 296 431

953

1, 875

CHARGES

OTHER SERVICES&

CHARGES

LAND

IMPROVEMENTS TO BUILDINGS

5640100

MACHINERY& EQUIPMENT CONSTRUCTION CAPITAL

432, 024

1, 183

5620100

TOTAL

ACTUALS

359, 842

5610100

5650100

ACTUALS

OUTLAYS

TOTAL EXPENDITURES BEFORE

DEBT

2, 109

1, 985

100

1, 234

100)

100

3,574

3, 610

3, 362

3, 658

4, 000

342

833, 664

1, 156, 137

336, 449

453, 777

581, 641

1, 524, 001

1, 381, 213

942, 360

120, 000

5, 338, 227

265, 478

602, 035

64, 778

10, 000, 000

4, 000. 000

9, 935. 222

120, 000

5, 338, 227

265, 478

602, 035

64, 778

10, 000, 000

4, 000, 000

9, 935, 222

959, 050

6, 495, 008

607, 213

1, 059, 345

656, 107

11, 533, 301

5, 391, 313

10, 877, 194 7, 494

6915300

5780100

DEBT SERVICE-

PRINCIPAL

83, 815

209, 754

252, 600

292, 506

300, 000

450, 000

5925300

5830100

DEBT SERVICE-

INTEREST

11, 601

16, 088

35, 908

36, 668

38, 026

40, 000

50, 000

1, 974

95, 416

225, 842

288, 508

329, 174

330, 632

340, 000

500, 000

9,468

1, 054, 466

6, 720, 850

895, 721

1, 388, 519

986, 639

11, 873, 301

5, 891, 313

10, 886, 662

4, 691, 350

2, 289, 359

3, 490, 575

4, 720, 951

3, 778. 113

4, 206, 724

3, 249, 602

428, 611

4, 691, 350

2, 289, 359

3, 490, 575

4, 720, 951

3, 778, 113

4, 206, 724

3, 249, 602

428, 611

TOTAL

DEBT SERVICE

TOTAL EXPENDITURES 5080000

5000000

ENDING

UNRESERVED

5085000

5000000

ENDING

RESERVED

FUND TOTAL

BALANCE

Page# 2

Lexington Flood Control Zone District 2027 Draft Budget

rdgeted

2026

Projected 2027

INC/ DEC

VALUATION

105, 333, 956

115, 013, 524

120, 000, 000

114, 798, 405

118, 578, 153

124, 269, 350

122, 135, 497

3. 0%

59, 831

69, 735

75, 696

72, 416

80, 465

90, 465

79, 071

1, 394)

0. 568012

0, 606320

0. 630800

0. 630810

0. 678582

0. 65

0. 031)

227. 20

242. 53

252. 32

271. 43

258. 96

12)

MILLAGE11060 COST

FOR$ 400, 000 HOUSE

2025

Actual 2022

LEVY

2023

2024

UPPER

LOWER 376, 110, 339

444, 482, 110

500, 000, 000

472, 851, 976

487, 638, 610

487, 579, 310

502, 267, 768

3.0%

LEVY

1, 286. 960

1, 500, 000

1, 900, 000

1, 796, 640

1, 901, 559

1, 958, 844

57, 286

MILLAGE11000

3. 421762

3. 374714

3. 800000

3, 799582

3. 899525

3. 90

0, 000

COST FOR$ 400, 000 HOUSE

1, 368. 70

1, 349. 89

1, 520. 00

1, 519. 83

1, 559. 81

1, 560. 00

4, 691, 350

2, 289, 359

1. 141, 746

3, 490, 575

VALUATION

Projected Ending Fund Balances Operating Capital

Reserve

Ending Fund Balance

4, 691. 350

2, 289, 359

1, 141, 746

3, 490, 575

1, 206, 724

249, 602

3, 000, 000 1

3, 000, 000

3, 778,

4, 206, 724

3,249, 602

1131

(

957, 122)

(

528, 511)

232029

BOCC

Consent

Agenda

Meeting Date: 8/ 11/ 2026 Federal Energy Regulatory Commission ( FERC) letter dated 08/ 05/ 2026 regarding the Dam Safety Inspection Report

Submitted By: Pervie Nancy Reed, Administrative Assistant III Submitted For: Pervie Nancy Reed, Administrative Assistant III Department:

Commissioners

Information

Subject and Summary Statement

Federal Energy Regulatory Commission ( FERC) letter dated 08/ 05/ 2026 regarding the Dam Safety Inspection

Report

Staff Attendance

Department

Recommendation

Form

User

Task

Reed, Pervie

Agenda

Reed, Pervie

Clerk of the Board

Item

Submission

Review

Action

Timestamp

Submit

8/ 5/ 2026

11: 16: 00 AM

Approve

8/ 5/ 2026

11: 23: 00 AM

Approve

8/ 5/ 2026

11: 23: 00 AM

Review

Reed, Pervie

Department Review

Approver

DAM SAFETY INSPECTION REPORT

FEDERAL ENERGY REGULATORY COMMISSION OFFICE OF ENERGY PROJECTS DIVISION OF DAM SAFETY AND

REC" M

INSPECTIONS

Portland Regional Office

AV6 Q 5 20jrr

C0MM1SS10I( ERS QFF1Cf Project Name:

Swift No. 1

Licensee: Location:

PacifiCorp Lewis River River or Waterway)

Report Period:

From

Inspected by:

Justin Nettle

Accompanied by:

9/ 15/ 2025

Project No.

2111- WA

FED ID

WA00147

Skamania

County)

State)

6/ 9/ 2026 Date:

6/ 9/ 2026

Issac Beakes, Victor Cal of PacifiCorp Dam Safety; Samuel Manson

D2SI- PRO Weather:

50 to 60 F cloudy with light rain

Hazard

High

NID Condition

Potential:

Satisfactory

Assessment Rating':

This document contains Critical Energy Infrastructure Information ( CEII) and therefore the contents are not public and have been classified as CEII in eLibrary.

Refer to the Data Dictionary on the National Inventory of Dams 1VID website for" Condition Assessment" rating dam

definitions and typical

circumstances.

Users

of the NID

can search

for the

through

use

of the FED ID.

232030

BOCC

Consent

Agenda

Meeting Date: 8/ 11/ 2026 Federal Energy Regulatory Commission ( FERC) letter dated 08/ 05/ 2026 regarding the 2025 Emergency Action Plan

Updates,

Lewis

River

Projects

Submitted By: Pervie Nancy Reed, Administrative Assistant III Submitted For: Pervie Nancy Reed, Administrative Assistant III Department:

Commissioners

Information

Subject and Summary Statement

Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC) letter dated 08/ 05/ 2026 regarding the 2025 Emergency Action Plan Updates, Lewis River Projects Staff Attendance

Department

Recommendation

Form

User

Task

Reed, Pervie

Agenda

Reed, Pervie

Department

Item

Review

Action

Timestamp

Submission

Submit

8/ 5/ 2026

11: 21: 00 AM

Approver

Approve

8/ 5/ 2026

11: 25: 00 AM

Approve

8/ 5/ 2026

11: 26: 00 AM

Review

Reed, Pervie

Clerk of the Board Review

FEDERAL ENERGY REGULATORY COMMISSION Office of Energy Projects Division of Dam Safety and Inspections —

Portland Regional Office

7/ 27/ 2026

In reply refer to: P- 935, P- 2071, P- 211 I VIA Electronic Mail Mr. William Shallenberger

RFCrMD

Vice President, Renewable Resources

AUG 0 5 2026

PacifiCorp will.

shallenberger@pacificorp. com

Subject:

COMMISSIONERS pFFICF

2025 Emergency Action Plan Updates, Lewis River Projects

Dear Mr. Shallenberger:

This letter is to acknowledge Peter Martins' s January 27, 2026 letter transmitting

the 2025 Emergency Action Plan ( EAP) updates for the Merwin, Yale, and Swift No. 1 Projects, FERC Nos. 935, 2071, and 2111, respectively. We have reviewed the information provided and have no comments.

Thank you for your continued cooperation and interest in dam safety. If you have any questions, please contact Mr. Justin Nettle of this office at ( 503) 552- 2714_ Sincerely,

ERIC

Digitally signed by ERIC KENNEDY

KENNEDY ° ate- 2026. 07. 27 11: 11: 46 - 07' 00'

Eric Kennedy, P. E. Regional Engineer

231936

BOCC

Consent

Agenda

Meeting Date: 8/ 11/ 2026 Rescinding Resolution 08- 025 dated 5- 4- 2008 Submitted By: Taunya Richardson, Senior Budget Analyst Submitted For: Shawn Roewe, Finance Director Department:

OAS-

Finance

Information

Subject and Summary Statement

Attached is a resolution rescinding Resolution No. 08- 025, which established the Incentive Savings Program for General Fund budget allocations from prior fiscal years. The program has not been utilized and is no longer necessary. Adoption of this resolution will formally discontinue the unused program. Staff Attendance Shawn

Roewe

Department

Recommendation

The Office of Financial Management recommends that the Board of Commissioners adopt the attached

resolution rescinding Resolution No. 08- 025, dated March 4, 2008, which established the Incentive Savings Program and update the Cowlitz County Policy.

Form Review Task

User Richardson, Roewe,

Taunya

Shawn (

OA)

Agenda

Item Submission

Department

Approver

Action

Timestamp

Submit

8/ 4/ 2026

8: 16: 00 AM

Approve

8/ 4/ 2026

9: 03: 00 AM

Review Silva, Silva,

Bailey

Legal Review

Bailey

Revise-

Request

Revisions

by Legal

Needed

8/ 5/ 2026

10: 55: 00 AM

Submit

8/ 5/ 2026

11: 00: 00 AM

Reed, Pervie

Legal Review

Approve

8/ 5/ 2026

11: 03: 00 AM

Reed, Pervie

Clerk of the Board

Approve

8/ 5/ 2026

11: 06: 00 AM

Review

Cowlitz

County Policy

Policy# 5. 13 Department: Office of Financial Management

Financial— SHING' i

Reviewer: Financial Director

Savings Incentive Program

5. 13 SAVINGS

INCENTIVE

PROGRAM

5. 13. 1 Policy. The Board of Commissioners hereby establishes in Incentive Savings Program to be funded with a portion of unspent budget appropriations that will revert or have reverted to the General Fund from the prior year' s budget allocations.

The Incentive Savings Account shall be made available for reallocation

in accordance

with the

procedures described in this policy. 5. 13. 2 Purpose

The Incentive Savings Program is intended to further and promote efficiency and fiscal responsibility in General Fund departmental spending. The program is intended to reward, rather than penalize, General Fund Departments that do not spend the entire annual budget allocations by reallocating and dedicating a portion of unused resources from one year into the next year for departmental use. Since the amount of these resources is unpredictable, the funds may not be used to create new services, to expand services or to incur ongoing obligations except minor equipment maintenance costs. Expenditures will be approved only for one- time activities and preference will be given to those requests that meet a critical need to improve the quality, efficiency and effectiveness of employee performance and productivity and/ or service quality.

5. 13. 3 Applicability. This policy applies to all General Fund Departmental budgets. 5. 13. 4 Definitions. A.

Incentive Savings Account Means 1.

Twenty- five percent ( 25%) of unexpended ( unspent) and unencumbered

departmental

appropriations

for salaries and benefits as of December 31 of a fiscal year, that have reverted to the General Fund by virtue of a lapse in spending authority; Plus 2.

Fifty percent ( 50%) of the balance of unexpended ( unspent) and unencumbered appropriations(

departmental

all expenditure categories exclusive of salaries & benefits) as of December 31 of a fiscal

year, that have reverted to the General Fund by virtue of a lapse in spending authority; Excluding departmental appropriations that had been designated for a specific purpose, objective, project, or

otherwise restricted if the department did not achieve the specific purpose or objective or complete the project; b.

amounts that are appropriated

amounts set aside for debt service;

amounts encumbered in the prior year for goods or services purchased but not paid for during the

as pass- through to third parties or other entities;

prior year;

amounts necessary to establish an appropriate fund balance.

Cowlitz

County

Board

207 North 41h Avenue Kelso, WA

98626

of Commissioners

Policy#

5. 13

Last review date: N/ A Resolution#

N/ A

Yz G°*,

Cowlitz County Policy 4srr ti° S°

Funds in the Savings Incentive Account are un- appropriated and may only be spent after approval by the Board of Commissioners through a resolution amending the departmental budget.

5. 13. 5 Procedures.

These procedures describe the annual process for calculating and reallocating the Incentive Savings Account. Identified savings may be expended only for one- time activities, unless specifically approved by the Board of County Commissioners. Preference will be given to expenditures for employee training, employee incentives, technology improvements, new work processes, performance measurement, contracted service, supplies or capital items.

The Office of Financial Management will analyze General Fund expenditure savings by department and report to the Board not later than May 1 each year the amount of savings each department has carried forward from the prior fiscal year. This analysis will consist of: 1.

Calculating total expenditure budget savings by department;

Reviewing prior year departmental budget modifications;

Adjusting departmental savings for prior year( s) encumbrances including grants and contracts, thirdparty pass- through obligations, debt service, prior year purchases not yet paid for;

Reviewing past capital expenditures and capital expenditure requests;

Calculating

the amount

representing

25%

Calculating

the amount

representing

50% of adjusted

Analyzing the impact on fund balance.

of adjusted departmental salary and benefit savings; departmental

expenditure

savings for all

expenditure categories exclusive of salary and benefit savings; B.

The Board will make a preliminary determination of the total amount of the Incentive Savings Account balance and the amount to be allocated to each department.

The Office of Financial Management will notify each department of the preliminary amount available for the Savings Incentive Program Account and provide necessary background information

Departments will be asked to submit expenditure requests including: 1.

Prioritized list of expenditures to be funded with expenditure savings;

Rationale for expenditures.

The Board may find it necessary to meet with some Elected Officials or Department Directors and Managers to discuss the expenditure requests or may meet to discuss expenditure needs at the request of the department.

The Board will adopt a resolution amending the budget, reflecting its final decisions related to the amount of savings to be used by each department in the current fiscal year.

Savings incentives not spent in the year approved will not be carried forward to future years unless specifically approved by the Board.

Cowlitz

County

Board

207 North 4" Avenue Kelso, WA

98626

of Commissioners

Policy#

5. 13

Last review date: N/ A Resolution#

N/ A

BEFORE BOARD OF COUNTY COMMISSIONERS OF COWLITZ COUNTY, WA

In the Matter of Rescinding Resolution 08- 025 dated 3- 4- 2008

Resolution

and Updating

No.

Cowlitz County Policy

WHEREAS, the Board of Commissioners of Cowlitz County, Washington recognizes the need to rescind Resolution No. 08- 025 and update the policy relating to the same; and NOW, THEREFORE, BE IT HEREBY RESOLVED by the Board of County Commissioners that Resolution No 08- 025, adopted May 4, 2008, is hereby rescinded effective the date signed below.

EFFECTIVE this 11th day of August, 2026. BOARD

OF COUNTY

OF COWLITZ

COMMISSIONERS

COUNTY,

WASHINGTON

Richard R. Dahl, Chair

Attest: Steve

Rader,

Commissioner

Steve

Ferrell, Commissioners

Clerk of the Board

231939

BOCC

Consent

Agenda

Meeting Date: 8/ 11/ 2026 Rescinding Resolution 04- 163 dated 9- 17- 2004 Submitted By: Taunya Richardson, Senior Budget Analyst Submitted For: Shawn Roewe, Finance Director Department:

OAS-

Finance

Information

Subject and Summary Statement

Attached is a resolution rescinding Resolution No. 04- 163, which established the Cumulative Reserve

Fund. On August 12, 2025, the Board determined that the fund no longer needed and formally dissolved it. Staff Attendance Shawn

Roewe

Department

Recommendation

The Office of Financial Management recommends

that the Board of Commissioners

adopt the attached

resolution rescinding Resolution No. 04- 163, dated August 17, 2004, which established the Cumulative

Reserve Fund and update the Cowlitz County Policy.

Form

Task

User Richardson, Roewe,

Taunya

Shawn (

OA)

Agenda

Item Submission

Department

Approver

Review

Action

Timestamp

Submit

8/ 4/ 2026

8: 21: 00 AM

Approve

8/ 4/ 2026

9: 03: 00 AM

Review

Reed, Pervie

Legal Review

Approve

8/ 5/ 2026

11: 03: 00 AM

Reed, Pervie

Clerk of the Board

Approve

8/ 5/ 2026

11: 06: 00 AM

Review

GpVCfZ

co&

Policy# 5. 6

Cowlitz Count Y Polic I

Department: Office of Financial Management Reviewer:

Finance Director

Financial— SHI.

Cumulative Reserve Fund

00o1

5. 6 CUMULATIVE

RESERVE

FUND

5. 6. 1 Policy Pursuant to RCW 36. 33. 020, the Board of County Commissioners established a Cumulative Reserve Fund for emergencies, purchase of supplies, materials or equipment; construction, alteration, repair or improvement of any public work or public building; for property acquisition; cash flow for state and federal grants or for principal and/ or interest payments on bonds. 5. 6. 2 Procedures

Proposed expenditures will be included in the County' s bi- annual budget. Expenditures for any County emergency, which could not reasonably have been foreseen at the time of making the budget which requires the expenditure of monies not provided for in the budget shall not be construed to exclude the process for emergency appropriations as set forth in RCW 36. 40. 140, 36. 40. 150, 36. 40. 170 and 36. 40. 180. The moneys in said fund may be allowed to accumulate from year to year until the Board of County Commissioners shall determine to expend the moneys in the fund for the purpose or purposes specified. A public hearing shall be held prior to any expenditure or transfer from said fund, as required by law. Res.

82- 216A,

Cowlitz

County

207 North 4" Kelso, WA

8- 9- 82;

Board

Avenue 98626

Res.

04- 163,

of Commissioners

8- 17- 04)

Policy#

5. 6

Last review date: 8/ 17/ 2004 Resolution# 04- 163

BEFORE BOARD OF COUNTY COMMISSIONERS OF COWLITZ COUNTY, WA

In the Matter of Rescinding Resolution 04- 163 dated 8- 17- 2004

Resolution

and Updating

No.

Cowlitz County Policy

WHEREAS, the Board of Commissioners of Cowlitz County, Washington recognizes the need to rescind Resolution No. 04- 163 and update the policy relating to the same; and NOW, THEREFORE, BE IT HEREBY RESOLVED by the Board of County Commissioners that Resolution No 04- 163, adopted August 17, 2004, is hereby rescinded effective the date signed below.

EFFECTIVE this 11th day of August, 2026. BOARD

OF COUNTY

OF COWLITZ

COMMISSIONERS

COUNTY,

WASHINGTON

Richard R. Dahl, Chair

Attest: Steve

Rader,

Commissioner

Steve

Ferrell, Commissioners

Clerk of the Board

232051

BOCC

Motion

Item

Agenda

Meeting Date: 8/ 11/ 2026 Renewal with Microsoft M365 for Microsoft 365 Services including email, Teams, and Office Applications until September 1, 2029. Input blocked. Maximum

Submitted By: Pervie Nancy Reed, Administrative Assistant III Submitted For: Mirchelle McKoy, IT Director Department:

Information

Technology

Information

Subject and Summary Statement

Renewal with Microsoft M365 for Microsoft 365 Services including email, Teams, and Office Applications until September 1, 2029. The total annual cost is $ 437, 330. 46 and estimated three- year cost of$ 1, 311, 911. 39. Staff Attendance

Mirchelle McKoy Department

Recommendation

Approve the Microsoft 365 G3 Enterprise Agreement for the period of September 1, 2026 through August 31, 2029, for a three- year amount not to exceed $ 1, 311, 991. 39, including estimated Kelso sales/ use tax, and authorize a budget amendment or other approved funding action to address the

estimated three- year funding gap of$ 130, 192. 81, subject to final licensing, legal, procurement, tax, and budget validation.

The authorization should permit the CIO and Director of Information Technology, in coordination with

Procurement and Legal, to make nonmaterial adjustments to individual license quantites provided that: The overall

authorization

does not exceed $ 1, 311, 911. 39.

The final licensing configuration meets County operational, cybersecurity, public-records, and compliance

requirements.

Any material contract changes are returned for additional approval when required

Form

User

Task

Reed, Pervie

Agenda

Reed, Pervie

Department

Item

Review

Action

Timestamp

Submission

Submit

8/ 5/ 2026

2: 05: 00 PM

Approver

Approve

8/ 5/ 2026

2: 14: 00 PM

Approve

8/ 5/ 2026

2: 16: 00 PM

Review

Reed, Pervie

Clerk of the Board Review

Approved: BOARD

OF COUNTY

COMMISSIONERS

232051

Motion

OF COWLITZ

Richard

Steve

Steven

COUNTY,

WASHINGTON

R. Dahl, Chairman

Rader,

Commissioner

L. Ferrell, Commissioner

Attest:

Clerk of the Board

Item

7/ 28/ 2026

Page 1 of 1

1Insi 9 ht,'' s.

PRELIMINARY

Cowlitz County Quotation:

0426- Cowlitz

Date:

July

Enrollment:

NEW

Contract:

CTR060025/

Part Number Additional

15,

Item

County-

l- MSEA-

YTH

Subscription

2026

Start

Date:

End

Date:

8/ 31/

Subscription

14922-

2026 2029

Program

Name

Level

Offering

Purchase Purchase

Period

Pool

Product

Type

Product

Added at Signing

Servers

Software Assurance

SQL Server Standard

Added at Si

Servers

Software Assurance

Center Standa

19. 81

309. 12

169. 48

Unit

Family

SQL Server Standard

7NQ- 00292

Core ALng SA 2L

9EN- 00198

QEK- 00003

Visual Studio Pro with GitHub

9EM- 00267

Win

stem

Center Standard Core ALng

Enter

SA 2L

ALng SA

Server Standard Core ALng

16L

rise

6 Additional

Enterprise 6 Additional

Pi D

1 Year( s)

Enter

rise

6 Additional

Pi D

Enter

rise

6 Additional

Years

ning

stem

1 Year( sj

Added at Signing

Applications

Software Assurance

Visual Studio Professic

Added at Signing

Servers

Software Assurance

Win Server Standard

Year(

Annual

Year One:

12 Months

Part Number

Item

M365 G5 GCC Sub Per User

34700

AAD- 34704 Additional

Program

Level

Offering

Purchase

Products

Enter

M365 G3 Unified

FSA Renewal

GCC Sub Per User

Pool

Product

Type

Product

Family

Price

5 192. 48 158. 48

338. 96

Subtotal:

5, 689. 92

Term

Quantity

M365 G3 Unified

FUSL GCC Sub Per User

rise

6 Enterprise

1 Months

Non- Specific

Servers

Monthly

Subscriptions-\

M365 G5 GCC

61 Enterprise

11 Months

Non- Specific

Servers

Monthly

SubscirliotionsA

M365 G3 Unified

FSA

Enterprise 6 Enterprise

1 Months

Non- Specific

Servers

Monthly

Subscriptions-

M365 G3 Unified

FUSL

Price

Extended

Price

645. 64 $

7, 747. 68

645

356. 69 $

230 065. 11

105

419. 66 $

44, 064. 30

750

45. 73

34, 297. 50

91. 83

1, 561. 11

151

6. 97

1, 052. 47

1, 161. 66

in Defender 0365 P2 GCC Sub Per User

Enterprise 6 Additional

Pi D

1 Months

AAD- 63092

M365 F3 Unified GCC Sub

Enter

rise

6 Additional

V7U- 00026

Mobile Asset Mgmt ALng Sub NA Routing Per Asset Add- on

Enter

rise

6 Additional

V7U- 00008

Mobile Asset

DDI- 00001

Power BI Pro GCC Sub Per User

00001

Period

Enterprise

GLN- 00001

PZT-

Purchase

Unit

MM649.

Extended

AAL- 45735 AAD-

Name

Products

Enterprise

Unit Price

Quantity

Products

Purview

Mgmt

Per

User

ALng Sub Platform

Suite Gov GCC Sub

Per

Services

User

Monthly

Servers

MonthlySubscriptions-

Pi D

1 Months

Non- Specific

Servers

Monthly

Enterprise 6 Additional

Specific

Servers

Monthly Subscriptions-

Enter

rise

6 Additional

Pi D

1 Months

ecific

Servers

Monthly

Enter

rise

6 Additional

Specific

Servers

Monthly Subscriptions-

rise

6 Additional

Pi D

1 Months

Servers

Monthly

Applications

Monthly Subscriptions- N Visio P2

Teams AC with Dial Out US/ CA GCC Sub Add- on

Enter

Visio

Enterprise 6 Additional

Per

User

Defender 0365 P2

Servers

P3U- 00001

GCC Sub

Subscriptions-

ecific

Non- Specific

NYH- 00001

Non- S

Months

Non-

Non- S Non-

Non- Specific Non-

Specific

Subscriptions-

GCI

M365 F3 Unified GCC Mobile Asset Mgmt Mobile Asset

Mgmt

Power BI Pro GCC

108. 83

Suite Gov GO

750

100. 51

75 382. 50

Teams AC with Dial Oi

767

Purview

GCC

137.

201 $

Subtotal:

3, 430. 00 398, 871. 10

Year 1 Total:

404, 561. 02

Year 2 Total:

404, 561. 02

Year 3 Total:

404, 561. 02

3 Year Grand

As Is Renewal

0. 00

251 12 Month

Confidential.

1, 161.

Total:

Thank you for the opportunity

1, 213, 683. 06

to quote.

7/ 28/ 26, 1: 16 PM

SBAR

Communication

Form

Situation- Background-

Assessment- Recommendation

SBAR)

SBAR For questions about or assistance with this form, please contact the Clerk of the Board.

Request Source*

Internal ( County Depts) External

Prepared

by:*

McKoy, Mirchelle

Prepared

mckoym@cowlitzwa.

gov

Email:*

Department*

Information Technology Department

Date*

8/ 4/ 2026

Open Public

Yes

Meeting Discussion

No Other

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ls= false& fromInstances=

true

1/ 11

7/ 28/ 26, 1: 16 PM

Situation

SBAR

Communication

Form

Page

Situation What is being requested and by whom? Requested

Approval

Action/ Decision

Authorization Direction Acceptance Other

Does

this request

Yes

have a financial

impact?*

Brief Description of Renewal of our Microsoft M365 Tenant for 3 years. The licensing package Request

includes: 645 Microsoft

365 G3 Unified

FSA renewal

licenses

105 Microsoft 365 G3 Unified FUSL licenses 12 Microsoft

365 G5 GCC licenses

17 Microsoft

365 F3 GCC licenses

Defender

for Office

Microsoft

Purview

365 Plan 2 for 750 users Suite GOV addon for Microsoft

Teams Audio Conferencing

365 G3 for 750 users

for 767 users

25 Visio Plan 2 licenses One Power BI Pro license

Mobile asset- management licensing Software Assurance

for identified

SQL Server, System

Center, and Windows

Server licenses

Total Requested

1, 311, 991. 39- Over 3 years paid annually

Dollar Amount:*

Time

Due upon request. We are required to

Sensitivity/ Deadline renew 30 days prior to our renewal date of 9/ 1/ 26.

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2/ 11

7/ 28/ 26, 1: 16 PM

SBAR Communication

Form

https: Hadm- If- web. cowl itz. local/ Forms/ form/ submission/ history/ 231509/ 412999? hideHeader= true& showlnsta nceDetails= false& fromInstances=

true

3/ 11

7/ 28/ 26, 1: 16 PM

SBAR

Background

Communication

Form

Page

Background Essential context only)

Relevent history or

Microsoft 365 provides the County' s primary enterprise productivity, collaboration,

prior Board

communication,

action:

identity, endpoint- management, email- security, and records-

supporting technology environment. The County currently relies on Microsoft services for functions that include: Email and calendaring Microsoft

Teams communication

and meetings

Office productivity applications Identity and access management Device

and endpoint

administration

Email threat protection Public- records and compliance- related workflows

Data reporting and visualization Server software licensing and Software Assurance The proposed G3 option preserves G3 as the standard County license, maintains 12 G5 licenses and Defender

for specialized for Office

users,

and includes

Microsoft

365 Plan 2 for all 750 G3 users.

Purview

Suite GOV

The Purview

addon is

necessary to support advanced eDiscovery, premium audit, records management,

data lifecycle management,

information protection, and public-

records workflows that are not fully provided by the base G3 license. Licensing the covered G3 population ensures County data can be searched, preserved, audited, retained, and governed without moving the entire workforce to G5. The proposed agreement is structured as a three- year Microsoft Enterprise Agreement

with equal annual

costs, subject to the final agreement,

enrollment

documents, and Microsoft pricing validation.

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4/ 11

7/ 28/ 26, 1: 16 PM

SBAR

Communication

Form

Legal, regulatory,

The Microsoft

County' s legal- discovery and litigation- readiness obligations, including

policy

considerations ( applicable):

Purview Suite GOV addon is also required

to support the

preservation and legal holds, advanced eDiscovery, investigation support, defensible audit trails, and the collection and production of records involving Exchange

Online,

Microsoft Teams, SharePoint,

and OneDrive.

This addon

is the

unfunded portion that was needed to stay in compliance with Microsoft Licensing model.

Prior

budget

direction

constraints:

It was assumed that the 2026 budget allocated for M365 would cover the cost. Two things changed 2.)

that. 1.)

Microsoft

increased

the cost

by 8% for the renewal

Microsoft made it a constraint to conduct public search via the module

Purview unless you opted to upgrade from G3 to G5. We opted for the Purview addon to prevent a $ 500, 000 increase in price to get around the constraint.

https:// adm- If- web. cowl itz. local/ Forms/ form/ sub miss ion/ history/ 231509/ 412999? hide Head er= true& showlnstanceDetai

ls= false& fromInstances=

true

5/ 11

7/ 28/ 26, 1: 16 PM

SBAR

Assessment

Communication

Form

Page

Assessment Analysis, risks, and impacts.)

Operational /

Safety /

Public Approval would maintain uninterrupted access to the Microsoft 365 services used

Service

Impact:

by County departments, courts, public safety personnel, elected offices, and administrative

operations.

The proposed licensing mix balances operational requirements with budget constraints by: Maintaining G3 as the standard County license Providing targeted G5 licensing rather than Countywide G5 licensing Continuing Defender for Office 365 Plan 2 protection for 750 users Continuing Microsoft Purview Suite GOV for 750 G3 users to support public records, eDiscovery, premium audit, records management, data lifecycle management, and information protection Maintaining Teams conferencing, Visio, Power BI, and mobile- management capabilities

Continuing Software Assurance for certain Microsoft server products

Financial Impact:

Impact to fund blalance or program

The proposed G3/ Purview option has an estimated annual cost of$ 437, 330. 46

and an estimated three-year cost of$ 1, 311, 991. 39, including estimated Kelso sales/ use tax at 8. 1%.

The County currently has $ 393, 932. 86 funded annually for this renewal. The final licensing configuration

therefore creates an estimated annual funding gap of

43, 397. 60, including tax, and a projected three- year funding gap of 130, 192. 81. A budget amendment or another approved funding source is required

Future

budget

to address

the unfunded

amount.

The fixed pricing will be locked in until 9/ 1/ 2029. The renewal will need to occur

implications ( if

before that date. The future impact is that it will be

any):

increase

minimum

of 8% annual

at the time of renewal.

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6/ 11

7/ 28/ 26, 1: 16 PM

SBAR

Communication

Form

Risks of not

Failure to complete the renewal before the current licensing period ends could

approving the

result in:

request: Loss or interruption

of Microsoft

365 services

Reduced access to email, Teams, Office applications, and County data Licensing noncompliance Disruption to publicrecords and compliance workflows Loss of enhanced email- security, publicrecords, eDiscovery, audit, and information- governance capabilities

Emergency procurement at potentially less favorable pricing Operational disruption across County departments and elected offices

https: Hadm- If- web. cowl itz. local/ Forms/ form/ submission/ history/ 231509/ 412999? hideHeader= true& showlnsta nceDetails= false& fromInstances=

true

7/ 11

7/ 28/ 26, 1: 16 PM

SBAR

Recommendation

Communication

Form

Page

Recommendation Specific action requested)

Staff Recommends that the Board of

County Commissioners:

Recommendations

Approve:

Deny: Modify: Provide Direction to:

Approve the Microsoft 365 G3 Enterprise Agreement for the period of September 1, 2026, through August 31, 2029, for a three- year amount not to exceed 1, 311, 991. 39, including estimated Kelso sales/ use tax, and authorize a budget amendment or other approved funding action to address the estimated three- year funding gap of$ 130, 192. 81, subject to final licensing, legal, procurement, tax, and budget validation.

The authorization should permit the CIO and Director of Information Technology, in coordination

with Procurement

and Legal, to make nonmaterial

adjustments

individual license quantities provided that: The overall

authorization

does not exceed $ 1, 311, 991. 39.

The final licensing configuration meets County operational, cybersecurity, publicrecords, and compliance requirements. Any material contract changes are returned for additional approval when required.

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true

8/ 11

7/ 28/ 26, 1: 16 PM

SBAR

Communication

Form

Budget Source Details Page

Budget Source Details Required

Budget

for Financial

Status:

Requests)

Budgeted Unbudgeted

Partially Budgeted Department /

Information Technology

Program

Account / Line Item

Computer Software: Acct 50201

if applicable):

Funding Source:

Existing Appropriation Fund Balance

Contingency Grant Other

Budget

Yes

Amendment

Required?

Other

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7/ 28/ 26, 1: 16 PM

SBAR

Alternatives

Considered

Communication

Form

Page

Alternatives Considered Optional)

Alternative

The preliminary G5 option would cost approximately $ 1, 626, 131. 94 over three years,

including the same

estimated

8. 1%

Kelso tax. This would provide broader

G5 capabilities but would increase the County' s three- year cost by approximately 314, 140. 55.

This alternative is not recommended unless licensing analysis determines that G5 functionality is required for a substantially larger number of County employees.

Alternative 2

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7/ 28/ 26, 1: 16 PM

Attachments

SBAR

Communication

Form

Page

Attachments File Upload

Contract Resolution/ Ordinance Budget Amendment

Map/ Plan/ Report M

Other

See " As is" Tab for official Cost

Copy of 0426- Cowlitz County- Prelim

Renewal- NEW- E...

98. 32KB

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11/ 11

Motion

232050

BOCC

Item

Agenda

Meeting Date: 8/ 11/ 2026 Renewal with CrowdStrike Falcon Complete for endpoint cybersecurity protection, threat visibility, continuous monitoring, and managed threat- response Submitted By: Pervie Nancy Reed, Administrative Assistant III Submitted For: Mirchelle McKoy, IT Director Department:

Information

Technology

Information

Subject and Summary Statement

Renewal with CrowdStrike Falcon Complete for endpoint cybersecurity protection, threat visibility, continuous monitoring, and managed threat- response capabilities until August 12, 2027. The total cost is not to exceed $ 94, 247. 07. Staff Attendance

Mirchelle McKoy Department

Recommendation

Approve the one- year renewal of CrowdStrike Falcon Complete on Government Cloud for 888 endpoints for the period of August 13, 2026, through August 12, 2027, at a quoted subtotal of 86, 703. 84, plus applicable sales tax, for an estimated total not to exceed$ 94, 247. 07, subject to: Receipt of corrected and valid vendor quote

Verification of the final license quantity Confirmation

of the applicable

tax rate

Procurement and legal review of the cooperative contract and controlling terms.

Form

User

Task

Reed, Pervie

Agenda

Reed, Pervie

Department

Reed, Pervie

Clerk of the Board

Item Submission Approver

Review

Action

Timestamp

Submit

8/ 5/ 2026 2: 03: 00 PM

Approve

8/ 5/ 2026 2: 14: 00 PM

Approve

8/ 5/ 2026

Review

Approved: BOARD

OF COUNTY

OF COWLITZ

COMMISSIONERS

COUNTY,

WASHINGTON

Richard R. Dahl, Chairman

2: 16: 00 PM

Motion

232050

Steve

Rader,

Commissioner

Steven L. Ferrell, Commissioner

Attest:

Clerk of the Board

Item

PARTICIPATING ADDENDUM For Region 4 Education Service Center Contract No. R250302 with CompuNet, Inc. PARTIES COUNTY: Cowlitz County Washington C/O Information Technology 207 N 4th Ave, Room 307 Kelso, WA 98626 Contract Facilitator: Mac McKoy Phone: 360-577-3024 ext. 6733 Email: McKoyM@cowlitzwa.gov

CONTRACTOR: CompuNet Inc. 1111 S Silverstone Way, Ste 200 Meridian, ID 83642 Contact: Thomas McFarlin Phone: 208-286-3032 Email: legal@compunet.biz

This Participating Addendum (hereinafter called “Addendum” or “Agreement”) covers Master Contract No. R250302 led by Region 4 Education Service Center (the “Master Contract”) for purchase of cyber security solutions and services to Region 4 Education Service Center and the entities eligible to access OMNIA Partners cooperative purchasing contracts (Participating Entities). Cowlitz County is an eligible participating entity because it has a cooperative purchasing agreement with OMNIA Partners. This Addendum constitutes and shall be construed as a separate, independent agreement between Cowlitz County and the Contractor, subject to the following: (i) this Addendum shall be governed by the Master Contract, and the terms in the Master Contract are hereby incorporated into this Addendum; (ii) the Addendum (including any purchase order documents pursuant to the Addendum) may not alter or conflict with the terms of the Master Contract except as expressly identified and agreed to herein, nor may it exceed the scope of the work provided for in the Master Contract; and (iii) the term of the Addendum may not extend beyond the expiration date of the Master Contract. The Addendum and the Master Contract shall take precedence over any terms and conditions included on Contractor’s quote, invoice, or similar document. The Master Contract, as hereafter modified, is incorporated into this Addendum as if set forth at length. The parties do mutually agree to modify or add to the Master Contract as provided below. The below terms act to supersede or modify any conflicting terms or language in the Master Contract. 1.1.

TERMS The County is agreeing to the terms of the Master Agreement only to the extent the terms are not in conflict with applicable Washington law. 1.1.1. EFFECTIVE DATE This Agreement is effective upon the date of the final signature below. 1.1.2. EXPIRATION DATE This Agreement shall remain in effect for the duration of the initial software subscription term and any authorized renewal periods, unless terminated earlier in accordance with the Master Contract. No new purchases may be made under this Addendum after the expiration or termination of the OMNIA Master Contract unless otherwise permitted by applicable law.

1.2.

COMPENSATION, PRODUCT AND SERVICES The Contractor shall provide CrowdStrike Falcon software, licenses, and any related services or deliverables as specified in the Contract Documents, for a total amount not to exceed eighty-six thousand seven hundred three dollars and eighty-four cents ($86,703.84) plus applicable taxes to be paid at the time of invoicing. The County agrees to pay the Contractor for said product and deliverables as specified in the Contract Documents, as defined below. In addition to the initial subscription term, the County may, at its sole discretion, authorize the renewal of the license on an annual basis, subject to availability of funds, continued applicability of OMNIA Contract No. 250302, and issuance of a new purchase order or amendment. Compensation for any renewal term shall be based on the then-current pricing provided under the cooperative agreement or mutually agreed upon renewal pricing and shall be invoiced annually upon renewal.

1.3.

1. 2. 3. 4.

Purchase/Change Orders; and The Master Contract (Region 4 ESC Contract R250302); and Addenda; and CompuNet Quote #KB293827 dated June 3, 2026.

1.4.

RELATIONSHIP OF THE PARTIES The parties intend that an independent contractor relationship will be created by this Agreement. The County is interested only in the results to be achieved, and the conduct and control of all services or work will lie solely with the Contractor. No agent, employee, servant or otherwise of the Contractor shall be or shall be deemed to be an employee, agent, servant or otherwise of the County for any purpose, and the employees of the Contractor are not entitled to any of the benefits that the County provides for County employees. The Contractor will be solely and entirely responsible for its acts and for the acts of its agents, employees, servants, subcontractors, or otherwise during the performance of his Contract. In the performance of the services herein contemplated, the Contractor is an independent contractor with the authority to control and direct the performance and details of the work, the County being interested only in the results obtained; however, the work contemplated herein must meet the approval of the County pursuant to the provisions of the agreement under which the services and work were let to the Contractor.

1.5.

INDEMNIFICATION The Contractor is an independent contractor and not the agent or employee of the County. No liability shall attach to the County for entering into this Contract or because of any act or omission of the Contractor except as expressly provided. The Contractor agrees to defend, indemnify and hold the County and the County's Consultant(s), when used on the project, harmless from any and all claims, including but not limited to reasonable attorney fees, demands, losses and liabilities to or by third parties arising from, resulting from or connected with services performed or to be performed under this contract by the Contractor, its agents or employees to the fullest extent permitted by law. The Contractor's duty to indemnify the County and Consultant shall not apply to liability for damages arising out of bodily injury to persons or damage to property caused by or resulting from the sole negligence of the County or Consultant, their agents or employees. The Contractor's duty to indemnify the County and Consultant for liability for damages arising out of bodily injury to persons or damage to property caused by or resulting from the concurrent negligence or (a) the County or Consultant, their agents or employees, and (b) Contractor, its agents or employees shall apply only to the extent of negligence of the Contractor or its agents or employees. Contractor's duty to defend, indemnify and hold the County harmless shall include, as to all claims, demands, losses and liability to which it applies, the County's personnel-related costs, reasonable attorney's fees, court costs and all other claim-related expenses. The Contractor's indemnification shall specifically include all claims for loss liability because of wrongful payments under the Uniform Commercial Code, or other statutory or contractual liens or rights or third parties, including taxes, accrued or accruing as a result of this contract or work performed or materials furnished directly or indirectly because of this contract. Contractor further agrees that this duty to indemnify County applies regardless of any provisions in RCW Title 51 to the contrary, including but not limited to any immunity of Contractor for liability for injuries to Contractor's workers and employees, and Contractor hereby waives any such immunity for the purpose of this duty to indemnify County.

1.6.

TERMINATION This Agreement may be terminated, in whole or in part, under the following conditions: 1) by mutual written agreement; 2) by the County for breach of the Contractor of any of the obligations or requirements set forth in the contract documents (in this situation, the County retains the option to require the Contractor to assume liability for any and all damages, including the excess of re-procuring similar products or services); 3) for the convenience of the County; or 4) by the County for non-appropriation of funds.

1.7.

MAINTENANCE OF RECORDS The Contractor will maintain, for at least six (6) years after completion of this contract, all relevant records pertaining to this contract. The Contractor shall make available to the County or the Washington State Auditor or their duly authorized representatives, at any time during their normal operating hours, all records, books or pertinent information which the Contractor shall have kept in conjunction with this Agreement and which the County may be required by law to include or make part of its auditing procedures, an audit trail or which may be required for the purpose of funding the services contracted for herein.

1.8.

VENUE STIPULATION This Agreement has and shall be construed as having been made and delivered in the State of Washington, and the laws of the State of Washington shall be applicable to its construction and enforcement. Any action at law, suit in equity or judicial proceeding for the enforcement of this Agreement or any provisions hereto shall be instituted only in courts of competent jurisdiction within Cowlitz County, Washington, unless relocation or commencement elsewhere is required by law.

1.9.

COMPLIANCE WITH LAWS The Contractor in the performance of this Agreement agrees to comply with all applicable federal, state and local laws, ordinances and regulations including but not limited to those pertaining to civil rights. The Contractor may not, without the prior written approval of the County, assign, sublet or transfer in whole or in part his interest in this Agreement.

1.10. RECOVERY OF FUNDS Whenever, under the Agreement, any sum of money shall be recoverable from or payable by the Contractor to Cowlitz County the same amount may be deducted from any sum due to the Contractor under the Agreement or under any other agreement between the contractor and Cowlitz County. The rights of Cowlitz County are in addition and without prejudice to any other right Cowlitz County may have to claim the amount of any loss or damage suffered by Cowlitz County on account of the acts or omissions of the Contractor. 1.11. ENFORCEMENT COSTS If any legal action or other proceeding is brought for the enforcement of this Agreement, or because of an alleged dispute, breach, default or misrepresentation in connection with any provisions of this Agreement, the successful or prevailing party or parties shall be entitled to recover reasonable attorney's fees, court costs, and all expenses (including taxes) even if not taxable as court costs (including, without limitation, all such fees, costs, and expenses incident to appeals), incurred in that action or proceeding, in addition to any other relief to which such party or parties may be entitled. 1.12. ANTI-KICKBACK No officer or employee of the County, having the power or duty to perform an official act or action related to this Agreement, shall have or acquire any interest in this agreement, or have solicited, accepted or granted a present or future gift, favor, service, or other thing of value from or to any person involved in this Agreement. 1.13. WAIVER No officer, employee, agent or otherwise of the COUNTY has the power, right or authority to waive any of the conditions or provisions to this Agreement. No waiver of any breach of this Agreement shall be held to be a waiver of any other or subsequent breach. All remedies afforded in this Agreement or at law shall be taken and construed as cumulative, that is, in addition to every other remedy provided herein or by law. Failure of the COUNTY to enforce at any time any of the provisions of this Agreement or to require at any time performance by CONTRACTOR of any provision hereof, shall in no way be construed to be a waiver of such provisions, nor in any way affect the validity of this Agreement or any part hereof, or the right of the COUNTY to hereafter enforce each and every such provision. 1.14. SURVIVAL Without being exclusive, the Article for Indemnification and the Article for Venue Stipulation of this Agreement shall survive any termination, expiration or determination of invalidity of this Agreement in whole or in part. Any other Articles of this Agreement which, by their sense and context, are intended to survive shall also survive. 1.15. EXECUTION AND VALIDITY Execution of this Agreement constitutes the valid and binding obligation of Contractor, enforceable against it in accordance with the terms of the Agreement. The Parties warrant that the officers/individuals executing below have been duly authorized to act for and on behalf of the Party for purposes of confirming this Agreement. 1.16. ENTIRE AGREEMENT This Participating Addendum and the Master Contract (including all amendments and attachments thereto) constitute the entire agreement between the parties concerning the subject matter of this Participating Addendum and replaces any prior oral or written communications between the parties, all of which are excluded. There are no conditions, understandings, agreements, representations, or warranties, expressed or implied, that are not specified herein. This Participating Addendum may be modified only by a written document executed by the parties hereto. IN WITNESS WHEREOF, Cowlitz County and Contractor have executed this Participating Addendum as of the date of execution by both parties below.

{Signatures on Following Page}

CONTRACTOR

BOARD OF COMMIMSSIONERS OF COWLITZ COUNTY, WASHINGTON

Signature

Richard R. Dahl, Chairman

Print Name

Steven L. Ferrell, Commissioner

Title

Steve Rader, Commissioner

Date ATTEST: _______________________________________________ Kelly Grayson, Clerk of the Board

r4CompuNet

Kaelah

Brinkerhoff

385- 232- 3559 kbrinkerhoff@compunet.

Quote#:

biz

KB293827

Crowdstrike Renewal Contract Information All, OMNIA,

R250302(

CNET)

Quote Information:

Prepared for:

Bill To:

Ship To:

Cowlitz County

Quote#:

KB293827

Cowlitz County

Version:

Mac McKoy

Quote

Date: 06/ 03/ 2026

Expiration Date: 06/ 01/ 2026

McKoyM@cowlitzwa. gov

Ridge Moss

Mac McKoy

207 N 4th Ave

Suite 307

Kelso, WA 98626

Kelso, WA

98626

Mossr@cowlitzwa. gov

Software

Pro Details List Price Price Ext. Price Qty

Part Number

Falcon Complete with Threat Graph Standard

888

244. 47

81. 93

888

0. 00

888

0. 00

888

0. 00

888

0. 00

888

0. 00

888

0. 00

15, 000. 00

72, 753. 84

on Gov Cloud

Term: Aug 13, 2026 - Aug 12, 2027 CS. INSIGHTB. SOLN

Insight

Term: Aug 13, 2026 - Aug 12, 2027 CS. PREVENTB. SOLN

Prevent

Term: Aug 13, 2026 - Aug 12, 2027 CS. DISCB. SOLN

Discover

Term: Aug 13, 2026 - Aug 12, 2027 CS. FALCOMPSGOV. SVC

Falcon Complete Subscription

Gov

Cloud

Term: Aug 13, 2026 - Aug 12, 2027 CS. AOW. SVC

Falcon Adversary

OverWatch

Endpoint

Term: Aug 13, 2026 - Aug 12, 2027 CS. TG. STD. GOV

Threat Graph Standard

GovCloud

Term: Aug 13, 2026 - Aug 12, 2027 CS. FALCOMPONBC.

Falcon Complete:

Complimentary

CID

Term: Aug 13, 2026 - Aug 12, 2027 RR. HOS. ENT. ESTL

Essential

Support

13, 950. 00

Subtotal:

86, 703. 84

Term: Aug 13, 2026 - Aug 12, 2027

r4CompuNet

Kaelah

Brinkerhoff

385- 232- 3559 kbrinkerhoff@compunet.

Quote#:

biz

KB293827

Quote Summary Description Software

86, 703. 84 Total: )

86, 703. 84

Taxes, shipping, handling and other fees may apply. We reserve the right to cancel any order arising from pricing or other errors. If Customer is purchasing a subscription- based product, Customer agrees to pay all charges for the complete term of the subscription. By signing below or issuing a Purchase Order, Customer agrees to CompuNet' s standard terms and conditions, which can be reviewed https://compunet.biz/t https:// compunet. biz/ terms-hhtt and-hhttps://c conditions/,

provided, that if Customer and CompuNet

are parties to a

currently effective Master Product Purchase and Services Agreement ( MSA), the terms and conditions of such MSA shall control erms-and-conditions/ tps: tompunet and shall supersede these standard terms and conditions. Your electronic signature, per the Electronic Signature Act, is t//c t.biz/term considered equivalent to your signed and faxed signature, and allows you to accept and place your order. This Quote becomes po ps-andbinding and noncancelable upon Customer' s return to CompuNet of acceptance. A copy of this acceptance and the attached sm sconditio proposal document will be sent to your email address to complete your order acceptance. You are NOT required to electronically pu :ns/ to your Account Executive. sign your order, you may fax or email your signed :proposal

/ne / /t.bi / cz/t c oer o m ms m p- p uan u nd- n eco e tndi t .tio . bns/ b i i z z / / t t e e r r m m s s - a a n n d d - c c o o n n d d i i t t i i o o n n

Cowlitz County

Signature:

Name:

Title:

Date:

PO Number:

help@compunet.

biz

7/ 28/ 26, 1: 28 PM

SBAR

Communication

Form

Situation- Background-

Assessment- Recommendation

SBAR)

SBAR For questions about or assistance with this form, please contact the Clerk of the Board.

Request Source*

Internal ( County Depts) External

Prepared

by:*

McKoy, Mirchelle

Prepared

mckoym@cowlitzwa.

gov

Email:*

Department*

Information Technology Department

Date*

8/ 4/ 2026

Open Public

Yes

Meeting Discussion

No Other

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true

1/ 8

7/ 28/ 26, 1: 28 PM

Situation

SBAR

Communication

Form

Page

Situation What is being requested and by whom? Requested

Approval

Action/ Decision

Authorization Direction Acceptance Other

Does

this request

Yes

have a financial

impact?*

Brief Description of CrowdStrike provides the County' s endpoint cybersecurity protection, threat Request

visibility, continuous monitoring, and managed threat- response capabilities. The renewal includes: Falcon

Complete

with Threat Graph Standard

CrowdStrike

Insight

CrowdStrike

Prevent

CrowdStrike

Discover

on GovCloud

Falcon Adversary OverWatch Endpoint Falcon

Complete

Essential

GovCloud

subscription

Support

The quote provides coverage for 888 endpoints for the one- year subscription term.

Total Requested

94, 247. 07

Dollar Amount:*

Time

The current subscription

must be renewed

Sensitivity/ Deadline before August 13, 2026, to avoid a lapse in endpoint security coverage.

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true

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7/ 28/ 26, 1: 28 PM

SBAR

Background

Communication

Form

Page

Background Essential context only)

Relevent history or CrowdStrike is an existing component of the County' s cybersecurity prior Board action: program and is deployed across County computers and servers. It provides centralized endpoint protection and monitoring for systems used by administrative departments, courts, public safety, and other County operations.

The renewal maintains the County' s existing security platform rather than introducing a new system. Continuing with the current platform avoids the operational risk and staff effort associated with replacing endpoint agents, rebuilding security policies, retraining staff, and transitioning incident- response processes immediately before the existing

subscription

expires.

The quote includes 888 endpoint licenses. Information Technology should validate the final device count before issuing the purchase order to ensure that the County is paying for an appropriate number of licenses.

Legal, regulatory, or

policy

considerations ( applicable):

The quote refers to an OMNIA cooperative purchasing contract. Procurement should confirm that the County is authorized to use the identified contract and that the pricing and contract terms comply with County purchasing requirements. The quote also states that acceptance becomes binding and non-

cancelable and that CompuNet' s standard terms apply unless an effective master agreement

supersedes

them. Legal and Procurement

should confirm the controlling contract terms before Prior budget direction

constraints:

This is the annual cybersecurity software and service renewal. Funding should be charged to the Information Technology software or cybersecurity operating budget, subject to confirmation of the correct fund and account code.

https:// adm- If- web. cowl itz. local/ Forms/ form/ sub miss ion/ history/ 231408/ 412836? hide Head er= true& showlnstanceDetai

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3/ 8

7/ 28/ 26, 1: 28 PM

Assessment

SBAR

Communication

Form

Page

Assessment Analysis, risks, and impacts.)

Operational /

Public Approving the renewal will maintain continuous endpoint cybersecurity protection across County systems. It will allow Information Technology to continue centrally Safety / Service Impact:

monitoring endpoints, investigating suspicious activity, and responding to potential security incidents.

A lapse in coverage could reduce the County' s ability to detect or contain malicious activity affecting computers, servers, County data, and public- facing services. Financial Impact:

Impact to fund blalance or program The

quoted

annual cost is $ 86, 703. 84 before applicable taxes and

fees. The renewal is a recurring operational expense and should be anticipated in future Information Technology budgets. The quote contains two directly priced components: Falcon

Complete

with Threat Graph Standard

on GovCloud:

72, 753. 84 Essential

Support: $ 13, 950. 00

The remaining listed capabilities are included within the subscription at no additional line- item charge.

Future

budget

The price will increase YoY from 5% to 8%.

implications ( if any):

Risks

of not

approving the

Failure

to approve

the renewal

Loss or reduction

before

the current

of endpoint threat detection

term ends could and response

result in:

capabilities

request:

Loss of managed security monitoring and threat- hunting support Increased

reliance

on limited

internal

IT resources

for incident

detection

and

response

Increased exposure to ransomware, malware, credential theft, and unauthorized

access

Potential disruption to County operations and public services Additional cost and implementation risk from an emergency replacement procurement

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7/ 28/ 26, 1: 28 PM

SBAR

Recommendation

Communication

Form

Page

Recommendation Specific action requested)

Staff Recommends that the Board of

County Commissioners:

Recommendations

Approve:

Deny: Modify: Provide Direction to:

Staff recommends that the Board of County Commissioners: Approve the one- year renewal of CrowdStrike Falcon Complete on Government Cloud for 888 endpoints for the period of August 13, 2026, through August 12, 2027, at a quoted subtotal of$ 86, 703. 84, plus applicable

sales

tax, for an estimated

total not to exceed $ 94, 247. 07,

subject to:

Receipt of a corrected and valid vendor quote Verification of the final license quantity Confirmation

of the applicable

Procurement

and legal review of the cooperative

tax rate contract

and

controlling terms

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SBAR

Communication

Form

Budget Source Details Page

Budget Source Details Required

Budget

for Financial

Status:

Requests)

Budgeted Unbudgeted

Partially Budgeted Department /

Information Technology

Program

Account / Line Item

Computer Software Fund: 50201

if applicable):

Funding Source:

Existing Appropriation Fund Balance

Contingency Grant Other

Budget

Yes

Amendment

Required?

Other

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6/ 8

7/ 28/ 26, 1: 28 PM

SBAR

Communication

Form

Alternatives Considered Page Alternatives Considered Optional)

Alternative

Do not renew: Not recommended

because it would create a gap in the County' s

endpoint cybersecurity protection and managed response capabilities. Replace CrowdStrike with another product: Not recommended within the current

renewal

window. A replacement

would

require

a competitive

evaluation,

procurement, technical implementation, endpoint agent replacement, policy

configuration, testing, and staff training. Reduce the number of licenses: Information Technology should validate the device inventory and request revised pricing if fewer than 888 licenses are required.

Alternative 2

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7/ 8

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Attachments

SBAR

Communication

Form

Page

Attachments File Upload

Fi Contract i Resolution/ Ordinance i Budget Amendment

i Map/ Plan/ Report 6 Other

Quote- - Quoted

subtotal: $ 86, 703. 84 - Estimated sales tax at

8. 7%: $ 7, 543. 23 - Estimated total: $ 94, 247. 07

Other

Cowlitz County.Crowd strike Renewal. KB293827. v2. 6. pdf 215. 99KB

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8/ 8

232052

BOCC

Motion

Item

Agenda

Meeting Date: 8/ 11/ 2026 Consolidated Two- Year Oracle and PeopleSoft Software Update License and Support through Mythics, LLC for

PeopleSoft Licensing and Maintenance Input bl Submitted By: Pervie Nancy Reed, Administrative Assistant III Submitted For: Mirchelle McKoy, IT Director Department:

Information

Technology

Information

Subject and Summary Statement Consolidated

Two- Year Oracle and PeopleSoft

Software Update License and Support through Mythics,

LLC for PeopleSoft Licensing and Maintenance until August 31, 2028. The total annual cost is

130,441. 48 and not to exceed the total two-year cost of$260,882. 96. Staff Attendance

Mirchelle McKoy Department

Recommendation

Approve a consolidated two- year Oracle and PeopleSoft Software Update License and Support renewal

through Mythics, LLC, for the period of September 1, 2026, through August 31, 2028, in an amount not to exceed $ 260, 882. 96, including estimated sales tax.

The approval should authorize annual payments of up to $ 130,441. 48, subject to: Annual budget appropriation Verification of the applicable sales- tax rate

Confirmation of the final license quantities Legal and Procurement review

Written confirmation that second- year pricing will not cause the total agreement to exceed 260, 882. 96

Form

User

Task

Reed, Pervie

Agenda

Reed, Pervie

Department

Item

Review

Action

Timestamp

Submission

Submit

8/ 5/ 2026

Approver

Approve

8/ 5/ 2026 2: 14: 00 PM

Approve

8/ 5/ 2026 2: 16: 00 PM

2: 09: 00 PM

Review

Reed, Pervie

Clerk of the Board Review

Approved:

232052

BOARD

Motion

OF COUNTY

OF COWLITZ

COMMISSIONERS

COUNTY,

WASHINGTON

Richard R. Dahl, Chairman

Steve

Rader,

Commissioner

Steven L. Ferrell, Commissioner

Attest:

Clerk of the Board

Item

PARTICIPATING ADDENDUM For Region 4 Education Service Center Contract No. R240202 with Mythics LLC PARTIES COUNTY: Cowlitz County Washington C/O Information Technology 207 N 4th Ave, Room 307 Kelso, WA 98626 Contract Facilitator: Mac McKoy Phone: 360-577-3024 ext. 6733 Email: McKoyM@cowlitzwa.gov

CONTRACTOR: Mythics LLC 4525 Main St, Suite 1500 Virginia Beach, VA 23462 Contact: Phone: Email:

This Participating Addendum (hereinafter called “Addendum” or “Agreement”) covers Master Contract No. R240202 led by Region 4 Education Service Center (the “Master Contract”) for purchase of Oracle Products and services to Region 4 Education Service Center and the entities eligible to access OMNIA Partners cooperative purchasing contracts (Participating Entities). Cowlitz County is an eligible participating entity because it has a cooperative purchasing agreement with OMNIA Partners. This Addendum constitutes and shall be construed as a separate, independent agreement between Cowlitz County and the Contractor, subject to the following: (i) this Addendum shall be governed by the Master Contract, and the terms in the Master Contract are hereby incorporated into this Addendum; (ii) the Addendum (including any purchase order documents pursuant to the Addendum) may not alter or conflict with the terms of the Master Contract except as expressly identified and agreed to herein, nor may it exceed the scope of the work provided for in the Master Contract; and (iii) the term of the Addendum may not extend beyond the expiration date of the Master Contract. The Addendum and the Master Contract shall take precedence over any terms and conditions included on Contractor’s quote, invoice, or similar document. The Master Contract, as hereafter modified, is incorporated into this Addendum as if set forth at length. The parties do mutually agree to modify or add to the Master Contract as provided below. The below terms act to supersede or modify any conflicting terms or language in the Master Contract. 1.1.

1.2.

COMPENSATION, PRODUCT AND SERVICES The Contractor shall provide Oracle products, services, or deliverables as specified in the Contract Documents, for a total amount not to exceed eighty-six thousand seven hundred three dollars and eighty-four cents ($86,703.84) plus applicable taxes to be paid at the time of invoicing. The County agrees to pay the Contractor for said product and deliverables as specified in the Contract Documents, as defined below. In addition to the initial subscription term, the County may, at its sole discretion, authorize the renewal of the license(s) on an annual basis, subject to availability of funds, continued applicability of OMNIA Contract No. R240202, and issuance of a new purchase order or amendment. Compensation for any renewal term shall be based on the then-current pricing provided under the cooperative agreement or mutually agreed upon renewal pricing and shall be invoiced annually upon renewal.

1.3.

1. 2. 3. 4.

Purchase/Change Orders; and The Master Contract (Region 4 ESC Contract R240202); and Addenda; and Mythics Proposal #KB293827 dated June 3, 2026.

1.4.

1.5.

1.6.

1.7.

1.8.

believes any such record is exempt from disclosure or otherwise protected, the Contractor may, at its own expense, seek judicial protection. The Contractor shall indemnify, defend, and hold harmless the County from all costs, including attorneys' fees, arising from any claim or litigation related to a Public Records Act request for which the Contractor possesses responsive records and has withheld those records, withheld information contained in those records, or failed to provide those records to the County in a timely manner. Unless protected by court order, the Contractor shall timely provide the County all records responsive to a Public Records Act request for distribution. This section survives expiration or termination of the Agreement. 1.9.

1.10. COMPLIANCE WITH LAWS The Contractor in the performance of this Agreement agrees to comply with all applicable federal, state and local laws, ordinances and regulations including but not limited to those pertaining to civil rights. The Contractor may not, without the prior written approval of the County, assign, sublet or transfer in whole or in part his interest in this Agreement. 1.11. RECOVERY OF FUNDS Whenever, under the Agreement, any sum of money shall be recoverable from or payable by the Contractor to Cowlitz County the same amount may be deducted from any sum due to the Contractor under the Agreement or under any other agreement between the contractor and Cowlitz County. The rights of Cowlitz County are in addition and without prejudice to any other right Cowlitz County may have to claim the amount of any loss or damage suffered by Cowlitz County on account of the acts or omissions of the Contractor. 1.12. ENFORCEMENT COSTS If any legal action or other proceeding is brought for the enforcement of this Agreement, or because of an alleged dispute, breach, default or misrepresentation in connection with any provisions of this Agreement, the successful or prevailing party or parties shall be entitled to recover reasonable attorney's fees, court costs, and all expenses (including taxes) even if not taxable as court costs (including, without limitation, all such fees, costs, and expenses incident to appeals), incurred in that action or proceeding, in addition to any other relief to which such party or parties may be entitled. 1.13. ANTI-KICKBACK No officer or employee of the County, having the power or duty to perform an official act or action related to this Agreement, shall have or acquire any interest in this agreement, or have solicited, accepted or granted a present or future gift, favor, service, or other thing of value from or to any person involved in this Agreement. 1.14. WAIVER No officer, employee, agent or otherwise of the County has the power, right or authority to waive any of the conditions or provisions to this Agreement. No waiver of any breach of this Agreement shall be held to be a waiver of any other or subsequent breach. All remedies afforded in this Agreement or at law shall be taken and construed as cumulative, that is, in addition to every other remedy provided herein or by law. Failure of the County to enforce at any time any of the provisions of this Agreement or to require at any time performance by Contractor of any provision hereof, shall in no way be construed to be a waiver of such provisions, nor in any way affect the validity of this Agreement or any part hereof, or the right of the County to hereafter enforce each and every such provision. 1.15. SURVIVAL Without being exclusive, the Article for Indemnification and the Article for Venue Stipulation of this Agreement shall survive any termination, expiration or determination of invalidity of this Agreement in whole or in part. Any other Articles of this Agreement which, by their sense and context, are intended to survive shall also survive. 1.16. INSURANCE Contractor shall maintain insurance coverage as required under the Master Agreement. Contractor shall not commence work, nor shall the Contractor allow any subcontractor to commence work on any subcontract until a Certificate of Insurance meeting the requirements set forth in the Master Agreement has been approved by Cowlitz County Risk Management Department and filed with the department with whom the contract is executed. Upon request, the Contractor shall forward to the Cowlitz County Risk Management Department the original policy, or endorsement obtained, to the Contractor’s policy currently in force. Failure of the Contractor to fully comply with the insurance requirements set forth in the Master Agreement, during the term of the Agreement, shall be considered a material breach of contract and cause for immediate termination of this Agreement at the County’s discretion.

1.17. EXECUTION AND VALIDITY Execution of this Agreement constitutes the valid and binding obligation of Contractor, enforceable against it in accordance with the terms of the Agreement. The Parties warrant that the officers/individuals executing below have been duly authorized to act for and on behalf of the Party for purposes of confirming this Agreement. 1.18. ENTIRE AGREEMENT This Participating Addendum and the Master Contract (including all amendments and attachments thereto) constitute the entire agreement between the parties concerning the subject matter of this Participating Addendum and replaces any prior oral or written communications between the parties, all of which are excluded. There are no conditions, understandings, agreements, representations, or warranties, expressed or implied, that are not specified herein. This Participating Addendum may be modified only by a written document executed by the parties hereto. IN WITNESS WHEREOF, Cowlitz County and Contractor have executed this Participating Addendum as of the date of execution by both parties below.

CONTRACTOR

BOARD OF COMMIMSSIONERS OF COWLITZ COUNTY, WASHINGTON

Signature

Richard R. Dahl, Chairman

Print Name

Steven L. Ferrell, Commissioner

Title

Steve Rader, Commissioner

Date ATTEST: _______________________________________________ Kelly Grayson, Clerk of the Board

Board of County Commissioners

Information Technology

O4VX,[ COIJ,

207 Fourth Kelso,

Steve

Ave. North

WA 98626

TEL ( 360) 577- 3024

District

Steven

Rader Ferrell

District

Richard

R. Dahl

District

FAX ( 360) 423- 9987 www. co. cowlitz. wa. us

QSHING" C

Mythics,

LLC

4525 Main Street, Suite 1500 Virginia

Beach, VA 23462

RE: Region awarded

4 Education

to Mythics,

VIA ELECTRONIC

Service

Center Contract

LLC and administered

No. R240202

through

OMNIA

for Oracle Products

TRANSMISSION

ONLY

and Services,

Partners

This letter, together with the signatures below, memorializes the parties' mutual understanding regarding a

Participating Addendum for Cowlitz County, as a Participating Entity, under the Region 4 Education Service Center Master Contract No. R240202 for Oracle Products and Related Services, hosted by OMNIA Partners. The parties agree as follows: Record Maintenance: Mythics shall maintain accounts and records that accurately reflect all direct and indirect costs incurred and Work performed in connection with this Agreement. Mythics shall retain those records for the

period required by applicable records- retention laws and Washington Secretary of State guidelines, but in no event for less than six years after termination of this Agreement. Mythics shall provide the County access to, and

copies of, records relating to this Agreement as the County may require to audit expenditures and charges or comply with the Washington State Public Records Act ( chapter 42. 56 RCW). This section survives expiration or termination

of the Agreement.

Public Records Compliance: Washington

To the full extent the County determines necessary to comply with the

State Public Records Act ( chapter 42. 56 RCW), Mythics shall conduct a diligent search of all

records in its possession or control relating to this Agreement or the Work, including, without limitation, email, correspondence, notes, saved voicemail messages, recordings, photographs, and drawings, and shall provide those records to the County for production. If Mythics believes any such record is exempt from disclosure or otherwise protected, Mythics may, at its own expense, seek judicial protection. Mythics shall indemnify, defend, and hold harmless the County from all costs, including attorneys' fees, arising from any claim or litigation related to a Public Records Act request for which Mythics possesses responsive records and has withheld those records, withheld information contained in those records, or failed to provide those records to the County in a timely manner. Unless protected by court order, Mythics shall timely provide the County all records responsive to a Public Records Act request for distribution.

This section

survives

expiration

or termination

of the Agreement.

Indemnification: Mythics shall release, indemnify, defend, and hold harmless the County and its elected officials, employees, officers, representatives, and volunteers from and against any and all claims, demands, actions, suits, causes of action, proceedings, judgments, awards, injuries, damages, liabilities, taxes, losses, fines, fees, penalties, expenses, reasonable attorneys' fees, costs, and reasonable litigation expenses asserted by any person or entity and arising out of, resulting from, or relating to Mythics' s negligent acts, errors, or

omissions in performing this Agreement or Mythics' s breach of this Agreement, except to the extent caused by the County' s sole negligence. Jurisdiction and Venue: Any lawsuit or legal action brought by either party to enforce or interpret any agreement between the parties, or any term or covenant thereof, shall be brought in the Superior Court of the State of Washington for Cowlitz County or, where federal jurisdiction applies, in the United States District Court for the Western

District of Washington.

Page 1 of 2

Cowlitz County Information

Technology

I Mythics,

LLC Agreement

Disputes and Appeals: The County' s Information Technology Department ( IT) shall act as the County' s

representative for disputes arising under this Agreement. Any dispute- related document, notice, or correspondence not issued by or directed to IT or another authorized County representative is void unless otherwise stated in the applicable Statement of Work ( SOW). If Mythics disagrees with any document, notice, or correspondence issued by IT or another authorized County representative, Mythics must submit written notice to IT within twenty ( 20) calendar days after receipt. The notice must identify and explain each point of

disagreement in detail. If the matter is not resolved to Mythics' s satisfaction, Mythics may submit a written Notice of Appeal to the Board of County Commissioners through IT within twenty ( 20) calendar days after receiving the County' s response. Mythics shall then have the right to be heard by the Board of County Commissioners.

This Agreement and all purchases made hereunder are entered into pursuant to Region 4 Education Service

Center Contract

No. R240202

for Oracle Products

and Services,

awarded

to Mythics,

LLC and

administered

through OMNIA Partners (" Cooperative Contract"). The applicable provisions of the Cooperative Contract, including its solicitation, award, pricing, supplier response, and applicable Oracle enduser terms, are incorporated into this Agreement by reference as though fully set forth herein. A copy of the

Cooperative Contract shall be maintained in the County' s procurement file. Incorporation of the Cooperative Contract is limited to those provisions applicable to the products and

services purchased by Cowlitz County. Nothing incorporated by reference shall waive, supersede, or modify any requirement imposed by Washington law or any expressly negotiated term contained in this Agreement. Mythics, LLC represents that the products and services provided under this Agreement are within the scope of Cooperative Contract No. R240202 and that the pricing charged to the County will not exceed the pricing permitted under the Cooperative Contract

This mutual understanding regarding the interpretation, clarification, and supplementation of the agreement

does not alter the remaining language or intent of the parties with respect to the agreement. The remaining provisions of the agreement shall remain in full force and effect unless amended by mutual written agreement of the parties. Respectfully, Mac

McKoy

Director, Information

MYTHICS,

LLC

Authorized

Signature

Technology7

Printed Name and Title Date

Digitally signed by Mirchelle McKoy, Director of IT OU= IT Department,== Cowlitz County, irchelle McKoy, Director of IT", E= mckoym@cowlitzwa. gov Reason: I agree to the terms defined by the placement of my signature in this document Location: Cowlitz County, Kelso WA

M i rc h e I l e M c KoyMc Director of IT

Date: 2026. 07. 2811: 14: 51- 07' 00' Foxit PDF Editor Version: 13. 0. 1

T. Sr. fi T.

Scott

Davis

sr.

7/ 28/ 2026

Page 2 of 2

Director

Partner

contracts

gov

7/ 28/ 26, 1: 10 PM

SBAR

Communication

Form

Situation- Background-

Assessment- Recommendation

SBAR)

SBAR For questions about or assistance with this form, please contact the Clerk of the Board.

Request Source*

Internal ( County Depts) External

Prepared

by:*

McKoy, Mirchelle

Prepared

mckoym@cowlitzwa.

gov

Email:*

Department*

Information Technology Department

Date*

7/ 28/ 2026

Open Public

Yes

Meeting Discussion

No Other

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Situation

SBAR

Communication

Form

Page

Situation What is being requested and by whom? Requested

Approval

Action/ Decision

Authorization Direction Acceptance Other

Does

this request

Yes

have a financial

impact?*

Brief Description

Peoplesoft License Renewal

Request

Total Requested

260, 882. 96

Dollar Amount:*

Time

Renewal date is 9/ 1/ 2026

Sensitivity/ Deadline

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SBAR

Background

Communication

Form

Page

Background Essential context only)

Relevent history or

On September 5, 2023 the Cowlitz County Commissioners signed a three- year

prior Board

agreement with Oracle Products and Related Services hosted by OMNIA

action:

Partners, Mythics, LLC to provide PeopleSoft Licensing and Maintenance. Legal, regulatory,

Legal and Procurement should verify the controlling cooperative contract,

purchase- order language, and second- year pricing before execution.

policy

considerations (

applicable):

Prior

budget

direction

constraints:

Prior years covered the following PeopleSoft modules used by the County;

Financials, Project Costing, Purchasing, Interaction Hub, Benefits Administration, Human Resources, 2023 Renewal

Time & Labor, Payroll and Microfocus

Cobol.

WA State Sales Tax $ 104, 738. 87

2024 Renewal w/ WA State Sales Tax $ 108, 925. 49 2025 Renewal

w/ WA

State Sales Tax $ 113, 282. 14

Total Contract w/ WA State Sales Tax$ 326, 946. 50

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SBAR

Assessment

Communication

Form

Page

Assessment Analysis, risks, and impacts.)

Operational /

Public Oracle and PeopleSoft support is required to maintain the County' s ability to receive: Safety / Service Impact: Product updates and fixes Payroll

and tax- related

updates

Security patches Technical

support

Regulatory and statutory updates Access to Oracle support resources Assistance

with application

and database

incidents

PeopleSoft supports business processes that affect nearly every County department and employee. A loss of support would increase the risk of prolonged outages, unresolved software defects, payroll- processing problems, security vulnerabilities,

Financial Impact:

and additional consulting expenses.

Impact to fund blalance or program The consolidated tax rate

annual cost before tax is $ 120, 001. 36. At an estimated sales-

of 8. 7%, the annual cost is $ 130, 441. 48.

The proposed two- year authorization Support

costs: $

Estimated

is:

240, 002. 72

tax: $ 20, 880. 24

Two- year total: $ 260, 882. 96 The vendor terms state that applicable

state taxes will be added and that option-

year pricing may be adjusted because of Oracle pricing changes or surcharges. Accordingly, the County should obtain written confirmation that the second- year cost will not exceed the authorized annual amount. Any increase that would cause the agreement to exceed the approved two- year amount should require additional

Future budget implications (

any):

authorization.

The previous contract was for 3 years.

This new agreement was negotiated for 2

years. The County need to have the flexibility to pivot from the Peoplesoft platform as a contingency and not be limited to just Peoplesoft expenditures.

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7/ 28/ 26, 1: 10 PM

Risks of not

approving the

SBAR Communication

Form

Failure to renew the support agreement could result in:

Loss of access to Oracle technical support

request:

Loss of security and application updates Increased cybersecurity exposure Delays in resolving payroll or financial- system incidents Increased dependence on third- party consultants Potential disruption to payroll, purchasing, accounting, and human- resource operations

Increased cost to restore support after a lapse

Reduced ability to maintain a supported PeopleSoft environment

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true

5/ 9

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SBAR

Recommendation

Communication

Form

Page

Recommendation Specific action requested)

Staff Recommends that the Board of

County Commissioners:

Recommendations

Approve:

Deny: Modify: Provide Direction to:

Approve a consolidated two- year Oracle and PeopleSoft Software Update License and Support renewal through Mythics, LLC, for the period of September 1, 2026, through August 31,

2028, in an amount not to exceed $ 260, 882. 96,

including estimated sales tax. The approval should authorize annual payments of up to $ 130, 441. 48, subject to: Annual

budget appropriation

Verification

of the applicable

sales- tax rate

Confirmation of the final license quantities Legal and Procurement

review

Written confirmation that second- year pricing will not cause the total agreement to exceed $ 260, 882. 96

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SBAR

Communication

Form

Budget Source Details Page

Budget Source Details Required

Budget

for Financial

Status:

Requests)

Budgeted Unbudgeted

Partially Budgeted Department /

Information Technology

Program

Account / Line Item

OpEx Software: 50201

if applicable):

Funding Source:

Existing Appropriation Fund Balance

Contingency Grant Other

Budget

Yes

Amendment

Required?

Other

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SBAR Communication

Alternatives

Considered

Form

Page

Alternatives Considered Optional)

Alternative

None

Alternative 2

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adm- If- web. cowlitz. local/

Forms/ form/ submission/ history/ 231529/ 413031?

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Attachments

SBAR Communication

Form

Page

Attachments File Upload

Contract Resolution/ Ordinance Budget Amendment

Map/ Plan/ Report Other

Other

https://

adm- If- web. cowlitz. local/

Quote

and Mythics Agreement

Signed_ Here is your signed document

Forms/ form/ submission/ history/ 231529/ 413031?

Mythics Peopl...

224. 62KB

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9/ 9

Motion

232065

BOCC

Item

Agenda

Meeting Date: 8/ 11/ 2026 12- Month Agreement with BGSF Professional, LLC for PeopleSoft Managed Services Support beginning August 20, 2026.

Submitted By: Pervie Nancy Reed, Administrative Assistant III Submitted For: Mirchelle McKoy, IT Director Department:

Information

Technology

Information

Subject and Summary Statement 12- Month Agreement

with BGSF Professional,

LLC for PeopleSoft

Managed

Services

Support

beginning August 20, 2026. The annual not-to- exceed cost is $ 225, 000. Staff Attendance

Mirchelle McKoy Department

Recommendation

Authorize the Information Technology Department to proceed with the BGSF Professional, LLC PeopleSoft Managed Services SOW for a 12- month term beginning August 20, 2026, for an annual

amount not to exceed$ 225, 000, subject to completion of the contractual, security, legal, procurement, and operational conditions identified in this SBAR.

Final execution should be contingent upon completion of the following: 1.

Complete

Clearly define the distinction between included PUM/ CPU coordination and excluded PUM

or remove

the incomplete

Section 13. 1, "

Included Services."

implementation services. 3.

Define responsibility boundaries for PeopleSoft infrastructure, system administration, database administration, middleware, operating systems, and disaster recovery.

Confirm that recurring governance and reporting obligations do not consume the County' s 1, 500 managed services hours.

Establish monthly capacity reporting and notification

thresholds at 50%, 75%, and 90%

utilization.

Require advance written approval for all overages,

travel, change orders, and additional

charges.

Define SLA clock- start, clock- stop, pause, escalation, restoration, and closure requirements.

Establish a defined County review period for material deliverables.

Require correction of rejected deliverables at no additional cost.

10.

Confirm ownership and timely delivery of all County- developed SOPs, runbooks, dashboards, configurations, reports, and transition documentation.

11.

Confirm minimum consultant availability and an escalation process when named personnel are unavailable.

12.

Complete Legal, Procurement, Risk, Information Security, insurance, confidentiality, publicrecords,

data- protection,

indemnification, and limitation- of-liability

reviews.

232065

13.

Motion

Conduct formal 30- day, 60- day, and 90- day performance and capacity reviews before moving into steady- state operations.

14.

Require a written transition and operational- readiness plan, including knowledge- transfer milestones and County acceptance before steady- state support begins.

Form

User

Task

Reed, Pervie

Agenda

Reed, Pervie

Department

Item Submission Approver

Review

Action

Timestamp

Submit

8/ 5/ 2026

3: 24: 00 PM

Approve

8/ 5/ 2026

3: 30: 00 PM

Approve

8/ 5/ 2026

3: 32: 00 PM

Review

Reed, Pervie

Clerk of the Board Review

Approved: BOARD OF COUNTY COMMISSIONERS OF COWLITZ

COUNTY,

WASHINGTON

Richard R. Dahl, Chairman

Steve

Item

Rader,

Commissioner

Steven L. Ferrell, Commissioner

Attest:

Clerk of the Board

PARTICIPATING ADDENDUM For Houston-Galveston Area Council (H-GAC) Contract No. TS06-25 with BGSF, Inc. dba BGSF Professional LLC PARTIES COUNTY: Cowlitz County Washington C/O Information Technology 207 N 4th Ave, Room 307 Kelso, WA 98626 Contract Facilitator: Mac McKoy Phone: 360-577-3024 ext. 6733 Email: McKoyM@cowlitzwa.gov

CONTRACTOR: BGSF, Inc. 5850 Granite Parkway Suite 730 Plano, TX 75024 Contact: Steve Boardman Phone: Office: 602.842.4132 | Mobile: 508.561.1022 Email: sboardman@bgsf.com

This Participating Addendum (hereinafter called “Addendum” or “Agreement”) covers Master Contract No. TS06-25 led by HoustonGalveston Area Council (the “Master Contract”) for the provision of temporary staffing, direct-hire, and other employer services to H-GAC and the entities eligible to access H-GAC cooperative purchasing contracts (Participating Entities). Cowlitz County is an eligible participating entity because it has a cooperative purchasing agreement with H-GAC. This Addendum constitutes and shall be construed as a separate, independent agreement between Cowlitz County and the Contractor, subject to the following: (i) this Addendum shall be governed by the Master Contract, and the terms in the Master Contract are hereby incorporated into this Addendum, with references to “H-GAC” in the Master Contract to be construed as “Cowlitz County” to the extent practicable and applicable; (ii) the Addendum (including any purchase order documents pursuant to the Addendum) may not alter or conflict with the terms of the Master Contract except as expressly identified and agreed to herein, nor may it exceed the scope of the work provided for in the Master Contract; and (iii) the term of the Addendum may not extend beyond the expiration date of the Master Contract. The Addendum and the Master Contract shall take precedence over any terms and conditions included on Contractor’s quote, invoice, or similar document. The Master Contract, as hereafter modified, is incorporated into this Addendum as if set forth at length. The parties do mutually agree to modify or add to the Master Contract as provided below. The below terms act to supersede or modify any conflicting terms or language in the Master Contract. 1.1.

TERMS The County is agreeing to the terms of the Master Agreement only to the extent the terms are not in conflict with applicable Washington law. 1.1.1. EFFECTIVE DATE This Agreement is effective upon the date of the final signature below. 1.1.2. EXPIRATION DATE AND EXTENSION This Agreement shall be effective for one year from the effective date, unless it is cancelled sooner pursuant to the Master Contract. This Agreement may be extended as necessary upon request of the County and by written agreement by Contractor.

1.2.

COMPENSATION, WORK AND SERVICES The Contractor shall perform all work and provide all materials as specified in the Contract Documents, in strict accordance with the terms and conditions set forth therein. As full compensation for such work, the County agrees to pay the Contractor an amount not to exceed two hundred twenty-five thousand dollars ($225,000.00), plus applicable taxes, to be paid upon invoice in accordance with the payment terms outlined in the Contract Documents.

1.3.

CONTRACT DOCUMENTS The Contract Documents consist of this Addendum and other documents listed below issued prior to the execution of this Addendum and all modifications and change orders issued subsequent thereto. These form a contract, and all are as fully a part of the contract as if attached to this Addendum or repeated herein. 1. Executed work orders 2. Contractor’s Statement of Work effective August 20, 2026. 3. The Master Contract (H-GAC Contract TS06-25), including all amendments; 4. H-GAC solicitation #TS06-25 issued December 11, 2024, including all addenda. 5. Contractor’s proposal to H-GAC submitted January 23, 2025;

1.4.

1.5.

1.6.

1.7.

1.8.

PUBLIC RECORDS COMPLIANCE To the full extent the County determines necessary to comply with the Washington State Public Records Act (chapter 42.56 RCW), Contractor shall conduct a diligent search of all records in its possession or control relating to this Agreement or the Work, including, without limitation, email, correspondence, notes, saved voicemail messages, recordings, photographs, and drawings, and shall provide those records to the County for production. If Contractor believes any such record is exempt from disclosure or otherwise protected, the Contractor may, at its own expense, seek judicial protection. The Contractor shall indemnify, defend, and hold harmless the County from all costs, including attorneys' fees, arising from any claim or litigation related to a Public Records Act request for which the Contractor possesses responsive records and has withheld those records, withheld information contained in those records, or failed

to provide those records to the County in a timely manner. Unless protected by court order, the Contractor shall timely provide the County all records responsive to a Public Records Act request for distribution. This section survives expiration or termination of the Agreement. 1.9.

1.10. COMPLIANCE WITH LAWS The Contractor in the performance of this Agreement agrees to comply with all applicable federal, state and local laws, ordinances and regulations including but not limited to those pertaining to civil rights. The Contractor may not, without the prior written approval of the County, assign, sublet or transfer in whole or in part his interest in this Agreement. 1.11. RECOVERY OF FUNDS Whenever, under the Agreement, any sum of money shall be recoverable from or payable by the Contractor to Cowlitz County the same amount may be deducted from any sum due to the Contractor under the Agreement or under any other agreement between the contractor and Cowlitz County. The rights of Cowlitz County are in addition and without prejudice to any other right Cowlitz County may have to claim the amount of any loss or damage suffered by Cowlitz County on account of the acts or omissions of the Contractor. 1.12. ENFORCEMENT COSTS If any legal action or other proceeding is brought for the enforcement of this Agreement, or because of an alleged dispute, breach, default or misrepresentation in connection with any provisions of this Agreement, the successful or prevailing party or parties shall be entitled to recover reasonable attorney's fees, court costs, and all expenses (including taxes) even if not taxable as court costs (including, without limitation, all such fees, costs, and expenses incident to appeals), incurred in that action or proceeding, in addition to any other relief to which such party or parties may be entitled. 1.13. ANTI-KICKBACK No officer or employee of the County, having the power or duty to perform an official act or action related to this Agreement, shall have or acquire any interest in this agreement, or have solicited, accepted or granted a present or future gift, favor, service, or other thing of value from or to any person involved in this Agreement. 1.14. WAIVER No officer, employee, agent or otherwise of the County has the power, right or authority to waive any of the conditions or provisions to this Agreement. No waiver of any breach of this Agreement shall be held to be a waiver of any other or subsequent breach. All remedies afforded in this Agreement or at law shall be taken and construed as cumulative, that is, in addition to every other remedy provided herein or by law. Failure of the County to enforce at any time any of the provisions of this Agreement or to require at any time performance by Contractor of any provision hereof, shall in no way be construed to be a waiver of such provisions, nor in any way affect the validity of this Agreement or any part hereof, or the right of the County to hereafter enforce each and every such provision. 1.15. SURVIVAL Without being exclusive, the Article for Indemnification and the Article for Venue Stipulation of this Agreement shall survive any termination, expiration or determination of invalidity of this Agreement in whole or in part. Any other Articles of this Agreement which, by their sense and context, are intended to survive shall also survive. 1.16. INSURANCE The Contractor shall furnish and maintain all insurance as required herein and comply with all limits, terms and conditions stipulated therein, at their expense, for the duration of the contract. Following is a list of requirements for this contract. Any exclusion that may restrict the required coverage must be pre-approved by the Cowlitz County Risk Management Department. Work under this contract shall not commence until evidence of all required insurance, policy endorsements and bonding is provided to the County of Cowlitz. Insurance companies shall be licensed to do business in the State of Washington. Evidence of such insurance shall consist of a completed copy of the certificate of insurance, signed by the insurance agent for the Contractor and returned to the Cowlitz County Department with whom the contract is executed. The insurance policy or policies will not be canceled, materially changed or altered without thirty (30) days prior notice submitted to the Purchasing Services Department. The policy shall be endorsed, and the certificate shall reflect that the County of Cowlitz is an additional named insured on the Contractor’s General and Automobile Liability policies with respect to activities under the contract. The policy shall provide, and the certificate shall reflect that the insurance afforded applies separately to each insured against whom claim is made or suit is brought except with respect to the limits of the company’s liability.

1.16.1. The policy shall be endorsed, and the certificate shall reflect that the insurance afforded therein shall be primary insurance and any insurance or self-insurance carried by the County shall be excess and not contributory insurance to that provided by the Contractor. 1.16.2. The Contractor shall not commence work, nor shall the Contractor allow any subcontractor to commence work on any subcontract until a Certificate of Insurance with each required policy endorsement, meeting the requirements set forth herein, has been approved by Cowlitz County Risk Management Department and filed with the department with whom the contract is executed. Upon request, the contractor shall forward to the Cowlitz County Risk Management Department the original policy, or endorsement obtained, to the Contractor’s policy currently in force. 1.16.3. Failure of the Contractor to fully comply with the insurance requirements set forth herein, during the term of the Agreement, shall be considered a material breach of contract and cause for immediate termination of the Agreement at the County's discretion. 1.16.4. Providing coverage in the amounts listed shall not be construed to relieve the Contractor from liability in excess of such amounts. 1.16.5. REQUIRED COVERAGE: The insurance shall provide the minimum coverage as set forth below: 1.16.5.1. GENERAL LIABILITY INSURANCE: The Contractor shall have Commercial General Liability coverage with limits of $1,000,000.00 per occurrence, $2,000,000 aggregate. This coverage shall include products, completed operations, personal injury, fire damage and medical expenses. 1.16.5.2. WORKERS COMPENSATION: When the Contractor has employees of the company, the Contractor shall carry Worker’s Compensation Industrial Injury Insurance coverage and effective in Washington State. Proof of insurance shall be reflected on the Contractor’s Certificate of Insurance or by providing the Contractor’s State Industrial Account Identification Number 1.17. EXECUTION AND VALIDITY Execution of this Agreement constitutes the valid and binding obligation of Contractor, enforceable against it in accordance with the terms of the Agreement. The Parties warrant that the officers/individuals executing below have been duly authorized to act for and on behalf of the Party for purposes of confirming this Agreement. 1.18. ENTIRE AGREEMENT This Participating Addendum and the Master Contract (including all amendments and attachments thereto) constitute the entire agreement between the parties concerning the subject matter of this Participating Addendum and replaces any prior oral or written communications between the parties, all of which are excluded. There are no conditions, understandings, agreements, representations, or warranties, expressed or implied, that are not specified herein. This Participating Addendum may be modified only by a written document executed by the parties hereto. IN WITNESS WHEREOF, Cowlitz County and Contractor have executed this Participating Addendum as of the date of execution by both parties below.

CONTRACTOR

COWLITZ COUNTY, WASHINGTON

Signature

Print Name

Title

Date

BGSF PROFESSIONAL,

LLC

Statement of Work ( SOW)

Managed Services Delivery Framework Client Cowlitz County

Service Provider BGSF PROFESSIONAL,

LLC

Service Area PeopleSoft

Managed

Services

Effective Date August 20',

2026

Start Date August 20',

2026

End Date 12 Months

from

Effective

Date

Support

Table of Contents 1.

Executive Summary

Scope

Historical

Managed Capacity Delivery Model

Delivery Team

Operational

SOP&

Service

KPI

of Services Effort Analysis &

Maturity&

Runbook

Development

Operational

Reporting&

Framework

12. Scope

Metrics

Model

Compliance Support

Security, Audit& Boundaries

13. Upgrade &

Maintenance

14. Transition &

Operational

15. Client

Automation Strategy

Levels ( SLAs)

10. Governance 11.

Capacity Alignment

Services Readiness

Responsibilities

16. Commercial

Structure

17. Assumptions &

Dependencies

18. Exclusions 19. Change

Management

20. Term &

Renewal

21. Acceptance Criteria

22. Limitation of Liability 23. Value Delivered 24. Acceptance &

Signatures

Executive Summary

BGSF PROFESSIONAL,

LLC (" BGSF PROFESSIONAL,

County") with an operational

managed

services

LLC")

shall provide Cowlitz County

framework

designed

to support,

stabilize, govern, maintain, optimize, and continuously improve the County' s PeopleSoft ecosystem.

This engagement is structured as an operationally disciplined managed services model focused

on:

Operational continuity Production stability Operational

risk

reduction

Governance and accountability Institutional

knowledge

Measurable

service

Predictable

operational

Standardized

retention

outcomes support

operational

Audit readiness

execution

and compliance

support

Long- term sustainability of the PeopleSoft environment County- owned operational documentation

and support artifacts

The managed services framework is intended to function as an extension of the County' s operational IT organization while introducing repeatable operational processes, measurable

operational deliverables,

improvements,

and documented

The initial engagement

includes

governance transparency,

knowledge functional

consulting, targeted assessments,

operational maturity

transfer. support,

technical

support,

optimization

discovery activities, and approved special projects

supporting: Human

Capital

Management(

HCM)

Payroll Benefits

Administration

Financials Supply Chain Management ( FSCM) PeopleSoft

integrations

and interfaces

Functional and technical troubleshooting Performance

analysis and optimization

consulting

Targeted assessments and discovery sessions SOP and runbook Operational Knowledge

development

readiness transfer

support

The overall objective of this engagement

is to provide Cowlitz County with a stable,

measurable, accountable, operationally mature, and financially defensible managed services framework designed to reduce operational risk while improving consistency, visibility, responsiveness, governance maturity, audit readiness, and operational sustainability.

2. Scope of Services 2. 1 Functional & Application Support BGSF PROFESSIONAL, LLC shall provide functional and operational support services for the County' s PeopleSoft environment including: Incident

investigation

and resolution

Functionaltroubleshooting Production

issue

support

Business process advisory support Functional

configuration

support

Workflow troubleshooting

Reporting support Compliance

support

activities

Minor enhancements

Regression testing coordination Operational

support

coordination

Batch issue troubleshooting End- user support

coordination

Payroll operational

support

FLSA- related payroll configuration

support

Payroll balancing support Payroll reconciliation

support

Payroll validation support Tax update PUM

support

and coordination

and CPU support

coordination

Integration troubleshooting support Production

operational

support

Security support coordination Environment

support

coordination

Supported Functional Areas Human

Capital Core

Management(

HCM)

Position

Management

Workforce Administration Employee Self Service Manager Self Service

Functional configuration support

Business process support Payroll

Payroll processing support Payroll balancing support

Payroll troubleshooting Payroll

reconciliation

Payroll validation

support

coordination

FLSA- related payroll configuration

support

Payroll issue remediation

Tax update support Payroll Benefits

operational

support

Administration

Benefits troubleshooting Eligibility support Open

enrollment

Benefits

support

operational

support

Benefits configuration support

Financials Supply Chain Management( FSCM) Financial

operations

support

Reporting support Workflow

support

Process troubleshooting Configuration Financial

support

operational

support

Integrations

Integration monitoring Integration troubleshooting Interface

support

Data movement File transfer Interface

support

remediation

support

2. 2 Technical / ERP Support BGSF PROFESSIONAL,

LLC shall provide technical

and ERP support

services

including:

Code- level troubleshooting SQL troubleshooting Application performance tuning analysis Defect

remediation

Integration troubleshooting

Batch and process scheduler troubleshooting Application troubleshooting Custom

object support

Operational issue remediation Production

support

activities

Interface troubleshooting

and remediation

Performance

optimization

activities

Assessment

findings

and level- of- effort estimates

for approved

remediation

activities

2. 3 Administrative

Coordination

Support

BGSF PROFESSIONAL,

LLC shall provide administrative coordination support related to in-

scope PeopleSoft managed services activities including: Security support coordination User access troubleshooting coordination Process scheduler issue coordination Migration Batch

coordination

management

for approved

support

Job restart

coordination

Operational

support

in- scope

changes

related to in- scope functional

and technical

activities

Access troubleshooting Audit evidence

Compliance

support

reporting support

Operational change documentation support

2. 5 Targeted Assessments, Discovery & Optimization

Support

BGSF PROFESSIONAL, LLC shall support targeted discovery, assessment, and optimization

activities

within

available

managed

services

hours,

including:

issues

Initial PeopleSoft environment assessment focused on HR, Payroll, and Finance

within the first 30 days following authorization and access readiness Structured HR discovery session to identify pain points, document issues, and develop an FAQ, findings summary, or action plan

Payroll and Finance discovery sessions as mutually scheduled PAYGI_ 01 interface performance recommendations

where

review, including application

and database tuning

applicable

Benefits Administration configuration and workflow review, including identification of incomplete

implementation

items or default configuration

concerns

Timesheet process review and automation opportunity assessment

Special project scoping, level- of- effort estimates, and remediation recommendations following each assessment Evaluation

of current Smart Panda responsibilities

what responsibilities

as part of discoveryto

vendors

3. Historical Effort Analysis & Capacity Alignment The annual managed services capacity model has been developed Historical

SME task analysis

Operational

workload

Knowledge

transfer

evaluation

and review

sessions

Existing operational support activities Functional

and technical

workload

distribution

analysis

Monitoring and maintenance activities Governance and reporting obligations The purpose of this analysis is to: Align support Validate

capacityto

workload

operational

demand

distribution

Establish predictable operational support coverage Identify recurring operational activities

Establish governance structure and accountability Identify operational maturity opportunities Provide

determine

may be absorbed in the future if the County elects to transition

financially defensible

workload

model

using:

BGSF PROFESSIONAL, LLC shall provide supporting workload assumptions, workload allocation methodology,

and operational distribution analysis supporting the annual

managed services capacity model.

Monthly reporting shall include workload distribution visibility by functional and operational support category.

3. 1 Historical Functional Effort Analysis Functional

Area

HCM Support

Representative

Activities

Workforce

administration,

employee

support,

remediation,

issue

functional

troubleshooting Payroll Support

Payroll support, payroll balancing, FLSA support, payroll troubleshooting, tax updates

Benefits

Administration

Eligibility support, benefits troubleshooting, enrollment support

FSCM Support

Financial process support, workflow troubleshooting,

reporting support Integration

Operational

Support

Governance

Interface troubleshooting, file transfer

support,

monitoring

support

Operational meetings, reporting, governance support

Minor Enhancements

Configuration workflow

changes,

modifications,

reporting improvements

3. 2 Historical Infrastructure & Operational Infrastructure Process

Area

Representative

Monitoring

Effort Analysis

Activities

Batch monitoring, process monitoring, operational reviews

Middleware

Middleware support,

Administration

process scheduler support, troubleshooting Security Administration

User administration, access

coordination,

security troubleshooting Database &

Environment

Cloning coordination,

Cloning

refresh validation, synchronization

support

3. 3 Annual Managed Services Capacity The engagement

includes:

1, 500 annual managed services hours

Managed services delivery model Fixed

annual

service

fee structure

Predictable monthly billing model Shared operational governance framework Managed services hours may be used for approved assessments, sessions, optimization

discovery

activities, and mutually approved special projects

The managed services model is designed to provide operational flexibility while maintaining

measurable

service

accountability

and predictable

support

capacity.

4. Managed

Capacity Delivery Model

4. 1 Delivery Model Overview The engagement

is structured

around

a operational

managed

services

model.

The model combines: Operational

resources

Defined governance processes

Operational accountability Structured escalation Standardized

procedures

operational

execution

Repeatable support processes Operational

readiness practices

Measurable operational outcomes

Defined reporting obligations The engagement is designed to support both reactive and proactive operational activities. The County and BGSF PROFESSIONAL,

LLC shall align managed services hours to the

County' s key PeopleSoft objectives and desired 2027 outcomes, with immediate focus on stabilizing HR, Payroll, and Finance while preserving sufficient capacity for unexpected operational

needs

later in the contract

term.

Required recurring governance, KPI reporting, SLA reporting, monthly reporting, and quarterly executive governance activities shall be considered base service obligations and shall not materially reduce available managed services support capacity.

4. 2 Activities Consuming Managed Capacity The following activities consume managed services capacity: Incident

resolution

Troubleshooting Operational

support

Enhancements

Monitoring activities Security administration Middleware

support

Environment support

Testing coordination Operational

documentation

Operational reviews Tax update support

Operational

maturity initiatives

4. 3 Hours Tracking & Reporting BGSF PROFESSIONAL, LLC shall provide recurring utilization reporting including: Hours consumed

Remaining annual balance

Activity categorization Operational

trends

Enhancement

trends

SLA trends Operational

issue trends

Capacity consumption

trends

Functional

workload

distribution

Technical

workload

distribution

Unused managed services capacity may roll quarterly and shall expire at the end of the applicable annual contract year unless otherwise approved in writing.

After each assessment or discovery effort, BGSF PROFESSIONAL, LLC shall provide a level- of- effort estimate and the parties shall jointly determine whether remediation will be performed within available managed services hours or addressed through a separate SOW or amendment. The County preference

is to utilize the base agreement where

commercially and operationally feasible.

5. Delivery Team 5. 1 Operational Team The engagement

shall include an operational

support structure.

Role

Responsibility

Gilbert

HCM

Functional

Lead

Role

Responsibility

Jeremy Walker

Payroll Lead

Glenn

FSCM

Martinez

Helen Weise

Executive

Functional

Finance

Account

Leadership

Lead

Functional

Lead

Executive governance,

escalation

management, operational oversight

BGSF PROFESSIONAL, LLC shall provide reasonable advance notice prior to replacing named

operational

leads.

Replacement personnel shall possess equivalent or greater PeopleSoft qualifications and experience

appropriate

to the replaced

role.

Knowledge transfer and onboarding activities resulting from BGSF PROFESSIONAL, LLCinitiated personnel substitutions

shall not be charged against County managed services

capacity.

5. 2 Delivery Principles Principle Operational

Delivery Objective Maintain

Continuity

stable

and repeatable

support

operations

Governance &

Structured reporting, escalation, and

Accountability

accountability Predictable

Capacity

Stable monthly service delivery framework

Operational Readiness

Standardized recovery

support procedures and

preparedness

Knowledge

Retention

Reduce dependency on tribal knowledge

Continuous

Improvement

Identify operational maturity opportunities

Operational

Transparency

KPI, SLA, and utilization reporting visibility

6. Operational

Maturity & Automation Strategy

6. 1 Operational Maturity Objectives BGSF PROFESSIONAL, operational

maturity

LLC shall work collaboratively

opportunities

designed

to:

with the County to identify

Reduce manual operational effort

Improve operational consistency Improve

issue response

times

Improve

operational

readiness

Reduce

operational

risk

Improve monitoring capabilities Improve documentation maturity Improve

audit

readiness

Improve operational visibility

6. 2 Automation Opportunities Opportunity

Automation

Potential

Batch failure alerting

monitoring

Scheduled

job recovery automation

Ticket routing

alerts

checks

SOP- driven operational

and remediation

Improved operationalvisibility Reduced

manual

intervention

Improved operational stability Improved issue response efficiency

automation

Security workflow

Benefit

Faster issue awareness

Automated

Operational health

Operational

workflows

automation

Increased consistency and repeatability Improved auditability and operational control

Knowledge

management

automation

Faster onboarding and support consistency

Reporting

Improved operational transparency

automation

BGSF PROFESSIONAL,

LLC shall maintain an annual operational improvement

backlog

identifying automation, monitoring, operational maturity, and process improvement opportunities.

The parties shall mutually prioritize operational improvement initiatives during governance reviews.

BGSF PROFESSIONAL, annuallywithin

available

LLC shall complete mutually agreed operational maturity initiatives managed services

capacity.

7. SOP & Runbook Development

Framework

7. 1 SOP & Runbook Objectives BGSF PROFESSIONAL, operational

LLC shall support

SOPs and runbooks

the development

designed

and maintenance

to improve:

Operational consistency Knowledge

retention

Operational

readiness

Recovery preparedness

Cross- training effectiveness Audit defensibility Operational transparency Transition

readiness

7. 2 Required SOP & Runbook Deliverables BGSF PROFESSIONAL,

LLC shall develop and maintain operational SOPs and runbooks

including, at minimum:

Payroll processing support procedures Batch recovery procedures Integration restart procedures

Security administration procedures Environment refresh procedures Escalation

procedures

Middleware

operational procedures

Incident management

procedures

Runbook development priorities, timelines, and completion status shall be reviewed during governance meetings.

7. 3 Work Product Ownership All SOPs, runbooks, operational documentation, transition materials, governance reports, dashboards,

and operational process documentation

engagement

shall become

County- owned

developed

work product.

as part of this

8. Service Levels ( SLAs) 8. 1 Standard Support Hours Monday— Friday 8: 00 AM — 5: 00 PM Pacific Time Excluding recognized holidays

8. 2 Severity Definitions Definition

Severity Critical

High

Production

outage with significant

operational

impact

and no workaround

Major operational degradation impacting business

Medium

operations

Partial functionality

Low

impairment with

workaround

available

Minor issue,

informational

cosmetic

request,

issue

8. 3 SLA Targets Severity

Response

Critical

Less than 1 Hour

Target

Restoration Executive

Target

escalation,

remediation initiation,

bridge

workaround

recovery plan within 4 hours High

Less than 4 Business

Medium

Less than

Low

Hours

Next Business Day

1 Business

Day

2- 3 Business

Less than 2 Business

Days

Scheduled

Days

Critical Payroll and production- impacting incidents shall include after- hours escalation procedures, executive communication support, and remediation coordination activities as part of the inclusive managed services support model.

8. 4 SLA Exclusions SLA exclusions shall apply only when the excluded condition is the documented cause of the issue and BGSF PROFESSIONAL, controlled or third- party

dependency.

root

LLC is unable to proceed due to a County-

Potential exclusions may include: Infrastructure

outages

Operating system failures Database platform failures Third- party outages Network

outages

Vendor outages Unsupported

customizations

BGSF PROFESSIONAL, troubleshooting

LLC shall continue commercially reasonable coordination,

support, escalation

support, workaround

coordination,

and operational

communications during excluded events where operationally appropriate.

9. KPI

Reporting & Operational Metrics

BGSF PROFESSIONAL,

LLC shall provide recurring KPI and operational

reporting.

9. 1 Reporting Categories KPI

Representative

Category

SLA Metrics Operational

Metrics

Response times, restoration

Stability

performance

Incident trends, recurring issue analysis

Capacity Metrics

Utilization tracking and capacity consumption

Enhancement

Enhancement throughput and delivery trends

Metrics

Operational

Readiness

SOP/ runbook development progress

Governance

Metrics

Escalation trends, backlog aging

System

Health

Metrics

Monitoring events and operational trends

9. 2 Reporting Cadence Frequency

Activity

Weekly

Operational

Monthly

KPI, SLA, utilization,

Quarterly

Executive governance reviews

review meetings

Monthly dashboards shall include: Hours consumed

backlog, and operational reporting

Remaining managed capacity Incidents by severity SLA attainment

metrics

Backlog aging Enhancement

status

Recurring operational issues Operational

risks

SOP and runbook progress

Upcoming maintenance activities Raw utilization detail supporting summarized reporting

10. Governance Model 10. 1 Operational Governance BGSF PROFESSIONAL, LLC and Cowlitz County shall jointly participate in governance activities

designed

to:

Review operational performance Review SLA attainment Review

operational

risks

Review enhancement priorities Review

operational

trends

Review capacity utilization Review operational maturity opportunities Review

escalation

items

Review

transition

readiness

activities

Review operational improvement backlog items Executive governance

reviews shall include:

SLA trends Operational

risks

Capacity trends Escalation

trends

Automation progress SOP and runbook progress

Upcoming operational

risks

and

maintenance

activities

10. 2 Governance Activities Frequency

Activity

Weekly

Operational

issue review and support

coordination

Monthly

SLA reporting, KPI review, utilization reporting

Quarterly

Executive governance review and operational strategy review

10. 3 Governance &

Escalation Structure BGSF

Governance

Area

County Responsibility

Operational

Prioritization

Business

prioritization

PROFESSIONAL,

LLC

Responsibility and

Delivery coordination

approvals

Escalation

Management

Executive

participation

Escalation

coordination

and communications SLA Governance

Review and

validation

SLA reporting and remediation planning

Operational

Transition

Prioritization

Improvements

Validation

Readiness

input

and signoff

Recommendation

and

execution

support

Transition

execution

readiness

support

and

11 . Security, Audit & Compliance Support BGSF PROFESSIONAL,

LLC shall provide operational support activities aligned to security,

audit, compliance, confidentiality, and County governance requirements.

11 . 1 Security Support Activities Support

shall include:

Security administration Privileged

access

User administration Access

coordination

support coordination support

review support

Operational

change documentation

Security troubleshooting

support

Audit evidence support

Compliance reporting support Operational

audit support

coordination

BGSF PROFESSIONAL, LLC personnel shall comply with: Least- privilege access requirements

County confidentiality requirements County data protection requirements

Background screening requirements where applicable Breach

notification

obligations

Public

records support

obligations

where applicable

County security policies where applicable BGSF PROFESSIONAL,

LLC shall reasonably cooperate with County audit, compliance,

public records, security review, and operational governance activities.

12. Scope Boundaries 12. 1 In Scope The following services are considered in scope: Functional support Technical

support

Optimization

consulting

Targeted assessments

and discovery sessions

Approved special projects within available managed services hours Minor enhancements

Reporting support Governance

support

SOP and runbook development support Knowledge

transfer

support

Internal SME operational training support

12. 2 Minor Enhancement Definition Minor

enhancements

are

generally defined

as:

Changes requiring less than 16 labor hours No architectural

redesign

No net- new enterprise

implementation

No major business process transformation The 16- hour threshold shall serve as a guideline and not an absolute limitation.

The County and BGSF PROFESSIONAL, LLC may mutually approve operational enhancements within available managed services capacity where the work does not constitute

a major architectural

Enhancements

or transformational

initiative.

exceeding agreed operational thresholds may require:

Change request approval

Separate funding approval Separate

SOW approval

13. Upgrade & Maintenance Services 13. 1 Included Services The managed

services

engagement

includes:

13. 2 Optional Services The following services are not included but may be provided under separate authorization: PeopleSoft

infrastructure

PeopleSoft

system

PeopleTools

support

administration

upgrades

PUM updates Major version

upgrades

Infrastructure

modernization

Architecture

redesign

Large- scale retrofit development Major transformation

initiatives

Full disaster

execution

recovery

ownership

14. Transition & Operational Readiness The engagement shall transition through structured operational readiness phases. Phase

Activities

Initiation &

Scope

Planning

validation,

collection, Due Diligence

planning activities

Review architecture, support processes, and operational

Knowledge

Transfer

Operational process

Shadow&

Reverse

Shadow

Steady State Operations Transition

documentation

activities

walkthroughs,

reviews

Readiness

validation

execution

confirmation

shall include:

validation

Knowledge

transfer

Operational Support

sessions

readiness

handoff

checklist

validation

Transition deliverables tracking Readiness

checkpoint

reviews

Escalation process validation Governance

readiness

activities

County review and signoff prior to steady- state transition

15. Client Responsibilities Cowlitz County responsibilities

include:

Maintaining infrastructure ownership Maintaining operating systems and database platforms

Providing required system access Participating in UAT activities Maintaining required licensing

Participating in governance activities Providing

and operational

Ongoing managed services delivery

Transition planning documentation Access

support

operational

contacts

Providing approvals and responses within agreed operational timeframes BGSF PROFESSIONAL, dependencies

LLC shall provide written notification when County- controlled

materially delay work activities.

SLA pauses related to County dependencies

shall require documented

notification and

dependency tracking.

16. Commercial Structure 16. 1 Pricing Model The engagement

Fixed

shall be billed as:

annual

managed

services

fee of$ 225, 000

1, 500 annual hours

Blended rate of$ 150 per hour

Billed monthly Operational Annual

support

not- to- exceed

model commercial

structure

Annual Contract Value 225, 000

Monthly Billing 18, 750 per month

Annual Managed Services Capacity 1, 500 annual hours at$

150 per hour

16. 2 Overage Services Additional work beyond contracted capacity: Requires prior written County approval Requires documented scope review Shall be billed

at agreed

Shall not exceed

overage

approved

rates

not- to- exceed

amounts

without

written

authorization

16. 3 After- Hours Support After- hours support is included within this SOW and may be used for approved production-

impacting incidents, critical operational support, and mutually approved support activities.

After- hours work shall be carefully managed and tracked within the annual managed services capacity so the County retains sufficient support capacity for unexpected production

issues, critical operational support, and emerging priorities during the contract

term.

Requires prior written County approval except for emergency critical production support

Tracked against available managed services capacity Included within the fixed annual managed services fee and not billed separately as after- hours support

16. 4 Travel Expenses Approved

travel expenses:

Billed

at actual cost

Subject to prior written County approval No overage

services,

travel expenses,

or additional

commercial

without prior written County approval.

17. Assumptions & Dependencies This SOW assumes:

Cowlitz County retains ownership of infrastructure Cowlitz County retains ownership of database platforms

Existing environments remain operational Existing integrations remain materially unchanged Required licensing remains current

Required client participation remains available Operational approvals are provided timely Material deviations may require: Scope

review

charges

shall be incurred

Timeline Formal

adjustment change

order approval

No commercial modification, scope reduction, timeline adjustment, or cost increase shall

occur without written County approval.

18. Exclusions The following services are excluded unless separately approved: PeopleSoft infrastructure

support unless separately approved

PeopleSoft system administration

unless separately approved

PeopleTools upgrades unless separately approved PUM updates unless separately approved Infrastructure

administration

Operating system administration Full database administration

ownership

Full disaster recovery execution ownership Major upgrades Net- new implementations Major transformation Major architectural

initiatives redesign

Enterprise- wide process redesign Dedicated

PMO services

End- user training development

The following activities remain included within managed services support: PeopleSoft- related database and application troubleshooting

coordination

Operational database troubleshooting support associated with in- scope issues DR planning support Knowledge

transfer

support

Internal SME operational training support Operational

documentation

Audit coordination Operational Transition

support

compliance

assistance

support

19. Change Management Work outside

the defined

Written

approval

Scope

review

scope

requires:

Impact assessment Commercial All change

approval

requests

Scope

where

applicable

shall document:

impact

Cost impact Timeline

impact

Risks Assumptions Required

approvals

BGSF PROFESSIONAL,

LLC may reject work requests that are clearly outside the defined

scope but shall reasonably support work activities directly related to in- scope PeopleSoft managed

services.

20. Term & Renewal Contract Term 12 Months subject to annual performance review. Termination

Rights

The agreement

shall include:

Termination

for convenience

Termination

for cause

Annual appropriation and non- appropriation provisions Transition

assistance

obligations

upon termination

or expiration

Transition Assistance Upon expiration or termination, BGSF PROFESSIONAL, LLC shall provide reasonable transition assistance including: Operational

knowledge

transfer

Return of County- owned documentation Return of County data Transition

coordination

support

21 . Acceptance Criteria Material deliverables

shall require written County approval following complete delivery.

The review period shall begin only after complete delivery of required materials. Rejected deliverables

shall be corrected by BGSF PROFESSIONAL,

LLC at no additional

cost.

Automatic acceptance

provisions shall not apply to:

Security deliverables Audit deliverables Payroll

deliverables

Production

operational

Transition

deliverables

22. Limitation

deliverables

of Liability

Subject to the governing Master Services Agreement. Limitation of liability provisions shall not limit obligations associated with: Confidentiality

breaches

Unauthorized

disclosure of County data

Gross negligence Willful misconduct

Regulatory violations caused by BGSF PROFESSIONAL, LLC Intellectual property infringement Indemnification Breach

obligations

notification

obligations

The governing Master Services Agreement and all applicable rate schedules,

insurance

requirements, security obligations, and supporting contractual exhibits shall be reviewed and mutually

approved

prior to final

execution

of this SOW.

23. Value Delivered The managed

services

framework

is intended

to deliver

measurable

operational

including: Reduced recurring operational incidents Improved SLA attainment

Improved operational transparency Completed

SOP and runbook

Successful

tax update

Improved

development

and maintenance

PUM and CPU operational

support

execution

readiness

Improved audit evidence and operational documentation

Reduced dependency on individual County personnel Improved operational consistency

Improved operational governance Long- term sustainability of PeopleSoft operations

24. Acceptance & Signatures Execution

of this SOW shall remain

Master

Services

Agreement

contingent

upon alignment

and approval

of:

terms

Commercial schedules Rate schedules Insurance

requirements

Security requirements Confidentiality

obligations

Public

obligations

records

Liability provisions Termination

provisions

Governance

obligations

BGSF PROFESSIONAL,

LLC

Cowlitz County

Name:

Title:

Signature:

Date:

outcomes

Cowlitz County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan

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Cowlitz County CEMP

Introduction The Cowlitz County Emergency Management Department sincerely appreciates the cooperation and support of the Cities of Longview, Kelso, Woodland Kalama and Castle Rock, and the Cowlitz Tribal Council, and members of the Cowlitz County Local Emergency Planning Committee (LEPC) for contributing to the development of this Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan (CEMP). The success of the planning process coordinated by the Director of Emergency Management was contingent upon the contributions of those individuals. The plan was developed in accordance with the Revised Code of Washington and Washington Administrative Code and is intended to provide guidance for countywide mitigation, preparedness, response and recovery activities among county agencies, incorporated cities, volunteer groups, fire services, law enforcement, emergency medical services, the media, the Tribe, the business community, state and federal governments, and the public. The goal of this plan, as well as the planning process utilized in its development, is to offer guidance for the administration of the emergency management program, support emergency operations and minimize the impact of emergencies and disasters on people, property, the economy, and the environment. The CEMP is one of many efforts to prepare Cowlitz County citizens for emergencies or disasters. The plan is consistent with the Washington State Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan (CEMP), National Response Framework and National Incident Management System with the goal of horizontal and vertical coordination among four levels of government: local, state, federal, and tribal nations. This plan supersedes all previous plans. Delegation of Authority can be found in the Cowlitz County Continuity of Government Plan currently being created. Referenced Materials in the Development of this plan include: National Preparedness Goal (NPG) National Incident Management System (NIMS) All the National Planning Frameworks Core Capability Development Worksheets A Whole Community Approach to Emergency Management: Principles, Themes, and Pathways for Action Comprehensive Preparedness Guide (CPG) 101 Homeland Security Exercise and Evaluation Program (HSEEP) Guidance Emergency Management Performance Grant Guidance – Notice of Funding Opportunity THIRA/SPR Standardized Target and Impact Language Revised Code of Washington 38.52 Washington Administrative Code 118-30 Washington State Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan (CEMP) Washington State Local Limited English Proficiency Communication Planning Framework

3/31/2026

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Cowlitz County CEMP

Strategic plans describe how local jurisdictions want to meet their emergency management or homeland security responsibilities over the long-term. These plans are driven by policy from senior officials, and they establish planning priorities. Operational plans provide a description of roles and responsibilities, tasks, integration, and actions required of a jurisdiction or its departments and agencies in Cowlitz County during emergencies. Jurisdictions use plans to provide the goals, roles, and responsibilities that a jurisdiction’s departments and agencies are assigned, and to focus on coordinating and integrating the activities of the many response and support organizations within a jurisdiction. They also consider private sector planning efforts as an integral part of community-based planning, and to ensure efficient allocation of resources. Departmental and agency plans do the same for the internal elements of those organizations. Operational plans tend to focus more on the broader physical, spatial, and time-related dimensions of an operation; thus, they tend to be more complex and more comprehensive, yet less defined, than tactical plans. Tactical plans focus on managing personnel, equipment, and resources that play a direct role in an incident response. Pre-incident tactical planning, based upon existing operational plans, provides the opportunity to pre-identify personnel, equipment, exercise, and training requirements. These gaps can then be filled through various means (e.g., mutual aid, technical assistance, updates to policy, procurement, contingency leasing).

3/31/2026

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Cowlitz County CEMP

Promulgation WHEREAS, all residents and property within Cowlitz County are at risk to a wide range of natural, technological, and human-caused hazards; and WHEREAS, when such an unfortunate event occurs; local, county, state, and federal response agencies must be prepared to respond in a well-coordinated manner by developing and using the Incident Command System (ICS) in accordance with the National Incident Management System (NIMS) to protect the public and the natural resources and minimize property damage with the community; and WHEREAS, this Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan is needed to coordinate the response of emergency personnel and supporting services of all Cowlitz County agencies in the event of an emergency, disaster, or catastrophic event and during the aftermath thereof; and NOW, THEREFORE, we the undersigned, by virtue of the power and authority vested in us by the laws of this State do hereby adopt the Cowlitz County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan (CEMP), dated March 31, 2026. This plan can be put into action by the undersigned or our designee(s). Named organizations have the responsibility to prepare and maintain standard operating procedures and commit to the training and exercises required to support this plan. IN WITNESS THEREOF, we have subscribed our signatures: Dated this

day of

, 2026 BOARD OF COUNTY COMMISSIONERS OF COWLITZ COUNTY, WASHINGTON

Brad Thurman, Sheriff

Richard R. Dahl, Chairman

Ryan Jurvakainen, Prosecuting Attorney

Steve Rader, Commissioner

Kelly Dombrowsky, Clerk of the Board

Steven L. Ferrell, Commissioner

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Cowlitz County CEMP

Approval and Implementation This revision and publication of the 2026 Cowlitz County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan (CEMP) have involved the cooperative efforts of the whole community. Stakeholders and Emergency Management staff worked collaboratively in planning and coordinating emergency management activities intended to identify, develop, maintain, and enhance emergency management capabilities. Cowlitz County Emergency Management appreciates the cooperation and support of the whole community, consisting of public and private stakeholders, state agencies, local jurisdictions, private and non-profit organizations, and the Cowlitz Nation, which contributed to this effort. It is the policy of Cowlitz County and the Cities of Longview, Kelso, Woodland, Kalama and Castle Rock to provide the emergency organization and resources to minimize the effects of incidents; prepare to respond to disaster situations; maximize the population’s chance of survival; preserve property; and provide recovery that will ensure the orderly and fast return to normal community life in Cowlitz County in the event of a natural or technological disaster. The Cowlitz County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan (CEMP) has been developed to establish the special policies, guidelines, and procedures that will provide response personnel with the information and guidance required to function quickly and effectively in a disaster situation. The goal of this plan is to help ensure government, business, and residents to be self-sufficient for a minimum of 72 hours after a disaster. This plan supersedes all previous versions of the Cowlitz County CEMP. It should be understood that emergencies and disasters are dynamic events that require flexibility and the ability to solve challenges that are presented. Circumstances may dictate deviation from this plan in order to have the best possible response. This plan may be supplemented by the Washington State Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan, individual city / community plans, and other applicable plans. All County and City Departments are directed to take appropriate actions to implement this plan and to maintain the necessary capabilities to respond effectively to emergencies and disasters. All other entities involved in the plan are requested to cooperate in order to coordinate the total disaster response within the community. This CEMP supersedes all previous CEMPs and is formatted to be consistent with the National Response Framework, complete with Emergency Support Functions and Annexes that support specific areas necessary to enhance the concepts presented in the CEMP. Our objective is to provide a format that all local jurisdictions can follow, promoting interoperability at all levels of response. Advances in technology allow us to coordinate actions and activities through electronic means much more quickly and frequently and to deliver this plan in a digital form versus a paper document. Any requests for changes or modifications should be directed to Cowlitz County Emergency Management.

Chair, Cowlitz County Board of Commissioners

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Date

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Cowlitz County CEMP

Scott A. Neves Emergency Management Director, Cowlitz County

Date

Paul Helenberg Mayor, City of Castle Rock

Date

Jon Stanfill Mayor, City of Kalama

Date

Veryl Anderson Mayor, City of Kelso

Date

Erik Halvorson Mayor, City of Longview

Date

Todd Dinehart Mayor, City of Woodland

Date

Reviewed by:

Doug Jensen Civil Attorney, Cowlitz County

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Date

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Cowlitz County CEMP

Record of Changes Change Number: YR-XXX

Date of Change: MM/YYYY

Position Name/Initials

Change Summary/Sections Affected

To review or make recommendations to this CEMP, or for further information, please contact: Cowlitz County Department of Emergency Management 312 SW 1st Ave Kelso, WA 98626 360.577.3130

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Cowlitz County CEMP

Record of Distribution Date of Delivery: MM/YYYY

Agency / Organization / Department

Position Name

Number of Copies/Format

Cowlitz County Board of Commissioners

Chairperson

(#) ☐ Hardcopy (#) ☐ Digital

City of Castle Rock

Mayor

(#) ☐ Hardcopy (#) ☐ Digital

City of Kalama

Mayor

(#) ☐ Hardcopy (#) ☐ Digital

City of Kelso

Mayor

(#) ☐ Hardcopy (#) ☐ Digital

City of Longview

Mayor

(#) ☐ Hardcopy (#) ☐ Digital

City of Woodland

Mayor

(#) ☐ Hardcopy (#) ☐ Digital

Cowlitz County 911 Authority

Director

(#) ☐ Hardcopy (#) ☐ Digital

Cowlitz County Sheriff’s Office

Sheriff

(#) ☐ Hardcopy (#) ☐ Digital

Castle Rock Police Department

Chief

(#) ☐ Hardcopy (#) ☐ Digital

Kalama Police Department

Chief

(#) ☐ Hardcopy (#) ☐ Digital

Kelso Police Department

Chief

(#) ☐ Hardcopy (#) ☐ Digital (#) ☐ Hardcopy

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Receipt, Review, & Acceptance ☐ Receipt ☐ Review ☐ Acceptance ☐ Receipt ☐ Review ☐ Acceptance ☐ Receipt ☐ Review ☐ Acceptance ☐ Receipt ☐ Review ☐ Acceptance ☐ Receipt ☐ Review ☐ Acceptance ☐ Receipt ☐ Review ☐ Acceptance ☐ Receipt ☐ Review ☐ Acceptance ☐ Receipt ☐ Review ☐ Acceptance ☐ Receipt ☐ Review ☐ Acceptance ☐ Receipt ☐ Review ☐ Acceptance ☐ Receipt ☐ Review ☐ Acceptance ☐ Receipt ☐ Review

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Cowlitz County CEMP Agency / Organization / Department

Date of Delivery: MM/YYYY

Number of Copies/Format

Receipt, Review, & Acceptance

Chief

(#) ☐ Digital

☐ Acceptance

Woodland Police Department

Chief

(#) ☐ Hardcopy (#) ☐ Digital

Washington State Patrol

Chief

(#) ☐ Hardcopy (#) ☐ Digital

Washington State Emergency Management Department

Director

(#) ☐ Hardcopy (#) ☐ Digital

Cowlitz Indian Tribe

Emergency Management Dir.

(#) ☐ Hardcopy (#) ☐ Digital

Cowlitz County Fire District #1

Chief

(#) ☐ Hardcopy (#) ☐ Digital

Cowlitz 2 Fire & Rescue

Chief

(#) ☐ Hardcopy (#) ☐ Digital

Cowlitz County Fire District #3

Chief

(#) ☐ Hardcopy (#) ☐ Digital

Cowlitz County Fire District #5

Chief

(#) ☐ Hardcopy (#) ☐ Digital

Cowlitz County Fire District #6

Chief

(#) ☐ Hardcopy (#) ☐ Digital

Cowlitz County Fire District #7

Chief

Longview Police Department

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Position Name

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Cowlitz County CEMP Agency / Organization / Department

Position Name

Date of Delivery: MM/YYYY

Number of Copies/Format

Receipt, Review, & Acceptance

(#) ☐ Digital

Lewis – Cowlitz Fire District

Chief

(#) ☐ Hardcopy (#) ☐ Digital

Longview Fire Department

Chief

(#) ☐ Hardcopy (#) ☐ Digital

Cowlitz County Health Department

Director

(#) ☐ Hardcopy (#) ☐ Digital

Cowlitz County Coroner’s Office

Coroner

(#) ☐ Hardcopy (#) ☐ Digital

Cowlitz County EMS Council

Medical Program Director

Cowlitz County Public Utilities District #1

Chairperson

(#) ☐ Hardcopy (#) ☐ Digital

Cowlitz County Auxiliary Communications Service

President

(#) ☐ Hardcopy (#) ☐ Digital

Cowlitz County Search and Rescue

President

(#) ☐ Hardcopy (#) ☐ Digital

Lower Columbia College

Environmental Health & Safety Director

(#) ☐ Hardcopy (#) ☐ Digital

(#) ☐ Hardcopy (#) ☐ Digital (#) ☐ Hardcopy

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Cowlitz County CEMP Agency / Organization / Department

Position Name

Date of Delivery: MM/YYYY

Number of Copies/Format

Longview School District

Superintendent

(#) ☐ Digital

Kelso School District

Superintendent

(#) ☐ Hardcopy (#) ☐ Digital

Castle Rock School District

Superintendent

(#) ☐ Hardcopy (#) ☐ Digital

Toutle Lake School District

Superintendent

(#) ☐ Hardcopy (#) ☐ Digital

Woodland School District

Superintendent

(#) ☐ Hardcopy (#) ☐ Digital

Kalama School District

Superintendent

(#) ☐ Hardcopy (#) ☐ Digital

Cowlitz County Public Works

Director

(#) ☐ Hardcopy (#) ☐ Digital

WSU Extension Office

Manager

(#) ☐ Hardcopy (#) ☐ Digital

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Receipt, Review, & Acceptance

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Cowlitz County CEMP Return to Table of Contents

Table of Contents 1.

Introduction ______________________________________________________________________19 1.1.

Purpose ____________________________________________________________________________ 19

1.2.

Scope ______________________________________________________________________________ 19

1.3.

Situation Overview ___________________________________________________________________ 20

1.4.

Planning Assumptions _________________________________________________________________ 21

Concept of Operations ______________________________________________________________23 2.1.

General _____________________________________________________________________________ 23

2.2.

Whole Community Involvement _________________________________________________________ 25

2.3.

Operational Objectives ________________________________________________________________ 27

2.4.

Request for a Proclamation of Emergency _________________________________________________ 27

2.5.

Cowlitz County Emergency Operations Center (CCEOC) Activation ______________________________ 28

Direction, Control, and Coordination ___________________________________________________30 3.1.

Multi-Jurisdictional Coordination ________________________________________________________ 30

3.2.

Horizontal Integration _________________________________________________________________ 31

3.3.

Vertical Integration ___________________________________________________________________ 32

3.4.

Unity of Effort through Core Capabilities __________________________________________________ 32

3.5.

Common All Mission Areas _____________________________________________________________ 32

3.6.

Common Prevention and Protection Mission Areas __________________________________________ 33

3.7.

Prevention Mission ___________________________________________________________________ 33

3.8.

Protection Mission ____________________________________________________________________ 33

3.9.

Mitigation Mission ____________________________________________________________________ 34

3.10.

Common Response and Recovery ________________________________________________________ 34

3.11.

Response Mission __________________________________________________________________ 35

3.12.

Recovery Mission __________________________________________________________________ 36

Organization ______________________________________________________________________37 4.1.

Emergency Management _______________________________________________________________ 37

4.2.

Jurisdictional Organizational Structure ____________________________________________________ 38

4.3.

Emergency Organizational Structure______________________________________________________ 38

4.4.

Emergency Operations Center/Emergency Coordination Center________________________________ 41

4.5.

Emergency Roles _____________________________________________________________________ 43

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Cowlitz County CEMP

4.6.

Responsibilities ______________________________________________________________________ 47

4.7.

Elected/Appointed Officials ____________________________________________________________ 48

Communications ___________________________________________________________________58 5.1.

Leadership __________________________________________________________________________ 58

5.2.

Interoperable Communications Plans _____________________________________________________ 58

5.3.

Community Communications Plans ______________________________________________________ 60

Administration ____________________________________________________________________62 6.1.

Documentation ______________________________________________________________________ 62

6.2.

Retention ___________________________________________________________________________ 62

6.3.

Preservation _________________________________________________________________________ 62

Finance __________________________________________________________________________63 7.1.

Local _______________________________________________________________________________ 63

7.2.

Federal _____________________________________________________________________________ 63

7.3.

Cost Tracking and Recovery _____________________________________________________________ 64

7.4.

Federal Assistance Programs ____________________________________________________________ 64

7.5.

State Assistance Programs _____________________________________________________________ 65

Logistics and Resource Management __________________________________________________65 8.1.

NIMS _______________________________________________________________________________ 66

Development and Maintenance_______________________________________________________69 9.1.

Core Planning and Development Team ____________________________________________________ 69

9.2.

Maintenance Schedule ________________________________________________________________ 71

9.3.

Training & Exercise Program ____________________________________________________________ 71

ANNEX

Authorities and References ____________________________________________________________ 75 Governing Laws and Authorities_________________________________________________________ 76 Glossary ___________________________________________________________________________ 77 Acronyms __________________________________________________________________________ 89

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Cowlitz County CEMP Executive Summary Federal Policy and Framework Under the federal Robert T. Stafford Disaster Relief and Emergency Assistance Act, with Washington being a “home rule” state, Cowlitz County is limited to a support role in Emergency Response when requested for any and all county-wide jurisdictions unless otherwise prescribed by law. Presidential Policy Directive / PPD-8: National Preparedness was signed in March 2011. At its core, PPD8 is aimed at strengthening the security and resilience of the United States through systematic preparation for the threats that pose the greatest risk to the security of the Nation, including acts of terrorism, cyber-attacks, pandemics, and catastrophic natural disasters. As a result, a series of integrated national planning frameworks were established that cover prevention, protection, mitigation, response, and recovery. Cowlitz County utilizes the structures, platforms and roles, and responsibilities described in the National Response Framework (NRF) 3rd edition, June 2016 and the National Disaster Recovery Framework (NDRF) 2nd Edition, June 2016. The National Response Framework (NRF) sets the strategy for multi-agency coordination of incident response accomplished under the Emergency Support Function (ESF) construct. ESFs provide an effective mechanism to group core capabilities and resources into the functions that are most likely needed during actual or potential incidents when a coordinated response is required. The ESFs are organized by groups of government and private-sector entities that provide personnel, supplies, facilities, and equipment. Each ESF is composed of: • • •

Coordinating Agencies – Identified on the basis of preparedness management and coordination with Primary and Support Agencies; Primary Agencies – Identified on the basis of authorities, resources and capabilities; and Support Agencies – Identified and assigned based on resources and capabilities in a given functional area.

ESFs may be selectively activated based on the threat, event, or incident. ESF resources may be assigned to serve within any of the response organizations. Whole Community Preparedness The foundation of all emergency planning is personal preparedness. Where it is important for the whole community to be ready for a minimum of three days without public services, it is even more important for key and essential County employees with emergency assignments to maintain their personal preparedness. These personnel must be ready to help others. Cowlitz County encourages everyone, including its employees, to prepare themselves and their families for emergencies. Cowlitz County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan (CEMP) The 2025 Cowlitz County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan (CEMP) establishes a thorough, all-hazards approach to managing emergencies and disasters. The purpose is to save lives, protect public health, safety, property, the economy, and the environment, and then return the community to normal as soon as possible. The CEMP creates a structure within which County government and emergency

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Cowlitz County CEMP responders will work together and it outlines how County government will coordinate with other local, state, federal, and tribal governments and the private sector during incidents. This CEMP is organized into different sections including a Basic Plan, Emergency Support Functions (ESF), and specialized appendices and annexes in accordance with federal guidance provided in the National Preparedness Goal (Second Edition, September 2015), the FEMA Comprehensive Preparedness Guide (CPG) 101 (version 2.0, November 2010) and it refers to the 2024 Washington State Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan, another FEMA approved emergency plan. Basic Plan – Addresses the general parameters of emergency response as they are designed to operate in the County. It includes the underlying assumptions and the types of emergency situations the County could face. It includes a concept of how county operations would work. It establishes the organizational structure that is relied on to respond to emergencies. It outlines agency/organizational roles and responsibilities, to include the Core Capabilities Responsibility Matrix, and provides a framework for the direction, control, and coordination between organizations. It describes the essential information needed for response, as well as communication protocols and procedures to be used. It covers the general support requirements for operations and general policies for resource management. Finally, it covers the process of plan development, the testing and updating of the plan and the authorities or legal basis for the activities listed in the plan. Appendices – Authorities and Guidelines, a Functional Plans Overview, Definitions, and a list of Acronyms. Annexes – Several annexes were developed. But the ESF Annexes were specifically developed for this CEMP. The Emergency Support Function (ESF) structure is the grouping of governmental, non-governmental and certain private sector capabilities into an organizational structure to provide support, resources, program implementation, and services that are most likely needed to save lives, protect property and the environment, restore essential services and critical infrastructure, and help victims and communities return to normal following domestic incidents. ESF Annexes identify fifteen (15) areas of specific concentration that may need to be addressed depending on the type of emergency encountered within the County. Each one defines coordinating, primary, and support agencies and outlines the mission(s) expected under that ESF. Emergency Support Functions (ESF) ESF 1 – Transportation ESF 2 – Communications ESF 3 – Public Works & Engineering ESF 4 – Firefighting ESF 5 – Emergency Management/Information & Planning ESF 6 – Mass Care, Emergency Assistance, Housing, Human Services ESF 7 – Logistics & Resource Support

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ESF 8 – Public Health & Medical Services ESF 9 – Search & Rescue ESF 10 – Oil & Hazardous Materials ESF 11 – Agricultural & Natural Resources ESF 12 – Energy ESF 13 – Public Safety, Law Enforcement, Security ESF 14 – Recovery ESF 15 – Public Affairs

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Cowlitz County CEMP The following tables comprise a Discipline Menu that lists agencies/organizations and how their discipline contributes to particular Emergency Support Functions (ESFs). ESF Matrix – Cowlitz County Government Cowlitz County Government

Coordinating ESF

Board of Commissioners Coroner Corrections Emergency Management

Primary ESF

Supporting ESF

5, 14, 15 8

11 5, 6, 9, 14 13

5, 10, 14 2 7 3, 5, 6, 7, 10, 12, 14 13 5, 7, 8, 10, 13, 14 7 2, 3, 4, 5, 8, 11, 13, 15 2

1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15

Emergency Medical Services GIS Financial Services Health & Human Services Prosecuting Attorney Public Works & Services Purchasing Department Sheriff's Office Technology Services

8, 11

1, 3, 12

2, 9

6, 9, 13

ESF Matrix – City Government in Cowlitz County City Government in Cowlitz County Elected Officials/Mayors Law Enforcement Fire Service (Longview) Emergency Medical Services Financial Services Public Works & Services

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Coordinating ESF

Primary ESF

Supporting ESF

2, 9 10

5, 14, 15 6, 13 4, 10 8

1, 3, 14

14 3, 4, 5, 8, 9, 10, 11, 13 2, 3, 5, 8, 9, 12, 13, 14, 15 10 7 7, 10, 13, 14

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Cowlitz County CEMP ESF Matrix – Special Service Districts Special Districts / Others

Coordinating ESF

Primary ESF

Supporting ESF

Fire Districts Lower Columbia College Cowlitz 911 School Districts Cowlitz Wahkiakum Council of Government

4, 10

2, 3, 5, 8, 12, 13, 14, 15 6, 8, 11, 13 4, 5, 10, 13, 14, 15 1, 6

6, 14

ESF Matrix – Non-Government / Volunteer Organizations Non-Government / Volunteer Organziations American Red Cross Amateur Radio (ARES/RACES) Cowlitz Co SAR Humane Society

Coordinating ESF

Primary ESF

Supporting ESF

6, 11

5, 7, 8, 13 2, 9 9 5, 11, 13, 14

Primary ESF

Supporting ESF

ESF Matrix – Medical / EMS Medical - EMS

Coordinating ESF

Ambulance Services Clinics Long/Short-Term Care Hospital

4, 8 8 6, 8 5, 6, 8

ESF Matrix – Private Sector Private Sector

Coordinating ESF

BNSF Event Center - Fairgrounds Chamber of Commerce Cowlitz PUD WSU Extension Service

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Supporting ESF 1 6 14 5, 14 5, 10, 11, 14

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Cowlitz County CEMP ESF Matrix – State Government State Government

Coordinating ESF

Department of Agriculture Department of Ecology Department of Natural Resources Department of Transportation National & State Guard Washington State Patrol

Primary ESF

Supporting ESF

11, 14 5, 11, 14 11, 14 3, 14 1, 2, 6, 14 1, 3, 5, 14

Primary ESF

Supporting ESF

ESF Matrix – Federal Government Federal

Coordinating ESF

Civil Air Patrol National Weather Service U.S. Army Corps of Engineers

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1, 9, 14 4, 9, 10, 14 1, 3

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Cowlitz County CEMP

1. Introduction 1.1. Purpose

1.1.1.

In order to protect life, property and the environment within Cowlitz County, county and city governments shall respond to natural and human-caused disasters and shall take appropriate actions to mitigate against, to prepare for, to respond to, and to recover from effects of such events.

1.1.2.

For the purpose of this plan, an emergency is defined as any event, natural or humancaused, that exceeds the capability of one or more city departments to manage their response effectively.

1.1.3.

The Cowlitz County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan is an all-hazards plan describing how Cowlitz County will prepare for, prevent, mitigate, respond to, and recover from any emergency that could adversely impact the people, property, environment, and the economy in Cowlitz County. Maintaining the CEMP may adequately address the counties current resources and capabilities to respond to any emergency.

1.1.4.

The CEMP includes the BASIC Plan, Emergency Support Function (ESF) plans, and hazard specific annexes. The following documents comprise the CEMP and describe how city departments coordinate emergency management related actions, resources, and activities with other federal, state, county, regional, private-sector, and non-governmental organizations. The County has institutionalized the use of the Incident Command System (ICS) principles to ensure that all lead, support, and coordinating agencies are assigned appropriate roles and responsibilities as per the National Incident Management System (NIMS).

1.1.5.

This plan is designed to provide an overview of how to implement emergency management details and responsibilities in relation to federal and state laws, rules, and regulations as described in Washington Administrative Code 118-30 and Revised Code of Washington Chapter 38.52.

1.1.6.

The desired outcome of following the plan is for the county to be sufficiently prepared for emergencies so that when an incident occurs the response is efficient and effective to protect life, property, the environment, and the economy. Much of the focus of this plan is to restore essential services and the processes and resources which will support that end state goal. The result in recovery would be a resilient community that is able to restore social routines and adjust to the new normal of post-disaster life.

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Cowlitz County CEMP 1.2. Scope

1.2.1.

The CEMP establishes a mutual understanding of authority, responsibilities, and functions of local government and proves a basis for incorporating essential non-governmental agencies and organizations into the emergency management organization. All directions contained in this Plan are activated accordingly to apply to preparedness and emergency activities undertaken by Cowlitz County and supporting organizations required to minimize the effects of emergency events and facilitate recovery activities.

1.2.2.

The CEMP identifies Emergency Support Functions as areas that are federally defined as essential emergency functions which a municipality must carry out to efficiently respond to a disaster. These ESFs are necessary regardless of the disaster scenario. All primary, supporting, and coordinating organizations listed in the CEMP have been made aware of their responsibilities as outlined in the plan and have been provided with an opportunity to provide input during the review and revision process. Their feedback has been incorporated into the plan.

1.2.3.

The CEMP considers the emergencies and disasters that are likely to occur within Cowlitz County (identified in the County’s Hazard Mitigation Plan) and the long-term recovery activities identified in the Recovery Framework, formerly ESF 14. This plan follows federal guidance and supporting plans, including the National Prevention, Protection, Mitigation, Response, and Disaster Recovery Frameworks, as well as FEMA’s National Incident Management System (NIMS) and Comprehensive Planning Guide 101v2. NIMS is part of the National Response Framework (NRF) that establishes a standardized incident response. NIMS provides a systematic, proactive approach to guide departments and agencies at all levels of government to work seamlessly to prevent, to protect against, to respond to, to recover from, and to mitigate the effects of incidents. This CEMP applies within Cowlitz County, and it also supports and is compatible with the State of Washington and surrounding jurisdictional plans.

1.3. Situation Overview

1.3.1.

Through hazard and vulnerability identification, risk ranking, and risk assessment officials have identified the primary hazards that could potentially impact Cowlitz County. The assessments have determined that Cowlitz County is vulnerable to numerous natural, technological, and human-caused hazards. In addition to these hazards, the potential exists for emergencies to occur outside of the county with negative impacts to the county. The potential effects of these hazards could disrupt public services, damage property, and cause injury or death of persons within in the affected areas.

1.3.2.

The relative probability, risk, vulnerability, and impact of the Regional Risk and Probability Summary are detailed in the County Hazard Mitigation Plan. Hazards addressed in the plan include dam failure, earthquake, flood, landslide, sinkholes and ground subsidence, severe weather, severe winter weather, volcanic activity and wildfire. Additionally, the county is subject to major transportation disruptions and accidents, utility and infrastructure failures or collapses, public health emergencies, cyber incidents, hazardous materials releases, acts of terrorism or civil disturbance and mass casualty incident from any cause.

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Cowlitz County CEMP 1.3.3.

The County participates in regional capability assessments. The capabilities are specifically addressed in each ESF. Each discipline has access to a limited number of resources, which are adequate in normal circumstances but can quickly become overwhelmed in a disaster or emergency. Therefore, the county relies upon mutual aid and other external resources to fill the gaps. All personnel are trained in the NIMS ICS system and technical details of executing their department and division responsibilities. Additionally, the county has the capability to mobilize trained and emergency volunteers to assist with disaster response and recovery efforts.

Taken from Chapter 3 of the 2022 Cowlitz County Hazard Mitigation Plan Hazard Earthquake Severe Weather Flood Landslide Wildfire Volcanic Event

Probability of Occurrence High High High Moderate High Moderate

Vulnerability High High High Low Moderate High

Risk High High High Moderate High Moderate

1.4. Planning Assumptions

1.4.1.

The information and procedures included in this plan have been prepared utilizing the best information and planning assumptions available at the time of preparation. As the true extent of the impacts of a disaster cannot be known before it occurs, DEM can only endeavor to make every reasonable effort to respond based on the situation, information, and resources available at the time. The final outcome of an emergency may be different than the expected outcome based on these assumptions (or others). It is assumed that any situation could create significant loss of life, injury, property damage, or cause disruption of essential services in the County. These situations may also create significant financial, psychological, and sociological impacts on the residents of the community and the city governmental organization. It is reasonable to assume that with impending incidents such as storms and floods, warnings will be issued to enable some preparation prior to the event. Other emergencies will come with no advance warning. In the event of a severe disaster situation, there will not likely be any significant assistance from nearby communities, counties, or State and Federal agencies for two weeks or longer. In this situation, the County and the Cities will need to rely on any available city resources and those of private organizations, businesses, and residents within the county for initial response operations.

1.4.2

Governmental officials within the county recognize their responsibilities regarding the safety and well-being of the public and they will assume their responsibilities when the Comprehensive Emergency Management Program is implemented.

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Cowlitz County CEMP 1.4.3

General Conditions. When a community experiences an emergency or disaster, its surviving citizens fall into three broad categories: (1) those directly affected through personal or family injury or property damage; (2) those indirectly affected by an interruption of the supply of basic needs; and (3) those that are not personally impacted. These guidelines were designed to promote citizen self-confidence and independence in the face of an emergency or disaster. Following these guidelines will allow the emergency organization within the county to concentrate first on helping those citizens directly affected by an event.

1.4.4

It is expected that each individual or head of a household will develop a family disaster plan and maintain the essential supplies to be self-sufficient for a minimum of 72 hours. Businesses are expected to develop internal disaster plans that will integrate and be compatible with local government resources and this plan.

1.4.5 Demand on emergency response agencies becomes much greater in times of crisis, and the prioritization of response to an emergency becomes critical. In addition, the resources of many of the supporting public and private organizations, that normally do not interact except in a crisis, need to be mobilized on a cooperative basis.

1.4.6

Nothing in this plan is intended to diminish the emergency preparedness responsibilities of each participating jurisdiction. Their first priority is to the needs of the citizens within its jurisdiction; and each jurisdiction maintains their right to attend to their own circumstances before committing resources to cooperative disaster response. Participation in the mutual aid agreements is entirely voluntary. Nothing in this plan is intended to diminish the emergency preparedness responsibilities of individual citizens. Circumstances during disasters may not allow immediate response to meet all the needs of the public. A free-market economy and existing distribution systems should be maintained as the primary means of continuing operations of the economic and private sector systems. Normal business procedures may require modification to provide essential resources and services.

1.4.7 In situations not specifically addressed in this plan, responding agencies will have to improvise and carry out their responsibilities to the best of their abilities under the circumstances.

1.4.8

When a disaster occurs, or one is imminent, the chief elected official of the impacted jurisdiction shall direct that the Cowlitz County Emergency Operations Center (EOC) be activated. In most cases this will be on the recommendation of the emergency services director.

1.4.9

In a major event the resources within the county will be overwhelmed and outside assistance will need to be requested. Such requests will be made through the EOC to the Washington State Military Department, Emergency Management Division (WAEMD)/State Emergency Operations Center (SEOC).

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Cowlitz County CEMP

2. Concept of Operations 2.1. General

2.1.1

The concept of operations provides an overview of emergency management structure and procedures for Cowlitz County to respond to an emergency or disaster situation. The primary intent of leadership is the protection of life, property, the environment, and the economy. As such the emergency management objectives of the CEMP are to: • Protect the health and safety of residents and visitors affected by emergencies. • Contain and stabilize the emergency. • Minimize damage to property, facilities, the environment, and the economy. • Minimize disruptions to County and City Operations. • Resume normal County and City operations in a timely manner.

2.1.2

The responsibility for leadership and operations during emergency situations is vested in the executive heads of government. The Cowlitz County Emergency Services Director is responsible to the executive heads of government for carrying out the emergency management program for the county and all cities within the county. This plan directs the Cowlitz County government, both individually and in conjunction with other entities, to fulfill these responsibilities to the best of Cowlitz County’s ability to mitigate, prepare for, respond to, and recover from emergencies or disasters. This plan reflects the roles and responsibilities of agencies and jurisdictions within the county for emergency management operations.

2.1.3

Agencies may have developed Continuity of Operations / Continuity of Government Plans to address their core activities (Communications, Human Relations Issues, Vital Records Management, Capabilities of Training and Exercise, and the Devolution and Reconstitution Process). These plans are important to ensure organizational stability by prioritizing essential functions during an emergency. COOP / COG planning supports public trust, minimizes financial and organization losses, enhances crisis response and recovery and maintains legal and regulatory compliance. By identifying and securing these functions and organization strengthens its resilience, ensuring that it can operate even in the face of disasters or disruptions. These plans will be considered during activations.

2.1.4

COOP / COG plans should include delegation of authority, which ensures that key decisions can still be made if senior officials are absent or not able to fulfill their duties. It allows designated personnel to act on behalf of leadership, preventing delays in critical government functions. It is encouraged that each agency develops these plans and shares them with the Cowlitz County Department of Emergency Management. Succession planning establishes a clear chain of command so leadership transitions smoothly if official are incapacitated or unavailable. This prevents confusion and ensures continuity in governance.

2.1.5

COOP / COG plans should also include devolution plans. Devolution provides a backup plan for transferring essential government functions to alternate locations or lower

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Cowlitz County CEMP levels of government if the primary leadership structure is compromised. This ensures that vital services continue even in worst-case scenarios.

2.1.6

The Cowlitz County Emergency Operations Center (EOC) is the local clearinghouse and collection point for all activities and information associated with emergency response and recovery. When resource requirements exceed local capabilities, the EOC will request additional resources through local mutual aid jurisdictions and/or the Washington State Emergency Operations Center (SEOC). The SEOC will attempt to locate the requested resources either from other jurisdictions within the state or if necessary, request assistance from federal agencies. In addition, private sector and voluntary organizations may be requested to provide aid and assistance.

2.1.7

In the exercise of powers or in the performance of duties, the county shall ensure that no person is discriminated against because of race, creed, color, sex, age, handicap or any other basis not reasonably related to the accomplishment of a legitimate governmental purpose.

2.1.8

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Plan Activation:

2.1.8.1

The initial response to an emergency - or the imminent threat thereof - will generally be conducted under the basic guidelines of this Basic Plan, and the Emergency Support Functions (ESF) contained in this plan. An Incident Commander (IC) will assume command of local resources and act to protect lives, property and the environment.

2.1.8.2

If the situation exceeds or threatens to exceed the initial response, the IC will activate additional response capabilities through established procedures, mutual aid or interlocal operational agreements.

2.1.8.3.

Cowlitz County Emergency Management (EM) will support the IC and activate the necessary functions of the emergency management organization. • Activate and staff the EOC as appropriate. • Establish liaison with other organizations and entities as necessary. • Implement appropriate elements and functions of this plan.

2.1.8.4.

In the event the magnitude and complexity of an incident overwhelm or exhaust local capabilities and resources, the affected jurisdiction(s) may request EM to fully activate (Level 1) the EOC as appropriate, alert and notify the appropriate staff and officials, and implement this plan. Once the EOC has been fully activated, all emergency incident support will be coordinated through the EOC, and the Joint Information Center (JIC), should be considered to be activated and staffed.

2.1.8.5

If necessary, City and/or County Chief Elected Officials (CEOs) may issue a “Declaration of Emergency” to activate emergency powers. This will suspend normal

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Cowlitz County CEMP nonessential activities and divert local resources to augment disaster response and recovery.

2.1.9 A clear, structured conflict resolution process between agencies helps preserve operational effectiveness, mutual aid relationships, and public trust. The process should be formal enough to ensure accountability, but flexible enough to resolve issues quickly—especially when they affect emergency response. Personnel are encouraged to address issues at the lowest level possible. Resolution should focus on facts and not on personalities. It should reinforce hared mission: life safety, incident stabilization, and property conservation. Many conflicts (e.g., boundary responses, command disagreements, training standards) can be resolved informally if addressed early. If the conflict cannot be resolved at this level, then the issues should be reduced to writing and forwarded to agency command staff for review and action. Once a formal agreement has been reached it should be documented and shared with the parties 2.2. Whole Community Involvement

2.2.1.

The Whole Community is defined by the Federal government as follows: “Whole Community is a means by which residents, emergency management practitioners, organizational community leaders, and government officials can collectively understand and assess the needs of their respective communities and determine the best ways to organize and strengthen their assets, capacities, and interests. Whole Community includes individuals and families, including those identified as at-risk or vulnerable populations; businesses; faith-based and community organizations; non-profit groups; schools and academia; media outlets; and all levels of government, including state, local, tribal, territorial, and federal partners.”

2.2.2.

Involving the Whole Community is a means by which Washington State residents, businesses, non-profit organizations, emergency management practitioners, organizational and community leaders, and government officials at all levels can collectively identify and assess the needs of their respective communities and determine the best ways to organize and strengthen their assets, capacities, and interests. The Whole Community approach in Washington State attempts to engage the full capacity of the public, private and non-profit sectors. This includes businesses, faith-based and disability organizations, and the public, including people with Access and Functional Needs (AFN), people covered under the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA), people with Limited English Proficiency (LEP), and culturally diverse populations. This engagement is in conjunction with the participation of local, tribal, state, and federal governmental partners.

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2.2.2.1.

State and local governments carrying out emergency response and providing disaster assistance shall comply with all applicable non-discrimination provisions contained in RCW 49.60, Discrimination - Human Rights Commission, as well as in Public Law 110-325, Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) of 1990 as amended with ADA Amendments Act of 2008.

2.2.2.2.

Recipients of any federal funds must acknowledge and agree to comply with applicable provisions of federal civil rights laws and policies prohibiting discrimination, including, but not limited to: Title VI of the Civil Rights Act of 1964, P a g e | 25

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Cowlitz County CEMP which prohibits recipients from discriminating on the basis of race, color, or national origin. Recipients of federal financial assistance must also take reasonable steps to provide meaningful access for persons with Limited English Proficiency (LEP) to their programs and services. Providing meaningful access for persons with LEP may entail providing language assistance services, including oral interpretation and written translation. Executive Order 13166, Improving Access to Services for Persons with Limited English Proficiency (August 11, 2000), requires federal agencies issue guidance to grant recipients, assisting such organizations and entities in understanding their language access obligations. The Department of Homeland Security (DHS) published the required grant recipient guidance in April 2011, DHS Guidance to Federal Financial Assistance Recipients Regarding Title VI Prohibition Against National Origin Discrimination Affecting Limited English Proficient Persons, 76 Fed. Reg. 21755-21768, (April 18, 2011). The guidance provides helpful information such as how a grant recipient can determine the extent of its obligation to provide language services, selecting language services, and elements of an effective plan on language assistance for LEP persons.

2.2.3.

The term Access and Functional Needs (AFN) has replaced “special needs,” “vulnerable,” “high-risk,” and similar terms. People with access or functional needs are those who may have additional needs before, during and/or after an incident in functional areas including, but not limited to maintaining health, independence, communication, transportation, support, services, self-determination, and medical care. Individuals in need of additional response assistance may include people who have disabilities, who live in institutionalized settings, who are older adults, who are children, who are from diverse cultures, who have limited English proficiency or who are non-English speaking, or who are transportation disadvantaged (National Preparedness Goal, September 2015).

2.2.4.

The Pets Evacuation and Transportation Standards (PETS) Act amends the Robert T. Stafford Disaster Relief and Emergency Assistance Act to ensure state and local emergency preparedness operational plans address the needs of individuals with household pets and service animals following a major disaster or emergency. Washington State HB 1201 requires local emergency management plans to include provisions for sheltering pets during emergencies, ensuring that both people and their pets are considered in disaster preparedness. During emergency, warming / cooling sheltering local jurisdictions must list shelter location, pet evacuation information and organizations providing assistance on their agency websites.

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Cowlitz County CEMP 2.3. Operational Objectives

2.3.1.

Incident Management - Operational objectives are based on the following priorities: • Life Safety; • Incident Stabilization; • Protection of Property; and • Protection of the Environment.

2.3.2.

NIMS Components to Achieve Priorities - Incident management priorities include saving lives, stabilizing the incident, and protecting property and the environment. To achieve these priorities, incident personnel apply and implement NIMS components in accordance with the principles of flexibility, standardization, and unity of effort. The outcome of any emergency or disaster is to return the impact areas and communities to as near as normal as is possible, or establish a new normal through effective and efficient “Whole Community” coordination and collaboration.

2.3.2.1. Flexibility – allows NIMS to be scalable and, therefore, applicable for incidents that vary widely in terms of hazard, geography, demographics, climate, cultural, and organizational authorities. 2.3.2.2. Standardization – defines standard organizational structures that improve integration and connectivity among jurisdictions and organizations, defines standard practices that allow incident personnel to work together effectively and foster cohesion among the various organizations involved, and includes common terminology to enable effective communication. 2.3.2.3. Unity of Effort – coordinating activities among various organizations to achieve common objectives. Unity of effort enables organizations with specific jurisdictional responsibilities to support each other while maintaining their own authorities. 2.3.2.4. Integration – The National Incident Management System (NIMS) is part of the National Response Framework (NRF) that establishes a standardized incident response. NIMS provides a systematic, proactive approach to guide departments and agencies at all levels of government to work seamlessly to prevent, protect against, respond to, recover from, and to mitigate the effects of incidents. In order to be compliant with the National Incident Management System, Cowlitz County uses the Incident Command System (ICS) to respond to incidents. ICS is a standardized all-hazards incident management approach that is flexible to the size and demands of the incident.

2.4. Request for a Proclamation of Emergency

2.4.1.

A proclamation of local emergency is made by the Mayor / City Manager of the affected city or chair of county commissioners and is the legal method that authorizes the use of extraordinary measures to solve disaster problems and to accomplish tasks associated with

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Cowlitz County CEMP responding to an incident. An emergency proclamation can suspend normal operating rules and allows for the emergency use of resources bypassing hearings and the competitive bidding process during the initial emergency (RCW 36.52.070, RCW 39.04.280, RCW 35.33.081 for cities, and RCW 36.40.180 for the county). The affected city council or county commission is advised of the proclamation as soon as practical. Any contract awarded to address the emergency situation in lieu of competitive bidding shall require a written finding by the city council, county commission or its designee of the existence of an emergency to be duly entered of record no later than two weeks following the award of the contract. The proclamation authorizes the city or county to take necessary measures to respond to an incident in order to protect lives, property, the environment, and the economy and exercise the powers vested in RCW 38.52.070.

2.4.2.

In the event of an emergency, or imminent threat thereof, the Mayor / City Manager of the affected city or chair of county commissioners has the authority to proclaim an emergency. Additional details of the Emergency Proclamation Process can be found in the Emergency Operations Center Procedures Plan. The EOC Duty Officer, EOC Director, or their designee is responsible for working with the city or county attorney to prepare an emergency proclamation. Once signed, the EOC Duty Officer/EOC Director is responsible for the notification of appropriate county, state, and federal agencies following the proclamation. Requests to the Governor to proclaim a State of Emergency are made by the mayor through the Cowlitz County Emergency Operations Center (CCEOC). Proclamation by the Governor is necessary to pursue a Presidential Disaster Declaration and federal disaster relief funds.

2.4.3.

Jurisdictions should establish a line of succession authorizing the issuance of a Proclamation of Emergency. Note: A Proclamation of Emergency does not necessarily guarantee any financial reimbursement.

2.4.4.

Termination of a Proclamation of Emergency - The decision to terminate a proclamation should be coordinated with the jurisdictions which were part of the emergency operation. They may have different response needs which will influence the decision. To terminate the Proclamation of Emergency, the City Mayor or Chair of the County Commission can rescind the Proclamation at the next regular meeting of the City Council or County Commission.

2.5. Cowlitz County Emergency Operations Center (CCEOC) Activation

2.5.1.

The Cowlitz County EOC may be activated by any of the following or their designated alternatives. • • • •

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Cowlitz County CEMP • •

Emergency Management Director or Duty Officer On-Scene Incident Commander

2.5.2.

Procedures to Activate EOC

To activate the EOC, the requesting individual should notify the EOC Duty Officer. LEVEL DESCRIPTION

2.5.3.

EXAMPLE

Minimal staffing available to monitor the situation, answer the main EOC phone line, call in additional staff if needed, and provide limited support to field operations as requested A level three activation may also be done remotely with the EOC Duty Officer performing all functions and utilizing the EOC Duty Officer phone as the main EOC line. Minimal staffing of all appropriate EOC sections to facilitate interdepartmental coordination, public information dissemination, and information collection and distribution through situation reports.

Full staffing to perform all required functions of the EOC.

Certain weather advisories or watches, activation of a cooperator operations center, a planned community event, and/or minor field incident needing minimal support.

Moderate earthquake requiring damage assessment, major wind or winter storm, major evacuation and/or moderate flooding or wildfire event. Major earthquake, major flood or multiple departments involved in full response or support to another major event.

EOC Primary and Alternate Locations

The Emergency Management Director is responsible for ensuring the maintenance and operational readiness of the primary EOC and coordinating the readiness of the alternate EOCs. The EOC should include facilities for feeding personnel and an emergency power source capable of maintaining a functioning, fully staffed EOC for a minimum of 72 hours.

2.5.4.

Restoration of Public Services

Efforts to restore public services to a basic functioning level shall be generally prioritized as listed below.

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Cowlitz County CEMP Tier 1 • • •

•

• • • •

Tier 2

Emergency Responder Communications Vehicle access to emergency medical facilities Fire control, hazard mitigation, and general rescue Emergency medical services Security and Public Order Water production and distribution Wastewater collection

• • •

• •

Electrical service Telephone service Vehicle access on arterial and collector roadways Natural gas service Internal communications

Tier 3 •

•

Normal incident command to govern response includes property protection and protection of the economy and the environment All other public services will be restored as soon as possible at the direction of the Incident Commander (IC) after consulting with elected officials.

3. Direction, Control, and Coordination 3.1. Multi-Jurisdictional Coordination

3.1.1

Key concepts of the Plan include Incident Command System (ICS), Emergency Support Functions (ESFs), reliable and redundant communication systems and processes, Department Operations Centers (DOCs), Emergency Operations Center (EOC) responsibilities, resource management, mutual aid agreements, and memoranda of agreement or understanding.

3.1.2

Cowlitz County government jurisdictions shall establish overall direction, control, and coordination through the EOC to support the community’s response to a disaster. This should include coordination among department/agency heads for the continuity of operations of essential government services.

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Cowlitz County CEMP

Horizontal Integration

3.2.

This plan is one of a family of emergency plans created by Cowlitz County Department of Emergency Management to provide the policy framework by which other emergency plans are guided. This plan provides guidance in preparing for, responding to, and recovering from an incident. It discusses guidelines on how city departments organize, direct, control, and coordinate their actions to continue essential functions during incidents. The Plan may also provide guidance and assistance in decision-making.

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Cowlitz County CEMP Vertical Integration

3.3.

The Plan uses the Incident Command System (ICS), a federally mandated command and control structure implemented during an incident. The Plan is compliant with FEMA’s Comprehensive Preparedness Guide for uniformity with local and federal government and the National Response Framework. This CEMP Basic Plan integrates vertically with the Washington State Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan and the Homeland Security Region 4 (HSR4) Mutual Aid Agreement, as well as any city plans at the local level, and remains flexible to coordinate with any other plans as needed and as appropriate.

Unity of Effort through Core Capabilities

3.4.

The core capabilities contained in the National Preparedness Goal are the distinct critical elements necessary for our success. They are highly interdependent and require us to use existing preparedness networks and activities, coordinate and unify efforts, improve training and exercise programs, promote innovation, leverage and enhance our science and technology capacity, and ensure that administrative, finance, and logistics systems are in place to support these capabilities. The core capabilities serve as both preparedness tools and as a means of structured implementation using a common language. The core capabilities are not exclusive to any single government or organization but rather require the combined efforts of the whole community.

Common All Mission Areas

3.5.

These three common capabilities serve to unify the mission areas and, in many ways, are necessary for the success of the remaining core capabilities.

COMMON CORE CAPABILITIES Planning Conduct a systematic process engaging the whole community as appropriate in the development of executable strategic, operational, and/or tactical-level approaches to meet defined objectives. Public Information and Warning Deliver coordinated, prompt, reliable, and actionable information to the whole community through the use of clear, consistent, accessible, and culturally and linguistically appropriate methods to effectively relay information regarding any threat or hazard, as well as the actions being taken, and the assistance being made available, as appropriate. Operational Coordination Establish and maintain a unified and coordinated operational structure and process that appropriately integrates all critical stakeholders and supports the execution of Core Capabilities.

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Cowlitz County CEMP Common Prevention and Protection Mission Areas

3.6.

SHARED PREVENTION & PROTECTION CORE CAPABILITIES Intelligence and Information Sharing Provide timely, accurate, and actionable information resulting from the planning, direction, collection, exploitation, processing, analysis, production, dissemination, evaluation, and feedback of available information concerning physical and cyber threats to the United States, its people, property, or interests; the development, proliferation, or use of WMDs; or any other matter bearing on U.S. national or homeland security by local, state, tribal, territorial, Federal, and other stakeholders. Information sharing is the ability to exchange intelligence, information, data, or knowledge among government or private sector entities, as appropriate. Interdiction and Disruption Delay, divert, intercept, halt, apprehend, or secure threats and/or hazards. Screening, Search, and Detection Identify, discover, or locate threats and/or hazards through active and passive surveillance and search procedures. This may include the use of systematic examinations and assessments, biosurveillance, sensor technologies, or physical investigation and intelligence.

Prevention Mission Area

3.7.

Prevention includes those capabilities necessary to avoid, prevent, or stop a threatened or actual act of terrorism. Unlike other mission areas, which are all-hazards by design, Prevention core capabilities are focused specifically on imminent terrorist threats, including on-going attacks or stopping imminent follow-on attacks.

PREVENTION CORE CAPABILITIES The capabilities to avoid, prevent, or stop a threatened or actual act of terrorism; focuses on ensuring optimal preparedness to prevent an imminent terrorist attack. Forensics and Attribution Conduct forensic analysis and attribute terrorist acts (including the means and methods of terrorism) to their source, to include forensic analysis as well as attribution for an attack and for the preparation for an attack, in an effort to prevent initial or follow-on acts and/or swiftly develop counter-options.

Protection Mission Area

3.8.

Protection includes the capabilities to safeguard the homeland against acts of terrorism and manmade or natural disasters. It focuses on actions to protect our people, our vital interests, and our way of life.

PROTECTION CORE CAPABILITIES

The capabilities to secure against acts of terrorism and manmade or natural disasters. Access Control and Identity Verification Apply and support necessary physical, technological, and cyber measures to control admittance to critical locations and systems. 3/31/2026

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Cowlitz County CEMP PROTECTION CORE CAPABILITIES

The capabilities to secure against acts of terrorism and manmade or natural disasters. Cybersecurity Protect (and, if needed, restore) electronic communications systems, information, and services from damage, unauthorized use, and exploitation. Physical Protective Measures Implement and maintain risk-informed countermeasures and policies protecting people, borders, structures, materials, products, and systems associated with key operational activities and critical infrastructure sectors. Risk Management for Protection Programs and Activities Identify, assess, and prioritize risks to inform protection activities, countermeasures, and investments. Supply Chain Integrity and Security Strengthen the security and resilience of the supply chain.

Mitigation Mission

3.9.

Mitigation includes those capabilities necessary to reduce loss of life and property by lessening the impact of disasters. It is focused on the premise that individuals, the private and nonprofit sectors, communities, critical infrastructure, and the Nation as a whole are made more resilient when the consequences and impacts, the duration, and the financial and human costs to respond to and recover from adverse incidents are all reduced.

MITIGATION CORE CAPABILITIES

The capabilities to reduce the loss of life and property by lessening the impact of disasters. Community Resilience Enable the recognition, understanding, communication of, and planning for risk, and empower individuals and communities to make informed risk management decisions necessary to adapt to, withstand, and quickly recover from future incidents. Long-term Vulnerability Reduction Build and sustain resilient systems, communities, and critical infrastructure and key resources lifelines so as to reduce their vulnerability to natural, technological, and human-caused threats and hazards by lessening the likelihood, severity, and duration of the adverse consequences. Risk and Disaster Resilience Assessment Assess risk and disaster resilience so that decision makers, responders, and community members can take informed action to reduce their entity’s risk and increase its resilience. Threats and Hazards Identification Identify the threats and hazards that occur in the geographic area; determine the frequency and magnitude; and incorporate this into analysis and planning processes so as to clearly understand the needs of a community or entity.

3.10.

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Common Response and Recovery

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Cowlitz County CEMP SHARED RESPONSE & RECOVERY CORE CAPABILITY Infrastructure Systems Stabilize critical infrastructure functions, minimize health and safety threats, and efficiently restore and revitalize systems and services to support a viable, resilient community.

Response Mission

3.11.

Response includes those capabilities necessary to save lives, protect property and the environment, and meet basic human needs after an incident has occurred. It is focused on ensuring that the Nation is able to effectively respond to any threat or hazard, including those with cascading effects. Response emphasizes saving and sustaining lives, stabilizing the incident, rapidly meeting basic human needs, restoring basic services and technologies, restoring community functionality, providing universal accessibility, establishing a safe and secure environment, and supporting the transition to recovery.

RESPONSE CORE CAPABILITIES The capabilities to save lives, protect property and the environment, and meet basic human needs after an incident has occurred. Critical Transportation Provide transportation (including infrastructure access and accessible transportation services) for response priority objectives, including the evacuation of people and animals and the delivery of vital response personnel, equipment, and services into the affected areas. Environmental Response/Health & Safety Conduct appropriate measures to ensure the protection of the health and safety of the public and workers, as well as the environment, from all hazards in support of responder operations and the affected communities. Fatality Management Services Provide fatality management services, including decedent remains recovery and victim identification, and work with local, state, tribal, territorial, insular area, and Federal authorities to provide mortuary processes, temporary storage or permanent internment solutions, sharing information with mass care services for the purpose of reunifying family members and caregivers with missing persons/remains, and providing counseling to the bereaved. Fire Management & Suppression Provide structural, wildland, and specialized firefighting capabilities to manage and suppress fires of all types, kinds, and complexities while protecting the lives, property, and environment in the affected area. Logistics & Supply Chain Management Deliver essential commodities, equipment, and services in support of impacted communities and survivors, to include emergency power and fuel support, as well as the coordination of access to community staples. Synchronize logistics capabilities and enable the restoration of impacted supply chains. Mass Care Services Provide life-sustaining and human services to the affected population, to include hydration, feeding, sheltering, temporary housing, evacuee support, reunification, and distribution of emergency supplies. 3/31/2026

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Cowlitz County CEMP RESPONSE CORE CAPABILITIES The capabilities to save lives, protect property and the environment, and meet basic human needs after an incident has occurred. Mass Search & Rescue Operations Deliver traditional and atypical search and rescue capabilities, including personnel, services, animals, and assets to survivors in need, with the goal of saving the greatest number of endangered lives in the shortest time possible. On-scene Security, Protection, & Law Enforcement Ensure a safe and secure environment through law enforcement and related security and protection operations for people and communities located within affected areas and also for response personnel engaged in lifesaving and life-sustaining operations. Operational Communications Ensure the capacity for timely communications in support of security, situational awareness, and operations, by any and all means available, among and between affected communities in the impact area and all response forces. Public Health, Healthcare, & Emergency Medical Services Provide lifesaving medical treatment via Emergency Medical Services and related operations and avoid additional disease and injury by providing targeted public health, medical, and behavioral health support and products to all affected populations. Situational Assessment Provide all decision makers with decision-relevant information regarding the nature and extent of the hazard, any cascading effects, and the status of the response.

Recovery Mission

3.12.

Recovery includes those capabilities necessary to assist communities affected by an incident to recover effectively. Support for recovery ensures a continuum of care for individuals to maintain and restore health, safety, independence and livelihoods, especially those who experience financial, emotional, and physical hardships. Successful recovery ensures that we emerge from any threat or hazard stronger and positioned to meet the needs of the future. Recovery capabilities support wellcoordinated, transparent, and timely restoration, strengthening, and revitalization of infrastructure and housing; an economic base; health and social systems; and a revitalized cultural, historic, and environmental fabric. RECOVERY CORE CAPABILITIES The core capabilities to assist communities affected by an incident to recover effectively Economic Recovery Return economic and business activities (including food and agriculture) to a healthy state and develop new business and employment opportunities that result in an economically viable community. Health & Social Services Restore and improve health and social services capabilities and networks to promote the resilience, independence, health (including behavioral health), and well-being of the whole community. Housing

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Cowlitz County CEMP RECOVERY CORE CAPABILITIES The core capabilities to assist communities affected by an incident to recover effectively Implement housing solutions that effectively support the needs of the whole community and contribute to its sustainability and resilience. Natural & Cultural Resources Protect natural and cultural resources and historic properties through appropriate planning, mitigation, response, and recovery actions to preserve, conserve, rehabilitate, and restore them consistent with post-disaster community priorities and best practices and in compliance with applicable environmental and historic preservation laws and Executive orders.

4. Organization Emergency Management

4.1.

4.1.1.

Cowlitz County Ordinance #04-008 establishes the Cowlitz County Department of Emergency Management (CCDEM) in accordance with directives in RCW 38.52.070. The department is a division of the Cowlitz County Sheriff’s Office and is operated by a full-time director appointed by the Cowlitz County Sheriff. CCDEM provides emergency management services to unincorporated Cowlitz County and the five (5) incorporated cities in the county (Castle Rock, Kalama, Kelso, Longview and Woodland) through contracted services.

4.1.2.

The Cowlitz County Emergency Management Advisory Council (EMAC), is made up of representatives of the contracting jurisdictions. It reviews agency operations and may make recommendations to the Director. The Director of the CCDEM is an ex-officio member of EMAC and shall administer the agency.

4.1.3.

Normal day-to-day organizational structures and chains-of-command will be maintained to the greatest extent possible in government and supporting organizations.

4.1.4.

This CEMP utilizes Emergency Support Functions (ESF), which identify sources for direct assistance and operational support that the county and local jurisdictions may need in order to implement hazard mitigation and preparedness or respond and recover from an emergency or disaster. The CEMP consists of:

4.1.4.1. The Basic Plan, which identifies policies and concepts of operations that guide the county’s preparedness, mitigation, response, and recovery activities. 4.1.4.2. The ESFs, which describe the mission, policies, concepts of operation, and responsibilities of primary and support agencies involved in the implementation of activities

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Cowlitz County CEMP Jurisdictional Organizational Structure

4.2.

4.2.1.

Tactical and operational direction, and control of emergency management response and recovery activities will be conducted on-site by an Incident Commander (IC) representing an agency or agencies with functional responsibility, depending on the nature of the incident or emergency. Requests for assistance will be made through normal channels until the Emergency Operations Center (EOC) has become operational, at which time requests for assistance and resources should be directed to the EOC.

Elected Officials / Policy Group

EOC Public Information Officer ESF 15

EOC Liaison

EOC Director EOC Safety

EOC Operations Coordination

EOC Planning

EOC Logistics

EOC Finance / Administration

Emergency Organizational Structure

4.3.

4.3.1.

ICS and EOC organizational structures develop in a modular fashion based on an incident’s size, complexity, and hazard environment. Responsibility for establishing and expanding ICS organizations and EOC teams ultimately rests with the Incident Commander (or Unified Command) and the EOC director. Responsibility for functions that subordinates perform defaults to the next higher supervisory position until the supervisor delegates those responsibilities. As incident complexity increases, organizations expand as the Incident Commander, Unified Command, EOC director, and subordinate supervisors delegate additional functional responsibilities.

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Cowlitz County CEMP 4.3.2.

Maintaining an appropriate span of control helps ensure an effective and efficient incident management operation. It enables management to direct and supervise subordinates and to communicate with and manage all resources under their control. The optimal span of control for incident management is one supervisor to five subordinates (range three to seven); however, effective incident management frequently necessitates ratios significantly different from this.

4.3.3.

Bringing representatives from various stakeholder and partner organizations together in the EOC optimizes unity of effort and enables staff to share information, provide legal and policy guidance to on-scene personnel, plan for contingencies, deploy resources efficiently, and generally provide whatever support is required. The composition of EOC teams may also vary depending on the nature and complexity of the incident or situation. Regardless of which organizations are represented, all EOC teams receive oversight from elected and/or appointed officials such as governors, tribal leaders, county commissioners, mayors, and city managers. They typically make decisions regarding priorities and on issues such as emergency declarations, large-scale evacuations, access to extraordinary emergency funding, waivers to ordinances and regulations, and adjudication of scarce resources.

4.3.4.

The EOC Director is responsible for coordination of EOC activities, such as interfacing with the Policy Group, Incident Command and other government agencies and private organizations, and may also authorize support staff to perform functions such as public information, liaison, safety, and security.

4.3.5.

The EOC Operations Coordination Section is responsible for the initial receipt and coordination of information and requests related to field response. This section also maintains communications with field representatives and shares vital information with other EOC workers. This section is headed by the EOC Operations Coordination Section Chief, who reports to the EOC Director. Ideally, the EOC Operations Coordination Section Chief is drawn from the lead incident response department. Department or ESF representatives coordinate resources and information with their own department personnel and may work together to ensure the best possible coordination of effort for overall response. Incident-specific agencies, such as a pipeline company, can be added as needed. If necessary, the following branches may be created to maintain the appropriate span of control for the EOC Operations Section Chief; Infrastructure (ESF 1, 3 & 12), Public Health (ESF 6 & 8) Public Safety (ESF 4, 9, 10 & 13) and Agriculture / Natural Resources (ESF 11).

4.3.6.

The EOC Planning Section is responsible for the collection, verification, evaluation and dissemination of information related to the incident or emergency and for the preparation and documentation of EOC Action Plans and Situation Reports. This section also maintains information on the current and forecasted situation related to the emergency. This section is headed by the EOC Planning Section Chief, who reports to the EOC Director. Information collected is incorporated into organized Situation Reports, which are then distributed to recipients within and outside the EOC.

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Cowlitz County CEMP 4.3.6.1. The message controller monitors all information-sharing and sends key information to the display processors for posting on the whiteboards, overhead projected display, and/or WebEOC. 4.3.6.2.

The Documentation Unit maintains incident documentation for the entire EOC.

4.3.6.3. The Check-in Recorder in the Resources Unit oversees the check-in/check-out and assignment of EOC staff. 4.3.6.4. The EOC Planning Section also engages technical specialists such as GISmapping, hydrology, weather, and hazmat experts to provide specialized information to assist in incident planning. They work with the Operations Coordination Section to advise on upcoming issues and develop a plan for resolving them. 4.3.6.5. When ready, the Demobilization Unit coordinates the de-escalation of the EOC response.

4.3.7.

The EOC Logistics Section is responsible for providing service, support, supplies, equipment, personnel, and other resources. This section is headed by the Logistics Section Chief, who reports to the EOC Director.

4.3.7.1. The Facilities Unit handles food service for the EOC, EOC security, technical assistance with phones and computers, communications, and other general support functions within the facility. 4.3.7.2. Within the Supply Unit, staff handle both internal and external resource requests. They identify needed resources and work with Finance and Administration to procure them. If local resources are exhausted, resource requests are forwarded to the Washington State EOC after EOC Director approval. 4.3.7.3. The EOC Logistics Section may also help with volunteer and donations management coordination. The Communications Unit may establish, and document communication systems used during response and relays incident information within the EOC using call-takers, amateur radio operators, and message distributors.

4.3.8.

The EOC Finance / Administration is responsible for monitoring costs, procurements, contracts, and other financial considerations. This section is co-located with the Logistics Section. It is headed by the EOC Finance and Administration Section Chief, who reports to the EOC Director. It may be staffed by representatives from the local jurisdiction’s Finance and Human Resources and Risk Management departments. The EOC Finance and Administration Section issues checks and purchase orders and expends public funds to secure emergency resources located by the EOC Logistics Section. They track the impacts of the disaster by documenting damage assessment and personnel costs, as well as injuries or damage to city personnel or equipment, or even claims against the jurisdictions by outside agencies or individuals.

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Policy Group

Cowlitz County CEMP

Situational Awareness

Planning Support Emergency Operations / Coordination Center Resources Support

Finance & Administration Center Support

Emergency Operations Center/Emergency Coordination Center

4.4.

4.4.1.

EOCs are locations where staff from multiple agencies typically come together to address imminent threats and hazards and to provide coordinated support to incident command, on-scene personnel, and/or other EOCs. EOCs may be fixed locations, temporary facilities, or virtual structures with staff participating remotely.

4.4.2.

Primary functions of staff in EOCs, whether virtual or physical, include: • • • •

Collecting, verifying, analyzing, and sharing information; Supporting resource needs and requests, including allocation and tracking; Coordinating plans and determining current and future needs; and Providing coordination and policy direction.

4.4.3.

Agencies and departments also may have operations centers. However, these organization-specific operations centers differ from multidisciplinary EOCs. These operations centers are “inward-looking” to manage and coordinate their agency/department operations only They are called Departmental Operations Center (DOC) and they do communicate with other organizations, the EOC, and may exchange liaisons with other agencies.

4.4.4.

Primary/Alternate Location

4.4.4.1. The primary EOC location is in the Cowlitz County Department of Emergency Management, 312 SW 1st, Kelso WA. The alternate EOC location is at the Lower 3/31/2026

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Cowlitz County CEMP Columbia Amateur Radio Club House, 966 Lone Oak Rd, Longview WA. The EOC is also prepared to set up in any location as needed.

4.4.5.

Activation Process

4.4.5.1. EOCs are activated for various reasons based on the needs of a jurisdiction, organization, or an Incident Commander; the context of a threat; the anticipation of events; or in response to an incident. Circumstances that might trigger EOC activation include: • • • • • • •

4.4.6.

More than one jurisdiction becomes involved in an incident and/or the incident involves multiple agencies; The Incident Commander or Unified Command indicates an incident could expand rapidly, involve cascading effects, or require additional resources; A similar incident in the past led to EOC activation; The EOC director or an appointed or elected official directs that the EOC be activated; An incident is imminent; Threshold events described in the emergency operations plan occur; and/or Significant impacts to the population are anticipated.

Activation Levels Activation Levels •

Level 3 Monitor/Stand-By •

•

• Level 2 Partial Activation

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•

Description Conditions are forecast which may pose a potential threat to life, property, or the environment. The EOC is not activated, but Emergency Management (EM) staff is at a normal monitoring state. The responsibility for managing incidents is with the responding agency/department. EM staff may conduct enhanced monitoring of a potential incident which may require extended working hours. As needed/appropriate elected officials and EOC staff may be notified for a “heads up.” The EOC will only be partially staffed by key staff as needed/appropriate and may or may not require 24-hour staffing. Contact is maintained with the impacted local jurisdictions. Incident poses a potential significant threat to life, property, the environment, and minor damage is imminent or occurring. Extended working hours, including weekends, are probable. The selected EOC staff are working at

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Cowlitz County CEMP

• •

•

Level 3 Full Activation

• • • •

4.4.7.

least part-time; other EOC staff and second-shift personnel will remain on standby. Liaisons from required agencies may be providing support in the EOC. Disaster declaration may be issued. Standard local resources are engaged. Mutual aid, state, or federal agencies are contacted, informed, and advised that their assistance may be required. Represents full activation of the EOC when conditions exist of such a magnitude as to pose an extreme threat to life, property, or the environment; or widespread damage is imminent or already occurring. All primary and second shift EOC staff are present in the EOC as scheduled. Applicable Liaison positions are activated. A disaster declaration will be declared. Local resources are fully engaged. Assistance from mutual aid, state, or federal agencies will, almost certainly, be required. Maintained into the recovery phase until the disaster/incident complexity is downgraded.

Deactivation Process

4.4.7.1. The EOC director deactivates EOC staff as circumstances allow, and the EOC returns to its closed but normal steady state condition. Deactivation typically occurs when the incident no longer needs the support and coordination functions provided by the EOC staff or those functions can be managed by individual organizations or by steady-state coordination mechanisms. EOC leadership may phase deactivation depending on mission needs. EOC staff complete resource demobilization and transfer any ongoing incident support/recovery activities before deactivating.

4.5. Emergency Roles

4.5.1.

The purpose of this section is to establish procedures to be followed when an incident occurs within Cowlitz County that necessitates the activation of the EOC. The organization of the EOC and the degree of activation will depend upon the severity and nature of the emergency and anticipated requirements for support. The purpose of the EOC is to provide centralized coordination for the community in the event of a disaster, large-scale emergency, or regional event that could overwhelm emergency resources. Specifically, the EOC is primarily involved with:

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Cowlitz County CEMP 4.5.2.

Collection and documentation of event information - Situational Awareness/Common Operating Picture (critical infrastructure surveys, information about major incidents, casualties, shelters, damage assessments, response readiness by city / county assets)

4.5.3.

Processing and distribution of event information (situation reports to city / county officials, neighboring jurisdictions, other emergency services, information releases to the media and the public)

4.5.4.

Coordination of resource support (locate and procure resources as requested by Incident Command, including requesting items or support from the city, county or state as needed, prioritize, and allocate scarce resources according to policy direction)

4.5.5.

Technical information gathering and support (flood forecasting and flood mapping, HAZUS modeling, incident mapping, etc.)

4.5.6.

Operations representatives for field operations (collection of event information from various departments with field operations). Incident Command may choose to delegate extended functions to EOC staff, but staff in the EOC do not normally make operational decisions regarding management of the incident. Rather, they coordinate with, and support Incident Command as requested.

4.5.7.

Coordinating

4.5.7.1. Coordinators oversee the preparedness activities for a particular capability and coordinate with its primary and support agencies. Responsibilities of the coordinators include: • • • •

4.5.8.

Maintaining contact with primary and support agencies through conference calls, meetings, training activities, and exercises. Monitoring the progress in meeting the core capabilities it supports. Coordinating efforts with corresponding private sector, NGOs, and Federal partners. Ensuring engagement in appropriate planning and preparedness activities.

Primary

4.5.8.1. Primary agencies have significant authorities, roles, resources, and capabilities for a particular function within a capability. Primary agencies are responsible for: • • •

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Orchestrating support within their functional area for the appropriate response core capabilities and other missions. Notifying and requesting assistance from support agencies. Managing mission assignments (in Stafford Act incidents) and coordinating with support agencies, as well as appropriate state officials, operations centers, and other stakeholders. P a g e | 44

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Cowlitz County CEMP • • • • • • •

4.5.9.

Coordinating resources resulting from mission assignments. Working with all types of organizations to maximize the use of all available resources. Monitoring progress in achieving core capability and other missions and providing that information as part of situational and periodic readiness or preparedness assessments. Planning for incident management, short-term recovery operations, and longterm recovery. Maintaining trained personnel to support interagency emergency response and support teams. Identifying new equipment or capabilities required to prevent or respond to new or emerging threats and hazards or to validate and improve capabilities to address changing risks. Promoting physical accessibility, programmatic inclusion, and effective communication for the whole community, including individuals with disabilities.

Support

4.5.9.1. Support agencies have specific capabilities or resources that support primary agencies in executing capabilities and other missions. The activities of support agencies typically include: • • • • •

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Participating in planning for incident management, short-term recovery operations, long-term-recovery, and the development of supporting operational plans, standard operating procedures, checklists, or other job aids. Providing input to periodic readiness assessments. Maintaining trained personnel to support interagency emergency response and support teams. Identifying new equipment or capabilities required to respond to new or emerging threats and hazards, or to improve the ability to address existing threats. Coordinating resources resulting from response mission assignments.

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Cowlitz County CEMP

Planning Public Information & Warning Operational Coordination Intel & Info Sharing Interdiction & Disruption Screening, Search, & Detection Forensics & Attribution Planning Public Information & Warning Operational Coordination Intel & Info Sharing Interdiction & Disruption Screening, Search, & Detection Access Control & ID Verification Cybersecurity Physical Protection Measures Risk Mgt for Protection Programs Supply Chain Integrity & Security Planning Public Information & Warning Operational Coordination Community Resilience Long-term Vulnerability Reduction Risk & Disaster Resilience Assessmt Threats & Hazards Identification

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C C P C

P S S P P P P

S P S P C

S P

C/P C/P C/P C/P C/P C/P C/P

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ESF - 15: Public Affairs P S

ESF - 13: Public Safety, Security & Evacuation ESF - 14: Long-Term Recovery

ESF - 12: Energy

ESF - 8: Public Health & Medical Services ESF - 9: Search & Rescue (Sheriff / City Fire) ESF- 10: Oil & Hazardous Materials ESF - 11: Agriculture & Natural Resources

ESF - 7: Logistics

ESF - 6: Mass Care

ESF - 5:Information & Planning

ESF - 4: Firefighting

ESF - 2: Communications

ESF - 1: Transportation

MISSION AREA PREVENTION PROTECTION MITIGATION

CORE CAPABILITIES

ESF - 3: Public Works & Engineering

Core Capabilitie s Responsibility Matrix P – Primary S – Support C - Coordinating

P P P P S P P P S S S S S S S

S S

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Cowlitz County CEMP

Planning Public Information & Warning Operational Coordination Infrastructure Systems Critical Transportation Environ. Response / Health & Safety Fatality Management Fire Management & Suppression Logistics & Supply Management Mass Care Services Mass Search & Rescue Operations On-scene Security, Protection & LE Operational Communications Public Health, Healthcare & EMS Situational Assessment Planning Public Information & Warning Operational Coordination Infrastructure Systems Economic Recovery Health & Social Services Housing Natural & Cultural Resources

P S S P

P S S

S S

P S

P S S S S S S

C/P C/P C/P C C C C C C/P C C C/P C C C/P C/P C/P C/P C C C C/P C/P

S S S

S S S S

S S C/P

P S

S S S C/P

S S C/P S S

P P P P S P

S S

S S S

C/P

ESF - 15: Public Affairs

S S

P S

P P

P S

C/P S

S S

S S S S S S

S P

S S

ESF - 13: Public Safety, Security & Evacuation ESF - 14: Long-Term Recovery

ESF - 12: Energy

ESF - 8: Public Health & Medical Services ESF - 9: Search & Rescue (Sheriff / City Fire) ESF- 10: Oil & Hazardous Materials ESF - 11: Agriculture & Natural Resources

ESF - 7: Logistics

ESF - 6: Mass Care

ESF - 5:Information & Planning

ESF - 4: Firefighting

ESF - 2: Communications

ESF - 1: Transportation

MISSION AREA RESPONSE RECOVERY

CORE CAPABILITIES

ESF - 3: Public Works & Engineering

Core Capabilitie s Responsibility Matrix P – Primary S – Support C - Coordinating

S P

S S S P P P P S P P P

Responsibilities

4.6.

4.6.1.

The goal is to work together, reviewing plans, agreements, and operational initiatives to ensure the whole community can build, sustain, and improve their capabilities to prepare for, to protect against, to respond to, to recover from, and to mitigate all hazards. Departments are also responsible for complying with their responsibilities as defined in current Mutual Aid Agreements (MAA), Memorandums of Agreement (MOA), and Memorandums of Understanding (MOU).

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Cowlitz County CEMP Elected/Appointed Officials

4.7.

4.7.1.

All Mission Areas

Jurisdictional chief executives are responsible for the public safety and welfare of the people of their jurisdiction. These officials provide strategic guidance and resources across all five mission areas. Chief elected or appointed officials must have a clear understanding of their emergency management roles and responsibilities, and how to apply the response core capabilities to make decisions regarding resources and operations during an incident, as needed. Lives may depend on their decisions. Elected and appointed officials also routinely shape or modify laws, policies, and budgets to aid preparedness efforts and improve emergency management and response capabilities.

Prevention

• May routinely shape or modify laws, policies, and budgets to aid prevention (and general preparedness) efforts.

Protection

• May routinely shape or modify laws, policies, and budgets to aid protection (and general preparedness) efforts. • Establish policy and procedures for the jurisdiction’s chain of command and succession of authority.

Mitigation

• May routinely shape or modify laws, policies, and budgets to aid mitigation efforts.

Response

• Chief executives’ response duties may include: o Obtaining assistance from other governmental agencies; o Providing direction for response activities; and o Ensuring appropriate information is provided to the public

Recovery

• Has the authority to appoint local recovery leadership that they select or that is selected by a designated recovery management organization.

Local Government Agencies/Departments

All Mission Areas

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Local governments provide leadership for services such as law enforcement, fire, public safety, environmental response, public health, emergency management, emergency medical services, and public works for all manner of threats, hazards, and emergencies. Local governments are responsible for ensuring all citizens receive timely information in a variety of accessible formats. Department and agency heads collaborate with the emergency manager during the development of local emergency plans and provide key response resources. Participation in the planning process helps to ensure that specific capabilities are integrated into a workable plan to safeguard P a g e | 48

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Cowlitz County CEMP the community. These department and agency heads (and their staff) develop, plan, and train on internal policies and procedures to meet response needs safely. They also participate in interagency training and exercises to develop and maintain necessary capabilities.

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Prevention

• Coordinate prevention resources and capabilities with neighboring jurisdictions, the state, and the private and nonprofit sectors.

Protection

• Promote: o Coordination of ongoing protection plans; o Implementation of core capabilities; and o Engagement and information sharing with private sector entities, infrastructure owners and operators, and other jurisdictions and regional entities. • Address unique geographical protection issues, trans-border concerns, dependencies and interdependencies among agencies and enterprises, and the establishment of agreements for crossjurisdictional and public-private coordination. • Local law enforcement agencies are responsible for the protection of life and property, the preservation of peace, the prevention of crime, and the arrest of violators of the law o These agencies respond to incidents, conduct criminal investigations, collect criminal intelligence, and collaborate with other law enforcement agencies to resolve crime; and o They engage in community, private industry, and interagency partnerships to identify and prevent criminal acts, including terrorism and transnational threats.

Mitigation

• Lead pre-disaster recovery and mitigation planning efforts. o Provide a better understanding of local vulnerabilities as they relate to risk reduction activities; o Actions to reduce long-term vulnerability are applied in both the pre-disaster planning and the post-disaster recovery activities of the jurisdiction; and o Improve resiliency by preparing for recovery and integrating mitigation policies into the recovery phase to ensure opportunities are not lost for risk reduction during rebuilding. • Assist in making the connection between community resilience priorities and private sector development, most often addressed directly at the local level

Response

• Prepare for and manage the response and recovery of the community. • Volunteers and Donations: Volunteers and donors support response efforts in many ways, and governments at all levels must plan to

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Cowlitz County CEMP incorporate volunteers and donated resources into response activities. • Cancel scheduled employee leave. • Require personnel to work beyond normal shifts for an extended period. • Call back department personnel. • Alter normal organization structure to complete required tasks. • Reassign staff to disaster assignments. • Suspend, reschedule, or restore normal operations. • County / City Civil Attorney o Emergency powers and legislative review o Legal support and advice

Recovery

4.7.2.

Policy Advisory Group

All Mission Areas

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• Primary role of planning and managing all aspects of a community’s recovery post-disaster: o Focus on business retention and the redevelopment of housing units that are damaged or destroyed; repairing and rebuilding presents an opportunity to promote and integrate mitigation measures into recovery rebuilding strategies and plans; o Find opportunities to share information with the public on the status of recovery efforts to maintain community coordination and focus; and o Document progress made towards objectives and best practices for use in future incidents. • Take the lead in ensuring that recovery needs assessments and planning processes are inclusive and accessible, often by establishing local recovery structures that address overall coordination, sectors impacted, and survivor services.

The Policy Advisory Group, led by the mayor or county commissioner of the affected area, and consisting of department administrators, the affected Fire Chief, DEM Director, Civil Attorney, and others, if so requested, will advise city council / county commission of policy-level decisions that require their direction and emergency legislative or budgetary actions, and will oversee the implementation of those decisions. The role of the Policy Advisory Group is to stay current on the most recent incident information from the Emergency Operations Center (EOC), inform one another of disaster conditions and implications for each department, and make necessary policy decisions related to operational challenges. Issues and conflicts that arise in an emergency should be handled at the lowest appropriate level of the incident organization. The Policy Advisory Group refers appropriate P a g e | 50

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Cowlitz County CEMP policy decisions to city council / county commission with recommendations for their action.

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Prevention

• Support and coordinate prevention resources and capabilities with neighboring jurisdictions, the state, and private and nonprofit sectors.

Protection

• Promote and support: o Coordination of ongoing protection plans; and o Implementation of core capabilities; and o Engagement and information sharing with private sector entities, infrastructure owners and operators, and other jurisdictions and regional entities.

Mitigation

• Support pre-disaster recovery and mitigation planning efforts to better link local vulnerabilities to risk reduction activities; • Support all actions that reduce long-term vulnerability through predisaster planning; • Assist in connecting community resilience priorities and private sector development and address this directly at the local level.

Response

• Recommend necessary policy decisions that require resolution by a jurisdiction executive head or legislative body, such as priorities for resource allocation; management of jurisdiction resources; clarification of command authority; suspension of functions; and programs of city government. • Provide guidance to incident managers and establish administrative objectives, including communicating legal and policy restraints, limitations on authority, political and social concerns, environmental issues, and cost considerations. • Provide guidance to Incident Commanders and PIOs regarding key messages to integrate into the overall public message. • Propose emergency budget actions if required for response and recovery, evaluate, and prioritize other department and city / county responses to balance them with future project needs to ensure adequate funding is provided to the disaster response. • Recommend the discontinuation of non-essential government operations, to keep employees off the roads and free up personnel and other resources for use in disaster response. • Provide a liaison to local, state, and congressional elected officials during and after a disaster to ensure appropriate assistance is brought to the local response effort and coordinate contacts to collect damage estimates and response costs.

Recovery

• Provide a liaison to local, state, and congressional elected officials during and after a disaster to ensure appropriate assistance is P a g e | 51

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Cowlitz County CEMP brought to the local response effort and coordinate contacts to collect damage estimates and response costs.

4.7.3.

Private Sector

All Mission Areas

Private sector entities operate in all sectors of business, commerce, private universities, and industry that support the operation, security, and resilience of global trade systems. Owners and operators of private sector entities and infrastructure should maintain situational awareness and take actions on a continuous basis to promote and build capabilities.

Prevention

• Maintain situational awareness of the current threat environment, including potential terrorism-related activities; this awareness allows private sector entities to assist in preventing terrorism by identifying and reporting potential terrorism-related activity to law enforcement

Protection

• Both private and public sector infrastructure develop and implement: o Risk-based protective programs; o Resilience strategies for infrastructure; and o Related information and operations under their control. • Make investments in security and resilience as necessary components of prudent day-to-day business and continuity of operations planning. • Work together and with public sector entities through established sector coordination bodies established under relevant legal authorities to share information and jointly address public risks.

Mitigation

Mitigation is a sound business practice that reduces disaster losses and quickens restoration of normal operations. Private sector investments in continuity and vulnerability reduction have broad benefits. Private sector entities are essential to improving resilience through planning and long-term vulnerability reduction efforts and the development of regulatory measures that address and manage risks across infrastructure sectors. A more resilient private sector strengthens community resilience by helping to sustain economic vitality and ensuring the delivery of goods and services in the aftermath of a disaster. Among numerous activities that promote and implement the mitigation core capabilities, businesses can do the following: o o o o

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Analyze and manage their own risks; Volunteer time and services; Operate business emergency operations centers; Help protect America’s infrastructure; and P a g e | 52

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Cowlitz County CEMP o Promote the return on investment realized from increased resilience, develop continuity of operations plans, and reduce vulnerability.

4.7.4.

Response

• Provide for the welfare of their employees in the workplace. • Should have a direct link to emergency managers and, in some cases, be involved in the decision-making process. • Critical infrastructure—such as privately-owned transportation and transit, telecommunications, utilities, financial institutions, hospitals, and other health regulated facilities—should have effective business continuity plans. o Unique private sector organizations, including critical infrastructure and regulated entities, may require additional efforts to promote resilience. • Certain regulated facilities or hazardous operations may be legally responsible for preparing for and preventing incidents and responding when an incident occurs. • Participate in state and local preparedness activities by providing resources (donated or compensated) through local public-private emergency plans, or mutual aid and assistance agreements, or in response to requests from government and nongovernmentalvolunteer initiatives.

Recovery

• Participate in coordination opportunities during pre-disaster planning processes. • Maintain communication with the recovery officials about the status of operations and supply chains, as well as restoration challenges and timelines. • Businesses that plan for disruption are less likely to go out of business after an incident than those that do not. o Develop continuity plans that include actionable, effective, and accessible internal communication processes and protocols to convey critical information. • May provide volunteers, leaders, technical assistance, commodities, and facilities to support the recovery effort.

Nongovernmental/Volunteer and Community Organizations

All Mission Areas

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Nongovernmental Organizations include voluntary, racial and ethnic, faith-based, veteran-based, and nonprofit organizations that provide sheltering, emergency food supplies, and other essential support services. Communities are groups that share goals, values, and institutions. They are not always bound by geographic boundaries or political divisions. Instead, they may be faith-based organizations, neighborhood partnerships, advocacy groups, academia, social and P a g e | 53

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Cowlitz County CEMP community groups, and associations. All these groups bring people together in different ways for different reasons, but each provides opportunities for sharing information and promoting collective action by fostering the development and organizational capacity to act toward a common goal. Communities may be the most effective actors to take specific action to manage and reduce their specific risks.

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Prevention

• May possess the knowledge and understanding of the threats they face and have the capacity to alert authorities of potential terrorismrelated information and/or suspicious activities. • Support terrorism prevention activities through information sharing by identifying and reporting potential terrorism-related information to law enforcement.

Protection

• Understand the threats and hazards in their locales. • Promote, implement, and deliver core capabilities within the Protection Mission by: o Sharing information; o Establishing protection standards of practice; and o Advocate for, or assistance service providers to community members by helping communities, individuals, and households to receive the protection information and resources. • Playing a central role in the development of Protection plans and in identifying and implementing solutions to Protection challenges. o As risks transect geographical and jurisdictional boundaries, communities are essential partners for understanding how to manage complex Protection issues across multiple spheres of responsibility.

Mitigation

• Represent communities and many groups in mitigation policy discussions. • Apply a localized understanding of risks to effective planning. o Identify strategic mitigation options. • As able, promote and implement mitigation activities without necessarily holding a formal position of authority within a jurisdiction. • May provide training and education to communities, including howto guides.

Response

• Possess the knowledge and understanding of the vital roles for delivering important services; some are officially designated as support elements to national response capabilities: o The American Red Cross is chartered by Congress to provide relief to survivors of disasters and help people prevent, prepare for, and respond to emergencies. The Red Cross has P a g e | 54

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Cowlitz County CEMP a legal status of “a federal instrumentality” and maintains a special relationship with the Federal Government. In this capacity, the American Red Cross supports several ESFs and the delivery of multiple core capabilities. o National Voluntary Organizations Active in Disaster (National VOAD): is the forum where organizations share knowledge and resources throughout the disaster cycle— preparation, response, recovery, and mitigation—to help disaster survivors and their communities. National VOAD is a consortium of approximately 50 national organizations and 55 territorial and state equivalents. o National Center for Missing & Exploited Children (NCMEC). Within the NCMEC, the National Emergency Child Locator Center (NECLC) facilitates the expeditious identification and reunification of children with their families. • Support the volunteer and donations objective for managing the influx of volunteers and donations to voluntary agencies and all levels of government before, during, and after an incident. o The goal is to support jurisdictions affected by disasters through close collaboration with the voluntary organizations and agencies.

Recovery

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• Foster relationship building with local emergency management organization. • Maintain access to extended networks through local offices and chapters of the organization, providing contextually based insight and access to potential recovery partnerships and resilience champions. • Play a critical role in the implementation of an inclusive, locally led recovery organization and planning process. • Some NGOs are part of Voluntary Organizations Active in Disaster (VOAD) or Community Organizations Active in Disaster (COAD), which are responsible for meeting disaster-caused unmet needs of disaster survivors. • May note milestones achieved and document best practices for their use and for the benefit of their peers. o This information may also be implemented into the planning process for the state VOAD or COAD as appropriate. • May provide experience and subject matter expertise greatly assisting with the management of money, manpower, and materials to meet recovery needs and obligations that otherwise are not funded by government programs.

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Cowlitz County CEMP • In addition to collaborating on disaster planning with recovery partners, it is beneficial for NGOs to develop their own plans for how they will support disaster recovery efforts.

4.7.5.

Individual Community Members Although not formally part of emergency management operations, individuals, families, and households play an important role in emergency preparedness; each can be better prepared in the immediate aftermath of a disaster if they:

All Mission Areas

• Build an emergency kit that includes food, water, battery powered communication devices, and other essential needs. • Prepare emergency plans, with family members who have access and functional needs, to address evacuation, sheltering-in-place, and sheltering needs; include medical needs; provisions for their animals, including household pets or service and assistance animals; prepare for the essential needs of their children and ensure children know the family emergency plan. • Contribute to the preparedness and resilience of their households and communities by volunteering with emergency organizations and completing emergency response training courses. Safe, secure, and prepared individuals, families, and households are often less dependent on response services, which, in turn, places fewer responders in hazardous response situations. Those who prepare will reduce their personal stress, be able to reach out to others in need of assistance and be better positioned to actively contribute to postdisaster response and recovery efforts.

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Prevention

• Identify and report potential terrorism-related activity to law enforcement. o Individual vigilance and awareness help communities remain safer and bolster prevention efforts.

Protection

• Understand the threats and hazards in their locales o Acquire an awareness of potential threats and hazards through sources such as news outlets, local emergency management agencies, public information and warning systems, community education campaigns, and information-sharing mechanisms. ▪ Take risk-informed protective actions based on this knowledge.

Mitigation

Mitigation begins with individual awareness and action; informed decisions facilitate actions that reduce risk and enable individuals, P a g e | 56

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Cowlitz County CEMP families, and households to better withstand, absorb, or adapt to the impacts of threats and hazards and quickly recover from future incidents. Homeowners who have adequate hazard and flood insurance coverage and take steps to protect their property from hazards common to their area, reduce the impacts of an incident and are less reliant on external assistance to repair or rebuild their homes. • Stay aware of and participate in disaster preparedness efforts in their community. • Become aware of planning efforts regarding floodplain management, building codes, and land use and environmental regulations. • Take actions and the basic steps to prepare themselves for emergencies. o Reduce hazards in and around their homes through efforts such as raising utilities above flood level or securing unanchored objects against the threat of high winds.

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Response

• Prepare to take care of themselves and their neighbors until assistance arrives. o Preparedness should account for a minimum of three days (72 hours). o Due to the unique catastrophic hazard profile in the State of Washington, EMD recommends to prepare for 14 days. • Monitor emergency communications and follow guidance and instructions provided by local authorities.

Recovery

• After suffering losses, survivors can: o Maximize any benefits from insurance coverage; o Pursue additional funding through any available personal or loan-based resources; o Apply for local, regional/metropolitan, state, tribal, territorial, insular area, or Federal program assistance that may be available: ▪ After applying, survivors should: ✓ Ensure they follow up on agency requests; ✓ Gain full understanding of program processes; ✓ Express any unmet needs. • Get involved in their community’s recovery activities, including providing input in the post-disaster recovery planning process.

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Cowlitz County CEMP

5. Communications Leadership

5.1.

5.1.1.

Leadership at the incident level and in EOCs, facilitates communication through the development and use of a common communications plan, interoperable communications processes, and systems that include voice and data links. Integrated communications provide and maintain contact among and between incident resources, enable connectivity between various levels of government, achieve situational awareness, and facilitate information sharing. Planning, both in advance of and during an incident, addresses equipment, systems, and protocols necessary to achieve integrated voice and data communications. Each Emergency Support Function (ESF) annex to this plan includes “Essential Elements of Information” (EEI) to support communication and information management for incident response.

5.1.2.

The principles of communications and information management, which support incident managers in maintaining a constant flow of information during an incident, are (1) Interoperability; (2) Reliability, Scalability, and Portability; (3) Resilience and Redundancy; and (4) Security. Information and intelligence management includes identifying Essential Elements of Information (EEI) to ensure personnel gather the most accurate and appropriate data, translate it into useful information, and communicate it with appropriate personnel.

Interoperable Communications Plans

5.2.

5.2.1.

Federal

5.2.1.1.

National Emergency Communications Plan (NECP)

5.2.1.1.1. The NECP is the Nation’s strategic plan for emergency communications that promotes communication and sharing of information across all levels of government, jurisdictions, disciplines, and organizations for all threats and hazards, as needed and when authorized.

5.2.2.

State

5.2.2.1.

The Alert and Warning Center (AWC)

5.2.2.1.1. The AWC is a function of the State Emergency Operations Center (SEOC) which provides 24-hour, 7 days a week coverage for notifications, alerts, and warnings of emergency events and incidents affecting Washington State. The AWC provides continuous situational monitoring during nonemergency periods as well as in times of disaster and emergency. Federal, state, local and tribal officials are then responsible for further dissemination or action as needed.

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Cowlitz County CEMP 5.2.2.2.

Information Management Systems

5.2.2.2.1. Washington State maintains information management systems, such as WebEOC, to manage disasters and emergencies and to support and increase public safety information sharing. The system provides the SEOC and local jurisdictions with a platform to receive, process and manage information. The system is used as a gateway to share information and provide communications among county/city EOCs, the SEOC and state, federal, and local public safety entities. This information sharing allows authorized users to make informed decisions regarding public safety operations during disasters or emergencies and supports statewide collaboration. 5.2.2.3. State Radio Amateur Civil Emergency Services (RACES) Plan – RACES is utilized during a variety of emergency/disaster situations where normal governmental communications systems have sustained damage or when additional communications are required/desired. Situations that RACES can be used include natural disasters, technological disasters, terrorist incidents, civil disorder, and nuclear/chemical incidents or attack. The purpose of this plan is to provide guidance, establish responsibility, and ensure coordinated operations between State of Washington government officials (state/local) and the RACES organizations during times when there are extraordinary threats to the safety of life and/or property. This plan enables agencies and organizations having emergency responsibilities to include the RACES organizations in local emergency plans and programs. In Cowlitz County, this capability is provided the volunteer amateur radio operators of the Auxiliary Communications Service (ACS). 5.2.2.4. State Telecommunications Service Priority (TSP) Planning Guidance - The TSP System is a priority-based system for the installation of new telecommunications services which may be needed during a national emergency or disaster, as well as the restoration of TSP identified telecommunications services at any time. The purpose of this planning guide is to describe the State of Washington's policy and procedures for the Telecommunications Service Priority (TSP) system. It summarizes the legal and regulatory basis and procedures for all non-federal government agencies in Washington. It will aid potential users in determining eligibility for TSP and outlines the procedures for submitting TSP applications in Washington. 5.2.2.5. Statewide Communications Interoperability Plan (SCIP) – A statewide strategic plan to enhance interoperable and emergency communications. The purpose of the Washington SCIP is to: 1) provide the strategic direction and alignment for those responsible for interoperable and emergency communications at the State, regional, local, and tribal levels, and 2), explain to leadership and elected officials the vision for interoperable and emergency communications and demonstrate the need for funding. 5.2.2.6. Washington Statewide AMBER Alert Plan – A program of voluntary cooperation between broadcasters, cable systems, and local and state law enforcement agencies to enhance the public’s ability to assist in recovering abducted children. AMBER Alert 3/31/2026

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Cowlitz County CEMP notification is supported by the AMBER Alert Web Portal (Portal) and the Emergency Alert System (EAS). The Federal Communications Commission has authorized activation of the EAS for AMBER Alerts using the “child abduction emergency” code. 5.2.2.7. Appendix: Communicating with Limited English Proficient Populations; Washington State CEMP - ESF 15

Community Communications Plans

5.3.

5.3.1.

The Cowlitz County Department of Emergency Management (CCDEM)

5.3.1.1. CCDEM has 24-hour, seven day a week duty officer coverage for notifications, alerts and warnings of emergency events and incidents affecting Cowlitz County. CCDEM maintains a plan and log of monthly radio checks conducted with other participating communities. One of the primary duties of the duty officer is to provide expeditious notifications to the citizens of Cowlitz County. It is understood that expeditious notifications in certain events (hazardous spills or releases, Dam Failure, flash flooding) will have a direct impact on life safety. Cowlitz County 911 Authority handles all emergency communications for Law Enforcement, Fire, and Emergency Medical Services in Cowlitz County.

5.3.2.

Information Management Systems

5.3.2.1. CCDEM maintains information management systems, such as WebEOC, to manage emergencies and support public safety information sharing. The system provides local jurisdictions with a platform to receive, process, and manage information. The system is used as a gateway to share information and provide communications among county/city/EOCs/ECCs. This information sharing allows authorized users to make informed decisions regarding public safety operations during disasters or emergencies and supports countywide collaboration.

5.3.3.

Cowlitz County Auxiliary Communications Service (ACS) Plan

5.3.3.1. ACS is an organization of dedicated licensed amateur radio volunteers who provide radio communications in support of state and local government agencies during times of an emergency or disaster. RACES provides essential communications and warning links to supplement state and local government assets during these emergency situations. 5.3.3.2. ACS of Cowlitz County has established predetermined local emergency frequencies for amateur radio volunteers to assist cities and the county during emergency operations. They can be contacted at http://www.facebook.com/groups/CowlitzCountyACS/

5.3.4. 3/31/2026

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Cowlitz County CEMP 5.3.4.1. ESF: 2: Communication, Information and Warning Systems describes communications infrastructure, resources and processes. This includes how emergency alerts are issued within the county, including access to the Integrated Public Alert and Warning System (IPAWS) and frameworks for interoperable communications between responders and the EOC.

5.3.5.

Limited-English Proficiency (LEP) and Access and Functional Needs (AFN) Communications Plan (IECP)

5.3.5.1. The CCDEM Inclusive Emergency Communications Plan (IECP) outlines the CCDEM’s actions to safeguard all residents by making emergency communications accessible to all, including residents with LEP and those with other AFN. In collaboration and coordination with other jurisdictions, public agencies, and community partners, the CCDEM will convey critical life safety messages to all residents pursuant to RCW 38.52.070 inclusive emergency communication requirements. 5.3.5.2. The CCDEM supports regional coordination of life-safety messaging by maintaining contact information for Public Information Officers (PIO’s) of neighboring jurisdictions, media contacts, translation services, and regional partners including the Cowlitz County Ethnic Support Council, a group of volunteers who can assist in disseminating critical information to county residents, including LEP communities and those with other access and functional needs. 5.3.5.3. It is understood that providing properly translated alerts and emergency information is crucial for life safety to LEP and AFN communities, and every effort will be made to provide such information in a timely manner. 5.3.5.4. The CCDEM is committed to improving emergency communications to the public post incident. The effectiveness of communicating life safety information to the public will be evaluated through the CCDEM After-Action Report process which includes gathering data and notes from hot-washes, after-action meetings, and interviews. 5.3.5.5. The CCDEM conducts periodic reviews to identify technological limitations that would affect the life and health safety of LEP during the issuance of emergency alerts. In the last review period, there were no technological limitations experienced in the issuance of emergency alerts that would affect the life and health safety of LEP or AFN populations.

5.3.6.

Communications Resources

5.3.6.1. The CCDEM operates with the following list of communication resources: 800 MHz radio systems, VHF radios, CEMNET radio, amateur radios, weather radio (incoming only), landline, cellular and IPN telephones, fax machines, e-mail, internet, AM/FM radio (incoming only) television (incoming only), and social media.

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Cowlitz County CEMP 5.3.6.2. During a disaster, or when normal communication methods are not in service, amateur radio operators may be the most reliable form of communication. Amateur radio equipment is located at the Cowlitz County EOC in the radio room. The CCDEM also has a Mobile Communications Response Unit (MCRU) which can be deployed to set up emergency communications in the field or in support of a backup EOC.

6. Administration The Governor, Washington Military Department, Emergency Management Division (EMD), and other governmental officials require information concerning the nature, magnitude, and impact of a disaster or emergency. This information allows for evaluating and providing the most efficient and appropriate distribution of resources and services during the response and the recovery from a disaster or emergency. State agencies, local jurisdictions, and other organizations provide these reports, including but not limited to: • Situation reports • Requests for proclamations of emergency • Requests for assistance • Costs/expenditures reports • Damage assessment reports • After-Action Reports

6.1.

Documentation 6.2.1 Records will be kept in such a manner to separately identify incident-related expenditures and obligations from general programs and activities of local jurisdictions or organizations. Complete and accurate records are necessary to document requests for assistance, for reimbursement under approved applications pertaining to declared emergencies or major disasters, and for audit reports.

6.2.

Retention 6.3.1. Accurate emergency logs and expenditure records must be kept from the very beginning of an event to receive the maximum amount of entitled reimbursement should Federal Assistance become available. Records should be kept in such a manner to separate disaster expenditures from general ongoing expenditures and accurately document expenditures for potential audit or for state and/or Federal Disaster Assistance programs.

6.3.

Preservation 6.3.1. Local government offices may coordinate the protection of their essential records with the state archivist as necessary to provide continuity of government under emergency

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Cowlitz County CEMP conditions pursuant to RCW 40.10.010. Cities and County will comply with their local rules and regulations to comply with Washington State Public Records Act RCW 42.56.

7. Finance Local

7.1.

7.1.1.

Local jurisdictions requesting assistance should assume the resources requested will need to be paid out of local funding. Local jurisdictions may incur disaster-related obligations and expenditures in accordance with the provisions of RCW 38.52.070(2), applicable state statutes and local codes, charters, and ordinances, which may include but are not limited to the following: • Emergency expenditures for cities with populations less than 300,000. RCW 35.33.081. • Emergency expenditures for towns and cities with an ordinance providing for a biennial budget. RCW 35.33.081. • Emergency expenditures for code cities. RCW 35A.33.080 and RCW 35A.34.140. • Emergency expenditures for counties. RCW 36.40.180.

Federal

7.2.

7.2.1.

The Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) requires that state and local governments receiving federal financial assistance under the Stafford Act comply with FEMA’s rules prohibiting discrimination, as provided in 44 Code of Federal Regulation (CFR) § 206.11. As a result of this federal requirement, state, and local governments seeking to receive federal disaster assistance will follow a program of non-discrimination and incorporates FEMA’s Whole Community approach (discussed in the Concept of Operations section). This requirement encompasses all state and local jurisdiction actions to the Federal/State Agreement.

7.2.1.1. All personnel carrying out federal major disaster or emergency assistance functions, including the distribution of supplies, the processing of applications, and other relief and assistance activities, shall perform their work in an equitable and impartial manner, without discrimination on the grounds of race, religion, sex, color, age, economic status, physical and sensory limitations, Limited English Proficiency (LEP), or national origin. 7.2.1.2. As a condition of participation in the distribution of assistance or supplies under the Stafford Act, government bodies and other organizations shall provide a written assurance of their intent to comply with regulations relating to nondiscrimination promulgated by the President or the administrator of the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA), and shall comply with such other regulations applicable to activities within an area affected by a major disaster or emergency as the administration of FEMA deems necessary for the effective coordination of relief efforts. 3/31/2026

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Cowlitz County CEMP 7.2.1.3. The Pets Evacuation and Transportation Standards (PETS) Act amends the Robert T. Stafford Disaster Relief and Emergency Assistance Act. The PETS Act is operational when a federal disaster declaration is made and can provide reimbursement for allowable, documented services used in declared emergencies. Eligible costs related to pet evacuations and sheltering is in FEMA’s Public Assistance Program and Policy Guide (PAPPG).

Cost Tracking and Recovery

7.3.

7.3.1 Each community organization, agency, or department is responsible for establishing effective administrative funding controls, segregation of duties for proper internal controls, and accountability to ensure that costs incurred are consistent with the missions identified in this plan. Extreme care and attention to detail must be taken throughout the emergency response period to maintain logs, formal records, and file copies of all expenditures, including personnel time sheets, in order to provide clear and reasonable accountability and justification for future reimbursement requests.

7.3.2

Disaster-related expenditures and obligations of state agencies, local jurisdictions, and other organizations may be reimbursed under a number of federal programs. The federal government may authorize reimbursement of approved costs for work performed in the restoration of certain public facilities after a major disaster declaration by the President of the United States under the statutory authority of certain federal agencies.

Federal Assistance Programs

7.4.

7.4.1.

Public Assistance (PA) Program

7.4.1.1. FEMA's Public Assistance (PA) grant program provides federal assistance to government organizations and certain private non-profit (PNP) organizations following a Presidential disaster declaration. PA provides grants to state, tribal, territorial, and local governments, and certain types of PNP organizations so that communities can quickly respond to and recover from major disasters or emergencies. Through the program, FEMA provides supplemental federal disaster grant assistance for debris removal, lifesaving emergency protective measures, and the repair, replacement, or restoration of disaster-damaged publicly-owned facilities, and the facilities of certain PNP organizations. The PA program also encourages protection of these damaged facilities from future events by providing assistance for hazard mitigation measures during the recovery process. The federal share of assistance is not less than 75 percent of the eligible cost. The Recipient (usually the state) determines how the non-federal share (up to 25 percent) is split with the subrecipients (eligible applicants).

7.4.2.

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Individual Assistance (IA) Program

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Cowlitz County CEMP 7.4.2.1. FEMA provides assistance to individuals and households through the Individual Assistance Program, which includes all of the following: • • • • •

• •

Mass Care and Emergency Assistance (MC/EA); Crisis Counseling Assistance and Training Program (CCP); Disaster Unemployment Assistance (DUA); Disaster Legal Services (DLS); Small Business Administration (SBA): o Business of all sizes o Homeowners o Renters o Private nonprofit organizations o Loans for Physical damages; mitigations assistance, economic injury, military reservist. Disaster Case Management (DCM); and Individuals and Households Program (IHP). o IHP is comprised of two categories of assistance: Housing Assistance (HA) and Other Needs Assistance (ONA).

State Assistance Programs

7.5.

7.5.1.

Public Assistance (PA) Program

7.5.1.1. The Public Assistance (PA) State Administrative Plan (SAP) provides procedures used by the Military Department / Emergency Management Division staff (as Grantee) to administer the Public Assistance Program. Audits of state and local jurisdiction emergency expenditures will be conducted in the normal course of state and local government audits. Audits of projects approved for funding with federal disaster assistance funds are necessary to determine the eligibility of the costs claimed by the applicant.

7.5.2.

Individual Assistance (IA) and Other Needs Assistance (ONA) Programs

7.5.2.1. The Individual Assistance (IA) State Administrative Plan (SAP) for the Other Needs Assistance (ONA) Program is used by the State Emergency Management Division staff (as Grantee) to administer the Individual Assistance Program. The IA SAP sets forth the organization, staffing, and procedures for administration of the Individuals and Households Program, Other Needs Assistance, in Washington State subsequent to a major disaster declaration by the President.

8. Logistics and Resource Management

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Cowlitz County CEMP NIMS

8.1.

8.1.1.

NIMS resource management guidance enables many organizational elements to collaborate and coordinate to systematically manage resources—personnel, teams, facilities, equipment, and supplies. Most jurisdictions or organizations do not own and maintain all the resources necessary to address all potential threats and hazards. Therefore, effective resource management includes leveraging each jurisdiction’s resources, engaging private sector resources, involving volunteer organizations, and encouraging further development of mutual aid agreements.

8.1.2.

Resource Typing

8.1.2.1. Resource typing is defining and categorizing incident resources by capability. Resource typing definitions establish a common language for discussing resources by defining minimum capabilities for personnel, teams, facilities, equipment, and supplies. Resource typing enables communities to plan for, request, and have confidence that the resources they receive have the capabilities they requested. FEMA leads the development and maintenance of resource typing definitions for resources shared on a local, interstate, regional, or national scale. Jurisdictions can use these definitions to categorize local assets.

8.1.3.

Emergency Worker Program / Liability Protection

8.1.3.1. RCW 38.52 authorizes the use of emergency workers as outlined in state law. "Emergency Worker" is defined in RCW 38.52.010(7), while provisions addressing the registration, use, classification and coverage of emergency workers are addressed by RCW 38.52.180, RCW 38.52.310 and WAC 118.04. 8.1.3.2. When emergency workers are utilized by government agencies, these agencies are responsible for keeping records of the name, Emergency Worker Registration Number, arrival time, duration of utilization, departure time and other information related to the service of emergency workers, as well as documentation of any injuries, lost or damaged equipment, and any extraordinary costs.

8.1.4.

Procurement Methodology

8.1.4.1. The Washington Intrastate Mutual Aid System (WAMAS), established in RCW 38.56, provides for in-state mutual assistance among member jurisdictions, to include every county, city, and town of the state. Federally recognized tribal nations located within the boundaries of the state, may become a member upon receipt, by the Washington State Military Department, of a tribal government resolution declaring its intention to be a member of WAMAS. Members of WAMAS are not precluded from entering into or participating in other mutual aid agreements that are authorized by law. WAMAS does not replace current mutual aid agreements; it is a mutual aid tool to use when other agreements do not exist.

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Cowlitz County CEMP 8.1.4.2. Out-of-state mutual aid resources are requested through the Emergency Management Assistance Compact (EMAC), established in Public Law 104-321, or the Pacific Northwest Emergency Management Arrangement (PNEMA), established in Public Law 105-381, both coordinated through Washington Emergency Management Division. 8.1.4.3. Resources should deploy only when appropriate authorities request and dispatch them through established resource management systems. Resources that authorities do not request should refrain from spontaneous deployment to avoid overburdening the recipient and compounding accountability challenges. 8.1.4.4. Resource requests are tracked throughout their entire life cycle, from the time submitted, until filled (if consumable) or until the resource is demobilized and returned (if non-consumable). Supply chain elements, such as state and local staging areas, reception and integration centers, movement coordination centers, and movement control points activate as appropriate to the situation. State and local staging areas serve as temporary storage areas for the movement of resources to affected areas. Reception and integration centers provide reception, integration, onward movement, and accountability for out-of-state resources.

8.1.5.

Demobilization

8.1.5.1. Demobilization should be a planned and coordinated effort with the EOC and all other involved departments and agencies. Demobilization planning should begin when

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Cowlitz County CEMP an incident begins. The demobilization of resources must be conducted in an efficient and safe manner and shall not interfere with ongoing operations.

8.1.6.

Resource Gaps

8.1.6.1. Comprehensive and integrated planning can help other levels of government plan their response to an incident within a jurisdiction. By knowing the extent of the jurisdiction’s capability, supporting planners can pre-identify shortfalls and develop prescripted resource requests.

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Cowlitz County CEMP

9. Development and Maintenance Core Planning and Development Team

9.1.

9.1.1.

Planning Process

9.1.1.1. Planning is a continuous process that does not stop when the plan is published. The planning team develops a rough draft of the basic plan or annexes. As the planning team works through successive drafts, they add necessary tables, charts, and other graphics. The team prepares a final draft and circulates it for comment to organizations that have responsibilities for implementing the plan. The written plan should be checked for its conformity to applicable regulatory requirements and the standards of Federal or state agencies and for its usefulness in practice. Once validated, the planning team presents the plan to the appropriate officials for signature and promulgation. The promulgation process should be based on specific statute, law, or ordinance. Once approved, the planner should arrange to distribute the plan to stakeholders who have roles in implementing the plan. 9.1.1.2. The CEMP will be available to the public online through the CCDEM’s website.

9.1.2.

Review Process

9.1.2.1. Commonly used criteria can help decision makers determine the effectiveness and efficiency of plans. These measures include adequacy, feasibility, and acceptability. Decision makers directly involved in planning can employ these criteria, along with their understanding of plan requirements, not only to determine a plan’s effectiveness and efficiency but also to assess risks and define costs. 9.1.2.1.1. Adequacy – a plan is adequate if the scope and concept of planned operations identify and address critical tasks effectively; the plan can accomplish the assigned mission while complying with guidance; and the plan’s assumptions are valid, reasonable, and comply with guidance. 9.1.2.1.2. Feasibility – a plan is feasible if the organization can accomplish the assigned mission and critical tasks by using available resources within the time contemplated by the plan. The organization allocates available resources to tasks and tracks the resources by status (e.g., assigned, out of service). Available resources include internal assets and those available through mutual aid or through existing state, regional, or Federal assistance agreements. 9.1.2.1.3. Acceptability – a plan is acceptable if it meets the requirements driven by a threat or incident, meets decision maker and public cost and time limitations, and is consistent with the law. The plan can be justified in terms of the cost of resources and if its scale is proportional to mission requirements. Planners use both acceptability and feasibility tests to ensure that the mission 3/31/2026

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Cowlitz County CEMP can be accomplished with available resources, without incurring excessive risk regarding personnel, equipment, material, or time. They also verify that risk management procedures have identified, assessed, and applied control measures to mitigate operational risk (i.e., the risk associated with achieving operational objectives). 9.1.2.1.4. • • •

• • •

Completeness – a plan is complete if it: Incorporates all tasks to be accomplished; Includes all required capabilities; Integrates the needs of the general population, children of all ages, individuals with disabilities and others with access and functional needs, immigrants, individuals with limited English proficiency, and diverse racial and ethnic populations; Provides a complete picture of the sequence and scope of the planned response operation; Makes time estimates for achieving objectives; and Identifies success criteria and a desired end-state.

9.1.2.1.5. Compliance – the plan should comply with guidance and doctrine to the maximum extent possible, because these provide a baseline that facilitates both planning and execution. Cowlitz County Emergency Management will review the CEMP on an annual basis and collect suggested updates from other sources such as local, state, and federal agencies for incorporation into the next updated CEMP.

9.1.3.

Revision Process

9.1.3.1. Plans should evolve as lessons are learned, new information and insights are obtained, and priorities are updated. Evaluating the effectiveness of plans involves a combination of training events, exercises, and real-world incidents to determine whether the goals, objectives, decisions, actions, and timing outlined in the plan led to a successful response. Planning teams should establish a process for reviewing and revising the plan. Reviews should be a recurring activity. In no case should any part of the plan go for more than two years without being reviewed and revised. 9.1.3.2. Changes to any part of the plan may be minor (small edits that do not impact the Emergency Management Program processes and/or roles and responsibilities) or major (significant modifications to processes and/or roles and responsibilities) in nature. Minor, administrative changes do not require signature and promulgation. All substantive changes will be briefed to the Department of Emergency Management and any staff who may have a part in disaster response. Substantive changes will require a re-adoption of that section of the plan by the approving authority. CCDEM is ultimately responsible for updates and changes to the CEMP and will submit a revised CEMP to the Washington State Emergency Management Division and the approving authority for approval and formal adoption. The Emergency Management Director shall promulgate the revised

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Cowlitz County CEMP CEMP through a signed letter to all known stakeholders and through communication and training efforts. 9.1.3.3. A formal review cycle will be established. An annual internal review will be conducted. A post-incident review will be conducted after activations, exercises, or real-world incidents. Every 5 years a comprehensive rewrite will be conducted to make sure that the plan is in compliance with updated doctrine and FEMA / WA EM guidance. 9.1.3.4. To ensure the plan is available and accessible we will publish the CEMP on our agency’s website. We will ensure that documents meet ADA accessibility standards. We will strive to announce updates via press releases, social media and public meetings. We will share our plan with stakeholders, those listed in the plan, partner agencies, Nongovernmental Organizations, and private-sector partners. We will allow public feedback through our Local Emergency Preparedness Committee. 9.1.3.5. Emergency plans must stay compliant with federal, state, and local requirements. CCEM will work with Cowlitz County Prosecuting Attorney’s Office, Civil Division, and the Cowlitz County Risk Management to identify any compliance issues. CCEM staff will monitor key sources, (i.e. FEMA, WA EM agency guidance, Federal Laws, State Statutes and local ordinances and mutual aid agreements) to identify any compliance issues. 9.1.3.6. The CEMP is a “living document”. This means that the plan will be reviewed and updated more frequently than the required cycle. Our goal is continuous improvement.

Maintenance Schedule

9.2.

9.2.1.

CCDEM may revise the CEMP including ESFs and other Annexes at a minimum of every five years from the date of last publication.

9.2.2.

CCDEM monitors updates from the State regarding changes in legal requirements for the program.

9.3.

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Training & Exercise Program

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Cowlitz County CEMP Through the implementation of the Homeland Security Exercise and Evaluation Program (HSEEP), organizations can use training and exercises to improve current and required Core Capability levels, identify gaps, and overcome shortfalls. A Capabilities Assessment provides and gap analysis, by Core Capability, for each desired outcome and capability target; each of the Homeland Security Regions is required to complete an assessment. After the Capabilities Assessment is completed, it is referenced to determine the priority capabilities for training and exercise planned activities and should be coordinated with the Training and Exercise Plan (TEP) of the state.

9.3.1.

Training Program

9.3.1.1. CCDEM maintains assignments for disaster response through ESF’s. To understand this obligation staff is encouraged to take ICS 100 and 700. This is available online and through in-person classes. Some staff are encouraged to take ICS 200, 300, 400 and NIMS 800, which are offered through CCDEM. 9.3.1.2.

Credentialing

9.3.1.2.1. Nationally standardized criteria and minimum qualifications for positions provide a consistent baseline for qualifying and credentialing the incident workforce. Along with the job title and position qualifications, the Position Task Book (PTB) is a basic tool that underpins the NIMS performancebased qualification process. PTBs describe the minimum competencies, behaviors, and tasks necessary to be qualified for a position. PTBs provide the 3/31/2026

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Cowlitz County CEMP basis for a qualification, certification, and credentialing process that is standard nationwide.

9.3.2.

Exercise Program

9.3.2.1. Applying the following principles to both the management of an exercise program and the execution of individual exercises is critical to the effective examination of capabilities: 9.3.2.1.1. Guided by Elected and Appointed Officials – provide the overarching guidance and direction for the exercise and evaluation program as well as specific intent for individual exercises. 9.3.2.1.2. Capability-based, Objective Driven – through HSEEP, organizations can use exercises to examine current and required core capability levels and identify gaps; exercises focus on assessing performance against capability-based objectives. 9.3.2.1.3. Progressive Planning Approach – a progressive approach includes the use of various exercises aligned to a common set of exercise program priorities and objectives with an increasing level of complexity over time. 9.3.2.1.4. Whole Community Integration – encourage exercise planners to engage the whole community throughout exercise program management, design and development, conduct, evaluation, and improvement planning. 9.3.2.1.5. Informed by Risk – identifying and assessing risks and associated impacts helps organizations identify priorities, objectives, and core capabilities to be evaluated through exercises. 9.3.2.1.6. Common Methodology – enables organizations of divergent sizes, geographies, and capabilities to have a shared understanding of exercise program management, design and development, conduct, evaluation, and improvement planning; and fosters exercise-related interoperability and collaboration. 9.3.2.2. CCDEM works with Southwest Washington All Hazards Type 3 Incident Management Team (SW-AHIMT3) and the Local Emergency Planning Committee (LEPC) to conduct exercises to HSEEP standard, if no disaster has impacted the jurisdiction during the Integrated Planning and Preparedness calendar year of planning, training, and exercise.

9.3.3.

After-Action Reporting

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Cowlitz County CEMP related information throughout the phases of an incident. The AAR should include an overview of performance related to each exercise objective and associated core capabilities, while highlighting strengths and areas for improvement. Upon completion, the exercise evaluation team provides the draft AAR to the exercise sponsor, who distributes it to participating organizations prior to drafting a formal AAR. Elected and appointed officials, or their designees, review and confirm observations identified in the formal AAR and determine which areas for improvement require further action. Areas for improvement that require action are those that will continue to seriously impede capability performance if left unresolved. 9.3.3.2. All impacted departments will participate in an After-Acting Meeting (AAM) to include lessons learned and areas for improvement as soon as possible after the incident. 9.3.3.2.1. Pursuant to RCW 38.52.070(4) CCDEM must evaluate the effectiveness of communication of life safety information. This evaluation will be conducted by the CCDEM Director and employees assigned to public notification. o If any technological challenges which limited communications efforts are identified a written report will be submitted to the Emergency Management Division of the Washington Military Department. o Include in this report will be any identified recommendations and resources needed to address the challenges

9.3.4.

Corrective Action Program

9.3.4.1. Corrective actions are concrete, actionable steps that are intended to resolve capability gaps and shortcomings identified in exercises or real-world events. In developing corrective actions, the CCDEM Director should first review and revise the draft AAR, as needed, to confirm that the issues identified by evaluators are valid and require resolution. The Director then identifies which issues fall within their organization’s authority and assume responsibility for acting on those issues. Finally, they determine an initial list of appropriate corrective actions to resolve identified issues.

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Annex Authorities and References RCW 42.14 Continuity of Government Act RCW 42.14.010 Definitions: Unless otherwise clearly required by the context, the following definitions apply: (1) "Attack" means any acts of aggression taken against the United States causing substantial damage or injury to persons or property in the United States and in the state of Washington. (2)(a) "Catastrophic incident" means any natural or human-caused incident, including terrorism and enemy attack, that results in extraordinary levels of mass casualties, damage, or disruption severely affecting the population, infrastructure, environment, economy, or government functions. (b) "Catastrophic incident" does not include an event resulting from individuals exercising their rights, under the first amendment, of freedom of speech, and of the people to peaceably assemble. (3) "Emergency or disaster" means an event or set of circumstances which: (a) demands immediate action to preserve public health, protect life, protect public property, or to provide relief to any stricken community overtaken by such occurrences; or (b) reaches such a dimension or degree of destructiveness as to warrant the governor proclaiming a state of emergency pursuant to RCW 43.06.010. (4) "Unavailable" means either that a vacancy in the office exists or that the lawful incumbent of the office is absent or unable to exercise the powers and discharge the duties of the office following a catastrophic incident and a proclamation of existing emergency by the Governor or his or her successor. RCW 42.14.040 County Commissioners: In the event that a catastrophic incident reduces the number of county commissioners of any county, then those commissioners available for duty shall have full authority to act in all matters as a board of county commissioners. In the event no county commissioner is available for duty, then those elected county officials, except for the members of the county board of education, as are available for duty shall jointly act as the board of county commissioners and shall possess by majority vote the full authority of the board of county commissioners. RCW 42.14.050 City or Town Officers: In the event that the executive head of any city or town is unavailable by reason of a catastrophic incident to exercise the powers and discharge the duties of the office, then those members of the city or town council or commission available for duty shall by majority vote select one of their number to act as the executive head of such city or town. In the event that a catastrophic incident reduces the number of city or town councilmembers or commission members, then those members available for duty shall have full power to act by majority vote of those present. RCW 42.14.070 Officers of political subdivisions; The legislative authority of each political subdivision, subject to the provisions of this chapter, shall adopt rules and regulations providing for appointment of temporary interim successor to the elected and appointed offices of the political subdivisions. RCW 42.14.075 Meetings of governing bodies of political subdivisions at other than usual places: Whenever, due to a catastrophic incident, or when such an event is imminent, it becomes imprudent, inexpedient, or impossible to conduct the affairs of a political subdivision at the regular or usual place or 3/31/2026

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Cowlitz County CEMP places, the governing body of the political subdivision may meet at any place within or without the territorial limits of the political subdivision on the call of the presiding official or any two members of the governing body. After any emergency relocation, the affairs of political subdivisions shall be lawfully conducted at such emergency temporary location or locations for the duration of the emergency.

Governing Laws and Authorities The Cowlitz County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan has been developed and is maintained under the following authorities: State Revised Code of Washington (RCW) • • • • • • •

35.33.081, Emergency Expenditures – Nondebatable Emergencies 35.33.101, Emergency Warrants 38.52, Emergency Management 38.56, Intrastate Mutual Aid System 39.34, Interlocal Cooperation Act 39.04.280, Competitive Bidding Requirements - Exemptions 49.60.400 Discrimination, Preferential Treatment Prohibited

Washington Administrative Code (WAC) • • •

118-04, Emergency Worker Program 118-30 – 010 through 080, Local Emergency Management/Services Organizations, Plans and Programs 296-62, General Occupational Health Standards

Federal Public Law • • • • • • •

93-342, Disaster Relief Act of 1974, as amended by Public Law 100-707, the Robert T. Stafford Disaster Relief and Emergency Assistance Act 96-342, Improved Civil Defense Act of 1980, as amended. “Federal Civil Defense Act of 1950," as amended 99-499, Title III, Superfund Amendments and Re-authorization Act of 1986 (SARA) Public Law 93-288, The Disaster Relief Act of 1974, as amended by 100-707, the Robert T. Stafford Disaster Relief and Emergency Assistance Act. (August 2016) Post-Katrina Emergency Management Reform Act of 2006, Public Law 109-225 Pet Evacuation and Transportation Standards Act of 2006, Public Law 109-308 Civil Rights Act of 1964, Title VI, Public Law 88-352

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Glossary Term After Action Report (AAR) Amateur Radio Emergency Service (ARES) American Red Cross (ARC) Annex

Appendix

Area Command

Command Staff Communications Unit Competitive Bidding - Waived

3/31/2026

Definition A narrative report that presents issues found during an incident or exercise along with recommendations on how those issues can be resolved The American Radio Relay League (ARRL) public service arm for providing support primarily to non-government agencies during an emergency. Non-profit organization that provides support of mass care, sheltering, communication, and other services in times of disaster. Relies on volunteers to carry out operations. The purpose of an annex is to describe operations for a particular function. It defines the function and shows how activities of various participants in the functional organization are coordinated. The annex is action oriented. It is written for, and preferably by, the person responsible for controlling resources available to accomplish the objectives of the function in any large-scale emergency. It is a substantial, freestanding plan that is specific to carry out a task An appendix contains details, methods, and technical information that are unique to specific hazards identified as being likely to pose a threat of disaster in the community. Appendices are supplementary, helper documents, frequently changing but without specific direction. An organization established to oversee the management of (1) multiple incidents that are each being handled by an ICS organization, or (2) large or multiple incidents too which several Incident Management Teams have been assigned. Area command has the responsibility to set overall strategy and priorities, allocate critical resources according to priorities, ensure that incidents are properly managed, and ensure that objectives are met, and strategies followed. May be established at an EOC or some location other than an ICP The Command Staff consists of the Safety Officer, Liaison Officer, and Public Information Officer, who report directly to the Incident Commander. In Incident Command structure, responsible for providing communication services at an incident, whether it be by phone, in person, radio, etc.… If an emergency exists, the person or persons designated by the governing body of the municipality to act in the event of an emergency may declare an emergency situation exists, waive competitive bidding requirements, and award P a g e | 77

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Cowlitz County CEMP Term

Comprehensive Emergency Management Network (CEMNET)

Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan (CEMP) Concept of Operations (CONOPS)

Continuity Plan

Continuity of Government (COG)

Cowlitz County Auxiliary Communications Service Damage Assessment Debrief/Debriefing Delegated Authority

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Definition all necessary contracts on behalf of the municipality to address the emergency situation. If a contract is awarded without competitive bidding due to an emergency, a written finding of the existence of an emergency must be made by the governing body or its designee and duly entered of record no later than two weeks following the award of the contract. (Defined in RCW 38.04.280). Dedicated 2-way Very High Frequency (VHF) low-band radio system. Provides direction and control capability for state and local jurisdictions for administrative use, and during an emergency or disaster. This is an emergency management net belonging to, and managed by, the Washington State Military Department Emergency Management Division A required plan which addresses the mitigation, preparation, response, and recovery activities associated with emergency situations. User-oriented document that describes the characteristics for a proposed asset or system from the viewpoint of any individual or organizational entity that will use it in their daily work activities or who will operate or interact directly with it. An internal effort within individual components of a government to ensure the capability exists to continue essential functions across a wide range of potential emergencies. Measures taken by a government to continue to perform required functions during and after a severe emergency. COG is a coordinated effort within each branch of the government to continue its minimum essential responsibilities in a catastrophic emergency. A non-profit team of licensed amateur radio operators who provide emergency communications capabilities for Cowlitz County Department of Emergency Management primarily through amateur radio. The process of determining the magnitude of damage and the unmet needs of the community as the result of a hazardous event. A meeting held after an event or disaster to discuss what happened, lessons learned, and what may or may not be shared with the public. An official mandate calling on the individual holding a specific position to assume responsibilities and authorities not normally associated with that position when specified conditions are met. P a g e | 78

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Cowlitz County CEMP Term Direction and Control Disaster Assessment

Duty Officer Emergency

Emergency Alert System (EAS)

Emergency Management

Emergency Management Assistance Compact (EMAC) Emergency Management Director Emergency Management Division (EMD) Emergency Medical Services (EMS)

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Definition Defines the management of emergency response and recovery. An event, expected or unexpected, in which a community's available, pertinent resources are expended, or the need for resources exceeds availability, and in which a community undergoes severe danger, incurring losses so that the social or economic structure of the community is disrupted and the fulfillment of some or all of the community's essential functions are prevented. Generally, refers to the person designated to intake and assess emergency events on a 24/7 basis. A sudden, usually unexpected event that does, or could do, harm to people, resources, property, or the environment. Emergencies can range from localized events to human, natural, or technological events that damage, or threaten to damage, local operations. A federally mandated program established to enable the President, federal, state, and local jurisdiction authorities to disseminate emergency information to the public via the Commercial Broadcast System. Formerly known as the Emergency Broadcast System (EBS), it requires broadcasters to relay emergency information. This system is for immediate action emergencies where the public needs to be informed. The preparation for, and the carrying out of, all emergency functions to mitigate, prepare for, respond to, and recover from emergencies and disasters, to aid victims suffering from injury or damage resulting from disasters caused by all hazards, whether natural or technological, and to provide support for search and rescue operations for persons and property in distress. Agreements that provide for jurisdictions in different states to provide resources or other support to one another during an incident. The Individual within each political subdivision that has coordination responsibility for jurisdictional emergency management. Washington State Emergency Management Division, responsible for coordinating state-wide emergency management activities. Emergency Medical Services provides care to the sick and injured at the scene of any medical emergency or while transporting any patient in an ambulance to an appropriate medical control, including ambulance transportation between medical facilities. It commonly includes trained P a g e | 79

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Cowlitz County CEMP Term Emergency Operations Center (EOC)

Emergency Operations Center Director Emergency Proclamation

Emergency Support Function

Emergency Work Emergency Worker

Essential Functions

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Definition and licensed emergency care providers and specialized transportation vehicles. A central location from which overall direction, control, and coordination of a single community's response to a disaster will be established. The EOC is generally equipped and staffed to perform the following functions: collect, record, analyze, display, and distribute information; coordinate public information and warning; coordinate government emergency activities; support first responders by coordinating the management and distribution of information and resources and the restoration of services; conduct appropriate liaison and coordination activities with all levels of government The staff person assigned to manage the EOC during an activation or exercise. A statement by a top official in a jurisdiction that identifies the nature of an emergency and impacts upon the jurisdiction and authorizes the suspension of normal operations or rules in order to manage the emergency. The grouping of government capabilities into an organizational structure to provide support, resources, program implementation, and services that are most likely needed to save lives, protect property and the environment, restore essential services, and critical infrastructure, and help victims and communities recovery from incidents. Work that must be done immediately to save lives and to protect improved property and public health and safety to avert or lessen the threat of a major disaster Emergency worker means any person, including but not limited to, an architect registered under Chapter 18.08 RCW, a professional engineer registered under Chapter 18.43 RCW, or a volunteer registered under RCW 38.52/WAC 118.04 who is registered with a local emergency management organization for the purpose of engaging in authorized emergency management activities or is an employee of the State of Washington or any political subdivision thereof who is called upon to perform emergency management activities. Those functions, stated or implied, that jurisdictions are required to perform by statute or executive order or are otherwise necessary to provide vital services, exercise civil authority, maintain the safety and well-being of the general populace, and sustain the industrial/economic base in an emergency.

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Cowlitz County CEMP Term Essential Operations

Hazard Identification and Vulnerability Analysis (HIVA)

Definition Those operations, stated or implied, that state departments and local jurisdictions are required to perform by statute or executive order or are otherwise deemed necessary. Staff of the department or jurisdiction that are needed for the performance of the organization’s mission-essential functions. A protective action which involves leaving an area of risk until the hazard has passed. A planned, non-emergency activity. ICS can be used as the management system for a wide range of events, e.g., parades, concerts, or sporting events. Any publicly or privately owned building, works, system, or equipment built or manufactured, or an improved and maintained natural feature. Land used for agricultural purposes is not a facility. See Presidential Declaration. Agency created in 1979 to provide a single point of accountability for all federal activities related to disaster mitigation and emergency preparedness, response, and recovery. FEMA provides technical advice and funding for state and local emergency management agencies, manages the President’s Disaster Relief Fund, and coordinates the disaster assistance activities of all federal agencies in the event of a Presidential Disaster Declaration. Responsible for all costs and financial/administrative considerations of the incident. Part of the Command and General Staff, reporting to the Incident Commander. Responsible for all costs and financial/administrative considerations of the incident. Section Chief reports directly to the Incident Commander. Those in occupations that require they respond immediately to an emergency event. Example: firefighters, law enforcement officers, emergency medical services personnel, public works. A service providing priority access telephone dialing during circuit overload conditions. A proclamation by the Governor in accordance with RCW 43.06 and 38.52 which activates the State of Washington Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan and authorizes State resources to be used to assist affected political jurisdictions. Something that is potentially dangerous or harmful, often the root cause of an unwanted outcome. The HIVA is a comprehensive plan that is the result of a systematic evaluation of a jurisdiction’s existing natural

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Essential Personnel Evacuation Event Facility

Federal Disaster Declaration Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA)

Finance Section Chief Finance/Administration Section First Responders

Government Emergency Telecommunications Service (GETS) Governor's Proclamation of a State of Emergency

Hazard

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Cowlitz County CEMP Term

Hazard Mitigation Hazmat Hazmat Team Incident

Incident Action Plan (IAP) Incident Command Post (ICP)

Incident Command System (ICS)

Incident Commander (IC) Incident Period Incidents of National Significance

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Definition and technological hazards. It includes a vulnerability assessment to such hazards and provides guidance for mitigation efforts. Any measure that will reduce or prevent the damaging effects of a hazard. Hazardous Materials. Team with specialized training to respond to hazardous materials incidents. An occurrence or event, either human-caused or natural phenomena, that requires action by emergency services personnel to prevent or minimize loss of life or damage to property and/or the environment. The strategic goals, tactical objectives, and support requirements for the incident. All incidents require an action plan. A centralized base of operations established near the site of an incident. That location at which primary command functions are executed; usually collated with the incident base. The combination of facilities, equipment, personnel, procedures, and communications operating within a common organizational structure for the purpose of coordinating the response to any event. An all-hazard, onscene functional management system that establishes common standards in organization, terminology, and procedures, provides a means (unified command) for the establishment of a common set of incident objectives and strategies during multi-agency/multi-jurisdiction operations while maintaining individual agency/jurisdiction authority, responsibility, and accountability, and which is a component of the National Interagency Incident Management Systems (NIIMS). An equivalent and compatible all-hazards, on-scene, functional management system. The individual responsible for the management of operations at the scene of an incident. The time spent during which an incident or event occurs. Those high-impact events that require a coordinated and effective response by an appropriate combination of Federal, State, local, tribal, private sector, and nongovernmental entities in order to save lives, minimize damage, and provide the basis for long-term community recovery and mitigation activities. All Presidential declared disasters are considered Incidents of National Significance.

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Cowlitz County CEMP Term Individual Assistance (IA)

Integrated Public Alert & Warning System (IPAWS)

Interoperable Communications

Joint Information Center (JIC)

Liaison Officer Local Emergency Planning Committee (LEPC)

Local Resources

Logistics Chief

Logistics Section Major Disaster

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Definition Supplementary Federal assistance available under the Stafford Act to individuals, families, and businesses; includes disaster housing assistance, unemployment assistance, grants, loans, legal services, crisis counseling, tax relief, and other services or relief programs. It is a modernization and integration of the nation’s alert and warning infrastructure. Provides public safety officials with an effective way to alert and warn the public about serious emergencies using EAS, WEA, NOAA, and other public alerting systems from a single interface. Alternate communications that provide the capability to perform minimum essential departmental or jurisdictional functions, in conjunction with other agencies, until normal operations can be resumed. A facility that may be used by affected utilities, state agencies, counties, local jurisdictions, and/or federal agencies to jointly coordinate the public information function during all hazard incidents. May also be conducted virtually. The point of contact for assisting or coordinating agencies. A local planning group appointed by the State Emergency Response Commission (SERC) to fulfill the planning requirements for a Local Planning District under the Superfund Amendments and Reauthorization Act (SARA) of 1986. As the planning body for preparing local hazardous materials plans. The combined resources, of the type needed to respond to a given hazardous event, of the city and of the private sector. In any request for state or federal resources, the requesting jurisdiction must certify that local resources have been, or soon will be, exhausted. In the incident command structure, responsible for resource management and responding to resource requests. Oversees Logistics Section. Reports directly to the Incident Commander. In Incident Command structure, responsible for providing facilities, services, and materials for an incident or event. As defined in the Stafford Act, "Any natural catastrophe (including any hurricane, tornado, storm, high water, winddriven water, tidal wave, tsunami, earthquake, volcanic eruption, landslide, mudslide, snowstorm, or drought), or, regardless of cause, any fire, flood, or explosion in any part of the United States, which in the determination of the President causes damage of sufficient severity and magnitude to warrant major disaster assistance under this P a g e | 83

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Cowlitz County CEMP Term

Message Controller Message Distributors Military Department Mitigation

Multi-Agency Coordination (MAC) Mutual Aid Agreement (MAA) National Incident Management System

National Incident Management System (NIMS)

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Definition Act to supplement the efforts and available resources of states, local governments, and disaster relief organizations in alleviating the damage, loss, hardship, or suffering caused thereby." A volunteer or staff member charged with recording and distributing paper-based messages in the EOC or public call center. In the Incident Command structure, responsible for routing information about resources reporting to the incident, resource status, and administrative and tactical traffic. Refers to the Washington State Emergency Management Division, the Army and Air National Guard, and Support Services. Any sustained actions taken to eliminate or reduce the degree of long-term risk to human life, property, and the environment from natural and technological events. Mitigation assumes our communities are exposed to risks whether or not an emergency occurs. Mitigation measures include but are not limited to building codes, disaster insurance, hazard information systems, land use management, hazard analysis, land acquisition, monitoring and inspection, public education, research, relocation, risk mapping, safety codes, statutes and ordinances, tax incentives and disincentives, equipment or computer tie downs, and stockpiling emergency supplies. A system by which multiple agencies coordinate response and limited resources. A formal or informal agreement for reciprocal assistance for emergency services and resources between jurisdictions. A set of national principles expressly adopted by the City of Renton for use in this plan and the management of future events. NIMS provides a systematic, proactive approach guiding government agencies at all levels, nongovernment organizations, and the private sector to work seamlessly to prevent, protect against, respond to, recover from, and mitigate the effects of incidents, regardless of cause, size, location, or complexity, in order to reduce the loss of life or property and harm to the environment. This system ensures that those involved in incident response/recovery understand what their roles are and have the tools they need to be effective. A concept that provides for a total approach to all risk incident management; NIMS addresses the Incident Command System (ICS), training, qualifications and P a g e | 84

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Cowlitz County CEMP Term

National Response Framework (NRF

National Warning System (NAWAS)

Non-Essential Personnel Objectives Officer Operational Period Operations Chief

3/31/2026

Definition certification, publications management, and supporting technology. NIMS outlines a standard incident management organization called Incident Command System (ICS) that establishes five functional areas-command, operations, planning, logistics, and finance/administration--for management of all major incidents. To ensure further coordination and during incidents involving multiple jurisdictions or agencies, the principle of unified command has been universally incorporated into NIMS. This unified command not only coordinates the efforts of many jurisdictions, but provides for and assures joint decisions on objectives, strategies, plans, priorities, and public communications. The plan that establishes the basis for the provision of federal assistance to a state and the local jurisdiction impacted by a catastrophic or significant disaster or emergency that result in a requirement for federal response assistance. The federal portion of the Civil Defense Warning System, used for the dissemination of warnings and other emergency information from the National or FEMA Region Warning Centers to Warning Points in each state. Also used by the State Warning Points to disseminate information to local Primary Warning Points. Provides warning information to state and local jurisdictions concerning severe weather, earthquake, flooding, and other activities affecting public safety. Staff of the department or jurisdiction who are not required for the performance of the organization's mission-essential functions. The specific operations that must be accomplished to achieve goals. Objectives must be both specific and measurable. The Incident Command title for individuals responsible for Public Information, liaison, and Safety. In Incident Command, the period of time scheduled for execution of a given set of operation actions specified in the Incident Action Plan. In an Incident Command structure, a representative of the principal first response agency having overall incident management responsibilities in the field; responsible for coordinating support to individual Incident Commanders. Oversees the Operations Section. Reports to the Incident Commander

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Cowlitz County CEMP Term Operations Section Plan Maintenance Planning Chief

Planning Section

Preliminary Damage Assessment (PDA)

Preparedness

Presidential Disaster Declaration

Public Assistance (PA)

Public Information Officer (PIO) Radio Amateur Civil Emergency Service (RACES)

Radio Operators Radio Room Supervisor

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Definition In an Incident Command structure, responsible for all tactical operation at the incident. Steps taken to ensure the plans are reviewed regularly and updated whenever major changes occur. In an incident command structure, responsible for situation analysis and anticipating future response or recovery needs and activities. Oversees the Planning Section. Reports directly to the Incident Commander. In incident command structure, responsible for the collection, evaluation, and dissemination of information related to the incident, and for the preparation and documentation of Incident Action Plans. The joint local, state, and Federal analysis of damage that has occurred during a disaster and which may result in a Presidential declaration of disaster. The PDA is documented through surveys, photographs, and other written information. The range of deliberate, critical tasks and activities necessary to build, sustain, and improve the operational capability to prevent, protect against, respond to, and recover from domestic incidents. Within the NIMS, preparedness is operationally focused on establishing guidelines, protocols, and standards for planning, training and exercises, personnel qualification and certification, equipment certification, and publication management. Formal declaration by the President that an Emergency or Major Disaster exists based upon the request for such a declaration by the Governor and with the verification of Federal Emergency Management Agency preliminary damage assessments. Supplementary federal assistance provided under the Stafford Act to state and local jurisdictions, special purpose districts, tribes, or eligible private, nonprofit organizations. The person designated and trained to coordinate disaster related public information and media relations. Volunteer (HAM) amateur radio operators who provide reserve communications within government agencies in times of extraordinary need. Although the exact nature of each activation will be different, the common thread is communications. Staff or volunteers assigned to operate radios in the EOC radio room or in the field. Staff member or volunteer assigned to supervise the people and activities in the EOC radio room. P a g e | 86

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Cowlitz County CEMP Term Recovery

Regional Coordination Framework (RCF) Response

Robert T. Stafford Disaster Relief and Emergency Assistance Act

Search and Rescue (SAR)

3/31/2026

Definition A short-term and long-term process. Short-term recovery operations restore vital services to the community and provide for the basic needs of the public. Long-term recovery operations focus on restoring the community to its normal, or improved, state of affairs, including some form of economic viability. Recovery measures include, but are not limited to, crisis counseling, damage assessment, debris clearance, decontamination, disaster application centers, disaster insurance payments, disaster loans and grants, disaster unemployment assistance, public information, reassessment of emergency plans, reconstruction, temporary housing, and full-scale business resumption. Also, the extrication, packaging, and transport of the body of a person killed in a search and rescue incident. A mutual aid agreement specific to King County, which encompasses government agencies, non-profit organizations, and private businesses. The actual provision of services during an event. These activities help to reduce casualties and damage and to speed recovery. Actions taken immediately before, during, or directly after an emergency occurs, to save lives, minimize damage to property and the environment, and enhance the effectiveness of recovery. Response measures include, but are not limited to, emergency plan activation, emergency alert system activation, emergency instructions to the public, emergency medical assistance, staffing the emergency operations center, public official alerting, reception and care, shelter and evacuation, search and rescue, resource mobilization, and warning systems activation. (Public Law 93-288, as amended) - The act that authorizes the greatest single source of federal disaster assistance. It authorizes coordination of the activities of federal, state, and volunteer agencies operating under their own authorities in providing disaster assistance, provision of direct federal assistance as necessary, and provision of financial grants to state and local jurisdictions as well as a separate program of financial grants to individuals and families. This act is commonly referred to as the Stafford Act. The act of searching for, rescuing, or recovering by means of ground, marine, or air activity any person who becomes lost, injured, or is killed while outdoors or as a result of a natural or human-caused event, including instances of P a g e | 87

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Cowlitz County CEMP Term

Shelter-in-Place

Stafford Act Staging Area Task Force Technical Specialist Terrorism

Unified Command

Warning and Information Washington State Mutual Aid Agreement (WAMAC/WAMAS) Wireless Emergency Alerting (WEA) Wireless Priority Service (WPS)

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Definition searching for downed aircraft when ground personnel are used. Includes Disaster, Urban, and Wildland Search and Rescue. A protective action that involves taking cover in a building that can be made relatively airtight. Generally, any building suitable for winter habitation will provide some protection with windows and doors closed and heating, ventilation, and air conditioning system turned off. Increased effectiveness can be obtained in sheltering by methods such as using an interior room or basement, taping windows and doors, and other more elaborate systems to limit natural ventilation. To be used as a protective action, sheltering requires the ability to communicate to the public when it is safe and/or necessary to emerge from the shelter. See Robert T. Stafford Disaster Relief and Emergency Assistance Act. In an Incident Command structure, the location where incident personnel and equipment are assigned on an immediately available status. A group of any type and kind of resources with common communications and a leader temporarily assembled for a specific mission. Personnel with special skills who are activated only when needed. The unlawful use of force or violence committed by an individual or group against persons or property in order to intimidate or coerce a government, the civilian population, or any segment thereof in furtherance of political or social objectives. An application of ICS used when there is more than one agency with incident jurisdiction or when incidents cross political jurisdictions. Agencies work together through the designated members of the Unified Command, to establish a common set of objectives and strategies and a single IAP. Advising the public of a threatening or occurring hazard and providing information to assist them in safely preparing for and responding to the hazard. Mutual aid agreement covering all cities, counties, and state agencies in Washington State. An alerting system which notifies all wireless phones within a specified geographic boundary regardless of enrollment in the local jurisdiction’s alerting system. A priority routing system for cellular phones that gives priority to government and other critical workers during an emergency. P a g e | 88

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Acronyms Acronym AC

Definition Alternating Current

Acronym DOH

Definition Department of Health

ALS

Advanced Life Support

DOT

Department of Transportation

ARC

American Red Cross

EAS

Emergency Alert System

ARES

Amateur Radio Emergency Services

EHP

ARRL

Amateur Radio Relay League

EMD

Environmental and Historic Preservation Emergency Management Division

ASL

American Sign Language

EMG

Emergency Management Group

BLS

Basic Life Support

EMP

Emergency Management Plan

CAO CBO

Chief Administrative Officer Community Based Organization

EMS EMWIN

Center for Disease Control and Prevention (HHS) CEMNET Comprehensive Emergency Management Network CEMP Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan CERT Community Emergency Response Team COAD Community Organizations Active in Disasters COG Continuity of Government

EOC

Emergency Medical Service Emergency Management Weather Information Network Emergency Operation Center

EPA

Environmental Protection Agency

EPCRA ESF

Emergency Planning and Community Right-To-Know Act Emergency Support Function

FBI

Federal Bureau of Investigation

FBOD

CPG

FEMA

CPOD

Comprehensive Preparedness Guidance Community Point of Distribution

GIS

Finance & Business Operations Division Federal Emergency Management Agency Geographic Information System

CTF

FBI Joint Cyber Task Force

GMA

Growth Management Act

DHS

Department of Homeland Security

HAZMAT

Hazardous Materials

DNRP

HHS

DOC

Department of Natural Resources and Parks Department Operations Center

DOD

Department of Defense

HMP

Department of Health and Human Services Hazard Identification and Vulnerability Assessment Hazard Mitigation Plan

CDC

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HIVA

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Cowlitz County CEMP Acronym

Definition

Acronym

Definition

DOE HR

Federal Department of Energy Human Resources

HOH NRF

Hard of Hearing National Response Framework

HSEEP

NWCG

Northwest Coordination Group

OEM

Office of Emergency Management

HVA

Homeland Security Exercise Evaluation Program Homeland Security Presidential Directive Hazard Vulnerability Analysis

OSHA

Incident Commander

PDA

Occupational Safety and Health Administration Preliminary Damage Assessment

ICS

Incident Command System

PIO

Public Information Officer

IMS

Incident Management System

PSAP

Public Safety Answering Points

Information Officer

RCW

Revised Code of Washington

JFO JIC

Joint Field Office Joint Information Center

RDP RFA

Regional Disaster Plan Regional Fire Authority

JIS

Joint Information System

RHMP

Regional Hazard Mitigation Plan

LEP

Limited English Proficiency

RSF

Recovery Support Function

LEPC

SAR

Search and Rescue

MAC

Local Emergency Planning Committee Multi Agency Coordination Group

SARA

MCI

Mass Casualty Incident

SBA

Superfund Amendments and Reauthorization Act Small Business Administration

MOU

Memorandum of Understanding

SERC

MSIASAC

Multi-State Information Sharing and Analysis Center

SOG

State Emergency Response Commission Standard Operating Guidelines

NCH

Natural, Cultural, and Historic

SOP

Standard Operating Procedure

NGO

Non-Governmental Organizations

UCG

NICC

National Interagency Coordinating Center National Interagency Fire Center

Washington State Cyber Unified Coordination Group United States

WAC

Washington Administrative Code

HSPD

NIFC

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Cowlitz County CEMP Acronym NIMS NIIMS NOAA WSDA WSDOT

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Definition National Incident Management System National Interagency Incident Management System National Oceanic Atmospheric Association Washington State Department of Agriculture Washington State Department of Transportation

Acronym WAEMD

WSP

Definition Washington State Emergency Management Division Washington State Animal Response Team Washington State Patrol

WSP HTCU

Washington State Patrol High Tech Crimes United

WASART

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ESF 1

EMERGENCY SUPPORT FUNCTION 1: TRANSPORTATION

Transportation Emergency Support Function (ESF) 1 Coordinating: • Cowlitz County Emergency Management Primary: • Cowlitz County Public Works • Public Works Departments of Longview, Kelso, Woodland, Kalama, and Castle Rock Support: • Ground Transportation – Public and Private • Washington State Patrol (WSP) • Washington State Department of Transportation (WSDOT) • School Districts – Public and Private • BNSF Railway • United States Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) • United State Coast Guard (USCG) • Cowlitz-Wahkiakum Council of Governments • Civil Air Patrol (CAP - USAF/aux.) • Southwest Washington Regional Airport, Kelso (KKLS) The following Emergency Support Functions (ESF) or Recovery Function support or coordinate with this ESF 1 (Transportation): • In the Response Phase: o Supporting: ▪ ESF 3 (Public Works & Engineering) ▪ ESF 6 (Mass Care) ▪ ESF 7 (Logistics) ▪ ESF 8 (Public Health & Medical Services) ▪ ESF 10 (Oil & Hazardous Materials) ▪ ESF 13 (Public Safety, Security & Evacuation) ▪ ESF 14 (Long-Term Recovery) o Coordinating: ▪ ESF 5 (Emergency Management) • In the Recovery Phase: o Supporting: ▪ ESF 2 (Communications) ▪ ESF 3 (Public Works & Engineering) ▪ ESF 12 (Energy) ▪ ESF 14 (Long-Term Recovery) 1 | Pa g e (033026)

ESF #1

EMERGENCY SUPPORT FUNCTION 1: TRANSPORTATION

ESF 1

o Coordinating: ▪ ESF 5 (Emergency Management)

1. Purpose 1.1 Emergency Support Function #1 – Transportation is to provide organization, mobilization and coordination of transportation services and infrastructure restoration during and following a disaster within Cowlitz County. Primary Core Capability Response Mission Area Provide transportation (including infrastructure access and accessible transportation services) for response priority objectives, including the evacuation of people and animals, and the delivery of vital response personnel, equipment, and services to the affected areas.

Critical Transportation

Primary Core Capability Recovery Mission Area Stabilize critical infrastructure functions, minimize health and safety threats, and efficiently restore and revitalize systems and services to support a viable, resilient community.

Infrastructure Systems

Support Core Capability Response Mission Area Stabilize critical infrastructure functions, minimize health and safety threats, and efficiently restore and revitalize systems and services to support a viable, resilient community.

Infrastructure Systems

Recovery Mission Area Return economic and business activities (including food and agriculture) to a healthy state and develop new business and employment opportunities that

Economic Recovery

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EMERGENCY SUPPORT FUNCTION 1: TRANSPORTATION

result in an economically viable community.

2. Policies 2.1. Priority is given to LIP: Life Safety, Incident Stabilization, and Property Protection/Preservation.

2.2 The chief elected official of the county and/or cities/towns involved have the authority to declare an emergency. This ESF is applicable when a disaster has been declared or when an Incident Commander (IC) determines that movement of individuals or material is required or anticipated.

2.3. Public transportation authorities and state departments with transportation resources and support operations are responsible for assessing and restoring transportation systems under their control. Priorities should be determined by the Policy Group or Multi-Agency Coordination Group (MACG) and coordinated by the Emergency Operations Center (EOC).

3. Situation Overview 3.1. The extent of damage to the infrastructure of the affected area will influence the strategy or pattern of assistance available and offered by transportation providers.

3.2. Immediately following an emergency there may be a heavy demand for transportation to move people, supplies, records, and equipment to minimize loss of life and property and to ensure continuity of government. Anticipated demand for emergency transportation services requires a coordinating agency to implement county-wide emergency transportation plans. During emergency operations transportation resources may be in short supply. Transportation routes may be damaged or destroyed requiring close coordination with WSDOT, WSP, Public Services/Works, Coast Guard, Civil Air Patrol, Kelso Regional Airport and municipal police authorities.

4. Concept of Operations 4.1.

The Cowlitz County EOC will coordinate an assessment of the Cowlitz County transportation network and after the information is analyzed the feasibility of air, rail, maritime and road travel will be determined. Information will be shared with

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ESF 1

EMERGENCY SUPPORT FUNCTION 1: TRANSPORTATION

appropriate traffic control agencies and organizations to aid in the effort to regulate the use of the transportation infrastructure in the affected area.

4.2.

The EOC will coordinate and maintain liaisons with transportation resources, coordinate with Public Works on determining emergency routes and damage assessments and assist with other appropriate transportation functions as needed.

4.3.

Primary and alternative transportation resources may be obtained from public agencies, the private sector, and volunteer organizations. State and Federal resources may be available on a short-term basis to augment local capabilities. These resources shall be requested through the Washington Emergency Management Division, State Emergency Operations Center (WAEMD SEOC).

4.4.

Resource needs and requests will be obtained from Cowlitz County departments, other ESFs, municipalities, and outside agencies. Requests will be prioritized, and resources will be allocated and deployed in mission assignments. Missions will be tracked, and resources will be reassigned as they become available for subsequent uses.

4.5.

Whole Community Involvement 4.5.1. A successful Whole Community transportation program assesses local assets and capabilities and bolsters identified weaknesses and supports locally driven solutions. This includes, but is not limited to, inclusive disaster planning, supporting local response organizations and processes, developing partnerships with supportive groups and agencies, and ensuring a place at the table for government, residents, NGOs, businesses, churches, advocacy organizations, and other stakeholders. 4.5.2

The Whole Community includes populations and individuals with disabilities and Access and Functional Needs (AFN). Any agency or organization that receives federal funding is required to have a plan or policy for addressing the needs of individuals with Limited English Proficiency (LEP), pursuant to Title VI, the Civil Rights Act. The Washington State Emergency Management Division and this ESF expect all agencies and organizations to comply with federal law. For more information on how each agency or organization complies with federal law, please contact the individual agency or organization.

4.5.3

Cowlitz Emergency Management with support from the CowlitzWahkiakum Council of Governments (CWCOG), as part of federal requirements regarding all transportation plans, uses these strategies to ensure plan efficiency and effectiveness:

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ESF 1

EMERGENCY SUPPORT FUNCTION 1: TRANSPORTATION

• • •

4.5.4

Provide multiple methods of public engagement including general dissemination of information through legacy media, informational meetings, the EM web page, and social media. Utilize in-person communication opportunities where and when appropriate with the general public. Place a special emphasis on outreach to minorities, those with disabilities or AFN, the rural population, translating informational materials into Spanish, and having Spanish speaking staff at meetings, as needed.

ESF #1 recognizes that inclusion and accessibility is about more than language translation. Inclusion and accessibility mean a concerted effort to engage populations with limited English proficiency (LEP), disabilities, or other conditions that limit access to recovery services, and to promote effective resource accessibility. No impacted individual should face a unique burden in securing resources for which they qualify and that are available to others. Mission Area

Critical Task I.D.

Critical Tasks Critical Transportation

Response

Establish physical access through appropriate transportation corridors and deliver required resources to save lives and to meet the needs of disaster survivors.

Ensure basic human needs are met, stabilize the incident, transition into recovery for an affected area, and restore basic services and community functionality

Clear debris from any route type (i.e., road, rail, airfield, port facility, waterway) to facilitate response operations.

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ESF 1

EMERGENCY SUPPORT FUNCTION 1: TRANSPORTATION

Mission Area

Critical Task I.D.

Critical Tasks Infrastructure Systems Decrease and stabilize immediate infrastructure threats to the affected population to include survivors in the heavily damaged zone, nearby communities that may be affected by cascading effects, and mass care support facilities and evacuation processing centers with a focus on life-sustainment and congregate care services.

Response

Mission Area

Re-establish critical infrastructure within the affected areas to support ongoing emergency response operations, life sustainment, community functionality, and a transition to recovery.

Provide for the clearance, removal, and disposal of debris.

Critical Task I.D.

Critical Tasks Infrastructure Systems

Recovery

Restore and sustain essential services (public and private) to maintain community functionality.

Develop a plan with a specified timeline for redeveloping community infrastructures to contribute to resiliency, accessibility, and sustainability. Provide systems that meet the community needs while minimizing service disruption during restoration within the specified timeline in the recovery plan

Mission Area

Critical Task I.D.

Critical Tasks

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ESF 1

EMERGENCY SUPPORT FUNCTION 1: TRANSPORTATION

Economic Recovery Conduct a preliminary assessment of economic issues and identify potential inhibitors to foster stabilization of the affected communities.

1 Recovery

Return affected area’s economy within the specified timeframe in the recovery plan.

5. Organization 5.1.

The ESF #1 position is staffed by a Transportation Coordinator (TC). The ESF #1 position, when activated, operates in the Cowlitz County EOC and is within the Operations Coordination Section reporting to the Operations Coordination Section Chief. This position is the link to the transportation operations in the field.

5.2.

The ESF #1 position provides subject-matter expertise to other EOC positions. Based on potential need, this ESF may operate on a 24-hour basis. Supporting agencies should have representatives available at the county EOC or by telephone on a 24-hour basis while ESF #1 is operational.

6. Direction, Control, and Coordination 6.1.

The Transportation Coordinator (TC) will report to the Cowlitz County EOC and help coordinate mass transportation activities when required.

6.2.

Emergency transportation operations may begin with support to Law Enforcement, Emergency Medical Services, and/or Fire and Damage Assessment Teams.

6.3.

Transportation providers will be given specific instructions for each transportation requirement. These instructions will include routes to be used, safety and limitations to prevent injury or damage. Each transportation mission should be outlined and approved by the TC.

6.4.

Circumstances may require special advisory groups of subject matter experts from diverse types of transportation modes (i.e., roads, rail, river, and air) to be assembled by the Cowlitz County EOC due to the potential complexity of the transportation response. The EOC will review transportation infrastructure intelligence information and coordinate guidance on specific strategies to be employed to appropriately manage and respond to a specific situation. The immediate protection of life, 7 | Pa g e

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ESF 1

property, and the environment will be considered with the prioritization of activities, such as debris clearing.

6.5.

Throughout the response and recovery activities, the Cowlitz County EOC should evaluate and analyze transportation movement and infrastructure assistance requests and develop / update transportation status assessments. The EOC, in coordination with Public Services/ Works, should confirm the actual need upon receiving conflicting or questionable requests. The Cowlitz County EOC along with primary and supporting organizations will maintain accurate disaster logs and track expenditures to support after-action reports, reimbursements, and any other documentation of the event conditions.

6.6

The lead Public Information Officer (PIO) - or Joint Information Center (JIC), if established - will broadcast public service announcements offering safety guidance and protective measures to be taken.

7. Information Collection, Analysis, and Dissemination 7.1.

Information collection on transportation services and infrastructure status will be coordinated through ESF #1 and the Cowlitz County EOC or other designated points as appropriate to the incident.

7.2.

The local Incident Commander (IC) or designee is responsible for providing situation reports and periodic updates to keep the EOC informed. The EOC’s Transportation Coordinator (TC), or designee shall provide situation reports to local support agencies and the Washington State Emergency Management Division (WAEMD) – State Emergency Operations Center (SEOC) as appropriate.

7.3.

Jurisdiction, agency, private-sector, non-governmental, and volunteer organization representatives within the EOC will assist with meeting the information collection, verification, analysis, and dissemination needs / methods of the EOC and the JIC (if activated). This will include maintaining contact with their local incident PIOs for reports and updates.

7.4.

Some transportation services and infrastructure information / requests (e.g., expenditures, contracting, etc.) coming into the EOC may require a vetting process through the Policy Group and by the EOC Manager due to legal, policy, ethical, or other concerns.

7.5.

The EOC will be responsible for collection, verification, analysis, and dissemination of the latest incident information using Situation Reports (SitRep), WebEOC, and similar channels. 8 | Pa g e

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ESF 1

8. Responsibilities Response Mission Area Critical Task I.D.

Activity / Action

Organizations(s) Name

Critical Transportation

Obtain an initial assessment of transportation assets currently in use and transportation needs; determines the appropriate management response to meet the request for assistance.

Public Works Cowlitz County and municipalities

Critical Transportation

Provides transportation resources as available to support operations.

Public / Private Transportation

Core Capability

School Districts

Critical Transportation

1, 2

Block off streets and roads and establish detours as appropriate and directed by EOC or law enforcement agencies.

Determine which roads, runways, and railways within their jurisdiction are unusable and report information to the Cowlitz County EOC.

Public Works Cowlitz County and municipalities Washington State Patrol Public Works Cowlitz County and municipalities Public / Private Transportation Kelso Airport BNSF Railway

Critical Transportation

Provides contracting services through ESF #3 for transportation operations to obtain heavy equipment and/or demolition services as needed.

Public Works Cowlitz County and municipalities

Critical Transportation

Provide transportation assistance planning to restore community functionality.

Cowlitz Co. Emergency Management

Critical Transportation

Initiate debris removal and street/runway/railroad repair, where possible

Public Works Cowlitz County and municipalities

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Public / Private Transportation Infrastructure Systems

Infrastructure Systems

Kelso Airport BNSF Railway 1

Provides structural analysis of critical transportation infrastructure to determine its stability/safety.

1, 2

Provides support in the emergency restoration of critical transportation infrastructure

1, 2, 3

Provides aerial imagery and reconnaissance, as requested.

U.S. Army Corps of Engineers WA Dept. of Transportation U.S. Army Corps of Engineers WA Dept. of Transportation Civil Air Patrol WA Dept. of Transportation

Recovery Mission Area Core Capability

Critical Task I.D.

Activity / Action

Organizations(s) Name Cowlitz Co. Emergency Management

Economic Recovery

1, 2

Assess the economic issues to stabilize communities and the county within a specified timeframe in the recovery plan.

CowlitzWahkiakum Council of Gov’t Public Works Cowlitz County and municipalities

Infrastructure Systems

Coordinate and collaborate in restoring the transportation infrastructure through ESF #3 (Public Works & Engineering).

All Primary, Coordination, and Support Organizations Public Works Cowlitz County and municipalities

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ESF 1

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Infrastructure Systems

1, 3

Maintain logistics support through the EOC for mobilizing resources for transportation.

Cowlitz Co. Emergency Management Cowlitz Co. Emergency Management

Infrastructure Systems

Coordinate a recovery plan for redeveloping the transportation infrastructure.

Public Works Cowlitz County and municipalities CowlitzWahkiakum Council of Gov’t U.S. Army Corps of Engineers

9. Resource Requirements Resources

Providers

Desktop or laptop WebEOC login (Guest Account) Contact Master List (phone, email) Internet and drive access Home agencies’ SOPs Desk phone Two-way radio

Cowlitz County EOC (may bring home agency laptop) EOC, Emergency Management, own agency EOC and/or home agency EOC, Emergency Management Home agency/organization EOC, Emergency Management EOC and/or home agency

Training

Providers

G0191 – ICS-IMT/EOC Interface ICS 100, 200, 700, 800 ICS 300, 400 Position-Specific training G2300

Cowlitz Emergency Management, WAEMD Cowlitz Emergency Management, FEMA - IS Cowlitz Emergency Management, WAEMD Cowlitz Emergency Management, WAEMD Cowlitz Emergency Management, WAEMD

10. Reference and Supporting Plans ▪ ▪

ESF 2 (Communications) ESF 3 (Public Works and Engineering) 11 | P a g e

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▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪

ESF 5 (Emergency Management) ESF 6 (Mass Care, Emergency Assistance, Housing, Human Services) ESF 7 (Logistics and Resource Support) ESF 8 (Public Health and Medical Services) ESF 10 (Oil and Hazardous Materials) ESF 12 (Energy) ESF 13 (Public Safety, Law Enforcement, Security) ESF 14 (Recovery) Washington State Military Department, Emergency Management Division, Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan (CEMP), ESF 1. Revised Code of Washington (RCW) Title 47, Public Highways and Transportation Washington Administrative Code (WAC) Title 468, Department of Transportation

11. Terms and Definitions Cowlitz-Wahkiakum Council of Governments (CWCOG) •

The Cowlitz-Wahkiakum Council of Governments (CWCOG) is a joint governmental agency composed voluntarily of local governments in Washington State’s Cowlitz and Wahkiakum Counties and Oregon State’s City of Rainier. Its core purpose is to study regional and governmental issues of mutual interest and concern. Specifically, CWCOG’s mission is to efficiently utilize resources at a regional level to yield long-term benefits that enhance the quality of life for our local communities. It provides a forum for members to work together on issues which cross jurisdictional lines and require cooperative resolutions. In addition, the agency itself provides planning and technical services in the areas of transportation, economic development, community development, and project support to our members.

•

The Transportation Program is the largest and longest running program, next to small city planning, administered by the CWCOG. It is through the Metropolitan Planning Organization (MPO) designation and subsequent assignment as lead agency of the five-county Regional Transportation Planning Organization (RTPO) that the CWCOG facilitates and administers the Washington and Oregon State Department of Transportations’ (WSDOT, ODOT) and the Federal Highways & Transit Administrations’ (FHWA, FTA) programs. It is through these programs’ plans and reports that the Federal and State Transportation Departments receive project data and prioritization which is the basis for funding decisions. It is the responsibility of CWCOG staff to work closely with local county and city agencies, ports, rail, and private sector representatives and stakeholders in the development of transportation planning activities within the CWCOG service area. The CWCOG collaborates at a federal and state level to see these activities funded.

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ESF 2

EMERGENCY SUPPORT FUNCTION 2: COMMUNICATIONS

Communications Emergency Support Function (ESF) 2 Coordinating: • Cowlitz County Emergency Management Primary: • Cowlitz 911 • Auxiliary Communications Support (ACS) – ARES/RACES Support: • Cowlitz County IT • Cowlitz Public Works • Fire Service • Commercial vendors – technology • Media (e.g., radio, print, cable/TV) The following Emergency Support Functions (ESF) or Recovery Functions support or coordinate with this ESF 2 (Communications): • In the Response Phase: o Supporting: ▪ ESF 1 (Transportation) ▪ ESF 3 (Public Works & Engineering) ▪ ESF 4 (Firefighting) ▪ ESF 7 (Logistics) ▪ ESF 10 (Oil & Hazardous Materials) ▪ ESF 12 (Energy) ▪ ESF 14 (Long-Term Recovery) o Coordinating: ▪ ESF 5 (Emergency Management) • In the Recovery Phase: o Supporting: ▪ ESF 1 (Transportation) ▪ ESF 3 (Public Works & Engineering) ▪ ESF 12 (Energy) ▪ ESF 14 (Long-Term Recovery) 1 | Pa g e (033026)

ESF #2

EMERGENCY SUPPORT FUNCTION 2: COMMUNICATIONS

ESF 2

▪ ESF 15 (Public Affairs) o Coordinating: ▪ ESF 5 (Emergency Management)

1. Purpose 1.1 To provide guidance for rapid alerting and/or warning to key local jurisdiction officials, emergency responders, and the general public of an impending or occurring emergency or disaster. 1.2 To provide guidance for organizing, establishing, and maintaining the telecommunications and information system capabilities necessary to meet the operational requirements of local jurisdictions in responding to, and recovering from, emergencies and disasters.

Primary Core Capability Shared Response and Recovery Mission Areas Stabilize critical infrastructure functions, minimize health and safety threats, and Infrastructure Systems efficiently restore and revitalize systems and services to support a viable, resilient community.

Primary Core Capability Response Mission Area Ensure the capacity for timely communications in support of security, Operational Communications situational awareness, and operations, by all means available, among and between affected communities in the impact area.

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ESF 2

EMERGENCY SUPPORT FUNCTION 2: COMMUNICATIONS

Support Core Capability Response Mission Area Deliver coordinated, prompt, reliable, and actionable information to the whole community using clear, consistent, accessible, and culturally and Public Information and Warning linguistically appropriate methods to effectively relay information regarding any threat or hazard and, as appropriate, the actions being taken, to be taken, and the assistance being made available. Support Core Capability Recovery Mission Area Return economic and business activities (including food and agriculture) to a Economic Recovery healthy state and develop new business and employment opportunities that result in an economically viable community.

2. Policies 2.1. This plan will govern Cowlitz County communications warning activities related to mitigating, preparing for, responding to, and recovering from emergencies or disasters.

2.2 Communications and warning support requirements that cannot be met at the Cowlitz County level will be referred to the Washington State Emergency Management Division (WAEMD) without delay.

3. Situation Overview 3.1. The Emergency Alert System (EAS) is managed by the Washington State Association of Broadcasters (WSAB) in collaboration with the Society of Broadcast Engineers and the Washington Emergency Management Division. It operates through designated radio and television stations. It is intended to provide federal, state, and local jurisdictions with the means to disseminate prompt, reliable emergency information, instructions, and warning in the event of local, state, or national emergencies. Local radio broadcasters’ participation for most warnings is voluntary. The EAS may also 3 | Pa g e (033026)

ESF #2

ESF 2

EMERGENCY SUPPORT FUNCTION 2: COMMUNICATIONS

be used by law enforcement to provide Abducted Minor Broadcast Emergency Response (AMBER) alert, Blue Alert System for alerts following an attack upon a law enforcement officer, the Silver Alert System designed to locate missing vulnerable adults with cognitive impairments, Endangered Missing Person Advisory, and Missing and Indigenous Persons Alert.

3.2. Organizations which have their own communications systems may assist in supporting the emergency communication needs of the Cowlitz 911, Cowlitz County EOC, and Cowlitz County Emergency Management.

3.3

Activation of all available communication systems and resources may need to be utilized in addition to primary voice telephone capability, to establish both primary and backup communication between the Cowlitz County EOC, Cowlitz 911, other Homeland Security Region 4 Emergency Operating Centers, and the Washington Emergency Management Division (WAEMD) State Emergency Operations Center (SEOC). These systems are available in a separate ACSARES/RACE communications plan, and the Cowlitz 911 communications protocols.

4. Concept of Operations 4.1.

An assessment of the county-wide communications infrastructure will be conducted, verified, and the information analyzed, to determine the feasibility/operability of landline, cellular, emergency communications systems and electronic communications in the affected area(s).

4.2.

The status of communications technology and resources will be disseminated widely among emergency response agencies. Warnings or notifications will be made through Cowlitz 911, Cowlitz County Emergency Management or the Cowlitz County Emergency Operations Center (EOC) when activated.

4.3.

Public service announcements about status of communications and the established procedure for obtaining help in the event of an emergency will be disseminated in the most appropriate and effective manner to reach the largest audiences, consistent with the technology or resources available for use.

4.4.

Priority repair will be focused on restoring communications to critical infrastructure, then to the areas that will affect the largest number of people.

4.5.

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ESF 2

EMERGENCY SUPPORT FUNCTION 2: COMMUNICATIONS

4.5.1. ESF #2 is concerned with getting proper emergency or incident information out to the public. An Emergency Notification System (ENS) provides immediate geographical warning and information to Cowlitz County residents and businesses through a web-based “Reverse Call” system. Citizens can ‘opt-in’ and provide contact information: unlisted phone numbers, cell phone numbers, email, text messaging (SMS), and Telecommunication Device for the Deaf (TTY). Cowlitz County Emergency Management the ability to send notifications in English and Spanish utilizing this system. 4.5.2

The Whole Community includes populations / individuals with disabilities and Access and Functional Needs (AFN). Any agency or organization that receives federal funding is required to have a plan or policy for addressing the needs of individuals with Limited English Proficiency (LEP), pursuant to Title VI, the Civil Rights Act. The Washington State Emergency Management Division and this ESF expect all agencies and organizations to comply with federal law. For more information on how each agency or organization complies with federal law, please contact the individual agency or organization.

Mission Area

Critical Task I.D.

Critical Tasks

Operational Communication

Response

Ensure the capacity to communicate with both the emergency response community and the affected populations and establish interoperable voice and data communications between Federal, tribal, state, and local first responders.

Re-establish sufficient communications infrastructure within the affected areas to support ongoing life-sustaining activities, provide basic human needs, and a transition to recovery.

Re-establish critical information networks, including cybersecurity information sharing networks, to inform situational awareness, 5 | Pa g e

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ESF 2

EMERGENCY SUPPORT FUNCTION 2: COMMUNICATIONS

enable incident response, and support the resilience of key systems. Mission Area

Critical Task I.D.

Critical Tasks Infrastructure Systems Decrease and stabilize immediate infrastructure threats to the affected population, to include survivors in the heavily damaged zone, nearby communities that may be affected by cascading effects, and mass care support facilities and evacuation processing centers with a focus on life-sustainment and congregate care services.

Response

Re-establish critical infrastructure within the affected areas to support ongoing emergency response operations, life sustainment, community functionality, and a transition to recovery.

Recovery

Mission Area

Restore and sustain essential services (public and private) to maintain community functionality.

Develop a plan with a specified timeline for redeveloping community infrastructures to contribute to resiliency, accessibility, and sustainability.

Critical Task I.D.

Critical Tasks

Public Information and Warning

1 Response

Provide all affected segments of the community with critical lifesaving and lifesustaining information, including accessible tools, to expedite the delivery of emergency services and aid the public to take protective actions. Deliver credible and actionable messages to inform ongoing emergency services and the public about protective measures and other 6 | Pa g e

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ESF 2

EMERGENCY SUPPORT FUNCTION 2: COMMUNICATIONS

life-sustaining actions and facilitate the transition to recovery.

Mission Area

Critical Task I.D.

Critical Tasks Economic Recovery

Recovery

Conduct a preliminary assessment of economic issues and identify potential inhibitors to achieve stabilization of the affected communities.

5. Organization 5.1.

Emergency telecommunications and warning for Cowlitz County is coordinated through the Cowlitz County Emergency Management or the EOC. The Policy Group, the Emergency Management Director/EOC Manager, an Incident Commander, or the lead Public Information Officer/Joint Information Center must authorize or approve all outgoing alerts, warnings, and press releases. (See ESF 5 – Emergency Management, and ESF 15 – Public Affairs)

5.2.

The ESF #2 position provides subject-matter expertise to other EOC positions. Based on potential need, this ESF may operate on a 24-hour basis. Supporting agencies have representatives available at the county EOC or remotely by any electronic means available on a 24-hour basis while ESF #2 is operational.

6. Direction, Control, and Coordination 6.1.

Communication capabilities available to departments, agencies, and jurisdictions (fire, law enforcement, public works, etc.) within the county include their normal two-way radios, wireless data transmission, WebEOC, standard telephone systems including facsimiles, and cellular phones. Local jurisdiction first responders have tactical and operational control of any incident involving a single agency. Cowlitz 911 coordinates emergency response communications within the county and cities

6.2.

Support agencies / organizations are responsible for maintaining their plans and training in coordination with this ESF. When requested by the EOC, they will

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ESF 2

provide communications equipment and personnel as needed, and as available, in accordance with their primary mission or responsibilities.

6.3

6.4

Public Safety Answering Points (PSAPs) are a critical cornerstone of emergency communications. They serve as the first point of contact for the public during emergencies, and their role extends far beyond simply answering 911 calls. • Primary point of contact for emergencies • Provide life-saving guidance • Coordinate with first responders and agencies • Incident documentation and information management • Provide back-up for public alerts and notifications • Support for special populations Cowlitz 911 has alternate dispatch capabilities at the Cowlitz County Administration Building. They have developed Continuity of Operations Plans. ACES has alternate communications equipment located at Cowlitz 911.

7. Information Collection, Analysis, and Dissemination 7.1.

Information collection on transportation services and infrastructure status will be coordinated through ESF #s and the Cowlitz County EOC or other designated points as appropriate to the incident.

7.2.

The local Incident Commander (IC) or designee is responsible for providing situation reports and periodic updates to keep the EOC informed. The EOC, Emergency Management, or designee shall provide situation reports to the Policy Group (MACG) and the Washington State Emergency Management Division (WAEMD) – State Emergency Operations Center (SEOC) as appropriate.

7.3.

7.4.

Some incoming information/requests into the EOC may require a vetting process through the Cowlitz County Civil Attorney, Policy Group and the EOC Manager due to legal, policy, ethical, or other concerns.

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ESF 2

7.5.

The EOC will be responsible for collection, verification, analysis, and dissemination of the latest incident information using Situation Reports (SitRep), WebEOC, and similar channels.

7.6

Evaluating the effectiveness of life safety information (LSI) communication through After Action Reports (AARs) requires a structured, repeatable process that ties observed performance to measurable outcomes and continuous improvement. The process typically includes the following phases: • Defining evaluation objectives and criteria • Collection of data during and after the incident • Analyze communication performance • Identify strengths, gaps and root causes • Develop corrective actions • Implement an improvement plan • Monitor and validate improvements • Ensure transparency and stakeholder engagement

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ESF 2

8. Responsibilities Response Mission Area Critical Task I.D.

Activity / Action

Organizations(s) Name

Operational Communication

Establish sufficient temporary mobile or transportable telecommunications equipment.

Primary Organizations

Operational Communication

Provides redundant and backup communication support.

2, 3

Re-establish critical information networks to inform situational awareness, enable incident response, and support the resilience of key systems.

Maintain Cybersecurity Controls, updated regularly by for instance the Consortium of Cybersecurity Action (CCA).

Core Capability

Operational Communication

Inform the chain of command (including Policy Group) and ongoing emergency services of any major communications infrastructure damage that would affect the emergency communications of the county. Provide communications equipment, personnel, support as needed, and as available, in accordance with their primary mission or responsibilities

Infrastructure Systems

1, 2

Infrastructure Systems

Establish preliminary damage assessment status regarding communication infrastructure.

Public Information and Warning

1, 2

Assist with the dissemination of information regarding the status of communications and any call to actions.

Private Sector Vendors Auxiliary Communications Support (ACS) Information Technology Private Sector Vendors Information Technology

Cowlitz County Emergency Management

Auxiliary Communications Support (ACS) Private Sector Vendors Cowlitz 911 Infrastructure Systems Cowlitz County Emergency Management 10 | P a g e

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Public Information and Warning

1, 2

Disseminate public service announcements and warnings as requested. Coordinate with ESF #15.

Cowlitz County Emergency Management

Recovery Mission Area Core Capability Infrastructure Systems Infrastructure Systems Economic Recovery

Critical Task I.D.

Activity / Action

Organizations(s) Name

Continue to utilize primary and alternate communication and warning systems to coordinate recovery activities.

All Primary and Support Organizations

Develop a plan in coordination with supporting partners with a specified timeline for redeveloping community.

Cowlitz County Emergency Management

Conduct a preliminary assessment of economic issues and continue to utilize primary and alternate communication and warning systems to foster priority stabilization.

Cowlitz County Emergency Management

9. Resource Requirements Resources

Providers

Desktop or laptop WebEOC login (Guest Account) Contact Master List (phone, email) Internet and drive access Home agencies’ SOPs Desk phone Two-way radio

Training

Providers

G0191 – ICS-IMT/EOC Interface ICS 100, 200, 700, 800 ICS 300, 400 Position-Specific training G2300

Cowlitz Emergency Management, WAEMD Cowlitz Emergency Management, FEMA - IS Cowlitz Emergency Management, WAEMD Cowlitz Emergency Management, WAEMD Cowlitz Emergency Management, WAEMD

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ESF 2

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10. Reference and Supporting Plans • • • • • • • • • • •

• • •

ESF 1 – Transportation, Cowlitz County CEMP ESF 3 – Public Works and Engineering, Cowlitz County CEMP ESF 4 – Firefighting, Cowlitz County CEMP ESF 5 – Emergency Management, Cowlitz County CEMP ESF 7 – Resource Support, Cowlitz County CEMP ESF 10 – Oil and Hazardous Materials, Cowlitz County CEMP ESF 12 – Energy, Cowlitz County CEMP ESF 14 – Long-Term Recovery, Cowlitz County CEMP ESF 15 – Public Affairs, Cowlitz County CEMP Chapter 38.52 Revised Code of Washington (RCW) FEMA Manual 211-2-1 January 30, 2018, National Warning System (NAWAS) Operations FCC Rules and Regulations Part 97 Amateur Radio Service, Subpart E – Providing Emergency Communications Washington Administrative Code (WAC) 480.120.412 – Major outages regarding telecommunications providers Washington State CEMP, Emergency Support Function #2 – Communications National Emergency Communications Plan, 2014 – Provides information and guidance to those that plan for, coordinate, invest in, and use operable and interoperable communications for response and recovery operations. To address the rapidly evolving emergency communications landscape, the NECP emphasizes the need to enhance and update the policies, governance structures, plans, and protocols that enable responders to communicate and share information under all Circumstances.

11. Terms and Definitions 11.1. Amateur Radio Emergency Services (ARES) – Licensed amateurs who have voluntarily registered their qualifications and equipment, with Cowlitz County ARES/RACES leadership, for communications duty in the public service when disaster strikes.

11.2. Comprehensive Emergency Management Network (CEMNET) – An emergency management radio system that is the primary backup communication link between the state EOC and local EOC's throughout the state. It also serves as a link to other agencies such as the state departments of Ecology and Health, the UW Seismology Lab, and Harborview Medical Center.

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11.3. Incident Management Team (IMT) - Provides on-scene incident management support during incidents or events that exceed a jurisdiction's or agency’s capability or capacity.

11.4. Radio Amateur Civil Emergency Service (RACES) – A special phase of amateur operation sponsored by the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) that provides radio communications for civil-preparedness purposes only, during periods of local, regional, or national emergencies. Although RACES and ARES are separate entities it is common for participating amateurs to maintain dual membership in both organizations. The RACES regulations make it simple and possible for an ARES group whose members are all enrolled in and certified by RACES to operate in an emergency with great flexibility.

11.5. WebEOC – Web-based software that is designed to bring real-time crisis information management to local or state Emergency Operation Centers. It provides secure, realtime access to details of operations in the local jurisdiction, neighboring jurisdictions, including regional, state and national data vital to the efficient management of any contingency (e.g., weather trends, satellite images, mapping information, and local, regional or national resource status).

11.7. Cowlitz County Emergency Operations Center (EOC) – The central coordination point for county-wide multi-jurisdiction disaster support. Keeps the Cowlitz County Policy Group (MACG) and WA SEOC informed of incident situation.

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ESF 3

EMERGENCY SUPPORT FUNCTION 3: PUBLIC WORKS AND ENGINEERING

Public Works and Engineering Emergency Support Function (ESF) 3 Coordinating: • Cowlitz County Emergency Management Primary: • Cowlitz County Public Works • Public Works Departments of Longview, Kelso, Woodland, Kalama, and Castle Rock • Cowlitz County Emergency Management • Cowlitz PUD Support: • Cowlitz County Sheriff, municipalities’ Police Departments • Cowlitz County Fire Districts / Longview Fire Department • Washington State Patrol (WSP) • Washington State Department of Transportation (WSDOT) • Transportation – Public and Private • United States Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) The following Emergency Support Functions (ESF) or Recovery Functions support or coordinate with this ESF 3 (Public Works and Engineering): • In the Response Phase: o Supporting: ▪ ESF 1 (Transportation) ▪ ESF 2 (Communications) ▪ ESF 4 (Firefighting) ▪ ESF 5 (Emergency Management) ▪ ESF 6 (Mass Care) ▪ ESF 7 Logistics) ▪ ESF 8 (Public Health & Medical Services) ▪ ESF 10 (Oil & Hazardous Materials) ▪ ESF 13 (Public Safety, Security & Evacuation) ▪ ESF 14 (Long-Term Recovery) o Coordinating: 1 | Pa g e (033026)

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EMERGENCY SUPPORT FUNCTION 3: PUBLIC WORKS AND ENGINEERING

•

ESF 3

▪ ESF 5 (Information & Planning) In the Recovery Phase: o Supporting: ▪ ESF 1 (Transportation) ▪ ESF 2 (Communications) ▪ ESF 12 (Energy) ▪ ESF 13 (Public Safety, Security & Evacuation) ▪ ESF 14 (Long-Term Recovery) o Coordinating: ▪ ESF 5 (Information & Planning)

1. Purpose 1.1 Emergency Support Function (ESF) #3 – Public Works & Engineering provides technical advice and or coordination for evaluation, engineering services, contracting for construction management and inspection, contracting for emergency repair of water and wastewater facilities, potable water and ice, emergency power and real estate support to assist the county and municipalities in meeting goals related to lifesaving and life sustaining actions, damage mitigation, and recovery activities following a major disaster emergency. Primary Core Capability Shared Response and Recovery Mission Area Stabilize critical infrastructure functions, minimize health and safety threats, and Infrastructure Systems efficiently restore and revitalize systems and services to support a viable, resilient community.

Support Core Capability Response Mission Area Provide transportation (including infrastructure access and accessible transportation services) for response Critical Transportation priority objectives, including the evacuation of people and animals and the delivery of vital response personnel, equipment, and services into the affected areas.

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Environmental Response/Health & Safety

ESF 3

Logistics & Supply Chain Management

Mass Care Services

Provide life-sustaining and human services to the affected population, to include hydration, feeding, sheltering, temporary housing, evacuee support, reunification, and distribution of emergency supplies.

Ensure the capacity for timely communications in support of security, situational awareness, and operations, by Operational Communications all means available, among and between affected communities in the impact area and all response forces. Recovery Mission Area Return economic and business activities (including food and agriculture) to a healthy state and develop new business and employment opportunities that result in an economically viable community.

Economic Recovery

2. Policies 2.1. Coordination with and support of local emergency operations is accomplished through the local road crews, local emergency management agency, or other appropriate local agencies.

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ESF 3

EMERGENCY SUPPORT FUNCTION 3: PUBLIC WORKS AND ENGINEERING

2.2 Cowlitz County and its municipal jurisdictions provide public works response services to land and facilities under their respective jurisdictions. Response to private property problems should be done only when a jurisdiction infrastructure, such as a culvert, is causing the problem or when life or public health is threatened.

3. Situation Overview 3.1. The extent of damage to the public infrastructure of the affected area, in addition to the condition of the transportation network in the area, will influence the strategy for assessment and restoration operations.

3.2. After certain disaster events, urban water systems may be inoperable or sufficiently damaged, so priority should be given to firefighting, health care and life saving needs.

3.3

Public Works facilities or equipment may be damaged or inaccessible, and some employees may not be able to report for work. Also, normal communication systems may be damaged or overloaded. There will be a significant need for damage assessment information. Damaged structures may pose safety risks to emergency workers and the public. There could be scattered, or large areas affected by power outages, loss of water, or loss of sewage collection and treatment facilities. Need for public works and engineering services may exceed resources within the county.

3.4. Support and assistance from outside Cowlitz County may be obtained through mutual aid agreements with surrounding counties or the Washington State Emergency Management Division (WAEMD).

4. Concept of Operations 4.1.

An assessment of the condition of public infrastructure will be conducted and the information analyzed to determine the criticality of immediate repair, restoration, or demolition of any structure, facility, or utility services (gas, electric, communications). The status of the public infrastructure will be disseminated widely among emergency response and recovery agencies and local governments, in particular the condition of water supply, wastewater, and solid waste treatment facilities.

4.2.

Cowlitz County Public Works will have the lead for events requiring an extensive public works response in the unincorporated areas of the county. Likewise, if the needed response is inside a city jurisdiction, the respective city’s Public Works 4 | Pa g e

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EMERGENCY SUPPORT FUNCTION 3: PUBLIC WORKS AND ENGINEERING

Department will have the lead for events requiring an extensive public works response.

4.3.

Bridges and overpasses are components of the local road system; however they will require additional resources to inspect and repair.

4.4.

Cowlitz County Public Works will provide a liaison to the Cowlitz County EOC or will maintain direct contact with the EOC in another manner. Prioritization, coordination, and support of response and recovery efforts will take place at the EOC.

4.5.

County and city building inspectors may be requested to assist public works with damage assessment and may be asked to take a lead role regarding inspections and damage assessment of buildings. This request, prioritization, coordination, and support will take place at the Cowlitz County EOC.

4.6.

Resource needs and requests will be obtained from Cowlitz County departments and agencies, other ESFs, and municipalities. Cities/towns and the county may enter into emergency contracts with businesses and contractors for assistance with inspections, provision of specialized and/or heavy equipment, and trained operators. Requests will be prioritized, and resources will be allocated and deployed in mission assignments. Missions will be tracked, and resources will be reassigned as they become available for subsequent uses.

4.7.

All public information and news release information regarding public works and/or building inspectors will be coordinated by the Lead Public Information Officer (PIO) or Joint Information Center (JIC), if activated (See ESF 15 – Public Affairs).

4.8.

Whole Community Involvement 4.7.1. A successful Whole Community transportation program assesses local assets and capabilities and bolsters identified weaknesses and supports locally driven solutions. This includes, but is not limited to, inclusive disaster planning, supporting local response organizations and processes, developing partnerships with supportive groups and agencies, and ensuring a place at the table for government, residents, NGOs, businesses, churches, advocacy organizations, and other stakeholders. 4.7.2

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ESF 3

EMERGENCY SUPPORT FUNCTION 3: PUBLIC WORKS AND ENGINEERING

policy for addressing the needs of individuals with Limited English Proficiency (LEP), pursuant to Title VI, the Civil Rights Act. The Washington State Emergency Management Division and this ESF expect all agencies and organizations to comply with federal law. For more information on how each agency or organization complies with federal law, please contact the individual agency or organization. 4.7.3

ESF #3 recognizes that inclusion and accessibility is about more than language translation. Inclusion and accessibility mean a concerted effort to engage populations with limited English proficiency (LEP), disabilities, or other conditions that limit access to recovery services, and to promote effective resource accessibility – that is, that no impacted individuals face a unique burden in securing resources for which they qualify, and that are available to others.

Mission Area

Critical Task I.D.

Critical Tasks Infrastructure Systems

Re-establish critical infrastructure within the affected areas to support ongoing emergency response operations, life sustainment, community functionality, and a transition to recovery

Provide for the clearance, removal, and disposal of debris.

Restore and sustain essential services (public and private) to maintain community functionality.

Response

Recovery

Develop a plan with a specified timeline for redeveloping community infrastructures to 6 | Pa g e

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ESF 3

EMERGENCY SUPPORT FUNCTION 3: PUBLIC WORKS AND ENGINEERING

contribute to resiliency, accessibility, and sustainability.

Mission Area

Provide systems that meet the community needs while minimizing service disruption during restoration within the specified timeline in the recovery plan.

Critical Task I.D.

Critical Tasks Critical Transportation

Ensure basic human needs are met, stabilize the incident, transition into recovery for an affected area, and restore basic services and community functionality.

Clear debris from any route type (i.e., road, rail, airfield, port facility, waterway) to facilitate response operations.

Response

Mission Area

Critical Task I.D.

Critical Tasks

Environmental Response / Health & Safety Response

Identify, assess, and mitigate worker health and safety hazards, and disseminate health and safety guidance and resources to response and recovery workers.

Mission Area

Critical Task I.D.

Critical Tasks

Logistics & Supply Chain Services Response

Enhance public and private resources and services support for an affected area.

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ESF 3

EMERGENCY SUPPORT FUNCTION 3: PUBLIC WORKS AND ENGINEERING

Mission Area

Critical Task I.D.

Critical Tasks Mass Care Services

Move and deliver resources and capabilities to meet the needs of disaster survivors, including individuals with access and functional needs.

Establish, staff, and equip emergency shelters and other temporary housing options (including accessible housing) for the affected population.

Critical Task I.D.

Critical Tasks

Response

Mission Area

Operational Communications Re-establish sufficient communications infrastructure within the affected areas to support ongoing life-sustaining activities, provide basic human needs, and a transition to recovery.

Response

Mission Area

Critical Task I.D.

Critical Tasks Economic Recovery

Conduct a preliminary assessment of economic issues and identify potential inhibitors to foster stabilization of the affected communities.

Return affected area’s economy within the specified timeframe in the recovery plan

Recovery

5. Organization 5.1.

The ESF #3 position will likely be staffed by a representative from the Cowlitz County Public Works Department. Personnel assigned to this position are recommended by the County Public Works Director and coordinated through the 8 | Pa g e

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ESF 3

Director of Emergency Management or designee. The ESF #3 position, when activated, operates in the Cowlitz County EOC and is a member of the Infrastructure Branch within the Operational Coordination Section reporting to the Infrastructure Branch Director or Operations Coordination Section Chief. This position is the link to the public works operations in the field.

5.2.

The ESF #3 position also provides subject-matter expertise to other EOC positions. Based on potential need, this ESF may operate on a 24-hour basis. Supporting agencies have representatives available at the County EOC or by telephone or email on a 24-hour basis while ESF #3 is operational.

6. Direction, Control, and Coordination 6.1.

Local government Incident Commanders (IC) will exercise tactical direction and control of disaster activities within the jurisdiction where the emergency occurs. The IC, or designee, will coordinate with Cowlitz County Emergency Management whose responsibility is to implement the County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan (CEMP). Each jurisdiction shall establish Standard Operating Guidelines (SOGs) to control and direct response and recovery actions. 6.1.1. With the possible assistance from the Cowlitz-Wahkiakum Council of Governments (CWCOG) and the Cowlitz County Emergency Management (or their activated EOC), this ESF will develop transportation plans that transcend jurisdictional boundaries that affect the quality of life for the Cowlitz County area.

6.2.

In cases where the local emergency response lacks existing resources or resources have been depleted, the affected jurisdiction’s IC, in coordination with Cowlitz County Emergency Management should request county mutual aid first and then subsequently ask for state aid through the State EOC. Resources made available to the local government will be under the operational control of the Policy Group (MACG) or – in most cases – delegated to the Incident Commander. When the mission of thus-acquired resources is completed, the local Cowlitz County EOC will be notified and the resource returned for further assignment.

6.3.

If the needed response exceeds these local capabilities, the Elected Officials (Policy Group – MACG) of the local jurisdiction may declare a “State of local Emergency” to expedite access to resources needed to cope with the incident.

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ESF 3

6.4.

Cowlitz County Emergency Management is responsible for the proper functioning of the EOC during emergency operations. Cowlitz County Emergency Management also acts as a liaison with state and federal emergency agencies, and neighboring counties.

6.5.

The Cowlitz County CEOC is the central point for coordinating emergency response and recovery actions. The purpose of this central point is to ensure a harmonious response when the emergency involves more than one jurisdictional entity and several response agencies. Coordination of services will be through the EOC Manager and EOC Section Chiefs to provide for the most efficient management of resources in support and coordination for the field operations under an Incident Commander.

6.6

Department/agency heads and other officials legally administering their office may perform their emergency function(s) on their own initiative if, in their judgment, the safety or welfare of the population is threatened. The Cowlitz County EOC and/or Cowlitz County Emergency Management should be notified as soon as possible.

7. Information Collection, Analysis, and Dissemination 7.1.

Information collection on public services/works services and infrastructure status will be coordinated through ESF #3 and the Cowlitz County EOC or other designated points as appropriate to the incident.

7.2.

The local Incident Commander (IC) or designee is responsible for providing situation reports and periodic updates to keep the Cowlitz County EOC informed. In the EOC, the ESF #3 Coordinator or designee shall provide situation reports to local support agencies/jurisdiction, the Policy Group (MACG), and the Washington State Emergency Management Division (WAEMD) – State Emergency Operations Center (SEOC) as appropriate.

7.3.

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ESF 3

7.4.

Some infrastructure services and information/requests (e.g., expenditures and entering into contracts) coming into the Cowlitz County EOC may require additional vetting process through the Policy Group and the EOC Manager due to legal, policy, ethical, or other concerns.

7.5.

The EOC will be responsible for collection, verification, analysis, and dissemination of the latest incident information using Situation Reports (SitRep), WebEOC, and similar channels.

8. Responsibilities Response Mission Area Core Capability

Infrastructure Systems

Critical Task I.D.

Activity / Action

Organizations(s) Name

Coordinate the provision of materials, services, and facilities in support of emergency operations.

Public Works Cowlitz County and municipalities

1, 2, 3

Coordinate and provide information regarding road closures and accessibility to and from disaster.

Public Works Cowlitz County and municipalities Law Enforcement Cowlitz Co. Emergency Management

Infrastructure Systems

1, 2

Provide coordination in the monitoring and stabilization of damaged structures and the demolition of structures designated as immediate hazards to public health and safety. Prioritize and initiate debris removal and road repair in a fashion that provides greatest benefit to aiding in life saving activities and subsequent operations that would have the greatest benefit to the community.

Public Works Cowlitz County and municipalities Cowlitz Co. Emergency Management Public Works Cowlitz County and municipalities WA Dept. of Transportation Public Works 11 | P a g e

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ESF 3 Cowlitz County and municipalities

Critical Transportation

1, 2

Critical Transportation

WA Dept. of Transportation

Determine which transportation networks within their jurisdiction are unusable and report information to the Cowlitz EOC

Public / Private Transportation

Block off streets and roads and establish detours as appropriate and directed by EOC or law enforcement agencies.

Public Works Cowlitz County and municipalities WA Dept. of Transportation Law Enforcement

Critical Transportation

Environmental Response / Health & Safety

2, 3

Obtain an assessment of the local and regional transportation network and analyze information to determine the feasibility of accessing existing supply storage locations.

Public Works Cowlitz County and municipalities

Identify, assess, and mitigate worker health and safety hazards, and disseminate health and safety guidance and resources to response and recovery workers

Cowlitz County Health & Human Services Department

Identify and assist in the management of contaminated debris (hazardous materials) in coordination with ESF #10.

WA Dept. of Transportation

Public Works Cowlitz County and municipalities Cowlitz County Fire Districts / Fire Department Washington State Patrol

Logistics & Supply Chain Management

1, 2

Obtain an initial public works needs and damage assessment through established intelligence procedures and determines the appropriate management and logistical response to meet the request for assistance.

Public Works Cowlitz County and municipalities Cowlitz Co. Emergency Management

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Mass Care Services

Operational Communications

Coordinate delivery of health resources and capabilities to meet the needs of disaster survivors, including individuals with access and functional needs.

Coordinate emergency shelters and other temporary housing options (including accessible housing) for the affected population. Ensure the communication capacity exists or is restored with both the emergency response community and the affected populations and establish interoperable voice and data communications. Re-establish sufficient communications infrastructure within the affected areas to support ongoing life-sustaining activities, provide basic human needs, and a transition to recovery.

ESF 3 Cowlitz County Health & Human Services Department Cowlitz Co. Emergency Management Cowlitz Co. Emergency Management Cowlitz Co. Emergency Management Public Works Cowlitz County and municipalities Private Industry including PUD Public Works Cowlitz County and municipalities Private Industry including PUD

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ESF 3

EMERGENCY SUPPORT FUNCTION 3: PUBLIC WORKS AND ENGINEERING

Recovery Mission Area Core Capability

Critical Task I.D.

Economic Recovery

Infrastructure Systems

1, 2

Infrastructure Systems

1, 3

Infrastructure Systems

Activity / Action

Assess the economic issues to stabilize communities and the county within a specified timeframe in the recovery plan.

Coordinate and collaborate in restoring transportation and other critical infrastructure.

Maintain logistics support through the EOC for mobilizing resources for transportation and other critical infrastructure. Coordinate a recovery plan for redeveloping transportation and other critical infrastructure.

Organizations(s) Name Cowlitz Co. Emergency Management Public Works Cowlitz County and municipalities All Primary, Coordination, and Support Organizations Public Works Cowlitz County and municipalities Cowlitz Co. Emergency Management Cowlitz Co. Emergency Management

9. Resource Requirements Resources

Providers

Desktop or laptop WebEOC login (Guest Account) Contact Master List (phone, email) Internet and drive access Home agencies’ SOPs Desk phone Two-way radio

Training

Providers

G0191 – ICS-IMT/EOC Interface ICS 100, 200, 700, 800

Cowlitz Emergency Management, WAEMD Cowlitz Emergency Management, FEMA - IS 14 | P a g e

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ESF 3

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ICS 300, 400 Position-Specific training G2300

Cowlitz Emergency Management, WAEMD Cowlitz Emergency Management, WAEMD Cowlitz Emergency Management, WAEMD

10. Reference and Supporting Plans ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪

ESF 1 (Transportation) ESF 2 (Communications) ESF 4 (Firefighting) ESF 5 (Emergency Management) ESF 6 (Mass Care, Emergency Assistance, Housing, Human Services) ESF 7 (Logistics and Resource Support) ESF 8 (Public Health and Medical Services) ESF 10 (Oil and Hazardous Materials) ESF 11 (Agricultural & Natural Resources) ESF 12 (Energy) ESF 13 (Public Safety, Law Enforcement, Security) ESF 14 (Recovery) Washington State Military Department, Emergency Management Division, Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan (CEMP), ESF 3.

11. Terms and Definitions 11.1. Whole Community – A focus on enabling the participation in national preparedness activities of a wider range of players from the private and nonprofit sectors, including nongovernmental organizations and the general public, in conjunction with the participation of all levels of government in order to foster better coordination and working relationships. (National Preparedness Goal, October 6, 2020)

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ESF 4

EMERGENCY SUPPORT FUNCTION 4: FIREFIGHTING

Firefighting Emergency Support Function (ESF) 4 Coordinating: • Cowlitz County Emergency Management Primary: • Cowlitz County Fire Districts • Longview Fire Department Support: • Cowlitz 911 Private • Ambulance Services • Law Enforcement Agencies • Cowlitz Health & Human Services / Medical Director • National Weather Service (NWS) • Southwest Clean Air Agency The following Emergency Support Functions (ESF) or Recovery Function support or coordinate with this ESF 1 (Transportation): • In the Mitigation Phase ▪ ESF 5 (Emergency Management) ▪ ESF 14 (Long-Term Recovery) ▪ ESF 15 (Public Affairs) • In the Response Phase: o Supporting: ▪ ESF 5 (Emergency Management) ▪ ESF 7 (Logistics) ▪ ESF 8 (Public Health & Medical Services) ▪ ESF 10 (Oil & Hazardous Materials) ▪ ESF 12 (Energy) ▪ ESF 13 (Public Safety, Security & Evacuation) ▪ ESF 14 (Long-Term Recovery) ▪ ESF 15 (Public Affairs) o Coordinating: ▪ ESF 5 (Emergency Management)

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ESF 4

1. Purpose 1.1

Emergency Support Function #4 – Firefighting – provides county support for the detection and suppression of fires resulting from, or occurring coincidentally with, an incident requiring a coordinated county response for assistance.

1.2

Urban commercial and residential fire incidents in the City of Longview typically can be managed by the Longview Fire Department and will not require extensive County support or involvement; however, management support and resources are available for those instances in which either is necessary. Primary Core Capability

Planning

Conduct a systematic process engaging the whole community as appropriate in the development of executable strategic, operational, and/or tactical-level approaches to meet defined objectives.

Operational Coordination

Establish and maintain a unified and coordinated operational structure and process that appropriately integrates all critical stakeholders and supports the execution of Core Capabilities.

Fire Management & Suppression

Provide structural, wildland, and specialized firefighting capabilities to manage and suppress fires of all types, kinds, and complexities while protecting the lives, property, and environment in the affected area.

Primary Core Capability Stabilize critical infrastructure functions, minimize health and safety threats, and efficiently restore and revitalize systems and services to support a viable, resilient community.

Infrastructure Systems

Logistics & Supply Chain Management

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EMERGENCY SUPPORT FUNCTION 4: FIREFIGHTING

enable the restoration of impacted supply chains. Deliver traditional and atypical search and rescue capabilities, including personnel, services, animals, and assets to survivors in need, with the goal of saving the greatest number of endangered lives in the shortest time possible.

Mass Search & Rescue

On-Scene Security, Protection, & Law Enforcement

Operational Communications

Public Health, Healthcare, & EMS

Ensure a safe and secure environment through law enforcement (including related security) and protect operations for people and communities located within affected areas and also for response personnel engaged in lifesaving and life-sustaining operations. Ensure and enable the capacity for timely communications to support security, situational awareness, and operations among affected communities in the impact area and all response forces. Provide lifesaving medical treatment via Emergency Medical Services and related operations and avoid additional disease and injury by providing targeted public health, medical, and behavioral health support and products to all affected populations. Provide all decision makers with decision-relevant information regarding the nature and extent of the hazard, any cascading effects, and the status of the response.

Situational Assessment

2. Authorities and Policies

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ESF 4

EMERGENCY SUPPORT FUNCTION 4: FIREFIGHTING

2.1. Revised Code of Washington (RCW) Chapter 43.43.961 – The Chief of the Washington State Patrol is the authority to authorize a state declared mobilization and the State Fire Marshal coordinates statewide fire service resources.

2.2 RCW Chapter 76.04, the Department of Natural Resources (DNR) has the responsibility for wildland fire suppression on more than 13 million acres of state and privately-owned forestland. The DNR, Wildland Fire Management Division, has the authority to respond to wildland fire suppression efforts, as well as the responsibility to respond to requests from other agencies for assistance for non-fire emergencies or disasters.

2.3. Local fire departments and districts also function under the applicable portions of (RCW) Chapter 38.52, RCW Chapter 70.136, Washington Administrative Code (WAC) Title 212, WAC Chapter 296-305, WAC Chapter 246-976, other State and local ordinances, and their own Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs).

3. Situation Overview 3.1. Under the best of circumstances, the management of a large firefighting operation is complex, often involving multiple agencies and local jurisdictions. Fires resulting from major emergencies and disasters will place extraordinary demands on available resources and logistics support systems.

3.2. A significant natural or technological event may result in many urban, rural, urban interface, and wildland fires. Urban fire departments not incapacitated by an earthquake or other disaster may be totally committed to fires and other emergencies in their jurisdictions. Numerous fires are anticipated in rural and wildland settings as well. These fires have the potential to spread rapidly, cause extensive damage, and pose a serious threat to life, property, and the environment. Firefighting resources that are normally available will be difficult to obtain and utilize during and after a disaster because of massive disruption of communication, transportation, utilities, and water systems.

3.3

Although the forested higher elevations across portions of Cowlitz County can pose a wildfire threat to life and property, it is the urban interface fire threat that is of concern. Infrastructure and population within the wildland urban interface communities are inherently vulnerable especially during summer and early fall.

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ESF 4

EMERGENCY SUPPORT FUNCTION 4: FIREFIGHTING

4.1.

The public fire and life safety services in Cowlitz County include the Longview Fire Department, the fire protection districts, the U.S. Forest Service, BLM, the Department of Natural Resources, and the military bases.

4.2.

Fire services within Cowlitz County are signatory to a county wide mutual aid agreement. The fire services also cooperate in a county-wide mutual aid disaster plan. Fire services are also a signatory to a Homeland Security Region 4 mutual aid agreement. This includes specialized teams for trench rescue, Haz-Mat, water rescue, high angle rope rescue, and several others. Maritime Fire & Safety Association provides ship board firefighting, communications and oil spill response.

4.3.

ESF #4 is supported by established firefighting and support organizations, processes, and procedures as listed in the Washington State Fire Services Resource Mobilization Plan (WSFSRMP). State and Federal Mobilization Guides will be used in support of firefighting activities. Responsibility for situation assessment and determination of resource needs lies primarily with local jurisdiction Incident Commanders in coordination with the State and Cowlitz County Emergency Operations Centers (EOCs), if activated. The State DNR will manage and coordinate state owned wildland firefighting activities. The WSP Fire Marshal shall serve as the state fire resources coordinator when the WSFSRMP are invoked. This will be accomplished by mobilizing firefighting resources in support of state and local jurisdiction firefighting agencies.

4.4.

Requests for firefighting assistance and resources will be coordinated through Cowlitz 911 and/or Cowlitz County Emergency Management (or the EOC, if activated).

4.5.

Whole Community Involvement 4.5.1. The Longview Fire Department and the Cowlitz County Fire Districts reach out to their whole communities in various forums, including fire code inspection programs, to educate the public regarding fire safety, injury prevention, and other safety issues. Presentations are made throughout the community on a variety of safety issues including but not limited to home and workplace fire safety, proper use of fire extinguishers, wildland urban interface fire prevention (Firewise), and juvenile fire setters. 4.5.2

The Whole Community includes populations with individuals with disabilities and Access and Functional Needs (AFN). Any agency or organization that receives federal funding is required to have a plan or policy for addressing the needs of individuals with Limited English Proficiency (LEP), pursuant to Title VI, the Civil Rights Act. The Washington State Emergency Management Division and this ESF expect all agencies and organizations to comply with federal law. For more 5 | Pa g e

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information on how each agency or organization complies with federal law, please contact the individual agency or organization. Mission Area

Critical Task I.D.

Critical Tasks Planning Develop operational plans that adequately identify critical objectives based on the planning requirement; provide a complete and integrated picture of the sequence and scope of the tasks to achieve the objectives and are implementable within the timeframe contemplated in the plan using available resources.

Response

Mission Area

Critical Task I.D.

Critical Tasks

Operational Coordination

Response

Mobilize all critical resources and establish command, control, and coordination structures within the affected community, as well as in other coordinating bodies in surrounding communities and neighboring counties and maintain as needed throughout the duration of an incident.

Mission Area

Critical Task I.D.

Critical Tasks

Fire Management & Suppression

Response

Provide traditional first response or initial attack firefighting services.

Conduct expanded or extended attack firefighting and support operations through coordinated response of fire management and specialized fire suppression resources. 6 | Pa g e

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EMERGENCY SUPPORT FUNCTION 4: FIREFIGHTING

Ensure the coordinated deployment of appropriate local and regional fire management and fire suppression resources to reinforce firefighting efforts and maintain an appropriate level of protection for subsequent fires.

Mission Area

Critical Task I.D.

Response

Mission Area

Critical Task I.D.

Critical Tasks

Logistics & Supply Chain Management

Response

Mission Area

Mobilize and deliver governmental, nongovernmental, and private sector resources to save lives, sustain lives, meet basic human needs, stabilize the incident, and transition to recovery, to include moving and delivering resources and services to meet the needs of disaster survivors.

Enhance public and private resources and services support for an affected area.

Critical Task I.D.

Critical Tasks

Mass Search and Rescue

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Conduct search and rescue operations to locate and rescue people in distress.

Initiate community-based search and rescue support operations across a wide, geographically dispersed area.

Response

Mission Area

Critical Task I.D.

Critical Tasks

On-Scene Security, Protection, and Law Enforcement Establish a safe and secure environment in an affected area.

Provide and maintain on-scene security and meet the protection needs of the affected population over a geographically dispersed area while eliminating or mitigating the risk of further damage to people, property, and the environment

Response 2

Mission Area

Critical Task I.D.

Critical Tasks

Operational Communications Ensure the capacity to communicate with both the emergency response community and the affected populations and establish interoperable voice and data communications.

Response

Mission Area

Critical Task I.D.

Critical Tasks

Public Health, Healthcare, and EMS Response

Complete triage and initial stabilization of casualties and begin definitive care for those likely to survive their injuries and illnesses.

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EMERGENCY SUPPORT FUNCTION 4: FIREFIGHTING

Mission Area

Critical Task I.D.

Critical Tasks Situational Assessment

Response

Delivering information sufficient to inform decision making regarding immediate lifesaving and life-sustaining activities, and engage governmental, private, and civic sector resources within and outside of the affected area to meet basic human needs and stabilize the incident. Deliver enhanced information to reinforce ongoing lifesaving and life-sustaining activities, and engage governmental, private, and civic sector resources within and outside of the affected area to meet basic human needs, stabilize the incident, and transition to recovery.

5. Organization 5.1.

Each Fire District’s Chief or the Longview Fire Chief are the lead representatives for emergency planning with the fire services in the development of this Emergency Support Function.

5.2.

The ESF #4 position is staffed by a Fire Department/District representative. Personnel assigned to this position are recommended by the local jurisdiction or fire district. The ESF #4 position, when activated, operates in the Cowlitz County EOC and is a member of the Operations Coordination Section reporting to the Operations Coordination Section Chief. This position is the link to the fire service operating in the field.

5.3.

The Cowlitz County EOC, emergency management staff and mutual aid coordinators locate and mobilize resources requested by local government. Emergency management staff and mutual aid coordinators generally operate from normal departmental locations to manage limited resource requests when the Cowlitz County EOC is not activated. Emergency management staff and mutual aid coordinators will communicate with each other as needed to coordinate resource mobilization. If requested by the affected local jurisdiction, emergency management

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staff will activate the Cowlitz County EOC, assess the situation and report information to the Washington State EMD (WEMD)/State EOC (SEOC).

5.4.

The ESF #4 position provides subject-matter expertise to other EOC positions. Based on potential need, this ESF may operate on a 24-hour basis. Supporting agencies have representatives available at the county EOC, or by telephone or email on a 24-hour basis while ESF #4 is operational.

6. Direction, Control, and Coordination 6.1.

ESF #4 is organized in accordance with the National Response Framework (NRF).

6.2.

Horizontal Integration – This annex is concerned with the Response Mission Area. It is an interagency plan that provides direction to county government entities concerned with responding to fire-related issues following a disaster. 6.2.1. The emergency management staff and mutual aid coordinators mobilize available resources within the Cowlitz County operational area, request additional resources through the State EOC, and provide overall situation information to local jurisdictions.

6.3.

Vertical Integration - This ESF Annex should integrate vertically into regional, State, and federal response plans, as well as city/town plans at the local level. It may be common for relevant federal, state, and local plans to be similarly titled around ESF #4; however, this annex should remain flexible to coordinate with other plans or bodies that align with the Core Capabilities and Critical Tasks listed in this annex. 6.3.1. Integration with local response plans infers that local jurisdictions develop and maintain fire-related response plans to assist with response integration efforts. 6.3.2. Integration with State and Federal Response plans refers to Appendix 9 to Annex C of the Response Federal Interagency Operational Plan (FIOP), and the Washington State Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan.

7. Information Collection, Analysis, and Dissemination 7.1.

Information collection regarding firefighting services status will be coordinated through ESF #4 and the Cowlitz County EOC or other designated point of contact as appropriate to the incident.

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ESF 4

7.2.

The local Incident Commander (IC) or designee is responsible for providing situation reports and periodic updates to keep the EOC informed. The EOC or a designee shall provide situation reports to local support agencies/jurisdictions and the Washington State Emergency Management Division (WAEMD) – State Emergency Operations Center (SEOC) as appropriate.

7.3.

Representatives of jurisdictions, agencies, the private-sector, non-governmental organizations, and volunteer organizations in the EOC will assist with meeting the information collection, verification, analysis, and dissemination needs/methods of the JIC, EOC, and the Policy Group. This will include maintaining contact with other local PIOs for reports and updates.

7.4.

Some incoming firefighting services information/requests into the EOC may require a vetting process through the Policy Group and/or the EOC Manager due to legal, policy, ethical, or other concerns.

7.5.

The EOC will be responsible for collection, verification, analysis, and dissemination of the latest incident information using Situation Reports (SitRep), WebEOC, and similar channels.

8. Responsibilities Response Mission Area Core Capability

Critical Task I.D.

Activity / Action Function as lead agencies in the provision of fire suppression and control, and immediate life safety services within their respective fire jurisdictions and support other fire protection agencies if they are signatories to a mutual aid agreement.

Organizations(s) Name

Primary Organization Fire Services

Planning

Operational Coordination

Cross-reach to the dispatch centers to determine if an EOC needs to be established.

Primary Organization Fire Services

Fire Management & Suppression

Provides technical assistance and advice in the event of fires involving hazardous materials.

Primary Organization Fire Services

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Fire Management & Suppression

2, 3

Provides resources to support firefighting capabilities as requested under the terms of existing agreements.

Primary Organization Fire Services

Fire Management & Suppression

May request Fire Management Assistance Grant (FMAG) declaration from the USFS FMAG Representative.

Cowlitz Co. Emergency Management

Infrastructure Systems

Decrease and stabilize immediate infrastructure threats to the affected population.

Fire Services

Coordinate resource needs, and determines and resolves, as necessary, issues regarding resource shortages and resource ordering issues. Shortages of critical resources are adjudicated at the lowest jurisdictional level. If needed, resolution would begin at the municipal ECC, then progress to the county EOC.

Law Enforcement

Logistics & Supply Chain Management

1, 2

Mass Search and Rescue

1, 2

Support rescue operations as needed.

On-scene Security, Protection & Law Enforcement

1, 2

Assist in route, traffic, and crowd control.

Law Enforcement

Assist with evacuation of affected citizens, especially those who are institutionalized, immobilized, or injured.

Law Enforcement

On-scene Security, Protection & Law Enforcement On-scene Security, Protection & Law Enforcement Operational Communications

Assist with route alerts for the public.

Cowlitz 911

Cowlitz Co. Sheriff - SAR

VOADs Cowlitz Co. Emergency Management Cowlitz 911

Establish communication links with support agencies and field fire units.

Primary Organization Fire Services Cowlitz 911

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Operational Communications

Maintains 24-hour alert and warning system.

Cowlitz Co. Emergency Management

Operational Communications

Obtain and distribute, through appropriate channels, incident contact information to emergency responders mobilized through ESF #4.

Primary Organization Fire Services Fire Services

Public Health, Healthcare, & EMS

Situational Assessment

1, 2

Provide lifesaving medical treatment

Cowlitz Co. Medical Director Ambulance Services

Obtain an initial fire situation and damage assessment through established intelligence procedures and determine the appropriate management response to meet the request for assistance.

Primary Organization Fire Services

Provides fire/weather forecasting as needed from National Weather Service (NWS), including spot weather forecasts.

National Weather Service (NWS)

Provides forecasts on the dispersion of smoke in support of planning and response activities.

1, 2

National Weather Service (NWS) Southwest Clean Air Agency

9. Resource Requirements Resources

Providers

Desktop or laptop WebEOC login (Guest Account) Contact Master List (phone, email) Internet and drive access Home agencies’ SOPs Desk phone Two-way radio

Training

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G0191 – ICS-IMT/EOC Interface ICS 100, 200, 700, 800 ICS 300, 400 Position-Specific training G2300

Cowlitz Emergency Management, WAEMD Cowlitz Emergency Management, FEMA - IS Cowlitz Emergency Management, WAEMD Cowlitz Emergency Management, WAEMD Cowlitz Emergency Management, WAEMD

10. Reference and Supporting Plans ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪

ESF 2 (Communications) ESF 3 (Public Works and Engineering) ESF 5 (Emergency Management) ESF 7 Logistics and Resource Support) ESF 8 (Public Health and Medical Services) ESF 9 (Search and Rescue) ESF 13 (Public Safety, Law Enforcement, Security) ESF 15 (Public Affairs) Washington State Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan, ESF #4 - Firefighting

11. Terms and Definitions 11.1 National Response Framework (NRF) – The National Response Framework is a guide to how the Nation responds to all types of disasters and emergencies. It is built on scalable, flexible, and adaptable concepts identified in the National Incident Management System to align key roles and responsibilities across the Nation.

11.2. Response Federal Interagency Operational Plan (FIOP) – This FIOP describes how the Federal Government delivers core capabilities for the Response mission area.

11.3. Volunteer Organizations Active in Disaster (VOAD) – These organizations respond to disasters as part of their overall mission.

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ESF 5

EMERGENCY SUPPORT FUNCTION 5: EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT / INFORMATION AND PLANNING

Emergency Management / Information And Planning Emergency Support Function (ESF) 5 Coordinating: • Cowlitz County Emergency Management Primary: • Cowlitz County Emergency Management Support: • All Primary EFSs • Cowlitz 911 • Law Enforcement • Public Works • Public Health • Elected Officials (aka Policy Group, MACG) • Fire Service • Washington State Patrol • Washington Ecology • Emergency Medical Services • Cowlitz County Coroner • Human Society of Southwest Washington • Cowlitz-Wahkiakum Council of Government The following Emergency Support Functions (ESF) or Recovery Functions support or coordinate with this ESF 5 (Emergency Management / Information and Planning)): • In the Prevention Phase: o ESF 13 (Public Safety, Security & Evacuation) • In the Mitigation Phase: o ESF 14 (Long-Term Recovery) o ESF 15 (Public Affairs) • In the Response Phase: o Supporting: ▪ ESF 2 (Communications) ▪ ESF 3 (Public Works & Engineering) 1 | Pa g e (033026)

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EMERGENCY SUPPORT FUNCTION 5: EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT / INFORMATION AND PLANNING

•

ESF 5

▪ ESF 4 (Firefighting) ▪ ESF 6 (Mass Care) ▪ ESF 7 Logistics) ▪ ESF 8 (Public Health & Medical Services) ▪ ESF 10 (Oil & Hazardous Materials) ▪ ESF 11 (Agriculture and Natural Resources) ▪ ESF 12 (Energy) ▪ ESF 13 (Public Safety, Security & Evacuation) ▪ ESF 14 (Long-Term Recovery) In the Recovery Phase: o Supporting: ▪ ESF 11 (Agriculture and Natural Resources) ▪ ESF 13 (Public Safety, Security & Evacuation) ▪ ESF 14 (Long-Term Recovery) ▪ ESF 15 (Public Affairs)

1. Purpose 1.1 Emergency Support Function #5 – Emergency Management coordinates the effort to collect, assemble, analyze, and disseminate information about an incident, disaster, critical event, and the necessary response and recovery operations, particularly to facilitate the provision of disaster assistance. Primary Core Capability Shared Response and Recovery Mission Area Conduct a systematic process engaging the whole community as appropriate in the development of executable strategic, operational, and/or tactical-level approaches to meet defined objectives.

Planning

Public Information & Warning

Deliver coordinated, prompt, reliable, and actionable information to the whole community using clear, consistent, accessible, and culturally and linguistically appropriate methods to effectively relay information regarding any threat or hazard and, as appropriate, the actions needing to be taken, and the assistance being made available.

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ESF 5

Establish and maintain a unified and coordinated operational structure and process that appropriately integrates all critical stakeholders and supports the execution of Core Capabilities.

Operational Coordination

Primary Core Capability Response Mission Area

Logistics & Supply Chain Management

Situational Assessment

Primary Core Capability Recovery Mission Area Implement housing solutions that effectively support the needs of the whole community and contribute to its sustainability and resilience.

Housing

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ESF 5

EMERGENCY SUPPORT FUNCTION 5: EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT / INFORMATION AND PLANNING

Support Core Capability Response Mission Area On-scene Security, Protection, & Law Ensure a safe and secure environment Enforcement through law enforcement and related security and protection operations for people and communities located within affected areas and for response personnel engaged in lifesaving and lifesustaining operations. Recovery Mission Area

Natural and Cultural Resources

Protect natural and cultural resources and historic properties through appropriate planning, mitigation, response, and recovery actions to preserve, conserve, rehabilitate, and restore them consistent with postdisaster community priorities and best practices and in compliance with applicable environmental and historic preservation laws and Executive orders.

2. Authorities / Policies 2.1. The authority for the Direction and Control concepts and procedures as outlined in the Plan is derived from Revised Code of Washington (RCW) 38.52 and other applicable state statutes and regulations.

2.2 A local declaration of emergency is made by the legislative heads of the involved governments in accordance with RCW 36.40.180 for counties and RCW 35.33.081 for cities if an emergency or disaster is beyond the normal capabilities of local government.

2.3. The elected executive officials, department heads, and other key officials may operate as a Policy Group (MACG) from the Cowlitz County Emergency Operations Center (EOC) or another designated location during emergency or disaster situations. Information regarding the situation will be coordinated at the EOC and communicated to the elected and/or senior government officials for them to make the policy decisions.

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ESF 5

EMERGENCY SUPPORT FUNCTION 5: EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT / INFORMATION AND PLANNING

2.4. All emergency operations in Cowlitz County will be conducted utilizing the accepted concepts and principals of the Incident Command System (ICS) to assure functional and cooperative management of emergency operations.

2.5. Cowlitz County Emergency Management coordinates local capabilities and resources needed to alleviate or lessen the impact of a disaster or emergency. When the situation is determined to be beyond the capabilities of local government, Cowlitz County Emergency Management also provides the necessary liaison for state and federal assistance.

3. Situation Overview 3.1. An on-call Cowlitz County Emergency Management Duty Officer will be available 24/7 to provide emergency management support to city jurisdictions, county departments and agencies, and Cowlitz 911.

3.2. Urgent response requirements during an emergency or disaster, or the threat of one, and to plan for continuing response and recovery activities, necessitates the immediate and continued collection, processing, and dissemination of situational information. ESF #5 will rely on local reports and damage assessments as well as information from other ESFs to develop a countywide summary of events, damages, and response operations.

4. Concept of Operations 4.1.

Prior to activation of the EOC the Duty Officer will provide emergency management support to city jurisdictions, county agencies, and/or Cowlitz 911. In the initial phases of an incident the Duty Officer will provide situational awareness and will coordinate with the Emergency Management Director for the decision to escalate the EOC activation process.

4.2.

ESF #5 manages and coordinates emergency management activities. This function is accomplished by mobilizing resources and providing support and coordination for operation during large incidents or events.

4.3.

Data and information will be obtained continually from Cowlitz County departments and agencies, other ESFs, and municipalities, and the findings will be summarized in situation reports that discuss the event/incident, the damages, and operations in order to provide situational awareness and a common operating picture.

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EMERGENCY SUPPORT FUNCTION 5: EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT / INFORMATION AND PLANNING

4.4.

Cowlitz County Emergency Operations Center (EOC) Levels of Activation:

Level 3 (Monitor/Stand-By)

Level 2 (Partial Operations)

• Conditions are forecast which may pose a potential threat to life, property, or the environment, but the Cowlitz County EOC (EOC) is at a normal monitoring situation. The responsibility for control of the incident rests with the responding jurisdiction / department. • Cowlitz County Emergency Management staff conduct enhanced monitoring of a potential incident which may require extended working hours. Elected officials from the appropriate jurisdictions and EOC staff may be notified of the current status of the incident. • Some EOC staff augmentation and commitment of standard local resources may be required. • A limited department/emergency response team activation. The EOC will be staffed by key staff and selected county-wide personnel. The EOC may require 24-hour-a-day staffing. Contact is made with the impacted local jurisdictions. • This level 2 represents conditions when a significant threat to life, property, or the environment exists; or minor damage is imminent or occurring. • Extended working hours, including weekends, are probable. Selected EOC staff are present on at least a part-time basis; other primary staff and secondshift personnel will remain on standby. • Liaisons from required agencies may be providing support in the EOC. A disaster declaration may be issued. • Standard local resources are engaged. Mutual aid, state, or federal agencies are contacted and advised that their assistance may be required. 6 | Pa g e

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ESF 5

• This Level 1 activation represents full activation of the EOC when conditions exist of such a magnitude as to pose an extreme threat to life, property, or the environment; or widespread damage is imminent or is occurring. • All primary and second shift EOC staff are present in the EOC as scheduled. • Applicable Liaison positions are activated. A disaster declaration will be declared. • Local resources are fully engaged. Assistance from mutual aid, state or federal agencies will, almost certainly, be required. • This level of activation will most likely be maintained into the recovery phase until the disaster is downgraded back to Level I or II.

Level 1 (Full Operations)

4.5. Whole Community Involvement 4.5.1. Cowlitz County Emergency Management (CCEM) physically and electronically including social media - distributes outreach material on evacuation levels and preparing oneself and families for emergencies. CCEM has been actively identifying ways to better communicate and plan with the Access and Function Needs (AFN) and homeless populations. Jurisdictional fire departments reach out to their whole communities in various forums, including but not limited to fire code inspection programs to educate the public regarding fire safety, injury prevention, and other safety issues. Presentations are made throughout the community on a variety of safety issues including home and workplace fire safety, proper use of fire extinguishers, wildland urban interface fire prevention (Firewise), and juvenile fire setters. Jurisdictional law enforcement departments reach out to their entire communities through community policing, including home, personal property, and personal safety tips/checklists. The community policing philosophy focuses on citizen involvement as an integral part of the solution to crime problems. The Sheriff’s Office and Police Departments across the county are adopting this philosophy in one form or another and beginning to work hand in hand with individuals, National Night Out, block watch organizations, crime stoppers, and other events. 7 | Pa g e (033026)

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4.5.2. The Whole Community includes populations with individuals with disabilities and Access and Functional Needs (AFN). Any agency or organization that receives federal funding is required to have a plan or policy for addressing the needs of individuals with Limited English Proficiency (LEP), pursuant to Title VI, the Civil Rights Act. The Washington State Emergency Management Division and this ESF expect all agencies and organizations to comply with federal law. For more information on how each agency or organization complies with federal law, please contact the individual agency or organization.

4.6.

Critical Tasks

Mission Area

Critical Task I.D.

Critical Tasks Planning

Response

Develop operational plans that adequately identify critical objectives based on the planning requirement, provide a complete and integrated picture of the sequence and scope of the tasks to achieve the objectives, and are implementable within the timeframe contemplated in the plan using available resources.

Convene the core of an inclusive planning team (identified pre-disaster), which will oversee disaster recovery planning.

Recovery 2

Complete an initial recovery plan that provides an overall strategy and timeline, addresses all core capabilities, and integrates socioeconomic, demographic, accessibility, technology, and risk assessment considerations (including projected climate change impacts), which will be implemented in accordance with the timeline contained in the plan.

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Mission Area

Critical Task I.D.

ESF 5

Critical Tasks

Public Information & Warning

1 Response 2

1 Recovery

Inform all affected segments of society of critical lifesaving and life-sustaining information, including accessible tools, to expedite the delivery of emergency services and aid the public to take protective actions Deliver credible and actionable messages to inform ongoing emergency services and the public about protective measures and other life-sustaining actions and facilitate the transition to recovery. Reach all populations within the community with effective actionable recovery-related public information messaging and communications that are accessible to people with disabilities and people with limited English proficiency; protect the health and safety of the affected population; help manage expectations; and ensure stakeholders have a clear understanding of available assistance and their roles and responsibilities. Support affected populations and stakeholders with a system that provides appropriate, current information about any continued assistance, steady state resources for long-term impacts, and monitoring programs in an effective and accessible manner.

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EMERGENCY SUPPORT FUNCTION 5: EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT / INFORMATION AND PLANNING

Mission Area

Critical Task I.D.

ESF 5

Critical Tasks

Operational Coordination

1 Response

1 Recovery

Mobilize all critical resources and establish command, control, and coordination structures within the affected community, in other coordinating bodies in surrounding communities and neighboring counties and maintain as needed throughout the duration of an incident. Enhance and maintain command, control, and coordination structures consistent with the National Incident Management System (NIMS) to meet basic human needs, stabilize the incident, and transition to recovery. Establish tiered, integrated leadership and inclusive coordinating organizations that operate with a unity of effort and are supported by sufficient assessment and analysis to provide defined structure and decision-making processes for recovery activities. Define the path and timeline for recovery leadership to achieve the jurisdiction’s objectives that effectively coordinates and uses appropriate local, state, and Federal assistance, as well as nongovernmental and private sector resources. This plan is to be implemented within the established timeline.

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ESF 5

EMERGENCY SUPPORT FUNCTION 5: EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT / INFORMATION AND PLANNING

Mission Area

Critical Task I.D.

Critical Tasks

Logistics & Supply Chain Management

Enhance public and private resources and services support for an affected area.

Response

Mission Area

Critical Task I.D.

Critical Tasks

On-scene Security, Protection, & Law Enforcement Establish a safe and secure environment in an affected area.

Provide and maintain on-scene security and meet the protection needs of the affected population over a geographically dispersed area while eliminating and/or mitigating the risk of further damage to persons, property, and the environment.

Response 2

Mission Area

Critical Task I.D.

Critical Tasks Situational Assessment

1 Response

Delivering actionable information to enable decision making regarding immediate lifesaving and life-sustaining activities, and engage governmental, private, and civic sector resources within and outside of the affected area to meet basic human needs and stabilize the incident. 11 | P a g e

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Delivering enhanced information to reinforce ongoing lifesaving and life-sustaining activities, and engage governmental, private, and civic sector resources within and outside of the affected area to meet basic human needs, stabilize the incident, and transition to recovery.

Mission Area

ESF 5

Critical Task I.D.

Critical Tasks Housing Assess preliminary housing impacts and needs, identify currently available options for temporary housing, and plan for permanent housing.

Recovery

Ensure community housing recovery plans continue to address interim housing needs, assess options for permanent housing, and define a timeline for achieving a resilient, accessible, and sustainable housing market.

Establish a resilient and sustainable housing market that meets the needs of the community, including the need for accessible housing within the specified timeframe in the recovery plan.

Mission Area

Critical Task I.D.

Critical Tasks

Natural and Cultural Resources Response

Implement measures to protect and stabilize records and culturally significant documents, objects, and structures.

Complete an assessment of affected natural and cultural resources and develop a timeline for addressing these impacts in a sustainable and resilient manner. 12 | P a g e

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ESF 5

EMERGENCY SUPPORT FUNCTION 5: EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT / INFORMATION AND PLANNING

Preserve natural and cultural resources as part of an overall community recovery that is achieved through the coordinated efforts of natural and cultural resource experts and the recovery team in accordance with the specified timeline in the recovery plan.

2 Recovery

5. Organization 5.1.

Cowlitz County Emergency Management is the primary agency for the coordination, collection, and dissemination of information during EOC activations. An on-call Duty Officer will be available to provide emergency management support to the county departments/agencies, the five cities, the Policy Group (MACG), and Cowlitz 911 prior to activation of the EOC.

5.2.

The Cowlitz County EOC is organized under the basic concepts of the National Incident Management System’s (NIMS) Incident Command System (ICS).

5.3.

The ESF #5 position is staffed by Cowlitz County Emergency Management. personnel as designated by the Director of Emergency Services. The ESF #5 position, when activated, operates within the Cowlitz County EOC and is a member of the Planning Section reporting to the Planning Section Chief, or is the Planning Section Chief reporting to the EOC Manager.

5.4.

The ESF #5 position provides subject-matter expertise to other EOC positions. Based on potential need, this ESF may operate on a 24-hour basis. Supporting agencies have representatives available at the county EOC or by telephone, text, or email on a 24-hour basis while ESF #5 is operational.

6. Direction, Control, and Coordination 6.1.

General 6.1.1. The Chief Elected Official (CEO) or designee of the local government where the emergency occurs will exercise direction and control activities within that jurisdiction. The CEO will coordinate with Cowlitz County Emergency Management which is responsible for implementing the CEMP. Each jurisdiction shall establish Standard Operating Guidelines (SOGs) to control 13 | P a g e

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ESF 5

and direct response actions. In cases where local resources responding to an emergency do not exist or have been depleted, the affected CEO or designee, in coordination with Cowlitz County Emergency Management, should request county assistance first and then followed by state aid through the county and/or state EOCs, respectively. 6.1.2. If the needed response exceeds these local capabilities, the CEO or legislative head(s) of the local jurisdiction may declare a local “State of Emergency” to expedite access to resources needed to cope with the incident in accordance with RCW 35.33.081 for cities/towns and RCW 36.40.180 for the county. 6.1.3. A county declaration may be prepared by Cowlitz County Emergency Management but must be approved and signed by the County Board of Commissioners as a resolution. This declaration is a prerequisite for state and federal assistance. 6.1.4. The elected executive officials, department heads, and other key officials may operate as a Policy Group (MACG) from the Cowlitz County Emergency Operations Center (EOC) during emergency or disaster situations. Information regarding the situation will be coordinated at the EOC and the elected and/or senior government officials will make the policy decisions. 6.1.5. Cowlitz County Emergency Management is responsible for the proper functioning of the Cowlitz County Emergency Operations Center (EOC) during emergency operations. Cowlitz County Emergency Management also acts as a liaison with state and federal emergency agencies, and neighboring counties. 6.1.6. The EOC is the central point for coordinating emergency response and recovery actions. The purpose of this central point is to ensure harmonious response when the emergency involves more than one political entity and several response agencies. Coordination of services will be through the EOC Manager and Section Chiefs to provide for the most efficient management of resources. 6.1.7. Specific individuals and agencies are responsible for fulfilling their obligations as presented in the Basic Plan and Emergency Support Function Annexes. Department/agency heads will retain control over their employees and equipment. Each department/agency shall develop Standard Operating Guidelines (SOGs) to be followed during response operations. 14 | P a g e (033026)

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6.1.8. Department/agency heads and other officials legally administering their office may perform their emergency function(s) on their own initiative if, in their judgment, the safety or welfare of the population are threatened. The EOC and/or Cowlitz County Emergency Management should be notified as soon as possible.

6.2.

Local Governments 6.2.1

6.3.

The response organization of a local government is the responsibility of the Chief Elected Official (CEO) or designee. It consists of all agencies and resources of that local government and applicable volunteer and private resources. The CEO or designee may, by emergency proclamation, use the jurisdiction’s resources and employees as necessary, and alter functions of departments and personnel, as necessary. If “outside” resources are needed, the request should be through Cowlitz County Emergency Management or Y Cowlitz County EOC. Resources thus made available to the local government will be under the operational control of the CEO or designee or most likely through the Incident Commander. When the resource mission is completed, the Cowlitz County EOC and/or Cowlitz County Emergency Management will be notified, and the resource returned for other assignments.

Cowlitz County Emergency Management 6.3.1. Cowlitz County Emergency Management is responsible for the coordination of emergency management system activities within Cowlitz County. 6.3.2. Cowlitz County Emergency Management is responsible for the preparation for and coordination of emergency function execution to prevent/mitigate, prepare for, respond to, and recover from emergencies/disasters. 6.3.3. All local government organizations/agencies are part of the emergency management system as outlined in this plan. This plan will be utilized to guide response to emergencies/disasters or the imminent threat.

6.4.

Cowlitz County Emergency Operations Center (EOC) 6.4.1. Although the field incident command system is an outstanding way of managing manpower, resources, and logistics on scene at an emergency or disaster incident, the on-scene Incident Commander is not meant to handle all coordination and support aspects of a disaster or emergency. Anytime a 15 | P a g e

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disaster or emergency requires multiple agencies or departments or goes beyond the capability of a single jurisdiction the activation and use of the Cowlitz County EOC shall be considered. 6.4.2. The EOC is an essential tool for successful response and recovery operations. Personnel and resources can be used more efficiently with decision/policy making are located in close proximity. Coordination of activities will ensure that all tasks are accomplished, minimizing duplication of efforts. 6.4.3. The EOC is the place for the coordination of community-wide policies, decisions, media relations (i.e., implementing the Joint Information System), manpower and resource procurement. This is especially important when the damage or disaster occurs across several locations involving multiple jurisdictions, where several field command posts may be established and when the sociological, political, and media impacts will be great. Coordination of activities will ensure that all tasks are accomplished, minimizing duplication of efforts. 6.4.4. Depending upon the severity and magnitude of the disaster, activation of the EOC may not be necessary, may only be partially required, or may require full activation. Partial activation would be dictated by the characteristics of the disaster and would involve only those staffed EOC positions needing to interact in providing support and a coordinated response. Plans are in place to in the event that the operations will be for multiple operations periods over several days. 6.4.5. Due to the nature of the emergencies we anticipate spontaneous volunteers. Personnel will be assigned to manage these resources. Just in time training will be used to train volunteers.

7. Information Collection, Analysis, and Dissemination 7.1.

Information will be coordinated from the Cowlitz County EOC or other designated points as appropriate to the incident.

7.2.

Information will be used for planning purposes and to inform all agencies involved of the situation and actions.

7.3.

The local Incident Commander (IC) or designee is responsible for providing situation reports and periodic updates to keep the EOC informed. 16 | P a g e

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7.4.

Agency representatives from jurisdictions, agencies, and volunteer organizations within the EOC will assist with information collection, verification, analysis, and dissemination to the EOC staff, Emergency Management, and the Policy Group (MACG). This will include maintaining contact with their field representatives for reports and updates. Additionally, the EOC may need to request information from other local jurisdictions or agencies, as well as other governmental entities.

7.5.

The Planning Section within the EOC is responsible for the management of the information received in the EOC. This section will be responsible for collection, verification, analysis, and dissemination of the latest intelligence/information to enhance situational awareness and common operating picture for the Policy Group (MACG), State, and assisting and coordinating agencies.

7.6.

Individual jurisdiction and/or agency representatives within the EOC will share information they receive from field representatives by posting on boards, making announcements, routing messages to other EOC staff, preparing periodic situation reports, and/or other means, as necessary.

7.7.

Incoming information/requests should be verified for authenticity and requests to be assured not be duplicated.

7.8.

Some incoming information/requests may require a vetting process through the Policy Group (MACG) and/or the EOC Manager due to legal, policy, ethical, or other concerns.

7.9.

The EOC, Cowlitz County Emergency Management, or a designee, shall provide situation reports to the Policy Group (MACG), local support agencies/jurisdictions, and the Washington State Emergency Management Division (WAEMD) – State Emergency Operations Center (SEOC) as appropriate.

8. Responsibilities Response Mission Area Core Capability

Critical Task I.D.

Activity / Action

Organizations(s) Name

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Planning

Public Information & Warning

Public Information & Warning Operational Coordination Operational Coordination

Operational Coordination

Coordinate/develop Incident Action Plans for direct communication between responders, Incident Commander(s) (IC), EOC, and/or offscene agencies which possess a response role.

Primary Organization Emergency Management

Inform all affected segments of society of critical lifesaving and life-sustaining information - using all means necessary - to expedite the delivery of emergency services and aid the public to take protective actions.

Cowlitz 911

Collect, evaluate, and provide information updates about the incident to all affected population sectors. Obtain emergency management needs and damage assessment through established intelligence procedures and determine the appropriate management response to meet the request for assistance.

Emergency Management Emergency Management Mayors & County Commissioners Emergency Management

Ensure that situation reports are prepared and distributed according to the determined time frame.

Emergency Management

Coordinate public information through ESF #15 (Public Affairs).

Emergency Management

Coordinate and/or support the collection of information from jurisdiction/field representatives and share information with the Planning Section coordinator and/or other EOC staff as appropriate.

All Organizations & Agencies

Maintain close coordination with local ECCs/EOCs and support agencies and coordinate with appropriate state and/or federal agencies.

Emergency Management

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Operational Coordination Logistics & Supply Chain Management Logistics & Supply Chain Management On-scene Security, Protection, & Law Enforcement

The EOC is organized under the basic concepts of NIMS and ICS.

Analyze and verify each request before procuring redundant people and other resources to incident.

Reach out to surrounding jurisdictions, counties, and the State EOC to supplement any locally exhausted resources or capabilities. Ensure continuity of EOC facility operations by determining any incident hazards and mitigate possible impact on physical EOC location and the ability to staff the EOC.

All Organizations & Agencies Emergency Management Emergency Management Emergency Management Cowlitz County Public Works

On-scene Security, Protection, & Law Enforcement

1, 2

Executive heads of all agencies / organizations and departments of the county and the cities are to assure continuity of leadership and operation in the event they are not available during any emergency.

Situational Assessment

Consolidate and handle damage information received from political subdivisions.

Emergency Management

Situational Assessment

Maintain a complete log of actions taken, resource orders, records, and reports.

All Organizations & Agencies

1, 2

Obtain, maintain, and provide incident situation and damage assessment information through established procedures.

Emergency Management

Situational Assessment

Emergency Management Mayors & County Commissioners

Recovery Mission Area Core Capability

Critical Task I.D.

Activity / Action

Organizations(s) Name

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Planning Public Information & Warning

Operational Coordination

1, 2

Operational Coordination

Housing

ESF 5

Assist ESF #14 (Long Term Recovery) with any support that is required.

Emergency Management

Continue outreach to all populations within the community with effective actionable recovery related public information messaging and communications.

Emergency Management

Continue to coordinate damage assessment for affected communities.

Establish tiered, integrated leadership and inclusive coordinating with jurisdictions and the County to provide defined structure and decision-making processes for recovery activities. Coordinate with the local and county officials on short-term and long-term recovery operations and recovery planning. Manage any ongoing shelter operations.

Mayors & County Commissioners Emergency Management Mayors & County Commissioners Emergency Management Mayors & County Commissioners Emergency Management Emergency Management Red Cross

1, 2, 3

Coordinate with VOADs and local and county officials on short-term and longterm housing recovery operations and recovery planning. Assist ESF #14 (Long Term Recovery).

Natural and Cultural Resources

Local and county organizations/agencies should implement continuity of operations addressing measures to protect and stabilize records and culturally significant documents, objects, and structures.

Primary & Support Agencies / Organizations

Natural and Cultural Resources

3, 4

Complete an assessment of affected natural and cultural resources and preserve them as part of overall community recovery.

Primary & Support Agencies / Organizations

Housing

Emergency Management Cowlitz Co. Health & Human Services

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Resources

Providers

Desktop or laptop WebEOC login (Guest Account) Contact Master List (phone, email) Internet and drive access Home agencies’ SOPs Desk phone Two-way radio

Training

Providers

G0191 – ICS-IMT/EOC Interface ICS 100, 200, 700, 800 ICS 300, 400 Position-Specific training G2300

Cowlitz Emergency Management, WAEMD Cowlitz Emergency Management, FEMA - IS Cowlitz Emergency Management, WAEMD Cowlitz Emergency Management, WAEMD Cowlitz Emergency Management, WAEMD

10. Reference and Supporting Plans ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪

ESF 2 (Communications) ESF 4 (Firefighting) ESF 6 (Mass Care, Emergency Assistance, Housing, Human Services) ESF 7 (Logistics and Resource Support) ESF 8 (Public Health and Medical Services) ESF 11 (Agricultural and Natural Resources) ESF 12 (Energy) ESF 13 (Public Safety, Law Enforcement, Security) ESF 15 (Public Affairs) Washington State Military Department, Emergency Management Division, Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan (CEMP), ESF 5.

11. Terms and Definitions

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11.1. Incident Management Team (IMT) - Provides on-scene incident management support during incidents or events that exceed a jurisdiction's or agency’s capability or capacity.

11.2. WebEOC – Web-based software that is designed to bring real-time crisis information management to local or state Emergency Coordination/Operation Centers. It provides secure, real-time access to details of operations in the local jurisdiction, neighboring jurisdictions, including regional, state, and national data vital to the efficient management of any contingency (e.g., weather trends, satellite images, mapping information, and local, regional or national resource status).

11.3. Cowlitz County Emergency Operations Center (EOC) – Central coordination point for county-wide multi-jurisdiction disaster support. Located in the basement of the Hall of Justice, 312 SW 1st Avenue, Kelso, WA 98626

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Mass Care, Emergency Assistance, Housing, Human Services Emergency Support Function (ESF) 6 Coordinating: • Cowlitz County Emergency Management Primary: • Cowlitz County Department of Health & Human Services (DHHS) • Humane Society for Southwest Washington Support: • American Red Cross (ARC) • Ground Transportation – Public and Private • School Districts – Public and Private • Cowlitz County Event Center & Fairgrounds • Long-term Care Facilities • Cowlitz County Coroner’s Office • Cowlitz-Wahkiakum Council of Governments The following Emergency Support Functions (ESF) or Recovery Functions support or coordinate with this ESF 6 (Mass Care, Emergency Assistance, Housing, Human Services): • In the Response Phase: o Supporting: ▪ ESF 1 (Transportation) ▪ ESF 3 (Public Works & Engineering) ▪ ESF 7 Logistics) ▪ ESF 8 (Public Health & Medical Services) ▪ ESF 11 (Agriculture & Natural Resources) ▪ ESF 14 (Long-Term Recovery) ▪ ESF 15 (Public Affairs) o Coordinating: ▪ ESF 5 (Emergency Management) • In the Recovery Phase: o Supporting: ▪ ESF 8 (Public Health & Medical Services) 1 | Pa g e (033026)

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ESF 6

▪ ESF 11 (Agriculture & Natural Resources) ▪ ESF 14 (Long-Term Recovery) o Coordinating: ▪ ESF 5 (Information & Planning)

1. Purpose 1.1 Emergency Support Function #6 – Mass Care, Emergency Assistance, Housing & Human Services coordinates the delivery of services to meet the basic needs of displaced populations including mass care, emergency assistance, housing, and human services, as well as to collect, assemble, and report information about victims and assist with reunification of families during the response and recovery phases of an emergency when local capabilities are exceeded. 1.2 ESF #6 is organized into four primary functions: Mass Care, Emergency Assistance, Housing, and Human Services. 1.2.1. Mass Care: Includes sheltering, feeding operations, basic first aid, bulk distribution of emergency items, and collecting and providing information on victims to family members. This is to include the sheltering of household and service animals. 1.2.2. Emergency Assistance: Assistance required by individuals, families, and their communities to ensure that immediate needs beyond the scope of the traditional “mass care” services provided at the local level are addressed. These services include: support to evacuations (including registration and tracking of evacuees); reunification of families; provision of aid and services to access and functional needs populations; evacuation, sheltering, and other emergency services for household pets and service animals; support to specialized shelters; support to medical shelters; dormitory management in nonconventional shelters; coordination of donated goods and services; and coordination of voluntary agency assistance. 1.2.3. Housing: Includes housing options such as rental assistance, repair, loan assistance, replacement, factory-built housing, semi-permanent and permanent construction, referrals, identification and provision of accessible housing, and access to other sources of housing assistance. This assistance is guided by the National Disaster Housing Strategy.

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1.2.4. Human Services: Includes the implementation of disaster assistance programs to help disaster victims recover their non-housing losses, including programs to replace destroyed personal property, and help to obtain disaster loans, food stamps, crisis counseling, disaster unemployment, disaster legal services, support and services for access and functional needs populations, and other Federal and State benefits.

Primary Core Capability Response Mission Area Provide life-sustaining and human services to the affected population, to Mass Care Services include hydration, feeding, sheltering, temporary housing, evacuee support, reunification, and distribution of emergency supplies.

Support Core Capability Response Mission Area

Public Information & Warning

Deliver coordinated, prompt, reliable, and actionable information to the whole community through the use of clear, consistent, accessible, and culturally and linguistically appropriate methods to effectively relay information regarding any threat or hazard and, as appropriate, the actions being taken, and the assistance being made available. Establish and maintain a unified and coordinated operational structure and process that appropriately integrates all critical stakeholders and supports the execution of Core Capabilities.

Operational Coordination

Provide transportation (including infrastructure access and accessible transportation services) for response priority objectives, including the evacuation of people and animals and the delivery of vital response personnel, equipment, and services into the affected areas.

Critical Transportation

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Fatality Management Services

Logistics & Supply Chain Management

ESF 6

Provide fatality management services, including decedent remains recovery and victim identification, and work with local, state, and Federal authorities to provide mortuary processes, temporary storage or permanent internment solutions, sharing information with mass care services for the purpose of reunifying family members and caregivers with missing persons/remains, and providing counseling to the bereaved. Deliver essential commodities, equipment, and services in support of impacted communities and survivors, to include emergency power and fuel support, as well as the coordination of access to community staples. Synchronize logistics capabilities and enable the restoration of impacted supply chains.

Provide lifesaving medical treatment via Emergency Medical Services and related operations and avoiding additional Public Health, Healthcare, & EMS disease and injury by providing targeted public health, medical, and behavioral health support and products to all affected populations Recovery Mission Area

Health & Social Services

Restore and improve health and social services capabilities and networks to promote the resilience, independence, health (including behavioral health), and well-being of the whole community.

Housing

Implement housing solutions that effectively support the needs of the whole community and contribute to its sustainability and resilience.

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2. Policies 2.1. The American Red Cross (ARC) coordinates and leads county and non-governmental organization (NGO) resources, as outlined in charter provisions enacted by the United States Congress, Act of January 5, 1905, and the Disaster Relief Act of 1974 (P.L. 93288, as amended by the Stafford Act of 2000), to support local governments and agencies in the performance of mass care, emergency assistance, housing, and human services missions. 2.1.1.

The ARC assumes primary agency responsibility under the Federal Response Plan (FRP) to coordinate federal response assistance to the mass care response of state and local jurisdictions, and the efforts of other voluntary agencies, including ARC relief operations.

2.2 It is the policy of government jurisdictions in Cowlitz County to coordinate mass care efforts with the American Red Cross, local volunteer agencies, other appropriate local agencies, and private industry to provide prompt disaster relief to victims of major disasters within their jurisdiction.

2.3. Services will be provided without regard to economic status or racial, religious, political, ethnic, or other affiliation.

2.4. Shelter, food, and other assistance will be available until the need for emergency relief in the affected area has dissipated sufficiently so that individuals and families can return to their homes or are able to receive assistance from traditional personal, private, and governmental sources.

2.5. All transportation needs will be coordinated with ESF #1 Transportation. 2.6. Following hazardous materials or radiological incidents, no individual will be allowed entry to a shelter facility unless fully decontaminated.

3. Situation Overview 3.1. A significant disaster may deny a population access to food, spoil food, ruin clothing, displace a population from their homes and create a widespread need for shelter, food, and other basic human needs.

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3.2. The extent of damage to infrastructure and communities in the affected area will influence the demand for shelters. The extent of damage to shelters in the affected area and the availability of shelter space in the area will influence the strategy for assistance offered by service providers. Shelter sites may consist of existing, preidentified facilities, temporary, built-to-demand structures, or tent cities. It is most desirable to have communications capabilities between each shelter facility and the emergency operations center, when possible.

3.3. Some individuals with Access and Functional Needs may require transportation assistance to enable them to reach a shelter facility.

3.4. Emergency medical assistance is intended to address only basic ailments and maladies and is supplemental to the health and medical strategy and services for which the ESF #8 (Public Health and Emergency Medical Services) is responsible.

3.5. The number of domestic animals in the United States rivals the human population and need to be cared for in the event of a disaster. People evacuating from disasters may need assistance in finding shelter for their household pets and/or farm animals. Animals will be lost, injured, or may escape during disasters. A disaster could quickly overwhelm not only the caretakers but also local government’s ability to provide backup support.

4. Concept of Operations 4.1.

Mass Care - The American Red Cross leads the provision of mass care services to the affected population. They provide or coordinate to ensure the provision of shelter, feeding, bulk distribution, emergency first aid, and disaster welfare information (DWI). 4.1.1. Shelter: Emergency shelter includes the use of designated shelter sites in existing structures within the affected area(s), as well as additional sites designated as shelters. Shelter sites will be selected to maximize accessibility for individuals with disabilities, whenever possible. 4.1.1. Feeding: Feeding includes a combination of fixed sites, mobile feeding units, and bulk distribution sites. 4.1.2. Bulk Distribution: Bulk distribution includes distribution of emergency relief items to meet urgent needs through sites established within the affected area(s). These sites are used to distribute food, water, or other commodities in 6 | Pa g e

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coordination with local governments and voluntary agencies and other private-sector organizations.

4.1.3. Emergency First Aid: Emergency first aid includes provision of basic first aid at mass care facilities and designated sites and referral to appropriate medical personnel and facilities. 4.1.4. Disaster Welfare Information: DWI includes services related to the provision of information about individuals residing within the affected area to immediate family members outside the affected area. It may also include services related to the reunification of family members within the affected area. 4.1.5. Emergency Feeding and Distribution: ESF #6 will work in concert with voluntary agencies and the private sector to distribute food and food supplies to the affected population. Whenever possible, the private sector should take the lead on this task and ESF #6 should identify to other ESFs the need for priority restoration of those private sector entities that will provide these services. 4.1.6. Distribution of Emergency Relief Items: ESF #6 will support local points of distribution (PODs) for distribution of emergency relief items. Support may include transportation, technical support, and other mission-critical items working through the Logistics Section. Whenever possible, the private sector should take the lead on this task and ESF #6 should identify to other ESFs the need for priority restoration of those private sector entities that will provide these services.

4.2.

Emergency Assistance – Cowlitz County Emergency Management leads the coordination of resources and emergency assistance in support of local governments, voluntary agencies, and the private sector to augment their mass care response activities as requested. 4.2.1. Mass Evacuation: The ESF #6 Group may provide staff support to local authorities with mass evacuation. ESF #6 mass evacuation activities may be identified and addressed in coordination with ESF #13 – Public Safety, Law Enforcement, and Security.

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4.1.2. Facilitated Reunification: When a mass evacuation process is implemented, tracking information on individuals and families in an effort to assist with the reunification of separated family members will occur. Tracking, locating, registering, and reuniting evacuees and survivors. 4.1.3. Bulk Household Pets and Service Animals: ESF #6 ensures coordination of mass care services to provide for the safety and well-being of household pets and service animals during evacuations and sheltering. ESF #8 – Public Health and ESF #11 – Agriculture & Natural Resources will ensure support to ESF #6 through an integrated response. ESF #11, under ESF #6, coordinates support services for household pets and service animals during disasters. The varying and special requirements of individuals that require and utilize service animals is recognized and committed to ensuring that the physical and mental health needs of these individuals are appropriately addressed, and that individuals and service animals remain together to the maximum extent possible during evacuation, transport, sheltering, or the delivery of other services and in accordance with the requirements of the ADA. 4.1.4. General, Specialized, Medical, and Nonconventional Shelters: ESF #6 will provide assistance, resources, and technical assistance in support of local governments and voluntary agencies when conventional and nonconventional congregate care systems and shelter-in-place activities are in need of additional resources. Congregate care facilities are accessible to individuals with disabilities, whenever possible. Nonconventional sheltering may include: • Hotels, motels, and other single-room facilities • Private and public school facilities • Temporary facilities such as tents, prefabricated module facilities, and trains • Specialized shelters and functional and medical support shelters (through coordination with ESF #8) • Support for other specialized congregate care areas that may include respite centers, rescue areas, and decontamination processing centers. 4.1.5. Community (Voluntary) Agency Coordination: ESF #6 works in concert with local governments, voluntary agencies, faith-based organizations, and the private sector to facilitate an inclusive, multiagency, communitywide, and coordinated response and recovery effort.

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ESF 6

4.1.5.1. ESF #6 works with local officials, private nonprofit organizations, and

others to establish a long-term recovery strategy to address the unmet needs of individuals and families, including those with access and functional needs. ESF #6 may also coordinate with the Washington State Voluntary Organizations Active in Disaster (WAVOAD) to support the efforts of local community (voluntary) agencies and faith-based organizations. 4.1.5.2. ESF #6 coordinates among nontraditional and newly formed voluntary

agencies, existing social service agencies, and other government agencies with formal coalitions such as VOAD and Long-Term Recovery Committees. Non-traditional voluntary agencies include disaster response or recovery service providers that have not been involved with the planning and coordination efforts prior to an event. New voluntary agencies include groups that form in response to an event.

4.2.

Housing - ESF #6 at this level will not necessarily be responsible for housing programs. ESF #6 will identify the need for such programs and work with State and Federal agencies to bring these programs to the affected population. Certain programs can be coordinated directly by ESF #6 through contracting with the private sector or community/voluntary agencies.

4.3.

Human Services - Certain programs are available only under a major federal Disaster Declaration or Individual Assistance Declaration to help survivors address unmet disaster-caused needs and non-housing losses through loans or grants; disaster supplemental nutrition assistance; crisis counseling; disaster unemployment; and disaster legal services. Other state and federal human services programs may benefit survivors, such as childcare, Temporary Assistance to Needy Families, housing vouchers, etc.

4.4.

Whole Community Involvement 4.5.1. ESF #6 is supported by multiple county organizations and nongovernmental organizations, many of which have specific missions to serve or advocate on behalf of children, the elderly, people who live in poverty, people who are institutionalized, who are disabled, have Limited English Proficiency, and others with access and functional needs. Many of the county organizations that support ESF #6 engage a wide range of stakeholders in program development and service delivery operations, in 9 | Pa g e

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accordance with and within the limitations of their respective enabling legal authorities, missions and funding sources. ESF #6 partner agencies routinely engage many other organizations in their day-to-day missions, including: community organizations; Voluntary Organizations Active in Disasters (VOAD); faith-based organizations; community leaders; disability services; private business; home care services; medical suppliers; advocacy groups; the media; transportation providers; and many others. 4.5.2

This ESF communicates with the Whole Community as needed during emergency response and disaster recovery operations. The Whole Community includes populations with individuals with disabilities and Access and Functional Needs (AFN). Any agency or organization that receives federal funding is required to have a plan or policy for addressing the needs of individuals with Limited English Proficiency (LEP), pursuant to Title VI, the Civil Rights Act. Cowlitz County Emergency Management and this ESF expects all agencies and organizations to comply with federal law. For more information on how each agency or organization complies with federal law, please contact the individual agency or organization.

4.5.3

Access and Functional Needs populations are defined as populations whose members may have additional needs before, during, and after an incident in one or more of the following (CMIST) functional areas:

Communication

Medical Care

Some portions of the population may need information provided in methods they can understand and use. Some may not be able to hear verbal announcements, see directional signs, or understand how to get assistance due to hearing, vision, speech, cognitive, or intellectual limitations, and/or have limited English proficiency. Some individuals may need assistance with managing unstable, terminal, or contagious conditions that require observation and ongoing treatment; managing intravenous therapy, tube feeding, and vital signs; receiving dialysis, oxygen, and suction administration; managing wounds; and operating power-dependent

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equipment to sustain life. These individuals require support of trained medical professionals. Individuals requiring support to be independent in daily activities may lose this support during an emergency or disaster. Such support may include consumable medical supplies (diapers, formula, bandages, ostomy supplies, etc.), durable medical equipment (wheelchairs, walkers, scooters, etc.), service animals, and/or attendants or caregivers.

Maintaining Independence

Before, during, and after an emergency, individuals may lose the support of caregivers, family, or friends or may be unable to cope in a new environment (particularly if they have dementia, Alzheimer’s or psychiatric conditions such as schizophrenia or intense anxiety). If separated from their caregivers, young children may be unable to identify themselves; and when in danger, they may lack the cognitive ability to assess the situation and react appropriately.

Supervision

Individuals who cannot drive or who do not have a vehicle may require transportation support for successful evacuation. This support may include accessible vehicles (e.g., lift-equipped or vehicles suitable for transporting individuals who use oxygen) or information about how and where to access mass transportation during an evacuation.

Transportation

4.5. Critical Tasks Mission Area

Critical Task I.D.

Critical Tasks Mass Care Services

Move and deliver resources and capabilities to meet the needs of disaster survivors, including individuals with access and functional needs. 11 | P a g e

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ESF 6

Establish, staff, and equip emergency shelters and other temporary housing options (including accessible housing) for the affected population.

Move from congregate care to non-congregate care alternatives and provide relocation assistance or interim housing solutions for families unable to return to their pre-disaster homes.

Response

Mission Area

Critical Task I.D.

Critical Tasks

Public Information & Warning

Deliver credible and actionable messages to inform ongoing emergency services and the public about protective measures and other life-sustaining actions and facilitate the transition to recovery.

Response

Mission Area

Critical Task I.D.

Critical Tasks

Operational Coordination

Recovery

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EMERGENCY SUPPORT FUNCTION 6: MASS CARE, EMERGENCY ASSISTANCE, HOUSING, HUMAN SERVICES

Mission Area

Critical Task I.D.

ESF 6

Critical Tasks Critical Transportation

Establish physical access through appropriate transportation corridors and deliver required resources to save lives and to meet the needs of disaster survivors.

Ensure basic human needs are met, stabilize the incident, transition into recovery for an affected area, and restore basic services and community functionality.

Response

Mission Area

Critical Task I.D.

Critical Tasks

Fatality Management Services Response

Establish and maintain operations to recover a significant number of fatalities over a geographically dispersed area.

Mission Area

Critical Task I.D.

Critical Tasks

Logistics & Supply Chain Management Mobilize and deliver governmental, nongovernmental, and private sector resources to save lives, sustain lives, meet basic human needs, stabilize the incident, and transition to recovery, to include moving and delivering resources and services to meet the needs of disaster survivors.

Response

Mission Area

Critical Task I.D.

Critical Tasks

Fatality Management Services Response

Establish and maintain operations to recover a significant number of fatalities over a geographically dispersed area. 13 | P a g e

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EMERGENCY SUPPORT FUNCTION 6: MASS CARE, EMERGENCY ASSISTANCE, HOUSING, HUMAN SERVICES

Mission Area

Critical Task I.D.

ESF 6

Critical Tasks

Response

Mission Area

Critical Task I.D.

Critical Tasks

Public Health, Healthcare, & EMS Response

Deliver medical countermeasures to exposed populations.

Mission Area

Critical Task I.D.

Critical Tasks

Health & Social Services Recovery

Identify affected populations, groups, and key partners in short-term, intermediate, and longterm recovery

Complete an assessment of community health and social service needs; prioritize these needs, including accessibility requirements, based on the whole community’s input and participation in the recovery planning process; and develop a comprehensive recovery timeline.

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ESF #6

EMERGENCY SUPPORT FUNCTION 6: MASS CARE, EMERGENCY ASSISTANCE, HOUSING, HUMAN SERVICES

Mission Area

Critical Task I.D.

ESF 6

Critical Tasks

Health & Social Services 1

Recovery

Assess preliminary housing impacts and needs, identify currently available options for temporary housing, and plan for permanent housing. Ensure community housing recovery plans continue to address interim housing needs, assess options for permanent housing, and define a timeline for achieving a resilient, accessible, and sustainable housing market. Establish a resilient and sustainable housing market that meets the needs of the community, including the need for accessible housing within the specified timeframe in the recovery plan.

Organization 5.1. The ESF #6 position is staffed by the American Red Cross. Personnel assigned to this position are recommended by the American Red Cross and approved by the Director of Emergency Services or designee. The ESF #6 position, when activated, operates in the Cowlitz County EOC and is a member of the Human Services Branch within the Operations Coordination Section reporting to the Human Services Branch Director or Operations Coordination Section Chief. This position is the link to the human service operations in the field.

5.2. The ESF #6 position provides subject-matter expertise to other EOC positions. Based on potential need, this ESF may operate on a 24-hour basis. Supporting agencies have representatives available at the county EOC or by telephone or pager on a 24-hour basis while ESF #6 is operational.

5.3. Precautionary evacuations may be authorized by the Chief Elected Official (or designee) in coordination with and executed by an Incident Commander (IC).

5.4. Emergency evacuations may be authorized by the following: 15 | P a g e (033026)

ESF #6

ESF 6

EMERGENCY SUPPORT FUNCTION 6: MASS CARE, EMERGENCY ASSISTANCE, HOUSING, HUMAN SERVICES

• • • •

Incident Commander Sheriff or Police Chief Fire Chief Health Officer, or designee

5.5. Anticipate that people may be hesitant to evacuate and may seek confirmation of the evacuation request from neighbors, friends, and relatives. Research has shown incentives exist which can be provided to people to encourage them to leave. These include the following: Incentives to Encourage People to Leave During an Evacuation Situation • Evacuation request should be made by elected officials or other recognized authority • Contact should be made by uniformed personnel • Information should be provided as to the exact nature of the threat • The evacuation request should be disseminated from multiple sources if possible • Assurances should be provided of security and property protection • Provisions for alternative emergency transportation should be provided, if needed • Provisions for reducing family separation anxiety, such as information about schools (if involved) should be considered • Provisions for pets should be considered • Provide information as to what exactly is expected of the citizens in the threatened area • Ensure that messages from the field and official sources are consistent • Provide an avenue for evacuees to obtain updates

Direction, Control, and Coordination 6.1.

Horizontal Integration – ARC Shelter Management Plans/Procedures, ARC Volunteer/Donations Management Plans/Procedures, etc.

6.2.

Vertical Integration – Washington State CEMP – ESF 6, any local or regional plans and/or procedures that address any of these core capabilities, etc.

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EMERGENCY SUPPORT FUNCTION 6: MASS CARE, EMERGENCY ASSISTANCE, HOUSING, HUMAN SERVICES

ESF 6

Information Collection, Analysis, and Dissemination 8.1. Information collection regarding mass care, housing and human services status will be coordinated through ESF #6 and the Cowlitz County EOC or other designated points as appropriate to the incident.

8.2. The local Incident Commander (IC) or designee is responsible for providing situation reports and periodic updates to keep the EOC informed. The EOC or designee shall provide situation reports to local support agencies and the Washington State Emergency Management Division (WAEMD) – State Emergency Operations Center (SEOC) as appropriate.

7.3.

Jurisdiction, agency, private-sector, non-governmental, and volunteer organization representatives within the EOC will assist with information collection, verification, analysis, and dissemination needs of the JIC and EOC. This will include maintaining contact with their local PIOs for reports and updates.

7.4.

Some incoming mass care, housing, and human services information/requests (e.g., expenditures and contracts) into the EOC may require a vetting process through the Policy Group (MACG) and/or the EOC Manager due to legal, policy, ethical, or other concerns.

7.5.

The EOC will be responsible for collection, verification, analysis, and dissemination of the latest incident information using Situation Reports (SitRep), WebEOC, and similar channels.

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ESF #6

EMERGENCY SUPPORT FUNCTION 6: MASS CARE, EMERGENCY ASSISTANCE, HOUSING, HUMAN SERVICES

ESF 6

Responsibilities Response Mission Area Core Capability

Operational Coordination

Critical Task I.D.

Activity / Action

Organizations(s) Name American Red Cross (ARC)

Obtain an initial mass care needs assessment (including domestic animals/pets) through established intelligence procedures; determine the appropriate management response to meet the request.

Establish communication links with support agencies and mass care resources.

Humane Society Emergency Management American Red Cross (ARC) Humane Society Emergency Management

Operational Coordination

Maintain close coordination with local ECCs, WAEMD/SEOC, support agencies, and any mutual aid from surrounding counties.

Emergency Management School Districts

Critical Transportation

1, 2

Coordinate or provide transportation assets for people and/or animal relocation.

Public / Private Transportation Emergency Management

Fatality Management Services

1, 2

Establish and maintain operations to recover fatalities over a geographically dispersed area and coordinate designates sites/locations for temporary morgues in coordination with Cowlitz Dept. of Health and Human Services (DHHS). Provides for victim identification and mortuary services in coordination with DHHS, St. John Medical Center, EMS, and Cowlitz County Emergency Management.

Cowlitz County Coroner’s Office

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ESF #6

EMERGENCY SUPPORT FUNCTION 6: MASS CARE, EMERGENCY ASSISTANCE, HOUSING, HUMAN SERVICES

Mass Care Services

1, 2

Manage the coordination of both established and unaffiliated volunteers.

ESF 6

Emergency Management Humane Society American Red Cross (ARC)

Mass Care Services

1, 2, 3

Access and/or activate an initial and continued housing strategy.

American Red Cross (ARC)

Mass Care Services

1, 2, 3

Assist in reaching the area’s homeless population located both in shelter programs and on the street.

Behavioral Health Units

Mass Care Services

1, 2, 3

Staff (Registered Nurses, Physicians. Social Workers, Chaplains, Aides) available to assist, as requested.

Medical Reserve Corps, Cowlitz County Chaplaincy

Mass Care Services

1, 2

Coordinate family reunification efforts.

Coordinate the receiving of any unsolicited donations.

American Red Cross (ARC) Emergency Management Emergency Management American Red Cross (ARC) Humane Society

Mass Care Services

Provides access to disaster outreach support/services.

Mass Care Services

Provides subject-matter expertise on working with access and functional needs populations.

Mass Care Services

Provides drug/alcohol counseling for displaced residents.

1, 2

Coordinate the domestic animal care services for sheltered populations.

1, 2

Determine the status of animal response teams, animal shelters, and veterinary care.

Mass Care Services Mass Care Services

American Red Cross (ARC) Cowlitz Dept. of Health and Human Services (DHHS) Columbia Wellness Humane Society Emergency Management Humane Society Emergency Management

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EMERGENCY SUPPORT FUNCTION 6: MASS CARE, EMERGENCY ASSISTANCE, HOUSING, HUMAN SERVICES

Mass Care Services

1, 2

Mass Care Services

1, 2

ESF 6

Coordinate the pet-family reunification effort. Coordinate the assignment of veterinary personnel to assist in delivering animal care. Coordinate the depopulation of shelters as required and, when possible, plan for the return of evacuees with access and functional needs, to their pre-disaster locations.

Humane Society Humane Society Humane Society

Mass Care Services

Provide facilities to serve as mass care centers, when available.

School Districts – Public and Private

Mass Care Services

Provide facilities for people and animal care centers (pets and/or farm animals).

Event Center & Fairgrounds

Gathers, assesses, prioritizes, and communicates relevant public health and medical needs information to survivors (including limited English proficiency individuals) in facilities where mass care services are provided.

Emergency Management

Public Information & Warning

1, 2

Public Information & Warning

1, 2

Coordinate public information through ESF #15 (Public Affairs).

Coordinate resource needs, and determine and resolve, as necessary, issues regarding resource shortages and resource ordering issues.

Logistics & Supply Chain Management

Emergency Management

Cowlitz Dept. of Health and Human Services (DHHS) Emergency Management Emergency Management American Red Cross (ARC) Humane Society

Logistics & Supply Chain Management Public Health, Healthcare, & EMS

1, 2

Establish and operate Points of Distribution for bulk commodity distribution.

Facilitate vaccinations and immunizations to displaced residents and voluntary organizations working in hazardous environments.

Emergency Management Cowlitz Dept. of Health and Human Services (DHHS)

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ESF #6

ESF 6

EMERGENCY SUPPORT FUNCTION 6: MASS CARE, EMERGENCY ASSISTANCE, HOUSING, HUMAN SERVICES

Recovery Mission Area Core Capability

Critical Task I.D.

Activity / Action

Organizations(s) Name Emergency Management

Housing

Manage any ongoing shelter operations.

Cowlitz Dept. of Health and Human Services (DHHS) Humane Society

Housing

1, 2, 3

Health & Social Services

1, 2

Coordinate the depopulation of shelters as required and, when possible, plan for the return of evacuees with access and functional needs, to their pre-disaster locations. Plan for the long-term sheltering of affected individuals.

Continue and, if needed, improve upon family and/or pet reunification efforts, in coordination with ESF #11.

Emergency Management Humane Society Emergency Management Humane Society Emergency Management American Red Cross (ARC) Humane Society

10. Resource Requirements Resources

Providers

Desktop or laptop WebEOC login (Guest Account) Contact Master List (phone, email) Internet and drive access Home agencies’ SOPs Desk phone Two-way radio

Training

Providers

G0191 – ICS-IMT/EOC Interface ICS 100, 200, 700, 800 ICS 300, 400

Cowlitz Emergency Management, WAEMD Cowlitz Emergency Management, FEMA - IS Cowlitz Emergency Management, WAEMD 21 | P a g e

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ESF #6

ESF 6

EMERGENCY SUPPORT FUNCTION 6: MASS CARE, EMERGENCY ASSISTANCE, HOUSING, HUMAN SERVICES

Position-Specific training G2300

Cowlitz Emergency Management, WAEMD Cowlitz Emergency Management, WAEMD

11. Reference and Supporting Plans ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪

ESF 1 (Transportation) ESF 3 (Public Works and Engineering) ESF 4 (Firefighting) ESF 5 (Emergency Management) ESF 7 (Logistics and Resource Support) ESF 8 (Public Health and Medical Services) ESF 11 (Agriculture & Natural Resources) ESF 13 (Public Safety, Law Enforcement, Security) ESF 15 (Public Affairs) Washington Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan (CEMP) – ESF #6 National Incident Management System (NIMS), 3rd Edition, 2017 National Disaster Housing Strategy It describes how we as a Nation currently provide housing to those affected by disasters. It summarizes the many sheltering and housing efforts we have in the United States and the broad array of organizations that engage in managing these programs. Second, and more importantly, the Strategy charts the new direction that our disaster housing efforts must take if we are to better meet the emergent needs of disaster victims and communities.

12. Terms and Definitions Access and Functional Needs (AFN) Executive Order 13407 requires the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) to “include in the public alert and warning system the capability to alert and warn all Americans, including those with disabilities” thereby reaching our whole community.

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ESF #6

ESF 7

EMERGENCY SUPPORT FUNCTION 1: LOGISTICS AND RESOURCE SUPPORT

Logistics and Resource Support Emergency Support Function (ESF) 7 Coordinating: • Cowlitz County Emergency Management Primary: • Cowlitz County Emergency Management Support: • Cowlitz County Departments (Finance, Purchasing) • Municipal Departments (Finance, Purchasing) • Cowlitz County Public Works • Cowlitz County Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS) • American Red Cross (ARC) The following Emergency Support Functions (ESF) or Recovery Functions support or coordinate with this ESF 7 (Logistics and Resource Support): • In the Response Phase: o Supporting: ▪ ESF 3 (Public Works & Engineering) ▪ ESF 4 (Firefighting) ▪ ESF 6 (Mass Care) ▪ ESF 8 (Public Health & Medical Services) ▪ ESF 11 (Agriculture & Natural Resources) ▪ ESF 12 (Energy) ▪ ESF 14 (Long-Term Recovery) o Coordinating: ▪ ESF 5 (Information & Planning) • In the Recovery Phase: o Supporting: ▪ ESF 1 (Transportation) ▪ ESF 2 (Communications) ▪ ESF 3 (Public Works & Engineering) ▪ ESF 12 (Energy) ▪ ESF 14 (Long-Term Recovery) o Coordinating: 1 | Pa g e (033026)

ESF #7

EMERGENCY SUPPORT FUNCTION 1: LOGISTICS AND RESOURCE SUPPORT

▪

ESF 7

ESF 5 (Emergency Management)

1. Purpose 1.1 Emergency Support Function (ESF) #7 – Logistics Management & Resource Support provides coordinated logistical and resource support to an emergency response or recovery effort or other disaster assistance initiative. Primary Core Capability Response Mission Area

Logistics & Supply Chain Management

Primary Core Capability Recovery Mission Area Return economic and business activities (including food and agriculture) to a Economic Recovery healthy state and develop new business and employment opportunities that result in an economically viable community.

Support Core Capability Response Mission Area Establish and maintain a unified and coordinated operational structure and process that appropriately integrates all critical stakeholders and supports the execution of Core Capabilities.

Operational Coordination

Stabilize critical infrastructure functions, minimize health and safety threats, and efficiently restore and revitalize systems and services to support a viable, resilient community.

Infrastructure Systems

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ESF 7

EMERGENCY SUPPORT FUNCTION 1: LOGISTICS AND RESOURCE SUPPORT

Critical Transportation

Mass Care Services

Operational Communications

Ensure the capacity for timely communications in support of security, situational awareness, and operations, by any and all means available, among and between affected communities in the impact area and all response forces.

2. Policies 2.1. Priority is given to Life safety, Incident stabilization, or Property protection (preservation).

2.2 Cowlitz County Emergency Management and the Cowlitz County EOC functions are based on the Constitution and Revised Code of Washington (RCW) governing emergency management, which includes references regarding resource procurement, etc. 2.2.1. Washington State Constitution. Article 8, Section 7, “No county, city, town or other municipal corporation shall hereafter give any money, or property, or loan its money, or credit to or in aid of any individual, association, company or corporation, …….” 2.2.2. Washington State RCW – 38.52.070 - Emergency Contracts and Obligations 2.2.3. Washington State RCW – 38.52.110 - Use of existing resources; command the service and equipment of the citizens.

2.3. Chief Elected Officials (CEO) of Cowlitz County government jurisdictions may invoke temporary controls on local resources and establish priorities when a local 3 | Pa g e (033026)

ESF #7

ESF 7

EMERGENCY SUPPORT FUNCTION 1: LOGISTICS AND RESOURCE SUPPORT

State of Emergency is proclaimed. These may include, but not be limited to fuel, food, shelter, and other resources necessary for human needs. Any controls established will be in coordination with other local jurisdictions within Cowlitz County.

2.4. It is the policy of Cowlitz County government jurisdictions that departments utilize their personnel to the maximum extent possible, including use of personnel not normally assigned emergency responsibilities. Government employees required to work either overtime or "out of class" in responding to a disaster shall be compensated in accordance with existing rules and bargaining agreements and the requirements of the Fair Labor Standards Act (FLSA).

3. Situation Overview 3.1.

Weather conditions and the extent of damage to the public infrastructure of the affected area, in addition to the condition of the transportation network in the area, will influence the strategy or ability to provide support.

3.2.

Each responding organization has established a system for managing agency resources.

3.3.

All county and city organizations, services, and facilities can be utilized during a disaster. The Incident Command System (ICS) will be utilized from the National Incident Management System (NIMS).

3.4.

Supplies and equipment will be provided from existing Cowlitz County inventories whenever possible. Resource needs beyond the capacity of jurisdictions should be coordinated through the Cowlitz County Emergency Operations Center (EOC).

3.5.

Supplies and items of equipment obtained from commercial providers will not be stockpiled; however, the scope of procurement operations will be consistent with the severity of the event.

3.6.

An extreme situation could develop that might require the elected legislative authorities of the county to invoke local resource restrictions or economic controls to assure an acceptable level of recovery and response.

3.7.

Procurement will be conducted in accordance with State and County laws and regulations, including provisions for emergency procurement and no-bid contracting.

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ESF #7

ESF 7

EMERGENCY SUPPORT FUNCTION 1: LOGISTICS AND RESOURCE SUPPORT

3.8.

The government’s initial response will focus on lifesaving and injury reduction activities followed by protection of critical infrastructure and public property. The protection of private property will be the responsibility of the landowner or tenant.

3.9.

RCW 38.52 and WAC 118.04 provide for the classification, registration, and utilization of emergency services workers and describe emergency services worker compensation and immunity responsibilities.

4. Concept of Operations 4.1.

ESF #7 manages and coordinates resource support activities. This function is accomplished by mobilizing public and private resources in support of local emergency operations.

4.2.

ESF #7 will be implemented upon notification of a potential or actual major emergency or disaster. Implementing ESF #7 will be the mechanism for providing support activity to other ESFs.

4.3.

Cowlitz County Emergency Management or the Cowlitz County EOC will manage resource coordination activities. Incoming resources will usually be processed through a staging area operation, which will be determined by the situation.

4.4.

During initial emergency operations, each entity will be responsible for managing its own resources. Local resources will be utilized before requesting assistance from the region and state.

4.5.

Multi-agency response will use the Incident Command System (ICS) within the National Incident Management System (NIMS).

4.6.

The legislative authority of the political subdivisions is empowered to establish controls on resources and resource allocation priorities during a State of Emergency.

4.7.

Voluntary controls are the preferred method of resource management, although mandatory controls may be required, when feasible, as a temporary measure. The public will be encouraged to voluntarily cooperate with emergency measures through the public information program.

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ESF #7

EMERGENCY SUPPORT FUNCTION 1: LOGISTICS AND RESOURCE SUPPORT

ESF 7

4.8.

The Board of Cowlitz County Commissioners (BOCC) and the respective Mayors/City Councils have the responsibility and authority to allocate resources and invoke economic and other controls if the situation warrants.

4.9.

When appropriate, private agricultural, industrial, commercial, financial, or other services may assist local government in an advisory capacity with emergency resource distribution and mobilization policies or control programs.

4.10. Local community service organizations - with the American Red Cross (ARC) being the lead agency - will manage donated goods and services. Cowlitz County Emergency Management and the ARC will determine receiving points for donated goods.

4.11. Whole Community Involvement 4.11.1. Cowlitz County Emergency Management strives to engage whole community partners (i.e., government, non-profit, private sector, and community groups) to understand each other’s functions, capabilities and available resources that may be utilized during a disaster. Cowlitz County Emergency Management has been actively identifying ways to better communicate and plan with the Access and Function Needs (AFN), and homeless populations within the county through the Cowlitz County Department of Health and Human Services. 4.11.2. Jurisdictional fire departments reach out to their whole communities in various forums, including fire code inspection programs, to educate the public regarding fire safety, injury prevention, and other safety issues. Presentations are made throughout the community on a variety of safety issues including home and workplace fire safety, proper use of fire extinguishers, wildland urban interface fire prevention (Firewise), and juvenile fire setters. 4.11.3 Jurisdictional law enforcement departments reach out to their entire communities through community policing, including home, personal property, and personal safety tips/checklists. The community policing philosophy focuses on citizen involvement as an integral part of the solution to crime problems. Police departments across the county are adopting this philosophy in one form or another and beginning to work hand in hand with individuals, National Night Out, neighborhood organizations, and other community groups to attack the root cause of crime. 4.11.4 The Whole Community includes populations with individuals with disabilities and Access and Functional Needs (AFN). Any agency or organization that receives federal funding is required to have a plan or 6 | Pa g e (033026)

ESF #7

ESF 7

EMERGENCY SUPPORT FUNCTION 1: LOGISTICS AND RESOURCE SUPPORT

Mission Area

Critical Task I.D.

Critical Tasks

Logistics & Supply Chain Management

Enhance public and private resources and services support for an affected area.

Response

Mission Area

Critical Task I.D.

Critical Tasks

Operational Coordination

1 Response

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ESF #7

ESF 7

EMERGENCY SUPPORT FUNCTION 1: LOGISTICS AND RESOURCE SUPPORT

Mission Area

Critical Task I.D.

Critical Tasks Infrastructure Systems

Response

Re-establish critical infrastructure within the affected areas to support ongoing emergency response operations, life sustainment, community functionality, and a transition to recovery.

Provide for the clearance, removal, and disposal of debris. Formalize partnerships with governmental and private sector cyber incident or emergency response teams to accept, triage, and collaboratively respond to cascading impacts in an efficient manner.

Mission Area

Critical Task I.D.

Critical Tasks Critical Transportation

Response

Ensure basic human needs are met, stabilize the incident, transition into recovery for an affected area, and restore basic services and community functionality.

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ESF #7

EMERGENCY SUPPORT FUNCTION 1: LOGISTICS AND RESOURCE SUPPORT

Mission Area

Critical Task I.D.

ESF 7

Critical Tasks Mass Care Services

Move and deliver resources and capabilities to meet the needs of disaster survivors, including individuals with access and functional needs

Establish, staff, and equip emergency shelters and other temporary housing options (including accessible housing) for the affected population.

Critical Task I.D.

Critical Tasks

Response

Mission Area

Operational Communications Ensure the capacity to communicate with both the emergency response community and the affected populations and establish interoperable voice and data communications between Federal, tribal, state, and local first responders.

Response

Mission Area

Critical Task I.D.

Critical Tasks Economic Recovery

Recovery

Conduct a preliminary assessment of economic issues and identify potential inhibitors to progress with stabilization of the affected communities.

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ESF #7

ESF 7

EMERGENCY SUPPORT FUNCTION 1: LOGISTICS AND RESOURCE SUPPORT

6. Organization 6.1.

Cowlitz County Board Of County Commissioners (BOCC), Mayors/City Councils, a Policy Group (MACG) – if established - will issue overall resource management priorities and strategies as appropriate and necessary.

6.2.

Authorization for expenditures, entering into contracts, and other administrative issues will come from The Policy Group (MACG).

6.3.

Cowlitz County Emergency Management will coordinate the staffing of the ESF #7 position. Personnel assigned to this position are designated by the Emergency Management Director. The ESF #7 position, when activated, operates within the Cowlitz County EOC, acts as the Logistics Section Chief and reports to the EOC Manager. This position is the link to providing resources to field operations.

6.4.

The ESF #7 position provides subject-matter expertise to other EOC positions. Based on potential need, this ESF may operate on a 24-hour basis. Supporting agencies have representatives available at the EOC or by telephone or pager on a 24hour basis while ESF #7 is operational.

7. Direction, Control, and Coordination 6.1.

Local government Incident Commanders (IC) will exercise tactical direction and control of disaster activities within that jurisdiction. The IC, or designee, will coordinate with Cowlitz County Emergency Management, who is responsible for implementing the County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan (CEMP). Each jurisdiction shall establish Standard Operating Guidelines (SOGs) to control and direct response and recovery actions. In cases where local resources to contend with an emergency do not exist or have been depleted, the affected IC, in coordination with Cowlitz County Emergency Management, should request assistance from the Cowlitz County EOC. Resources made available to the local government will be under the operational control of the Chief Elected Official (CEO) or designee through the Incident Commander. When the resource mission is completed, Cowlitz County Emergency Management and/or the EOC will be notified, and the resource returned for other assignment.

6.2.

If the needed response exceeds these local capabilities, the CEO of the local jurisdiction may declare a “State of Emergency” to expedite access to resources needed to cope with the incident. 10 | P a g e

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ESF 7

6.3.

Cowlitz County Emergency Management is responsible for the proper functioning of the Cowlitz County Emergency Operations Center (EOC) during emergency operations. Cowlitz County Emergency Management also acts as a liaison with state and federal emergency agencies, and neighboring counties.

6.4.

The Cowlitz County EOC is the central point for coordinating emergency response and recovery actions. The purpose of this central point is to ensure harmonious response when the emergency involves more than one political entity and several response agencies. Coordination of services will be through the EOC Manager and Section Coordinators to provide for the most efficient management of resources.

6.5.

Department/agency heads and other officials legally administering their office may perform their emergency function(s) on their own initiative if, in their judgment, the safety or welfare of the population is threatened. The EOC and/or Cowlitz County Emergency Management should be notified as soon as possible.

8. Information Collection, Analysis, and Dissemination 8.1.

Information collection on communication systems status will be coordinated through ESF #2 and the Cowlitz County EOC or other designated points as appropriate to the incident.

8.2.

The local Incident Commander (IC) or designee is responsible for providing situation reports and periodic updates to keep the EOC informed. The EOC, Emergency Management, or designee, shall provide situation reports to local support agencies/jurisdiction and the Washington State Emergency Management Division (WAEMD) – State Emergency Operations Center (SEOC) as appropriate.

7.3.

Jurisdiction, agency, private-sector, non-governmental, and volunteer organization representatives within the EOC will assist with meeting the information collection, verification, analysis, and dissemination needs of the JIC and EOC. This will include maintaining contact with their local PIOs for reports and updates.

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ESF #7

EMERGENCY SUPPORT FUNCTION 1: LOGISTICS AND RESOURCE SUPPORT

ESF 7

7.4.

Some incoming information/requests (e.g., expenditures and contracts) into the EOC may require a vetting process through the Policy Group (MACG) and the EOC Manager due to legal, policy, ethical, or other concerns.

7.5.

The EOC will be responsible for collection, verification, analysis, and dissemination of the latest incident information and resources.

9. Responsibilities Response Mission Area Core Capability

Logistics & Supply Chain Management

Critical Task I.D.

Logistics & Supply Chain Management

1, 2

Logistics & Supply Chain Management Logistics & Supply Chain Management Logistics & Supply Chain Management

Activity / Action

Develop procedures for rapidly procuring supplies and equipment and how to effectively track their delivery and use.

Organizations(s) Name Emergency Management County/City Purchasing Dept. County/City Finance Dept.

Emergency Management

1, 2

Track all disaster responders and volunteers (check-in and check-out)

Emergency Management

1, 2

Facilitate the operations of the voluntary organizations to permit them to function to the full extent of their mission and expertise.

Emergency Management

1, 2

Contracts with commercial vendors will be initiated to obtain supplies and equipment unavailable in existing inventories.

County/City Purchasing Dept. County/City Public Works

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ESF #7

EMERGENCY SUPPORT FUNCTION 1: LOGISTICS AND RESOURCE SUPPORT

Operational Coordination

Infrastructure Systems

1, 2

Coordinate within their jurisdictions for donated goods and services and assure local resources are expended prior to seeking assistance from Cowlitz County Emergency Management / EOC for state support.

1, 2

Members of the Policy Group allocate funds for emergencies. The finance representative may report to the EOC to coordinate allocated funding if the situation warrants it.

1, 2

Coordinate the provision of materials, services, and facilities in support of emergency operations.

1, 2, 3

Coordinate and provide information regarding road closures and accessibility to and from disaster.

Critical Transportation

Mass Care Services

Resource need requests will be prioritized, allocated and deployed in mission assignments. Missions will be tracked, and resources will be reassigned if they become available for subsequent uses.

Obtain an assessment of the regional transportation network and analyze information to determine the feasibility of accessing existing supply storage locations. The management of initial emergency response will be the responsibility of the Incident Commander(s). Coordinate the assignment of donations management resources. Coordinate the establishment and operation of Points of Distribution to distribute commodities, if necessary.

ESF 7 Emergency Management County & Municipal Governments

County/City Finance Dept. Emergency Management County & Municipal Governments Emergency Management County/City Public Works Emergency Management County/City Public Works Primary Organization – Emergency Management

Emergency Management Emergency Management Cowlitz County Dept. of Health & Human Services

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ESF #7

ESF 7

EMERGENCY SUPPORT FUNCTION 1: LOGISTICS AND RESOURCE SUPPORT

Conduct Inspections of disaster relief food, medical and health issues to ensure that they meet state health requirements.

Cowlitz County Dept. of Health & Human Services

Mass Care Services

Coordinate establishment of, staff for, and equip emergency shelters and other temporary housing options (including accessible housing) for the affected population.

Emergency Management

Operational Communications

Establish communication links with support agencies.

All Primary and Support Organizations

Operational Communications

Obtain and distribute, through appropriate channels, incident contact information to emergency responders mobilized through ESF #7.

All Primary and Support Organizations

Mass Care Services

American Red Cross

Recovery Mission Area Core Capability

Economic Recovery

Critical Task I.D. 1

Activity / Action Conduct a preliminary assessment of economic issues and continue to utilize primary and alternate resources to foster priority stabilization.

Organizations(s) Name Emergency Management

10. Resource Requirements Resources

Providers

Desktop or laptop WebEOC login (Guest Account) Contact Master List (phone, email) Internet and drive access Home agencies’ SOPs Desk phone Two-way radio

Training

Providers

G0191 – ICS-IMT/EOC Interface ICS 100, 200, 700, 800 ICS 300, 400

Cowlitz Emergency Management, WAEMD Cowlitz Emergency Management, FEMA - IS Cowlitz Emergency Management, WAEMD 14 | P a g e

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ESF #7

ESF 7

EMERGENCY SUPPORT FUNCTION 1: LOGISTICS AND RESOURCE SUPPORT

Position-Specific training G2300

Cowlitz Emergency Management, WAEMD Cowlitz Emergency Management, WAEMD

11. Reference and Supporting Plans ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪

ESF 1 (Transportation) ESF 2 (Communications) ESF 3 (Public Works and Engineering) ESF 4 (Firefighting) ESF 5 (Emergency Management) ESF 6 (Mass Care, Emergency Assistance, Housing, Human Services) ESF 8 (Public Health and Medical Services) ESF 11 (Agriculture and Natural Resources) ESF 12 (Energy) ESF 13 (Public Safety, Law Enforcement, Security) Washington State Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan (CEMP) – ESF #7 Washington State Distribution Management Plan Washington State RCW – 38.52.070 - Emergency Contracts and Obligations Washington State RCW – 38.52.110 - Use of existing resources; command the service and equipment of the citizens

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ESF #7

ESF 8

EMERGENCY SUPPORT FUNCTION 8: PUBLIC HEALTH AND MEDICAL SERVICES

Public Health and Medical Services Emergency Support Function (ESF) 8 Coordinating: • Cowlitz County Emergency Management Primary: • Cowlitz County Fire Agencies / Emergency Medical Services (EMS) • Cowlitz County Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS) • Cowlitz County Coroner’s Office Support: • Emergency Medical Services – Public and Private • American Red Cross (ARC) • Hospitals, Clinics, Nursing Homes, Long-term Care Facilities • Cowlitz County Emergency Management • Region 4 Public Health • State Department of Health (DOH) • Law Enforcement Agencies • Other local Agencies / Organizations, including the Cowlitz Tribe The following Emergency Support Functions (ESF) or Recovery Functions support or coordinate with this ESF 1 (Transportation): • In the Prevention Phase: o Supporting: ESF 13 (Public Safety, Security & Evacuation) • In the Response Phase: o Supporting: ▪ ESF 1 (Transportation) ▪ ESF 2 (Communications) ▪ ESF 3 (Public Works & Engineering) ▪ ESF 4 (Firefighting) ▪ ESF 5 (Emergency Management) ▪ ESF 6 (Mass Care) ▪ ESF 7 Logistics) ▪ ESF 8 (Public Health & Medical Services) ▪ ESF 11 (Agriculture & Natural Resources) 1 | Pa g e (033026)

ESF #8

EMERGENCY SUPPORT FUNCTION 8: PUBLIC HEALTH AND MEDICAL SERVICES

•

ESF 8

▪ ESF 12 (Energy) ▪ ESF 13 (Public Safety, Security & Evacuation) ▪ ESF 14 (Long-Term Recovery) ▪ ESF 15 (Public Affairs) o Coordinating: ▪ ESF 5 (Information & Planning) In the Recovery Phase: o Supporting: ▪ ESF 5 (Information & Planning) ▪ ESF 6 (Mass Care, Emergency Assistance, Housing, Human Services) ▪ ESF 11 (Agriculture & Natural Resources) ▪ ESF 14 (Long-Term Recovery) ▪ ESF 15 (Public Affairs) o Coordinating: ▪ ESF 5 (Information & Planning)

1. Purpose 1.1 Emergency Support Function (ESF) #8 – Public Health & Medical Services coordinates the provision of medical care and the dissemination of public health information necessary to support an emergency response or recovery effort or other disaster assistance initiative. 1.2 Disasters have the capacity to produce large numbers of fatalities. The profound effects of mass fatalities on both loved ones and the entire community, and the ability to coordinate and obtain the needed fatality management resources are critical emergency response functions of Cowlitz County jurisdictions. Primary Core Capability Response Mission Area Provide fatality management services, including decedent remains recovery and victim identification, and work with local, state, tribal, and Federal authorities to provide mortuary processes, temporary storage or Fatality Management Services permanent internment solutions, sharing information with mass care services for the purpose of reunifying family members and caregivers with missing

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ESF #8

ESF 8

EMERGENCY SUPPORT FUNCTION 8: PUBLIC HEALTH AND MEDICAL SERVICES

persons/remains, and providing counseling to the bereaved.

Public Health, Healthcare, & EMS

Provide lifesaving medical treatment via Emergency Medical Services and related operations and avoid additional disease and injury by providing targeted public health, medical, and behavioral health support and products to all affected populations.

Primary Core Capability Recovery Mission Area

Health and Social Services

Restore and improve health and social services capabilities and networks to promote the resilience, independence, health (including behavioral health), and well-being of the whole community.

Support Core Capability Response Mission Area

Public Information & Warning

Operational Coordination

Establish and maintain a unified and coordinated operational structure and process that appropriately integrates all critical stakeholders and supports the execution of Core Capabilities. Provide transportation (including infrastructure access and accessible transportation services) for response priority objectives, including the evacuation of people and animals and the delivery of vital response personnel,

Critical Transportation

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ESF #8

ESF 8

EMERGENCY SUPPORT FUNCTION 8: PUBLIC HEALTH AND MEDICAL SERVICES

equipment, and services into the affected areas. Environmental Response/Health & Safety

Logistics & Supply Chain Management

Conduct appropriate measures to ensure the protection of the health and safety of the public and workers, as well as the environment, from all hazards in support of responder operations and the affected communities. Deliver essential commodities, equipment, and services in support of impacted communities and survivors, to include emergency power and fuel support, as well as the coordination of access to community staples. Synchronize logistics capabilities and enable the restoration of impacted supply chains. Provide life-sustaining and human services to the affected population, to include hydration, feeding, sheltering, temporary housing, evacuee support, reunification, and distribution of emergency supplies.

Mass Care Services

2. Policies and Authorities 2.1. Policies 2.1.1

Priority is given to LIP: Life safety, Incident Stabilization, and Property protection (preservation).

2.1.2

The Cowlitz County Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS) provides guidance to political jurisdictions, agencies and individuals on basic public health principles involving safe drinking water, home and office air quality, food sanitation, personal hygiene, and proper disposal of human waste, garbage and infectious or hazardous waste spills.

2.1.3. Local jurisdictions will activate mutual aid agreements when their resources are depleted or committed. Additional state and federal assistance will be requested through the Cowlitz County Emergency Operations Center (EOC) and coordinated and provided through the Washington State Military 4 | Pa g e (033026)

ESF #8

ESF 8

EMERGENCY SUPPORT FUNCTION 8: PUBLIC HEALTH AND MEDICAL SERVICES

Department, Emergency Management Division (WAEMD)/State Emergency Operations Center (SEOC), when local public and private resources have been exhausted. 2.1.4. State coordinated health and medical assistance to local jurisdictions is directed by the Washington Military Department through the Secretary of Health or the designated representative. 2.1.5. The Coroner has jurisdiction over the bodies of the deceased. 2.1.6. Cowlitz County jurisdictions will follow policies regarding the removal of human remains authorized by the Cowlitz County Coroner or designee and protocols established in this plan. 2.1.7. Human remains will be treated with the utmost respect and dignity during the collection and removal process. In addition, personnel involved in the collection, removal, and transportation of human remains must use the appropriate levels of protective equipment to prevent any injury or exposure to pathogens.

2.2 Authorities 2.2.1. Revised Code of Washington (RCW) 43.20.050(5) – In part, this Code states that all police officers, sheriff’s deputies, and other officers and employees of the state or any county, or city shall enforce all rules adopted by the State Board of Health. 2.2.2. RCW 70.05.060 – This Code outlines the powers and duties of the local Board of Health which has supervision over all matters pertaining to the preservation of the life and health of the people within its jurisdiction. 2.2.3. RCW 70.05.070 – This Code explains the powers and duties of the local Health Officer, who shall control and prevent the spread of any dangerous contagious or infectious disease that may occur in his/her jurisdiction. 2.2.4. Washington Administrative Code (WAC) 246-101-425 – This Code explains the responsibilities of the general public. In part, it states that members of the general public shall cooperate with public health authorities in the investigation of cases and suspected cases and cooperate with the implementation of infection control measures including isolation and quarantine. 5 | Pa g e (033026)

ESF #8

EMERGENCY SUPPORT FUNCTION 8: PUBLIC HEALTH AND MEDICAL SERVICES

ESF 8

2.2.5. WAC 246-101-505 – This Code outlines the duties of the local Health Officer or the local Health Department. In part, it states that local health officers shall review and determine the appropriate action for instituting disease prevention and infection control, isolation, detention, and quarantine measures necessary to prevent the spread of communicable disease, invoking the powers of the courts to enforce these measures when necessary.

3. Situation Overview 3.1. A significant disaster event may cause injuries to a considerable number of people, produce physical or biological health hazards throughout the affected area, and create a widespread need for medical care and/or public health assistance and guidance.

3.2. A mass fatality incident is defined as any situation when there are more fatalities than can be managed in a timely and professional manner using the normally available local resources to address a single incident or multiple incidents.

3.3. Such incidents may be a result of, but not limited to, natural or man-caused events including fire, flood, hurricane, tornado, earthquake, weapons of mass destruction (WMD’s), bomb/blast, chemical, nuclear, biological, pandemic, structural collapse, and transportation disasters.

3.4. Deaths resulting from acts of homicide, suicide, or accident, and those constituting a public health hazard, fall in the jurisdiction of the Coroner.

3.5. The extent of damage to the public infrastructure of the affected area, in addition to the condition of the transportation network in the area (including air transport), will influence the strategy or ability to provide support. The extent of damage to medical, mental health, and extended care facilities within the affected area will influence the strategy and ability to coordinate care and provide appropriate treatment. 3.6.

The large number of casualties resulting from a disaster incident will overwhelm the capabilities of emergency response agencies to meet the needs of the situation. Medical supplies (including pharmaceuticals) and equipment may likely be in short supply. Disruptions in local communications and transportation systems may prevent timely re-supply.

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ESF #8

EMERGENCY SUPPORT FUNCTION 8: PUBLIC HEALTH AND MEDICAL SERVICES

ESF 8

3.7. Hospitals, nursing homes, pharmacies, and other medical/health care facilities may be structurally damaged or destroyed. Even those facilities which survive with little or no structural damage may be rendered unusable or only partially usable because of damage to, or reduction of utilities (power, water, sewer), because staff are unable to report for duty due to personal injuries, or damage or disruption of communication and transportation systems. Medical and health care facilities which remain in operation and have use of the necessary utilities and staff will probably be overwhelmed by the "walking wounded" and seriously injured victims who are transported there in the immediate aftermath of the occurrence. In the face of massive increases in demand and the damage sustained, medical supplies (including pharmaceuticals) and equipment will likely be in short supply. Most health care facilities maintain inventory stock to meet their normal patient needs only. Disruptions in local communications and transportation systems could prevent timely resupply.

3.8. The psychological effects of a natural or man-made disaster or a public health event could have a severe impact on the community well. The implications of such an event could cause panic among a much wider population than is actually affected. There may be greater numbers of people seeking treatment than those that have actually been physically harmed. These individuals are referred to as the “Worried Well.” Health facilities still in operation will most likely be overwhelmed by many incoming patients, including the “Worried Well” from the community, as well as patients transferred from damaged or endangered health care facilities.

3.9. Uninjured persons who require daily maintenance medications or treatment (e.g., insulin and dialysis) may have difficulty in obtaining these services because of damage or destruction of normal supply locations and general shortages within the disaster area.

3.10. Although other disasters such as fires and floods do not generate the casualty volume of a major earthquake, a noticeable emphasis on health may exist for relocation, shelters, vector control, running water, wastewater, and solid waste facilities. Pets, livestock, and wild animals may also be affected, and may become a health and safety problem.

3.11. An emergency resulting from an explosion, toxic gas, radiation, or biological release could occur and may not damage the local medical system. However, such an event could produce a very significant occurrence of specialized injuries that would overwhelm the local jurisdiction's medical system, and/or would result in the 7 | Pa g e (033026)

ESF #8

EMERGENCY SUPPORT FUNCTION 8: PUBLIC HEALTH AND MEDICAL SERVICES

ESF 8

contamination of medical treatment personnel or medical facilities, which – in turn could reduce or eliminate the ability of those personnel or facilities to continue providing aid.

3.12 Cowlitz County has a Multi-Casualty Incident (MCI) Plan. This plan is produced by the Cowlitz County Emergency Medical Program Director. This ESF incorporates the CCMCI Plan.

4. Concept of Operations 4.1.

When there is potential for, or the occurrence of a significant emergency or disaster, Cowlitz County Emergency Management is to be notified. This notification could be to advise of a need for some level of activation of the Cowlitz County Emergency Operations Center (EOC), or to pass on a request for assistance to the State. 4.1.1. When activated, the Cowlitz County Director of Emergency Management will request necessary personnel to staff the EOC. 4.1.2. Depending on the situation, the Cowlitz County Department of Health & Human Services (DHHS), medical facilities, and response agencies will be notified of the potential for or the occurrence of the event. This may be done by Cowlitz 911, any response agencies, or the EOC staff. However this notification takes place, the EOC is to verify that it has been completed. 4.1.3. Medical and public health facilities, response agencies, and support agencies will activate their own emergency or disaster procedures as needed for the potential or actual event and will maintain communication with the EOC for situational awareness. 4.1.4. In the event of a public health emergency where the DHHS has activated their incident response, the Local Emergency Response Coordinator (LERC) or designee will notify the Director of Emergency Management and the Washington State Secretary of Health of the activation.

4.2.

Once the EOC is operational, all ESF 8 response and recovery activities will be directed by the EOC. DHHS is the lead agency for ESF 8 Public Health, Medical Services.

4.3.

Necessary support agencies and organizations will be notified and requested to provide 24-hour representation to the EOC or be available by direct communication. 8 | Pa g e

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EMERGENCY SUPPORT FUNCTION 8: PUBLIC HEALTH AND MEDICAL SERVICES

ESF 8

Each support agency and organization are responsible for ensuring that sufficient staff are available to support the EOC and conduct the activities tasked to their agency or organization on a continuous basis. Individuals staffing the EOC, or acting as liaison with the EOC, need to have extensive knowledge of the resources and capabilities of their respective agencies or organizations, and have access to the appropriate authority for committing those resources during response and recovery operations.

4.4.

The Cowlitz County Emergency Management and DHHS staff will maintain communication and coordination with response agencies, medical and health facilities, and other organizations and officials to identify current and projected medical and public health status and requests for assistance. Written situation reports will assist other EOC staff, and other officials with a need for this information.

4.5.

Response agencies and health care facilities will report their needs or potential needs to the EOC. Medical and health needs that cannot be met with local and regional resources and mutual aid will be directed to the Washington State Military Department, Emergency Management Division (WAEMD)/State Emergency Operations Center (SEOC). WAEMD/SEOC may provide advice or technical assistance, and they may provide direct support with personnel, equipment, and/or supplies.

4.6.

Fatality Management 4.6.1. The Cowlitz County Coroner’s Office shall be notified of any reportable death in Cowlitz County. The on-duty or on-call Deputy Coroner will first make notification to the Coroner and then respond to the incident. Upon evaluation of initial information and/or surveying the scene, a determination will be made by the Coroner as to the level of initial response by the Coroner’s Office. It must also be acknowledged that the normal day-to-day operations of the Coroner’s Office must be satisfied. 4.6.2. At the discretion of the Coroner, temporary Deputy Coroners may be sworn in with limited and temporary jurisdiction. Medical professionals, emergency services personnel, and Funeral Directors may be utilized as temporary Deputies in the event of a mass fatalities or pandemic event. 4.6.3. The coroner will maintain direct contact with local, county, state, and federal officials regarding a possible declaration of disaster.

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ESF #8

EMERGENCY SUPPORT FUNCTION 8: PUBLIC HEALTH AND MEDICAL SERVICES

ESF 8

4.6.4. The Cowlitz County Coroner’s Office has established three levels of response to a mass fatality incident within figure 1 below. The Coroner will determine what level is warranted based on the information available at that time. The level of response may be upgraded or downgraded, as necessary.

Level 1

• Coroner will determine the number of personnel to be called out to the scene and ensure that normal daily office functionality is maintained. Staff will be activated to respond to the scene or put on standby only. • Most activities will be managed “inhouse” except for a few certain limited tasks. Morgue operations will take place at the county morgue and/or local hospital morgues. Autopsies will be performed by standing policy and protocol. A Family Assistance Center (FAC) may be activated with the assistance of the American Red Cross and Emergency Management.

Level 2

• Upon further evaluation by the Coroner and staff, a Level 2 response would still include the actions and notifications as indicated in Level 1. • Determine a location for a holding morgue and/or a temporary morgue. • At this point, a DMORT activation would only be considered if any of the following three criteria are met: o An act of terrorism o A federally declared disaster. o A transportation accident resulting in the loss of 20 or more lives. • Upon further evaluation by the Coroner and staff, a Level 3 response would still include notifications and activations as indicated in Level 1 and Level 2.

Level 3

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ESF #8

EMERGENCY SUPPORT FUNCTION 8: PUBLIC HEALTH AND MEDICAL SERVICES

ESF 8

• Make additional notifications to the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA), the National Funeral Directors Association, and DMORT response.

4.7.

Whole Community Involvement 4.7.1. A successful Whole Community public health and medical services program assesses local assets and capabilities; bolsters identified weaknesses and supports locally driven solutions. This includes, but is not limited to, inclusive disaster planning, supporting local response organizations and processes, developing partnerships with supportive groups and agencies, and ensuring a place at the table for government, residents, NGOs, businesses, churches, advocacy organizations, and other stakeholders. 4.7.2. The Whole Community includes populations with individuals with disabilities and Access and Functional Needs (AFN). Any agency or organization that receives federal funding is required to have a plan or policy for addressing the needs of individuals with Limited English Proficiency (LEP), pursuant to Title VI, the Civil Rights Act. The Washington State Emergency Management Division and this ESF expect all agencies and organizations to comply with federal law. For more information on how each agency or organization complies with federal law, please contact the individual agency or organization. 4.7.3. ESF #8 recognizes that inclusion and accessibility is about more than language translation. Inclusion and accessibility mean a concerted effort to engage populations with limited English proficiency (LEP), disabilities, or other conditions that limit access to recovery services, and to promote effective resource accessibility – that is, that no impacted individuals face a unique burden in securing resources for which they qualify, and that are available to others.

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ESF #8

EMERGENCY SUPPORT FUNCTION 8: PUBLIC HEALTH AND MEDICAL SERVICES

4.9.

ESF 8

Critical Tasks Mission Area

Critical Task I.D.

Critical Tasks

Fatality Management Services 1

Establish and maintain operations to recover a significant number of fatalities over a geographically dispersed area.

Mitigate hazards from remains, facilitate care to survivors, and return remains for final disposition.

Critical Task I.D.

Critical Tasks

Response

Mission Area

Public Health, Healthcare, & EMS

Response

Mission Area

Deliver medical countermeasures to exposed populations.

Complete triage and initial stabilization of casualties and begin definitive care for those likely to survive their injuries and illnesses.

Return medical surge resources to pre-incident levels, complete health assessments, and identify recovery processes.

Critical Task I.D.

Critical Tasks

Operational Coordination

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EMERGENCY SUPPORT FUNCTION 8: PUBLIC HEALTH AND MEDICAL SERVICES

ESF 8

maintain as needed throughout the duration of an incident. Enhance and maintain command, control, and coordination structures consistent with the National Incident Management System (NIMS) to meet basic human needs, stabilize the incident, and transition to recovery.

2 Response

Mission Area

Critical Task I.D.

Critical Tasks

Public Information & Warning Inform all affected segments of society of critical lifesaving and life-sustaining information by all means necessary, including accessible tools, to expedite the delivery of emergency services and aid the public to take protective actions.

Response

Mission Area

Critical Task I.D.

Critical Tasks Critical Transportation Ensure basic human needs are met, stabilize the incident, transition into recovery for an affected area, and restore basic services and community functionality.

Response

Mission Area

Critical Task I.D.

Critical Tasks

Environmental Response/Health & Safety

1 Response

Identify, assess, and mitigate worker health and safety hazards, and disseminate health and safety guidance and resources to response and recovery workers. 13 | P a g e

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ESF 8

EMERGENCY SUPPORT FUNCTION 8: PUBLIC HEALTH AND MEDICAL SERVICES

Mission Area

Minimize public exposure to environmental hazards through assessment of the hazards and implementation of public protective actions.

Critical Task I.D.

Critical Tasks

1 Response

Enhance public and private resource and services support for an affected area.

Mission Area

Critical Task I.D.

Critical Tasks Mass Care Services

Response

Move and deliver resources and capabilities to meet the needs of disaster survivors, including individuals with access and functional needs.

Mission Area

Critical Task I.D.

Critical Tasks

Health, Public Health, and Social Services 1

Identify affected populations, groups, and key partners in short-term, intermediate, and longterm recovery

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ESF #8

ESF 8

EMERGENCY SUPPORT FUNCTION 8: PUBLIC HEALTH AND MEDICAL SERVICES

Recovery

Restore health care (including behavioral health), public health, and social services functions.

Restore and improve the resilience and sustainability of the health care system and social service capabilities and networks to promote the independence and wellbeing of community members in accordance with the specified recovery timeline.

5. Organization 5.1.

The ESF #8 position is staffed by the Cowlitz County Department of Health & Human Services (DHHS), or designee. Personnel assigned to this position are recommended by the DHHS Director, or designee, and coordinated through Cowlitz County Emergency Management Director, or designee. The ESF #8 position, when activated, operates in the Cowlitz County EOC. This position is the link to the medical service operations in the field and the public health of the entire county.

5.2.

The ESF #8 position provides subject-matter expertise to other EOC positions. Based on potential need, this ESF may operate on a 24-hour basis. Supporting agencies have representatives available at the EOC or by telephone on a 24-hour basis while ESF #8 is operational.

5.3.

Emergency Medical Services 5.3.1. Fire/EMS agencies and other EMS providers are the lead agencies for the coordination of EMS disaster planning. 5.3.2. Upon request, or upon the occurrence of a disaster, the EMS staff should report to the Cowlitz County EOC. Appropriate staffing should be determined, depending upon the situation, to cover 24-hour operations if needed.

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EMERGENCY SUPPORT FUNCTION 8: PUBLIC HEALTH AND MEDICAL SERVICES

ESF 8

5.3.3. Cowlitz County has identified Saint John Medical Center (SJMC) as medical control on a day-to-day basis. That facility shall maintain control of the incident for the duration. 5.3.4. Upon occurrence of a disaster, SJMC should assess damages to the facility, condition and availability of staff, condition of patients, resource inventory information to include pharmaceutical supplies, communication capabilities, and bed space. This information should be relayed as soon as possible to the WATrac system, and Region 4 Public Health. WATrac is a web-based healthcare resource tracking and alert system for statewide collaboration. 5.3.5. Emergency medical staffing and supplies not available in Cowlitz County may be requested through existing mutual aid or through the State Emergency Operations Center (SEOC). These requests should be coordinated through the Cowlitz County EOC. 5.3.6. Private ambulance organizations may provide emergency medical transportation. Additional transportation requirements may be coordinated by the EOC.

5.4.

Health District 5.4.1. During an incident that threatens the health and/or sanitation condition of the residents of the county, the DHHS will provide health and sanitation services for the community or arrange for the coordination thereof. 5.4.2. If the threat to public health is of such magnitude that supplemental assistance is necessary (i.e., Declaration of a State of Emergency), the state and federal government may provide such assistance communicated via WebEOC or by direct request to the Director, State Department of Health. This request should be coordinated through the Cowlitz County EOC.

5.5.

Mortuary Services 5.5.1.

The Cowlitz County Coroner’s Office has jurisdiction over the bodies of the deceased within Cowlitz County.

5.5.2.

Local funeral directors and other designated personnel may assist in the processing of human remains at the discretion of the Cowlitz County Coroner. 16 | P a g e

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ESF 8

5.5.3.

If local resources for proper handling and disposition of the deceased are exceeded, the state and/or federal government may provide supplementary assistance for the identification, movement, storage, and disposition of the deceased. The Cowlitz County Coroner may make a request for such assistance to the State Department of Health. This request should be coordinated through the Cowlitz County EOC.

5.5.4.

The Coroner may designate temporary morgues if the normally established morgues are overwhelmed and may coordinate with local funeral directors to identify staff to support these temporary morgues. The Coroner is responsible for notifying local agencies of the locations of morgues and coordinating transportation of the deceased to these sites. This should be coordinated with the Cowlitz County EOC.

5.5.5.

If no authorized Coroner staff is available due to the circumstances of the event, remains should be covered, removed to a secure location (chilled, if possible), and the circumstances of death documented. If appropriate, care should be given to not disturb the death scene for later documentation of evidence.

5.5.6.

Law enforcement may assist the coroner in notification of the next of kin following a mass fatality incident. The American Red Cross and/or the Chaplains’ Service may assist both the coroner and law enforcement by providing emotional support and spiritual care during these notifications.

6. Direction, Control, and Coordination 6.1.

Cowlitz County has identified for the provision of on-line medical control on a dayto-day basis, the Saint John Medical Center (SJMC) as medical control. The facility will monitor the patient load at medical facilities and action will be taken to moderate the influx of patients at all available treatment sites.

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EMERGENCY SUPPORT FUNCTION 8: PUBLIC HEALTH AND MEDICAL SERVICES

ESF 8

6.2.

Circumstances may require special advisory groups of subject matter experts to be assembled by the Cowlitz County EOC due to the potential complexity of the health and medical response. They would review health and medical intelligence information and advise regarding specific strategies to be employed to appropriately manage and respond to a specific situation.

6.3.

Throughout the response and recovery activities, the Cowlitz County EOC should evaluate and analyze medical and public health assistance requests and responses and develop and update assessments of medical and public health status. The Cowlitz County EOC should attempt to confirm the actual need upon receiving conflicting or questionable requests. The Cowlitz County EOC will maintain accurate and extensive logs to support after-action reports and other documentation of the event conditions.

6.4.

Public service announcements will be released widely offering health and safety guidance, through the lead Public Information Officer (PIO) or Joint Information Center (JIC), if established.

7. Information Collection, Analysis, and Dissemination 7.1.

Information collection on public health and/or medical services status will be coordinated through ESF #8 and the Cowlitz County EOC or other designated point as appropriate to the incident.

7.2.

The local Incident Commander (IC) or designee is responsible for providing situation reports and periodic updates to keep the EOC informed. The EOC, the DHHS, or a designee, shall provide situation reports to local support agencies/jurisdictions and the Washington State Emergency Management Division (WAEMD) – State Emergency Operations Center (SEOC) as appropriate.

7.3.

Jurisdiction, agency, private-sector, non-governmental, and volunteer organization representatives within the EOC will assist with meeting the information collection, verification, analysis, and dissemination needs/methods of the JIC and the EOC. This will include maintaining contact with their local PIOs for reports and updates.

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ESF #8

EMERGENCY SUPPORT FUNCTION 8: PUBLIC HEALTH AND MEDICAL SERVICES

ESF 8

7.4.

Some incoming public health or medical services information/requests (e.g., expenditures and contracts) into the EOC may require a vetting process through the Policy Group (MACG) and the EOC Manager due to legal, policy, ethical, or other concerns.

7.5.

The EOC will be responsible for collection, verification, analysis, and dissemination of the latest incident information and resources.

8. Responsibilities Response Mission Area Core Capability

Fatality Management Services

Critical Task I.D.

Activity / Action

Establish / maintain operations to recover fatalities over a geographically dispersed area &and coordinate designated locations for temporary morgues in coordination with the Cowlitz County Department of Health & Human Services (DHHS).

Fatality Management Services

Organizations(s) Name

Cowlitz County Coroner’s Office

Mass fatality incidents will be considered “crime scenes” unless it can be positively proven otherwise. Coordinate search, location, and recovery for fatality victims including body parts and personal effects.

Cowlitz County Coroner’s Office

Coordinate release and disposition of human remains.

Cowlitz County Coroner’s Office

Coordinate a Family Assistance Center (FAC) mobilization in the early stages of the mass fatality incident including security.

Cowlitz County Coroner’s Office

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EMERGENCY SUPPORT FUNCTION 8: PUBLIC HEALTH AND MEDICAL SERVICES

Provides for victim identification and mortuary services in coordination with DHHS, St. John Medical Center, EMS, and Cowlitz County Emergency Management.

Cowlitz County Coroner’s Office

Coordinate for multiple mass casualty processing stations (if needed) for mass fatality scenarios.

Cowlitz County Coroner’s Office

Establish a disaster records management system for the victims separate from normal office records.

Cowlitz County Coroner’s Office

Coordinate the implementation of the Strategic National Stockpile Program, if needed.

Cowlitz County DHHS

1, 2

Provide assessments of hospital capabilities and damages and provide acute-care medical services.

1, 2

Ensure out-patient and/or home health medical services/resources are mobilized through standard contract procedures.

Clinics - Public and Private

Coordinate and/or provide mental health services for the community and emergency responders during and following the emergency.

Clinics - Public and Private

Function as the coordinating agent for all health-related and medical resources; develop operations assignments, and direct deployment.

Cowlitz County DHHS

Fatality Management Services

1, 2

Fatality Management Services

1, 2

Fatality Management Services Public Health, Healthcare, & EMS Public Health, Healthcare, & EMS Public Health, Healthcare, & EMS Public Health, Healthcare, & EMS Operational Coordination

Operational Coordination

1, 2

Provide logistics support through the EOC for mobilizing medical resources.

Saint John Medical Center Clinics - Public and Private

Cowlitz County Coroner’s Office EMS Cowlitz County DHHS

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ESF 8

EMERGENCY SUPPORT FUNCTION 8: PUBLIC HEALTH AND MEDICAL SERVICES

Operational Coordination

Assist in the review and maintenance of this annex.

Cowlitz County Coroner’s Office EMS Cowlitz County DHHS

Operational Coordination

Public Information & Warning Public Information & Warning

Critical Transportation

Environmental Response/Health & Safety Environmental Response/Health & Safety

1, 2

Provide qualified representatives to serve as ESF #8 coordinators at the county level and conduct support and coordination to serve Incident Command.

Cowlitz County Coroner’s Office EMS Cowlitz County DHHS Emergency Management

Provide public information and education through the Cowlitz County EOC PIO, or JIC, if established.

All Primary and Support Organizations

Coordinating information dissemination and support for the Limited English Proficiency and functional needs populations.

Cowlitz County DHHS

Provide available emergency personnel and equipment to stabilize the incident.

Assist with transition into recovery for an affected area and restore basic services and community functionality.

Emergency Management Sheriff’s Office & City Police County & City Public Works County Fire Agencies & Longview Fire County & City Public Works

Provide health and safety guidance and resources to responders and recovery workers regarding any biological and/or chemical contamination hazards.

Cowlitz County DHHS

Minimize public exposure to environmental hazards through assessment of public water systems and inspection of temporary food facilities.

Cowlitz County DHHS

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Environmental Response/Health & Safety

Have training and equipment to treat and decontaminate victims of an event.

ESF 8

County Fire Agencies & Longview Fire Saint John Medical Center

Logistics & Supply Chain Management

1, 2

Logistics & Supply Chain Management

Mass Care Services

Provide emergency medical transportation resources and support in the Cowlitz County EOC. Activate mutual aid agreements if local resources and normal re-supply methods are inadequate. If this is inadequate or unavailable, then requests for aid are to be made to WAEMD/SEOC.

Acquaint and assist families with available health resources and services, in coordination with Cowlitz DHHS.

Assist with a Family Assistance Center upon request by supplying mental health professionals and spiritual care volunteers, security, in coordination with the Cowlitz County Department of Health & Human Services.

County Fire Agencies & Longview Fire Private Ambulance Providers All Primary Organizations Emergency Management American Red Cross Cowlitz County DHHS American Red Cross Cowlitz County DHHS Sheriff’s Office & City Police

Recovery Mission Area Core Capability Health and Social Services

Critical Task I.D.

Activity / Action

Organizations(s) Name

Coordinating information dissemination and support for the Limited English Proficiency and functional needs populations.

All Primary Organizations

Participate in the after-action review process of the disaster/emergency response

All Primary Organizations

Emergency Management

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Health and Social Services

3, 4

to develop a comprehensive recovery timeline. Coordinate and/or support recovery activities consistent with their organization missions and capabilities.

Emergency Management All Primary and/or Support Organizations

9. Resource Requirements Resources

Providers

Desktop or laptop WebEOC login (Guest Account) Contact Master List (phone, email) Internet and drive access Home agencies’ SOPs Desk phone Two-way radio

Training

Providers

G0191 – ICS-IMT/EOC Interface ICS 100, 200, 700, 800 ICS 300, 400 Position-Specific training G2300

Cowlitz Emergency Management, WAEMD Cowlitz Emergency Management, FEMA - IS Cowlitz Emergency Management, WAEMD Cowlitz Emergency Management, WAEMD Cowlitz Emergency Management, WAEMD

10. Reference and Supporting Plans ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪

ESF 1 (Transportation) ESF 4 (Firefighting) ESF 5 (Emergency Management) ESF 6 (Mass Care, Emergency Assistance, Housing, Human Services) ESF 7 (Logistics and Resource Support) ESF 10 (Oil and Hazardous Materials) ESF 11 (Agriculture & Natural Resources) ESF 13 (Public Safety, Law Enforcement, Security) ESF 15 (Public Affairs) Washington State Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan (CEMP) – ESF #8 National Incident Management System (NIMS), 3rd Edition, October 2017

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11.

ESF 8

Terms and Definitions 11.1. WATrac – A web-based system that serves two important roles for healthcare organizations in Washington State: 1) daily tracking of facility status and bed availability and, 2) incident management and situational awareness during a disaster response. WATrac provides tools for organizations to track resources, locate available trauma care, notify partners of emergency events, communicate on-line in real-time, identify vulnerabilities, share documents, and export system data in reports. 11.2. WebEOC – Software designed to bring real-time crisis information management to local, state, and federal EOCs. Secure access to details of operations in the local jurisdiction, neighboring jurisdictions, including regional, state, and national data vital to the efficient management of any contingency (e.g., weather trends, satellite images, mapping information, and local, regional, or national resource status).

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ESF 9

EMERGENCY SUPPORT FUNCTION 9: SEARCH AND RESCUE

Search and Rescue Emergency Support Function (ESF) G Coordinating: • Cowlitz County Sheriff’s Office • Cowlitz County Emergency Management Primary: • Cowlitz County Sheriff’s Office • Cities’ Police Departments • County and City Fire Agencies Support: • Cowlitz County Emergency Management • ARES/RACES – Cowlitz Auxiliary Communications Service (ACS) • Cowlitz County GIS • National Weather Service (NWS) • Cowlitz County Coroner’s Office • Civil Air Patrol (CAP - USAF/aux.) • United State Coast Guard (USCG) The following Emergency Support Functions (ESF) or Recovery Functions support or coordinate with this ESF 1 (Transportation): • In the Response Phase: o Supporting: ▪ ESF 2 (Communications) ▪ ESF 4 (Firefighting) ▪ ESF 7 Logistics) ▪ ESF 15 (Public Affairs) o Coordinating: ▪ ESF 5 (Emergency Management)

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ESF 9

EMERGENCY SUPPORT FUNCTION 9: SEARCH AND RESCUE

2. Purpose 2.1 Emergency Support Function #9 Search & Rescue (SAR) coordinates the elements of specialized lifesaving search and rescue operations in the event of a major disaster or emergency. Operational activities include locating, extricating, and providing on-site medical assistance to victims who are missing or trapped in collapsed structures. Primary Core Capability Response Mission Area

Mass Search & Rescue Operations

Deliver traditional and atypical search and rescue capabilities, including personnel, services, animals, and assets to victims and survivors in need, with the goal of saving the greatest number of endangered lives in the shortest time possible.

Primary Core Capability None

3. Policies 2.1. The Cowlitz County Sheriff's Office is responsible for search and rescue operations which include searching for people injured during emergencies and disasters.

2.2 RCW 38.52.400 (1) – The Incident Command System (ICS) shall be used for multiagency/multi-jurisdiction Search and Rescue (SAR) operations.

2.3. SAR operations are initiated, coordinated, and directed by the Cowlitz County Sheriff’s Office in accordance with state and local jurisdiction plans. However, one political subdivision may not be able to provide the necessary equipment or sufficient numbers of trained personnel to successfully conduct a SAR mission. Requests for additional resources including specific skills, expertise, or equipment are coordinated by Washington State Military Department, Emergency Management Division (WEMD)/State Emergency Operations Center (SEOC).

2.4. Land and Urban SAR will normally be the responsibility of the Cowlitz County Sheriff’s Office within Cowlitz County - RCW 38.52.400(1)

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2.5. RCW 47.68.380 – Air SAR for missing or downed civil aircraft is the responsibility of the State Department of Transportation / Aviation Division, which may involve the local Civil Air Patrol and/or the U.S. Coast Guard.

2.6. The emergency management director shall work in a coordinating capacity directly supporting all search and rescue activities and in registering emergency search and rescue workers for employee status.

3. Situation Overview 3.1. The wide range of and easy access to outdoor recreational activities in Cowlitz County and the growing number of people who participate in those activities result in a considerable number of people becoming lost and/or injured or killed every year.

3.2. In situations that entail structural collapse, large numbers of people may require rescue and medical care. Because the mortality rate among trapped victims rises dramatically after 72 hours, Search and Rescue must be initiated without delay.

3.3. Rescue personnel may encounter extensive damage to the local infrastructure, such as buildings, roadways, public works, communications, and utilities. In some circumstances, rescue personnel may be at risk from terrorism, civil disorder, or crime.

3.4. Large numbers of residents and volunteers may initiate activities to assist in SAR operations and may require coordination and direction.

3.5. Earthquake aftershocks, secondary events, and/or other hazards (e.g., fires, landslides, flooding, and hazardous materials) may compound problems and further threaten disaster victims and rescue personnel.

3.6. Weather conditions such as temperature extremes, snow, rain, and high winds may pose additional hazards for disaster victims and rescue personnel.

4. Concept of Operations 4.1.

The chief law enforcement officer of a political subdivision (county or city) is responsible for local SAR operations. As such, the Cowlitz County Sheriff’s Office is responsible for SAR operations in the unincorporated areas of Cowlitz County and 3 | Pa g e

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may, by agreement or upon request, support SAR operations in the cities in Cowlitz County.

4.2.

Additional SAR resources may be requested through the State Emergency Management Division (EMD) duty officer. The EMD duty officer provides the coordination for such outside resources.

4.3.

If urban search and rescue capabilities are needed, this may be accomplished through mutual aid with jurisdictions that have this specialized capability, or, if they are impacted by a major event, through a request to the state for additional resources from the National Urban Search and Rescue Response System (USAR).

4.4.

Whole Community Involvement 4.4.1. ESF #9 partner agencies and organizations reflect the population of Washington. ESF #9 is supported by multiple local and state agencies, many of which have volunteer emergency worker programs to serve the residents and population within Cowlitz County. 4.4.2 The emergency management director coordinates direct support for SAR operations and registers volunteers in accordance with the provisions of Chapter 118-04 WAC. Local programs also provide training and education for volunteer SAR units as well as for the organization and deployment of SAR resources, to include Urban Search and Rescue (US&R), within the fire service. 4.4.3 Many of the local agencies and organizations that support ESF #9 engage a wide range of stakeholders in program development and training operations, in accordance with and within the limitations of their respective enabling legal authorities, missions and funding sources. ESF #9 partner agencies routinely engage many other organizations in their daily operations and training missions. 4.4.4 This ESF communicates with the Whole Community as needed during emergency response and disaster recovery operations. The Whole Community includes populations consisting of individuals with disabilities and Access and Functional Needs (AFN). Any agency or organization that receives federal funding is required to have a plan or policy for addressing the needs of individuals with Limited English Proficiency (LEP), pursuant to Title VI, the Civil Rights Act. The Washington State Emergency Management Division and this ESF expect all agencies and organizations to comply with federal law. For more information on how each agency or organization complies with federal law, please contact the individual agency or organization. 4 | Pa g e

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EMERGENCY SUPPORT FUNCTION 9: SEARCH AND RESCUE

Mission Area

Critical Task I.D.

Critical Tasks

Mass Search & Rescue Operations

Response

Conduct search and rescue operations to locate and rescue individuals in distress.

Initiate community-based search and rescue support operations across a wide and geographically dispersed area.

Ensure the synchronized deployment of local, regional, and national teams to reinforce ongoing search and rescue efforts and transition to recovery.

5. Organization 5.1.

The ESF #9 position is staffed by the Cowlitz County Sheriff’s Office. Personnel assigned to this position are approved by the Sheriff or designee. The ESF #9 position, when activated, operates in the Cowlitz County EOC and is a member of the Emergency Responders Branch within the Operations Coordination Section reporting to the Emergency Responders Branch Director or Operations Coordination Section Chief. This position is the link to the SAR operations in the field.

5.2.

The ESF #9 position provides subject-matter expertise to other EOC positions. Based on potential need, this ESF may operate on a 24-hour basis. Supporting agencies have representatives available at the county EOC or by telephone on a 24hour basis while ESF #9 is operational.

6. Direction, Control, and Coordination 6.1.

Local government Incident Commanders (IC) where the emergency occurs will exercise tactical direction and control of SAR activities within that jurisdiction. The Cowlitz County Sheriff’s Office will typically be the lead organization for search and rescue operations in unincorporated areas. Fire departments/services will likely 5 | Pa g e

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EMERGENCY SUPPORT FUNCTION 9: SEARCH AND RESCUE

be the lead organization within any building structure areas or urban search and rescue scenarios.

6.2.

The IC, or designee, will coordinate with Cowlitz County Emergency Management, who is responsible for implementing the County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan (CEMP). Each jurisdiction or coordinating organization shall establish Standard Operating Guidelines (SOGs) to control and direct response and recovery actions.

6.3.

In cases where local resources to contend with an emergency do not exist or have been depleted, the affected IC, in coordination with Cowlitz County Emergency Management, should coordinate county support first and then request assistance from the State EOCs. Resources made available to the local government will be under the operational control of the Chief Elected Official (CEO) or designee, (i.e., an Incident Commander). When the resource mission is completed, the Cowlitz County Emergency Operations Center and/or Cowlitz County Emergency Management will be notified, and the resource returned for other assignment.

6.4.

If the needed response exceeds these local capabilities, the CEO of the local jurisdiction may declare a “State of Emergency” to expedite access to resources needed to cope with the incident.

6.5.

Cowlitz County Emergency Management is responsible for the proper functioning of the EOC during emergency operations. Emergency Management also acts as a liaison with state and federal emergency agencies, and neighboring counties. The EOC is the central point for coordinating emergency response and recovery actions. The purpose of this central point is to ensure harmonious response when the emergency involves more than one political entity and several response agencies.

6.6

Department/agency heads and other officials legally administering their office may perform their emergency function(s) on their own initiative if, in their judgment, the safety or welfare of the population is threatened. The EOC and/or Emergency Management should be notified as soon as possible.

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ESF 9

8. Information Collection, Analysis, and Dissemination 8.1.

Information collection regarding search and rescue operation status will be coordinated through ESF #9 and the EOC or other designated points as appropriate to the incident.

8.2.

The local Incident Commander (IC) or designee is responsible for providing situation reports and periodic updates to keep the EOC informed. The EOC’s ESF #9 Coordinator, or designee, shall provide situation reports to local support agencies/jurisdictions and the Washington State Emergency Management Division (WAEMD) – State Emergency Operations Center (SEOC) as appropriate.

7.3.

Jurisdiction, agency, private-sector, non-governmental, and volunteer organization representatives within the EOC will assist with meeting the information collection, verification, analysis, and dissemination needs/methods of the JIC (if activated) and EOC. This will include maintaining contact with their local incident PIOs for reports and updates.

7.4.

Some infrastructure services and information/requests (e.g., expenditures and contracts) coming into the EOC may require a vetting process through the Policy Group (MACG) and the EOC Manager due to legal, policy, ethical, or other concerns.

7.5.

The EOC will be responsible for collection, verification, analysis, and dissemination of the latest incident information and resources.

9. Responsibilities Response Mission Area Core Capability Mass Search & Rescue Operations

Critical Task I.D.

Activity / Action

Organizations(s) Name

Obtain an initial SAR situation and damage assessment through established intelligence procedures; determines the appropriate management response to meet the request for assistance.

Cowlitz County Sheriff’s Office Emergency Management

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ESF 9

Mass Search & Rescue Operations

Provides weather data and forecasts to determine the potential feasibility and/or continuation of SAR activates

National Weather Service

Provides communication linkages to or from the Cowlitz County EOC, as requested.

ARES/RACES Auxiliary Communications Support (ACS)

Mass Search & Rescue Operations

1, 2

Aids in the aerial and ground SAR operations.

Provides personnel, resources, and equipment to aid the search and rescue effort.

WSDOT/AD Civil Air Patrol U.S. Coast Guard

Cowlitz County Sheriff’s Office County and City Fire Agencies Cities’ Police Departments Cowlitz County Sheriff’s Office

Mass Search & Rescue Operations

Establish communication links with support agencies and field rescue units.

Mass Search & Rescue Operations

Provide logistics support through the EOC for mobilizing resources for SAR.

Emergency Management

Ensure there are adequate, qualified representatives available to provide EOC shift-relief at appropriate intervals.

Cowlitz County Sheriff’s Office

Mass Search & Rescue Operations Mass Search & Rescue Operations Mass Search & Rescue Operations

Coordinate public information through ESF #15 (Public Affairs).

2, 3

Determine availability of SAR teams throughout the county and in neighboring counties.

Emergency Management

Emergency Management Cowlitz County Sheriff’s Office Emergency Management Cowlitz County Sheriff’s Office Emergency Management

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EMERGENCY SUPPORT FUNCTION 9: SEARCH AND RESCUE

Mass Search & Rescue Operations

2, 3

Coordinate resource needs, and determine and resolve, as necessary, issues regarding resource shortages and resource ordering issues.

Mass Search & Rescue Operations

2, 3

Establish liaison with ESF #5 to facilitate the sharing of information.

Mass Search & Rescue Operations

2, 3

In coordination with ESF #8 (Public Health and Medical Services), assist in decedent recovery.

Mass Search & Rescue Operations Mass Search & Rescue Operations

2, 3

Manage SAR teams and taskforces deployed within the county.

1, 2, 3

Function as the coordinating agent for all related resources; assist in development of operations assignments and assist in deployment.

Cowlitz County Sheriff’s Office Emergency Management Cowlitz County Sheriff’s Office Emergency Management Cowlitz County Coroner’s Office Cowlitz County Sheriff’s Office Emergency Management Cowlitz County Sheriff’s Office Emergency Management

10. Resource Requirements Resources

Providers

Desktop or laptop WebEOC login (Guest Account) Contact Master List (phone, email) Internet and drive access Home agencies’ SOPs Desk phone Two-way radio

Training

Providers

G0191 – ICS-IMT/EOC Interface ICS 100, 200, 700, 800 ICS 300, 400 Position-Specific training G2300

Cowlitz Emergency Management, WAEMD Cowlitz Emergency Management, FEMA - IS Cowlitz Emergency Management, WAEMD Cowlitz Emergency Management, WAEMD Cowlitz Emergency Management, WAEMD

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ESF 9

11. Reference and Supporting Plans ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪

ESF 2 (Communications) ESF 3 (Public Works and Engineering) ESF #4 (Firefighting) ESF 5 (Emergency Management) ESF 7 (Logistics and Resource Support) ESF 13 (Public Safety, Law Enforcement, Security) Washington State Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan (CEMP) – ESF #9 RCW 38.52.010 (19) – Definition of “Search and Rescue” RCW 38.52.400 – Powers and duties of local officials RCW 47.68.380 – Aerial search and rescue WAC 118-04-080 – Registering emergency workers

12. Terms and Definitions 12.1. Land Search and Rescue (SAR) – Conducts search, rescue, and recovery in land and wilderness environments through use of aircraft and ground vehicles for support, transportation, and evacuation in non-technical terrain.

12.2. Urban Search and Rescue (USAR) – Involves the location, rescue (extrication), and initial medical stabilization of individuals trapped in confined spaces. It is considered a "multi-hazard" discipline as it may be needed for a variety of emergencies or disasters. Structural collapse is most often the cause for people being trapped, but individuals may also be trapped in transportation accidents, mines, and collapsed trenches.

12.3. Air Search and Rescue (ASAR) – The Washington Department of Transportation (WSDOT) is responsible for the coordination and management of aerial search and rescue within the state. This includes coordinating aircraft for disaster response & recovery when requested.

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EMERGENCY SUPPORT FUNCTION 10: OIL C HAZARDOUS MATERIALS RESPONSE PLAN

ESF 10

Oil G Hazardous Materials Response Plan Emergency Support Function (ESF) 10 Coordinating: • Cowlitz County Fire Agencies • Cowlitz County Emergency Management Primary: • Cowlitz County Fire Agencies • Washington State Patrol • Washington State Department of Ecology Support: • Cowlitz County Law Enforcement Agencies • Cowlitz County Department of Emergency Management • Cowlitz County Health & Human Services • Cowlitz County 9-1-1 Communications Center • Local Emergency Planning Committee • EMS Agencies • County and Municipal Public Works Departments • SW Clean Air Agency • Washington State Emergency Management Division • River Cities Transit • Fixed Facilities • Transportation Companies • United States Coast Guard • Vancouver Fire Department • Washington State Department of Transportation • Washington National Guard Homeland Response Force

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EMERGENCY SUPPORT FUNCTION 10: OIL C HAZARDOUS MATERIALS RESPONSE PLAN

ESF 10

The following Emergency Support Functions (ESF) or Recovery Functions support or coordinate with this ESF 10 (Oil & Hazardous Materials Response Plan): • In the Response Phase: o Supporting: ▪ ESF 1 (Transportation ▪ ESF 3 (Public Works & Engineering) ▪ ESF 5 (Emergency Management) ▪ ESF 7 (Logistics) ▪ ESF 8 (Public Health & Medical Services) ▪ ESF 11 (Agriculture & Natural Resources) ▪ ESF 12 (Energy) ▪ ESF 14 (Long-Term Recovery) o Coordinating: ▪ ESF 5 (Emergency Management)

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ESF 10

TABLE OF CONTENTS I.

ACRONYMS ...................................................................................................................4

II.

PURPOSE ........................................................................................................................6

III.

SCOPE .............................................................................................................................6

IV.

POLICIES AND LEGAL AUTHORITIES ....................................................................7

SITUATION AND ASSUMPTIONS ...............................................................................9

VI.

CONCEPT OF OPERATIONS.......................................................................................9

VII.

RESPONSIBILITIES ...................................................................................................24

VIII.

PLAN TESTING AND MAINTENANCE ....................................................................32

IX.

REFERENCES ..............................................................................................................33

APPENDIX A – INITIAL INCIDENT OBJECTIVES.................................................35

XI.

APPENDIX B – CRUDE OIL SPILL ...........................................................................37 A.

PURPOSE ......................................................................................................................37

SCOPE ...........................................................................................................................37

PLAN APPROVAL, REVIEW AND UPDATES..........................................................38

CONCEPT OF OPERATIONS.....................................................................................38

POLICIES, PROCEDURES AND OPERATIONS ......................................................39

PUBLIC EDUCATION AND OUTREACH .................................................................42

CRUDE OIL SPILL REFERENCE DOCUMENTS ....................................................42 CRUDE OIL SPILL SUBAPPENDIX A: .................................................................43 CRUDE OIL SPILL SUBAPPENDIX B ..................................................................44 CRUDE OIL SPILL SUBAPPENDIX C: .................................................................46 CRUDE OIL SPILL SUBAPPENDIX D: .................................................................48 CRUDE OIL SPILL SUBAPPENDIX E ..................................................................49

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ACRONYMS 9-1-1

Cowlitz County 9-1-1 Communications Center

ALS

Advanced Life Support

ARC

American Red Cross

BNSF

Burlington Northern Santa Fe

CAA

Clean Air Act

CCDEM

Cowlitz County Department of Emergency Management

CCSO

Cowlitz County Sheriff’s Office

CCHHS

Cowlitz County Health & Human Services

CEMP

Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan

CERCLA

Comprehensive Environmental Response Compensation & Liability Act

CWA

Clean Water Act

DNR

Department of Natural Resources

DOSH

Division of Occupational Safety and Health

DOT

Department of Transportation

EAS

Emergency Alert System

ECNS

Emergency Community Notification System

EHS

Extremely Hazardous Substance

EMS

Emergency Medical Services

EOC

Emergency Operations Center

EPA

Environmental Protection Agency

EPCRA

Emergency Planning & Community Right-to-Know Act

ESF

Emergency Support Function

GRP

Geographic Response Plans

HMERP

Hazardous Materials Emergency Response Plan

Incident Commander

ICP

Incident Command Post

ICS

Incident Command System

JIC

Joint Information Center

JIS

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LEPC

Local Emergency Planning Committee

LOSC

Local On-Scene Coordinator

MCI

Mass Casualty Incident

MFSA

Maritime Fire & Safety Association

NCP

National Contingency Plan

NIMS

National Incident Management System

NRC

National Response Center

NRP

National Response Plan

NRDA

National Resource Damage Assessment

NWACP

Northwest Area Contingency Plan

OSC

On-Scene Coordinator

OSHA

Occupational Safety & Health Administration

RCP

Regional Contingency Plan

RCT

River Cities Transit

RCW

Revised Code of Washington

Responsible Party

Reportable Quantity

SDS

Safety Data Sheet

SARA

Superfund Amendments & Reauthorization Act

SERC

State Emergency Response Commission

SIP

Shelter-In-Place

SJMC

St. John Medical Center

SOSC

State On-Scene Coordinator

SWCAA

Southwest Clean Air Agency

TICP

Tactical Interoperable Communications Plan

USCG

United States Coast Guard

WAC

Washington Administrative Code

WISHA

Washington Industrial Safety & Health Act

WSDOT

Washington State Department of Transportation

WSEMD

Washington State Emergency Management Division

WSP

Washington State Patrol

ESF 10

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II. PURPOSE This plan describes the responsibilities, coordination, and procedures for responding resources and services to emergency threats to life, property, and the environment caused by the release of hazardous materials within the geographic area of Cowlitz County, Washington and provides guidance for hazardous materials incident notification and response. This plan also describes off-site emergency planning/notification procedures as required by the Superfund Amendments and Reauthorization Act (SARA) Title III, and the Emergency Planning & Community Right to Know Act (EPCRA), hereafter referred to as SARA and EPCRA, respectively. During a hazardous materials incident, the objectives of this plan are to facilitate: • Identification of vulnerable areas, sites, and facilities. • Appropriate response by responders. • Coordination of responders and acquisition of resources. • Timely warning and notification of affected populations. • Notification of agencies and jurisdictions for response and recovery. III. SCOPE A. Relationship of Plans 1. This Emergency Support Function 10 (ESF 10) Hazardous Materials Emergency Response Plan (HMERP) is an annex of the Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan (CEMP) for Cowlitz County and its cities. This annex will be referred to herein as HMERP. 2. HMERP complies with Washington State CEMP and Federal plans. 3. The HMERP is based on the ESF format and does not “stand alone,” therefore some components will be covered by other ESFs and other elements of the CEMP. 4. The HMERP will also coordinate with the following plans and primary agencies: a. Washington State CEMP, Washington State Emergency Management Division

(WSEMD), Washington State Department of Ecology (Ecology). b. Washington State CEMP, ESF 10 Hazardous Materials Annex. c. National Oil and Hazardous Substances Pollution Contingency Plan, more

commonly known as the National Contingency Plan (NCP), Federal Agencies. d. Regional Contingency Plan (RCP), EPA, Region X. e. The Northwest Area Contingency Plan (NWACP), NW Area Committee. f.

Geographic Response Plans (GRPs), USCG.

B. How to Use This Plan 1. Activation of this plan should begin if: a. Casualties or injuries occur due to a hazardous materials incident.

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b. Evacuation is necessary due to a hazardous materials incident, especially outside a

facility boundary. c. A facility or transporter requests assistance with hazardous materials response

beyond the capabilities of their own resources. d. A facility or transporter is required to make warning, notification, or reports under

Emergency Planning, Community Right to Know Act (EPCRA) or Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act (CERCLA). e. A hazardous materials release or a potential for release may, or does, involve

multiple jurisdictions or agencies. 2. This plan is intended to: a. Outline the responsibilities and procedures for responding to emergency threats to

life, the environment and property caused by release of hazardous materials within the geographic area of Cowlitz County, Washington. b. Define roles and responsibilities of facilities, transporters, jurisdictions, and

agencies. c. Provide guidance to stakeholders. d. Coordinate local response and stakeholder plans with this plan. e. Be used in response, consistent to this plan, by all stakeholders. f.

Define agency, jurisdiction, facility and transporter roles and responsibilities.

g. Coordinate training and exercises, policies and procedures, protocols, checklists,

and guidelines to be consistent with this plan. IV. POLICIES AND LEGAL AUTHORITIES A. Legal Authority and Responsibility for Responding 1. This plan is developed, promulgated, and maintained according to federal, state, and local statutes and regulations for ESF 10 Hazardous Materials, as an annex to the CEMP of Cowlitz County and its cities. 2. Each of the departments, agencies, jurisdictions, and organizations assigned responsibilities in the plan will be responsible for their own legal responsibilities, obligations, and reporting requirements. B. Federal Statutes and Regulations 1. Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act (CERCLA or Superfund). 2. Superfund Amendments and Reauthorization Act (SARA) Title III, Emergency Planning and Community Right-To-Know Act (EPCRA). 3. Clean Air Act (CAA) Amendments, Section 112(r). 7 | Pa g e (033026)

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4. Clean Water Act (CWA). 5. Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Regulations, 29CFR1910. C. State Statutes and Regulations 1. Revised Code of Washington (RCW): a. Emergency Management, Chapter 38.52 RCW. b. Hazardous Substance Information Act, Chapter 70.102 RCW. c. Incident Command Agencies, 70.136.030 RCW. d. Washington Industrial Safety and Health Act (WISHA), Chapter 49.17 RCW.

2. Washington Administrative Code (WAC): a. Local Emergency Management/Services Organizations, Plans and Programs,

Chapter 118-30 WAC. b. Hazardous Chemical Emergency Response Planning and Community Right-To-

Know Reporting, Chapter 118-40 WAC. c. General Occupational Health Standards, Chapter 296-62 WAC.

e. Emergency Response, Chapter 296-824 WAC. d. Hazardous Waste Operations, Chapter 296-843 WAC. D. Local Statutes and Regulations 1. Cowlitz County Interlocal Emergency Management Agreement between Cowlitz County and the cities of Castle Rock, Kalama, Kelso, Longview, and Woodland. 2. Cowlitz County Ordinance 04-008 codified in Chapter 7.10 of the Cowlitz County Code. E. Mutual Aid Agreements 1. Homeland Security Region IV Mutual Aid Agreement. 2. Cowlitz County Fire Automatic Aid Agreement. 3. Hazardous Materials Response Agreement between Cowlitz 2 Fire & Rescue and contracted properties. 4. Permit Number SW-147, State of Washington, Department of Natural Resources (DNR). F. Limitations 1. It is neither implied nor should it be inferred that this plan guarantees a perfect emergency or disaster response will be practical or possible. While every reasonable effort will be made to respond to emergencies or disasters, resources and or systems may be overwhelmed. Response delays, for example, can be caused by extreme weather conditions, location, storage and/or dispersal of the appropriate response equipment, or limitations of alert and warning systems to the community. 8 | Pa g e (033026)

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2. Responders will endeavor to coordinate their plans with, and respond according to, this plan. 3. Each agency, facility and jurisdiction will respond to the limits of its capabilities at the time of an incident. V. SITUATION AND ASSUMPTIONS A. A broad variety of hazardous materials are manufactured, used, stored, and transported in and through Cowlitz County on a daily basis. B. These materials are a part of our economy but present threat to life, property and the environment if not properly controlled. C. There are highways, main arterial roads, rail lines, pipelines, and flight paths across Cowlitz County on which hazardous materials are transported. D. Accidental release of hazardous materials can occur suddenly, without warning, allow little or no time to respond, and may overwhelm the facility, transporter, or local jurisdiction’s ability to respond adequately. E. The entity having legal responsibility for the hazardous material at the time of release is referred to as the ‘Responsible Party.’ F. Initial emergency notification, response, and recovery to a hazardous materials incident will be made by the Responsible Party, but may require coordinated efforts from neighboring facilities, transporters, local government and even state or federal entities. G. All responders will assist with the collection of information for identification of the Responsible Party. H. When a Responsible Party is known they will be informed, when practical, of the incident and be provided with information for follow-up reporting. VI. CONCEPT OF OPERATIONS A. Only when the local jurisdiction, facility, and agency resources are exhausted will state, regional, and federal assistance be requested. B. Responding agencies and jurisdictions will use the National Incident Management System (NIMS) Incident Command System (ICS). C. ICS is required for the management of personnel and resources from initial response through to termination of the hazardous materials incident (see RCW 70.136.030). Minimally, documentation of the incident using ICS forms is encouraged starting with completion of an ICS 201 Incident Briefing form. D. Emergency Warning Methods 1. Fixed Facility Localized Alarms. A fixed facility may utilize a combination of one or more of the following: a. Siren or other audible alarm.

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b. Flashing lights. c. Reader boards. d. Localized radio broadcast.

2. Emergency Alert System (EAS): a. The EAS warning is an electronic text and audio message relayed through

the television and radio media. b. The information is received only if the intended audience is listening to

radio or watching television. c. Broadcasts must be less than two minutes. d. Used only when other warning methods would be ineffective. e. Must specify the geographic area affected. f.

Must specify the expected duration of the incident.

g. Must specify protective actions to be taken by the public.

3. Emergency Community Notification System (ECNS): a. The ECNS warning is an automated telephone messaging system that can

issue a recorded voice message to a defined area. It must be initiated by an authorized official, and the IC must approve the message. b. The message will normally be delivered in English. c. ECNS can only reach landline telephones or “opted-in” phones capable of

receiving the automated message. d. The system will not reach 100% of households in the notification area. e. Must not be used unless other warning methods would be ineffective. f.

Must specify protective actions to be taken by the public.

4. Media Release(s): a. An urgent media release may be issued via any practical means, including

FlashNews, to relay information quickly to the media. b. A media release may contain any amount of detail about the incident that is

confirmed. c. If used as a warning, it must specify protective actions to be taken by the

public. 5. Door-to-Door Notification: a. Designated individual(s) may go door-to-door in an affected area to warn

the community. Because this notification is staff intensive it may not be an option during an emergency.

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b. The safety of the individual(s) conducting the notifications is of prime

importance. An alternate notification method should be used if personnel cannot be adequately protected during door-to-door notifications. 6. Non-Automated Telephone Contact: Designated individual(s) may make personal phone calls to listed or known phone numbers in the affected area. Because this notification is staff intensive, it may not be an option during an emergency. 7. Roles and Responsibilities for Emergency Warning: a. The Responsible Party (RP) will: (1) Activate the RP’s emergency response plan. (2) Where pre-existing lists or “phone trees” are part of a facility

emergency plan, every effort should be made to utilize prior agreements to generate the expected warning to the public. (3) At a minimum notify 9-1-1, to dually notify the LEPC CCDEM Duty

Officer, even if the situation is not perceived as a life threatening or dangerous incident. b. Incident Commander (IC): (1) The IC shall with haste initiate a request to notify the public of the

emergency after confirming the threat necessitates public warning. (2) The IC or delegate shall make a determination of which warning

method would be most appropriate and effective. (3) The IC or delegate shall provide the details necessary to write the script

for the warning message. c. Cowlitz County Department of Emergency Management (CCDEM) (1) CCDEM shall maintain and test the EAS and ECNS warning capability

to ensure reliability in an emergency. (2) Upon request by the IC, CCDEM shall assist in issuing the emergency

warning. E. Emergency Response 1. Initial Notification of Response Agencies: a. Release is recognized: (1) As determined by facility and reported by facility’s Emergency

Coordinator in accordance with their emergency response plan. (2) As determined by transporter and reported according to transportation

emergency response plans, EPCRA and/or DOT regulations. (3) If reported by responder or public according to standard Cowlitz 9-1-1

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(4) If the quantity released is greater than the CERCLA Reportable

Quantity (RQ). (5) If the quantity released is greater than the RQ listed under Section 313

of SARA Title III. (6) If off-site migration of a released substance is determined. Appropriate

methods include but are not limited to: (a) On-site environmental monitoring station (wind speed and

direction, air temperature, etc.) (b) Computer plume-modeling software. (c) Automated air monitoring equipment mounted at strategic locations

on site. (d) Hand-held air monitoring equipment. (e) Respond to and advise reports of off-site complaints of chemical

odors or health symptoms. (f) If the RP determines a released substance has, or may migrate off-

site, they must immediately call 9-1-1 for emergency notification. b.

Notifications required are as follows: (1) Notify 9-1-1 immediately for all non-permitted releases of hazardous

materials that meet one or more of the following criteria: (a) Release is uncontrolled and has the potential to migrate off-site. (b) Release occurs while in transit off-site. (c) Release creates a significant safety or health risk, on- or off-site. (d) Release is beyond the scope of on-site resources, responders'

certified training, or the facility’s emergency response plan. (2) NOTE: Additional and updated general information about reporting

requirements, required forms, and complete references are available on Ecology’s website: http://www.ecy.wa.gov/programs/spills/other/reportaspill.htm Information about pre- and post-incident reporting requirements can be found at: http://www.ecy.wa.gov/programs/hwtr/reportingrequirements.html (3) Ecology’s Southwest Regional Office and the Cowlitz County Health &

Human Services (CCHSS) must be notified immediately if dangerous waste or hazardous substances are spilled or discharged and threatens human health or the environment regardless of quantity. (4) NRC must be notified immediately if release reaches CERCLA

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(5) NRC, SERC, and LEPC must be notified immediately if release reaches

RQ under Section 313 of SARA Title III. The LEPC notification can be completed by contacting 9-1-1. 9-1-1 will notify appropriate response agencies and the CCDEM Duty Officer. (6) Ecology and the NRC must be notified immediately if any oil or

hazardous substances, regardless of quantity, are discharged to waters of the state including lakes, rivers, ponds, streams, underground water, storm water systems, sewers and all other surface water and watercourses. (7) Follow-up report(s) must be sent to the LEPC within 14 days if release

is at or above RQ under Section 313 of SARA Title III. (8) See below “Table: Notification Requirements” for required

notifications:

NOTIFICATION REQUIREMENTS By Reporting Party Requirement Immediate for all releases impacting public health and safety Immediate for releases impacting health or the environment

Immediate for all releases at or above the CERCLA reportable quantity

Agency Contact

24-hour number

9-1-1 and Public Safety Agencies

9-1-1

Ecology Southwest Regional Office

360-407-6300

LEPC CCDEM Duty Officer

9-1-1

NRC Emergency Center

800-424-8802

SERC WSEMD

800-258-5990

ADDITIONAL NOTIFICATION FOR SPILL LOCATION If Spill Occurs On or To Surface water, coastal navigable waters (Columbia River to Bonneville Dam)

Agency Contact USCG

24-hour number 503-240-9325

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Surface water, inland waters

EPA

503-326-3250

Surface water, air, or any major threat to public health

CCHHS Duty Officer

360-414-5599

State roadways

WSP

360.992.4000

State roadways

WSDOT SW Region Traffic Management Center

360-759-1300

Burlington Northern Railroad

9-1-1

Union Pacific

NRC: 800-424-8802

Longview Switching

9-1-1

Patriot Rail

OERS: 800-452-0311

Port of Longview

9-1-1

Air

Southwest Clean Air Agency (SWCAA)

800-633-0709

Surface water or sewer system inside incorporated boundary

Appropriate water or wastewater agency (public works or Three Rivers Regional Wastewater)

As appropriate

DNR lands

DNR SW Region

800-527-3305

Rail rights-of-way

After Hours call 9-1-1

2. Direction and Control: a. Emergency Coordinator Identification: (1) The CCDEM Director or designee serves as Duty Officer and will be

contacted via 9-1-1. (2) Facility Emergency Coordinators (found on the Tier II reports) are kept on

file at CCDEM. The Facility Emergency Coordinators will be contacted using the provided (Tier II) phone numbers. b. Designated On-scene Authority: To ensure effective coordination of the various emergency response units at the scene, it is the responsibility of the on-scene official to act as the IC for their jurisdiction: (1) State and Interstate roadways fall under the Senior Washington State

Patrol Trooper. (2) Navigable Waterways fall under the Senior USCG Officer or

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(3) Areas other than state and interstate roadways and waterways fall under

the Senior Fire Official. (4) State Waters fall under the Department of Ecology On-Scene Coordinator. (5) Inland Waterways fall under the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency

(EPA). (6) Those specified by agreement listed in section c, below.

c. Designation of Incident Command Agency: (1) In Cowlitz County, the incident command agency for hazardous materials

incidents within each jurisdiction is listed in “Table: Cowlitz County Hazardous Materials Incident Command Agencies.” (a) Letters of incident command designation are on file with WSEMD.

Cowlitz County Hazardous Materials Incident Command Agencies Jurisdiction

Agency Designee

Cowlitz County Fire District 1

Washington State Patrol

Cowlitz County Fire District 2

Cowlitz 2 Fire & Rescue

Cowlitz County Fire District 3

Washington State Patrol

Lewis-Cowlitz County Fire District 20 (Ryderwood)

Washington State Patrol

Cowlitz County Fire District 5

Cowlitz County Fire District 6

Washington State Patrol

Cowlitz County Fire District 7

Washington State Patrol

City of Longview

Longview Fire Department

City of Kalama

Cowlitz County Fire District 5

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City of Castle Rock

Washington State Patrol

City of Woodland

Clark-Cowlitz Fire & Rescue

Port of Kalama

Cowlitz County Fire District 5

Port of Longview

Longview Fire Department & Washington State Patrol

Port of Woodland

Clark-Cowlitz Fire & Rescue

All State and Interstate Highways and all areas in FPDs where IC is relinquished

Washington State Patrol

Navigable Waters – Federal

USCG & Washington State Department of Ecology

Waters of the State of Washington

Washington State Department of Ecology

State Public Lands

Washington State Department of Natural Resources

Federal Public Lands

U.S. Forest Service

(2) Washington State Incident Command Agencies: (a) The Governor is legally responsible for directing and controlling all

state activities to protect the lives and property of citizens from the effects of disasters. (b) The WSEMD is responsible for coordinating operational support and

resources from adjacent states and the federal government. (c) Ecology is the pre-designated state agency for oil and hazardous

substance incidents on marine and fresh waters, and for inland spills where the WSP or Local On-Scene Coordinator (LOSC) has curtailed emergency response operations. In these instances, Ecology provides 16 | P a g e (033026)

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the state OSC to continue management of response and clean-up actions. (d) WSP is the incident command agency for all state and interstate

highways within Washington. d. Cowlitz County Emergency Operations Center (EOC): (1) The EOC may be activated in response to an emergency incident that

overwhelms or threatens to overwhelm the ability of local agencies to respond. (2) The EOC will be activated by the appropriate IC, Executive Head,

Cowlitz County Sheriff, or CCDEM Director or designee as specified in the EOC Plan. (3) Depending on the scope of the incident, additional EOCs may be

activated to coordinate incident response. e. Communications: (1) Public safety communication in Cowlitz County is predominantly via a

VHF radio system. This system also includes patches to 800 MHz communication channels used in Clark County. (2) During an incident frequency assignments are made according to: (a) Cowlitz County 9-1-1 protocols. (b) The Region 4 Tactical Interoperable Communications Plan (TICP).

F. Evacuation 1. Due to weather conditions, plume, and other variables, evacuation and alternative traffic routes cannot be completely determined in advance but are determined by the IC on-scene at the time of the incident. 2. Evacuation procedures and responsibilities are outlined in CEMP ESF 1. G. Containment and Cleanup 1. Techniques for release containment and cleanup: a. Incident site entry will be limited to trained personnel with appropriate

personal protective equipment. b. Decontamination procedures will be followed to limit area of contamination

and restrict spread to emergency responders, units, areas, and related facilities. c. The Responsible Party will reduce the risk to public health and the

environment; meet OSHA, Ecology, and EPA procedures, guidelines, and legal responsibilities. d. Hazardous materials will be identified, contained, recovered, and properly

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e. Transportation, facility, local, state, and federal requirements, regulations,

and procedures will be followed. f.

Use of NFPA 472, Standard for Competence of Responders to Hazardous Materials/Weapons of Mass Destruction Incidents, is recommended if other response procedures are not in place.

g. Documentation will be maintained by responding agencies, jurisdictions,

and parties. h. Confinement, containment, and clean-up operations should include planning

for restoration and mitigation of damages to the environment. i.

Planning for public health protection during this phase should be included in the recovery plan.

2. Decontamination: a.

Decontamination of casualties and first responder equipment will be under facility emergency operations officer and fire agency direction.

The set up and operation of decontamination stations will be according to facility and/or responding agency procedures.

Patients will be decontaminated, to the safest extent possible, before transport to a medical facility (according to Pre-hospital Care Protocols, Hazardous Materials Incident).

The hospital may conduct additional decontamination procedures according to facility protocols.

Health department official may declare a health emergency (under Chapter 70.05 RCW) to quarantine an area and force decontamination of victims who refuse necessary decontamination. This will only be considered to protect the public from certain danger.

Longview Fire Department and Vancouver Fire Department (VFD) Hazardous Materials Response Teams have portable decontamination facilities that can be transported to an incident scene.

3. Resources for Cleanup and Disposal: a.

May be specified by manufacturer of material, owner of release, RP, IC, or Ecology.

Hazmat Spill Contractor list is available from Ecology (see Section XIII References).

Available by contacting 9-1-1, WSP, USCG, or fire agencies.

4. Site Monitoring: a.

Monitoring the site or the location of the release is primarily the responsibility of the owner of the material or RP that caused the hazardous materials release. 18 | P a g e

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Response agencies have limited means for monitoring a hazardous material emergency.

C2F&R Type II Hazmat Team has responsibility for this function and will monitor to their level of capability.

If response agencies capabilities are exceeded, Ecology or the Superfund Technical Assessment and Response Team (EPA START) contractor may be requested to monitor emissions at the release site.

In some instances, the facility or transporter may have a greater ability and instrument-trained personnel to monitor the release and should be utilized to the maximum extent possible.

Several agencies have an interest in the level of contamination at a response site. These include: (1) Washington State Department of Health - Accommodations and

Residential Care Services. (2) CCHHS certifies re-occupancy of a residence following cleanup. (3) CCHHS Site Hazardous Assessment Program conducts initial

investigations of potentially contaminated sites for priority ranking and listing with the Ecology's Hazardous Waste Site Cleanup Program. (4) Washington State Department of Labor and Industries for Worker Safety

and Business Occupancy. (5) CCHHS for Accommodations and Residential Care. (6) Washington State Department of Ecology.

H. Documentation and Investigative Follow Up 1. Reporting Procedures: a.

The NRC, SERC, and LEPC must be notified when there is a release of a Reportable Quantity (RQ) of a hazardous substance or Extremely Hazardous Substance (EHS) into the environment according to CERCLA Section 103(a) and EPCRA Section 304.

b. The purpose of the notification is to alert government officials that an

emergency response may be needed to protect human health and the environment. c. Reporting a release does not free the RP from liability for cleanup costs.

2. Mechanics of Notification: a. To meet the requirements under EPCRA Section 304, the owner or operator

of a facility (including transport vehicles, vessels, and aircraft) must IMMEDIATELY report releases of hazardous substances and extremely hazardous substances (EHSs) to: (1) SERC: 800-258-5990

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(2) CCDEM Duty Officer: 9-1-1 (3) NRC: 800-424-8802 b. The notice to SERC and LEPC must include: (1) The chemical name or identity of any substance involved in the

release. (2) An estimate of the quantity released into the environment. (3) The time and duration of the release. (4) The medium or media into which the release occurred. (5) Any known or anticipated acute or chronic health risks associated with

the emergency and, where appropriate, advice regarding medical attention necessary for exposed individuals. (6) Proper precautions to take because of the release, including appropriate

protective actions. (7) The names and telephone numbers of the person(s) to contact for

further information. c. As soon as practicable or within 14 days after a release which requires notice

under EPCRA Section 304, the owner or operator of the facility is required to submit a written follow-up notice(s) to the affected LEPC(s) and SERC. d. This report must contain all information required in the initial notice plus: (1) Updated and additional information with respect to release. (2) Actions taken to respond to and contain the known or anticipated acute

or chronic health risks associated with the release. (3) Where appropriate, advice regarding medical attention necessary for

exposed individuals. (4) EPA strongly recommends that the cause of the release be reported in

the follow-up notice(s). 3. List of Required Reports: a. SDS listings required, SARA, Section 311 b. Tier II reports, under EPCRA, may be made available: (1) Digitally

by EPCRAMail, http://www.ecy.wa.gov/programs/hwtr/epcra/epcramail.html

(2) Submitted in hard copy or email/pdf format to the LEPC. c. Forms: (1) Tier Two Emergency and Hazardous Chemical Inventory Form

available at http://www.ecy.wa.gov (former no. OMB 2050-0072) http://www.ecy.wa.gov/epcra/reportingreq.html 20 | P a g e (033026)

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(2) Transportation Hazardous Materials Incident Report, form F 5800.1

(rev 01-2004) (OMB No 2107-0039Forms) http://hazmat.dot.gov/enforce/forms/ohmforms.htm#other d. In addition to notification of RQ release, a follow up report which includes: (1) Any updated and additional information with respect to actions taken

to respond to and contain the release. (2) Known or anticipated acute or chronic health risks associated with the

release. (3) Where appropriate, advice regarding medical attention is necessary

for exposed individuals. 4. Reasons for Required Reports: a. To alert government officials that an emergency response may be necessary

to protect public human health and the environment. b. The conditions that trigger notification to the SERC and LEPC under EPCRA

Section 304: (1) Occurs at a facility at which a hazardous chemical is produced, used,

or stored. (2) A release of a hazardous substance or extremely hazardous substance

into the environment with a potential to affect human health and the environment off-site that equals or exceeds a reportable quantity within a 24-hour period. c. Reports may be used to determine the Responsible Party. d. Reports will be used to improve relevant plans and or procedures. e. Chemical Safety and Hazard Investigation Board shall investigate, determine

and report to the public in writing the facts, conditions and circumstances and the cause or probable cause of any accidental release resulting in fatality, serious injury or substantial property damages [CAA 42 U.S.C. §7412, Section 112 ( r ) (6)]. f.

Persons in charge of facilities (including transport vehicles, vessels, and aircraft) are required to report any release of a hazardous substance (quantity greater than or equal to RQ) to the NRC (40 CFR 302.6 EPA).

g. Employers are required to investigate as soon as possible (but no later than

48 hours after) incidents which resulted or could reasonably have resulted in catastrophic releases of covered chemicals, 29 CFR 1910.119. h. Facilities covered by Process Safety Management are required to investigate

(no later than 48 hours after) incidents which did result or could reasonably have resulted in catastrophic releases of covered chemicals, (29CFR 1910.119). i.

Record keeping is required according to HAZWOPER (29CFR 1910.120). 21 | P a g e

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Reports of hazardous materials storage for applicable Fire and Building Codes, according to jurisdiction.

k. Fire Marshal’s codes, according to jurisdiction.

5. Form For Reports: a. In general, released documentation should be sufficient to: (1) Support full cost recovery for resources utilized. (2) Identify the source and circumstances of the incident. (3) Identify the responsible party or parties. b. Document impacts and potential impacts to public health, welfare, and the

environment. c. During all phases of response, the lead agency shall complete and maintain

documentation to: (1) Form the basis for cost recovery. (2) In general, documentation should be sufficient to: (a) Provide the source and circumstances of the release. (b) Identity of responsible parties. (c) Record response action taken. (d) Provide accurate accounting of federal, state, or private party

costs. (e) Document impacts and potential impacts on the public health and

welfare and the environment. (f) Record when the NRC received notification of a release of a

reportable quantity (40CFR300.160). 6. Response Mechanism Verification: a. Hazardous materials incident response will be reviewed by the LEPC to

identify lessons learned, and improvements to the HMERP and related plans. b. Participants will provide response information and their suggestions for

HMERP improvement. 7. Investigations: a. County and City Fire Marshals (1) Review and inspect storage, use and handling of hazardous materials. (2) Investigate the origin and cause of fires; be the lead agency in fire and

arson investigation involving hazardous materials.

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b. Cowlitz County Health Department (CCHHS) (1) Lead in providing information about the proper destruction or

decontamination of structures, vehicles, and property. (2) CCHHS Site Hazardous Assessment Program conducts initial

investigations of potentially contaminated sites for priority ranking and listing with the Department of Ecology's Hazardous Waste Site Cleanup Program. (3) Investigate complaints involving improper waste disposal practices or

hazardous waste spills resulting in potential contamination or exposure. (4) Provide public health education, makes recommendations for

protecting the public’s health and safety, and enforce environmental health rules and regulations. c. WSP

Investigate criminal acts on all roadways and highways within unincorporated Cowlitz County. d. Cowlitz County Sheriff’s Office (CCSO)

Investigate criminal acts within unincorporated Cowlitz County, including all roadways and highways. e. Municipal Law Enforcement Agencies

Investigate criminal acts within incorporated boundaries. 8. Provision For Cost Recovery: a. Responsible party, transportation company, or facility will make their own

arrangements for cost recovery. b. The responsible party pays for costs of responding agencies and jurisdictions. c. Responding agencies and jurisdictions will separately document costs

associated with the specific incident response. d. The Model Toxics Control Act may provide funding. e. CERCLA requires reporting of releases of hazardous substances, establishes

the liability of persons responsible for releases of hazardous substances, and establishes an EPA trust fund. f.

If no Responsible Party (RP) can be determined, EPA may provide funding through the Local Government Reimbursement Program (800-431-9209) for up to $25,000 in extraordinary local expenses for qualifying incidents.

g. EPA Form 9310-1, Application Package for Reimbursement to Local

Governments, will be used to apply for reimbursement; instructions and guidelines are included.

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VII. RESPONSIBILITIES A. All Response Agencies, Jurisdictions, Fixed Facilities, Transportation Companies (per DOT and federal guidelines) and RPs will: 1. Develop plans consistent with the Cowlitz County CEMP and the Cowlitz County ESF 10 HMERP. 2. Provide the primary resources for hazardous materials response, consistent with levels of training and capabilities. 3. Provide a representative to the Incident Command Post (ICP) and EOC when requested by the IC. 4. As directed by the IC, will coordinate public information, support, and representation at the authorized Joint Information Center (JIC). B. RP will: 1. Ensure timely notification of hazardous releases to all jurisdictions that may be affected. 2. Assure effective abatement of the release or threatened release of hazardous materials. 3. Be liable and responsible for the response and cleanup of affected jurisdictions and agencies, including fiscal impacts. 4. Respond according to Emergency Response Plans, OSHA Process Safety Management Standard, Risk Management Plan, and/or Mutual Aid Agreements. C. Fixed Facilities will: 1. Provide information for planning purposes to the Cowlitz County Local Emergency Planning Committee (LEPC). 2. Identify Facility Emergency Coordinator and provide contact information to LEPC. 3. Provide for worker safety and shutdown of operations as needed during a hazardous materials incident. 4. Ensure timely public warning and notifications of hazardous releases from facility. 5. Alert and coordinate activities with the LEPC in the event of a release of hazardous materials, especially concerning public alerts. 6. Notify the regulating authorities of the release, as appropriate. 7. Maintain and coordinate plans to comply with current regulations. 8. Those facilities subject to CAA 112(r) are requested to submit Response Management Plan (RMP) and/or Emergency Response Plan (ERP) to the LEPC for planning purposes. 24 | P a g e (033026)

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9. Develop and provide a Risk Management Plan and/or Facility Emergency Response Plan, which will determine policies and procedures for reporting releases to the LEPC. D. Transportation Companies will: 1. Respond to all hazardous materials incidents caused by their operations. 2. Respond to all hazardous materials incidents on their property. 3. Provide for worker safety and shutdown of operations as needed during hazardous materials incident. 4. Ensure timely public notifications of hazardous releases. 5. Notify the LEPC and other regulating authorities of a release of hazardous materials. 6. Maintain and coordinate emergency response plans to comply with current regulations. E. Local Government and Businesses: 1. Executive Heads will: a. Provide for continuity of government before, during and after a hazardous

materials incident. b. Adopt and enact emergency ordinances and policies; support appropriate

emergency expenditures. c. Keep the public informed during and after a hazardous materials incident. d. Release emergency information in coordination with ICP, EOC, and Public

Information Officers. 2. Local Law Enforcement Agencies will: a. Function as lead agency for evacuation and site security. b. Participate in decontamination. c. Provide crowd and traffic control. d. Investigate crimes related to a hazardous materials incident. e. Assist with warning and emergency information dissemination. f.

Assist with warning the public about evacuation routes and locations or notify public to Shelter-in-Place.

g. Provide a representative to the ICP and EOC as requested.

3. Local Fire Agencies will: a. Limit, isolate and recommend restricted entry to sites of hazardous materials incidents within Cowlitz County.

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b. Confine emergency spills and releases of hazardous solids, liquids, and gases consistent with their level of training and equipment. c. Investigate and report hazardous materials accidents. d. Where designated, in accordance with RCW 70.136.030, function as the incident command agency. e. Coordinate activities with other jurisdictions, facilities, transporters, and responders. f. Request technical support from hazardous materials response teams when necessary. 4. Emergency Medical Services: a. Emergency Medical Services (EMS) will: (1) Provide triage, pre-hospital, and EMS transportation. (2) Advise Incident Commander (IC) concerning transport and mass

casualty potential. (3) Assist with decontamination and transfer of patients to hospital

facilities. (4) Follow Cowlitz County EMS Pre-hospital Care Protocols. b. St. John Medical Center (SJMC) will provide care for patients involved in a

hazardous materials incident (see Cowlitz County Mass Casualty Incident Plan). c. Oregon Health Science University (OHSU) is the Disaster Medical Control Center (DMCC) for MCI events (see Cowlitz County Mass Casualty Response Plan). 5. Cowlitz 2 Fire & Rescue (C2F&R) Type II Hazardous Materials Response Team will: a. Respond to the level of their capability.

6. VFD Type I Hazardous Materials Response Team will: a. Respond to the level of their capability.

7. County & City Fire Marshals & Building Officials will: a. Enforce codes that ensure safe storage, use and handling of hazardous

materials according to the applicable Building and Fire Codes. b. End any dangerous or hazardous condition which poses an immediate

prospect of irreparable harm to life and property. 8. County & City Public Works will: a. Provide and transport sand and diking materials. b. Assist first responders by setting up barricades, signage, and other traffic

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c. Assess damages to roads, streets, bridges, and facilities. d. Provide heavy equipment and operators required for emergency operations. e. Control sewer, water and storm sewer lines, and associated pump stations.

F. CCDEM will: 1. Implement the ESF 10 Plan, as necessary. 2. Provide resource support at the request of the IC. 3. Coordinate public emergency alert and warning. 4. Coordinate planning, mitigation, response, and recovery phases of emergency planning 5. CCDEM Director or designee will: a. Authorize activation of the EOC and appoint the EOC Manager. b. Coordinate services for the protection of property and health from hazards

and risks resulting from an unintended release of hazardous substances. c. Coordinate and staff the EOC when activated. d. Activate Emergency Alert System (EAS), the ECNS, or other warning

systems, at request of the IC. e. Advise and assist elected officials with coordination, direction, and control of

emergency operations. f.

Coordinate the development of the Declaration of Emergency if necessary. Advise officials about emergency fiscal and administrative procedures and requirements provided by the Declaration of Emergency.

g. Notify, and if appropriate, establish liaison with affected organizations and

jurisdictions as needed. h. Coordinate and prepare requests for emergency resources to WSEMD or

federal agencies at the request of the IC. i.

Coordinate public information and press releases. Notify Ecology of releases and coordinate with Ecology on any cleanup, disposal, and recovery issues.

Support the IC with available response and recovery resources.

G. 9-1-1 will: 1. Dispatch fire, police, and emergency medical services (EMS). 2. Complete notifications and requests at the direction of the IC. 3. Notify CCDEM according to guidelines. 4. Maintain recordings and documentation of incidents. H. Medical Program Director will: 1. Develop and approve Cowlitz County Pre-hospital Patient Care Protocols. 27 | P a g e (033026)

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2. Direct pre-hospital patient care according to EMS Trauma Care Guidelines. I. Southwest Clean Air Agency will: 1. Enforce federal, state, and local outdoor air quality standards and regulations in Cowlitz County under the CAA. 2. Monitor air quality. 3. Investigate and document hazardous materials releases. 4. Monitor on-going release conditions and recovery activities. J. CCHHS will: 1. Become involved if there are human exposures or potential human exposures to hazardous materials releases. 2. If needed, respond to complaints involving spills to determine the extent of the problem and assess proper cleanup protocol as it relates to human health. 3. Conduct long-term disease surveillance of exposed people. 4. Coordinate with the IC concerning transfer of command when changing from initial response to recovery. 5. Provide for coordination of health and sanitation procedures at mass care facilities. 6. Monitor small public (Group B) water systems to ensure the safety of public water supplies. 7. Provide coordination of information with state and federal agencies. 8. Provide guidance regarding personnel protection, public health effects, and environmental impacts regarding unknown products. 9. Health Officer or designee would declare public health emergencies to protect the general public and issue public health advisories. 10. Through epidemiologic investigations, identify source of exposure to hazardous materials. 11. Enforce laws and regulations that protect health and ensure safety. 12. Educate the public about contaminants in soil, water, air, and food supply. 13. Promote ongoing coordination with and through Boards and Committees such as the LEPC. K. Cowlitz County LEPC will: 1. Coordinate maintenance of this plan. 2. Designate CCDEM Director or designee to function as Community Emergency Coordinator for the release of information pursuant to public EPCRA requests. 3. Maintain records of annual Tier II reports and other emergency documents required by law. These records are stored by CCDEM for 5 years. 28 | P a g e (033026)

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4. Provide information as required by EPCRA. 5. Provide resource information as needed. 6. Disseminate information concerning hazardous materials in the community. 7. Plan for hazardous materials incidents and exercise the plan. L. River Cities Transit when notified will: 1. Reroute buses as necessary during an emergency. 2. Provide mass transit resources, as necessary. M. Washington State: 1. The WSEMD will: a. Manage, update and coordinate with the Washington State CEMP. b. Maintain a 24-hour Duty Officer for coordination of state resources. c. Coordinate communications with local, state, and federal agencies.

2. Ecology will: a. Provide 24-hour emergency response to reported spill incidents. b. Represent state laws and interests in oil and hazardous substances incidents

by acting as the State On-Scene Coordinator (SOSC) in the Unified Command System. c. Coordinate response efforts with other local, state, and federal agencies. d. Determine the release source, cause, and RP. e. May assume responsibility for incident cleanup (in some cases in conjunction

with EPA) if the RP is unavailable, unresponsive, or unidentified. f.

Provide response advice and resource listings to RPs and responding agencies.

g. Coordinate Natural Resource Damage Assessment (NRDA) activities for the

state. h. Set cleanup standards for the incident in accordance with federal and state

law, and ensure that source control, containment, cleanup, and disposal are accomplished. (1) Serve as advisor for emergency responder equipment and training. (2) Serve as advisor for on-scene release response and environmental

clean-up. (3) Coordinate development, implementation, and maintenance of a

Community Right-to-Know Program according to EPCRA subsection 301(a). i.

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3. WSDOT will: a. Provide traffic control on state roads and interstates. b. Assist in evacuation route development and implementation as needed.

4. WSP will: a. Conduct safety inspections on vehicles transporting hazardous

materials/waste and enforce state and federal transportation regulations, Chapter 46.48 RCW. b. Provide technical assistance to shippers and carriers. c. Investigate accidents involving hazardous materials within its jurisdiction. d. Assist with identification of RP. e. Act as the incident command agency on state and interstate roadways during

hazardous materials events. f.

Function as the IC where designated, for those fire departments that recognize the WSP as the Incident Command agency for hazardous materials incidents.

g. Coordinate with jurisdictional law enforcement for evacuation and site

security. h. Provide crowd and traffic control when appropriate and as requested by the

IC. i.

Participate in decontamination.

Assist with warning and emergency information dissemination.

k. Provide a representative to the ICP and EOC as requested. l.

Provide training through the Office of the State Fire Marshal, Hazardous Materials Unit.

m. Conduct ongoing hazardous materials recognition and operations training for

WSP personnel and local fire, law enforcement, and EMS responders. 5. DNR will: a. Protect water resources on DNR lands. b. Provide access, information, and assistance to reduce and control the effects

of hazardous materials on DNR lands. 6. Washington State Department of Health, Office of Emergency Medical and Trauma Prevention, Washington Poison Control Center will: a. Provide statewide, 24-hour telephone information to the public and health

care providers regarding poisonings and suspected poisonings. b. Provide information regarding environmental and toxicological concerns.

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a. Enforce WISHA requirements and protections. Worker Right-To-Know Act

49.70 Hazard Communication Standard (HCS) Chapter 296-62 WAC, part C. b. Conduct inspections of facilities where hazardous materials are generated,

used, stored, disposed of, or destroyed (WA CEMP). N. Federal Agencies: 1. USCG will: a. Participate in ICS for releases of hazardous materials or petroleum products

occurring on navigable waterways. b. Provide a representative to the ICP and EOC as requested. c. Act under ESF 10 of the Federal Response Plan. d. Provide funding for response contractors when the responsible party is

unavailable, unresponsive, or unidentified. 2. EPA will: a. Review annual SARA 313 reports. b. Act under ESF 10 of the Federal Response Plan. c. Provide funding for response contractors when the responsible party is

unavailable, unresponsive, or unidentified. O. Clean-Up Contractors will: 1. Follow all state and federal rules and regulations. 2. Meet worker personal protection and safety requirements of the DOSH, OSHA, and other applicable laws. 3. Meet recognized standards, such as National Fire Protection Agency (NFPA) training levels. P. Voluntary Organizations Active in Disaster (VOAD)s will: 1. The American Red Cross (ARC) will: a. Provide temporary housing and feeding facilities for displaced persons. b. Provide information and financial assistance for essential immediate needs to evacuees. c. Provide feeding stations for first responders to hazardous materials incidents of extended duration. d. Coordinate services and volunteer organizations (see CEMP ESF 7). e. Assist with evacuations of affected persons. 2. ARES/RACES will: a. Provide volunteer amateur radio communications. b. Provide a representative to the ICP and EOC as requested.

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ESF 10

VIII. PLAN TESTING AND MAINTENANCE A. The ESF 10 HMERP Life Cycle 1. Evaluating the Plan: a. Testing refers to the exercise of all or part of the ESF 10 to improve the efficiency of all working elements. b. All or part of the agencies, organizations, and facilities involved may be active participants or observers in the drill evaluation process. c. Following a drill, an After Action Report will be developed and an Improvement Plan formalized as appropriate. d. This process shall support sound operational concepts and identify resources needed to conduct necessary functions in hazardous materials emergencies. 2. Exercising the Plan: a. The LEPC is responsible for coordinating at least one annual exercise of the HMERP. LEPC will incorporate exercise performances into its work plan and participate in the planning and execution of the annual and other exercises. This information will be disseminated to its general membership. b. This exercise may be a tabletop, functional, or full-scale exercise. c. Response drills may be utilized in conjunction with other emergency response agencies and plans. d. Drills, responses, and exercises will be evaluated and changes made to the HMERP as lessons are learned and improvements deemed necessary. 3. Updating the Plan: a. All revisions to the Cowlitz County HMERP will be reviewed and approved by the LEPC, according to LEPC Bylaws. b. The LEPC shall approve revisions or changes. c. The LEPC is responsible for the distribution of all approved revisions to its distribution list, and the accurate maintenance of the directories of those plan holders. d. The coordinator for information for the LEPC is the CCDEM. 4. Changes to the Plan: a. The HMERP shall be reviewed at least annually by the LEPC, according to its Bylaws. b. Revisions to the HMERP shall be distributed to all agencies, organizations, and facilities that hold a current copy of the original plan within 60 days of each revision. c. Three copies of the revised plan will be forwarded to the SERC in compliance with Chapter 118-40 WAC for plan review and comment. d. The HMERP will be available for review at CCDEM. 32 | P a g e (033026)

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e. Inquiry may be made for further information regarding hazardous materials

inventories or information regarding the hazard of a particular chemical or reporting facility by contacting the CCDEM. 5. Plan Audit and Update: a. The annual review shall ensure that appropriate changes are made to the notification tables, legal requirements, and resources. B. The HMERP may also be revised as needed following drills, exercises or significant hazardous materials incident debriefs. IX.

REFERENCES A. Washington State Department of Ecology – Hazmat Spill Contractor List http://www.ecy.wa.gov/programs/spills/response/hazmatspillcontractlist.pdf B. Washington State Department of Ecology – How to Report a Spill http://www.ecy.wa.gov/programs/spills/other/reportaspill.htm C. Reporting Requirements – Emergency Planning and Community Right to Know Act (EPCRA) http://www.ecy.wa.gov/epcra/reportingreq.html D. NFPA 471 - Recommended Practice for Responding to Hazardous Materials Incidents http://www.disasterinfo.net/lideres/english/jamaica/bibliography/ChemicalAccidents/NFPA_471_Recommen dedPracticeforRespondingtoHazardousMaterialsIncidents.pdf E. Hazardous Materials and Substances – Municipal Research and Services Center of Washington http://www.mrsc.org/Subjects/PubSafe/emergency/em-hazmat.aspx F. USDOT Emergency Response Guidebook English: https://www.phmsa.dot.gov/hazmat/erg/erg2016-english Spanish: https://www.phmsa.dot.gov/hazmat/erg/erg2016-spanish

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Cowlitz County Emergency Support Function 10 Hazardous Materials Emergency Response Plan Approvals and Concurrences

Brad Thurman

Andy Odgen

……………………

Cowlitz County Sheriff

Chair, Cowlitz Fire Chiefs’ Association

Washington State Patrol

Date

Scott Neves

Cowlitz County Emergency Management Director

Date

……………………

Cowlitz County LEPC Chairperson

Date

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ESF 10

X. APPENDIX A – INITIAL INCIDENT OBJECTIVES

INITIAL INCIDENT OBJECTIVES •

Identify the Hazards. Placards, physical properties, shipping papers, facility inventory, ask informed person, etc. If you do not know, plan for the worst (record this information on Page 1, Box 3, map border of ICS Form 201)

•

Isolate the Hazard Area. Deny access to spill area, establish control zones, etc. (note zones on Page 1, Box 3, of ICS Form 201)

•

Protect the Safety of the Public and Responders. Conduct evacuations, shelter-inplace, limit access inside control zones to appropriate response personnel, etc.

•

Establish Command. Establish Command Post, staging areas, etc. (note locations on Page 1, Box 3 of ICS Form 201). Diagram initial incident command structure. (note on page 3, box 3 of ICS Form 201) Determine Initial Incident Commander, Assign Safety Officer. Anticipate staffing and resource needs (record on Page 4, box 7 or ICS Form 201). IC: Safety:

•

Complete Notifications. Conduct appropriate notifications to state, federal, local, and private resources. (9-1-1, Ecology, EMD, natural resource trustees, USCG/EPA, fire, hazmat, Responsible Party, contractors, etc. Record contacts and numbers on Page 2, Box 5, ICS 201)

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•

Activate Response Plans. Implement pre-designed contingency response plans. Follow your plan! Implement source control measures if trained and appropriate PPE is available.

•

Other. Other initial objectives specific to the incident.

On the ICS Form 201, record initiation, or completion of Initial Incident Objectives plus other pertinent initial information in Box 5, Page 2.

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XI. APPENDIX B – CRUDE OIL SPILL

Crude Oil Spill Emergency Response Appendix

A. PURPOSE The purpose of this Crude Oil Spill Emergency Response Appendix is to provide effective guidance to all public agencies in preparing for and responding to a train derailment involving the release of flammable and combustible liquids, specifically crude oil, into the environment. Each public agency should also have an agency-specific plan and procedures to direct their planning and response to such an event, which should dovetail with this overall plan. The Crude Oil Spill Appendix is incorporated into the Cowlitz County Emergency Support Function 10 Hazardous Materials Response Plan, under the Cowlitz County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan. B. SCOPE This plan addresses the derailment of railcars carrying flammable and combustible liquids and outlines: 1.

Authorities, responsibilities, and informational needs of these partner agencies: • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • •

Cowlitz County Sheriff’s Office (CCSO) Cowlitz County 9-1-1 (9-1-1) Cowlitz County Department of Emergency Management (CCDEM) Cowlitz County Fire District 1 Cowlitz 2 Fire & Rescue Cowlitz County Fire District 5 Cowlitz County Fire District 6 Clark-Cowlitz Fire & Rescue Cowlitz County Public Works City of Castle Rock City of Kelso City of Longview Longview Fire Department City of Kalama City of Woodland Port of Longview Port of Kalama 37 | P a g e

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• • • • • • • • •

Port of Woodland Washington State Patrol (WSP) Washington State Fish & Wildlife Washington State Department of Transportation (WSDOT) Washington National Guard Washington State Emergency Management Division (WSEMD) U.S. Coast Guard (USCG) Burlington Northern Santa Fe (BNSF) American Medical Response (AMR)

Use of government, private sector, and volunteer resources.

Dissemination of information to the public, the business community, government agencies, and to volunteers, followed by periodic updates.

The importance of community/citizen preparedness and self-sufficiency.

C. PLAN APPROVAL, REVIEW AND UPDATES This Appendix will be approved and signed by the Cowlitz County Sheriff; Cowlitz 2 Fire & Rescue; Cowlitz Fire District 1, 5, and 6; Clark-Cowlitz Fire & Rescue; the Mayors of Castle Rock, Kalama, Woodland, Kelso, and Longview; and the Cowlitz County Department of Emergency Management Director. This Appendix will be reviewed annually and again during the month of September by the signatory agencies and, if necessary, updated with the assistance of the partner agencies listed in section B.1. D. CONCEPT OF OPERATIONS 1.

General Local Fire Agencies, Local Law Enforcement, WSP, Cowlitz County, and the Cities of Castle Rock, Kalama, Kelso, Longview and Woodland, are the lead agencies in planning for a train derailment with the release of flammable and combustible liquids incidents in Cowlitz County. Because an incident of this type will develop quickly it is important certain decisions regarding the handling of such an incident be predetermined. Predetermined and authorized decisions include, but are not limited to: a. Initial Incident Commanders, Unified Command (IC/UC) Delegations and

Incident Facilities Locations (Appendix A) b. Notification List(s) (Appendix B) 38 | P a g e (033026)

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c. Notification and Warning of the Public – Emergency Communications d. e. f. g.

Notification System (ECNS – aka: “Reverse Calling System”) Local Declaration of Disaster (Subappendix C) Evacuation – if needed, area maps, routes, preliminary emergency evacuation destinations for triage and temporary shelters Shelter Locations Initial On-Scene Communications Plan outline for communications interoperability (Subappendix D)

Authority for ERP Activation The activation of this plan can be authorized by any one of the following individuals: • • • • • •

Incident Commander Cowlitz County Sheriff or designee Mayor or Police Chief for the City of Castle Rock, Kalama, Kelso, Longview, or Woodland Chief of Cowlitz 2 Fire & Rescue, Cowlitz Fire District 5, Longview Fire Department or designee Cowlitz County Department of Emergency Management Director or designee Washington State Patrol

Threshold for Activation This plan may be activated by the above authorities upon notification from Cowlitz County 9-1-1 (9-1-1), or another reliable reporting party, that a train derailment with the release of flammable and combustible materials has occurred or is imminent.

E. POLICIES, PROCEDURES AND OPERATIONS 1.

All response operations will be conducted using Incident Command System. IC or UC will be established as quickly as possible. As a very early response planning priority and at the discretion of the IC/UC, a request for deployment of an Incident Management Team (IMT) through the State Mobilization or the Region 4 Mutual Aid Agreement should occur.

Qualified Hazardous Materials On-Scene Incident Commanders (OSIC) are designated in the Hazardous Materials Incident Commanders List, employed by the Washington State Patrol, and designated Cowlitz County Fire Districts and municipal Fire Departments.

Warning & Notifications

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The Responsible Party (responsible for the derailment and potential or actual release of flammable and combustible materials) will make notifications as per their Emergency Action Plan, which includes the notification of Cowlitz 9-1-1. 91-1 will notify CCDEM to request emergency messaging via the Emergency Community Notification System (ECNS). Further or additional public notifications and warning messages may include the following: a. Additional ECNS warning(s) b. Emergency Alert System (EAS) activation c. Flash Alert / News d. The release of Shelter-In-Place or an evacuation recommendation to all

affected areas and to news media via all available mean e. The use of social media and all available means to distribute the

warning and recommendation for action f.

Activation of PIOs, forming a Joint Information System (JIS) and possibly establishing a Joint Information Center (JIC)

g. Door-to-door notifications, if and as resources are available h. Alerts using public safety vehicle sirens and PA systems, if and as

resources are available 4.

Agency Notifications: Upon notification of 9-1-1 by the Responsible Party, the following sequence of notifications will be implemented: a. 9-1-1 will notify:

•

Local Fire Agencies

•

Local Law Enforcement

•

CCDEM

•

WSEMD

•

WSP

•

WSDOT

•

Medix

b. CCDEM will notify as necessary:

•

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•

Local Public Works

•

Ports of Longview, Kalama, and Woodland

•

WSEMD Duty Officer

•

Washington State Department of Ecology

•

United State Coast Guard

•

American Red Cross

•

Columbia County (Oregon) 9-1-1

•

Emergency Managements of neighboring jurisdictions

•

Local Schools

A directory with phone numbers is attached to this plan as Subappendix C. Each agency is expected to have an internal notification procedure in place to notify their key personnel of the emergency. 5.

Closures: Upon notification of a train derailment on the rail lines adjacent to I-5, the following closures may be ordered: • •

I-5 Northbound lanes as determined/requested by the IC/UC I-5 Southbound lanes as determined/requested by the IC/UC

Evacuations: Immediate, initial life-safety Shelter-In-Place and/or evacuation recommendations of the areas impacted by a train derailment will be consistent with guidance provided by the most recent edition of the Department of Transportation Emergency Response Guidebook (ERG). Should evacuation be recommended, emergency services personnel will determine the best and most efficient routes for evacuation and will then help expedite the motor and/or foot traffic to evacuate persons as quickly as possible from the impacted area.

Sheltering and Mass Care: The ARC maintains a list of shelters for mass care in Cowlitz County, as well as within the region. Temporary shelters will provide basic food, liquids, and protection from the elements. For longer-term sheltering, ARC will triage evacuees and direct them to more appropriate shelter (i.e.: Access and Functional Needs, pet-friendly, etc.)

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ESF 10

Should an evacuation be recommended, the next effort within the incident’s first 24 hours will be activation and opening of ARC shelter(s). These temporary shelters should be ready to receive evacuees within this first 24-hour window. F.

PUBLIC EDUCATION AND OUTREACH A train derailment with the release of flammable and combustible liquids may require immediate action to notify the public of the need to evacuate to protect lives. A public education campaign will be required to notify potentially affected persons of how to protect themselves by Shelter-In-Place or evacuation practices. This public education and outreach campaign will use consistent messaging and be endorsed by all parties to this agreement. This campaign will be executed following the adoption of this plan and will be a recurring effort in the potentially affected areas.

CRUDE OIL SPILL REFERENCE DOCUMENTS 1. Mutual Aid Documents: • Region IV Mutual Aid Agreement • Fire Service Mobilization Plan • Law Enforcement Mobilization Plan 2.

Memorandums of Understanding: • Red Cross Mass Care & Sheltering • Facilities Use agreements

Cowlitz County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan

Cowlitz County ESF 10 Oil & Hazardous Materials Response Plan

Community Preparedness and Incident Management Information Sheet, PHMSA Petroleum Crude Oil Reference

High Hazard Flammable Liquid Train (HHTF) Incidents: Myths, Facts And Observations (https://www.interagencyboard.org/system/files/resources/HHFT%20Facts%20Paper%20Final-012716.pdf)

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CRUDE OIL SPILL Subappendix A: Predetermined Initial Incident Commanders, Unified Command (IC or UC), and Incident Facilities Please see Cowlitz County’s ESF 10 HMERP for identified Hazardous Materials Incident Command Agencies. Individual, initial ICs cannot be pre-determined as the location of the potential incident is dynamic and not known. Additionally, as the initial response can expand into a larger scale operation, Incident Command will progressively change utilizing ICs with increasing capabilities, skills, experience, and subject matter expertise. As the incident evolves, Unified Command will be considered and, quite possibly, a non-local advanced Incident Management Team (IMT) may be delegated command. Likewise, there are no set, predetermined locations for Incident Command Posts or Staging Areas. These locations depend on where an incident occurs and other factors. The IC or UC will make this decision as appropriate to the incident ad hoc.

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CRUDE OIL SPILL Subappendix B: Notification List – Cowlitz County 9-1-1 The agencies to be notified by 9-1-1 will vary depending upon the location of the incident. Therefore, the table here below lists all agencies considering all possible locations along rail lines within Cowlitz County.

AGENCY Cowlitz County Sheriff’s Office Cowlitz County Emergency Management Cowlitz 2 Fire & Rescue Cowlitz County Fire District 6 Cowlitz County Fire District 5 Cowlitz County Fire District 1 Longview Fire Department Clark-Cowlitz Fire & Rescue Medix Ambulance Castle Rock Police Department Kelso Police Department Longview Police Department Kalama Police Department Woodland Police Department Washington State Patrol Washington State DOT CRESA 9-1-1 BNSF

MAIN Phone Number 360.751.8101 360.577.3130 360.578.5218 360.274.4413 360.673.2222 360.225.7462 360.442.5503 360.887.4609 360.636-7299 360.274.4711 360.423.1270 360.442.5800 360.673.2165 360.225.6965 360.449.7950 360.759.1300 360.696.4461 800.832.5452

ALTERNATE Phone Numbers 911 911 Duty Chief 360.957.4231 360.957.1158 360.772.0298 360.957.1341 360.907.9510 911 360.355.2383 360.749.2097 360.957.4434 911 911 360.578.4147 800MHz Radio

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Notification List – Cowlitz County Department of Emergency Management (DEM) Agencies needing to be notified by DEM will vary depending on the location of the incident. Therefore, the table below lists all agencies considering all possible locations along rail lines in Cowlitz County.

AGENCY WSEMD Duty Officer Public Works - Castle Rock Public Works - Kelso City Manager/Public Works - Longview City Manager/Public Works - Kalama City Manager/Public Works - Woodland Cowlitz County Public Works Clark Regional Emergency Services Agency Mayor of Castle Rock Mayor of Kelso Mayor of Longview Mayor of Kalama Mayor of Woodland Cowlitz County Commissioners, Chair Cowlitz County Health Department USCG Columbia County 9-1-1 Washington State Fish & Wildlife Washington State DNR Washington State Department of Ecology Washington State Department of Health American Red Cross U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Castle Rock School District Kelso School District Longview School District Toutle School District Kalama School District Woodland School District Port of Longview

MAIN Phone Number 800.258.5990 360.274.7478 360.423.5730 360.442.5200 360.673.3706 360.225.7999 360.577.3030 360.696.4461

ALTERNATE Phone Numbers

360.274.8181 360.423.1371 360.442.5004 360.673.3265 360.225.8281 360.577.3020 360.636.9595 503.240.9301 503.397.1521 360.225.4390 360.902.1300 360.407.6000 800.525.0127 888.680.1455 503.961.5817 360.501.2940 360.501.1900 360.575.7000 360.274.6182 360.673.5282 360.841.2700 360.703.0260

360.957.6899 360.270.0191

Port of Kalama Port of Woodland

360.749.6242 360.423.5730 360.578.0900 360.904.5312 360.607.0968 360.749.6591

360.904.5312 360.827.2036 360.751.6788

800.562.6010 360.806.9060 360.553.9129 360.808.4402 360.957.3629 360.562.6033 406.261.1827 360.749.9068

Port Security @ Main Gate

360.673.2325 360.225.6555

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CRUDE OIL SPILL Subappendix C: Local Declaration of Emergency Template RESOLUTION LOCAL DECLARATION OF EMERGENCY

RESOLUTION NUMBER: WHEREAS, the Cowlitz County Sheriff / Director of Emergency Management has reported to the Board of County Commissioners, as to conditions beginning on .............................. created by a large Hazardous Materials incident occurring on the railroad tracks in Cowlitz County causing extensive, life-threatening conditions in Cowlitz County; and, WHEREAS, extensive injury has or will, likely occur to persons and/or there is the potential for considerable damage to property and the environment; and, WHEREAS, there is a present emergency which necessitates activation of the Cowlitz County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan (CEMP) and utilization of emergency powers granted pursuant to RCW 36.40.180 and RCW 38.52.070(2); NOW, THEREFORE BE IT RESOLVED:

SECTION 1. It is hereby declared by the Board of Cowlitz County Commissioners that, in accordance with the terms and conditions of RCW 36.40.180, there is an emergency due to the above stated conditions in Cowlitz County; therefore, designated departments are authorized to enter into contracts and incur obligations necessary to combat such disaster, protecting the health and safety of persons and property, and providing emergency assistance to the victims of such disaster; and, SECTION 2. Each designated department is authorized, in accordance with the terms and conditions of RCW 38.52.070(2), to exercise the powers vested under Section 1 of this resolution in the light of the exigencies of an extreme emergency situation without regard to timeconsuming procedures and formalities prescribed by law, (excepting mandatory constitutional requirements), including but not limited to: •

budget law limitations

•

requirements for competitive bidding and publication of notices

•

provisions pertaining to the performance of public work.

•

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•

the incurring of obligations

•

the employment of temporary workers

•

the rental of equipment

•

the purchase of supplies and materials

•

the appropriation and expenditures of public funds

SECTION 3. Each designated department may undertake contracting authority subject to the terms and conditions and provisions of RCW 39.04.280. SECTION 4. Notwithstanding the authorizations set forth in Section 1 of this resolution, designated departments shall endeavor to secure the most competitive price available for goods and services, subject to the terms, conditions, and provisions of RCW 39.04.280. SECTION 5. Such authorization shall include unannounced entry and access onto and about private property, where such entry and access shall not violate those constitutional privacy and property rights under an emergency declaration. SECTION 6. The emergency authority granted under this resolution shall terminate by the issuance of a subsequent rescinding Resolution which shall follow when the Board determines that the extraordinary measures detained herein are no longer required for the protection of the public peace, safety, and welfare. REGULAR SIGNED IN

SPECIAL

SESSION THIS

DAY OF

EMERGENCY (Board of County Commissioners signature block)

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CRUDE OIL SPILL Subappendix D: Initial On-Scene Communications Plan For the establishment of a Communications Plan (ICS Form 205) for on-scene response, the Cowlitz County Communications Resource Plan and the Region 4 Tactical Interoperable Communications Plan (TICP) identify these frequencies/channels as available for assignment as needed: Channels CCSO Main

Repeated XXX

CCSO Car2Car KPD

XXX

Law Enforcement Law Enforcement

XXX XXX

LPD 2 (car-to-car)

Discipline Law Enforcement

XXX

KPD 2 (car-to-car) LPD

Simplex

Law Enforcement Law Enforcement

XXX

Law Enforcement

L-TAC

XXX

Law Enforcement

Control 1

XXX

Fire

OPS 2

XXX

Fire

OPS 3

XXX

Fire

OPS 4 (Command Frequency)

XXX

Fire

OPS 5

XXX

Fire

Public Works

XXX

Public Works

Public Works Transit

XXX

Public Works

VTAC-10

XXX

Interoperability

VTAC-11

XXX

Interoperability

VTAC-12 (Command Frequency)

XXX

Interoperability

VTAC-13

XXX

Interoperability

VTAC-14

XXX

Interoperability

Rednet

XXX

Fire

LERN

XXX

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CRUDE OIL SPILL Subappendix E: Emergency Response Operations The hazard assessment and risk evaluation process is a critical step used to identify the level of danger posed by an incident involving the product(s), containers, and their behavior, which is generally related to their physical and chemical properties. Risk refers to the probability of suffering harm or loss and is different at each incident and needs to be evaluated by the Incident Commander. Emergency responders use a number of reference materials such as the Department of Transportation Emergency Response Guidebook (ERG), Safety Data Sheets (SDSs), technical specialists available by contacting the shipper or railroad, or contacting the Chemical Transportation Emergency Center (CHEMTREC) at 1-800-424-9300, or the 24-hour emergency contact telephone number required to be included on the shipping papers by the federal hazardous materials regulations. Evaluate the risks of personnel intervening directly in the incident. Consider the limitations of the people involved and the ability to have adequate resources available on site (e.g., sufficient firefighting foam concentrate, water supplies, appliances, equipment, air monitoring and detection equipment, trained personnel and technical expertise) and the ability to sustain operations for extended periods of time (hours or days). Flammable liquid firefighting and Class B foam operations begin with the need for large water supplies to support cooling operations, exposure protection, and fire extinguishment. With few exceptions, most railroad corridors do not have large flow hydrant–based water supplies immediately available. In addition, the use of natural water sources, such as streams and rivers, may not be easily and safely accessible. Sustainable Pumper/Tender water deliver operations will be necessary in most incidents. Formulas for calculating Class B foam concentrate requirements are referenced from NFPA 11– Standard for Low-, Medium-, and High Expansion Foam, and are based upon either spill scenarios (i.e., less than 2-inches product depth) or product storage in depth scenarios. In contrast, flammable liquid spills along a railroad right-of-way are a hybrid, multi-dimensional scenario that can consist of surface spills, pooled product, and product absorbed into the railbed, soil, etc. As a result, foam calculations based upon NFPA 11 parameters on the area of involvement may not be accurate for HHFT scenarios. Foam supplies and equipment are available in pre-staged locations through a partnership with MFSA. The railroad and their emergency response and cleanup contractor provide additional quantities of foam. 49 | P a g e (033026)

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Derailment, spill (no fire) 1. Implement Cowlitz County Comprehensive Emergency Response Plan (CEMP), ESF 10 Oil & Hazardous Materials Response Plan, and the Crude Oil Transportation Emergency Response Protocol. 2. Refer to the Department of Transportation Emergency Response Guide (ERG) for recommended isolation and evacuation distances. 3. Ensure the railroad is notified via their Emergency Contact Number. 4. Call the 24-hour emergency contact number for the shipper listed on the shipping papers available from the train crew. If this information is not available from the train crew, contact the Railroad Emergency Contact Number. If there is no emergency number listed Contact CHEMTREC at 1-800-424-9300. 5. Conduct a hazard assessment and risk evaluation to determine the scope and magnitude of the problem, resource requirements, and response options. Do not overlook obvious physical hazards that may be present such as damaged rail and other equipment that may have sharp/jagged edges. 6. Conduct continuous air monitoring as appropriate. 7. Confinement operations (i.e., spill control tactics) are a priority to limit the size and spread of the release – damming and diking may be required to limit the potential for the spill to migrate beyond the immediate area and cause extensive environmental damage. 8. Foam supplies and equipment are available in pre-staged locations through a partnership with MFSA. The railroad and their emergency response and cleanup contractor provide additional quantities of foam. Foam should be applied for vapor suppression.

Derailment, spill with fire (Single Car) 1. Conduct all activities for a Derailment, Spill (no fire), as appropriate, and 2. If fire suppression strategies are selected, responders will need to refer to the ERG for recommended isolation and evacuation distances. 3. If fire suppression operations are initiated, responders need sufficient foam concentrate supplies, adequate water supply, foam appliances, equipment, and properly trained personnel to effectively implement and sustain operations. If you do not have the capability to safely and effectively implement and sustain this strategy, defensive or non-intervention strategies should be pursued.

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Derailment, spill with fire (Multiple Cars)

1. Conduct all activities for a Derailment, Spill (no fire), as appropriate, and 2. If fire suppression strategies are selected, responders will need to refer to the ERG for recommended isolation and evacuation distances. 3. If fire suppression operations are initiated, responders need sufficient foam concentrate supplies, adequate water supply, foam appliances, equipment, and properly trained personnel to effectively implement and sustain operations.

The strategy for this type of incident that provides the highest level of safety to responders is defensive to protect exposures or non-intervention.

Clean-up and Post-Emergency Operations 1. Establish a decontamination corridor in the warm zone away from the contaminated area. Ensure that all protective clothing and equipment is isolated for proper disposal and/or cleaning. 2. Ensure proper decontamination of emergency personnel before they leave the scene. Crude oil vapors can saturate protective clothing and be carried off-site. Personnel should monitor for hazardous vapors before removing PPE. 3. Use a massive water rinse on the outer shell of protective clothing. Maintain appropriate respiratory protection throughout the decontamination process. 4. Contain all runoff since it may contain harmful contaminants. Properly dispose of in accordance with applicable federal, state, and local environmental regulations. 5. Conduct a post-incident analysis to properly document the incident and identify followup activities.

References: 1. PHMSA Petroleum Crude Oil – September 2014 2. High Hazard Flammable Liquid Train (HHTF) Incidents: Myths, Facts And Observations – January 2016

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ESF 11

Agricultural and Natural Resources Emergency Support Function (ESF) 11 Coordinating: • Cowlitz County Emergency Management • Cowlitz County Department of Health & Human Services (DHHS) Primary: • Cowlitz County Department of Health & Human Services (DHHS) • Washington State Department of Agriculture • Washington State Department of Natural Resources (DNR) Support: • Cowlitz County Emergency Management • Humane Society of Southwest Washington • Washington State Department of Health • Washington State Department of Ecology • Washington State University (WSU) Extension Service • American Red Cross (ARC) The following Emergency Support Functions (ESF) or Recovery Functions support or coordinate with this ESF 11 (Agricultural and Natural Resources): • In the Response Phase: o Supporting: ▪ ESF 1 (Transportation) ▪ ESF 3 (Public Works & Engineering) ▪ ESF 6 (Mass Care) ▪ ESF 7 (Logistics) ▪ ESF 8 (Public Health & Medical Services) ▪ ESF 10 (Oil & Hazardous Materials) ▪ ESF 12 (Energy) o Coordinating: ▪ ESF 5 (Emergency Management) • In the Recovery Phase: o Supporting: ▪ ESF 3 (Public Works & Engineering) ▪ ESF 8 (Public Health & Medical Services) ▪ ESF 12 (Energy) ▪ ESF 14 (Long-Term Recovery) o Coordinating: ▪ ESF 5 (Emergency Management) 1 | Pa g e (033026)

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1. Purpose 1.1 Emergency Support Function #11 – Agriculture and Natural Resources, identifies, coordinates with local, state, and federal agencies to provide nutritional resources necessary to support an emergency response or recovery effort or other disaster assistance initiative; control and eradication of an outbreak of a highly contagious or economically devastating animal/zoonotic disease, highly infective exotic plant disease; assurance of food safety and food security (under USDA jurisdictions and authorities); protect Natural and Cultural resources and Historic properties resources (NCH); provide for the safety and well-being of household pets and farm animals during an emergency response or evacuation situation; and provide disposal management assistance during large-scale animal mortality events. Primary Core Capability Response Mission Area Conduct appropriate measures to ensure the protection of the health and safety of Environmental Response/Health & the public and workers, as well as the Safety environment, from all hazards in support of responder operations and the affected communities. Primary Core Capability Recovery Mission Area

Natural and Cultural Resources

Protect natural and cultural resources and historic properties through appropriate planning, mitigation, response, and recovery actions to preserve, conserve, rehabilitate, and restore them consistent with postdisaster community priorities and best practices, and in compliance with applicable environmental and historic preservation laws and Executive Orders.

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Critical Transportation

Logistics & Supply Chain Management

Mass Care Services

Provide all decision makers with decision-relevant information regarding Situational Assessment the nature and extent of the hazard, any cascading effects, and the status of the response. Recovery Mission Area Restore and improve health and social services capabilities and networks to Health and Social Services promote the resilience, independence, health (including behavioral health), and well-being of the whole community.

2. Policies and Authorities 2.1. Policies

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2.1.1. State agricultural and natural resources assistance to local jurisdictions is directed by Washington Military Department through the Department of Agriculture or the designated representative. 2.1.2. Local jurisdictions will activate Mutual Aid Agreements when their resources are depleted or committed. Additional state and federal assistance will be requested through the Cowlitz County Emergency Operations Center (EOC) and coordinated and provided through the Washington State Military Department, Emergency Management Division (WAEMD)/State Emergency Operations Center (SEOC), where local public and private resources have been exhausted.

2.2 Authorities 2.2.1. Congressional House Rule (HR) 3858 – Pets Evacuation and Transportation Standards Act of 2006 addresses the needs of individuals with household pets and service animals following a major disaster or emergency. 2.2.2. Revised Code of Washington (RCW) 70.05.060 outlines the powers and duties of the local board of health; each local board of health has supervision over all matters pertaining to the preservation of the life and health of the people within its jurisdiction. 2.2.3. RCW 70.05.070 outlines the powers and duties of the local health officer. 2.2.4. RCW 70.95.160 directs the local board of health to adopt regulations or ordinances governing solid waste handling to implement the comprehensive plan. 2.2.5. RCW 16 covers regulations related to animals and livestock, including county dog licensing and dog control zones, stock-restricted areas, and dangerous wild animals and addresses prevention of cruelty to animals. 2.2.6. Washington Administration Code (WAC) 246-100-197 addresses rabies and measures to prevent human disease. 2.2.7. WAC 16-25 address disposal of dead livestock. 2.2.8. WAC 173-350-220, Table 220A, outlines composting facilities.

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2.2.9

WAC 246-203-121 addresses the disposal of dead animals.

3. Situation Overview 3.1. A disaster event may deny human and animal populations access to food and water, may create conditions that prevent individuals with food supplies from preparing them, or may displace a population from their homes and create a widespread need for food and drink.

3.2. The extent of damage to the infrastructure of the affected area, in addition to the peculiarities of the transportation network in the area, will influence the strategy or pattern of assistance.

3.3. Food supplies intended for human populations will be suitable for either household distribution or congregate meal service. Food supplies will be provided from existing managed inventories whenever possible. 3.4. Under certain conditions, live or dead livestock and/or other agriculture related animals may need to be evacuated or disposed of from an affected area.

3.5. Provisions may need to be made to support evacuated livestock to ensure they receive care.

3.6. Procurement will be conducted in accordance with federal, state, and county laws and regulations, including provisions for emergency procurement and no-bid contracting during a declared “State of Emergency.”

3.7. Close cooperation will be maintained with the ESF #6 (Mass Care) position to ensure an efficient system is employed that satisfies the needs of the greatest number of people.

3.8. Commercial and retail food storage facilities may be inoperable because of widespread power failure; thus, some privately held, large-volume food supplies may not be available as sources to obtain goods.

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4. Concept of Operations 4.1.

Cowlitz County Emergency Management, as the ESF #11 coordinator, organizes and coordinates the capabilities and resources of local government, private agencies, and organizations through the Cowlitz County EOC.

4.2.

ESF #11 provides for integrated local response and local liaison duties with State and Federal resources for situations involving an outbreak of a highly contagious animal or zoonotic disease, an outbreak of a highly infective plant disease, a largescale animal fatality event (typically from a natural disaster), or infestation affecting crops impacting Cowlitz County

4.3.

ESF #11 ensures the safety and security of Cowlitz County’s commercial supply of food products following a potential or actual incident affecting Cowlitz County. It supports a liaison role for State and/or Federal agencies, should the situation necessitate such actions, as may occur if the situation is an Incident of National Significance or impacts Washington State.

4.4.

Local government within Cowlitz County and its incorporated cities and towns function as the primary agencies for protecting, recovering, and restoring resources at the local level.

4.5.

Resource needs and requests will be obtained from Cowlitz County departments and agencies, other ESFs, and the five cities. Requests will be prioritized, and resources will be allocated and deployed in mission assignments. Missions will be tracked, and resources will be reassigned as they become available for subsequent uses.

4.6.

Whole Community Involvement 4.6.1. A successful Whole Community agricultural and natural resources program assesses local assets and capabilities, and bolsters identified weaknesses and supports locally driven solutions. This includes, but is not limited to, inclusive disaster planning, supporting local response organizations and processes, developing partnerships with supportive groups and agencies, and ensuring a place at the table for government, residents, NGOs, businesses, churches, advocacy organizations, and other stakeholders. 4.6.2

ESF #11 recognizes that inclusion and accessibility is about more than language translation. Inclusion and accessibility mean a concerted effort to engage populations with limited English proficiency (LEP), disabilities, or other conditions that limit access to recovery services, and to promote effective resource accessibility – that is, that no impacted individuals face a unique burden in securing resources for which they qualify, and that are available to others.

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4.6.3

4.7.

ESF 11

Whole Community includes populations with individuals with disabilities and Access and Functional Needs (AFN). Any agency or organization that receives federal funding is required to have a plan or policy for addressing the needs of individuals with Limited English Proficiency (LEP), pursuant to Title VI, the Civil Rights Act. The Washington State Emergency Management Division and this ESF expect all agencies and organizations to comply with federal law. For more information on how each agency or organization complies with federal law, please contact the individual agency or organization.

Critical Tasks Mission Area

Critical Task I.D.

Critical Tasks

Environmental Response/Health & Safety

Response

Mission Area

Identify, assess, and mitigate worker health and safety hazards, and disseminate health and safety guidance and resources to response and recovery workers.

Minimize public exposure to environmental hazards through assessment of the hazards and implementation of public protective actions.

Detect, assess, stabilize, and clean up releases of oil and hazardous materials into the environment, including buildings/structures, and effectively manage waste.

Critical Task I.D.

Critical Tasks Critical Transportation

Response

Ensure basic human needs are met, stabilize the incident, transition into recovery for an affected area, and restore basic services and community functionality.

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Mission Area

Critical Task I.D.

Critical Tasks

Logistics & Supply Chain Management

Response

Mission Area

Enhance public and private resources and services support for an affected area.

Critical Task I.D.

Critical Tasks Mass Care Services

Response

Move and deliver resources and capabilities to meet the needs of disaster survivors, including individuals with access and functional needs.

Mission Area

Critical Task I.D.

Critical Tasks Situational Assessment

Deliver enhanced information to reinforce ongoing lifesaving and life-sustaining activities, and engage governmental, private, and civic sector resources within and outside of the affected area to meet basic human needs, stabilize the incident, and transition to recovery.

Response

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Mission Area

Critical Task I.D.

ESF 11

Critical Tasks

Health and Social Services Identify affected populations, groups, and key partners in short-term, intermediate, and longterm recovery.

Response

Restore health care (including behavioral health), public health, and social services functions.

Restore and improve the resilience and sustainability of the health care system and social service capabilities and networks to promote the independence and well-being of community members in accordance with the specified recovery timeline.

Mission Area

Critical Task I.D.

Critical Tasks

Natural and Cultural Resources 1

Implement measures to protect and stabilize records and culturally significant documents, objects, and structures.

Mitigate the impacts to and stabilize the natural and cultural resources and conduct a preliminary assessment of the impacts that identifies protections that need to be in place during stabilization through recovery.

Complete an assessment of affected natural and cultural resources and develop a timeline for addressing these impacts in a sustainable and resilient manner.

Response

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5. Organization 5.1.

The ESF #11 response structure operates under the direction of the Coordinating Organization/Agency, which determines the Lead Primary Organization(s) based on the assistance needed for the specific incident.

Functional Categories

Nutrition Assistance

ESF #11 – Primary Organization

Red Cross and Emergency Management

ESF #11 – Responsibilities

Animal & Plant Disease & Pest Response

Large-Scale Food Animal Safety and Mortality Security Response Supply

WSU Extension Service

Cowlitz County DHHS/Dept

Cowlitz County DHHS

NCH Resources Protection Local Government

Of Ag

Determine Coordinate Coordinate Coordinate Determine needs to local local local the needs for provide food response for response for response for protecting, for nutrition animal, large-scale adulterated restoring, or assistance to zoonotic or animal or suspected recovering the local plant disease mortality adulterated NCH public in the or infestation due to a food resources event of natural supplies disaster disaster

5.1.1. Regardless of the nature of the emergency, Cowlitz County will likely establish a Joint Information Center (JIC) that functions as the principal source of information about the response. The JIC coordinates closely with local, state, and federal officials to ensure consistency in the information released to the media and the public. At any time, public information officers (PIOs) from other agencies and organizations may be called upon as subject matter experts to assist as needed. 10 | P a g e (033026)

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6. Direction, Control, and Coordination 6.1.

ESF #11 is organized in accordance with the National Response Framework (NRF) and the Washington Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan (CEMP). 6.1.1

Horizontal Integration - This annex is concerned with the Response and Recovery Mission Areas. It is an interagency plan that provides direction to county government entities concerned with responding to and recovering from issues following a disaster.

6.1.2. Response – The structures and bodies laid out in this annex should integrate horizontally into structures and bodies established by the NRF to address the Response and Recovery mission areas and support functions. ESF #11 may provide leadership in creating these connections, hosting relevant meetings, and in general, ensuring the response mission is well-coordinated with recovery. 6.1.2.1. Integration with county-level planning efforts regarding response and recovery operations includes: The Cowlitz County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan (CEMP), which brings together partner organizations in the base plan and Emergency Support Functions to discuss how the county and city jurisdictions will organize for response and recovery operations. 6.1.3. Vertical Integration – This ESF Annex should integrate vertically to response plans at the regional level, state, and federal level, as well as at the local level. It may be common for relevant federal, and state plans to be similarly titled around ESF #11; however, this annex should remain flexible to coordinate with other plans or bodies that align with the Core Capabilities and Critical Tasks listed in this annex. 6.1.3.1. Integration with city/town and non-governmental organization Response plans includes: The county develops and maintains an ESF #11 to assist with integration efforts. 6.1.3.2. Integration with State and Federal Response plans include the Washington State CEMP and ESF #11 Annex and Response Federal Interagency Operational Plan (FIOP).

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ESF 11

7. Information Collection, Analysis, and Dissemination 7.1.

ESF #11 coordinates with Response and Recovery Core Capability Leads, and other county and city organizations/agencies with potential response/recovery roles to gather and disseminate information on the extent of damages, anticipated unmet needs, and other activities related to response and into recovery. ESF #11 will work to gather, synthesize, and distribute pertinent information to all related response partners, especially those partners identified as Primary Agencies for ESF #11 or executors of ESF #11 core capabilities.

7.2.

Jurisdiction, agency, private-sector, non-governmental, and volunteer organization representatives within the EOC will assist with meeting the information collection, verification, analysis, and dissemination needs of the JIC and EOC. This will include maintaining contact with their local PIOs for reports and updates.

7.3.

Some incoming agricultural and natural resource information/requests (e.g., expenditures and contracts) into the EOC may require a vetting process through the Policy Group (MACG) and/or the EOC Manager due to legal, policy, ethical, or other concerns.

7.4.

The EOC will be responsible for collection, verification, analysis, and dissemination of the latest incident information and resources.

8. Responsibilities Response Mission Area Core Capability Environmental Response/Health & Safety Environmental Response/Health & Safety

Critical Task I.D.

Activity / Action

Organizations(s) Name

Provide health and safety guidance and resources to response and recovery workers regarding any biological and/or chemical contamination hazards.

Cowlitz County Dept. of Health & Human Services

Minimize public exposure to environmental hazards through assessment of public water systems and inspection of temporary food facilities.

Cowlitz County Dept. of Health & Human Services

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Washington State Dept. of Ecology Environmental Response/Health & Safety

Evaluate and monitor the provision of care to livestock and any other agriculture related animals.

Washington State Dept. of Agriculture Washington State University (WSU) Extension Humane Society Cowlitz County Dept. of Health & Human Services

Environmental Response/Health & Safety

2, 3

Coordinate the response for provision of care to living or mass mortality livestock and any other agriculture related animals.

Washington State Dept. of Ecology Washington State Dept. of Agriculture Emergency Management

Critical Transportation

Logistics & Supply Chain Management

Coordinate clear routes for animal evacuation or disposal, stabilize the incident, transition into recovery for an affected area, and restore basic services and community functionality. See ESF#1. Coordinate resource needs, and determine and resolve, as necessary, issues regarding resource shortages and resource ordering issues.

Assist with providing volunteers, resources, and equipment to conduct large animal rescues and evacuation and in procuring veterinary services.

Emergency Management

All Primary Organizations Washington State Dept. of Agriculture Washington State University (WSU) Extension Emergency Management

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Logistics & Supply Chain Management

ESF 11

Washington State Dept. of Agriculture 1, 2

Ensure the safety and security of commercial food supply.

Washington State Dept. of Health Cowlitz County Dept. of Health & Human Services

Mass Care Services

Situational Assessment

Assist ESF #6 and ESF #13 with the evacuation and sheltering of domestic and service animals.

Humane Society Emergency Management

Obtain an initial situation and damage assessment through established intelligence procedures; determine the appropriate management response to meet the request for assistance.

All Primary Organizations

Activities focused on gathering and delivering information to engage partner organizations/agencies related to response and the transition into recovery.

All Primary Organizations

Recovery Mission Area Critical Task I.D.

Activity / Action

Organizations(s) Name

Health and Social Services

1, 2

Support the recovery of people with disabilities or additional needs, including Limited English Proficiency, through partnerships with specialized organizations.

All Primary Organizations

Health and Social Services

Participate in the after-action review process of the disaster/emergency response to develop a comprehensive recovery timeline.

All Primary Organizations

Health and Social Services

3, 4

Coordinate and/or support recovery activities consistent with their organization missions and capabilities.

All Primary, and/or Support Organizations

Core Capability

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Natural & Cultural Resources Natural & Cultural Resources

1, 2, 3, 4

Supports impacted jurisdictions with environmental recovery through administered grant programs. Recovery efforts will be primarily managed by ESF #14 (Long Term Community Recovery) in conjunction with ESF #5. Each ESF position should provide input on efforts that will be beneficial to reducing the risk of or damage caused by futures event.

Emergency Management

All Primary, and/or Support Organizations

9. Resource Requirements Resources

Providers

Desktop or laptop WebEOC login (Guest Account) Contact Master List (phone, email) Internet and drive access Home agencies’ SOPs Desk phone Two-way radio

Training

Providers

G0191 – ICS-IMT/EOC Interface ICS 100, 200, 700, 800 ICS 300, 400 Position-Specific training G2300

Cowlitz Emergency Management, WAEMD Cowlitz Emergency Management, FEMA - IS Cowlitz Emergency Management, WAEMD Cowlitz Emergency Management, WAEMD Cowlitz Emergency Management, WAEMD

10. Reference and Supporting Plans ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪

ESF 3 (Public Works and Engineering) ESF 5 (Emergency Management) ESF 6 (Mass Care, Emergency Assistance, Housing, Human Services) ESF 7 (Logistics and Resource Support) ESF 8 (Public Health and Medical Services) ESF 10 (Oil and Hazardous Materials) ESF 12 (Energy) ESF 14 (Recovery) 15 | P a g e

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▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪

ESF 11

Washington Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan (CEMP), ESF 11 Washington State CEMP, ESF #11 – Appendix 2: State Animal Response Plan Washington State CEMP, ESF #11 – Appendix 3: State Plant Health Plan Washington State CEMP, ESF #11 – Appendix 4: State Food and Feed Emergency Plan Washington State CEMP, ESF #11 – Appendix 5: Protection of Natural, Cultural and Historic Resources

11. Terms and Definitions 11.1.

National Response Framework (NRF) – The National Response Framework is a guide to how the Nation responds to all types of disasters and emergencies. It is built on scalable, flexible, and adaptable concepts identified in the National Incident Management System to align key roles and responsibilities across the Nation.

11.2.

Whole Community – A focus on enabling the participation in national preparedness activities of a wider range of players from the private and nonprofit sectors, including nongovernmental organizations and the general public, in conjunction with the participation of all levels of government in order to foster better coordination and working relationships. Used interchangeably with “all-of-Nation.” (National Preparedness Goal, September 2015)

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ESF 12

Energy Emergency Support Function (ESF) 12 Coordinating: • Cowlitz County Emergency Management Primary: • Cowlitz County PUD • Cowlitz County Public Works • Public Works Departments of Longview, Kelso, Woodland, Kalama, and Castle Rock Support: • Ground Transportation – Public and Private • Northwest Natural • Olympic Pipeline • Private Fuel Suppliers • Telecommunications Providers in Cowlitz County • Cowlitz County Department of Health & Human Services • Cowlitz County Emergency Management The following Emergency Support Functions (ESF) or Recovery Functions support or coordinate with this ESF 1 (Transportation): • In the Protect Phase: o Supporting: ▪ ESF 13 (Public Safety, Security & Evacuation) o Coordinating: ▪ ESF 5 (Emergency Management) • In the Mitigation Phase: o Supporting: ▪ ESF 14 (Long-Term Recovery) o Coordinating: ▪ ESF 5 (Emergency Management) • Response Phase: o Supporting: ▪ ESF 1 (Transportation) ▪ ESF 2 (Communications) ▪ ESF 3 (Public Works & Engineering) ▪ ESF 4 (Firefighting) ▪ ESF 10 (Oil & Hazardous Materials) 1 | Pa g e (033026)

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•

ESF 12

▪ ESF 11 (Agriculture and Natural Resources) ▪ ESF 13 (Public Safety, Security & Evacuation) o Coordinating: ▪ ESF 5 (Emergency Management) In the Recovery Phase: o Supporting: ▪ ESF 1 (Transportation) ▪ ESF 2 (Communications) ▪ ESF 3 (Public Works & Engineering) ▪ ESF 11 (Agriculture and Natural Resources) ▪ ESF 13 (Public Safety, Security & Evacuation) o Coordinating: ▪ ESF 5 (Emergency Management)

1. Purpose 1.1 Emergency Support Function #12 – Energy and Utilities provide guidance for emergency coordination with providers of power, water, natural gas, petroleum, sanitation, and telecommunication resources to meet the essential needs of Cowlitz County during an emergency or disaster. Primary Core Capability Shared Response and Recovery Mission Areas Stabilize critical infrastructure functions, minimize health and safety threats, and efficiently restore and revitalize systems and services to support a viable, resilient community.

Infrastructure Systems

Support Core Capability Response Mission Area

Environmental Response/Health and Safety

Fire Management & Suppression

Conduct appropriate measures to ensure the protection of the health and safety of the public and workers, as well as the environment, from all hazards in support of responder operations and the affected communities. Provide structural, wildland, and specialized firefighting capabilities to manage and suppress fires of all types, kinds, and complexities while protecting 2 | Pa g e

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ESF 12

the lives, property, and environment in the affected area.

Logistics & Supply Chain Management

Operational Communications

Deliver essential commodities, equipment, and services in support of impacted communities and survivors, to include emergency power and fuel support, as well as the coordination of access to community staples. Synchronize logistics capabilities and enable the restoration of impacted supply chains. Ensure the capacity for timely communications in support of security, situational awareness, and operations, by any and all means available, among and between affected communities in the impact area and all response forces. Provide all decision makers with decision-relevant information regarding the nature and extent of the hazard, any cascading effects, and the status of the response.

Situational Assessment

Support Core Capability Recovery Mission Areas Return economic and business activities (including food and agriculture) to a healthy state and develop new business and employment opportunities that result in an economically viable community.

Economic Recovery

2. Policies 2.1. Priority is given to LIP: Life Safety, Incident Stabilization, and Property Protection/Preservation.

2.2 The chief elected official of the county and/or cities/towns involved have the authority to declare an emergency. This ESF is applicable when a disaster has been declared or

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when an Incident Commander (IC) determines that movement of individuals or material is required or anticipated.

3. Situation Overview 3.1. The extent of damage to the infrastructure of the affected area will influence the strategy or pattern of assistance available and offered by transportation providers.

4. Concept of Operations 4.1.

The Cowlitz County EOC will coordinate an assessment of the Cowlitz County transportation network and after the information is analyzed the feasibility of air, rail, and road travel will be determined. Information will be shared with appropriate traffic control agencies and organizations to aid in the effort to regulate the use of the transportation infrastructure in the affected area.

4.2.

4.3.

Transportation resources may be obtained from public agencies, the private sector, and volunteer organizations. State and Federal resources may be available on a shortterm basis to augment local capabilities. These resources shall be requested through the Washington Emergency Management Division, State Emergency Operations Center (WAEMD SEOC).

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4.4.

4.5.

Whole Community Involvement 4.5.1. A successful Whole Community transportation program assesses local assets and capabilities, bolsters identified weaknesses and supports locally driven solutions. This includes, but is not limited to, inclusive disaster planning, supporting local response organizations and processes, developing partnerships with supportive groups and agencies, and ensuring a place at the table for government, residents, NGOs, businesses, churches, advocacy organizations, and other stakeholders. 4.5.2 The Whole Community includes populations and individuals with disabilities and Access and Functional Needs (AFN). Any agency or organization that receives federal funding is required to have a plan or policy for addressing the needs of individuals with Limited English Proficiency (LEP), pursuant to Title VI, the Civil Rights Act. The Washington State Emergency Management Division and this ESF expect all agencies and organizations to comply with federal law. For more information on how each agency or organization complies with federal law, please contact the individual agency or organization. 4.5.3 Cowlitz County Emergency Management with support from the CowlitzWahkiakum Council of Governments (CWCOG), as part of federal requirements regarding all transportation plans, uses these strategies to ensure plan efficiency and effectiveness: • Provide multiple methods of public engagement including general dissemination of information through legacy media, informational meetings, the Emergency Management web page, and social media. • Utilize in-person communication opportunities where and when appropriate with the general public. • Place a special emphasis on outreach to minorities, those with disabilities or AFN, the rural population, translating informational materials into Spanish, and having Spanish speaking staff at meetings, as needed. 4.5.4 ESF #1 recognizes that inclusion and accessibility is about more than language translation. Inclusion and accessibility mean a concerted effort to engage populations with limited English proficiency (LEP), disabilities, or other conditions that limit access to recovery services, and to promote effective resource accessibility. No impacted individual should face a unique burden in securing resources for which they qualify and that are available to others.

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Mission Area

Critical Task I.D.

Critical Tasks Critical Transportation

Response

Mission Area

Establish physical access through appropriate transportation corridors and deliver required resources to save lives and to meet the needs of disaster survivors.

Ensure basic human needs are met, stabilize the incident, transition into recovery for an affected area, and restore basic services and community functionality

Clear debris from any route type (i.e., road, rail, airfield, port facility, waterway) to facilitate response operations.

Critical Task I.D.

Critical Tasks Infrastructure Systems

Response

Decrease and stabilize immediate infrastructure threats to the affected population to include survivors in the heavily damaged zone, nearby communities that may be affected by cascading effects, and mass care support facilities and evacuation processing centers with a focus on life-sustainment and congregate care services. Re-establish critical infrastructure within the affected areas to support ongoing emergency response operations, life sustainment, community functionality, and a transition to recovery.

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Mission Area

Critical Task I.D.

Critical Tasks Infrastructure Systems

Recovery

Restore and sustain essential services (public and private) to maintain community functionality.

Mission Area

Critical Task I.D.

Critical Tasks Economic Recovery

Conduct a preliminary assessment of economic issues and identify potential inhibitors to foster stabilization of the affected communities.

Return affected area’s economy within the specified timeframe in the recovery plan.

Recovery

5. Organization 5.1.

5.2.

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6. Direction, Control, and Coordination 6.1.

The Transportation Coordinator (TC) will report to the Cowlitz County EOC and help coordinate mass transportation activities when required.

6.2.

Emergency transportation operations may begin with support to Law Enforcement, Emergency Medical Services, and/or Fire and Damage Assessment Teams.

6.3.

6.4.

6.5.

6.6

7. Information Collection, Analysis, and Dissemination 7.1.

Information collection on transportation services and infrastructure status will be coordinated through ESF #1 and the Cowlitz County EOC or other designated points as appropriate to the incident. 8 | Pa g e

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ESF 12

7.2.

7.3.

7.4.

7.5.

The EOC will be responsible for collection, verification, analysis, and dissemination of the latest incident information using Situation Reports (SitRep), WebEOC, and similar channels.

8. Responsibilities Response Mission Area Critical Task I.D.

Activity / Action

Organizations(s) Name

Critical Transportation

Obtain an initial assessment of transportation assets currently in use and transportation needs; determines the appropriate management response to meet the request for assistance.

Public Works Cowlitz County and municipalities

Critical Transportation

Provide transportation resources as available to support operations.

Public / Private Transportation

Core Capability

School Districts Public Works Cowlitz County and municipalities

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Critical Transportation

1, 2

Block off streets and roads and establish detours as appropriate and directed by EOC or law enforcement agencies.

Determine which roads, runways, and railways within their jurisdiction are unusable and report information to the Cowlitz County EOC.

ESF 12

Washington State Patrol

Public Works Cowlitz County and municipalities Public / Private Transportation Kelso Airport BNSF Railway

Critical Transportation

Provides contracting services through ESF #3 for transportation operations to obtain heavy equipment and/or demolition services as needed.

Public Works Cowlitz County and municipalities

Critical Transportation

Emergency Management

Critical Transportation

Provide transportation assistance planning to restore community functionality. Initiate debris removal and street/runway/railroad repair, where possible

Public Works Cowlitz County and municipalities Public / Private Transportation

Infrastructure Systems

Kelso Airport BNSF Railway 1

Provides structural analysis of critical transportation infrastructure to determine its stability/safety.

Infrastructure Systems

1, 2

Provides support in the emergency restoration of critical transportation infrastructure

Infrastructure Systems

1, 2, 3

Provides aerial imagery and reconnaissance, as requested.

U.S. Army Corps of Engineers WA Dept. of Transportation U.S. Army Corps of Engineers WA Dept. of Transportation Civil Air Patrol WA Dept. of Transportation

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Recovery Mission Area Core Capability

Critical Task I.D.

Activity / Action

Organizations(s) Name Emergency Management

Economic Recovery

Infrastructure Systems

1, 2

1, 3

Assess the economic issues to stabilize communities and the county within a specified timeframe in the recovery plan.

Coordinate and collaborate in restoring the transportation infrastructure through ESF #3 (Public Works & Engineering).

Maintain logistics support through the EOC for mobilizing resources for transportation.

CowlitzWahkiakum Council of Gov’t Public Works Cowlitz County and municipalities All Primary, Coordination, and Support Organizations Public Works Cowlitz County and municipalities Emergency Management Emergency Management

Infrastructure Systems

Coordinate a recovery plan for redeveloping the transportation infrastructure.

Public Works Cowlitz County and municipalities CowlitzWahkiakum Council of Gov’t U.S. Army Corps of Engineers

9. Resource Requirements Resources

Providers

Desktop or laptop

Cowlitz County EOC (may bring home agency laptop) EOC, Emergency Management, own agency EOC and/or home agency

WebEOC login (Guest Account) Contact Master List (phone, email)

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Internet and drive access Home agencies’ SOPs Desk phone Two-way radio

EOC, Emergency Management Home agency/organization EOC, Emergency Management EOC and/or home agency

Training

Providers

G0191 – ICS-IMT/EOC Interface ICS 100, 200, 700, 800 ICS 300, 400 Position-Specific training G2300

Cowlitz Emergency Management, WAEMD Cowlitz Emergency Management, FEMA - IS Cowlitz Emergency Management, WAEMD Cowlitz Emergency Management, WAEMD Cowlitz Emergency Management, WAEMD

10. Reference and Supporting Plans ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪

ESF 2 (Communications) ESF 3 (Public Works and Engineering) ESF 5 (Emergency Management) ESF 6 (Mass Care, Emergency Assistance, Housing, Human Services) ESF 7 (Logistics and Resource Support) ESF 8 (Public Health and Medical Services) ESF 10 (Oil and Hazardous Materials) ESF 12 (Energy) ESF 13 (Public Safety, Law Enforcement, Security) ESF 14 (Recovery) Washington State Military Department, Emergency Management Division, Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan (CEMP), ESF 1. Revised Code of Washington (RCW) Title 47, Public Highways and Transportation Washington Administrative Code (WAC) Title 468, Department of Transportation

11. Terms and Definitions Cowlitz-Wahkiakum Council of Governments (CWCOG) •

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ESF 12

It provides a forum for members to work together on issues which cross jurisdictional lines and require cooperative resolutions. In addition, the agency itself provides planning and technical services in the areas of transportation, economic development, community development, and project support to our members. •

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ESF 13

Public Safety, Law Enforcement, Security Emergency Support Function (ESF) 13 Coordinating: • Cowlitz County Emergency Management Primary: • Cowlitz County Sheriff’s Office • Police Departments of Longview, Kelso, Woodland, Kalama, and Castle Rock Support: • Cowlitz County Emergency Management • Cowlitz County Fire Districts and Longview Fire Department • Cowlitz 911 • Cowlitz County Department of Corrections • Cowlitz County Prosecuting Attorney’s Office • Public Works of County and Cities • Washington State Patrol (WSP) • Ground Transportation – Public and Private • Washington State Department of Transportation (WSDOT) • American Red Cross (ARC) • Southwest Washington Humane Society The following Emergency Support Functions (ESF) or Recovery Functions support or coordinate with this ESF 1 (Transportation): • In the Prevention Phase: o Supporting ▪ ESF 5 (Emergency Management) ▪ ESF 15 (Public Affairs) o Coordinating: ▪ ESF 5 (Emergency Management) • In the Protection Phase: o Supporting: ▪ ESF 1 (Transportation) ▪ ESF 2 (Communications) ▪ ESF 3 (Public Works & Engineering) ▪ ESF 5 (Emergency Management) ▪ ESF 7 (Logistics) ▪ ESF 12 (Energy) ▪ ESF 15 (Public Affairs) o Coordinating: 1 | Pa g e (033026)

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•

ESF 13

▪ ESF 5 (Emergency Management) In the Response Phase: o Supporting: ▪ ESF 1 (Transportation) ▪ ESF 2 (Communications) ▪ ESF 3 (Public Works & Engineering) ▪ ESF 4 (Firefighting) ▪ ESF 5 (Emergency Management) ▪ ESF 6 (Mass Care) ▪ ESF 7 (Logistics) ▪ ESF 8 (Public Health & Medical Services) ▪ ESF 10 (Oil & Hazardous Materials) ▪ ESF 12 (Energy) ▪ ESF 15 (Public Affairs) o Coordinating: ▪ ESF 5 (Emergency Management) In the Recovery Phase: o Supporting: ▪ ESF 5 (Emergency Management) ▪ ESF 6 (Mass Care) ▪ ESF 7 (Logistics) ▪ ESF 11 (Agriculture & Natural Resources) ▪ ESF 12 (Energy) ▪ ESF 15 (Public Affairs) o Coordinating: ▪ ESF 5 (Emergency Management)

1. Purpose 1.1 Emergency Support Function #13 – Public Safety, Law Enforcement, and Security provide for coordination and guidance of public safety and security capabilities and resources to support the full range of incident management activities including evacuation and movement of population (people and/or animals) stricken by, or threatened by, a disaster to locations providing relative safety and shelter. Primary and Support Core Capability Shared Response and Recovery Mission Areas Deliver coordinated, prompt, reliable, and actionable information to the whole community through the use of clear, Public Information and Warning consistent, accessible, and culturally and linguistically appropriate methods to effectively relay information regarding any threat or hazard and, as appropriate, 2 | Pa g e (033026)

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the actions being taken, and the assistance being made available.

Planning

Primary Core Capability Response Mission Area Conduct a systematic process engaging the whole community as appropriate in the development of executable strategic, operational, and/or tactical-level approaches to meet defined objectives.

Operational Coordination

On-scene Security, Protection, & Law Enforcement

Establish and maintain a unified and coordinated operational structure and process that appropriately integrates all critical stakeholders and supports the execution of Core Capabilities. Ensure a safe and secure environment through law enforcement and related security and protection operations for people and communities located within affected areas and also for response personnel engaged in lifesaving and lifesustaining operations.

Support Core Capability Response Mission Area Provide transportation (including infrastructure access and accessible transportation services) for response priority objectives, including the evacuation of people and animals and the delivery of vital response personnel, equipment, and services into the affected areas.

Critical Transportation

Fire Management & Suppression

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Mass Search & Rescue Operations

Deliver traditional and atypical search and rescue capabilities, including personnel, services, animals, and assets to survivors in need, with the goal of saving the greatest number of endangered lives in the shortest time possible. Provide all decision makers with decision-relevant information regarding the nature and extent of the hazard, any cascading effects, and the status of the response.

Situational Assessment

2. Authorities/Policies 2.1. Under emergency or disaster conditions, public safety activities are the responsibility of the law enforcement agency within each governmental jurisdiction. In unincorporated areas of Cowlitz County, the Sheriff will exercise authority.

2.2 In most incident situations, local jurisdictions have primary authority and responsibility for law enforcement activities, utilizing the Incident Command System on-scene. In larger-scale incidents, additional resources should first be obtained through the activation of mutual aid agreements with neighboring jurisdictions and/or State authorities, with incident operations managed through a Unified Command structure.

2.3. WAC 118-30-060 – Emergency Plan (section 2. g.): Each political subdivision shall maintain a current plan of operations which shall be based on a hazard analysis and shall include a functional description of how operational components will be addressed, including evacuation and movement.

2.4. While an Incident Commander and chief elected officials have the authority to order an evacuation, in the State of Washington, no one can force an adult property owner to leave their property.

2.5. RCW 38.52.010(5) states that “emergency management” or “comprehensive emergency management” does not mean preparation for emergency evacuation or relocation of residents in anticipation of nuclear attack. This ESF is not an attempt to circumvent the intent of the RCW. Rather, it is to alert local jurisdictions to participate 4 | Pa g e (033026)

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in the mitigation, preparedness, response, and recovery emergency management activities, associated with evacuation and recovery, other than a nuclear attack.

3. Situation Overview 3.1. During emergencies, police services must be expanded to provide the increased protection required by disaster conditions. Adequate law enforcement resources and services will often be available through existing mutual aid agreements and, if cities’ capabilities become overtaxed, support can be provided by the county and augmented by state and federal law enforcement.

3.2. The resources of any department or agency will be under the administrative control of 3.3 3.4. 3.5.

3.6. 3.7. 3.8.

their respective agency and under operational control of the Incident Commander according to the layout of the incident command structure. Local law enforcement agencies share mutual aid agreements and will cooperate according to parameters set forth in such documents. Upon the declaration of an emergency by the governor, the National Guard may be available to augment police forces. Anticipated demand for police services may require coordinating agencies to effectively allocate resources. During emergency operations, law enforcement resources may be in short supply. Transportation routes may be damaged or destroyed requiring close coordination between the county Sheriff’s Office and cities’ law enforcement agencies, WSP, and Washington State Department of Transportation (WSDOT). Cowlitz County Emergency Management and/or the Cowlitz County EOC may be activated and assist with evacuation coordination. The American Red Cross serving Southwest Washington will be the coordinating agency for sheltering and feeding evacuees. (See ESF 6 – Mass Care, Housing, and Human Services). An emergency or disaster could require the evacuation of many people and/or animals in or near a threatened or stricken area. The operation of a major evacuation may be difficult due to compromising factors like the isolation of an area, the difficulty of providing adequate and timely warning and limited transportation routes and capabilities. Operations could be further complicated for those individuals with Access and Functional Needs or Limited English Proficiency.

4. Concept of Operations

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4.1.

Emergency law enforcement operations will be an expansion of normal functions and responsibilities. These responsibilities will include maintenance of law and order, traffic control, and crowd control.

4.2.

Law enforcement service organizations are to keep the Cowlitz County EOC informed of changes in law enforcement resource availability or law enforcement service requirements in their jurisdiction. Coordination among law enforcement units will be affected through the Cowlitz County EOC.

4.3.

As local law enforcement resources are exhausted, supplementary resource assistance will be obtained through mutual aid agreements, other Cowlitz County departments, other ESFs, and then through state emergency management channels.

4.4.

Requests for resources will be prioritized, and resources may be allocated and deployed in mission assignments. Missions will be tracked, and resources will be reassigned as they become available for subsequent uses.

4.5.

It is critical that evacuation information for the public is timely and accurate. The Emergency PIO or Joint Information Center (JIC) will be kept informed of all relevant information. All public warnings and announcements about evacuation will be made through the appropriate public safety agency jurisdiction and/or after coordination with the JIC and the Cowlitz County EOC. (See ESF 15 – Public Affairs).

4.6.

Support search and rescue operations.

4.7.

Continue monitoring situation(s) for law enforcement needs and assistance.

4.8.

Maintain contact with Cowlitz 911 to coordinate resources and response personnel.

4.9.

Evacuation levels have been established as follows:

Level 1 BE READY! – BE ALERT!

The public is warned of a projected threat to their area. Preparation and precautionary movement of persons with special needs, mobile property, and pets/livestock. A significant safety risk exists in your area, and the public should get set to evacuate at moment’s notice. If you have mobility or medical issues, consider leaving.

Level 2 GET SET!

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Level 3 GO! LEAVE NOW!

Current conditions present immediate threat(s) to life and safety within this area. The public should evacuate now. If you stay, you may not be rescued.

4.10. Evacuation of people from certain areas to prevent injury and/or death is sometimes

an appropriate protective action. These areas may include those directly affected and those that may be potentially affected by the event.

4.11. Consideration should be given to the potential safety gained by moving the people as opposed to the risk posed by the hazard, the warning time available and the time available to evacuate (situations will occur in which sheltering in place will be the safest option). Evacuation is to be considered a round-trip process. Immediate planning should include people being informed as they are being evacuated, security of the area(s) while evacuated, and a plan in place to allow them to return.

4.12. Direction and control of evacuation is exercised primarily on-scene. Mechanical

considerations of evacuation are outlined in this and other ESFs (i.e., mass care, transportation, etc.). Social processes and economic consequences should also be considered. A local Emergency Proclamation should be considered to ease implementation and enforcement of the evacuation process.

4.13. The actual message to citizens requesting they evacuate should be clear and concise: • • • •

Contain specific information as to the hazard and the specific risk. Where citizens are supposed to go What routes they should take What provisions have been made for shelter

4.14. Whole Community Involvement 4.5.1. Jurisdictional law enforcement departments reach out to their entire communities through community policing, including home, personal property, and personal safety tips/checklists. The community policing philosophy focuses on citizen involvement as an integral part of the solution to crime problems. Police departments across the state are adopting this philosophy in one form or another and beginning to work hand in hand with individuals, National Night Out, neighborhood organizations, and other community groups to attack the root cause of crime. Cowlitz County Emergency Management physically and electronically distributes outreach material on evacuation levels and emergency preparedness. 4.5.2 The Whole Community includes populations with individuals with disabilities and Access and Functional Needs (AFN). Any agency or organization that receives federal funding is required to have a plan or policy for addressing the needs of individuals with Limited English Proficiency (LEP), pursuant to Title VI, the Civil Rights Act. The 7 | Pa g e (033026)

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Washington State Emergency Management Division and this ESF expect all agencies and organizations to comply with federal law. For more information on how each agency or organization complies with federal law, please contact the individual agency or organization.

Mission Area

Critical Task I.D.

Critical Tasks Planning Develop operational plans that adequately identify critical objectives based on the planning requirement, provide a complete and integrated picture of the sequence and scope of the tasks to achieve the objectives, and are implementable within the timeframe contemplated in the plan using available resources.

Response

Mission Area

Critical Task I.D.

Critical Tasks

Public Information and Warning

Inform all affected segments of society of critical lifesaving and life-sustaining information necessary, including accessible tools, to expedite the delivery of emergency services and aid the public to take protective actions.

Deliver credible and actionable messages to inform ongoing emergency services and the public about protective measures and other life-sustaining actions and facilitate the transition to recovery.

Response

Recovery

Reach all populations within the community with effective actionable recovery related public information messaging and communications that are accessible to people with disabilities and people with limited 8 | Pa g e

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English proficiency; protect the health and safety of the affected population; help manage expectations; and ensure stakeholders have a clear understanding of available assistance and their roles and responsibilities.

Mission Area

Critical Task I.D.

Critical Tasks

Operational Coordination

Enhance and maintain command, control, and coordination structures consistent with the National Incident Management System (NIMS) to meet basic human needs, stabilize the incident, and transition to recovery.

Critical Task I.D.

Critical Tasks

Response

Mission Area

Critical Transportation

Establish physical access through appropriate transportation corridors and deliver required resources to save lives and to meet the needs of disaster survivors.

Ensure basic human needs are met, stabilize the incident, transition into recovery for an affected area, and restore basic services and community functionality.

Response

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Mission Area

Critical Task I.D.

Critical Tasks

On-scene Security, Protection, & Law Enforcement Establish a safe and secure environment in an affected area.

Response 2

Mission Area

Critical Task I.D.

Critical Tasks

Fire Management & Suppression 1

Provide traditional first response or initial attack firefighting services.

Conduct expanded or extended attack firefighting and support operations through coordinated response of fire management and specialized fire suppression resources.

Response

Ensure the coordinated deployment of appropriate local, regional, and national fire management and fire suppression resources to reinforce firefighting efforts and maintain an appropriate level of protection for subsequent fires.

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Mission Area

Critical Task I.D.

ESF 13

Critical Tasks

Mass Search & Rescue Operations 1

Conduct search and rescue operations to locate and rescue persons in distress.

Initiate community-based search and rescue support operations across a wide, geographically dispersed area

Ensure the synchronized deployment of local, regional, and potentially national (USAR) teams to reinforce ongoing search and rescue efforts and transition to recovery.

Critical Task I.D.

Critical Tasks

Response

Mission Area

Economic Recovery

Response

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5. Organization 5.1.

The ESF #13 position is staffed by the appropriate jurisdiction’s law enforcement agency. The ESF #13 position, when activated, operates in the Cowlitz County EOC and is a member of the Operations Coordination Section reporting to the Operations Coordination Section Chief. This position is the link to law enforcement operations in the field.

5.2.

The ESF #13 position provides subject-matter expertise to other EOC positions. Based on potential need, this ESF may operate on a 24-hour basis. Supporting agencies have representatives available at the EOC or by telephone, text, or email on a 24-hour basis while ESF #13 is operational.

5.3.

Precautionary evacuations may be authorized by the Chief Elected Official, or designee, while emergency evacuations may be authorized by the following: • Incident Commander • Sheriff or Police Chief • Fire Chief • Health Officer, or designee

5.4.

Anticipate that people may be hesitant to evacuate and may seek confirmation of the evacuation request from neighbors, friends, and relatives. Research has shown incentives exist which can be provided to people to encourage them to leave. These include the following: Incentives to Encourage People to Leave During an Evacuation Situation • Evacuation request should be made by elected officials or other recognized authority • Contact should be made by uniformed personnel • Information should be provided as to the exact nature of the threat • The evacuation request should be disseminated from multiple sources if possible • Assurances should be provided of security and property protection • Provisions for alternative emergency transportation should be provided, if needed • Provisions for reducing family separation anxiety, such as information about schools (if involved) should be considered • Provisions for pets should be considered • Provide information as to what exactly is expected of the citizens in the threatened area • Ensure that messages from the field and official sources are consistent 12 | P a g e

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• Provide an avenue for evacuees to obtain updates

6. Direction, Control, and Coordination 6.1.

ESF #13 is organized in accordance with the National Response Framework (NRF).

6.2.

Horizontal Integration – This annex is concerned with the Response Mission Area. It is an interagency plan that provides direction to county government entities concerned with responding to public safety, law enforcement, and/or security-related issues following a disaster. 6.2.1. The emergency management staff and mutual aid coordinators mobilize available resources within the Cowlitz County operational area, request additional resources through the State EOC, and provide overall situation information to local jurisdictions.

6.3.

Vertical Integration - This ESF Annex should integrate vertically into state and federal response plans as well as the Cities’ plans at the local level. This annex should remain flexible to coordinate with other plans or bodies that align with the Core Capabilities and Critical Tasks listed in this annex. 6.3.1. Recommendation: Local governments should develop and maintain public safety, law enforcement, and/or security-related response plans to assist with response integration efforts. 6.3.2. Recommendation: Integration with the Response Federal Interagency Operational Plan (FIOP) and the Washington State Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan.

7. Information Collection, Analysis, and Dissemination 7.1.

Information collection regarding public safety, law enforcement, and/or securityrelated services status will be coordinated through ESF #13 and the EOC or other designated point as appropriate to the incident.

7.2.

The local Incident Commander (IC) or designee is responsible for providing situation reports and periodic updates to keep the EOC informed. The EOC or designee shall provide situation reports to local support agencies, jurisdictions, and the Washington State Emergency Management Division (WAEMD) – State Emergency Operations Center (SEOC) as appropriate.

7.3.

Jurisdiction, agency, private-sector, non-governmental, and volunteer organization representatives within the EOC will assist with meeting the information collection,

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verification, analysis, and dissemination needs/methods of the JIC and EOC. This will include maintaining contact with their local PIOs for reports and updates.

7.3.

Some incoming public safety, law enforcement, and/or security-related services information/requests into the EOC may require a vetting process through the Policy Group (MACG) and/or the EOC Manager due to legal, policy, ethical, or other concerns.

7.5.

The EOC will be responsible for collection, verification, analysis, and dissemination of the latest incident information and resources.

8. Responsibilities Response Mission Area Core Capability Planning

Planning

Public Information and Warning

Critical Task I.D. 1

1, 2

Activity / Action

Organizations(s) Name

Provide expertise and coordination for security planning efforts.

Cowlitz County Sheriff’s Office and Cities’ Police Departments

Function as lead agencies in the provision of fire suppression and control, and immediate life safety services within their respective fire jurisdictions and support other fire protection agencies if they are signatories to a mutual aid agreement.

County Fire Agencies and Longview Fire

Informs and delivers relevant public evacuation information (including limited English proficiency individuals) in facilities where mass care services are provided.

Cowlitz County Sheriff’s Office and Cities’ Police Departments Emergency Management Cowlitz 911

Public Information and Warning

1, 2

Informs and delivers relevant public evacuation information (including limited English proficiency individuals) to all people within pre-determined evacuation areas.

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Cowlitz 911 Public Information and Warning

1, 2

Coordinate public information through ESF #15 (Public Affairs).

Operational Coordination

Determines the appropriate management response to meet the request for assistance.

Cowlitz County Sheriff’s Office and Cities’ Police Departments

Report to the county EOC as soon as possible after notification, conditions permitting.

Cowlitz County Sheriff’s Office and Cities’ Police Departments

The ARC will coordinate agreements with potential shelter sites for use on their facilities during an emergency or disaster. (See ESF 6 – Mass Care, Housing and Human Services)

American Red Cross

Operational Coordination

Establish and maintain an appropriately scaled command, control, and coordination structures consistent with the National Incident Management System (NIMS) and Incident Command System (ICS) to meet basic human needs, stabilize the incident, and transition to recovery through ESF #13.

Emergency Management

Cowlitz County Sheriff’s Office and Cities’ Police Departments

Operational Coordination

Critical Transportation

Coordinate route alerting and notification of threatened populations.

Cowlitz County Sheriff’s Office and Cities’ Police Departments

Critical Transportation

Coordinate emergency signs and other traffic barricade devices before, during and after evacuation.

Cowlitz County & Cities’ Public Works

1, 2

Assist as appropriate with the evacuation of affected citizens by expediting movement of vehicles and pedestrians from the evacuation area.

Cowlitz County Sheriff’s Office and Cities’ Police Departments

Support transportation of community members to shelters or evacuation points.

Private Transportation Carriers School Districts Transportation

Critical Transportation

1, 2

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Cowlitz County & Cities’ Public Works On-scene Security, Protection, & Law Enforcement On-scene Security, Protection, & Law Enforcement On-scene Security, Protection, & Law Enforcement On-scene Security, Protection, & Law Enforcement

Coordinate access, traffic, and crowd control in and around affected areas.

Cowlitz County Sheriff’s Office and Cities’ Police Departments

Establish a safe and secure environment in and around the correctional institutes should prisoners need to be evacuated.

Cowlitz County Sheriff’s Office and Cities’ Police Departments

Provide and maintain on-scene security and adequate personnel to meet the protection needs of the affected prison population.

Cowlitz County Sheriff’s Office and Cities’ Police Departments Cowlitz County Corrections

1, 2

Establish security and protection of critical facilities, including the EOC.

Cowlitz County Sheriff’s Office and Cities’ Police Departments

Provide legal counsel as requested during emergencies or disasters.

Cowlitz County Prosecuting Attorney’s Office

Assist with traditional first response and ambulatory transport as needed.

County Fire Agencies and Longview Fire

Fire Management & Suppression

Provides technical assistance and advice in the event of fires involving hazardous materials.

County Fire Agencies and Longview Fire

Fire Management & Suppression

2, 3

Provides firefighting assistance to other organizations as requested under the terms of existing agreements.

County Fire Agencies and Longview Fire

On-scene Security, Protection, & Law Enforcement Fire Management & Suppression

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Mass Search & Rescue Operations

Assist law enforcement with making notifications to those in the evacuation area of the need to leave the area.

ESF 13

Cowlitz County Sheriff’s Office Emergency Management Cowlitz 911

Mass Search & Rescue Operations

1, 2

Initiate and conduct the search and rescue effort outside of the five Cities that may be accompanied with the evacuation effort.

Mass Search & Rescue Operations

1, 2

Initiate and conduct the search and rescue effort within the five Cities that may be accompanied by the evacuation effort.

County Fire Agencies and Longview Fire

Situational Assessment

1, 2

Provide for registration and accounting of evacuated persons.

American Red Cross

Situational Assessment

1, 2

Provide for registration and accounting of evacuated animals.

Southwest Washington Humane Society

Deliver situation report information through established intelligence procedures to inform decision making regarding immediate lifesaving and lifesustaining activities.

Cowlitz County Sheriff’s Office and Cities’ Police Departments

Deliver situation report and damage assessment information through established intelligence procedures to inform decision making regarding immediate lifesaving and life-sustaining activities.

Cowlitz County & Cities’ Public Works

Situational Assessment

Cowlitz County Sheriff’s Office and Cities’ Police Departments

Recovery Mission Area Core Capability Public Information and Warning

Critical Task I.D. 1

Activity / Action Coordinate public information through ESF #15 (Public Affairs) regarding effective actionable recovery-related repopulation messaging and communications.

Organizations(s) Name Emergency Management

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9. Resource Requirements Resources

Providers

Desktop or laptop WebEOC login (Guest Account) Contact Master List (phone, email) Internet and drive access Home agencies’ SOPs Desk phone Two-way radio

Training

Providers

G0191 – ICS-IMT/EOC Interface ICS 100, 200, 700, 800 ICS 300, 400 Position-Specific training G2300

Cowlitz Emergency Management, WAEMD Cowlitz Emergency Management, FEMA - IS Cowlitz Emergency Management, WAEMD Cowlitz Emergency Management, WAEMD Cowlitz Emergency Management, WAEMD

10. Reference and Supporting Plans ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪

ESF 1 (Transportation) ESF 2 (Communications) ESF 3 (Public Works and Engineering) ESF 4 (Firefighting) ESF 5 (Emergency Management) ESF 6 (Mass Care, Emergency Assistance, Housing, Human Services) ESF 7 (Logistics and Resource Support) ESF 8 (Public Health and Medical Services) ESF 10 (Oil and Hazardous Materials) ESF 11 (Agriculture & Natural Resources) ESF 15 (Public Affairs) Washington State Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan (CEMP) Revised Code of Washington (RCW) 10.93 - Washington Mutual Aid Peace Officers Powers Act

11. Terms and Definitions 11.1. National Response Framework (NRF) – The National Response Framework is a

guide to how the Nation responds to all types of disasters and emergencies. It is built

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on scalable, flexible, and adaptable concepts identified in the National Incident Management System to align key roles and responsibilities across the Nation.

11.2. Response Federal Interagency Operational Plan (FIOP) – This FIOP describes how the Federal Government delivers core capabilities for the Response mission area.

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ESF 14

EMERGENCY SUPPORT FUNCTION 14: RECOVERY

Recovery Emergency Support Function (ESF) 14 Coordinating: • Cowlitz County Emergency Management Primary: • Cowlitz County Board Of County Commissioners (BOCC) • City Mayors/Councils of Longview, Kelso, Woodland, Kalama, and Castle Rock • Cowlitz County Emergency Management Support: • American Red Cross (ARC) • Fire Services of Cowlitz County and City of Longview • Cowlitz County Sheriff’s Office and City Police Departments • Public Works agencies from Cowlitz County and the five Cities • Cowlitz 911 • Cowlitz County Coroner’s Office • Cowlitz County Emergency Medical Services (EMS) • Cowlitz County Department of Health and Human Services • Southwest Washington Humane Society • Cowlitz-Wahkiakum Council of Governments • Washington State Patrol (WSP) • Washington State Department of Transportation (WSDOT) • Energy and Utilities Providers • Washington State Department of Ecology The following Emergency Support Functions (ESF) or Recovery Functions support or coordinate with this ESF 1 (Transportation): • In the Mitigation Phase: o Supporting: ▪ ESF 4 (Firefighting) ▪ ESF 5 (Emergency Management) ▪ ESF 12 (Energy) ▪ ESF 15 (Public Affairs) o Coordinating: ▪ ESF 5 (Emergency Management) • In the Response Phase: o Supporting: ▪ ESF 1 (Transportation) ▪ ESF 2 (Communications) 1 | Pa g e (033026)

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•

ESF 14

▪ ESF 3 (Public Works & Engineering) ▪ ESF 4 (Firefighting) ▪ ESF 7 (Logistics) ▪ ESF 8 (Public Health & Medical Services) ▪ ESF 10 (Oil & Hazardous Materials) ▪ ESF 11 (Agriculture & Natural Resources ▪ ESF 12 (Energy) ▪ ESF 13 (Public Safety, Security & Evacuation) ▪ ESF 14 (Long-Term Recovery) ▪ ESF 15 (Public Affairs) o Coordinating: ▪ ESF 5 (Emergency Management) In the Recovery Phase: o Supporting: ▪ ESF 1 (Transportation) ▪ ESF 2 (Communications) ▪ ESF 3 (Public Works & Engineering) ▪ ESF 6 (Mass Care) ▪ ESF 7 Logistics) ▪ ESF 8 (Public Health & Medical Services) ▪ ESF 11 (Agriculture & Natural Resources ▪ ESF 12 (Energy) ▪ ESF 13 (Public Safety, Security & Evacuation) ▪ ESF 15 (Public Affairs) o Coordinating: ▪ ESF 5 (Emergency Management)

1. Purpose 1.1 Emergency Support Function (ESF) #14 – Recovery assigns responsibilities and provides for coordination of local governments, non-governmental organizations (NGOs), and the private sector during the recovery period following a disaster while establishing guidance for timely assessment of damages. This ESF also provides assistance to affected individuals, families, businesses, private non-profit organizations, Cowlitz County, and municipal governments following the declaration of a federal disaster to enhance community recovery from the long-term/ongoing consequences of extraordinary disasters. Primary Core Capability Shared Response and Recovery Mission Areas Conduct a systematic process engaging the whole community as appropriate in Planning the development of executable strategic, 2 | Pa g e (033026)

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operational, and/or tactical-level approaches to meet defined objectives.

Public Information & Warning

Operational Coordination

Infrastructure Systems

Support Core Capability All Mission Areas Provide transportation (including infrastructure access and accessible transportation services) for response priority objectives, including the evacuation of people and animals and the delivery of vital response personnel, equipment, and services into the affected areas.

Critical Transportation

Logistics & Supply Chain Management

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Mass Care Services

Operational Communication

Public Health, Healthcare & EMS

Provide lifesaving medical treatment via Situational Assessment Medical Services and related operations and avoid additional disease and injury by providing targeted public health, medical, and behavioral health support and products to all affected populations. Provide all decision makers with decision-relevant information regarding the nature and extent of the hazard, any cascading effects, and the status of the response.

Situational Assessment

Primary Core Capability Recovery Mission Areas Return economic and business activities (including food and agriculture) to a healthy state and develop new business and employment opportunities that result in an economically viable community.

Economic Recovery

Health & Social Services

Restore and improve health and social services capabilities and networks to promote the resilience, independence, health (including behavioral health), and well-being of the whole community. Implement housing solutions that effectively support the needs of the whole community and contribute to its sustainability and resilience.

Housing

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Natural & Cultural Resources

ESF 14

2. Authorities/Policies 2.1. Recovery and restoration activities are operational in nature and begin while response operation activities are still underway. If an emergency or disaster exceeds, or is expected to exceed, capabilities of local government, a local declaration of emergency is made by the legislative heads of the involved governments in accordance with RCW 36.40.180 for counties and RCW 35.33.081 for cities. A county declaration may be prepared by Cowlitz County Emergency Management but must be approved and signed by the Cowlitz County Board Of Commissioners (BOCC) as an ordinance or resolution and sent to the Washington State Military Department, Emergency Management Division (WEMD)/State Emergency Operations Center (SEOC). This declaration is a prerequisite for state and federal assistance.

2.2 A Preliminary Damage Assessment (PDA) will be made when a disaster occurs to determine the extent of damages. The PDA will be accomplished using municipal, county, and volunteer personnel.

2.3. It is the policy of Cowlitz County governments/jurisdictions to coordinate with state and federal agencies to facilitate the delivery of private and public assistance programs, including identification of appropriate site(s) for any Disaster Recovery Center(s).

2.4. The Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) will provide recovery and restoration assistance through application when the damages exceed, or are expected to exceed, the capabilities of Cowlitz County and local jurisdictions. FEMA provides a “A Guide To The Disaster Declaration Process and Federal Disaster Assistance” to assist the local entities through the application process. 2.5. FEMA’s Public Assistance guidance can be found in the Public Assistance Program and Policy Guide (PAPPG).

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3. Situation Overview 3.1. ESF #14 should be implemented during incidents where recovery may require the coordination of multiple jurisdictions or agencies, where Cowlitz County lacks the capacity to manage recovery without technical assistance, or during any incident where a Presidential Emergency or Major Disaster Declaration may be requested.

3.2. At all times there will be an on-call Emergency Management Duty Officer to provide emergency management support to city jurisdictions, county departments/agencies, and Cowlitz 911.

3.3

Immediate and continued collection, processing, and dissemination of situational information is required during urgent response operations in an emergency or disaster, or the threat of one. ESF #14 will rely on local reports and damage assessments as well as information from other ESFs to develop a countywide summary of events, damages, and response operations.

4. Concept of Operations 4.1.

General 4.1.1. Each political subdivision and agency or organization will: • Complete a detailed damage assessment process. • Coordinate recovery and restoration activities with EOC and WEMD SEOC. • Apply for public assistance programs, if eligible. • Designate an “Agency Representative” responsible for all recovery activities. • Work with the Damage Survey Report (DSR) teams to verify and document eligible assistance projects. 4.1.2. Each agency or organization is responsible for recovery costs within existing budget limitations. If costs exceed existing budget authority, the legislative authority of the respective jurisdiction needs to provide appropriate action. 4.1.3. Each agency or organization is responsible for documenting all disaster related costs and activities and forwarding this information to the EOC. 4.1.4. The EOC will coordinate priorities for recovery activities if the situation warrants. 4.1.5. WEMD SEOC will coordinate private sector assistance program availability and work within the Joint Information System (JIS) process and/or the Joint Information Center (JIC) to disseminate all pertinent information to the media and/or public.

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4.1.6. 4.1.7.

4.1.8.

4.2.

ESF 14

Local public and private utility service providers will restore services based on their policies and procedures and will coordinate pertinent activities with the EOC and the WEMD SEOC. The Washington Restoration Framework (WRF) will serve as the guidance for the continuation of state recovery and restoration. The WRF focuses on: 4.1.7.1. Determining the economic and environmental impact of county and state recovery, their citizens, property, business, and industry. 4.1.7.2. Determining the immediate measures necessary to continue recovery. Detailed accounting systems should be established by each agency and jurisdiction early in the response phase and continued through the recovery to help with any financial reimbursement through the Public Assistance program.

Procedures: 4.2.1 Recovery and restoration operations begin within the local jurisdiction or county and are based on the damage assessment reports received. 4.2.2. Recovery and restoration operations will be conducted from the EOC or other established location. This process will continue until the function is no longer necessary. Recovery and restoration operations may include, but are not limited to: • Establishing of a recovery task force. • Prioritization of activities. • Providing support to local entities, state, and federal teams. • Providing necessary and requested information. • Providing reports and situation updates. • Coordination requirements. 4.2.3. Each agency is responsible and accountable for its own disaster recovery/business resumption plan and program. Agencies using external services must coordinate their disaster recovery/business resumption plans with service providers. 4.2.3. If Cowlitz County is declared a federal disaster area, an applicant briefing will be held to inform all eligible agencies of the process to apply for assistance and what assistance might be available through public assistance programs. 4.2.4. If individual assistance programs are available, individuals should apply for assistance themselves. The EOC, WEMD SEOC and program liaisons will notify the public on program procedures. 4.2.5. The EOC and WEMD SEOC will assist in providing the private sector with contacts from other organizations or sources of assistance as appropriate. 4.2.6. Early Damage Assessment Activity 4.2.6.1. Once the EOC is activated it needs to ensure that Preliminary Damage Assessments (PDAs) are made and reported back to the WEMD SEOC. Personnel and organizations normally called upon to provide personnel for PDA Teams are: 7 | Pa g e

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4.2.7.

4.3.

ESF 14

• Local jurisdiction and county building officials • Local jurisdiction and county public works departments. • Local jurisdiction police and Cowlitz County Sheriff’s Office Damage Verification 4.2.7.1. If Cowlitz County is included within a Presidential Major Disaster or Emergency Declaration area, state and federal inspector teams may be sent to help prepare Damage Survey Reports (DSR)s. A DSR Team will normally consist of one local, one state, and one federal person.

Whole Community Involvement 4.3.1. A successful Whole Community recovery process assesses local assets and capabilities; bolsters identified weaknesses and supports locally driven solutions. This includes, but is not limited to, inclusive disaster planning, supporting local recovery organizations and processes, developing partnerships with supportive groups and agencies, and ensuring a place at the table for government, residents, NGOs, businesses, churches, advocacy organizations, and other stakeholders. 4.3.2. ESF #14 is committed to supporting the development, maintenance, and function of a community-based recovery organization (RO) as well as Whole Community involvement in recovery at the local agency level. ESF #14 will support agency and community recovery processes, identifying opportunities to be supportive of the needs of all communities. 4.3.3. The Whole Community includes populations with individuals with disabilities and Access and Functional Needs (AFN). Any agency or organization that receives federal funding is required to have a plan or policy for addressing the needs of individuals with Limited English Proficiency (LEP), pursuant to Title VI, the Civil Rights Act. The Washington State Emergency Management Division and this ESF expect all agencies and organizations to comply with federal law. For more information on how each agency or organization complies with federal law, please contact the individual agency or organization. 4.3.4. ESF #14 recognizes that inclusion and accessibility is about more than language translation. Inclusion and accessibility mean a concerted effort to engage populations with limited English proficiency (LEP), disabilities, or other conditions that limit access to recovery services, and to promote effective resource accessibility – that is, that no impacted individuals face a unique burden in securing resources for which they qualify, and that are available to others.

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Mission Area

Critical Task I.D.

Critical Tasks

Shared Response & Recovery Planning

Response

Convene the core of an inclusive planning team (identified pre-disaster), which will oversee disaster recovery planning.

Complete an initial recovery plan that provides an overall strategy and timeline, addresses all core capabilities, and integrates socioeconomic, demographic, accessibility, technology, and risk assessment considerations, which will be implemented in accordance with the timeline contained in the plan.

Recovery 2

Mission Area

Critical Task I.D.

Critical Tasks

Shared Response & Recovery, Public Information & Warning

1 Response

Inform all affected segments of society of critical lifesaving and life-sustaining information by all means necessary, including accessible tools, to expedite the delivery of emergency services and aid the public to take protective actions. Deliver credible and actionable messages to inform ongoing emergency services and the public about protective measures and other

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life-sustaining actions and facilitate the transition to recovery. Reach all populations within the community with effective actionable recovery related public information messaging and communications that are accessible to people with disabilities and people with limited English proficiency; protect the health and safety of the affected population; help manage expectations; and ensure stakeholders have a clear understanding of available assistance and their roles and responsibilities.

1 Recovery

Support affected populations and stakeholders with a system that provides appropriate, current information about any continued assistance, steady state resources for long-term impacts, and monitoring programs in an effective and accessible manner.

Mission Area

Critical Task I.D.

Critical Tasks

Shared Response & Recovery, Operational Coordination

1 Response

1 Recovery

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Define the path and timeline for recovery leadership to achieve the jurisdiction’s objectives that effectively coordinates and uses appropriate local, state, and Federal assistance, as well as nongovernmental and private sector resources. This plan is to be implemented within the established timeline.

Mission Area

Critical Task I.D.

Critical Tasks

Shared Response & Recovery Infrastructure Systems

Response 2

Recovery

Decrease and stabilize immediate infrastructure threats to the affected population, to include survivors in the heavily damaged zone, nearby communities that may be affected by cascading effects, and mass care support facilities and evacuation processing centers with a focus on life-sustainment and congregate care services Re-establish critical infrastructure within the affected areas to support ongoing emergency response operations, life sustainment, community functionality, and a transition to recovery.

Provide for the clearance, removal, and disposal of debris.

Formalize partnerships with governmental and private sector emergency response teams to accept, triage, and collaboratively respond to cascading impacts in an efficient manner.

Restore and sustain essential services (public and private) to maintain community functionality.

Develop a plan with a specified timeline for redeveloping community infrastructures to contribute to resiliency, accessibility, and sustainability.

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Mission Area

Provide systems that meet the community needs while minimizing service disruption during restoration within the specified timeline in the recovery plan.

Critical Task I.D.

Critical Tasks Critical Transportation Ensure basic human needs are met, stabilize the incident, transition into recovery for an affected area, and restore basic services and community functionality

Response

Mission Area

Critical Task I.D.

Critical Tasks

Environmental Response/Health & Safety

Identify, assess, and mitigate worker health and safety hazards, and disseminate health and safety guidance and resources to response and recovery workers.

Minimize public exposure to environmental hazards through assessment of the hazards and implementation of public protective actions.

Detect, assess, stabilize, and clean up releases of oil and hazardous materials into the environment, including buildings/structures, and effectively manage waste.

Response

Identify, evaluate, and implement measures to prevent and minimize impacts to the environment, natural and cultural resources, and historic properties from all-hazard emergencies and response operations.

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Mission Area

Critical Task I.D.

Critical Tasks

Logistics & Supply Chain Management

Response

Mission Area

Enhance public and private resources and services support for an affected area.

Critical Task I.D.

Critical Tasks Mass Care Services Move from congregate care to non-congregate care alternatives and provide relocation assistance or interim housing solutions for families unable to return to their pre-disaster homes.

Response

Mission Area

Critical Task I.D.

Critical Tasks

Operational Communications 2 Response 3

Re-establish sufficient communications infrastructure within the affected areas to support ongoing life-sustaining activities, provide basic human needs, and a transition to recovery. Re-establish critical information networks, including cybersecurity information sharing networks, to inform situational awareness, enable incident response, and support the resilience of key systems.

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Mission Area

Critical Task I.D.

Critical Tasks

Public Health, Healthcare & EMS Return medical surge resources to pre-incident levels, complete health assessments, and identify recovery processes.

3 Response

Mission Area

Critical Task I.D.

Critical Tasks Economic Recovery

Conduct a preliminary assessment of economic issues and identify potential inhibitors to foster stabilization of the affected communities.

Return affected area’s economy within the specified timeframe in the recovery plan.

Recovery

Mission Area

Critical Task I.D.

Critical Tasks Economic Recovery

2 Recovery 3

Identify affected populations, groups, and key partners in short-term, intermediate, and longterm recovery. Complete an assessment of community health and social service needs; prioritize these needs, including accessibility requirements, based on the whole community’s input and participation in the recovery planning process; and develop a comprehensive recovery timeline. Restore health care (including behavioral health), public health, and social services functions. 14 | P a g e

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Mission Area

Critical Task I.D.

Critical Tasks Housing Assess preliminary housing impacts and needs, identify currently available options for temporary housing, and plan for permanent housing.

Recovery

Establish a resilient and sustainable housing market that meets the needs of the community, including the need for accessible housing within the specified timeframe in the recovery plan.

Mission Area

Critical Task I.D.

Critical Tasks

Natural and Cultural Resources

Recovery

Implement measures to protect and stabilize records and culturally significant documents, objects, and structures.

Complete an assessment of affected natural and cultural resources and develop a timeline for addressing these impacts in a sustainable and resilient manner.

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5. Organization 5.1.

The Cowlitz County EOC and elected /appointed officials of the County and Cities will ensure that appropriate individuals are made available to coordinate with any Damage Survey Report (DSR) Teams and/or Disaster Recovery Centers (DRCs) that affect Cowlitz County.

5.2.

Each political subdivision, agency and organization should designate an Agency Representative responsible for recovery activities.

5.3.

The EOC will coordinate recovery and restoration programs and activities.

5.4.

State and federal disaster assistance program coordinators will assist local entities regarding assistance programs.

5.5.

State and federal teams in cooperation with the respective local Agency Representatives will conduct DSRs for all eligible applicants.

5.6.

ESF #14 is located within the EOC Operations Coordination Section and may be led by a Recovery Coordinator.

6. Direction, Control, and Coordination 6.1.

The Chief Elected Official (CEO) of the local government where the emergency occurs will exercise direction and control activities within that jurisdiction. CEO will coordinate with Cowlitz County Emergency Management who is responsible for implementing the County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan (CEMP). Each jurisdiction shall establish Standard Operating Guidelines (SOGs) to control and direct response and recovery actions. In cases where local resources to contend with an emergency do not exist or have been depleted, the affected CEO, in 16 | P a g e

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coordination with Cowlitz County Emergency Management, should request county aid first and then followed by state aid from the State EOCs. Resources made available to the local government will be under the operational control of the CEO or designee through the Incident Commander. When the resource mission is completed, the EOC and or Emergency Management will be notified, and the resource returned for other assignment.

6.2.

If the needed response exceeds these local capabilities, the CEO of the local jurisdiction may declare a “State of Emergency” to expedite access to resources needed to cope with the incident.

6.3.

6.4.

The EOC is the central point for coordinating emergency response and recovery actions. The purpose of this central point is to ensure harmonious response when the emergency involves more than one political entity and several response agencies. Coordination of services will be through the EOC Manager and Section Chiefs to provide for the most efficient management of resources.

6.5.

Specific individuals and agencies are responsible for fulfilling their obligations as presented in the Basic Plan and Emergency Support Function Annexes.

6.6

Department/agency heads and other officials legally administering their office may perform their emergency function(s) on their own initiative if, in their judgment, the safety or welfare of the population is threatened. The EOC and/or Cowlitz County Emergency Management should be notified as soon as possible.

7. Information Collection, Analysis, and Dissemination 7.1.

Information will be coordinated from the EOC or other designated point, as appropriate to the incident.

7.2.

Information will be used for planning purposes and to inform all agencies involved of the situation and actions.

7.3.

The Incident Commander (IC) or designee is responsible for providing situation reports and periodic updates to keep the EOC informed.

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7.4.

Jurisdiction, agency, and volunteer organization representatives within the EOC will assist with meeting the information collection, verification, analysis, and dissemination needs of the Policy Group, Emergency Management, and EOC staff. This will include maintaining contact with their field representatives for reports and updates. Additionally, the EOC may need to request information from other local jurisdictions or agencies, as well as other governmental entities, including state and federal.

7.5.

The Operations Coordination Section within the EOC is responsible for the management of the recovery information received within the EOC regarding ESF #14. This section will be responsible for collection, verification, analysis, and dissemination of the intelligence/information flow.

7.6.

7.7.

Incoming information/requests should be verified for authenticity and confirm requests to be filled are not or will not be duplicated.

7.8.

Some incoming information/requests may require a vetting process through the Policy Group (MACG) and/or the EOC Manager due to legal, policy, ethical, or other concerns.

7.9.

The EOC, Emergency Management, or designee, shall provide situation reports to local support agencies/jurisdictions and the Washington State Emergency Management Division (WAEMD) – State Emergency Operations Center (SEOC) as appropriate.

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8. Responsibilities Response Mission Area Core Capability Planning

Public Information & Warning

Critical Task I.D. 1

Activity / Action

Organizations(s) Name

Coordinate/develop Incident Action Plans

Emergency Management

Inform all affected segments of society of critical lifesaving and life-sustaining information by all means necessary to expedite the delivery of emergency services and aid the public to take protective actions.

Cowlitz 911

Collect, evaluate, and provide information updates about the incident to all affected population sectors.

Obtain emergency management needs and damage assessment through established intelligence procedures and determine the appropriate management response to meet the request for assistance.

Emergency Management Emergency Management Chief Elected Officials from County & Cities

Public Information & Warning

Ensure that situation reports are prepared and distributed according to the determined time frame.

Emergency Management

Operational Coordination

Coordinate public information through ESF #15 (Public Affairs).

Emergency Management

Operational Coordination

Coordinate and/or support the collection of information from jurisdiction/field representatives and share information with the appropriate EOC staff.

All Organizations and Agencies

Maintain close coordination with local ECCs/EOCs and support agencies and coordinate with appropriate state and/or federal agencies.

Emergency Management

Operational Coordination

Emergency Management

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Operational Coordination Critical Transportation

Environmental Response/Health & Safety

1, 2, 3, 4

ESF 14

The EOC is organized under the basic concepts of NIMS and ICS.

All Organizations and Agencies

Conduct recovery and restoration tasks in coordination with the EOC, WEMD SEOC and federal assistance program guidelines.

City & County Public Works

Support HAZMAT Response Team with personnel, equipment, and other assistance, as required.

WA Dept. of Transportation County Fire Agencies and Longview Fire Washington Dept. of Ecology Washington State Patrol

Environmental Response/Health & Safety

Provide for the safety of the public by whatever means necessary (evacuation, shelter-in-place).

County Fire Agencies and Longview Fire Washington Dept. of Ecology Washington State Patrol

Logistics & Supply Chain Management

Analyze and verify each request before procuring redundant people and other resources to incident.

Emergency Management

Logistics & Supply Chain Management

Reach out to surrounding counties and WSEOC to supplement any locally exhausted resources or capabilities

Emergency Management Emergency Management

Mass Care Services

Access and/or activate a continued housing strategy.

Chief Elected Officials from County & Cities Cowlitz Dept. of Health & Human Services

Mass Care Services

Coordinate the pet-family reunification effort.

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Operational Communication

2, 3

Public Health, Healthcare, & EMS

Situational Assessment

Coordinate and establish alternate communication infrastructure and critical information networks to support ongoing life sustaining activities, provide basic human needs and situational awareness to transition to recovery. Complete health assessments and identify and coordinate recovery processes. Obtain, maintain, and provide incident situation and damage assessment information through established procedures.

Emergency Management City & County Public Works Utility Providers Cowlitz Dept. of Health & Human Services Emergency Management Emergency Management

Recovery Mission Area Core Capability

Critical Task I.D.

Planning

1, 2

Public Information & Warning

Operational Coordination

1, 2

Activity / Action

Organizations(s) Name

Coordinate with ESF #5 (Emergency Management) to complete a recovery plan integrating the Whole Community.

Emergency Management

Continues to assist in public information messaging and communication including effective, actionable public announcements on recovery and restoration and instructions on applying for assistance. Continues to ensure coordination of Preliminary Damage Assessment (PDA) activities and completion of Damage Survey Reports (DSRs) for affected communities.

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Operational Coordination

May be asked to provide transportation for survey teams in hard-to-reach locations. Establish tiered, integrated leadership and inclusive coordinating with jurisdictions and the County to provide defined structure and decision-making processes for recovery activities.

ESF 14

County & City Public Works Agencies Emergency Management

Operational Coordination

Coordinate with the local and county officials on recovery operations and recovery planning.

Emergency Management

Infrastructure Systems

1, 2, 3

Provide information and guidance to policy makers concerning issues of recovery and restoration.

Emergency Management & EOC

Infrastructure Systems

2, 3

Inventory all damages and losses and develop an action plan with timeline for recovery and restoration activities.

All jurisdictions & agencies

Economic Recovery

Health & Social Services

Housing

1, 2

1, 2, 3, 4

2, 3

Establish a Recovery Planning Team to assist with economic issues of recovery and restoration Participate in the decision-making process on all economic recovery activities affecting their jurisdiction.

Assist in Recovery Planning Team establishment to assist with health and social services regarding recovery and restoration management.

Assist in Recovery Planning Team establishment to assist with ongoing shelter and housing operations management.

Chief Elected Officials from County & Cities

Emergency Management Chief Elected Officials from County & Cities Emergency Management Chief Elected Officials from County & Cities Emergency Management Chief Elected Officials from County & Cities Cowlitz Dept. of Health & Human Services Emergency Management Chief Elected Officials from County & Cities Emergency Management 22 | P a g e

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Housing

Natural and Cultural Resources

1, 2, 3

1, 3, 4

Coordinate with VOADs and local and county officials on short-term and long-term housing recovery operations and recovery planning. Assist in Recovery Planning Team establishment to address measures to protect and stabilize records and culturally significant documents, objects, and structures.

Cowlitz Dept. of Health & Human Services

Primary and Support Organizations/Agencies

9. Resource Requirements Resources

Providers

Desktop or laptop WebEOC login (Guest Account) Contact Master List (phone, email) Internet and drive access Home agencies’ SOPs Desk phone Two-way radio

Training

Providers

G0191 – ICS-IMT/EOC Interface ICS 100, 200, 700, 800 ICS 300, 400 Position-Specific training G2300

Cowlitz Emergency Management, WAEMD Cowlitz Emergency Management, FEMA - IS Cowlitz Emergency Management, WAEMD Cowlitz Emergency Management, WAEMD Cowlitz Emergency Management, WAEMD

10. Reference and Supporting Plans ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪

ESF 1 (Transportation) ESF 2 (Communications) ESF 3 (Public Works and Engineering) ESF 5 (Emergency Management) ESF 6 (Mass Care, Emergency Assistance, Housing, Human Services) ESF 7 (Logistics and Resource Support) ESF 8 (Public Health and Medical Services) ESF 11 (Agriculture & Natural Resources) ESF 12 (Energy) ESF 13 (Public Safety, Law Enforcement, Security) 23 | P a g e

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▪ ▪ ▪

ESF 14

ESF 15 (Public Affairs) Washington State Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan (CEMP) Washington Restoration Framework (WRF) – Explains the local, state, and tribal roles in the recovery process and acts as a guide for how the state organizes for recovery based on existing roles and authorities and is modeled after FEMA’s National Disaster Recovery Framework (NDRF). The WRF will contain eight Recovery Support Function (RSFs) to facilitate the local recovery process through better resource coordination and program delivery at the local level. Washington State Military Department, Emergency Management Division, Disaster Assistance Information FEMA “A Guide to the Disaster Declaration Process and Federal Disaster Assistance” https://www.fema.gov/media-library-data/20130726-1536-20490-8240/dec_proc.pdf FEMA “A Citizen’s Guide to Disaster Assistance” https://training.fema.gov/emiweb/downloads/is7complete.pdf National Disaster Recovery Framework (NDRF)

11. Terms and Definitions 11.1. Washington Restoration Framework (WRF) – Explains the local, state, and tribal roles in the recovery process and acts as a guide for how the state organizes for recovery based on existing roles and authorities and is modeled after FEMA’s National Disaster Recovery Framework (NDRF).

11.2. Disaster Recovery Center (DRC) – A readily accessible facility or mobile office where survivors may go for information about our programs or other disaster assistance programs, and to ask questions related to your case. Representatives from the Governor’s Office of Homeland Security and Emergency Preparedness, the Federal Emergency Management Agency, U.S. Small Business Administration (SBA), volunteer groups, and other agencies are at the centers to answer questions about disaster assistance and low-interest disaster loans for homeowners, renters, and businesses. They can also help survivors apply for federal disaster assistance. and other agencies are at the centers to answer questions about disaster assistance and low-interest disaster loans for homeowners, renters, and businesses. They can also help survivors apply for federal disaster assistance.

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Public Affairs Emergency Support Function (ESF) 15 Coordinating: • Cowlitz County Emergency Management Primary: • Cowlitz County Emergency Management • Cowlitz County Board Of Commissioners (BOCC) • Mayors / City Council of Longview, Kelso, Woodland, Kalama, and Castle Rock Support: • All agencies with the Cowlitz County Emergency Operations Center (EOC) • Cowlitz 911 • Local Media Outlets • Private organizations and business • Lower Columbia Public Information Consortium (LCPIC) The following Emergency Support Functions (ESF) or Recovery Functions support or coordinate with this ESF 1 (Transportation): • In the Prevention Phase: o Supporting: ▪ ESF 13 (Public Safety, Law Enforcement, Security) o Coordinating: ▪ ESF 5 (Emergency Management) • In the Protection Phase: o Supporting: ▪ ESF 13 (Public Safety, Law Enforcement, Security) o Coordinating: ▪ ESF 5 (Emergency Management) • In the Response Phase: o Supporting: ▪ ESF 2 (Communications) ▪ ESF 6 (Mass Care) ▪ ESF 8 (Public Health & Medical Services) ▪ ESF 13 (Public Safety, Security & Evacuation) ▪ ESF 14 (Long-Term Recovery) o Coordinating: ▪ ESF 5 (Emergency Management) • In the Recovery Phase: o Supporting: 1 | Pa g e (033026)

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▪ ESF 13 (Public Safety, Security & Evacuation) ▪ ESF 14 (Long-Term Recovery) o Coordinating: ▪ ESF 5 (Emergency Management)

1. Purpose 1.1 Emergency Support Function #15 – Provides guidelines for a continuous, coordinated, and efficient flow of timely official information necessary to support emergency response or recovery operations or other disaster assistance initiatives and to assure coordination of information released to the public. Primary Core Capability Shared Response and Recovery Mission Areas

Public Information & Warning

Deliver coordinated, prompt, dependable, and actionable information to the whole community using clear, consistent, accessible, and culturally and linguistically appropriate methods to effectively relay information regarding any threat or hazard and, as appropriate, the actions being taken, and the assistance being made available.

Support Core Capability Response Mission Area Operational Coordination

Establish and maintain a unified and coordinated operational structure and process that appropriately integrates all critical stakeholders and supports the execution of Core Capabilities.

2. Policies 2.1. Coordination with and support of government officials and local public information officers is accomplished through Cowlitz County Emergency Management and/or the Cowlitz County Emergency Operations Center (EOC), if activated.

2.2. RCW 38.52.070 (3) – CEMPs must include a communication plan for notifying significant LEP population segments per Substitute Senate Bill 5046. 2 | Pa g e (033026)

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2.2.1.

Whenever possible, public information will be released in accessible formats including English and Spanish.

2.2.2.

ESF #15 will use the services of certified translators and interpreters to the extent possible and practical during emergency response and disaster recovery operations. However, the criticality of information to be shared and the availability of certified translators or interpreters may impact when and how certified individuals will be used.

3. Situation Overview 3.1.

The Cowlitz County Emergency Management utilizes a Public Information Officer (PIO) to coordinate information releases and to provide accurate information to the public prior to or during emergencies so that the public can take appropriate precautionary or protective action.

3.2.

The PIO monitors media outlets to be aware of current information being communicated and to monitor the accuracy of statements related to the emergency or disaster.

3.3.

The extent of damage to the communications infrastructure of the affected area may influence the strategy for information dissemination.

3.4.

Cowlitz County is served by the Emergency Alert System (EAS). Cowlitz County in cooperation with the Washington Emergency Management Division (WEMD) can activate the Emergency Alert System for county, regional, or statewide public announcements.

3.5.

Cowlitz County Emergency Management sustains a social media presence through Facebook and maintains its own website.

3.6.

Each level of government (Federal, State, County, and Cities), through the Joint Information System (JIS), will direct timely information and coordinate news releases through the Joint Information Center (JIC), when activated.

4. Concept of Operations 4.1.

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emergency information messaging is provided across multiple jurisdictions and/or disciplines, nongovernmental organizations, the private sector, and citizenry.

4.2.

Local municipalities in cooperation with Cowlitz County Emergency Management are responsible for providing all citizens, news media, incident personnel, and other appropriate agencies and organizations with information on impending or existing emergencies through a PIO, to include immediate protective actions to be taken, such as sheltering or evacuation.

4.3.

In both the Response and Recovery Phases, the PIO and staff may utilize the JIS by employing on-scene information officers, scheduling regular media briefings near the Cowlitz County Emergency Operations Center. In addition, the EOC may establish a Joint Information Center (JIC), as appropriate and possible, depending on the nature and complexity of the emergency or disaster.

4.4.

Generally, if a JIC is activated, a public information/affairs representative from each of the involved agencies or organizations may be assigned to the JIC. All news releases and status reports will be coordinated through the lead PIO or the JIC to reduce release of conflicting information. The JIC will likely not be within the EOC but could be located within the same facility.

4.5.

Public service announcements, as well as warnings for those with significant Limited English Proficiency (LEP) populations, and other Access and Functional Needs (AFN) population segments, will be disseminated in the most appropriate and effective manner to reach the largest audiences, consistent with the technology or resources available for use. 4.5.1. Avenues to disseminate translated vital information to LEP communities during emergencies and disasters include the traditional news media (English, Spanish) 4.5.2. ESF 15 will use social media platforms – especially Facebook - to disseminate vital information to include sharing Facebook translated information posted by local organizations and other groups involved in the incident.

4.6.

Limited English Proficiency (LEP) Communication Plan – Communicate vital information to individuals with LEP during emergencies and disasters: 4.6.1. Identify LEP populations within areas impacted by the emergency or disaster. 4.6.2. Identify categories of vital information that should be translated and/or interpreted for LEP communities during emergencies and disasters. 4.6.3. Identify potential sources of translation and interpretation services.

4.7.

Define how ESF 15 can assist local organizations, upon request, so the local organizations can effectively communicate with their LEP populations within impacted areas. 4 | Pa g e

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4.8.

Whole Community Involvement 4.8.1. ESF #15 is supported by multiple county organizations and nongovernmental organizations, many of which have specific missions to serve or advocate on behalf of the public of Cowlitz County during and in the aftermath of disasters or emergencies. Many of the county organizations that support ESF #15 engage a wide range of stakeholders in program development and service delivery operations, in accordance with and within the limitations of their respective enabling legal authorities, missions and funding sources. ESF #15 partner agencies routinely engage many other organizations in their day-to-day missions, including: community councils; Voluntary Organizations Active in Disasters; faith-based organizations; community leaders; disability services; private business home care services; advocacy groups; the media; transportation providers; and many others. 4.8.2 This ESF communicates with the Whole Community as needed during emergency response and disaster recovery operations. The Whole Community includes populations with individuals with disabilities and Access and Functional Needs (AFN). Any agency or organization that receives federal funding is required to have a plan or policy for addressing the needs of individuals with Limited English Proficiency (LEP), pursuant to Title VI, the Civil Rights Act. Cowlitz County Emergency Management and this ESF expects all agencies and organizations to comply with federal law. For more information on how each agency or organization complies with federal and state law (Substitute Senate Bill 5046), please contact the individual agency or organization.

Mission Area

Critical Task I.D.

Critical Tasks

Public Information & Warning

Deliver credible and actionable messages to inform ongoing emergency services and the public about protective measures and other life-sustaining actions and facilitate the transition to recovery.

Response

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Reach all populations within the community with effective actionable recovery-related public information messaging and communications that are accessible to people with disabilities and people with limited English proficiency; protect the health and safety of the affected population; help manage expectations; and ensure stakeholders have a clear understanding of available assistance and their roles and responsibilities.

Recovery

Mission Area

Critical Task I.D.

Critical Tasks Infrastructure Systems

Response

5. Organization 5.1.

The Cowlitz County EOC may utilize the Joint Information System (JIS) in response to a major emergency or disaster. Elements of the JIS include Public Information Officers (PIO) and the Joint Information Center (JIC). Personnel are assigned to this ESF 15 position based upon which agencies or organizations are involved. 5.1.1. The JIC is a central point for coordination of incident information, public affairs' activities, and media access to information regarding the latest developments. Major announcements, daily briefings, and incident updates from the JIC should be coordinated with the affected local jurisdiction's lead 6 | Pa g e

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PIO prior to release. This must be closely assessed and agreed upon in the early stages of an incident by those involved in incident communications with the public.

5.2.

The ESF #15 position, when activated, operates in the Cowlitz County EOC and is a member of the Command Staff reporting to the EOC Manager. This position is the link to all information being disseminated to the public.

5.3.

The ESF #15 position provides subject-matter expertise to other EOC positions. Based on potential need, this ESF may operate on a 24-hour basis. Supporting agencies may have representatives available at the JIC and/or EOC or by telephone, text, or email on a 24-hour basis while ESF #15 is operational.

6. Direction, Control, and Coordination 6.1.

Emergency Incidents 6.1.1 When emergency incidents arise, which call for the establishment of a Public Information Officer (PIO) at the scene of an emergency/disaster, the Incident Commander on-scene is responsible for contacting the PIO for assistance in accordance with the Incident Command System (ICS). 6.1.2. The on-scene PIOs will release information at a single location. It is desirable that the public information representatives from other involved agencies join the PIO in releasing information through a single coordination point onscene. The PIO will coordinate all information releases with final approval given by the Incident Commander in accordance with the Incident Command System (ICS). 6.1.3. Other appointed County and City PIOs will be available to advise their managers and/or department heads on media and public communications related to their specific agencies/departments, with coordination through the Joint Information System (JIS) as appropriate.

6.2.

Joint Information System (JIS) Planning 6.2.1. The JIS integrates incident information and public affairs into a cohesive organization designed to provide consistent, coordinated, accurate, accessible, timely, and complete information during crisis or incident operations. The mission of the JIS is: o To provide a structure and system for developing and delivering coordinated interagency messages; o To develop, recommend, and execute public information plans and strategies on behalf of the IC; o To advise the IC concerning public affairs issues that could affect a response effort; and

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ESF 15

o To control rumors and inaccurate information that could undermine public confidence in the incident response effort. The messages are approved by the Incident Commander/Unified Command. 6.2.2 Each incident/agency and/or stakeholders approved message can be sent to a central location, referred to as a Joint Information Center (JIC), to coordinate the key message points from the jurisdictions/agencies having statutory responsibility. This system will ensure clear, concise and coordination of critical messaging to the public. The sharing of joint information at a central location can happen outside of the EOC when several agencies having statutory responsibility are involved. The JIC is a central location that facilitates operation of the JIS. It is a location where personnel with public information responsibilities perform critical emergency information functions and crisis communications. 6.2.3. It is advised to have location(s) identified that could be used as a JIC before an incident occurs; ideally, near the EOC. It is important that these locations meet the working needs of the PIO function and allow easy access for the media. Once a JIC has been identified and requested, it is recommended to have appropriate equipment and other resources available and operational. The lead PIO or JIC Manager should develop standard operating procedures on the actual use of the JIC and the equipment and staff that may be needed.

7. Information Collection, Analysis, and Dissemination 7.1.

Information collection will be coordinated through ESF #15 and the EOC or other designated points as appropriate to the incident.

7.2.

The local Incident Commander (IC), or designee is responsible for providing situation reports and periodic updates to keep the EOC and JIC informed. The EOC and Emergency Management, or designee, shall provide situation reports to local support agencies/jurisdiction and the Washington State Emergency Management Division (WAEMD) – State Emergency Operations Center (SEOC) as appropriate.

7.3.

Some incoming information/requests may require a vetting process through the Policy Group (MACG) and the EOC/JIC Managers due to legal, policy, ethical, or other concerns.

7.4.

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7.5.

ESF 15

The EOC PIO is responsible for public and media information dissemination within the EOC and/or the JIC. The JIC will be responsible for collection, verification, analysis, and dissemination of the latest incident information.

8. Responsibilities Response Mission Area Core Capability

Critical Task I.D.

Activity / Action

Organizations(s) Name

Public Information & Warning

N/A

Report to the county EOC as soon as possible after notification, conditions permitting.

Cowlitz County Emergency Management

Public Information & Warning

N/A

Obtain and distribute, through appropriate channels, incident contact information to emergency responders mobilized through ESF #15.

Cowlitz County Emergency Management

Public Information & Warning

Coordinate press releases, in English and Spanish, establishing the facts of the incident.

Cowlitz County Emergency Management

Public Information & Warning

1, 2

Provide consistent, coordinated, accurate, accessible, timely, and complete information during and after a disaster.

Cowlitz County Emergency Management

Public Information & Warning

1, 2

Assess need for special alert and warning efforts for the Access and Functional Needs and LEP populations, including the hearing impaired.

Cowlitz County Emergency Management

Utilize citizen notification methods such as Mass Alert Notification System (Reverse Calling), EAS, IPAWS, telephone calls, and social media when appropriate.

Cowlitz County Emergency Management

Public Information & Warning

1, 2

Disseminate information related to incidents to the public.

Media Outlets

Cowlitz 911 Cowlitz County Emergency Management BOCC & Mayors, City Councils

9 | Pa g e (033026)

ESF #15

EMERGENCY SUPPORT FUNCTION 15: PUBLIC AFFAIRS

ESF 15

Operational Coordination

Coordinates plans and processes for incident communications with the public with non-governmental organizations within their jurisdiction.

All Primary Organizations

Operational Coordination

Coordinate location of Joint Information Center (JIC) for media and public away from the EOC.

Cowlitz County Emergency Management

Operational Coordination

Provides information and questions from the public to the PIO at the EOC.

Media Outlets

Operational Coordination

Coordinates plans, processes, and resource support to local government operations for incident communications with the public; coordinates incident communication plans and processes.

Cowlitz County Emergency Management

Coordinate location and time for press briefings and organize participation with other PIOs.

Cowlitz County Emergency Management

Arrange for necessary workspace, materials, telephones, and staff. Consider assigning Assistant Public Information Officers to the JIC or onscene.

Cowlitz County Emergency Management

Remind all county and local jurisdictional departments to clear any releases to the media or public through the lead PIO to prevent release of conflicting information and to assist with rumor control.

BOCC & Mayors, City Councils

Observe constraints on the release of information imposed by the EOC Manager and according to agency guidance

All Agencies in the EOC

Establish the PIO as the point of contact for all media inquiries.

All Agencies in the EOC

Operational Coordination

Establish location of Information Center for media and public away from the EOC

Cowlitz County Emergency Management

Operational Coordination

Private-sector resources are mobilized through standard contract procedures.

Private Organizations/Industry 10 | P a g e

(033026)

ESF #15

ESF 15

EMERGENCY SUPPORT FUNCTION 15: PUBLIC AFFAIRS

Recovery Mission Area Core Capability

Critical Task I.D.

Activity / Action

Organizations(s) Name

Provide public information about disaster recovery operations to all populations (i.e., AFN and LEP) via press releases, media interviews, and social media.

All agencies within EOC

1, 2

Coordinate with all appropriate agency/organizational PIOs and the media about post incident public health, critical infrastructure, and utility concerns.

Cowlitz County Emergency Management

Public Information & Warning Public Information & Warning

9. Resource Requirements Resources

Providers

Desktop or laptop WebEOC login (Guest Account) Contact Master List (phone, email) Internet and drive access Home agencies’ SOPs Desk phone Two-way radio

Training

Providers

G0191 – ICS-IMT/EOC Interface ICS 100, 200, 700, 800 ICS 300, 400 Position-Specific training G2300

Cowlitz Emergency Management, WAEMD Cowlitz Emergency Management, FEMA - IS Cowlitz Emergency Management, WAEMD Cowlitz Emergency Management, WAEMD Cowlitz Emergency Management, WAEMD

10. Reference and Supporting Plans ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪

ESF 2 (Communications) ESF 5 (Emergency Management) ESF 6 (Mass Care, Emergency Assistance, Housing, Human Services) ESF 8 (Public Health and Medical Services) 11 | P a g e

(033026)

ESF #15

ESF 15

EMERGENCY SUPPORT FUNCTION 15: PUBLIC AFFAIRS

▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪

ESF 13 (Public Safety, Law Enforcement, Security) ESF 14 (Recovery) Washington State Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan (CEMP), ESF 1. LEP Communication Planning Framework, Washington State EMD, Version 1.0, July 5, 2018 Guidance to Federal Financial Assistance Recipients Regarding Title VI Prohibition against National Origin Discrimination Affecting Limited English Proficient Persons, Department of Homeland Security, Federal Register, November 28, 2014, pgs. 7077170784.

11. Terms and Definitions 11.1. Joint Information Center (JIC) – A location where personnel with public information responsibilities perform critical emergency information functions, crisis communications, and public affairs functions. It is also a central location that facilitates operation of the Joint Information System.

11.2. Joint Information System (JIS) – Integrates incident information and public affairs into a cohesive organization designed to provide consistent, coordinated, accurate, accessible, timely, and complete information during crisis or incident operations. The mission of the JIS is to provide a structure and system for developing and delivering coordinated interagency messages; developing, recommending, and executing public information plans and strategies on behalf of the Incident Commander (IC); advising the IC concerning public affairs issues that could affect a response effort; and controlling rumors and inaccurate information that could undermine public confidence in the incident response effort.

11.3. Public Information Officer (PIO) – Responsible for communicating with the public, media, and/or coordinating with other agencies, as necessary, with incident related information requirements. The PIO is responsible for developing and releasing information about the incident to the news media, incident personnel, and other appropriate agencies and organizations.

11.4. Lower Columbia Public Information Consortium (LCPIC) – this Consortium

consists of Public Information / Public Affairs Officers of government agencies, the educational organizations, selected media, and the greater private business and industry community.

12 | P a g e (033026)

ESF #15

PARTICIPATING ADDENDUM For RFP 932 Professional Services Contract Client No. 003589 with Gallagher Bassett Services, Inc. PARTIES COUNTY: Cowlitz County Washington C/O Risk Management 207 N 4th Ave, Room 305 Kelso, WA 98626 Contract Facilitator: Kelly Grayson Phone: 360-577-3020 ext. 6700 Email: GraysonK@cowlitzwa.gov

CONTRACTOR: Gallagher Bassett Services, Inc. 2850 Golf Road Rolling Meadows, IL 60008 Contact: Legal Department Email: GB-Contracts@gbtpa.com

This Participating Addendum (the "Addendum" or "Agreement") incorporates by reference the Professional Services Contract for RFP No. 932, Client No. 003589, between Clark County Washington and Contractor (the "Master Contract"). The Master Contract permits Washington public agencies to enter into separate agreements with the Contractor pursuant to RCW 39.34. This Addendum establishes the terms and conditions under which Contractor will provide the services described in the Master Contract to Cowlitz County. This Addendum constitutes a separate agreement between Cowlitz County and Contractor for purposes of the services provided to Cowlitz County, but is subject to and dependent upon the continued effectiveness of the Master Contract, as follows: (i) this Addendum shall be governed by the Master Contract, and the terms in the Master Contract are hereby incorporated into this Addendum; (ii) for purposes of this Addendum, all references in the Master Contract to "Clark County," " Client," or similar terms identifying Clark County shall be deemed to refer to Cowlitz County, where applicable, unless the context clearly requires otherwise; (iii) the Addendum (including any purchase order documents pursuant to the Addendum) may not alter or conflict with the terms of the Master Contract except as expressly identified and agreed to herein, nor may it exceed the scope of the work provided for in the Master Contract; and (iv) the term of the Addendum may not extend beyond the expiration date or termination of the Master Contract, as it may be amended, renewed, or extended. The Addendum and the Master Contract shall take precedence over any terms and conditions included on Contractor’s quote, invoice, or similar document. The Master Contract, including any applicable amendments, renewals, extensions, and modifications thereto, is incorporated into this Addendum as if set forth at length. The Master Contract is modified solely to the limited extent expressly stated in this Addendum and only as applicable to services provided to Cowlitz County. 1.1.

TERMS 1.1.1. EFFECTIVE DATE This Agreement shall become effective on September 1, 2026. 1.1.2. EXPIRATION DATE This Agreement shall remain in effect for the duration of the Master Contract, including any amendments, renewals, or extensions executed by Clark County and the Contractor, unless earlier terminated in accordance with this Addendum or the Master Contract. No new work, purchase orders, amendments, or other authorizations may be issued under this Addendum after the expiration or termination of the Master Contract, as amended, renewed, or extended, unless otherwise permitted by applicable law. 1.1.3. SERVICE FEES “Service Fees” are fees billed by Contractor to County for or related to the services provided for in this Agreement. Service Fees shall include the fees set forth in Contractor’s Cost and Terms attached hereto as Exhibit A, which shall apply solely to services provided to Cowlitz County under this Addendum. Service Fees shall be invoiced and paid in accordance with Section 2.1 of the Master Contract.

1.2.

CONTRACT DOCUMENTS The Contract Documents consist of this Addendum and the documents listed below, including any amendments, renewals, extensions, or written modifications applicable to the Agreement. These documents constitute the entire Agreement between the Parties and are incorporated herein by reference as though fully set forth in this Addendum. In the event of any conflict or inconsistency among the Contract Documents, the following order of precedence shall apply:

1. This Addendum; 2. The Master Contract, including all exhibits, attachments, amendments, renewals, extensions, and written modifications; and 3. Contractor’s Cost and Terms, as applicable to Cowlitz County (Exhibit A). Notwithstanding the foregoing, Exhibit A shall control solely with respect to the services, service fees and other commercial terms specifically applicable to Cowlitz County. Except as expressly modified by this Addendum or terms specific to Cowlitz County contained in the Contractor's Cost and Terms document, the terms and conditions of the Master Contract shall remain unchanged and in full force and effect. 1.3.

MICHIGAN WORKERS’ COMPENSATION CLAIMS The Parties acknowledge that no Michigan workers’ compensation claims are contemplated or included within the services provided under this Addendum. Accordingly, the provisions of the Master Contract applicable solely to Michigan workers’ compensation claims shall not apply to the services provided under this Addendum.

1.4.

ENTIRE AGREEMENT This Participating Addendum (including all exhibits, attachments, amendments, renewals, extensions, and written modifications) and the Master Contract (including all exhibits, attachments, amendments, renewals, extensions, and written modifications) constitute the entire agreement between the parties concerning the subject matter of this Participating Addendum and replaces any prior oral or written communications between the parties, all of which are excluded. There are no conditions, understandings, agreements, representations, or warranties, expressed or implied, that are not specified herein. This Participating Addendum may be modified only by a written document executed by the parties hereto. [Remainder of page blank; signature pages follow]

IN WITNESS WHEREOF, Cowlitz County and Contractor have executed this Participating Addendum as of the date of execution by both parties below.

CONTRACTOR

BOARD OF COMMIMSSIONERS OF COWLITZ COUNTY, WASHINGTON

Signature

Richard R. Dahl, Chairman

Print Name

Steven L. Ferrell, Commissioner

Title

Steve Rader, Commissioner

Date ATTEST: _______________________________________________ Kelly Grayson, Clerk of the Board

EXHIBIT A Contractor’s Cost and Terms

Cowlitz County 09/01/2026 - 09/01/2027 FEE PER CLAIM - LIFE OF PARTNERSHIP

Est. Claim Frequency

Per Claim Fee

Projected Service Fee

Workers' Compensation WC Medical Only

$190

$3,800

WC Indemnity

$1,215

$12,150

Incidents - Workers' Compensation

$58

$1,160

Total Workers' Compensation Fee Per Claim ADMINISTRATIVE SERVICES

$17,110

Fee

Administrative Services Administration / Data Management Luminos Insights License (2 Luminos Users) Total Administrative Services

$6,490 Included $6,490

TOTAL USD

$23,600

The above fees are subject to Gallagher Bassett's annual non-refundable minimum claim handling fee of $25,000.

Cost & Terms 121588.2 20260730123034

Page 1

Cowlitz County 09/01/2026 - 09/01/2027 LIFE OF PARTNERSHIP ASSUMED CLAIMS - CLAIM HANDLING FEES PER CLAIM, PER YEAR OPEN SERVICE

Est. Claim Frequency

Per Claim Fee

Projected Service Fee

Workers' Compensation WC Medical Only - One-time fee WC Indemnity Total Data Conversion / Integration Fees

2 9 11 #of Sources

$80 $495

$160 $4,455 $4,615

Rate

Total

Assumed Claim Data Transfer(Data conversion where GB assumes the claim handling and loads historic data) One Time Conversions 1 $5,000 • Claims - Assumed 1 • Financial Detail - Assumed 1 • Notes - Assumed 1 • Digital Images - Assumed

$5,000 Included Included Included

Total Assumed Claim Data Transfer

$5,000

TOTAL FEES FOR ASSUMED CLAIMS:

$9,615

The above assumed claim rates will be billed per claim, per year open, capped at 3 years. Carrier Data Transfer Cost - Client's insurance company may assess a fee to unbundle Claims or to transfer Claims from a prior claims administrator to GB. If this fee is assessed by Client's insurance carrier directly against GB, Client shall reimburse GB for the full amount of any such fee, which shall be assessed on a direct pass-through basis without markup. Assumed fees will be trued up once actual assumed claim count has been determined, with annual audits thereafter. There may be a fee associated with GB's assumption and storage of closed physical files.

Cost & Terms 121588.2 20260730123034

Page 2

Cowlitz County 09/01/2026 - 09/01/2027 GBCARE MEDICAL MANAGEMENT SERVICES

SERVICES

CHARGES

Fee Schedule (Bill Review / UCR)

$9.50 Per Bill

All Other Savings

• Clinical Validation/Nurse Review (CV) /

28% of Savings

System Savings • Preferred Provider Networks (PPO) • Out Of Network (OON) • Specialty Networks/Physical Therapy (PT)

28% of Savings 28% of Savings 28% of Savings

Electronic Receipt of Medical Bills

$2 additional per bill

Telephonic Case Management

$100 Medical Triage one time per file $350 per claim (each 30 days)

Utilization Review Program

$129 Outpatient Pre-Certification Letter Only Authorization Program - Included at no charge

UR Physician Review

$285 per Review

California UR IMR Processing Medical Case Management and Vocational Rehabilitation - Hourly

$140 per IMR Request

Priority Care 365

$95 per call - Language line charges apply where utilized

Other State Services:

For claims handled in the designated states (otherwise, Not Applicable)

• California MPN Service

No additional fees beyond the normal Cost & Terms

• IIIinois PPP Service

No additional fees beyond the normal Cost & Terms

• New York PPO Service

No additional fees beyond the normal Cost & Terms

• Texas HCN Service

Percent of savings: 9.5% of total savings to include bill review, network access & Nurse triage.

• West Virginia MHCP Service

Available option if client enrolls in a West Virginia MHCP. If selected, fees include $45 per claim. Network Management and Administration of $45 per hour when required

$125 per hour plus expenses $145 per hour plus expenses - AK, CA, HI, NY $185 per hour plus expenses Complex or CAT cases $240 per hour plus expenses CAT - AK, CA, HI, NY

Medical Cost Projection (MCP) and Clinical $170 per hour Recommendations Pharmacy Benefit Management (PBM) Cost of prescriptions - no charge for Bill Review or PPO reductions for PBM transactions

Cost & Terms 121588.2 20260730123034

Page 3

Cowlitz County 09/01/2026 - 09/01/2027

SERVICES

CHARGES

Durable Medical Equipment (DME) Program Cost of medical equipment - no charge for Bill Review or PPO reductions for Prospective DME transactions Dental Review Program

Cost & Terms 121588.2 20260730123034

Charged on a per review basis

Page 4

Cowlitz County 09/01/2026 - 09/01/2027 OTHER SERVICES

SERVICES

CHARGES

Luminos Insights Additional Users (Luminos Luminos View-only User, $500 annually per user Insights License includes a set number of Full Access Users outlined under Administrative Services, and Luminos Full Access User, $1,000 annually per user unlimited use of GB standard scheduled training classes) Loss control OSHA Reporting

$150 per hour

Subrogation and Recovery

20% of net recovery amount less legal and collections expense based on recovery date.

$6,000, OSHA platform to produce compliant OSHA 301 Report, 300 and 300a Logs. If electronic OSHA reporting is required, an additional fee will be charged. Oversight and accuracy of all OSHA data is the responsibility of the employer prior to posting or submitting to OSHA.

Recoveries include subrogation, credits, lien waivers, and contribution or coverage handled in a separate action. The amount charged in connection with the waiver of the subrogation lien shall be calculated as 20% of net recovery of the aggregate indemnity and medical payments made as of the effective date of the waiver, excluding any expense payments. Such amount shall not exceed any applicable third-party liability limits if such limits are known at the time of the waiver. Applies to all coverage types

Gallagher Bassett Investigative Services (GBIS) Special Fraud Investigations - SIU, Outside Field Investigations, Surveillance Investigations, Targeted Field Prevailing hourly rate plus expenses Investigations Targeted Database Searches, Self Service Database Searches

Prevailing rate per report

Gallagher Bassett Litigation Management Program (GBLMP) Invoice and Matter Management platform for adjusters/ counsel 5 client licenses for Legal Analytics platform

If utilized, 2% of net legal invoice (invoice net of disbursements and invoice review savings). Charged as discount off total payment remitted to counsel and will be reflected as an allocated expense on the claim file.

Attorney-led legal bill review

Gallagher Bassett Compliance Services (GBCS) Medicare Set-Aside Services: Allocation, CMS Submission, Medicare Eligibility Inquiry (MEI), SSDI Verification, Medical Cost Projection (MCP) Medicare Secondary Payer Services: BCRC Notification, Conditional Payment Research (CPR), Conditional Payment Negotiations (CPN), Conditional Payment Notice Evaluation, Conditional

Cost & Terms 121588.2 20260730123034

Prevailing rate per each service Rush fees apply for MSA completed within 5 business days MSA Revision fees apply Prevailing rate per each service

Page 5

Cowlitz County 09/01/2026 - 09/01/2027 OTHER SERVICES Payment Dispute, Securing Final Demand for Settlement (SFD), Release / Settlement Agreement Review, Lien Research and Resolution (Advantage Plan, Medicaid, Part D)

Taxes Taxes

Cost & Terms 121588.2 20260730123034

All applicable taxes will be added to the service fees where required

Page 6

Cowlitz County 09/01/2026 - 09/01/2027 PROGRAM SPECIFIC TERMS AND CONDITIONS 1. Claim Count Reconciliation:

• Estimate - Claims will be audited at the [18th and 24th month, and then every 12 month thereafter.] • Actual - Claims will be [billed monthly for the first 18 months and then at the 24th and then every 12 months thereafter.]

2. Billing and Payment Terms: Fees will be billed quarterly during the service period. 3. Claim Pricing Terms: Life of Partnership: Claims will be handled for the life of the partnership with no additional per claim fees. If the client decides to nonrenew all or a portion of the program, all open files will be handled in one of the following two ways: - GB will return the files to the client (contingent upon Carrier approval) at the client's expense. - GB will continue to handle the open files at our prevailing annual rate per year open. Assumed Claims: 3 year Annual Fee, Life of Partnership: Claims will be handled for the life of the partnership with an annual per claim fee charged for the first 3 years of handling. After this period ends, the claims will be handled for the life of the partnership with no additional per claim fees. If the client decides to non-renew all or a portion of the program, all open files will be handled in one of the following two ways: - GB will return the files to the client (contingent upon Carrier approval) at the client's expense. - GB will continue to handle the open files at our prevailing annual rate per year open. Additional Charges: There will be additional charges for ongoing Data Management (RISX-FACS®), Luminos users, Administration, Banking fees and monthly reports for as long as GB handles claims.

4. Account Administration includes the following:

• Client Services • Client Accessible Dashboards & Reports via GB’s Luminos & Analytics Platform • 2 Telephonic Claim Strategy Meeting(s) • Detailed Status Reports All Lines of Business @ $50,000 • Settlement Consultation All Lines of Business @ $25,000 • Loss Fund /Banking Services (SIMMS) • Claim Reporting • Data Transfer to Carrier(s) • Acknowledgement Letter to Injured Employee WC • Assumed Claim Data Transfer - Claims - Assumed - Financial Detail - Assumed - Notes - Assumed - Digital Images - Assumed 5. Claim Charges: Claim and incident fees will be assessed on a per occurrence, per claimant, per line of coverage basis. 6. This material is the proprietary, confidential property of Gallagher Bassett Services, Inc. It has been provided to you for the sole purpose of considering a quote for claims administration services. It is not to be duplicated or shared in

Cost & Terms 121588.2 20260730123034

Page 7

1 GB Preferred Vendors are those that perform work under a written contract with GB but does not include vendors that are otherwise selected by or contracted with Client (“Client’s

Vendor”).

Cowlitz County 09/01/2026 - 09/01/2027 PROGRAM SPECIFIC TERMS AND CONDITIONS any form with anyone other than the individuals of such prospective client that have a business need to know the information. It must be destroyed or returned to Gallagher Bassett Services, Inc. after its intended use. 7. Gallagher Bassett Services, Inc. will not pay a fee, commission, or rebate to any party for the privilege of presenting our proposal or in order to secure the awarding of any program to Gallagher Bassett Services, Inc. 8. GB’s pricing is based on known lines of coverage, volumes, and utilization of GB’s Preferred Vendors1 or previously agreed upon and documented use of Client Vendors. GB reserves the right to reprice a program under certain unique situations (i) Client has a material change in the overall program managed by GB, including the lines of coverage handled by GB; (ii) Client has a material change in the nature and/or volume of its Claims compared to what was contemplated when GB quoted its Service Fees; (iii) Client unbundles services provided by GB’s vendors or subcontractors or chooses to use Client Vendors; or (iv) Legislative and/or regulatory requirements impact or change the scope of GB’s Services or responsibilities. Switching from GB’s Preferred Vendors to a Client’s Vendor may result in repricing of the quoted rates and GB also reserves the right to include a reasonable administrative fee. GB may utilize Client's Vendor as instructed by Client, provided that Client agrees that for Client's Vendor: (a) Client warrants it has secured written approval for this usage from its Carrier, if applicable; and (b) that Client agrees to indemnify and hold GB harmless for any and all losses, claims, damages, liabilities, judgments, costs and expenses (whether in tort, contract, statute or otherwise, collectively, “Damages”) that arise out of or relate to the usage of Client’s Vendor or a breach of this warranty. It is agreed and understood that GB does not vet, risk assess, supervise, monitor, accept terms from or enter into separate agreements with, or ensure compliance with laws and regulations or monitor for fraud, for Client’s Vendors. In the event of any conflicts related to non-preferred vendor usage it is expressly agreed the language of this section shall control and supersedes any prior agreements.

Cost & Terms 121588.2 20260730123034

Page 8

1 GB Preferred Vendors are those that perform work under a written contract with GB but does not include vendors that are otherwise selected by or contracted with Client (“Client’s

Vendor”).

Cowlitz County 09/01/2026 - 09/01/2027 GENERAL CONTRACT TERMS AND CONDITIONS 1.

Independent Adjusters - If applicable, following any significant loss as a result of a single event (hurricane, tornado, flood, earthquake, etc.), GB reserves the right to retain outside resources (adjusters) when appropriate and those fees will be paid as an Allocated Expense off the file.

The pricing quoted in this Cost & Terms is based upon the data and information provided by Client, as well as existing legislative and regulatory requirements. Material inaccuracies or changes to the foregoing may require adjustments to the quoted pricing.

Taxes - All applicable taxes will be added to the service fees where required.

Allocated Expenses: Shall be your responsibility as applicable and shall include, but not be limited to:

• Legal Fees • Legal Bill Review • Medical Examination • Professional Photographs • Travel made at client's request • Costs for witness statements • Court reporter service, translation, and interpretation • Record retrieval and copying services (Including medical and legal) • Accident reconstruction • Experts' rehabilitation costs • Chemist • Fees for service of process • Collection cost payable to third parties on subrogation • Architects, contractors • Engineer • Any other similar cost, fee or expense reasonably chargeable to the investigation, negotiation, settlement or defense of a claim or loss which must have the explicit prior approval of the client

• Police, fire, coroner, weather, or other such reports • Property damage appraisals • Vehicle appraisals (vehicle damage assessment) • SIU, surveillance and sub rosa investigation • Official documents and transcripts • Pre- and post-judgment interest paid • Outside Field Investigations • Subrogation at 20% of net recovery • Index Bureau Reporting (All Coverages) • Second Injury Fund Recovery • Medical Management - Medical Management services may include, but are not limited to: - Preferred provider organization networks - Utilization review services - Automated state fee scheduling - Light duty/return-to-work programs - Medical case management and Vocational rehabilitation network - Prospective injury management services - Hospital bill audit services

Cost & Terms 121588.2 20260730123034

Page 9

Cowlitz County 09/01/2026 - 09/01/2027

DEFINITIONS Incidents An incident is a loss reported electronically through ClaimLine and/or the Web, or set up manually at the branch. GB will review the incident and make a courtesy call (if necessary) to determine if it is a claim or incident. GB will have full discretion in the determination and handling of these incidents and/or their conversion into claim status. Workers' Compensation - Medical Only Claims A work-related Claim that meets all of the following criteria: • Payments for either indemnity or vocational rehabilitation were not required • The Claim has not become contested or in suit • No investigation required to determine compensability or subrogation requirements • No loss notices, captioned reports, client meetings (other than routine meetings where the claim is listed and noted) or settlement consultation approvals were required • Payments on the Claim do not exceed $5,000 • Days open do not exceed 180 days Workers' Compensation - Indemnity Claims A work-related claim that is not a Medical Only Claim.

Cost & Terms 121588.2 20260730123034

Page 10

Docusign Envelope ID: 1CE33C07-5798-84E2-83E0-E6EAD8D88A16

GB Client #: 003589

RFP 932 Professional Services Contract Client Number: 003589 WITNESSETH THIS CONTRACT (“Agreement”), entered this

day of

April

2026

(“Effective Date”), by and between CLARK COUNTY, after this called "CLIENT," a political subdivision of the State of Washington, and Gallagher Bassett Services, Inc. after this called "GB." WITNESSETH WHEREAS, GB has been chosen through a competitive bid process by CLIENT under RFP #932, Insurance Brokerage and Third-Party Administrator Services and has the expertise to provide professional services for CLIENT and to perform those services more particularly as set out in the proposal attached hereto and incorporated herein by this reference as Exhibit A. WHEREAS, CLIENT does not have available staff to provide such services for the benefit of Clark County. NOW, THEREFORE, THE CLIENT AND GB MUTUALLY AGREE AS FOLLOWS: Section 1

DEFINITIONS:

Claim. Any report of injury or accident (first or third party) alleging or resulting in injury, damage, or loss which could give rise to a demand for the payment of money. MIR. Means Mandatory Insurer Reporting under SCRIP SCHIP. Means State Children's Health Insurance Program Services. Any report of injury or accident (first or third party) alleging or resulting in injury, damage, or loss which could give rise to a demand for the payment of money is considered a claim. Subject to the provisions of this Agreement, GB shall handle those claim(s) GB is authorized and required to handle ("Qualified Claims"), in accordance with the current Service Instructions on file with GB, and the Cost & Terms which is hereby attached as Exhibit B attached hereto and incorporated herein. After the first year, subsequent year Cost & Terms shall be

Docusign Envelope ID: 1CE33C07-5798-84E2-83E0-E6EAD8D88A16

GB Client #: 003589 initialed by both parties and incorporated as further Exhibit Bs under this Agreement with no additional contracts to be signed. Section 2 2.1

TERMS: Service Fees. Fees billed by GB to CLIENT for or related to the services provided

for in this Agreement. Such Service Fees shall include, but not be limited to, those fees provided for in Exhibit B, which is incorporated herein and attached hereto. CLIENT shall pay the Service Fees and any and all other charges as provided herein and as billed by GB. CLIENT shall be responsible for and pay GB any and all applicable taxes, duties, and assessments, other than income tax to GB. Service Fees are payable by CLIENT immediately upon receipt of an invoice. GB reserves the right to charge and CLIENT agrees to pay the lesser of (one percent) 1% per month, or the maximum legal rate, on balances unpaid by CLIENT after (thirty) 30 days. Where applicable, GB shall reconcile the Claim counts at the 18th and 24th month from the inception date of the Agreement and annually thereafter. CLIENT shall pay GB any additional fees due or be entitled to a refund as a result of these reconciliations. 2.2

Banking-SIMMS.

GB shall provide an on-line check data and banking

arrangement through Citibank. The account will be funded by CLIENT or CLIENT'S carrier and maintained with a cash management program. GB will assist CLIENT in establishing the initial imprest or opening balance (sometimes referred to as escrow) of the fund by providing information based on paid loss history and similar factors. At no time will GB be required to provide any of its own funds for payment. If CLIENT fails to adequately fund as set forth above and as the funding balance approaches zero, GB may, upon notice, suspend banking (i.e., adjusters unable to issue new payments) to prevent the balance from going below zero. CLIENT agrees to indemnify, defend, and protect GB from any fines or penalties incurred as a result of the bank account being suspended due to CLIENT's failure to fund. GB reserves the right at any time to request CLIENT pre-fund any large payments that may deplete the imprest. Any bank charges resulting from inadequate funding including, but not limited to, interest, stop payment charges and overdraft fees

Docusign Envelope ID: 1CE33C07-5798-84E2-83E0-E6EAD8D88A16

GB Client #: 003589 shall be the obligations of CLIENT or carrier and shall be paid by CLIENT or carrier upon demand by GB. In the event of cancellation or nonrenewal of this Agreement, CLIENT or carrier agrees to fund Citibank in an amount sufficient to fund all of CLIENT's outstanding obligations as they become due. As soon as CLIENT properly funds, GB will re-activate the bank account. 2.3

SCHIP Reporting and Settlement Allocations. GB or CLIENT's designated third

party shall be responsible for doing all MIR reporting on behalf of CLIENT. CLIENT acknowledges that the only way to make certain Medicare's interests are protected and CLIENT is insulated from future liability concerning any conditional or future medical payments made by Medicare is through an appropriate settlement allocation. 2.4

Run In Claims. For purposes of this Section, "Run In Claims" shall mean those

Qualified Claims which arose prior to the Effective Date that will be managed by GB, as set forth on a claims run provided by CLIENT and agreed to by GB. Any closed Run-In claims will be accounted for by an inventory provided by CLIENT and the cost of storage of such claims shall be paid by CLIENT as billed by GB. Information required by GB, in hard copy or electronic format as required by GB, shall be completed by CLIENT and delivered to GB no less than (sixty) 60 days prior to the Effective Date to obtain information that is critical to achieve a smooth transition of Claims. CLIENT shall provide to GB, in form and substance acceptable to GB, all electronic data and other information with respect to the Qualified Claims reasonably required by GB to facilitate compliance with obligations under the Medicare, Medicaid, and State Children’s Health Insurance Program Extension Act of 2007 (P.L. 110-173) (“MMSEA”). CLIENT shall also take such other steps as are reasonably required by GB to facilitate compliance with obligations under MMSEA. CLIENT shall cause its prior claims administrator to conspicuously mark Run-In claim files with information necessary or convenient for GB to attend to time-sensitive events, such as upcoming court deadlines and benefit or settlement payment due dates. All Run-In Claims are priced and handled on a per claim per year open basis for the term of this Agreement, regardless of the pricing structure designated for newly-arising claims under this Agreement. Should any of

Docusign Envelope ID: 1CE33C07-5798-84E2-83E0-E6EAD8D88A16

GB Client #: 003589 the Run-In Claims be Uncovered Claims, CLIENT represents that it is a qualified self-insured in those states which require self-insured status. CLIENT agrees to take full responsibility for the funding of all losses and allocated expenses relative to the Run-In Claims. Those Qualified Claims which arose prior to the Effective Date and will be managed by GB under the program, as set forth on a claim run provided by CLIENT and agreed to by GB. Any closed Run-In claims will be accounted for by an inventory provided by CLIENT and the cost of storage of such claims shall be paid by CLIENT as billed by GB. Additionally, CLIENT agrees to defend, indemnify and hold harmless GB with respect to any claim, demand, action, loss, cost and/or expense to which GB may be subjected as a consequence of or result of an error, omission, tort, intentional misconduct or any other negligence on the part of CLIENT or CLIENT's prior claims administrator. GB shall have not less than six (6) months to review and coordinate Run-In Claims, and CLIENT shall hold GB harmless from any claims handling errors within that time period with respect to Run-In Claims. Section 3

3.1

Indemnification and Limitations of Liability: GB Indemnification. Subject to the limitations included in this section, GB agrees

to defend, indemnify, protect, save and keep harmless CLIENT from any and all loss, cost, damage or exposure arising from (i) the breach of any covenant made by GB hereunder and (ii) the negligent errors or omissions or intentional misconduct of GB including, but not limited to, GB's obligations to secure the services of a third party provider to assist CLIENT with research and protection of MMSEA related lien obligations, if any. 3.2

CLIENT Indemnity. CLIENT agrees to defend, indemnify, protect, save and keep

harmless GB from any and all loss, cost, damage or exposure arising from (i) the breach of any representation, warranty or covenant made by CLIENT hereunder, (ii) the negligent acts or omissions of CLIENT or intentional misconduct of CLIENT including but not limited to the timely and accurate remittance to GB of any information in CLIENT's possession required for MIR, (iii) acts or omissions by GB or vendors pursuant to direction from or by CLIENT, unless CLIENT is

Docusign Envelope ID: 1CE33C07-5798-84E2-83E0-E6EAD8D88A16

GB Client #: 003589 prohibited by applicable law from giving such direction, and (iv) the failure of GB or any other person or entity to report any claims that are not Qualified Claims. CLIENT further agrees to hold GB harmless for any expenses incurred related to the third-party provider's services to assist CLIENT with its MMSEA obligations, if any. 3.3

Cap on Liability.

CLIENT AGREES THAT THE MAXIMUM LIABILITY OF

EITHER PARTY WITH RESPECT TO ANY CLAIMS OR CAUSES OF ACTION (WHETHER IN TORT, CONTRACT, STATUTE, DUTY TO INDEMNIFY OR OTHERWISE) IN ANY WAY RELATING TO OR ARISING OUT OF THIS AGREEMENT AND/OR ANY WORK, SERVICES, ACTS, ERRORS OR OMISSIONS OF A PARTY PERTAINING IN ANY WAY TO THIS AGREEMENT, SHALL IN NO EVENT EXCEED (I) $500,000 WITH RESPECT TO ALL CLAIMS RELATING TO A SINGLE QUALIFIED CLAIM, AND (II) A TOTAL OF $2,000,000 WITH RESPECT TO THE SUM OF ALL CLAIMS RELATING TO EACH TWELVE (12) MONTH PERIOD BEGINNING FROM THE EFFECTIVE DATE OF THIS AGREEMENT. 3.4

Act of Others. CLIENT agrees that neither GB nor any of its employees, agents

or representatives shall have any liability for (i) any claims or causes of action based on Services performed (or failed to be performed) prior to the Effective Date, and/or (ii) any claims or causes of action based on acts, errors or omissions of any counsel, any vendors or any third parties selected or chosen by CLIENT. 3.5

Certain Damages Excluded. CLIENT AGREES THAT NEITHER GB NOR ANY

OF ITS EMPLOYEES, AGENTS OR REPRESENTATIVES WILL HAVE ANY LIABILITY FOR ANY PUNITIVE OR EXEMPLARY DAMAGES OR FOR ANY CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES, SUCH AS LOST PROFITS. 3.6

Failure to Settle. Subject to any obligation in this Indemnification and Limitations

of Liability section, failure alone by GB to settle a Qualified Claim or loss within the Discretionary Settlement Authority (as defined in the current Service Instructions on file with GB) shall not per se subject GB to liability to any party in the event of an adverse judgment entered by any court or

Docusign Envelope ID: 1CE33C07-5798-84E2-83E0-E6EAD8D88A16

GB Client #: 003589 the settlement of such Claim or loss for an amount in excess of such limit. GB shall have no liability or responsibility whatsoever with respect to any Claims that are not Qualified Claims. 3.7

Contractual Period of Limitation.

NO CLAIM OR CAUSE OF ACTION,

REGARDLESS OF FORM (I.E., TORT, CONTRACT, STATUTORY OR OTHERWISE), ARISING OUT OF, RELATING TO OR IN ANY WAY CONNECTED WITH THIS AGREEMENT OR ANY SERVICES (with term "Services" as defined above) MAY BE BROUGHT BY EITHER PARTY ANY LATER THAN THE FIRST TO OCCUR OF (A) THREE (3) YEARS AFTER THE ACCRUAL OF SUCH CLAIM OR CAUSE OF ACTION, OR (B) TWO (2) YEARS AFTER THE PARTY BRINGING SUIT BECOMES AWARE OF THE ALLEGED ACT, ERROR OR OMISSION UPON WHICH SUCH CLAIM OR CAUSE OF ACTION IS BASED. 3.8

Extension of Caps. THE LIMITATIONS ON LIABILITY IN THIS SECTION SHALL

APPLY TO ANY CLAIM OR CAUSE OF ACTION ASSERTED BY OR ON BEHALF OF CLIENT OR ANY PERSON OR ENTITY CLAIMING TO BE AN ASSIGNEE OR BENEFICIARY OF OR SUCCESSOR TO CLIENT. Section 4 4.1

Term; Termination: Term.

The Agreement shall be effective beginning 4/1/2026 and ending

3/31/2031, with five (5) one-year extensions starting 4/1/2031 and concluding 3/31/2036. 4.2

Termination. This Agreement may be terminated: a.

by either party, for any reason, on sixty (60) days prior written notice to the

other party; b.

other than for CLIENT's failure to pay amounts billed as set forth in

subsection (c) immediately below, in the event that one party is in default (the "Defaulting Party") under the terms of this Agreement, by the other party (the "Non-Defaulting Party"), provided the Non-Defaulting Party has given written notice of such default to the Defaulting Party and the Defaulting Party has not cured such default within (ten) 10business days following receipt of such notice; or

Docusign Envelope ID: 1CE33C07-5798-84E2-83E0-E6EAD8D88A16

GB Client #: 003589 c.

in the event that CLIENT fails to pay any amounts (as described in Exhibit

B) within thirty (30) days following receipt of invoice for such amounts, such amounts include but are not limited to: (i) GB's service fee during the term of this Agreement; (ii) reconciliation billings; (iii) the service fee to continue handling claims past the termination date; or (iv) banking charges. After receipt of payment of all fees due, GB will then return all files to CLIENT in an orderly manner at cost of CLIENT. d.

After receipt of payment of all fees due, GB will then return all files to

CLIENT in an orderly manner. Any costs associated with the transfer of files shall be the obligation of the CLIENT. e.

To the extent Michigan workers compensation claims will be handled, the

following terms shall apply: During the term of the Agreement and as contractually obligated thereafter, GB shall be required to report claims to CLIENT's carriers and excess carriers as agreed by the parties. Either party may cancel this Agreement at any time, for any reason, by giving the other party written notice of intent to cancel at least sixty (60) days in advance, with a copy to The State of Michigan, Department of Labor, Bureau of Workers' Disability Compensation ("the State"). Subsequent to either party hereunder giving the other party notice of cancellation, CLIENT shall continue to pay GB for the claims services hereunder at the terms and rates in effect on the date notice of cancellation is given and as further set forth below. In the event the parties agree that GB will not continue handling pending Claims, GB will remain obligated to handle such Claims until or unless GB is relieved of that responsibility in writing by the State. 4.3

Obligations Following Termination (Life of Partnership/Life of Contract). To

the extent GB is handling Qualified Claims for Life of Partnership/Contract pricing, the following terms shall apply: In the event of cancellation or nonrenewal of this Agreement, GB may continue to manage all pending run-off claims, and run-off claims incurred during the term but not reported prior to the date of termination if CLIENT pays GB a mutually agreed upon per claim per year

Docusign Envelope ID: 1CE33C07-5798-84E2-83E0-E6EAD8D88A16

GB Client #: 003589 open fee to continue handling open claims. Should CLIENT renew only a portion of the existing program under this Agreement (fewer states, locations, coverages, etc.), all open claims not part of the renewed portions of the program shall be considered in run-off and subject to per claim per year open fees to be agreed upon by the parties. A reduced electronic RISX-FACS® reporting package will be provided at the CLIENT's expense, as appropriate. Banking and administration fees will be charged to the CLIENT as long as GB handles the claims. Should no agreement be reached regarding these open claims, they will be returned to the CLIENT or forwarded to another party as designated by the CLIENT. Should the CLIENT elect to have the files returned to them, CLIENT agrees to reimburse GB for all payments made and subsequently paid by the bank, on behalf of the CLIENT, until all claims are closed within the RISX-FACS® system and all claim files have been returned to the CLIENT. GB will provide an electronic, tape or paper copy of the claim information in RISX-FACS® at GB's prevailing rate on the date of termination. Upon delivery of this information to CLIENT, claim information may be deleted from the system. 4.4

Obligations Following Termination (Handle to Conclusion). To the extent GB

is handling Qualified Claims for Handle To Conclusion pricing, the following terms shall apply: In the event of cancellation or nonrenewal of this Agreement, GB will continue to manage all pending claims, and claims incurred during the term but not reported prior to the date of termination to a conclusion. Run-off services will be provided at a claims servicing branch selected by GB and a reduced RISX-FACS® reporting package will be provided at the CLIENT's expense. Banking and administration fees will be charged to the CLIENT as long as GB handles the claims. Such runoff files may be handled by GB, according to proper claim handling practices, where and as determined by GB in its discretion. Should the CLIENT elect to have the files returned to them, CLIENT agrees to reimburse GB for all payments made and subsequently paid by the bank, on behalf of the CLIENT, until all claims are closed within the RISX-FACS® system and all claim files have been returned to the CLIENT. GB will provide an electronic, tape or paper copy of the claim information in RISX-FACS® at GB's prevailing rate on the date of termination. Upon delivery of

Docusign Envelope ID: 1CE33C07-5798-84E2-83E0-E6EAD8D88A16

GB Client #: 003589 this information to CLIENT, claim information may be deleted from the system. 4.5

Obligations Following Termination (Life of Partnership/Life of Contract or

Handle to Conclusion). To the extent Michigan workers compensation claims will be handled, the following terms shall apply: In the event GB and CLIENT cannot agree to ongoing per claim per year open run-off fees, GB will so notify the State, and continue to service the Claims until the State has provided notice to both parties that a replacement Self Insured Claims Third Party Administrator has been approved to take over claim handling. Section 5 5.1

Miscellaneous: Escheat. Unless specified otherwise in the Cost & Terms attached hereto as

Exhibit B, the parties acknowledge that any and all escheat and unclaimed property obligations of any type or variety lie with CLIENT and not GB. 5.2

Confidentiality and Publicity. All terms of this Agreement and any personal or

client identifiable information relative to Qualified Claims are and shall remain confidential and shall not be disclosed to any person or entity by any party hereto without the express written consent of the disclosing party unless legally required to do so. 5.3

Privacy. GB shall maintain a policy respecting informational security that includes,

but is not limited to, written guidelines for: firewalls, encryption of critical data while in transit, copying or duplication of data, encryption of critical data while in storage, physical security, periodic risk assessment and security audits. Upon request and no more than annually, GB shall provide CLIENT with a copy of its most recent audited statement of internal control over financial reporting. 5.4

Record Retention. GB will retain claim files in storage facilities or by electronic

copy stored on GB servers for (ten)10years following closure of the Claim unless otherwise required by contract or law. Thereafter, it will be the CLIENT's responsibility to notify GB that CLIENT wants the files at CLIENT's expense. Otherwise GB can return files to the carrier, if applicable, or destroy the files at GB's option. Run In Claims sent to GB will be kept in an "as is"

Docusign Envelope ID: 1CE33C07-5798-84E2-83E0-E6EAD8D88A16

GB Client #: 003589 format, will not be held by GB longer than (ten) 10years and GB shall have no responsibility to track and store claim files for minors or those judicially ruled incompetent. 5.5

Sole Claims Administrator. During the terms of this Agreement and except as

otherwise agreed to by the parties hereto, CLIENT agrees that GB shall be its sole claims administrator with respect to those Qualified Claims. CLIENT further agrees not to self-administer or engage any third party to adjust such Qualified Claims without GB's prior written consent. 5.6

Waiver. Waiver of any provision herein shall not be deemed a waiver of any other

provision herein, nor shall waiver of any breach of this Agreement be construed as a continuing waiver of other breaches of the same or other provisions of this Agreement. 5.7

Conflicting Terms. The parties agree that if there is any conflict between the

terms of any applicable agreement between GB and CLIENT's insurer relative to the program and the terms of this Agreement, the terms of the insurer's contract with GB shall prevail. 5.8

Wage and Hour Compliance. GB shall comply with all applicable provisions of

the Fair Labor Standards Act and any other legislation affecting its employees and the rules and regulations issued thereunder insofar as applicable to its employees and shall always save CLIENT free, clear and harmless from all actions, claims, demands and expenses arising out of any violation by GB of said act and the rules and regulations that are or may be promulgated in connection therewith. 5.9

Social Security and Other Taxes. GB assumes full responsibility for the payment

of all payroll taxes, use (except to the extent assessed against CLIENT in relation to the Services), sales (except to the extent assessed against CLIENT in relation to the Services), income or other form of taxes, fees, licenses, excises, or payments required by any city, federal or state legislation that is now or may during the term of this agreement be enacted as to all persons employed by GB in performance of the work pursuant to this Agreement and shall assume exclusive liability therefore, and meet all requirement's thereunder pursuant to any rules and regulations that are now and may be promulgated in connection therewith.

Docusign Envelope ID: 1CE33C07-5798-84E2-83E0-E6EAD8D88A16

GB Client #: 003589 5.10

Contract Documents. Contract documents consist of this Agreement, Exhibit A

and Exhibit B. If there is a conflict between the provisions of these documents, the provisions of this Agreement shall control. 5.11

Equal Employment Opportunity. GB will not discriminate against any employee

or applicant for employment because of race, color, religion, gender, gender identity, sexual orientation, age, disability, marital status or national origin. 5.12

Changes. CLIENT may, from time to time, require changes in the scope of the

services to be performed hereunder; such changes, including any increase or decrease in the amount of GB's compensation, which are mutually agreed upon by and between CLIENT and GB, shall be in writing, signed by both parties and incorporated in the written amendments to the Agreement. 5.13

Public Records Act. Notwithstanding the provisions of this Agreement to the

contrary, to the extent any record, including any electronic, audio, paper or other media, is required to be kept or indexed as a public record in accordance with the Washington Public Records Act, RCW Chapter 42.56, as may hereafter be amended, GB agrees to maintain all records constituting public records and to produce or assist CLIENT in producing such records, within the time frames and parameters set forth in state law. GB further agrees that upon receipt of any written public record request, GB shall, within two (2) business days, notify CLIENT by providing a copy of the request to the Clark County Public Records Officer/Department of Public Works. 5.14

Governing Law. This Agreement shall be governed by the laws of the State of

Washington. Venue for any litigation shall be in accordance with RCW 36.01.050. 5.15

Confidentiality.

With respect to all information relating to CLIENT that is

confidential and clearly so designated, GB agrees to keep such information confidential. 5.16

Conflict of Interest. GB covenants that it has no interest and shall not acquire

any interest, direct or indirect, which would conflict in any manner or degree with the performance

Docusign Envelope ID: 1CE33C07-5798-84E2-83E0-E6EAD8D88A16

GB Client #: 003589 of services hereunder. GB further covenants that no person having such interest shall be employed by it, or shall perform services as an independent contractor with it, in the performance of this Agreement. 5.17

Liability Insurance.

GB specifically confirms and warrants that it has Commercial General Liability insurance with minimum limits of $1,000,000 per occurrence and in the aggregate for each (1) one-year period and in the aggregate for each (1) one-year policy period. Personal and Advertising Injury $1,000,000 and General Aggregate $2,000,000. This policy must renew annually. This coverage may be any combination of primary, umbrella or excess liability coverage affording total liability limits of not less than $1,000,000 per occurrence and in the aggregate. However, if other policies are added they must be a follow-form policy in language, renewal date, and have no more exclusions than the underlying coverage. Products and Completed Operations coverage shall be provided for a period of two (2) years following Substantial Completion of the Work. The deductible will not be more than $500,000 unless prior arrangements are made with Clark County on a case-by-case basis; the criterion is GB’s liquidity and ability to pay from its own resources regardless of coverage status due to cancellation, reservation of rights, or other no-coverage-enforce reason. Coverage shall not contain any endorsement(s) excluding nor limiting Product/Completed Operations, Contractual Liability or Cross Liability. In addition, GB shall comply with the following requirements: 1. Cyber - with combined single limit of not less $5,000,000.00 per Claim and Such coverage shall include but not be limited to, third-party liability coverage for loss or disclosure of data, including electronic data, network security failure, unauthorized access and/or use or other intrusions, infringement of any intellectual property rights (except patent infringement and trade secret misappropriation) unintentional breach of contract, negligence or breach of duty to use reasonable care, breach of

Docusign Envelope ID: 1CE33C07-5798-84E2-83E0-E6EAD8D88A16

GB Client #: 003589 any duty of confidentiality, invasion of privacy, defamation, libel, slander, product disparagement, trade libel, negligent transmission of computer virus, worm, logic bomb, or Trojan horse or negligence in connection with denial of service attacks, or negligent misrepresentation. Upon request, GB shall provide evidence of continuous coverage to CLIENT. 2. Automobile - If GB or its employees use motor vehicles in conducting activities under this Agreement, liability insurance covering bodily injury and property damage shall be provided by GB through a commercial automobile insurance policy. The policy shall cover all owned and non-owned vehicles. Such insurance shall have minimum limits of $1,000,000 per occurrence, combined single limit for bodily injury liability and property damage liability with a $1,000,000 annual aggregate limit. If GB does not use motor vehicles in conducting activities under this Agreement, then written confirmation to that effect on GB letterhead shall be submitted by GB. 3. Professional Liability (aka Errors and Omissions) - GB shall obtain, at GB’s expense, and keep in force during the term of this Agreement, Professional Liability insurance policy to protect against legal liability arising out of contract activity. Such insurance shall provide a minimum of $1,000,000 per Claim. The deductible will not be more than $10,000,000 unless prior arrangements are made with Clark County on a case-by-case basis; the criterion is GB’s liquidity and ability to pay from its own resources. It should be an “Occurrence Form” policy. If the policy is “Claims Made”, then Extended Reporting Period Coverage 4. Umbrella Liability Coverage - Umbrella Coverage in the amount of $1,000,000 shall be provided and will apply over all liability policies with exceptions for Cyber and Professional Liability.

Docusign Envelope ID: 1CE33C07-5798-84E2-83E0-E6EAD8D88A16

GB Client #: 003589 5. Worker’s Compensation - As required by the industrial insurance laws of the State of Washington. 6. Additional Insured - Clark County, its officers, employees and agents, will be named as an additional insured with respect to GB’s General Liability coverage. This coverage shall be primary coverage and noncontributory to any coverage maintained by Clark County. GB shall provide Clark County with verification of insurance and endorsements required by this Agreement. All insurance shall be obtained from an insurance company authorized to do business in the State of Washington. 7. Waiver of Subrogation - All insurance coverage maintained or procured pursuant to this agreement, except for Cyber Liability and Professional Liability, shall be endorsed to waive subrogation against CLIENT, its elected or appointed officers, agents, officials, employees and volunteers or shall specifically allow GB or others providing insurance evidence in compliance with these specifications to waive their right of subrogation prior to a loss. GB hereby waives its own right of subrogation against CLIENT and shall require similar written express waivers and insurance clauses from each of its subcontractors. 8. Proof of Insurance - Proof of Insurance shall be provided prior to the starting of the contract performance. Proof will be on an ACORD Certificate(s) of Liability Insurance, which GB shall provide to CLIENT. Each certificate will show the coverage, deductible and policy period. Policies shall be endorsed to state that coverage will not be canceled without a (thirty) 30-day written notice by mail to CLIENT. It is GB’s responsibility to provide evidence of continuing coverage during the overlap periods of the policy and the contract. All policies must have a Best’s Rating of A- (VI) or better. Failure to provide proof of insurance within three (3) business days upon demand by CLIENT is agreed by both parties to be a material

Docusign Envelope ID: 1CE33C07-5798-84E2-83E0-E6EAD8D88A16

GB Client #: 003589 breach of this Agreement and may result in termination of this Agreement pursuant to Section 4.2(b) above. 5.18

Consent and Understanding.

This Agreement contains a complete and

integrated understanding of the agreement between the parties and supersedes any understandings, contract, or negotiations, whether oral or written, not set forth herein or in written amendments hereto duly executed by both parties. 5.19

Severability. If any provision of this Agreement is held invalid, the remainder

would then continue to conform to the terms and requirements of applicable law.

Docusign Envelope ID: 1CE33C07-5798-84E2-83E0-E6EAD8D88A16

GALLAGHER BASSETT SERVICES, INC. 04/20/26

By: PRINT NAME:

Date:

Molly Loughlin

Title: Attorney Lead, Legal Contracts

CLARK COUNTY 04/20/26 Date: ______________________

By: ________________________________ Kathleen Otto, County Manager

APPROVED AS TO FORMONLY ANTHONY F. GOLIK Clark County Prosecuting

Amber Smith, Deputy Prosecuting Attorney

Certificate Of Completion Envelope Id: 1CE33C07-5798-84E2-83E0-E6EAD8D88A16

Status: Completed

Subject: Complete with Docusign: 2026 2031 GB Professional Services Contract 5 year termGB 031626.RKWedi... Source Envelope: Document Pages: 16

Signatures: 3

Envelope Originator:

Certificate Pages: 5

Initials: 0

Jami Zoellner

AutoNav: Enabled

1300 Franklin St

EnvelopeId Stamping: Enabled

Vancouver, WA 98660

Time Zone: (UTC-08:00) Pacific Time (US & Canada)

Jami.zoellner@clark.wa.gov IP Address: 64.4.181.12

Record Tracking Status: Original 4/20/2026 12:46:28 PM

Signer Events

Holder: Jami Zoellner

Location: DocuSign

Jami.zoellner@clark.wa.gov

Signature

Timestamp

Molly Loughin

Sent: 4/20/2026 12:48:26 PM

Molly_Loughin@gbtpa.com

Resent: 4/20/2026 12:49:23 PM

Security Level: Email, Account Authentication (None)

Viewed: 4/20/2026 12:52:18 PM Signature Adoption: Pre-selected Style

Signed: 4/20/2026 12:53:35 PM

Using IP Address: 136.226.50.181 Electronic Record and Signature Disclosure: Accepted: 4/20/2026 12:52:18 PM ID: b7050b10-f5e3-4505-8495-a7e68230f77e Amber Smith

Sent: 4/20/2026 12:53:36 PM

amber.smith@clark.wa.gov

Viewed: 4/20/2026 12:56:12 PM

Deputy Prosecuting Attorney

Signed: 4/20/2026 12:56:27 PM

Security Level: Email, Account Authentication (None)

Signature Adoption: Pre-selected Style Using IP Address: 64.4.181.35

Electronic Record and Signature Disclosure: Accepted: 4/20/2026 12:56:12 PM ID: 0661e4c8-6b1d-4ba4-9657-4a74d26dc82f Kathleen Otto

Sent: 4/20/2026 12:56:28 PM

kathleen.otto@clark.wa.gov

Viewed: 4/20/2026 2:11:32 PM

County Manager

Signed: 4/20/2026 2:11:38 PM

Clark County Security Level: Email, Account Authentication (None)

Signature Adoption: Pre-selected Style Using IP Address: 64.4.181.42

Electronic Record and Signature Disclosure: Accepted: 4/20/2026 2:11:32 PM ID: 37bd889e-5a5f-4c4c-a45d-ab9ff5330d44

In Person Signer Events

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Agent Delivery Events

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Carbon Copy Events

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Status

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Envelope Sent

Hashed/Encrypted

4/20/2026 12:48:27 PM

Envelope Updated

Security Checked

4/20/2026 12:49:22 PM

Certified Delivered

Security Checked

4/20/2026 2:11:32 PM

Signing Complete

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4/20/2026 2:11:38 PM

Completed

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Electronic Record and Signature Disclosure

Electronic Record and Signature Disclosure created on: 8/18/2016 4:40:21 PM Parties agreed to: Molly Loughin, Amber Smith, Kathleen Otto

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Timed Item

231980

BOCC

Agenda

Meeting Date: 8/ 11/ 2026 Public Hearing for Budget Amendment- August 2026 Submitted By: Taunya Richardson, Senior Budget Analyst Submitted For: Shawn Roewe, Finance Director Department:

OAS-

Finance

Information

Subject and Summary Statement The Office of Financial Management advised the Board of Commissioners that an amendment is needed

to adjust the 2026 Cowlitz County budgets to increase/ decrease appropriations to account for additional expenditures and revenues and to make certain other adjustments. Staff Attendance Shawn

Roewe

Department

Recommendation

The Office of Financial Management recommends that the Board of Commissioners approve the

adjustments and amendments for the 2026 Cowlitz County budget and increase/ decrease the budget, as more specifically set out in Attachment A.

Form

Task

User Richardson, Roewe,

Taunya

Shawn (

OA)

Agenda

Item

Department

Review

Action

Timestamp

Submission

Submit

8/ 4/ 2026

2: 51: 00 PM

Approver

Approve

8/ 4/ 2026

3: 55: 00 PM

Approve

8/ 4/ 2026

3: 56: 00 PM

Review

Reed, Pervie

Clerk of the Board Review

Attachment

Amended Budget-

Fiscal Year August 2026 Resolution

Fund

Dept

Bars

Account

Description

GENERAL FUND: ADJUSTMENTS

2026

Amended

Inc/ Dec

Fund/ Dept

Budget

A-)

Subtotal

TO EXPENDITURES&

ANTICIPATED

No.: 26-

Total

REVENUES

General Fund Estimated Ending Fund Balance 00199

005100

5081000

Totallncrease/(

1 Ending Unreserved

Decrease)

Fund Balance

General Fund Ending

7, 162, 714

6, 970, 501

192, 213)

Fund Balance:

192, 213)

Board of Equalization 00199

030100

5142400

5100100

Direct Labor

00199

030100

5142400

5200300

Social Security

00199

030100

5142400

5200400

Retirement

Subtotal Expenditure

Increase/(

11, 000

11, 400

400

1, 026

1, 060

610

640

30 464

Decrease):

Auditor 00199

055100

5142300

5100100

Direct Labor

00199

055100

5142300

5200200

Medical

1, 199, 374

1, 235, 074

35, 700

206, 589

217, 389

00199

055100

5142300

5200300

10, 800

Social Security

94, 056

96, 787

00199

055100

5142300

2, 731

5200400

Retirement

68, 610

70, 602

00199

055100

5142300

1, 992

5200600

Paid Family&

4, 204

4, 319

115

Insurance

Medical Leave

Subtotal Expenditurelncrease/(

Decrease):

51, 338

Jail 00199

110100

5236000

5100100

Direct

Labor

4, 333, 500

4, 623, 000

289, 500

00199

110100

5236000

5200200

Medical Insurance

1, 497, 840

1, 517, 948

20, 108

00199

110100

5236000

5200300

Social Security

395, 370

417, 517

22, 147

00199

110100

5236000

5200400

Retirement

364, 260

384, 843

20, 583

00199

110100

5236000

5200600

Paid Family&

17, 650

18, 585

935

Medical

Leave

Subtotal Expenditurelncrease/(

Prosecuting

353, 273

Attorney

00199

116100

5153500

5100100

Direct Labor

00199

116100

5153500

5200300

Social Security

00199

116100

5153500

5200400

Retirement

00199

116100

5153500

5200600

Paid Family&

1, 569, 037

1, 571, 237

2, 200

128, 029

128, 197

168

87, 611

87, 734

123

5, 661

5, 668

Medical Leave

Subtotal Expenditure

District

Decrease):

Increase/(

Decrease):

2, 498

Court

00199

121100

5124000

5108500

Judge Pro Tern

50, 000

68, 500

18, 500

00199

121100

5124000

5200300

Social Security

120, 625

122, 040

1, 415

00199

121100

5124000

5200600

Paid Family&

6, 149

6, 209

Medical Leave

Subtotal Expenditurelncrease/(

Decrease):

19, 975

Non Departmental 00199

155100

5179000

5100200

Vacation

255, 903

143, 703

112, 200)

00199

155100

5179000

5100300

Sick Leave

238, 564

126, 364

112, 200)

Subtotal

2026 Budget Amendment

Expenditurelncrease/(

Decrease):

Page

1 of 5

224, 400)

August 2026

Resolution

Fund

Non

Dept

Bars

Account

5970010

5090100

Description

Amended Budget

Inc/ Dec

Fund/

Dept

Subtotal

A-)

26-

Total

Departmental

00199

155100

Transfers

Out

1, 338, 754

Subtotal Expenditure

Non

2026 Budget

No.:

Increase/(

165, 400

(

1, 173, 354)

Decrease):

1, 173, 354)

Departmental

00199

155100

5970010

5090100

Transfers

Out

165, 400

Subtotal Expenditurelncrease/(

GRAND TOTAL GENERAL

REVENUES-

GENERAL

875, 631

710, 231 710, 231

Decrease):

FUND EXPENSES

259, 975)

FUND

00199

095100

3043700

3620000

Rents&

Leases Share

of Exp Govt C(

96, 672

96, 672)

00199

095100

3043800

3620000

Rents&

Leases

of Exp Electioi

24, 773

00199

095100

3044200

3620000

Rents&

Leases

Exp- Rent Wol

3, 542

00199

095100

3044300

3620000

Rents&

Leases

Exp- RentCasl

829

00199

095100

3044400

3620000

Rents&

Leases Share

Exp- RentKala

564

00199

095100

3044600

3620000

Rents&

Leases

of Exp- IT

66, 340

00199

095100

3044700

3620000

Rents&

Leases Share

of Exp- Risk

1, 751

00199

095100

3089100

3620000

Rents&

Leases

Mgmnt-

9, 808

00199

155100

3024900

3699100

Other Misc Revenue

00199

155100

3024900

3699100

Other

Misc

Prop

CLRP

1, 338, 754

165, 400

875, 631

Revenue

Subtotal Revenuelncrease/(

GRAND TOTAL GENERAL

Decrease):

FUND REVENUES

(

1, 173, 354) 710, 231

452, 188)

452, 188) 192, 213)

2026 Budget Amendment

Page 2 of 5

August 2026

Resolution

Fund

Dept

Bars

Account

Description

2026

Amended

Budget

Inc/ Dec

Fund/

No.:

Dept

Subtotal

A-)

26-

Total

Veteran' s Relief Expense 13101

250100

5081000

Ending Fund Balance

13101

250100

5652100

5100100

Direct Labor

13101

250100

5652100

5200200

Medical

13101

250100

5652100

5200300

13101

250100

5652100

5200400

13101

250100

5652100

5200600

1, 032, 969

1, 021, 174

11, 795)

27, 449

36, 500

9, 051

5, 733

7, 400

1, 667

Social Security

2, 141

2, 760

619

Retirement

1, 597

2, 025

428

118

Insurance

Paid Family&

Medical Leave

Subtotal Expenditure

Human

Services

14001

270100

Increase/(

Decrease):

Revenue 3007800

3611000

Investment

Earnings

Subtotal Revenuelncrease/(

15, 000

12, 661

2, 339)

Decrease):

2, 339)

Human

Services

14001

270100

Expense 5081000

5081000

Ending Fund Balance

2, 360, 006

2, 330, 367

29, 639)

14001

270100

5651000

5410100

Professional&

Svc

39, 200

66, 500

27, 300

14001

270100

5611000

5413700

Internal Facilities Chrg/ Sery

8, 200

14001

270100

5611000

5430700

Tuition&

3, 000

500

2, 500)

14001

270100

5611000

5450800

Lease/

900

500

400)

14001

270100

5611000

5490200

Photocopies

630

300

330)

14001

270100

5681000

5490600

Printing&

5, 000

1, 280

3, 720)

14001

270100

5611000

5490600

1, 500

250

1, 250)

Contract

Registration

Rental- Equipment

Binding

Printing& Binding Subtotal Expenditurelncrease/(

Decrease):

2, 339)

Health Department Revenue 14301

290100

3007800

3611000

Investment

17, 000

Earnings

Subtotal Revenuelncrease/(

13, 808

3, 192)

Decrease):

3, 192)

Health Department Expense 14301

290100

5081000

Ending Fund Balance

729, 192

665, 833

14301

290100

5624100

5314000

Misc. O& M Supplies

2, 500

1, 500

1, 000)

14301

290100

5621300

5315500

Computer

Software

14, 336

14, 336)

14301

290100

5624100

5315500

Computer

Software

14, 336

14301

290100

5629000

5315500

Computer

Software

19, 931

10, 000

9, 931)

14301

290100

5624300

5410100

Professional&

Svc

6, 000

4, 000

2, 000)

14301

290100

5621600

5413700

Internal Facilities Chrg/ Sery

73, 098

Contract

Subtotal Expenditurelncrease/(

Low Income 18401

Housing

270100

18401

Housing

270100

Decrease):

3, 192)

Revenue

3007800

3611000

Investment

Earnings

Subtotal Revenuelncrease/(

Low Income

63, 359)

40, 000

35, 300

4, 700)

Decrease):

4, 700)

Expense

5081000

Ending Fund Balance Subtotal Expenditurelncrease/(

1, 695, 792

1, 691, 092

4, 700)

Decrease):

4, 700)

Opioid Fund Revenue 19301

270100

13007800

3611000

Investment

Earnings

Subtotal Revenuelncrease/(

2026 Budget Amendment

85, 000 Decrease):

Page 3 of 5

54, 200

30, 800) 30, 800)

August 2026

Resolution

Fund

Opioid 19301

Dept

Fund

Bars

Account

5081000

Description

2026

Amended

Budget

Inc/ Dec

Fund/

No.:

Dept

Subtotal

A-)

26-

Total

Expense

270100

Ending Fund Balance

2, 648, 485

Subtotal Expenditurelncrease/(

2, 617, 685

30, 800) 30, 800)

Decrease):

2025 LTGO Refund 2012 Bond Revenue 21601

370100

3048200

3970001

Transfers

Operating

1, 338, 754

Subtotal Revenuelncrease/(

165, 400

(

1, 173, 354)

Decrease):

1, 173, 354)

2025 LTGO Refund 2012 Bond Expense 21601

370100

5915800

5710100

GO Bonds

21601

370100

5925800

5830100

Longterm

External

Debt

Subtotal Expenditure

2025

LTGO

21601

Refund

370100

2012

Bond

3048200

1, 275, 000

105, 000

63, 754

60, 400

Interst

Increase/(

(

1, 170, 000) 3, 354)

Decrease):

1, 173, 354)

Revenue 3970001

Operating Transfers

165, 400

Subtotal Revenuelncrease/(

875, 631

710, 231

Decrease):

710, 231

2025 LTGO Refund 2012 Bond Expense 21601

370100

5915800

5710100

GO Bonds

21601

370100

5925800

5830100

Longterm

105, 000

585, 000

480, 000

60, 400

290, 631

230, 231

External Debt Interst

Subtotal Expenditure

Increase/(

Decrease):

710, 231

2025 LTGO Refund 2012 Bond Revenue 21601

370100

3065500

3930000

Refunding

21601

370100

3065800

3920000

Premium

Long- Term Debt Issue on

Bonds

Issued

Subtotal Revenuelncrease/(

11, 545, 000

993, 908

Decrease):

12, 538, 908

2025 LTGO Refund 2012 Bond Expense 21601

370100

5915800

5710100

GO Bonds

21601

370100

5925800

5830100

Longterm

21601

370100

5925800

5415000

Intergovernmental

External Debt Interst

Subtotal Expenditurelncrease/(

DEM

1, 758, 354

290, 631

451, 560

160, 929

11, 204, 625

1, 173, 354

Decrease):

12, 538, 908

Revenue

41401

530100

3081000

Beg Fund Balance

41401

530100

4420000

3339700

FIG-

41401

530100

4390000

3339700

FIG- HMPG-

Hzd Mit Plan Update FEI

41401

530100

3699200

8106400

Mics Other

Nonoperating

EMPG- Emer Mgmt

659, 215

659, 194

21)

53, 018

53, 047

53, 047)

Perf

Subtotal Revenuelncrease/(

DEM

585, 000

Decrease):

Expense

41401

530100

5081000

Ending Fund Balance

650, 640

648, 841

1, 799)

41401

530100

5251000

5200200

Medical Insurance

21, 600

23, 300

1, 700

41401

530100

5251000

5413700

Internal Facilities Charg/ SVC

48, 777

48, 876

Subtotal Expenditure

Increase/(

Decrease):

IT Expense 50201

490100

5081000

Ending Fund

50201

490100

5188000

5413700

Internal Facilities Charg/ Sery Subtotal

2026 Budget Amendment

Balance

Expenditure

Increase/(

1, 372, 550

1, 312, 210

60, 340)

60, 340

Decrease):

Page 4 of 5

August 2026

Resolution

Fund

Elections

Dept

Bars

Account

Description

Reserve

Revenue

51001

520100

4300810

3340690

SG Elections

51001

520100

4300810

3340030

Voter Educ&

Amended Budget

Outreach

Secretary of State

Subtotal Revenuelncrease/(

Elections

2026 Budget

Inc/ Dec

A-)

80, 000

15, 500

Decrease):

Reserve

Expense

520100

5081000

Ending Fund Balance

133, 157

188, 384

51001

520100

5144000

5490600

Printing&

265, 000

280, 500

15, 500

51001

520100

5144000

5413700

Internal

24, 773

Facilities

Charg/ Sery

Subtotal Expenditurelncrease/(

2026 Budget Amendment

26-

Dept

Subtotal

Total

95, 500

51001

Binding

Fund/

No.:

Decrease):

Page 5 of 5

55, 227

95, 500

August 2026

BEFORE THE BOARD OF COUNTY COMMISSIONERS,

COWLITZ COUNTY,

WASHINGTON

In the Matter of Adopting Amendments to the 2026 Cowlitz

RESOLUTION NO.

County Budgets

WHEREAS, the hour of 9: 30 a.m. having been fixed as the time for a hearing on a resolution calling for the adoption of an amendment to the 2026 Cowlitz County budget approved on December 23, 2025 to account for unanticipated

expenditures

and revenues; and

WHEREAS, those persons who wished to speak for or against the amendment were allowed to

join the meeting in the Commissioner' s hearing room, call into the remote public participation, or submit written comments.

NOW THEREFORE, IT IS HEREBY RESOLVED that the County Treasurer is authorized to appropriate

amounts

particularly

itemized in Attachment"

A";

and the County Auditor is

authorized to draw warrants on said budgets as amended upon the presentation and approval of properly executed vouchers. The adjustment and amendments to the 2026 Cowlitz County budget are approved and adopted.

DATED:

August

11, 2026

BOARD OF COMMISSIONERS

COWLITZ COUNTY, WASHINGTON

Richard R. Dahl, Chairman

ATTEST:

Steve Rader, Commissioner

Kelly Grayson, Clerk of the Board

Steven L. Ferrell, Commissioner

Timed Item

231999

BOCC

Agenda

Meeting Date: 8/ 11/ 2026 Critical Areas Ordiance Update CCC 19. 15 Public Hearing ( Continued) Submitted By: Adam Trimble, Planning Division Manager Submitted For: Traci Jackson, Department:

Building &

Building&

Planning Director

Planning 1

Information

Subject and Summary Statement

Public Hearing for a proposed periodic update of the Critical Areas Ordinance CCC section 19. 15. Last updated in 2016, the state requires review and updating for consistency every 10 years. The proposed update incorporates changes as required by state law and has been reviewed by the Planning Commission at two public hearings. Public comment and input was heard during a 60- day comment period, multiple Planning Commission workshops, a joint- workshop with the BOCC, engagement with the Building and Planning Advisory Committee and the Comprehensive Plan Steering Committee. Staff has worked, enhanced, and added a number of new

provisions for regulatory flexibility in response to updates to protections for wetlands and riparian management zones.

Staff Attendance Adam

Trimble

Department

Recommendation

Staff recommends adoption of the proposed Critical Areas Ordinance to make required amendments and

incorporate regulatory flexibility to the Critical Areas Ordinance section 19. 15 of County Code. Planning Commission members voted on 7/ 30/ 26 to recommend adoption of the proposed update to the Critical Areas Ordinance based on the fact that we do not have the funding to do a best available science study specific to Cowlitz County.

Form

Task

User Anonymous Jackson,

User

Traci

Agenda

Item

Department

Review

Action

Timestamp

Submission

Submit

8/ 4/ 2026 5: 26: 00 PM

Approver

Approve

8/ 5/ 2026 6: 36: 00 AM

Approve

8/ 5/ 2026 10: 54: 00 AM

Review

Reed, Pervie

Clerk of the Board Review

cwwri

Areas Or

inancp-pow

e,,,,,IL%

Adam Trimble r `

Cowlitz County Building and Planning Planning

Commission June

ilk

17 , 2026

FACET

Meeting

,.&

Agenda

Project Timeline

Draft CAO Overview

Key Points Wetlands regulations Riparian habitat area

RHA) widths (

Inclusion of regulatory flexibility t

Questions and Answers

r44f+

ay, r

4 COWLITZ

COUNTY

CAO

UPDATE

FACET

January Draft Best Available Science Report and Draft Gap Analysis

February Draft Best Available Science Report and Draft Gap Analysis continued)

Summary code examples March Final Best Available Science Report

April

Preliminary draft code Planning Commission Introduction Meeting

Joint Planning Commission/ Board of County Commissioners Meeting Final Gap Analysis Public Review Draft CAO/ Commerce 60- day Notice June SEPA Notice ( June 4)

F r b L

Planning Commission Public Hearing (Today)

July Adoption!

Background

Previous CAO update adopted December 2016

WAC 365- 190- 080( 1)

Requirements

critical

areas

and

Cities and counties must protect

ensure

net loss, consistent with state

guidance. WAC 365- 190- 080( 2) requires that Counties and cities must include the best available science ( BAS) when

designating critical areas and when developing policies and regulations that protect critical areas. Additionally, reviewed and proposed updates for clarity 1

and efficiency. A BAS Report and Gap Analysis were provided to County staff to inform CAO updates State deadline December 31, 2026

COWLITZ t

COUNTY

UPDATE

FACET

Key Points

Updates to wetlands

Updates to riparian habitat area

regulations

RHA) widths

3 . Inclusion of Regulatory Flexibility

P03

41.

Wetlands

Updated Ecology Guidance in 2022 Option 2 buffer framework

Buffer widths based on wetland category and level of impact from adjacent

use ( high, moderate, low)

Alignment with guidance language

a,,

Functionally

disconnected

buffer Wetland Guidance for

Assumption of well

Critical Areas Ordinance(

CAOy

Updates

Western

vegetated buffer with native

and

Eastern

Washington

Sharrland

n/ yr

plant species

Ympia,

Clarification of mitigation

Dcwp

ECOLOGY

plan requirements Update in

also allows ' Option

response

santl

vmnington

to comments.

Environmental

Stall Depart

Assistance

enl of Ecology

Washington

raozz,

ftbllkatim

022n5.

014

Pre gram

Updated Dept of Fish and Wildlife

Riparian

Guidance in 2020

Habitat Area

BAS/ Site Potential Tree Height (SPTH) Findings

woldths

The County' s stream network is predominantly within the 230- 256 ft riparian management

zone ( RMZ)

width

category. Riparian

Ecosystems,

Volume

Stream Length ( Miles) by RMZ Width

Management Recommendations

Fish and

Non- fish streams

not in an UGA

or Commercial

Forest

Area 1400A 1177. 4 1200A 1000A

358. 5 AO0. 0 0. 0

145. 7

94. 2 14. 5

94- 131 rd

132- 182

183- 211 RMZ Width(

212- 229 ft)

230- 255

Current Buffers

Riparian

Habitat A widths

Type F: 100 ft or 150 ft Type Np/ Ns: 50 ft

Recommendation Based upon BAS/ SPTH findings and use of the FEMAT c u rve:

Type F: 180 ft Type N p/ N s: 100 ft

100

IrengthShading

JIMW-

NeighboringV '^

Counties

Coarse to

w s

Lewis County Type F: 150 ft Type Np/ Ns: 75 ft Deviation from BAS*

Clark County vz

Range from 100- 235 ft,

depending on site class and water type.

0. 2

0. 5

Distance

from channel

tree height)

1. 0

R iparian

Habitat Area Widths

Analysis of Land Encumbrances GIS- based assessment of buffer impacts across three scenarios

was performed Based on national

hydrography dataset ( NHD) and excluded designated remote areas, forestry lands, and Urban Growth Areas ( UGAs)

Draft CAO buffers align with BAS while providing a more

predictable and flexible framework than SPTH requirements.

PWscenalriol[ Scenario

A•

Draft

A•

Buffers ( 180',

Forest Area

5011. 2

21. 2

SPTH37.

Cowlitz Riparian

Legend

Streams-

Non- fish Strums

Streams-

Fsh

Pmmended

FEsh Strarns

Non fish

aHe, gM,

ype Ns/ Np Buffer

Buffer Current F1 00 1450 Buffers

Currer1i( F- 1iO4'. N 50')

PTH Width Buffer Optional

F1 8U_ NT00

hk Boilers •

Recommended{

1g0'; N• lUp' I

Recommended MINI

RMZ& SPTH

Type Nl

Type F Buffer

25e)

lp Buffer

Current Type F Buffer

County Boundary 4tr L

Regulatory

Seeking to protect natural resources and p ro p ert y rig hts

F I e x ib ilit yReasonable Use

Excep ion

Relief from the CAO when strict application of the rules would

prevent reasonable use of land Amendments to existing allowance

Public Agency and Utility Exception new!) r

Allows flexibility for public services/ infrastructure to be provided when the rules would otherwise prevent it

Variance (new!)

h jyG: f' y y

Provision for those development scenarios reasonable use cannot address

t•

U O

F-N

U O D z F-

Ua O

D Q

U W r LL

Cowlitz County Code Chapter 19. 15 CRITICAL AREAS

Page 1/ 78

Chapter

CRITICAL

19. 15

AREAS

Sections: 19. 15. 010

Title.

19. 15. 020

Preamble.

19. 15. 030

Purpose

19. 15. 040

Authority and administration.

19. 15. 050

Definitions.

19. 15. 060

Applicability— Regulated activities.

19. 15. 065

Nonconforming

19. 15. 070

Exemptions.

19. 15. 080

Optional incentives for nondevelopment of critical areas.

19. 15. 090

Planning clearance and permitting. Relationship to other regulations.

19. 15. 100

and intent.

uses.

19. 15. 110

Critical area inventory maps.

19. 15. 120

Wetlands.

19. 15. 130

Fish and wildlife habitat conservation areas.

19. 15. 140

Frequently flooded areas.

19. 15. 150

Geologically hazardous areas.

19. 15. 160

Critical aquifer recharge areas.

19. 15. 170

Mitigation

19. 15. 180

Subdivisions and short subdivisions.

19. 15. 185

Public Agency and utility exception.

requirements.

19. 15. 190

Reasonable use exception.

19. 15. 195

Variance.

19. 15. 200

Appeals.

19. 15. 210

Penalties—

19. 15. 220

Fees.

19. 15. 230 19. 15. 240

Liability for damages. Severability.

19. 15. 250

Effective

19. 15. 010 This

date.

Title.

chapter

16- 174§

Violations.

shall be known

and may be cited

the"

Cowlitz

County

Critical

Areas Protection Ordinance." [

Ord.

2( Exh. A), 12- 20- 16.]

19. 15. 020

Preamble.

Cowlitz County is responding to the state mandates contained in the Growth Management Act, RCW 36. 70A. 060,

by developing and adopting the ordinance codified in this chapter, which classifies, designates, and protects critical areas. Cowlitz County believes it important to strike a balance between critical areas protection, private property rights, and the need for economic development and diversification. The ordinance codified in this chapter has been

designed to encourage landowners to protect critical areas by offering a range of incentives intended to provide equitably for such protection. In addition, it is the intent of Cowlitz County to actively and constructively assist the applicant in the preparation and processing of permits/ approvals/ plans/ requirements or procedures. The ultimate responsibility for providing complete and accurate application material and/ or required information falls on the applicant.

A limited amount of scientific data is available to address all critical areas within Cowlitz County. As more information

becomes

available,

it will be incorporated. [

Ord.

16- 174§

2( Exh. A), 12- 20- 16.]

The Cowlitz County Code is current through Ordinance 25- 067, passed October 21, 2025.

Cowlitz County Code Chapter 19. 15 CRITICAL AREAS

19. 15. 030

Purpose

Page 2/ 78

and intent.

The Growth Management Act requires Cowlitz County to designate critical areas and adopt development regulations to assure the protection of such areas in accordance with the best available science. In compliance with this mandate,

the county finds that critical areas characterize certain portions of the county. These critical areas include: wetlands, critical aquifer recharge areas C ARAs), geologically hazardous areas, fish and wildlife habitat conservation areas, and frequently flooded areas. These areas contain valuable natural resources, provide natural scenic qualities

important to the character of the community, perform important ecological functions and values, or present a hazard to life and property. Identification,

management and protection of these lands and areas is, therefore, necessary to

protect the public health, safety and general welfare of Cowlitz County' s citizens. A. With respect to particular critical areas, the county finds as follows: 1. Wetlands provide numerous valuable functions, including but not limited to providing wildlife and fish habitat, water quality enhancement,

flood and erosion control, aquifer recharge and discharge, shoreline

stabilization, research and education opportunities, and recreation.

2. Geologic hazards pose a risk to public and private property and to the natural systems that make up the county' s environment.

These lands are susceptible to landslides and erosion and seismic, volcanic, and mining

hazards. Building and development practices should consider topographical and geological features. Future development should be directed to more geologically stable areas and restricted on unsuitable ground. Regulating these lands, and avoiding or minimizing alteration of geologic hazard areas, is necessary to protect the health, safety, and general welfare of Cowlitz County' s citizens. 3. Critical aAquifer recharge areas perform many important biological and physical functions that benefit the county and its residents, including but not limited to: storing and conveying groundwater. Protection of critical

aquifer recharge areas is, therefore, necessary to protect the public health, safety, and general welfare of Cowlitz County' s citizens.

4. Fish and wildlife habitat conservation areas perform many important physical and biological functions that benefit the county and its residents. These functions include but are not limited to: providing opportunities for food, cover, nesting, breeding, and movement for fish and wildlife; maintaining and promoting diversity of species and habitat; helping to maintain air and water quality; controlling erosion; serving as areas for

recreation, education, and scientific study and aesthetic appreciation; providing neighborhood separation and visual diversity within urban areas; sustaining listed and priority species; and supporting recreational and commercial

fisheries.

5. Frequently flooded areas pose a risk to public and private property and public health. Regulation of these lands will promote efficient use of the land and water resources by allocating frequently flooded areas to the uses for which they are best suited and to discourage obstructions to flood- flows or uses that pollute or deteriorate natural waters and watercourses. B. It is the intent of this chapter to:

1. Implement the goals, objectives, and policies of the natural resources element of the Cowlitz County Comprehensive

Plan;

2. Comply with the requirements of the Growth Management Act, Chapter 36. 70A RCW, and implementing rules and guidelines;

3. Implement the best available science, as defined by WAC 365- 195- 900 through 365- 195- 925, for protection in critical areas as appropriate to Cowlitz County pursuant to RCW 36. 70A. 172;

4. To protect all functions and values of critical areas to ensure no net loss of ecological functions and values of critical

areas;

5. Give special consideration to conservation

or protection measures necessary to preserve or enhance

anadromous fisheries;

The Cowlitz County Code is current through Ordinance 25- 067, passed October 21, 2025.

Cowlitz County Code Chapter 19. 15 CRITICAL AREAS

Page 3/ 78

64. Coordinate Cowlitz County' s critical area protection activities and programs with those of other jurisdictions; 7-.

Coordinate environmental review and permitting of proposals to avoid duplication and delay;

86. Assist landowners by providing incentives for critical area protection. C. Compliance with the provisions of this chapter does not constitute compliance with other federal, state, and local regulations and permit requirements. The applicant is responsible for complying with these requirements, apart from

the process established in this chapter. Ord.

16- 174 §

19. 15. 040

2 ( Exh. A), 12- 20- 16.]

Authority and administration.

The ordinance codified in this chapter is adopted under the authority of Chapter 36. 70A RCW. All applications under this chapter shall be made to the Department. It shall be the duty of the Director or his/ her designee to administer the provisions of this chapter, including preparation of application forms, administrative guidelines, interpretations

and

19. 15. 050

other

actions

appropriate. [

Ord.

16- 174 §

2( Exh. A), 12- 20- 16.]

Definitions.

These definitions apply within er-itieal areas. in or-itical areas that are also within the Sher-eline Master- Program SMP) jur-isdietion, the definitions in the SMP also apply. M4ien a tefm in this seetion is defined diff-er-ently in thee

SMP the cr,rn definition applies. For the purposes of this chapter, the following definitions shall apply unless the context clearly requires otherwise:

Accessory" means a use, building, or structure that is subordinate to, and the use of which is incidental to, that of the main activity, structure, building, or use on the same lot or parcel. If an accessory use is attached to the main building by a common wall or roof, such accessory building shall be considered a part of the main building.

Active fault" means a fault that is likely to undergo renewed movement within a period of time of concern to humans. Faults are commonly considered to be active if the fault has moved one or more times in the last 10, 000 years, but faults may also be considered active in some cases if movement has occurred in the last 500, 000 years. Adjacent" means adjoining a critical area, and/ or within a distance where activities may affect functions and values of a critical area.

Agriculture" or" agricultural activities" means agricultural uses and practices including, but not limited to, producing, breeding, or increasing agricultural products including crops and livestock; rotating and changing agricultural crops; allowing land used for agricultural activities to lie fallow( plowed and tilled, but left unseeded); allowing land used for agricultural activities to lie dormant as a result of adverse agricultural market conditions; allowing land used for agricultural activities to lie dormant because the land is enrolled in a local, state, or federal

conservation program, or the land is subject to a conservation easement; conducting agricultural operations; maintaining, repairing, and replacing agricultural

equipment; maintaining, repairing, and replacing agricultural

facilities; provided, that the replacement facility is no closer to the critical area than the original facility; and maintaining

agricultural lands under production or cultivation.

Alluvial fan" means a low, outspread, relatively flat to gently sloping mass of loose alluvium, shaped like an open fan, deposited by a stream where it issues from a narrow valley, or where a tributary stream issues into the main stream, or wherever a constriction in a valley abruptly ceases or the gradient of the stream suddenly decreases; it is steepest near the mouth of the valley where its apex points upstream, and it slopes gently and convexly outward with

gradually decreasing gradient.

The Cowlitz County Code is current through Ordinance 25- 067, passed October 21, 2025.

Cowlitz County Code Chapter 19. 15 CRITICAL AREAS

Page 4/ 78

Alteration" means a human action that results in a physical change to the existing condition of land or improvements, including, but not limited to: clearing vegetation, filling and grading, and construction of structures or facilities including impervious surfaces. Anadromous

fish" means any fish that spawns and rears in freshwater and matures in the marine environment.

Applicant" means the person; party; firm; corporation; Indian tribe; federal, state, or local government; or any other

entity that proposes any activity that could affect a critical area. Aquifer" means a geological formation, group of formations, or part of a formation that is capable of yielding a significant amount of water to a well, spring, or natural watercourse. 1."

Confined" means an aquifer bounded by formations of distinctly lower permeability than that of the aquifer

itself and that contains groundwater under sufficient pressure for the water to rise above the top of the aquifer. 2." Unconfined" means an aquifer where groundwater is in a formation that is not bound by a formation of lower permeability and in which the groundwater surface is at atmospheric pressure. Aquifer- r-eehar-ge area" means areas where water- infiltFates into sail and/ or-r-ook and r-eaehes the gr-otmdwaten

Base flood" means a flood event having a one percent chance of being equaled or exceeded in any given year, also referred to as the 100- year flood. Designations of base flood areas on flood insurance maps always include the letters A or V.

Best available science" means current scientific information used in the process to designate, protect, or restore

critical areas, that is derived from a valid scientific process as defined by WAC 365- 195- 900 through 365- 195- 925. Best management

practices"(`

BMPs")

means systems of practices and management measures that:

1. Control soil loss and reduce water quality degradation caused by nutrients, animal waste, and toxins; 2. Control the movement of sediment and erosion caused by land- alteration activities to protect water quality and slope stability; 3. Minimize adverse impacts to surface and groundwater

quality, flow, and circulation patterns; and to the

chemical, physical, and biological characteristics of wetlands; 4. Minimize adverse impacts to the chemical, physical, and biological characteristics of a critical area; 5. Protect trees and vegetation designated to be retained during and following site construction plant species appropriate to the site for revegetation of disturbed areas; and

and use native

6. Monitor mitigation measures to ensure that functions and values impacted by a project are provided and maintained.

Board" means the Cowlitz County Board of Commissioners. Buffer" means an area adjacent to a critical area that functions to avoid loss or diminution of the ecological

functions and values of the critical area. Specifically, a buffer may: 1. Preserve the ecological functions and values of a system, including, but not limited to, providing microclimate conditions, shading, input of organic material, and sediments; room for variation and changes in natural wetland, river, or stream characteristics; providing for habitat for lifecycle stages of species normally associated with the resource; and

2. Physically isolate a critical area such as a wetland, river, or stream from potential disturbance and harmful intrusion from surrounding uses using distance, height, visual, and/ or sound barriers, and generally including dense native vegetation, but also may include human- made features such as fences and other barriers;

The Cowlitz County Code is current through Ordinance 25- 067, passed October 21, 2025.

Cowlitz County Code Chapter 19. 15 CRITICAL AREAS

Page 5/ 78

3. Act to minimize risk to the public from loss of life, well-being, or property damage resulting from natural disasters such as from landslide or flooding. Channel

CMZ)"

means the area along a river within which the channel( s) can be reasonably predicted to migrate over time as a result of natural and normally occurring hydrological and related processes when migration

zone(

considered with the characteristics of the river and its surroundings. The channel migration zone does not include

areas that are separated from the active channel by a legally existing artificial structure( s) that is likely to restrain channel migration, including transportation facilities such as state or federal highways or a railroad, built above or

constructed to remain intact through the 100- year flood. Clearing" means the destruction or removal of vegetation from a site by physical, mechanical, chemical or other

means. This does not include landscape maintenance or pruning consistent with accepted horticultural practices that does not impair the health or survival of the trees or native vegetation.

Compensatory mitigation" means restoration( reestablishment or rehabilitation), establishment( creation), enhancement,

and/ or in certain circumstances

preservation of wetlands for the purposes of offsetting unavoidable

adverse impacts that remain after all appropriate and practicable avoidance and minimization has been achieved.

Conservation easement" means an interest or right of use over a property, less than fee simple, to protect, preserve, maintain, improve, restore, limit the future use of, or conserve for open space purposes any land or improvement on the land. Critical area" includes the following areas and ecosystems: ( 1) wetlands;( 2) areas with a critical recharging effect on aquifers used for potable water;( 3) fish and wildlife habitat conservation areas;( 4) frequently flooded areas; and 5) geologically hazardous areas as defined in RCW 36. 70A.030.

Critical areas permit" means a written authorization issued by the Department of Building and Planning declaring that identified development or regulated activity complies with the provisions of this chapter.

Critical facilities" include, but are not limited to, schools; nursing homes; hospitals; police, fire and emergency response installations; and installations that produce, use, or store hazardous materials or hazardous waste. Critical aquifer recharge area" means are areas with a critical recharging effect on aquifers used for potable water, including areas where an aquifer that is a source of drinking water is vulnerable to contamination that would affect

the potability of the water, or is susceptible to reduced recharge. Department" means the Cowlitz County Department of Building and Planning. Development" means a regulated project involving property improvement or a change of physical character within the site; the act of using land for building or extractive purposes. Development shall include, but shall not be limited

to, the activities identified in CCC 19. 15. 060. For development in shoreline jurisdiction, refer to the definition of development" in the Shoreline Management Program.

Director" means the Director of the Department of Building and Planning, or a designated delegate. Diseased tree" means a tree that, in the opinion of the responsible official or an assigned expert approved by

Cowlitz County( such as but not limited to a professional forester or landscape architect), has a strong likelihood of infecting other trees or brush in the area or becoming a hazard as a result of the disease.

Erosion" means the general process or the group of processes whereby the materials of the earth' s crust are loosened, dissolved, or worn away, and simultaneously moved from one place to another, by natural forces, which include weathering, Institute,

solution, corrosion, and transportation,

but usually exclude mass wasting( American Geological

1998).

Excavation" means the removal of earth material either by hand- held tools or machinery.

The Cowlitz County Code is current through Ordinance 25- 067, passed October 21, 2025.

Cowlitz County Code Chapter 19. 15 CRITICAL AREAS

Page 6/ 78

Exempt" means an activity is allowed within a critical area or its buffer and is not subject to the policies, regulations or procedures of this chapter. For those activities that qualify for an exemption from the requirement to obtain a substantial development permit, please refer to the definition for" exempt" in the county' s Shoreline Master Program.

Exotic" means any species of plant or animal that is not native to the planning area. Feasible" means that an action, such as a development, mitigation, or restoration project, meets all of the following conditions:

1. The action can be accomplished with technologies and methods that have been used in the past in similar

circumstances, or studies or tests have demonstrated in similar circumstances that such approaches are currently available and likely to achieve the intended results; 2. The action provides a reasonable likelihood of achieving its intended purpose; and

3. The action does not physically preclude achieving the project' s primary intended legal use. In cases where this chapter requires certain actions unless they are infeasible, the burden of proving infeasibility is

on the applicant. In determining an action' s infeasibility, the county may weigh the action' s relative public costs and public benefits, considered in short- and long- term time frames.

Fill material" means a deposit of earth or other natural or human- made material placed by artificial means. Filling" means the addition of soil, sand, rock, gravel, sediment, earth retaining structure, or other material to an

area in a manner that raises the elevation or creates dry land from wetlands. Fish and wildlife habitat conservation areas" means those areas that serve a critical role in sustaining needed habitats and species for the functional integrity of the ecosystem, and which, if altered, may reduce the likelihood that the species will persist over the long term. These areas may include, but are not limited to, rare or vulnerable ecological systems, communities, and habitat or habitat elements, including seasonal ranges, breeding habitat, winter range, and movement corridors; and areas with high relative population density or species richness. Fish and wildlife

habitat conservation areas in Cowlitz County are designated in Table 19. 15. 130- A. Fish habitat" means habitat that is used by fish at any life stage at any time of the year, including potential habitat likely to be used by fish that could be recovered by restoration or management, and includes mainstem, side channel, and off- channel

habitat.

Flood" or" flooding" means a temporary condition of partial or complete inundation of normally dry land areas from the overflow of inland waters and/ or the unusual and rapid accumulation

of runoff of surface waters from any

source.

Floodplain" means the total land area adjoining a river, stream, watercourse, or lake subject to inundation by the base flood.

Formation"

means an assemblage of earth materials grouped together into a unit that is convenient for description

or mapping.

Frequently flooded areas" means those lands in the flood plain subject to at least a one percent or, greater chance of flooding in any given year, or within areas subject to flooding due to high groundwater.

These areas include, but are

not limited to, streams, rivers, lakes, coastal areas, wetlands, and areas where high groundwater forms ponds on the ground surface. ithi the inn year fleadpi.,: r

Functions and values" means the beneficial roles served by critical areas, including, but not limited to, water quality protection and enhancement; fish and wildlife habitat; food chain support; flood storage, conveyance and attenuation; groundwater recharge and discharge; erosion control; wave attenuation; protection from hazards; historical, archaeological, and aesthetic value protection; educational opportunities; and recreation.

The Cowlitz County Code is current through Ordinance 25- 067, passed October 21, 2025.

Cowlitz County Code Chapter 19. 15 CRITICAL AREAS

Page 7/ 78

Geologically hazardous areas" means those areas susceptible to erosion, sliding, earthquake, or other geological

events that pose a threat to the health and safety of citizens when incompatible development is sited in such areas. Geologically hazardous areas in Cowlitz County are defined in CCC 19. 15. 150. Geologist. See definition under" qualified professional." Geotechnical

assessment"

means an assessment prepared by a qualified professional that evaluates the site

conditions and the effects of a proposal, identifies mitigating measures to ensure that the risks associated with geologic hazards will be substantially reduced, and provides a professional evaluation of the need for additional

studies. See CCC 19. 15. 150 for requirements of geotechnical assessments. Geotechnical report" or" geotechnical analysis" means a scientific study or evaluation conducted by a qualified expert that includes a description of the ground and surface hydrology and geology; the affected land form and its susceptibility to mass wasting, erosion, and other geologic hazards or processes; conclusions and recommendations

regarding the effect of the proposed development on geologic conditions; the adequacy of the site to be developed; the impacts of the proposed development;

alternative approaches to the proposed development;

and measures to

mitigate potential site- specific and cumulative geological and hydrological impacts of the proposed development, including the potential adverse impacts to adjacent and down- current properties. Geotechnical reports shall conform to accepted technical standards and must be prepared by qualified professional engineers or geologists who have professional expertise about the regional and local geology and processes. See CCC 19. 15. 150 for requirements of geotechnical reports. Grading" means the movement or redistribution,

including excavation or fill, of the soil, sand, rock, gravel,

sediment, or other material on a site in a manner that alters the natural or existing contour of the land. Groundwater" means that part of the subsurface water that is in the saturated zone. All waters that exist beneath the surface or beneath the bed of any stream, lake or reservoir, or other body of surface water within the boundaries of this state, including underground streams, from which wells, springs, and groundwater runoff are supplied, whatever may be the geological formation or structure in which such water stands or flows, percolates or otherwise moves. Growth Management Act" means Chapters 36. 70A and 36. 7013 RCW, as amended. Note: Cowlitz County is not

required and has not elected to" fully plan" under the Growth Management Act. Cowlitz County is required to plan for critical areas and natural resource land. Habitat conservation areas" means areas designated as fish and wildlife habitat conservation areas. See Table 19. 15. 130- A, Fish and Wildlife Habitat Conservation Areas, or WAC 365- 190- 080( 5)( a). Habitats of local importance" means those areas that include a seasonal range or habitat element with which a

given species has a primary association, and that, if altered, may reduce the likelihood that the species will maintain and reproduce over the long term. These might include areas of high relative population density or species richness, breeding habitat, winter range, and movement corridors. These might also include habitats that are of limited availability or high vulnerability to alterations, such as cliffs, talus, and wetlands( WAC 365- 190- 030). Hazard areas" means areas designated as frequently flooded areas or geologically hazardous areas due to potential

for erosion, landslide, seismic activity, mine collapse, or other geologically hazardous condition. Hazard tree" means any tree which, in the opinion of the responsible official, an expert approved by Cowlitz County( such as, but not limited to, a professional forester or landscape architect), or a similar expert employed by another public agency or utility, has a strong likelihood of causing a hazard to life or property. Hazardous substances" means any liquid, solid, gas, or sludge, including any material, substance, product, commodity, or waste, regardless of quantity, that exhibits any of the physical, chemical, or biological properties described in WAC 173- 303- 090 or 173- 303- 100.

Historic condition" means the condition of the land, including flora, fauna, soil, topography, and hydrology, that existed before the area and vicinity were developed or altered by human activity.

The Cowlitz County Code is current through Ordinance 25- 067, passed October 21, 2025.

Cowlitz County Code Chapter 19. 15 CRITICAL AREAS

Page 8/ 78

Hydric soil" means a soil that is saturated, flooded, or ponded long enough during the growing season to develop anaerobic conditions.

Hydrophytic vegetation" means macrophytic plant life growing in water or on a substrate that is at least periodically deficient in oxygen as a result of excessive water content. Impervious surface" means a hard surface area that either prevents or severely restricts the entry of water into the soil mantle.

Indigenous" means any native species of vegetation, fish, or wildlife that occurs naturally on a particular site. Infiltration" means the entry( usually downward) of water into the immediate surface of soil. Infiltration rate" means the rate at which water penetrates the soil surface, expressed as velocity. The infiltration

rate of a given soil varies under saturated and unsaturated conditions. Invasive" means a nonnative plant or animal species that either:

1. Causes or may cause significant displacement in range to, a reduction in abundance of, or otherwise threatens, native species in their natural communities;

2. Threatens or may threaten natural resources or their use in the state;

3. Causes or may cause economic damage to commercial or recreational activities that are dependent upon state waters;

4. Threatens or harms human health( RCW 77. 08. 010( 28)).

Lahars" means mudflows and debris flows originating from the slopes of a volcano. Lake" means a naturally existing or artificially created body of standing water, including reservoirs, 20 acres or greater in size, which exists on a year-round basis and occurs in a depression of land. Landfill" means a disposal facility or part of a facility at which solid waste is placed in or on land.

Landslide" means uncontrolled abrupt or gradual downslope movement of a mass of soil and/ or rock. Lateral spreads" are a type of earthquake- induced landslide. Areas subject to lateral spreading are typically gently

sloping or flat sites underlain by liquefiable sediments adjacent to an open face, such as river banks. Liquefied soils adjacent to open faces may" flow" in that direction, resulting in lateral displacement

and surface cracking.

Liquefaction" is a process in which the strength and density of a soil is reduced by earthquake shaking or other rapid pressure. It occurs in soils in which the space between individual particles is completely filled with water( e. g., saturated soils). During an earthquake, the water pressure between the particles increases to the point where the soil

particles can readily move with respect to each other, and thus the soil loses strength. Liquefaction can induce significant ground settlement, bearing- capacity failure, and lateral spreading.

Management recommendations" means recommendations developed by the Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife or other state or federal agencies to meet the goal of maintaining or enhancing the structural and functional integrity of riparian habitat and associated aquatic systems needed to perpetually support fish and wildlife populations on both site and landscape levels. Mitigation"

means

avoiding, minimizing,

ing, reducing, aef compensating,

rectifying,

and/ or monitoring for adverse

critical areas impacts induced from a project. See CCC 19. 15. 170 for mitigation requirements. Mitigation plan" means a plan that outlines the activities that will be undertaken to alleviate or compensate for project impacts. Mitigation plan requirements are found in CCC 19. 15. 170.

The Cowlitz County Code is current through Ordinance 25- 067, passed October 21, 2025.

Cowlitz County Code Chapter 19. 15 CRITICAL AREAS

Page 9/ 78

Monitoring" means evaluating the impacts of development proposals on the biological, hydrological, and geological conditions of critical areas. Monitoring includes the gathering of baseline data and the assessment of the performance

of required mitigation measures through the collection and analysis of data for the purposes of

understanding and documenting changes in natural ecosystems and features. Must" means a mandate; the action is required.

Native vegetation" means plant species that are indigenous to the area. Natural topography" or" existing topography" means the topography of the lot, parcel, or tract of real property immediately prior to any site preparation or grading, including excavation or filling. Natural waters" means waters, excluding water conveyance systems that are artificially constructed and actively maintained for irrigation, drainage and/ or stormwater management facilities.

Nonconformity" means a legally established existing use or legally constructed structure that is not in compliance with current regulations. Nonindigenous. See" exotic."

Noxious weed" means any nonnative plant that, when established, is highly destructive, competitive, or difficult to control.

Open space" means an area that is intended to provide light and air, view, use, or passage of persons or animals; is almost entirely unobstructed by buildings, paved areas, or other human- made structures; and is designed or

preserved for environmental, habitat, scenic, or recreational purposes. Ordinary high water mark" on all lakes, streams, and tidal water is that mark that will be found by examining the bed and banks and ascertaining where the presence and action of waters are so common and usual, and so long continued in all ordinary years, as to mark upon the soil a character distinct from that of the abutting upland, in respect to vegetation as that condition exists on June 1, 1971, as it may naturally change thereafter, or as it may change thereafter in accordance with permits issued by a local government or the Department. In any area where the

ordinary high water mark cannot be found, the ordinary high water mark adjoining saltwater shall be the line of mean higher high tide and the ordinary high water mark adjoining freshwater shall be the line of mean high water.

Permeability" means the capacity of soil or rock to transmit water. Planning clearance" is the planning and environmental review procedure required prior to acceptance of building or septic permit applications on all developed or undeveloped lots, tracts or parcels. Procedures for planning clearance are outlined in Building and Planning Department Policy Number 120. 56 as it now exists, and as hereafter amended.

Pond" means a naturally existing or artificially created body of standing water under 20 acres, which exists on a year- round basis and occurs in a depression of land or expanded part of a stream. Potable water" means water that is safe for human consumption.

the proper functioning of the habitat of a critical species. Priority habitat" means habitat type or elements with unique or significant value to one or more species as classified by the State Department of Fish and Wildlife. Prohibited"

means forbidden by law.

The Cowlitz County Code is current through Ordinance 25- 067, passed October 21, 2025.

Cowlitz County Code Chapter 19. 15 CRITICAL AREAS

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Project area" means all areas proposed to be disturbed, altered, or used by the proposed activity for temporary etc.), permanent development staging, construction access, soil stockpiling,

construction activities( e. g., materials e. g.,

residential

homes,

driveways,

detached

garages, decks,

fences,

etc.),

or regulatory

alteration(

e. g., rezoning

Comprehensive Plan designation change). For subdivisions, short subdivisions, binding site plans, planned unit developments, Provisions"

or rezones, the project area shall include the entire parcel. means policies, regulations, or standards.

Qualified professional"

means a person with experience, education, and/ or professional

degrees and training

pertaining to the critical area in question as described for each critical area below. Qualified professionals will also possess experience with performing site evaluations, analyzing critical area functions and values, analyzing critical area impacts, and recommending critical area mitigation and restoration. The Director shall require professionals to demonstrate the basis for qualifications and shall make final determination as to qualifications. Demonstration of qualifications

may include, but not be limited to, professional certification( s) and/ or recognition through publication

of technical papers or journals. Qualified professionals for each critical area are as follows: 1. Wetlands. Biologist or wetland ecologist who has a bachelor' s degree in wetland science, hydrology, soil science, botany, ecology, resource management, or a related field, from an accredited college or university; at least two years of experience under the supervision of a practicing wetland professional; and has experience delineating wetlands, preparing wetland reports, conducting function assessments, and developing and implementing mitigation plans. 2. Fish and Wildlife

Habitat

Areas.

Biologist/ wildlife

biologist/ stream

ecologist/ habitat

ecologist

who has a

bachelor' s degree in biological, wildlife and/ or stream ecology science from an accredited college or university and has at least two years of experience under the supervision of a practicing professional biologist or ecologist.

and is licensed as a professional geologist in the state of Washington. The licensed geologist shall have demonstrated experience analyzing geologic hazards and preparing reports for the relevant type of hazard. b." Hydrogeologist"

means a licensed geologist in the state of Washington with a specialty license in

hydrogeology meeting the requirements of WAC 308- 15- 057. The licensed hydrogeologist shall have demonstrated

experience analyzing hydrogeologic

hazards and preparing reports for the relevant type of

hazard.

Engineering geologist" means a licensed geologist in the state of Washington with a specialty license in engineering geology meeting the requirements of WAC 308- 15- 055. The licensed engineering geologist shall have demonstrated experience analyzing geologic hazards and preparing reports for the relevant type c. "

of hazard.

d." Geotechnical engineer" means a person who has a bachelor' s degree in civil engineering from an accredited college or university and at least five years of experience as a practicing geotechnical

engineer,

and is a registered professional engineer in the state of Washington( meeting the requirements of RCW 18. 43. 040). The licensed engineer shall have demonstrated experience conducting geotechnical investigations, analyzing geologic hazards, and preparing reports for the relevant type of hazard. 4. Critical

Aquifer Recharge

Areas

CARAs ."

Hydrogeologist" means a licensed geologist in the state of

Washington with a specialty license in hydrogeology meeting the requirements of WAC 308- 15- 057. The licensed hydrogeologist shall have demonstrated experience analyzing hydrogeologic hazards and preparing reports for the relevant type of hazard.

5. Frequently Flooded Areas.

The Cowlitz County Code is current through Ordinance 25- 067, passed October 21, 2025.

Cowlitz County Code Chapter 19. 15 CRITICAL AREAS

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experience analyzing hydrogeologic

hazards and preparing reports for the relevant type of

hazard.

b." Fluvial geomorphologist" means a person who has a bachelor' s degree in earth sciences from an accredited college or university with applicable course work in fluvial geomorphology years of professional experience in fluvial geomorphology.

and at least five

Hydraulics engineer" means a person who has a bachelor' s degree in civil engineering from an accredited college or university and at least five years of experience as a practicing hydraulics engineer, c. "

and is a registered professional engineer in the state of Washington( meeting the requirements

of RCW

Regular basis" means that the habitat area is normally or usually known to contain a plant or animal species listed by the state or federal government as threatened or endangered( critical species), or based on known habitat requirements of the species, the area is likely to contain the critical species. " Regular basis" is species- and population- dependent. Species that exist in low numbers may be present infrequently yet rely on certain habitat types.

Regulated activities" means activities occurring in a critical area or associated buffer that are subject to the provisions of this chapter. See CCC 19. 15. 060 for a full list of regulated activities. Repair or maintenance" means an activity that restores the character, scope, size, and design of a serviceable area, structure, or land use to its previously authorized and undamaged condition.

Restore" means to reestablish or upgrade impaired ecological processes or functions. This may be accomplished through measures including, but not limited to, revegetation, removal of intrusive structures, and removal or treatment of toxic materials.

Restoration"

means measures taken to restore an altered or damaged natural feature, including:

1. Active steps taken to return damaged wetlands, streams, protected habitat, or their buffers to the functioning condition that existed prior to an unauthorized alteration; and 2. Actions performed to reestablish structural and functional characteristics of the critical area that have been lost by alteration, past management

activities, or catastrophic events.

Restoration does not imply a requirement for returning the area to aboriginal or pre- European settlement conditions. Restoration, wetland" means the manipulation

of the physical, chemical, or biological characteristics

of a site with

the goal of returning natural or historic functions to a former or degraded wetland. For the purposes of tracking net gains in wetland acres, wetland restoration may include one or more of the following elements: 1."

Reestablishment"

means the manipulation

of the physical, chemical, or biological characteristics

of a site

with the, goal of returning natural/ historic functions and environmental processes to a former wetland. Reestablishment results in rebuilding a former wetland and results in a gain in wetland area and functions.resu-lts n inwedand aeres( and functions). Aetivities eould include removing fill material, plugging ditehes, or

removi g existing drainage structures. 2."

Rehabilitation" means the manipulation of the physical, chemical, or biological characteristics of a site with

the, goal of repairing natural/ historic functions and environmental results

in a, gain in wetland

area

and functions.

processes to a degraded wetland.

of the physical, o sisal, chemical, or biologioal eharacter-isties of a site with the goal of returning natural or historic funetions to a floninall liv__ Rehabilitation

m^-

ni4-p-

u'^*;-

The Cowlitz County Code is current through Ordinance 25- 067, passed October 21, 2025.

Cowlitz County Code Chapter 19. 15 CRITICAL AREAS

and

results

in a gain in wetland

Page 12/ 78

funetion

but does not result

t1and acres.

Activities

eould

involve

3." Establishment" means the manipulation of the physical, chemical, or biological characteristics present to develop a wetland on an upland or deepwater site, where a wetland did not previously exist. 4." Creation".

See" establishnwn*"

means the manipulation

of the physical, chemical, or biological

characteristics present to develop a wetland that did not previously exist at an upland site. Creation results in a gain in wetland area and functions. A typical action is the excavation of upland soils to elevations that will produce a wetland hydroperiod and hydric soils, and support the growth of hydrophytic plant species. 5." Enhancement" means the manipulation of the physical, chemical, or biological characteristics of a wetland to heighten, intensify, or improve specific function( s). Enhancement results in the gain of selected function( s), but may also lead to a decline in other function( s). Enhancement does not result in a gain in wetland intensi

area.

6." Preservation" means the removal of a threat to, or preventing the decline of, wetlands by an action in or near those wetlands. This term includes activities commonly associated with the protection and maintenance of wetlands through the implementation of appropriate legal and physical mechanisms such as recording conservation easements and providing structural protection( such as recording conservation easements and providing structural protection like fences and signs). Preservation does not result in a gain of wetland area and functions( but may result in a gain in functions over the longt erm). aetio s taken to ensure the peFinanent

pr-ateetion of existing, high quality wetlands-. Restoration, in- kind" means replacement of critical areas with substitute areas whose characteristics and functions

and values closely approximate those negatively impacted by a regulated activity. Restoration, off- site" means to replace critical areas away from the site on which a critical area has been impacted. Restoration, on- site" means to replace critical areas at or adjacent to a site on which a critical area has been impacted.

Restoration, out- of-kind" means replacement of critical areas with substitute areas whose characteristics do not

closely approximate those negatively impacted by a regulated activity. Riparian habitat" means areas adjacent to aquatic systems that contain elements of both aquatic and terrestrial

ecosystems that mutually influence each other. The width of these areas extends to that portion of the terrestrial landscape that directly influences the aquatic ecosystem by providing streambank stability, pollutant removal, shade, fine or large woody material, nutrients, organic and inorganic debris, terrestrial insects, or habitat for riparianassociated wildlife. Widths shall be measured horizontally from the ordinary high water mark, or from the top of

bank if the ordinary high water mark cannot be identified. It includes the entire extent of the floodplain and the extent of vegetation adapted to wet conditions as well as adjacent upland plant communities that directly influence the aquatic ecosystem.

Riparian habitat, isolated" means a riparian habitat area that is outside of any 100- year floodplain and does not provide shade, fine or large woody material, nutrients, organic and inorganic debris, terrestrial insects, or habitat for riparianassociated wildlife. River.

See"

watercourse."

Seeps or springs" means a location where water emanates from the earth, often forming the source of a small stream. Seeps and springs are hydrologically supported by groundwater and have a relatively constant water temperature and chemistry. Springs differ from seeps in that they tend to have a more persistent water source and have fewer dry periods than seeps. SEPA" means the Washington State Environmental Policy Act, Chapter 43. 21C RCW and implementing regulations in Chapter 197- 11 WAC.

The Cowlitz County Code is current through Ordinance 25- 067, passed October 21, 2025.

Cowlitz County Code Chapter 19. 15 CRITICAL AREAS

Serviceable"

Page 13/ 78

means presently usable.

Setback" means the distance an activity, building, or structure must be located from a critical area or its buffer. Shall" means a mandate; the action must be done.

Short subdivision" means the division or redivision of land into four or fewer lots, tracts, sites, parcels, or divisions, any of which is less than five acres in size, for the purpose of sale, lease, or transfer of ownership. Should" means that the particular action is required unless there is a demonstrated,

compelling reason against

taking the action.

Significant portion of its range" means that portion of a species' range likely to be essential to the long- term survival of the population. Site" means any parcel or combination of contiguous parcels, right- of-way, or combination of contiguous rights- ofway under the applicant' s ownership or control where the proposed project occurs.

Site class" refers to a classification system for evaluating the potential for soils to amplify ground shaking during an earthquake. The classification is based upon the average shear- wave velocity in the upper 100 feet of the soilrock column. Shear waves are the earthquake waves that create the strongest horizontal shaking and are the most damaging to buildings and structures. Slope" means an inclined earth surface, the inclination of which is expressed as the ratio of horizontal distance to

vertical distance. In these regulations,

slopes are generally expressed as a percentage; percentage of slope refers to a

given rise in elevation over a given run in distance. A 40 percent slope, for example, refers to a 40- foot rise in elevation over a distance of 100 feet. A 100 percent slope equals a 45- degree angle. In most engineering and geologic reports, slopes are described in ratios( horizontal: vertical, H:V) or degrees. The following table shows common slope gradients and various description methods: Table 19. 15. 050. Common

Rise: Run

Engineering Ratio( H: V)

(

V: H)

Slope Gradients

Percent

Angle Degrees)

1: 1

100: 100

100%

45 deg.

1. 25: 1

80: 100

80%

39 deg.

2: 1

50: 100

50%

27 deg.

2. 5: 1

40: 100

40%

22 deg.

3: 1

33: 100

33%

18 deg.

4: 1

25: 100

25%

14 deg.

5: 1

20: 100

20%

11 deg.

For example, a slope that rises 40 feet over a horizontal distance( run) of 100 feet can be referred to as being a 2. 5: 1 H:V) slope; having an angle of 22 degrees; or being a 40 percent slope. Snag" means any dead, partially dead, or defective( cull) tree at least 10 feet tall and 12 inches in diameter at breast height.

Snag- rich areas" means areas with 10 or more snags per acre. Soil survey" means the most recent soil survey for the local area or county by the National Resources Conservation Service,

U. S. Department

of Agriculture.

The Cowlitz County Code is current through Ordinance 25- 067, passed October 21, 2025.

Cowlitz County Code Chapter 19. 15 CRITICAL AREAS

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Soil with severe erosion hazard" means any soil type indicated as having a degree of hazard or limitation of severe or very severe according to the soil survey. Species, endangered" means any plant, fish, or wildlife species that is threatened with extinction throughout all or a significant portion of its range and is listed by the state or federal government as an endangered species( see Table 19. 15. 130- A).

Species of local importance" means those species of local concern due to their population status or their sensitivity to habitat manipulation( see Table 19. 15. 130- A).

Species, priority" means any fish or wildlife species requiring protective measures and/ or management guidelines to ensure their persistence as genetically viable population levels as classified by the Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife( see Table 19. 15. 130- A).

Species, sensitive" means species native to Washington that are vulnerable or declining, and are likely to become endangered or threatened in a significant portion of their ranges within the state without cooperative management or the removal of threats( see Table 19. 15. 130- A).

threats, and is listed by the state or federal government as a threatened species( see Table 19. 15. 130- A). Spring. See" seeps or springs." Stream. See" watercourse."

Structure" means a permanent or temporary edifice or building or any piece of work artificially built or composed of parts joined together in some definite manner, whether installed on, above, or below the surface of the ground or water, except for vessels.

Subbasin" means the drainage area of the highest order stream containing the subject property impact area.

Subdivision" means a division of land into five or more lots, tracts, parcels, sites, or divisions for the purpose of sale, lease or transfer of ownership, and shall include all resubdivision of land. Surface water" means water that flows across the land surface, in channels, or is contained in depressions in the

land surface, including but not limited to ponds, lakes, rivers, streams, and wetlands.

Susceptibility" means the state or fact of being likely to be influenced or harmed by a particular thing. In the CAO it is used with respect to contamination and geological hazards. Talus slope" means a slope formed by the accumulation of rock debris at the bottom of steep slopes or cliffs. Unavoidable impacts" means adverse impacts that remain after all appropriate and practicable avoidance and minimization have been achieved.

Upland" means the land area above and landward of the ordinary high water mark or any area that does not qualify as a wetland.

Utility line" means pipe, conduit, cable or other similar facility by which services are conveyed to the public or individual recipients. Such services shall include, but are not limited to, water supply, electric power, natural gas, communications, and sanitary sewer. Variance" means a grant of relief from the requirements of this chapter that permits construction in a manner that would otherwise be prohibited by this chapter. For those sites within Shoreline Master Program jurisdiction, refer to the county' s Shoreline Master Program for variance requirements and procedures.

The Cowlitz County Code is current through Ordinance 25- 067, passed October 21, 2025.

Cowlitz County Code Chapter 19. 15 CRITICAL AREAS

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Vessel" means any contrivance used or designated for navigation on water, except a seaplane when operated on the waters of this county. Vulnerability" means the state of being capable of or susceptible to being injured. Water- dependent use" means a use or portion of a use that cannot exist in a location that is not adjacent to the water, but is dependent on the water by reason of the intrinsic nature of its operations; a use that can be carried out

only on, in, or adjacent to the water. Water table" means that surface in an unconfined aquifer at which the pressure is atmospheric. Water typing system" means waters classified according to the Washington Department of Natural Resources, WAC 222- 16- 031 ( see CCC

Watercourse"

19. 15. 130).

means any portion of a channel, bed, bank, or bottom waterward of the ordinary high water line of

waters of the state, including areas in which fish may spawn, reside, or through which they may pass, and tributary waters with defined beds or banks, that influence the quality of fish habitat downstream. This definition includes watercourses that flow on an intermittent basis or that fluctuate in level during the year and applies to the entire bed of such watercourse whether or not the water is at peak level. This definition does not include irrigation ditches, canals, stormwater runoff devices, drainage ditches maintained by diking districts and similar public agencies, or other

entirely

artificial

watercourses_,

exeept where

they exist in a

a ..,'

water-eaufse that has been altered by

Well" means any exca-vation that is constmeted when the intended use of the well is for location, di

at4ificial recharge, observation, monitoring, dewatering, orwithdrawal of groundwater-for agr-icultufal, municipal," industrial,

domestic

Wellhead

protection

area( WHPA)"

use.

means protective areas associated with public drinking water sources

established by water systems and approved or assigned by the state department of health.means the portion of^ zone of contfibu4ian for-a well, welffield, or-spring, as defined using er-iteria established by the Washington State Departmen4 of Ecology,

Wetland" means areas that are inundated or saturated by surface water or groundwater at a frequency and duration sufficient to support, and that under normal circumstances do support, a prevalence of vegetation typically adapted for life in saturated soil conditions. Wetlands generally include swamps, marshes, bogs and similar areas. Wetlands

ponds and landscape amenities, or those wetlands created after July 1, 1990, that were unintentionally created as a result of the construction of a road, street or highway. Wetlands include artificial wetlands intentionally created from nonwetland areas to mitigate conversion of wetlands. Wetlands are delineated in accordance with the approved

federal wetland delineation manual and applicable regional supplements. Three general types of wetlands are emergent,

1."

forested

and scrub- shrub:

Emergent wetland" means a wetland with at least 30 percent of the surface area covered by erect, rooted,

herbaceous vegetation extending above the water surface as the uppermost vegetative stratum. 2."

Forested wetland" means a wetland with at least 30 percent of the surface area covered by woody vegetation greater than 20 feet in height that is at least partially rooted within the wetland. 3."

Scrub- shrub wetland" means a wetland with at least 30 percent of its surface area covered by woody

vegetation less than 20 feet in height as the uppermost stratum.

Wetland functions" are determined by physical, chemical, and biological characteristics and include but are not limited to: fish and wildlife habitat, aquifer recharge and discharge, water quality, shoreline stabilization, and flood and erosion control.

The Cowlitz County Code is current through Ordinance 25- 067, passed October 21, 2025.

Cowlitz County Code Chapter 19. 15 CRITICAL AREAS

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similar resources. In general, a mitigation bank sells compensatory mitigation credits to permittees whose obligation

to provide compensatory mitigation is then transferred to the mitigation bank sponsor. The operation and use of a mitigation bank are governed by a mitigation banking instrument. means rvgtilatoi-

y agencies

where

pr-oviding compensatofy

wetlands

are

restored,

created,

enhaneed,

and/ or preserved expressly

for- the pt"

ose of

mitigation in ad-vance of authorized impacts to similar resotHoes.

Wetland mosaic" means an area with a concentration of multiple small wetlands, in which each patch of wetland is less than one acre; patches are less than 100 feet from each other; and areas delineated as wetland are more than 50% of the total

area

of the

entire

including uplands

mosaic,

and

open

water., wher-e

them^

ands

in pr-eximity to one another-, eaeh pateh of wetland is less than one aeFe, each pateh is less than 100 feet apai4, on

aver-age, and the areas delineated as vegetated wedand are mor-e than 50 per-eent of the total area of wetlands and uplands,

open wateF, and Fiver- bars.

Wetland types" or" wetland classes" means the descriptive classes of the wetlands taxonomic classification system of the U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service( Cowardin, et al., 1979).

Wetlands, isolated" means those wetlands that are outside of and not contiguous with any 100- year floodplain of a lake, river, or stream and have no contiguous hydric soil or hydrophytic vegetation between the wetland and any surface water. Within the Shoreline Master Program jurisdiction, no wetlands are considered isolated. Zone of eentr-ibution" means the area stiffounding a well ar-spring that eneompasses all areas or-features that supply gr-atind- water-

19. 15. 060

eeh - ge to the well

Ord.

16- 174 §

2( Exh. A), 12- 20- 16.]

Applicability— Regulated activities.

A. All persons proposing a use or development in critical areas or their buffers shall first obtain a critical areas permit pursuant to this chapter, except as identified pursuant to CCC 19. 15. 070. B. Uses and development activities shall include, but are not limited to, the following: 1. Removing, clearing, grading, excavating, disturbing, or dredging soil, sand, gravel, minerals, organic matter or materials of any kind; 2. Dumping, discharging, or filling with any material; 3. Subdivisions, short subdivisions, planned unit developments( PUDs), mobile home parks, and RV parks; 4. Construction, reconstruction, demolition, or alteration of the size of any structure or infrastructure; 5. Construction of any new public or private road or driveway; 6. Destroying or altering vegetation through clearing, harvesting, cutting, intentional burning, shading, or planting nonnative species where these activities would alter the character of a critical area, or its buffer; provided, that these activities are not part of a forest practice governed under Chapter 76. 09 RCW and its rules; 7. Draining, flooding, or altering the water level, duration of inundation, or water table; 8. Activities causing significant adverse changes in water temperature, or physical or chemical changes of water sources to wetlands or surface water systems;

9. Application of pesticides, fertilizers, and/ or other chemicals in amounts or at times demonstrated

as harmful

to water quality, wetland habitat, riparian corridors associated with surface water systems, or wildlife or fish life;

10. The driving of pilings; 11. The placing of obstructions;

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Cowlitz County Code Chapter 19. 15 CRITICAL AREAS

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12. Other uses or development that results in an ecological impact to the physical, chemical, or biological characteristics of wetlands; or

13. Activities reducing the functions of buffers. C. Existing agricultural activities, as defined in this chapter and RCW https:// 90. 58. 065, within the Grays/ Elochoman, Upper Chehalis, Cowlitz, and Lewis WRIAs, are managed by the Cowlitz County Voluntary Stewardship Program municip

VSP), and not regulated by this Title. Ord. 16- 174 §

al.code s/WA/R CW/90. 58.065

2( Exh. A), 12- 20- 16.]

19. 15. 065

Nonconforming

A. A nonconforming

uses and structures.

use or structure may be continued and maintained in reasonable repair; provided, that it is not

enlarged, intensified, increased, or altered in any way that increases its nonconformity. B. A nonconforming single- family residence or accessory structure not located in a frequently flooded area or active landslide hazard area or buffer may be enlarged a single time, by up to 25 percent of the existing building footprint, not to so

exceed

long

500

square

feet. Such enlargement

shall be exempt

f. of,

the

of the

or-itic '

areas

ordinance

away from or parallel to the critical area and/ or buffer.

C. If a nonconforming

use is not active for a period of one year, it shall be deemed discontinued. A discontinued

nonconforming use cannot be resumed. Any further use of the property must conform to the provisions of this chapter.

D. A nonconforming

use cannot be changed to another nonconforming

use without full compliance with this

chapter.

E. If a nonconforming use or structure is destroyed by any natural or accidental cause, said use may be resumed and/ or the structure may be rebuilt so long as an application for planning clearance is submitted within one year following destruction and the use is devoted only to that nonconforming use existing prior to destruction. If court action rules at any time that the owner of the destroyed nonconforming use or structure or building was responsible for said destruction, then any existing or future use or structure shall conform to the provisions of this chapter. F. All development proposals shall be subject to applicable building code( s) and/ or health code( s) in place at the time of subject development permit submittal. [ Ord. 16- 174 § 2( Exh. A), 12- 20- 16.]

19. 15. 070

Exemptions.

The following activities shall be exempt from the provisions of this chapter: A. The policies, regulations, and procedures of this chapter do not apply to those activities and uses conducted

pursuant to the Washington State Forest Practices Act and its rules and regulations, Chapter 76. 09 RCW and WAC Title 222, where state law specifically limits local authority, except with regard to developments requiring local approval, when the county is the lead agency for environmental review.

and conversions

B. Existing and ongoing agricultural activities, as defined in this chapter and RCW https:// 90. 58. 065,- are managed by the Cowlitz County Voluntary Stewardship Program( VSP), and not regulated by this Title. municip

al.code of s/WA/R any such facilities does not extend outside the footprint of the existing development, and only when replacement of CW/90. facilities within a watercourse, wetland, naturally occurring pond, or associated buffer will result in no additional 58.065 disturbance of any critical area or buffer: C. Maintenance,

operation, repair, reconstruction,

or replacement of the following; provided, that reconstruction

1. Existing structures; 2. Existing public and private roads, streets, driveways; and

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Cowlitz County Code Chapter 19. 15 CRITICAL AREAS

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3. Existing utility lines, public and private stormwater detention facilities, wastewater treatment facilities, grass- lined swales, in-stream detention facilities, and flood- control and diking facilities. D. Any interior remodeling construction in residential and nonresidential structures that does not involve alteration to the building footprint, ground disturbance, or increased impervious surfaces. E. Installation, construction, or replacement of utility lines in an improved county right- of-way, not including electric substations.

F. Maintenance of existing and ongoing landscaping, including normal and nondestructive pruning and trimming of vegetation and thinning of limbs or individual trees, in a critical area or buffer area that was disturbed prior to July 24, 1996, or when disturbance was approved via a critical areas permit after July 24, 1996; provided, that no further disturbance

is created.

G. The following vegetation removal activities:

1. The removal with hand labor and low-impact equipment of any invasive vegetation designated by the Cowlitz County Weed Control Board and in addition: English ivy( Hedera helix); Himalayan blackberry Rubus armeniacus); evergreen blackberry( Rubus laciniatus); giant knotweed( Polygonum sachalinense); Himalayan knotweed( Polygonum polystachyum); and Japanese knotweed( Polygonum cuspidatum).

a. All removed plant material shall be taken away from the site and appropriately disposed of, plants that appear on the Washington State Noxious Weed Control Board list of noxious weeds must be handled and

disposed of according to a noxious weed control plan appropriate to that species. b. If removal

of invasive

vegetation

occurs

in wetlands

or other water bodies,

use of chemical

herbicides

allowed only when using those approved by the United States Environmental Protection Agency for application

in aquatic

environments.

Applicators shall comply with all conditions of the noxious weed control permit. d. Revegetation with appropriate native species at natural densities is allowed and encouraged in

conjunction with removal of invasive plant species. 2. The removal of hazard or diseased trees from critical areas and buffers; provided, that: a. Planning clearance is obtained from Cowlitz County prior to tree removal, except in cases of imminent

threat, danger, or serious environmental degradation as described in subsection( G)( 2)( g) of this section; b. Where the hazard is not immediately apparent to the Director or their designee, the applicant shall submit a report from a certified arborist, registered landscape architect, or professional forester that

documents the hazard and provides a replanting schedule for the replacement trees; c. Tree cutting shall be limited to the minimum amount necessary to abate the hazard; d. All nonnoxious weed vegetation and cut wood( tree stems, branches, etc.) shall be left within the critical

area or buffer unless removal is warranted due to the potential for disease or pest transmittal to other

healthy vegetation; e. The landowner shall replace any trees that are removed with new trees at a ratio of two replacement trees for each tree removed( 2: 1) within one year. Replacement trees may be planted at a different, nearby location if it can be determined that planting in the same location would create a new hazard or potentially damage the critical area. Replacement trees shall be of a native species, appropriate to the surrounding habitat type, and of a minimum 15- gallon pot size or equivalent balled or burlapped stock and four feet in height;

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Cowlitz County Code Chapter 19. 15 CRITICAL AREAS

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f.If a tree to be removed provides critical habitat for a species with federal or state protected status, a qualified wildlife biologist shall be consulted to determine timing and methods of removal that will minimize impacts; and

g. Hazard trees determined to pose an imminent threat or danger to public health or safety, to public or private property, or of serious environmental degradation may be removed or pruned by the landowner prior to receiving planning clearance from Cowlitz County; provided, that within 60 days following such action, the landowner shall submit a restoration plan that demonstrates compliance with the provisions of this title.

similar native species within one year in accordance with an approved restoration plan. H. Minimal site investigative work required for a future development or associated with scientific or archaeological

research, such as surveys, soil explorations, percolation tests, and other related activities; provided, that impacts on

critical areas are minimized, and disturbed areas are restored to the preexisting level of function and value as soon as possible, and at most within one year after investigative

work is concluded.

1. Passive recreational uses, sport fishing or hunting, scientific or educational review, or similar minimum- impact, nondevelopment activities such as conservation or preservation of soil, water, vegetation, fish, shellfish, and other wildlife.

J. The harvesting of wild crops in a manner that is not injurious to natural reproduction of such crops, and provided the harvesting does not require tilling of soil, planting of crops, chemical applications, or alteration of the critical area by changing existing topography, water conditions, or water sources. K. Maintenance of intentionally created artificial wetlands or surface water systems, including irrigation and drainage ditches, grass- lined swales and canals, detention facilities, farm ponds, and landscape or ornamental

amenities. Wetlands, streams, lakes, or ponds created as mitigation for approved land use activities or that provide critical habitat shall be regulated according to the mitigation plan.

L. Activities occurring in nonregulated wetlands. Shoreline, state, and federal regulations may apply to wetlands not regulated under this chapter. No wetlands are exempt within shoreline jurisdiction. M. The

following wetlands

may be exempt from the Fequirement

to avoid impaets(

CCC=

and they available,

impacts should be mitigated through the ptmehase of or-edits fiom an in lieu fee program or mitigation bank, eonsistent with the terms and conditions of the program or bank. in order- to verify the following conditions, a

oritical area repoi4 for-wetlands meeting the requirements of GGG 19. 15. 120 must be submitted: 1

All:

el..

Cate,. ei- y 131. ,

Are not assoeiated

b. Are not associated

etia-

loss

with

with shorelines

than

4, 000

e feet th.

of the state or- their associated

e. Are not part of a wetland mosaie; d. Do not score five or more points for habitat function based on the 2014 update to the Washington St Wetland Rating System for Western Washington(

Ecology Publication No. 14 06 029, or as revised

approved by Ecology); and

Department ofFish and Wildlife, do not contain federally listed speeies or their critieal habitat,

The Cowlitz County Code is current through Ordinance 25- 067, passed October 21, 2025.

and do not

Cowlitz County Code Chapter 19. 15 CRITICAL AREAS

Page 20/ 78

2. Wetlands less than 1, 000 square feet that meet the above eriteria are also exempt from the buffer provisions ntainea

GGG

i o i c i 2nmv7)

N. Fish habitat enhancement projects, watershed restoration projects, and plans in compliance with WAC 173- 27040 shall be exempt from this chapter.

O. The following activities within geologically hazardous areas: 1. Landslide Hazard Areas. When not within an active landslide: a. Patios,

decks,

and wheelchair

ramps;

b. Detached" U" occupancy structures, as defined in the currently adopted building code, up to 1, 000 square feet, provided no other outbuildings are located within the landslide hazard area or buffer; c. Nonhabitable

structures not requiring a building permit and where grading does not exceed 10 cubic

yards;

d. Additions to existing residential structures where grading does not exceed 10 cubic yards; e. Repair or replacement of an on- site waste disposal system. 2. Seismic Hazard Areas. All development activities within these hazard areas do not require submission of a

critical area assessment provided they meet the performance standards and other development provisions of this chapter.

P. The following activities within critical aquifer recharge areas C(ARAs): 1. Construction of, additions to, and improvements to single- family residential structures that do not result in a change of use or increase the use of a hazardous substance.

2. Development and improvement of parks, recreation facilities, open space, or conservation areas resulting in less than 15 percent total site impervious surface area, and that do not increase the use of a hazardous substance.

3. On- site domestic septic systems in conjunction with a new single- family residential structure and/ or normal residential appurtenances, provided they comply with Chapter 246- 272 WAC. Q. Any projects currently under review and" vested" as that term is used in RCW 19.27. 095 and 58. 17. 033 by local, state, or federal agencies prior to official adoption of the ordinance codified in this chapter are exempt from this chapter and will be processed under previous critical areas protection measures.

R. Emergency actions that must be undertaken immediately for which there is insufficient time for full compliance with this chapter may be taken only when it is necessary to prevent threat to/ of: 1. Public health or safety; 2. Public or private property; or 3. Serious

environmental

degradation.

The person or agency undertaking

such action shall notify the Department within one working day following the

commencement of the emergency activity. Following such notification, the Department shall determine whether the action taken was within the scope of the emergency actions allowed in this subsection. If the Department determines that the action taken or part of the action taken is beyond the scope of allowed emergency actions, enforcement action is authorized, as outlined in CCC 19. 15. 210.

The Cowlitz County Code is current through Ordinance 25- 067, passed October 21, 2025.

Cowlitz County Code Chapter 19. 15 CRITICAL AREAS

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The person or agency undertaking such action, upon abatement of the emergency situation, will be required to apply for a critical areas permit that would have been required, absent an emergency, pursuant to this title. The person or agency has 60 days from the abatement of the emergency to apply for a critical areas permit. S. Maintenance

and repair- of existing public or- private dooks, launching ramps, floats, and other- in water- stmctffes

oF facilities to prevent a deeline, lapse, or-cessation from a lawfully established eondition, provided the work pefformed is only to maintain or- repair- the development to a state compar-able to its ofiginal condition, ineluding but not limited to its size, shape, configufation, loeation, and extemal appeaFance, within a reasonable period afteF deeay oF

partial destmetion,

Ord. 16- 174 §

except

wheFe

Fepair- ca-uses

substantial

adverse

eff-eets to

shoreline

Fesour- ee

or-

2( Exh. A), 12- 20- 16.]

19. 15. 080

Optional

incentives

for nondevelopment

of critical

areas.

A. Introduction. This section describes the alternatives available to property owners and incentives they may pursue in lieu of developing or altering their property under the terms and standards of this chapter. The incentives and

options listed allow property owners to utilize the options that best suit their needs. B. Open Space. Any person who owns property containing all or portions of an identified critical area as defined by this chapter may apply for current use assessment pursuant to Chapter 18. 52 CCC, Open Space Rating Ordinance, and Chapter

84. 34 RCW, Open Space, Agriculture,

and Timber

Lands—

Current Use Assessment—

Conservation

Futures. The Open Space Tax Act allows Cowlitz County to designate lands that should be taxed at their current use

value. The county has programs for agricultural lands, small forest lands less than 20 acres in size, and other open spaces. Cowlitz County has adopted a public benefit rating system that classifies properties on the basis of their relative importance of natural and cultural resources, the availability of public access, and the presence of a conservation easement. These features are given a point value, and the total point value determines the property tax reduction. The open space program has property tax reductions of 50, 70, or 90 percent. Lands with wetlands or an important habitat or species would commonly qualify for this voluntary program. The Board at a public meeting reviews and makes a decision on applications.

C. Conservation Easement. Any person who owns property containing all or portions of an identified critical area as defined by this chapter shall be entitled to place a conservation easement over that portion of the property designated a critical area by naming a qualified third party designee under RCW 64. 04. 130, Interests in land for purposes of conservation, protection, preservation, etc.— Ownership by certain entities— Conveyances, as beneficiary of the conservation easement. The purpose of the conservation easement shall be to protect, preserve, maintain, restore, limit the future use of, or conserve for open space purposes the land designated as critical area( s), in accordance with RCW 64. 04. 130.

D. Density Transfer for Planned Unit Developments( PUDs). The county shall allow transfer of density for residential uses from lands containing critical areas, as defined by this chapter, when developed pursuant to Chapter 18. 30 CCC, Planned Unit Development. Residential density may be transferred only from a critical area to an area on the same site that is not a critical area.

residential development proposals based on the formula below. Table 19. 15. 080- A Density Credits

Percentage

of Site

in Critical

Area

1—

Density Credit

10%

100%

11 — 20%

90%

The Cowlitz County Code is current through Ordinance 25- 067, passed October 21, 2025.

Cowlitz County Code Chapter 19. 15 CRITICAL AREAS

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Percentage

of Site

in Critical

Area

Density Credit

21 — 30%

80%

31 — 40%

70%

41 — 50%

60%

51 — 60%

50%

61 — 70%

40%

71 — 80%

30%

81 — 90%

20%

1. Two examples of how to calculate the density credit follow: Example

1. Size of development

50 acres. The minimum lot size or density in a particular area is two acres, which would permit a maximum of 25 lots to be created out of the 50- acre development site. a.

site—

There are 12 acres of critical areas on the 50- acre site, or 24 percent of the total site area. The density credit according to the table above is 80 percent. The allowable density on the site is 25 lots multiplied by

80 percent. The product is 20 lots, which is the permitted density on the development site. Note that without the density credit the developer would exclude the critical area from development;

the site would

be 38 acres of developable land and with a two- acre lot minimum, 19 lots would be allowed. b. Example

2. Size of development site— 50 acres. The minimum lot size or density in a particular area is two acres, which would permit a maximum of 25 lots to be created out of the 50- acre development site. There are 40 acres of critical areas on the 50- acre site, or 80 percent of the total site area. The density

credit according to the table above is 30 percent. The allowable density on the site is 25 lots multiplied by 30 percent. The product is 7. 5 lots, which is the permitted density on the development site. Note that

without the density credit the developer would exclude the critical area from development; the site would be 10 acres of developable land and with a two- acre lot minimum, five lots would be allowed.

2. The density credit can be applied only within the development proposal site. The applicant may reduce lot sizes below the minimum required for that zone( designation) to accommodate the transfer of density, but it cannot change the residential uses permitted in the zone. F. Land Exchange. State agencies or local government may convey, sell, lease, or trade existing public lands to a

landowner in order to obtain public ownership of a fee interest, leasehold interest, or conservation easement over all or part of a critical area. Such exchanges may occur only upon agreement between the record owner and state and local agencies authorized to exchange the subject land. 1. There shall be no time limitation on applications for land exchanges. All applications for land exchanges

must be filed in accordance with the requirements of this section. For the purposes of this section, any requirements to provide information, appraisals or notice relating to property shall apply to all properties

involved in the proposed exchange. 2. Contents of Claim. The applicant is responsible for submitting a complete and accurate application. Such application

shall include,

at minimum:

a. Completed master application and/ or any required supplement sheets signed by the record owner of the property;

b. A map, drawn to scale, showing the following information:

The Cowlitz County Code is current through Ordinance 25- 067, passed October 21, 2025.

Cowlitz County Code Chapter 19. 15 CRITICAL AREAS

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i. Name, address, and telephone number of the property owner( s); ii. Name, address, and telephone number of the preparer of the application; iii. Date of submittal;

iv. Property boundary lines; v. Legal description of the property; vi. Description of the nature, size, and location of the critical area located on the property, as determined by a qualified expert;

vii. All existing public or private roads, sewer and water lines, wells, county utilities, easements, watercourses, lakes, springs, drainage facilities, and on- site sewage disposal drainfield areas, on and

within 100 feet of the property boundaries; viii. The boundaries of all lands reserved in the deeds for the common uses of the property owners;

c. A written appraisal from a licensed appraiser of the fair market value of the properties when subject to the critical area regulations in this chapter and a written appraisal by the same appraiser of the fair market value of the property if not subject to the critical area regulations in this chapter; d. All other information identified by the Director during the preapplication

conference.

3. Director' s Action. The Director shall determine whether the application is complete within 30 days. If

additional information is necessary, the application shall be returned to the property owner, together with a list identifying the deficiencies. When the application is complete, the Director shall consult with the County Assessor for a comparison of the fair market value of the property when subject to the critical area regulations

in this chapter with the fair market value of the property if not subject to the critical area regulations in this chapter.

4. Board Action. The Board shall hold a public hearing to review all property owner requests, pursuant to this section. Notice of public hearing shall be made at least 30 days prior to the scheduled hearing date. Notice shall consist of the publication of a legal notice in the county' s newspaper of record stating the description of the

vicinity of the subject property 30 days prior to the hearing. 5. Following the public hearing, the Board shall issue its written decision, with findings, within 30 days. G. Process

for Nondevelopment

Incentives.

1. Time for Claim. Record owners of real property seeking relief under this section shall file with the Board a claim application for nondevelopment incentives. The application may be filed at any time prior to development of the property based on the density adjustment; provided, that all applications be filed in accordance with the requirements of this section.

2. Contents of Claim. The applicant is responsible for submitting a complete and accurate application.

Such

application shall include, at a minimum:

a. Completed master application and/or any required supplement sheets signed by the record owner of the property;

b. A map drawn to scale, showing the following information:

i. Name, address, and telephone number of the property owner( s);

The Cowlitz County Code is current through Ordinance 25- 067, passed October 21, 2025.

Cowlitz County Code Chapter 19. 15 CRITICAL AREAS

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ii. Name, address, and telephone number of the preparer of the application; iii. Date of submittal;

iv. Property boundary lines; v. A legal description of the property; vi. A description of the nature, size, and location of the critical area located on the property, as determined by a qualified professional; vii. All existing and/ or public and private roads, sewer and water lines, wells, county utilities, easements, water courses, lakes, springs, drainage facilities, and on- site sewage disposal drainfield

areas, on and within 100 feet of the property boundaries; viii. The boundaries of all lands reserved in the deeds for the common uses of the property owners; ix. All other information identified by the Director during the preapplication

conference.

3. Director' s Action. When the application is complete, the Director shall determine whether all or part of the property is in fact subject to any critical area regulations in this chapter. The Director shall forward his/her findings to the Board. 4. Board Decision. Within 30 days of receipt of the Director' s findings, the Board shall make the final

determination on whether all or part of the property is subject to this chapter. For density incentive applications, the Board shall approve requested density transfers subject to its final approval of a planned unit development. Ord.

16- 174§

19. 15. 090

2( Exh. A), 12- 20- 16.]

Planning clearance and permitting.

All persons proposing development activities in or adjacent to critical areas or associated buffers shall first obtain planning clearance and, if required, a critical area permit pursuant to this chapter, except as exempted in CCC 19. 15. 070.

A. Planning Clearance. Prior to the county' s consideration of any proposed development not found to be exempt from the critical areas review process under CCC 19. 15. 070, the applicant shall first obtain planning clearance pursuant to this section.

B. Coordination with Other Permits. To avoid duplication, the county shall coordinate the information required by this section with the assessments and requirements

for other associated permits.

C. Planning Clearance. 1. Submittal. Prior to the county' s consideration

of any proposed development activity not found to be exempt

under CCC 19. 15. 070, Exemptions, the applicant shall apply to the Department for Planning Clearance asdeseribed i Department Administrative tive Policy No. , 20 56. on forms provided by the Department. For platted lots, the applicant may request to establish a boundary within the subject property for which a critical areas permit shall not be required. Any regulated activities not avoiding critical areas on the property will require a Critical

Areas Permit

D. Reevaluation

of a Planning Clearance. A property owner may request a reevaluation by the Department once in

any 12- month period when a change in physical conditions or government institutional actions warrants such reevaluation.

E. Dispute of a Planning Clearance. A property owner may appeal the determination made by the Director to the Hearing Examiner per the requirements in CCC 19. 15. 200, Appeals.

The Cowlitz County Code is current through Ordinance 25- 067, passed October 21, 2025.

Cowlitz County Code Chapter 19. 15 CRITICAL AREAS

Page 25/ 78

F. Critical Areas Permit. A critical areas permit is required if it is determined that the proposed alteration, use, or development is located within a critical area or associated buffer and is not found to be exempt under CCC 19. 15. 070.

1. Submittal. The applicant shall apply to the Department for a critical areas permit on forms provided by the county.

2. Critical Area Assessments. The applicant shall be required to submit assessments as appropriate for the

applicable critical area( s) found in the critical area determination.

The assessment shall be prepared in

accordance with the minimum requirements listed below and with the additional assessment requirements listed for each applicable critical area type found in this chapter.

that such technical assessments are not necessary for the reason that adequate factual information already exists at the disposal of the Director to facilitate such evaluation. The county shall provide or advise the applicant of

any existing technical information that may be pertinent to their property. Technical assessments shall be attached to or incorporated into any environmental

checklist required for the proposal.

The assessment( s) shall include:

a. A site plan drawn to scale. The site plan should accurately show the following information: i. North arrow;

ii. Property line dimensions;

iii. Maps depicting delineated and mapped critical areas and required buffers on site. A qualified professional will utilize standard practices to assess all critical areas and buffers that extend onto the subject property.

iv. Locations and dimensions of all existing and proposed development or alterations, including

grading and clearing limits, structures, public and private roads, sewer and water lines, wells, utilities, easements, water sources, lakes and springs, drainage and stormwater facilities, on- site sewage

disposal, and drainfield areas, within the property boundary; b. The names of the persons preparing the assessment and conducting any fieldwork and the date of any fieldwork performed on the site; c. A statement specifying the accuracy of the report, and all assumptions made and relied upon;

d. An assessment of the probable impacts to critical areas resulting from development of the site and the proposed development; e. An analysis of site development alternatives, including a no- development alternative; f.A mitigation plan, as needed, to offset any impacts, in accordance with mitigation plan requirements CCC 19. 15. 170 Fes); g. A discussion of the development

standards applicable to the critical area and proposed activity; and

h. Any additional information required for the critical area as specified in the corresponding section for the specific type of critical area. i. In the event that an applicant chooses to submit a second critical areas assessment, the second

assessment must address the conclusions and recommendations

made by the first assessment. The Director

may choose to incorporate conclusions and recommendations from one or both of the assessments.

The Cowlitz County Code is current through Ordinance 25- 067, passed October 21, 2025.

Cowlitz County Code Chapter 19. 15 CRITICAL AREAS

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G. Fees. Fees, in the amount established by the Board of County Commissioners, shall be paid to the Department when an application for a planning clearance and permit is filed. H. Professional Qualifications and County Review. All critical area assessments and studies required of the applicant by this chapter shall be prepared by the applicant or a qualified professional as required in the

corresponding critical area sections. The Director' s decision to require additional studies or third-party review will be based on the complexity of the project and/ or a site inspection. I. Comments. The Department shall have the option of soliciting comments and technical assistance on the critical

areas permit application from resource agencies; these agencies shall have 30 days to respond. J. Permit Action. The Director may approve, approve with modifications and/ or conditions, or deny a critical areas permit. Any notification of approval shall include the conditions, modifications, and restrictions regarding the location, character, and other features of the proposed development the Director finds necessary to make the

proposal compatible with the purposes and standards of this chapter. Prior to notification of approval, approval with conditions/

modifications,

or denial,

the decision

maker( s) shall make

findings

that:

1. Confirm the nature and type of the critical area;

2. Determine whether a proposed alteration to a critical area meets the standards contained in this chapter;

3. Determine whether the proposal protects the critical area functions and values consistent with the best available science and results in no net loss of critical area functions and values; and

4. Determine whether the assurances for the mitigation proposed by the applicant are sufficient to protect the critical

area consistent

with this chapter.

K. Permit Duration. Permitted development must be complete within five years. Permits may be extended for one year at the discretion

19. 15. 100

of the Director.

Relationship

Areas characterized

Permits

run

with the land. [ Ord.

16- 174 §

2( Exh. A), 12- 20- 16.]

to other regulations.

by a particular critical area may also be subject to other regulations. In the event of any conflict

between

these regulations

Shoreline

Management,

and any a-ad

other

Chapter

regulations

of the county,

19. 11 GGG, Envir-onmental

sic-h- a^., bot

not

meted to,

Peliey, and the Federal

20 CCC—,

Clean Wa4er-

the

regulations that provide the greater protection for critical areas shall apply with the exception of incentive options. For properties within jurisdiction of the Shoreline Management Act, the regulations in the Cowlitz County Shoreline Master Program_supersede any conflicting regulation in this chapter. No permit granted pursuant to this chapter shall remove the applicant' s obligation to comply in all respects with the applicable provision of any other federal, state, or

local law

19. 15. 110

or regulation. [

Ord.

16- 174 §

2( Exh. A), 12- 20- 16.]

Critical area inventory maps.

The approximate location and extent of critical areas and lands within the county planning area are identified using the maps adopted as part of this chapter. These maps are based on the best available information and are intended for

use as a general guide for the assistance of property owners and as information for the public. Boundaries are generalized;

field investigation and analysis by a qualified professional may be required to confirm the existence,

location, and proper classification of a critical area. The county will update information and resource material as it becomes available. These maps are to be used as a guide for the county, project applicants, and/ or property owners, and may be updated as new critical areas are identified. They are a reference and do not provide a final critical area designation. Field investigation of site- specific conditions and definitions in this chapter will be used to corroborate mapped

information.

The Cowlitz County Code is current through Ordinance 25- 067, passed October 21, 2025.

Cowlitz County Code Chapter 19. 15 CRITICAL AREAS

Page 27/ 78

Table 19. 15. 110. Summary

Topic

of Map Sources

Map/ Data Source

Mount St. Helens Flowage- Hazard Zones Map, 1995 USGS, electronic adaptation by Cowlitz County Wegmann, Karl W., 2006, Digital landslide inventory for the Cowlitz County urban corridor, Washington; version 1. 0: Washington Division of Geology and Earth Resources Report of Investigations 35, 24 p. text, 14 maps, scale 1: 24, 000. Available

online.

Czajkowski, Resources,

J. L.; Bowman, J. D., 2014, Faults and Earthquakes 1 plate,

scale

1: 24, 000h"

gfile an_ v, a. eov,

in Washington A-

tiblieations

gee

State. Washington

4101 n

F.. 1.

Department

rt ...,

ve .

USDA NRCS: Cowlitz County General Soils Map( 2006)

WDNR: Liquefaction Susceptibility Map of Cowlitz County( 2004) Available l, t,„./

V..

online. W. e 0. 0, ...

ct,...,...../

il......

PA IN;* '

e,. te«/ v:e..

314

Cowlitz County: Digital Maps of area with 30% or greater slope WEB MAP-

WDNR:

Washington

Geologic

Information

Portal

WEB MAP- WDNR: Geologic Map ug^oN,/ mn^ protcctioi gi geonigJr: Tri

rirp

Resource

Geologically

•

e- wignx

Layers

Surface Geology

Hazardous Areas

Seismic Features Ground

Response

Landslides&

Landforms

Volcanic Vents

WEB MAP- WDNR: Seismic Hazards Catalog( Cascadia)

Resource Layers

Facility Damage Liquefaction WEB./ MAP-

httpsr xxscP

Susceptibility WDNR:

war ../ rtfess. go'

Natural

Hazards

char, .

teetie

c[ rixrjrry

avixgr

is, lg,.,. 1ogy/ g cvc

7TL zxxcnz

efne= nat.. mi—h....

fds

Resource Layers

Surface Geology Seismic Features

Ground Response

Landslides&

Landforms

Lahar Hazards

The Cowlitz County Code is current through Ordinance 25- 067, passed October 21, 2025.

of Natural

pdf

Cowlitz County Code Chapter 19. 15 CRITICAL AREAS

Page 28/ 78

Topic

Map/ Data Source WEB MAP— WDNR: s,,

t,/F

Subsurface e

r.,:-•..

Geology rgi:, g?'

s af

errn'

Resource Layers

Subsurface Geology WEB MAP— WDNR:

Earth Resource

Permit Locations

https:// foftress. wa.gov/ dnE/protectiongis/ geology/? Theme—erpi Resource Layers

Earth Resource

Permit

Sites

WEB MAP— USDA NRCS: Web Soil Survey http:// weh rvrcv

mrt.

.-,

l su.

reb SoilSu

O: Flood Hazard

AreasAG

da gvv' /.

e.. rc

pp,

zsPPr-'

a aspx

Resource Tabs

Soil Map Soil Data Explorer

WEB MAP— ECY

Frequently Flooded Areas

e......

ree.

ayers

Flood Hazard

Areas

NRCS: Cowlitz Area Soil Survey( 20W

This I'..: ll- be-,

the..

IIIL'

MAD

owe

VILE!:

map

Washington State Well Tog VTe.. e.-

hftps:gfA rt̀ress.` airgo3,/ coyw'ateFFesourees/ Critical Aquifer Recharge

Resomee

ap,Ls r.. I CLSWeb nxPr

Layers

Wells WEB

MAP— Washington

State Department

of Health:

Source

Water

Assessment

Program(

SWAP)

Mau

Areas C(ARAs)

WEB MAP— USDA NRCS: Web Soil Survey

Resource Tabs

Soil Map Soil Data Explorer

Cowlitz County GIS: Updated CARA Designation, 2016. WDNR: The Washington Natural Heritage Mapping DataProgram Data Explorer T. T.. T in— k Ayail,.l. le Fish and

WDNR: State Natural Area Preserves&

Natural

Resource

Conservation

Area Maps

Wildlife

The Cowlitz County Code is current through Ordinance 25- 067, passed October 21, 2025.

Cowlitz County Code Chapter 19. 15 CRITICAL AREAS

Page 29/ 78

Topic

Map/ Data Source xu.

da.

gov,/ eenson,

For use in conjunction

atioxn-

pxcov

xxvopo—

nxvca.

cccccc

with P1 S Web Map( next line)

WEB MAP— WDFW:

Priority Habitat and Species Map( PHS Web Map)

Resource Layers

PHS Data

WEB MAP— WSDOT:

Fish Passage Barriers

Resource Layers

Lakes and Streams

WEB MAP— USGS: l.

ttp:/ A,i

This«

nh] html?p—..th lmap,. ,, 4iewer,«

.....

esoiwee

The National Map Viewer

is fairly

teehnieal

and- sl.

e..

Id he..,. ed as

seee..,

afy rese..«,.

Resource Layers

National Hydrography

Dataset

WEB MAP— WDFW:

SalmonScape

Map

Resource Layers

Fish Distribution( by species)

B- M G_ VP—

IsPV'

e r. L'....:....

mne..

t.. 11.,

Sign: F.

eant

Units( Lower Ga l..... bia)

ResouTee Pages

hower Columbia

River Chineo

Lower

Columbia

River Chu

Lower

Gel..«..

1. ia River Steelhea l

WEB MAP— USFWS: National Wetlands Inventory. Wetland Mapper

Wetlands Resource

Layers

Wetlands

Ord. 16- 174§ 2( Exh. A), 12- 20- 16.]

19. 15. 120

Wetlands.

A. Designation, Rating, and Mapping Wetlands.

The Cowlitz County Code is current through Ordinance 25- 067, passed October 21, 2025.

Cowlitz County Code Chapter 19. 15 CRITICAL AREAS

Page 30/ 78

1. Designating Wetlands. Identification of wetlands and delineation of their boundaries pursuant to this chapter shall be done in accordance with the approved federal wetland delineation manual and applicable regional

supplements. All areas within the county meeting the wetland designation criteria in that procedure are hereby

delineations

will be documented

ground verified map usingeither ther professional surveying methods or an equivalent professional method using GPS with sub- meter accuracy. on

2. Wetland Ratings. Wetlands shall be rated according to the Washington State Department of Ecology wetland rating system found in the Washington State Wetland Rating System for Western Washington: 2014 Update Version 2. 0, Ecology Publication No. 23- 06- 0091^ 29, or as revised by Ecology. This document contains

the definitions and methods for determining whether the criteria below are met. Wetland ratings are valid for five years; after such date the County shall determine whether a revision or additional rating is necessary a. Wetland Rating Categories. i. Category 1. These wetlands represent unique or rare wetland types; are more sensitive to disturbance than most wetlands; are relatively undisturbed and contain ecological attributes that are impossible to replace within a human lifetime; and/ or provide a high level of functions. Category I wetlands are: A) Wetlands with high conservation value that are identified by scientists of the Washington Natural

Heritage

Program/ DNR;

B) Bogs;

C) Mature and old growth forested wetlands larger than one acre; or D) Wetlands that perform many functions well( scoring 23 points or more).

ii. Category II. Those wetlands with a moderately high level of functions( scoring between 20 and 22 points).

iii. Category III. Those wetlands with a moderate level of functions( scoring between 16 and 19 points).

iv. Category IV. Those wetlands with the lowest levels of functions( scoring fewer than 16 points). b. Date of Wetland Rating. Wetland rating categories shall be applied as the wetland exists on the date of the rating according to the Washington State Wetland Rating System for Western Washington: 2014 Update Version 2. 0, Ecology Publication No. 23- 06- 0091^

0zr066 029, or as revised by Ecology. Wetland

rating categories shall not change due to illegal modifications made by the applicant or with the applicant' s knowledge.

3. Mapping. See CCC 19. 15. 110. 4. Exemptions. Activities that are exempt from the requirements of this section can be found in CCC 19. 15. 070, Exemptions.

B. Critical Area Assessment— Additional Requirements for Wetlands. In addition to the general critical area assessment requirements of CCC 19. 15. 090( F)( 2), critical area assessments for wetlands must meet the requirements of this section. Critical area assessments for two or more types of critical areas must meet the assessment

1. Preparation by a Qualified Professional. A critical area assessment for wetlands shall be prepared by a qualified professional meeting the requirements in CCC 19. 15. 050, Definitions.

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Cowlitz County Code Chapter 19. 15 CRITICAL AREAS

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2. Wetland Analysis. A critical area assessment for wetlands shall contain an analysis of the wetlands,

including the following site- and proposal- related information at a minimum: a. A written assessment and accompanying maps of the wetlands and buffers within 300 feet of the project area, including the following information at a minimum: i. Documentation rating

of any fieldwork performed on the site, including field data sheets for delineations,

ystem forms, baseline hydrologic

data, etc.;

ii. A description of methodologies used to conduct wetland delineations, wetland ratings, and impact

analyses, including references. iii. Map showing delineated wetlands and required buffers;

ivii. Existing wetland acreage; v_ iii. Wetland category and standard buffers; ivi. Vegetative and hydrologic characteristics; vii. Soil and substrate conditions;

viii. Topographic elevations, at two- foot contours, for subdivision proposals; and ixvii. A discussion of the water sources supplying the wetland and documentation of hydrologic regime( locations of inlet and outlet features, water depths throughout the wetland, evidence of recharge or discharge,

evidence of water depths

throughout

the year—

e.g., drift lines, algal layers,

moss lines, and sediment deposits); and..

x. An evaluation of the functions of the wetland and its buffer, including references for the method used and data sheets. b. All shoreline areas, water features, floodplains, and other critical areas and related buffers within 300

feet of the project area.

c. A discussion of measures, including avoidance and minimization proposed to preserve existing wetlands or compensate for wetland impacts.

d. If required, a mitigation plan per CCC 19. 15. 170. e. Discussion on how the development activities and/ or mitigation proposal meets development standards and mitigation performance standards for the wetland category. f. A long- term habitat and native vegetation conservation habitat

and wetland

strategy that addresses methods to protect on- site

functions.

3. Additional Information. When appropriate, the Director may also require the critical area assessment to include an evaluation by the State Department of Ecology or an independent qualified expert regarding the applicant' s analysis and the effectiveness of any proposed mitigating measures or programs, and to include any recommendations

C. Development

appropriate.

Standards—

General

Requirements.

1. Activities and uses shall be prohibited in wetlands and wetland buffers, except as provided for in this chapter.

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Cowlitz County Code Chapter 19. 15 CRITICAL AREAS

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a. Aetivities and ttses shall be prohibited in Category 1 wetlands exeept as provided for in the varianee or

reasonable use allowanee( CCC 19. 15. 190), oF if the alteration would impr-ove habitat for priority speeie-syiag the wetland. This improvement

oee"

of both funetions and values shall be demonstrated

within the-

er-itieal area assessment and mitigation plan.

wetlands buff-eFs in aeeoFdanee with an appFoved eFitieal area assessment and mitigation plan, and on4y4fthe proposed aetivity is the only feasible altemative that will aeeofnplish the applieant' s objeetives.

3. Categofy 11 and W Wetlands. Aefivities and uses that r-esult in unavoidable and necessary impacts ma, be permitted in Categefy 11 and H! wetlands and their- assoeiated buffer-s in aceordance with an approved er-itieal area assessment and mitigation plan, and only if the proposed aefivity is the only feasible altemative that will aeeomplish the applicant' s objectives.

4. Gategofy 1V Wetlands. Aetivities and uses that Fesult in unavoidable and neeessar-y impaets fnay be pefmitted in Categofy 1V wetlands and their- assoeiated buffers in aeeor-danee with an appr-oved er-itieal area

assessment and tnitiga4ien plan, and only if the proposed aetivity is the only feasible altemative that wifi-

2. The

following wetlands

may be exempt

from the requirement

avoid impacts(

CCC 19. 15. 170( C)( 1)),

and

they may be filled if the impacts are fully mitigated based on the remaining actions in CCC 19. 15. 170( C). If available, impacts should be mitigated through the purchase of credits from an in- lieu fee program m or mitigation bank, consistent with the terms and conditions of the program or bank. In order to verify the

following conditions, a critical area report for wetlands meetingthe he requirements of CCC 19. 15. 120 must be submitted:

a. All isolated Category IV wetlands less than 4, 000 square feet that: i. Are not associated with riparian areas or their buffers; ii. Are not associated with shorelines of the state or their associated buffers;

iii. Are not part of a wetland mosaic; iv. Do not score six or more points for habitat function based on the 2014 update to the Washington State Wetland Rating System for Western Washington(

Ecology Publication No. 14- 06- 029, or as

revised and approved by Ecology); and v. Do not contain a priority habitat or a priority areal for a priorityspecies identified by the Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife, do not contain federally listed species or their critical habitat, and do not contain species of local importance identified in CCC 19. 15. 130. b. Wetlands less than 1, 000 square feet that meet the above criteria are also exempt from the buffer

provisions contained in CCC 19. 15. 120( C)( 5). 3-.

Full mitigation for the acreage and loss of functions will be provided under the terms established under

subsection D of this section and CCC 19. 15. 170.

46. Stormwater Management. A wetland or its buffer may be physically or hydrologically altered to meet the requirements of an LID, runoff treatment, or flow control BMP as defined in the 2012 Stormwater Management

Manual for Western Washington( as amended in December 2014, Ecology Publication No. 14- 10- 055)_;_ However, a site- specific characterization is required to determine whether an LID BMP is feasible at the project site. Stormwater LID BMPs required as part of new and redevelopment

projects may be authorized within

wetlands and their buffers provided, that all of the following criteria are met: a. The wetland is classified as a Category IV or Category III wetland with a habitat score of three to fivefour points;

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Cowlitz County Code Chapter 19. 15 CRITICAL AREAS

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b. Wetland functions and values lost, including buffer functions and values, will be mitigated such that no net loss of wetland functions and values is achieved;

questions 2, 3, 4 of Chart 5 in the" Guide for Selecting Mitigation Sites Using a Watershed Approach," Ecology Publication No. 09- 06- 032); or the wetland is part of a priority restoration plan that achieves

restoration goals identified in a Shoreline Master Program or other local or regional watershed plan; e. The wetland lies in the natural routing of the runoff, and the discharge follows the natural routing; and f.All regulations regarding stormwater and wetland management are followed, including but not limited to local and state wetland and stormwater codes, manuals, and permits.

a. Modifications that alter the structure of a wetland or its soils will require permits. 5. Functionally Disconnected

Buffer Area. Buffers may exclude areas that are functionally

and effectively

disconnected from the wetland by an existing public or private road or legally established development, as determined by the Director. Functionally

and effectively disconnected means that the road or other significant

development blocks the protective measures provided by a buffer. Significant developments shall include built public infrastructure such as roads and railroads, and private developments such as homes or commercial structures. The Director shall evaluate whether the interruption

will affect the entirety of the buffer. Individual structures may not fully interrupt buffer function. In such cases,

the allowable buffer exclusion should be limited in scope to just the portion of the buffer that is affected. Where questions exist regarding whether a development

functionally disconnects the buffer, or the extent of that

impact, the Director may require a critical area assessment to analyze and document the buffer functionality. 67. Wetland

Buffers.

Standard

Buffer Widths.

densely

vegetated

average

of 80%

The standard

buffer

with native vegetation eem

widths

presume

Riityappropriate

the existenee

Felat

vely:.. tact buffer

for the ecoregion, consisting of an

native cover comprised of trees, shrubs and groundcover plants i the buff- r,^^^

adequate to protect the wetland functions and values at the time of the proposed activity. If the existing

buffer on the subject property is unvegetated, sparsely vegetated, or vegetated with invasive species, the buffer area within the subject property must either be planted to create the appropriate native plant

community or be widened by 33 percent to ensure that the buffer provides adequate functions to protect the wetland. Any required planting or buffer wideningshall hall apply only to the portion of the buffer located on the subject property.

Standard buffer widths are established by comparing the wetland rating category and the intensity of land

uses proposed on development sites per Tables 19. 15. 120- A and; 19. 15. 120- B and 19.' 5. 120 —. Where applicable, buff-ers based on the standard widths are not required to extend beyond existing natural or-hufnaff Made bafFiers, Stleh as r-061E outereppings, dikes, levees, or-roads, whieh isolate the afea ffam otian

Table 19. 15. 120- A Width of buffers, in feet, needed to protect wetlands land uses(

Category of Wetland

Land

use

used with

with low

Table

19. 15. 120- B)

Land

use

impact*

moderate

150

225

from impacts of proposed

with

Land use with high

impact*

300

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Cowlitz County Code Chapter 19. 15 CRITICAL AREAS

Page 34/ 78

150

225

300

111

110

150

See Table 19. 15. 120- B below for types of land uses that can result in low, moderate, and high levels of impacts

to wetlands.

Table

Level of impact

from

Types

19. 15. 120- B Land Use Level of Impact

of land use

proposed land use High

Commercial Urban Industrial Institutional

Mixed- use developments Residential( more than 1 unit/ acre)

Roads: federal and state highways, including on- ramps and exits, state routes, and other roads associated with high- impact land uses Railroads

Agriculture with high- intensity activities( dairies, nurseries, greenhouses,

growing and harvesting crops requiring annual tilling, raising aising and maintaining animals,

etc.)

Open/ recreational space with high- intensity uses Golf courses, ball fields, etc.

Solar farms Moderate

utili

scale

Residential( 1 unit/acre or less) Roads: Forest Service roads and roads associated with moderate- impact land uses

Open/ recreational

or playgrounds, Agriculture

space

with

moderate-

intensi ,

uses( parks with paved trails

biking, jogging, etc.)

with

rotational grazing

moderate-

intensi .

uses( orchards, hay fields, light or

etc.)

Utility corridor or right- of-way used by one or more utilities and including access/ maintenance road Wind farm Low

Natural resource lands( forestry/ silviculture- cutting of trees only, not land clearing and removing stumps) Open/ recreational space with low- intensity uses( unpaved trails, hiking, birdwatching, etc.) Utility corridor without a maintenance mana

road and little or no vegetation

ment e

Cell tower

For purposes of this table, accessory dwelling units( ADUs) are not counted toward residential density_ Table 19. 15. 120 A. Land Use Lei, ei of impaet

Land Use

Proposed

intensi

Land Use Types

ineiuding han, esting, thinning, brash and wood eontrol, and

TL... and disease

The Cowlitz County Code is current through Ordinance 25- 067, passed October 21, 2025.

fOF fire, inseets,

Cowlitz County Code Chapter 19. 15 CRITICAL AREAS

Page 35/ 78

Land Use

Proposed Land Use Types

intensi

Low intensity open space( hiking, bird watching, preservation of natural resourres, eto Unpaved

trails

Utility corridor without a maintenance road and little or no vegetation management Residential(

one. unit/ nere or less)

Me. le«ate ifl-;Aensitya/« e« L.. A, ith Mika.

De.. e. l trails

ggingfoads Excavation

of driveways

Utility corridor or right of way shared by several utilities and including acress/ maintenance road

High

golf..

e..

e..«..

bell fields ,.

Minor t

The ah-Ave list of land use types afe examples

and 4; R-t a-4; P* hfflistive

list;

of the D irector.

Standard wedand buffer-s, based on we-tiand categofy and land use intensity, afe as folio Table 1 O 1 G 120 B. Buffers

Wedand

Rad"

Required

to Protect Water Quality Funetions

ity USe

Category

50 ft 7

Category 11

High intensity 00 ft.

y- Y T

p 4•

Use

f-.

t VV

Category

40-€-.

60-€-.

ca4egef-

23-#

404,

594.

Buff,er widths in Table 19. 15. i 20 B apply to all Category A' wetlands regardless of habitat score and all other wetlands Amith habitat seores of three to four points o Table lO 1C 1' 1 tt C. BuffeFs De..

Unhitat Scor- in the P,

Rating For-En

Low intensity

the rating F.

hied to D.. eteet 140hitet Fumetions-

Use

Modpwatp. Intt-usity- Use

High intensity

Use

CategoryBog Not

Category

17 ft 1OVA 2G0A a a blee

1 e.. 71 Wetlands

3 PeiHts

tl(

6 pein4

9VYr

tlYp(

7V-(

YCpp

130 ft.

Y1 Gp t p.

i8o a.

The Cowlitz County Code is current through Ordinance 25- 067, passed October 21, 2025.

Cowlitz County Code Chapter 19. 15 CRITICAL AREAS

mabitat spare in the Rating

Page 36/ 78

F0FR1

Lem"

7 pein4

4104

9 9 poin4

4504

Category

High intensity

Use

Ott

H! Wetlands

5- peint$

60 ft.

754.

points or- greatei

1! t-

Y i YtgY

io ft.

Buffer-widths in Table 19. 15. 120 G apply te Categofy 1, 11, and H! wetlands with habitat scor-es of five habitat itat ftmetio

the

buff,-

widths

Table

i o

ply,

b. Alternative Wetland Buffer Widths. In lieu of the standard wetland buffer widths established in Table

19. 15. 120- A, an applicant may elect to determine buffer widths using Option 1 of the Washington Department of Ecology' s Wetlands in Washington State, Volume 2: Guidance for Protecting and Managing Wetlands( Publication No. 22- 06- 014), as amended. A critical area report prepared by

qualified professional shall document the resulting buffer width in accordance with Option 1 and the applicable Ecology buffer tables for Western Washington including Appendix 8- C section 8C. 2. 3 Alternative

3).

cb. Measurement of Wetland Buffers. All buffers shall be measured perpendicular to and horizontally from the wetland boundary as surveyed in the field. The standard width of the wetland buffer shall be determined according to the wetland category and the intensity of the proposed land use. de. Increased Wetland Buffer Widths. The Director shall require increased buffer widths in accordance

with the recommendations

of an experienced,

qualified wetland professional,

and the best available

science on a case- by-case basis when a larger buffer is necessary to protect wetland functions and values based on site- specific characteristics and the characteristics of the proposed use. This determination shall be supported by appropriate documentation showing that it is reasonably related to protection of the functions and values of the wetland. The documentation

shall include but not be limited to the following

criteria:

i. The wetland is used by a state or federally listed plant or animal species. These species would be those listed under WAC 220- 610- 010, 50 CFR 17- 11, 50 CFR 17- 12, or other state or federal regulations.

ii. The wetland has critical habitat; or a priority area for a priority species as defined by WDFW; or

Wetland of High Conservation Value as defined by the Washington Department of Natural Resources' Natural

Heritage

Program.

iii. The adjacent land is susceptible to severe erosion, and erosion- control measures will not effectively

prevent adverse wetland impacts. iv. The adjacent

land has minimal

vegetative

cover.

v. The land has slopes greater than 30 percent. ed. Wetland Buffer Width Flexibility. The standard or alternative buffer widths in subsection( C)( 6-7)( a)_ orb of this section may be modified using the following options at the discretion of the Director. Wetland buffer width averaging and buffer width reduction provisions cannot be combined. The two separate provisions may be used to adjust buffers on the same wetland in different areas, but cannot be used in the same location on a wetland. Buffer width reduction options, in order of preference, are provided as follows:

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Cowlitz County Code Chapter 19. 15 CRITICAL AREAS

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i. Wetland Buffer Width Averaging. The Director may allow modification of the standard wetland buffer width in accordance with an approved critical area assessment and the best available science on

a case- by- case basis by averaging buffer widths. Averaging of buffer widths may be allowed only

where a qualified wetland professional can demonstrate that: A) The wetland

has significant

such as a wetland

differences

with a forested

in characteristics

component

adjacent

that affect its habitat

to a degraded

emergent

functions,

component,

or a

dual- rated" wetland with a Category I area adjacent to a lower rated area.

BZIt will not reduce wetland functions or functional performance; CB) The wetland contains variations in sensitivity due to existing physical characteristics; or the character of the buffer varies in slope, soils, or vegetation; and the wetland would benefit

from a wider buffer in places and would not be adversely impacted by a narrower buffer in other places;

DE) The total area contained in the buffer area after averaging is no less than that which would be contained within the standard buffer; and

ED) The buffer width is not reduced to less than 75-59 percent of the standard width, or to 25

feet, whichever is greater. ii. Wetland Buffer Width Reduction. The Director may allow reduction of the standard wetland buffer width in accordance with an approved critical area assessment and the best available science on a case-

by- case basis. Reduction of buffer widths may be allowed only where a qualified wetland professional can demonstrate that it will not reduce wetland functions or functional performance and: A) For- Category H! and Category Al wetlands with a habitat score of fiaiir- or- less, the buffermay be

redueed

up to 50 per-een4 of the standard

width if the followl —

e employed:

1) Enhancement of Reduced Buffer Area and Aletland. The buffer functions in the redue

pla* tiag of native vegetation designed to pr-avide improved liabitm and to ser-een the wetland

ffom adjacent

2) A construetion in

rrr

BA) For all Ga4e.

or-y

described

distur4anees.

and monitoring plan and financial assufance must be provided as i i 7niu' vw„) iFvw;) an irv2) respectively.

i o

and Ga4e.

or-y

and those G

wetlands,

to,.

rrr wetlands with a habitat

score of five or lessgFea4eF, implementation of all of the following measures, where applicable, will allow a reduction in buffer width ffem one level of! a-n use intensity( from high intensity to moderate

widths

intensity widths,

i the to low i tefis t<,widths)

mode

in the ease of a low inteasity 4nd use, btiff-ers may be r-edoeed by op to 25 per-eent of the law

intensity buf-,-

width:

1) Required Measures to Minimize Impacts to Wetlands. The table below lists measures to minimize impacts to wetlands from adjacent land uses. Measures are required if applicable

to a specific proposal. Table 19. 15. 120- BC. Measures

Examples

Disturbance Lights

to Minimize

Activities and Uses That Cause Disturbances

Parking

lots

Impacts

to Wetlands

from Adjacent

Examples

of Measures

Land Uses

to Minimize Impacts

Direct lights away from wetland

Warehouses

Manufacturing Residential

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Cowlitz County Code Chapter 19. 15 CRITICAL AREAS

Examples

Disturbance Noise

Page 38/ 78

Activities and Uses That Cause Disturbances

Examples of Measures to Minimize Impacts

Locate activity that generates noise away from wetland

Manufacturing Residential

Toxic runoff*

Parking

lots

Route all new, untreated runoff away from wetland while ensuring

Roads

wetland

is not dewatered

Establish covenants limiting use of pesticides within 150 ft. of

Manufacturing Residential

areas

Application

of agricultural

wetland pesticides

Apply integrated pest management

Landscaping Stormwater

Parking

runoff

Roads

lots

Retrofit adjacent

detention

and treatment

for roads and existing

Prevent channelized flow from lawns that directly enters the buffer Use low intensity development techniques

Manufacturing Residential

stormwater

development

areas

Commercial

Landscaping Change in water

Impermeable

regime

Lawns

surface

Infiltrate impervious

or treat, detain,

and disperse

into buffer new runoff from

surfaces and new lawns

Tilling Pets and human

Residential

areas

disturbance

Use privacy fencing Plant dense vegetation

to delineate

buffer edge and to discourage

disturbance using vegetation appropriate for the ecoregion Place wetland and its buffer in a separate tract or protect with a conservation

Dust

Tilled fields

easement

Use best management practices to control dust

These examples are not necessarily adequate for minimizing toxic runoff if threatened or endangered species are present at the site. B) For wetlands with a habitat score of six or greater, will allow a reduction in buffer width

from high intensity widths to moderate intensity widths: 1) Implementation of all of the above minimization measures in Table 19. 15. 120- C, where applicable; and 2) Establishment of Habitat Corridors. Establishment of a minimum 100- foot- wide

functioning or enhanced vegetated corridor between the wetland and any other priority habitat areas as defined by the Washington State Department of Fish and Wildlife. To use this option the following conditions must be met: a) The wetland must have a habitat function score of five or greater on the rating system form; and

b) The habitat corridor must be protected for the entire distance between the wetland and the priority habitat area by a deed restriction as described in CCC 19. 15. 170( J)( 1), or by a conservation easement. fe. Buffer Consistency. All mitigation sites, including newly created wetlands, shall be buffered. g€. Buffer Maintenance. Wetland buffers shall be retained in an undisturbed or enhanced condition. of this section, the hg. Buffer Uses. If not utilizing the buffer flexibility options in subsection following uses may be permitted within a wetland buffer, provided they are not prohibited by any other applicable law and are conducted in a manner that minimizes impacts to the buffer and adjacent wetland:

i. Conservation or restoration activities aimed at protecting the soil, water, vegetation, or wildlife. ii. Passive Recreation Development Activity. Passive recreation facilities( such as constructed walkways, trails, and viewing platforms) designed and in accordance with an approved critical area

assessment, including:

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Cowlitz County Code Chapter 19. 15 CRITICAL AREAS

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A) Walkways and trails; provided, that those pathways are generally parallel to the perimeter of the wetland, are located in the outer 25-50 percent of the buffer area, are constructed with a surface that does not interfere with the soil permeability,

and the surface of which is no more

than five feet wide. The design and construction of walkways and trails shall avoid impacts to

established native woody vegetation. Raised boardwalks utilizing nontreated pilings are acceptable;

B) Wildlife viewing structures less than 200 square feet. ii. Utility Transmission Facilities. Utility faoilities tha4 caM, 1i" id petroleum pr-oduots or any ofl' erhazardous substance as defined in Chapter 173 303 IALAG ma, be permitted within wedand buffer-s demonstrated on!), when by a" alified professional that the design, looation, and monitoring of the

PFOPOsed facility will not oause

adverse

effects

to the

buffer

wetland.

iii. Educational and scientific research activities.

iv. The harvesting of wild crops in a manner that is not injurious to natural reproduction of such crops and provided the harvesting does not require tilling of soil, plantingoff crops, chemical applications, or alteration of the wetland by changing existing topoeranhy, water conditions, or water resources. v. Drilling for utilities/utility corridors under a buffer, with entrance/ exit portals located completely outside of the wetland buffer boundarprovided

that the drilling does not alter the ground water

connection to the wetland or percolation of surface water down through the soil column. Specific studies by a hydrologist are necessary to determine whether the ground water connection to the wetland or percolation of surface water down through the soil column would be disturbed. v_ iii. Existing Facilities. Normal and routine maintenance and repair of any existing public or private facilities within an existing right- of-way; provided, that the maintenance footprint or use of the facility or right- of-way.

or repair does not increase the

vii. Enhancement of a wetland buffer through the removal of nonnative, invasive plant species. Removal of invasive plant species shall be restricted to hand removal. The use of mechanized equipment to remove invasive vegetation may be approved under a critical area permit provided all

impacts are restored and the work is conducted under the supervision of a critical area professional. All removed plant material shall be taken away from the site and appropriately

disposed of. Plants that

appear on the Washington State Noxious Weed Control Board list of noxious weeds should be handled

and disposed of according to a noxious weed control plan appropriate to that species. Revegetation with appropriate native species at natural densities is allowed in conjunction with removal of invasive plant species.

iv. Nonconforming Uses. Repair and maintenance of nonconforming uses or structures, where legally established within the buffer, provided they do not increase the degree of nonconformity. D. Development

Standards—

Additional Compensatory

Mitigation Requirements

for Wetlands.

1. Compensatory mitigation for alterations to wetlands shall be used only for impacts that cannot be avoided or minimized and shall achieve equivalent or greater biological, chemical, and physical functions. 2. Amount of Mitigation Required. The amount of compensatory one of the following methods:

mitigation shall be determined consistent with

a. Mitigation Ratios.

do not apply to the use of credits from a state- certified wetland mitigation bank or other state or federally approved mitigation tool, including but not limited to advance mitigation, consolidated

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Cowlitz County Code Chapter 19. 15 CRITICAL AREAS

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mitigation, or in- lieu fee program. When credits from a certified bank are used, mitigation ratios should be consistent with the requirements of the bank' s certification, or the applicable state and

federally approved plan. ii. Mitigation Ratios Defined. The first number in each cell of the table below specifies the acreage of mitigation wetlands, and the second specifies the acreage of wetlands altered. Table 19. 15. 120- ED. Wetland Mitigation Ratios

Category and Type of Wetland

Reestablishment

Impacts

Reestablishment or Reestablishment or Creation( R/C) and Creation( R/ C) and Enhancement/Preservation Rehabilitation

Rehabilitation

Creation

Only'

RH)

Categ org

Category

I Wetlands

of High Conservation

Category

Not considered

6: 1 Rehabilitation of

possibleb

Not considered

6: 1 Rehabilitation of

possibleb

Value

I—based

boa

R/ C Not considered

possibleb

R/ C Not considered

Case- by- case

R/ C Not considered

possible

possibleb

lya

E)'

possibleb

wetland of high

conservation

Enhancement(

Case- by- case

value

4: 1

8: 1

1: 1 R/ C and 6: 1 RH

1: 1 R/ C and 12: 1 E

16: 1

6: 1

12: 1

1: 1 R/ C and 10: 1 RH

1: 1 R/ C and 20: 1 E

24: 1

3: 1

6: 1

1: 1 R/ C and 4: 1 RH

1: 1 R/ C and 8: 1 E

12: 1

on score for functions

Category All

Category II

All Cate

All

I Forested

2: 1 4: 1 1: 1 R/ C and 2: 1 RH 1: 1 R/ C and 4: 1 E 8: 1 ry III o

IV Categoryry

1. 5: 1

3: 1

1 15:

GategoFy 11

All!'.

egei=

y? V

Nil Category Nil

Gategery Category

Fore..

te, l

4-4

Wetlands

Net

1: 1 R/ C and 2. 1 E

WC and

R/ C and

1. 1D/ C and n. ln

4. 1

1. 1 D C and 4. 1 L

based

1: 1 R/ C and 1: 1 RH

G.,«

1: 1 RA; and

1: 1 WC and6:

DLi

D/!`....

A' 1. 1 F

C and 20:

C and 12:

16. 11

on seare fororfunctions

Category

eonsidered

possibleb

of High

wetland

11, ation Value Gonsy-.

Category

a c-

Bog Bog

6: 1 Rehabilitation

POnSep,

Net

eensidere,]

G• 1

ation

D/ r`

Net

Del. el.; l: teti

e«

a- rccr

These ratios are based on the assumption

sidere,]

C Not

Case by ease

ered

Case by e mac

ere.

value

D/!`

Note

bcvn

highpossibleb

that the rehabilitation

or enhancement

sidered a

Qa-

Viet

peb

actions implemented

represent the average degree of

improvement possible for the site. Proposals to implement more effective rehabilitation or enhancement actions may result in a lower ratio, while less effective actions may result in a higher ratio. The distinction between rehabilitation and enhancement is not clear- cut. Instead, rehabilitation and enhancement actions span a continuum. Proposals that fall within the gray area between rehabilitation and enhancement will result in a ratio that lies between the ratios for rehabilitation and the ratios for enhancement.

Wetlands of high conservation value and bogs are considered irreplaceable wetlands because they perform some functions that cannot be

replaced through compensatory mitigation. Impacts to such wetlands would therefore result in a net loss of some functions no matter what kind of compensation is proposed.

iii. Increased Mitigation Ratio. The Director may increase the ratios under the following circumstances:

A) Uncertainty exists as to the probable success of the proposed restoration or creation; B) A significant period of time will elapse between impact and replication of wetland functions;

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Cowlitz County Code Chapter 19. 15 CRITICAL AREAS

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C) Proposed mitigation will result in a lower category wetland or reduced functions relative to the wetland being impacted; or D) The impact was an unauthorized impact. iv. Buffer Mitigation Ratios. Impacts to buffers shall be mitigated at a minimum 1: 1 ratio.

Compensatory

buffer mitigation shall replace those buffer functions lost from development.

b. Credit/ Debit Method. As an alternative to the mitigation ratio approach in subsection( D)( 2)( a) of this

section, the Director may allow mitigation based on the" credit/ debit" method developed by the Department of Ecology in" Calculating Credits and Debits for Compensatory

Mitigation in Wetlands of

Western Washington: Final Report," Ecology Publication No. 10- 06- 011, March 2012, or as revised. 3. Compensating for Lost or Affected Functions. Compensatory mitigation shall address the functions affected by the proposed project, with an intention to achieve functional equivalency or improvement

of functions. The

goal shall be for the compensatory mitigation to provide similar wetland functions as those lost, except when either:

a. The lost wetland provides minimal functions, and the proposed compensatory mitigation action( s) will provide equal or greater functions or will provide functions shown to be limiting within a watershed or

through a formal Washington State watershed assessment plan or protocol; or b. Out- of-kind replacement of wetland type or functions will best meet watershed goals formally identified by the county, such as replacement of historically diminished wetland types. 4. Preference

of Mitigation

Actions.

Mitigation

for lost or diminished

wetland

and buffer

area and functions

shall rely on the types below in the following order of preference: a. Restoration( reestablishment and rehabilitation) of wetlands.

i. The goal of reestablishment is returning natural or historic functions to a former wetland. Reestablishment results in a gain in wetland acres( and functions). Activities could include removing

fill material, plugging ditches, or breaking drain tiles. ii. The goal of rehabilitation is repairing natural or historic functions of a degraded wetland. Rehabilitation results in a gain in wetland function but does not result in a gain in wetland acres. Activities could involve breaching a dike to reconnect wetlands to a floodplain or return tidal influence to a wetland. b. Creation( establishment) of wetlands on disturbed upland sites such as those with vegetative cover

consisting primarily of nonnative species. Establishment results in a gain in wetland acres. i. This should be attempted only when there is an adequate source of water and it can be shown that the surface and subsurface hydrologic regime is conducive to the wetland community that is anticipated in the design. ii. If a site is not available for wetland restoration to compensate for expected wetland and/ or buffer

impacts, the Director may authorize creation of a wetland and buffer upon demonstration by the applicant' s qualified wetland professional that: A) The hydrology and soil conditions at the proposed mitigation site are conducive for sustaining the proposed wetland and that creation of a wetland at the site will not likely cause hydrologic problems elsewhere;

B) Adjacent land uses and site conditions do not jeopardize the viability of the proposed wetland and buffer( e. g. due to the presence of invasive plants or noxious weeds, stormwater runoff, noise, light, or other impacts); and

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Cowlitz County Code Chapter 19. 15 CRITICAL AREAS

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C) The proposed wetland and buffer will eventually be self-sustaining with little or no longterm maintenance.

c. Enhancement of significantly degraded wetlands in combination with restoration or creation. Enhancement should be part of a mitigation package that includes replacing the altered area and meeting appropriate ratio requirements. Enhancement is undertaken for specified purposes such as water quality improvement, flood water retention, or wildlife habitat.

d. Enhancement

of significantly degraded wetlands. Enhancement alone will result in a net loss of wetland

acreage because the area of the wetland impacted is not being replaced. It is also less effective than restoration or creation at replacing the functions lost. Applicants proposing to use enhancement only for wetland mitigation shall demonstrate:

i. How the proposed enhancement will increase the wetland/ wetland buffer functions;

ii. How this increase in function will adequately compensate for the impacts; and iii. How all other existing wetland functions at the mitigation site will be unaffected or improved by the proposed enhancement. e. Preservation.

i. Preservation of high- quality, at- risk wetlands as compensation is generally acceptable when done in combination with restoration, creation, and/ or enhancement; provided, that a minimum of 1: 1 acreage replacement is provided by reestablishment or creation. Ratios for preservation in combination with other forms of mitigation generally range from 10: 1 to 20: 1, as determined on a case- by- case basis,

depending on the quality of the wetlands being altered and the quality of the wetlands being preserved. ii. Preservation of high- quality, at- risk wetlands and habitat may be considered as the sole means of compensation for wetland impacts when all of the following criteria are met: A) The area proposed for preservation is of high quality. The following features may be

indicative of high- quality sites: 1) Category I or 11 wetland rating; 2) Rare wetland type( e. g. bogs, mature forested wetlands, estuarine wetlands);

3) The presence of habitat for priority or locally important wildlife species; or 4) Priority sites in an adopted watershed plan. B) Wetland impacts will not have a significant adverse impact on habitat for ESA- listed species.

C) There is no net loss of habitat functions within the watershed or basin.

D) Mitigation ratios for preservation as the sole means of mitigation shall generally start at 20: 1. Specific ratios should depend upon the significance of the preservation project and the

quality of the wetland resources lost. E) Permanent preservation of the wetland and buffer will be provided through a conservation easement or tract held by a land trust. F) The impact area is small( generally less than one- half acre) and/ or impacts are occurring to a

low- functioning system( Category III or IV wetland).

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Cowlitz County Code Chapter 19. 15 CRITICAL AREAS

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iii. All preservation sites shall include buffer areas adequate to protect the wetland and its functions from encroachment and degradation. 5. Additional

Mitigation

Plan Requirements

for Wetlands.

a. Compensatory mitigation plans shall be consistent with the Washington State Department of Ecology, U. S. Army Corps of Engineers Seattle District, and U. S. EPA Region 10" Wetland Mitigation in Washington State— Part 2: Developing Mitigation Plans( Version 1)," 2006,( Publication No. 06- 06011b), or as revised.

b. In addition to the requirements

of CCC 19. 15. 170( F)( 2-), plans for wetland mitigation shall include a

description of the following, where applicable: i. Associated wetlands that may be greater than 300 feet from the subject project; ii. Position in the watershed and relative to other existing water bodies; and iii. When enhancement/ rehabilitation of an existing wetland is used as mitigation: A) The functions and values of the existing mitigation wetland; B) The source of historic degradation at the mitigation wetland; and C) The measures to be used for enhancement or rehabilitation and how the actions will increase the functions

19. 15. 130 A. Designation

of the degraded

wetland. [

Ord.

Fish and wildlife

habitat

conservation

areas.

of Fish and Wildlife

Habitat

Conservation

Areas.

16- 174 §

2( Exh. A), 12- 20- 16.]

1. Designation. All areas within the county meeting one or more of the designations in Table 19. 15. 130- A or

provisions in this subsection A, regardless of any formal identification, are hereby designated critical areas and are subject to the provisions of this chapter and shall be managed consistent with the best available science, such as the Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife' s Management Recommendations for Priority Habitat and Species. Consultation may occur with the Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife for confirmation of designations.

Table 19. 15. 130- A. Fish and Wildlife

Habitat Conservation

Classifications

Description

WAC 365- 190- 080( 5) 1. Areas with which federal endangered, primary

threatened

state

sensitive

designated species

Areas

have

Areas which, if significantly altered, may reduce the likelihood that the species will reproduce over the long term. Federally designated species are those identified by U.S. Fish and Wildlife or the National Marine Fisheries Service. State designated

association.

species are those identified by the Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife. These habitats

are designated

as critical

areas, where endangered,

threatened

and

sensitive species are verified to have a primary association. 2. State priority habitats and areas associated with state priority

species.

Priority habitats and species are considered to be priorities for conservation and management. Priority species require protective measures for their perpetuation due to their population status, sensitivity to habitat alteration, and/ or recreational, commercial, or tribal importance. Priority habitats are those habitat types or elements with unique or significant value to a diverse assemblage of species. A priority habitat may consist of a unique vegetation type or dominant plant species, a described successional stage, or a specific structural element. Priority habitats and species are identified by the State Department

of Fish and Wildlife.

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Cowlitz County Code Chapter 19. 15 CRITICAL AREAS

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Classifications

Description

WAC 365- 190- 080( 5) 3. Species

and habitats

of local importance.

Habitat: Unique or significant habitats which regionally rare wildlife species depend upon and that have high wildlife concentrations, including: Caves, Talus

slopes,

Snag- rich areas( outside forest practices). Species: Wildlife species which require protective measures for their continued existence due to their population status or sensitivity to habitat alterations or are highly valued by the local citizens. Species meeting the above criteria but not depending upon a habitat of local importance( as listed above) to meet criteria habitat needs are those documented, 4. Naturally submerged

occurring ponds under 20 acres and their beds that provide fish or wildlife

aquatic

habitat.

verified, and mapped in Cowlitz County.

Naturally occurring ponds are those ponds under 20 acres and their submerged aquatic beds that provide fish or wildlife habitat, including those artificial ponds intentionally created from dry areas in order to mitigate impacts to other waters. Naturally occurring ponds do not include ponds deliberately designed and created from dry sites, such as canals, detention facilities, wastewater treatment facilities, farm ponds, temporary construction ponds, and landscape amenities, unless such artificial ponds were intentionally

5. Waters

created for mitigation.

Waters of the state shall be those defined in WAC 222- 16- 031, Forest Practices

of the state.

Board, Definitions, with the following revisions: a)

Type

S Water(

Chapter

Type

all waters,

59 nG-

uf..«

the

inventoried., "

shorelines

of the state"

ulg ted purstiant to Chapter nn 59 nCw including periodically inundated areas of the:.- associated wetlands.

tinder

rules«

b) Type F Water( Type 2)— means

segments

of natural

waters,

which are not

classified as Type S- er-I Water and have a-high fish, wildlife, or human use. These are

segments of natural waters and periodically inundated areas of their associated wetlands. e)

Type F Wa4er( Type 3)

classified

as Type

means

segments

1 or 2 Wate.- s and have.,

of nn4ilrul

moderate

ivaters

vAieh

to slight fish

Are not

wildlife,

or human

use. These are segments of natural waters and periodically inundated areas of their c4) Type Np Water( Type 4)— means all segments

of natural waters within defined

channels that are perennial nonfish habitat streams. Perennial streams are waters that do not go dry any time of a year of normal rainfall. However, for the purpose of water typing, Type Np Waters include the intermittent dry portions of the perennial channel below the uppermost point of perennial flow. de) Type Ns Water(

Pype 5)—

means

all segments

of natural

waters within defined

channels that are not Type S, F, or Np Waters. These are seasonal, nonfish habitat streams in which surface flow is not present for at least some portion of a year of normal rainfall and are not located downstream

from any stream reach that is a Type

Np Water. Ns Waters must be physically connected by an aboveground channel system to Type S, F, or Np Waters. 6. State natural conservation

area preserves

and natural

resource

areas.

Currently, there is only one natural resource conservation area in Cowlitz County, Merrill Lake. It is owned by the State of Washington and managed by the Department of Natural Resources. Natural area preserves and natural resource conservation areas are defined, established, and managed by the Washington State Department of Natural Resources.

7. Areas of rare

plant species

and high quality

Areas of rare plant species and high quality ecosystems are identified by the Washington

ecosystems.

State Department

of Natural

Resources

through

the Natural

Heritage

Program. 8. Unintentionally

created ponds.

9. Habitat Corridors

Ponds with a surface area of less than 20 acres, but greater than one acre. This designation does not include ponds in which existing and ongoing operations are occurring for mining or other permitted activity. Those corridors set aside and protected for preserving connections between habitats on development proposal sites that contain streams and/ or wetlands with a moderate to high habitat score greater than or equal to six on the Washington State Wetland RatingSystem for Western Washington( Department of Ecology 2014 or as revised) that

are

moderate

located

within

200 feet of a^

a«

stream and/ or wetland with a

to high habitat score greater than or equal to six on the Washington

State

Wetland RatingSystem for Western Washington. Fish and wildlife habitat corridors do not increase stream buffers, except as required to provide a connection between two features

as described

above.

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Cowlitz County Code Chapter 19. 15 CRITICAL AREAS

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2. Exemptions. Activities that are exempt from the requirements of this section can be found in CCC 19. 15. 070, Exemptions.

B. Mapping of Fish and Wildlife Habitat Conservation Areas. The approximate location and extent of habitat conservation

areas are shown on the critical area maps adopted by the county, as most recently updated( see CCC

19. 15. 110).

C. Critical Area Assessment— Additional Requirements for Habitat Conservation Areas. In addition to the general critical area assessment requirements of CCC 19. 15. 090( F)( 2), critical area assessments for habitat conservation areas must meet the requirements of this section. Critical area assessments for two or more types of critical areas must meet the requirements for each relevant type of critical area.

1. Preparation by a Qualified Professional. A critical areas assessment for a habitat conservation area shall be prepared by a qualified professional who is a biologist with experience preparing reports for the relevant type of habitat.

2. Areas Addressed in Critical Area Assessment. The following areas shall be addressed in a critical area assessment for habitat conservation areas:

a. The project area of the proposed activity;

b. All habitat conservation areas and recommended riparian habitat areas within 300 feet of the project area; and

c. All shoreline areas, floodplains, other critical areas, and related buffers within 300 feet of the project area.

3. Level One Critical Areas Habitat Assessment. A level one critical areas habitat assessment includes:

a. Detailed description of vegetation on and adjacent to the project area and its associated buffer; b. Identification of any priority species, or endangered, threatened, sensitive, or candidate species that have a primary association with habitat on or adjacent to the project area; c. A detailed discussion of the direct and indirect potential impacts on habitat by the project, including

potential impacts to water quality or to the use of the site by species identified in subsection( C)( 3)( b) of this section if any;

d. A discussion of measures, including avoidance or minimization, proposed to preserve existing habitats; e. A discussion of how the development activities proposal meets development standards for the specific habitats;

and

f.If required, a mitigation plan in conformance with CCC 19. 15. 170( C). g. Demonstration that the proposed development activities will not: i. Reduce stream or habitat functions, including those of nonfish habitat; ii. Degrade the habitat, including habitat for anadromous fish within the inner zone of the riparian habitat area( RHA); and iii. Be located within another critical area or associated buffer.

h. The Director as warranted may require additional studies. 4. Level Two Critical Areas Habitat Assessment. A level two critical areas habitat assessment includes all required components for a level one critical areas habitat assessment and:

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Cowlitz County Code Chapter 19. 15 CRITICAL AREAS

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a. A discussion of any federal, state, or local special management recommendations, including Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife habitat management recommendations, that have been

developed for species or habitats located on or adjacent to the project area;

b. A protection plan describing activities that will be used to mitigate any impacts from the current proposal and restore any habitat that was degraded prior to the current proposed land use activity. Activities are to be conducted in accordance with CCC 19. 15. 170( C), Mitigation Sequencing. The protection plan at a minimum must include, but is not limited to: i. Enhancement of functions within the RHA through intensive, appropriate native vegetation and soil

amendments as approved by the qualified professional. A detailed planting plan is required; ii. A construction and monitoring plan and fmancial assurance must be provided as described in CCC 19. 15. 170( F)( 2)( eg),( F)( 52-)(i) and( J)( 2), respectively; and

iii. A discussion of ongoing management practices that will protect habitat after the project site has been developed, including proposed monitoring and maintenance programs. c. The Director may require additional studies. D. Development

Standards—

General

Requirements.

1. Alterations within All Classifications. A habitat conservation area may be altered; provided, that the proposed alteration of the habitat or the mitigation proposed does not degrade the quantitative and qualitative functions and values of the habitat, and provided it is not otherwise restricted or prohibited by this chapter. 2. Nonindigenous Species. Plants, wildlife, or fish species not indigenous to the region shall not be introduced

into a habitat conservation area unless authorized by a state or federal permit or approval. 3. Approvals and the Best Available Science. Any approval of alterations or impacts to a habitat conservation area shall be supported by the best available science.

4. Clearing and Grading. When clearing and grading is permitted as part of an approved critical areas assessment the following shall apply: a. Grading is allowed only during the dry season, which is typically regarded as beginning on May 1 st and ending on October 1st of each year; provided, that the county may extend or shorten the dry season on a case- by- case basis, determined on actual weather conditions.

b. Best management practices for erosion and sediment control must be in place prior to, during, and after construction.

E. Development

Standards—

Specific

Habitats.

1. Endangered, Threatened, and Sensitive Species. Where federal or state management recommendations exist

to protect a state or federally protected species, development or activities may be allowed within or adjacent to a habitat conservation area or buffer with which the state or federally endangered, threatened, or sensitive species has a primary association only when the management recommendations are utilized as demonstrated in a critical area assessment prepared by a qualified professional and approved by the Director. 2. Wetland Habitats. All proposed activities within or adjacent to habitat conservation areas containing wetlands shall conform to the wetland development performance

standards set forth in CCC 19. 15. 120,

Wetlands. If nonwetlands habitat and wetlands are present at the same location, the provisions of this section or CCC 19. 15. 120, Wetlands, whichever provides greater protection to the habitat, apply. 3. Riparian Habitat Areas( RHAs). RHAs shall be established for habitats that include aquatic and terrestrial

ecosystems that mutually benefit each other and that are located adjacent to waters of the state. Unless

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Cowlitz County Code Chapter 19. 15 CRITICAL AREAS

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otherwise allowed in this title, all structures and activities shall be located outside of the RHAs. For purposes of this chapter," riparian habitat area" is used synonymously with" buffer". a. Seeps and Springs. Seeps and springs may require establishment of riparian habitat areas; these will be evaluated on a case- by- case basis. A 100- foot RHA will be required on springs if the water source is used

for potable water. b. Functionally development

d Riparian Habitat Areas.

Disconnectedl

or- flood

contFol

such

structures,

levees,

When

completely

f f ees f w

functional!),

isolate the riparian ar i

ff-om the water- eeur- se, the R14A shall extend

4om the or-dinai- y high water

mafk to th

or-toe of the flood eomfel stmeture. if the water-cotuse is not completely physieally isolated, bu4 is completely functionally isolated, the Director may adjust the RHA te r-efleet site conditions a-ad best

a-vailable sciene—.Riparian habitats may exclude areas that are functionally and effectively disconnected from the stream by an existing public or private road or legally established development, the Director. Functionally

and effectively

disconnected

as determined by

means that the road or other significant

development blocks the protective measures provided by a riparian habitat area.

Significant developments shall include built public infrastructure such as roads and railroads, and private developments such as homes or commercial structures. The Director shall evaluate whether the

interruption will affect the entirety of the riparian habitat area. Individual structures may not fully interrupt riparian habitat area function. In such cases, the allowable riparian habitat area exclusion should be limited

in scope to just the portion of the riparian habitat area that is affected. Where questions exist regarding whether a development functionally disconnects the riparian habitat area, or the extent of that impact, the Director may require a critical area assessment to analyze and document the riparian habitat functionality. c. Seasonal Restrictions. When a species is more susceptible to adverse impacts during specific periods of the year, seasonal restrictions may apply. Larger RHA widths may be required and activities may be further restricted during the specified season. d. Riparian Habitat Area Widths. Required RHA widths are shown in the table below. Widths shall be

densely vegetated with native vegetation appropriate for the ecoregion, consisting of an average of 80% native cover comprised of trees, shrubs and groundcover plants. If the existing RHA on the subject

property is unvegetated, sparsely vegetated, or vegetated with invasive species that do not perform needed functions, the RHA within the subject property must either be planted to create the appropriate native plant

community or be widened by 33 percent to ensure that the RHA provides adequate functions to protect the stream. Any required planting or widening of the RHA shall apply only to the portion of the RHA located on the subject property. Table 19. 15. 130- B. Riparian

Habitat

Areas

Stream Type S Ovate

Type F water,,.

Stream

Type Required

RHA Width( ft.)a. s eve SM?

annel width greater

RHA Widths

Table 7 2

1804-50

than 20 fee 1

than or equal to 20& Type

Np water

10030

Type Ns water

10030

RHA widths shall be measured horizontally from the ordinary high water mark. With respeetio T5To 9 AIMOFS, the teFm" R14A!' is in4erehangeable Avith thy, term" qhSTk-'li4; k-' huffer" I' s'- d in the Bounty' s shark-4ine-,Masty-,r

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Cowlitz County Code Chapter 19. 15 CRITICAL AREAS

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e. Alternative Riparian Habitat Area. An applicant may propose an alternative RHA in lieu of the standard

widths in Table 19. 15. 130- 13 when a critical area report is prepared byqualified professional and demonstrates

the alternative RHA will protect riparian ecosystem functions equal to or greater than the

standard width. The alternative RHA shall be delineated as follows:

i. Alternative RHA width determination. Measure the riparian width pursuant to CCC 19. 15. 130(_E)( 3)( d). Establish the outer edge by WDFW' s online mapping tool to measure site potential tree height at 200 years( SPTH200) of the dominant tree species.

ii. SPTH data sources. SPTH200 may be obtained from the WDFW SPTH mapping datasets and tools for Cowlitz County or may be calculated in the field using WDFW' s Guidelines for Determining SPTH from Field Measurements( 2025), with documentation included in the critical area report.

iii. Minimum pollution removal width. In all cases the RHA shall not be less than one hundred(

100)

feet to ensure high pollutant removal efficac.

RHA width on a case- by-case basis when there is evidence that a wider RHA is necessary. Criteria to support an expanded width include the following:

i. The existing RHA is unvegetated, sparsely vegetated, or vegetated with invasive species that do not perform needed functions. If the RHA is not planted to create the appropriate plant community, widening of the RHA is an option to ensure that adequate functions are provided. Improving the vegetation is generally preferable to widening the RHA; or ii. The habitat area provides habitat for a species that is particularly sensitive to disturbance. The width of the RHA should be increased to provide adequate protection for the species based on its particular life-history needs; or iii. When recommended by a qualified professional or regulatory agency; or iv. When the habitat area is within an erosion or landslide hazard area, or its buffer, greatest width of protection shall apply. g€. Use of Riparian Habitat Areas. Activities within RHAs shall be reviewed and approved through a critical areas assessment which demonstrates the activities will not impact the RHAs' functions and values.

i. Option

Standard RHA Widths. Where all proposed use and development activities would occur

outside of the standard RHA widths shown in Table 19. 15. 130- 13, no critical areas assessment is required.

ii. Option 2 Otiter Zone of P-14A. The atiter- zone of the P44A is the et4ef one half-, or- 50 pereent Ofthe sta* dard PUNA widths shown in Table 0. 15. 130 B. Where proposed use and development

A) A level one eritical areas habitat assessment is required.

iii. Option

inner Zone of R14A. The inner- zone of the R14A is the inner one half or 50 pereent of

the standard R14AA,idths shown in Table 19. 15. 130 B. Where proposed use or development activitieswould occuf pa

ially or entirely within the inner zone, the following standards ffitist be

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Cowlitz County Code Chapter 19. 15 CRITICAL AREAS

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A) A level two oritical

areas habitat

B) The appheant demonstrates

assessment

is required-, and

compliance with all applicable provisions of subseetion(

E)( 5)

of this section.

Riparian

Figure

19. 15. 130

Habits# Area

Outer

Inner

waer

Zone

Zane

50%

5Q11/ 0

50%

1. Riparian

Habitat

Area Components.

This figure is based on the Type F Water

standard

RHA width of 150 feet.

4. Riparian Habitat Areas( RHAs) Required for Classification 4. RHAs shall be established through an approved critical areas assessment and shall: a. Consist

of an undisturbed

area of native

vegetation

or areas identified

for restoration

established

protect the integrity, functions, and values of the affected habitat; b. Reflect the sensitivity of the habitat and the type and intensity of human activity proposed to be conducted nearby; c. Be consistent with the management recommendations Wildlife;

issued by the Washington Department of Fish and

and

d. Be managed consistent with the provisions of subsection( E)( 3) of this section, Riparian Habitat Area RHAs).

5. Alterations to Waters of the State and Associated RHAs. Activities may be permitted within a pond, lake,

water of the state, marine habitat, or associated riparian habitat area when the activity complies with the provisions in this subsection and in accordance with an approved critical area assessment and, if applicable, in accordance with the Shoreline Management Act, Chapter 90. 58 RCW, the county' s Shoreline Master Program, and all other applicable state or federal permits. a. General.

i. All work shall comply with the Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife in- water work window for the applicable

species;

ii. The proposal will not degrade the functions or values of the fish habitat or other critical areas. b. Alteration of Natural Watercourses. Alteration of natural watercourses shall be avoided. If unavoidable,

the following provisions shall apply to the alteration: i. Watercourse alteration projects shall not result in blockage of side channels. ii. The county shall notify adjacent communities.

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Cowlitz County Code Chapter 19. 15 CRITICAL AREAS

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iii. The applicant shall maintain the altered or relocated portion of the watercourse to ensure that the flood-carrying capacity is not diminished. iv. Unavoidable impacts shall be mitigated consistent with mitigation requirements found in subsection F of this section and CCC 19. 15. 170. c. Shoreline erosion control measures must also demonstrate that:

i. Natural shoreline processes will be maintained; ii. Adequate

mitigation

measures

ensure

that there is no net loss of the functions

or values

of riparian

habitat as a result of the proposed shoreline erosion control measures; iii. The proposed shoreline erosion control measures do not result in negative impacts to channel migration

iv. Impacts

corridors;

to the functions

or values

of the habitat

conservation

area shall require

appropriate

mitigation measures per subsection F of this section and CCC 19. 15. 170; v. Streambank stabilization to protect structures from future channel migration is achieved through bioengineering, soft armoring, or recommended techniques in accordance with an approved critical area assessment and the guidelines of the Washington State Integrated Streambank Protection Guidelines( 2003, or as amended).

d. In- Stream Structures. On Type F, Type Np, and Type Ns waters, the following provisions shall apply:

i. No structures that prevent the migration of salmonids will be allowed in the portion of water bodies currently used by anadromous fish. ii. In- stream structures, such as, but not limited to, high flow bypasses, sediment ponds, instream ponds, and retention and detention facilities, are prohibited from RHAs unless they are necessary for

the successful development or maintenance of a habitat improvement project. o

Filler

Fills shall

minimize

acts

to .,

r.,.,

otts fish or their habitat.

and new deeks may be permiaed in aeeer-danee with an approved eritieal area assessment that has

i. The project will not result in increased beach erosion; ii. The development

Ade"

minimizes

adverse

impaets

to fish

or wildlife

habitm

areas

a4e mitigation measures ensure that there is no net loss of the funetions or values of aqtta4ic

rip habitat.,

a restilt of the structures-.

eg. Roads, Trails, Bridges, and Rights- of-Way. Construction

of trails, roadways, and bridges may be

permitted subject to the following additional standards: i. There is no other feasible alternative route with less impact on the environment;

ii. The crossing minimizes interruption of downstream movement of wood and gravel;

iii. Trails shall be located in the outer 50 percent of the RHA, except for limited viewing platforms and crossings;

iv. Crossings, where necessary, shall only occur as near to perpendicular with the watercourse as possible;

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Cowlitz County Code Chapter 19. 15 CRITICAL AREAS

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v. Mitigation for impacts is provided pursuant to a mitigation plan of an approved critical area assessment;

vi. Trails and associated viewing platforms shall not be made of continuous impervious materials. fly. Utility Facilities. New utility lines and facilities may be permitted to cross watercourses, if they comply with the following additional standards: i. There is no other feasible alternative route with less impact on the environment;

ii. Installation shall be accomplished

by boring beneath the scour depth and the saturated zone beneath

the watercourse and channel migration zone, where feasible;

iii. The utilities shall cross at an angle greater than 60 degrees to the centerline of the channel in streams or perpendicular to the channel centerline whenever boring under the channel is not feasible; iv. Crossings shall be contained within the footprint of an existing road or utility crossing where possible;

v. The utility route shall avoid paralleling the stream or following a down- valley course near the channel;

and

vi. The utility installation shall not increase or decrease the natural rate of shore migration or channel migration;

vii. Utility facilities which carry liquid petroleum products or any other hazardous substance as defined in Chapter 173- 303 WAC may be permitted only when demonstrated by a qualified professional that the design, location, and monitoring of the proposed facility will not cause contaminants to enter the protected resource. gi. Public Flood Protection Measures.

i. New public flood protection measures may be permitted, subject to the county' s review and approval of a critical area assessment.

ii. Expansion on the landward side of existing dikes or levees may be permitted when it is determined through the planning clearance process that the proposed expansion will not result in unavoidable impacts to critical areas or critical area buffers, and that the expansion will be conducted in accordance

with CCC 19. 15. 170( C), Mitigation Sequencing. If the planning clearance is inconclusive, a critical area assessment may be required. lam. Stormwater Management Facilities. Stormwater management facilities, which incorporate infiltration mechanisms, such as dispersion outfalls and bioswales, may be allowed within the outer 25 percent of the RHA or may encroach further into the RHA at discretion of the Director; provided that: i. No other location is feasible; and ii. The location of such facilities will not degrade the functions or values of the watercourse or associated

RHA.

k. On- Site SepticSewage Systems and Wells. On- site septic components may be allowed within the riparian habitat area provided the following are met:

i. All septic components must be 100 feet from the ordinary high water mark; ii. Reasonable efforts have been made to avoid FWHCA functions and values; iii. The on- site septic

system

must be in compliance

with all local and state requirements;

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iv. Best management practices( BMPs) are used to minimize erosion, sedimentation

and soil

disturbance;

v. Any adverse impacts to critical areas are mitigated in accordance with CCC 19. 15. 170; and vi. For new or replacement of existing failing system, there is no other alternative that will meet state requirements(

including locating the new system in the same place as the old system).

i. Now on site sewage systems and individuai wells may be peFmitted within an R14A in accordance

with an approved or-itieal area assessment only if aeeesser-y to a proposed or-approved residential stmotffe, for- which it is not feasible to connect to a publio sanitary sewer- system. ii. Repair-s to failing on site sewage systems assoeiated with an existing struetur- e shall bee

aeeomplished by utilizing one of the following fnethods that result in the least impact: A) Connection to an available public sanitaFy sewer system;

B) Replaeement with a new on site sewage system loeated landward as faf as passibk-,pr-evided the proposed sewage system is in complianee with the Cowlitz Coenty He Dew C) Repair- to the existing o

site septic system.

6. Other Classifications.

a. Classifications 2 and 3. Whenever activities are proposed adjacent to or within Classification 2 or 3 areas, an approved critical area assessment prepared by a qualified professional may be required and must comply with Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife management recommendations for affected species or habitats.

b. Classification

6. Protection for state natural area preserves and natural resource conservation

area

habitat will be achieved by the Washington State Department of Natural Resources. c. Classification 7. Protection for areas of rare plant species and high quality ecosystems may require verification and a critical area assessment. Activities should comply with Washington Department of Fish

and Wildlife management recommendations for priority habitat species and Washington Department of Natural Resources Heritage Program guidelines. F. Development

Standards-

Additional

Mitigation

Requirements

for Fish and Wildlife

Habitat

Conservation

Areas.

1. Mitigation for alterations to fish and wildlife habitat conservation areas shall be consistent with the Washington State Department of Fish and Wildlife and other state or federal agencies' management

recommendations

and guidance documents for best practices mitigation. See CCC 19. 15. 170, Mitigation

requirements.

2. Mitigation shall be required to the level or extent necessary to achieve no net loss of critical area functions and values.

3. Proposed mitigation for impacts within fish and wildlife habitat conservation areas may be conditioned by the county on a case- by- case basis using recommendations provided by Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife. [ Ord.

19. 15. 140

16- 174 § 2( Exh. A), 12- 20- 16.]

Frequently flooded areas.

A. Classifications and Designation. All lands identified in the Federal Emergency Management Agency flood insurance rate maps, as amended, and approved by the county as within the 100- year floodplain are designated as

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frequently flooded areas. These maps are based on the following: Unincorporated

Flood

Insurance

Study— Cowlitz County

Areas.

B. Development Limitations. All development within designated frequently flooded areas shall comply with Chapter 16. 25 CCC, Floodplain

19. 15. 150

Management,

Geologically

as now

hereafter

amended. [

Ord. 16- 174§

2( Exh. A), 12- 20- 16.]

hazardous areas.

A. Designation of Geologically Hazardous Areas. 1. Designation. Geologically hazardous areas include areas susceptible to erosion, sliding, earthquake, or other geological events. They pose a threat to the health and safety of citizens when incompatible development is sited in areas of significant hazard. Such incompatible development may not only place itself at risk, but also may increase the hazard to surrounding development and use. Areas susceptible to one or more of the following types of hazards shall be designated as a geologically hazardous area and are further described in later sections: a. Seismic

hazard;

b. Mine hazard; c. Volcanic hazard; d. Erosion

hazard;

and

e. Landslide hazard. 2. Exemptions. Activities that are exempt from the requirements of this section can be found in CCC 19. 15. 070, Exemptions.

B. Mapping of Geologically Hazardous Areas. The approximate location and extent of geologically hazardous areas are shown on the adopted critical area maps listed in CCC 19. 15. 110. They are a reference and do not provide a final critical

area designation.

C. Development

Standards—

General Requirements for All Geologically Hazardous Areas.

1. Alterations. Alterations of geologically hazardous areas or associated buffers may only occur for activities that:

a. Will not increase the threat of the geological hazard to adjacent properties beyond predevelopment conditions;

b. Will not adversely impact other critical areas;

c. Are designed so that the hazard to the project is eliminated or mitigated to a level equal to or less than predevelopment conditions; and d. Are recommended by a qualified professional in a signed and stamped geologic hazards assessment or geotechnical engineering report, whichever is required by this chapter.

2. Critical Facilities Prohibited. Critical facilities shall not be sited within geologically hazardous areas unless there is no other practical alternative. 3. Utilities Transmission Facilities. Utility facilities which carry liquid petroleum products or any other hazardous substance as defined in Chapter 173- 303 WAC may be permitted within geologically hazardous

areas only when demonstrated by a qualified professional that the design and location of the proposed facility will not cause adverse impacts. D. Seismic

Hazard

Areas.

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1. Designation.

a. For the purposes of this classification,

a seismic hazard area is any area subject to:

i. Underlying deposits indicative of a risk of liquefaction during a seismic event; ii. Areas subject to slope failure, including lateral spreading, during a seismic event; iii. Areas subject to surface faulting during a seismic event; iv. Areas that are at risk of mass wasting due to seismic forces. b. Seismic hazard areas are indicated by: i. A Zone D 1 or higher rating as defined by the Seismic Risk Map of the United States adopted by the Washington

State Legislature

and defined

in the International

Residential

Code(

IRC).

ii. Areas with Site Class D, D to E, E, and F as defined by the Site Class Map of Cowlitz County, by Washington State Department of Natural Resources or the International Building Code( IBC). 2. Development

Standards—

Specific Requirements. All development within areas that meet the designation for

seismic hazard areas shall comply with the adopted IBC or IRC. No critical area assessment is required. E. Mine Hazard

Areas.

1. Designation. Mine hazard areas are those areas underlain by or affected by mine workings such as adits,

gangways, tunnels, drifts, or airshafts, and those areas of probable sink holes, gas releases, or subsidence due to mine workings. Locations may be known or unknown, based upon best available information. 2. Development meet

the

Standards—

standards

Specific Requirements. Activities proposed to be located in mine hazard area shall

of subsection

C of this

section,

Development

Standards—

General

Requirements

for All

Geologically Hazardous Areas, and the following specific requirements: a. Areas identified where mining is known to have occurred shall be required to have a geotechnical assessment.

b. Areas identified where suspected mine activities have occurred may require a geotechnical assessment. A geotechnical assessment will be required if mining activities are visible, such as a shaft or pit. F. Volcanic

Hazard

Areas.

1. Preamble. The eruption of Mt. St. Helens on May 18, 1980, was the most destructive volcanic eruption in the history of the United States with respect to economic impact and loss of life and property. Although a majority of the volcano and its summit are located in Skamania County, the mountain is the source of four river

drainages that pass through Cowlitz County to the Columbia River, and the western flank of the mountain, including portions of the Mt. St. Helens National Monument, is within Cowlitz County. Like the other volcanoes in the Cascade Volcanic Arc, scientists cannot precisely predict when Mt. St. Helens will erupt, the area of land that will be affected, or the force of future eruptions. However, research does

provide a record of areas that have been affected by volcanic activity throughout the volcano' s history and the types of hazards that have occurred in those areas. The flowage hazard zones designated below are the results

of such research by the United States Geological Society and indicate areas of historic impacts. The research is not intended to indicate that a future volcanic eruption will affect those areas, or that areas not included in the

flowage hazard zones will not be affected. Instead, it is information that should be used to make property owners aware of the historical forces that have shaped their land in the past and that have the potential to do so again in the future.

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However, because there is potential for economic damage and loss of life and property, Cowlitz County has elected to restrict the development activities within the county that fall very close, within a five- mile radius, to the volcanic cone. This area primarily contains land designated as Flowage Hazard Zone 1 that is also within the Mt. St. Helens National Monument, but also includes some land designated as Flowage Hazard Zone 2.

Because of their proximity to the volcanic cone, these areas should not be allowed to increase in population or

be developed with permanent structures. Additionally, due to the extensive volumes of sediment flowing down the North Fork of the Toutle River and the potential risk of increased flows in the event of a future eruption, Cowlitz County has also elected to require that development upriver of the North Fork Toutle River Sediment

Retention Structure be accompanied by an evacuation and emergency management plan. 2. Designation. Volcanic hazard areas are those areas identified as being within the Volcanic Hazard Zone 1, demarcated by a five- mile radius based on the center of the cone of Mt. St. Helens and the mapped extents of

Zone 1, Zone 2 and Zone 3 shown on the Cowlitz County adapted map of the Mount St. Helens FlowageHazard Zones Map, 1995, United States Geological Society. These areas can be subject to pyroclastic flows,

lava flows, debris avalanche, and inundation by debris flows, lahars, mudflows, or related flooding resulting from volcanic activity. a. Volcanic Hazard Zone 1. The area within the five- mile radius is indicated as having the highest risk of being affected by potential future volcanic activity, and is the only area with development restrictions based on volcanic hazard risk.

b. Flowage Hazard Zone 1. Areas that have been and could potentially be subject to high- density volcanic flows including lava flows and lahars that are constrained by topographic channels proximal to the volcanic source. The eruptive forces that can occur in Zone 1 can occur so rapidly after an eruption that once the eruption has begun, it is too late to attempt evacuation.

c. Flowage Hazard Zone 2. Areas subject to low- density volcanic flows including pyroclastic surges that are less constrained by topography. The eruptive forces that can occur in Zone 2 can occur so rapidly after an eruption that once the eruption has begun, it is too late to attempt evacuation.

d. Flowage Hazard Zone 3. Areas subject to inundation by well- channelized lahars caused by volcanic activity. 3. Development

Standard—

Specific

Requirements.

a. All Volcanic and Flowage Hazard Zones. All new recorded plats and short plats resulting from subdivisions or short subdivisions shall include a notice stating that the lots are located within a volcanic or flowage hazard zone and indicating which specific zone applies. b. Volcanic Hazard Zone 1. i. Allowable Uses.

A) Passive recreational uses, which may include hiking, boating, fishing, etc.; B) Maintenance and repair of existing structures, roads, trails, educational facilities, and serviceable

structures;

C) Agriculture and forestry activities;

D) Exploratory or scientific research, fish and wildlife enhancement projects, or similar such activities.

c. Flowage Hazard Zones 1, 2, and 3.

i. For areas within all flowage hazard zones along the North Fork Toutle River upriver of the North Fork Toutle River Sediment Retention Structure proposals must include an evacuation and emergency management plan. At a minimum, the evacuation and emergency plan must demonstrate that the

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evacuation route has been determined to not contain any other potential natural hazards, such as landslide or flood hazards, that could cause a blockage or destruction of the evacuation route during an event( i. e., seismic event triggers a landslide that results in the evacuation route becoming impassible). ii. A critical areas assessment is not required. G. Erosion

Hazard

Areas.

1. Designation. Erosion hazard areas are those areas identified by the U. S. Department of Agriculture' s Natural

Resources Conservation Service as having a" severe" or" very severe" erosion hazard. Erosion hazard areas are also those areas impacted by shore land and/ or streambank erosion and those areas within a stream' s channel migration

zone.

2. Development

Standards—

Specific Requirements. Uses and activities shall conform to the following

standards:

a. Protection of Erosion Hazard Area. Modification of topography and vegetation in an erosion hazard area shall be limited in order to preserve long- term stability of sensitive slopes, reduce erosion potential and stormwater runoff, and preserve related ecological values. b. Erosion Control Plan. An erosion control plan shall:

i. Demonstrate that development activities conform to existing topography of the site and minimize topographic modification, foundations conform to the natural contours of the slope and are

stepped/ tiered where possible;

ii. Demonstrate that roads, driveways and other vehicular access, trails, walkways, and parking areas are designed with lower gradients and/ or are parallel to the natural contours of the site; iii. Include stabilization best management practices( BMPs) such as temporary/ permanent seeding, mulching, geotextiles, sod stabilization, vegetative buffer strips, protection of trees and preservation of mature vegetation;

iv. Ensure all exposed and disturbed soils shall be stabilized by suitable and timely application of BMPs;

v. Demonstrate that no exposed or disturbed soils shall be allowed to overwinter without erosion

control BMPs in place;

vi. Preserve existing vegetation and undergrowth where feasible; vii. Ensure cut and fill slopes shall be designed and constructed to minimize erosion;

viii. Provide stabilization to adequately prevent erosion of conveyance outlets and streambanks; ix. Demonstrate that clearing, grading, and impervious surfaces shall be minimized. c. Seasonal Restriction.

i. Clearing activities that disturb the soil shall be allowed from May 1 st to October 1 st provided that the county may extend or shorten the dry season on a case- by-case basis, except that timber harvest, not including brush clearing or stump removal, may be allowed pursuant to an approved forest practice permit;

ii. Outside of the designated dry season, clearing activities that disturb the soil may occur only when

demonstrated by a qualified professional that no increased risk to erosion hazard and buffer areas will occur from clearing activities.

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d. Drainage Plan. A drainage plan shall be developed by a qualified professional that includes: i. Surface drainage, including downspouts,

shall avoid draining to erosion hazard areas. Drainage

originating above an erosion hazard area shall be collected and directed by tight line drain, and provided with an energy dissipative device for discharge to a swale or other acceptable natural drainage areas.

ii. The following uses and activities shall be permitted on severe erosion hazard areas only where analysis by a qualified professional

finds that such systems will not result in an increase in erosion. A

qualified professional shall design said systems. The qualified professional shall also provide verification to the county that the systems are installed as designed and function as predicted: A) Stormwater retention and detention systems, including percolation systems utilizing buried pipe;

B) On- site sewage disposal system drainfields. The septic system drainfield must be in

compliance with the regulations of the Cowlitz County Health Department or its successors; and C) Utility lines and pipes. H. Landslide

Hazard

Areas.

1. Designation. Landslide hazard areas are areas potentially subject to landslides based on a combination of geologic, topographic, and hydrologic factors. They include areas susceptible because of any combination of bedrock, soil, slope( gradient), slope aspect, structure, hydrology, or other factors. Examples of these may include, but are not limited to, the following:

a. Areas of identified landslide hazards, including: i. Those areas mapped by the Department of Natural Resources 2006 Digital Landslide Inventory and/ or shown on the Geologic Hazard Map of Cowlitz County( see CCC 19. 15. 110 for full map references). Landslide hazard areas are those areas shown with active or inactive landslides, active or

inactive scarps, and potentially unstable slopes; ii. Areas designated as quaternary slumps, earthflows, mudflows, lahars, or landslides on maps published by the U.S. Geological Survey or Washington State Department of Natural Resources; iii. Areas with all three of the following characteristics: A) Slopes steeper than 15 percent;

B) Hillsides intersecting geologic contacts with a relatively permeable sediment overlying a relatively impermeable

sediment or bedrock; and

C) Springs or groundwater

seepage;

iv. Areas that have shown movement during the holocene epoch( from 10, 000, ergo to the present)_

or which are underlain or covered by mass wastage debris of this epoch; vi. Slopes that are parallel or subparallel to planes of weakness( such as bedding planes, joint systems, and fault planes); vii. Slopes having gradients steeper than 80 percent subject to rockfall during seismic shaking; viii. Any area with a slope of 40 percent or steeper and with a vertical relief of 10 or more feet except

areas composed of bedrock. A slope is delineated by establishing its toe and top and measured by averaging the inclination over at least 10 feet of vertical relief. Slopes

n slope is delineated b-)

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Cowlitz County Code Chapter 19. 15 CRITICAL AREAS

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establishing its toe and top and is measuFed by a-veFaging the inelination( dividing the vertieal riseibythe

L.,,.-;.,,.

n to

n) over- at least

10 feet of ye f fic, l

A) Slopes ha-ving gradients steeper-than 80 per-cent or 39 degrees over-any distanee; of feet,( mo

t,..

he aFea

va „

F ,

nsolidate

ook;

ixvi. Areas potentially unstable because of rapid stream incision, streambank erosion, and/ or

undercutting by wave action; xvi-i. Areas that show evidence of, or are at risk from, snow avalanches; and

N44xi. Areas located in a confined stream channel or on an active alluvial fan, presently or potentially subject to inundation by debris flows or catastrophic flooding. 2. Development

Standards—

Specific Requirements.

Uses and activities permitted shall conform to the

following standards: a. Protection of Landslide Area and Buffer. The landslide hazard area and associated buffer shall be

protected from disturbance. Modification of topography and vegetation in landslide hazard areas shall be stringently limited in order to preserve long- term stability of sensitive slopes, reduce erosion potential and stormwater runoff, and preserve related ecological values. b. Buffers. A buffer shall be established from all edges of landslide hazard areas. The minimum dimension of the buffer shall be 50 feet from the edge of the landslide hazard area.

i. Buffer Reduction. The buffer may be reduced to a minimum of 25 feet at the sides of a landslide hazard area when a qualified professional demonstrates that the reduction will adequately protect the proposed development, adjacent developments, and uses and the subject critical area. No reductions are allowed for developments uphill or downslope from landslide hazard areas.

ii. Buffer Use. Where reduction of the buffer is not permitted, development encroachment within the buffer area may be allowed provided a qualified professional demonstrates that site alterations will not impact a landslide area and/ or the adjacent properties. iii. Increased Buffer. The buffer may be increased where the Director or a qualified professional determines a larger buffer is necessary to prevent risk of damage to proposed and existing development.

iv. The buffer shall be clearly staked before and during any construction or clearing. c. Design and Development Standards. Development or alterations within a landslide hazard area and/ or

buffer shall be designed to meet the following requirements.

Deviations from one or more of these

standards may be permitted where it can be demonstrated by a qualified professional that an alternative design provides equal or greater protection of the critical area and proposal. The basic development standards

design

are:

i. Structures and improvements shall be located to avoid landslide hazard areas and other critical areas; ii. Structures and improvements shall minimize alterations to the natural contour of the slope, and

foundations

shall be tiered where possible to conform to existing topography;

iii. Structures and improvements shall be located to preserve the most critical portion of the site and its natural landforms and vegetation;

iv. The proposed development shall not result in an increase in surface water discharge or sedimentation

to adjacent properties;

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v. Development shall be designed to minimize impervious lot coverage; vi. Vegetation Retention.

A) Removal of vegetation from a landslide hazard area or related buffer shall be permitted only

when approved by a qualified professional; and B) If the landslide area and buffer lacks adequate vegetation, a vegetation restoration plan or other slope stability measures may be required; vii. Seasonal

Restriction.

A) Clearing activities that disturb the soil shall be allowed from May 1 st to October 1 st; provided, that the county may extend or shorten the dry season on a case- by- case basis, except that timber harvest, not including brush clearing or stump removal, may be allowed pursuant to

buffer areas will occur from clearing activities; viii. Utility Lines and Pipes. Utility lines and pipes shall be permitted in landslide hazard areas only when the applicant demonstrates that no other practical alternative is available; ix. Drainage.

A) Surface drainage, including downspouts, shall not be directed across the face of a hazard area. If drainage must be discharged from the top of a hazard area to its toe, it shall be collected above the top and directed to the toe by tight line drain, and provided with an energy- dissipating device at the toe for discharge to a swale or other acceptable natural drainage areas.

B) Stormwater retention and detention systems, including percolation systems utilizing buried pipe, are strongly discouraged unless a geotechnical assessment indicates such a system shall not affect slope stability and the systems are designed by a licensed civil engineer. The licensed civil engineer shall also certify that the systems are installed as designed; x. Sewage Disposal Systems. On- site sewage disposal systems, including drainfields, shall be permitted within landslide hazard areas and related buffers only where demonstrated by a qualified

professional to not increase the potential landslide hazard impact to the proposed development or surrounding developments. 1. Critical

Area Assessment—

Requirements for Geologically Hazardous Areas.

1. Preparation by a Qualified Professional. A qualified professional shall prepare critical areas assessments

and

geotechnical reports. 2. Geologic Hazards Assessment/Reports. A geologic hazards assessment is required for all proposals within erosion hazard areas and landslide hazard areas. Where the applicant can clearly demonstrate to the Department through submittal of a geotechnical assessment that the regulated activity or any related site alterations will not impact a landslide or erosion hazard area or the adjacent properties, the requirements

for a geotechnical report

will be waived. A geotechnical report will be required when the assessment does not clearly demonstrate that the development activities do not impact the landslide and/ or erosion hazard area or the adjacent properties, the geotechnical assessment recommends additional geotechnical study, and/ or the development activity is within an identified active landslide hazard area. 3. Site Plan( s)—

Assessments and Reports. The following information shall be provided at a minimum:

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a. The type and extent of geologic hazard areas and buffers on, adjacent to, within 200 feet of, or that are likely to impact the proposal; b. Proposed development activity area, including the location of existing and proposed structures, septic drainfield and reserve areas, clearing limits, fill locations, storage of materials, and drainage facilities; c. Dimensions

of the proposed development activity to the property lines, critical areas, landslide scarp

and slide mass;

percent, 33 percent and 79 percent, and 80 percent or greater, including the height of slope, slope gradient, and cross- section of the project area;

e. The location and type of surface water runoff features including the location of springs, seeps, or other surface expressions of groundwater on or within 200 feet of the project area or that have potential to be affected by the proposal; and f. When site- specific conditions indicate the necessity, the Department may require the topographic

data to

be field surveyed.

4. Geotechnical Assessment. A geotechnical assessment is an overview of site conditions and a professional evaluation of the need for additional studies prior to development on the property. The geotechnical assessment is intended to be a limited study of geological hazards( i.e., landslide, liquefaction, erosion) at a site, and does not include the collection of any subsurface soil, rock and groundwater data. If determined to be necessary, the qualified professional will recommend the preparation of a detailed geotechnical report that includes the investigation of subsurface soil, rock and groundwater conditions to better assess the geological site hazards. The geologic assessment shall include, but not be limited to: a. A field reconnaissance

of the site and vicinity;

b. A detailed description of the project; c. Site plan of the area based on the criteria listed within subsection( I)(3) of this section, Site Plan( s)— Assessments

and Reports;

d. Feasibility of the site for the proposed development activity; e. A description of the surface and subsurface geology, hydrology, soils, and vegetation found in the project area;

f.A discussion of the project and its relationship to the geologic hazards found on site, which may include the type and extent of geologic hazard areas and buffers on, adjacent to, within 200 lateral feet of, or that are likely to impact the proposal or be impacted by the proposal; g. An overview of any field investigations,

published data, and references; data and conclusions from past

assessments of the site; and site- specific measurements, tests, investigations, or studies that support the

identification or lack of geologically hazardous areas; h. If applicable, an identification

of any areas of the site recommended

to be avoided by any aspect of the

or greater than the minimum established buffer or do not meet IBC setback requirements, foundation design, filling and excavation, erosion control, drainage and site preparations;

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k. Discussion regarding the need for follow-up studies that should be conducted, such as geotechnical engineering reports, additional subsurface exploration or more extensive soil reports; 1. Demonstration that all applicable development standards are met.

identified through the geotechnical assessment for further geotechnical analysis. It is the responsibility of the qualified professional to provide a report and design recommendations

that are appropriate for existing site

conditions and the proposed development. The geotechnical engineering report shall be completed and stamped by a qualified professional and shall present results and engineering recommendations. The geotechnical

report will include, at the minimum, the following:

a. The requirements b. Site

listed within the geotechnical

assessment criteria;

history— description of any prior grading, soil instability or slope failure;

Subsurface

data—

logs of borings, test pits, and other exploratory methods; soil and rock stratigraphy;

groundwater levels, including seasonal changes and laboratory tests; d. The

results

of any

laboratory tests— laboratory data and soil index properties for soil samples;

e. The effect construction and placement of structures will have on the slope over the estimated life of the structure;

f.Vulnerability of the site to erosion; g. The location, dimensions and estimated depth of any area( s) of slope instability on the site;

h. Description of analysis performed and results of that analysis; i. An estimate of the bluff retreat rate that recognizes and reflects potential catastrophic events such as seismic activity or a 100- year storm event;

j. Assumed or established site and subsurface conditions used in the slope stability analysis( e. g., slope dimensions of any landslides, thickness and strengths of soil and rock units, depth to failure plane if any, groundwater levels, etc.); k. Consideration of the run- out hazard of landslide debris and/ or the impacts of landslide run- out on

downslope properties;

1. Parameters for design of site improvements, including: i. Building limitations; ii. Suitability of on- site soil for use as fill; iii. Soil compaction criteria; iv. Proposed angles and heights of cut and fill slopes;

v. Appropriate foundations and retaining structures. These should include allowable bearing capacities and lateral earth pressures appropriate for the design of foundations and walls, installation considerations, and estimates of settlement performance; vi. Recommendations for drainage and subdrainage and utility line improvements for collection, transport, treatment, discharge, and/ or recycling of water, including consideration

of on- site septic

system disposal volumes where the additional volume will affect the landslide hazard area;

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Cowlitz County Code Chapter 19. 15 CRITICAL AREAS

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vii. Earthwork recommendations, including clearing and site preparation criteria, fill placement, temporary and permanent slope inclinations and protection, and temporary excavation support, if necessary;

viii. Mitigation of adverse site conditions, including slope stabilization measures and seismically unstable soils, if appropriate;

ix. Stability. A) For terrain containing no obvious instability or identified landslides, the proposed site grading or structures shall not reduce the existing slope stability on the development site or adjacent sites to less than a factor of safety of 1. 5 for static conditions and 1. 2 for dynamic conditions.

B) For terrain containing active or inactive landslides or for proposed structures, cuts, fills or

roads near designated or identified areas of instability, the proposed development shall not decrease the factor of safety below the limits of 1. 5 for static conditions and 1. 2 for dynamic conditions at or adjacent to the development location.

C) The Director may consider lower factors of safety, if the qualified professional provides

detailed explanation that satisfies the Director regarding why lower factor of safety values presents an acceptable level of risk to the development.

D) Designs that require regular or periodic maintenance to maintain their level of function are excluded from long- term slope stabilization measures. 6. Incorporation of Previous Study. Where a valid critical areas assessment or geotechnical engineering report has been prepared within the last five years for a specific site, and where the proposed land use activity and

surrounding site conditions are unchanged, said assessment or report may be incorporated into the required critical area assessment. The applicant shall submit a hazards assessment detailing any changed environmental conditions associated with the site.

7. Mitigation of Long- Term Impacts. When hazard mitigation is required, the mitigation plan shall specifically address how the activity maintains or reduces the preexisting level of risk to the site and adjacent properties on a long- term basis( equal to or exceeding the projected life span of the activity or occupation). Proposed

mitigation techniques shall be considered to provide long- term hazard reduction only if they do not require regular maintenance or other actions to maintain their function. Mitigation may also be required to avoid any increase

in risk

above

the

preexisting

conditions

following abandonment

of the activity. [

Ord.

16- 174 §

2( Exh.

A), 12- 20- 16.]

19. 15. 160

Critical

aquifer

recharge

areas.

A. Critical Aquifer Recharge Areas Designation and Classification.

1. Designation. Critical aquifer recharge areas( CARAs) are those areas with a critical recharging effect on aquifers used for potable water as defined by WAC 365- 190- 030( 2). CARAs have prevailing geologic conditions that create potential for contamination of groundwater resources. Aquifer recharge areas are rated based on water-bearing formation type, soil infiltration, soil restrictive layer presence, soil permeability, annual precipitation, water supply well density, and presence of Group A or B wellhead protection areas( WHPAs) are categorized according to the following standards and mapped on Cowlitz County CARAs Map: a. Severe Aquifer Susceptibility. Those areas within Group A 10- year time of travel wellhead protection areas( WHPAs) or Group B WHPAs per( WAC 246- 291- 125( 3)( ii)) where geologic conditions allow for

rapid recharge with little restrictive layer protection, high soil permeability, and other similar factors.

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Cowlitz County Code Chapter 19. 15 CRITICAL AREAS

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b. Moderate Aquifer Susceptibility. Those areas within Group A 10- year time of travel WHPAs or Group B WHPAs where geologic conditions allow for moderate recharge with moderate restrictive layer protection, moderate soil permeability, c. Slight Aquifer Susceptibility.

and other similar factors.

Those areas within Group A 10- year time of travel WHPAs or Group B

WHPAs where geologic conditions provide low permeability and infiltration, more restrictive geology, and/ or lower levels of precipitation.

d. If special groundwater management areas or susceptible groundwater management areas are established in Cowlitz County in accordance with WAC 173- 200- 090 or 173- 100- 010, respectively, these areas shall considered areas of special protection and designated with severe susceptibility. e. In the event that new Group A or Group B wells are developed in Cowlitz County, the areas around

those wells will be considered CARAs using the Cowlitz County CARAs Map in accordance with the severe, moderate, and slight aquifer susceptibility characteristics described above. f.If the 10- year time- of-travel area is unavailable or unmapped, the area shall be the Washington State Department of Health assigned area. 2. Exemptions.

Activities

that are exempt

from the requirements

of this section

can be found

in CCC

19. 15. 070,

Exemptions.

B. Mapping of Critical Aquifer Recharge Areas( CARAs). The approximate location and extent of CARAs are those lands meeting the classification criteria in subsection A of this section and mapped on the Cowlitz County CARAs Map. CARAs categories are based on an aquifer susceptibility index developed using the following data: waterbearing formation type, soil infiltration, soil restrictive layer presence, soil permeability, annual precipitation, and water supply well density. C. Critical Area Assessment— Additional Requirements for Critical Aquifer Recharge Areas( CARAs). In addition

to the general critical area assessment requirements of CCC 19. 15. 090( F)( 2), Critical Area Assessments, 40f CARAs must meet the requirements of this section.

1. Preparation by a Qualified Professional. A qualified professional shall prepare an aquifer-r-eehaFge areaCARA critical area assessment.

2. Level One Hydrogeologic Assessment. A level one hydrogeologic assessment shall include the following site and proposal related information at a minimum: a. Available information regarding geologic and hydrogeologic characteristics of the site including the surface location of all CARAs located on site or immediately

adjacent to the site, and permeability

of the

unsaturated zone;

b. Groundwater depth, flow direction, and gradient based on available information; c. Currently available data on wells and springs within 1, 300 feet of the project area; d. Location of other critical areas, including surface waters, within 1, 300 feet of the project area; e. Available historic water quality data for the area to be affected by the proposed activity; and f.Best management practices proposed to be utilized. 3. Level Two Hydrogeologic Assessment. A level two hydrogeologic assessment shall include the following site- and proposal- related information at a minimum, in addition to the requirements for a level one hydrogeological

assessment:

a. Historic water quality data for the area to be affected by the proposed activity compiled for at least the previous five- year period;

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Cowlitz County Code Chapter 19. 15 CRITICAL AREAS

b. Groundwater

Page 64/ 78

monitoring plan provisions;

c. Discussion of the effects of the proposed project on the groundwater quality and quantity, including: i. Predictive evaluation of groundwater withdrawal effects on nearby wells and surface water features; and

ii. Predictive evaluation of contaminant transport based on potential releases to groundwater;

and

iii. A spill plan that identifies equipment and/ or structures that could fail, resulting in an impact. Spill plans shall include provisions for regular inspection, repair, and replacement of structures and equipment that could fail. D. Development

Standards—

General

Requirements.

1. Activities may only be permitted in a critical aquifer recharge area C(ARA) if the applicant can show that the proposed activity will not cause contaminants to enter the aquifer and that the proposed activity will not

adversely affect the recharging of the aquifer. 2. The proposed activity must comply with the water source protection and recommendations of the Washington State Department of Health and the Cowlitz County Health Department.

3. The proposed activity must be designed and constructed in accordance with the locally adopted surface water management and/ or stormwater regulations. If no surface water or storm-water management regulations have

been adopted at the time of application, this standard does not apply. 4. Hydrogeologic

a. For

Assessment.

all proposed

activities

in a or-itic '

aquifer- ree-el ....^^

a-^ a-CARA with slight susceptibility,

hydrogeologic assessment is required unless requested by the Director. All activities must meet the requirements

of this chapter.

b. For all proposed activities

in a or-itic '

h -^^

aquifer --

CARA with moderate susceptibility, a level

one hydrogeological assessment is required. c.

For the following activities

two hydrogeologic

in a^

r-itio

l."

r-eeh

r-^^

afeaCARA with moderate susceptibility, a level

assessment shall be required for any of the following proposed activities:

i. Activities that result in new impervious surface equal to 15 percent or more of the parcel, or 15 percent or more of the sum total of the parcels impacted area; ii. The use of hazardous substances, other than household chemicals; or

iii. Any other activity determined by the Director likely to have an adverse impact on groundwater quality or quantity or on the recharge of the aquifer. d. Activities within a parcel that occur within one year of each other shall be considered to be the same

project and subject to the sum of the areas impacted. The period of occurrence shall be measured from the acceptance of one project to the vesting date of the next project. e.

For all proposed activities

two hydrogeologic

E. Development

Standards—

in a or-itie '

assessment

Specific

aquifer

eekaw ^^

r^^ CARA with severe susceptibility, a level

is required.

Uses.

1. Aboveground and Underground Storage Tanks and Vaults. Aboveground or underground storage tanks or vaults for the storage of hazardous substances or dangerous wastes as defined in Chapter 173- 303 WAC,

Dangerous Waste Regulations, or any other substances, solids, or liquids in quantities identified by the County

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Cowlitz County Code Chapter 19. 15 CRITICAL AREAS

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Health Department, consistent with Chapter 173- 303 WAC, as a risk to groundwater quality, shall conform to CCC 16. 05. 060, the International Fire Code, and Chapter 173- 360 WAC, Underground Storage Tank Regulations.

2. Vehicle Repair and Servicing and Accessory Uses. a. Activities must be conducted over impermeable pads and within a covered structure capable of

withstanding normally expected weather conditions. Chemicals used in the process of vehicle repair and servicing or accessory uses must be stored in a manner that protects them from weather and provides containment should leaks occur.

b. No dry wells shall be allowed in CARAs on sites used for vehicle repair and servicing. Dry wells existing on the site prior to facility establishment

must be abandoned using techniques approved by the

state Department of Ecology prior to commencement of the proposed activity. 3. Utility Transmission Facilities. Utility transmission facilities which carry liquid petroleum products or any other hazardous substance as defined in Chapter 173- 3 03 WAC may be permitted within severe and moderate susceptibility CARAs only when demonstrated by a qualified professional that the design, location, and monitoring of the proposed facility will not cause contaminants to enter the aquifer and that the proposed activity will not adversely affect the recharging of the aquifer. F. Uses Prohibited from Moderate and Severe Susceptibility

CARAs.

1. Landfills. Landfills, including hazardous or dangerous waste, municipal solid waste, special waste, wood waste, and inert and demolition waste landfills;

2. Wood Treatment Facilities. Wood treatment facilities that allow any portion of the treatment process to occur over permeable surfaces( both natural and manmade);

3. Storage, Processing, or Disposal of Radioactive Substances. Facilities that store, process, or dispose of radioactive substances, except for:

a. Medical equipment or materials that are used within a medical facility; and b. Medical waste as defined in RCW https://ww 70A. 390. 020 that is, generated within a medical facility and held for proper disposal. w.codepu

blishing.c om/cgibin/rcw.pl 19. 15. 170 Mitigation requirements. ?cite= 70.99.020 A. Impacts. The applicant shall avoid all impacts that degrade the functions and values of a critical area or areas. Ord.

16- 174§

2( Exh. A), 12- 20- 16.]

Unless otherwise provided in this chapter, all critical areas mitigation required pursuant to this chapter( either as a permit condition or as the result of an enforcement action) shall use the best available science in accordance with an approved critical area assessment, mitigation plan, and State Environmental Policy Act documents so as to result in no net loss of critical area functions and values.

Compensatory mitigation shall not be used to offset impacts to critical aquifer recharge areas ( CARAs). Such impacts

shall be avoided

and minimized.

B. Mitigation Timing. When a mitigation plan is required, the plan shall be approved by the Department prior to any site disturbance at the development site. The Department may seek assistance from resource agencies prior to making a decision.

It is preferred that compensatory mitigation projects be completed prior to activities that will impact wetlands. At the least, compensatory mitigation shall be completed immediately following disturbance and prior to use or

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Cowlitz County Code Chapter 19. 15 CRITICAL AREAS

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occupancy of the action or development. Construction of mitigation projects shall be timed to reduce impacts to existing fisheries, wildlife, and flora. The Director may authorize a one- time temporary delay of implementation of the mitigation plan, up to 120 days, in completing minor construction and landscaping when environmental conditions could produce a high probability of failure or significant construction difficulties. The delay shall not create or perpetuate hazardous conditions or environmental damage or degradation, and the delay shall not be injurious to the health, safety, and general welfare of the public. The request for the temporary delay must include a written justification that documents the

environmental constraints that preclude implementation of the mitigation plan. The justification must be verified and approved by the Director.

C. Mitigation Sequencing. Applicants shall demonstrate that all reasonable efforts have been examined with the intent to avoid and minimize impacts to critical areas. When an alteration to a critical area is proposed, such alteration shall be avoided, minimized, or compensated for in the following sequential order of preference: 1. Avoiding the impact altogether by not taking a certain action or part of an action;

2. Minimizing the impact( s) by limiting the degree or magnitude of the action and its implementation, by using appropriate technology, or by taking affirmative steps, such as project redesign, relocation, or timing, to avoid or reduce impacts;

3. Rectifying the impacts

and habitat eonso... a4ien ar-oas by repairing, rehabilitating, or restoring the affected environment histor4eal eanditions or- the conditions existing at the time of the initiation of the pr-qjeet-1

4. Minimizing or eliminating the hazard by restoring or stabilizing the hazard area through engineered or other methods;

5. Reducing or eliminating the impact or hazard over time by preservation and maintenance operations during the life of the action;

6. Compensating habitat, itat

for the impacts

and habitm,. ease...,atie.. areas by replacing, enhancing, or providing substitute resources or

environments; and

7. Monitoring the required compensation and taking remedial or corrective measures when necessary hazard or other requir-ed mitigation and taking remedial action when necessary. D. Type and Location of Mitigation. Compensatory mitigation for impacts to critical areas and their buffers shall be either in- kind and on- site, or in- kind and within the same stream reach, or subbasin, except when all of the following apply:

1. There are no reasonable on- site or in- subbasin opportunities or on- site and in- subbasin opportunities do not have a high likelihood of success; and

2. Off- site mitigation has a greater likelihood of providing equal or improved critical area functions than the impacted critical area; and

3. One of the following applies: a. Established watershed goals for water quality, flood or conveyance, habitat, or other critical area functions have been established and strongly justify location of mitigation at another site; or b. Credits from a state- certified habitat and/ or wetland mitigation bank are used as mitigation and the use of credits is consistent with the terms of the bank' s certification under Chapter 173- 700 WAC. E. Mitigation

Performance

Standards.

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Cowlitz County Code Chapter 19. 15 CRITICAL AREAS

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1. Mitigation sites shall be located to preserve or achieve contiguous wildlife habitat corridors to minimize the isolating effects of development on habitat areas, where applicable. 2. Mitigation of alterations to habitat conservation areas shall achieve no net loss of water quality, biological or hydrologic

functions.

3. The performance

standards set forth in this subsection may be modified at the Director' s discretion if the

applicant demonstrates that greater habitat functions, on a per function basis, can be obtained as a result of alternative mitigation measures.

4. Mitigation and associated buffers will take place on land controlled by the applicant, or the applicant may

obtain a written agreement from the affected property owner( s) that acknowledges any increased buffers and their impacts to the property( s). The agreement must be in a form approved by the Director and be recorded with the Auditor' s office.

F. Mitigation Plan Requirements. At a minimum, all mitigation plans shall meet the following standards: 1. A critical area assessment shall accompany or be included in the compensatory mitigation plan and include the minimum parameters described in CCC 19. 15. 090( F)( 2) and any of the additional requirements for these dependent on the critical area type. assessments r A qualified professional hired bye the Too...

appl, ant as r-equir-e in this ehapter-shall prepare the critical area assessment and the mitigation plan. The plan shall be acceptable to the Director.

2. In addition to the requirements of CCC 19. 15. 090( F)( 2) and any additional requirements applicable to the specific critical area Me, the critical area assessment shall include: a. The name and contact information of the applicant; the name, qualifications, and contact information for the primary author( s) of the compensatory

mitigation report; a description of the proposal; a summary of

the impacts and proposed compensation concept; identification of all the local, state, and/ or federal permits required for the project; and a vicinity map for the project. b. Description of how the development project has been designed to avoid, minimize, or reduce adverse impacts to the critical area( s) and buffer( s).

c. Description of the existing critical area( s) and buffers proposed to altered. Include an assessment of existing site conditions, which may include acreage( or square footage), water regime, vegetation, soils,

landscape position, and surrounding land uses. d. Description of the compensatory mitigation site, including location and rationale for selection. Include an assessment of existing site conditions, which may include acreage( or square footage), water regime, vegetation, soils, landscape position, and surrounding land uses.

e. A description of the proposed actions for compensation of the critical area( s) and buffer(s) affected bythe project. Include overall goals of the proposed mitigation. f. A description of the proposed mitigation construction activities and timing of activities.

R. Performance standards( measurable standards for years post- installation) for the critical area( s) and buffer( s), a monitoring schedule, a maintenance schedule, and actions proposed by year. h. A discussion of ongoing management practices that will protect the critical area( s) and buffer( s) after the development project has been implemented,

including proposed monitoring and maintenance

programs.

i. Cost estimates for the installation of the mitigation program, monitoring, and a contingency plan in the

event the stated performance standards are not accomplished. 3-2. The mitigation plan shall include:

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Cowlitz County Code Chapter 19. 15 CRITICAL AREAS

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a. Mapped, ground-verified edges of the Eexisting critical areas)4eatures and buffers) to scale, and where applicable):

i. Existing and proposed critical area acreage;

iii. Location of Eexisting flora and fauna;

hydFologie regime and pfoposed hydFologie regime foF enhaneed, er-eated, oF FestoFed mitigation areas--, v. Soil and substFate eonditions, topographic elevations;

iiivi. Existing and proposed site conditions adjacent to the critical area; b. vii-.Maps of the mitigation area to scale.;- a" viii. Written assessment of the mitigation area-,

b. A eantingeney plan in the event the stated objeetives are not aeeomplished-, c. A mitigation planting plan, drawn to scale, specifying plant species, quantities, locations, size, spacing and density.

d. If applicable, P-proof of ownership or written permission from the landowner for use of the mitigation site;

e. A description of impaoted functions and values, as well as a desoription of how those impacts will mitigated;

f-.The seleetion or-iter-iaused to identify an off site fnitigation site, if applieabk-,

eg. Detailed construction plans, including: i. The proposed construction sequence, timing, and duration; ii. Grading and excavation details; iii. Erosion- and sediment- control features; iv. A planting

plan speeifying

pla* t speeies,

quantities,

loeations,

si9!,—

i density; and-

v. Measures to proteet and maintain plants until established-,

i. A monitoring plan that outlines the schedule for site monitoring( for example, monitoring shall ocettr inthree, and five after site eonstraction) and describes how the monitoring data will be evaluat

to detelinine whether objectives are being met. A monitoring report shall be submitted in eaeh monito. year to doetiment monitored

for

be-

milestones,

fewer than five years

following

site„

nstf,

etion;

j. Where applicable, an evaluation of adverse impacts where mitigation measures will affect adjacent properties. 4. Buffer

and RHA Mitigation

Ratios.

Impacts

to buffers

and/ or RHAs

shall be mitigated

at a minimum

ratio. Compensatory buffer mitigation shall replace those buffer functions lost from development.

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1: 1

Cowlitz County Code Chapter 19. 15 CRITICAL AREAS

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5. Mitigation Monitoring. Mitigation monitoring shall be required for a period necessary to establish that

goals are not attained within the initially established monitoring period, the applicant remains responsible for managing the mitigation project until the goals of the mitigation plan are achieved. G. Alternative Mitigation Proposals. The Director may approve alternative critical areas mitigation proposals for mitigation projects of 10 acres or greater that are based on best available science, including but not limited to

activities such as advance mitigation and preferred environmental alternatives. Alternative mitigation proposals must provide an equivalent or better level of mitigation of critical area functions and values than would be provided by the strict application of this chapter.

The Director shall consider the following for approval of an alternative mitigation proposal: 1. The project area meets the minimum acreage criteria;

parcel size, stream type, wetland category, or geologic hazards; 4. There is clear potential for success of the proposed mitigation at the proposed mitigation site; 5. The plan shall contain clear and measurable standards for achieving compliance with the specific provisions of the plan. A monitoring plan shall, at a minimum, meet the provisions in subsection( F)( 5)( 2)( i) of this section;

6. The plan shall be reviewed and approved as part of overall approval of the proposed use; 7. A wetland of a different type is justified based on regional needs or functions and values; the replacement ratios may not be reduced or eliminated unless the reduction results in a preferred environmental alternative;

8. Mitigation guarantees shall meet the minimum requirements as outlined in subsection J of this section; 9. Qualified professionals in each of the critical areas addressed shall prepare the plan; 10. The county may consult with agencies with expertise and jurisdiction over the resources in the review process to assist with analysis and identification of appropriate performance measures that adequately safeguard critical areas. The county may incorporate those agencies' recommendations into their final project approval criteria.

H. Signs and Fencing of Wetlands and Habitat Protection Areas.

1. Temporary Markers. The outer perimeter of the wetland, habitat protection area, riparian habitat area, or buffer and the limits of those areas to be disturbed pursuant to an approved permit or authorization maybe teshall be marked in the field in such a way as to ensure that no unauthorized intrusion will occur, and such marking is subject to an inspection by the Director prior to the commencement of permitted activities. This temporary marking shall be maintained throughout construction and shall not be removed until permanent signs, if required, are in place. 2. Permanent Signs. As a condition of any permit or authorization

issued, the Director may require the

applicant to install permanent signs along the boundary of a wetland, habitat protection area, riparian habitat area,

or buffer.

a. Permanent signs shall be made of an enamel- coated metal face and attached to a metal post, or another

nontreated material of equal durability or as approved by the Director. Signs must be posted at an interval of one per lot or within sight distance of each other, whichever is less, and must be maintained by the

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Cowlitz County Code Chapter 19. 15 CRITICAL AREAS

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property owner in perpetuity. The sign shall be worded as follows or with alternative language approved by the Director: Protected

Critical

Area

Do Not Disturb

Contact Cowlitz County Building and Planning Regarding Uses and Restriction b. The provisions of subsection( H)( 2)( a) of this section may be modified as necessary to assure protection of sensitive

features

or wildlife.

3. Fencing or Barriers.

a. The D reeter mayAs a condition of any permit or authorization, to-regt4re— the applicant shallte install a permanent fence or natural barrier at the edge of the wetland, wetland buffer, or habitat protection area buffer,

when f neing

is neeessai-7yto

minimize

a. ti

et- adjacent activities could degrade the critical

area or its buffer. Natural barriers can include log fences, a five- foot-wide planting of native shrubs generally considered impassible, or other natural barrier approved by the Director.

b. The applicant shall be required to install a permanent fence or impassible natural barrier around the wetland, habitat protection area, or buffer when domestic grazing animals will be present on a site. c. Fencing or barriers installed as part of a proposed activity or as required in this subsection shall be designed so as to not interfere with species migration, including fish runs, and shall be constructed in a

manner that minimizes impacts to the wetland, habitat protection area, and associated buffer. I. Restoration. Restoration shall be required when a critical area has been altered by the landowner after the adoption of the ordinance codified in this chapter and prior to project approval or when a critical area is temporarily affected by construction or any other temporary phase of a project. J. Mitigation Guarantees. As part of the mitigation plan the Director may require a mitigation guarantee. The guarantee may include one or more of the following: 1. Deed Restriction. The applicant shall record a deed restriction in the County Auditor' s office declaring that

the mitigation area as shown on the exhibits of the approved critical areas permit will be maintained as prescribed in the approved mitigation plan, and that future development activities will not occur within the mitigation area, including the removal of native vegetation or disturbance of the soil.

2. Financial Guarantee. Financial guarantees ensuring fulfillment of the mitigation project, monitoring program, and any contingency measures shall be posted in accordance with the following: a. The financial guarantee shall be in a form of a surety bond, performance bond, assignment of savings account, or an irrevocable letter of credit guaranteed by an acceptable financial institution with terms and conditions acceptable to the County Attorney.

b. Bonds or other security authorized by this section shall remain in effect until the county determines, in writing, that the standards bonded for have been met. Bonds or other security shall be held by the county for a minimum of the length of the time specified for monitoring in the plan and shall be released after a request by the applicant and a final inspection, but may be held for longer periods when necessary. [ Ord. 16- 174 § 2( Exh. A), 12- 20- 16.]

19. 15. 180

Subdivisions

and short subdivisions.

A. The subdivision and/ or short subdivision of land where critical area and/ or associated buffers are present are

subject to the followiw`x' ithi, All Designated Gritieal Areas and n ssoeiate Buff

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Cowlitz County Code Chapter 19. 15 CRITICAL AREAS

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1. Land that is located wholly within a critical area and/ or critical area buffer may not be subdivided. 2. Land that is located partially within a critical area and/ or critical area buffer may be subdivided provided that

an accessible and contiguous portion of each new lot is: a. Located

outside

of the critical

area and buffer;

and

b. Meets the minimum lot size requirements of the underlyingzone. one. 1. For- new lots, applieants minimize

impaets

shall demonstrate

to eFitieal

that Feasenable

effoi4s have been examinedwith

the intent to avoid

areas.

2. Where avoidance of or-itieal areas is not possible, new lots with building envelopes( for-example: home, septic, and potable water- loemions), aeeess reads and utilities may be permitted within er-itioal areas provided an assessment by a qualified professional tffiat the proposal will not adver-sely impaot the oritical area or adjaoent pr-opefties.

3. When building envelopes and aceess roads or-utilities are pefmitted within a er-itieal area, the pr-qjeet fnay be

B. Erosion and Landslide Hazard Areas. Within erosion hazard areas and landslide hazard areas, subdivisions and

short subdivisions may be permitted, provided a vegetation, erosion control, and drainage plan is developed by a qualified professional and implemented as provided in CCC 19. 15. 150, Geologically hazardous areas. C. Critical

Aquifer

Recharge

Areas

CARAs .

1. Open spaces may be required on subdivision and short subdivision proposals overlying areas with moderate or

severe

aquifer

classification.

2. Community/ public water systems are encouraged and may be required where site conditions indicate a high degree of potential contamination

to individual wells from on- site and off- site sources.

3. It may be required that contaminants be removed from stormwater runoff prior to their point of entry into surface or groundwater resources in accordance with specific plans prepared by a qualified professional to include using available and reasonable best management practices by the Cowlitz County Engineer. D. Mitigation Guarantees. As part of the subdivision or short subdivision, the Director may require a mitigation

guarantee. The guarantee may include one or more of the following: 1. Deed Restriction or Covenants, Codes, and Restrictions. The applicant shall record a deed restriction or

include within the covenants, codes, and restrictions for a subdivision or short subdivision in the County

Auditor' s office a certification by the owner that the mitigation area as shown on the exhibits of the approved critical areas permit will be maintained as prescribed in the approved mitigation plan and that future development activities will not remove native vegetation or disturb the soil within the mitigation area without

prior approval of a critical areas permit. 2. Conservation Tract. The applicant shall record on the face of the plat for the subdivision or short subdivision a conservation

tract in accordance

with the approved

mitigation

area as shown

on the exhibits

of the approved

ensuring fulfillment of the mitigation project, monitoring program, and any contingency measures shall be posted in accordance with the following: a. The financial guarantee shall be in a surety bond, performance

bond, assignment of savings account, or

an irrevocable letter of credit guaranteed by an acceptable financial institution, or other form with terms and conditions acceptable to the County Attorney.

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Cowlitz County Code Chapter 19. 15 CRITICAL AREAS

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request by the applicant and a final inspection, but may be held for longer periods when necessary. [ Ord. 16- 174 §

19. 15. 185

2( Exh. A), 12- 20- 16.]

Public agency and utility exception.

A. If the application of the critical areas regulations would prohibit a development proposal by a public agency or utility,

the

agency

utility may

for an exception pursuant to this section. This chapter shall not be used to

deny a development proposal from a public agency or public utility, if: 1. There is no practical alternative to the proposed project with less impact; 2. The ability of the public agency or utility to provide services to the public would be unreasonably

restricted.

3. Any iMpact or alteration to the critical area and/ or critical area buffer is the minimum necessary as demonstrated through mitigation sequencing 4. The proposal attempts to protect and mitigate impacts to the critical area functions and values consistent with the best available science with the objective of no net loss of critical area functions and values; and

5. The proposal is consistent with other applicable regulations and standards.

B. Review Process. The Director shall approve, approve with conditions, or deny the request based on the proposal' s ability to comply with all the criteria in subsection( A) above. The burden of proof is on the applicant to provide adequate information for the Director to make a finding of compliance with the requirements of this section.

19. 15. 190

Reasonable

use exception.

It is the policy of Cowlitz County that private property shall not be taken for public use without just compensation having been made. The property rights of landowners shall be protected from arbitrary and discriminatory actions. To avoid the taking of property without just compensation, this section establishes a reasonable use allowance from standard critical area protection regulations. Reasonable use shall be liberally construed to protect the constitutional property rights of the applicant. If the application of this chapter would result in denial of reasonable and economically viable use of a property, then a landowner may seek a reasonable use allowance from the standards of this chapter. A reasonable use allowance is

intended as a" last resort" when no plan for mitigation and/ or variance to other local land use standards can meet the requirements of this chapter and allow the applicant a reasonable economically viable use of his or her property. A. Reasonable use allowances only apply to compliance with critical area requirements. applicant of the duty to comply with other local, state, or federal requirements.

They do not relieve the

B. The burden of proof is on the applicant to provide adequate information for the Director to make a finding of compliance with the requirements of this section.

used as a building site( e. g., recreational lots, including those platted as common area). D. Two sets of options are available under the reasonable use allowance. 1. Option

One— AdministrativeNo

a. The maximum impact area shall not exceed 10 percent of the lot area or 2, 500 square feet, whichever is cnn feet.^ deve opnw t greater; provided, that in no instance shall it exceed 4, 000 square

The Cowlitz County Code is current through Ordinance 25- 067, passed October 21, 2025.

Cowlitz County Code Chapter 19. 15 CRITICAL AREAS

square feet of development

Page 73/ 78

eonstfueted using low impaet development praetiees may be loeated in a

oritical area buff-en

b. The maximum amount of disturbance shall be limited to building footprints, the minimum walkways and driveways needed to access the property, associated utilities, and a 10- foot buffer around the building footprint.

The location

of allowable

disturbance

shall be that which

will have the least impact

on the

critical area and the critical area buffer given the characteristics critical

area

buffer.

development

and context of the site, critical area, and area of up to 1, 500 square feet of deve ^,. meat eonst-rueted using low

impaet development pr-aetiees may be located in a or-itieal area. c. On sites where the approved 4, 000 square feet of developable area is not immediately adjacent to a public or private road and an extended driveway is required, the driveway area necessary to connect the

developable area to the access point may be excluded from the 4, 000 square feet maximum disturbance. Extended driveways that result in critical area and/ or buffer impacts are subject to mitigation sequendMA

eombined

development

aFea of 2, 500 squar- e feet of low impaet

development,

than 1, 500 squar-e feet loeated in the er-itioal area and the balance located in the er-itieal area

with no more

•

With Mitigati . If,due to extraordinary circumstances, the ExtraordinM circumstances allowed use and maximum disturbance limits specified in subsection( D)( 1) of this section would preclude all reasonable use of a site, an owner of real property may apply to exceed those limits. An applicant may apply to 2. Option Two—

exceed the allowances specified in subsection( D)( 1) of this section even if the applicant acquired an interest in

the property after enactment of the restrictive regulations, but the extent of the regulation' s interference with reasonable investment- backed expectations shall be considered in light of the regulations that existed at the

time the applicant acquired an interest in the property. a. Up to 10 percent of the parcel, or up to one half aer-e, or the minimum necessaf), to alloW for-reasonable use of the propei4y, whichever- is more, may be developed if adver-se impacts to or-itical aFea fianctions and values are mitigated in accordance with GGG 19. 15. 170.

b. Low impaet development pr-aetiees are eneour-aged in all development under-the reasonable use allowanee

E. Review process.

Applications for reasonable use allowances under option one are reviewed and approved by the Director. 2. Applications for reasonable use allowances under option two are reviewed and approved by the Hearing Examiner. The Hearing Examiner shall take into account the restrictive regulation' s economic impact on the

property, the extent of the regulation' s interference with reasonable investment- backed expectations, and the character of the government action. F. Application for a reasonable use allowance shall include:

1. A description of the proposal, including the proposed site plan and construction staging for the proposal that will have the least impact to the critical area and critical area buffer;

2. Any related project documents such as applications to other agencies or environmental documents prepared pursuant to the State Environmental

Policy Act;

3. Required critical area reports, critical area delineations, and, for the" with mitigation" option 2, best available

science documents supporting the proposal; 4. A copy of proposed or approved stormwater and erosion control plans; 5. A narrative describing anticipated adverse impacts to the functions and values of critical areas, based on best available science, and explaining how the proposal meets the reasonable use allowance approval criteria;

The Cowlitz County Code is current through Ordinance 25- 067, passed October 21, 2025.

Cowlitz County Code Chapter 19. 15 CRITICAL AREAS

6. Demonstration

Page 74/ 78

that the proposal minimizes net loss of critical area functions to the greatest extent possible;

7. A site plan showing_ a. The critical

area, critical

area buffer,

and 10 foot buffer

described

in subsection(

D)( 1)(

a) of this section.

b. The proposed area of disturbance both on and off the subject propertypursuant to the disturbance area limitations of subsection( D)( 1)( a) of this section.

c. All proposed structures and improvements

meeting the conditions of subsection( DD)( 1)( a) of this

section, including:

i. Building footprints, including garages and other storage structures; ii. Parkin

areas; reas;

iii. Driveways;

iv. Paved surfaces, such as walking paths; v. Patios, decks, and similar structures,

vi. Utility, septic, and stormwater improvements; vii. Yard landscaping; viii. Retaining walls and rockeries; ix. All other hard surfaces including gravel; 86. Mitigation,

Monitoring

and Adaptive

Management

Plans. For- the" with

tigation"

option—,PPlans meeting

the requirements of CCC 19. 15. 170 for mitigating any adverse impacts or harm that would result in a net loss of the functions and values of critical areas, for monitoring the effectiveness of mitigation actions, and when necessary, for adaptively managing the mitigation project to ensure its success; 9-.

hrthe" with fnitigatien" op4en,-aA cost estimate, prepared by a qualified professional, for implementing

mitigation and monitoring plans; 109. Financial

Guarantee.

For the"

with

aA financial guarantee covering 115 percent of the cost of implementing mitigation and monitoring plans. This guarantee and the associated agreement must meet mitigation"

optio-

the requirements of CCC 19. 15. 170. G. Reasonable

Use Allowance

Approval

Criteria.

1. The application is complete and includes all applicable items listed in subsection F of this section. 2. The parcel

was

er-eated

before

the

etive

date

of the or-dina-nee,.,

difiea it this seetiandetermined to be a

legal lot of record or determined as being owned by an innocent purchaser, and was established as a building site.

3. The applicant is unable to meet standard critical area protection regulations and the application of CCC 19. 15. 060 through 19. 15. 180 would deprive the land owner of all economic or beneficial use of the property. 4. The need for the allowance is not the result of action by current or previous property owners after the effective date of the ordinance codified in this section( e. g., creating new parcels without a feasible building site or means of access).

5. Where possible, proposed development areas are located in such a way as to avoid adverse impacts to the functions and values of critical areas, considering the best available science.

The Cowlitz County Code is current through Ordinance 25- 067, passed October 21, 2025.

Cowlitz County Code Chapter 19. 15 CRITICAL AREAS

6. The proposed development meets the requirements

Page 75/ 78

of either option one ( no mitigation` or two( with-

mitigation).

7. The proposal is consistent with the requirements of subsections C and D of this section. H. Recording of Approved Allowance, Site Plan, and Notice to Title. The county shall require the owner to record a copy of the approved reasonable use allowance and site plan, along with a notice to title referencing the plan, in a form approved

by the Count

with the cost of recordation

included

in the application

fee. [ Ord.

16- 174§

2( Exh.

A), 12- 20- 16.]

19. 15. 195

Variance.

If the strict application of this Chapter is found to deprive the subject property of rights and privileges enjoyed by other properties in the vicinity, due to special circumstances applicable to the subject property, including size, shape, and topography, and reasonable use cannot be achieved through the process specified in CCC 19. 15. 190, a critical

areas variance may be authorized; provided, however, that those surrounding properties that have been developed under regulations in effect prior to the effective date of the ordinance codified in this Chapter will not be the sole basis for the granting of the variance.

A. A Hearing Examiner possesses powers and authority under this subsection as set forth in Chapter 2. 05 CCC. B. Critical areas variance procedures. 1. Upon receipt of a complete application for a critical areas variance, the Director shall set the time and place for a public hearing on the subject matter. 2. Written notice of the critical areas variance hearing shall be mailed to all landowners of record within 300

feet of the subject property. Said notice shall be addressed as shown on the current tax rolls and transmitted via U. S. mail not less than 14 days prior to the hearing date.

3. Notice of time, place, and purpose of the critical areas variance hearing shall be made not less than 14 days prior to the hearing date. A copy of the Hearing Examiner' s hearing notice shall be transmitted to the applicant. 4. The Hearing Examiner

shall, in making an order, decision, or termination,

include in the written record of

the case the findings of fact upon which the action is based. The Hearing Examiner decision shall be appealable

in the manner to a court of competent jurisdiction as proscribed by state law. C. The Hearing Examiner must ensure the opportunity for public comment, including that from appropriate Federal, State, and Tribal natural resource agencies, to ensure the use of best available science before deciding on variance requests and must develop and maintain a public record on each variance request which includes all findings, assessments and public comments. Such record must be made available to the public before the variance decision is made.

D. Variances to the setback and buffer requirements of this Chapter may only be issued by the Hearing Examiner if, based on substantial evidence in the record, the applicant has sustained the burden of proving the variance complies with all of the following criteria. The Hearing Examiner must make a finding for each of the requirements. 1. The variance will not be materially detrimental to public health, or injurious to property in the vicinity or

district in which the property is located; and 2. The issuance of a land use ordinance variance by itself will not provide sufficient relief to avoid the need for a variance to the dimensional setback and other requirements

for the critical areas regulated by this Chapter,

and

3. Preparation of a critical area assessment and mitigation plan by a qualified professional pursuant to the requirements of CCC 19. 15. 090( F)( 2) and with the additional assessment requirements listed for each

The Cowlitz County Code is current through Ordinance 25- 067, passed October 21, 2025.

Cowlitz County Code Chapter 19. 15 CRITICAL AREAS

Page 76/ 78

applicable critical area type found in this chapter. The critical areas report and mitigation plan must be prepared

using best available science; and 4. The conclusions of the critical areas assessment must use best available science to support a modification of the dimensional requirements of this Chapter; and

5. The critical areas assessment and mitigation plan demonstrate that the proposed project allows for

development of the subject parcel with the least impact on critical areas while providing a reasonable use of the property*,; and

6. The reasons set forth in the application justify the granting of the variance, and the variance is the minimum variance that will make possible the reasonable use of the land, building, or structure; and 7. The granting of the variance will be consistent with the general purpose and intent of this Chapter, and will ensure no net loss of ecological functions of the associated critical areas; provided, that if the proposal is within

the special flood hazard area, the applicant must demonstrate that the proposal is not likely to adversely affect species protected under the Endangered Species Act, or their habitat; and 8. The inability of the applicant to meet the dimensional standards is not the result of actions by the current or previous owner in subdividing the property or adjusting a boundary line after the effective date of the ordinance codified in this Chapter; and 9. The

r anting of the variance is justified to cure a special circumstance and not simply for the economic

convenience of the applicant; and

10. Reasonable use cannot be achieved through the process described in CCC 19. 15. 190.

E. In granting any variance, the Hearing Examiner will prescribe such conditions and safeguards as are necessary to secure adequate protection of critical areas from adverse impacts and to ensure that impacts to critical areas or their buffers are mitigated to the extent feasible utilizing best available science. The Hearing Examiner must consider and incorporate, as appropriate, recommendations from Federal, State, and Tribal resource agencies.

resource agencies. Such record must be made available to the public upon request. G. A variance will expire if the use or activity for which it is, granted is not commenced within three years of final approval by the Hearing Examiner. Knowledge of the expiration date is the responsibility

of the applicant.

H. Appeals of the Hearing Examiner decisions on variance requests must be made pursuant to the provisions of CCC 2. 05.

19. 15. 200

Appeals.

Any interpretation or decision made by the Director in the administration of this chapter is final and conclusive unless appealed to the Cowlitz County Hearing Examiner as authorized by Cowlitz County Ordinance No. 95- 193. Appeals of decisions made by other bodies shall be as directed by the appropriate county code governing the underlying action.

A. Any person aggrieved by a decision of the Director may, within 30 days following the date of the Department' s written decision, submit an appeal of the Director' s decision. The burden of proof in any appeal is the responsibility of the appellant. Any appeal shall be in written form and filed with the Department together with a fee as established by resolution by the Board. Any appeal shall as a minimum contain the following information: 1. An explanation and description of how the appellant is aggrieved;

The Cowlitz County Code is current through Ordinance 25- 067, passed October 21, 2025.

Cowlitz County Code Chapter 19. 15 CRITICAL AREAS

Page 77/ 78

2. A statement describing why the appellant believes the decision of the Director is in error and the specific relief sought;

3. A statement showing why upholding an appeal will not be detrimental to public health, safety or welfare, or significantly negate the functions of a critical area, the goals, objectives and policies of the Growth Management Act, and the purposes of this chapter; 4. A statement describing any mitigating measures the appellant proposes to assure that the function of the critical area will not be irrevocably jeopardized in the event the appeal is successful. B. Upon the filing of an appeal with appropriate fee, the Director shall set forth the time and place for a public

hearing before the Hearing Examiner on the matter. If the appeal is filed 20 days or more before the Hearing Examiner' s regularly scheduled monthly meeting, he/ she shall hear the appeal at that meeting. For appeals filed

within 19 days of the regularly scheduled monthly meeting, the Hearing Examiner shall hear the appeal in the subsequent month.

C. Notice of the time, date and place of the hearing shall be sent to the appellant and the permittee by first class mail prior to the public hearing. Legal notice of the hearing shall be published in a newspaper of general circulation and the subject property shall be posted with the notice not less than 10 days prior to the public hearing. D. Within 10 days after the public hearing, the Hearing Examiner shall issue a written decision, including findings of fact on which his/ her decision is based. Such written decision shall be available to the appellant and the public upon request.

E. The Director shall transmit the application and appeal information to the Hearing Examiner at least five days prior to the public hearing. The Director may provide additional information if the appeal contains material or facts not available prior to the Director' s decision. F. The Hearing Examiner shall determine if the appeal should be upheld, upheld with conditions, or denied. Any person aggrieved by the decision of the Hearing Examiner regarding a permit pursuant to this chapter may request relief from the Superior

19. 15. 210

Court of Cowlitz

Penalties—

County pursuant

state

law. [ Ord. 16- 174 §

2( Exh. A), 12- 20- 16.]

Violations.

It is a civil infraction for any person to violate this chapter or assist in the violation of this chapter. Violations are

subject to the provisions of Chapter 2. 06 CCC. Any violation is a public nuisance. Each day a violation exists is a separate violation. Payment of any penalty imposed for a violation does not relieve a person from the duty to comply with this chapter. [ Ord.

19. 15. 220

16- 174§

2( Exh. A), 12- 20- 16.]

Fees.

Fees, in the amount established by the Board of County Commissioners, shall be paid to the Department when an application

19. 15. 230

for

planning

clearance

and permit is filed. [ Ord.

16- 174 § 2( Exh. A), 12- 20- 16.]

Liability for damages.

This chapter shall not be construed to hold the County of Cowlitz, or any officer or employee thereof, responsible for any damages to persons or property by reason of the certification, inspection or noninspection equipment or property

19. 15. 240

herein authorized. [

Ord.

of any building,

16- 174 § 2( Exh. A), 12- 20- 16.]

Severability.

Should any section, clause or provision of this chapter or any code adopted be declared by a court to be invalid, the same

shall not affect the validity of the

remainder,

either

in whole

in part. [ Ord. 16- 174§

2( Exh. A), 12- 20- 16.]

The Cowlitz County Code is current through Ordinance 25- 067, passed October 21, 2025.

Cowlitz County Code Chapter 19. 15 CRITICAL AREAS

19. 15. 250

Effective

This chapter shall become

Page 78/ 78

date. effective

Decoy

bee 20 '

tiOctober

10, 2026. [ Ord.

16- 174 § 2( Exh. A), 12- 20- 16.]

1 See page 6 of" Priority Habitats and Species List," Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife, 2008, Olympia, Washington. 177 p.

The Cowlitz County Code is current through Ordinance 25- 067, passed October 21, 2025.

BOARD

OF COUNTY

COMMISSIONERS

COUNTY OF COWLITZ, STATE OF WASHINGTON ORDINANCE

NO.

Repealing and re- enacting Chapter 19. 15

Critical Areas" of the Cowlitz County Code WHEREAS, RCW 36. 70A requires that all governmental jurisdiction, cities and counties, designate natural resource lands and critical areas action to update its development regulations to ensure the regulations are in compliance with the Growth Management Act;

WHEREAS, RCW 36. 70A. 130 requires that Cowlitz County take legislative action on a 10- year interval to revise its policies and development regulations regarding critical areas adopted according to this chapter to ensure these policies and regulations comply with the requirements of this chapter;

with

WHEREAS, Critical Areas are identified as areas and ecosystems: ( a) Wetlands; ( b) areas critical recharging effect on aquifers used for potable water; ( c) fish and wildlife habitat

conservation

areas; (

d) frequently flooded areas; and (e) geologically hazardous areas;

WHEREAS, In 2016 Cowlitz County adopted an updated Critical Areas Ordinance, Ordinance No. 16- 174, providing for the designation and regulation of critical areas, Cowlitz County Code 19. 15; WHEREAS,

RCW 36. 70A. 172 ensures

all counties

and cities include the best available

science in developing policies and development regulations to protect the functions and values of critical areas;

WHEREAS, Cowlitz County reviewed the applicable Best Available Science for use in development

of the updated Critical Areas Code;

WHEREAS, Cowlitz County further seeks to improve the Critical Areas Ordinance to promote consistency, dependability and predictability within and amongst various sections of the County Code, and therefore desires updates that improve code administration and review process; WHEREAS, Cowlitz County held public participation meetings to gather public input including joint workshops with the Planning Commission and Board of County Commissioners, the Building and Planning Advisory Committee and Comprehensive Plan Steering Committee; WHEREAS, Cowlitz County Planning Commission held five public workshops and two open record public hearings to gather public input and refine the draft ordinance; and WHEREAS, The Cowlitz County Planning Commission voted to forward the proposed ordinance to the Board of Commissioners

Ordinance

Adopting CCC 19. 15

Critical Areas Ordinance

for consideration.

Page 1

NOW THEREFORE BE IT ORDAINED BY THE COMMISSIONERS OF COWLITZ COUNTY AS FOLLOWS: Section

BOARD

COUNTY

General Findings.

The purpose of this ordinance is to establish consistency with State requirements.

The proposed revisions reflect current State requirements, promoting consistency and predictability for the general public.

The updates are consistent with the intent of the Cowlitz County Critical Areas Ordinance.

Section 2. Repeal and Adoption.

Chapter 19. 15 of the Cowlitz County Code, entitled " Critical Areas" is hereby repealed, and re- enacted with the amendments attached hereto as " Exhibit A" and incorporated herein by this reference, is hereby adopted in its entirety. Section

Codification.

Only the Code amendments in Chapter 19. 15 as set forth in" Exhibit A" attached hereto, shall be codified from this Ordinance. Section 4.

Savings Clause.

Such repeals and amendments shall not be construed as affecting any existing right acquired under the ordinances or portions of ordinances repealed or amended, nor as affecting any proceeding instituted thereunder, nor any rule, regulation, or order promulgated thereunder, taken thereunder. nor the administrative action Notwithstanding the foregoing actions, obligations under such ordinances or permits issued thereunder and in effect on the effective date of this ordinance shall continue in full force and effect, and no liability thereunder, civil or

criminal, shall be in any way modified.

Further, it is not the intention of these actions to

reenact any ordinance or portions or sections of ordinances previously repeal or amended, unless this ordinance specifically states such intent to reenact such repealed or amended ordinances.

Section 5.

Severability.

The provisions of this ordinance are declared separate and severable. If any section, paragraph, clause, or phrase of this ordinance is for any reason held to be unconstitutional or invalid, such decision shall not affect the validity of the remaining portions of this ordinance. The Board of Commissioners hereby declares that it would have passed this ordinance and each section, paragraph subsection, clause or phrase thereof irrespective of the fact that any one or more sections, paragraph subsections, clauses or phrases may subsequently be found to be unconstitutional Section 6.

or invalid.

Effective Date.

These regulations are in the public interest and shall take effect 30 days after adoption by the Board of County Commissioners.

Ordinance

Adopting CCC 19. 15

Critical Areas Ordinance

Page 2

APPROVED THIS 1 Ith day of August, 2026, after public hearing pursuant to

Notice published in The Daily News. APPROVED THIS

DAY OF

2026

BOARD OF COMMISSIONERS

COWLITZ COUNTY, WASHINGTON

Richard R. Dahl, Chair

Steven L. Ferrell, Commissioner

Steve Rader, Commissioner Attest:

Clerk of the Board

Ordinance

Adopting CCC 19. 15

Critical Areas Ordinance

Page 3

Cowlitz County Code Chapter 19. 15 CRITICAL AREAS

Page 1/ 71

Chapter

CRITICAL

19. 15

AREAS

Sections: 19. 15. 010

Title.

19. 15. 020

Preamble.

19. 15. 030

Purpose

19. 15. 040

Authority and administration.

19. 15. 050

Definitions.

19. 15. 060

Applicability— Regulated activities.

19. 15. 065

Nonconforming

19. 15. 070

Exemptions.

19. 15. 080

Optional incentives for nondevelopment of critical areas.

19. 15. 090

Planning clearance and permitting. Relationship to other regulations.

19. 15. 100

and intent.

uses.

19. 15. 110

Critical area inventory maps.

19. 15. 120

Wetlands.

19. 15. 130

Fish and wildlife habitat conservation areas.

19. 15. 140

Frequently flooded areas.

19. 15. 150

Geologically hazardous areas.

19. 15. 160

Critical aquifer recharge areas.

19. 15. 170

Mitigation

19. 15. 180

Subdivisions and short subdivisions.

19. 15. 185

Public Agency and utility exception.

requirements.

19. 15. 190

Reasonable use exception.

19. 15. 195

Variance.

19. 15. 200

Appeals.

19. 15. 210

Penalties—

19. 15. 220

Fees.

19. 15. 230 19. 15. 240

Liability for damages. Severability.

19. 15. 250

Effective

19. 15. 010

Violations.

date.

Title.

This chapter shall be known and may be cited as the" Cowlitz County Critical Areas Protection Ordinance."

19. 15. 020

Preamble.

Cowlitz County is responding to the state mandates contained in the Growth Management Act, RCW 36. 70A.060, by developing and adopting the ordinance codified in this chapter, which classifies, designates, and protects critical

areas. Cowlitz County believes it important to strike a balance between critical areas protection, private property rights, and the need for economic development and diversification. The ordinance codified in this chapter has been

designed to encourage landowners to protect critical areas by offering a range of incentives intended to provide

equitably for such protection. In addition, it is the intent of Cowlitz County to actively and constructively assist the applicant in the preparation and processing of permits/ approvals/ plans/ requirements or procedures. The ultimate responsibility for providing complete and accurate application material and/ or required information falls on the applicant.

A limited amount of scientific data is available to address all critical areas within Cowlitz County. As more information

becomes

available,

it will be incorporated.

Cowlitz County Code Chapter 19. 15 CRITICAL AREAS

19. 15. 030

Purpose

Page 2/ 71

and intent.

the county finds that critical areas characterize certain portions of the county. These critical areas include: wetlands, critical aquifer recharge areas( CARAs), geologically hazardous areas, fish and wildlife habitat conservation areas, and frequently flooded areas. These areas contain valuable natural resources, provide natural scenic qualities

important to the character of the community, perform important ecological functions and values, or present a hazard to life and property. Identification,

management and protection of these lands and areas is, therefore, necessary to

flood and erosion control, aquifer recharge and discharge, shoreline

stabilization, research and education opportunities, and recreation.

2. Geologic hazards pose a risk to public and private property and to the natural systems that make up the county' s environment.

These lands are susceptible to landslides and erosion and seismic, volcanic, and mining

hazards. Building and development practices should consider topographical and geological features. Future development should be directed to more geologically stable areas and restricted on unsuitable ground. Regulating these lands, and avoiding or minimizing alteration of geologic hazard areas, is necessary to protect the health, safety, and general welfare of Cowlitz County' s citizens. 3. Critical aquifer recharge areas perform many important biological and physical functions that benefit the county and its residents, including but not limited to: storing and conveying groundwater. Protection of critical

aquifer recharge areas is, therefore, necessary to protect the public health, safety, and general welfare of Cowlitz County' s citizens.

fisheries.

1. Implement the goals, objectives, and policies of the natural resources element of the Cowlitz County Comprehensive

Plan;

2. Comply with the requirements of the Growth Management Act, Chapter 36. 70A RCW, and implementing rules and guidelines;

3. Implement the best available science, as defined by WAC 365- 195- 900 through 365- 195- 925, for protection in critical areas as appropriate to Cowlitz County pursuant to RCW 36. 70A. 172;

4. To protect all functions and values of critical areas to ensure no net loss of ecological functions and values of critical

areas;

5. Give special consideration to conservation anadromous

fisheries;

or protection measures necessary to preserve or enhance

Cowlitz County Code Chapter 19. 15 CRITICAL AREAS

Page 3/ 71

6. Coordinate Cowlitz County' s critical area protection activities and programs with those of other jurisdictions; 7. Coordinate environmental review and permitting of proposals to avoid duplication and delay; 8. Assist landowners by providing incentives for critical area protection. C. Compliance with the provisions of this chapter does not constitute compliance with other federal, state, and local regulations and permit requirements. The applicant is responsible for complying with these requirements, apart from

the process established in this chapter.

19. 15. 040

Authority and administration.

The ordinance codified in this chapter is adopted under the authority of Chapter 36. 70A RCW. All applications

under this chapter shall be made to the Department. It shall be the duty of the Director or his/ her designee to administer the provisions of this chapter, including preparation of application forms, administrative interpretations

and other actions

19. 15. 050

guidelines,

as appropriate.

Definitions.

For the purposes of this chapter, the following definitions shall apply unless the context clearly requires otherwise: Accessory" means a use, building, or structure that is subordinate to, and the use of which is incidental to, that of the main activity, structure, building, or use on the same lot or parcel. If an accessory use is attached to the main

building by a common wall or roof, such accessory building shall be considered a part of the main building. Active fault" means a fault that is likely to undergo renewed movement within a period of time of concern to humans. Faults are commonly considered to be active if the fault has moved one or more times in the last 10, 000

years, but faults may also be considered active in some cases if movement has occurred in the last 500, 000 years. Adjacent" means adjoining a critical area, and/ or within a distance where activities may affect functions and values of a critical area.

Agriculture"

or" agricultural activities" means agricultural uses and practices including, but not limited to,

producing, breeding, or increasing agricultural products including crops and livestock; rotating and changing agricultural crops; allowing land used for agricultural activities to lie fallow( plowed and tilled, but left unseeded);

allowing land used for agricultural activities to lie dormant as a result of adverse agricultural market conditions; allowing land used for agricultural activities to lie dormant because the land is enrolled in a local, state, or federal

conservation program, or the land is subject to a conservation easement; conducting agricultural operations; maintaining, repairing, and replacing agricultural equipment; maintaining, repairing, and replacing agricultural facilities; provided, that the replacement facility is no closer to the critical area than the original facility; and maintaining agricultural lands under production or cultivation. Alluvial fan" means a low, outspread, relatively flat to gently sloping mass of loose alluvium, shaped like an open fan, deposited by a stream where it issues from a narrow valley, or where a tributary stream issues into the main

stream, or wherever a constriction in a valley abruptly ceases or the gradient of the stream suddenly decreases; it is steepest near the mouth of the valley where its apex points upstream, and it slopes gently and convexly outward with gradually decreasing gradient.

fish" means any fish that spawns and rears in freshwater and matures in the marine environment.

Applicant" means the person; party; firm; corporation; Indian tribe; federal, state, or local government; or any other entity that proposes

any activity

that

could affect

critical

area.

Cowlitz County Code Chapter 19. 15 CRITICAL AREAS

Page 4/ 71

Aquifer" means a geological formation, group of formations, or part of a formation that is capable of yielding a

significant amount of water to a well, spring, or natural watercourse. 1."

Confined" means an aquifer bounded by formations of distinctly lower permeability than that of the aquifer

itself and that contains groundwater under sufficient pressure for the water to rise above the top of the aquifer. 2." Unconfined"

means an aquifer where groundwater is in a formation that is not bound by a formation of

lower permeability and in which the groundwater surface is at atmospheric pressure. Base flood" means a flood event having a one percent chance of being equaled or exceeded in any given year, also referred to as the 100- year flood. Designations

of base flood areas on flood insurance maps always include the

letters A or V.

Best available science" means current scientific information used in the process to designate, protect, or restore critical areas, that is derived from a valid scientific process as defined by WAC 365- 195- 900 through 365- 195- 925. Best management

practices"(`

BMPs")

means systems of practices and management measures that:

1. Control soil loss and reduce water quality degradation caused by nutrients, animal waste, and toxins;

2. Control the movement of sediment and erosion caused by land- alteration activities to protect water quality and slope stability; 3. Minimize adverse impacts to surface and groundwater quality, flow, and circulation patterns; and to the chemical, physical, and biological characteristics

of wetlands;

4. Minimize adverse impacts to the chemical, physical, and biological characteristics of a critical area; 5. Protect trees and vegetation designated to be retained during and following site construction

and use native

plant species appropriate to the site for revegetation of disturbed areas; and 6. Monitor mitigation measures to ensure that functions and values impacted by a project are provided and maintained.

Board" means the Cowlitz County Board of Commissioners. Buffer" means an area adjacent to a critical area that functions to avoid loss or diminution of the ecological

natural wetland, river, or stream characteristics; providing for habitat for lifecycle stages of species normally associated with the resource; and

disasters such as from landslide or flooding. Channel

migration

zone(

CMZ)"

means the area along a river within which the channel( s) can be reasonably

predicted to migrate over time as a result of natural and normally occurring hydrological

and related processes when

considered with the characteristics of the river and its surroundings. The channel migration zone does not include

to remain intact through

the 100- year flood.

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Clearing" means the destruction or removal of vegetation from a site by physical, mechanical, chemical or other means. This does not include landscape maintenance or pruning consistent with accepted horticultural practices that does not impair the health or survival of the trees or native vegetation.

Compensatory mitigation" means restoration( reestablishment or rehabilitation), establishment( creation),

enhancement, and/or in certain circumstances preservation of wetlands for the purposes of offsetting unavoidable adverse impacts that remain after all appropriate and practicable avoidance and minimization has been achieved. Conservation easement"

means an interest or right of use over a property, less than fee simple, to protect, preserve,

maintain, improve, restore, limit the future use of, or conserve for open space purposes any land or improvement on the land. Critical

includes

the following

areas and ecosystems: (

1) wetlands;( 2) areas with a critical recharging effect on aquifers used for potable water;( 3) fish and wildlife habitat conservation areas;( 4) frequently flooded areas; and area"

5) geologically hazardous areas as defined in RCW 36. 70A.030. Critical areas permit" means a written authorization issued by the Department of Building and Planning declaring that identified development or regulated activity complies with the provisions of this chapter. Critical facilities" include, but are not limited to, schools; nursing homes; hospitals; police, fire and emergency

response installations; and installations that produce, use, or store hazardous materials or hazardous waste. Critical aquifer recharge area" means are areas with a critical recharging effect on aquifers used for potable water, including areas where an aquifer that is a source of drinking water is vulnerable to contamination that would affect the potability of the water, or is susceptible to reduced recharge. Department" means the Cowlitz County Department of Building and Planning. Development" means a regulated project involving property improvement or a change of physical character within the site; the act of using land for building or extractive purposes. Development shall include, but shall not be limited to, the activities identified in CCC 19. 15. 060. For development in shoreline jurisdiction, refer to the definition of development"

in the Shoreline

Management

Program.

Director" means the Director of the Department of Building and Planning, or a designated delegate.

Diseased tree" means a tree that, in the opinion of the responsible official or an assigned expert approved by Cowlitz County( such as but not limited to a professional forester or landscape architect), has a strong likelihood of infecting other trees or brush in the area or becoming a hazard as a result of the disease. Erosion" means the general process or the group of processes whereby the materials of the earth' s crust are

loosened, dissolved, or worn away, and simultaneously moved from one place to another, by natural forces, which include weathering, solution, corrosion, and transportation, but usually exclude mass wasting( American Geological Institute,

1998).

Excavation" means the removal of earth material either by hand- held tools or machinery. Exempt" means an activity is allowed within a critical area or its buffer and is not subject to the policies, regulations or procedures of this chapter. For those activities that qualify for an exemption from the requirement to obtain a substantial development permit, please refer to the definition for" exempt" in the county' s Shoreline Master Program.

Exotic" means any species of plant or animal that is not native to the planning area.

Feasible" means that an action, such as a development, mitigation, or restoration project, meets all of the following conditions:

Cowlitz County Code Chapter 19. 15 CRITICAL AREAS

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1. The action can be accomplished with technologies and methods that have been used in the past in similar circumstances, or studies or tests have demonstrated in similar circumstances that such approaches are currently available and likely to achieve the intended results; 2. The action provides a reasonable likelihood of achieving its intended purpose; and 3. The action does not physically preclude achieving the project' s primary intended legal use.

In cases where this chapter requires certain actions unless they are infeasible, the burden of proving infeasibility is on the applicant. In determining an action' s infeasibility, the county may weigh the action' s relative public costs and public benefits, considered in short- and long- term time frames. Fill material" means a deposit of earth or other natural or human- made material placed by artificial means.

Filling" means the addition of soil, sand, rock, gravel, sediment, earth retaining structure, or other material to an area in a manner that raises the elevation or creates dry land from wetlands. Fish and wildlife habitat conservation areas" means those areas that serve a critical role in sustaining needed habitats and species for the functional integrity of the ecosystem, and which, if altered, may reduce the likelihood

that the species will persist over the long term. These areas may include, but are not limited to, rare or vulnerable ecological systems, communities, and habitat or habitat elements, including seasonal ranges, breeding habitat, winter range, and movement corridors; and areas with high relative population density or species richness. Fish and wildlife habitat conservation areas in Cowlitz County are designated in Table 19. 15. 130- A. Fish habitat" means habitat that is used by fish at any life stage at any time of the year, including potential habitat likely to be used by fish that could be recovered by restoration or management, and includes mainstem, side channel, and off- channel

habitat.

Flood" or" flooding" means a temporary condition of partial or complete inundation of normally dry land areas from the overflow of inland waters and/ or the unusual and rapid accumulation of runoff of surface waters from any source.

Floodplain" means the total land area adjoining a river, stream, watercourse, or lake subject to inundation by the base flood.

Formation" means an assemblage of earth materials grouped together into a unit that is convenient for description or mapping.

Frequently flooded areas" means those lands in the flood plain subject to at least a one percent or greater chance of flooding in any given year, or within areas subject to flooding due to high groundwater.

These areas include, but are

not limited to, streams, rivers, lakes, coastal areas, wetlands, and areas where high groundwater forms ponds on the ground surface. Functions and values" means the beneficial roles served by critical areas, including, but not limited to, water

quality protection and enhancement; fish and wildlife habitat; food chain support; flood storage, conveyance and attenuation; groundwater recharge and discharge; erosion control; wave attenuation; protection from hazards; historical, archaeological, and aesthetic value protection; educational opportunities; and recreation. Geologically hazardous areas" means those areas susceptible to erosion, sliding, earthquake, or other geological

Geotechnical assessment" means an assessment prepared by a qualified professional that evaluates the site conditions and the effects of a proposal, identifies mitigating measures to ensure that the risks associated with geologic hazards will be substantially reduced, and provides a professional evaluation of the need for additional of geotechnical assessments. studies. See CCC 19. 15. 150 for requirements

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Geotechnical report" or" geotechnical analysis" means a scientific study or evaluation conducted by a qualified expert that includes a description of the ground and surface hydrology and geology; the affected land form and its susceptibility to mass wasting, erosion, and other geologic hazards or processes; conclusions and recommendations regarding the effect of the proposed development on geologic conditions; the adequacy of the site to be developed; the impacts of the proposed development; alternative approaches to the proposed development; and measures to mitigate potential site- specific and cumulative geological and hydrological impacts of the proposed development,

including the potential adverse impacts to adjacent and down- current properties. Geotechnical reports shall conform to accepted technical standards and must be prepared by qualified professional engineers or geologists who have

professional expertise about the regional and local geology and processes. See CCC 19. 15. 150 for requirements of geotechnical reports.

Grading" means the movement or redistribution, including excavation or fill, of the soil, sand, rock, gravel, sediment, or other material on a site in a manner that alters the natural or existing contour of the land. Groundwater" means that part of the subsurface water that is in the saturated zone. All waters that exist beneath the surface or beneath the bed of any stream, lake or reservoir, or other body of surface water within the boundaries of this state, including underground streams, from which wells, springs, and groundwater runoff are supplied, whatever

may be the geological formation or structure in which such water stands or flows, percolates or otherwise moves. Growth Management Act" means Chapters 36. 70A and 36. 70B RCW, as amended. Note: Cowlitz County is not required and has not elected to" fully plan" under the Growth Management Act. Cowlitz County is required to plan for critical areas and natural resource land. Habitat conservation areas" means areas designated as fish and wildlife habitat conservation areas. See Table 19. 15. 130- A, Fish and Wildlife Habitat Conservation Areas, or WAC 365- 190- 080( 5)( a). Habitats of local importance" means those areas that include a seasonal range or habitat element with which a

breeding habitat, winter range, and movement corridors. These might also include habitats that are of limited availability or high vulnerability to alterations, such as cliffs, talus, and wetlands( WAC 365- 190- 030).

Hazard areas" means areas designated as frequently flooded areas or geologically hazardous areas due to potential for erosion, landslide, seismic activity, mine collapse, or other geologically hazardous condition. Hazard tree" means any tree which, in the opinion of the responsible official, an expert approved by Cowlitz County( such as, but not limited to, a professional forester or landscape architect), or a similar expert employed by

another public agency or utility, has a strong likelihood of causing a hazard to life or property. Hazardous substances" means any liquid, solid, gas, or sludge, including any material, substance, product, commodity, or waste, regardless of quantity, that exhibits any of the physical, chemical, or biological properties described in WAC 173- 303- 090 or 173- 303- 100.

Historic condition" means the condition of the land, including flora, fauna, soil, topography, and hydrology, that

existed before the area and vicinity were developed or altered by human activity. Hydric soil" means a soil that is saturated, flooded, or ponded long enough during the growing season to develop anaerobic

conditions.

Hydrophytic

vegetation"

means macrophytic plant life growing in water or on a substrate that is at least

periodically deficient in oxygen as a result of excessive water content. Impervious surface" means a hard surface area that either prevents or severely restricts the entry of water into the soil mantle.

Indigenous"

means any native species of vegetation, fish, or wildlife that occurs naturally on a particular site.

Infiltration"

means

the

entry( usually downward)

of water

into the immediate

surface

of soil.

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Infiltration rate" means the rate at which water penetrates the soil surface, expressed as velocity. The infiltration rate of a given soil varies under saturated and unsaturated conditions. Invasive" means a nonnative plant or animal species that either: 1. Causes or may cause significant displacement in range to, a reduction in abundance of, or otherwise threatens, native species in their natural communities;

2. Threatens or may threaten natural resources or their use in the state; 3. Causes or may cause economic damage to commercial or recreational activities that are dependent upon state waters;

4. Threatens or harms human health( RCW 77. 08. 010( 28)).

Lahars" means mudflows and debris flows originating from the slopes of a volcano.

Lake" means a naturally existing or artificially created body of standing water, including reservoirs, 20 acres or greater in size, which exists on a year-round basis and occurs in a depression of land. Landfill" means a disposal facility or part of a facility at which solid waste is placed in or on land. Landslide" means uncontrolled abrupt or gradual downslope movement of a mass of soil and/ or rock. Lateral spreads" are a type of earthquake- induced landslide. Areas subject to lateral spreading are typically gently sloping or flat sites underlain by liquefiable sediments adjacent to an open face, such as river banks. Liquefied soils adjacent to open faces may" flow" in that direction, resulting in lateral displacement and surface cracking. Liquefaction" is a process in which the strength and density of a soil is reduced by earthquake shaking or other rapid pressure. It occurs in soils in which the space between individual particles is completely filled with water( e.g., saturated soils). During an earthquake, the water pressure between the particles increases to the point where the soil particles can readily move with respect to each other, and thus the soil loses strength. Liquefaction can induce significant ground settlement, bearing- capacity failure, and lateral spreading. Management recommendations"

means recommendations

developed by the Washington Department of Fish and

Wildlife or other state or federal agencies to meet the goal of maintaining or enhancing the structural and functional integrity of riparian habitat and associated aquatic systems needed to perpetually support fish and wildlife

populations on both site and landscape levels. Mitigation" means avoiding, minimizing, rectifying, reducing, compensating, and/ or monitoring for adverse critical areas impacts induced from a project. See CCC 19. 15. 170 for mitigation requirements. Mitigation plan" means a plan that outlines the activities that will be undertaken to alleviate or compensate

for

project impacts. Mitigation plan requirements are found in CCC 19. 15. 170. Monitoring" means evaluating the impacts of development proposals on the biological, hydrological, and geological conditions of critical areas. Monitoring includes the gathering of baseline data and the assessment of the

performance of required mitigation measures through the collection and analysis of data for the purposes of understanding

and documenting

changes in natural ecosystems and features.

Must" means a mandate; the action is required.

Native vegetation" Natural topography"

means plant species that are indigenous to the area. or" existing topography"

immediately prior to any site preparation

means the topography of the lot, parcel, or tract of real property

grading,

including excavation

filling.

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Natural waters" means waters, excluding water conveyance systems that are artificially constructed and actively maintained for irrigation, drainage and/ or stormwater management facilities.

Nonconformity" means a legally established existing use or legally constructed structure that is not in compliance with current regulations. Nonindigenous. See" exotic."

Noxious weed" means any nonnative plant that, when established, is highly destructive, competitive, or difficult to control.

Permeability" means the capacity of soil or rock to transmit water. Planning clearance"

is the planning and environmental

review procedure required prior to acceptance of building or

septic permit applications on all developed or undeveloped lots, tracts or parcels. Procedures for planning clearance are outlined in Building and Planning Department Policy Number 120. 56 as it now exists, and as hereafter amended.

Practical alternative" means an alternative that is available and capable of being carried out after taking into consideration cost, existing technology, and logistics in light of overall project purposes. Primary association area" means the area used on a regular basis by, is in close association with, or is necessary for the proper functioning of the habitat of a critical species. Priority habitat" means habitat type or elements with unique or significant value to one or more species as classified by the State Department of Fish and Wildlife. Prohibited"

means forbidden by law.

Project area" means all areas proposed to be disturbed, altered, or used by the proposed activity for temporary soil stockpiling, etc.), permanent development activities( e. g., materials access, staging, construction

construction e. g.,

residential

homes,

driveways,

detached

garages,

decks,

fences,

etc.),

or regulatory

alteration(

e. g., rezoning

Comprehensive Plan designation change). For subdivisions, short subdivisions, binding site plans, planned unit developments, or rezones, the project area shall include the entire parcel. Provisions" means policies, regulations, or standards.

Qualified professional" means a person with experience, education, and/ or professional degrees and training pertaining to the critical area in question as described for each critical area below. Qualified professionals will also possess experience with performing site evaluations, analyzing critical area functions and values, analyzing critical

area impacts, and recommending critical area mitigation and restoration. The Director shall require professionals to demonstrate

the basis

for qualifications

and shall

make

final determination

to qualifications.

Demonstration

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qualifications may include, but not be limited to, professional certification( s) and/or recognition through publication of technical papers or journals. Qualified professionals for each critical area are as follows: 1. Wetlands. Biologist or wetland ecologist who has a bachelor' s degree in wetland science, hydrology, soil science, botany, ecology, resource management,

or a related field, from an accredited college or university; at

least two years of experience under the supervision of a practicing wetland professional; and has experience delineating wetlands, preparing wetland reports, conducting function assessments, implementing mitigation plans.

and developing and

2. Fish and Wildlife Habitat Areas. Biologist/ wildlife biologist/ stream ecologist/ habitat ecologist who has a

3. Geologically Hazardous Areas. a. " Geologist" means a person who has a bachelor' s degree in geologic sciences from an accredited college or university and at least five years of professional experience as described in WAC 308- 15- 040 and is licensed as a professional geologist in the state of Washington. The licensed geologist shall have demonstrated experience analyzing geologic hazards and preparing reports for the relevant type of hazard. b." Hydrogeologist"

means a licensed geologist in the state of Washington with a specialty license in

hydrogeology meeting the requirements of WAC 308- 15- 057. The licensed hydrogeologist shall have demonstrated experience analyzing hydrogeologic hazards and preparing reports for the relevant type of hazard.

c. "

Engineering geologist" means a licensed geologist in the state of Washington with a specialty license

in engineering geology meeting the requirements of WAC 308- 15- 055. The licensed engineering geologist shall have demonstrated experience analyzing geologic hazards and preparing reports for the relevant type of hazard.

d." Geotechnical engineer" means a person who has a bachelor' s degree in civil engineering from an accredited college or university and at least five years of experience as a practicing geotechnical engineer, and is a registered professional engineer in the state of Washington( meeting the requirements of RCW 18. 43. 040). The licensed engineer shall have demonstrated

experience conducting geotechnical

investigations, analyzing geologic hazards, and preparing reports for the relevant type of hazard. 4. Critical

Aquifer Recharge Areas(

CARAs)."

Hydrogeologist" means a licensed geologist in the state of Washington with a specialty license in hydrogeology meeting the requirements of WAC 308- 15- 057. The licensed hydrogeologist shall have demonstrated experience analyzing hydrogeologic hazards and preparing reports for the relevant type of hazard.

5. Frequently Flooded Areas.

a. " Hydrogeologist" means a licensed geologist in the state of Washington with a specialty license in hydrogeology meeting the requirements of WAC 308- 15- 057. The licensed hydrogeologist shall have demonstrated experience analyzing hydrogeologic hazards and preparing reports for the relevant type of hazard.

b." Fluvial geomorphologist"

means a person who has a bachelor' s degree in earth sciences from an

accredited college or university with applicable course work in fluvial geomorphology and at least five years of professional experience in fluvial geomorphology.

and is a registered

professional

engineer

in the state

of Washington(

meeting the requirements

of RCW

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18. 43. 040). The licensed engineer shall have demonstrated experience conducting, analyzing and preparing reports for hydraulic investigations. Recharge" means the process involved in the absorption and/ or addition of water to groundwater. Regular basis" means that the habitat area is normally or usually known to contain a plant or animal species listed by the state or federal government as threatened or endangered( critical species), or based on known habitat

requirements of the species, the area is likely to contain the critical species. " Regular basis" is species- and population- dependent. Species that exist in low numbers may be present infrequently yet rely on certain habitat types.

means an activity that restores the character, scope, size, and design of a serviceable area,

structure, or land use to its previously authorized and undamaged condition. Restore" means to reestablish or upgrade impaired ecological processes or functions. This may be accomplished through measures including, but not limited to, revegetation, removal of intrusive structures, and removal or treatment

of toxic materials.

Restoration" means measures taken to restore an altered or damaged natural feature, including: 1. Active steps taken to return damaged wetlands, streams, protected habitat, or their buffers to the functioning condition that existed prior to an unauthorized

alteration; and

2. Actions performed to reestablish structural and functional characteristics of the critical area that have been lost by alteration, past management activities, or catastrophic events. Restoration does not imply a requirement for returning the area to aboriginal or pre- European settlement conditions. Restoration, wetland" means the manipulation of the physical, chemical, or biological characteristics of a site with the goal of returning natural or historic functions to a former or degraded wetland. For the purposes of tracking net gains in wetland acres, wetland restoration may include one or more of the following elements: 1."

Reestablishment" means the manipulation of the physical, chemical, or biological characteristics of a site

with the goal of returning natural/ historic functions and environmental processes to a former wetland. Reestablishment results in rebuilding a former wetland and results in a gain in wetland area and functions..

Rehabilitation" means the manipulation of the physical, chemical, or biological characteristics of a site with the goal of repairing natural/ historic functions and environmental processes to a degraded wetland. Rehabilitation results in a gain in wetland area and functions. 2."

3." Establishment"

means the manipulation

of the physical, chemical, or biological characteristics

present to

develop a wetland on an upland or deepwater site, where a wetland did not previously exist. 4."

Creation" means the manipulation of the physical, chemical, or biological characteristics present to develop a wetland that did not previously exist at an upland site. Creation results in a gain in wetland area and functions. A typical action is the excavation of upland soils to elevations that will produce a wetland hydroperiod and hydric soils, and support the growth of hydrophytic plant species. 5." Enhancement"

means the manipulation

of the physical, chemical, or biological characteristics

of a wetland

to heighten, intensify, or improve specific function( s). Enhancement results in the gain of selected function( s), but may also lead to a decline in other function( s). Enhancement does not result in a gain in wetland area. 6." Preservation"

means the removal of a threat to, or preventing the decline of, wetlands by an action in or

near those wetlands. This term includes activities commonly associated with the protection and maintenance of wetlands

through

the implementation

of appropriate

legal and

physical

mechanisms

such

recording

Cowlitz County Code Chapter 19. 15 CRITICAL AREAS

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conservation easements and providing structural protection( such as recording conservation easements and providing structural protection like fences and signs). Preservation does not result in a gain of wetland area and functions( but may result in a gain in functions over the long term). Restoration, in- kind" means replacement of critical areas with substitute areas whose characteristics and functions

and values closely approximate those negatively impacted by a regulated activity. Restoration, off-site" means to replace critical areas away from the site on which a critical area has been impacted. Restoration, on- site" means to replace critical areas at or adjacent to a site on which a critical area has been impacted.

Restoration,

out- of-kind"

means

replacement

of critical

areas with substitute

areas whose

characteristics

do not

closely approximate those negatively impacted by a regulated activity. Riparian habitat" means areas adjacent to aquatic systems that contain elements of both aquatic and terrestrial

Seeps or springs" means a location where water emanates from the earth, often forming the source of a small stream. Seeps and springs are hydrologically

supported by groundwater and have a relatively constant water

temperature and chemistry. Springs differ from seeps in that they tend to have a more persistent water source and have fewer dry periods than seeps.

SEPA" means the Washington State Environmental Policy Act, Chapter 43. 21C RCW and implementing regulations in Chapter 197- 11 WAC.

Serviceable" means presently usable.

Setback" means the distance an activity, building, or structure must be located from a critical area or its buffer. Shall" means a mandate; the action must be done.

Should" means that the particular action is required unless there is a demonstrated, compelling reason against taking the action.

way under the applicant' s ownership or control where the proposed project occurs. Site class" refers to a classification system for evaluating the potential for soils to amplify ground shaking during an

earthquake.

The

classification

is based

upon

the

average

shear-

wave

velocity in the

upper

100 feet of the soil-

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rock column. Shear waves are the earthquake waves that create the strongest horizontal shaking and are the most damaging to buildings and structures. Slope" means an inclined earth surface, the inclination of which is expressed as the ratio of horizontal distance to

vertical distance. In these regulations,

slopes are generally expressed as a percentage; percentage of slope refers to a

common slope gradients and various description methods: Table 19. 15. 050. Common

Rise: Run

Engineering Ratio( H: V)

(

V: H)

Slope Gradients

Percent

Angle Degrees)

1: 1

100: 100

100%

45 deg.

1. 25: 1

80: 100

80%

39 deg.

2: 1

50: 100

50%

27 deg.

2. 5: 1

40: 100

40%

22 deg.

3: 1

33: 100

33%

18 deg.

4: 1

25: 100

25%

14 deg.

5: 1

20: 100

20%

11 deg.

For example, a slope that rises 40 feet over a horizontal distance( run) of 100 feet can be referred to as being a 2. 5: 1 H: V) slope; having an angle of 22 degrees; or being a 40 percent slope.

Snag" means any dead, partially dead, or defective( cull) tree at least 10 feet tall and 12 inches in diameter at breast height.

Snag- rich areas" means areas with 10 or more snags per acre. Soil survey" means the most recent soil survey for the local area or county by the National Resources Conservation Service,

U. S. Department

of Agriculture.

Soil with severe erosion hazard" means any soil type indicated as having a degree of hazard or limitation of severe

or very severe according to the soil survey. Species, endangered" means any plant, fish, or wildlife species that is threatened with extinction throughout all or a significant portion of its range and is listed by the state or federal government as an endangered species( see Table 19. 15. 130- A).

Species of local importance" means those species of local concern due to their population status or their sensitivity to habitat manipulation( see Table 19. 15. 130- A).

Species, sensitive"

means species native to Washington that are vulnerable or declining, and are likely to become

endangered or threatened in a significant portion of their ranges within the state without cooperative management or the

removal

of threats(

see

Table

19. 15. 130- A).

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Species, threatened" means any plant, fish, or wildlife species that is likely to become an endangered species within the foreseeable future throughout a significant portion of its range without cooperative management or removal of threats, and is listed by the state or federal government as a threatened species( see Table 19. 15. 130- A). Spring. See" seeps or springs." Stream. See" watercourse."

Subbasin" means the drainage area of the highest order stream containing the subject property impact area. Subdivision"

means a division of land into five or more lots, tracts, parcels, sites, or divisions for the purpose of

sale, lease or transfer of ownership, and shall include all resubdivision of land. Surface water" means water that flows across the land surface, in channels, or is contained in depressions in the

land surface, including but not limited to ponds, lakes, rivers, streams, and wetlands.

Upland" means the land area above and landward of the ordinary high water mark or any area that does not qualify as a wetland.

the county' s Shoreline Master Program for variance requirements and procedures. Vessel" means any contrivance used or designated for navigation on water, except a seaplane when operated on the waters of this county. Vulnerability"

means the state of being capable of or susceptible to being injured.

Water- dependent use" means a use or portion of a use that cannot exist in a location that is not adjacent to the water, but is dependent on the water by reason of the intrinsic nature of its operations; a use that can be carried out only on, in, or adjacent to the water. Water table" means that surface in an unconfined aquifer at which the pressure is atmospheric.

Water typing system" means waters classified according to the Washington Department of Natural Resources, WAC 222- 16- 031 ( see CCC

19. 15. 130).

Watercourse" means any portion of a channel, bed, bank, or bottom waterward of the ordinary high water line of waters of the state, including areas in which fish may spawn, reside, or through which they may pass, and tributary

waters with defined beds or banks, that influence the quality of fish habitat downstream. This definition includes watercourses that flow on an intermittent basis or that fluctuate in level during the year and applies to the entire bed of such watercourse whether or not the water is at peak level. This definition does not include irrigation ditches,

Cowlitz County Code Chapter 19. 15 CRITICAL AREAS

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canals, stormwater runoff devices, drainage ditches maintained by diking districts and similar public agencies, or other entirely artificial watercourses. Wellhead

protection

area(

WHPA)"

means protective areas associated with public drinking water sources

established by water systems and approved or assigned by the state department of health. Wetland" means areas that are inundated or saturated by surface water or groundwater at a frequency and duration

sufficient to support, and that under normal circumstances do support, a prevalence of vegetation typically adapted for life in saturated soil conditions. Wetlands generally include swamps, marshes, bogs and similar areas. Wetlands

do not include those artificial wetlands intentionally created from nonwetland sites, including but not limited to irrigation and drainage ditches, grass- lined swales, canals, detention facilities, wastewater treatment facilities, farm ponds and landscape amenities, or those wetlands created after July 1, 1990, that were unintentionally created as a result of the construction of a road, street or highway. Wetlands include artificial wetlands intentionally created from nonwetland areas to mitigate conversion of wetlands. Wetlands are delineated in accordance with the approved

federal wetland delineation manual and applicable regional supplements. Three general types of wetlands are emergent, forested and scrub- shrub: 1." Emergent wetland" means a wetland with at least 30 percent of the surface area covered by erect, rooted, herbaceous vegetation extending above the water surface as the uppermost vegetative stratum. 2."

Forested wetland" means a wetland with at least 30 percent of the surface area covered by woody

vegetation greater than 20 feet in height that is at least partially rooted within the wetland. 3."

Scrub- shrub wetland" means a wetland with at least 30 percent of its surface area covered by woody

vegetation less than 20 feet in height as the uppermost stratum.

Wetland mitigation bank" A site or suite of sites where resources are restored, created, enhanced, and/ or preserved, for the purpose of providing compensatory mitigation in advance of or to compensate for authorized for impacts to similar resources. In general, a mitigation bank sells compensatory mitigation credits to permittees whose obligation to provide compensatory mitigation is then transferred to the mitigation bank sponsor. The operation and use of a mitigation bank are governed by a mitigation banking instrument. Wetland mosaic" means an area with a concentration

of multiple small wetlands, in which each patch of wetland is

less than one acre; patches are less than 100 feet from each other; and areas delineated as wetland are more than 50% of the total area of the entire mosaic, including uplands and open water. Wetland types" or" wetland classes" means the descriptive classes of the wetlands taxonomic classification system of the U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service( Cowardin, et al., 1979).

19. 15. 060

Applicability— Regulated activities.

A. All persons proposing a use or development in critical areas or their buffers shall first obtain a critical areas permit pursuant to this chapter, except as identified pursuant to CCC 19. 15. 070.

B. Uses and development activities shall include, but are not limited to, the following: 1. Removing, clearing, grading, excavating, disturbing, or dredging soil, sand, gravel, minerals, organic matter or

materials

of any kind;

Cowlitz County Code Chapter 19. 15 CRITICAL AREAS

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2. Dumping, discharging, or filling with any material; 3. Subdivisions,

short subdivisions, planned unit developments(

4. Construction,

reconstruction,

PUDs), mobile home parks, and RV parks;

demolition, or alteration of the size of any structure or infrastructure;

5. Construction of any new public or private road or driveway; 6. Destroying or altering vegetation through clearing, harvesting, cutting, intentional burning, shading, or planting nonnative species where these activities would alter the character of a critical area, or its buffer; provided, that these activities are not part of a forest practice governed under Chapter 76. 09 RCW and its rules;

7. Draining, flooding, or altering the water level, duration of inundation, or water table; 8. Activities causing significant adverse changes in water temperature, or physical or chemical changes of water sources to wetlands or surface water systems;

9. Application of pesticides, fertilizers, and/ or other chemicals in amounts or at times demonstrated as harmful to water quality, wetland habitat, riparian corridors associated with surface water systems, or wildlife or fish life;

10. The driving of pilings; 11. The placing of obstructions; 12. Other uses or development that results in an ecological impact to the physical, chemical, or biological characteristics of wetlands; or

Nonconforming

uses and structures.

s/WA/R CW/90. 58.065

A. A nonconforming use or structure may be continued and maintained in reasonable repair; provided, that it is not enlarged, intensified, increased, or altered in any way that increases its nonconformity. B. A nonconforming single- family residence or accessory structure not located in a frequently flooded area or active landslide hazard area or buffer may be enlarged a single time, by up to 25 percent of the existing building footprint, not to exceed 500 square feet. Such enlargement shall extend away from or parallel to the critical area and/ or buffer.

C. If a nonconforming use is not active for a period of one year, it shall be deemed discontinued. A discontinued nonconforming use cannot be resumed. Any further use of the property must conform to the provisions of this chapter.

D. A nonconforming

use cannot be changed to another nonconforming

use without full compliance with this

chapter.

permit submittal.

Cowlitz County Code Chapter 19. 15 CRITICAL AREAS

19. 15. 070

Page 17/ 71

Exemptions.

The following activities shall be exempt from the provisions of this chapter: A. The policies, regulations, and procedures of this chapter do not apply to those activities and uses conducted pursuant to the Washington State Forest Practices Act and its rules and regulations, Chapter 76. 09 RCW and WAC

Title 222, where state law specifically limits local authority, except with regard to developments and conversions requiring local approval, when the county is the lead agency for environmental

review.

B. Existing and ongoing agricultural activities, as defined in this chapter and RCW https:// 90. 58. 065, are managed by the Cowlitz County Voluntary Stewardship Program( VSP), and not regulated by this Title. municip

al.code s/WA/R any such facilities does not extend outside the footprint of the existing development, and only when replacement of CW/90. facilities within a watercourse, wetland, naturally occurring pond, or associated buffer will result in no additional 58.065 disturbance of any critical area or buffer: C. Maintenance, operation, repair, reconstruction, or replacement of the following; provided, that reconstruction of

1. Existing structures; 2. Existing public and private roads, streets, driveways; and 3. Existing utility lines, public and private stormwater detention facilities, wastewater treatment facilities, grass- lined swales, instream detention facilities, and flood- control and diking facilities.

D. Any interior remodeling construction in residential and nonresidential structures that does not involve alteration to the building footprint, ground disturbance, or increased impervious surfaces. E. Installation, construction, or replacement of utility lines in an improved county right- of-way, not including electric substations.

24, 1996, or when disturbance was approved via a critical areas permit after July 24, 1996; provided, that no further disturbance

is created.

G. The following vegetation removal activities: 1. The removal with hand labor and low- impact equipment of any invasive vegetation designated by the Cowlitz County Weed Control Board and in addition: English ivy( Hedera helix); Himalayan blackberry

Rubus armeniacus); evergreen blackberry( Rubus laciniatus); giant knotweed( Polygonum sachalinense); Himalayan knotweed( Polygonum polystachyum);

and Japanese knotweed( Polygonum cuspidatum).

disposed of according to a noxious weed control plan appropriate to that species. b. If removal of invasive vegetation occurs in wetlands or other water bodies, use of chemical herbicides is

allowed only when using those approved by the United States Environmental Protection Agency for application in aquatic environments.

c. Aquatic herbicides can be used or applied only by certified applicators or persons under the direct supervision of a certified applicator, and only for those uses covered by the certified applicator' s license category. Applicators are required to be permitted under Ecology' s noxious weed control permit. Applicators shall comply with all conditions of the noxious weed control permit. d. Revegetation with appropriate native species at natural densities is allowed and encouraged in

conjunction with removal of invasive plant species. 2. The removal

of hazard

diseased

trees from critical

areas

and buffers;

provided,

that:

Cowlitz County Code Chapter 19. 15 CRITICAL AREAS

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a. Planning clearance is obtained from Cowlitz County prior to tree removal, except in cases of imminent threat, danger, or serious environmental degradation as described in subsection( G)( 2)( g) of this section; b. Where the hazard is not immediately apparent to the Director or their designee, the applicant shall submit a report from a certified arborist, registered landscape architect, or professional forester that

area or buffer unless removal is warranted due to the potential for disease or pest transmittal to other

location if it can be determined that planting in the same location would create a new hazard or potentially damage the critical area. Replacement trees shall be of a native species, appropriate to the surrounding habitat type, and of a minimum 15- gallon pot size or equivalent balled or burlapped stock and four feet in height;

compliance with the provisions of

this title.

3. Measures to control a fire or halt the spread of disease or damaging insects consistent with the State Forest Practices Act, Chapter 76. 09 RCW; provided, that the removed vegetation shall be replaced in kind or with similar native species within one year in accordance with an approved restoration plan. H. Minimal site investigative work required for a future development or associated with scientific or archaeological

research, such as surveys, soil explorations, percolation tests, and other related activities; provided, that impacts on critical areas are minimized, and disturbed areas are restored to the preexisting level of function and value as soon as

possible, and at most within one year after investigative work is concluded. I. Passive recreational uses, sport fishing or hunting, scientific or educational review, or similar minimum- impact, nondevelopment

activities such as conservation or preservation

of soil, water, vegetation, fish, shellfish, and other

wildlife.

critical habitat shall be regulated according to the mitigation plan. L. Activities occurring in nonregulated wetlands. Shoreline, state, and federal regulations may apply to wetlands not regulated under this chapter. No wetlands are exempt within shoreline jurisdiction. N. Fish habitat enhancement projects, watershed restoration projects, and plans in compliance with WAC 173- 27040 shall be exempt from this chapter.

Cowlitz County Code Chapter 19. 15 CRITICAL AREAS

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O. The following activities within geologically hazardous areas: 1. Landslide Hazard Areas. When not within an active landslide: a. Patios, decks, and wheelchair ramps;

structures not requiring a building permit and where grading does not exceed 10 cubic

yards;

critical area assessment provided they meet the performance standards and other development provisions of this chapter.

P. The following activities within critical aquifer recharge areas( CARAs): 1. Construction of, additions to, and improvements to single- family residential structures that do not result in a change of use or increase the use of a hazardous substance.

3. On- site domestic septic systems in conjunction with a new single- family residential structure and/ or normal

residential appurtenances, provided they comply with Chapter 246- 272 WAC. Q. Any projects currently under review and" vested" as that term is used in RCW 19.27. 095 and 58. 17. 033 by local, state, or federal agencies prior to official adoption of the ordinance codified in this chapter are exempt from this chapter and will be processed under previous critical areas protection measures.

environmental

degradation.

The person or agency undertaking

such action shall notify the Department within one working day following the

to apply for a critical

areas

permit.

Cowlitz County Code Chapter 19. 15 CRITICAL AREAS

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Optional incentives for nondevelopment of critical areas.

19. 15. 080

B. Open Space. Any person who owns property containing all or portions of an identified critical area as defined by this chapter may apply for current use assessment pursuant to Chapter 18. 52 CCC, Open Space Rating Ordinance, and Chapter

84. 34 RCW, Open

Space,

and Timber Lands— Current

Agriculture,

Use Assessment—

Conservation

Futures. The Open Space Tax Act allows Cowlitz County to designate lands that should be taxed at their current use value. The county has programs for agricultural lands, small forest lands less than 20 acres in size, and other open

spaces. Cowlitz County has adopted a public benefit rating system that classifies properties on the basis of their relative importance of natural and cultural resources, the availability of public access, and the presence of a

conservation easement. These features are given a point value, and the total point value determines the property tax reduction. The open space program has property tax reductions of 50, 70, or 90 percent. Lands with wetlands or an

important habitat or species would commonly qualify for this voluntary program. The Board at a public meeting reviews and makes a decision on applications.

C. Conservation Easement. Any person who owns property containing all or portions of an identified critical area as defined by this chapter shall be entitled to place a conservation

easement over that portion of the property designated

a critical area by naming a qualified third party designee under RCW 64. 04. 130, Interests in land for purposes of conservation, protection,

etc.—

preservation,

Ownership by certain entities— Conveyances,

as beneficiary of the

conservation easement. The purpose of the conservation easement shall be to protect, preserve, maintain, restore, limit the future use of, or conserve for open space purposes the land designated as critical area( s), in accordance with RCW 64. 04. 130.

D. Density Transfer for Planned Unit Developments(

PUDs). The county shall allow transfer of density for

residential uses from lands containing critical areas, as defined by this chapter, when developed pursuant to Chapter 18. 30 CCC, Planned Unit Development.

Residential density may be transferred only from a critical area to an area

on the same site that is not a critical area.

E. Density Credits. For development proposals( other than planned unit developments( PUDs)) on lands determined to contain critical areas as defined by this chapter, Cowlitz County shall determine allowable dwelling units for residential development proposals based on the formula below. Table 19. 15. 080- A Density Credits

Percentage

of Site

in Critical

Area

1—

Density Credit

10%

100%

11 — 20%

90%

30%

80%

31 — 40%

70%

41 — 50%

60%

51 — 60%

50%

61 — 70%

40%

71 — 80%

30%

Cowlitz County Code Chapter 19. 15 CRITICAL AREAS

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Percentage

of Site

in Critical

Area

Density Credit 20%

81 — 90%

1. Two examples of how to calculate the density credit follow: a.

Example

1. Size of development

site—

50 acres. The minimum lot size or density in a particular area is

two acres, which would permit a maximum of 25 lots to be created out of the 50- acre development site. There are 12 acres of critical areas on the 50- acre site, or 24 percent of the total site area. The density credit according to the table above is 80 percent. The allowable density on the site is 25 lots multiplied by

80 percent. The product is 20 lots, which is the permitted density on the development site. Note that without the density credit the developer would exclude the critical area from development;

the site would

be 38 acres of developable land and with a two- acre lot minimum, 19 lots would be allowed. b. Example

2. Size of development

50 acres. The minimum lot size or density in a particular area is two acres, which would permit a maximum of 25 lots to be created out of the 50- acre development site. There are 40 acres of critical areas on the 50- acre site, or 80 percent of the total site area. The density site—

without the density credit the developer would exclude the critical area from development; the site would be 10 acres of developable land and with a two- acre lot minimum, five lots would be allowed.

involved in the proposed exchange. 2. Contents of Claim. The applicant is responsible for submitting a complete and accurate application. Such application shall include, at minimum:

a. Completed master application and/ or any required supplement sheets signed by the record owner of the property;

b. A map, drawn to scale, showing the following information: i. Name, address, and telephone number of the property owner( s);

ii. Name, address, and telephone number of the preparer of the application; iii. Date of submittal;

iv. Property boundary lines; v. Legal description of the property; vi. Description of the nature, size, and location of the critical area located on the property, as determined

by a qualified expert;

Cowlitz County Code Chapter 19. 15 CRITICAL AREAS

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within 100 feet of the property boundaries; viii. The boundaries of all lands reserved in the deeds for the common uses of the property owners; c. A written appraisal from a licensed appraiser of the fair market value of the properties when subject to

the critical area regulations in this chapter and a written appraisal by the same appraiser of the fair market value of the property if not subject to the critical area regulations in this chapter;

d. All other information identified by the Director during the preapplication conference. 3. Director'

s Action.

The Director

shall determine

whether

the application

is complete

within

30 days. If

Assessor for a comparison of the fair market value of the property when subject to the critical area regulations in this chapter with the fair market value of the property if not subject to the critical area regulations in this chapter.

4. Board Action. The Board shall hold a public hearing to review all property owner requests, pursuant to this

section. Notice of public hearing shall be made at least 30 days prior to the scheduled hearing date. Notice shall consist of the publication of a legal notice in the county' s newspaper of record stating the description of the

property, and the purpose, date, time and location of the hearing. Such notice shall also be mailed first class to the property owner and all persons owning property, as identified in the Auditor' s records, within 300 feet of the subject property boundaries 30 days prior to the hearing. And, two or more notices shall be posted in the vicinity of the subject property 30 days prior to the hearing. 5. Following the public hearing, the Board shall issue its written decision, with findings, within 30 days. G. Process

for Nondevelopment

Incentives.

1. Time for Claim. Record owners of real property seeking relief under this section shall file with the Board a

claim application for nondevelopment incentives. The application may be filed at any time prior to development

of the property based on the density adjustment; provided, that all applications be filed in

accordance with the requirements of this section.

2. Contents of Claim. The applicant is responsible for submitting a complete and accurate application. Such application shall include, at a minimum:

a. Completed master application and/ or any required supplement sheets signed by the record owner of the property;

b. A map drawn to scale, showing the following information: i. Name, address, and telephone number of the property owner( s); ii. Name, address, and telephone number of the preparer of the application; iii. Date of submittal;

Cowlitz County Code Chapter 19. 15 CRITICAL AREAS

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vii. All existing and/ or public and private roads, sewer and water lines, wells, county utilities, easements, water courses, lakes, springs, drainage facilities, and on- site sewage disposal drainfield

conference.

3. Director' s Action. When the application is complete, the Director shall determine whether all or part of the

property is in fact subject to any critical area regulations in this chapter. The Director shall forward his/her findings

to the Board.

4. Board Decision.

Within

30 days of receipt

of the Director'

s findings,

the Board

shall make

the final

19. 15. 090

Planning clearance and permitting.

B. Coordination

with Other Permits. To avoid duplication, the county shall coordinate the information required by

this section with the assessments and requirements for other associated permits. C. Planning Clearance. 1. Submittal. Prior to the county' s consideration

of any proposed development activity not found to be exempt

under CCC 19. 15. 070, Exemptions, the applicant shall apply to the Department for Planning Clearance on forms provided by the Department. For platted lots, the applicant may request to establish a boundary within the subject property for which a critical areas permit shall not be required. Any regulated activities not avoiding

critical areas on the property will require a Critical Areas Permit D. Reevaluation of a Planning Clearance. A property owner may request a reevaluation by the Department once in any 12- month period when a change in physical conditions or government institutional actions warrants such reevaluation.

E. Dispute of a Planning Clearance. A property owner may appeal the determination made by the Director to the Hearing Examiner per the requirements

in CCC 19. 15. 200, Appeals.

1. Submittal. The applicant shall apply to the Department for a critical areas permit on forms provided by the county.

2. Critical Area Assessments. The applicant shall be required to submit assessments as appropriate for the

applicable critical area( s) found in the critical area determination.

The assessment shall be prepared in

accordance with the minimum requirements listed below and with the additional assessment requirements listed for each

applicable

critical

area

type found in this chapter.

Cowlitz County Code Chapter 19. 15 CRITICAL AREAS

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The critical area assessment( s) shall be adequate for the Director to evaluate the development proposal and all potential adverse impacts to critical areas and their buffers regulated by this chapter, unless the Director finds that such technical assessments are not necessary for the reason that adequate factual information already exists

at the disposal of the Director to facilitate such evaluation. The county shall provide or advise the applicant of any existing technical information that may be pertinent to their property. Technical assessments attached to or incorporated into any environmental checklist required for the proposal. The assessment(

shall be

s) shall include:

a. A site plan drawn to scale. The site plan should accurately show the following information: i. North arrow;

ii. Property line dimensions; iii. Maps depicting delineated and mapped critical areas and required buffers on site. A qualified professional will utilize standard practices to assess all critical areas and buffers that extend onto the subject property.

iv. Locations and dimensions of all existing and proposed development or alterations, including grading and clearing limits, structures, public and private roads, sewer and water lines, wells, utilities, easements, water sources, lakes and springs, drainage and stormwater facilities, on- site sewage

disposal, and drainfield areas, within the property boundary; b. The names of the persons preparing the assessment and conducting any fieldwork and the date of any fieldwork performed on the site;

c. A statement specifying the accuracy of the report, and all assumptions made and relied upon; d. An assessment of the probable impacts to critical areas resulting from development of the site and the proposed development;

e. An analysis of site development alternatives, including a no- development alternative; f. A mitigation plan, as needed, to offset any impacts, in accordance with mitigation plan requirements CCC

19. 15. 170( F));

g. A discussion of the development standards applicable to the critical area and proposed activity; and h. Any additional information required for the critical area as specified in the corresponding section for the specific type of critical area. i. In the event that an applicant chooses to submit a second critical areas assessment, the second

assessment must address the conclusions and recommendations made by the first assessment. The Director may choose to incorporate conclusions and recommendations from one or both of the assessments. G. Fees. Fees, in the amount established by the Board of County Commissioners,

shall be paid to the Department

when an application for a planning clearance and permit is filed. H. Professional Qualifications and County Review. All critical area assessments and studies required of the applicant by this chapter shall be prepared by the applicant or a qualified professional as required in the corresponding critical area sections. The Director' s decision to require additional studies or third-party review will be based on the complexity of the project and/ or a site inspection. I. Comments. The Department shall have the option of soliciting comments and technical assistance on the critical areas

permit

application

from

resource

agencies;

these

agencies

shall have 30 days to respond.

Cowlitz County Code Chapter 19. 15 CRITICAL AREAS

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J. Permit Action. The Director may approve, approve with modifications and/ or conditions, or deny a critical areas permit. Any notification of approval shall include the conditions, modifications, and restrictions regarding the location, character, and other features of the proposed development the Director finds necessary to make the

proposal compatible with the purposes and standards of this chapter. Prior to notification of approval, approval with conditions/ modifications, or denial, the decision maker( s) shall make findings that: 1. Confirm the nature and type of the critical area;

2. Determine whether a proposed alteration to a critical area meets the standards contained in this chapter; 3. Determine whether the proposal protects the critical area functions and values consistent with the best available science and results in no net loss of critical area functions and values; and

4. Determine whether the assurances for the mitigation proposed by the applicant are sufficient to protect the critical area consistent with this chapter.

K. Permit Duration. Permitted development must be complete within five years. Permits may be extended for one year at the discretion of the Director. Permits run with the land

19. 15. 100

Relationship

Areas characterized

to other regulations.

by a particular critical area may also be subject to other regulations. In the event of any conflict

between these regulations and any other regulations of the county, the regulations that provide the greater protection for critical areas shall apply with the exception of incentive options. For properties within jurisdiction of the Shoreline Management Act, the regulations in the Cowlitz County Shoreline Master Program supersede any conflicting regulation in this chapter. No permit granted pursuant to this chapter shall remove the applicant' s obligation to comply in all respects with the applicable provision of any other federal, state, or local law or regulation.

19. 15. 110

Critical area inventory maps.

The approximate

location and extent of critical areas and lands within the county planning area are identified using

the maps adopted as part of this chapter. These maps are based on the best available information and are intended for use as a general guide for the assistance of property owners and as information for the public. Boundaries are generalized; field investigation and analysis by a qualified professional may be required to confirm the existence, location, and proper classification of a critical area. The county will update information and resource material as it becomes available. These maps are to be used as a guide for the county, project applicants, and/ or property owners, and may be updated as new critical areas are identified. They are a reference and do not provide a final critical area designation. Field investigation of site- specific conditions and definitions in this chapter will be used to corroborate mapped

information.

Table 19. 15. 110. Summary

Topic

of Map Sources

Map/ Data Source Mount St. Helens Flowage- Hazard Zones Map, 1995 USGS, electronic adaptation by Cowlitz County Wegmann, Karl W., 2006, Digital landslide inventory for the Cowlitz County urban corridor, Washington; version 1. 0: Washington Division of Geology and Earth Resources Report of Investigations 35, 24 p. text, 14 maps, scale 1: 24, 000.

Geologically

Available

online.

Hazardous Areas

Czajkowski,

Resources,

J. L.; Bowman,

J. D., 2014, Faults and Earthquakes

1 plate, scale 1: 24, 000

USDA NRCS: Cowlitz

County General

Soils

Map( 2006)

in Washington

State.

Washington

Department

of Natural

Cowlitz County Code Chapter 19. 15 CRITICAL AREAS

Page 26/ 71

Topic

Map/ Data Source

WDNR: Liquefaction Susceptibility Map of Cowlitz County( 2004) Available

online.

Cowlitz County: Digital Maps of area with 30% or greater slope WEB MAP- WDNR: Washington Geologic Information Portal

WEB MAP-

Resource

WDNR:

Geologic

Map

Layers

Surface Geology Seismic Features

Ground

Response

Landforms

Landslides&

Volcanic

Vents

WEB MAP-

Resource

WDNR:

Seismic Hazards

Catalog(

Cascadia)

Layers

Facility Damage

Liquefaction Susceptibility WEB MAP-

WDNR: Natural Hazards

Resource Layers

Surface Geology Seismic Features

Ground Response

Landslides&

Landforms

Lahar Hazards

WEB MAP— WDNR: Subsurface Geology Resource

Layers

Subsurface Geology WEB MAP—WDNR: Earth Resource Permit Locations

Resource

Layers

Earth Resource Permit Sites

WEB MAP— USDA NRCS: Web Soil

Survey

Cowlitz County Code Chapter 19. 15 CRITICAL AREAS

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Topic

Map/ Data Source

Resource Tabs

Soil Map Soil Data Explorer

WEB MAP— ECY: Flood Hazard Areas

Frequently Flooded Areas

WEB MAP— Washington State Department of Health: Source Water Assessment Program( SWAP) Map

Critical Aquifer Recharge

WEB MAP— USDA NRCS: Web Soil Survey Resource

Tabs

Areas( CARAs)

Soil Map Soil Data Explorer

Cowlitz County GIS: Updated CARA Designation, 2016. WDNR:

The Washington

WDNR: State Natural

Natural

Heritage

Area Preserves&

Program

Natural

Data Explorer

Resource

Conservation

Area Maps

WEB MAP— WDFW: Priority Habitat and Species Map( PHS Web Map) Resource

Layers

PHS Data

WEB MAP— WSDOT:

Fish Passage

Barriers

Fish and Wildlife

Resource

Layers

Lakes and Streams

WEB MAP— USGS: The National Map Viewer

Resource

Layers

National Hydrography Dataset WEB MAP— WDFW:

Resource Layers

SalmonScape

Map

Cowlitz County Code Chapter 19. 15 CRITICAL AREAS

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Topic

Map/ Data Source

Fish Distribution( by species)

WEB MAP— USFWS: National Wetlands Inventory, Wetland Mapper

Wetlands Resource Layers

Wetlands

19. 15. 120

Wetlands.

A. Designation, Rating, and Mapping Wetlands. 1. Designating Wetlands. Identification

of wetlands and delineation of their boundaries pursuant to this chapter

shall be done in accordance with the approved federal wetland delineation manual and applicable regional

supplements. All areas within the county meeting the wetland designation criteria in that procedure are hereby

designated critical areas and are subject to the provisions of this chapter. Wetland delineations are valid for five years; after such date the County shall determine whether a revision or additional assessment is necessary. Wetland delineations will be documented on a ground verified map using either professional surveying methods or an equivalent professional method using GPS with sub- meter accuracy. 2. Wetland Ratings. Wetlands shall be rated according to the Washington State Department of Ecology wetland rating system found in the Washington State Wetland Rating System for Western Washington:

2014 Update

Version 2. 0, Ecology Publication No. 23- 06- 009, or as revised by Ecology. This document contains the definitions and methods for determining whether the criteria below are met. Wetland ratings are valid for five years; after such date the County shall determine whether a revision or additional rating is necessary.

a. Wetland Rating Categories. i. Category I. These wetlands represent unique or rare wetland types; are more sensitive to disturbance than most wetlands; are relatively undisturbed and contain ecological attributes that are impossible to replace within a human lifetime; and/ or provide a high level of functions. Category I wetlands are:

A) Wetlands with high conservation value that are identified by scientists of the Washington Natural

Heritage

Program/ DNR;

B) Bogs;

C) Mature and old growth forested wetlands larger than one acre; or D) Wetlands that perform many functions well( scoring 23 points or more).

ii. Category II. Those wetlands with a moderately high level of functions( scoring between 20 and 22 points).

iii. Category III. Those wetlands with a moderate level of functions( scoring between 16 and 19 points).

the rating according to the Washington State Wetland Rating System for Western Washington: 2014 Update Version

2. 0, Ecology Publication No. 23- 06- 009,

or as

revised

by Ecology. Wetland

rating

Cowlitz County Code Chapter 19. 15 CRITICAL AREAS

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categories shall not change due to illegal modifications made by the applicant or with the applicant' s knowledge.

3. Mapping. See CCC 19. 15. 110. 4. Exemptions. Activities that are exempt from the requirements of this section can be found in CCC 19. 15. 070, Exemptions.

requirements for each relevant type of critical area. If no development activity is proposed within the wetland or wetland buffer, a critical areas assessment and critical areas permit are not required. 1. Preparation by a Qualified Professional. A critical area assessment for wetlands shall be prepared by a

qualified professional meeting the requirements in CCC 19. 15. 050, Definitions. 2. Wetland Analysis. A critical area assessment for wetlands shall contain an analysis of the wetlands,

including the following site- and proposal- related information at a minimum:

a. A written assessment and accompanying maps of the wetlands and buffers within 300 feet of the project area, including the following information at a minimum: i. Documentation of any fieldwork performed on the site, including field data sheets for delineations, rating system forms, baseline hydrologic data, etc.; ii. A description of methodologies used to conduct wetland delineations, wetland ratings, and impact

analyses, including references. iii. Map showing delineated wetlands and required buffers; iv. Existing wetland acreage; v. Wetland category and standard buffers; vi. Vegetative and hydrologic characteristics; vii. Soil and substrate conditions;

viii. Topographic

elevations, at two- foot contours, for subdivision proposals; and

ix. A discussion of the water sources supplying the wetland and documentation of hydrologic regime locations of inlet and outlet features, water depths throughout the wetland, evidence of recharge or discharge, sediment

evidence

deposits);

of water

depths

throughout

the

year—

e. g., drift lines, algal layers, moss lines, and

and

feet of the project area. c. A discussion of measures, including avoidance and minimization proposed to preserve existing wetlands or compensate for wetland impacts. d. If required,

a mitigation

plan per CCC

19. 15. 170.

Cowlitz County Code Chapter 19. 15 CRITICAL AREAS

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e. Discussion on how the development activities and/ or mitigation proposal meets development standards and mitigation performance standards for the wetland category. f.A long- term habitat and native vegetation conservation strategy that addresses methods to protect on- site habitat

and wetland

functions.

3. Additional Information. When appropriate, the Director may also require the critical area assessment to

include an evaluation by the State Department of Ecology or an independent qualified expert regarding the applicant' s analysis and the effectiveness recommendations

C. Development

of any proposed mitigating measures or programs, and to include any

appropriate.

Standards—

General

Requirements.

1. Activities and uses shall be prohibited in wetlands and wetland buffers, except as provided for in this chapter.

2. The

following wetlands may be exempt from the requirement to avoid impacts( CCC 19. 15. 170( C)( 1)), and they may be filled if the impacts are fully mitigated based on the remaining actions in CCC 19. 15. 170( C). If available, impacts should be mitigated through the purchase of credits from an in- lieu fee program or mitigation bank, consistent with the terms and conditions of the program or bank. In order to verify the

following conditions, a critical area report for wetlands meeting the requirements of CCC 19. 15. 120 must be submitted:

a. All isolated Category IV wetlands less than 4, 000 square feet that: i. Are not associated

with riparian

areas or their buffers;

ii. Are not associated with shorelines of the state or their associated buffers;

iii. Are not part of a wetland mosaic; iv. Do not score six or more points for habitat function based on the 2014 update to the Washington State Wetland Rating System for Western Washington( Ecology Publication No. 14- 06- 029, or as revised and approved by Ecology); and

v. Do not contain a priority habitat or a priority areal for a priority species identified by the Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife, do not contain federally listed species or their critical habitat, and do not contain species of local importance identified in CCC 19. 15. 130. b. Wetlands less than 1, 000 square feet that meet the above criteria are also exempt from the buffer

provisions contained in CCC 19. 15. 120( C)( 5). 3. Full mitigation for the acreage and loss of functions will be provided under the terms established under subsection

D of this section

and CCC

19. 15. 170.

4. Stormwater Management. A wetland or its buffer may be physically or hydrologically altered to meet the requirements of an LID, runoff treatment, or flow control BMP as defined in the 2012 Stormwater Management

Manual for Western Washington(

as amended in December 2014, Ecology Publication No. 14- 10- 055).

However, a site- specific characterization is required to determine whether an LID BMP is feasible at the project site. Stormwater LID BMPs required as part of new and redevelopment

projects may be authorized within

wetlands and their buffers provided, that all of the following criteria are met: a. The wetland is classified as a Category IV or Category III wetland with a habitat score of three to five points;

b. Wetland functions and values lost, including buffer functions and values, will be mitigated such that no net loss of wetland

functions

and

values

is achieved;

Cowlitz County Code Chapter 19. 15 CRITICAL AREAS

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c. The wetland does not contain a known or documented presence, including documentation from WDFW, of a breeding population of any native amphibian species; d. The hydrologic functions of the wetland can be improved as outlined in questions 3, 4, 5, of Chart 4 and questions 2, 3, 4 of Chart 5 in the" Guide for Selecting Mitigation Sites Using a Watershed Approach," Ecology Publication No. 09- 06- 032); or the wetland is part of a priority restoration plan that achieves restoration goals identified in a Shoreline Master Program or other local or regional watershed plan; e. The wetland lies in the natural routing of the runoff, and the discharge follows the natural routing; and f. All regulations regarding stormwater and wetland management

are followed, including but not limited

to local and state wetland and stormwater codes, manuals, and permits. g. Modifications that alter the structure of a wetland or its soils will require permits. 5. Functionally Disconnected Buffer Area. Buffers may exclude areas that are functionally and effectively disconnected from the wetland by an existing public or private road or legally established development, as determined by the Director. Functionally and effectively disconnected means that the road or other significant development blocks the protective measures provided by a buffer.

will affect the entirety of the buffer. Individual structures may not fully interrupt buffer function. In such cases, the allowable buffer exclusion should be limited in scope to just the portion of the buffer that is affected. Where questions exist regarding whether a development functionally disconnects the buffer, or the extent of that impact, the Director may require a critical area assessment to analyze and document the buffer functionality. 6. Wetland

Buffers.

a. Standard Buffer Widths. The standard buffer widths presume the buffer is densely vegetated with native vegetation

appropriate

for the

ecoregion,

consisting

of an

average

of 80% native cover comprised of trees,

shrubs and groundcover plants. If the existing buffer on the subject property is unvegetated, sparsely

vegetated, or vegetated with invasive species, the buffer area within the subject property must either be planted to create the appropriate native plant community or be widened by 33 percent to ensure that the

buffer provides adequate functions to protect the wetland. Any required planting or buffer widening shall apply only to the portion of the buffer located on the subject property. Standard buffer widths are established by comparing the wetland rating category and the intensity of land uses proposed on development sites per Tables 19. 15. 120- A and 19. 15. 120- B. Table 19. 15. 120- A Width of buffers, in feet, needed to protect wetlands from impacts of proposed land uses(

Category

of Wetland

Land

use

used with Table

with low

Land

19. 15. 120- B)

use

with

Land use with high

impact*

moderate

150

225

300

150

225

300

III

110

150

See Table 19. 15. 120- 13 below for types of land uses that can result in low, moderate, and high levels of impacts to wetlands. Table 19. 15. 120- B Land Use Level of Impact

Cowlitz County Code Chapter 19. 15 CRITICAL AREAS

Level of impact

from

Types

Page 32/ 71

of land use

proposed land use High

Commercial Urban Industrial Institutional

Mixed- use developments Residential(

more than 1 unit/ acre)*

Roads: federal and state highways, including on- ramps and exits, state routes, and other roads associated with high- impact land uses Railroads

Agriculture with high- intensity activities( dairies, nurseries, greenhouses, growing and harvesting crops requiring annual tilling, raising and maintaining animals,

etc.)

Open/ recreational space with high- intensity uses( golf courses, ball fields, etc.)

Solar farms( utility scale Moderate

Residential( 1 unit/acre or less)* Roads:

Forest

Service

roads

and roads

associated

with moderate-

impact

land

uses

Open/ recreational space with moderate- intensity uses( parks with paved trails or playgrounds,

biking, jogging, etc.)

Agriculture with moderate- intensity uses( orchards, hay fields, light or rotational grazing, etc.) Utility corridor or right- of-way used by one or more utilities and including access/ maintenance road Wind farm Low

road and little or no vegetation

management

Cell tower

For purposes of this table, accessory dwelling units( ADUs) are not counted toward residential density. b. Alternative Wetland Buffer Widths. In lieu of the standard wetland buffer widths established in Table

19. 15. 120- A, an applicant may elect to determine buffer widths using Option 1 of the Washington Department of Ecology' s Wetlands in Washington State, Volume 2: Guidance for Protecting and

Managing Wetlands( Publication No. 22- 06- 014), as amended. A critical area report prepared by a qualified professional

shall document the resulting buffer width in accordance with Option 1 and the

applicable Ecology buffer tables for Western Washington including Appendix 8- C section 8C. 2. 3 Alternative

3).

c. Measurement of Wetland Buffers. All buffers shall be measured perpendicular to and horizontally from the wetland boundary as surveyed in the field. The standard width of the wetland buffer shall be determined according to the wetland category and the intensity of the proposed land use. d. Increased Wetland Buffer Widths. The Director shall require increased buffer widths in accordance with

the recommendations

of an experienced, qualified wetland professional,

and the best available science on

a case- by- case basis when a larger buffer is necessary to protect wetland functions and values based on site- specific characteristics and the characteristics of the proposed use. This determination shall be supported by appropriate documentation showing that it is reasonably related to protection of the functions and values of the wetland. The documentation shall include but not be limited to the following criteria:

Cowlitz County Code Chapter 19. 15 CRITICAL AREAS

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ii. The wetland has critical habitat; or a priority area for a priority species as defined by WDFW; or

Wetland of High Conservation Value as defined by the Washington Department of Natural Resources' Natural

Heritage

Program.

iii. The adjacent land is susceptible to severe erosion, and erosion- control measures will not effectively

prevent adverse wetland impacts. iv. The adjacent land has minimal vegetative cover.

v. The land has slopes greater than 30 percent. e. Wetland Buffer Width Flexibility. The standard or alternative buffer widths in subsection( C)( 6)( a) or b) of this section may be modified using the following options at the discretion of the Director. Wetland buffer width averaging and buffer width reduction provisions cannot be combined. The two separate provisions may be used to adjust buffers on the same wetland in different areas, but cannot be used in the same location on a wetland. Buffer width reduction options, in order of preference, are provided as follows:

i. Wetland Buffer Width Averaging. The Director may allow modification of the standard wetland buffer width in accordance with an approved critical area assessment and the best available science on

a case- by- case basis by averaging buffer widths. Averaging of buffer widths may be allowed only where a qualified wetland professional can demonstrate that: A) The wetland

has significant

differences

in characteristics

that affect its habitat

functions,

such as a wetland with a forested component adjacent to a degraded emergent component, or a

dual-rated" wetland with a Category I area adjacent to a lower rated area. B) It will not reduce wetland functions or functional performance; C) The wetland contains variations in sensitivity due to existing physical characteristics;

or the

character of the buffer varies in slope, soils, or vegetation; and the wetland would benefit from a

wider buffer in places and would not be adversely impacted by a narrower buffer in other places; D) The total area contained in the buffer area after averaging is no less than that which would be contained within the standard buffer; and

E) The buffer width is not reduced to less than 75 percent of the standard width, or to 25 feet, whichever is greater. ii. Wetland Buffer Width Reduction. The Director may allow reduction of the standard wetland buffer width in accordance with an approved critical area assessment and the best available science on a case-

by- case basis. Reduction of buffer widths may be allowed only where a qualified wetland professional can demonstrate that it will not reduce wetland functions or functional performance and:

A) For wetlands with a habitat score of five or less, implementation of all of the following measures, where applicable, will allow a reduction in buffer width from high intensity widths to moderate intensity widths: 1) Required Measures to Minimize Impacts to Wetlands. The table below lists measures to minimize impacts to wetlands from adjacent land uses. Measures are required if applicable to a specific

proposal.

Cowlitz County Code Chapter 19. 15 CRITICAL AREAS

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Table 19. 15. 120- C. Measures

Examples of Disturbance Lights

to Minimize

Impacts

to Wetlands

Activities and Uses That Cause Disturbances

Parking

from Adjacent

Examples

lots

Land

of Measures

Uses

to Minimize

Impacts

Direct lights away from wetland

Warehouses

Manufacturing Residential Noise

Locate activity that generates noise away from wetland

Manufacturing Residential

Toxic runoff*

Parking

lots

Route all new, untreated runoff away from wetland while ensuring

Roads

wetland

is not dewatered

Establish covenants limiting use of pesticides within 150 ft. of

Manufacturing Residential

areas

Application

of agricultural

wetland

Apply integrated pest management

pesticides

Landscaping Stormwater

Parking

runoff

Roads

lots

Retrofit stormwater detention and treatment for roads and existing adjacent

Residential

development

Prevent channelized flow from lawns that directly enters the buffer Use low intensity development techniques

Manufacturing areas

Commercial

Landscaping Change in water

Impermeable

regime

Lawns

Infiltrate

surface

impervious

or treat, detain, surfaces

and disperse

into buffer new runoff from

and new lawns

Tilling Pets and human

Residential

Use privacy fencing

areas

Plant dense vegetation to delineate buffer edge and to discourage

disturbance

using vegetation

appropriate

for the ecoregion

Place wetland and its buffer in a separate tract or protect with a conservation easement Dust

Tilled fields

Use best management practices to control dust

These examples are not necessarily adequate for minimizing toxic runoff if threatened or endangered species are present at the site.

B) For wetlands with a habitat score of six or greater, will allow a reduction in buffer width from high intensity widths to moderate intensity widths: 1) Implementation of all of the above minimization measures in Table 19. 15. 120- C, where applicable; and 2) Establishment of Habitat Corridors. Establishment of a minimum 100- foot- wide

functioning or enhanced vegetated corridor between the wetland and any other priority

habitat areas as defined by the Washington State Department of Fish and Wildlife. To use this option the following conditions must be met:

a) The wetland must have a habitat function score of five or greater on the rating system form; and

b) The habitat corridor must be protected for the entire distance between the wetland and the priority habitat area by a deed restriction as described in CCC 19. 15. 170( J)( 1),

or by a conservation easement. f.Buffer Consistency. All mitigation sites, including newly created wetlands, shall be buffered. g. Buffer Maintenance. Wetland buffers shall be retained in an undisturbed or enhanced condition. h. Buffer Uses. If not utilizing the buffer flexibility options in subsection( C)( 6)( e) of this section, the following uses may be permitted within a wetland buffer, provided they are not prohibited by any other applicable

law and

are

conducted

in a manner

that

minimizes

impacts

to the

buffer

and adjacent

wetland:

Cowlitz County Code Chapter 19. 15 CRITICAL AREAS

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the wetland, are located in the outer 25 percent of the buffer area, are constructed with a surface that does not interfere with the soil permeability,

and the surface of which is no more than five

feet wide. The design and construction of walkways and trails shall avoid impacts to established

native woody vegetation. Raised boardwalks utilizing nontreated pilings are acceptable; B) Wildlife viewing structures less than 200 square feet. iii. Educational and scientific research activities.

iv. The harvesting of wild crops in a manner that is not injurious to natural reproduction of such crops and provided the harvesting does not require tilling of soil, planting of crops, chemical applications, or alteration of the wetland by changing existing topography, water conditions, or water resources.

v. Drilling for utilities/utility corridors under a buffer, with entrance/ exit portals located completely outside of the wetland buffer boundary, provided that the drilling does not alter the ground water connection to the wetland or percolation of surface water down through the soil column. Specific studies by a hydrologist are necessary to determine whether the ground water connection to the wetland or percolation of surface water down through the soil column would be disturbed. v. Existing Facilities. Normal and routine maintenance and repair of any existing public or private facilities within an existing right- of-way; provided, that the maintenance

or repair does not increase the

footprint or use of the facility or right- of-way. vii. Enhancement of a wetland buffer through the removal of nonnative, invasive plant species. Removal of invasive plant species shall be restricted to hand removal. The use of mechanized

equipment to remove invasive vegetation may be approved under a critical area permit provided all impacts are restored and the work is conducted under the supervision of a critical area professional. All removed plant material shall be taken away from the site and appropriately disposed of. Plants that appear on the Washington State Noxious Weed Control Board list of noxious weeds should be handled

iv. Nonconforming

Uses. Repair and maintenance

of nonconforming

uses or structures, where legally

established within the buffer, provided they do not increase the degree of nonconformity. D. Development

Standards—

Additional Compensatory Mitigation Requirements for Wetlands.

mitigation shall be determined consistent with

one of the following methods: a. Mitigation Ratios.

i. Applicability. The following ratios shall apply to mitigation that is timed immediately prior to or concurrent with alteration, and has a high probability of success. These ratios do not apply to remedial actions resulting from unauthorized alterations; greater ratios shall apply in those cases. These ratios do not apply to the use of credits from a state- certified wetland mitigation bank or other state or federally approved mitigation tool, including but not limited to advance mitigation, consolidated

Cowlitz County Code Chapter 19. 15 CRITICAL AREAS

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Category and Type of Wetland

Reestablishment Reestablishment

Rehabilitation

Creation

Impacts

Creation(

Rehabilitation

Only'

RH)

Category

I Bog

Wetlands of High Conservation

Category

Not considered

6: 1 Rehabilitation

possibleb

Not considered

6: 1 Rehabilitation

possibleb

Value

I—based

bog

wetland of high

conservation

R/ C) and

Reestablishment Creation(

R/ C) and

Enhancement/ Preservationa

Enhancement( E) a

R/ C Not considered

possibleb

R/ C Not considered

possibleb

Case- by- case

value

4: 1

8: 1

1: 1 R/ C and 6: 1 RH

1: 1 R/ C and 12: 1 E

16: 1

6: 1

12: 1

1: 1 R/ C and 10: 1 RH

1: 1 R/ C and 20: 1 E

24: 1

on score for functions

Category

I Forested

All

Category II

3: 1

6: 1

1: 1 R/ C and 4: 1 RH

1: 1 R/ C and 8: 1 E

12: 1

All

Category III

2: 1

4: 1

1: 1 R/ C and 2: 1 RH

1: 1 R/ C and 4: 1 E

8: 1

All

Category IV

1. 5: 1

3: 1

1: 1 R/ C and 1: 1 RH

1: 1 R/ C and 2: 1 E

6: 1

These

ratios are based on the assumption

improvement

possible for the site. Proposals

that the rehabilitation

to implement

or enhancement

more effective

actions

rehabilitation

implemented

or enhancement

represent

the average

degree

actions may result in a lower ratio, while

less effective actions may result in a higher ratio. The distinction between rehabilitation and enhancement is not clear- cut. Instead, rehabilitation and enhancement actions span a continuum. Proposals that fall within the gray area between rehabilitation and enhancement will result in a ratio that lies between the ratios for rehabilitation and the ratios for enhancement.

n Wetlands of high conservation value and bogs are considered irreplaceable wetlands because they perform some functions that cannot be replaced through compensatory mitigation. Impacts to such wetlands would therefore result in a net loss of some functions no matter what kind of compensation

is proposed.

iii. Increased Mitigation Ratio. The Director may increase the ratios under the following circumstances:

A) Uncertainty exists as to the probable success of the proposed restoration or creation; B) A significant period of time will elapse between impact and replication of wetland functions;

Compensatory buffer mitigation shall replace those buffer functions lost from development. b. Credit/ Debit Method. As an alternative to the mitigation ratio approach in subsection( D)( 2)( a) of this

section, the Director may allow mitigation based on the" credit/ debit" method developed by the

Department of Ecology in" Calculating Credits and Debits for Compensatory Mitigation in Wetlands of Western Washington: Final Report," Ecology Publication No. 10- 06- 011, March 2012, or as revised. 3. Compensating for Lost or Affected Functions. Compensatory by the proposed project, with an intention to achieve functional

mitigation shall address the functions affected equivalency

improvement

of functions.

The

Cowlitz County Code Chapter 19. 15 CRITICAL AREAS

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goal shall be for the compensatory mitigation to provide similar wetland functions as those lost, except when either:

shall rely on the types below in the following order of preference: a. Restoration( reestablishment and rehabilitation) of wetlands.

i. The goal of reestablishment is returning natural or historic functions to a former wetland. Reestablishment results in a gain in wetland acres( and functions). Activities could include removing fill material, plugging ditches, or breaking drain tiles. ii. The goal of rehabilitation is repairing natural or historic functions of a degraded wetland. Rehabilitation results in a gain in wetland function but does not result in a gain in wetland acres. Activities could involve breaching a dike to reconnect wetlands to a floodplain or return tidal influence to a wetland. b. Creation( establishment) of wetlands on disturbed upland sites such as those with vegetative cover

consisting primarily of nonnative species. Establishment results in a gain in wetland acres.

i. This should be attempted only when there is an adequate source of water and it can be shown that the surface and subsurface hydrologic regime is conducive to the wetland community that is anticipated in the design.

ii. If a site is not available for wetland restoration to compensate for expected wetland and/ or buffer

impacts, the Director may authorize creation of a wetland and buffer upon demonstration by the applicant' s qualified wetland professional that:

A) The hydrology and soil conditions at the proposed mitigation site are conducive for sustaining the proposed wetland and that creation of a wetland at the site will not likely cause hydrologic problems elsewhere; B) Adjacent land uses and site conditions do not jeopardize the viability of the proposed

wetland and buffer( e. g. due to the presence of invasive plants or noxious weeds, stormwater runoff, noise, light, or other impacts); and

C) The proposed wetland and buffer will eventually be self- sustaining with little or no longterm maintenance.

d. Enhancement of significantly degraded wetlands. Enhancement alone will result in a net loss of wetland acreage because the area of the wetland impacted is not being replaced. It is also less effective than

restoration or creation at replacing the functions lost. Applicants proposing to use enhancement only for wetland

mitigation

i. How the

shall demonstrate:

proposed

enhancement

will increase

the

wetland/ wetland

buffer

functions;

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ii. How this increase in function will adequately compensate for the impacts; and iii. How all other existing wetland functions at the mitigation site will be unaffected or improved by

the proposed enhancement. e. Preservation.

replacement is provided by reestablishment or creation. Ratios for preservation in combination with other forms of mitigation generally range from 10: 1 to 20: 1, as determined on a case- by-case basis, depending on the quality of the wetlands being altered and the quality of the wetlands being preserved. ii. Preservation of high- quality, at- risk wetlands and habitat may be considered as the sole means of compensation

for wetland impacts when all of the following criteria are met:

A) The area proposed for preservation is of high quality. The following features may be indicative of high- quality sites: 1) Category I or 11 wetland rating; 2) Rare wetland type( e. g. bogs, mature forested wetlands, estuarine wetlands); 3) The presence of habitat for priority or locally important wildlife species; or 4) Priority sites in an adopted watershed plan. B) Wetland impacts will not have a significant adverse impact on habitat for ESA- listed species.

C) There is no net loss of habitat functions within the watershed or basin.

D) Mitigation ratios for preservation as the sole means of mitigation shall generally start at 20: 1. Specific ratios should depend upon the significance of the preservation project and the quality of the wetland resources lost.

E) Permanent preservation of the wetland and buffer will be provided through a conservation easement or tract held by a land trust. F) The impact area is small( generally less than one- half acre) and/ or impacts are occurring to a low- functioning system( Category III or IV wetland).

iii. All preservation sites shall include buffer areas adequate to protect the wetland and its functions from encroachment

5. Additional

Mitigation

and degradation.

Plan Requirements

for Wetlands.

State— Part 2:

Developing

Mitigation

Plans(

Version

1),"

2006,(

Publication

No. 06- 06-

01 lb), or as revised.

b. In addition to the requirements

of CCC 19. 15. 170( F), plans for wetland mitigation shall include a

description of the following, where applicable: i. Associated wetlands that may be greater than 300 feet from the subject project; ii. Position

in the watershed

and

relative

to other

existing

water

bodies;

and

Cowlitz County Code Chapter 19. 15 CRITICAL AREAS

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iii. When enhancement/ rehabilitation of an existing wetland is used as mitigation: A) The functions and values of the existing mitigation wetland; 13) The source of historic degradation at the mitigation wetland; and C) The measures to be used for enhancement or rehabilitation and how the actions will increase the functions of the degraded wetland.

Fish and wildlife habitat conservation areas.

19. 15. 130

A. Designation of Fish and Wildlife Habitat Conservation Areas.

1. Designation. All areas within the county meeting one or more of the designations in Table 19. 15. 130- A or provisions in this subsection A, regardless of any formal identification,

are hereby designated critical areas and

are subject to the provisions of this chapter and shall be managed consistent with the best available science, such as the Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife' s Management Recommendations for Priority Habitat and Species. Consultation may occur with the Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife for confirmation of designations.

Table 19. 15. 130- A. Fish and Wildlife

Habitat Conservation

Classifications

Areas

Description

WAC 365- 190- 080( 5) 1.

Areas with which federal

endangered, primary

threatened

state

sensitive

designated species

have

association.

Areas which, if significantly altered, may reduce the likelihood that the species will reproduce over the long term. Federally designated species are those identified by U. S. Fish and Wildlife or the National Marine Fisheries Service. State designated

species are those identified by the Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife. These habitats are designated

as critical areas, where endangered,

threatened

and

sensitive species are verified to have a primary association. 2. State priority habitats and areas associated with state priority

species.

3. Species and habitats of local importance.

by the State Department

of Fish and Wildlife.

Habitat: Unique or significant habitats which regionally rare wildlife species depend upon and that have high wildlife concentrations, including: Caves, Talus

slopes,

5. Waters of the

state.

following

revisions:

Cowlitz County Code Chapter 19. 15 CRITICAL AREAS

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Classifications

Description

WAC 365- 190- 080( 5)

b) Type F Water — means segments of natural waters, which are not classified as Type

S Water and have a fish, wildlife,

or human use. These are segments

of natural

waters and periodically inundated areas of their associated wetlands. c) Type Np Water — means all segments of natural waters within defined channels that are perennial nonfish habitat streams. Perennial streams are waters that do not go dry any time of a year of normal rainfall. However, for the purpose of water typing, Type Np Waters include the intermittent dry portions of the perennial channel below the uppermost point of perennial flow. d) Type Ns Water —

means all segments of natural waters within defined channels

that are not Type S, F, or Np Waters. These are seasonal, nonfish habitat streams in which surface flow is not present for at least some portion of a year of normal rainfall and are not located downstream from any stream reach that is a Type Np Water. Ns Waters must be physically connected by an aboveground channel system to Type S, F, or Np Waters. 6. State natural conservation

area

preserves and natural

resource

areas.

7. Areas of rare

plant species

and high quality

Areas of rare plant species and high quality ecosystems are identified by the Washington State Department of Natural Resources through the Natural Heritage

ecosystems.

Program. 8.

Unintentionally

created ponds.

Ponds with a surface area of less than 20 acres, but greater than one acre. This designation does not include ponds in which existing and ongoing operations are occurring

9. Habitat Corridors

for mining or other permitted

activity.

Those corridors set aside and protected for preserving connections between habitats on development proposal sites that contain streams and/ or wetlands with a moderate to high habitat score greater than or equal to six on the Washington State Wetland Rating System for Western Washington( Department of Ecology 2014 or as revised) that are located within 200 feet of a stream and/ or wetland with a moderate to high

habitat score greater than or equal to six on the Washington State Wetland Rating System for Western Washington.

Fish and wildlife habitat corridors

do not increase

stream buffers, except as required to provide a connection between two features as described above.

2. Exemptions. Activities that are exempt from the requirements of this section can be found in CCC 19. 15. 070, Exemptions.

B. Mapping of Fish and Wildlife Habitat Conservation Areas. The approximate location and extent of habitat conservation areas are shown on the critical area maps adopted by the county, as most recently updated( see CCC 19. 15. 110).

2. Areas Addressed in Critical Area Assessment.

The following areas shall be addressed in a critical area

assessment for habitat conservation areas:

a. The project area of the proposed activity; b. All habitat conservation areas and recommended riparian habitat areas within 300 feet of the project area;

and

Cowlitz County Code Chapter 19. 15 CRITICAL AREAS

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c. All shoreline areas, floodplains, other critical areas, and related buffers within 300 feet of the project area.

3. Level One Critical Areas Habitat Assessment. A level one critical areas habitat assessment includes:

potential impacts to water quality or to the use of the site by species identified in subsection( C)( 3)( b) of this section if any;

and

f.If required, a mitigation plan in conformance with CCC 19. 15. 170( C). g. Demonstration

that the proposed development

activities will not:

i. Reduce stream or habitat functions, including those of nonfish habitat;

ii. Degrade the habitat, including habitat for anadromous fish within the inner zone of the riparian habitat area( RHA); and iii. Be located within another critical area or associated buffer.

a. A discussion of any federal, state, or local special management recommendations, including Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife habitat management recommendations, that have been

developed for species or habitats located on or adjacent to the project area; b. A protection plan describing activities that will be used to mitigate any impacts from the current

proposal and restore any habitat that was degraded prior to the current proposed land use activity. Activities are to be conducted in accordance with CCC 19. 15. 170( C), Mitigation Sequencing. The protection plan at a minimum must include, but is not limited to: i. Enhancement of functions within the RHA through intensive, appropriate native vegetation and soil

amendments

as approved by the qualified professional. A detailed planting plan is required;

ii. A construction and monitoring plan and financial assurance must be provided as described in CCC 19. 15. 170( F)( 2)( e),(

F)( 5) and( f)(2), respectively; and

iii. A discussion of ongoing management practices that will protect habitat after the project site has been developed, including proposed monitoring and maintenance programs.

c. The Director may require additional studies. D. Development

Standards—

General

Requirements.

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E. Development

Standards—

Specific

Habitats.

1. Endangered, Threatened, and Sensitive Species. Where federal or state management recommendations exist

a critical area assessment prepared by a qualified professional and approved by the Director. 2. Wetland Habitats. All proposed activities within or adjacent to habitat conservation areas containing wetlands shall conform to the wetland development performance standards set forth in CCC 19. 15. 120, Wetlands. If nonwetlands habitat and wetlands are present at the same location, the provisions of this section or CCC 19. 15. 120, Wetlands, whichever provides greater protection to the habitat, apply. 3. Riparian Habitat Areas( RHAs). RHAs shall be established for habitats that include aquatic and terrestrial

ecosystems that mutually benefit each other and that are located adjacent to waters of the state. Unless otherwise allowed in this title, all structures and activities shall be located outside of the RHAs. For purposes of this chapter," riparian habitat area" is used synonymously with" buffer". a. Seeps and Springs. Seeps and springs may require establishment of riparian habitat areas; these will be evaluated on a case- by- case basis. A 100- foot RHA will be required on springs if the water source is used for potable water.

b. Functionally Disconnected Riparian Habitat Areas. Riparian habitats may exclude areas that are functionally and effectively disconnected from the stream by an existing public or private road or legally established development, as determined by the Director. Functionally and effectively disconnected means that the road or other significant development blocks the protective measures provided by a riparian habitat

area.

Significant developments

shall include built public infrastructure

such as roads and railroads, and private

developments such as homes or commercial structures. The Director shall evaluate whether the

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c. Seasonal Restrictions. When a species is more susceptible to adverse impacts during specific periods of

the year, seasonal restrictions may apply. Larger RHA widths may be required and activities may be further restricted during the specified season. d. Riparian Habitat Area Widths. Required RHA widths are shown in the table below. Widths shall be

measured outward in each direction, on the horizontal plane, from the ordinary high water mark, or from the top of bank, if the ordinary high water mark cannot be identified. The RHA widths presume the area is densely vegetated with native vegetation appropriate for the ecoregion, consisting of an average of 80%

native cover comprised of trees, shrubs and groundcover plants. If the existing RHA on the subject property is unvegetated,

sparsely vegetated, or vegetated with invasive species that do not perform needed

functions, the RHA within the subject property must either be planted to create the appropriate native plant community or be widened by 33 percent to ensure that the RHA provides adequate functions to protect the

stream. Any required planting or widening of the RHA shall apply only to the portion of the RHA located on the subject property. Table 19. 15. 130- B. Riparian

Habitat

Areas

Stream

Type Required

RHA Widths

RHA Width( ft.)a•

Type F water

180

Type

Np water

100

Type Ns water

100

RHA widths shall be measured horizontally from the ordinary high water mark.

e. Alternative Riparian Habitat Area. An applicant may propose an alternative RHA in lieu of the standard

widths in Table 19. 15. 130- B when a critical area report is prepared by a qualified professional and demonstrates the alternative RHA will protect riparian ecosystem functions equal to or greater than the standard width. The alternative RHA shall be delineated as follows:

i. Alternative RHA width determination. Measure the riparian width pursuant to CCC 19. 15. 130( E)( 3)( d). Establish the outer edge by using WDFW' s online mapping tool to measure site

potential tree height at 200 years( SPTH2O0) of the dominant tree species. ii. SPTH data sources. SPTH2O0 may be obtained from the WDFW SPTH mapping datasets and tools for Cowlitz County or may be calculated in the field using WDFW' s Guidelines for Determining SPTH from Field Measurements( 2025), with documentation included in the critical area report.

iii. Minimum pollution removal width. In all cases the RHA shall not be less than one hundred( 100) feet to ensure high pollutant removal efficacy.

iv. The critical area report shall map riparian vegetation limits, document SPTH methods and values, and include a functions based analysis comparing the proposed RHA to the default widths. f.Increased Riparian Habitat Area Widths. The director shall have the authority to increase the required RHA width on a case- by- case basis when there is evidence that a wider RHA is necessary. Criteria to support an expanded width include the following:

is generally

preferable

widening

the

RHA;

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ii. The habitat area provides habitat for a species that is particularly sensitive to disturbance. The width of the RHA should be increased to provide adequate protection for the species based on its particular life- history needs; or iii. When recommended

by a qualified professional

or regulatory agency; or

iv. When the habitat area is within an erosion or landslide hazard area, or its buffer, greatest width of

protection shall apply. g. Use of Riparian Habitat Areas. Activities within RHAs shall be reviewed and approved through a critical areas assessment which demonstrates the activities will not impact the RHAs' functions and values.

i. Standard RHA Widths. Where all proposed use and development activities would occur outside of the standard RHA widths shown in Table 19. 15. 130- B, no critical areas assessment is required. 4. Riparian Habitat Areas( RHAs) Required for Classification 4. RHAs shall be established through an approved critical areas assessment and shall: a. Consist of an undisturbed area of native vegetation or areas identified for restoration established to

protect the integrity, functions, and values of the affected habitat;

b. Reflect the sensitivity of the habitat and the type and intensity of human activity proposed to be conducted nearby; c. Be consistent with the management recommendations issued by the Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife;

and

d. Be managed consistent with the provisions of subsection( E)( 3) of this section, Riparian Habitat Area RHAs).

5. Alterations to Waters of the State and Associated RHAs. Activities may be permitted within a pond, lake, water of the state, marine habitat, or associated riparian habitat area when the activity complies with the provisions in this subsection and in accordance with an approved critical area assessment and, if applicable, in accordance with the Shoreline Management Act, Chapter 90. 58 RCW, the county' s Shoreline Master Program, and all other applicable state or federal permits. a. General.

i. All work shall comply with the Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife in- water work window for the applicable species;

the following provisions shall apply to the alteration: i. Watercourse alteration projects shall not result in blockage of side channels. ii. The county shall notify adjacent communities. iii. The applicant shall maintain the altered or relocated portion of the watercourse to ensure that the flood-carrying capacity is not diminished. iv. Unavoidable impacts shall be mitigated consistent with mitigation requirements found in subsection F of this section and CCC 19. 15. 170. c.

Shoreline

erosion

control

measures

must

also

demonstrate

that:

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i. Natural shoreline processes will be maintained; ii. Adequate mitigation measures ensure that there is no net loss of the functions or values of riparian

habitat as a result of the proposed shoreline erosion control measures; iii. The proposed shoreline erosion control measures do not result in negative impacts to channel migration corridors;

iv. Impacts to the functions or values of the habitat conservation area shall require appropriate

mitigation measures per subsection F of this section and CCC 19. 15. 170; v. Streambank stabilization to protect structures from future channel migration is achieved through bioengineering,

soft armoring, or recommended

techniques in accordance with an approved critical

area assessment and the guidelines of the Washington State Integrated Streambank Protection Guidelines( 2003, or as amended).

d. In- Stream Structures. On Type F, Type Np, and Type Ns waters, the following provisions shall apply: i. No structures that prevent the migration of salmonids will be allowed in the portion of water bodies

currently used by anadromous fish. ii. In- stream structures, such as, but not limited to, high flow bypasses, sediment ponds, instream ponds, and retention and detention facilities, are prohibited from RHAs unless they are necessary for the successful development or maintenance of a habitat improvement project. e. Roads, Trails, Bridges, and Rights- of-Way. Construction of trails, roadways, and bridges may be permitted subject to the following additional standards: i. There is no other feasible alternative route with less impact on the environment;

ii. The crossing minimizes interruption of downstream movement of wood and gravel; iii. Trails shall be located in the outer 50 percent of the RHA, except for limited viewing platforms and crossings;

iv. Crossings, where necessary, shall only occur as near to perpendicular with the watercourse as possible;

v. Mitigation for impacts is provided pursuant to a mitigation plan of an approved critical area assessment;

vi. Trails and associated viewing platforms shall not be made of continuous impervious materials. f.Utility Facilities. New utility lines and facilities may be permitted to cross watercourses, if they comply with the following additional standards: i. There is no other feasible alternative route with less impact on the environment;

ii. Installation shall be accomplished by boring beneath the scour depth and the saturated zone beneath the watercourse and channel migration zone, where feasible;

iv. Crossings shall be contained within the footprint of an existing road or utility crossing where possible;

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v. The utility route shall avoid paralleling the stream or following a down-valley course near the channel;

and

vi. The utility installation shall not increase or decrease the natural rate of shore migration or channel migration;

vii. Utility facilities which carry liquid petroleum products or any other hazardous substance as defined

in Chapter 173- 303 WAC may be permitted only when demonstrated by a qualified professional that the design, location, and monitoring of the proposed facility will not cause contaminants to enter the protected resource. g. Public Flood Protection Measures. i. New public flood protection measures may be permitted, subject to the county' s review and approval of a critical

area assessment.

with CCC 19. 15. 170( C), Mitigation Sequencing. If the planning clearance is inconclusive,

a critical

area assessment may be required. h. Stormwater

Management

Facilities.

Stormwater

management

facilities,

which

incorporate

infiltration

mechanisms, such as dispersion outfalls and bioswales, may be allowed within the outer 25 percent of the RHA or may encroach further into the RHA at discretion of the Director; provided that: i. No other location is feasible; and ii. The location of such facilities will not degrade the functions or values of the watercourse or associated RHA.

k. On- Site Septic Systems. On- site septic components may be allowed within the riparian habitat area

provided the following are met: i. All septic components must be 100 feet from the ordinary high water mark; ii. Reasonable efforts have been made to avoid FWHCA functions and values; iii. The on- site septic system must be in compliance with all local and state requirements;

iv. Best management practices( BMPs) are used to minimize erosion, sedimentation

and soil

disturbance;

v. Any adverse impacts to critical areas are mitigated in accordance with CCC 19. 15. 170; and vi. For new or replacement of existing, failing system, there is no other alternative that will meet state requirements( including locating the new system in the same place as the old system). 6. Other Classifications.

a. Classifications

2 and 3. Whenever activities are proposed adjacent to or within Classification

2 or 3

areas, an approved critical area assessment prepared by a qualified professional may be required and must comply with Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife management recommendations

for affected

species or habitats.

b. Classification 6. Protection for state natural area preserves and natural resource conservation area habitat will be achieved

by the Washington

State Department

of Natural

Resources.

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c. Classification 7. Protection for areas of rare plant species and high quality ecosystems may require verification and a critical area assessment. Activities should comply with Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife management recommendations

for priority habitat species and Washington Department of

Natural Resources Heritage Program guidelines. F. Development

Additional Mitigation Requirements for Fish and Wildlife Habitat Conservation Areas.

Standards—

recommendations and guidance documents for best practices mitigation. See CCC 19. 15. 170, Mitigation requirements.

2. Mitigation shall be required to the level or extent necessary to achieve no net loss of critical area functions and values.

3. Proposed mitigation for impacts within fish and wildlife habitat conservation areas may be conditioned by the county on a case- by-case basis using recommendations provided by Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife.

19. 15. 140

Frequently flooded areas.

frequently flooded Unincorporated

areas.

These maps are based on the following: Flood

Insurance

Study— Cowlitz County

Areas.

B. Development Limitations. All development within designated frequently flooded areas shall comply with Chapter 16. 25 CCC, Floodplain Management, as now or hereafter amended.

19. 15. 150

Geologically hazardous areas.

A. Designation of Geologically Hazardous Areas.

1. Designation. Geologically hazardous areas include areas susceptible to erosion, sliding, earthquake, or other geological events. They pose a threat to the health and safety of citizens when incompatible development is sited in areas of significant hazard. Such incompatible development may not only place itself at risk, but also may increase the hazard to surrounding development and use. Areas susceptible to one or more of the following

types of hazards shall be designated as a geologically hazardous area and are further described in later sections: a. Seismic hazard; b. Mine hazard;

c. Volcanic hazard; d. Erosion

hazard;

and

e. Landslide hazard. 2. Exemptions. Activities that are exempt from the requirements of this section can be found in CCC 19. 15. 070, Exemptions.

Standards—

General Requirements

for All

Geologically Hazardous Areas.

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1. Alterations. Alterations of geologically hazardous areas or associated buffers may only occur for activities that:

a. Will not increase the threat of the geological hazard to adjacent properties beyond predevelopment conditions;

b. Will not adversely impact other critical areas; c. Are designed so that the hazard to the project is eliminated or mitigated to a level equal to or less than

predevelopment conditions; and d. Are recommended by a qualified professional in a signed and stamped geologic hazards assessment or geotechnical

engineering report, whichever is required by this chapter.

2. Critical Facilities Prohibited. Critical facilities shall not be sited within geologically hazardous areas unless

there is no other practical alternative. 3. Utilities Transmission Facilities. Utility facilities which carry liquid petroleum products or any other hazardous substance as defined in Chapter 173- 303 WAC may be permitted within geologically hazardous

areas only when demonstrated by a qualified professional that the design and location of the proposed facility will not cause adverse impacts. D. Seismic

Hazard

Areas.

1. Designation.

a. For the purposes of this classification, a seismic hazard area is any area subject to: i. Underlying deposits indicative of a risk of liquefaction during a seismic event; ii. Areas subject to slope failure, including lateral spreading, during a seismic event; iii. Areas subject to surface faulting during a seismic event; iv. Areas that are at risk of mass wasting due to seismic forces. b. Seismic hazard areas are indicated by: i. A Zone D 1 or higher rating as defined by the Seismic Risk Map of the United States adopted by the Washington State Legislature and defined in the International Residential Code( IRC).

Standards—

Specific Requirements. All development within areas that meet the designation for

seismic hazard areas shall comply with the adopted IBC or IRC. No critical area assessment is required. E. Mine Hazard Areas.

1. Designation. Mine hazard areas are those areas underlain by or affected by mine workings such as adits,

the

Standards—

standards

Specific Requirements. Activities proposed to be located in mine hazard area shall

of subsection

C of this

section,

Development

Standards—

General Requirements for All

Geologically Hazardous Areas, and the following specific requirements: a. Areas identified where mining is known to have occurred shall be required to have a geotechnical assessment.

Cowlitz County Code Chapter 19. 15 CRITICAL AREAS

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Hazard

Areas.

of the volcano and its summit are located in Skamania County, the mountain is the source of four river drainages that pass through Cowlitz County to the Columbia River, and the western flank of the mountain,

including portions of the Mt. St. Helens National Monument, is within Cowlitz County. Like the other volcanoes in the Cascade Volcanic Arc, scientists cannot precisely predict when Mt. St. Helens will erupt, the area of land that will be affected, or the force of future eruptions. However, research does

the volcanic cone. This area primarily contains land designated as Flowage Hazard Zone 1 that is also within the Mt. St. Helens National Monument, but also includes some land designated as Flowage Hazard Zone 2.

Because of their proximity to the volcanic cone, these areas should not be allowed to increase in population or be developed with permanent structures. Additionally, due to the extensive volumes of sediment flowing down the North Fork of the Toutle River and the potential risk of increased flows in the event of a future eruption, Cowlitz County has also elected to require that development upriver of the North Fork Toutle River Sediment

Retention Structure be accompanied by an evacuation and emergency management plan. 2. Designation. Volcanic hazard areas are those areas identified as being within the Volcanic Hazard Zone 1,

demarcated by a five- mile radius based on the center of the cone of Mt. St. Helens and the mapped extents of Zone 1, Zone 2 and Zone 3 shown on the Cowlitz County adapted map of the Mount St. Helens Flowage-

Hazard Zones Map, 1995, United States Geological Society. These areas can be subject to pyroclastic flows, lava flows, debris avalanche, and inundation by debris flows, lahars, mudflows, or related flooding resulting from volcanic activity. a. Volcanic Hazard Zone 1. The area within the five- mile radius is indicated as having the highest risk of being affected by potential future volcanic activity, and is the only area with development restrictions based on volcanic hazard risk.

d. Flowage Hazard Zone 3. Areas subject to inundation by well- channelized lahars caused by volcanic activity. 3. Development

Standard—

Specific

Requirements.

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Hazard

i. Allowable

Zone

Uses.

A) Passive recreational uses, which may include hiking, boating, fishing, etc.; B) Maintenance and repair of existing structures, roads, trails, educational facilities, and serviceable

structures;

C) Agriculture and forestry activities; D) Exploratory or scientific research, fish and wildlife enhancement projects, or similar such activities.

c. Flowage Hazard Zones 1, 2, and 3.

event( i.e., seismic event triggers a landslide that results in the evacuation route becoming impassible). ii. A critical areas assessment is not required. G. Erosion

Hazard

Areas.

1. Designation. Erosion hazard areas are those areas identified by the U. S. Department of Agriculture' s Natural Resources Conservation Service as having a" severe" or" very severe" erosion hazard. Erosion hazard areas are also those areas impacted by shore land and/ or streambank erosion and those areas within a stream' s channel migration

zone.

2. Development

Standards—

Specific Requirements.

Uses and activities shall conform to the following

standards:

stormwater runoff, and preserve related ecological values. b. Erosion Control Plan. An erosion control plan shall: i. Demonstrate that development activities conform to existing topography of the site and minimize topographic modification, foundations conform to the natural contours of the slope and are

stepped/ tiered where possible; ii. Demonstrate that roads, driveways and other vehicular access, trails, walkways, and parking areas are designed with lower gradients and/ or are parallel to the natural contours of the site; iii. Include stabilization best management practices( BMPs) such as temporary/ permanent seeding,

mulching, geotextiles, sod stabilization, vegetative buffer strips, protection of trees and preservation of mature

vegetation;

iv. Ensure all exposed and disturbed soils shall be stabilized by suitable and timely application of BMPs;

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v. Demonstrate that no exposed or disturbed soils shall be allowed to overwinter without erosion

control BMPs in place; vi. Preserve existing vegetation and undergrowth where feasible; vii. Ensure cut and fill slopes shall be designed and constructed to minimize erosion;

viii. Provide stabilization to adequately prevent erosion of conveyance

outlets and streambanks;

ix. Demonstrate that clearing, grading, and impervious surfaces shall be minimized. c. Seasonal Restriction.

i. Clearing activities that disturb the soil shall be allowed from May 1 st to October 1 st provided that

the county may extend or shorten the dry season on a case- by-case basis, except that timber harvest, not including brush clearing or stump removal, may be allowed pursuant to an approved forest practice permit;

ii. Outside of the designated dry season, clearing activities that disturb the soil may occur only when demonstrated by a qualified professional that no increased risk to erosion hazard and buffer areas will occur from clearing activities. d. Drainage Plan. A drainage plan shall be developed by a qualified professional that includes:

i. Surface drainage, including downspouts, shall avoid draining to erosion hazard areas. Drainage originating above an erosion hazard area shall be collected and directed by tight line drain, and provided with an energy dissipative device for discharge to a swale or other acceptable natural drainage areas.

ii. The following uses and activities shall be permitted on severe erosion hazard areas only where analysis by a qualified professional

finds that such systems will not result in an increase in erosion. A

B) On- site sewage disposal system drainfields. The septic system drainfield must be in

compliance with the regulations of the Cowlitz County Health Department or its successors; and C) Utility lines and pipes. H. Landslide

Hazard

Areas.

include, but are not limited to, the following: a. Areas of identified landslide hazards, including: i. Those areas mapped by the Department of Natural Resources 2006 Digital Landslide Inventory and/ or shown on the Geologic Hazard Map of Cowlitz County( see CCC 19. 15. 110 for full map references). Landslide hazard areas are those areas shown with active or inactive landslides, active or

inactive scarps, and potentially unstable slopes;

ii. Areas designated as quaternary slumps, earthflows, mudflows, lahars, or landslides on maps published by the U. S. Geological Survey or Washington

State Department

of Natural

Resources;

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iii. Areas with all three of the following characteristics: A) Slopes steeper than 15 percent; B) Hillsides intersecting geologic contacts with a relatively permeable sediment overlying a

relatively impermeable sediment or bedrock; and C) Springs or groundwater

seepage;

iv. Areas that have shown movement during the holocene epoch( from 10, 000 years ago to the present) or which are underlain or covered by mass wastage debris of this epoch;

vi. Slopes that are parallel or subparallel to planes of weakness( such as bedding planes, joint systems, and fault planes); vii. Slopes having gradients steeper than 80 percent subject to rockfall during seismic shaking;

viii. Any area with a slope of 40 percent or steeper and with a vertical relief of 10 or more feet except areas composed of bedrock. A slope is delineated by establishing its toe and top and measured by averaging the inclination over at least 10 feet of vertical relief. ix. Areas potentially unstable because of rapid stream incision, streambank erosion, and/ or undercutting by wave action; x. Areas that show evidence of, or are at risk from, snow avalanches; and

xi. Areas located in a confined stream channel or on an active alluvial fan, presently or potentially subject to inundation by debris flows or catastrophic 2. Development

Standards—

flooding.

Specific Requirements. Uses and activities permitted shall conform to the

following standards: a. Protection of Landslide Area and Buffer. The landslide hazard area and associated buffer shall be

stormwater runoff, and preserve related ecological values. b. Buffers. A buffer shall be established from all edges of landslide hazard areas. The minimum dimension of the buffer shall be 50 feet from the edge of the landslide hazard area.

i. Buffer Reduction. The buffer may be reduced to a minimum of 25 feet at the sides of a landslide

hazard area when a qualified professional demonstrates that the reduction will adequately protect the proposed development,

adjacent developments,

and uses and the subject critical area. No reductions

are allowed for developments uphill or downslope from landslide hazard areas.

ii. Buffer Use. Where reduction of the buffer is not permitted, development encroachment within the buffer area may be allowed provided a qualified professional demonstrates

that site alterations will not

impact a landslide area and/ or the adjacent properties. iii. Increased Buffer. The buffer may be increased where the Director or a qualified professional determines a larger buffer is necessary to prevent risk of damage to proposed and existing development.

iv. The buffer shall be clearly staked before and during any construction or clearing. c. Design and Development Standards. Development or alterations within a landslide hazard area and/ or

buffer shall be designed to meet the following requirements. Deviations from one or more of these standards may be permitted where it can be demonstrated by a qualified professional that an alternative

Cowlitz County Code Chapter 19. 15 CRITICAL AREAS

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design provides equal or greater protection of the critical area and proposal. The basic development design standards are:

foundations

shall be tiered where possible to conform to existing topography;

iii. Structures and improvements

shall be located to preserve the most critical portion of the site and its

natural landforms and vegetation;

iv. The proposed development shall not result in an increase in surface water discharge or sedimentation

to adjacent properties;

v. Development shall be designed to minimize impervious lot coverage; vi. Vegetation

Retention.

A) Removal of vegetation from a landslide hazard area or related buffer shall be permitted only when approved by a qualified professional; and B) If the landslide area and buffer lacks adequate vegetation, a vegetation restoration plan or other slope stability measures may be required; vii. Seasonal Restriction.

A) Clearing activities that disturb the soil shall be allowed from May 1st to October 1st; provided, that the county may extend or shorten the dry season on a case- by- case basis, except that timber harvest, not including brush clearing or stump removal, may be allowed pursuant to

an approved forest practice permit; B) Outside of the designated dry season, clearing activities that disturb the soil may occur only when demonstrated by a qualified professional that no increased risk to landslide hazard and buffer areas will occur from clearing activities; viii. Utility Lines and Pipes. Utility lines and pipes shall be permitted in landslide hazard areas only when the applicant demonstrates

that no other practical alternative is available;

ix. Drainage.

A) Surface drainage, including downspouts, shall not be directed across the face of a hazard

area. If drainage must be discharged from the top of a hazard area to its toe, it shall be collected above the top and directed to the toe by tight line drain, and provided with an energy- dissipating device at the toe for discharge to a swale or other acceptable natural drainage areas.

B) Stormwater retention and detention systems, including percolation systems utilizing buried pipe, are strongly discouraged unless a geotechnical

assessment indicates such a system shall not

affect slope stability and the systems are designed by a licensed civil engineer. The licensed civil engineer shall also certify that the systems are installed as designed;

x. Sewage Disposal Systems. On- site sewage disposal systems, including drainfields, shall be permitted within landslide hazard areas and related buffers only where demonstrated by a qualified professional to not increase the potential landslide hazard impact to the proposed development or surrounding developments. I. Critical

Area Assessment—

Requirements

for Geologically

Hazardous

Areas.

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1. Preparation by a Qualified Professional. A qualified professional shall prepare critical areas assessments and geotechnical reports. 2. Geologic Hazards Assessment/ Reports. A geologic hazards assessment is required for all proposals within erosion hazard areas and landslide hazard areas. Where the applicant can clearly demonstrate to the Department

through submittal of a geotechnical assessment that the regulated activity or any related site alterations will not impact a landslide or erosion hazard area or the adjacent properties, the requirements for a geotechnical report will be waived. A geotechnical report will be required when the assessment does not clearly demonstrate that

the development activities do not impact the landslide and/ or erosion hazard area or the adjacent properties, the geotechnical

assessment recommends

additional geotechnical

study, and/ or the development activity is within

an identified active landslide hazard area. 3. Site Plan( s)—

Assessments and Reports. The following information shall be provided at a minimum:

a. The type and extent of geologic hazard areas and buffers on, adjacent to, within 200 feet of, or that are likely to impact the proposal;

b. Proposed development activity area, including the location of existing and proposed structures, septic drainfield and reserve areas, clearing limits, fill locations, storage of materials, and drainage facilities; c. Dimensions of the proposed development activity to the property lines, critical areas, landslide scarp and slide mass;

d. A contour map of the proposed site, at a scale of one inch equals 20 feet or other scale as deemed appropriate by the Department. Slopes shall be clearly delineated for the ranges between 15 percent and 32 percent, 33 percent and 79 percent, and 80 percent or greater, including the height of slope, slope gradient, and cross- section of the project area; e. The location and type of surface water runoff features including the location of springs, seeps, or other surface expressions of groundwater on or within 200 feet of the project area or that have potential to be affected by the proposal; and f.When site- specific conditions indicate the necessity, the Department may require the topographic data to be field surveyed.

of subsurface soil, rock and groundwater conditions to better assess the geological site hazards.

The geologic assessment shall include, but not be limited to: a. A field reconnaissance of the site and vicinity; b. A detailed description of the project; c. Site plan of the area based on the criteria listed within subsection( 1)( 3) of this section, Site Plan( s)— Assessments

and Reports;

d. Feasibility of the site for the proposed development activity; e. A description of the surface and subsurface geology, hydrology, soils, and vegetation found in the project area;

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g. An overview of any field investigations, published data, and references; data and conclusions from past assessments of the site; and site- specific measurements, tests, investigations, or studies that support the

identification

or lack of geologically hazardous areas;

h. If applicable, an identification

of any areas of the site recommended

to be avoided by any aspect of the

proposed development; i. If necessary, identification of mitigation measures needed to address any anticipated geologic problems; j. If applicable, development recommendations for the proposed activities. These recommendations should include, but are not limited to, structure and septic system setbacks from geologic hazard areas if less than or greater than the minimum established buffer or do not meet IBC setback requirements, foundation design, filling and excavation, erosion control, drainage and site preparations; k. Discussion regarding the need for follow- up studies that should be conducted, such as geotechnical

engineering reports, additional subsurface exploration or more extensive soil reports; 1. Demonstration that all applicable development standards are met.

5. Geotechnical Engineering Report. A geotechnical engineering report will be required for any development proposal on a site containing an active landslide hazard area or landslide and/ or erosion hazard areas that were identified through the geotechnical assessment for further geotechnical analysis. It is the responsibility of the qualified professional to provide a report and design recommendations that are appropriate for existing site conditions and the proposed development. The geotechnical engineering report shall be completed and stamped by a qualified professional and shall present results and engineering recommendations. The geotechnical report will include, at the minimum, the following: a. The requirements listed within the geotechnical assessment criteria; b. Site

history— description of any prior grading, soil instability or slope failure;

Subsurface data— logs of borings, test pits, and other exploratory methods; soil and rock stratigraphy; groundwater levels, including seasonal changes and laboratory tests; c.

d. The

results

of any

laboratory tests— laboratory data and soil index properties for soil samples;

e. The effect construction and placement of structures will have on the slope over the estimated life of the structure;

f.Vulnerability of the site to erosion; g. The location, dimensions and estimated depth of any area( s) of slope instability on the site;

downslope properties; 1. Parameters

for design

of site improvements,

including:

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i. Building limitations; ii. Suitability of on- site soil for use as fill; iii. Soil compaction criteria; iv. Proposed angles and heights of cut and fill slopes;

vi. Recommendations for drainage and subdrainage and utility line improvements for collection, transport, treatment, discharge, and/ or recycling of water, including consideration

of on- site septic

system disposal volumes where the additional volume will affect the landslide hazard area;

vii. Earthwork recommendations,

including clearing and site preparation criteria, fill placement,

temporary and permanent slope inclinations and protection, and temporary excavation support, if necessary;

viii. Mitigation of adverse site conditions, including slope stabilization measures and seismically unstable soils, if appropriate;

B) For terrain containing active or inactive landslides or for proposed structures, cuts, fills or

C) The Director may consider lower factors of safety, if the qualified professional provides detailed explanation that satisfies the Director regarding why lower factor of safety values presents an acceptable level of risk to the development.

D) Designs that require regular or periodic maintenance to maintain their level of function are excluded from long-term slope stabilization measures. 6. Incorporation of Previous Study. Where a valid critical areas assessment or geotechnical engineering report has been prepared within the last five years for a specific site, and where the proposed land use activity and

a long- term basis( equal to or exceeding the projected life span of the activity or occupation). Proposed mitigation techniques shall be considered to provide long- term hazard reduction only if they do not require regular maintenance or other actions to maintain their function. Mitigation may also be required to avoid any increase

in risk

above

the preexisting

conditions

following abandonment of the activity.

Cowlitz County Code Chapter 19. 15 CRITICAL AREAS

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Critical aquifer recharge areas.

19. 15. 160

A. Critical Aquifer Recharge Areas Designation and Classification.

categorized according to the following standards and mapped on Cowlitz County CARAs Map: a. Severe Aquifer Susceptibility.

Those areas within Group A 10- year time of travel wellhead protection

areas( WHPAs) or Group B WHPAs per( WAC 246- 291- 125( 3)( ii)) where geologic conditions allow for rapid recharge with little restrictive layer protection, high soil permeability, and other similar factors. b. Moderate Aquifer Susceptibility. Those areas within Group A 10- year time of travel WHPAs or Group B WHPAs where geologic conditions allow for moderate recharge with moderate restrictive layer

protection, moderate soil permeability, and other similar factors. c. Slight Aquifer Susceptibility. Those areas within Group A 10- year time of travel WHPAs or Group B WHPAs where geologic conditions provide low permeability and infiltration, more restrictive geology, and/ or lower levels of precipitation. d. If special groundwater management areas or susceptible groundwater management areas are established in Cowlitz County in accordance with WAC 173- 200- 090 or 173- 100- 010, respectively, these areas shall considered areas of special protection and designated with severe susceptibility.

e. In the event that new Group A or Group B wells are developed in Cowlitz County, the areas around those wells will be considered CARAs using the Cowlitz County CARAs Map in accordance with the severe, moderate, and slight aquifer susceptibility characteristics described above.

f.If the 10- year time-of-travel area is unavailable or unmapped, the area shall be the Washington State Department of Health assigned area. 2. Exemptions. Activities that are exempt from the requirements of this section can be found in CCC 19. 15. 070, Exemptions.

to the general critical area assessment requirements of CCC 19. 15. 090( F)( 2), Critical Area Assessments, CARAs must meet the requirements of this section.

1. Preparation by a Qualified Professional. A qualified professional shall prepare an CARA critical area assessment.

2. Level One Hydrogeologic Assessment. A level one hydrogeologic assessment shall include the following site and proposal related information at a minimum:

a. Available information regarding geologic and hydrogeologic characteristics of the site including the surface location of all CARAs located on site or immediately adjacent to the site, and permeability of the unsaturated zone; b. Groundwater

depth, flow direction,

and gradient

based

available

information;

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c. Currently available data on wells and springs within 1, 300 feet of the project area; d. Location of other critical areas, including surface waters, within 1, 300 feet of the project area; e. Available historic water quality data for the area to be affected by the proposed activity; and

f.Best management practices proposed to be utilized. 3. Level Two Hydrogeologic Assessment. A level two hydrogeologic assessment shall include the following site- and proposal- related information at a minimum, in addition to the requirements for a level one hydrogeological

assessment:

a. Historic water quality data for the area to be affected by the proposed activity compiled for at least the previous five- year period; b. Groundwater

monitoring plan provisions;

c. Discussion of the effects of the proposed project on the groundwater quality and quantity, including:

i. Predictive evaluation of groundwater withdrawal effects on nearby wells and surface water features; and

ii. Predictive evaluation of contaminant transport based on potential releases to groundwater; and iii. A spill plan that identifies equipment and/ or structures that could fail, resulting in an impact. Spill plans shall include provisions for regular inspection, repair, and replacement of structures and equipment

D. Development

that could fail.

Standards—

General

Requirements.

1. Activities may only be permitted in a critical aquifer recharge area( CARA) if the applicant can show that the proposed activity will not cause contaminants to enter the aquifer and that the proposed activity will not adversely affect the recharging of the aquifer. 2. The proposed activity must comply with the recommendations of the Washington State Department of Health and the Cowlitz County Health Department. 3. The proposed activity must be designed and constructed in accordance with the locally adopted surface water management and/ or stormwater regulations. If no surface water or stormwater management regulations have

been adopted at the time of application, this standard does not apply. 4. Hydrogeologic

Assessment.

a. For all proposed activities in a CARA with slight susceptibility,

no hydrogeologic

assessment is

required unless requested by the Director. All activities must meet the requirements of this chapter. b. For all proposed activities in a CARA with moderate susceptibility, a level one hydrogeological assessment

is required.

c. For the following activities in a CARA with moderate susceptibility,

a level two hydrogeologic

assessment shall be required for any of the following proposed activities: i. Activities that result in new impervious surface equal to 15 percent or more of the parcel, or 15 percent or more of the sum total of the parcels impacted area; ii. The use of hazardous substances, other than household chemicals; or

iii. Any other activity determined by the Director likely to have an adverse impact on groundwater quality

quantity

the recharge

of the aquifer.

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d. Activities within a parcel that occur within one year of each other shall be considered to be the same project and subject to the sum of the areas impacted. The period of occurrence shall be measured from the acceptance of one project to the vesting date of the next project. e. For all proposed activities in a CARA with severe susceptibility,

a level two hydrogeologic

assessment

is required.

E. Development

Standards—

Specific Uses.

Dangerous Waste Regulations, or any other substances, solids, or liquids in quantities identified by the County Health Department, consistent with Chapter 173- 303 WAC, as a risk to groundwater

quality, shall conform to

CCC 16. 05. 060, the International Fire Code, and Chapter 173- 360 WAC, Underground Storage Tank Regulations.

2. Vehicle Repair and Servicing and Accessory Uses. a. Activities must be conducted over impermeable pads and within a covered structure capable of withstanding normally expected weather conditions. Chemicals used in the process of vehicle repair and

servicing or accessory uses must be stored in a manner that protects them from weather and provides containment should leaks occur.

b. No dry wells shall be allowed in CARAs on sites used for vehicle repair and servicing. Dry wells existing on the site prior to facility establishment must be abandoned using techniques approved by the state Department of Ecology prior to commencement of the proposed activity. 3. Utility Transmission Facilities. Utility transmission facilities which carry liquid petroleum products or any

other hazardous substance as defined in Chapter 173- 3 03 WAC may be permitted within severe and moderate susceptibility CARAs only when demonstrated by a qualified professional that the design, location, and monitoring of the proposed facility will not cause contaminants to enter the aquifer and that the proposed activity will not adversely affect the recharging of the aquifer. F. Uses Prohibited from Moderate and Severe Susceptibility

CARAs.

1. Landfills. Landfills, including hazardous or dangerous waste, municipal solid waste, special waste, wood waste, and inert and demolition waste landfills;

2. Wood Treatment Facilities. Wood treatment facilities that allow any portion of the treatment process to occur over permeable surfaces( both natural and manmade);

3. Storage, Processing, or Disposal of Radioactive Substances. Facilities that store, process, or dispose of radioactive substances, except for:

a. Medical equipment or materials that are used within a medical facility; and b. Medical waste as defined in RCW https://ww 70A. 390. 020 that is generated within a medical facility and held for proper disposal. w.codepu

blishing.c om/cgi19. 15. 170 Mitigation requirements. bin/rcw.pl A. Impacts. The applicant shall avoid all impacts that degrade the functions and values of a critical area or areas. ?cite= Unless otherwise provided in this chapter, all critical areas mitigation required pursuant to this chapter( either as a 70.99.020 permit condition or as the result of an enforcement action) shall use the best available science in accordance with an approved critical area assessment, mitigation plan, and State Environmental Policy Act documents so as to result in no

net loss of critical

area

functions

and

values.

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Compensatory mitigation shall not be used to offset impacts to critical aquifer recharge areas ( CARAs). Such impacts

shall be avoided

and minimized.

B. Mitigation Timing. When a mitigation plan is required, the plan shall be approved by the Department prior to any site disturbance at the development

site. The Department may seek assistance from resource agencies prior to

making a decision. It is preferred that compensatory mitigation projects be completed prior to activities that will impact wetlands. At the least, compensatory

mitigation shall be completed immediately

following disturbance and prior to use or

failure or significant construction difficulties. The delay shall not create or perpetuate hazardous conditions or environmental

damage or degradation,

and the delay shall not be injurious to the health, safety, and general welfare

of the public. The request for the temporary delay must include a written justification that documents the environmental constraints that preclude implementation of the mitigation plan. The justification must be verified and approved by the Director. C. Mitigation Sequencing. Applicants shall demonstrate that all reasonable efforts have been examined with the intent to avoid and minimize impacts to critical areas. When an alteration to a critical area is proposed, such alteration shall be avoided, minimized, or compensated for in the following sequential order of preference:

1. Avoiding the impact altogether by not taking a certain action or part of an action; 2. Minimizing the impact( s) by limiting the degree or magnitude of the action and its implementation, by using appropriate technology, or by taking affirmative steps, such as project redesign, relocation, or timing, to avoid or reduce impacts;

3. Rectifying the impacts by repairing, rehabilitating, or restoring the affected environment; 4. Minimizing or eliminating the hazard by restoring or stabilizing the hazard area through engineered or other methods;

5. Reducing or eliminating the impact or hazard over time by preservation and maintenance operations during the life of the action;

6. Compensating for the impacts by replacing, enhancing, or providing substitute resources or environments; and

7. Monitoring the required compensation and taking remedial or corrective measures when necessary. D. Type and Location of Mitigation. Compensatory

mitigation for impacts to critical areas and their buffers shall be

either in-kind and on- site, or in-kind and within the same stream reach, or subbasin, except when all of the following apply: 1. There

are no reasonable

on- site or in- subbasin

opportunities

or on- site and in- subbasin

opportunities

do not

have a high likelihood of success; and

2. Off-site mitigation has a greater likelihood of providing equal or improved critical area functions than the impacted critical area; and

3. One of the following applies: a. Established watershed goals for water quality, flood or conveyance, habitat, or other critical area functions

have been established

and strongly

justify location

of mitigation at another

site;

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b. Credits from a state- certified habitat and/ or wetland mitigation bank are used as mitigation and the use of credits is consistent with the terms of the bank' s certification under Chapter 173- 700 WAC. E. Mitigation

Performance

Standards.

areas shall achieve no net loss of water quality, biological or

functions.

3. The performance standards set forth in this subsection may be modified at the Director' s discretion if the applicant demonstrates that greater habitat functions, on a per function basis, can be obtained as a result of alternative mitigation measures.

4. Mitigation and associated buffers will take place on land controlled by the applicant, or the applicant may obtain a written agreement from the affected property owner( s) that acknowledges any increased buffers and their impacts to the property( s). The agreement must be in a form approved by the Director and be recorded with the Auditor' s office.

F. Mitigation Plan Requirements.

At a minimum, all mitigation plans shall meet the following standards:

1. A critical area assessment shall accompany or be included in the compensatory mitigation plan and include the minimum parameters described in CCC 19. 15. 090( F)( 2) and any of the additional requirements for these assessments dependent on the critical area type. A qualified professional shall prepare the critical area assessment and the mitigation plan. The plan shall be acceptable to the Director.

2. In addition to the requirements of CCC 19. 15. 090( F)( 2) and any additional requirements applicable to the specific critical area type, the critical area assessment shall include:

a. The name and contact information of the applicant; the name, qualifications, and contact information for the primary author( s) of the compensatory mitigation report; a description of the proposal; a summary of

the impacts and proposed compensation concept; identification of all the local, state, and/ or federal permit( s) required for the project; and a vicinity map for the project.

b. Description of how the development project has been designed to avoid, minimize, or reduce adverse impacts to the critical area( s) and buffer( s).

c. Description of the existing critical area( s) and buffer( s) proposed to altered. Include an assessment of existing site conditions, which may include acreage( or square footage), water regime, vegetation, soils,

vegetation, soils, landscape position, and surrounding land uses. e. A description of the proposed actions for compensation of the critical area( s) and buffer( s) affected by the project. Include overall goals of the proposed mitigation. f.A description of the proposed mitigation construction activities and timing of activities. g. Performance

standards( measurable

standards for years post- installation) for the critical area( s) and

buffer( s), a monitoring schedule, a maintenance schedule, and actions proposed by year. h. A discussion of ongoing management practices that will protect the critical area( s) and buffer( s) after the development project has been implemented, programs.

including proposed monitoring and maintenance

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i. Cost estimates for the installation of the mitigation program, monitoring, and a contingency plan in the event the stated performance standards are not accomplished. 3. The mitigation plan shall include: a. Mapped, ground-verified edges of the existing critical area( s) and buffer(s) to scale, and where applicable:

i. Existing and proposed critical area acreage; ii. Location of existing flora and fauna;

iii. Existing and proposed site conditions adjacent to the critical area; b. Maps of the mitigation area to scale.

c. A mitigation planting plan, drawn to scale, specifying plant species, quantities, locations, size, spacing, and density.

d. If applicable, proof of ownership or written permission from the landowner for use of the mitigation site;

e. Detailed construction plans, including: i. The proposed construction sequence, timing, and duration; ii. Grading and excavation details; iii. Erosion- and sediment- control features;

j. Where applicable, an evaluation of adverse impacts where mitigation measures will affect adjacent properties.

4. Buffer and RHA Mitigation Ratios. Impacts to buffers and/ or RHAs shall be mitigated at a minimum 1: 1

ratio. Compensatory buffer mitigation shall replace those buffer functions lost from development. 5. Mitigation Monitoring. Mitigation monitoring shall be required for a period necessary to establish that

performance standards have been met, but not for a period less than five years. The mitigation plan shall include monitoring elements that ensure success for the critical area and buffer functions. If the mitigation goals are not attained within the initially established monitoring period, the applicant remains responsible for managing the mitigation project until the goals of the mitigation plan are achieved. G. Alternative Mitigation Proposals. The Director may approve alternative critical areas mitigation proposals for mitigation projects of 10 acres or greater that are based on best available science, including but not limited to

The Director shall consider the following for approval of an alternative mitigation proposal: 1. The project

area

meets

the minimum

acreage

criteria;

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2. For habitat mitigation projects, creation or enhancement of a larger system of natural areas and open space is preferable to the preservation of many individual habitat areas; 3. Mitigation according to subsections C, D, and E of this section is not feasible due to site constraints such as parcel size, stream type, wetland category, or geologic hazards; 4. There is clear potential for success of the proposed mitigation at the proposed mitigation site;

5. The plan shall contain clear and measurable standards for achieving compliance with the specific provisions of the plan. A monitoring plan shall, at a minimum, meet the provisions in subsection( F)( 5) of this section; 6. The plan shall be reviewed and approved as part of overall approval of the proposed use; 7. A wetland of a different type is justified based on regional needs or functions and values; the replacement ratios may not be reduced or eliminated unless the reduction results in a preferred environmental

alternative;

8. Mitigation guarantees shall meet the minimum requirements as outlined in subsection J of this section;

9. Qualified professionals in each of the critical areas addressed shall prepare the plan; 10. The county may consult with agencies with expertise and jurisdiction over the resources in the review process to assist with analysis and identification of appropriate performance measures that adequately safeguard critical areas. The county may incorporate those agencies' recommendations into their final project approval criteria.

H. Signs and Fencing of Wetlands and Habitat Protection Areas. 1. Temporary Markers. The outer perimeter of the wetland, habitat protection area, riparian habitat area, or buffer and the limits of those areas to be disturbed pursuant to an approved permit or authorization shall be

marked in the field in such a way as to ensure that no unauthorized intrusion will occur, and such marking is subject to an inspection by the Director prior to the commencement

of permitted activities. This temporary

marking shall be maintained throughout construction and shall not be removed until permanent signs, if required, are in place. 2. Permanent Signs. As a condition of any permit or authorization issued, the Director may require the

applicant to install permanent signs along the boundary of a wetland, habitat protection area, riparian habitat area, or buffer.

a. Permanent signs shall be made of an enamel- coated metal face and attached to a metal post, or another nontreated material of equal durability or as approved by the Director. Signs must be posted at an interval of one per lot or within sight distance of each other, whichever is less, and must be maintained by the property owner in perpetuity. The sign shall be worded as follows or with alternative language approved by the Director: Protected

Critical

Area

Do Not Disturb

Contact Cowlitz County Building and Planning Regarding Uses and Restriction

b. The provisions of subsection( H)( 2)( a) of this section may be modified as necessary to assure protection of sensitive

features

or wildlife.

3. Fencing or Barriers.

a. As a condition of any permit or authorization, the applicant shall install a permanent fence or natural barrier at the edge of the wetland, wetland buffer, or habitat protection area buffer, when adjacent could degrade the critical area or its buffer. Natural barriers can include log fences, a five- footactivities

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wide planting of native shrubs generally considered impassible, or other natural barrier approved by the Director.

designed so as to not interfere with species migration, including fish runs, and shall be constructed in a manner that minimizes impacts to the wetland, habitat protection area, and associated buffer. I. Restoration. Restoration shall be required when a critical area has been altered by the landowner after the adoption

of the ordinance codified in this chapter and prior to project approval or when a critical area is temporarily affected by construction

or any other temporary phase of a project.

J. Mitigation Guarantees. As part of the mitigation plan the Director may require a mitigation guarantee. The

guarantee may include one or more of the following: 1. Deed Restriction. The applicant shall record a deed restriction in the County Auditor' s office declaring that the mitigation area as shown on the exhibits of the approved critical areas permit will be maintained as prescribed in the approved mitigation plan, and that future development activities will not occur within the

mitigation area, including the removal of native vegetation or disturbance of the soil. 2. Financial Guarantee. Financial guarantees ensuring fulfillment of the mitigation project, monitoring program, and any contingency measures shall be posted in accordance with the following: a. The financial guarantee shall be in a form of a surety bond, performance bond, assignment of savings

account, or an irrevocable letter of credit guaranteed by an acceptable financial institution with terms and conditions acceptable to the County Attorney.

request by the applicant and a final inspection, but may be held for longer periods when necessary.

19. 15. 180

Subdivisions

and short

subdivisions.

A. The subdivision and/ or short subdivision of land where critical area and/ or associated buffers are present are subject to the following: 1. Land that is located wholly within a critical area and/ or critical area buffer may not be subdivided.

2. Land that is located partially within a critical area and/ or critical area buffer may be subdivided provided that an accessible and contiguous portion of each new lot is: a. Located outside of the critical area and buffer; and

b. Meets the minimum lot size requirements of the underlying zone.

B. Erosion and Landslide Hazard Areas. Within erosion hazard areas and landslide hazard areas, subdivisions and

1. Open spaces may be required on subdivision and short subdivision proposals overlying areas with moderate or

severe

aquifer

classification.

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2. Community/ public water systems are encouraged and may be required where site conditions indicate a high degree of potential contamination to individual wells from on- site and off-site sources. 3. It may be required that contaminants be removed from stormwater runoff prior to their point of entry into surface or groundwater resources in accordance with specific plans prepared by a qualified professional to

include using available and reasonable best management practices by the Cowlitz County Engineer. D. Mitigation Guarantees. As part of the subdivision or short subdivision, the Director may require a mitigation guarantee. The guarantee may include one or more of the following: 1. Deed Restriction or Covenants, Codes, and Restrictions. The applicant shall record a deed restriction or

include within the covenants, codes, and restrictions for a subdivision or short subdivision in the County Auditor' s office a certification by the owner that the mitigation area as shown on the exhibits of the approved critical areas permit will be maintained as prescribed in the approved mitigation plan and that future development activities will not remove native vegetation or disturb the soil within the mitigation area without

prior approval of a critical areas permit.

2. Conservation Tract. The applicant shall record on the face of the plat for the subdivision or short subdivision a conservation tract in accordance with the approved mitigation area as shown on the exhibits of the approved

critical areas permit. The plat shall include a note for the conservation tract stating that no future development activities shall occur within the conservation tract without prior approval through a critical areas permit. 3. Financial Guarantee. If mitigation is required for the subdivision or short subdivision, financial guarantees ensuring fulfillment of the mitigation project, monitoring program, and any contingency measures shall be posted in accordance with the following: a. The financial guarantee shall be in a surety bond, performance bond, assignment of savings account, or an irrevocable letter of credit guaranteed by an acceptable financial institution, or other form with terms and conditions acceptable to the County Attorney.

b. Bonds or other security authorized by this section shall remain in effect until the county determines, in writing, that the standards bonded for have been met. Bonds or other security shall be held by the county for a minimum for the length of the time specified for monitoring in the plan and shall be released after a request by the applicant and a final inspection, but may be held for longer periods when necessary.

19. 15. 185

Public agency and utility exception.

A. If the application of the critical areas regulations would prohibit a development proposal by a public agency or

utility, the agency or utility may apply for an exception pursuant to this section. This chapter shall not be used to deny a development proposal from a public agency or public utility, if.

1. There is no practical alternative to the proposed project with less impact; 2. The ability of the public agency or utility to provide services to the public would be unreasonably

restricted.

3. Any impact or alteration to the critical area and/ or critical area buffer is the minimum necessary as demonstrated through mitigation sequencing; 4. The proposal attempts to protect and mitigate impacts to the critical area functions and values consistent with the best available science with the objective of no net loss of critical area functions and values; and

5. The proposal is consistent with other applicable regulations and standards. B. Review Process. The Director shall approve, approve with conditions, or deny the request based on the proposal' s

ability to comply with all the criteria in subsection( A) above. The burden of proof is on the applicant to provide adequate

information

for the Director to make

finding

of compliance

with the requirements

of this section.

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19. 15. 190

Reasonable

Page 66/ 71

use exception.

actions.

To avoid the taking of property without just compensation, this section establishes a reasonable use allowance from standard critical area protection regulations. Reasonable use shall be liberally construed to protect the constitutional property rights of the applicant. If the application of this chapter would result in denial of reasonable and economically viable use of a property, then

a landowner may seek a reasonable use allowance from the standards of this chapter. A reasonable use allowance is intended as a" last resort" when no plan for mitigation and/ or variance to other local land use standards can meet the

requirements of this chapter and allow the applicant a reasonable economically viable use of his or her property. A. Reasonable use allowances only apply to compliance with critical area requirements. They do not relieve the applicant of the duty to comply with other local, state, or federal requirements. B. The burden of proof is on the applicant to provide adequate information for the Director to make a finding of compliance with the requirements of this section.

C. Reasonable use allowance may only be granted for parcels created before the effective date of the ordinance codified in this chapter. Reasonable use allowances cannot be used to justify building on parcels not intended to be used as a building site( e. g., recreational lots, including those platted as common area). D. Two sets of options are available under the reasonable use allowance. 1. Option One— Administrative.

a. The maximum impact area shall not exceed 10 percent of the lot area or 2, 500 square feet, whichever is greater; provided, that in no instance shall it exceed 4, 000 square feet.

critical area and the critical area buffer given the characteristics and context of the site, critical area, and critical area buffer.

c. On sites where the approved 4, 000 square feet of developable area is not immediately adjacent to a public or private road and an extended driveway is required, the driveway area necessary to connect the developable area to the access point may be excluded from the 4, 000 square feet maximum disturbance. Extended driveways that result in critical area and/ or buffer impacts are subject to mitigation sequencing. 2. Option

Two—

Extraordinary

circumstances.

If, due to extraordinary

circumstances,

the allowed use and

maximum disturbance limits specified in subsection( D)( 1) of this section would preclude all reasonable use of a site, an owner of real property may apply to exceed those limits. An applicant may apply to exceed the allowances specified in subsection( D)( 1) of this section even if the applicant acquired an interest in the

property after enactment of the restrictive regulations, but the extent of the regulation' s interference with reasonable investment- backed expectations shall be considered in light of the regulations that existed at the

time the applicant acquired an interest in the property. E. Review process. 1. Applications

for reasonable use allowances under option one are reviewed and approved by the Director.

2. Applications for reasonable use allowances under option two are reviewed and approved by the Hearing Examiner. The Hearing Examiner shall take into account the restrictive regulation' s economic impact on the property, the extent of the regulation' s interference with reasonable investment- backed expectations, character

of the government

action.

and the

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F. Application for a reasonable use allowance shall include:

1. A description of the proposal, including the proposed site plan and construction staging for the proposal that will have the least impact to the critical area and critical area buffer;

2. Any related project documents such as applications to other agencies or environmental documents prepared pursuant to the State Environmental

Policy Act;

3. Required critical area reports, critical area delineations, and, for option 2, best available science documents

supporting the proposal; 4. A copy of proposed or approved stormwater and erosion control plans; 5. A narrative describing anticipated adverse impacts to the functions and values of critical areas, based on best available science, and explaining how the proposal meets the reasonable use allowance approval criteria; 6. Demonstration

that the proposal minimizes net loss of critical area functions to the greatest extent possible;

7. A site plan showing: a. The critical area, critical area buffer, and 10 foot buffer described in subsection( D)( 1)( a) of this section.

b. The proposed area of disturbance both on and off the subject property pursuant to the disturbance area limitations of subsection( D)( 1)( a) of this section.

c. All proposed structures and improvements meeting the conditions of subsection( D)( 1)( a) of this section, including: i. Building footprints, including garages and other storage structures; ii. Parking areas; iii. Driveways;

iv. Paved surfaces, such as walking paths; v. Patios, decks, and similar structures;

vi. Utility, septic, and stormwater improvements; vii. Yard landscaping; viii. Retaining walls and rockeries;

ix. All other hard surfaces including gravel; 8. Mitigation, Monitoring and Adaptive Management

Plans. Plans meeting the requirements

of CCC 19. 15. 170

for mitigating any adverse impacts or harm that would result in a net loss of the functions and values of critical areas, for monitoring the effectiveness of mitigation actions, and when necessary, for adaptively managing the

mitigation project to ensure its success; 9. A cost estimate, prepared by a qualified professional, for implementing mitigation and monitoring plans; 10. Financial Guarantee. A financial guarantee covering 115 percent of the cost of implementing mitigation and monitoring plans. This guarantee and the associated agreement must meet the requirements

of CCC 19. 15. 170.

G. Reasonable Use Allowance Approval Criteria. 1. The

application

complete

and includes

all

applicable

items

listed in subsection

F of this section.

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2. The parcel was determined to be a legal lot of record or determined as being owned by an innocent purchaser, and was established as a building site. 3. The applicant is unable to meet standard critical area protection regulations and the application of CCC 19. 15. 060 through 19. 15. 180 would deprive the land owner of all economic or beneficial use of the property. 4. The need for the allowance is not the result of action by current or previous property owners after the

effective date of the ordinance codified in this section( e. g., creating new parcels without a feasible building site or means of access).

5. Where possible, proposed development

areas are located in such a way as to avoid adverse impacts to the

functions and values of critical areas, considering the best available science. 6. The proposed development meets the requirements of either option one or two 7. The proposal is consistent with the requirements of subsections C and D of this section. H. Recording of Approved Allowance, Site Plan, and Notice to Title. The county shall require the owner to record a copy of the approved reasonable use allowance and site plan, along with a notice to title referencing the plan, in a

form approved by the County, with the cost of recordation included in the application fee.

19. 15. 195

Variance.

under regulations in effect prior to the effective date of the ordinance codified in this Chapter will not be the sole basis for the granting of the variance.

A. A Hearing Examiner possesses powers and authority under this subsection as set forth in Chapter 2. 05 CCC. B. Critical areas variance procedures.

1. Upon receipt of a complete application for a critical areas variance, the Director shall set the time and place for a public hearing on the subject matter. 2. Written notice of the critical areas variance hearing shall be mailed to all landowners of record within 300 feet of the subject property. Said notice shall be addressed as shown on the current tax rolls and transmitted via

U. S. mail not less than 14 days prior to the hearing date. 3. Notice of time, place, and purpose of the critical areas variance hearing shall be made not less than 14 days prior to the hearing date. A copy of the Hearing Examiner' s hearing notice shall be transmitted to the applicant. 4. The Hearing Examiner shall, in making an order, decision, or termination, include in the written record of

the case the findings of fact upon which the action is based. The Hearing Examiner decision shall be appealable in the manner to a court of competent jurisdiction as proscribed by state law.

C. The Hearing Examiner must ensure the opportunity for public comment, including that from appropriate Federal, State, and Tribal natural resource agencies, to ensure the use of best available science before deciding on variance requests and must develop and maintain a public record on each variance request which includes all findings, assessments and public comments. Such record must be made available to the public before the variance decision is made.

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1. The variance will not be materially detrimental to public health, or injurious to property in the vicinity or district in which the property is located; and 2. The issuance of a land use ordinance variance by itself will not provide sufficient relief to avoid the need for a variance to the dimensional setback and other requirements

for the critical areas regulated by this Chapter;

and

applicable critical area type found in this chapter. The critical areas report and mitigation plan must be prepared using best available science; and 4. The conclusions of the critical areas assessment must use best available science to support a modification of the dimensional requirements of this Chapter; and

5. The critical areas assessment and mitigation plan demonstrate that the proposed project allows for development of the subject parcel with the least impact on critical areas while providing a reasonable use of the property; and 6. The reasons set forth in the application justify the granting of the variance, and the variance is the minimum

variance that will make possible the reasonable use of the land, building, or structure; and 7. The granting of the variance will be consistent with the general purpose and intent of this Chapter, and will ensure no net loss of ecological functions of the associated critical areas; provided, that if the proposal is within the special flood hazard area, the applicant must demonstrate that the proposal is not likely to adversely affect species protected under the Endangered Species Act, or their habitat; and 8. The inability of the applicant to meet the dimensional

standards is not the result of actions by the current or

previous owner in subdividing the property or adjusting a boundary line after the effective date of the ordinance codified

in this Chapter;

and

9. The granting of the variance is justified to cure a special circumstance

and not simply for the economic

convenience of the applicant; and

10. Reasonable use cannot be achieved through the process described in CCC 19. 15. 190. E. In granting any variance, the Hearing Examiner will prescribe such conditions and safeguards as are necessary to secure adequate protection of critical areas from adverse impacts and to ensure that impacts to critical areas or their

buffers are mitigated to the extent feasible utilizing best available science. The Hearing Examiner must consider and incorporate, as appropriate, recommendations from Federal, State, and Tribal resource agencies.

F. The County will maintain a record of all decisions made on requests for variances. Such record must include the basis and rationale for any such decision as well as any comments provided by Federal, State, or Tribal natural resource agencies. Such record must be made available to the public upon request. G. A variance will expire if the use or activity for which it is granted is not commenced within three years of final approval by the Hearing Examiner. Knowledge of the expiration date is the responsibility of the applicant.

H. Appeals of the Hearing Examiner decisions on variance requests must be made pursuant to the provisions of CCC 2. 05.

19. 15. 200

Appeals.

Any interpretation

or decision made by the Director in the administration

of this chapter is final and conclusive

unless appealed to the Cowlitz County Hearing Examiner as authorized by Cowlitz County Ordinance No. 95- 193. Appeals of decisions made by other bodies shall be as directed by the appropriate county code governing the underlying

action.

Cowlitz County Code Chapter 19. 15 CRITICAL AREAS

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by resolution by the Board. Any appeal shall as a minimum contain the following information: 1. An explanation and description of how the appellant is aggrieved;

2. A statement describing why the appellant believes the decision of the Director is in error and the specific relief sought;

4. A statement describing any mitigating measures the appellant proposes to assure that the function of the critical area will not be irrevocably jeopardized in the event the appeal is successful. B. Upon the filing of an appeal with appropriate fee, the Director shall set forth the time and place for a public hearing before the Hearing Examiner on the matter. If the appeal is filed 20 days or more before the Hearing Examiner' s regularly scheduled monthly meeting, he/ she shall hear the appeal at that meeting. For appeals filed

within 19 days of the regularly scheduled monthly meeting, the Hearing Examiner shall hear the appeal in the subsequent month.

of fact on which his/ her decision is based. Such written decision shall be available to the appellant and the public upon request.

E. The Director shall transmit the application and appeal information to the Hearing Examiner at least five days

prior to the public hearing. The Director may provide additional information if the appeal contains material or facts not available prior to the Director' s decision.

F. The Hearing Examiner shall determine if the appeal should be upheld, upheld with conditions, or denied. Any person aggrieved by the decision of the Hearing Examiner regarding a permit pursuant to this chapter may request relief from the Superior Court of Cowlitz County pursuant to state law.

19. 15. 210

Penalties—

Violations.

It is a civil infraction for any person to violate this chapter or assist in the violation of this chapter. Violations are

19. 15. 220

Fees.

Fees, in the amount established by the Board of County Commissioners, shall be paid to the Department when an application for a planning clearance and permit is filed.

19. 15. 230

Liability for damages.

herein

authorized.

Cowlitz County Code Chapter 19. 15 CRITICAL AREAS

19. 15. 240

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Severability.

Should any section, clause or provision of this chapter or any code adopted be declared by a court to be invalid, the same shall not affect the validity of the remainder, either in whole or in part.

19. 15. 250

Effective

date.

This chapter shall become effective September 10, 2026.

1 See page 6 of" Priority Habitats and Species List," Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife, 2008, Olympia, Washington. 177 p.

VVTZ

Department of Building &

eoUP

207 Fourth Avenue

Planning

North

Kelso, WA 98626 TEL ( 360)

577- 3052

Board of County Commissioners

FAX( 360) 414- 5550 o

www. co. cowlitzma. us/ buildplan

Steve Rader

District

Steven

L. Ferrell

District

Richard

R. Dahl

District

SHINGIG) Letter of Transmittal

To:

Cowlitz County Board of County Commissioners

From: Cowlitz County Planning Manager Adam Trimble Date:

August 4, 2026

Re:

Transmitting the Planning Commission recommendation on the Cowlitz County Critical Areas Ordinance Providing Revisions to CCC 19. 15

Having held a duly noticed public hearing members of the Planning Commission does hereby recommend to

the Cowlitz County Board of County Commissioners the adoption of the PROPOSED COWLITZ COUNTY CRITICAL AREAS ORDINANCE UPDATE PROVIDING REVISIONS TO CHAPTER

19. 15 and makes the following findings: WHEREAS, RCW 36. 70A requires that all governmental jurisdiction, cities and counties, designate natural resource

lands and critical areas action to update its development

compliance

with the Growth Management

WHEREAS, recharging

Critical

effect

Areas aquifers

are

identified

regulations

to ensure the regulations

are in

Act;

areas

used for potable

and

ecosystems: (

water; ( c)

fish and

Wetlands; ( b) areas

wildlife

habitat

with

conservation

a critical areas; (

frequently flooded areas; and( e) geologically hazardous areas; WHEREAS, in 2016 Cowlitz County adopted an updated Critical Areas Ordinance, Ordinance No. 16- 174, providing for the designation and regulation of critical areas, Cowlitz County Code 19. 15; WHEREAS, RCW 36. 70A. 130 requires that Cowlitz County take legislative action on a 10- year interval to revise its policies and development

regulations regarding critical areas adopted according to this chapter to

ensure these policies and regulations comply with the requirements of this chapter; WHEREAS, RCW 36.70A. 172 ensures all counties and cities include the best available science in developing policies and development regulations to protect the functions and values of critical areas. WHEREAS,

Cowlitz County reviewed the applicable Best Available Science for use in development of the

updated Critical Areas Code;

WHEREAS, Cowlitz County provides a Finding of Fact attached to this document that demonstrates findings and

conclusions;

WHEREAS, Cowlitz County further seeks to improve the Critical Areas Ordinance to ensure reasonable use of

property, flexibility in assessments, exemptions, and consistency, dependability and predictability within and amongst various sections of the County Code, and therefore desires updates that improve code administration and review process; WHEREAS, Cowlitz County held 5 public participation meetings to gather public input; WHEREAS, Cowlitz County Planning Commission held two open record public hearings to hear public testimony and refine the draft ordinance;

At the July 30, 2026 Special Meeting, a majority of the 5 present members of the Cowlitz County Planning Commission voted to recommend:

The Cowlitz Board of County Commissioners adopt the proposed Cowlitz County Critical Areas Ordinance Updates, based on the fact that we do not have the funding to do a best available science specifically for Cowlitz County. I, therefore being duly authorized by the Cowlitz County Planning Commission do hereby transmit to the Board of County Commissioners a recommendation to adopt the Cowlitz County Critical Areas Ordinance Updates, providing revisions to the Critical Areas Ordinance within the Cowlitz County Code.

Date: 08/ 04/ 2026 Adam

Trimble,

Planning

Manager