American History

American History June 13, 2014

American History

Cowan’s 6270 Este Avenue Cincinnati, OH 45232 513.871.1670 Fax 513.871.8670

cowans.com

Auction June 13, 2014 10 a.m.

Exhibition June 12, 2014 Noon - 5 p.m.

June 13, 2014 8 a.m. - 10 a.m.

Bid In person, by phone, absentee or live online.

Phone and Absentee Bidding 513.871.1670 or cowans.com Buyer’s Premium 17.5%

Specialists For This Auction

Wes Cowan

Katie Horstman historic@cowans.com

Matt Chapman matt@cowans.com

Contributors: Allen Cebula Pat Tench Steven Cochran Emily Jansen Payne

Cowan’s is pleased to offer property from the following: The Paul DeHaan Collection of Items Related to Admiral D.G. Farragut and the USS Hartford The Tom MacDonald Maine Civil War CDV Collection The Walter Burton Aviation Collection Estate of Kenneth Erwin, Portland, Michigan J. Richard Pierce Collection of American Parade Flags The Rick Mach Collection of Civil War & Western Photography Material Descended Directly in the Family of General Thomas H. Ruger

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COWAN’S AMERICAN HISTORY

Mike Vigna

American History

Lots 1 - 608

SEE DETAILED DESCRIPTIONS, ADDITIONAL PHOTOGRAPHS AND CONDITION REPORTS OF ALL LOTS AT COWANS.COM

JUNE 13, 2014 CINCINNATI, OHIO

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EARLY PHOTOGRAPHY

1 Very Rare Lewis-Style Whole Plate Daguerreotype Camera with Early Modifications Whole plate (6.5 x 8.5 in.) Lewis-type daguerreotype camera with rosewood veneer body, blackened bed, and single top-loading trap door with original ceramic knob. The firm of W. & W.H. Lewis, in New Windsor, NY, was the first to incorporate bellows into an American daguerreotype camera design. The bellows look to be original. With the chamfered front characteristic of the early Lewis design. 25.25 x 13.25 x 16.25 in. high.

Although originally manufactured as a full-plate Lewis-style daguerreotype camera, ca 1857, this example was modified for swings and tilts of the rear box not long after it was originally made. Camera movements such as these were first patented in America in the mid-1860s. The materials and expert craftsmanship employed in the modification of this camera would indicate that the camera was not very old when the photographer decided to have it modified.

The camera is fitted with a brass lens engraved Holmes Booth & Haydens / New York / N. 3957. Like the camera, the lens likely dates to ca 1857, although that is not an indication that the lens is original to the camera. A Waterhouse slot was hand-cut into the lens at a later time, and 3 Waterhouse-type aperture plates are included, as is the original lens cover.

This is apparently only the second whole plate Lewis-style daguerreotype camera known. The early, specific and expertly crafted modifications do not detract from the rarity of this probably unique daguerreian-era camera.

Our sincere thanks to Ken Nelson and Mike Robinson for providing a wealth of information regarding this camera. $8,000 - $12,000

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detail

EARLY PHOTOGRAPHY 2 Half Plate Daguerreotype of Mounted Rifleman Half plate daguerreotype of an unidentified Mounted Rifleman wearing the M1839 pattern hat and a later style frock coat; he wears trousers with a single large stripe at the seam. At his waist is the rare M1849 Rifleman’s knife made by Ames under contract expressly for the Regiment of Mounted Rifles in 1849 along with a civilian pepperbox revolver. He holds a M1841 Mississippi rifle complete with sling. In a half case. Written in period ink behind the plate is the following: Charles E. Alexander. King Georg County Virginia. Taken on his way to California, April 1849. The daguerreotype was likely taken in St. Louis while the regiment was posted to Jefferson Barracks recruiting and awaiting orders for the Oregon Trail. $4,000 - $6,000

3 Truman Cross, First American Killed in the Mexican War, Half Plate, Period Copy Daguerreotype Half plate period copy daguerreotype, housed in a full leather case. Source photograph probably made by James R. Clarke of New York or M.A. Root of Philadelphia, both of whom have been credited by illustrators of Cross.

Truman Cross (1796/1799-1846) was a colonel and assistant quartermaster general who is considered the first American casualty of the Mexican War. On April 10, 1846, while posted at the headquarters of Gen. Zachary Taylor along the North bank of the Rio Grande, Col. Cross went out alone on a routine horseback ride and never returned. His comrades organized numerous search parties, some of which led to minor skirmishing with the Mexicans including the death of an American officer. His body was eventually found in the desert, stripped of its clothing and supplies. Hostilities continued to escalate until Mexican Gen. Arista’s attack on Capt. Thornton’s patrol on April 25, leading to the US Congress’ declaration of war on May 13.

Cross’ began his military career as as ensign of infantry in 1814, and served under Andrew Jackson, Winfield Scott, Thomas Jessup, and others on his way to becoming one of only 19 full colonels in the regular army at the time of his death. $4,000 - $6,000

SEE DETAILED DESCRIPTIONS, ADDITIONAL PHOTOGRAPHS AND CONDITION REPORTS OF ALL LOTS AT COWANS.COM

JUNE 13, 2014 CINCINNATI, OHIO

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EARLY PHOTOGRAPHY 4 Half Plate Daguerreotype of New England Militia Officer, Ca 1850s Anonymous, gold-tinted, half-plate daguerreotype portrait of an unidentified New England militia officer, state and unit unknown, dressed in a single-breasted coat with a tan-colored collar and slash cuffs as well as white leather gauntlets. The subject holds a Generaland-Staff sword in his right hand and a Chapeau-Bras adorned with spread eagle and plume in his left. The gold-braided aiguillettes that rest upon his chest are an indication that he might have served as an Aide or Aide de Camp.

Housed in full case, with the following faint pencil inscription on case interior: Your Friend Sergt. I A Blatturburger / Major F G Morris M D. We have been unable to locate service records for a Sergeant Blatturburger or Major F.G. Morris. $1,500 - $2,500

5 Half Plate Daguerreotype of Early California Attorney, Hall McAllister and his Wife Half plate daguerreotype of Hall McAllister (1825-1888) and his wife, matted and housed in wall frame, 4.75 x 6 in., with typed label affixed on verso identifying the subjects as Father and Mother/ Mr. and Mrs. Hall McAllister.

McAllister was one of the first (and wealthiest) attorney’s in California, practicing there from 1849 until his death. A leader of the California Bar, his statue is located at City Hall in San Francisco. His father, Matthew Hall McAllister (1800-65) was Mayor of Savannah, a Georgia state senator, and, in 1855, the first Judge of the U.S. Circuit Court for the District of California. His brother, Ward McAllister (1827-95), was an S.F. Attorney and NY Socialite who coined the phrase “The Four Hundred.”

Given his wife’s age, we would presume that the daguerreotype was taken in the mid-1850s, and therefore most likely taken in San Francisco.

This may be one the earliest known photographs of McAllister. $1,000 - $1,500

6 Boston Daguerreotypist, Reuben F. Lovering, Half Plate Daguerreotype of Three Women, Including Lovering’s Wife Half plate, beautifully posed daguerreotype portrait of three attractive women, housed under a decorative mat in an oval, gilt frame, 9 x 10.25 in. Although unmarked, an inked note affixed on frame verso, dated 1937 and presumably written by a Lovering family descendant, identifies Reuben F. Lovering as the photographer. The note identifies the sitters as follows: Amanda Roby Whittle (m. Dr. Joshua F. Wh., brother of 2 below). Martha A. Whittle Lovering (m. Reuben F. Lov.) photographer.

Mary Elizabeth Whittle Lovering (m. Joseph H. Lov.; brother of Reuben).

Hillsborough, N.H. Circa 1853-55.

Reuben Lovering has been identified as working at Plumbe’s Daguerreian Gallery from 1843-1847, and he purportedly wintered in Columbus, GA in 1846. He was also listed as a Boston daguerreotypist from 1843-1851 and 1855. Between 1850-1851, it is likely that Lovering worked with his brother, Joseph, who lived at the same Boston address as Reuben during that year. From 1859-1861, he was listed at a Montgomery St., San Francisco, CA address, and was in a partnership with Charles F. Hamilton. $500 - $700 6

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EARLY PHOTOGRAPHY 7 Seven Quarter Plate Daguerreotypes of Petersburgh, Virginia, Graduates, 1851 Seven quarter plate daguerreotypes, framed together with a hand-written calligraphic label identifying the subjects as William Caruthers (First Honor), J.B. Shearer, I.A. Paul, J.D. Meredith, S. Selden, T.J. Garden(?), and R. Dabney. Photo Credit to G.W. Minnis of Petersburgh, VA, dated June 12, 1851. The images and the label were originally found in an uncased pile of bare daguerreotype plates.

Each student proudly wears the sash of the Union Society or the ribbon of the Philanthropic Society. Hampden Sydney is America’s tenth oldest college. The Union Literary Society was founded in 1789 and the Philanthropic Society in 1805. The two societies combined in 1929 to form the present-day Union-Philanthropic Society.

The consignor previously discovered an article entitled “Reminiscences 1849-1851” from a 1910 Hampden Sydney student magazine, and in this short article, J. B. Shearer recounts memories of his school years and some of the antics of a few of his classmates. Five of the seven students pictured in these daguerreotypes were already dead by 1910 when Shearer wrote his reminiscences.

This group of daguerreotypes and calligraphic label from the Minnis Daguerreian Gallery record a representative group of Southern gentlemen coming of age in antebellum Virginia, poised on the threshold of an era that would devastate their state with war and reconstruction. $5,000 - $7,000

8 Exceptional Hand-Tinted Postmortem Stereodaguerreotype in a Mascher Case Quarter plate Mascher Improved Stereoscope case containing a postmortem stereodaguerreotype of a young girl in a blue-tinted dress lying on a nicely red-tinted quilt. She holds a single flower in one hand. Evidence of illness is apparent when viewing in 3-D, including sunken eyes and emaciated arms and fingers. The two plates are held in place with strips of unexposed plates at top and bottom. $1,500 - $2,500

9 Quarter Plate, Outdoor Daguerreotype of Rose Hill Mansion, Geneva, New York Quarter plate daguerreotype of Rose Hill Mansion in Geneva, NY. The Greek Revival mansion overlooking Seneca Lake was built in 1839 by New York City wool broker General William K. Strong. The property was declared a National Historic landmark in 1986 and is now open to the public. Housed in a full pressed paper case. $1,000 - $1,500

SEE DETAILED DESCRIPTIONS, ADDITIONAL PHOTOGRAPHS AND CONDITION REPORTS OF ALL LOTS AT COWANS.COM

JUNE 13, 2014 CINCINNATI, OHIO

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EARLY PHOTOGRAPHY

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10 Exceptional Ambrotype of an Erie Canal Scene Quarter plate ambrotype of a Utica & Durhamville Express S.C.C. steam canal boat, with over 20 people posed on boards, docked at the C. Peckham & Son market house and inn, the canal level with a sign above one door reading Oats. Housed in a pressed paper case, separated at the spine. $800 - $1,000

11 Quarter Plate, Outdoor Ambrotype Capturing a Survey Party or Railroad Workers Quarter plate ambrotype of twelve men posed with surveying equipment at a camp of tepee-like tents. Housed in a pressed paper case, separated at the spine. $700 - $900

12 Quarter Plate Daguerreotype of Aunt Jane & Uncle Jerry, Slaves Owned by Norfolk, Virginia, Family Quarter plate daguerreotype of an African American couple on their wedding day, both well dressed, the woman with a green-tinted dress and both with gold-tinted jewelry. The portrait was possibly taken in the Jesse H. Whitehurst gallery, as the same style of chair is seen in other Whitehurst daguerreotypes. A CDV copy of the same image by T.W. Clark of Norfolk, VA, is included, identifying the couple as Aunt Jane and Uncle Jerry. Clark was an operator at Whitehurst’s Norfolk gallery and later operated the gallery under his own name.

Accompanied by research strongly suggesting the couple were slaves who belonged to John Andrew Simpson of Chesterfield County and Norfolk, VA. According to family tradition, Jane and Jerry cared for Simpson’s family while he served in the Confederate Army. $4,000 - $6,000

13 Sixth Plate Daguerreotype of a White Girl and her Slave Sixth plate daguerreotype of a young white girl sitting in a high chair beside an African American slave boy. Note the difference in the quality of their clothing, as well as the photographer’s focus on the girl, who exhibits crisp, clear features, as opposed to the boy’s image, which is much softer. Housed in a pressed paper case, separated at the spine. From a North Carolina estate. $2,500 - $3,500

COWAN’S AMERICAN HISTORY

EARLY PHOTOGRAPHY

14 Striking Sixth Plate Ambrotype of a Female Slave, Two White Children, & their Mother Hand-tinted, sixth plate ambrotype of a female slave, possibly a nurse, posed with two white children, taken ca 1858, photographer unknown. Removing the brass mat reveals the mother standing behind, steadying her daughter’s head. Found in Lynchburg, VA. Housed in half, worn leather case. $1,000 - $1,500

15 Sixth Plate Daguerreotype of an African American Woman, by Moissenet of New Orleans Sixth plate daguerreotype of an African American woman wearing a dress and bonnet, with tinted green, pink, blue, and black accents.

Housed in a paper case with the imprinted pad of F. Moissenet / Dag. Typist / No. 1 Camp Street, N.O. Probably a free black, of which there where many in New Orleans, due to the woman’s dress, though it is certainly possible that she was a house slave outfitted for the occasion. $800 - $1,000

16 Scarce Postmortem Daguerreotype of an African American Man Sixth plate postmortem daguerreotype of an African American, probably mixed race man. This image was found in New Orleans, but it is unknown if the man was a freedman or house slave whose master felt moved enough to commission this memory of one who otherwise would never be photographed. Housed in a damaged case. $800 - $1,200

17 Sixth Plate Daguerreotype of a Group of Pacific Islanders Sixth plate daguerreotype portrait of a group of five Pacific Islanders, possibly Hawaiian or Polynesian, including three men and two women, their necklaces and pendants tinted silver and gold. Housed in full, thermoplastic case. $500 - $700

SEE DETAILED DESCRIPTIONS, ADDITIONAL PHOTOGRAPHS AND CONDITION REPORTS OF ALL LOTS AT COWANS.COM

JUNE 13, 2014 CINCINNATI, OHIO

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EARLY PHOTOGRAPHY

18 Sixth Plate Daguerreotype of an Identified Seneca Indian Woman Sixth plate daguerreotype of a Seneca Indian woman wrapped in a common trade blanket. Accompanied by a period inked note reading: Dwiouski / (Showsky for Hannah) / Ischunuongwandt / (Tunangwant).

Housed in a half case.

We could find no record of “Dwiouski,” but the Tunungwant Creek (often referred to as the Tuna Creek) is located in the Allegheny Mountains near Bradford, PA, and feeds into the Allegheny River just north of the Pennsylvania-New York border. Ischunuongwandt was the Iroquois name for the creek, and that name appears on at least one map by Howell, ca 1792. $1,000 - $1,500

20 Sixth Plate Daguerreotype of a Heavily Armed Hunter Impressive, sixth plate daguerreotype of an aged gentleman holding what looks like a respectable rack from a Whitetail deer, which appears fairly fresh considering that the remaining skull is unbleached and somewhat crusty. He wears a woodsman’s belt ax in a leather holster fastened to a belt. The white bone-like item hanging from his leather strap is a powder measure made from an antler tip, hollowed out to hold a pre-measure of black powder. A compass is also affixed to the strap. Near the belt ax, partially hidden by his arm and gun, is what looks like a powder horn. He is also sporting a half stock percussion hunting rifle. Image housed in a pressed paper case. $3,000 - $5,000

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COWAN’S AMERICAN HISTORY

19 Sixth Plate Daguerreotype of Tillie Saterwhite, a Cherokee Indian Sixth plate daguerreotype of a Native American woman holding a book. Housed in a half case with a penciled note under the plate reading: Aunt Tillie Saterwhite on mother’s side She of Cherokee blood. $500 - $700

EARLY PHOTOGRAPHY

21 Sixth Plate Outdoor Daguerreotype Showing Men & Children Outside a Post Office, Most Likely in Northern Connecticut Sixth plate daguerreotype showing four children and two men, one of whom gives a salute, standing in front of a small building. All subjects hold their hats in their hands. Signs above the building’s two doors read Post Office and E. Bailey Jr. / Cheap Cash Store. Housed in a pressed paper case, separated at the spine. $1,000 - $1,500

22 Sixth Plate, Outdoor Daguerreotype of Cascading Falls Sixth plate daguerreotype of a partially-frozen waterfall, the water cascading down several terrace-like steps. A mill house sits at the top of the falls and a wooden footbridge extends across the entire frame.

Matted under glass but uncased. $400 - $600

detail

23 Walking Stick with Daguerreotype Inset in Knob A 1 in. diameter daguerreotype of a mother and child inset in the painted wooden knob of walking stick with an overall length of 35.5 in. $600 - $800

SEE DETAILED DESCRIPTIONS, ADDITIONAL PHOTOGRAPHS AND CONDITION REPORTS OF ALL LOTS AT COWANS.COM

JUNE 13, 2014 CINCINNATI, OHIO

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REVOLUTIONARY WAR

24 Benedict Arnold, War Date ALS, November 2, 1779 Benedict Arnold (1841-1901). General in the Continental Army and British Army during the American Revolution, his defection making him synonymous with treason and betrayal. ALS, 3pp, 6 x 7.25 in., dated Nov. 2, 1779, at Philadelphia, addressed to Mr. Jacob Thompson of New Haven. Arnold explains that, as people no longer fear the British Army will return to New Haven, he would like once more to attempt to sell his house, for 1,000 pounds hard money or 30,000 in paper money, and directs Thompson to place an ad in the newspaper and inform him of any offers. He also notes that he would like to visit New Haven soon, but his time and

25 Brig. General Moses Cleaveland, Revolutionary War DS, December 1, 1779 Moses Cleaveland (1754-1806). Captain in the 2nd Connecticut Regiment and Continental Army’s Corps of Engineers during the American Revolution, brigadier general of militia, and best known as the founder of Cleveland, OH. Partially-printed DS, 4 x 7.75 in., dated at Hartford, CT, Dec. 1, 1779, a receipt for $433.50 in interest paid on two Continental Certificates in favor of Col. Aaron Cleveland (Moses’ father, 1727-1785). $700 - $900

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COWAN’S AMERICAN HISTORY

money are tied up until the Continental Congress delivers its decision regarding his public debts.

Arnold had initiated his contact with the British in May of 1779, just six months before the writing of this letter, so he clearly had reason to sell off his New Haven home as soon as possible, as it would surely be seized following his defection. His mention of his financial problems due to Continental Congress are important too, as this is usually cited as one of the main factors resulting in his treason, specifically Congress’ finding him in debt despite his generous financial contributions to the war effort earlier on. Arnold would be exposed by the capture of Major Andre less than a year after the writing of this letter, on September 23, 1780. $800 - $1,000

26 John Brown, Kentucky’s Founding Father, Revolutionary WarPeriod ALS, March 2, 1781 John Brown (1757-1837). Revolutionary War veteran, delegate to the Continental Congress, US Representative from Virginia, and “Founding Father” of Kentucky, as Brown introduced the petition for Kentucky statehood as a congressman from Virginia, resigned his post upon its passage, and was elected one of the first two US Senators from Kentucky, serving two-plus terms including a stint as President pro tempore. ANS, 4 x 6 in., dated March 2, 1781, n.p., documenting receipt of vouchers for sundry expenditures from Capt. Stephen Ashby, (serving under Col. Morris), totaling 339 pounds 5 shillings.

Professionally framed with portraits and biographical plaque, 17.5 x 26.75 in. overall. $500 - $700

REVOLUTIONARY WAR

27 Baron von Steuben, ANS, January 22, 1794 Friedrich Wilhelm August Heinrich Ferdinand von Steuben (17301794). Prussian-born American major general during the American Revolution; served as inspector general of the Continental Army and chief of staff to Gen. George Washington. ANS, 1p, 4.25 x 7.625 in. (sight), laid paper, dated at New York, Jan. 22, 1794, to pay $120, signed Steuben. Framed with an engraving, 9.5 x 15.75 in. $800 - $1,200

28 Marquis de Lafayette, ALS, December 28, 1828 Gilbert de Motier, Marquis de Lafayette (1757-1834). Revolutionary War General, French statesman and officer. ALS, 7.5 x 9.75 in., dated at La Grange, December 28, 1828, addressed to Count de La Ferronays (1777-1842), the French Minister of Foreign Affairs, regarding news from Alencon about those who surrendered at Carthage. Integrated cover with postmark on verso. Framed with an engraving, 13.25 x 26.5 in. $500 - $700

WAR OF 1812

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29 Massachusetts Militia, Group of 23 Silver Plate Buttons, Ca 1800-1830 Lot of 23 silver-plated buttons, 1.0 in. diameter, with Massachusetts around the image of an Indian standing with bow and arrow and a single star to the left of the Indian’s head, similar to the state seal. Reverse stamped Treble Plated and Warranted, but without a maker’s mark, though probably of English manufacture. From the estate of the anthropologist Dr. Edmund Snow Carpenter (1922-2011), who was a noted authority and collector on the iconography of the American Indian. $800 - $1,200

MEXICAN WAR 30 Mexican War, Battle of Buena Vista, Letter Containing Graphic Content 3pp, 7.75 x 9.5 in. Buena Vista Camp near Saltillo Mexico, April 23, 1847. To Mr. George Smith of Frederick, MD from George Toms. In ink, spelling a bit “creative” and for the most part the entire letter is one sentence, but handwriting clear.

Toms describes the march from Matamoros to Buena Vista, a distance of about 500 miles. They encountered a train of wagons being guarded by a small force from the 3rd Ohio. He goes on to describe the events that resulted in the wagons being there - apparently there had only been 150 men to guard a train of wagons 5 miles long when they were attacked by General Urrea, whose job it was to disrupt American communications along the national road. The troops saved some wagons, but many were lost. A larger American force came in and the guerrillas fled to the mountains, and Toms notes ...the[y] have knot been heard of since...the[y] burnt and destroyed all the wagones 110 in number the[y] killed all the wagoners it was a shocking sight to see the men laying strewed along the road toren [torn] to pieces by the wolves some have thare [their] armes [arms] cut of[f ] and others are toren to pieces others are burnt to ashes.

He goes on to describe the Battle of Buena Vista (his spelling retained): ...on the morning of the 23 [of February] general santy ann [Santa Anna] had 23 thousand men and general taylor had onley 4000 men in the battel great was the strugel men fighting life an[d] hand and won a glorious victory killing 2000 of the yellow bellies we lost some brave men the loss of the americanes was over 600 men.

The Battle of Buena Vista was one of the largest of the Mexican War. It made Zachary Taylor’s reputation, and saw the American army use artillery to make up for smaller numbers. One of the results was a misquote of one of Taylor’s orders to Braxton Bragg that became a campaign slogan and helped him win the presidential election (“give them a little more grape [shot], Captain Bragg”). (Bragg, of course, went on to serve the Confederacy a decade later.) $800 - $1,200 SEE DETAILED DESCRIPTIONS, ADDITIONAL PHOTOGRAPHS AND CONDITION REPORTS OF ALL LOTS AT COWANS.COM

JUNE 13, 2014 CINCINNATI, OHIO

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THE PAUL DEHAAN COLLECTION

The Paul DeHaan Collection of Items Related to Admiral David Glasgow Farragut and his Flagship, USS Hartford

Lots 31-198

Cowan’s is pleased to offer a selection of over 150 lots from the singular collection of naval enthusiast Paul DeHaan relating to the life and career of American naval icon Admiral David Glasgow Farragut and the USS Harford. A respected navy collector for nearly three decades, most of the DeHaan artifacts are one-of-kind and would certainly be the focal point of any institutional exhibit or display. The scope of the historic collection is inspiring, the individual items exquisite, appealing to both generalists and specialists alike. Drawn from a range of categories, the material includes Art and Prints highlighted by a number of fine portrait and nautical paintings/renderings reflecting Farragut’s exploits in a cultural context. A dramatic oil on canvas depicting the Battle of Mobile Bay is attributed to William Stubbs (1842-1909). Photography is well represented by nearly thirty lots including many framed albumens and individual cartes de visite. Many of the known photographs of Farragut are offered in the sale with several autographed. Without question, the premier image is an early sixth plate daguerreotype of Captain Farragut taken at Mare Island, California, ca 1854, while he oversaw the construction of the Navy Yard. Autographs and manuscripts abound. One example is a fine ALS

by Farragut to Captain Henry Wise written shortly after the Admiral’s signal victory at Mobile Bay. Another is a single sheet broadside signed by Farragut in the form of a printed General Order restoring discipline in occupied New Orleans dated January 27, 1864.

There are a plethora of over twenty relics associated with Farragut’s flagship USS Hartford ranging from a ship lantern and folding deck chair to copper pins, plus an outstanding a pair of repainted fire buckets commemorating Farragut’s triumphs at New Orleans and Mobile Bay. A much earlier painted fire bucket dating from Farragut’s first service aboard the USS Independence dates to the War of 1812. Military enthusiasts will note the fine painted Civil War US Marine Corps Eagle Drum—“Beat to Quarters”— from the Hartford’s contingent. A close runner-up is Confederate Admiral Franklin Buchanan’s English made inscribed telescope, presumably acquired as a token following the battle of Mobile Bay. In addition to the obligatory selection of books, broadsides, and imprints there are seven Farragut related flags. Perhaps the most historic is the four star Admiral’s flag presented to Farragut upon his promotion to full admiral on July 25, 1866, documented as having been displayed at his funeral on August 17, 1870. A wartime trophy from Mobile Bay is an eleven star naval jack with documentation, captured from the Confederate blockade runner Ivanhoe on July 6, 1864. Two more items from the exhaustive collection worthy of special mention are an exceptionally detailed handmade wooden ship model of the USS Harford presented to “President Franklin Delano Roosevelt…by the people of Hastings-on Hudson, N.Y.” The one-off model is housed in a custom built display case with plaque. Americana collectors will note the folk-art sheet iron weather vane depicting Admiral Farragut sighting his telescope, ca 1890, attractively mounted for display. A final weighty item for the heavy hitters is an authentic 8 inch Navy Bureau of Ordnance Shell Gun—the actual gun tube—one of only twenty-three still in existence. Ranging from personal items actually touched

by Farragut to relics and later renditions of his unprecedented sixty years of naval service, the DeHaan Collection offers a cultured and artistic portrayal of the illustrious Admirals’ life. Of a true American hero who contributed to the list of inspiring navy apothegms, we trust that you will be tempted by the sale to acquire at least a token.

A clarion command given with alacrity in the heat of battle assured David Farragut’s post in the pantheon of American naval heroes: —Damn the Torpedoes!...

On August 5, 1864 Rear-Admiral David Glasgow Farragut’s squadron of eighteen warships fought its way into Mobile Bay. In this operation, Farragut thought to secure a gunboat to the port side of each of his heavier wooden ships to absorb shot. The rifles mounted in two Rebel forts, a large group of submerged torpedoes (now known as mines) which narrowed the deep-water channel, and a small Confederate flotilla led by the ironclad ram CSS Tennessee awaited the Federal fleet. The Tennessee and three wooden gunboats were under the command of Admiral Franklin Buchanan, an esteemed former career officer in the Old Navy. Eager to engage the South’s most powerful warship, the monitor Tecumseh made full speed for the Tennessee, but quickly struck a torpedo, capsized, and sank—all within thirty seconds—taking 94 hands to the bottom of the bay. Leading the wooden vessels the formidable USS Brooklyn began the difficult maneuver of backing to clear the torpedoes and consequently threw the rest of the advancing column into confusion. Aboard Hartford, Farragut—lashed to the rigging so that he might see the action from above the smoke of battle—boldly directed his ships to steer directly through the minefield. Warned of “Torpedoes ahead!” by a vigilant officer, Farragut famously intoned, “Damn the torpedoes… full speed ahead.” The flagship, followed by the rest of the fleet, steamed past Brooklyn through the submerged mines; providentially for Farragut and his ships no more of the infernal torpedoes exploded. Farragut anchored his fleet at battle stations just out of range of the fort’s guns. Although completely outnumbered, Admiral Buchanan sought to engage and a fierce cannonade and wild melee ensued as the solitary Confederate ram belched vigorous if futile fire. Several of the Federal ironclads circled and closed on the Tennessee succeeding in ramming her. After a brief fight Tennessee was adrift, unable to maneuver after her vulnerable steering chains on the exposed aft deck were shot away. With further fighting pointless, the wounded Admiral Buchanan ordered Tennessee’s colors to be struck. The victory left the Union squadron in control of the waters approaching Mobile and closed the South’s last important Gulf port. On December 23, 1864 Farragut received the newly created rank of Vice-Admiral, USN. The corpus of virtues that imbued Farragut’s personality enabled him to become a master of his profession. His appreciation of the strategic realties of the Civil War enlightened the planning and execution of his operations on the Gulf and on the Mississippi. Through the unpredictability 14

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THE PAUL DEHAAN COLLECTION

of battle, his tactical skills and decisiveness led him to victory against determined opponents –particularly at Mobile. Farragut’s major accomplishments were over land fortifications, which he considered vulnerable, his thoughts on shore installations and batteries having been refined since the time of his observations on the Mexican coast. These salient factors converged to endow Admiral Farragut’s legacy as the United States Navy’s premier officer between the War of 1812 and World War Two. David Glasgow Farragut was born near frontier Knoxville, Tennessee on July 5, 1801 and was adopted by Commander David Porter of the New Orleans naval station in 1808. Young Farragut was appointed Midshipman in 1810, and during the War of 1812 served aboard the frigate Essex in the Pacific. Between 1815 and 1820 he saw duty in the Mediterranean showing the flag and fighting Barbary pirates. He later served in Porter’s “mosquito fleet” in the West Indies suppressing the onerous slave trade. Here he contracted yellow fever, which would affect his heath for the rest of his life. In 1825 Farragut was promoted to Lieutenant. After a cruise to Europe and duties at Norfolk, in 1828 he was assigned to the 18 gun sloop-of-war Vandalia being fitted out for the South American Station. A year later He was forced to return home with a serious eye ailment that kept him on the inactive list until 1832. He then rejoined the Vandalia in 1833, and afterwards spent four years ashore before embarking on the 38 gun frigate Constellation. Next, he was selected to command the 20 gun sloop Erie and tasked with patrolling the porous coast of Mexico.

This assignment allowed him to observe operations of French warships then engaged with Mexico. His reports to Washington concluded that properly used men-of-war could be extremely effective against shore fortifications. In 1841 Farragut went aboard the Delaware, an 86 gun ship-ofthe-line being refitted for service with the Brazil squadron. While work was underway, Farragut was promoted to Commander in September 1841.

He took command of the 16 gun sloop Decatur and brought her back to Norfolk in 1843. In 1845 he became second in command of the Norfolk Navy Yard and much to his disappointment saw no active service during the Mexican War. A stint of administrative assignments in Washington and Norfolk consumed the early 1850s. In 1854 Farragut assisted in establishing and then commanding the Mare Island Navy Yard near San Francisco. In September 1855 he was promoted to Captain and returned east to take command of the recently commissioned screw sloop-of-war Brooklyn. With the advent of the Civil War, Farragut unhesitatingly remained loyal to the Old Flag that he had served for half a century. Farragut requested a sea command but remained involuntarily idle for most of 1861. As the strategic Anaconda Plan took shape (the brainchild of none other than the father of the United states Army General Winfield Scott), a plumb assignment awaited Farragut. On January 9, 1862 Farragut was appointed commander of the West Gulf Blockading Squadron with orders to open the Mississippi River and to attack and invest New Orleans. Departing Hampton Roads aboard his flagship Hartford, Farragut, with 17 ships and a mortar flotilla at his disposal finally opened the battle of New Orleans on April 18, 1862 with a bombardment that lasted six days. Still, the Confederate garrison was not compelled to surrender. Decisively, Farragut then ordered his ships to run by the Confederate defenses. Catching the fortifications unprepared, Farragut dashed upstream past the gauntlet of Rebel guns and destroyed most of the subsidiary Confederate naval squadron. Lying under the threatening guns of Farragut’s fleet, the Crescent city finally surrendered on April 25, and the now useless forts struck their colors on April 28. In recognition of this singular achievement, Farragut was commissioned Rear-Admiral on July 30, 1862, the first American naval officer to attain the rank.

Subsequently, Farragut was heavily involved in the combined operations setting the stage for the envelopment and siege of Vicksburg. On two separate occasions his fleet pushed up the Mississippi River to meet with the gunboats of the Western Flotilla at Vicksburg. Famously, Farragut’s ships actually ran past the defending Vicksburg batteries on the second run but the unexpected foray of the ram CSS Arkansas coupled with low water forced the Admiral to retire below Vicksburg and detach gunboats to protect Baton Rouge. In March 1863, Farragut deployed seven warships to reclaim the Mississippi from Port Hudson to Vicksburg. Farragut lashed a sacrificial gunboat to the fort side of his heavy ships and with an incredible amount of luck barely managed to run two vessels past intense Confederate shellfire while navigating a shallow channel dotted with exposed sandbars. Albatross and Hartford were able to blockade the mouth of the Red River thereby cutting the lines of communication between Port Hudson and Vicksburg. The exploit severed the free-flow of supplies from the Trans-Mississippi effectively cutting the Confederacy in two. By May 1863 gunboats of the Brown Water Navy under David Dixon had relieved Farragut who was ordered home for a rest.

At the end of Civil War, David Farragut was elevated to the rank of full Admiral on July 26, 1866. As further tribute, Admiral Farragut was given command of the European Squadron in 1867 and began a triumphant cruise in the waters of the Old World showing off the flag of the victorious United States Navy, now recognized as a world power, while graciously accepting a stream of accolades from the European monarchies. Farragut returned home in November 1868, never to go back to sea duty. He travelled to California during the summer of 1869 as “he wanted to see the completed Mare Island Navy Yard, which he had begun fifteen years before.” During the return trip Farragut was stricken by a heart attack in Chicago. He was able to return to his home in New York City but suffered several more increasingly debilitating episodes over the winter.

Confined to bed towards the end, he lingered until death claimed him on August 14, 1870. As befitting a national hero, Admiral Farragut was buried with appropriate pomp and circumstance in Woodlawn Cemetery in New York City. In attendance were President Grant and his Cabinet as well as many of Farragut’s Civil War contemporaries including the victor at Gettysburg, General George Meade, who standing at the gravesite lamented, “I believe that the Admiral was more beloved than any other commander of the late war, either of the army or Navy.”

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THE PAUL DEHAAN COLLECTION | Early Photography

31 Captain D.G. Farragut, Sixth Plate Daguerreotype, Earliest Known Photograph, Ca 1854 Sixth plate daguerreotype portrait of Captain D.G. Farragut taken at Mare Island, CA, ca 1854, while he oversaw construction and establishment of the first US naval base on the west coast, California’s Mare Island Naval Ship Yard. Beautifully framed, 7.5 x 9 in. The earliest known photograph of Farragut in existence.

Purchased from G.W. Bell Auctioneer, Portland, ME, January 1995, and accompanied by original Maine Antique Digest advertisement in which daguerreotype was featured. The consignor was able to trace the origin of the daguerreotype to the San Francisco, CA area. $8,000 - $10,000

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THE PAUL DEHAAN COLLECTION | Early Photography

32 Admiral D.G. Farragut Photograph by Jeremiah Gurney, Housed in Cannon Frame Mounted albumen photograph, 15.25 x 20 in., signed by the photographer at lower right Photo by Gurney. Housed in a unique wood frame in the shape of eight ship’s cannons. $700 - $900

33 Admiral Farragut Large Format Albumen Photograph by Mathew Brady Oval albumen photograph, 6.125 x 8.125 in., on Brady & Co.’s gilt border mat, trimmed slightly smaller than the original 8 x 10 in., framed, 12.75 x 14.75 in. $550 - $750

34 CDVs of Admiral Farragut and His Wife Virginia Lot of 2 cartes housed in a velvet frame, including a standing view of David G. Farragut as Captain by E. Jacobs, New Orleans, and a standing portrait of his second wife, Virginia (1824-1884), whom he married in 1843, by Brady, signed on verso. $200 - $300

35 Farragut Family CDVs, Including D.G., Virginia, & Loyall Farragut Lot of 3, including portraits of Admiral D.G. Farragut and his second wife, Virginia, each by Gurney & Son, New York, as well as a carte of their only surviving son, Loyall (1844-1916), with C.D. Fredricks & Co., New York imprint.

After graduating from West Point in 1868, Loyall served in the Army 5th Artillery for three years. Following his army service, he worked for the Central Railroad of New Jersey. In 1869, he married Miss Gertrude Metcalf, but they had no children together. After his mother passed away in 1884, Loyall and his wife moved into the Farragut family home in New York City, and he went on to author The Life of David Glasgow Farragut, First Admiral of the United States Navy in 1879. $600 - $800

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THE PAUL DEHAAN COLLECTION | Early Photography

verso

36 Albumen Photograph of Admiral Farragut’s Son, Loyall Farragut, as West Point Cadet Albumen photograph, 6.75 x 5.75 in., of Loyall Farragut in his West Point cadet uniform. Inked on the print Loyall Farragut / 2nd Lt. 21st Infantry / 15 June 1868. $200 - $300

37 Admiral Farragut Signed CDV, Plus Lot of 2, including carte by Benque-Sebastianutti of Trieste, Italy, made during Farragut’s European tour of 1867, signed twice, beneath portrait and on verso with the rank of Admiral, plus a full-length portrait by E. Anthony, with the verso label of a Boston dealer. $1,000 - $1,500

verso

38 Three Farragut CDVs by Bogardus, One Signed Lot of 3 CDVs by Bogardus, New York, each a different pose from the same sitting. One ink signed on verso D.G. Farragut / Vice Admiral.

Farragut held the rank of Vice Admiral (the first in US Navy history) from December 1864 to July 1866, when he was promoted to full Admiral. $1,000 - $1,500

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39 David G. Farragut, Seven CDV Poses From the Same Sitting with C.D. Fredricks, New York Lot of 7 cartes by C.D. Fredricks & Co., New York, all different poses from the same session with Farragut as Rear Admiral, the rank he held from July 1862 to December 1864. $1,500 - $2,500

THE PAUL DEHAAN COLLECTION | Early Photography

40 David G. Farragut Clipped Signature and CDV Clipped signature, approx. 1.25 x 4.25 in., on lined paper, Very respectfully, D.G. Farragut / Rear Admiral.

Ca July 1862-December 1864. Framed with a CDV of Farragut by Sarony, New York; 15 x 16.5 in. overall. $200 - $400

42 Admiral Farragut Clipped Signature and Cabinet Card by Sarony Lot of 2, including a clipped signature, 1.5 x 5.25 in., God Bless & preserve you both / your affectionate husband & father, D.G. Farragut, accompanied by an albumen cabinet card of the admiral by Sarony, New York, framed together, 10.5 x 12.5 in. overall. $400 - $600

41 Two CDV Wall Frames Containing Farragut Images Lot of 2, including a wood frame housing an Admiral Farragut copy CDV from a sitting with Sarony, New York, and laurel wreath frame made of heavy gage tin with bronzed patina finish, with a soldered tin sleeve holding an uncredited CDV of Farragut that appears to be from a sitting with J. Gurney, New York. $200 - $300

43 Three Framed Albumen Cabinet Cards of Admiral Farragut Lot of 3 cabinet cards, including: full length portrait by Sarony, New York, housed in an enameled wood frame; three-quarter length portrait

by Sarony, with pencil identification in the recto margin, housed in an enameled frame with gilt and embroidery mat; and a portrait by Bradley & Rulofson, San Francisco, ca 1869, inked on verso Admiral D.G. Farragut / My Godfather / E.M.D., housed in a carved wood frame. $600 - $800

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THE PAUL DEHAAN COLLECTION | Early Photography

44 Stereoview Portraits of Farragut by Gurney and Anthony, Plus Stereoview of Farragut Square Monument and Invitation to Its Unveiling Lot of 4, including: E. & H.T. Anthony view Prominent Portraits No. 2280 Vice Admiral David Farragut, U.S.N.; J. Gurney & Son stereoscopic portrait of Farragut; and a Kilburn Brothers stereoview of the Farragut monument at Farragut Square, Washington, DC, accompanied by an invitation to the unveiling of the monument, May 25, 1881, 4.25 x 5.25 in. $400 - $600

46 Pach Brothers, Photograph of Eight Union Commanders at Long Branch, New Jersey, Including Admiral Farragut Photograph, 6 x 7.5 in. (sight), showing eight Union commanders gathered together at President U.S. Grant’s summer home in Long Branch, NJ, 1870, matted and framed, 13 x 15.25 in. With typed label on frame verso identifying the photographer as G.W. Pach, of the Pach Brothers Studio, West End, NJ. The commanders are identified from left to right, standing: Tom Murphy; Gen. Horace Sargent; Gen. William Wilson. Sitting: Gen. Lewis Peck; Gen. Samuel Heintzelman; Gen. Philip Sheridan; Adm. David Farragut; Gen. Bailey.

Long Branch, NJ was the summer White House of President Grant from 1869-1876. $400 - $600 20

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45 Vice Admiral D.G. Farragut, Photograph by Sarony & Co. Large format photograph, 13 x 17.5 in. (sight) of D.G. Farragut as Vice Admiral, produced by Sarony & Co., New York, matted and housed in patriotic frame, 20 x 26.5 in. $400 - $600

47 D.G. Farragut Signed Photograph of the USS Hartford after the Battle of Mobile Bay McPherson & Oliver photograph taken in the weeks following the Battle of Mobile Bay, mounted, 7 x 9 in., with Nov. 10, 1864 copyright imprinted in the lower margin, framed with period mat, 12.75 x 14.75 in. overall. Ink signed on verso D.G. Farragut / Rear Admiral, and penciled in another hand USS Hartford after the Battle of Mobile Bay showing the blows she received - Given to me by Capt. P. Drayton USN 1865 - M. Eastman / shows where she was rammed by Louisiana. $600 - $800

THE PAUL DEHAAN COLLECTION | Early Photography

48 CDV of the USS Hartford after the Battle of Mobile Bay With Nov. 10, 1864 copyright of McPherson & Oliver. Inked on verso: United States steamer of war Hartford laying at anchor Mobile Bay. $200 - $300

49 Albumen Photograph of the USS Hartford after the Shelling of Baton Rouge Photograph, 5.25 x 7.75 in., inked in the recto margin U.S. War Sloop “Hartford.” $250 - $350

50 USS Hartford CDV by McPherson & Oliver Carte with McPherson & Oliver’s Nov. 10, 1864 copyright in the margin.

Housed in a pressed-paper frame. $250 - $350

51 USS Hartford CDV by Chute & Brooks View of the USS Hartford on the water, with Chute & Brooks, Montevideo studio imprint and period ink identification on verso.

Property of Another Consignor $200 - $300

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THE PAUL DEHAAN COLLECTION | Early Photography

52 Back of D.G. Farragut’s Deck Chair, Framing an Albumen Photograph and Five CDVs of the Hartford Wood chair back, 17.5 x 31.75 in., with a carved and gold-painted shield eagle at top, metal fitting, and a brass plaque at bottom reading From Admiral David Farragut’s Deck Chair, U.S.S. Hartford / 1861-1865. The piece has been fashioned into a frame containing six images by McPherson & Oliver, copyright 1864. The most prominent is a 5.25 x 7.25 in. albumen photograph showing Admiral David G. Farragut and Captain Percival Drayton on the deck of the USS Hartford. Also included are five cartes de visite of the Hartford, its deck, guns, officers, and crew. The chair and photographs were given

by Admiral Farragut to the wife of Secretary of the Navy Gideon Welles (as noted on verso of each). $3,000 - $5,000

verso

53 CDVs of Admiral D.G. Farragut and Captain Percival Drayton Lot of 2 CDVs, including portrait of D.G. Farragut by Bogardus, New York, and a view of Percival Drayton by Brady/Anthony, with signature on verso. Housed in a wood frame carved with cannons and flags. $600 - $800 22

COWAN’S AMERICAN HISTORY

54 Signed CDV of Captain Percival Drayton Carte by Brady, signed on verso Fleet Surgeon Palmer, with the compliments of P. Drayton (Dec’r 1863) / FlagShip Maryland Nov’r 29 1864. $500 - $700

THE PAUL DEHAAN COLLECTION | Early Photography

55 Ensign Henry Brownell, Clerk to Admiral D.G. Farragut, Albumen Photograph Oval albumen photograph, 5.25 x 7.5 in., on a mount trimmed to 7 x 9 in., with partial identification in the lower margin. Housed in a ca 1890s frame, 12 x 14.25 in.

Henry Howard Brownell (1820-1872) was a historian and poet with close ties to Admiral Farragut. Although he had been publishing for almost 20 years, Brownell’s first popular success was a poetic version of Farragut’s “General Orders” given at the attack on New Orleans, after which Farragut hired him as his private secretary. Brownell was present on the deck of the Hartford throughout the Battle of Mobile Bay, with a pocket watch in hand, taking notes on the progress of the battle by the minute. From these notes, he composed The Bay Fight, (of which an annotated copy presented from the author to Fleet Surgeon James Palmer is offered in the sale as Lot 59). $200 - $300

56 CDV of Ensign Henry Brownell, USS Hartford Carte by Prescott & Gage, Hartford, Conn. Brownell was taking notes on the deck of the Hartford during the Battle of Mobile Bay, which he used as the basis for a poem published in Harper’s (see Lot 59). $100 - $150

57 Civil War Fleet Surgeon, James C. Palmer, CDV, Plus Correspondence with his Wife Lot of 3, including anonymous, vignetted carte of James Croxall Palmer (1811-1883), accompanied by ALS on Navy Department/ Bureau of Medicine and Surgery letterhead, Washington, March 6, 1872, in which Palmer writes to his wife regarding an address he made to the Naval Committee. A printed card with instructions on proper dosage of Cholera-Drops, issued by J.C.P. (James C. Palmer) is also included.

After joining the US Navy in 1834, Palmer served as assistant surgeon, first aboard the USS Brandywine and then the USS Vincennes during its circumnavigation of the globe.

He also accompanied the Wilkes Exploring Expedition to the Antarctic from 1838-1842.

Palmer later served as surgeon aboard the USS Niagara at the time that the vessel helped lay the first Atlantic Cable. During the Civil War, Palmer was Fleet Surgeon of the West Gulf Blockading Squadron and was at the Battle of Mobile Bay with D.G. Farragut.

During Mobile Bay, Palmer assisted in saving CSA Admiral Franklin Buchanan’s leg after it was wounded. Following the war, he became Surgeon General in 1872, serving until his retirement in 1873. $300 - $500

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THE PAUL DEHAAN COLLECTION | Early Photography

58 Bay Fight, By Ensign H.H. Brownell, Presented to Fleet Surgeon James C. Palmer by the Author, Inked With Important First-Hand Testimony to Farragut’s Famous Quote, Damn the Torpedoes!

Bay-Fight, by Henry H. Brownell, Acting Ensign and clerk to Admiral Farragut on the Hartford during the Battle of Mobile Bay. Originally published in Harper’s Monthly, published here in a 4 x 7 in. giltembossed green buckram pamphlet, pages numbered 175-193.

Inscribed on FFEP, To Mrs. Palmer, Jas. C. Palmer, with Bible verse Luke 17:33, inked above the first line of the poem, Acting Ensign H.H. Brownell to Fleet Surgeon J.C. Palmer / Mobile, 1864, and initialed below the final line H.H.B. Also inked with Palmer’s recollections throughout, the longest and most noteworthy being an explanation of Admiral Farragut’s most famous line, usually repeated “Damn the torpedoes!

Full speed ahead!” In the printed poem, Brownell writes “Go on!” - ‘twas all he said - / Our helm was put to starboard, / And the Hartford passed ahead., but in this edition Palmer has inked an asterisk next to “Go on!” with the following explanation: *All Mr. Brownell heard. Or, perhaps, the Admiral, who was not a profane man, told him to suppress one phrase. When the pilot reported from the [?]

that we were edging down the torpedo-field, Admiral Farragut called, from under the maintop, in these words: “Damn the torpedoes! Go on! Put the helm a-starboard, Captain Drayton!” So we held our breath, and [?] over the bank. -J.C.P. Also, below the final line (and Brownell’s initials), Palmer has written: This Mr. Brownell, one of the clerks to Adm. Farragut, was on the poo, watch in hand, and coolly(?) taking notes by the minute, from first to last.

This record is absolutely true, without even poetical exaggerations. -J.C.P. The final page is pasted with a printed clipping, presumably from Harper’s, of Browning’s addendum to the poem, praising the brave men who fought the battle, including a mention of Palmer. When talking of the bloody and wounded on the decks, Brownell says: ...I can not but remember, with high respect, the admirable skill, the patience, kindness, and efficiency of our medical corps: of Fleet-Surgeon Palmer, Doctors Lansdale, Gibson, and Commons, and one or two volunteers from other vessels. It is an honor to have known such men. $600 - $800

59 USS Hartford, CDVs of Naval Officers Who Served Aboard the Ship Lot of 9 cartes de visite of men who served on the USS Hartford, including the following: Lt. George Mundy, USS Hartford, Mobile Bay, with McPherson & Oliver, New Orleans backmark; Surgeon William Commons, USS Hartford, Mobile Bay, by McPherson & Oliver; Ensign William Whiting, USS Hartford, Mobile Bay, by McPherson & Oliver; Surgeon William King, USS Hartford, Mobile Bay, with R. Moses & Co., New Orleans backmark; anonymous view of Surgeon Jonathan Foltz, USS Hartford, New Orleans, autographed on verso and dated 16 May 1863; Boatswain James Walker, USS Hartford, New Orleans, with Silli, Nice & Vichy imprint; anonymous view of Surgeon B.F. Gibbs, USS Ossipee, Mobile Bay; Lt. Larue Adam, USS Hartford, Mobile Bay, by McPherson & Oliver; and standing portrait of Rear Admiral D.G. Farragut, by E. Jacobs, New Orleans. Framed together for display. $1,000 - $1,500

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60 CDV of Farragut’s First Mate Harry Miller with Model of the USS Hartford Carte by Tipton & Myers, Gettysburg, PA, penciled on verso Harry Miller / 1st Mate to late Adm Farragut. $100 - $200

61 Post-Civil War Photographs of USS Hartford, 1904 Lot of 5, including: albumen photograph of the USS Hartford at Shanghai, China, ca 1873, 8 x 10 in. (unmounted print); silver gelatin photograph of the Hartford as a US Navy training ship, ca 1904, 9.5 x 11.5 in.; mounted silver gelatin photograph of a parade float, titled on the mount Float with section of “Billet-Head” of old Flagship Hartford / Farragut Day in Hartford, CT, Oct. 19, 1897 / Bill Brothers Team and Float, 10 x 12 in. overall; and two chromolithograph postcards of the Hartford as a training ship, ca 1907. $350 - $550

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62 Albumen Photograph and CDV of the USS Franklin, Farragut’s Flagship During His 1867 European Tour Lot of 2 views of the USS Franklin, Admiral Farragut’s flagship during his 1867 European tour. One a 5.25 x 8.125 in. albumen print on the 8 x 10 in. mount of photographer F.C. Gould of Gravesend, Kent, England.

The other an oversized carte de visite of the frigate moored off Nice, France, by photographer E. Degand of that city. Latter is professionally framed with identifying plaque; 11 x 12 in. overall. $500 - $700

63 Bvt. Brig. General Edward D. Townsend, Double-Signed CDV Bvt. Brig. General Edward Davis Townsend, Col., US Army Adj. Gen. Dept., received two brevets. Carte by Brady, ink signed E.D. Townsend beneath portrait and on verso Brevet Brigdr General E.D. Townsend, U.S. Army, Assistant Adjutant General.

E.D. Townsend was the son of Dr. Solomon D. Townsend, an old shipmate and friend to D.G. Farragut. Dr. Townsend and Midshipman Farragut served on the USS Washington together. $200 - $400

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THE PAUL DEHAAN COLLECTION | Early Photography 64 Naval Paymaster, George Work, USS Tecumseh, Drown during Battle of Mobile Bay, CDV CDV by S.I. & C.W. Hallett, New York, pencil identified on verso George Work / A.A. Paymaster of Steamer Tecumseh sunk at Mobile Bay Aug 5th, 1864. The ironclad monitor Tecumseh hit a mine very soon after the commencement of the Battle of Mobile Bay causing the boat to sink in less than 30 seconds, taking Work and most of the rest of her crew down with her. His body was never recovered, though a memorial was erected in his hometown of Connecticut.

Property of Another Consignor $250 - $350

65 Lt. Com. George U. Morris, USS Cumberland, CDVs, Including Signed View Lot of 2 CDVs of George U. Morris, including a carte as Lieutenant Commanding, USS Cumberland, by Brady, 1862, autographed on the print, and a carte in civilian attire, by Bendann, New York.

George Upham Morris (1830-1875) graduated from the US Naval Academy in 1852 and initially served on the brig Dolphin, and later the sloop Decatur, on which he received a promotion to lieutenant in 1855. He was then placed on ordnance duty at Washington Navy Yard followed by service on the sloop-of-war Cyane before being assigned to the USS Cumberland following the outbreak of the war.

Morris was the acting commanding officer when Cumberland was lost in battle with the CSS Virginia on March 8, 1862, but was promoted to lieutenant commander due to the ship’s valiant effort in defeat.

After serving as commanding officer of the gunboats Port Royal and Shawmut for most of the rest of the war, he was named executive officer of the USS Brooklyn in 1865 and promoted to the rank of commander soon after the war’s end. Commander Morris retired in 1874 and died the following year.

Property of Another Consignor $200 - $300

66 U.S. Navy, Seven Enlisted Civil War Sailors, CDV Civil War-period carte by Brady/Anthony, featuring a group of seven enlisted men from the US Navy, including an old timer, second from left, wearing a short, double-breasted jacket with rows of small buttons. This had been a standard article of clothing from the time the first crews were signed on by the new frigates in 1797. The coat is essentially the same as that worn by the boatswain’s mate of 1836. $100 - $200

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THE PAUL DEHAAN COLLECTION | Early Photography 67 Clipper Ship Logan Sailor, R. Leighton Gerhart, Civil War CDV Full-length portrait by Pendleton, New York, signed (or otherwise inscribed) on verso R. Leighton Gerhart / Clipper Ship Lagon (sic) / July 1863. Robert Leighton Gerhart (1845-1928) was born in Gettysburg, PA, and left home to become a seaman around the age of 18, just about the time his hometown became the site of the Civil War’s most important battle. He sailed on the clipper ship Logan from New York to San Francisco via Cape Horn, a journey of 105 days, which he documented in a church serial under the title He Would Be A Sailor. He returned home to attend college at Franklin & Marshall in Lancaster, PA, but ended up leaving to become a minister in the Reformed Church. He was an influential voice in the church for over half a century, as a prolific writer and speaker and the leader of churches in several towns in Pennsylvania, as well as Kansas City, MO. Property of Another Consignor $250 - $350

68 Deck Views of the USS New Hampshire & Fulton, CDVs by Southern Photographer, Samuel A. Cooley Lot of 2 CDVs capturing deck views of the USS New Hampshire and USS Fulton, each with Samuel A. Cooley’s Savannah, GA, Hilton Head & Beaufort, SC backmarks.

The USS New Hampshire (1819-1922), originally designed to be the 74-gun ship of the line Alabama, was laid down in 1819 and ready to launch in 1825, but remained on the stocks for almost 40 years before being renamed and launched as a storeship and depot ship of the South Atlantic Blockading Squadron during the Civil War. Prior to the war, the USS Fulton (1837-1862) served the U.S. Navy from the time of its launch in 1837 through 1859, and the steamer saw limited service during the Civil War as a result of being captured by the Confederates in the port of Pensacola, FL on January 12, 1861. The steamer was destroyed in May 1862, during the Confederate’s evacuation of the yard because of Federal reoccupation.

Property of Another Consignor $500 - $700

69 USS Santee, CDV of Boarding Party Training Exercise A unique view of sailors taking part in training exercises aboard the USS Santee, captioned on verso U.S. Gunnery Ship “Santee” during action. “Boarders Away!” With W.M. Chase/D. Bachrach, U.S. Naval Academy, Annapolis, MD backmark.

A wooden-hulled, three-masted sailing frigate of the U.S. Navy, the USS Santee (1820-1912) was acquired by the Union Navy in 1861 and outfitted with heavy guns and a crew of 480. She was assigned as a gunship in the Union blockade of the Confederacy and saw a great deal of hand-to-hand fighting at sea, which resulted in the capture of a number of Confederate schooners, including the Garonne. In January 1862, the Santee was assigned to Flag Officer David Farragut’s new West Gulf Blockading Squadron, and was responsible for blockading the Texas Coast, mainly off Galveston, through the end of August, when she was decommissioned. She later became a training ship for the U.S. Navy.

Property of Another Consignor $300 - $400

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THE PAUL DEHAAN COLLECTION | Early Photography 70 USS Vindicator CDV by D.P. Barr, Plus View of Captured Gunboat Lot of 2, including view of the USS Vindicator, dated on verso October 1864, with D.P. Barr, Army Photographer, Vicksburg, MS backmark.

Commissioned in May 1864, the USS Vindicator (ca 1863-1865) was a 750-ton steamer that served the Union Navy primarily as a ram on the Mississippi River and its tributaries as part of the Union effort to gain control of the Mississippi River. She was equipped by the Navy as a gunship, which involved the installment of several powerful guns on board.

Accompanied by anonymous carte identified in ink on recto as Gunboat No. 26 Captured by Shelby at Clarendon [Arkansas].

Property of Another Consignor $500 - $700

71 USS Black Hawk & Milwaukee, CDVs by J.B. Leonard Lot of 2 cartes by J.B. Leonard of Mound City, IL. One shows the USS Milwaukee, a double-turreted river monitor commissioned August 27, 1864, which was assigned to the West Gulf Blockading Squadron and traveled from Mound City to New Orleans in October. It struck a mine March 28, 1865, while retreating to Mobile Bay from an attack on a Confederate transport in the Blakely River, but it sank slowly and all hands were rescued. It was raised in 1868 and returned to the same man who built her, James Eads of St. Louis, who used the scrap in the construction of the Eads Bridge across the Mississippi.

The second carte shows the USS Black Hawk, a side-wheel steamer originally named the Uncle Sam, built at New Albany, IN, in 1848 and purchased by the Union Navy in 1862. She served as the flagship of the Mississippi Squadron under Rear Admirals David Dixon Porter and Samuel Phillips Lee and participated in the capture of Fort Hindman, the attack on Haines Bluff, the Siege of Vicksburg, and the Red River Expedition, but succumbed to an accidental fire near Cairo, IL, just a week after the Confederate surrender.

Property of Another Consignor $500 - $700

72 USS Ozark & Winona, CDVs Lot of 2, including: uncredited carte, ink identified in the recto margin U.S. Gunboat Winona, Baton Rouge, La / May 1863. Commissioned in 1861, she was assigned to the West Gulf Blockading Squadron, saw action in the Siege of Vicksburg, and took part in other Mississippi River duties; and another uncredited carte, ink identified on verso as U.S. Gun Boat “Ozark” / Mississippi Squadron, a single-turreted river monitor commissioned in 1864, which took part in the Red River Campaign and later patrolled the lower Mississippi, and returned to that area nearly a decade after the war to respond to the Colfax Massacre.

Property of Another Consignor $500 - $700

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THE PAUL DEHAAN COLLECTION | Early Photography

73 USS Monongahela, Brooklyn, & Potomac, CDVs Lot of 3 CDVs, including: a view of the USS Monongahela, a steam sloop commissioned in January 1863 which served effectually at Port Hudson and in the Gulf of Mexico blockade, where it rammed the Confederate ironclad Tennessee at Mobile Bay, Aug. 5, 1864, carte by Benjamin Welcome, San Tomas (St. Thomas, US Virgin Islands, then part of Denmark); view of the USS Brooklyn, sloop-of-war commissioned in 1859, with a long list of achievements during the war, the most notable her leading of the second column at the Battle of Mobile Bay, for which 23 of her sailors were awarded the Medal of Honor, carte by F.C. Gould, Gravesend, Kent, England; and an uncredited view ink identified on verso as the US Frigate Potomac, Pensacola, Fla., which was commissioned in 1831 and sent to the Pacific Squadron, circumnavigated the globe, served in the Mexican War at Palo Alto and Vera Cruz, and spent most of the Civil War as a store ship in Pensacola Bay. Property of Another Consignor $500 - $700 75 CSS Ram Albemarle, CDV Taken After Being Sunk and Captured Albumen carte of the Rebel ram, CSS Albermarle, after she was sunk and captured by Union forces. With penciled note on verso indicating that the image was from a group of Union photographs taken at Camp Palmer near New Bern, NC. Construction of the Albemarle (1862-1864) began at a primitive shipyard up the Roanoke River in January 1863, and was launched in April 1864. On her way down river, she encountered the USS Miami and Southfield, and managed to ram the Southfield, sinking her. Barely two weeks later, while escorting the troop ship CSS Cotton Plant along with CSS Bombshell, the Albemarle encountered four Union warships, but was able to get away with only minor damage.

Union naval officers petitioned for a land-based assault to destroy the ship when she was being built, but the Army did not feel it could spare the troops to mount such an attack. Thus, the Navy decided to do it by small-scale action. On the night of October 27, 1864, Lieut.

William B. Cushing with some volunteers, took Picket Boat Number One upriver to Plymouth, where the Albemarle was berthed, in an attempt to sink her.

Cushing described the action in his report of Oct. 30 to Rear Admiral Porter, Commander of the North Atlantic Squadron. He describes passing the Southfield and escaping detection until nearly at the Albemarle. The raiders then came under heavy fire, but managed to

74 Brady Gallery Cards Related to the Civil War Gunboats CSS Teazer and USS Maratanza Lot of 3 albumen photographs with Brady’s Album Gallery printed labels on verso, titled No. 482 - 100 lb Gun on board the Confederate Gunboat Teazer, Which was captured on the 4th of July, by the Meritanza(sic); No. 483 - The Teazer, Captured by the Meritanza, on 4th July, 1862. This view shows the destruction caused by the bursting of 100 lb. rifled shell; and No 484 - The Meritanza, As she appeared immediately after the capture of the Teazer. Nos. 482 and 484 mounted, 2.875 x 4.125 in., No. 483 on a 4.5 x 5.875 in. mount with the 1862 copyright of Barnard & Gibson, Washington.

Property of Another Consignor $500 - $700

ram her log pen to gain access to the ram, and using the torpedo boom, lowering the explosive into the side of the ram, just as her gun was fired at their torpedo boat. The Union boat was destroyed, but, as it turned out, so was the Albemarle.

Property of Another Consignor $350 - $450

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JUNE 13, 2014 CINCINNATI, OHIO

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THE PAUL DEHAAN COLLECTION | Early Photography 76 CSS Tennessee, Albumen Photograph Taken at Mobile Bay, Alabama, Plus CDV Lot of 2, including a 7 x 10.375 in. albumen photograph of the CSS Tennessee in Mobile Bay, ca 1864, with the city of Mobile, AL, visible in the background. Image is affixed to paper backing with inked title Iron Clad Battery “Tennessee”; 9 x 13 in., framed, 13.5 x 17.5 in. Accompanied by a CDV of the Tennessee, similar to the larger image but showing the opposite side, ca 1864, with the backmark of McPherson & Oliver of New Orleans, and a two cent revenue stamp affixed to verso. $2,500 - $3,500

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THE PAUL DEHAAN COLLECTION | CSA Admiral Franklin Buchanan

77 CDVs of Franklin Buchanan as US Navy Captain and Confederate Admiral Lot of 2 cartes de visite housed in a carved wood frame, 6.75 x 9 in. One is a Mathew Brady/E. & H.T. Anthony view of Buchanan as Captain, US Navy, and one an uncredited view as Admiral of the Confederate Navy.

Franklin Buchanan (1800-1874) was the proverbial “old salt” having joined the Navy in 1815 as a Midshipman. He resigned his commission in April 1861 and joined the fledgling Confederate Navy as Captain in September 1861.

He commanded the CSS Virginia in her successful attack against the wooden steam frigates Cumberland and Congress in March 1862 but was wounded and not aboard during the revolutionary duel of ironclads the next day. Buchanan was promoted to Admiral in August 1862 and sent to Mobile to oversee the construction of the CSS Tennessee. He fought the Tennessee against Farragut’s overwhelming fleet in August 1864 and was once more wounded and taken prisoner. Not exchanged until February 1865, Buchanan took no further part in the war. Three US Navy warships have been named in honor of Buchanan. $1,000 - $1,500

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78 US Navy Belt Buckle Worn by CSA Adm. Franklin Buchanan, Commanded CSS Virginia Two-piece US Navy belt buckle worn by Franklin Buchanan (1800-1874). Framed with provenance indicating the buckle was acquired by the consignor in 1990 from a collector who acquired it from Admiral Buchanan’s nephew. $1,500 - $2,500

THE PAUL DEHAAN COLLECTION | CSA Admiral Franklin Buchanan

79 Admiral Franklin Buchanan, CSN, Engraved Telescope Four-section brass collapsing naval telescope, approx. 34 in. when fully extended, approx. 12 in. when collapsed. Outer barrel is of all brass construction, half of the barrel is sheathed with mahogany wood veneer and the other half a thin brass shell containing the following single-stroke script engraving: Admiral/ Franklin Buchanan/ C.S.N. The smallest diameter, ocular end of the telescope contains the maker’s mark: Dolland,/ London/ Day or Night. Housed in wooden box.

Accompanied by engraving authentication conducted by Rocky Mountain Engineering & Materials Technology. A copy of the authentication is available upon request. $4,000 - $6,000

detail

THE PAUL DEHAAN COLLECTION | Art

80 Commodore David Porter, Watercolor by William Birch, 1815 Watercolor on paper identified l.r. as Commodore Porter/ 1815, signed l.r. W. Birch, 3 x 4 in. (sight), framed, 5 x 6 in.

David Porter (1780-1843) was a US Naval officer that entered the Navy as a midshipman in 1798, but eventually achieved the rank of commodore, commanding a number of US Naval ships, including the USS Enterprise, Essex, and Constitution. He saw service in the War of 1812, the Second Barbary War of 1815, and in the West Indies.

After resigning his commission in 1826, Porter spent three years as commander-in-chief of the Mexican Navy. He was the father of ten children, including Civil War leader, Admiral David Dixon Porter, and after the sudden passing of his friend and fellow naval veteran, George Farragut and Farragut’s wife Elizabeth, Porter became step-father to 8-year-old David G. Farragut. Porter died while serving as US Minister to Turkey in March of 1843.

A celebrated miniaturist, enamel portraitist, and engraver, William Birch (1755-1834) was born in England on April 19, 1755. He learned the basics of enameling through apprenticeships with London goldsmith Thomas Jeffrey and Henry Spicer. Birch exhibited enameled miniatures at the Royal Academy and the Society of Artists. In 1794, he and his family emigrated to Philadelphia where he sought to paint portraits of the leaders of the new nation. Birch is considered the first to introduce enamel painting in America, for which he received wide acclaim. $3,500 - $5,500

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THE PAUL DEHAAN COLLECTION | Art

81 Lt. Stephen Decatur, 1841, Oil on Board, Plus Oil on board, 4.75 x 6.25 in. on a 6 x 7 in., board housed in a modern frame affixed with period brass S. Decatur stencil, 9.25 x 10.75 in. overall. The painting shows Decatur as a first lieutenant, the rank to which he was promoted in March 1841.

Stephen Decatur (1814-1876, not to be confused with his uncle, Commodore Stephen Decatur, Jr., 1779-1820) was born in Newark, NJ, and appointed a midshipman at the age of 14, with promotions to lieutenant in 1841, commander in 1861, captain in 1867, and commodore on the retired list in 1869. $500 - $700

82 Lt. D.G. Farragut, 1825, Oil Painting by Richard Listenberger Oil on canvas, 12 x 16 in., framed to 20 x 24 in. Signed at l.r. Listenberger 2010, and inked on back of canvas Lt. David G. Farragut, USN / By Richard Listenberger / From Painting By William Swain. Commissioned

by Paul DeHaan in 2010. $500 - $700

83 Rear Admiral David G. Farragut, Miniature Painting on Ivory Miniature painting of Admiral Farragut on ivory, artist unknown, 3.5 x 3 in. Matted under glass in a period frame, 9 x 8 in. $2,500 - $3,500

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THE PAUL DEHAAN COLLECTION | Art 84 Vice Admiral D.G. Farragut, E.C. Middleton & Co. Chromolithograph Chromolithograph, 13.75 x 17 in. oval, framed, 20.5 x 23.5 in. Verso stamp with 1867 copyright to E.C. Middleton & Co., Cincinnati, OH. $300 - $500

85 Farragut in the Rigging, Chromolithograph Chromolithograph capturing Admiral D.G. Farragut in the rigging, presumably during the Battle of Mobile Bay, August 5, 1864, 20 x 25 in., framed, 23 x 28.5 in. $400 - $600

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THE PAUL DEHAAN COLLECTION | Art

86 Admiral D.G. Farragut, Reverse Image on Glass, Ca 1890 Attractive reverse image on glass, ca 1890, of Admiral D.G. Farragut, with the following caption on paper inserted lower left: “Any man who is prepared for defeat would be half defeated before he commenced.” / David G. Farragut / 1801-1870/ “Damn the torpedoes. Full speed ahead.” Lower corner behind caption is broken. 17.75 x 21.25 in., housed in gilt frame, 26 x 29.5 in. $3,000 - $5,000

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THE PAUL DEHAAN COLLECTION | Art 87 Admiral David G. Farragut, Charcoal Painting Charcoal portrait of Admiral D.G. Farragut, artist unknown, 15.5 x 19.5 in., framed, 21.5 x 25.5 in. $300 - $500

88 Admiral D.G. Farragut, Engravings by Buttre and Kurz & Allison Lot of 2, including: hand-colored engraving by J.C. Buttre, New York, copyright 1865, the central image based on a photograph by C.D. Fredricks & Co., with border design by John R. Chapin showing battle scenes at New Orleans and Mobile Bay, measures larger than 12.5 x 16.75 in. (sight), professionally framed, 20.375 x 24.875 in.; and a colored engraving by Kurz & Allison, Chicago, framed to 25.5 x 31.75 in. $400 - $600

89 Admirals Dupont, Farragut, & Porter, Lithograph by Anderson, Plus Engraving

by Richie Lot of 2, including lithograph depicting Admirals Dupont, Farragut, and Porter, copyrighted in print l.l. 1897 by Anderson, with S. Anderson penciled l.l. below print, 19.5 x 23.5 in., framed, 27.5 x 32 in.; engraving titled Rear Admiral D.G. Farragut, USN, produced by A.H. Ritchie after photograph by Fredricks. Published

by Derby & Miller, New York and Geo. & C.W. Sherwood, Chicago, IL, 15.5 x 19.75 in., framed, 25 x 29 in. $350 - $550

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THE PAUL DEHAAN COLLECTION | Art 90 America 1776-1876, Painting featuring George Washington, Abraham Lincoln, & D.G. Farragut Oil on canvas, artist unknown, 25 x 30 in., framed, 35.5 x 40.5 in. A striking representation of Presidents George Washington and Abraham Lincoln with Admiral D.G. Farragut, produced in honor of the US Centennial. $3,500 - $5,500

91 Pastel on Canvas Painted From CDV of Farragut by Wm. Miles & Son, 1891 Pastel on canvas, 24 x 40 in., framed, 34.25 x 50.25 in. Painted from a CDV by William Miles & Son, produced in 1891. $1,500 - $2,500

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THE PAUL DEHAAN COLLECTION | Art 92 Admiral D.G. Farragut, Oil on Canvas by Sidney King (1906-2000) Oil on canvas, 24 x 30 in., framed, 34.5 x 39.5 in. Commissioned

by Paul DeHaan in 1995. Sidney King (1906-2000) was the muralist for the National Park Service, painting nearly 200 historical murals for National Park Service properties throughout the eastern half of the United States. A native of Dorchester, MA, King studied under the famous artist, John Singer Sargent in Boston. $2,500 - $3,500

93 Farragut Family, Including David, Virginia, & Loyall Farragut, Painted Tray by Richard Listenberger Painted tole tray featuring David G. Farragut, his wife Virginia, son Loyall, and the family crest. 20 x 28 in., signed on verso R. Listenberger 2009. $75 - $150

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THE PAUL DEHAAN COLLECTION | Art 94 Admiral Farragut Bronze Bust by Cyrus W. Cole Bronze bust, 15.25 in. overall height, including 6 x 6 x 3 in. marble base with plaque reading Admiral D.G. Farragut / 1801-1870 / Cyrus W. Cole, U.S.N. / 1937, and affixed on verso with a typed label reading Bust Of Admiral David Glasgow Farragut / Presented To Admiral David Glasgow Farragut Academy By The Sculptor, Rear Admiral Cyrus W. Cole, United States Navy. Bust signed COLE 1937 and stamped Roman Bronze Works, N.Y. $800 - $1,000

95 Admiral Farragut, Bronze Statue by Joseph Kiselewski (1901-1986) Bronze statue of Admiral D.G. Farragut, signed on base J. Kiselewski, 13 in. tall.

Minnesota-born sculptor, Joseph Kiselewski graduated from the Minneapolis School of Art and won the Parisian Beaux Arts competition in 1925; received the Prix de Rome in 1926-1929; and was elected an Associate of the National Academy of Design in New York City, 1936, and an Academician in 1944. He designed the US Army Medal of Honor (1862-1896), the Army Medal of Honor (1896-1904), and Army Good Conduct Medal (1942), as well as the American Defense Service Medal. $600 - $800

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THE PAUL DEHAAN COLLECTION | Art

96 USS Hartford, Wood Model of the Flagship Presented to Franklin D. Roosevelt Exceptional wood model of the USS Hartford as it appeared during the Civil War, 26 x 42 x 6 in. Accompanied by printed tag that reads: This Model of Admiral Farragut’s Flagship “Hartford” / Presented to Franklin Delano Roosevelt / President of the United States / By / The People of Hastings-on-Hudson, New York.

Housed in display case measuring 51.5 x 18.25 x 63 in. high. $5,000 - $7,000

details SEE DETAILED DESCRIPTIONS, ADDITIONAL PHOTOGRAPHS AND CONDITION REPORTS OF ALL LOTS AT COWANS.COM

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THE PAUL DEHAAN COLLECTION | Art

97 USS Hartford, Silk and Satin on Painted Canvas, by Thomas Willis Oil on canvas with silk and/or satin embroidery, titled at bottom USS Hartford 1862, 21.5 x 35.5 in., housed in gilt frame with inscribed plaque Thomas Willis / 1839-1929, 28.5 x 42 in. Although unsigned, the painting is guaranteed to be by T.H. Willis.

Thomas H. Willis (1850-1925), a Connecticut native, was widely known for his unique execution of ship portraits, which involved the special technique of using silk or satin for the sails in the ships. His work has been displayed in the Mariner’s Museum, the Mystic Seaport Museum, and the Peabody Museum. $5,000 - $10,000

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THE PAUL DEHAAN COLLECTION | Art

98 Hartford and Fire Raft, Oil on Canvas Oil on canvas, 14 x 20 in., framed, 18 x 24 in. Signed on the canvas l.r. Hartford and Fire Raft 1862. A dramatic depiction of the USS Hartford fighting off a fire raft in the Mississippi River as the CSS Manassas approaches during the evening of April 24, 1862. $1,500 - $2,500

99 Battle of Mobile Bay, Oil on Canvas, Attributed to William Stubbs (1842-1909) Oil on canvas capturing the CSS Tennessee battling the USS Hartford at Mobile Bay, August 5, 1864. 27 x 48 in. Attributed to William P. Stubbs (1842-1909), a marine painter from the Boston, MA area. Examples of his work have been exhibited at the Bostonian Society, Cape Ann Museum, and the Peabody Essex Museum. $5,000 - $7,000 SEE DETAILED DESCRIPTIONS, ADDITIONAL PHOTOGRAPHS AND CONDITION REPORTS OF ALL LOTS AT COWANS.COM

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THE PAUL DEHAAN COLLECTION | Art 100 USS Hartford, Oil on Canvas by Frederick J. Hoertz (1889-1978) Oil on canvas of the USS Hartford, 24 x 30 in., signed l.l. with Frederick Hoertz’s stylized signature including a ship’s anchor and the date ‘64, framed, 27.5 x 33.5 in. $1,000 - $1,500

101 “Here Comes the Tennessee,” Mobile Bay, August 5, 1864, Watercolor for Blue & Gray Magazine, by Xanthus Smith (1839-1929) Xanthus Smith (1839-1929). Watercolor on paper, painted for Blue & Gray magazine, Vol. III, No. 4, April 1894, for an article titled “With Farragut on the Hartford; IX—That August Morning,” by Capt. H.D. Smith. A photocopy of the issue’s cover, table of contents, and the article are included. 13.375 x 21.625 in. (sight), with the lower right corner unpainted for the insertion of text, framed, 22.25 x 30.125 in.

Born in Philadelphia, PA, to painters William Thompson Russell Smith and Mary Priscilla Wilson, Xanthus R. Smith was given drawing lessons by his mother at an early age. After studying chemistry at the University of Pennsylvania, Smith enrolled at the Pennsylvania Academy of the Fine Arts.

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During the Civil War, he served in the US Navy, helping to maintain the Charleston, SC blockade. As a result of seeing little action, Smith had the opportunity to sketch hundreds of ships using a variety of media, including oil paint and pencil. Although he didn’t participate in many of the battles he illustrated, he was able to consult with those who were involved with the engagements. Smith’s work quickly received critical acclaim, and examples can be found at the US Naval Academy, Annapolis, MD, US Naval Historical Center, Washington, DC, Metropolitan Museum of Art, Museum of Fine Arts in Boston, Columbus Museum of Art, and more. $2,000 - $3,000

THE PAUL DEHAAN COLLECTION | Art 102 USS Kearsarge in a Storm, Watercolor by Xanthus Smith (1839-1929) Xanthus Smith (1839-1929). Watercolor, 13.375 x 21.375 in. (sight), signed at l.r. X.S., framed, 17.75 x 25.75 in. $2,000 - $3,000

103 Hard and Fast on a Mud Bank, Watercolor on Paper by Xanthus Smith (1839-1929) Xanthus Smith (1839-1929). Watercolor on paper, 11 x 15 in. (sight), signed at l.r. X.S., and l.l. Hard and Fast on a Mud Bank, framed, 16.5 x 21 in. Published in January 1894 Blue and Gray Magazine.

Provenance: Schwarz Gallery, Philadelphia, PA $2,000 - $3,000

104 USS Monongahela, Watercolor and Pencil by Xanthus Smith (1839-1929) Xanthus Smith (1839-1929). Pencil & watercolor on paper, 6.25 x 10 in., signed l.l. Sketched after the attack on Mobile / X.S. / August 26th / 1864, with penciled identification U.S.S. “Monongahela” at lower center, and at l.r. Stern crushed in attempting to run down Rebel Ram “Tennessee” / Pensacola, Fla. Matted and framed, 12.5 x 16.25 in.

Illustrated in Philadelphia Collection LXV, pl. 22. $1,500 - $2,500

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THE PAUL DEHAAN COLLECTION | Art 105 USS Galena, USS Brooklyn, USS Itasca, Watercolor and Pencil

by Xanthus Smith (1839-1929) Xanthus Smith (1839-1929). Pencil & watercolor on paper, 6.25 x 10 in., signed l.l. X.S. / August 30th / 1864, penciled with identification of each ship along lower edge (l-r) U.S.S. Galena / U.S. Sloop of War “Brooklyn” / Itasca, and at l.r. Pensacola, Fla. Framed, 12.5 x 16.25 in. $1,500 - $2,500

106 US Steam Sloop Juniata, Pencil Drawing by Xanthus Smith (1839-1929) Xanthus Smith (1839-1929). Pencil on paper, 6. x 9.25 in., signed l.l. X.S. / July 31st, 1869, an at l.r. U.S. Steam Sloop “Juniata.”

Professionally framed, 13.5 x 17 in. $800 - $1,000

107 Farragut’s Fleet Entering New York Harbor, 1863, Ink Drawing by Xanthus Smith (1839-1929) Xanthus Smith (1839-1929). Ink on paper, 11 x 13.75 in., signed l.l.

X.S., showing the USS Hartford, Richmond, and Brooklyn arriving in New York Harbor August 11, 1863, after 18 months service on the Mississippi River. Composed for the magazine Blue & Gray, February 1894, with the lower right corner blank for the placement of text. Framed, 17.75 x 20.25 in. $500 - $700

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THE PAUL DEHAAN COLLECTION | Art

108 Farragut’s Fleet on the Mississippi River Approaching New Orleans, April, 1862, Painting Vibrant acrylic painting on canvas, artist unknown, capturing Farragut’s fleet on the Mississippi River, approaching New Orleans in April of 1862, 19.25 x 23.25 in., housed in gilt frame, 23.5 x 27.25 in. $400 - $600

109 Capture of New Orleans, Lithograph by L. Prang & Co. Aquamarelle facsimile print of a work by J.O. Davidson, 14.875 x 21.25 in., on 20 x 26 in. mount with 1886 copyright to L. Prang & Co. and the title Capture of New Orleans / Farragut passing the forts at night. Housed in period wood frame, 27 x 33 in. $200 - $300

110 Admiral Farragut’s Fleet Passing the Batteries at Port Hudson, Lithograph by L. Prang & Co. Chromolithograph titled Passing the Batteries at Port Hudson, by L. Prang & Co., reissued by the American Lithographic Co., ca 1891-1895.

15 x 22 in., professionally framed, 20 x 26 in. After painting by J.O. Davidson. $200 - $300

111 Battle of Mobile Bay, Chromolithograph by L. Prang & Co. Aquamarelle facsimile print of a work by J.O. Davidson, 14.875 x 21.25 in., on 20 x 26 in. mount with 1886 copyright to L. Prang & Co. and the title Battle of Mobile Bay / Passing Fort Morgan and the Torpedoes. Housed in period wood frame, 27 x 33 in. $300 - $500

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THE PAUL DEHAAN COLLECTION | Art

112 New Orleans, April 24, 1862, Watercolor by Walter Davis Oval watercolor, 7.25 x 10.25 in., framed with period inked note: View above the Forts on the River after taking New Orleans by the Union forces / Executed by Walter H.(?) Davis / April 24th 1862; 15.25 x 18.25 in. overall. Fort St. Phillip’s flag is in the center and Fort Jackson is visible at right. Walter Davis was a Master’s Mate on the USS Kineo. $3,000 - $5,000

113 US Steam Sloop Monongahela, Mississippi River, 1863, Pencil, Pen & Ink, and Watercolor Enhanced Photograph US Steam Sloop, “Monongahela,” Mississippi River, 1863, pencil, ink, and watercolor drawing, u.l. and u.r. corners reading Port Hudson / March 4th 1863, and Donaldsonville / July 7, 1863, l.l. Scale 1/12 in. to foot.

Unsigned, 19 x 26 in., framed, 20.5 x 27.5 in. $600 - $800

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THE PAUL DEHAAN COLLECTION | Art 114 Charles Vanderhoof (1853-1918), Three Drawings for Century Magazine, “Battles and Leaders” of the Destruction at Fort Morgan, August 1864 Charles A. Vanderhoof (1853-1918). Three ink on paper drawings on a single sheet, from photographs by McPherson & Oliver taken in 1864, lent to the artist by Admiral Farragut’s son Loyall, titled Light House, Mobile Point / Fort Morgan, S.E. Bastion / Citadel from North Side, for Century Magazine and “Battles and Leaders.” 14.25 x 18.25 in., professionally framed, 18 x 23 in. $500 - $700

115 USS Wissahickon off Charleston, Watercolor by Alonzo Tappan (1845-1927) Ink, pencil & watercolor, 10.25 x 13.25 in., irregular oval, titled in the work U.S. Steamer Wissahickon / Charleston, and signed to l.r. of title Alonzo Tappan. Work is on verso of an unused Civil War paymaster’s document, 11 x 15 in., penciled To Edwin [?] Tappan / Compliments of A.L. Tappan / August 29, 1904 when this picture was cleaned and put back in its frame by Jennie Bailey (or Dennis Bales?) / Please keep this picture as a memento of the War of 1861 to 1865 / A.L. Tappan served in the 8th NH Regiment also in the US Navy. $400 - $600

116 Two Sailors On Board Ship Reading Mail, Oil on Canvas Oil on canvas, 9 x 13 in., framed, 11.75 x 15.75 in. $200 - $300

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THE PAUL DEHAAN COLLECTION | Autographs & Manuscripts 117 Admiral Farragut LS, US Flag Ship Hartford, Below Vicksburg, July 16, 1862, to J.C. Febiger LS, 1p., 7.5 x 9.75 in., dated U.S. Flag Ship Hartford, Below Vicksburg, July 16, 1862, addressed to Lieut. Comd’g J.C. Febiger, Comd’g U.S. Steamer Kanawha, in Mobile Bay, calling the lieutenant’s attention to “Ordnance Instructions,” Article 14, Page 5, due to the Department informing Farragut that no reports of firing have been received from the vessel under [Febiger’s] command since the first of January last. Signed D.G. Farragut as Flag Officer Comd’g W.G. B’g Sqd’n. Accompanied by the original envelope.

The date of this correspondence is notably the same day that Congress created the rank of Rear Admiral and appointed Farragut the first in US Navy history. $500 - $700

118 David Farragut and Benjamin Butler Signed Pay Documents Two documents framed together. First is 7.75 x 12 in. (sight). Flag Ship Hartford / Pensacola Pay, Fla. Nov. 1, 1862. William Meredith requests $10,000 to pay the men. Approved by James S. Palmer and D.G. Farragut.

The second letter is 7.5 x 7.5 in. (sight). (At top noted “Triplicate”) Ben Butler notes receipt of $25,000 from William Meredith, per Admiral Farragut “...in return for Twenty-five thousand dollars ($25,000) advanced by the Army to the Navy. Twenty (thousand - inserted) dollars of which was for disbursement by Paymaster W.J. Meredith and five thousand dollars by Paymaster G[eorge].L. Davis [USS Pensacola].” $500 - $700

119 Admiral Farragut Signed General Order Restoring Discipline in New Orleans, January 27, 1864 General Order requiring all commanding officers of vessels arriving at New Orleans to report to the Admiral (or Senior Officer present), and reminding all officers of the proper salute to officers and vessels of superior rank, having heard complaints that great negligence and indifference pervade the squadron in regard to matters of etiquette.

Inked at lower left Flag Ship Hartford / New Orleans / Jan 27 1864, and signed D.G. Farragut / Rear Admiral. 4.75 x 7 in., laid down on period notepaper backing. $1,000 - $1,500

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THE PAUL DEHAAN COLLECTION | Autographs & Manuscripts 120 Admiral D.G. Farragut’s Copy of the Resolution of the Chamber of Commerce, State of New York, November 5, 1862 Resolution of the Chamber of Commerce, State of New York , adopted Nov. 5, 1862, honoring Farragut for his victory at New Orleans in April 1862 and opening the Mississippi River to commerce. Black, red, and blue ink, with green seal. 18.375 x 22 in., laid down on cardboard. $3,000 - $5,000

121 Civil War ALS From Lt. John Harden to Admiral Farragut Requesting Promotion ALS, 8.25 x 13.275 in. dated in the U.S. Bark Kuhn, at Pensacola Bay, Feb 10, 1864, addressed to Rear Admiral D.G. Farragut, requesting promotion from Acting Master Commanding of the USS Iroquois and to be allowed to join Farragut’s new expedition. He notes: “I desire promotion and an not averse to the ordeal by which it is to be got.” James F. Harden was promoted to Lieutenant seven weeks later on the recommendation of Farragut. $300 - $500

122 Admiral Farragut ALS on USS Hartford Letterhead ALS, 7 x 7.5 in., on U.S. Flag Ship letterhead, dated on the USS Hartford, off Pensacola, May 19, 1864, addressed to Major Shuttleworth, Provost Marshal, Navy Yard Pensacola, ordering him to receive and hold a prisoner (James Welsh) arriving on the USS Kennebec, signed D.F. Farragut / Rear Admiral. Professionally framed to 11.375 x 12.125 in.

With the fall of New Orleans in 1862, Confederates at the Pensacola Navy Yard feared they were next on the “list.” They abandoned the location, destroying much of its infrastructure as they left. However, the harbor and shore location were still useful for the Federals. Given the date, just over two months before the Battle of Mobile Bay, Farragut was likely on his way to Mobile, with a stop in Pensacola on the way. $300 - $500

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THE PAUL DEHAAN COLLECTION | Autographs & Manuscripts 123 Farragut’s General Order No. 10, Regarding Preparations for Battle at Mobile Bay, July 12, 1864, Initialed by the Admiral General Order No. 10, dated U.S. Flag Ship Hartford, off Mobile Bay, July 12, 1864, on order of Rear Admiral David G. Farragut, Comd’g W.G.B. Squadron, 8 x 10 in., inked at lower left Carry low steam (?) / D.G.F. The order begins: “Strip your vessels and prepare for the conflict: Send down all your superfluous spars and rigging,” and includes instructions and recommendations on fireproofing and protection from shot (“Put up the splinter nets on the starboard side, and barricade the wheel and steersmen with sails and hammocks. Lay chains or sand-bags on the deck over the machinery, to resist a plunging fire. Hang the sheet chains over the side, or make any other arrangement for security that your ingenuity may suggest.”), use of the guns (“Use short fuses for the shell and shrapnell, and as soon as within 300 or 400 yards, give them grape. It is understood that heretofore we have fired too high, but, with grape-shot it, is necessary to elevate a little above the object, as grape will dribble from the muzzle of the gun.”), the order and direction of attack, etc. $1,000 - $1,500

124 Signal Orders Sent by Lt. John C. Kinney from Admiral Farragut, Morning of Battle of Mobile Bay 2pp, each 5.125 x 8.125 in., recording correspondence between Admiral Farragut and the captains of the USS Brooklyn, Lackawanna, and Winnebago, signaled by Lt. John Kinney for Farragut on the morning of August 5, 1864, during the Battle of Mobile Bay. As the two columns of Federal ships began their entrance into Mobile Bay on the morning of 5 Aug. 1864, one of the monitors in the starboard column began to cut across the line of travel of the port column to intercept a Confederate monitor. The Brooklyn headed the column of woodenhulled ships in the port column. At 7.25 her captain, James Alden, ordered his ship to stop. In his flag ship just behind Brooklyn, Farragut hoisted his signal flags for “Go ahead,” to which Alden, using the Army “wig-wag” system, which he thought faster than flag hoists, replied, “The monitors are right ahead. We cannot go ahead without ramming them.” (7:25 am) Farragut was not “fluent” in wig-wag, and had to get his Army signal officer up from below decks to interpret Alden’s message. (This may account for the 5 minute delay between the first and second message transcribed here.)

Farragut replied: “Tell the monitors to go ahead. And then take your station. (7:30am) The line proceeded, and at 7:35, Alden alerted Farragut “Our best monitor [Tecumseh] is sunk.”

Farragut immediately replies “Go ahead.” Farragut tells the other rams/monitors to go ahead a few times, then in frustration: “To Capt of Lackawana / For God’s sake keep out of the way & anchor. Admiral F.” Likely as Farragut made his run around the column into the bay. No “Damn the torpedoes” in this communication, but that, and the “Full speed ahead” would have been more likely given to the crew of the Hartford.

Acquired from the Gideon Welles estate (Secretary of the Navy, 1861-1869). On loan to Mystic Seaport exhibit America at Sea, 2005-2008. $1,000 - $1,500 50

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THE PAUL DEHAAN COLLECTION | Autographs & Manuscripts

125 General Orders No. 13, Victory at Mobile Bay, Handwritten Draft Signed by Rear Admiral D.G. Farragut Approx. 6.5 x 7 in. This is Farragut’s General Order No. 13 (although the number is not on the manuscript draft). Framed with an albumen from a cdv of Farragut and a typed copy of the orders (probably from the ORs).Addressed from his flag ship, USS Hartford: Mobile Bay Aug. 6 1864 Sunday Morning Aug. 7, 64 The Admiral desires the Fleet to return thanks to Almighty God for the signal victory over the enemy on the morning of the 5th inst.

D.G. Farragut Rear Admiral Comdg. W[est].G[ulf ].B[lockading]. Squad[ron].

After the fall of New Orleans, Mobile became the primary port of the Confederacy for shipping cotton and munitions, among other items.

The Federal troops needed to shut down this access point. David Farragut arrived just outside Mobile Bay in late July 1864. He hesitated to enter the bay without his ironclads, four of which arrived at the end of the month.

The entrance to the bay entailed forts on either side, and most of the water was mined, with what at the time were known as “torpedoes,” (or, as the Federals called them, “infernal machines”). There was only a narrow channel under the guns of Fort Morgan on the eastern side of the entrance to the bay to allow blockade runners entrance.

Farragut planned his attack carefully. He would enter the bay in two columns, the ironclads closest to Fort Morgan, the wooden-hulled vessels farther away. These would also have several larger ships lashed together to: a) shield the smaller ships from the guns and b) if one was damaged, others would pull it into the bay.

The ironclad Tecumseh went first, with the assignment of shielding the wooden ships from the Confederate ironclad, CSS Tennessee, on which the only Confederate Admiral, Franklin Buchanan, was directing the action on his side of the bay. Tecumseh spotted Tennessee to the port of the wooden ships and veered over to intercept, crowding the fleet close to the mined area of the entrance. The lead wooden ship (which was to be the Hartford, but his officers talked Farragut into letting the Brooklyn go first) stopped when her commander saw the minefield ahead.

After a couple of hesitations by Brooklyn and the sinking of the Tecumseh, Farragut ordered the Hartford to pass the lead ships to port, directly through the minefield, (reportedly) uttering his famous, “Damn the torpedoes.” The rest of the fleet followed in Hartford’s wake, and miraculously made it through. Federal sailors reported hearing the clicking of primers on the “torpedoes” as the fleet steamed into harbor, but none exploded (Southern materiel was notoriously shoddy).

Upon getting his ships into the bay, a naval battle ensued, but the quicker wooden ships had little difficulty evading the clumsy ironclads. After a short battle, Buchanan evaluated his ship and let his men eat breakfast.

He then ordered the ironclad into the middle of the Federal fleet, aiming directly at the Hartford. A short time later, when the Federal fleet surrounded the Tennessee, she was badly damaged, Buchanan was wounded (again), and his flag captain, now in command, surrendered.

Farragut lost few vessels other than the initial Tecumseh sinking, but he did loose a couple hundred men. The Confederacy lost the battle and access to the bay. $2,000 - $3,000

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THE PAUL DEHAAN COLLECTION | Autographs & Manuscripts

126 Admiral D.G. Farragut ALS to Captain Henry Wise, Written Shortly After Victory at Mobile Bay, October 1, 1864 ALS, 3pp, 5 x 8 in., on “U.S. Flagship, West Gulf Squadron” letterhead, from USS Hartford, Oct. 1, 1864, Mobile Bay. Rear Admiral David G. Farragut to Capt. Henry A. Wise, Chief of the Bureau of Ordnance. In the letter Farragut thanks Wise for his letter along with letters from Mrs. Wise and Edward Everett, and Everett’s remarks on Farragut’s victory at Mobile Bay. He notes: “It is to such as Mr. Everett, that an officer looks for his ultimate reward,it is those who hand us down to posterity for what we are worth, & that worth is measured by our services to the country.” Later he expresses his wish that the entire navy could have been there to share in the victory.

Edward Everett (1794-1865) is best known as the orator that preceded Lincoln at the dedication ceremony at Gettysburg. But Everett was also a pastor (Unitarian), educator (Harvard), politician (House of Representatives, Senate, Gov. of Massachusetts), diplomat (ambassador to England, Secretary of State) as well as orator. His second daughter, Charlotte (1825-1879) married Henry Augustus Wise (1819-1869), the recipient of this missive. Wise began his naval

127 Asst. Engineer George P. Hunt, Civil War CDV Vignetted view of Engineer George P. Hunt by the Stirling Photographic Gallery, Brooklyn, NY. New York native, George P. Hunt (1833-1887) had a career in the US Navy that lasted from 1861-1887. He was appointed 3rd Asst.

Engineer on July 1, 1861, and served aboard the steamer Rhode Island, Blockading Squadron, 1861, as well as the steam-sloop Dacotah, N.A., 1862-1863. On December 18, 1862, Hunt was promoted to 2nd Asst.

Engineer, and from 1864-1865, he served aboard the USS Metacomet.

While Hunt’s ship went on several cruises in search for blockade runners in the Gulf of Mexico, this tour was highlighted by the action at Mobile Bay in August 1864. Hunt was promoted to 1st Asst.

Engineer on July 4, 1865, and Chief Engineer on December 29, 1880.

His life was cut short when he died on board the Cunard steamer Catalonia in April 1887, and his remains were buried at sea. $300 - $500

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career as a mid-shipman in 1834 and served in the Mexican War. When the Civil War broke out he had to chose between his home state of Virginia and the Federal Navy in which he was serving. He chose to stay with the Union. He was appointed Chief of the Bureau of Ordnance and Hydrography in 1864, and held the position until he resigned in 1868.

After gaining control of the Mississippi River in July 1863, Rear Admiral Farragut turned his attention to Mobile, the last major Gulf port of the Confederacy. The bay was heavily mined, with tethered charges known at the time as “torpedoes.” Farragut ordered his fleet to charge the bay, but when the USS Tecumseh sank as the result of one of these “torpedoes,” the other ships pulled back. Farragut was lashed high in his flagship’s rigging, and upon learning the reason for the hesitation, reportedly shouted “Damn the torpedoes. Four bells. Captain Drayton, go ahead! Jouett, full speed.” The quote is usually rendered: “Damn the torpedoes. Full speed ahead.” (Much more generic and more widely applicable!) $4,000 - $6,000

THE PAUL DEHAAN COLLECTION | Autographs & Manuscripts George P. Hunt served in the US Navy for over a quarter century, from the outbreak of the Civil War in 1861 until his death in 1887. His most notable service was undoubtedly his stint as assistant engineer of the USS Metacomet, ca 1864-1865, during which he took part in the Battle of Mobile Bay on August 5, 1864.

Upon entering Mobile Bay as part of Farragut’s double-column of 18 ships, Metacomet participated in the capture of the Confederate ram CSS Tennessee and rescued the survivors from the USS Tecumseh, which had been sunk by a torpedo. Following the battle, both the Union and Confederate wounded were placed on Metacomet, which was permitted to pass Fort Morgan under a flag of truce on her way to the naval hospital at Pensacola.

The wooden side-wheel steamer also provided invaluable service in the months before and after the Battle of Mobile Bay in her pursuit and capture of several British and Confederate blockade runners, including Donegal, Susanna, Sea Witch, and Lilly, and participated in the covert destruction of the beached Ivanhoe. Asst. Engineer Hunt was present for all these events, and his well-written letters to his future wife provide an important first-hand account.

128 Asst. Engineer George P. Hunt, ALS Written Days Before the Battle of Mobile Bay, August 3, 1864 ALS, 5.5pp, dated on the Metacomet, at Pensacola Navy Yard, August 3, 1864, accompanied by the original envelope, postmarked at New Orleans, August 9. Written only two days before the Battle of Mobile Bay, Asst.

Engineer Hunt explains what he understands to be the formation and order of ships in the coming assault, saying How we will fare only God knows, but he takes comfort in the fact that Metacomet has become the “pet ship” and fastest in the fleet. He says he has been busy constructing sandbag barricades around the machinery and boilers. He notes the various forts, batteries, rams, torpedoes, and other infernal machines they will be up against, but says he fears the torpedoes most of all, as he witnessed one throw up a column of water 40 feet high. In the postscript he adds: Some deserters have just come in from Fort Morgan and they promise us a warm reception...4pm 4th We have just arrived with the “Tecumseh” and hope to go in tonight (Tecumseh would go on to hit one of the torpedoes Hunt feared, sinking in less than 30 seconds along with most of the crew, the survivors being rescued by the Metacomet). $800 - $1,000

129 Asst. Engineer George P. Hunt, ALS Regarding the Battle of Mobile Bay, In Captured Confederate Envelope, August 8, 1864 ALS, 2pp, dated on the Metacomet, at Pensacola Navy Yard, August 8, 1864, accompanied by the original envelope, postmarked at New Orleans, August 9. In his first message after the Battle of Mobile Bay, Hunt writes I am overjoyed at the good news of the stars and stripes flying over Fort Gaines. He then explains the Metacomet’s medical mission and the capture of CSA boats and officers: We are burying our dead and tending to the wounded. We set for Pensacola under a flag of truce Sunday morning. Last night we ran close to Fort Gaines under a flag of truce to fetch two senior officers who wished to surrender to the Navy.

They wanted to be our prisoners for the Navy has won it & they would not surrender except to the Navy - would not do it to the Army. The Adm.’s Fleet Capt. Drayton rcvd them on board here and the rumour is they surrendered to him this morn. I visited the ram “Tennessee” yesterday, Adm. B might well be proud of her. I direct this letter in a secesh envelope from her Lieut’s room and also enclose a letter from him. Hunt closes by saying he is feeling ill, but I want to lick those gunboats that escaped up the river and take the city - then I shall feel good... $800 - $1,000

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THE PAUL DEHAAN COLLECTION | Autographs & Manuscripts 130 Asst. Engineer George P. Hunt, ALS Regarding the Battle of Mobile Bay, September 7, 1864 ALS, 6pp, each 8 x 10 in., dated on the Metacomet, in Mobile Bay, Sept. 7, 1864.

Hunt opens by lamenting the difficulty in receiving mail, having lost several parcels recently, and he complains about the heat inside the ship, reaching 123 degrees on deck, 130+ in the engine room, and 175 inside a monitor, but he soon returns to the subject of the Battle of Mobile Bay. Hunt was unable to witness much other than the occasional peep as he was in charge of the engine room and usually below deck, but he gives a detailed description combining what he saw with his own eyes and what his comrades reported amongst themselves. He says that after the Tecumseh sank, There was no time for signals so the Admiral sang out to go ahead past and away leading the way.

The old Hartford fired broadside after broadside. We were given the order not to fire until we were abreast of the fort. The Hartford had it to herself until the three leading vessels arrived and as soon as the guns could be trained on the fort he sang out “Fire Brooklyn, Fire Richmond, Fire Hartford” and for some time there was a perfect roar...

The firing was enough to deafen someone forever.

Hunt explains Farragut’s course through the harbor and the Metacomet’s pursuit of the rebel ships Tennessee, Selma and Morgan, as well as an account of the iconic image from the fight: The Adm. kept at his station through the whole of the fight where he could see the whole fleet. He moved but once and that but a few steps higher up in the rigging when a shell burst below his feet and killed his secretary Higginbotham. He was very much enraged at one or two of his fleet who did not come off the mark and swore very forcibly after the fight. He discusses the dead and wounded and says, the hospital at Pensacola was not as it should have been and I am thankful I was not among the wounded...The pilot

131 Asst. Engineer George P. Hunt, ALS Regarding the Battle of Mobile Bay, October 7, 1864 ALS, 8pp, each 5 x 8 in., dated on the USS Metacomet, in Pensacola Bay, Oct. 7, 1864, with updates until Oct. 19 at Mobile Bay. Speaking again of the Battle of Mobile Bay, Asst. Engineer Hunt says It was like a 4th of July celebration that morning when we got under way by the number of flags we had flying, every vessel flying the Stars and Stripes from every masthead and flagstaff and that he was nervous only until the first shot - the suspense was worse than the reality. He says, Reprimands, dismissals, and resignations have been the order of the day since then. The old Adm. is too smart for them as it was a very good idea for him to be in the rigging as he could see for himself there. Hunt writes that the sailors of the fleet are hoping for prize money from the sale of the captured ships, and that they hope to go to Galveston to experience the thrill of at least one more good chase with a fast blockade runner before the end of the war, but the Admiral is too afraid to let the speedy Metacomet leave his side so they will have to wait until the Hartford is relieved by the Richmond. $800 - $1,000

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of the Hartford lay wounded in the hospital in Pensacola for 48 hours before treatment, the same for three men who had their arms amputated. Getting back to his current situation, Hunt says, We are lying near the city at night and during the day we are poking our noses in every nook and corner of the Bay picking up niggers, refugees, conscripts, union men, and anything else.

He speaks of rumors they have been hearing about the rest of the country, including Sherman taking Atlanta and Grant taking Weldon Railroad, and, in closing, while begging for news form the North, says, There are rumours that McClellan might be our next President - surely not! I would prefer even Jeff Davis himself!

Altogether an extraordinary account of the battle from a sailor who participated in the fight. $800 - $1,000

THE PAUL DEHAAN COLLECTION | Autographs & Manuscripts

132 Asst. Engineer George P. Hunt, ALS from Mobile Bay, March 26, 1865 ALS, 15pp over four 4pp lettersheets, each 5 x 8 in., dated on the Metacomet, in Mobile Bay, March 26, 1865, with updates until April 1, addressed to Miss Eames of Brooklyn (Cordelia Eames, 1833-1900, whom he would marry Dec. 11, 1865). Hunt explains the crew is making preparations for attacking the naval batteries at Mobile the next morning, with land support of 45,000 troops under Gens. Granger and Canby, and describes the assembling of force and violent shelling of the shore over the previous week. Hunt updates the letter two and three days later with results of the attack, including the loss of Milwaukee and Osage, both of which he personally witnessed from the deck. In addition to lengthy, detailed battle descriptions, Hunt also voices his frustration with Admiral Thatcher and several army generals for ineffectual command, as he believes they should have been able to take the Mobile and the Spanish Fort weeks earlier. He even writes, If the Rebs had a smart general in command of the eastern shore, Canby’s command would have been gobbled up. Letter accompanied by the original envelope and a typed transcription. $800 - $1,000

133 Asst. Engineer George P. Hunt, ALS from Mobile Bay, April 9, 1865 ALS, 2pp, 5 x 8 in., dated on the Metacomet, in Mobile Bay, April 9, 1865.

Hunt has just heard of his father’s death and laments how cruel it is to suffer such a loss just as it seems that the war is ending and he will finally be able to return home. The only other thing he is capable of relating is the previous night’s shelling of the Spanish Fort, which resulted in the Rebels spiking their guns and evacuating in the middle of the night, much to the embarrassment of Adm. Thatcher and Gen. Canby. He closes, quite ironically — seeing as the letter was written within hours of Lee’s surrender at Appomattox — by saying Everything is exceedingly quiet today. A postscript states that the crew has just received news of the fall of Petersburg. $800 - $1,000

134 Invitation Card for Asst. Engineer George Hunt for Reception Honoring Admiral Farragut in Pompeii Invitation, 3.625 x 5.75 in., with the stamp of the United States Consulate at Naples, requesting the presence of George P. Hunt at an Excavation & Collation at Pompei...(March 12, 1868)...given in honor of the visit of Admiral Farragut, on behalf of a committee chaired by W.H. Aspinwall. Invitation to be used for free passage on the trains departing and returning to Naples. $100 - $150

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THE PAUL DEHAAN COLLECTION | Autographs & Manuscripts

135 Public Reception for Vice Admiral D.G. Farragut, April 3, 1865 Invitation Printed sheet, 4.75 x 8 in. Norfolk, VA, March 31, 1865. Addressed to Lieut. M.L. Rouse (possibly of the 148th NY which had been stationed in the Suffolk, Norfolk, Yorktown area, or possibly a naval officer for whom records are spotty). Reception on April 3.

David Farragut had been stationed at Norfolk before the war erupted.

When it appeared that open conflict was inevitable, he moved his family to New York. When he was offered a commission by his adoptive brother David Porter, he hesitated to accept, because the “rumor mill” suggested that the target was Norfolk, and even though he left, there were still friends and family (his wife was a Virginia native) in the town. $300 - $500

137 D.G. Farragut ALS to Secretary of Navy, Gideon Welles Questioning Why Richard Dunphy Did Not Receive CMOH, February, 1866 ALS, 1p, 7.25 x 11.5 in. New York, Feb. 15, 1866. To Gideon Welles. Farragut writes to Welles: I presume that the reason why Richard D. Dunphy was not recommended

by Captain Drayton for a medal, was that he was not expected to live, at the time the report was made out but I have inquired particularly of the Officer who was stationed in his Division, & he speaks highly of Dunphy’s conduct during the whole engagement (Battle of Mobile Bay], & I therefore recommend him to the Department for a medal. He lost both his arms, while doing his duty in the most gallant manner. The lot also includes a series of five CDVs of Dunphy, one in uniform, the others in civilian clothing, and a Medal of Honor.

A CDV of Captain Drayton and Admiral Farragut sitting together is also included.

A wonderful lot that tells the story of an Irish immigrant and his commander, who took care of his men as he, himself, was cared for in his youth. Although Dunphy was “only” a coal heaver, this attention by Farragut also emphasizes that all positions are important in battle. $3,500 - $5,500 56

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136 Gideon Welles & David Farragut LS to Rear Admiral David Porter to Report to the Navy Board to Review Officer Advancements LS, 1p, 7.75 x 9.75 in., on Navy Dept. lined paper, dated at Washington, Jan. 19, 1866, addressed to Rear Admiral David. D. Porter at Annapolis, MD, ordering him to report to Vice Admiral Farragut Jan. 23 at Washington for duty as a member of a board commenced under the Act of 24 January 1865, to review officers of the Navy and Marine Corps for advancement relative to distinguished merit during the Civil War. Signed by Gideon Welles as Secretary of the Navy and D.G. Farragut as Vice Admiral and President of said Board. $500 - $700

THE PAUL DEHAAN COLLECTION | Autographs & Manuscripts 138 Page from Hotel Bellevue Register, Palace Royale, Brussels, June 10, 1868, Date that Farragut & Co. Visited Battlefield at Waterloo 1 leaf, 8.75 x 12.25 in, with three columns in which guests registered name, home and date. About half of the way down the page, one finds D.G. Farragut | Admiral U.S. Navy | June 10th, 1868, followed by A.M. Pennock (Capt. U.S. Navy), Wm. E. LeRoy (Capt. U.S. Navy), Alex McKinley (Secy.), J.N. Krug (Ensign, U.S. N.), Jas. E. Montgomery (“do do” = i.e., ditto as Admiral’s Secretary - Krug inserted his name between McKinley and Montgomery), ... J.C. Harris (U.S. Navy), C.? West ( “ “ “). (A couple more appear on verso on June 12th.)

In his book on “The Cruise of the Franklin,” James Montgomery (Secy.) notes: The next day [June 10th] was devoted to a pilgrimage to one of the great fields upon the issues of which hinged the destinies of Europe.

The Admiral had always promised himself an excursion to Waterloo, and accompanied by Captains Pennock and Le Roy, and Messrs. McKinley and Montgomery, he succeeded in accomplishing the tour, and there realized one of the dreams of his ambition.... Our chaperone was one Pilsen, a true Britisher, whose father was in the 7th Hussars, who fought desperately in that world’s great battle; and escorted by him, we visited all parts of that historic field.... The Admiral was delighted with his visit, and said that for the first time he thoroughly understood the disposition of the two great armies on that field, and the general plan of the attack and defence;... [1869: 338-339] $200 - $300

THE PAUL DEHAAN COLLECTION | Newspapers, Broadsides & Other Imprints

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139 Publications Referencing Admiral D.G. Farragut & the Launching of USS Hartford Lot of 4, including: Boston Post, November 23, 1858, with front page report of the launching of the USS Hartford, in the sixth column, headed Launch at the Charleston Navy Yard - The Sloop-of-War Hartford Afloat, which was the beginning of her almost 99 years of service to the US Navy. 23 x 30 in., 4pp.

Accompanied by 3 issues of Harper’s Weekly, some partial, each 12 x 16 in., including August 29, 1863 front page featuring portrait of Rear-Admiral D.G. Farragut and description of his military life; undated, single page honoring the life of Farragut after his passing, including standing portrait; and October 15, 1870 issue, 16pp, with front page depiction of Farragut’s funeral parade passing up Broadway in New York. $100 - $150

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THE PAUL DEHAAN COLLECTION | Newspapers, Broadsides & Other Imprints 140 Admiral D.G. Farragut & Battle of New Orleans Illustrated Sheet Music Lot of 2 pieces of printed sheet music, including: The Battle of New Orleans, 10pp, with dramatic, colored illustration of battle on cover, published by Lee & Walker, Philadelphia, 1862, 10.75 x 14 in.; Admiral Farragut’s Grand March, by J. Strauss, Boston, 6pp, with oval-length portrait of Farragut on cover, published by Oliver Ditson & Co., no date, 10.25 x 13.75 in. $300 - $500

1 of 2

141 Civil War, US Navy Broadside, The Conscript Bill! How to Avoid It!!

Printed broadside, boldly headed The Conscript Bill!/ How to Avoid it!!/ U.S. Navy/ 1000 Men Wanted, for 12 Months!, promoting the perks of joining the US Navy, including higher pay, $50,000,000 in prizes, opportunities for promotions, and chances for warrants, bounties, and medals of honor. With contact information for E.Y. Butler, USN Recruiting Officer, Salem, MA. Printed by Wright & Potter’s Boston Printing Establishment. 12.5 x 16.25 in., framed, 18 x 22 in.

Restored by The Conservation Center, Chicago, IL, and accompanied by copy of treatment recommendations. $1,500 - $2,500

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THE PAUL DEHAAN COLLECTION | VIII-Inch Navy Bureau of Ordnance Shell Gun

142 VIII-Inch Navy Bureau of Ordnance Shell Gun, 6500 Pounds VIII-inch Navy Bureau of Ordnance Shell Gun, 6500 pounds. Nominal bore length of 96 in. agrees with the bore length including the 8-in. round bottom Gomer chamber. Total length is 114 in.

A total of 151 VIII-inch guns were ordered before, and another 200 after the end of hostilities. Twenty-three survive, including this example.

A crew of thirteen, including powder boys, served the gun.

Tabulations show expectation that a 7-pound propellant charge would give 51.5 pound shell ranges up to 2,300 yards at 10 degree elevation and 9.7 second time of flight. The same charge should give 52 pound shrapnel ranges up to 1600 yards at 5 degree elevation and 5.8 second time of flight.

Line of Provenance: Norfolk Naval Yard Private collector in Virginia Beach, VA, who had five cannon in his collection New Market Virginia Battlefield Military Museum, John Bracken, Owner Lewis Leigh, Jr. via auction June 22, 2001. He purchased a pair of these cannon and sold one to the City of Newport News, VA One cannon sold to Paul DeHaan in June 2007 This lot is currently located at Mr. DeHaan’s residence in Kalamazoo, MI. Following the auction, the buyer will have 10-15 days to inspect the cannon in Kalamazoo, MI, and accept or reject sale. $20,000 - $30,000

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THE PAUL DEHAAN COLLECTION | Uniforms, Equipment & Accoutrements 143 USS Hartford, Canister Ammunition Box, Plus Metal Canister Containing One Inch Shot Canister ammunition box from the USS Hartford, 17 in. wide, 12 in. high, 18 in. deep. With indecipherable stenciling on cover. Stenciled on inside cover Hartford, with Navy Yard Boston tag tacked on below. Outside front of box stenciled Hartford / Canister / Unfixed. Accompanied by metal canister, 5 in. high, filled with 1 in. diameter shot.

On loan to Mystic Seaport Museum’s exhibit, “America at Sea,” 2005-2008. $5,000 - $7,000

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144 Powder Chest Marked USS Hartford Powder chest, 14 in. high, 33 in. wide, 18 in. deep, inside cover marked: USS Hartford/ Powder Chest 1864-5, including the name T.E.O. Marvin, and location Lake Station, NH. $2,500 - $3,500

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THE PAUL DEHAAN COLLECTION | Uniforms, Equipment & Accoutrements 145 Farrier Knife Used by Sailor on the USS Hartford at New Orleans, 1862 3.75 in. blade, 4.75 in. long when closed. Attached label reads: This knife was carried by a sailor named Paggie in the Civil War. He served on the Hartford under Farragut and had it with him on the running of the batteries at New Orleans. He gave it to my father. Framed in Riker mount, 10.25 x 14.25 in. $300 - $500

146 Silver Grip Sword of Master James A. Hamilton, USS Malvern & USS Conemaugh Pattern 1850 Naval Officer’s sword. 28.5 in. blade, with fuller and USN etched in panels as well as naval motifs. Chased brass pommel with eagle and stars in the top of the pommel. Single guard branching out with oak leafs, USN marked. Leather scabbard with brass fittings engraved with naval motifs and bands with rope design leading to the carrion rings. Top brass band of scabbard engraved Jas. A. Hamilton / U.S.N. Born in Bangor, ME, James A. Hamilton (1833-1912) was appointed Acting Ensign at Foxcraft, ME on December 27, 1862, and was assigned to the steam gunboat USS Eutaw, which was a paddlewheel vessel equipped with ten guns that was assigned to the North Atlantic Squadron. While on the Eutaw, Hamilton was promoted to Master on July 11, 1864. From October 1864-January 1865, Hamilton would also serve aboard the USS Malvern, a twelve-gun paddle-wheel vessel that was Admiral David Porter’s flagship, which participated in the campaign leading to the capture of Fort Fisher and was also utilized for conferences between President Lincoln and General Grant. In addition, he served on the USS Conemaugh from December 1865-February 1866. This ten-gun paddle-wheel vessel participated in the West Gulf Blockading Squadron and captured the blockade runner Judson on April 30, 1864. The Conemaugh was also assigned to Admiral D.G. Farragut’s fleet, landing troops at Dauphin Island on August 3, 1864, and later participating in the Battle at Mobile Bay. Following the Civil War, Hamilton was honorably discharged from the US Navy on March 1, 1866. $6,000 - $8,000

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THE PAUL DEHAAN COLLECTION | Uniforms, Equipment & Accoutrements

147 Civil War Model 1852 Naval Officer’s Sword Belt Civil War US M1852 Naval Officer’s sword belt, consisting of two-piece interlocking belt plate on black leather belt with sword slings. 35 in. long. $300 - $600

149 Confederate & Union Reproduction Naval Enlisted Uniforms Lot of 2, including Confederate enlisted sailor’s reproduction shirt, pants, and belt, on standing manikin, 57 in. tall. Accompanied by a Union enlisted sailor’s reproduction shirt, pants, and scarf, with original naval belt and cap box, on standing manikin, 57 in. tall. Cap box is embossed USN. $100 - $150 62

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148 Naval Cap Naval cap with cotton, summer white cover and flannel lining inside brim. With three brown, silk ribbons stitched to brim.

Lacking hatmaker’s label. Ca mid-to-late 19th century. 9.5 in. dia., 2 in. tall. $600 - $800

THE PAUL DEHAAN COLLECTION | Uniforms, Equipment & Accoutrements 150 Fire Bucket From the USS Independence, Ca War of 1812 Leather fire bucket from the USS Independence, ca 1812-1816, on which David Farragut served as a midshipmen from April to December of 1815. Stamped on bottom USNY / Boston. 16 in. high with handle, 9 in. dia.

Launched at the Boston Navy Yard in June 1814, the USS Independence, originally a ship of the line and the first to be commissioned by the US Navy, was the 90-gun flagship of Commodore William Bainbridge’s squadron, under the command of Captain William Crane. On April 12, 1815, Farragut was assigned by Captain Crane to serve as his aide, and while in this position, Farragut became thoroughly familiar with every part of the ship. During his eight months aboard the Independence, Farragut also developed a lifelong friendship with surgeon’s mate, Dr. Solomon Townsend. $1,500 - $2,500

151 Pair of Fire Buckets From the USS Hartford Commemorating Farragut’s Victory at New Orleans & Mobile Bay Lot of 2 leather water/fire buckets from the USS Hartford, stamped on the bottom USNY / Boston (issued 1858-1859), restored and repainted with the dates of Farragut’s victories at New Orleans and Mobile Bay. 10.75 in. high, approx. 16 in. high with handles, 9 in. dia. $5,000 - $10,000

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THE PAUL DEHAAN COLLECTION | Uniforms, Equipment & Accoutrements

152 USS Hartford, Civil War Marine Corp Drum Background is brown with shield-breasted eagle holding ribbon inscribed U.S.S. Hartford, rims painted red. Drum heads are held with rope, leather tighteners, some replaced. Both heads present, with small area of loss to bottom head. Paint is still bright. 13 in. tall, 15.5 in. dia. $15,000 - $25,000 153 Civil War-Era Drumsticks Pair of Civil War-period, wooden drumsticks, each decorated with bone, 16.75 in. $75 - $100

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THE PAUL DEHAAN COLLECTION | Relics

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154 USS Hartford, Folding Deck Chair Wooden deck chair from the USS Hartford, marked Collignon’s patent Sept. 19, 1869, with seat stenciled USS Hartford. The chair has a great folding mechanism. 35.5 in. tall when unfolded. $400 - $600 155 Wood Gavel from the USS Hartford Wood gavel, 3.5 x 11.5 in., with attached tag reading From USS Hartford / Farragut’s flagship, Mobile Bay. $500 - $700 156 USS Hartford Wood Gavel Presented to GAR Post Wood gavel, 3.5 x 8 in., affixed with metal plate reading Phillip Hichborn, U.S.N. / To U.S. Grant Post / From U.S.S. Hartford. $400 - $600

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THE PAUL DEHAAN COLLECTION | Relics

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157 USS Hartford, Lantern, Ca 1875 Lantern, 17 in. tall with handle upright, 7 in. dia., with USS. Hartford painted at base. From the USS Hartford, ca 1875. $250 - $450 158 USS Hartford, Copper Pin Relic Copper pin relic, 10.25 in. long, .75 in. dia., stamped: 1858/ USS Hartford/ New Orleans/ Vicksburg/ Mobile Bay/ Farragut 1 - 28 - 62 to/ 12 - 13 - 64. Mounted with wire to wood base. $200 - $300 159 USS Hartford, Mahogany Wall Panel Removed from D.G. Farragut’s Cabin Mahogany wall panel, 7.5 x 66 in., removed from Admiral D.G. Farragut’s cabin on the USS Hartford by Charles Spenser, who bought the salvage rights in 1957. With small photocopy of June 28, 1994 typed document issued by Spenser, certifying that the panel was removed from the ship and was located against the mizzen mast in Farragut’s cabin. $300 - $500

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THE PAUL DEHAAN COLLECTION | Relics 160 USS Hartford, Round Table Removed from the Flagship Round table, 22 in. tall, 27 in. dia., comprised of wood removed from the USS Hartford by Charles Spenser during his salvage operation in September 1957. With copy of June 28, 1994 typed document issued

by Spenser, certifying that the round table was removed from the ship, including inked signature of witness and Spencer’s facsimile signature. $400 - $600 161 USS Hartford, Walking Stick Made from Original Wooden Keel Walking stick, 33.25 in. ln., 1.5 in. ferrule, with metal band mounted near top of wooden stick, inscribed Original Keel USS Hartford. $300 - $500 162 USS Hartford, Walking Stick with Head in Form of Cannon Hand-carved, hardwood walking stick, 33 in. ln., 1 in. ferrule; with relief carved banner spiraling around the shaft: USS Hartford. The brass head is in the form of a cannon. $500 - $700 160

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THE PAUL DEHAAN COLLECTION | Relics

163 Commander Joseph P. Mickley, USN, Remarkable Table Constructed of Relic Wood from Famous Naval Ships A unique, hand-made table believed to be primarily constructed from pieces of wood salvaged from Civil War naval vessels, many of which passed through the Norfolk Navy Yard. The table was made by Joseph R. Mickley of Lehigh County, PA in the late 1890s. 18.25 in. wide x 18.25 in. deep x 30.75 in. high. The construction is excellent. A small brass plate nailed to the top is inscribed Old Navy Ships.

Table base is solid brass and looks like a stand once used to hold a ship’s compass. The inlaid wooden pieces in the table top come from the following sources and/or locations according to the blueprint affixed to the bottom of the table top: • USS Hartford: Admiral D.G. Farragut’s flagship • USS Alliance: The first ship to carry the American flag; Commanded by John Paul Jones; Fired the first and last shot of the Revolutionary War • USS Kearsarge: Defeated the Alabama off the coast of France • USS United States: Burnt at Norfolk Navy Yard • USS Congress: Sunk by the Merrimac • USS Constitution: Flagship of Commodore Matthew Perry • USS Cumberland: Sunk by the Merrimac • Confederate Ram Merrimac An English ship sunk in Newport Harbor by Count D’Estanges’ fleet in 1779. This portion raised by class divers, Naval apprentices, Torpedo Station, Newport, RI in 1892 The table top also includes a piece of wood taken from the Elm tree under which William Penn signed the famous Indian Peace Treaty in 1683.

The maker of this unique piece, Joseph Mickley, was stationed at the Norfolk Navy Yard, Potomac Flotilla on January 1, 1865 and served in the Coeur de Leon (4th rate) division as an Acting Third Assistant Engineer. He continued to serve the US Navy through the early 20th century. Throughout his naval career, he saved hull material and crafted this table sometime after 1892.

Property of Another Consignor $8,000 - $12,000

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THE PAUL DEHAAN COLLECTION | Relics 164 Presentation Gavel Made of Wood from the Rebel Steamer Merrimac (CSS Virginia), Identified to Capt. J.H. Liebenau, 1863 Wooden gavel, 1.875 dia. x 3.5 in. head on a 8.25 in. handle.

Plaque engraved (sic): Made from the wood of the Rebel Steamer Merrimac and Presented to Washington Heigts No. 530 FVAM By Bro. Capt. J.H. Leibenau, 1863.

Joseph Henry Liebenau enlisted as a first lieutenant at New York on April 17, 1861, just days after the Battle of Fort Sumter. He was commissioned into field and staff of the 7th New York Infantry (30 days) on April 26 and given responsibilities as adjutant of the regiment, which was composed of some of the most experienced militiamen in the state, many of whom went on to accept commissions as officers after their initial month-plus of service. Liebenau mustered out of the 7th on June 3, 1861, but nine months later was commissioned captain and assistant adjutant general in the US Volunteers Adjutant General’s Office.

He resigned September 11, 1863, and died in 1878.

Property of Another Consignor $800 - $1,200

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THE PAUL DEHAAN COLLECTION | Flags & Patriotic Textiles

165 Admiral D.G. Farragut’s Yacht Ensign Flag with Inscription Worsted wool, 25 x 36 in., with hand-sewn cotton stars and anchor, double-sided. Canton contains 12 stars encircling an anchor, which is ink inscribed in the hand of Francis Bannerman A present from Adm. Farragut. The consignor relates that the flag was from Bannerman’s New York military surplus store and museum. $6,000 - $8,000

detail SEE DETAILED DESCRIPTIONS, ADDITIONAL PHOTOGRAPHS AND CONDITION REPORTS OF ALL LOTS AT COWANS.COM

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THE PAUL DEHAAN COLLECTION | Flags & Patriotic Textiles

166 4-Star Admiral’s Flag Presented to D.G. Farragut Upon Appointment to Admiral, July, 1866, Plus Worsted wool with four cotton stars, double-sewn, approx. 72 x 92 in. overall, with Farragut inked on the hoist. Presented to Farragut upon his appointment to full admiral, July 25, 1866. First used on the USS Franklin June 28, 1867, and used last during his funeral procession on Sept. 30, 1870. Accompanied by Harper’s Weekly of October 15, 1870, featuring a cover illustration of the funeral procession. $5,000 - $7,000

167 Five Pieces of USS Hartford Flag, Taken December, 1861 Lot includes 5 pieces of the USS Hartford’s flag, accompanied by a card that reads Silk and Grass of the Hartford’s Flag to Philadelphia Dec. 6 (1861), Presented by Mr. Thos. Coleman, U.S.S. Hartford. Accompanied by a printed card, To the Patriotic Seamen of the U.S. Steamship Hartford... from 22 members of the Union Volunteer Refreshment Saloon giving thanks for the flag, dated Dec. 7, 1861. The white star is linen, the other four pieces silk. Stars measure 12.5 in. across, largest square section (red) 5.25 in. square; framed, 17 x 21 in. $400 - $600

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THE PAUL DEHAAN COLLECTION | Flags & Patriotic Textiles

168 Piece of Flag from USS Hartford Remnant of American flag taken from the USS Hartford, approx. 15 x 57 in., professionally framed, 33.5 x 43 in. Accompanied by printed copy of previous auction listing referencing the following line of provenance of the flag remnant: Acquired by a Dr. Fillinger at the Navy Yard, Philadelphia, PA, date unknown

Collection of Harold Robinson, date unknown Sharpsburg Arsenal, Maryland, date unknown Purchased by Paul DeHaan in October 2001 A letter certifying the line of provenance, dated October 9, 2001, issued and signed by Don Stoops of Sharpsburg Arsenal, accompanies the lot. $3,000 - $4,000

169 USS Hartford, 13-Star Flag from Flagship, Ca 1875 Printed wool, approx. 67 x 116 in., with canvas hoist stenciled USS HARTFORD and Manufactured by H.S. Bunting Co., Lowell, Mass., and twice inked Richards. Ca 1875. $1,500 - $2,500

170 Pieces of Flag from the USS Hartford Largest section (red) roughly 4 x 8 in., framed, 10.5 x 12.5 in. Inked note is written and signed by H.W. Polhemus of Richmond, ME, explaining that the three pieces are from a flag flown on the USS Hartford, ca 1862-1864, including the Battle of Mobile Bay, and given by Admiral Belknap to Capt. Huchinson and presented to Capt. C.H. Reed, whose son enlisted Polhemus to mend the flag on July 4, 1904, allowing him to keep the old pieces. $400 - $600

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THE PAUL DEHAAN COLLECTION | Flags & Patriotic Textiles 171 UCV Flag Flown On The USS Hartford As It Was Being Taken To Salvage, 1957 Cotton, 33.5 x 52 in., United Confederate Veteran’s printed and machine-stitched flag modeled after the Third national flag. Cotton hoist with metal grommets, stamped near top grommet: U.S. Flag & Signal Co./ 217 Bank Street/ Norfolk, Virginia. This flag was flown on the USS Hartford as it was being taken to Charles Spenser’s salvage yard on August 14, 1957. Spenser had purchased the salvage rights to the ship in 1957. With inked inscriptions along hoist indicating each event at which the flag was flown, including the following: Flown From Stern Flagpole USS Hartford Norfolk VA Aug 15 1957. $1,000 - $1,200

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172 Signal Flags Belonging to Charles P. Eaton, 12th Maine Volunteers & Signal Corps Two red and white signal flags previously owned by Charles P. Eaton, each approx. 46 x 46 in., framed, approx. 48 x 48 in.

Born in Portland, ME, Charles P. Eaton (1843-1882) enlisted as a private in Co. K, 12th Maine Volunteers on October 8, 1861 for three years’ service. Less than one year later, on June 2, 1862, Eaton was transferred to the Signal Corps, and by order of General B. Butler, he was assigned to 1st Lieut. E.H. Russell’s detachment. From January 1863-December 1863, Eaton was assigned to Capt. W.W. Rowley’s detachment of the Signal Corps. A Muster Roll for Eaton, dated March and April 1863, indicates that he was on the USS Hartford during the Port Hudson Campaign. The Muster Roll includes the following written remarks: On Signal duty with Admiral Farragut on Flag Ship Hartford.

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Clothing account settled to Oct. 18’ 1862. Copies of several Muster Rolls, including this example, and other documents pertaining to Eaton’s service accompany the lot.

Eaton was promoted to Sergeant on January 18, 1864, and was assigned to Capt. Frank W. Marston’s detachment of the Signal Corps from January through October of 1864, when he was discharged.

At the Battle of Mobile Bay in August of 1864, about 40 signal men served with Admiral Farragut’s fleet. Capt. Marston’s detachment of about seven men served on the USS Hartford, including Eaton, thus indicating that he could very well have been at Mobile Bay. Following the Civil War, Eaton returned to Maine and married Martha Wentworth in August of 1869. Records indicate that he briefly lived in Boston, MA, ca 1880, but died two years later, on April 13, 1882, at the Merchants’ Hotel in Topeka, KS. $8,000 - $10,000

THE PAUL DEHAAN COLLECTION | Flags & Patriotic Textiles 173 11-Star Flag Taken from the Blockade Runner Ivanhoe by Lt. J.C. Watson, July 6, 1864 Wool, with cotton hoist and stars, 15.25 x 21.5 in., inked IVANHOE on the hoist. Framed with a CDV of Lt. J.C. Watson and an ANS written in retirement, recounting his first meeting with Admiral Farragut, at Philadelphia Navy Yard, February 1862; 31.5 x 35.5 in. overall.

Ivanhoe was attempting to run the blockade at Mobile Bay just before midnight, June 30, 1864, when she was spotted by the dispatch boat USS Glasgow, which itself had been a blockade runner captured in the same area just 13 months earlier. Glasgow gave chase and forced Ivanhoe aground just in front of Fort Morgan, but the fort’s guns prevented the Union forces from capturing her. Admiral Farragut ordered the USS Metacomet and Monongahela to fire upon Ivanhoe from afar, but their attempts were unsuccessful. Unwilling to allow the blockade runner to unload her cargo in plain sight of his entire fleet, however, the admiral authorized Flag Lieutenant John Crittenden Watson to lead a covert expedition to burn her. Shortly after midnight on July 6, the team of small boats sneaked up to the Ivanhoe and set her aflame, causing Farragut to announce to the fleet the next morning that “the entire conduct of the expedition was marked by a promptness and energy which shows what may be expected of such officers and men on similar occasions.” $6,000 - $8,000

THE PAUL DEHAAN COLLECTION | Folk Art 174 Sheet Iron Weathervane of a Ship’s Captain, Modeled After Admiral David Farragut American, 1890. A silhouette-form weathervane depicting a sailor modeled after Admiral D.G. Farragut, holding a telescope and wearing a hat, knee-length coat, trousers, and boots, constructed of multiple pieces of sheet iron riveted together and reinforced with iron straps, the surface of front side painted blue, gold, beige, black, and brown.

Manufactured in Watertown, NY and presented on a metal stand with wood base; 33 in. tall (without stand), 30 in. at widest point. $2,500 - $3,500

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THE PAUL DEHAAN COLLECTION | Personal, Commemorative & GAR Collectibles

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175 Two Farragut Family Serving Spoons, Engraved DGF Lot of 2 coin silver serving spoons by W. Pearce, ca 1830-1850, 9 in. long, engraved on the handle DGF. Each framed with a CDV of Farragut, 14 x 18 in.

From the estate of Farragut’s son Loyall to collector Neil Josephson ca 1930, consigned to Hesse Auction in 1997 and purchased by Paul DeHaan. $300 - $400

176 Admiral Farragut Engraved Straight Razor Straight razor, 5.875 in., engraved Farragut on the blade, manufactured

by Hibbard, Spencer, Bartlett & Co., Germany. Framed with a CDV of Admiral Farragut. $400 - $600

177 Admiral Farragut Display Under Glass, Including Epaulet, Field Glasses, & Flag Lot of 6, including: J.T. Headley’s biography, Farragut and our Naval Commanders, published by E.B. Treat & Co., New York, 1867; pair of eyeglasses; field glasses; admiral epaulet; cotton, 11 x 16 in., printed, 48-star parade flag; and modern copy of photograph of Farragut housed in half, thermoplastic Union case. Displayed together under glass, 12 x 13 in. $800 - $1,000

178 Carved Tagua Nut Bracelet Featuring Admiral Farragut Ferrotype Carved tagua nut with glass beads; 7.5 in. total length; central piece 1.125 in. dia., featuring 7/16 in. dia. ferrotype portrait including the identification Farragut. $200 - $400

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THE PAUL DEHAAN COLLECTION | Personal, Commemorative & GAR Collectibles 179 Ivory Match Holder Featuring Portrait of D.G. Farragut Carved ivory match holder, 2.5 x 1.5 x 1 in., featuring later 19th- 20th century, miniature portrait of Farragut. $100 - $150

180 Cigar Labels Honoring Admiral Farragut Lot of 2, including: 6 x 8.125 in. label for Admiral Cigars, copyright 1896, Schmidt & Co., New York; and 4.125 x 7.125 in. label titled only Farragut, showing the admiral famously lashed to the topmast of the Hartford during the Battle of Mobile Bay. $250 - $400

181 Chromolithograph Advertising Calendars Featuring Farragut, 1894 & 1919 Lot of 2, including: August 1894 calendar for the Massachusetts Mutual Life Insurance Co., from a series of Representative Americans, showing Farragut on the rigging on the Hartford at the Battle of Mobile Bay, printed by Forbes Co., Boston, 7 x 8 in., with a printed biography on verso; and an April 1919 calendar for John Hancock Mutual Life Insurance Co., showing a similar scene, 5.375 x 10 in. $200 - $300

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THE PAUL DEHAAN COLLECTION | Personal, Commemorative & GAR Collectibles 182 First Day Cover to Honor Admiral Farragut’s Victory at Mobile Bay, Plus Original Artwork by Edward Vebell (b. 1921) Edward Vebell (b. 1921). Goauche on paper, 10.25 x 12.5 in. (sight), ink signed l.r. Ed Vebell, framed with an August 5, 1990 canceled America’s Patriotic Heroes cover based on the artwork commemorating Farragut’s victory at Mobile Bay 126 years earlier, and including a three cent stamp featuring Farragut and his adoptive brother David Dixon Porter. Framed together, 17 x 26.25 in. overall. Edward Vebell is a noted American artist and illustrator, and his numerous commissions include work produced for the US Postal Service. $1,000 - $1,500

183 Brass Medallion Honoring D.G. Farragut, Plus Original Artwork Lot includes: 3 in. (76mm) dia. bronze medal from the Hall of Fame for Great Americans at New York University series, issued in 1967, sculpted

by Laci de Gerenday; and original pencil designs for the medal, including two similar versions of the obverse and one of the reverse, though not the same as the final chosen design. $75 - $100

184 Vice Admiral D.G. Farragut, Enlarged Portrait from GAR Hall Enlarged print depicting Vice Admiral Farragut, 24 x 30 in. (sight), matted and framed, 33.5 x 39 in. The consignor relates that this enlarged portrait came from a GAR hall. $200 - $300

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THE PAUL DEHAAN COLLECTION | Personal, Commemorative & GAR Collectibles

185 Admiral Farragut, Pennant from GAR Post #32, Battle Creek, Michigan Pennant boldly marked Admiral Farragut, hoist stamped Horstmann/ Phila., 22 x 40 in. The flag was acquired from GAR Post #32, Battle Creek, MI, and is framed together with a GAR badge for Farragut Post #32 and a printed GAR postcard, 31 x 50 in. overall. The Farragut Post #32 was organized on November 5, 1881. $2,000 - $3,000

186 Silk Handkerchief Featuring Admiral Farragut & the USS Hartford Silk with embroidered floral design and printed images of Admiral Farragut and the USS Hartford; 11.25 in. square, framed, 16.5 in. square. $200 - $300

187 USS Hartford Veterans Hall Plaque with Two Ames Naval Cutlasses Two US Naval cutlasses manufactured by Ames, one blade stamped USN 1862, the other stamped USN 1863, each blade measuring 26 in. long. Mounted for display in a Veterans Hall, accompanied by tag inscribed USS Hartford June 1865. $1,000 - $1,500

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THE PAUL DEHAAN COLLECTION | Personal, Commemorative & GAR Collectibles 188 William Boyle, USS Hartford, Reunion Badge Plus Invitation to “Farragut’s Veterans” Gathering, 1901 Engraved badge, approx. 2.25 x 1.75 in., accompanied by a printed tag invitation and menu to the Annual Dinner of the Executive Committee of Farragut’s Veterans Commemorating the 39th Anniversary of the Fleet’s entry into the Mississippi River, inked to shipmate Wm. Boyle.

The menu is the Regular Ration of 1861-1864, including hard tack, dandy funk, salt pork, salt beef, and Vintage of Aug. ‘62 Grog, among other things.

In the USS Hartford’s muster roll, dated July 1, 1864, William Boyle is listed as an 18-year-old landsman from New York who had enlisted December 2, 1863, and had been received from the USS North Carolina. He had blue eyes, brown hair, fair skin, and had worked as a varnisher before enlistment. The lot is accompanied by photocopied records of Boyle’s service and his pension claims. $1,500 - $2,500

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189 Four Metal Ship Models, USS Monitor, CSS Pioneer, CSS Virginia, CSS Tennessee Lot of 4 metal ship models, including: USS Monitor, 15 in. long; CSS Pioneer, 16 in. long; CSS Virginia, 24 in. long; and CSS Tennessee, 20 in. long. $100 - $150

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190 Confederate Torpedo Model A model of a Confederate torpedo, which would have been the type developed by Gabriel Rains, Chief of the Confederate Torpedo Service, and used in an effort to protect Confederate harbors. 21 in. long, approx. 6 in. dia. barrel. A real, Civil War-period torpedo would measure between 3 and 4 feet long. $200 - $300

THE PAUL DEHAAN COLLECTION | Civil War Paintings This exceptional group of paintings of notable Confederate leaders, lots 191-198, was purchased by Paul DeHaan in early 1975 in response to an advertisement placed in the Civil War Times Illustrated. The previous owner had the paintings hanging in his hunting lodge near White Bluff, TN. The paintings were likely done between the 1860s-1870s. Most were professionally restored between December 1990 and September 1992 by Barry Bauman of the Chicago Conservation Center. See condition statements at www.cowans.com for information on each lot.

191 CSA President Jefferson Davis, Oil on Canvas by Hiram Grandville (1815-1892) Hiram Grandville (1815-1892). Oil on canvas, signed l.r. Hiram Grandville / C.S.A.; 22 x 28 in. Professionally restored (with documentation) and housed in modern frame, 28 x 34 in. overall. Although little is known about the artist, Hiram Grandville, it has been suggested that he served in the Confederate Army, but this cannot be confirmed. $2,500 - $3,500

192 CSA General Robert E. Lee, Oil on Canvas by Hiram Grandville (1815-1892) Hiram Grandville (1815-1892). Oil on canvas, 22.25 x 26 in., signed l.r.

Hiram Grandville / C.S.A. Professionally restored (with documentation) and housed in a modern frame, 28 x 32.25 in. overall. Although little is known about the artist, Hiram Grandville, it has been suggested that he served in the Confederate Army, but this cannot be confirmed. $2,500 - $3,500

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THE PAUL DEHAAN COLLECTION | Civil War Paintings 193 CSA General Nathan Bedford Forrest, Oil on Canvas by Hiram Grandville (1815-1892) Hiram Grandville (1815-1892). Oil on canvas, 25 x 36 in., signed l.r.

Hiram Grandville / C.S.A. Professionally framed (with documentation) and housed in a modern frame, 29.25 x 40.75 in. overall. Canvas’ original verso inscribed Nathan B. Forrest / Walls, Mississippi / 3-16-66.

Although little is known about the artist, Hiram Grandville, it has been suggested that he served in the Confederate Army, but this cannot be confirmed. $2,500 - $3,500

194 CSA General Thomas Stonewall Jackson, Oil on Canvas by Hiram Grandville (1815-1892) Hiram Grandville (1815-1892). Oil on canvas, 18.25 x 22 in., signed Hiram Grandville / C.S.A. at l.r., and inscribed Winchester, Va, 1862 under the mat. Professionally restored (with documentation) and housed in modern frame, 25.75 x 29.75 in. overall. Original verso inscribed Thomas J. Jackson / Lt. General Confederate States / Glentino / Richmond. Although little is known about the artist, Hiram Grandville, it has been suggested that he served in the Confederate Army, but this cannot be confirmed. $2,500 - $3,500

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THE PAUL DEHAAN COLLECTION | Civil War Paintings 195 CSA General Albert Sidney Johnston, Oil on Canvas by Hiram Grandville (1815-1892) Hiram Grandville (1815-1892). Oil on canvas, signed Hiram Grandville / C.S.A. at l.r., with Corinth, Miss. under the mat; 18.5 x 22.25 in.

Professionally restored (with documentation) and housed in modern frame, 25.75 x 29.75 in. overall. Although little is known about the artist, Hiram Grandville, it has been suggested that he served in the Confederate Army, but this cannot be confirmed. $2,500 - $3,500

196 CSA Colonel John Singleton Mosby, Oil on Canvas by Hiram Grandville (1815-1892) Hiram Grandville (1815-1892). Oil on canvas, signed Hiram Grandville / C.S.A. at l.r., and on the painted “mat” at l.r. First Lieutenant / John S. Mosby / First Virginia / Hiram Grandville CSA; 18.25 x 22.5 in.

Professionally restored (with documentation) and housed in modern frame, 24 x 27.75 in. overall. Although little is known about the artist, Hiram Grandville, it has been suggested that he served in the Confederate Army, but this cannot be confirmed. $2,500 - $3,500

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THE PAUL DEHAAN COLLECTION | Civil War Paintings 197 CSA General JEB Stuart, Oil on Canvas by Hiram Grandville (1815-1892) Hiram Grandville (1815-1892). Oil on canvas, 24.5 x 36 in., signed Hiram Grandville / C.S.A. at l.r. Professionally restored (with documentation) and housed in modern frame, 30 x 40.75 in. overall. Although little is known about the artist, Hiram Grandville, it has been suggested that he served in the Confederate Army, but this cannot be confirmed. $2,500 - $3,500

198 CSA General P.G.T. Beauregard, Oil on Canvas by Anga Celacey, New Orleans Oil on canvas, 15.75 x 20.75 in., signed at l.l. Celacey, framed, 21.25 x 25.25 in. Professionally restored including lining, with notes that the original canvas was inscribed on verso June 3, 1867 / Portraits that live by Anga Celacey / Napolian House(sic) / Chartres & St. Louis / New Orleans. $2,500 - $3,500

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THE CIVIL WAR | Art 199 Gen. Thomas J. Jackson and his Family, Mezzotint Engraving A rare mezzotint by noted engraver William Sartain (1843-1924), 18.5 x 22 in. (sight), dated 1866 by William Sartain... Eastern District of Pennsylvania. Published by Bradley & Co., Philadelphia. Sartain capitalized on the emergent Lost Cause movement, using mass medium to produce this elegant mezzotint print of the martyred Stonewall Jackson for the Southern market in 1866. This tranquil scene is entirely Sartain’s composite as no known photographs of Jackson and family exist. Matted and framed, 30 x 33.25 in. $500 - $700

200 General Benjamin D. Pritchard, 4th Michigan Cavalry, Oil on Canvas Oil on canvas, signed and dated lower left J.H. Kuumbein, 1889. Housed in gilt frame. Probably after an earlier, Civil War-period carte de visite. Lt. Colonel of the 4th Michigan Cavalry, Benjamin Pritchard (1835-1907) was brevetted Brig. General May 10, 1865 for his role in leading the 4th Michigan Cavalry in the capture of Confederate President, Jefferson Davis, in the weeks surrounding the close of the Civil War. In addition to his brevet, Pritchard received a $3000 share of the bounty that President Andrew Johnson offered for the apprehension of Davis. Following the war, Pritchard, who had gained a reputation as a national hero, returned to his home in Allegan, MI, to practice law. Although he declined opportunities to run for Governor and Congress, Pritchard served two terms of office as State Treasurer of Michigan from 1880-1884.

Acquired at an estate sale in Allegan, MI, approximately 10-12 years ago. $600 - $1,200

201 7th Regiment New York Militia, Expertly Hand-Colored Lithograph Lithograph, 31 x 39 in., framed, 36 x 44 in. Margin with elaborate title National Guard 7th Reg. N.Y.S.M., and From the original picture by Major Botticher, in the possession of the 8th Co. N.G. / The principal heads from Daguerreotypes by Meade Brothers 233 Broadway, NY. Directly under the image is 1852 copyright to Otto Botticher, engraving credit to C. Gildemeister, and printing credit to Nagel & Weingaertner. Wonderfully hand colored. $600 - $800

SEE DETAILED DESCRIPTIONS, ADDITIONAL PHOTOGRAPHS AND CONDITION REPORTS OF ALL LOTS AT COWANS.COM

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THE CIVIL WAR | Cased Images | Union

202 203

202 Exceptional Daguerreotype of an 8th New York Volunteer with a Secession Badge Sixth plate daguerreotype of a freshly outfitted soldier wearing an 8th Regiment kepi and tinted secession badge. Housed in a pressed paper case under the stamped mat of Anson, who operated in New York from 1852 through the Civil War. $1,500 - $2,500 203 Civil War Quarter Plate Tintype of Identified African American Soldiers, Pvt. Adam Weaver & Sgt. Oscar Turner, 119th USCT, Plus Lot of 2, including quarter plate tintype portrait of African American Private Adam Weaver and Sergeant Oscar Turner, both from Co. E of the 119th USCT. Housed in Union case. Both soldiers enlisted at the very end of the Civil War at Lexington, KY and saw no fighting. Private Adam Weaver enlisted 5/31/65; m/o 4/66. Sergeant Oscar Turner enlisted 4/5/65; m/o 4/66.

The tintype is accompanied by a military certificate issued by HeadQuarters Department of Kentucky, Louisville, KY, August 29, 1865, in which Private Adam Weaver, his wife, and children are declared free. $4,000 - $6,000

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204 Civil War, Quarter Plate Tintypes Showing Lieut. Frank B. James with Officers of the 52nd Ohio Volunteers, Group of Three Lot of 3 quarter plate tintypes taken at Lee & Gordon’s Mills, GA, on April 23, 1864, each affixed on verso with a penciled label identifying the men as officers of the 52nd Ohio Volunteer infantry, including 2nd Lt. Frank Blakewell James (Co. K, earned brevet to major), who it is believed was the owner of the set. Each plate lightly tinted green and blue and housed under mat and glass, but uncased.

The men present in both of the group photographs include 2nd Lt. David F. Miser (Co. G, DOW sustained at Kennesaw Mountain, June 19, 1864), 2nd Lt. Frank Blakewell James, 2nd Lt. Julius Armstrong (Co. F, promoted to 1st Lt.), 2nd Lt. James E. Donaldson (Co. E, KIA at Peachtree Creek, GA, July 19, 1864), Lt. Col. Charles W. Clancy (taken POW at Peachtree Creek, July 19, 1864, promoted to colonel just after the war), and Maj. James T. Holmes (Co. G, WIA at Jonesboro, Sept. 1, 1864, earned brevet to Lt. Col.). The larger group also includes Capt. Samuel Rothacker (Co. G) and Capt. William Sturgis (Co. B, WIA at Resaca, May 14, 1864), and the smaller also includes an African American man at right identified as big Darkie is my boy “Ben.” The third photograph is titled Ruins of my tent burned, and shows the aforementioned Lt. James and Capt. Sturgis, as well as 2nd Lt. Lemuel W. Duff (Co. B, promoted to 1st Lt.), and Capt. Salathiel M. Neighbor (DOW sustained at Kenesaw Mountain, June 27, 1864). $6,000 - $8,000

THE CIVIL WAR | Cased Images | Union

204 SEE DETAILED DESCRIPTIONS, ADDITIONAL PHOTOGRAPHS AND CONDITION REPORTS OF ALL LOTS AT COWANS.COM

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205 Civil War, Quarter Plate Ruby Ambrotype of Double-Armed Soldier Hand-tinted, quarter plate ruby ambrotype portrait of an unidentified soldier standing with a Colt 1860 Army Revolver in one hand and a sword with a unique curve in the other. Note the sword knot hanging from the hilt. Details of his cap, coat, and belt buckle highlighted in gold. A crisp, clear studio portrait. Housed in patriotic thermoplastic case. $300 - $500

206 Civil War Sixth Plate Ambrotype of White Civil War Soldier with African American, Child Servant Sixth plate ambrotype portrait of a white, Union soldier posed beside a young African American servant, with a painted depiction of a military encampment serving as the backdrop. Housed in full thermoplastic case. $1,200 - $1,600

207 Sixth Plate Tintype of a Vermont Soldier or Fireman with American Flag, Bowie Knife, & Warner Pocket Percussion Revolver Sixth plate tintype of a bearded gentleman wearing an elaborately embroidered shirt, possibly a Union soldier or fireman, holding a small American parade flag in one hand and displaying a Bowie knife in the other. A scarce, Charles Warner pocket percussion revolver is tucked in his belt. A penciled inscription behind the case, which is difficult to decipher, reads in part: Miron Buck (or Bush?), Esq./ Ste. Albans/ Vermont/ USA. Tintype is still sealed with disintegrating paper tape. Housed in full case.

No Vermont soldiers identified as “Miron Buck” or “Miron Bush” are listed in HDS. However, a “Myron Buck” of St. Albans, VT is referenced in an 1866 US IRS Tax Assessment list.

The Rick Mach Collection of Civil War & Western Photography $1,500 - $2,500

208 Civil War Sixth Plate Tintype of Identified Officers of the 44th New York Volunteers Sixth plate tintype, trimmed to 1.875 x 3.125 in., affixed on verso with a label identifying the subjects as (l-r): S. Johnson, Lt. F. Mundy and Charles Kelly / 44th NY Oct 1863.

Seth F. Johnson enlisted as a sergeant at Albany, August 8, 1861, and mustered in to Co. C of the 44th New York. He was appointed quartermaster sergeant within a year, then served as first lieutenant in Cos. G and I before being promoted to captain on October 28, 1863, but was killed in action at the Battle of the Wilderness, May 5, 1864. Frederick R. Mundy enlisted Sept. 24, 1861, at Albany, and was commissioned a first lieutenant and quartermaster in F&S, 44th New York. Charles Kelly enlisted as a second lieutenant on July 24, 1862, and was commissioned into Co. C, eventually earning a promotion to first lieutenant in Co. I. $800 - $1,200

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THE CIVIL WAR | Cased Images | Union 209 Sixth Plate Tintype of Enlisted Man Wearing Nine-Button Frock Coat with Unusually Large Wagon Wheel Insignia, Displaying M1849 Colt Pistol Sixth plate tintype of a seated, enlisted man holding an M1849 Colt pistol, wearing a nine-button frock coat with unusually large wagon wheel insignia. The wagon wheel is decidedly non-regulation for the Civil War period but later morphed into the insignia for the Quartermaster Dept. It may also indicate the functional role of its unidentified wearer as a wagon master. A rare example in either case.

The inside of the case is inscribed Jennison, and although the figure bears a resemblance to Charles “Doc� Jennison, an anti-slavery hero during the Bleeding Kansas affair and Union Colonel and leader of the 7th Kansas and 15th Kansas Cavalries, this identification cannot be confirmed. Housed in half case.

The Rick Mach Collection of Civil War & Western Photography $1,200 - $2,500

210 Civil War, Sixth Plate Tintype of Union Soldier Armed with Colt Model 1855 Revolving Carbine Sixth plate tintype of an unidentified, uniformed soldier standing in a studio setting, with a painted camp scene serving as the backdrop, armed with a Colt Model 1855 Revolving Carbine, which was produced between 1856-1864. A cartridge box as well as what appears to be a small key hang from his belt. Housed in full, Constitution and the Laws Union case. $300 - $500

211 Civil War Tintype of Gen. Washington Lafayette Elliott, 2nd Iowa Cav. & 1st US Cav., with Staff Officers 2.875 x 3.25 in. period copy tintype of Brig. Gen. Washington Lafayette Elliott, seated at center, surrounded by five of his staff officers. Elliott (1825-1888), the son of US Navy Commodore Jesse Elliott of Battle of Lake Erie fame, attended West Point and was commissioned a second lieutenant at the outbreak of the Mexican War, and by the start of the Civil War held the rank of captain. After brief service in Missouri with the 3rd US Cavalry, during which he was promoted to major, he was commissioned colonel of the 2nd Iowa Cavalry at its inception in September 1861. He led that regiment during the Battle of Island Number Ten and the Siege of Corinth, and after leading a successful raid on the Mobile & Ohio Railroad, was promoted to brigadier general in the regular army, with his first service in that rank coming on the staff of Maj. Gen. Pope. When Pope was transferred to the Army of Virginia in the summer of 1862, he brought Elliott along to serve as his chief of cavalry, but he was wounded at Second Bull Run and transferred to the District of Wisconsin to recuperate. Gen. Elliott returned east to lead a brigade during the Second Battle of Winchester and afterward was transferred again, this time to the Army of the Cumberland, to command the cavalry corps during the Atlanta campaign, before ending the war as commander of the District of Kansas and receiving a brevet promotion to major general in 1866. $400 - $600 SEE DETAILED DESCRIPTIONS, ADDITIONAL PHOTOGRAPHS AND CONDITION REPORTS OF ALL LOTS AT COWANS.COM

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212 Civil War, Ninth Plate Ambrotype of Brig. General Thomas Smyth, DOW Farmville, Virginia Ninth plate, period copy ambrotype of Brig. General Thomas Smyth, housed in full thermoplastic case. Smyth was a feisty Irish immigrant who became Colonel of the hard-fighting 1st Delaware early in 1863.

Still a Colonel at Gettysburg, he commanded a brigade in Hay’s division of Hancock’s 2nd Corps that participated in throwing back Pickett’s Charge on July 3rd. Smyth waited until October 1864 before he got his star. At the very end of the war he suffered a horrible death, having been shot in the mouth by a sharpshooter at Farmville, VA, during the early days of the Appomattox Campaign, finally dying the day Lee surrendered. His promotion to brevet Major General was posthumous. $1,500 - $2,500

213 Two Fine Civil War Photographic Brooches Lot of 2, including a memorial broach featuring the words In Memory Of around a cropped tintype of a young soldier wearing a kepi with civilian clothes, 1.625 x 1.875 in. overall, and a two-sided, rotating brooch featuring on one side a cropped tintype of a soldier in uniform, 1.5 x 2 in. overall. $800 - $1,000

THE CIVIL WAR | Cased Images | Confederate 214 Quarter Plate Tintype of Confederate Officer Wearing FullLength Uniform Quarter plate, hand-colored tintype of an unidentified, full standing Confederate officer wearing a regulation, double-breasted frock coat with details retouched in gold. Ca 1861-1864. Housed in half case. $1,000 - $1,500

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THE CIVIL WAR | Cased Images | Confederate 215 Sixth Plate Ambrotype of Confederate Infantry Officer, 11th Mississippi Infantry Sixth plate ambrotype portrait of an unidentified Confederate infantry officer, 11th Mississippi Infantry, wearing civilian dress, buttons and belt highlighted in gold. The officer is shown holding an officer’s sword and wears a hat pinned up on one side with a metal star and adorned with a plume. Ca 1861. Housed in a pressed paper case, separated at the spine.

Formed in Corinth, MS, on May 4, 1861, the 11th Mississippi participated in several major battles, including the First Battle of Bull Run, or First Manassas, near Manassas, VA, Battle at Seven Pines, near Richmond, VA, Gaines Mill, and the 2nd Battle of Manassas. In Sept.

1862, under John Bell Hood, the 11th MS met Federal Joseph Hooker’s First Corps near Sharpsburg, suffering 117 casualties. In Nov., the 2nd, 11th, and 42nd MS formed a new brigade with the 55th North Carolina led by Joseph Robert Davis, Jefferson Davis’ nephew. In July 1863, the 11th suffered its greatest losses, incurring 340 casualties. The 11th went on to participate in the battles of Wilderness, Talle’s Mill, Spotsylvania Court House, and Bethesda Church. In April 1865 after defending the area around the city of Petersburg, the 11th MS was captured by Gen. Grant’s forces. $1,500 - $2,500

216 Rare Ninth Plate Ambrotype of a Southerner Posed with the Confederate National Flag, Plus Ninth plate ambrotype of a Southern gentleman seated with the first national flag of the Confederate States of America, tinted red and blue, PLUS a sixth plate daguerreotype of a man and a ninth plate daguerreotype of a woman, which were acquired with the ambrotype. $1,000 - $1,500

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THE CIVIL WAR | Tom MacDonald Maine Civil War CDV Collection Tom MacDonald Collection of Maine CDVs-Part III Lots 217-268 Part III featuring over three hundred cartes concludes the dispersal of the lifetime Tom MacDonald Collection of Maine CDVs. The two previous sales highlighted the Pine Tree State’s stalwart service with the Army of the Potomac, and the Department of the South—those regiments that saw active campaigning in coastal Carolina then redeployed in 1864 to the Army of the James to ratchet up the pressure on Richmond.

The historical geography now shifts to the Department of the Gulf embodying the unsung 19th Corps and its ultimate transfer to the Army of Shenandoah. The Maine units represented in this sale include the 8th, 10th, 12th, 13th, 14th, 15th, 21st, 24th, 27th, and 30th Infantry as well as the 2nd Maine Cavalry. A handful of brevet Brigadiers, personalities, and soldiers with interesting stories are scattered amongst the lots. As Tom’s collection was all inclusive, there are a number of Maine born men that opted for commissions in USCT regiments or served in the navy. Among this offering of carte de visites, we noted that many of the state’s higher numbered regiments included a cadre of hardnosed veteran soldiers who had experienced prior service and then chose to re-enlist, presumably for patriotic reasons as hardship and bounty pay offered no real inducement. The battles fought by these hardy farmers and townsmen of the sparsely populated state ranged from Charleston to Port Hudson and back east to the Shenandoah Valley and Petersburg. The distance and uncertainty must have conspired with periodic scenes of destruction and death in battle and hospital to impart a perspective that only veterans that drank from the same canteen could possibly hope to reconcile in later years. In our time, Tom MacDonald aspired to honor the hard-marching soldiers of his native Maine by assembling perhaps the largest collection of state-specific military photography ever to come to market. For this endeavor he will always be remembered. As we can never be more than transitory caretakers, the market now inevitably reclaims the last of Tom’s enduring passion while reinvigorating the notion of collecting itself.

217 Gettysburg Interest-Signed CDV of Lt. H.A. Johnson, 3rd Maine with Autographed Copy of “The Sword of Honor” Reminiscence Lot of 2. A vignette of a 1st Lieut. by Mundy, Charleston, S.C., ink signed beneath portrait, H.A. Johnson/Lieut. & Adjutant/1st Maine Battn. with dedication on verso. Hannibal A. Johnson served in the 3rd Maine at Gettysburg and was the author of a memoir entitled The Sword of Honor—A Story of the Civil War published in 1906.

Johnson joined Co. B, 3rd ME As Cpl. in 6/61 and was promoted Sgt. He was captured in the Peach Orchard on July 2 when a combined force consisting of the 3rd ME and US Sharpshooters ran into an advancing Confederate brigade during a reconnaissance in force.

Promoted 2nd Lieut. Co. B, he was again captured during the Wilderness fighting on May 5 by the 12th South Carolina and was confined at Macon and Columbia before making his escape on November 15, 1864. Near the end of the war he re-enlisted as 1st Lieut. & Adj. in the 1st ME Battalion and finally m/o April 5, 1866.

The 5 x 7 in. blue cloth bound Sword of Honor bears a lengthy ink salutation in the hand of the author to a Mr. Walter H. Billings, dated June 16, 1909. The 103 page memoir primarily recounts Johnson’s experiences with the 3rd ME including his recollection of Gettysburg and the Wilderness. $400 - $500

218 8th Maine, Three CDVs of Colonels, Later BBGs Lot of 3 regimental staff officers promoted Brevet Brig. Gen. Group includes a view of Henry Boynton as Col. by Wm. Barnes, Washington, DC. Boynton was commissioned Capt.

Co. D 9/61; promoted Major 12/63; promoted Lt. Col. 4/64; Col. 9/13/64; resigned 2/26/65; Bvt. Brig. Gen. 3/13/65 for “meritorious service.” An uncommon view of Lt. Col. John D. Rust showing luxurious beard with imprint of B.P. Paige, Washington, D.C. Rust became Col. 1/62; discharged for disability; Bvt. Brig. Gen. 3/13/65 for “meritorious service.”

Bvt. Brig. Gen. William Miltimore McArthur by G.H. Loomis, Boston was commissioned into the 8th ME as Capt. 9/61 and advanced through the ranks becoming Col. 3/65.

McArthur was WIA 6/18/64 at Petersburg and twice brevetted to Brig Gen. for “gallantry” at Drury’s Bluff 5/14/64 & “the action of Williamsburg Road 10/27/64;” m/o 1/18/65. $500 - $700

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THE CIVIL WAR | Tom MacDonald Maine Civil War CDV Collection 219 BBG Charles R. Thompson, Rare Autographed CDV An early war view of future Brevet Brig. Gen. Charles Robinson Thompson (1840-1894) ink signed beneath portrait, Yours Very Truly/Chas. R. Thompson as Capt., 1st Missouri Engineers, by Hoelkke & Benecke, St. Louis. Thompson joined as 1st Lieut., Co. E, 1st MO Engineers 11/61; promoted Capt. & ADC (on staff of Gen. Rosecrans) 11/62; promoted Col. 12th USCT Inf. 8/63; Bvt. Brig. Gen. 3/13/65 for “meritorious service”; m/o 1/16/66. Post-war banker and merchant; died October 3, 1894 in Santa Clara Co., CA and buried in San Francisco National Cemetery. $300 - $400

220 8th Maine Officers, Five CDVs Lot of 5 officers including a second view of one, 4 are ink signed.

The officer with 2 views is Brevet Major James Henry Hobbs Hewitt.

One carte by Geo. W. Butler is ink signed J.H.H. Hewitt/Lieut and Adjt.

8th ME. Vols. The other by Ulke, Washington is unsigned and shows Capt. Hewitt wearing round ID disc on his frockcoat. Hewitt enlisted in Co H., 8th ME as Pvt. 8/62 and was promoted through the ranks. He became regimental adjutant 7/64, Capt. 11/64; brevetted Major 3/65; severely wounded 4/6/65 at Rice’s Station, VA; discharged for disability 6/6/65. Lieut. John F. Milliken/RQM/2nd ME Cav. inked beneath vignette portrait. Milliken entered service as 1st Lieut. & RQM, 8th ME 8/62; resigned and commissioned 1st Lieut. & RQM, 2nd ME Cav. 11/63; discharged for disability 3/13/65. W.F. Thompson/Lt. 8th ME. Vols., by S.A. Cooley, Beaufort, SC, is ink signed beneath vignette portrait. Thompson joined as Sgt., Co. A, 8th ME 9/61; promoted 2nd Lieut. ?/61; promoted 1st Lieut. ?/63; resigned 2/16/64. Chas. F. Monroe/1st Lieut. 8th Regt.

Me. Vols. is signed on verso beneath J.U.P. Burnham, Portland imprint.

Monroe entered as Sgt. Co. C 9/61; promoted 2nd Lieut. & 1st Lieut. ?/62; mortally wounded 6/3/64 at Cold Harbor & DOW 6/6/64. $500 - $700

221 8th Maine Officers, Five CDVs Including 4 identified in ink and 1 in modern pencil. CDV signed beneath portrait Geo. W. Mitchell/Lieut. & Adjt./8th ME. Vols., with imprint of Sprague & Curtiss, Lewiston, ME. Mitchell originally enlisted as Pvt. in Co. C, 9/61; promoted QM Sgt. 1/65; 1st Lieut. & Adjt. 3/65; resigned 8/9/65. Ink signed view of C.P. Lord/8th Maine Vols., by N.C. Sanborn, Lowell, Mass. Charles P. Lord had prior service as Pvt., Co. C, 6th MA before joining Co. F, 8th ME as Sgt. 9/61; promoted 2nd Lieut.

2/62; 1st Lieut. 11/62; detailed as regimental QM 2/63; discharged 12/5/63. Carte of Capt. John Conant/Beaufort, S.C./Farmington, Maine, as inked on verso over Cooley & Beckett, Hilton Head, SC imprint. Conant is listed as discharged 12/30/61. CDV of Hillman Smith/Capt. 8th ME. Vols. by Brady. Hillman Smith joined Co. K as 2nd Lieut. 9/61; promoted 1st Lieut. ?/62; Capt. 9/63; m/o 9/16/64. Capt. Alonzo D. Millet by C.G. Carlton, Waterville, ME is identified in modern pencil. Millett enlisted as Cpl. in Co. D. 9/61; promoted through the ranks to Capt. ?/64; m/o 9/16/64. $400 - $600

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THE CIVIL WAR | Tom MacDonald Maine Civil War CDV Collection 222 8th Maine Officers, Five CDVs Group includes 3 identified views and 2 unidentified. The first carte is signed J.E.M. Wright/Chaplain 8th ME. Vols. with imprint of Sumner & Harris, Gen. Butler’s H. Qtrs. In the Field. Wright joined as Chaplain 3/64; resigned 8/14/65. Capt. John E. Bryant, Co. C, by Clark, Gardiner, Me. Bryant was commissioned Capt. 9/61; m/o 9/16/64. Capt. Ephraim W. Wiley is shown wearing a silk Lincoln mourning ribbon around his upper sleeve. Accompanying the CDV is Wiley’s original newspaper obituary dated March 12, 1919 from Hope, ME. Wiley entered service as Cpl. Co. H, 9/61 and was promoted through the ranks making Capt. 12/64; m/o 1/18/65. Also two sharp views of unidentified 1st lieutenants by Clark, Gardiner, ME are included. $300 - $400

223 8th Maine Enlisted Men, Nine CDVs Lot includes 6 identified military CDVs, 1 unidentified portrait, and 2 post-war views of veterans in civilian clothing. CDV having a typeset identification of John W. Treadwell with Sam A. Cooley, Beaufort, SC imprint. The 42-year-old Treadwell joined Co. C as Pvt. 8/62; discharged 6/11/65. View of Lewis S. Clark/Winthrop/Maine, as ink signed on verso. Only a Lewis Clark with the middle initial of “E” is found in HDS. He joined Co. D as Pvt. 7/63; WIA 5/20/64 at Ware Bottom Church, VA; m/o 1/18/66. A period copy shot heavily retouched identified as Cpl. Sprague Goodrich who enlisted in Co. E, 9/61; died of disease at Hilton Head 3/20/62. Pencil identified is Pvt. Charles H. Littlefield, Co. K, by S.W. Sawyer, Bangor, who died of disease at Beaufort, SC on 11/27/62. A late war oval mounted tintype identified in (light) period pencil beneath portrait, George Wheeler/8th Maine Regt. Co. D/(illegible) Maine. Wheeler entered Co. D as Pvt. 9/61; WIA (date and place not stated) & DOW 9/22/64. Ink signed view of A.P. McLure/Sergt. Co. D 8th/Maine Vols. Allen P. McLure enlisted in Co. D as Pvt. 9/61; promoted Sgt. & 1st Sgt. ?/65; m/o 1/18/66. Also, an unknown Sgt. with G.W. Tuttle, Thomaston, ME imprint, plus 2 post-war civilian views identified as Alfred Haskel and Jos. Russell, both formerly 8th ME. $500 - $600

224 8th Maine Soldiers, Two Tintypes An uncased sixth plate tintype said to be Sgt. Edgar L. Bills, Co. H., 8th ME who enlisted 9/61 and died (of disease) a short time later at Annapolis, MD. Tom MacDonald’s accompanying note says, Found in wall, at 42 Hatchet Rd., Hope, Me., during bldg. restoration. View of a 1st Sgt. with clear chevrons wearing a nine button frock coat. His M58 Hardee hat bears the Company letter H. A fine late war CDV-size tintype in original fold-over paper mount bearing a period double ink identification that reads, A. Walton Capt 8th ME on flap and repeated beneath portrait. This is Capt. America, Walton, Co. B, 8th ME, who joined as Sgt. 9/61 and was promoted to Capt. in 1865. Having served for the duration, he resigned 7/4/65 as a veteran. $350 - $450

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225 Civil War CDV Album of Soldiers of the 9th Maine Volunteers CDV album containing 27 images of soldiers from the 9th Maine Volunteer Infantry, with tintype and 2 CDVs of sitters from the same album.

Identified soldiers include: Maj. George Burton Dyer, rose from private at enlistment to brevet colonel, carte signed on verso; Capt.

Scollay D. Baker, Co. I, KIA Sept. 8, 1863 at Morris Island, SC, carte signed on verso; Capt. Lewis Cross, Co. D, WIA June 10, 1864 at Cold Harbor, DOW June 15, carte signed on recto as 1st Lt.; Capt. William A. Barrows, Co. F, KIA August 16, 1864 at Deep Bottom, VA, carte signed on verso; Capt. Benjamin J. Hill, carte signed on verso; 1st Lt. & QM Joshua G. Ross, Cos. E & K, carte signed on verso; 1st Lt. & QM Aaron H. Chase, Cos. H & I, carte signed on verso; 1st Lt. Willis H. Butler, Co. B & K; 2nd Lt. Martin W. Frederic, Cos. D & G; 2nd Lt. Augustus Taft, Co. E; 2nd Lt. Elbridge H. Bryant, Cos. H & K, previous service as Bugler; Adj. James C.M. Furbish, signed on recto; Pvt. John F. Stone, Co. E, detailed as a nurse in the regimental hospital, carte signed on verso; plus nine cartes of unidentified men in uniform, including two captains, a first lieutenant, a second lieutenant, an officer of indeterminate rank accompanied by a sixth plate tintype of the same soldier with a first lieutenant, a fine view of a sergeant major or quartermaster sergeant holding a tattered flag, and seven cartes of men and women in civilian clothing.

The 9th Maine Infantry was organized at Augusta and mustered in September 22, 1861. It proceeded to Washington and briefly served in the Washington Defenses before joining the expedition to Port Royal, SC, attached to the Department of the South. The 9th Maine participated in a number of minor combined operations resulting in the capture of Forts Walker and Beauregard and later occupied Fernandina, FL. The regiment then shifted to operations at Charleston

arriving at Hilton Head in January 1863, assigned to the 10th Corps.

The Maine regiment joined in the attack on Morris Island on July 10, 1863, followed by the brutal but unsuccessful assaults on Fort Wagner on July 11 and 18, which cost the 9th Maine 119 casualties. Grueling siege operations then commenced before Forts Wagner and Gregg were finally overwhelmed on September 7, 1863. The rest of the year was relatively quiet as the regiment performed garrison duty and veteranized in February 1864.

In April 1864, the 9th Maine joined its parent 10th Corps attached to the Army of the James that formed the southern component of Grant’s Overland Campaign. During intensive operations under Butler during the May-June period, the regiment was heavily engaged at Drewry’s Bluff, Bermuda Hundred, and Cold Harbor, suffering 160 men killed, wounded, and missing. The month of July claimed another 40 casualties mostly in the sustained fighting at Petersburg, Deep Bottom, and Fort Gilmer, including the terrible Mine Explosion on July 30th. The men of the 9th then went into the trenches during the indolent siege and emerged in September to lose heavily at Chaffin’s Farm on the 29th, adding 43 names to the roster of dead and wounded. A month later at Fair Oaks, the 9th Maine fought a major battle in which another 18 became casualties. The tempo slackened somewhat when the regiment was ordered to Fort Fisher and reunited with its brigade in February 1865. The 9th Maine then participated in the capture of Wilmington on February 22nd. Joining with Sherman’s Army, the regiment occupied Goldsboro on March 21st and Raleigh on April 14th. Following the surrender of Johnson’s Army, the 9th Maine remained on occupation duty until mustering out July 13, 1865. The final tally was 182 officers and enlisted men forever inscribed on the Roll of Honor.

Property of another consignor $2,000 - $3,000

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THE CIVIL WAR | Tom MacDonald Maine Civil War CDV Collection 226 10th Maine Officers, Five CDVs Lot of 5, including 3 identified officers with a tentatively identified NCO and post-war cabinet card of a Pvt. penciled on verso J. or I. C. Wright (not found). The ink signed officer vignette, by Geo. M. Howe, Portland, pictures James S. Fillebrown/Lt. Col. 10th ME Vols. After brief service in the 1st ME, Fillebrown was commissioned Lt. Col., 10th ME, 5/61; m/o 5/8/63. A carte of 1st Lieut. Charles Thompson, by A.B. Crocket, Norway, is identified in modern pencil. Thompson enlisted as 1st Lieut. 9/62; transferred to 29th ME as 1st Lieut. & RQM 5/64; discharged 6/3/65. Pencil identified 1st Lieut. Albert H. Johnson by B.F. Smith & Son, Portland. Johnson enlisted as Sgt., Co. I, 10/61; promoted 1st Lieut. ?/62; m/o 5/7/63. Tentatively, Sgt. Samuel Donnell who joined at Sgt., Co. K, 10/61; m/o 5/7/63. $300 - $400

227 12th Maine Officers Including Group Shot, Three CDVs A related group of 3 cartes, consisting of a lithograph of Col. George F. Shepley, another view of Col. Charles C. G. Thornton by Warren, Lowell as Capt., with a group shot of four 12th ME Staff officers, including Shepley and Thornton. Col. Shepley became Brig. Gen. 7/62, commanding at New Orleans and serving as military Governor of Louisiana. He later held various staff positions before his resignation on 7/1/65. Thornton entered service as Capt. and ended the war as Bvt. Col. of the 4th US Vol. Inf. $500 - $600

228 12th Maine Staff Officers Including BBG, Five CDVs Lot of 5, including a near profile view of Col. Charles C. G. Thornton, 12th ME, by C.W. Black, Boston. The verso is penciled Thornton, while the numeral 12 can be seen on his chasseur kepi. Thornton enlisted as Capt., Co. C, 11/61; WIA & POW Ponchatoula, LA 9/15/62; detached as AAAG to Gov. Shepley 6/63; discharge for promotion to Lt. Col., 4th US Vol. Inf. 10/64; m/o 6/18/66. Carte of W.K. Kimball, as ink signed, with imprint of R.H. Brown, Savannah, Ga. William Kimball was commissioned Lt. Col. 11/61; promoted Col. 7/62; Bvt. Brig. Gen. 3/13/65; m/o 3/17/66. View of Major David R. Hastings, by Warren, Lowell, Mass., is identified in modern pencil. He entered service as Major 11/61; resigned 6/15/62. Carte of G.A. Hastings/ME. 12th Reg. Me, as ink signed on verso over B.F. Smith & Son, Portland backmark.

Hastings enlisted as Capt., Co. A; promoted Major 7/62; m/o 12/7/64.

Carte of Edwin Illsley, as faintly pencil signed on verso, with imprint of H. Manger’s, Philadelphia. Illsley entered service as Regt. Adjt. 11/61; promoted Lt. Col. 7/62; m/o 4/18/65. $500 - $700

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THE CIVIL WAR | Tom MacDonald Maine Civil War CDV Collection 229 12th Maine Officers, Four CDVs Lot of 4, including an early view of John F. Appleton, by E. Jacobs, New Orleans, who entered service as Capt., Co. H 12th ME 11/61; discharged for promotion to Lt. Col., 81st USCT 6/63; resigned 7/29/64; promoted Bvt. Brig. Gen. 3/13/65. Col. C.C. Richardson signed his carte on verso beneath Howe, Portland imprint. Richardson was commissioned 2nd Lieut., Co. D 11/61; promoted 1st Lieut. ?/64; promoted Capt. ?/65; m/o 4/18/65. Lt. Webb/12th Maine is pencil identified by B.F. Smith, Portland. Charles Webb joined as 2nd Lieut., Co. A 11/61; discharged for disability 5/1/64. A mounted tintype is inked Lt. D. Phillips/Co. H 12 ME. The Identification is suspect as Phillips entered service as 1st Lieut. 11/61, while the tintype shows an officer wearing plain 2nd lieutenant’s shoulder straps. $400 - $500

230 12th Maine Officers, Five CDVs Lot comprising 4 identified officers, plus an NCO. Another view of Lt. Col. Edwin Illsley who joined as Adj.; promoted Lt. Col.; m/o 4/18/66.

A late war CDV-size tintype identified in period pencil as Lt. Alfred D. Morse/Co. A 12th Maine, by S.W. Sawyer, Bangor. Morse joined as 2nd Lieut. 12/64; m/o 4/18/66. Capt. Horace Eastman is pencil identified.

Eastman was commissioned 1st Lieut., Co. E, 11/61; promoted Capt. ?/62; discharged for disability 12/12/62. Carte of Lieut. Eaton/Co. K/12th Me. Regt., as ink singed on verso. Easton entered service as 2nd Lieut., Co. K, 10/61; promoted 1st Lieut. 11/61; discharged for promotion in US Signal Corps, Dept. of the Gulf as Capt. 3/63; Bvt. Major & Lt. Col. 3/26/65. CDV of Sgt. Greenlief R. Libby/Co. K 12th Maine Regt. is ink singed, by Hinds, Portland. Sgt. Libby enlisted as Pvt., Co. K, 11/61; promoted Cpl. & Sgt.; re-enlisted 1/64; m/o 4/18/66. CDV’s G+. $500 - $700

231 12th Maine Officers, Five CDVs Lot of 5. A view of a surgeon replete with Medical Staff sword thought to be Elbridge A. Thompson who enlisted as Asst. Surgeon 10/62; promoted Surgeon ?/64; m/o 12/7/64 (Volunteer Register) or, alternatively, 4/18/65 (HDS). A vignette of M. Stearns is pencil identified with imprint of B.F. Smith, Portland and blue-green two cent revenue stamp. Marcellus Stearns enlisted as Sgt., Co. E, 11/61; promoted 2nd Lieut. ?/62; WIA 9/19/64 Winchester; m/o 12/7/64.

Horatio Hight is identified in modern pencil. He joined as 2nd Lieut., Co. C, 11/61; promoted 1st Lieut. ?/63; resigned 1/10/63. Carte of 1st Lieut. Richard Bradley, as ink signed on verso, with Black & Case, Boston imprint. Bradley originally joined as Sgt., Co. H, 23 ME. 9/62; m/o 7/63; re-enlisted as 2nd Lieut., Co F, 30th ME 12/63; discharged 1/65; re-enlisted as 1st Lieut., Co G, 12th ME. 3/65; m/o 4/18/66. David B. Chesley is pencil identified on verso with Perry & Loverridge, Savannah, Ga. back mark. Chesley entered service as Sgt., Co. F, 12th ME 11/61; re-enlisted at 1st Lieut. 1/64; WIA Cedar Creek 10/19/64; discharged for wounds 3/65; re-enlisted as Capt. 28th Co., ME, Unassigned Inf. 3/65; m/o 5/65; re-commissioned 6/65 12th ME; m/o 4/18/65. $500 - $600

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THE CIVIL WAR | Tom MacDonald Maine Civil War CDV Collection 232 Identified 12th Maine Enlisted Men, Eight CDVs Lot comprising 6 identified war CDVs of enlisted men, including a fine group shot of six NCOs, plus 2 more views of soldiers in civilian attire.

Ink signed view of M.M. Smart by A. Gould, North Bridgton. Marcus Smart enlisted as Pvt., Co. E, 11/61; promoted Cpl. & Sgt.; re-enlisted 1/64; WIA 9/19/64 Winchester; m/o 4/18/66. Ink signed CDV of Sgt. O.D. Rolfe/12th Maine Vols., by Hinds, Portland. Rolfe joined Co. D as Sgt. 11/61; m/o 12/7/64. CDV of Sgt. Henry S. Berry is ink signed. Berry entered service as Cpl., Co. E, 11/61; re-enlisted 2/64; promoted Sgt.; m/o 4/18/65. Ink signed carte of W.L. Lincoln/Co. I 12th Me. Vols., by J.N. Wilson, Savannah, Ga. William Lincoln joined 3/65; m/o 4/18/66.

A standing sergeant is tentatively identified as Henry S. Berry, Co. E; promoted Cpl. & Sgt.; re-enlisted 2/64; m/o 4/18/66. The group shot depicts six NCOs of Co. E posed in two rows. The names are inked No. 1 through No. 6 on verso and correspond to S. F. Jordan, E.W. Oakes, J.W. Dinsmore, H. Abbott, T.P. Elliot, and M.T. Glidden. A short article entitled “Six Down-Easters Down Yonder” from the Winter 1993 edition of The Regimental Gazette tells their brief story. A mounted oval albumen is identified as Commissary Sgt. Julius A. Drake; died at Baton Rouge 7/27/63. Plus, a post-war cabinet card of an unknown civilian. $500 - $700

233 Col. Dow, 13th Maine, Two CDVs Including Group Staff Shot Lot of 2. A portrait of Brig. Gen. Neal Dow (1804-1897) cradling a cavalry saber by Tilton, Boston. Dow was commissioned colonel of the 13th ME in Dec. 1861 and promoted Brig. Gen. in April 1862.

Assigned to the Dept. of the Gulf, he commanded the fortifications at the mouth of the Mississippi and later the District of Florida. Dow was twice wounded during the May 27, 1863 assault on Port Hudson, captured, and held eight months at Libby Prison before being exchanged for W.H. Fitzhugh Lee in March 1864. His health broken, Dow subsequently resigned in November 1864. The companion studio view by Black, Boston depicts Gen. Dow surrounded by seven unnamed staff members, three officers wearing double-breasted frock coats. Penciled on the verso is, Neal Dow—13th Maine—and regimental staff. The officers display an array of different swords including cavalry sabers (one imported), two apparent Medical Staff swords, and a militia sword with figural pommel and clamshell guard.

The individual names of the officers are typed (by Tom MacDonald) on a separate piece of card stock but the source is not cited. $400 - $600

234 Identified 13th Maine Officers, Six CDVs Lot of 6, including 2 assistant surgeons and 4 company grade officers.

One CDV is ink signed, the others identified in pencil. Consider one identification tentative. The ink signed officer is Capt. C. R. March by E. Jacobs, New Orleans, notated Fort Jackson, La/July 17th 1863/Capt Co. F 13th Me Regt. on verso. Charles R. March joined Co. F as Capt.

12/61 and was accidently shot and killed on January 21, 1864 “by a sailor from the USS Scotia who was shooting at a cow.” Capt. Augustine W. Clough, Co. H, no back mark, who enlisted as 1st Lieut. 12/61; promoted Capt. 4/62; m/o 1/6/65. Tentatively, Capt. Reuben T. Jordan with imprint of A.C. Lewis, Portland. Jordan enlisted 12/61 as Sgt., Co. F; promoted 1st Lieut. ?/62; promoted Capt. 3/64; m/o 1/6/65. An applied oval cut out of 1st Lieut. John S. Ham, no back mark, joined Co. C as 2nd Lieut. 12/61; promoted 1st Lieut. ?/62; m/o 1/6/65. Asst.

Surgeon Seth C. Gordon, joined 12/61; discharged for promotion to Surgeon 1st LA Inf. African Descent 5/63. Asst. Surgeon James R. Files, commissioned 12/62; m/o 1/6/65. $500 - $700

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THE CIVIL WAR | Tom MacDonald Maine Civil War CDV Collection 235 Identified 13th Maine Officers, Five CDVs Inc. Capt. Frederick Speed of Sultana Infamy Lot of 5 identified regimental company grade officers. 1st Lieut. William P. Freeman with imprint of B.F. Smith & Son, Portland joined Co. A as Sgt. 12/61; promoted 2nd Lieut. ?/62; 1st Lieut. 3/64; m/o 1/6/65. 2nd Lieut. Daniel S. Jones enlisted as Sgt., Co. D, 12/61; promoted 2nd Lieut. 8/62; m/o 1/6/65. Capt.

William B. Snell, CDV by A.M. McKenny, Portland, commanded Co. B from 11/61; on detached service 1863; m/o 1/6/65. Ink signed view of 1st Lieut. William H.H. Walker by B.F. Smith & Son, Portland. Walker was commissioned 1st Lieut., Co. A, 11/61; promoted Capt. 10/64; m/o 1/5/65. Capt. & AAG Frederick Speed entered service as regimental Sgt. Major, 5th ME 6/61; promoted 2nd Lieut. 8/61; discharged & promoted 1st Lieut. & Adjt., 13th ME 11/61; promoted Capt. & AAG to Gen. Dow 8/62. Capt. Speed was a significant historical personality officially associated with the death of at least 1,100 paroled prisoners who perished when the “overloaded” steamer Sultana suddenly exploded on April 27, 1865. Having served as officer-in-charge of managing the transportation of the former POWs, Capt. Speed was charged with several counts of negligence, court-marshalled at Vicksburg, and judged culpable in the high profile disaster—the only officer brought to trial. Speed was found “guilty” and sentenced to be dismissed from service. However, Brig. Gen. Joseph Holt, Judge Advocate General USA, refused to endorse the findings of the board and Capt. Speed was mustered out of service without the formal stain on his record. Frederick Speed lived in Vicksburg and practiced law for the rest of his life. He died in 1911. $400 - $600

236 Identified 13th Maine Enlisted Men, Seven CDVs Lot comprising 5 CDVs of identified enlisted men, with another view in civilian dress, plus a mounted gemtype. The gemtype is Pvt. Samuel C. Hooper, Co. K, who enlisted 1/62; promoted Cpl. ?/63; transferred to 30th ME 1/65. CDV of E.R. Small, ink signed beneath portrait, with imprint of A. Constant, N.O. Small joined Co. E as Pvt. 12/61; m/o 1/6/65. View of C.S. Deering, as ink autographed on verso over W.H. Emory, Kendall’s Mills, ME backmark. Deering entered service as Cpl., Co. B, 11/61; promoted Sgt. ?/62; discharged for promotion 2/64; commissioned 2nd Lieut., 10th USCTHA 3/64; m/o 10/2/65. Pencil signed view of Leonard Bosworth/Co. K, 13th ME Vols., by J.S. Kendee, Augusta. Bosworth enlisted 12/61 as Pvt.; promoted Cpl. ?/63; transferred to 30th ME 1/65; m/o 8/2065. CDV of Levi L. Hawes is ink signed beneath portrait with name, rank and unit repeated on verso. Note the unusually shaped sergeant’s chevrons.

Hawes started the war in Co. I, as Sgt. 12/61; commissioned Sgt. Major, 91st USCT 9/63; transferred to 74th USCT as Capt., Co. I, 7/64; m/o 10/11/65. Pvt. Alden B. Willey, by Keith & Ross, Machias, ME, is pencil signed. Wiley entered service as Pvt., Co. I, 12/61; promoted Cpl. & Sgt.; transferred to Co. B, 30th ME 1/65. Accompanying Willey is a CDV thought to be his wife. A civilian view is identified as T.M. Gray with imprint of A. Constant, N.O. Pvt. Gray joined Co. F, 12/61; subsequently listed on detached service in New Orleans; m/o 1/6/65. $600 - $800

237 Identified 14th Maine Officers, Four CDVs Lot of 4. Carte of George Blodgett is pencil identified. He enlisted 9/61 as Pvt., Co. C, 9th ME; discharged for promotion 6/62 as 1st Lieut., 14th ME; promoted Capt.; discharged 7/15/63. CDV of A.P. Bates is pencil signed as the Chaplain, 14th ME, with Young & Co., Eight Ave. NYC imprint; m/o 1/13/65. Chaplain Alvan J. Bates had also served in the 2nd ME. CDV of William Jackman, by J.S. Hendee, Augusta, enlisted in Co. H as 2nd Lieut. 12/61; promoted 1st Lieut. 1/63; KIA 9/19/64 at Winchester. CDV of Surgeon Enoch Adams, with imprint of E. Jacobs & Co., N.O., joined the 14th ME as Surgeon 11/61; resigned 5/9/64. $300 - $500

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THE CIVIL WAR | Tom MacDonald Maine Civil War CDV Collection 238 Identified 14th Maine Officers, Four CDVs Lot of 4 ink signed CDVs of officers, starting with view of M.W. Long, with imprint of T.R. Burham, Boston. Malcolm W. Long first served as Pvt., Co. E, 14th ME; promoted 1st Lieut. ?/62; m/o 1/65; re-enlisted as Capt., 9th Co. Unassigned ME Inf. 1/65; m/o 9/5/65. Carte of J.H. Crowell/Lt. & RQM 14th ME. Vet Vols., as inked on back. Crowell had prior service as QMSGT, 4th ME; discharged for promotion as 1st Lieut. & RQM, 14th ME 12/61; transferred to US Vol. QM Dept. & promoted Capt. & AQM 8/64; promoted Major 3/66; m/o 4/20/66.

Carte of S.A. Evan/14th ME. Vet Vols., ink signed beneath portrait by Starbird, Augusta. Simeon Evans was originally regimental Hospital Steward; promoted Asst. Surgeon 4/63; discharged 1/13/65. CDV of J.M. Wiswell/Major 14th ME Vols., signed below portrait by G.H. Loomis, Boston. Joseph M. Wiswell was wounded at Bull Run 7/21/61 while serving as Sgt., 4th ME. He joined the 14th ME as 2nd Lieut. Co. G 11/61; promoted 1st Lieut. 7/62; promoted Capt. 1/63; m/o 1/13/65; Major 4/65. Wiswell is shown wearing 1st Lieut. straps, which is inconsistent with his service history and the late-war two-cent orange revenue stamp. $400 - $500

239 Identified 15th Maine Enlisted Men, Five CDVs Lot of 5 identified NCOs, four ink signed. Starting with view of Sgt. Archelaus Fuller, by Lewis, Portland. Fuller enlisted as Cpl. Co. G, 14th ME 1261; promoted Sgt. ?/62; re-enlisted 2/64; discharged 9/11/65.

A sharp view of a doubled-armed Segt. David S. Worchester, Co. E, 14th Regt. Me. Vols., by A.C. Lewis. Sgt. Lewis presents a M1840 NCO sword and belted revolver. He joined as Pvt., Co. E, promoted Cpl. & Sgt.; reenlisted 1/64; discharged 9/11/65. Pvt. Amos H. Allen with imprint of Jordon & Co., NYC. Listed as Pvt. in Co. A; discharged 6/64. Incomplete HDS records do not show Allen as Sgt. View of Sgt. Lee/14th ME. Vols., referring to Chauncey C. Lee who entered service As Cpl., Co. E, 12/61; discharged for disability 6/8/62. Pencil identified view of Pvt. Samuel Albee, Co. E, who joined 12/61; promoted Cpl. 1862; reduced to Pvt. 1863; re-enlisted 1/64; WIA 9/19/64 Winchester; absent, sick, m/o 8/28/65. $400 - $500

240 15th Maine Officers, Five CDVs Including Col. Dyer Lot of 5, including 2 different views of Col. Isaac Dyer, 15th ME, one autographed on verso Isaac Dyer Col/Comd 15th Maine/Vet Vols., the other ink identified beneath portrait by L.I. Prince, N.O. Dyer was commissioned Lt. Col. 12/61; promoted Col. 8/62; Bvt. Brig. Gen. 3/13/65; discharged 9/13/65. 2nd Lieut. John Mead is identified in modern pencil based on the identical photograph in the regimental history. Mead enlisted as Pvt. in Co. D, 1/62; promoted 2nd Lieut. ?/62; m/o 3/15/65. View of G.W. Capen is signed in old ink. George W. Capan entered service as Sgt., Co. K; promoted 2nd Lieut. ?/62; detached as ADC; promoted Capt. ?/65; discharged 2/15/65. Another unidentified junior officer is said to be from a 15th ME album. $500 - $600

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THE CIVIL WAR | Tom MacDonald Maine Civil War CDV Collection 241 Identified 15th Maine Enlisted Men, Five CDVs Lot of 5. CDV of A.E. Moore/Co. A 15th Me. Vet Vols., as ink signed. Alonzo Moore joined as Pvt., Co A, 12/61; re-enlisted 1/64; m/o 7/5/66. CDV of Cpl. David C. Merryman is identified in modern pencil, with Wm .

Pierce, Brunswick, Me. imprint. Merryman enlisted as Pvt., Co. B, 12/61; promoted Cpl. ?/62; re-enlisted 1/64; m/o 7/5/66. View of Pvt. Orrin J. Gaul, by J.S. Hendee, Augusta, is pencil identified. Gaul first joined as Pvt., Co. I, 1/62; re-enlisted 1/64; m/o 7/5/66. Accompanied by mounted tintype, signed J.W. Allen in old pencil on verso, but not found in HDS, and a post-war cabinet card, penciled William J. Smith, formerly Co. E, 15th ME. $300 - $400

242 Autographed CDV of Musician Benj. W. Johnson, 17th Maine, at Gettysburg Carte of Benj. N. Johnson is ink signed on verso, with Jno. Holyland, Washington, D.C. imprint. Johnson enlisted as Pvt., Co. E, 16th ME and is confirmed as having fought at Gettysburg where he was part of the 16th ME color company. He was promoted to Musician ?/63 and transferred to the VRC 9/64. The verso bears copious penciled notations presumably written by Tom MacDonald that seem to refer to service in the various Kentucky cavalry regiments. The reason for the confusion is not known as this soldier, from Jay, ME, had no known service with Kentucky. $200 - $300

verso

243 Identified 21st Maine Staff Officers, Two CDVs Lot of 2. Carte of Lt. Col. Nathan Stanley, ink signed beneath portrait and again on verso in different hand. Stanley was commissioned Lt. Col. 9/62; m/o 8/25/63. A fine patriotic CDV ink signed B.G. Merry Maj/21st Regt. Me. Vol., showing the officer standing with sword next to large American flag. Merry joined as Major 9/62; m/o 8/63; re-enlisted as Capt. Co. B, 2nd ME Cav. 11/63; m/o 12/6/65. $200 - $300

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THE CIVIL WAR | Tom MacDonald Maine Civil War CDV Collection 244 Identified 21st Maine Officers, Five CDVs Lot of 5 identified company grade officers, 4 ink signed. Carte of Qr.Mr. W.S. Brown is signed three times. He enlisted as 1st Lieut. & RQM 9/62; m/o 8/25/63. Sword wielding view of Lieut. Micah Hobbs/Co. G, 21st ME, by Kertson & Barker, NY, is also signed three times. Hobbs enlisted as 2nd Lieut., Co. G, 10/62; m/o 8/25/63. View of Lieut. T.A. Maxfield, Co. D/21st Regt., with sword. Maxfield entered service as 1st Lieut., 10/62; m/o 8/25/63. A view of S.W. Clark with sword, by Kerton & Thompson, NY, is signed twice in ink. Clarke became Capt., Co. H, 10/62; m/o 8/63; re-enlisted as Capt. Co. E, 2nd ME Cav. 12/63; m/o 12/6/65. Pencil identified view of Asst. Surgeon David P. Bolster with imprint of J.S. Hendee, Augusta. Bolster was commissioned Asst. Surgeon 9/62; m/o 8/63; re-enlisted as Asst. Surgeon, 16th ME 2/65; m/o 6/5/65. $400 - $600

245 Identified 21st Maine Officers, Five CDVs Group of 5 identified company grade officers, including 3 casualties.

Capt. James A. Williams, by J.S. Hendee, Augusta, bears notes in modern pen written by a family descendant. Williams first enlisted as Capt., Co. E, 21st ME; m/o 8/63; re-enlisted as Capt. Co. C, 31st ME 3/64; mortally wounded (right foot amputated) Cold Harbor 6/3/64; DOW 6/15/64 (buried at Andersonville National Cemetery suggesting he was also captured). A period copy shot by R. Brown, Waldoboro, ME depicts 1st Lieut. Aaron W. Wallace who enlisted as 1st Lieut., Co. A, 21st ME 10/62; KIA Port Hudson 5/27/63.View of sword wielding Lt. M.V. B. Chase/Co. H/21st ME, by Kertson & Thompson, joined Co. H 10/62; m/o 8/25/63. Ink signed carte of Capt. M. L. Hewitt/21st Maine Co G, with imprint of Kertson & Barker, NY. Marcus Hewitt was commissioned Capt., Co. G 10/62; m/o 8/25/63. View of Capt. J. U. Hubbard, by Kertson & Thompson, NYC, is signed twice in ink. John Hubbard became Capt., Co. B, 10/62; WIA Port Hudson 5/27/63; m/o 8/25/63. $400 - $600

246 Identified 21st Maine Enlisted Men, Six CDVs Lot of 4 identified enlisted men, with 2 more attributed cartes, plus a post-war GAR calling card identified to J.R. Pollard, Deputy Sheriff, a former Pvt. in Co. D. Pvt. Ink signed view of J. Everett Nichols/Com. Clerk, by Kertson & Thompson, NYC. Nichols enlisted as Pvt., Co. I, 10/62; m/o 8/25/63. CDV of Lt. G.W. Young Co. A, as ink identified on verso over J.S. Hendee imprint. Young entered the regiment as 1st Sgt., Co. A, 10/62; promoted 1st Lieut. 6/63; m/o 8/25/63. CDV of Sgt. John M. Williams. Co. F 21st Regt. is ink identified. Williams became Cpl., Co. F, 10/62; promoted Sgt.; m/o 8/25/63. An uncased CDV-size tintype is attributed as Pvt. Henry B. Meserve who joined Co. F as Pvt. 10/62; m/o 8/63; re-enlisted as Pvt., Co. B, 1st Battalion Maine Inf. 3/65; discharged for disability 9/25/65. A Cpl. is identified in modern pencil as Abram H. Adams, Co. K. Adams is not found in HDS. A civilian view is attributed as 1st Sgt. Benj. Franklin Dunbar, Co. D, who DOW received at Port Hudson 5/27/63. $400 - $500

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THE CIVIL WAR | Tom MacDonald Maine Civil War CDV Collection 247 Identified 22nd & 23rd Maine Soldiers, Nine CDVs Lot of 9, comprising 3 CDVs of identified officers, with 5 named enlisted men, plus 1 tintype. The officers include 2 views of Richard Bradley who first joined Co. H, 23rd ME as Sgt. 9/62; m/o 7/63; 2nd Lieut. Co. F. 30th ME 12/63; discharged 1/65; 1st Lieut. Co. F, 12th ME 3/65; m/o 4/18/66. An ink signed carte of Capt. A. P. Lamb, who enlisted in Co G. 9/62; discharged for disability 2/28/63. Period pencil signed carte of 1st Lieut. H. M. Pearce/23rd ME. Bearce entered service as Sgt., Co. D; promoted 2nd Lieut. 3/63; commissioned 1st Lieut. Co. B, 32nd ME 3/64; POW 7/30/64 Petersburg (confined at Macon); m/o 12/12/64. View of Henry A. Ryerson, by Geo. M. Howe, Portland, joined Co. F as Pvt. 9/62; promoted Cpl. 11/62; m/o 7/15/63. Pencil identified CDV of H. Hitchings/22nd ME, by J.S. Hendee, Augusta. HDS lists him as Hanson Hutchings who entered Co. K, 22nd ME as Pvt. 10/62; m/o 8/63; re-enlisted as Cpl. Co. E, 1st ME Cav. 2/64; WIA Boydton Plank Road, VA, 10/27/64 & hospitalized; m/o 8/1/65. Harlam P. Wheeler is standing at attention with musket and belt Bowie knife. He was a Pvt. in Co. B as of 9/62; promoted Cpl. 3/63; m/o 7/15/63. CDV of Aurestus S. Perham, by A.M. M’Kenny, Portland, enlisted as Cpl., Co. F 9/62; promoted Sgt. 1/63; m/o 7/63; re-enlisted 7th Maine Light Battery 9/64; discharged for promotion to Sgt.-Major 1st ME Mounted Artillery 2/65. Plus a trimmed tintype identified in modern hand as Pvt. Daniel Dobbin, Co. D, who joined 10/62; m/o 8/14/63. $500 - $600

248 Identified 24th Maine Officers, Four CDVs Lot of 4 identified officers, including 2 ink signed. A CDV of Lieut.

A. M. Jackson, ink signed beneath portrait by J.S. Hendee, Augusta.

Jackson enlisted as 2nd Lieut. in Co. F, 24th ME 10/62; discharged 3/63; commissioned 2nd Lieut. in US Signal Corps 3/63; discharged 12/64 and promoted Major, 10th USCT HA; m/o as Lt. Col. 3/13/65. A vignette ink signed on verso, George E. Atwood/A.Q.M./USA. Atwood had prior service as 1st Lieut., Co. F, 5th ME before resigning 10/62 to accept a commission in the 24th ME as 1st Lieut. & Regt. Adjt. He resigned 3/62 to accept a captaincy in the 87th USCT; discharged 11/64; commissioned Capt. and AQM, US Vol. QM Dept. 1/65; double brevet—Major and Lt. Col. 3/13/65— for Gaines Mill; Capt., 28th US Inf. 7/66; resigned 3/5/67. Surgeon John C. Manson, 24th ME, joined 9/62; discharged 11/22/62. Pencil identified view of 1st Lieut. Oakes A. Fillebrown by S. Masury, Boston. Fillebrown was commissioned 1st Lieut. & QM 9/62; m/o 8/25/63. Identical views of both CDVs on HDS. $300 - $400

249 Identified 24th Maine Enlisted Men, Seven CDVs Lot of 7, comprising 4 CDVs, one a post-war copy shot, 2 postagestamp size mounted tintypes, and 1 uncased sixth plate tintype, all identified. CDV of Hiram Hannaford, Co. K is pencil identified on verso.

Hannaford enlisted as Pvt. 10/62; died of disease 3/30/63. A pair of gem types of brothers Waterman and Gilbert Starrett, both Co. B who joined 10/62 as Privates; m/o 8/25/63. View of Osborn J. Pierce,

by J.S. Hendee, Augusta, as Sgt. Major. Pierce entered service as Cpl., Co. G, 10/62; promoted regimental Sgt. Major 4/63; m/o 8/25/63. H.A. Mills, Camden CDV of F.M. Adams shown wearing a civilian frock coat and holding kepi. Adams became Pvt., Co. B, 10/62; m/o 8/25/63; reenlisted as Cpl. 7th Co. Maine Unassigned Infantry 10/64; m/o 7/6/65.

The post-war copy shot depicts Pvt. Jotham S. Pomeroy, Co. F; died of disease at N.O. 8/22/63. The armed tintype is identified in modern hand as Pvt. Howard B. Chase, Co. H; joined 10/62; m/o 8/25/63. $400 - $500

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THE CIVIL WAR | Tom MacDonald Maine Civil War CDV Collection 250 26th Maine Soldiers, Seven CDVs Lot of 7, consisting of 2 identified officers, 3 identified enlisted men, 1 uncased CD-size tintype of an unknown youth showing F/26 Company letters on his forage cap, plus 1 view of an unidentified officer. The officers are tentatively Capt. William H. Black by A.M. Burham, Bangor, Co. K; m/o 8/17/63. CDV of W.E. Norwood is pencil signed beneath portrait, with Burnham backmark. Norwood enlisted as 2nd Lieut., Co. F, 10/62; m/o 8/17/63. The unidentified company grade officer is a vignette with at least four possible identifications penciled on verso. Pvt. Edwin L. Neal by B.P. Paige, Washington, D.C. Neal enlisted as Pvt. in Co. A, 10/62; m/o 8/17/63; re-enlisted as Cpl. in Co. A Maine Coast Guard Infantry; m/o 5/65. A trimmed CDV of Sgt. George P. Potter is housed in ninth plate brass under glass. Potter served in the Maine Coast Guards followed by a tour with the 26th ME. He then joined Co. K, 1st MEHA in 12/63; mortally WIA Spotsylvania 5/19/64; DOW 5/25/64. A pair of related CDVs include John Hill in civilian dress and his wife. Hill served as a Pvt. in Co. C; m/o 8/17/63. $400 - $500

251 Identified 27th Maine Soldiers, Eight CDVs Lot of 8, including identified wartime views of 3 officers and 2 NCOs, plus another unidentified officer. A post-war tintype and cabinet card of identified veterans also accompany the lot. View of officer pencil identified as Maj. John D. Cane, with J.U.P. Burham imprint and blue-green two cent revenue stamp. Hill joined at Capt., Co. C 9/62; promoted Major 1/63; m/o 7/17/63. A Brady view of 1st Lieut. Samuel A. Libby who enlisted as 1st Lieut., Co. A, 9/62; m/o 7/17/63. Libby then re-enlisted as Capt. Co. L, 2nd ME Cav. 12/63; m/o 12/6/63. CDV of Lt. John H. Came, by B.F. Smith & Son, Portland, who entered service as 1st Lieut., Co. C, 9/62; died of disease at Alexandria, VA 1/16/63. A carte, signed twice in ink, of Calvin L. Hayes/Sergt. Major/27th ME Regt.

Hayes enlisted as Regimental Sgt. Maj. 9/62; m/o 7/17/63; re-enlisted as Adjt. 32nd ME 2/64; m/o 12/12/64. A CDV of Pvt. Frank Chellis with imprint of Union Photograph Gallery, 391 Canal St. Chellis entered service as Pvt., Co. K, 9/62; m/o 7/17/63; re-enlisted as Pvt., Co. C, 17th ME 12/63; promoted to Principal Musician 3/64; transferred to 1st MEHA 12/64; m/o with regt. The CDV of the unidentified company grade officer shown gripping his sword is by A.M. M’Kenny. His kepi bears the numeral 27 within a large embroidered bugle insignia.

The 1880s-era sixth plate tintype is identified as Seth Grant, Jr. who was Sgt. in Co. K. Grant is pictured in his GAR regalia including the ubiquitous Membership Star. The 1880s cabinet card is penciled Franklin Littlefield, who had served as a Pvt. in Co. G. $500 - $600

252 Identified 28th Maine Officers, Three CDVs Lot of 3, including a view of long serving veteran, Col. Ephraim W. Woodman by C.H. Williamson, Brooklyn. Woodman first joined as Capt., Co. A, 8th ME 9/61; promoted Major 12/61; resigned 3/62; Col., 28th ME 10/62; m/o 8/63; Col. 2nd ME Cav. 12/63; m/o 12/6/65. Carte of James Andrews by Anderson’s, New Orleans is ink signed. Andrews enlisted as Pvt., Co. F, 28th ME 10/62; detached as orderly at Gen. Bank’s HQ; m/o 8/31/63. Also, an unidentified 2nd Lieut. armed with sword, by Starbird, Augusta, ME.The numerals 28 are visible on his tall forage cap. $200 - $300

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THE CIVIL WAR | Tom MacDonald Maine Civil War CDV Collection 253 Civil War CDVs of Union Camp, 29th Maine on Folly Island, South Carolina Lot of 2 rare CDVs showing the 29th Maine Union encampment on Folly Island, off of Charleston, SC, each with G.T. Lape’s, New York backmark. Acquired from the collection of Abial Edwards of the 29th Maine Volunteers who was in South Carolina in June 1865. The first carte captures the building in which General Gillmore had his headquarters, and is ink inscribed on verso: No. 1/ No. 1 & 2 are the same place/ General Gillmore’s Hd. Qtrs. on/ Folly Island, S.C. The second CDV shows a grouping of tents on the beach at Folly Island, and is ink inscribed on verso: No. 2/ Tent in view No. 1/ In the upper/ Left hand/ Corner of/ this./ General Gillmore’s staff encampment/ from signal tower.

Camp Engineers/ in the distance.

Property of another consignor $300 - $500

254 Identified 30th Maine Officers, Six CDVs Lot comprising 6 CDVs of identified officers. Horace C. Haskell is pencil identified by A.M. McKinney, Portland. Haskett entered the army as 1st Lieut., Co. D, 23rd ME; promoted Capt. 3/63; m/o 7/63; re-enlisted as Capt. Co. A, 30th ME 12/63; promoted Major 8/64; m/o 8/20/65.

Ink signed carte of Charles L. Field/2nd Lieut. Co. A. 30th ME. Vols., with imprint of A.M. McKenny. Field had prior service as Pvt., Co. G, 23rd ME; re-enlisted as Sgt. Co. A, 30th ME 12/63; m/o 8/20/65. Carte of A. N. Ames, ink signed, by McKenny. Albert Ames originally joined as Sgt., Co. C, 13th ME; re-enlisted 2/64; transferred to 30th ME as 2nd Lieut. 1/65; m/o 8/20/65. View of 2nd Lieut. S.S. Andrews, ink signed, by McKenny.

Simon S. Andrews enlisted as Sgt., Co. K, 13th ME 12/61; re-enlisted 2/64; promoted 1st Lieut. 4/64; transferred to Co. K, 30th ME as Capt.

1/65; m/o 8/20/65. Franklin E. Holmes is pencil identified by McKenny.

Enlisted as Sgt. , Co. F, 13th ME 12/61; re-enlisted 2/64; transferred to Co. B, 30th ME as 2nd Lieut. 1/65; m/o 8/20/65. 1st Lieut. Francis H. Coffin (Carlisle Barracks identification) was commissioned 1st Lieut. & RQM 11/63; discharged 9/2/65. $600 - $800

255 Identified 30th Maine Officers, Six CDVs Group of 6 identified officers. CDV of Kirk W. Moses, as ink signed on verso, by Brady. Moses enlisted as Capt., Co. G, 30th ME; m/o 8/20/65.

Carte of L.T. Cummings by W.J. Tait, NYC is ink signed beneath portrait.

Cummings was commissioned 2nd Lieut., Co. C 12/63; discharged for disability 8/5/65. Carte of Capt. Whitman Sawyer ink signed with imprint of B.F. Smith & Son, Portland. Sawyer had prior service as 1st Lieut., Co. C, 25th ME, promoted Capt. 5/63; m/o 7/63; re-enlisted as Capt., Co. C, 30th ME 12/63; m/o 8/20/65. Ink signed view of P.M. Emery, by McKenny. Emory had prior service in 13th ME; joined Co. H, 30th ME as 1st Lieut. 1/65; m/o 8/20/65. A pencil identified CDV of Abraham N. Rowe by J.H.P. Burnham, Portland. Rowe entered service as Cpl., Co. G, 25th ME 9/62; m/o 7/63; re-enlisted as 2nd Lieut., Co. E, 30th ME 12/63; promoted 1st Lieut. 4/64; died of disease 11/21/64.

Brevet Brig. Gen. George Wiltshire Randall had originally joined the army as Capt., Co. G, 25th ME 9/62; m/o 7/63; re-enlisted as Capt., Co. E, 30th ME 12/63; WIA Pleasant Hill, LA 4/9/64; promoted Major 8/64; brevetted Col. & Brig. Gen. 3/13/65; promoted Lt. Col. 8/65; m/o 8/20/65. $500 - $700

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THE CIVIL WAR | Tom MacDonald Maine Civil War CDV Collection 256 Identified 30th Maine Enlisted Men, Six CDVs Lot of 6, including 5 identified cartes, plus an unidentified view. Ink signed carte of Edward M. Gammon/Leader Band 30th ME, by A.M. McKenney, Portland. Gammon joined as Principal Musician 1/64; m/o 8/20/65. CDV of Pvt. Gustavus Nason, with imprint of Hannaford, New London, NH, served in Co. D, joined 12/63; POW ?/64 (place and date not stated); died a POW on 7/30/64. Ink signed CDV of H.N. Fairbanks/ Co E/30th Regt. Me. Vet Vols., by Starbird, Augusta. Fairbanks entered service as Sgt., Co. E, 12/63; promoted 2nd Lieut. 4/64; m/o 8/20/65.

CDV of sword wielding Phil J. Landagan, by Geo. W. Butler, Bath, ME, enlisted as Pvt. in Co. I, 1/64; m/o 8/20/65. A post-war copy shot depicts Pvt. Luther True who enlisted in Co. E, 12/63; WIA Petersburg & DOW 8/6/64. The last view is an unknown private with Curtis & Crosby, Lewiston imprint. $500 - $700

257 Identified 2nd Maine Cavalry Staff Officers, Five CDVs Lot of 5. CDV of Lt. Col. John Godfrey, ink signed on verso, by Hardy, Bangor. Godfrey joined the regiment 12/63; resigned 5/4/64. Pencil identified carte of Surgeon George W. Martin with imprint of J.S. Hendee, Augusta. Martin was commissioned regimental surgeon 11/63; m/o 12/6/65. Ink identified CDV of Lt. Col. Eben F. Hutchinson who entered service as Major, 24th ME Inf. 9/62; promoted Lt. Col. 2nd ME Cav. 6/30/63; m/o 12/6/65. Two additional views are postwar cabinet cards including John R. Eaton; Asst. Surgeon 2/64; m/o 12/6/65; plus another “Surgeon” with R.G. Robinson penciled on verso, not found. $250 - $350

258 Identified 2nd Maine Cavalry Officers, Six CDVs Lot of 6 identified 2nd ME Cav. officers, including pencil identified view of Capt. John M. Lincoln with imprint of Loring’s Rooms, Eastport, Me. Lincoln had prior service as 1st Lieut., Co. F, 6th ME from 7/61; resigned 8/62; re-enlisted as Capt., Co. D, 2nd ME Cav. 12/63; m/o 12/6/65. View of Capt. Samuel W. Clark/2nd ME. Cav. is ink signed beneath portrait. Clark was originally commissioned Capt., Co. H, 21st ME 10/62; m/o 8/63; re-enlisted as Capt., Co. E, 2nd ME Cav. 12/63; m/o 12/6/65. Carte of Capt. Moses French is pencil identified, by Starbird, Augusta. He joined as Capt., Co. K, 2nd ME Cav. 12/63; m/o 12/6/65. A vignette of Capt. Sam. H. Libby/2nd Cavalry, by J.S. Hendee, Augusta, is ink signed. Libby entered service as 1st Lieut., Co. A, 27th ME 9/62; m/o 7/63; re-enlisted as Capt., Co. L, 2nd ME Cav. 12/63; m/o 12/6/65. Ink signed carte of A.J. Woodman Co. L, 2nd Cav. Me. Vols., by J.S. Hendee. Woodman enlisted as 1st Lieut., Co. L, 12/63; m/o 12/6/65.

CDV of 1st Lieut. Marcus A. Vose by Hinton’s Galleries, N.O. is signed in period pencil. Instead of shoulder straps, he wears 1st Lieut. bars on the stand-up collar of his officer’s fatigue jacket. Vose had first served as Sgt., Co. B, 1st ME Cav.; brevetted 2nd Lieut. in 1862; m/o 6/63; reenlisted as 2nd Lieut., Co. H, 2nd ME Cav. 12/63; promoted 1st Lieut.

6/65; m/o 12/6/65. $500 - $700 104

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THE CIVIL WAR | Tom MacDonald Maine Civil War CDV Collection

259 Identifed 2nd Maine Cavalry Enlisted Men, Eleven CDVs Lot of 11 enlisted men, comprising 4 identified in uniform, 3 identified in civilian dress, 2 tentatively identified, and 2 unknowns. A CDV-size tintype and companion CDV are identified as Cpl. Frank H. Holt, Co. L, who enlisted 12/63; discharged 9/25/65. An ink identified vignette of Pvt. Tom Stevens with imprint of D.K. Jewell, Augusta. Stevens joined Co. K, 12/63; m/o 12/6/65. Ink identified view of B. Roberts, by J.S. Hendee. This is Byron Roberts who entered Co. M 3/64; promoted Comm. Sgt. & 1st Sgt. ?/64; m/o 12/6/65. The identified soldiers in civilian attire are Pvt. Lorenzo C. Crowell; enlisted 1/64; m/o 12/6/65.

CDV of Pvt. Edgar B. Davis is ink signed; enlisted 1/64; discharged 8/14/65. An oval albumen applied to mount is identified in ink as Rodolph L. Dodge, 1861. Dodge served as 2nd Lieut., Co. C from 12/63; discharged 6/15/65. The tentatively identified troopers are Musician Orland G. Hutchins, Co. K; enlisted as Pvt. 12/63; promoted Musician ?/64; m/o 12/6/65. Pvt. Charles W. Kimball, Co. A; enlisted 11/63; died (of disease) 9/14/64. The two unidentified privates both sport interesting insignia on their forage caps. One with Bath, ME backmark bears a 2 over B with the letters C and O at either end of the crossed sabers. The other, by Starbird, Augusta, has 2 MC over an unidentified round badge. $700 - $900

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THE CIVIL WAR | Tom MacDonald Maine Civil War CDV Collection

260 Identified 2nd Maine Cavalry Enlisted Men, Ten CDVs Lot of 10 enlisted men, with 6 positively identified, 2 attributed, and 2 unknown. Ink signed view of QM Sgt. Foster Myers/Co B 2nd Maine Cav, listed as John L. Mayers in HDS. Mayers enlisted at Sgt., Co. B 11/63; promoted 1st Sgt.: m/o 12/6/65. View of Sgt. Lewis K. Litchfield/Co. I 2nd Me Cav, by J.S. Variell, Gardiner, is ink signed on verso. Litchfield entered as Cpl., Co. I, 12/63; promoted Sgt. ?/64; promoted Qtr. Master Sgt. ?/65; m/o 12/6/65. Pvt. Levi Hopkins with imprint of J.S. Hendee is identified in modern pencil. Hopkins was Pvt., Co. B effective 11/63; absent, sick 1864; died of disease 12/26/64. CDV of John F. Gould/ Commissary Sergeant/2nd Maine Cavalry, ink signed, by J.S. Hendee.

Gould joined the regiment as Sgt., Co. H, 12/63; promoted Qtr. Master Sgt. ?/65; m/o 12/6/65. CDV of U.H. Hovey is identified in old pencil beneath portrait. This is Musician Urban H. Hovey, Co. H; enlisted

12/63; detached as Hospital Steward 1864; m/o 12/6/65. Carte of Charles W. Keyes, as inked on verso in modern pen. Keyes served in four different units: Sgt. Co. B, 28th ME; m/o 8/63, Sgt., Co. F, 2nd ME Cav.; discharged for promotion 3/64, commissioned 1st Lieut., Co. E, 32nd ME 4/64; Severely WIA 5/12/64 Spotsylvania C.H. (left leg amputated); discharged for wounds 9/64, commissioned 2nd Lieut., Co F, ME Coast Guard Inf.; m/o 7/65; subsequent service in US Army 7/66 to 12/70; brevetted Capt. for Spotsylvania C.H. 3/2/67. The 2 tentatively identified troopers are Pvt. Daniel W. Barker, Co. D; 12/63; died (of disease) 9/20/64, and Pvt. Joel S. Richards, Co. H; enlisted 12/63; m/o 12/6/65. One unknown is a late-war mounted tintype showing a freckled face youngster wearing a kepi with 2/ME over I. The other anonymous trooper, with Hunting’s, Belfast, ME backmark, is double armed with saber and belted Remington revolver. $700 - $900

261 Identified USCT Officers from Maine, Six CDVs Lot of 6, including 5 identified officers, 1 unidentified. First CDV is Lt. Col. Charles Henry Howard, with Beaufort, S.C./Feb. 1865 inked on verso over Sam Cooley bacmark. Charles Henry Howard was the younger brother of Gen. O.O. Howard and served on his sibling’s staff for most of the war. Howard was commissioned in the 61st NY as 2nd Lieut. 1/62; WIA 6/1/62 Fair Oaks, VA; promoted 1st Lieut. 10/62; discharged for promotion to Major 5/63 on staff of O.O. Howard; promoted Lt. Col. & Additional Inspector Gen., brevetted Lt. Col. & Col. 3/13/65; promoted Col. 128th USCT 4/65; brevet Brig. Gen. 8/15/65; subsequent service until discharged 1/1/68. View of Col. John C. Cobb, ink signed beneath portrait, with photographic information and November 15, 1864 date on verso. Cobb was originally commissioned 1st Lieut., Co. D, 15th ME 12/61; discharged 6/14/64 for promotion to Col., 96th USCT: resigned 7/18/65. Two CDVs of brothers Charles W. Lowell and Alvano V. Lowell, who both served in the 80th USCT as Captain of Co. B. and Co. I/F respectively. Ink signed CDV of Lieut. A.V. Lowell/Co. I. 80th Inf Cd’A (Corps de Afrique), by Brooks & Blauvelt, Port Hudson. Alvano Lowell made Capt. 10/65; brevetted Major 5/21/66; m/o 3/1/67. Carte of sword wielding Capt. Charles Winthrop Lowell is identified in period pencil along margin of verso. Charles commanded Co. B, 80th USCT; promoted Major 3/65; brevet Lt. Col. 3/13/65; m/o 3/1/67. Pencil identified view of Lt. Charles Buck, 80th USCT, who resigned 3/30/65. Another officer posed with sword having a Brooks & Blauvelt backmark is unidentified. $400 - $500 106

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THE CIVIL WAR | Tom MacDonald Maine Civil War CDV Collection 262 Identified USCT Officers, Six Images Lot of 6, comprising 5 identified CDVs and copy shot on later cabinet card mount. View of Major George Webster, 77th USCT by Anderson & Turner, N.O. Webster joined Co. H, 12th ME 11/61 as 1st Lieut.; promoted Major, 77th USCT 3/64; promoted Lt. Col. 3/65; transferred to 10th USCTHA 10/65; resigned 6/2/66. Carte, ink signed on verso, of Russell W. Thing, who enlisted in the 12th USCTHA as 2nd Lieut. 9/64; m/o 4/24/66. View of H.P. Young, ink signed beneath vignette portrait, with C. Seller’s, Keokuk, Iowa imprint. Young originally served as Sgt. Co. H, 18th WI 11/61; discharged and promoted 1st Lieut., Co. D, 60th USCT 10/63; promoted Capt. 6/64; m/o 10/15/65. A vignette of Levi Flint with imprint of E.J. Jacobs, New Orleans. Flint had prior service in the 1st ME Cav.; commissioned Lieut., 80th USCT 4/63; resigned 10/26/65. Ink signed carte of S. Young/Capt. 96th USCT by J.A. Sheldon, New Orleans. Sheldon joined as Capt. 4/63; m/o 1/29/66. A post-war copy shot identified in pencil as Asst. Surgeon William S. Codman, 107th USCT. Codman joined 10/64; m/o 11/22/66. $400 - $500

263 Identified Naval Officers from Maine, Five CDVs Lot of 5, including 4 identified views, 1 unidentified. Ink signed view of Major William Hatch, by Brooks & Blauvelt, Port Hudson. Hatch originally served as 2nd Lieut., Co. G, 3rd ME; promoted 1st Lieut. & Capt.; discharged 3/63 for promotion to Major, 80th USCT; resigned 3/14/65. CDV of Major Albert Loring is ink signed on verso. Loring was commissioned in the 10th USCTHA as Capt. 11/64; brevetted Major 3/13/65; m/o 2/22/67. Nathan H. Decoster had prior service as Pvt. Co. C, 20th ME, not present at Gettysburg. He was discharged 7/63 and commissioned 1st Lieut., 2nd USCT 9/64; m/o 1/5/66. CDV of Capt.

Marcus Gillpatrick is signed with uncommon William Brown, Army of Arkansas imprint. Commissioned Capt. 12/64; m/o 10/9/65. Also, a carte of an unidentified 1st Lieut. by E.A. Jacobs, N.O. $300 - $400

264 Identified Naval Officers, Six CDVs Lot consisting of 6 identified naval officers, including Act-Ensign/ Wm. T. Mitchell (discharged 3/17/66) and Act. Ensign/Frank Tuttle/U.S.S. Shamokin/1866, by C. Seaver, Jr. Boston (resigned 9/9/70). Also Capt.

Clerk Joseph Foster/September 1862/U.S.S. Augusta, with Gregory blindstamp (still in service 1900). Bespectacled William Flye/Lieut.

Commander/USN, with imprint of Wm Pierce, Brunswick, ME (discharged 12/24/65). View of Francis Josselyn U.S.N., commanding Commodore Hull (discharged 6-12-68), with a late war oval mounted tintype of Acting Ensign E.B. Cox/USN, (discharged 8/3/65). $400 - $500

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THE CIVIL WAR | Tom MacDonald Maine Civil War CDV Collection 265 Identified Naval Officers, Eight CDVs Lot of 8, including 7 identified USN officers from Maine, plus another unidentified, accompanied by a GAR calling card. View of Acting Assist. Surg. John E. Parsons identified in modern pencil by Anderson, N.O. (resigned 12/8/66). Period pencile signed carte of Acting Master W. Right USN, by Davis Bros., Portsmouth (discharged 9/17/65). Acting Master William E. Thomas (recommended by C/O) with imprint of J.J. Hawes, Boston (discharged 10/27/65). Acting Paymaster William T. Chapin by Davis Bros., Portsmouth, identified in modern pencil. Name not found in Navy Register, more likely another Civil War Paymaster named Eugene Chapin. A view of Acting Ensign Leander M. Keene (resigned 5/12/65). A view by J.E. McClees, Philadelphia identified in light pencil beneath portrait as S. Casey, with the date 1863 on the original print. This CDV is thought to be Lieut. Commander Silas Casey III, son of Major General Silas Casey. Silas Casey was a career navy officer who attained the rank of Rear-Admiral in March 1899 and commanded the US Navy Pacific Squadron. A post-war cabinet card is identified as Capt. Naite. Last is the oblong GAR calling card of A.P. Ingalls, Portland, ME, with Executive Com. 19th Nat’l Encampment/U.S.S. Augusta printed lower left. $400 - $600

266 Outdoor CDV of General Grove’s Headquarters, Plus Lot of 2. A street scene of Baton Rouge taken during the summer of 1863 by McPherson & Oliver. The view is ink identified as Gen. Grove’s Headquarters, an imperious structure with stone façade and columns, nearly hidden beneath a canopy of lush trees. Amongst the shadows stand a number gawking soldiers and saddled horses belonging to orderlies. Across the street is a business district replete with prominent outdoor adverting signs including a watch or clock maker nearest the camera. The accompanying CDV, by A.L. Blauvete, Port Hudson, is a studio view of a seated officer pencil identified as Josiah Sturtevant.

The ID is suspect as HDS lists Sturtevant as 29 years old at enlistment while the grey flecks in this man’s facial hair suggest someone at least a decade older. Showing no insignia, the soldier wears a four button sack coat and expensive knee high cavalry boots. He holds a forage cap without any visible insignia. Interestingly, the saber appears to be an Austrian pattern with solid guard. $300 - $400

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THE CIVIL WAR | Tom MacDonald Maine Civil War CDV Collection 267 Two Views of Compelling New York Officers Lot of 2, including a CDV and a post-war photograph cased in a quarter-size locket with pin back. CDV by W.J. Baker, Utica, N.Y. bears a lengthy inked notation on verso identifying this officer as 1st Lieut.

John Savage Hunt, 2nd NYHA & Battery L, 4th US Artillery and reads, Walked overboard in his sleep the night of May 29th-30th 1864, while en route with his battery, I, 4th US arty, from Bermuda Hundred, James River, to White House Landing (illegible) River, Va. and was drowned. He was a superior officer. Hunt joined Co. E, 2nd NYHA as 1st Lieut. 10/61; transferred to 4th US Artillery 10/61 & promoted 1st Lieut.; drowned 5/29/64. The locket surrounded by twisted brass wire once plated is identified as Francis Laurens Vinton who entered service as Capt.

16th US Inf. 8/61; commissioned Col., 43rd NY 9/61; promoted Brig.

Gen. 9/19/62; severely WIA at Fredericksburg “while leading a charge;” resigned 5/3/63. A mining engineer by trade, after the war Vinton served as “consulting engineer” for the extensive mining operations at Leadville, CO and died there October 6, 1879. $300 - $400

268 Autographed CDV of Capt. James. M. Bowler, 3rd & 1st Minnesota A vignette ink signed on verso, Yours truly/J.M. Bowler, with E.A. Beach, Hastings, Minnesota imprint. James M. Bowler originally entered the 1st Minnesota as Pvt., Co. E. He then was commissioned into the 3rd Minnesota as 2nd Lieut. 11/61; POW Murfreesboro, TN 7/16/62 & paroled; promoted Capt. 12/62; discharged 4/65 for promotion to Major, 113th USCT, 5/65; discharged 4/9/65. An uncommon view of a Minnesota veteran who served for the duration. $200 - $300

SEE DETAILED DESCRIPTIONS, ADDITIONAL PHOTOGRAPHS AND CONDITION REPORTS OF ALL LOTS AT COWANS.COM

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269 General Alfred Pleasonton, Custer’s Commander, Signed CDV

by Brady Carte de visite of Alfred Pleasonton, autographed below vignetted portrait as Major General, with Brady, New York imprint on mount recto and verso.

Ex-dragoon Pleasonton (1824-1897) was made Brigadier General in July 1862 and Major General in June 1863, commanding the Cavalry Corps of the Army of the Potomac where his record was largely undistinguished. During the Gettysburg campaign of 1863, he promoted 1st Lieut. George Custer as well as Capt. Wesley Merritt to Brigadier General. Pleasonton won the epic cavalry fight at Brandy Station that conferred superiority to the Federal mounted arm, but his lack of enthusiasm for the planned Kilpatrick Raid endorsed by the President cost him his job and he was exiled to Missouri. $1,500 - $2,000

270 General John F. Reynolds, KIA Gettysburg, CDV Scarce head and chest view of General John F. Reynolds, with R.W. Addis, Washington, D.C. backmark.

A regular with Mexican War and lengthy frontier experience, Reynolds (1820-1863) held a variety of brigade and division-size commands during the first two years of the war before being promoted to Major General in November 1862. At Gettysburg, Reynolds had overall command of the vanguard of the Army of the Potomac, consisting of his own 1st Corps (under Doubleday) with the 3rd (Sickles) and 11th (Howard) in echelon. While placing the 2nd Wisconsin on the field during the morning of July 1st, Reynolds was picked off by a rebel sharpshooter and killed. $600 - $800

271 Colonel Paul Revere, 20th Massachusetts, KIA Gettysburg, CDV A published view by Whipple, Boston of the Harvard educated Revere. The grandson of Paul Revere of Revolutionary War fame, Paul Joseph Revere (1832-1863) joined the 20th Massachusetts as Major in July 1861 and was wounded and captured at Ball’s Bluff in October 1861. Upon his release from Libby Prison, Revere served on the staff of General Sumner and was wounded a second time at Antietam on September 17, 1862. Promoted to Colonel in April 1863, Revere commanded the 20th Massachusetts at Gettysburg where he was wounded a third time, mortally by a gunshot in the left lung on July 3.

He lingered briefly and died in a 2nd Corps hospital on July 4. Lionized in his lifetime and afterwards, the noble Revere had been brevetted Brigadier General on the field of Gettysburg July 2. $2,000 - $2,500

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THE CIVIL WAR | CDVs | Union | Officers & Enlisted Men 272 Colonel Strong Vincent, KIA Gettysburg, CDV Carte bears imprint on mount recto and verso of Dolph Bros., Erie, PA, the city from which the 83rd Pennsylvania was raised. A fine view of Colonel Strong Vincent (1837-1863) of the 83rd PA. Plucked by fate and General Warren to the summit of Little Round Top just in the nick of time to oppose a surging Confederate attack, Vincent was mortally wounded while rallying the hard-pressed 16th Michigan, and for eternity became a Gettysburg icon. Vincent died in a field hospital on July 7 and his promotion to Brigadier General was posthumous. $1,500 - $2,000

273 Capt. Samuel B. Noyes, 1st US Veteran Infantry, WIA Gettysburg, CDV Kimball & Sons, Concord, NH carte of Capt.

Samuel B. Noyes, ink identified on image.

Samuel Noyes enlisted as a Private on 8/62, at the age of 19, and mustered into Co. I, 12th New Hampshire Infantry. As part of the Army of Potomac’s Third Corps, the 12th NH arrived at Gettysburg on July 2, 1863, and on the same day, Noyes suffered a gunshot wound in the shoulder, which would take him out of action for the next four months. Noyes resigned on 4/64 to become 2nd Lieutenant in the 1st US Volunteers, and by July, he was made Captain and commander of Co. B. The regiment was sent west to guard against Indian uprisings, and Noyes’ company was assigned garrison duty at Fort Rice, Dakota Territory. In the midst of a return from a trip to a nearby river, Noyes was part of a small party that was attacked by Indians on 11/28/64, and he suffered wounds as a result of the fight. Following his time out west, Noyes was discharged on 11/27/65. $250 - $350

274 Lt. Edgar H. McQuigg, 126th New York Infantry, WIA Gettysburg, CDV Anonymous carte of Edgar H. McQuigg, autographed on verso. McQuigg enlisted as a Corporal and was mustered into Co. C, 126th New York Infantry on 8/62. Less than one month later, he was taken prisoner at Harper’s Ferry, VA, on September 15, but within a day, he was paroled. The following summer, the 126th NY was heavily engaged in battle at Gettysburg, and on 7/3/63, McQuigg was one of 181 soldiers wounded in action. The 126th NY went on to see action at several battles, including Bristoe Station and Spotsylvania.

McQuigg transferred into the Veteran Reserve Corps, 24th Regiment on 6/64, but his date of discharge is unknown. $250 - $350

SEE DETAILED DESCRIPTIONS, ADDITIONAL PHOTOGRAPHS AND CONDITION REPORTS OF ALL LOTS AT COWANS.COM

275 Pvt. James Flanagan, 19th Massachusetts Infantry, WIA Antietam, DOW Spotsylvania, CDV Carte de visite of James Flanagan, with period id on verso and the quote, “God rest his soul,” as well as T.R. Burnham’s Boston, MA imprint. Flanagan, an 18-year-old shoemaker, enlisted and was mustered into Co. E, 19th Massachusetts Infantry on 8/61, but was wounded at Antietam, MD on 9/62 and discharged for wounds on 4/63. After mustering into Co E, 19th MA again on 1/64, Flanagan was wounded at Spotsylvania Court House, VA on 5/64 and he died of wounds on 5/20/64. $250 - $350

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THE CIVIL WAR | CDVs | Union | Officers & Enlisted Men 276 General Robert Anderson’s Nephew, Bvt. Major William Pope Anderson, Civil War CDVs as Sergeant, 6th Ohio Infantry, Plus Wedding Photo Lot of 2 CDVs of William Pope Anderson, nephew of General Robert Anderson, including a seated studio portrait of Anderson as a sergeant in the 6th Ohio Infantry, fully outfitted with gear, plus a wedding photograph of Anderson as captain and assistant adjutant general with his wife dressed in her wedding gown and a large American flag draped behind them. Latter carte with the backmark of Hoag & Quicks, Cincinnati. This is one of only two or three uniformed wedding photographs that we have encountered in nearly 20 years of business.

William Pope Anderson (1840-1897) enlisted as a corporal in his hometown of Cincinnati on 4/21/61, and mustered into Co. A, 6th OVI. He was promoted twice with his first three-and-a-half months of service and served as a second lieutenant during the 6th’s service at Shiloh and Corinth before earning a commission as captain in the Adjutant Generals Department on 11/28/62. Pope resigned 3/18/64, and was honored with a brevet to major in the omnibus awards of 1865. $500 - $700

277 Scarce CDVs of Kansas Jayhawker Charles “Doc” Jennison Lot of 3, including a heavily trimmed G.B. & J.L. Collins, Leavenworth, KS carte of Charles Jennison in his trapper outfit, leaning against a lever action rifle; an anonymous carte of a seated Jennison in his nonregulation uniform with a partial signature beneath the portrait, verso with penciled identification, Colonel C. Jennison, 7th Kansas Vol. Cav.; and an R. Stevenson & Co., Leavenworth, KS CDV of an older Jennison, ink signed on recto J.C. Jennison Leavenworth, Kan. Charles R. Jennison (1834-1884) was a radical Unionist «jayhawker» who was closely identified with the Border Wars and led many raids against pro-slavery settlers along the Kansas-Missouri border. During the Civil War, he served as Lieutenant Colonel leading the 7th Kansas Cavalry, better known as «Jennison’s Jayhawkers.” The 7th was a marauding outfit of fiery anti-slavery principles that brought the merciless, no-holds-barred offensive style learned during the Bleeding Kansas years to the Civil War. Jennison later led the 15th Regiment against Sterling Price.

The Rick Mach Collection of Civil War & Western Photography $800 - $1,200

278 Senator and General James Henry Lane, Album Containing Assembled Group of CDVs CDV album containing 8 CDVs of James Henry Lane (1814-1866), the Union brigadier general famous for his actions in Kansas, as described in the following lot, and the only sitting US Senator to serve as general during the war. Lane was elected one of Kansas’ first two senators upon the state’s admission to the Union in 1861, and was reelected in 1865, but committed suicide before serving any of the second term, apparently due to depression brought on by previous war injuries, a falling out with the Radical Republicans, and financial problems.

Cartes include two identical poses of Lane wearing a top hat and ribbons, armed with a rifle and sword, and six different poses in civilian dress, one of which is autographed in the recto margin. Publishers include E. Anthony, E. & H.T. Anthony/M. Brady, C.D. Fredericks, A.C. Nichols of Leavenworth, KS, and J.E. Tilton of Boston. Album is pressed leather with brass clasps, with space for 20 cartes.

The Rick Mach Collection of Civil War & Western Photography $1,000 - $1,500

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THE CIVIL WAR | CDVs | Union | Officers & Enlisted Men

279 Extremely Rare James Henry Lane Frontier Guard Signed Certificate Specially printed discharge for Oscar Adrian Hale, a member of James Lane’s Frontier Guards. 8.5 x 14.75 in. (sight), framed and glazed. Signed by Lane and witnessed by J.B. Stockton, 2nd Lieut.

Printed signatures of Simon Cameron and Abraham Lincoln, as well as another of Lane’s. Wonderful document with an engraving of the White House at top and geometric border around the whole.

In one of those seldom reported events of the Civil War, James H. Lane of Kansas formed a purely volunteer group made up largely of Kansas men - from senators and house members, job seekers, clerks and ordinary folks. Kansas had just been admitted to the Union on 29 January 1861, and many Jayhawkers were in Washington for various reasons. A similar company, “Clay Guards,” was formed by Cassius Clay of Kentucky.

Several “real” militia units were headed to Washington from New York and Pennsylvania, but when the 6th Massachusetts was attacked in Baltimore, and rumors started trickling in that Washington would be attacked and the President held hostage, the government decided to err on the side of safety. Lane had offered a small force to guard the President on his trip from Illinois to the capital, an offer that was politely declined. However, this new threat was more serious, and Washington was caught between Virginia, which seceded on April 17, and Maryland, which was in upheaval and looked as if it would also secede. Word was sent to James Lane in Willard’s Hotel, where he

had taken up residence, from General Winfield Scott and Secretary of War, Simon Cameron. Lane sent runners to rally his men, and they marched down Pennsylvania Avenue to the White House, where they bivouacked in the East Room. There are numerous descriptions of that surreal scene in contemporary newspapers - armed men, and a motley group at that, arms stacked down the center of the room, with men sleeping on the velvet carpet along either wall, gas chandeliers overhead. Sentinels walking the room reportedly would not even allow the President and First Lady to enter.

By April 27, several state militias had arrived in Washington. Lane wrote to Secretary of War Cameron requesting authority to disband the Guard and honorably discharge its members given the number of troops that were then in the city. Cameron concurred, and the Frontier Guard ceased to exist, barely 10 days after it formed.

Since they served without pay, they were never mustered into Federal service, and thus no roll of members was ever written down. The numbers of men in the unit is generally thought to have been about 120 (some have claimed as many as 200, but the former seems more reasonable given the circumstances). Probably less than half of those are known. Lane decided that even though his men received no compensation, they would at least be received by the President and receive a discharge. This is the result of that decision.

An extremely rare item, since fewer than 150 were probably ever printed.

The Rick Mach Collection of Civil War & Western Photography $2,000 - $4,000

SEE DETAILED DESCRIPTIONS, ADDITIONAL PHOTOGRAPHS AND CONDITION REPORTS OF ALL LOTS AT COWANS.COM

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THE CIVIL WAR | CDVs | Confederate | Officers & Enlisted Men 281 Robert E. Lee, CDV as Lt. Gen. by Vannerson & Jones, 1864 Full length pose from the session with photographer Julian Vannerson in Richmond in 1864. Verso with imprint of Vannerson & Jones and affixed with a two cent revenue stamp canceled June 25, 1865. $600 - $800

280 Jefferson Davis and Wife, Three CDVs by Vannerson & Jones Lot of 3, including two vignettes of Jefferson Davis, both with the backmark of Vannerson & Jones, Richmond, VA, and affixed with revenue stamps canceled June 15, and October 2, 1865, and a vignette of Mrs. Jefferson Davis (Varina Banks Howell Davis), with 1866 copyright to James K. Caskie and For the Benefit of the Hollywood Memorial Association imprinted on recto and the imprint of Vannerson & Co. on verso. The Hollywood Memorial Association was a Richmond chapter of the Ladies’ Memorial Association, an organization of Southern women who raised money and devoted their time in order to arrange proper burials for Confederate soldiers killed in the war. $300 - $500

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282 CSA General, John Hunt Morgan, CDVs, Including Scarce Portrait in Top Hat, Plus Lot of 3, including: extremely scarce albumen CDV of John Hunt Morgan wearing a top hat, with E. Anthony backmark; lithographed CDV of Morgan in uniform, also by Anthony. The consignor relates that this view comes from the personal album of Bennett Young, one of Morgan’s Men who was captured in the raid.

Plus, August 25, 1862 printing of the Cincinnati Daily Gazette, a rare Copperhead newspaper, which outlines many of Morgan’s personal movements. Morgan’s own comments are also published in this issue. $600 - $800

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283 Col. John S. Mosby, Rare CDV Pose by Vannerson & Jones CDV portrait of Colonel John S. Mosby, with Vannerson & Jones, Richmond, VA backmark. To our knowledge, this is a previously unknown image of the famous Confederate colonel known as the “Gray Ghost.” Mosby wears a gray frock coat with elaborate “chicken guts” on the lower sleeves and holds his ubiquitous plumbed hat that imbued his cavalier persona. $700 - $900

284 CSA Captain Henry Connor MacLaughlin, CDV, Plus Carte by C.C. Giers, Nashville, TN, with enlargement instructions on verso. Henry Connor MacLaughlin (1833-1870) was the editor of the Mississippi Conservative in Vicksburg when he enlisted in that city on 4/10/61. Having earlier served as a captain in the Tennessee Militia, he was initially given the rank of brevet lieutenant and standard bearer but was soon transferred from the Vicksburg Company to the Quitman Light Artillery out of Jackson. Several other attachments followed, and he was at one point first corporal of Co. I, 36th Georgia, which later became the 1st Confederate Infantry, and a first lieutenant, captain, and brevet major in J.F. Kerr’s Co. of Mississippi Artillery. MacLaughlin and his brother, Alexander, were both captured near Nashville on 12/16/64, and sent to Camp Chase in Columbus, OH, but both escaped any injury during the course of the war. After the war he returned to the newspaper business, working for the Nashville Daily Gazette, the Memphis Daily Bulletin, before becoming publisher and editor of the Murfreesboro Monitor. Lot accompanied by 3pp family history and biography compiled by his great-granddaughter. $500 - $700

THE CIVIL WAR | CDVs | Confederate | Officers & Enlisted Men

285 Civil War CDV of Confederate Prisoners at the Ohio Penitentiary on their Way to Dinner Scarce CDV showing Confederate prisoners at the Ohio Penitentiary in Columbus, OH, titled on verso, Prisoners in the Ohio Penitentiary on their way to dinner, with Wm. Olroyd, Columbus, OH backmark. This outdoor view was produced around the same period of time that John Hunt Morgan and his men were imprisoned at the penitentiary. $400 - $600

286 Civil War, Crime & Punishment CDV, Escaped Prisoners Wearing Barrels, Point Lookout, Maryland Very rare CDV of four men wearing barrels for punishment, surrounded by at least three armed soldiers. The offender at left has a sign reading THIEF attached to his barrel and another larger sign hangs from the back of another, but the text is too faint to make out.

A complementary image, showing the same group turned around and looking away from the camera, is published in Fighting For Time: Image of War, 1861-1865, Vol. IV, p. 430, which identifies the image as being made by Morrow at the Union camp at Point Lookout, MD, which held some 50,000 Confederate prisoners and had a reputation of extreme cruelty among Union prison camps. $800 - $1,200

THE CIVIL WAR | CDVs & Albums

287 Civil War-Era CDV, Northern Militiamen Outside Tent with Plaque Marked Ku Klux Klan, Ca 1860s CDV by Camp of Hartford, CT, showing three men posed in front of a tent bearing sign painted Ku Klux Klan. The two men at right wear military uniforms while the man at right wears civilian clothing and a military kepi. Inside the tent is a table set up as a bar, with drink glasses and several bottles of alcohol.

Unfortunately, we have no other information regarding this unusual photograph. $800 - $1,200

288 Civil War-Period CDVs of Charleston, South Carolina Ruins Lot of 2 war-date CDVs capturing the aftermath of the 1861 fire in Charleston, SC, each with J.T. Reading & Co., Savannah, GA backmark.

The first view shows the “Sister Churches,” the Unitarian Church and St. John Lutheran Church, following the great fire, and the second view captures the ruins of St. Finbar’s Cathedral from Friend Street. Similar views are pictured in Jack Thomson’s book, Charleston at War, on pages 53 and 66 respectively. $400 - $600

SEE DETAILED DESCRIPTIONS, ADDITIONAL PHOTOGRAPHS AND CONDITION REPORTS OF ALL LOTS AT COWANS.COM

289 Civil War CDV of Fort McAllister, Savannah, Georgia CDV showing the earthworks of Fort McAllister in the background and the chevaux-de-frise in front. With Sam A. Cooley, Photographer, Tenth Army Corps backmark, listing locations in Hilton Head, Folly Island, and Beaufort, SC as well as Jacksonville, FL. A desirable CDV of Fort McAllister, the ground over which Sherman’s Army charged. $200 - $300

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290 New Hampshire Regimental Battle Flags, Collection of 52 CDVs

by Kimball & Sons Exceptionally rare collection of 52 cartes de visite featuring views of battle flags from 18 different New Hampshire Regiments, taken by Kimball & Sons, Concord, NH, and entered according to act of Congress in 1866. Each carte glued down on sheet of cardboard. With printed caption below each view identifying the regiment with which each flag is associated, including the following New Hampshire Regiments: 1st NH Vol. Cav. (4); 1st NH Heavy Artillery (3); 1st NH Vol. Inf. (2); 2nd NH Vol. Inf. (2); 3rd NH Vol. Inf. (3); 4th NH Vol. Inf. (2): 5th NH Vol. Inf. (2); 6th NH Vol. Inf. (6); 7th NH Vol. Inf. (5); 9th NH Vol. Inf. (5); 10th NH Vol. Inf. (2); 11th NH Vol. Inf. (3); 12th NH Vol. Inf. (4); 13th NH Vol. Inf. (2); 14th NH Vol. Inf. (2); 15th NH Vol. Inf. (2); 16th NH Vol. Inf. (2); 18th NH Vol. Inf. (1).

Highlighted regiments from the collection include: 1st NH Volunteer Cavalry: Fought at Hanover Courthouse, Cold Harbor, White Oak Swamp, Ream’s Station, Winchester, Opequan, and Cedar Creek.

2nd NH Volunteer Infantry: Longest-serving volunteer regiment from New Hampshire, led by Col. Gilman Marston, future US Congressman.

The 2nd NH fought from First Bull Run through the occupation of Richmond, suffering heavy casualties at Gettysburg and Cold Harbor.

4th NH Volunteer Infantry: Served in Dept of. the South then joined the AOP for the Overland Campaign in 1864, where it lost heavily.

5th NH Volunteer Infantry: Holds the distinction of having “sustained the greatest loss in battle of any infantry or cavalry regiment in the Union Army” with 1,051 killed and wounded (See Fox, Regimental Losses).

11th NH Volunteer Infantry: Saw action at Battle of Fredericksburg and the siege of Petersburg. Future Governor of New Hampshire, Walter Harriman, was among its notable officers.

12th NH Volunteer Infantry: Heavily engaged during the war, including Fredericksburg, Chancellorsville, and Gettysburg.

13th NH Volunteer Infantry: The regiment was part of the 9th Corps engaged at Fredericksburg, later seeing action at Drewry’s Bluff, Bermuda Hundred, Cold Harbor, the Siege of Petersburg including the Mine Explosion and the capture and defense of Fort Harrison while attached to the 18th Corps, Army of the James. The 13th NH held the honor of being the first white regiment to march into the ruined Confederate Capital.

16th NH Volunteer Infantry: Spending its term of service in Louisiana, the 16th NH’s most notable participation was at Port Hudson where they were present until the surrender on July 9th, 1863.

An uncommon and highly desirable group of cartes de visite! $25,000 - $35,000

SEE DETAILED DESCRIPTIONS, ADDITIONAL PHOTOGRAPHS AND CONDITION REPORTS OF ALL LOTS AT COWANS.COM

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THE CIVIL WAR | CDVs & Albums 291 Civil War CDV Album of Soldiers of the 28th Massachusetts Volunteers, Plus Lot of 12, including 10 CDVs of soldiers of the 28th Massachusetts Infantry and two administrative documents related to the regiment.

Cartes include: Capt. Sam Moore, Co. E, a bookbinder from South Boston, carte in civilian dress; Capt. James McArdle, Cos. E & A, transferred to the 56th Mass. in January 1864, WIA Sept. 1, 1862, at Chantilly, and also during the Wilderness Campaign (date not stated), a teamster from Boston, carte in uniform, signed in the recto margin; Capt. Benjamin Franklin Weeks, also served as commissary and quartermaster, received brevet to major after the war, carte in uniform; Surgeon Patrick A. O’Connell, previous service as assistant surgeon in the 9th Mass., taken POW Aug. 30, 1862, at Second Bull Run, received brevet to lieutenant colonel after the war, carte in uniform, signed on verso; 1st Lieut. James O’Keefe, Co. H, promoted to captain July 1862, previous service in 3rd Mass. Rifles, a “gentleman” from Worcester, carte in uniform; Pvt. Jeremiah S. Murphy, Co. D, KIA June 18, 1862, at James Island, SC, a shoemaker from Boston, carte in civilian dress, signed on the print; Pvt. Samuel A. Chapman (listed on some rolls as Champman), Cos. I & E, WIA May 5, 1864, at Wilderness, a laborer from Boston, just 18 at enlistment, carte by Philp & Solomon, Washington, in military jacket, signed on verso; and three cartes of James Fleming, a 19-year-old upholsterer at enlistment who rose from first sergeant to lieutenant colonel, WIA three times, Dec. 13, 1862 at Fredericksburg, May 18, 1864 at Spotsylvania, and March 25, 1865, at Hatcher’s Run, two cartes in uniform and one in civilian dress, all possibly signed on verso.

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Documents include a List of Stores Received (Form No. 27), dated Sept. 15, 1863 at Bealton, VA, for a hospital tent, signed by the aforementioned Lieut. Benj. F. Weeks, and a Special Requisition (Form No. 40), dated Jan. 1864, at Stevensberg, VA, for clothing, blankets, axes, and a drum head, signed by two officers who would die within five months, Capt. James A. McIntire (WIA Sept. 1, 1862 at Chantilly and KIA May 5, 1864 at Wilderness) and Col. Commanding Richard Byrnes (WIA at Cold Harbor June 3, 1864 and DOW nine days later in Washington). $1,000 - $1,500

292 Civil War CDV Album Featuring Union Generals & Officers of the 39th Illinois Volunteers Album containing 25 CDVs, including Union Generals and identified members of the 39th Illinois Infantry, the majority with Brady or E. & H.T. Anthony backmarks.

In descending order of highest attained rank, the subjects from the 39th IL identified in period ink include: Outdoor view of Thomas Osborn as Colonel of the 39th IL, who was later brevetted Brig. Gen. on 3/65, and Maj. Gen. on 5/65, WIA Drewry’s Bluff, VA 5/64; outdoor view of Maj. S.S. Linton; Capt. Adolphus B. Hoffman, autographed on verso; Capt. Joseph Woodruff, KIA at Morris Island, SC 9/23/63; outdoor view of Hospital Steward, Dr. Anthony DeNormandie; outdoor view of 2nd Lieut. John Frame; outdoor view of 2nd Lieut.

James Burrill.

The album also contains images of the following Union Generals: Henry Washington Benham; John Buford; Napoleon B. Buford; Quincy Adams Gillmore; two views of U.S. Grant; Joseph Hooker; August Kautz; John Logan; George McClellan; George Meade; standing figure tentatively identified as George W. Morgan; Thomas Seymour, career soldier who fought in the Mexican War and Civil War, commanding Union Troops at the Battle of Olustee, the largest Civil War battle fought in Florida; Orlando Willcox; standing view of officer identified as Col. Homer Bostwick; carte of Pennsylvania private identified as George Flouck (?); Fredricks & Co. carte of Jefferson Davis; and patriotic carte featuring oval portraits of Presidents Lincoln and Washington.

One of the few Illinois regiments to serve in the eastern theater, the 39th IL, nicknamed “Yates Phalanx,” was initially attached to the Dept. of West Virginia and briefly the Army of the Potomac (2nd, 5th, 4th Corps) where it was detached to Valley operations fighting at 10 of 25

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THE CIVIL WAR | CDVs & Albums Winchester. After a short spell at Suffolk with the 7th Corps the 39th was then assigned to the Dept. of the South joining in January 1863.

Thereafter, the regiment served successively in the 18th, 10th, and 24th Corps participating in the assault on Morris Island and the siege of Forts Wagner and Gregg during the summer of 1863.

The 39th IL’s crowning glory came on April 2, 1865 during the attack on Fort Gregg described as “the key to the works about Petersburg and Richmond.” The 39th displayed extraordinary gallantry in this charge across an open field completely covered “from the front and a raking cross fire from each side” being “the first to plant its colors upon the works.” The regiment was presented with “a magnificent brazen eagle, cast for the purpose” by corps commander Major General John Gibbon.

The regiment participated in the Appomattox campaign and witnessed the surrender of the Army of Northern Virginal being specially detailed to “guard over the camps and baggage of the conquered army.” The 39th IL mustered out on December 12, 1865, formally turning over to the State Adjutant General its “battle torn flags” including the presentation eagle won at Ft. Gregg. $1,000 - $2,000 8 of 25

293 CDV Album of Union Generals, Identified to QM Sgt. Benj. F. Shepard, 96th Illinois A simple leather wallet-style CDV album containing 16 cartes, penciled on the inside cover Benj. F. Shepard / QM Serg’t 96th Ill. Reg’t / Warren, Lake Co., Ill. Shepard’s small collection of wartime CDVs includes: Maj. Gen. Alexander McDowell McCook, by Brady; Maj. Gen. George Henry Thomas, by A.S. Morse of Nashville, TN; an as-yetunidentified major general, by Wenderoth & Taylor of Philadelphia; a group of seven officers posed on Lookout Mountain, by Army of the Tennessee photographers Taylor & Seavey; a Taylor & Seavey view of the courthouse at Huntsville, AL; two views of the springs at Huntsville, by Armstead & Taylor of Corinth, MS; albumen carte by J. Carbutt, Chicago, of a lithograph of the Main Building of the Great Northwestern Sanitary Fair; copy carte of Gen. Rosecrans by C.D. Fredericks; albumen cartes based on engravings or drawings of Gens.

Grant, Sherman, Sheridan, and two others; chromolithographed carte of Old Abe the War Eagle; and a CDV-sized tintype of an unidentified man in a coat and hat.

Benjamin F. Shepard enlisted as quartermaster sergeant of the 96th Illinois on Aug. 11, 1862 and served in that capacity through the end of the war. His regiment was initially ordered to the Defense of Cincinnati, and in early 1863 was assigned to the Army of the Cumberland and sent to Nashville, TN. They spent the entire war in Tennessee and northwestern Georgia, participating in the battles at Chickamauga, Lookout Mountain, Missionary Ridge, Resaca, Kennesaw Mountain, Jonesboro, Franklin, and Nashville. By the time they mustered out at Nashville, June 10, 1865, five officers and 111 enlisted men had been killed in action or died of their wounds, and another 125 had died of disease. $800 - $1,200

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THE CIVIL WAR | CDVs & Albums 294 Civil War CDV Album of Soldiers of the 49th Pennsylvania Volunteers Small pressed-paper CDV album containing 12 cartes, of which seven are of soldiers of the 49th Pennsylvania Infantry, identified on the album pages, including: Asst. Surgeon Jonathan F. Huber (later surgeon 50th PA,131st PA, and US Medical Staff, received brevet to lieutenant colonel in March 1865); Chaplain William Earnshaw (resigned to become hospital chaplain, served as national chaplainin-chief of the GAR 1871-1872 and national commander-in-chief 1879-1880); Capt. Calvin DeWitt (subsequent service as surgeon); Capt. Andrew S. Davidson; Capt. & Adj. Capt. Mattias Neice; a man identified as Lt. Col. Smith (no record of a Smith of that rank in the 49th PA); plus a portrait autographed on verso A.P. Eastlake(?) / Pay Dept. USA; engravings of Gen. Winfield Scott Hancock and 6th Maine commander Col. Hiram Burnham; and three portraits of women and children.

The 49th Pennsylvania organized in September 1861 and saw its first significant action when it joined the Peninsula Campaign the following spring, participating in the Siege of Yorktown and the fighting at Williamsburg and the Seven Days Battles. Those were only the first of a long list of notable engagements, including Antietam, Fredericksburg, Gettysburg (four companies participated as part of the 3rd Brig., 1st Div., XI Corps), Wilderness, Spotsylvania, Cold Harbor, Petersburg, and Winchester, among others, and the unit was present at Appomattox for Lee’s surrender. All told, they lost 91 KIA, 58 DOW, 333 WIA, and 173 DOD. $500 - $700

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295 Civil War, Confederate Virginia CDV Album Civil War-period album of the Houston Family of Lexington and Rockbridge County, VA, containing 31 CDVs, many of the subjects identified, 4 of which relate to the Confederacy, Washington College, or the Virginia Military Institute.

Highlights from the album include: Boude & Miley, Lexington, VA portrait of William George White (1811-1888) Lexington, VA, identified as Uncle White. White was a merchant and store-keeper who sold goods to soldiers passing through Lexington during the war. He was a Pall Bearer at General Robert E. Lee’s Funeral.

Boude & Miley carte of William Houston White, identified as Cousin Will White, wearing his Confederate uniform with CSA buttons removed as required after the surrender. The son of William George White, William H. White was a student at Washington College 186364. On April 16, 1864 (at age 17), he enrolled in “The Boy Company” [Rockbridge County Junior Reserve] and when he turned 18, he enlisted in the 1st Company Rockbridge Artillery. White surrendered with that unit at Appomattox.

Anonymous carte of Captain Thomas Dix Houston (1842-1900), identified as Judge Tom Houston. A Rockbridge County, VA native, Houston enlisted in Co. G of the 4th Alabama Regiment in the spring of 1861. While in the brigade of General Bee, he participated in 1st Manassas. At the reorganization at Yorktown in the spring of 1862, Houston joined the 11th Virginia Regiment and was elected 2nd Lieutenant, then 1st Lieutenant. As part of Pickett’s Division, he took part in several battles, including Gettysburg, where Houston was wounded and captured in Pickett’s Charge. He was one of

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four brothers wounded or killed in the Battle of Gettysburg. Houston was subsequently captured and confined at Johnson’s Island, Ohio, until March, 1865. Following the war, he attended Washington College from 1866-1867 and obtained a law degree. He was later elected judge of Botetourt County, VA, and was also nominated to run for Congress.

Boude & Miley CDV of James W. Massie, a math professor at Virginia Military Institute from 1849-1871. He graduated from VMI in 1847. During the Civil War, Massie served with the 51st Virginia Infantry Regiment. $600 - $800

THE CIVIL WAR | Cabinet Cards 296 Cabinet Card of Armed, African American Civil War Soldier Identified as John Joss, 25th USCT Post-Civil War albumen cabinet photograph by Steinman, Philadelphia, which appears to be a copy shot, of an armed African American soldier of the United States Colored Troops, posed with his companion in front of a patriotic military camp backdrop. The consignor relates that the soldier has been identified as John Joss of the 25th USCT. Joss was a private in Co. E and his plaque, located at the African American Civil War Memorial, is numbered B-41. $300 - $500

297 Captain George Todd, Quantrill Raider, Cabinet Photograph Cabinet card with Orris Hunt/ Palace/ R.R. Photo Car. imprint, and penciled identification on verso: Uncle George Tod [sic] / Quantrelle’s [sic] first Lt. This image, likely a copy of a tintype, shows Todd clad in a Union second Lieutenant’s frock coat; Todd, like many of Quantrill’s men, routinely wore Federal jackets, and it is appropriate that he is shown in this image wearing a second lieutenant’s coat, the rank he held until promoted to Captain by Quantrill. He holds a soft hat with what appears to be a large plume in his lap, a high-topped boot clearly visible on one of his crossed legs.

Along with William “Bloody Bill” Anderson, George Todd was one of William Clarke Quantrill’s most trusted officers. He was present at the Lawrence, KS raid, and according to most accounts, received the lion’s share of the money taken during looting.

After Quantrill’s men drifted back into Missouri in 1864, Todd had a falling out with Quantrill over a game of cards. Quantrill accused Todd of cheating, drew on him, and was beaten by the quicker Todd.

Humiliated, Quantrill left his band, and rejoined shortly before the ill-fated assault on Fayette, MO where the guerrillas attacked a heavily fortified blockhouse - against Quantrill’s strong objections. After Fayette, Quantrill left again, never to return. Anderson and Todd were now the leaders of the bushwackers and during the summer of 1864 terrorized west-central Missouri. Todd was present, but apparently did not take part in the bloody raid on Centralia on September 27, and had no hand in the killing of nearly 150 Federal troops (many in cold blood). He was killed by Federal troops in October 1864. $1,000 - $2,000

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THE CIVIL WAR | Large Format Images

298 General R.E. Lee & Staff, Photograph by Brady Albumen photograph titled Gen. R.E. Lee and Staff, 7.5 x 8.75 in., on printed mount, 10.5 x 13.25 in., with Brady & Co. imprint and 1865 copyright line.

A fine image of the aged General, with his son, General George Washington Custis Lee, on the right and Colonel Walter Taylor on the left, taken at Lee’s Richmond home on Franklin Street in April, 1865, not long after Appomattox. Mathew Brady made six negatives on the occasion, all are seldom encountered. Brady would later recount

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that there was little conversation, though Lee changed his position according to his directions. Lee stares straight into the camera, his eyes hard, his jaw set. Mathew Brady had been present from the first battle of the Civil War at Bull Run until this “final” portrait, which completed his photographic coverage of the war, and this photograph is certainly one of his most celebrated images (See Meredith 1981: 60-65).

Descended Directly in the Family of General Michael Sheridan $8,000 - $10,000

THE CIVIL WAR | Large Format Images 299 General William T. Sherman, Large Format Salt Print Salt print, 14.375 x 17.875 in., mounted, 20.875 x 25.75 in., and placed in a carved wood frame, 30.5 x 36.5 overall. A vignetted salted paper print, inked on the mount General W.T. Sherman. No photographer’s credit, but known to be from a sitting with Mathew Brady ca 1869, after Sherman received his appointment to General of the Army of the United States.

From the Estate of Kenneth Erwin, Portland, Michigan $1,500 - $2,500

300 Civil War Photograph of the Marshall House, Alexandria, Virginia, Signed by Elmer Ellsworth’s Avenger, Frances Brownell Albumen, 9.75 x 15.5 in., on 12 x 17.25 in. mount with printed title, Marshall House, Alexandria./ Rendered memorable by the death of Col. Ellsworth at the hands of Jackson, the proprietor, after the capture of the secession flag. Photographed by A.A. Turner, published by D. Appleton & Co., 1861. Albumen autographed in lower right corner, To my friend Chadwick/ with my best wishes/ Frank E. Brownell U.S.A. With printed, descriptive label affixed on mount verso.

A fabulous view of soldiers and civilians standing outside the famous Marshall House hotel, taken soon after Col. Elmer Ellsworth, leader of the New York Fire Zouaves, was killed by the proprietor, James Jackson, when Ellsworth tore down the Confederate flag flying from its roof on May 24, 1861. The photograph bears the signature of “Ellsworth’s Avenger,” Francis E. Brownell (1840-1894), who slayed his colonel’s murderer on the stairs of the Marshall House. As a result of his actions, Brownell later received the Medal of Honor and became a self-appointed custodian of Ellsworth memorabilia. An autographed CDV of Brownell is listed as Lot 351 in this auction. $2,500 - $3,500

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THE CIVIL WAR | Large Format Images 301 Alexander Gardner, Albumen Photograph, Scouts and Guides to the Army of the Potomac Albumen, 7.75 x 10 in., not marked or mounted but originally taken by Alexander Gardner, 1862.

This photograph, titled Scouts and Guides to the Army of the Potomac, Berlin, MD, October, 1862, was plate 28 of the 100 published in Gardner’s Photographic Sketch Book of the Civil War. A fine, outdoor view capturing a large group of rough and tumble characters, some in uniform, that scouted for the Union Army throughout the war. $500 - $700

302 Brigadier General Manning Force, Two Albumen Staff Portraits Lot of 2 signed albumen photographs, each a 5.25 x 7.25 in. oval albumen print on an 8 x 10 in. mount, one with the blindstamp of Webster & Bro. / Louisville, and two two-cent revenue stamps on verso. Both photographs feature Brigadier General Manning F. Force surrounded by members of his staff, all of whom have autographed the mount with their name and rank.

The smaller group includes, from left to right: G.C.U.(?) Craton (?) / Lieut. & A.A.Q.M.; O. Greenough (?) / Lieut. and A.D.C.; M.F. Force, who has signed as Brig. Gen.; and Sam’l R. Adams / Lieut. & A.D.C. The larger group includes, from left to right: Albert Rochne(?) / Cptn & Div Insp; E.B. Boyd / Capt and D.Q.M.; M.F. Force, who has signed as Brevet Major Gen.; Henry O. Durgher(?) / Lt. and A.D.C.; William H[???] / Capt. & Judge Advocate; Saml. R. Adams / Capt. & A.A.G.; [???] Carr / Capt. & A.Q.M.; and F.M. Rose / Surg. in chief.

Manning Ferguson Force (1824-1829) was a graduate of both Harvard College and Harvard Law School, practicing law in Cincinnati from 1849 until the outbreak of the war, when he enlisted as a major in the 20th OVI. He was quickly promoted to lieutenant colonel and served with Gen. Grant at Fort Donelson and Shiloh, earning another promotion to colonel of the 20th OVI by May 1862. Continuing on with Grant through West Tennessee and Mississippi, he served with distinction during the Siege of Vicksburg, and was promoted yet again to brigadier general of volunteers on Aug. 11, 1863. Gen. Force was given command of a brigade under Sherman during the Atlanta campaign and the March to the Sea, during which he was severely wounded in the face and received a brevet to major general and in 1892 was awarded the Medal of Honor for special gallantry (in the later photograph as brevet major general, upon close examination, one can discern the large scar and discoloration of Force’s left cheek, which he wore for the rest of his life). After being given charge of a military district in Mississippi in the immediate aftermath of the war, he returned to Cincinnati and served as a judge for the next 20 years, and upon his retirement became superintendent of the Soldiers’ Home in Sandusky, OH, where he died at the age of 74. Force was the author of numerous historical and biographical works on the Civil War and other topics, and a member of various academic and cultural societies. As a founding member and sponsor of the Cincinnati Zoo, Cincinnati Museum Association, and the College-Conservatory of Music, his influence in Cincinnati is still evident today. $1,500 - $2,500 124

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THE CIVIL WAR | Large Format Images 303 Civil War Albumen Photograph of 45th Massachusetts Staff Officers Near the Neuse River, New Bern, North Carolina Oval, albumen photograph capturing officers and other staff members of the 45th Massachusetts Infantry situated near the Neuse River, New Bern, NC, 8.5 x 10.75 in., attractively matted and housed in decorative frame, 17 x 20.75 in. Featuring the following figures, identified from left to right: unidentified horse handler; Asst. Surgeon Joshua B. Treadwell; Chaplain Andrew L. Stone; Col. Charles Codman; Quartermaster 1st Lt. Francis A. Dewson; Surgeon Samuel Kneeland; Maj. Russell Sturgis, Jr.; Lt. Col. Oliver W. Peabody; Adj. 1st. Lt. Gershom C. Winsor; unidentified horse handler.

The 45th Massachusetts, a nine-month regiment, which was organized in the fall of 1862, constituted part of the garrison at New Bern, NC, with Company G detached to nearby Fort Macon. The 45th saw action at Kingston on December 14, 1862, losing 15 killed and 43 wounded, and was engaged at Whitehall the next day suffering another 20 casualties.

During the winter and spring, the 45th Massachusetts was employed on several scouts and expeditions and saw action at Core Creek on April 28, losing one killed and four wounded storming a Confederate fortification. $500 - $700

THE CIVIL WAR | Major General Thomas H. Ruger Collection

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304 General Thomas H. Ruger Photographic Collection Thomas H. Ruger may not be as familiar as other men who achieved the rank of major general during the Civil War, but few had more distinguished or surprising military careers. Ruger was raised in Janesville, WI, and secured his district’s appointment to West Point through his own initiative, graduating third in the illustrious class of 1854, which produced no fewer than eight Confederate and three Union generals. Though he left the military to pursue a law career in his own state, he immediately volunteered his service when the war broke out and was commissioned lieutenant colonel of 3rd Wisconsin Infantry in April 1861, and by November 1862 found himself promoted to brigadier general. Although his commands suffered heavily opposing Stonewall Jackson’s Valley Campaign of 1862, and Ruger himself was slightly wounded at Antietam, he commanded a brigade of XII Corps in the successful defense of Culp’s Hill at

Gettysburg for which he later received a brevet for gallantry. Ruger’s brigade was immediately sent to New York to help suppress the draft riots, then sent southwest to aid the Atlanta Campaign, where they fought with distinction at Resaca, Kennesaw Mountain, and Atlanta.

Soon after he was given command of 2nd Division, XXIII Corps, under George H. Thomas, where he earned a battlefield brevet to major general for withstanding Gen. Hood’s assaults at Spring Hill.

In Feb. 1865, Ruger reunited with Sherman and served the final months of the war in North Carolina, where he took part in the surrender of Joe Johnston’s forces and was given command of the District of North Carolina, the first of several posts important to the Reconstruction effort, also including the provisional governorship of Georgia and a post in the Freedman’s Bureau in Alabama. His administrative abilities were duly noted and he was given a series of increasingly important positions. Ruger served as Superintendent

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THE CIVIL WAR | Major General Thomas H. Ruger Collection of the the US Military Academy (1871-1876), commanded the Department of the South during the tail end of Reconstruction (18761878), and was in control of the District of Montana and Department of Dakota during the key years of the Late Indian Wars. By the time he reached the statutory retirement age of 64 on the eve of the SpanishAmerican War, he was a full major general and in command of the coveted Department of the East.

The following lots, 304-314, are descended directly in the family of Maj. Gen. Thomas H. Ruger.

Lot of 14, including: 6 x 8 in. albumen vignette portrait of Gen. Ruger, uncredited; cabinet card as brigadier general, by Taber of San Francisco; three-quarter length portrait in brigadier general’s dress uniform, Oct. 6, 1891, by Taber of San Francisco, 5.125 x 8.5 in.; cabinet card by Taber taken May 18, 1893; cabinet card of Ruger as

Superintendent of West Point, 1872, by Warren of Cambridgepoint, MA; cabinet card of Ruger by Howell of New York; CDV of Ruger as brevet major general and military commander of the District of North Carolina, accompanied by a carte of his wife, both by O.J. Smith of Newbern, NC; CDV by Kuhn & Smith of Atlanta, probably during Ruger’s stint as provisional governor; 3.25 x 4.5 in. trimmed cabinet card as Superintendent; portrait as major general, ca Nov. 1895, photo

by Davis & Sanford, New York, 4.375 x 6 in.; group photo of Ruger and his staff at Governor’s Island, NY, ca 1896-1897, 6 x 8 in.; and two companion photographs by A.J. McDonald, San Francisco, each 5.125 x 8.25 in., titled The President, Mrs. Harrison & Party / On the Parapet of Sutro Heights, April 27, 1891, and The Launch of the Monterey / At the Union Iron Works, April 28th, 1891, both groups including Gen. Ruger.

Descended Directly in the Family of General Thomas H. Ruger $1,000 - $1,500

305 George Meade DS Ordering General Thomas Ruger to Assume Military Governorship of Georgia, January, 1868 General orders, No. 8. Headquarters, Third Military District.

(Department of Georgia, Florida & Alabama.) Atlanta, GA, Jan. 13, 1868. Major General George Meade. Signed Geo Meade / A.D.C. Orders removing Charles J. Jenkins, Provisional Governor and John Jones, Provisional Treasurer of Georgia from office. Further, Bvt. Brig. Gen. Thomas H. Ruger is appointed Governor of Georgia, and Bvt. Capt.

Charles F. Rockwell, Treasurer of Georgia. 4 x 6 in. sight (currently framed and glazed, 6.75 x 8.75 in.).

Descended Directly in the Family of General Thomas H. Ruger $400 - $600

306 Civil War Pen and Watercolor Drawing of Plantation House that Served as General Ruger’s Headquarters at the Battle of Franklin, Tennessee Pen and watercolor on paper, titled in the work Hd Qrs, Brig. Gen. T.H. Ruger, Com’d’g 3rd Brig. 1st Div. 12th Corps / Tullahoma, Tenn., 1864.; 8 x 12.25 in., framed, 10 x 14.25 in.

Descended Directly in the Family of General Thomas H. Ruger $200 - $400

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THE CIVIL WAR | Major General Thomas H. Ruger Collection 307 Li Hung Chang, Chinese Diplomat, Politician, & General, 1896 Medal Plus Menus from United States Visit Lot of 5, including silver plated bronze medal commemorating Li Hung Chang’s 1896 visit to Germany, approx. 40mm dia. The obverse features a shoulder-length portrait of Li Hung Chang surrounded

by Chinese characters; reverse reads at center, Zur Erinnerung An Den Besuch Li Hung Chang’s In Deutschland 1896, surrounded by, Die Deutsche Munztechnik/ 24 Juni 1896. Accompanied by small presentation box.

The lot also includes 4 printed items relating to the Tour of his Excellency Li Hung Chang, Ambassador Extraordinary from his Imperial Majesty the Emperor of China to the United States: souvenir booklet, 4.25 x 6.5 in., that outlines members of his party, the Grant Tour itinerary, and a fold-out map of the Viceroy’s tour, dated 1896, printed by Allen, Lane & Scott, Philadelphia; souvenir menu on hard stock, 5 x 6.75 in., from the dinner held in Li Hung Chang’s honor at Delmonico’s, New York City, September 1, 1896, containing place card of one of the guests; souvenir breakfast and dinner menus from the Pennsylvania Railroad on hard stock, each 4.25 x 7 in., dated September 5 and 6, 1896 respectively.

Chinese politician, general, and diplomat of the late Qing Empire, Li Hung Chang (1823-1901) quelled many major rebellions and was best known in the West for his strong abilities as a negotiator as well as his pro-modern stance. In 1896, he toured Europe, Canada, and the United States, where he promoted reform of America’s immigration policies that had restricted Chinese immigration following the Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882. Presumably, General Ruger was involved in the events surrounding Li Hung Chang’s tour through the US. Descended Directly in the Family of General Thomas H. Ruger $500 - $700

308 Thomas H. Ruger Family Jewelry, Including Mrs. Ruger’s Personal Locket Containing Photograph of her Husband, Anna Ruger’s Brooch, & Family Photographs Lot of 13, including: locket with chain that belonged to Thomas Ruger’s wife, Mrs. Helen Moore Ruger, as per consignor, 1 x 1.375 in., containing a photograph of General Ruger most likely taken toward the end of his career, .75 x 1 in.; brooch, 1.25 x 1.5 in., containing two woven braids of hair. Although no written provenance accompanies the brooch, the consignor relates that the family’s oral history identifies the locks of hair as coming from General Ruger and his wife, Helen. The brooch was purportedly owned by Ruger’s daughter, Anna.

The lot also features 11 Ruger family photographs, consisting of 2 CDVs of Anna Ruger; 8 cabinet card portraits of Helen Moore Ruger and her daughters, Helen and Anna; and a 4.5 x 6.25 in. photograph on 7 x 9 in. mount of General and Mrs. Ruger – 1906, seated on their front porch. Each photograph affixed to loose album page and accompanied by manuscript identification.

Descended Directly in the Family of General Thomas H. Ruger $500 - $700

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THE CIVIL WAR | Major General Thomas H. Ruger Collection 309 Franklin Pierce Commission Signed as President, for Thomas H. Ruger, Second Lieutenant, Corps of Engineers, August, 1854 Franklin Pierce. Partially printed document signed. 1p, 11.75 x 15.75 in. (sight), on vellum, with embossed seal, affixed upper left. Washington, August 14, 1854. Appointment of Thomas H. Ruger as Brevet Second Lieutenant in the Corps of Engineers. Signed by Franklin Pierce (18041869) as President (1853-1857), and Jefferson Davis (1808-1889), as Secretary of War (1853-1857). Matted and framed, 17 x 21 in.

Descended Directly in the Family of General Thomas H. Ruger $600 - $800

310 Abraham Lincoln Commission Signed as President, for Thomas H. Ruger, Brigadier General, April, 1863 Abraham Lincoln. Partially printed document signed. 1p, 13 x 17 in. (sight), on vellum, with embossed seal, affixed upper left. Washington, April 4, 1863. Appointment of Thomas H. Ruger as Brigadier General of Volunteers. Signed by Abraham Lincoln (1809-1865) as President (1861-1865), and Edwin M. Stanton (1814-1869), as Secretary of War (1862-1868). Matted and framed, 17 x 21 in.

Descended Directly in the Family of General Thomas H. Ruger $3,000 - $5,000

311 Andrew Johnson Commission Signed as President, for Thomas H. Ruger, Major General, May, 1865, Plus Stamped Commission Lot of 2: Andrew Johnson. Partially printed document signed. 1p, 13.25 x 16.75 in. (sight), on vellum, with embossed seal, affixed upper left. Washington, May 6, 1865. Appointment of Thomas H. Ruger as Major General by brevet for gallant and meritorious services in the battle of Franklin, Tennessee. Signed by Andrew Johnson (1808-1875) as President (1865-1869), and Edwin M. Stanton (1814-1869), as Secretary of War (1862-1868).

Partially printed document stamped. 1p, 13.25 x 17.25 in. (sight), on vellum, with embossed seal, affixed upper left. Washington, April 8, 1867. Appointment of Ruger as Brigadier General by brevet for gallant and meritorious services in the battle of Gettysburg, Pennsylvania.

Stamped by Johnson as President and Stanton as Secretary of War. Each matted and framed, 17 x 21 in.

Descended Directly in the Family of General Thomas H. Ruger $600 - $800

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THE CIVIL WAR | Major General Thomas H. Ruger Collection

312 Grover Cleveland Commission Signed as President, for Thomas H. Ruger, Brigadier General, April, 1886 Grover Cleveland. Partially printed document signed. 1p, 13.25 x 17 in. (sight), on vellum, with embossed seal, affixed lower left. Washington, April 19, 1886. Appointment of Thomas H. Ruger as Brigadier General.

Signed by Grover Cleveland (1837-1908) as President (1885-1889), and William C. Endicott (1826-1900), as Secretary of War (1885-1889).

Matted and framed, 17 x 21 in.

Descended Directly in the Family of General Thomas H. Ruger $500 - $700

313 Grover Cleveland Commission Signed as President, for Thomas H. Ruger, Major General, February, 1895 Grover Cleveland. Partially printed document signed. 1p, 13.25 x 17 in. (sight), on vellum, with embossed seal, affixed lower left. Washington, February 15, 1895. Appointment of Thomas H. Ruger as Major General.

Signed by Grover Cleveland (1837-1908) as President (1893-1897), and Daniel S. Lamont (1851-1905), as Secretary of War (1893-1897). Matted and framed, 17 x 21 in.

Descended Directly in the Family of General Thomas H. Ruger $500 - $700

314 Theodore Roosevelt Signed Photograph, Presented to Miss Helen Ruger Hay Theodore Roosevelt (1858-1919). President of the United States (19011909). Silver gelatin photograph of Theodore Roosevelt copyrighted

by Underwood & Underwood, NY, signed and dated below portrait: For Miss Helen Ruger Hay/ with the best wishes of/ Theodore Roosevelt / April 30th 1912. 7.25 x 10.75 in. (sight), framed, 11.75 x 14.75 in. Helen Ruger Hay was General Thomas Ruger’s granddaughter.

Descended Directly in the Family of General Thomas H. Ruger $800 - $1,000

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THE CIVIL WAR | Major General Thomas H. Ruger Collection 315 Edwin G. Fay, 107th New York, ADC to General Thomas Ruger, Civil War Diary Plus Signed CDV Leather-bound diary, 4 x 6.5 in., of Edwin G. Fay, June 1864 - June 1865, accompanied by a signed CDV of Fay as 2nd Lieutenant, with Moulton & Larkin, Elmira, NY imprint.

On July 14, 1862, at the age of 21, Edwin Fay enlisted as a Private into Co. C of the New York 107th Infantry. He was mustered out on June 5, 1865 at Washington, DC. During his term with the 107th, Fay was promoted to Sergeant Major, January 1, 1863 and to 2nd Lieutenant, May 3, 1863. He survived the war, died in June of 1902, and is buried in Elmira at Woodlawn Cemetery (as is Mark Twain).

The 107th, also known as the Campbell Guards, formed at Elmira, NY, for a three-year assignment. It was noted for its efficiency and discipline, the first regiment from the North organized under the second call, and the first to arrive in the defenses of Washington. It fought at Antietam, Chancellorsville, Gettysburg, and joined in pursuit of Lee in Virginia. In September, the 107th was stationed along the railroad in Murfreesboro. In May 1864, the regiment moved to the Atlanta campaign fighting at Resaca, Cassville, and Dallas.

In June and July, 1864, the regiment was engaged at Kennesaw Mountain, fought at Peachtree creek, and took part in the siege of Atlanta. The 107th joined Sherman’s march to the sea and took part in the final campaign of the Carolinas. It sustained 222 total deaths after three years of service.

Fay’s diary begins June 2, 1864, and spans a period of time when he was a 2nd Lieutenant serving as Aide de Camp to General Thomas H. Ruger. They had joined General Sherman in the Atlanta campaign and were located in Dallas. They were soon engaged in battle. On June 6, 1864, Fay notes...met some rebel cavalry at Mr. Jackson’s house. Your brigade was leading. Col Hawley with his regt was ordered forward as skirmishers formed a line of battle.

On June 11, he writes…Moved about two miles and took positions between Stanleys Div 4th Corps and 23rd AC... They were at Pine Hill moving toward Marietta… Rebels shelled us some killed two men...the rebels infilading our line. Maimed many.

The battling moved slowly to Atlanta, with fighting at Kennesaw Mountain. On July 17th, Fay notes that they… moved about three (3) o’clock am. Your brigade second in line, crossed the Chattahoochee river…

On July 20, the 107th took part in the Battle of Peachtree Creek: Moved in the morning at seven (7) o’clock, crossed Peach Tree Creek, quite a fight in the afternoon. Maj Baldwin...wounded, Col Colgrove also.

They continued a slow approach toward Atlanta, with Fay reporting on July 22...met the rebels and went into position on Marietta road, one mile from Atlanta. On August 1, they were…laying in line of battle about half mile from Atlanta. On September 2, they reached Atlanta and Fay reports: Heard a devil of a racket in the night in the direction of Atlanta.

Sent 107th NY out in that direction...Brigade went in to Atlanta just at dusk. Atlanta was, at last, captured that day.

In November, Ruger was assigned to lead a division of the XXIII Corps as part of the campaign against John B. Hood’s army in Tennessee.

Fay accompanied him there and saw action in the Battle of Franklin on November 30: Arrived at Franklin at day light. Went into position on right of Columbia pike. Cox on left, Kimball on right Rebels commenced charging our line at 4 o’clock. Borrowed one wing 101st Ohio from Kimball and put it on right of Strickland Brig withdrew our line at midnight... started for Nashville.

The diary continues to...the news of Lee’s surrender... and ...some talk about Gen. [Joseph] Johnston surrendering... Unfortunately on April 17, news came of the death of President Lincoln. On April 18, News came that President Lincoln was all right. Sherman meets Johns[t]on at 12 o’clock.

News confirmed in afternoon that President Lincoln was dead.

On Tuesday, June 6, 1864, Fay wrote, I bid you good bye taking the 7 o’clock am train north. $1,000 - $1,500

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THE CIVIL WAR | Autographs & Manuscripts | The Confederacy 316 CSA Color Bearer, James Hunt Taylor, 1st South Carolina Infantry, KIA Gaines’ Mill, Two CDVs, One Autographed, Plus Calling Card & Death Letter Lot of 4, including: Ainsley H. Montieth ALS to Gen. William J. Taylor, 1p., July 1862, reporting the death of Color Sgt. James Hunt Taylor on June 27; a fine signed carte de visite (with some soiling) of Taylor at the time of his enlistment, dated Jan. 3, 1861, posed in his new uniform and Hardee hat, seated with his rifle, and looking every bit of his 15 years of age. The image was taken by M. Sancier in Mobile, AL; a second CDV of an unidentified man in civilian dress, also believed to be James Hunt Taylor, with deep stains at the bottom that look like, and are reputed to be Taylor’s blood, suggesting that the image was carried by him in the fateful battle; a fantastically rare hand-written calling card, J.H. Taylor / Color Bearer of 1st S.C.V. James Hunt Taylor became a tragic hero of the Confederacy, earning his laurels as one of the color bearers for his regiment cut down in the line of duty. The great-grandson of a Revolutionary War veteran, grandson of the first mayor of Columbia, SC, a governor and congressman, and the son of a noted physician, James Hunt Taylor was raised in luxury, the scion of a wealthy and well-connected Carolina family. Though only 15 at the time of secession, Taylor enlisted almost immediately, joining the six-month 1st SC Infantry in January 1861, and reenlisting when the 1st renewed in August 1861.

Appointed sergeant despite his youth, Taylor was granted the honor of being the regimental color bearer, carrying the Confederate flag as he led his comrades into battle.

During the Peninsular Campaign of 1862, the 1st SC was assembled on the battlefield at Gaines Mills on June 27. When called upon to charge the enemy, Taylor led the way as ordered, but was wounded almost immediately. Undaunted, he struggled to his feet and continued forward until knocked down by a second shot. At this point, a friend grabbed the flag and urged his comrades onward, but he too was shot down. Somehow, Taylor staggered up again, grabbed the banner for a third time, and for a third time was struck down and shot in the chest. The dying Taylor reputedly looked up to his Lieutenant Colonel, Daniel H. Hamilton, and said “I can’t carry it any further, Colonel.” Five of the six young men who carried the flag for the

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1st South Carolina that day were killed while doing their duty. To put a final twist on the story, when the battle ended and the bodies were retrieved from the field, Taylor’s corpse was discovered by his own older brother.

This touching letter from Taylor’s comrade, Ainsley Monteith, informs the star-crossed sergeant’s family of the obligations they had made for one another: I promised your son the late James H. Taylor that if he was wounded I would telegraph you but he did not say what I must do if anything worse should happen and as everything has been in such a confused state for the past few days or since the battle, I was unable to write you until the present. James was killed on Friday the 27th day of June & was buried on Saturday morning by his friends on the battle field. If in the coming fight my brother and myself do not perish one of us expect to come home and anything we can do for you will be done cheerfully... $1,500 - $2,500

317 CSA Color Bearer, James Hunt Taylor, Roll Book for Richland Volunteer Rifle Co., 1st South Carolina Infantry 1 vol., January-April, 1861.

As soon as South Carolina declared its secession from the Union in December 1860, young men from all across the state volunteered in droves for military service. Among the very first regiments formed was the 1st SC Volunteers, which were constituted by order of Gov. Francis W. Pickens for six months service beginning in January 1861, with the inaugural company (by letter, at least), Co. A, being raised in Richland County, near the state college at Columbia.

Among the youngest volunteers was James Hunt Taylor, the 15 yearold son of a politically and socially prominent family from Columbia.

As a non-commissioned officer in the Richland Rifles, Taylor and his comrades started their service at the first epicenter of the war, Charleston, serving on Sullivan’s Island and Morris Island before being sent north to Richmond in April during their six month’s under arms.

The regiment was reenlisted later that summer and returned to the field with Taylor as Color Bearer. He died a hero at the Battle of Gaines Mills, being shot three times while carrying his regiment’s flag during a charge. Five of six men who carried the flag for the 1st South Carolina that day were left dead on the field. Taylor’s courage, combined with his youth, brought him a measure of posthumous fame, and his sad story has made its way into several narratives of the war.

The roll book for the Richland Volunteer Rifles kept by Sgt. Taylor contains a thorough record of the commissioned officers, noncommissioned officers, and privates in the Richland Rifles at their point of origin. With some care, Taylor also recorded his regiment’s encampments and stations during the earliest months of the conflict, SEE DETAILED DESCRIPTIONS, ADDITIONAL PHOTOGRAPHS AND CONDITION REPORTS OF ALL LOTS AT COWANS.COM

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THE CIVIL WAR | Autographs & Manuscripts | The Confederacy beginning with their organization at Columbia, SC, in January 1861 through their time in Richmond in late April. Most importantly, the book includes a hard to come-by inventory of the company’s expeditions, maneuvers, and minor engagements. The book ends with some minor personal accounts and a quote that seems all too prescient: Who would not die in his country’s cause / Since of base fear his dastard step withdraws / from death he cannot fly, one common grave / receives, at last, the coward and the brave.

Finally, the book includes a copy of a commendation for Taylor written by his commanding officer, 1862: I leave earnestly and respectfully to recommend James H. Taylor for a Lieutenant’s in the force about to be raised. He entered the service in the 1st Regt. S.C.V. Last year very young, performed exemplary duties as a soldier in an exemplary manner, was made a non-commissioned officer and after the reorganization of the Regt. In Va. From his soldierly bearing and good conduct, I selected him as first Color Sergt. of the Regt. I think he well merits promotion and hope he may obtain it... Maxcy Gregg.

An exceptionally scarce relic of one of the first Confederate volunteer regiments from the first state to secede, and associated with a noted heroic figure for the lost cause. $1,500 - $2,500

318 CSA 2nd Lieut. Albert R. Elmore, South Carolina Hampton Legion Cavalry, Civil War Archive Including Correspondence with Sister, Grace Brown Elmore, Plus 14 items.

Staunch secessionists and political power-brokers, the Elmore, Rhett, and Taylor families sat at the apex of South Carolina society in the antebellum period and were much intermarried. Albert Rhett Elmore, the son of the late Franklin H. Elmore, who succeeded the notorious nullifier John C. Calhoun in the US Senate, was a 17-year old student at South Carolina College in December 1860 when his state seceded from the union. Taking an enslaved man, Billy Duffie, along with him as his personal servant, Elmore defied his youth and barely hesitated before enlisting for military service. He served for two years in the Cavalry Battalion of the Hampton Legion and later, after the Legion was broken up, he joined other sons of the South Carolina elite in the Charleston Light Dragoons.

This fine collection of 14 letters document Elmore’s service, primarily with Hampton. Most are from Albert (1843-1915) to his sister Grace Brown Elmore. The letters include only a handful of references to Elmore’s experience in combat, but they offer a fine perspective on the mindset of a highly committed Confederate soldier during the earliest months of the war. They include: 132

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• Albert to mother (Harriet), June 13: I hope you have not worried yourself about the boy you sent me, for although I have not much opinion of his character, still he suits me very well, and I believe I would rather keep him than go to the expense of getting Charles here... There is very little news here. Three of our men (Texans) were over at church a few days ago, and run a whole regiment of Yankees, and killed three of them...

• Albert to sister Grace Elmore, Sept. 25, [1861]: Battle of Free Stone: from new camp he can see the war steamers, all about in the river [Potomac]. I was on piquet yesterday, and was stationed immediately on the river, and could see of their ships so near that I could count the cannon on them. One of them had eight guns. I could almost count the stars on the flag, and I took good care to keep myself concealed so that I could watch their movements, without their knowledge of my presence.

We are in hourly expectation of a battle. We have our artillery stationed on the river and are only waiting for orders to fire into the ships. The fight will be entirely between the artillery and we will be only spectators until they attempt to land... Later in letter the firing begins.

• Albert to Grace, Oct. 31, [1861?]: Amid asking for items to be sent from home and complaining of not receiving enough mail, he writes: I have just returned from Centreville. I saw a great many of my friends in Kershaw’s regiment. You can have no idea of the fortifications and

THE CIVIL WAR | Autographs & Manuscripts | The Confederacy breast-works up there. I think if the Yankees ever get past there, there will not be enough of them to whip the Legion by itself.

• Albert to Harriet, Camp Butler, Nov. 9, 1861: Complaining of being unable to get a furlough to visit home: John Calhoun left to day for Columbia, and I expect, ere this reach you, he will be there, and you can learn a great deal about us, from him. I think it hard that he should get off, and not me. It is the general opinion that he got his on account of his Grandfather’s name [John C. Calhoun], merely I am as much entitled to mine, on account of my Father’s name, and I think that if the President had ever received your letter that he would certainly under the circumstances which I entered the service, grant me mine also... I heard to day that the Yankees had attacked our coast [Battle of Port Royal], tell Frank there is his chance. I heard we had got worsted in the fight, and that seven ships had gotten into our harbor, all they have to do now is to let them land, and whip them out. There is not the slightest chance of a fight out here.

• Albert to Grace, Dec 24, 1861: I expect to spend the poorest Christmas I ever spent in my life, particularly as I will be on guard all day, and in future I will always know how I spent Christmas day, 1861, however I will make the most of a bad bargain, and try to have a good time any how.

I do not suppose you all will have much better, owing to the exigencies of the time. Some of the men have gone out to day to get eggs, and whiskey, and will have a big egg nog, and as fine a dinner as the country will afford...

Albert’s final letter in the collection, dated Aug. 23 (probably 1863), was written from Charleston, apparently shortly after he had joined the Charleston Dragoons, and shows that he had been transformed into a fearless veteran: The enemy has commenced to shell the city last night about two o clock. We were all aroused from… slumbers by the explosion of shells, the ringing of the alarm bells, the barking of dogs…The enemy threw about a dozen shells into the city, setting several houses on fire but doing otherwise no damages.

In addition to Albert’s letters, the collection includes a warm note from a cousin, John T. Rhett (also Hampton’s Legion) to Grace, dated Jan. 10, 1862, thanking her for a knit cap and showing a subtle taste of southern bravado, For the time being the center of excitement seems to have left the Potomac and gone back again to South Carolina. We are all anxiously looking for news from the South but hear very little... We hear that the Yankees have landed on the Charleston and Savannah R.R. I confess I feel decidedly uneasy about our own individual interests. I would not like to me made bankrupt for the advantage of the Yankees....

All but two of the letters in the collection are war-date and all are soldiers’ letters except for one from Albert’s mother pleading for a commission for her son and two from women friends to Grace.

Notably, Grace Elmore’s wartime diary was published as The Heritage of Woe: The Civil War Diary of Grace Brown Elmore, 1861-1868 (Univ. of Georgia Press, 1997), and provides important context on the Elmore family and their experiences during the conflict. $1,000 - $1,500

319 CSA 2nd Lieut. Albert R. Elmore, South Carolina Hampton Legion Cavalry, Family CDV Album Including Military & Personal Photos, with View of Sgt. J.H. Taylor Album containing 46 CDVs, many from the Elmore and Taylor families, including portraits of the following individuals: Albert Rhett Elmore; although unidentified, a portrait of who is believed to be Grace Brown Elmore; KIA Flag Bearer James Hunt Taylor; South Carolina politician and Confederate Cavalry General Wade Hampton & Wife; South Carolina Senator Franklin Harper Elmore; composite cartes of the Confederate Cabinet and Confederate Generals; composite view of John Wilkes Booth and his conspirators; and additional ca 1860s-1870s portraits of family and friends, many identified in period ink.

Many southern photographers are included in the collection, such as Wearn & Hix, Columbia, SC; W.A. Reckling, Columbia, SC; George S. Cook, Charleston, SC; Quinby & Co., Charleston, SC; H.A. Olwell, Mobile, AL; M. Sancier, Mobile, AL; W.E. Craver, Memphis, TN; and W.D. McPherson, New Orleans, LA; among others.

An additional CDV worth nothing is a view of a Yankee lady, as identified on verso, named Ada Miller, given to Albert G. Hotchkiss.

This Yankee lady was the fiancé or girlfriend of Pvt. Albert G Hotchkiss, Co’s. H & M, 8th New York Cavalry. Hotchkiss was taken prisoner at Stony Creek Station on June 29 after the Battle of Gaines Mill. He was in the hospital at Andersonville prison on 8/27/64, and died on 8/29/64. His Father came south to claim the body and bury him in an elaborate grave in Rochester, NY. James Hunt Taylor was killed June 24th at the Battle of Gaines Mill. It is unclear why the family had this photo, but it is possible that it was given to a Confederate soldier, possibly J.H. Taylor or Albert R. Elmore, to give to Hotchkiss in prison or send home. $1,000 - $1,500 12 of 46

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THE CIVIL WAR | CDVs | Autographs & Manuscripts | The Confederacy 320 CSA 2nd Lieut. Albert R. Elmore, South Carolina Hampton Legion Cavalry, Civil War CDV & Post-War Typed Article 8pp typed manuscript, “A deer hunt in the swamps of the Congaree river – South Carolina and how General Wade Hampton lost his leg,” 1907.

A veteran of Gen. Wade Hampton’s Legion and the Charleston Light Dragoons, Lieutenant Albert Rhett Elmore returned home to his native Columbia, SC, after the fall of the Confederacy to piece together a future. Although he hailed from the state’s old gentry, and had all the political and social connections he could desire, Elmore purchased a plantation in Charleston, Tallahatchie Co., MS, where me made a fortunate match to another family from South Carolina old stock, marrying Alexina J. Taylor, daughter of Gen. William J. Taylor of Columbia.

While visiting his old home in Columbia in 1878, Elmore caught wind of a yellow fever epidemic raging in Memphis and decided it would be unwise to return to his plantation. Instead, he opted for a little diversion, taking part in a hunting expedition in the Congaree Swamp with his old commander, Wade Hampton, and a party of fellow Confederate veterans.

Doing so, he became witness to a famous incident in Confederate veteran history: the accident that cost the General a leg.

This manuscript, of the hunt, dated 1907, is filled with loyal “darkies,” baying dogs, and hunterly braggadocio and reflects Elmore’s late-in-life reflections of that fateful day.

Hampton had won election to the governorship in the exceedingly bloody election of 1876, thanks in large part to the armed support of the paramilitary Red Shirts, repeating his victory two years later with just as much armed intimidation but fewer deaths. Held only two days after the election, the hunting trip was, according to Elmore, a celebration of the redemption of the whole state from the rule of the “Carpet-bagger” and scaliwag and their black and tan contingent by the “Red-shirt Democracy” under the lead to the peerless Hampton…[and] confirmed at the polls by the triumph of the entire Democratic State, County and Congressional ticket.

The party, nearly all Confederate veterans, headed onto plantations that had mostly lain fallow since feeling Sherman’s “withering touch” fourteen years before, and after the hunters spread out to their separate hunting locations, Elmore recalled being awakened from a mid-afternoon nap in the field by a darkie, Sam. Thinking that one of his fellow hunters had shot a deer, he soon recognized that the shots and repeated horn blasts were actually a call of distress — from Hampton as it turned out. As Elmore gathered with the rest of his party, Sam rushed to find the distressed general, who returned, tearing back with his eyes as big as saucers, and shouted, “My God, Colonel, hits de Guvner lying dere wid his leg broke.” In a moment, Elmore wrote, I was in my saddle and riding towards the crab-apple thicket, in which General Hampton lay... I rushed on the where he was and found him lying upon his back with his shoulders propped against a small oak tree to which he had dragged himself, with one foot and ankle covered with his black felt hat. E was very pale and evidently suffering great pain...

He had cut the shoe from it and I looked and saw the white sock saturated with blood, the ankle bone protruding at least an inch. He then said, “Dont touch it.” Hampton, it seems, had tried to leap from a restive mule and broke his leg on the fall: A vicious lunge forward at that moment [as Hampton jumped] caused the General to alight with his whole weight on the left foot, and being a man of heavy weight, the ankle bones snapped like pipe stems.

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Elmore’s detailed narrative includes a thorough account of riding 18 miles to Columbia to get a doctor, who was forced to amputate the leg just above the ankle, and after gangrene set in, to perform a second amputation just below the knee. Ever conscious of his place in society and Confederate history, Elmore affixed an addendum to the manuscript stating that he had known Hampton from childhood, had been an intimate of both Hampton’s sons, and served in the Hampton Legion and, again, at the end of the war: when as Commander of the Cavalry of the Army of Northern Virginia he successfully exchanged compliments with Sheridan, and in all the relations of life, military, social and political, I have known him only to love, honor and admire him as the embodiment of all the old veterans who have crossed the river, and with Robt. E. Lee, U.S. Grant, Stonewall Jackson, ‘Jeb’ Stuart and Sheridan, and many others who have joined the “Phantom Host”, his name stands out in bold relief as one of the Grandest Old Romans of Them All... Knowing positively that I am the only living person who can give the true facts, I have been induced to write them as a contribution to history...

The manuscript is accompanied by a fine CDV, believed to be Elmore.

He is wearing his CSA uniform jacket noted by the two stripes on the collar. The carte is signed on verso, R. Wearn, artist, ca 1863. Richard Wearn is recorded as a photographer in Columbia, SC after 1859, and as an itinerant before. He is perhaps best known for his images of the destruction of Columbia by Sherman’s army and was one of only two Confederate photographers known to be operating in the region at the end of the war.

A wonderful memoir describing a noteworthy event in South Carolina history. $500 - $700

THE CIVIL WAR | Autographs & Manuscripts | The Confederacy 321 Civil War-Era, South Carolina Slave, William Uncle Billie Rose, Autographed CDV, Plus CDV of slave William “Billy” McDuffie of Columbia, SC, faintly identified in pencil below portrait, with W.S. Lee, Artist, Columbia, SC backmark. George McDuffie was a slave owner and proprietor of Cherry Hill Plantation in South Carolina, as well as Governor from 1834-1836. Records indicate that William “Billy” McDuffie served as valet to the family of prominent South Carolina politician and banker, Frank H. Elmore (1799-1850), who was father to Grace Elmore and CSA 2nd Lieut.

Albert Elmore, referenced in Lots 318-320. The carte is accompanied by an ALS, with original envelope, written by Albert Elmore to his sister Grace, from Camp Butler, December 8, 1861, in which Billy is mentioned. Billy is also referenced in Grace Elmore’s wartime diary, published as The Heritage of Woe: The Civil War Diary of Grace Brown Elmore, 1861-1868 (Univ. of Georgia Press, 1997). On page 182, a description of Billy’s devotion to his master and his master’s devotion to him when he became ill is included, and page 194 references Billy’s trip home to visit his white folks in 1890.

A May 28, 1901 obituary published in the Athens Daily Banner recognizes the life of “Uncle Billy…A South Carolina Negro Veteran of Three Wars,” who died at the age of 89. Born a slave, Billy was a drummer in the Seminole War in 1836, and he also participated in the Mexican and Civil Wars. The obituary states that he “brought back General Pierce Butler’s body from Mexico and General Bragg’s body from Fredericksburg.” He also volunteered to go to Cuba. Starting in 1876, Billy held the office of messenger to the governor. In addition, he was a courier on the staff of Governor Miles B. McSweeney and an honorary sergeant in a local white military company. The article adds that Billy witnessed the running of the first train in South Carolina; was present when Lafayette toured America in 1825; and “beat the muffed drum at Calhoun’s funeral.”

A rare carte de visite of an accomplished African American from South Carolina, identified by the Confederate Relic Room in Columbia, SC. $1,000 - $1,500

322 CSA Pvt. E.D. Cheatham, 48th Georgia Infantry, 2 ALsS, Including Reference to Battle of Spotsylvania Two ALsS from E.D. Cheatham, one to his brother, dated May 30, 1863, and the other to his mother, May 19, 1864.

Eli D. Cheatham was born in Jefferson County, GA (southwest of Augusta) ca 1833. He enlisted in the Georgia 48th Infantry, Company E, as a Private on April 28, 1862. Cheatham’s brothers John and Ed fought with Eli for the 48th Georgia. He participated in several major engagements and was wounded at Gettysburg and Petersburg. The second wound proved to be fatal. Cheatham died at Petersburg on June 25, 1864.

The 48th Infantry was organized in the winter of 1861-62 at Camp Davis in Macon, GA. It was comprised of volunteers from Burke, Glascock, Warren, Richmond, Jefferson, Emanuel, and Harris counties in Georgia. They were ordered into service in Virginia as part of the Army of Northern Virginia, and their first assignment was in the defense of Richmond. From there, they fought in some of the fiercest battles of the war at Mechanicsville, the Peninsula Campaign, Second Manassas, Antietam, Fredericksburg, Chancellorsville, Gettysburg, the overland Campaign, Petersburg, and Appomattox, where they surrendered. At Gettysburg, the 48th lost over one half of its men in battle. The Regiment suffered the loss of 54 killed, 65 wounded, 38 wounded and captured, 43 captured, and 4 deserted. Col. William Gibson was wounded and left on the field. Five of six captains were lost. Eleven lieutenants out of seventeen were lost. The regimental colors were shot down seven times.

In the first letter, Cheatham is writing shortly before Gettysburg from Guineas Station VA. He had been having difficulty with a leg injury that…will never get well again. He writes, Our Brigade is under marching orders and…I understand the whole of Gen. Lee’s army is under marching orders. I do not know what I shall do for I am not able to march on my leg but a little but I shall do the best I can…I hope the Good Spirit will still be with us. There is no doubt that God has blessed a great many and will bless others yet...if we should never meet [again] on earth let us all…meet in heaven where wars, sorrows, troubles and parting are not known. He signs the letter, I remain your true brother till death yours truly.

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In his second letter, Cheatham writes while he is engaged in the battle of Spotsylvania. The war had not been kind to the men of the 48th. In the letter, he lists many friends and relatives who had been wounded or died. As the battle raged on, Cheatham tells his mother, We are looking to be engaged any hour, both day and night [we] hear the pickets shooting often. We will have to go on picket tonight…Cheatham continues to express his faith in God as he tells her, My Dear Mother, I do not want you all to be uneasy about us all, we are in the hands of God, let his holy will be done. He clearly saw the dark promise of the future as he concludes the letter, I hope we will all be spared to meet again on earth but if not on earth let us all meet in heaven where all is lovely. $600 - $800

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THE CIVIL WAR | Autographs & Manuscripts | The Confederacy 323 CSA, 48th Georgia Infantry Pvt. E.D. Cheatham & 1st Lt. J.W. Cheatham, ALsS with Strong Battle Content Referencing Cold Harbor & Petersburg Two ALsS, one from Eli D. Cheatham, dated June 11, 1864, and one from his brother, John W. Cheatham, dated July 18, 1864.

Like his brother, John Wesley Cheatham was born in Jefferson County, GA ca 1836. He enlisted in the Georgia 48th Infantry, Company E as a 1st Sergeant on March 4, 1862. Cheatham received promotions to 2nd Lieutenant in December 1862, 1st Lieutenant in July 1863, and Captain in November 1863. He was in several major engagements and was wounded at Gettysburg in the hand and foot. He fought through to the surrender at Appomattox Court House on April 9, 1865. Cheatham survived the war and died in August 1904 at Wadley, GA. On June 11, 1864, E.D. Cheatham writes from Gaines Mill, VA during the Siege of Petersburg: I suppose you have seen the news in the papers. We have had several wounded and one killed in our Co. There have been six killed in the regiment, I do not know how many wounded…

We have had a totally hard time since this campaign opened but no so hard as others…we were relieved off the front lines last night, I suppose we will take the front about tomorrow night. We have been able to repulse the enemy at every point. I hope that we will be able to repulse them and drive them back to their own soil. To his sister, he adds…I am nearly worn out by losing sleep and working at night digging rifle pits, some nights we work all night long…What little I slept was on the battle field among dead Yankees. Knowing the imminent dangers, he ends his message to his brother…I remain as before your Brother until death…

324 CSA Pvt. Anderson M. Riddle, 1st Georgia Infantry, Washington Rifles, ALS on Battle of Green Brier River, Plus Correspondence with Southern Women An archive of 4 letters addressed to Isabella “Belle” E. Riddle, a young lady of about 15 or 16 at this particular time, including a single letter written by her brother Anderson M. Riddle while serving in the CSA, plus 3 letters from family members or female friends. March November 1861.

Anderson Riddle enlisted and was mustered into service June 10, 1861 in the Georgia 1st Volunteers infantry, Company E as a Private. At the time of his enlistment, he was a land owner/farmer in Washington County, GA. Riddle served in several battles in Virginia and what is today West Virginia. He joined Company E of the Georgia 32nd Infantry and was promoted to Full 2nd Corporal on May 7, 1862.

He joined Company B of the Georgia 7th Battalion Cavalry and was promoted to Full 2nd Sergeant on August 4, 1863. On January 24, 1864, he was listed as absent without leave. He survived the war living to age 77 in Washington County, GA. 136

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On July 18, 1864, J. W. Cheatham writes from South of Petersburg to his brother and sister that this kind of warfare is at close quarters: We are plenty close [enough] to understand each other. There seems to be quite a stir among the Yankees concerning the movements of our forces around Washington City and Baltimore. The news is encouraging…Tis thought that Grant is [moving] a large portion of his force from this place.

We are strongly fortified and feel fully able to resist every attack here. I believe that our cause is still safe and that we will yet succeed. My trust is still in the God of Battle. $600 - $800

Company E of the Georgia 1st Volunteer Infantry was known as the Washington Rifles. The 1st Regiment was formed at Macon, GA, in April 1861. The men were raised in the towns and cities of Newnan, Perry, Augusta, Sandersville, Atlanta, Bainbridge, Quitman, Dahlonega, and Columbus. The regiment was first assigned to duty in Pensacola, FL and subsequently went on to fight in the Battle of Green Brier River, the Valley Campaign in the Shenandoah Valley, and Lynchburg, VA. The regiment mustered out of service in Macon, March 1862. Many of the men subsequently joined the 12th Georgia Artillery Battalion and other Georgia commands.

The highlight of the archive is a letter of September 20, 1861, written

by Belle’s brother, Anderson. He is writing from Camp Barlow about two weeks before the Battle of Greenbrier River. New recruits had arrived to strengthen the forces but he writes: I supposed that we will be stationed at this place for some time; we are fortifying it now. I don’t believe that we will attack the enemy yet…We have 6 regiments here and if the enemy should attack us, I think we will be able to whip them… I do not believe that we will have much fighting to do, for after we fortify this place, the enemy will not try to attack us.

An additional letter, dated March 20, 1861, also looks to be from another family member, likely Belle’s mother, Sariann S. Riddle. It would appear that Belle was away at school. The letter includes advice on joining a church and a passage on sending aprons and shoes.

The relative goes on to say that a brother is …thinking about leaving Riddlesville and the people are very much opposed to his leaving.

The third letter of May 14, 1861 is from a friend, perhaps a school mate, Ella Nash. She writes that she has visited Fort Valley and regrets that she was unable to see Belle. She tells her that I would [have] come back sooner but I was unfortunate and had the Scarlet Fever.

The fourth and final letter, dated November 28, 1861 is from a friend, EM Hudson. Within the letter, Belle’s friend reports that she has heard good news from the Beauregard Volunteers and that many of the boys are leaving for military assignments. After relaying news about friends and family, she asks, Darling have you adopted the confederate dress, ‘homespun’ it is worn by a great many in old Jefferson. I got two to wear…I look very stylish in them…I knit me a pair of stocking the other day. We are Confederate girls up here. [Do you] have any Confederate recipes? Please send them… $500 - $700

THE CIVIL WAR | Autographs & Manuscripts | The Confederacy 325 CSA 2nd Lt. George A. Nichols, 1st Georgia Infantry, ALS Referencing the Battle of Altamaha Bridge ALS from George A. Nichols (also identified in some records as Nicoll), to unknown recipient. Date unknown. Acquired from a North Georgia estate.

George A. Nichols was born in Savannah, Chatham County, GA about 1832. He was the son of John, a prominent citizen and US District Court Judge in Savannah, and Eliza Nicoll. While some historic records identify him as George A. Nicoll, his military records show his name to be George A. Nichols.

Initially, Nichols was commissioned into “C” Co. of the Georgia 1st Infantry, May 30, 1861 as a Junior 2nd Lieutenant. This was one of many assignments for Nichols who served in Infantry, Cavalry, and Artillery units. During his military career, he was promoted to 2nd Lieutenant, 1st Lieutenant, and Captain. He served in at least four other Georgia military units. Nichols’ entire service was spent in the Savannah area. He was captured by Union forces at the end of 1864 and held as a POW in Fort Delaware on Pea Patch Island, DE. He was released in June 1865.

Nichols survived the war and returned to Savannah where he resumed civilian work as an engineer. Later he became an officer of the Central Railroad Bank and Trust Company. Nichols developed Tuberculosis in the latter half of the 1870s and succumbed to the illness May 26, 1879.

This particular letter concerns the Battle of Altamaha Bridge (alternately the Battle for the Doctortown Railroad Trestle). The engagement was fought December 19, 1864, in Wayne County, GA as part of Sherman’s March to the Sea. Confederate forces temporarily blocked Sherman’s effort to destroy a vital railroad bridge over the Ogeechee River, keeping open Confederate supply lines to Savannah.

Sherman used other alternatives to take Savannah on December 20.

Nichols was running trains during the battle and was in the thick of the hostilities. In the letter, he writes: The Enemy encompasses my

trains on every side. The shells are bursting over me and my trains, but like lightning we rush [free]. I…[am] expecting every moment to be my last. As the train approached the Ogeechee River Bridge, they found that supporting timbers had been cut and that crossing could cause collapse…The two soldiers appointed as my guard jump off the train and take to the swamp. Risking death, Nichols and the train’s Engineer decided to…back [up] 100 yards [get a running start] and risk getting over…better that we go down than be captured… with the Engineer observing…If you are ready to die for the Cause, so am I. They succeeded in their crossing. $300 - $500

326 Jefferson Davis ALS, February 2, 1889 ALS, 1p, 5 x 8 in. Beauvoir, Miss., Feb. 2nd, 1889. Signed Jefferson Davis.

Addressed to Col. James Buckner, but the only person we found by this name was James Buckner Barry (1821-1906), who was a Confederate Officer. Davis writes: Please accept my thanks for your kind letter of the 29th ult[imo]. and for the interesting and valuable slips enclosed, which though you did not request it, I take it for granted you desire should be returned. Like yourself I feel that the memories of the past are sad, but proud of the righteousness of our cause & the Knightly manner in which it was sustained.

Beauvoir estate, just outside Biloxi, MS, was bequeathed to the Davises

by Sarah Anne Ellis Dorsey, a wealthy widow who had heard of Davis’ plight after the war. She gave him access to a small cabin initially where he could write. When Ms. Dorsey died in 1879, the Davis family was already living at Beauvoir. $500 - $700

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THE CIVIL WAR | Autographs & Manuscripts | The Confederacy

327 Robert E. Lee, ALS as Superintendent of West Point, May 8, 1854 ALS, 2pp (8 x 9.75 in.), West Point (NY), May 8, 1854. Written as Superintendent of West Point to W. Eugene Webster of Cedar Grove, VA, who also happened to be a cousin of his wife’s (through her grandmother, her father, George Washington Parke Custis being the half-sibling of the cadet’s mother, Rosalie Eugenia Stuart Webster, both children of Eleanor Clavert Custis Stuart).

The accomp[anyin]g. letter & check of the Treasurer of the Acad[em]y. will answer your inquiries Concerning your pay for March & April.

I am very Sorry to hear that your health is so feeble & still more regret the probability of its not allowing your return to the Acad[em]y. I would not advise its sacrifice for the gratification of any military aspiration, still I would advise you to weigh well the advantages of your App[ointmen]t. & Consult your father and mother before relinquishing it. Should you not be well to return by the 1st July, & there is a reasonalbe expectation of your

becoming so by the 1st Sept; unless in the opinion of your father, mother & Phy[sicia]n. it would be imprudent to risk your resuming your duties; If you will send me the proper certificate of your Physician, an Army Surgeon would be the best; I will endeavor to get an extension of your leave. I must have it in proper time, to get the Sec[retar]ys action.

I had hoped the climate of the South & particularly the inmates of Cedar Grove would have entirely relieved you of all Corporeal ills. I do not know what they would not cure me of if I was a young man again.

Your Cousins may have gone to A_____ having been detained more than a month by the inability of the younger to travel. Another Cousin Ella Carter accomp[anie]d. them as far as Philadelphia. Please present my kind regards to your mother & all the household at Cedar Grove.”

Young Eugene does not appear to have returned, since the USMA Register of Graduates lists him as x1856. $2,000 - $4,000

328 Mary Custis Lee, Wife of CSA Gen. Robert E. Lee, ALS Relating to Trials of Gen. Lee, April 23, 1866 ALS, 2pp, approx. 7.5 x 9.75 in. Lexington (VA), April 23, 1866. Mary Custis Lee to a friend, “Lettie,” likely Lettie Burwell, wife of William McCreery Burwell, since she also references “Rosa,” which is the name of a Burwell daughter, and “Avenel,” which was the Burwell home in Bedford.

At this point, the South had only surrendered a year earlier, and the economy was still in shambles. Mrs. Lee mentions the “Baltimore Fair.”

She says, I trust it will be the means of relieving much suffering if it can be properly applied, but how much suffering it will not reach. Women organized “Sanitary Fairs” during the Civil War to raise money and needed items (bandages, clothing, etc.) for wounded soldiers after the formation of the U.S. Sanitary Commission. One fair was in Baltimore in 1864 to aid Union soldiers. In 1866, another fair was held with the goal of assisting southern states in their recovery.

She also mentions that the weather has been cold and rainy. It has become so cold again after a week of rain that I do not see how the young plants and chickens are going to live through it. Mildred has 2 broods and another one coming, but even if they live through this weather I suppose they will be stolen as soon as they are large enough, for the crowds of idle Negroes who live here do nothing but steal, they are as bad as the Yankees.

An earlier owner of this letter (maybe Lettie, herself ) has attached a newspaper article about Mrs. Lee. Although it has no date, it is likely 138

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THE CIVIL WAR | Autographs & Manuscripts | The Confederacy from a short time after this letter (Mary Lee only lived until 1873, and General Lee is not referenced in the past tense, and he died in 1870).

The journalist mentions that he saw Mrs. Lee at Rockbridge Baths, known for healing rheumatism and other diseases. “Alas! I found her greatly changed by time, and still more by disease. The charm of her manners still continues, but her body has been terribly afflicted by rheumatism, which has made such a cripple that, for some years past, almost from the commencement of the late war, her only locomotion is affected in a chair with wheels, which is moved about by servants.”

Mary Lee suffered from rheumatoid arthritis and was using a wheelchair as early as 1861. The journalist also mentions the loss of Arlington by the Custis-Lee family: “Mrs. Lee...very naturally sighs for her old home at Arlington, from which she has been so ruthlessly and barbarously banished....she will never consent to receive back her estate if tendered with any conditions... by the Government which so cruelly devastated and appropriated property bequeathed by her patriotic father, and never legally acquired by the authority which now retains it.” $1,500 - $2,000

329 CSA Secretary of War, James A. Seddon, LS Regarding Blockade Running 2pp, approx. 8 x 10.5 in. Richmond, 5 Feb. 1864, on Confederate States of America War Department letterhead. To MIlledge Luke Bonham, Gov. of S.C. addressing his concerns about the government using the boats of the Importing and Exporting Company of South Carolina, since these boats were partly owned by the State of South Carolina. James Seddon replied that he delayed in responding to this letter since the Congress was debating legislation that would control shipping and unify the regulations for all who handle imports and exports. He also assures the governor that “...there is every disposition on my part to meet the wishes of your State, and that any vessel engaged by the State and carrying out for it the amount of cotton required by others to be carried out for the Department, would not be interfered with or restrained.”

What the Confederacy mandated was that half of any cargo on a blockade runner was to be munitions or other supplies necessary for the government, so many runners carried cotton, turpentine and tobacco going out, and rifles, medicine, brandy, coffee coming in.

They also carried some luxury items, since the profit margins were high, but these incurred the wrath of ordinary Southerners, who accused the blockade runners of profiteering while Confederate soldiers were in rags. After regulation by the government those soldiers had better food, especially imported meat, and a trickle of necessary munitions. $500 - $700

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THE CIVIL WAR | Autographs & Manuscripts | The Confederacy 330 Confederate Blockade Runner Bond, Importing & Exporting Company of South Carolina Partially printed stock certificate, 4.75 x 7 in., for the Importing and Exporting Company of South Carolina, for 15 shares to Capt. James Carlin, dated May 18, 1863 and signed by William C. Bee, President.

The Importing and Exporting Company of South Carolina was formed in Charleston in late 1862 for the purpose of running the Union blockade. [An Act to Incorporate the Importing and Exporting Company of South Carolina, No. 4651, December 18, 1862 in Statutes at Large of South Carolina 13 (1861-66)] The list of shareholders has been reported as a “Who’s Who” of Charleston society, in part because shares were $1000 each, and few had that kind of money to invest in risky investments. However, I.& E.C. was successful, in part because of the man to whom this stock was issued. Carlin was a successful blockade runner, and experienced enough to give the specifications for their vessels to Peter Denny’s shipbuilders at his North Yard shipyard. The company ordered four vessels specifically for blockade running - Ella, Caroline, Imogene and Emily.

Initially, even Bee was only reported as owning 2.5 shares. The fact that his ship captain could afford 15 may be evidence of the lucrative nature of blockade running. $1,500 - $2,000

331 Chickora Importing & Exporting Company, Charleston, South Carolina War-Date Blockade Runner Bond Partially printed certificate, 4.75 x 8.25 in., on blue imported paper, for one share in the Capitol Stock of the Chicora Importing and Exporting Company, sold to E. Petit, dated June 9, 1863. Signed by both the Secretary and President of the Chicora Importing Company, one of South Carolina’s most famous blockade running companies. Joint stock companies not only in the South but also abroad sponsored blockade runners, and although it became an increasingly risky business late in the war, one successful run through the blockade could return a significant profit to investors. $900 - $1,200

332 CSA Congressman, William Porcher Miles, ALS Clarifying CS Government’s Role in Blockade Running & Status of the Confederacy 8pp, 5 x 8 in. Richmond, 24 April, 1864. Postscripts written is “crisscross” fashion. Separate sheet with “Send copy of so much of this letter as refers to State vessels to Mr. Furman. By order of Govr.”

This letter to South Carolina Governor Milledge Luke Bonham (Gov. Dec. 1862 - Dec. 1864) in which Miles relates information about the shipment of cotton for the Confederacy, and related issues.

I have seen Mr. [James] Seddon [Confederate Secretary of War] and Mr. [Christopher] Memminger [Confederate Secretary of the Treasury] ... The latter has the exclusive management of the buying and selling abroad of all Govt. cotton. The Secretary of War has charge of this transportation (over the R.R.’s etc.) to the port of shipment and the loading of vessels with it. The Sec. of the Navy had charge of its conveyance across the water and delivery abroad - appointing or assigning officers to command all Govt. ships etc. All of this you knew before. The Prest. has decided that all vessels whether owned wholly and exclusively or partially by States, or by corporations or by private individuals must take out one half of the cargo for the Govt. so that there will be no discrimination between State vessels and any other vessels. The argument as given me by Mr. Memminger, for this uniform rule, without any discrimination in favor of the States, as first 140

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contemplated, is this - that it was becoming obvious that in a very little while, by some management or arrangement, all the vessels would appear to be State Vessels and the consequences would be that the Confederate Govt. would hardly be able to get a share in any cargo and that until it could procure a considerable number of vessels of its own (a work of time) it would be deprived of the benefit of the law made especially for its necessities abroad and its interests at home.

He goes on to address the issue of State cotton sales, which apparently have also been taking a share or taxing cotton sales for their own coffers.

In a section marked “private” the information is not so much “secret” as “personal.” He notes that he hoped to visit Charleston, but his wife had been ill and he could not get away. He also conveys his own opinions (hopes?) about the war situation.

The prospect is brighter now than it has been since the beginning of the War. Our armies stronger and better - the enemy’s weaker and worse - than they have been for a year past. Gold steadily rising beyond the reach of Mr. Chase’s manipulations. The enemy have been foiled in every attempt this year. We have gained brilliant and important successes.

Discontent and intrigues for the Presidency are weakening and distracting the Northern People - the jealousy of the North West of New England is becoming more and more pronounced - and (or most significant sign) of

THE CIVIL WAR | Autographs & Manuscripts | The Confederacy ‘free speech’ begins to be heard and to assert itself with manliness in the Yankee Congress.

One of the “crisscross” sections notes the phenomenal inflation in the Confederacy. Living here is frightfully high. Beef $5 to $6 - Flour $300 a barrel, chickens $12 to $20 apiece, eggs $7 a dozen, butter $10 to $15 a pound etc. etc. etc. Hence the importance of removing mouths of noncombatants but any notion of moving the Government (as has been hinted in some papers) from Richmond has never been for a moment thought of. I believe Richmond has never been more secure than it is now.

In yet another postscript: I don’t think a battle between Lee and Grant can now be much longer delayed and Lee will most certainly whip him you may rely on that.

William Porcher Miles is one of the more interesting secessionists.

A South Carolina native, he studied law but had no intention of becoming involved in politics. But involved he was. He actually began with a humanitarian venture - volunteering as a nurse in Virginia during a yellow fever epidemic. His service caught the attention of Charlestonians and resulted in his election as mayor without much campaigning (one speech). His success during his single term encouraged further public office seeking.

He became a hard-line Southerner, and one of the so-called “FireEaters.” A man of contradictions, while mayor he had created a corrections facility for juveniles, an almshouse, orphanage and asylum. He even provided for poor whites and free blacks. Yet he opposed northern interference with slavery and many times called for secession and war instead of compromise. He even went so far as to maintain that liberty was an “Acquired Privilege,” not a birthright. He saw Jeffersonian principles, especially natural equality, as “monstrous and dangerous,” and maintained that “Men are born neither Free nor Equal.” $800 - $1,200

333 First South Carolina Commission Signed by Governor Francis Pickens, Plus Lot of 5, featuring a 1st South Carolina Commission, 9 x 14 in., dated January 6, 1862, appointing Charles M. Cresswell as 2nd Lieutenant in the 1st regiment of S.C. Infantry Provl. forces of Confederate States.

The document includes large South Carolina vignette at top, and an embossed state seal at left. Signed below seal by Governor Francis Pickens and Deputy Secretary of State William Huntt. The document is also inscribed By Order S.R. Gist., Adj. & Inspector General of S.C., and the inscription appears to be in the same hand that completed the rest of the commission.

The lot also includes: 4 x 9 in. yellow envelope with State of South Carolina. Head Quarters printed upper right, addressed For Lieut.

Cresswell, Columbia, So. Ca.; 5 x 8 in. manuscript document on blue paper, Special Order Number 276, Hd. Qrs. 1st Military Dist. S.C., Charleston October 1st, 1862./ Lieut. C.M. Cresswell 1st S.C. Inftry. Is hereby detached from his company, and will report to the Comdg. Officer of Sullivan’s Island as Acting Ordinance Officer for the Command by order Brig. Genl. S.R. Gist, signed Wm. F. Nance A.A.G.; 8 x 10 in. partially printed Special Orders No. 28 on blue Confederate paper, from Sullivan’s Island, July 17th, 1864, making Cresswell the Ordnance Officer on Sullivan’s Island. He had been “Acting” Ordnance Officer.

Lastly, a 5.5 x 7.75 in. receipt that provides proof that Creswell owned a slave “for life.” His father had apparently given him a slave to take with him when he went off to war. The receipt shows that his father had purchased the slave free and clear, for twelve hundred dollars in full payment for a negro man named Wheaton an ordinary Black Smith the title of which I warrant and defend against the claims of all persons whatsoever also warrant him sound and healthy a slave for life. Witness my hand and seal this March the 15th 1856. B.B. Foster.

A wonderful set of papers from a South Carolina Officer who had the important position of being in charge of artillery on Sullivan’s Island. $1,200 - $1,500 SEE DETAILED DESCRIPTIONS, ADDITIONAL PHOTOGRAPHS AND CONDITION REPORTS OF ALL LOTS AT COWANS.COM

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THE CIVIL WAR | Autographs & Manuscripts | The Confederacy 334 CSA Lieut. Colonel William M. Owen, Washington Artillery, Manuscript Archive 7 items.

War-date letters and post-war CDV of William Miller Owen, last Civil War commander of the famed Washington Artillery of the Army of Northern Virginia.

Owen was a personal friend of Generals James Longstreet and Robert E. Lee, as well as Confederate President Jefferson Davis and his wife Varina.

Included in this archive is a war-date letter addressed to Varina Davis and docketed in her hand; an account of fighting black troops at the Battle of the Crater; the original cover letter that accompanied the safe conduct passes for Owen’s men upon their surrender with Lee at Appomattox Court House; and a post-war CDV of Owen in civilian clothing, taken at the W.W. Washburn studios in New Orleans William M. Owen (1834-1893) was a 26 year-old New Orleans socialite and cotton broker when he enlisted as a private in the Washington Artillery on December 6, 1860. His performance during the seizure of the Federal Arsenal at Baton Rouge on January 10, 1861, led the regiment’s commander, Major James B. Walton, to promote Owen to 1st Lieutenant and adjutant. The Washington Artillery took part in the battle of First Manassas, where Longstreet mentioned Owen for his service on an artillery battery on Henry House Hill, between Jackson and Bee. When Walton was promoted to Colonel and Chief of Artillery for the 1st (Longstreet’s) Corp of the Army of Northern Virginia, he promoted Owen to Captain and adjutant of 1st Corps Artillery. He participated in every campaign of the Army of Northern Virginia through Gettysburg. Owen was commended for his actions in rallying Jubal Early’s shattered right wing at the Second Battle of Fredricksburg during the Chancellorsville campaign.

The first letter in this archive is from Owen to Confederate First Lady Varina Davis. Dated June 8, 1863, near Culpepper C.H., as the Army of Northern Virginia prepared to embark on the Gettysburg campaign.

1st Lt. Owen had been serving for nearly two years as adjutant to Chief of Artillery, 1st (Longstreet’s) Corps, a position usually filled by a major. His boss, Col. Walton, had recommended him for promotion to major, but the application had been held up, despite endorsements by Longstreet and Lee. In the letter, Owen tells Mrs. Davis if only she would stretch forth your saving hand to save his promotion from limbo, I am sure of the “single star”. Am I asking too much? He then asks a further favor, of getting back into an artillery command: And bye the bye, speaking of stars, don’t you think that gold on red is much prettier than on yellow?

Varina Davis docketed the letter on reverse: Lt W. M. Owen / Wants promotion / I got Gen’l Preston to apply for him as chief of artillery, and he was made major.

Head Qtr Batt: Washington Artillery Near Petersburg, July 14, 1864 To President Davis’ ADC Col. William Preston Johnston, describing the dullest time imaginable here, pounding away at each other, morning & evening. Grant is expounding the “law of nations” upon the innocent bricks & mortar of Petersburg… We trust Early will apply the same dose to the good people of Washington.

August 1, 1864 (day after The Crater) Special Orders, No. 24: Major W.M. Owen, having reported to these head-quarters for duty, by order from Head-quarters Army Northern Virginia, is hereby assigned to the command of Major Gibbe’s battalion artillery.

By command of Lieut-Col. Frank Huger, J.C. Haskell, AAG. 142

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Petersburg 8 Aug ’64 (again to Col. Johnston) Describing his being wounded in action, I am for the present “hors d’combat” having rec’d a token from a Yankee sharpshooter on the 3rd inst. in the shape of an ounce ball in my right cheek. He was kind enough to spare my nose which he only scraped… Maj. Gibbes cmdg King’s old Batt. Arty was wounded on the 30th – the “big day” & I was assigned by Gen’l Lee to the command on the 1st. Grant has been very quiet since the 30th, except when Gracie stirred him up on Thursday last with that counter-mine.

Describing black Union soldiers: Are we not going to “carry the war into Africa’? You would have supposed so if you had seen the “Ebonies” on the 30th. There was many a red bayonet on that day.

Cover for Appomattox safe conduct passes Col:/ I send up a sufficient number of passes for your command, including 13 Va. Batt., Washington Arty, and Donaldsonville Arty. You must sign for all except your own which will be signed by Gen’l Alexander./ There is a difference in the forms but they are all the same. One is to be given to each man – no duplicates are to be made. Send back any blanks you don’t use, as we are very short./ Your respt./ JC Haskell/ AAG/ Lt Col Owen Cmdg Batt.

Docketed JC Haskell / Capt & AAG / Arty 1at Army Corps / Appomattox CH / Apl 10 1865. Transcription (and Owen’s own biography substitute “paroles” for “passes.”) $4,000 - $6,000

THE CIVIL WAR | Autographs & Manuscripts | The Confederacy 335 CSA Lieut. General Stephen D. Lee, ALS to General J.E. Johnston, Augusta, Georgia, March 18, 1865 Stephen Dill Lee (1833-1901). Youngest Confederate lieutenant general; 1854 USMA grad with initial CSA service as aide-de-camp to Gen. Beauregard at Sumter, distinguished service as colonel of artillery under Longstreet at Second Bull Run and Antietam, and commander of Second Corps, Army of Tennessee, as lieutenant general; after the war served as commander-in-chief of the UCV. ALS, 1p, 4.875 x 7.75 in., dated at Augusta, GA, March 18, 1865, addressed to Gen. Joseph E. Johnston at Raleigh, notifying him that his command move that morning after a delay caused by “want of arms,” and now have 1.7 million rounds of ammunition and trains at the terminus of Charlotte road to transport troops to the army of Gen. Fry. Signed S.D. Lee / Lieut. Genl. $600 - $900

336 CSA General B. Johnson, Shiloh Battle Report, April 12, 1862 4pp, 8 x 12.5 in. Battle report of the 1st Brigade, 2nd Division, 1st Army Corps, Army of the Mississippi, CSA. Submitted by Brig. Genl. B. R. Johnson to Maj. J. D. Porter, Jr., AAG. Written from Columbus, MS, 12 April 1862. Johnson notes that they arrived after dark on the 5th of April. The following morning, they were put in motion “with orders to deploy at a point to be designated in the line of battle on the left of Genl.

Clark’s command. The formation of the Brigade was in the following order from right to left: 154th H: Reg: Tenn Vols. Comdd by Col Preston Smith Miss. Reg. Vols. “ “ Col. A. R. Blythe Battery 6 pcs. Artillery “ “ Capt. M.T. Polke 15th Reg. Tenn Vols. “ “ Lt. Col. R.C. Tyler 2nd “ “ “ “ “ Col. J. Knx. Walker At 8 1/2 o’clock AM. this Brigade came under fire of the enemy Artillery.”

He notes that they were called up immediately to the line of battle, but they had to maneuver some rough marshy ground to get to their appointed position, and it took longer than expected. They arrived and found the 154th TN and Blythe’s MS Vols. Col. Blythe’s regiment had attacked a Union position. “It afterwards wheeled to the right and drove a battery with tis support from its position and was advancing upon the enemy under cover of a woods when Col. Blythe was shot dead from his horse whilst leading his regiment. Within ten minutes after his fall Lt. Col. D.C. Heron of the same regiment was mortally wounded.” They pressed on: “The Infantry of the left wing, after being reformed in line of battle as previously stated, was moved forward and came immediately under a heavy fire of the enemy’s Artillery and Infantry, which took such fatal effect as to cause a momentary wavering in the ranks. The gallantry, firmness and decisions of Lt. Col R.C. Tyler, who with drawn pistol, restored order

and pressed forward his regiment merits the highest commendation.”

An asterisk has been added in pencil after “pistol” and a note in the margin “*I witnessed this myself. Jordan.”

The battle continued, with heavy fire from the Union lines. “Lt. Col. R.C. Tyler, after having his horse shot three times and nursing a wound himself, was compelled to leave the field. Capt. Polk’s Battery was not suffering severely from the fire of the enemy’s musketry and Artillery. The 2nd Reg: Tenn: Vols. seemed to be reduced to one half its number, its lines broken and driven back....[he reformed the lines and] each time, at the very commencement of the movement, the lines were broken from the unsteadiness of the men under fire.”

Then, to make matters worse: “At this time it was reported to me that Cap’t Polk had his leg broken, more than half the Battery was disabled and but one gun was being discharged. ...I attempted to lead [the 2nd TN] past the Battery, but only succeeded in advancing them to the position they had previously occupied when I was disabled by a wound, from further duty on the field. Briefly I am able to say that Col. Blythe’s Reg. Miss Vols., the 15th and part of the 2nd Ten. Vols. with Polk’s Battery made a desperate stand and fought heavily.”

He goes on to report a few incidents that he heard, but suggests that they read Col. Preston Smith’s report, since command of the Brigade devolved to him after Johnson was wounded.

He does get in one parting shot: “Had I accomplished my purpose, I am convinced, I would now have to report much more satisfactory results.”

Bushrod Rust Johnson (1817-1880) was selected to attend USMA from Ohio, his natal state, graduating in 1840. He then served fighting Indians in Florida and the west before being part of the army occupying Texas and later engaged at Palo Alto, Resaca de la Palma

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THE CIVIL WAR | Autographs & Manuscripts | The Confederacy and Monterey and the siege of Vera Cruz. He resigned in 1847 and became professor at the Western Military Institute of Kentucky.

Later he became superintendent of the academy, and moved to a similar position at the University of Nashville. He thus found himself on the southern side of the Mason-Dixon line when war broke out, holding the rank of Colonel in the Tennessee militia, which was turned over to the Confederacy.

He has been described as an able commander, and a natural soldier, able to quickly comprehend the battlefield dynamics and use them to

337 CSA Navy Commander, John N. Maffitt, War Date ALS, August 20, 1864 ALS, 8.25 x 8.25 in. From aboard the CSS Albemarle, Plymouth (NC) August 20, 1864, Maffitt writes to Col. Wortham, commander at Plymouth, NC. He tells Wortham that he has been ordered to deliver one of Plymouth’s nine-inch guns to Richmond.

Accompanied by a CDV of Maffitt.

John Newland Maffitt was literally born on a ship, as his parents were emigrating from Ireland to New York. He entered the US Navy as a midshipman at the age of 13. He saw a good bit of the world in the next decade. IN 1842 he was assigned to the coast survey, where he spent the next decade and a half, learning all the inlets and bays of the coast from Nantucket to Savannah. He then was assigned to capture pirates and slavers in the West Indies, which he did until just before the beginning of the Civil War. Maffitt had been adopted by an uncle in his early years and moved to North Carolina. So when the war began, he resigned his US Navy commission and offered his services to the Confederacy. He spent years running blockades, and capturing other vessels. Reportedly he captured over 70 “prizes,” worth somewhere in the $10 - 15 million range.

In 1864 he had an episode of ill health, the residual effects of an earlier case of yellow fever. By summer when he had recovered, he was given command of the new ironclad ram, CSS Albemarle, striking fear in Union blockaders, since Maffitt by then had a fearless, even reckless, reputation. He controlled the Roanoke River and approaches to Plymouth throughout the summer. In September he was given command of a new blockade runner, the CSS Owl. In October, the Albemarle was sunk by a Union raiding party under William Cushing, who became a public hero for his daring escape.

After the war, Maffitt refused to surrender his ship, instead taking her back to the shipyards in the UK. He remained in England for a couple years before returning to Wilmington, NC. He took on a few mercenary assignments (Cuba 1870), but for the most part he was a farmer. He started a manuscript about piracy, but it was not finished when he died in 1886. $3,500 - $5,500

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his advantage. Things clearly did not go according to plan at Shiloh.

After his recovery from the wound received there, he aided Hardee at Murfreesboro, and was the one to detect the weakness in the Federal lines at Chickamauga. He held off the Federals in front of Petersburg, and served in many other critical positions - one of those leaders who do their jobs effectively without seeking glory or personal acclaim.

After the war he returned to teaching until his death in 1880. $3,000 - $5,000

THE CIVIL WAR | Autographs & Manuscripts | The Confederacy 338 Sixth Virginia Document Endorsed by CSA Generals Mahone, Anderson, & Longstreet Document, 2.75 x 8.5 in. This would have been the docketing on the back of this letter concerning the court martial of Private Jehu Shively, 6th VA Infy. Private Shively left his unit in June 1862 and returned in October after a 4-month “vacation.” He must have been given another chance (the Confederacy was short on men), possibly after a period of imprisonment, since he was wounded in May 1864 and surrendered at Appomattox Court House.

The document was forwarded by William Mahone, Brig. Genl., R.H. Anderson, Maj. Genl., and James Longstreet, Lieut. Genl. All signatures dark. (One can see this being bumped up the ranks in the command structure!) Ultimately it was addressed to R.E. Lee, who presumably received it, but didn’t sign it.

A nice war-date Longstreet signature, with two other Confederate Generals. $1,500 - $2,000

verso

339 CSA General B.H. Robertson, War Date Autograph Clipped signature with rank, 1.75 x 5.25 in., on blue paper. Very respectfully / Yr. Obdt. Serv’t. B.H. Robertson, Brig Genl. Com’d’g. Cav. Beverly Holcombe Robertson (1827-1910) was a Virginia native. He graduated from USMA near the middle of his class in 1849. He served in the West fighting Apaches and other natives. He was promoted to captain in march 1861, but, like so many of his fellow southerners, he resigned his commission to serve the Confederacy. Robertson seems to have given his choice thorough consideration, since he did not accept his CSA commission until August. He fought at Second Manassas and Gettysburg, among other battles. Mid-war he was sent to the Department of North Carolina to train cavalry troops. After the war he was engaged in the insurance business in Washington, DC. $400 - $600

340 Pre-Civil War, Southern Manuscript Archive of CSA Quartermaster Alfred W.G. Davis 35 items. Ca 1797-1870 (mostly 1835-1857).

As a cadet at the US Military Academy at West Point, Alfred Ward Grayson Davis was a roommate of Jefferson Davis, whom he described in characteristic Southern fashion as his third cousin once removed.

Although he left West Point before graduating, Davis enjoyed success in his career, traversing the southern states in search of increasing opportunity. After studying law, he was appointed by Andrew Jackson as attorney general for Arkansas Territory, after which he was recorded as a cotton planter in the Mississippi Delta in the early 1830s, with later adventures in Virginia and Texas.

A unionist by inclination, Davis nevertheless enlisted in the southern cause when the blows of Civil War came. In Dec. 1862, he was appointed Quartermaster in the Confederate army with the rank of Major, and given command of the important hub of Greenville, SC,

although failing health and conflict with superior officers led to his transfer within a year.

This small collection of letters to A.W.G. Davis document the peripatetic antebellum life of an ambitious southerner, with good material on antebellum society, the web of connections that linked families and friends in Virginia, the Carolinas, Tennessee (especially West Tennessee), Mississippi, and Philadelphia; southern politics; investments; land; and the economy; and there are a couple of particularly fine letters from women in Davis’s life concerning the harsh facts of separation from family and loss.

Many of the letters are deeply intimate and profoundly personal, drenched in southern manners and morals and a characteristic sense of the meaning of family and friendship. F.D. Meredith, for example, writes to James Critz (Sumter Co., AL), Feb. 26, 1843: you have not been forgotten by my by any means for I look upon you as one of my best friends and when I look back upon our first acquaintance and think of the

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friendly manner in which I was treated by you and the whole family and the pains you took to make me feel that I was welcome I never will forget it no never will time wipe it out of my memory so long as I live. I know I have spent some of my happyest days with you and a great many with your friends...

Several letters touch on the development of western Tennessee in some surprising ways. Dr. Samuel Gilbert, wrote about his private practice (Gilbert’s Infirmary) in Memphis, July 28, 1848, in terms that seem to strike a tone somewhere between a committed professional and a charlatan: Local news: Capt heart and wife are Dead. The fashionable MDs let them slip through. As it regards my success it is very far beyond what it was when you was here. I have restored some that had scroffula so very bad that they have been blind for years not only cured them but restored the sight. I shall move to New Orleans this fall...

As might be expected, slavery was a fact of life for the Davises, as seen in an agreement between George N. Davis and his son Alfred, Aug. 1836, in consideration of the love and affection which he has for (his son A.W.G. Davis), grants him right and title to a negro girl named Martha upon Special Trust and Confidence, by to permit the said party of the third part [AWGD] to have control and use the said negro & her increase to his own purposes & for his benefit, provided Davis pay one dollar a year to Armistead B.C. Davis until 1850 after which AWGD would have and control the said negro in any way most advantageous to his interest untill the end of his life...

More important are several letters touching on the growth of the political scene, including a scarce petition to congress from the citizens of Shelby County, TN, undated (but probably 1840s): Whereas it is a cardinal principle in the administration of our political affairs, that majorities should make liberal concessions to minorities not only to secure to them those constitutional rights to which they are entitled but to promote that harmony and concert so essential to governmental action.

And whereas the political parties in Tennessee are so nearly balanced as to require all the conservative weight which can be brought to bear in the 146

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primary assemblies of the people, to turn the scale for the constitution and confederacy... seeking to urge their representatives in Washington to elect their senators, one from each party, and one of the Senators should be a resident citizen of West Tennessee as this important Division of the state has never been honored by representative in the Senate... The petition mentions Congressman Adam R. Alexander who served only from 1823-1827 and who was succeeded in Washington by Davy Crockett, however this document presumably dates from his later tenure in the state house in the early 1840s.

Davis’s sojourn in Texas is not thoroughly documented, but the two letters that survive from that time are certainly noteworthy. First is a letter from Texas pioneer Hiram George Runnels, June 23, 1835: my present impressions are that my election is not doubtful, though I cannot yet tell the extent of the injury that the white question may do me. You know that I have no capacity for deception and have to rely on a straightforward and decisive stand for the Baltimore nomination. I regret much however that Wm. C. Rives was not in the place of Johnson, he is my favorite of all party for vice president, but I do sincerely hope that Mr. R will acquiesce in the nomination of Johnson. I do not go with Mr. Johnson on the doctrines of internal improvement nor could I be induced to vote for him in any event for the first office, but this is really the action of the Administration – I speak from a knowledge of Mississippi, if we divide the presidential ticket we may be defeated in all which would be a death blow to Democracy throughout our union. Runnels, the man for whom Runnels County, TX, is named, was a planter and politician from Mississippi who had moved to Texas in 1842. Famous for caning one political opponent in the streets and for dueling with another, he represented Brazoria County in the Convention of 1845.

Perhaps the most important item in the collection is a remarkably flavorful taste of life in early post-Republic Texas, a rare letter from Lewis Stuart posted in Seguin, TX, April 1, 1849, with nice manuscript cancel postmark Seguin Mar. 12. Stuart writes that he retrieved his horse from there I started with two dimes in my pocket, but thinks I to myself after three day travel I’ll reach the prairie then there plenty of grass

THE CIVIL WAR | Autographs & Manuscripts | The Confederacy for my Horse & with my gun I can make my meat, for bed & bedding take the open air; but better fate awaited me in three days travel I made enough to live upon the fat of the land & plenty left, only had to lay out two nights, upon the whole I had a most delightful tripp the only obsticle I met with was high waters which proved to be no obstrucktions. My horse proved himself a noble swimer in part a clever feller when he seemed to say take care of yourself... The letter continues with an account of crossing the river, the army in Seguin, and more.

Finally, the collection includes a handful of post-war letters along with some interesting oddities, framed by the earliest item in the collection and one of the latest. The earliest is a letter from William Barton notifying John Steuart (of Greenbrier County, VA) that he had been elected to membership in the American Philosophical Society

341 Confederate Archive Including Army of Mississippi Documents from Corinth & Jackson Lot of 7 items, most early war. Includes: 1p, 4.75 x 7.75 in. partially printed Head Quarters Army of Mississippi discharge form for J.A. Davidson of the “Rankin Rough & Readies” under Capt. E.J. Runnels. Dated Jackson, Aug. 20, 1861.

Two copies of purchase order for the “Rough & Readies,” 6th Regt., 2nd Brig. Mississippi Volunteers. Sept. 30, 1861. For blankets, skillets, pans, plates, etc. for $422.60. Signed by E.J. Runnels.

Two copies of discharge for E.L. Booth, also of Runnel’s company, 7.5 x 12 in. May 24, 1862, at Corinth. Discharged for “disability.”

Manuscript General Orders, 6 x 8 in. Head Quarters Reserve Corps, 3 May 1862. Orders for the troops to cook three days’ rations and be ready to move at a moment’s notice tomorrow morning or to night. Signed for Maj. Genl. Breckinridge by T. O’Hara, AAAG. And manuscript document, Camp 6th Miss. Vols. Near Corinth Miss. May 7th 1862. Addressed to Genl. Breckinridge, as commander of the Army of Mississippi Reserve Corps, requesting leave for Capt. Runnels to go recruit more troops.

Signed by the only commissioned officers in the Regiment. The officers then list their reasons, including the observation that ...the ranks of his company have been thinned by battle & disease more than those of any other. Signed by A.B. Willis (Adjt), W.C. Thompson (Lt.), N.H. Allen (Lt.), T.F. Lindsey (Lt.), G.C. Nelson (Lt.), A.Y. Harper (Capt.), M.L.McDonald, Jas. Stephens (Capt.).

The “Rankin Rough and Readies” was organized in Rankin County, mustered into state service at Cato on April 27, 1861, immediately after war was declared. Several companies were mustered into Confederate service in late August, initially as the 7th, then in November, their original number, 6th, was restored.

Most of these documents either relate to the company being supplied after being mustered into Confederate service or events just after the Battle of Shiloh. They would appear to be but a few of the documents generated by captains of companies. Runnels was the Captain of Co. A, but other than that, little seems to be known about him.

After the fall of Fort Donelson, the Confederate forces of the transMississippi units were concentrated at Corinth under Albert Sidney Johnston. The plan was to attack Grant at Pittsburg Landing near Shiloh, TN. During the battle, the 6th kept charging the enemy lines (manned primarily by the 53rd Ohio) at an area known as Rhea Field near Shiloh Church. Other units who began the battle with the 6th (such as the 23rd Tennessee) broke early in the fighting.

The sixth fought on unaided. Finally, their numbers were too low to be effective. Of over 425 men who went into the battle, barely 100

in 1797, apparently at the suggestion of the President of the APS, Thomas Jefferson. Founded by Benjamin Franklin, the APS is the nation’s oldest and most prestigious scholarly organization. The latter item is a superb letter from Julia Michel to Charles L. Davis, dated at Charleston, SC, Jan. 6, 1867, discussing the possibility of joining a community of Confederate expatriates in South America: What is your idea of going to Venezuela and leaving your family? It is true that the best thing to be done is to leave this country for it is impossible to live in it, in the present state of affairs, but what will your family do without you? Are they also going?

A broad sweep of southern history, touching on the westward expansion of the 1830s and the Lost Cause, this collection is both highly personal and utterly reflective of a larger culture. $2,000 - $3,000

returned to Corinth (only 60 answered the roll immediately after the battle).

Several of these documents are discharges for men presumably too badly wounded at the battle to fight again. At this same time, A.Y. Harper was elected Lieut. Col. of the unit, and J.R. Stephens, Major.

Previous holders of these positions were also seriously wounded, including Col. J.J. Thornton.

Theodore O’Hara was a Kentucky native son, who studied law with John C. Breckinridge, Vice President with Buchanan and CSA Secretary of War. O’Hara abandoned law to take up journalism. He served in the Mexican War, and shortly after, formed a paramilitary unit whose goal was to evict the Spanish rulers from Cuba.

During the Civil War, O’Hara would serve with Albert Sidney Johnston and General Breckinridge. As an extension of his journalistic interests, O’Hara also wrote several poems that caught the public imagination.

“The Bivouac of the Dead” is quoted in numerous cemeteries (and often uncredited in the North since O’Hara served the Confederacy). It has been debated whether it was written during the Mexican War or after some of his battles in Cuba. $800 - $1,200

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342 CSA Surgeon, Dr. William D. Tucker, 154th Tennessee Senior Volunteers on Shiloh Campaign, Including Correspondence & Casualty Reports Dr. William D. Tucker (1841-1918) enlisted as Assistant Surgeon in the 154th Tennessee Senior Volunteers. The 154th was a state militia unit founded in 1842, and when mustered into Confederate service in May 1861, wanted to keep its original number. It also had the appellation “Senior” added to its name, to denote that its high number did not mean it was a new unit. Tucker was promoted to full Surgeon at Shelbyville, TN in 1863, and his promotion, which is signed

by Confederate Secretary of War James Seddon and CSA Surgeon General Preston Moore is included with this lot.

Tucker had been detached to take sick soldiers to the army hospital in Corinth, according to included orders dated April 4, 1862 and signed by General Benjamin F. Cheatham, thereby missing the battle of Shiloh. He returned to his regiment immediately afterward, and a substantial part of this archive is the casualty reports from each company of the 154th, listing the dead and wounded by name and rank.

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Multiple documents are signed by Marcus Joseph Wright, Lt. Col. of the 154th TN Senior Volunteers. Wright served on Cheatham’s staff and was promoted to Brigadier General on December 13, 1862. After the war, he was employed in securing Confederate records for the official US Army report on the Civil War. Other documents are Tucker’s partially printed parole, dated May 13, 1865, signed by Union Brigadier General Henry Bertram; a partially printed June 1865 “carry permit,” allowing Tucker to own a revolver and 100 rounds of ammo, issued by the Union provost Marshal; and war-date reports on the populations of sick and wounded at various Confederate military hospitals in the Western theater.

Post-war items include a large folio scrapbook full of newspaper clippings from the first half of the 20th century related to the Confederacy, and notices of Jefferson Davis’s death. A 1915 5pp letter with Corinth, MS postmark details the Battle of Corinth, with a focus on the fight at Battery Robinette. The letter describes how Col. Rogers of the 2nd Texas Infantry grabbed the fallen colors of his regiment and rode them to the walls of the fort, leading his men in a doomed charge. The lot also includes several sheets of 20th century, facsimile Confederate $10 bills. $4,000 - $6,000

THE CIVIL WAR | Autographs & Manuscripts | The Confederacy

343 Civil War Archive Concerning Confederate POWs including Dr. John Hanson Thomas, Maryland Legislator 37 letters.

This archive consists mainly of war-date letters to and from Mrs. Annie C. Thomas, wife of Dr. John Hanson Thomas (1813-1881), of the famous Thomas family of Maryland. Bank president and proConfederate Maryland state legislator, Dr. Thomas and ten like-minded comrades were arrested in a raid by Union forces to prevent them from voting for Maryland’s secession. Dr. Thomas and the others were held POW for six months in various Union forts, before agreeing to parole conditions and being freed.

Mrs. Thomas’ efforts on behalf of her husband soon expanded to include aid to others held by the Union as prisoners of war. She became the “go-to” person for many who were desperate for news of loved ones captured on the battlefield, and in one case, was written to

by General James Barnes, asking her help in finding a Rebel POW on behalf of a family in Norfolk, VA. The Thomases were notable members of Baltimore society, as Dr. Thomas was a long-time bank president, and had served on the city council, as well as representing the city in the State House. Mrs. Thomas used her extensive social contacts to make requests on behalf of Confederate POWs, even writing to Secretary of War Stanton’s office.

What is remarkable in these letters is the politeness and courtesy of all Union officers and officials she corresponded with. Many went out of their way to help her, even as two of her three surviving sons were serving on the staffs of Confederate generals (the third son, 16 yearold Theodore, was captured trying to cross into Virginia to join the Confederate Army).

In addition to trying to communicate with her husband and the other captive legislators, Mrs. Thomas also sought the help of high-ranking Union officers to get clothing and aid across the battle lines to her relatives in Fredericksburg, who had lost their home and all their belongings in the battle.

Notable items in this archive include a 1905 typewritten letter from Douglas H. Thomas to Col. John Cassels that establishes provenance

for this lot. Douglas had been going through his late mother’s belongings, and found “hundreds” of letters from people asking for assistance regarding family members captured by the Union. Many of the letters were to or from Cassels, as provost marshal of Fortress Monroe.

Other items include a September 1861 warning to Thomas that the men repeatedly demanding entry to a friends house to “search” it were not police, but rather thieves, and to take appropriate precautions. A September 19, 1861 letter on Baltimore Police Department letterhead and Provost Marshal cover from George R. Dodge, assures Thomas that there are no plans to search her home. General Banks appointed Dodge Marshal of Police in the aftermath of the Baltimore riots.

Other letters to Mrs. Thomas are signed by Lt. John V. Bouvier, ADC to Provost General of the Army of the Potomac, and great grandfather of First Lady Jacqueline Kennedy; John Potts, Chief Clerk of the War Department; Brigadier General Alexander S. Webb, awarded the Medal of Honor for bravery defending against Pickett’s Charge at Gettysburg; Major General Gilman Marston, WIA 1st Bull Run, as commander of Point Lookout POW Camp; Capt. Joab Patterson, WIA Gettysburg, brevet Brigadier General; Assistant Surgeon General Charles R Greenleaf; and Major General Christopher Augur, severely wounded at Cedar Mountain, and commander of Banks’ left wing at Port Hudson.

Most of the letters are from brevet Brigadier General William W. Morris, commander at Ft. McHenry, and a friend of the Thomases before the war. Morris was brevetted Major General in 1865, shortly before his death.

Mrs. Thomas was in almost constant contact with Morris, concerning POWs held at Ft. McHenry. One of the letters is a pass for Mrs. Thomas to bring a trunk of clothing to send her son Raleigh, who was held prisoner at Ft. McHenry before being exiled to the Confederacy.

Another is a daily pass for Thomas to visit Confederate POWs at Ft. McHenry in the course of her humanitarian work. Yet another document is a partially printed pass for Dr. Whitradge of Baltimore to call on patients. $3,000 - $5,000

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THE CIVIL WAR | Autographs & Manuscripts | The Confederacy 344 CSA Diary of Mary Gray Caldwell, Fredericksburg, Virginia Mary Gray Caldwell of Fredericksburg, VA, celebrated her fourteenth birthday, a week after Abraham Lincoln’s election set off the chain of events that culminated in the Civil War. She remained in her hometown throughout the war, watching it become a battleground twice and a camp for army troops of one side or the other repeatedly.

An ardent young secessionist, she set about chronicling what she truly believed would be the triumph of Southern arms. Her first diary was lost when her home was ransacked during the First Battle of Fredericksburg, in December 1862. She promptly took up where she left off, and this surviving journal runs from March 1863, through November 1865.

This is one of only four known Civil War diaries written from Fredericksburg, and the only one to cover the last two years of the war. In addition to the original journal, this lot contains a copy of Volume 11 of Fredericksburg History and Biography published by the Central Virginia Battlefields Trust in 2012, which contains Part I of the transcription of this diary, as well as the complete typewritten transcripts presumed to have been used in the publication.

Mary records her wartime experiences, from holding court in her parents’ parlour with a room full of doting Confederate soldiers and officers, to fleeing in the middle of the night when cannon shells burst in town, to the resentment of “Yankee occupation” as the tides of war change. With over three years’ worth of material, any summary will, of necessity, leave out mention of numerous instances that will be of interest to anyone curious about the Confederate homefront from the viewpoint of a young belle. What follows is just a representative selection.

In her first entry, Mary talks of reports of Yankee soldiers nearby, who were planning to attempt a crossing of the Rappahannock River. If they come across here, they will take this journal as surely as they did the one before it. If so, I hope it will do the cowards good. I wonder if they read my other one, ha ha… they are silly cowards thinking they can crush us – we, the Southern people. They are idiots at this to think such a thing.

The young Ms. Caldwell entertained herself by flirting with the officers and sergeants of the Mississippians of Barksdale’s brigade, which were stationed in town. The attentions of so many men were heady tonic for a 16 year old, as she decided which were worthy of her attention, and which were not.

May saw the Second Battle of Fredericksburg, also known as the battle of Marye’s Heights, during the Chancellorsville campaign. Mary writes: The 2d the Yankees crossed below and fighting there two days after which they crossed above and in town… They ruined us a second time…

Jackson, the great Stonewall Jackson is dead… I heard one man say he equaled 10 thousand men.

Barksdale’s troops were moved out, and their place was taken by Virginians, whom Mary did not care for at all: [they] are, I think, the most ungallant set I ever saw… I saw a great many intoxicated. But the next day, she had already set her sights on a new target: I should like to

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become acquainted with the Colonel of one of the regiments. He looks like such a nice man.

Her behavior had not gone unnoticed in the town, and neither had the traffic of men to and from her parents’ house. On July 22, 1863, she ran into a friend who asked about her engagement to a sergeant friend: That makes 4 times I’ve been engaged and twice married. That will do pretty well I think. Mary enthusiastically repeated all the rumors of gallant Southern victories, though, sadly, they were the stuff of fantasy. On July 5th, the good folk of Fredericksburg had no idea that the pivotal battle of Gettysburg had even occurred, but had plenty to talk about: Great, Glorious, Grand news. I’ve just heard that Dick Taylor got New Orleans. Pemberton driven off Grant from Vicksburg, Lee cut off all communication between Baltimore and Philadelphia and that Lincoln has called for an armistice… all I hope for is that it does not prove a great big humbug.

When they heard of Gettysburg, it was told as a great victory, with Lee capturing 40,000 Yankees, and 40,000 Marylanders joining the Army of Northern Virginia. When Mary heard of the fall of Vicksburg, she was confused, but then decided it must be a ploy by Johnston to trap Grant. It wasn’t until the winter of 1864 that she started viewing such reports with a skeptical eye.

She began teaching small children in town in February, and her journal was filled with mundane things until the protracted fighting between Grant and Lee in the nearby town of Spottsylvania, which occurred between May 8 and 21, 1864. On May 9, she begins her

THE CIVIL WAR | Autographs & Manuscripts | The Confederacy entry: We are once more under the domination of the Yankees… All their wounded are here in this town and so in our house. Our back lot is full of them. On the 12th, the sound of nearby cannon fire shook the houses in town.

The next day, Mary saw something that shook her to her very core: The division of Major General Edward “Allegheny” Johnson, with Johnson and most of its officers, being marched through town and across the pontoon bridge to captivity in the North. But for Mary, the nightmare was not yet over. On May 15th, she notes that the town (and her family’s home) is chock-full of Yankee soldiers, when suddenly: Well, I have just now been interrupted by a most brave and gallant sight, a regiment of armed Negroes. They have been passing through all day. Oh, it is a most horrible sight, enough to make the hair rise on one’s head.

June 15th brought word that her cousin Virgil was killed while leading his men in a charge, and that her cousin Mort has been taken prisoner: As for poor Mort, I very much fear that his imprisonment will go hard with him for he was both spy and scout for General J.E.B. Stuart… the brave, gallant, patriotic Stuart is no more.

On November 12, 1864, Mary’s father brought word from Richmond that the Congress was debating a measure to draft 40,000 slaves into the army as laborers and teamsters, to free up white men to fight. She thought that a better idea would be to have the women do all the clerical and administrative work, and send those men to fight. As the discussion continued on, she notes, I wish no Negroes to fight for me, but it is better than to be made their equals.

In March 1865, Mary’s mother died. About the same time, three Yankee “gunboats” came up the Rappahannock to seize tobacco belonging to the Confederate government. On April 12, the rumors regarding the Army of Northern Virginia were confirmed: Lee had surrendered. Mary memorized his farewell address.

Mary Gray Caldwell penned a lament on April 27 for her state of Virginia: She is to be trampled by those who have destroyed. Her slaves are, in all probability, to become her masters, for it is said the Yankees intend on giving the negroes a vote. A negro to have a vote for our rulers.

If that is to be so, as I told Mag, I will feel as if I want to commit suicide and kill everyone else. A negro to rule over me. I think the women had better rise and take the rule, as men are found unfit to govern...We are not subjugated and never will be. It is impossible. We may be overrun and maybe we are so now, but as to the Southern people being subjugated, that can never be.

Through the summer of 1865, she argued with the Union officers boarding with her parents, trying to get them to see what a mistake abolition was: One of their Lieutenants told me yesterday that if I ever got into trouble about anyone wishing me to take the oath, he would help me out and tell them it would be impossible for me to take the oath. It would choke me to death. I thanked him, and told him that, if I ever needed his services, I should call on him.

By the summer of 1865, Mary had decided that maybe having Yankee soldiers in town wasn’t so bad. On June 7, 1865, she writes: The military are still in town, and I shall be right sorry when they are gone for I am afraid the negroes will give the people trouble. I was alays so afraid of an insurrection.

As summer turned to autumn, Mary tried to cope with the new world.

On August 5, 1865, she writes: There is a school for the colored children in town now, taught by a white man who makes the children call him Uncle Tom. Amongst other things that he teaches is… to keep themselves clean as the white children, for they are as good as they are, and then to learn who redeemed them from slavery, Abraham Lincoln.

November 28, 1865, marks her last entry: I am somebody more apt to pluck roses from the past than to remember those that are briars that have so scratched us and that there is gall mixed with every cup of sweet. No, I should look forward to the future.

Mary Gray Caldwell (1846-1930) was the daughter of Richard Caldwell, a clerk, and his wife Caroline, a schoolteacher. Mary wed Berryhill McLean Carter on January 27, 1876, and passed away at the age of 83. $2,000 - $3,000

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345 Alexander “Sandie” Pendleton, Stonewall Jackson’s Aide, ALS, April 12, 1862 ALS, 4pp, 7.25 x 9.5 in. Rude’s near Mt. Jackson, April 12th, 1862. Signed A.S. Pendleton. To his sister, Nancy, with an added note to his mother.

Alexander Swift “Sandie” Pendleton (1840-1864) was Stonewall Jackson’s youngest aide, and the only one Jackson addressed by his first name. It is said that Jackson treated him like a son. Pendleton tells his sister how much he appreciated receiving her letter, since mail delivery was very irregular: I begin to feel as if the enemy were closing in around us, and actually getting near my own dear home.

Therefore, he is planning to send the letter by way of Wallace, a friend’s overseer, since he is also sending his big sorrell horse to Samuel Campbell to recover and fatten up: I have had to ride him so hard, and been unable to get him attended to, so that he is as poor as a snake. But he is a fine horse and I want him to be gotten in good condition so whenever you see Mr. Campbell ask him about him for me, and tell [him] I say he must take good care of him, for that big, ugly sorrell horse - as he is now has carried me in many a dangerous place, and I want him to do so again.

One reason the horse looks so badly is that my boy Buck has been sick for some time and unable to do anything....

He mentions his horse any number of times, and in the postscript to his mother, he also asks her to remind Mr. Campbell to take good care of the horse. He apparently had another horse shot at 1st Manassas, and does not seem to want to lose this one.

The main bit of news in this letter is that he has heard that his father, William Nelson Pendleton (1809 - 1883, USMA 1830) has been made a Brigadier General and asks if that has been verified. He tells Nancy that he has written to his father for confirmation. He also chides his sister by telling her she can now be uppity, since she is the daughter of a General!

Most of the war news concerns Shiloh/Pittsburg Landing. We have been rejoicing for two or three days over the news of a grand victory gained by Beauregard over Buell - but the joy was mingled with sorrow at the fate of Gen. A.S. Johnston - and is now almost changed to mourning at the news of the second day’s fight in which our men seem to have been driven from the field. However, we must still trust in God, that he will 152

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bring us to victory at last and save us from our enemies. Albert Sidney Johnston led the Confederate force of 40,000 out of the woods to attack Union soldiers at Pittsburg Landing on the Tennessee River, nearly overwhelming Grant’s unprepared forces. Grant was saved by reinforcements brought in by Don Carlos Buell.

Unfortunately for the Confederacy, it lost one of its able leaders, Johnston, mortally wounded on the first day. Command fell to P.G.T. Beauregard, who made the controversial decision to delay a second offensive until the next day, allowing the Federals time to recover.

With Buell’s reinforcements, Grant counterattacked the next day, driving the Confederate forces from the field. The Union army pursued Beauregard to Corinth, where Johnston left about 10,000 men, and a month-long siege of that city ensued.

Shiloh was one of the bloodiest of the war, and the bloodiest up to this point, with more than 23,000 casualties (combined). Although young Pendleton could not yet have gotten all the information, even Grant would not “celebrate” that “victory.” Apparently, however, Pendleton was getting his news from northern sources. The journalists there vilified Grant, claiming he was drunk and Buell had to take over command during the battle. Grant had a hard time shaking this image, which persists even today. Calls for Grant’s removal also prompted one of Lincoln’s better-known quips: “I can’t spare this man; he fights” - as the Confederacy discovered to its dismay over the next couple of years.

Pendleton also notes that, The Yankees are about 7 miles from us just at Edenburg in Shenandoah County. They have about 15,000 but I don’t think they will advance shortly or if they do they will have a hard fight of it.

Most of the remainder is personal, mentioning people who had been married, etc. In the postscript to his mother he notes that he is ...sadly in want of drawers. Can you get me some of the same sort I got last fall?

Unfortunately, Sandie Pendleton, the only son (with five sisters) of General William Pendleton, did not survive the war. He was promoted through the ranks to Lieut. Col. (3-15-1863 est.). He was wounded at Fisher’s Hill, Sept. 22, 1864 while trying to rally the troops, and died the following day, just five days short of his 24th birthday. $2,000 - $3,000

THE CIVIL WAR | Autographs & Manuscripts | The Confederacy

346 Frank Stringfellow, CSA Scout for J.E.B. Stuart & Spy, Autographed Parole, Plus Manuscript parole, 2.25 x 4.75 in. slip of paper with 19th Novr. /62 / This is to certify that / Frank S. Eastman / has been parolled by me / F. Stringfellow ‘ 4th Va. Cav. Benjamin Franklin Stringfellow was born in 1840 and raised in Culpepper County. He had gone to Mississippi to teach Latin and Greek when the war broke out. He returned to Virginia to volunteer, but was refused by the first three companies in which he tried to enlist because he was 5 ft. 8 in., but weighed barely 100 pounds.

He finally decided to make a point by capturing three Confederate pickets and marching them to their commanding officer at gunpoint, telling him he could do the same with Yankees. He was sworn into Confederate service in May 1861.

Shortly after he came to the attention of J.E.B Stuart, who recruited him as a spy and aide. Stringfellow became notorious among northern commanders for his ability to slip in and out of towns and camps, often dressed as a woman, given his relatively small size and he even captured at least one Yankee who became “interested” in him while he was so dressed. He escaped numerous times from close situations, and by 1863, Federal troops had orders to kill him on sight.

Stringfellow survived the war, and went to Canada for a short time until the situation settled a bit in the south. While there, he underwent a conversion, and returned to Virginia and entered the Episcopal Seminary, and was ordained in 1876.

He tried to enlist in the Spanish-American War as a chaplain, but was declined because of age. During the war he had sneaked into a Union camp and was close enough to Grant to shoot him in the back. He decided not to do so, but after the war related the incident

to Grant once he was President. Grant sent him a letter saying that in appreciation, he or any future president would gladly give Stringfellow whatever aid they could. He now submitted this letter to President McKinley, and with the commander-in-chief’s intervention, he was enlisted as an Army chaplain. He returned from this war, also.

Stringfellow died in 1913 and is buried in Alexandria, VA. Frank S. Eastman enlisted in Aug. 1862 in the 11th New Hampshire Infantry. When he applied for his pension in 1882, he apparently discovered that he had not been honorably discharged. His lawyer wrote to Charles E. Frost asking for his version of events at that time.

Frost replied that he had become ill, and so this unit left him behind with Eastman and Caleb Hoyt to care for him. The group was captured on the 19th of November by a detachment of the 4th VA. Cav. and paroled. Frost goes on to explain that he was reported absent sick and the other two absent with leave, but someone maliciously altered the records to make the two privates appear to be deserters and he himself was AWOL. When he became aware of this, he had his lawyer get the files corrected, but Hoyt and Eastman’s files were not corrected at the time because Frost was never officially their commanding officer.

Amazingly, this letter, describing the capture and parole was reunited with the parole slip and the two have been together ever since. The ALS is 3pp, 8 x 12.5 in., Brooklyn, NY: Jan. 21st, 1882.

An exceptionally rare signature and even more rare document pairing.

For additional information, there are books written about Stringfellow’s “career” (See Brown, R. Shepard, Stringfellow of the Fourth: The Amazing Career of the most successful Confederate Spy, for one) and a short summary of his life can be found at www.stringfellowamp.org (SCV Frank Stringfellow Camp #822). $1,500 - $2,500

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THE CIVIL WAR | Autographs & Manuscripts | The Confederacy 347 Illustrated London News Correspondent, Frank Vizetelly, Who Traveled with CSA General J.E.B. Stuart’s Head Quarters, ALS & CDV Lot of 2 items related to Illustrated London News correspondent, Frank Vizetelly (18301883), who traveled with Confederate General J.E.B. Stuart’s Head Quarters and is credited with producing some great pictured stories of his heroic escapades. The lot features a Mathew Brady, Washington, DC carte of Vizetelly as well as a 1p letter written on blue imported stationery, headed Charleston, SC/ April 16, 1863, in which Vizetelly mentions spending two months with General Stuart in the field. The recipient is unknown, but he is forwarding an item he received to the recipient.

Vizetelly states: The enclosed was handed to me to forward with destination & I am not at liberty to mention the fashion of its advent into the Confederacy. I sincerely hope however that it will prove welcome to the gentlemen to whom it is addressed. During some two months that I spent in the field with General Stuart I was continually hoping to meet Capt. Harry Gillmore. Signed by Frank Vizetelly, Special Artist & Correspondent of the Illustrated London News.

A fine pair of one-of-a-kind items. $900 - $1,200

348 Hood’s Texas Brigade, War-Date ALS by J.B. Polley, May 12, 1863 4pp, approx. 7.5 x 9.75 in. Frederick Hall [VA], 12 May 1863. The Texas Brigade was organized in October 1861, and briefly under the command of Louis Wigfall until he left to serve his state as a member of the Senate. The unit was then commanded by John Bell Hood, and went through most of the remainder of its service known as “Hood’s Brigade” or “Hood’s Texas Brigade.” For much of the war it was assigned to the Army of Northern Virginia, with a few stints in the Departments of North Carolina and South Virginia, then Southern Virginia, and later the Army of Tennessee, always seeming to return to the ANV. The unit distinguished itself as a hard-fighting group, earning its reputation in major battles such as Gaines’ Mill, Second Manassas and Sharpsburg. The unit lost nearly three-fifths of its number at the latter battle (550/850). At Gettysburg it was involved in taking Devil’s Den, although failing to take Little Round Top. They were engaged in all major ANV actions except Chancellorsville, and surrendered with Lee at Appomattox. The Texas Regiments together numbered nearly 4500 men (originals + recruits), and of those, only about 600 remained to surrender.

Theses actions were recorded by Joseph B. Polley, who wrote what many consider the “definitive” history of the unit, Hood’s Texas Brigade: its Marches, its Battles, its Achievements (1910). Although his date of enlistment is uncertain, he seems to have been with the unit from the beginning. He was discharged near the very end (Jan. 1865) because of a severe ankle injury that occurred in October. Although the place is not stated, early October saw the ANV mired in the siege of Petersburg, and repulsing yet another Federal attempt to take Richmond. Active battles occurred near Darbytown and New Market Roads around the seventh. The injury was severe enough to require amputation, thus rendering Polley unfit for further service.

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THE CIVIL WAR | Autographs & Manuscripts | The Confederacy He was still in the thick of it in the spring of 1863, however. Polley writes to his father: “Nearly twelve months ago I passed this place en route with the Brigade for the right flank of McClellan’s grand army near Gaines Mill. Now I am here again but for what object I have no idea. I wrote to some one at home from Franklin, Va. while our troops were lying in front of Suffolk. I had little idea then that I should have to apprise you of how little we effected down there. The main object was to procure corn and bacon. This to a certain extent was accomplished as we did bring out nearly one million pounds of bacon and sixty or seventy thousand bushels of corn.”

He goes on to describe their hardships at Suffolk: “...those who were there could hardly be said to be off duty a single day. What with standing pickett, digging trenches, throwing up breastwork, &c. the men were kept very busy. For my part I did quite well as I was off on a trip into North Carolina after stores. I found the people very clever and hospitable - so much so that I never ate a meal or slept a single night in camp, but always at houses where the best of everything was proffered me. After being so long confined to camp or at best to Virginia you can perhaps imagine how

I appreciated such Kindness. The section of country I was in bordered on the Dismal Swamp. The land was low and sandy miserably poor. Manure of any kind was eagerly saved - dry leaves often being used. Before the war every one down there had plenty of negros but the Yankees have carried nearly all of them away. Those that are left are too old to be of use. Twenty bushels corn to the acres is an excellent crop down there.”

Polley makes reference to the victory against Hooker at Chancellorsville, “But our victory cost us a man whose equal we many never find — ‘Stonewall’ Jackson....The moral effect which this will have on both armies will be great and very hard to counteract. Our army is much depressed, while the Yankees will be encouraged to a like degree.”

He notes that they had to hold an election to replace officers, some battle casualties, some resignations. He notes who was elected, and concludes: “Thus you see not a single one of our original officers is left to us. Indeed there are only twelve of the old officers in the regiment.”

A wonderful, and literate, letter from one of the hardest fighting Confederate units. $1,000 - $1,500

349 CSA Gen. Thomas Jordan, ALS to Gen. P.G.T. Beauregard, July 23, 1864 Thomas Jordan (1819-1895). CSA brigadier general and Confederate Secret Service operative; 1840 USMA grad with prewar service in Seminole Wars and Mexican War and postwar service as general-in-chief of the Cuban Liberation Army. ALS, 2.5pp, 5.25 x 8.25 in., dated at Richmond, July 23, 1864, to Gen. P.G.T. Beauregard, under whom Jordan had served as adjutant general and considered a personal friend and mentor, asking him to put in a good word to Gen. A.P. Hill with regard to an appointment to the command of Mahone’s Brigade.

Signed Thomas Jordan. $500 - $700

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THE CIVIL WAR | Autographs & Manuscripts | The Confederacy 350 CSA Gen. Robert S. Garnett, Autographed Special Order, May 28, 1861 LS, 1p, 7.75 x 10 in. Head Qrs. Va Forces / Richmond Va. May 27th, 1861.

Special Orders No. 127, By order of Maj. Genl. Lee, signed by R.S. Garnett, Adj. Genl. Lee ordered the commanding officer of the cavalry camp at Ashland to select four companies prepared for action in the field. They were to move by rail on Wed. and Thurs. (two companies each day) to Manassas Junction.

Robert Selden Garnett (1819-1861) was a graduate of USMA (1841) and served as Commandant of Cadets later. Like many other Southern-born officers, Garnett resigned his commission in April 1861 when Virginia seceded. While trying to retreat after being defeated at Rich Mountain, on July 13, 1861, Garnett was shot and killed while directing his rear guard.

Robert Garnett was the first Confederate general to die in combat, so war-date signatures are extremely scarce. $1,500 - $2,500

351 John Bell Hood, Clipped Signature John Bell Hood (1831-1879), Lieutenant General, CSA. Clipped signature. Yours Truly / J.B. Hood; 2 x 3.75 in. (sight), framed, 9.5 x 13.5 in. $400 - $600

352 CSA Lt. Raleigh Colston Thomas, Civil War Archive, Including Reference to Sec. of War Edwin Stanton Lot of 12 letters from Raleigh Colston Thomas to his mother Mrs. John Hanson (Annie) Thomas, with many letters accompanied by stamped envelopes. 1863-1864.

Raleigh Colston Thomas (1844-1886) was a member of a very important Baltimore, MD family (His father, Dr. John Hanson Thomas was a member of the Maryland legislature. Dr. Thomas was arrested on September 12, 1861 and imprisoned in Fort McHenry for his secessionist views.) During his service, Thomas was an Aid to General Lunsford Lomax. His letters chronicle camp life, visits with many prominent family members and friends, as well as events of the war.

The young Thomas apparently enlisted in the CSA Maryland 1st Cavalry, Company C on an unspecified date. That unit was consolidated into the Maryland 2nd Cavalry in June 1864. The Maryland 2nd Cavalry conducted mainly guerrilla-operations against Union wagon trains, railroads, telegraph lines, depots, bridges and encampments. It skirmished regularly with Union General Phillip Sheridan.

An interesting side note is that since Maryland remained in the Union and Lt. Thomas was often fighting in Virginia, the letters had to be delivered under “flag of truce.” The envelopes are so marked and bear postmarks of the crossover locations.

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Some highlights from the archive include: December 29, 1863, Lt. Thomas wrote to his mother from Lynchburg, VA, shortly after Christmas. The war and the times had not been good to friends and family:…I received Mr. Johnsons’s message… cousin Raleigh died a few days ago from his wound. His betrothed Miss Harvey was with him…Poor Arthur Robinson is also no more, he died in Richmond from the wound he received in Fredericksburg…Yates Downman…died a week or so ago also Mrs. Rooney Lee died two or three days ago.

May 25, 186[4?], Thomas reported: I am in Richmond staying at Mrs. Miles’… our Bat. had a fight with Mr. Sheridan’s raiders near Beaver Dam last week lost 4 killed and 17 wounded… I have not been in any fighting since the Kilpatrick Raid [Dahlberg Affair] so don’t be uneasy…Tell the Pater families that all things are working well for the Rebs. Grant has been signally defeated & Seigel ditto, Butler ditto, Averill ditto, Sherman ditto… I hope to see you all in old Baltimore this time next year if old Grant doesn’t do better.

August 26, 186[4?], Thomas had seen his brother Hanson and told their mother…he expects to…return to “Mississippi” where Gen’l Loring has offered him a position on his staff as Chief Aid”. But bigger news was in store in the next paragraph, I had the overwhelming honors this morning to be introduced to Gen’l R. E. Lee “the general of the age.” He took breakfast with Mr. MacFarland. He asked very kindly after you and Pa. He is a splendid looking man.

THE CIVIL WAR | Autographs & Manuscripts | The Confederacy October 17, 186[4?], Thomas wrote: I was in the fight at Brandy [probably Tom’s Brook] it was the biggest fight of the war, that is cavalry fight…when we were ordered to draw sabres, I got so excited I could scarcely contain myself …I came near being captured…We turned and ran for it …at a distance of 30 feet they fired at us with their carbines & pistols but missed. He goes on to say, whenever you hear of Lomax’s Brigade you may know that our Battalion is with it…

October 26, 1864, we get a glimpse into some of the daily displeasures of army life with Thomas telling his mother that he returned, about 10 days ago with the most horrible case of…camp itch [probably scabies] I ever had the pleasure to see or feel but under the influence of arsenic and lye soap … I am [recovered].

November 30, 1864, action was slow as the siege of Petersburg went on. Thomas reported that he was comfortably clad.

It appears that the naval blockades had been working as he asked, Did Mrs. Campbell get an ambrotype of Colston through a British subject?...and in a moment of sarcasm requested…Send me a pipe if Mr. Stanton will allow it. $2,000 - $3,000

353 CSA General, Humphrey Marshall, Signed Civil War Special Orders, Plus Lot of 2, including Confederate Brigadier General Humphrey Marshall, signed Special Order No. 52, requesting immediate militia assistance, Abingdon & Zuma Gap, Virginia District, 1862. The order informs Lt. Col. Leigh (29th VA) to send a party to bring Capt. Wells’ company back to camp, and to recruit men to fill up Capt. Wells’ company from Wise County, and if not enough volunteer, they will be drafted. Typed transcription included.

Plus clipped signature, Humphrey Marshall / Newcastle / Ky. With halftone portrait.

Humphrey Marshall (1812-1872) was born in Frankfort, KY into a family with a long history in politics and the military. His paternal grandfather of the same name represented Kentucky in the U.S. Senate. He was also a nephew of Chief Justice John Marshall. On his mother’s side, James Birney (uncle) was an abolitionist, and cousins William and David Birney were Union Major Generals. Humphrey Marshall graduated from USMA in 1832, and was assigned to a mounted ranger unit in the Black Hawk War. He resigned in 1833 to study law, but raised a cavalry unit during the Mexican War and fought in Zachary Taylor’s army at Buena Vista.

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He was then elected to Congress (31st, 32nd, 34th, 35th), but declined a fifth term. When the Civil War broke out, he found himself in a border state, and his mother’s family notwithstanding, he enlisted as a Brig. Gen. in the Confederate Army. He was stationed in western Virginia, not an area that saw many major battles, but he was engaged in a small conflict with troops led by James A. Garfield.

He resigned when a good assignment was not forthcoming, then reenlisted, then resigned again. He continued to practice law, and was elected to the Confederate Congress. After the war, he fled to Texas, then moved to New Orleans. When his citizenship was restored in 1867, he returned to Kentucky to practice law in Louisville, where he died in 1872. $400 - $600

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354 Extremely Rare Blank Confederate Naval Commission, Printed in England for the CSA Vellum, 13.75 x 17.5 in. According to Official Records of the War of the Rebellion, the order for these commissions was submitted by Commander James Bulloch, a Confederate agent in England, under the direction of CSA Secretary of the Navy Stephen Mallory on July 23, 1862. After a lengthy delay, Bulloch informed Mallory that the shipment had been lost in transit across the Atlantic, though it is unclear weather this was due to seizure of shipwreck. A second printing was ordered and reached Richmond via blockade runner on November 17, 1864, but, as the war was reaching its conclusion, only a small number of the commissions were ever actually issued.

Only a handful of copies are known to exist, and reside in institutions including the United States Naval Academy Museum and the Isabella Stewart Gardner Museum in Boston. $5,000 - $7,000

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355 Manassas/ Bull Run/ Centreville/ Civil War-Date Maps Drawn

by Confederate Engineer Col. David B. Harris, Plus Lot of 3, featuring 2 wonderful war-date maps produced in 1861, each done in four ink colors on onion skin-type paper. The first map measures 13 x 19 in. and covers the area from the Bull Run Mountains on the west to Alexandria on the east. Its purpose was to show the roads, railroads, and waterways with Centreville as the center of the map. The second map, measuring 10 x 11 in., is entitled Fords on Occaquan & Bull Run. Its purpose was to show where the different rivers could be crossed. On this map, Harris also gives mileage between various points.

David Bullock Harris (1814-1864) was born in Louisa County, VA. His father was a railroad President (Louisa Railroad, which became the Virginia Central). Harris graduated from the United States Military Academy and was an engineering instructor at the academy. By 1845, he had acquired “Woodville,” a Goochland County, VA plantation where he grew tobacco and where he resided at the outbreak of the Civil War. Serving on the staff of Confederate General Philip St. George Cocke, he was engaged at the first battle of Bull Run on July 21, 1861. General P.G.T. Beauregard asked Harris to join his staff and Harris planned the defenses of Centreville, VA.

Harris was promoted to Captain in the Confederate Engineers in February of 1862, then to Major in October 1862, Lt. Colonel in May of 1863, and Colonel in October 1863. Besides Centreville, Harris planned the defenses of Fort Pillow, Island Number Ten, Vicksburg, and Charleston, SC. With Beauregard in Charleston, Harris worked constantly to improve the fortifications and these formidable defenses gave Charleston the distinction of being the longest besieged city in our history! Beauregard brought Harris to Petersburg in the summer of 1864 and he planned the defenses there…the second longest besieged city in our history! Going back to Charleston as Chief Engineer in the Department of South Carolina, he died of Yellow Fever on October 10, 1864. President Jefferson Davis had planned (verbally promised) a promotion to Brigadier General Just before Harris died. He is buried in Hollywood Cemetery in Richmond, VA. The maps are accompanied by an oval steel engraving of Harris, 6 x 7.75 in., housed in original frame with family identification on back.

Truly a wonderful Confederate grouping, which should be in a Virginia museum or Virginia collection! $2,500 - $3,500

THE CIVIL WAR | Autographs & Manuscripts | The Union 356 Union Captain John Franklin Godfrey, 1st Louisiana Cavalry, Civil War Archive including Book of Published Letters Approx. 25+ items.

John Franklin Godfrey (1839-1885), son of noted Judge John Edwards Godfrey of Bangor, ME, lived the life of an adventurer. Taking to sea at the age of 16, he later became a sheep rancher in Argentina with his brother. Returning home to enlist in the Union Army, he was commissioned on December 18, 1861, as 2nd Lieutenant in the 1st Battery, 1st Maine Mounted Artillery. The regiment was part of General Benjamin Butler’s force to occupy New Orleans in May, 1862.

Being short of cavalry troops and his forces suffering from mounted bushwhacker attacks, General Butler put out a call for volunteers to form independent cavalry companies from Union soldiers and local loyalists. Tiring of garrison life, Godfrey leapt at the chance for action, and opened a recruiting station in New Orleans. He soon had a motley collection of civilians, Union infantrymen, Mexicans, Spaniards, and

Confederate deserters that he whipped into a force that earned a name for itself on both sides of the conflict.

After the independent cavalry companies were consolidated, Godfrey’s company was designated Company “C,” 1st Louisiana Cavalry (Union), but each company largely continued independent operations. Godfrey’s men ranged far and wide on scouting missions, disruption of Rebel supply lines, and anti-guerrilla activities. Their most common foe was the local Rebel cavalry company near Baton Rouge, commanded by Capt. John B. Cage. Originally known as the “Plains Store Rangers,” they were later designated Company “C,” 14th Confederate Cavalry. Cage was later promoted to Lt. Colonel of the 14th Cavalry.

Godfrey also rose to the rank of Lt. Colonel later in the war. He was appointed Lt. Colonel of the 2nd Maine Cavalry on December 18, 1863, but resigned for health reasons on May 4, 1864. After the war, he convinced his brother to leave Buenos Aires and join him on a

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farm in Iowa. In 1865, he left the farm to his brother, and set off to find his fortune out West. He joined the Powder River expedition of 1865 and became an Indian fighter out of necessity, before finally settling down to practice law. Godfrey was City Attorney for Los Angeles from 1876 to 1880. GAR Post # 93 in Pasadena, CA, was named for Godfrey shortly after his death in 1885.

This large archive consists of war-date letters from Godfrey to his father, including his “sort-of journals,” where he writes long, firsthand accounts of campaigns in Louisiana. Many of these letters are accompanied by typewritten transcripts, which are apparently rough drafts for the book of his correspondence published by his granddaughters in 1993.

In an archive that reads like a real-life Errol Flynn movie, Godfrey’s adventurous spirit and drive shines through. In the first letter, dated June 19, 1862, from New Orleans, Lt. Godfrey tells his parents that he wishes the regiment had been sent to the Army of the Potomac: I do not like this life we are leading here, for it is not an active soldier’s life, but a mere show.

The letter of November 7, 1862, is Godfrey’s first as a cavalry officer in this lot. Writing from near Thibodaux, on Butler’s La Fourche campaign, the Yankee cavalier was loving life, not only as a cavalryman, but as a Captain with an independent command. Godfrey remarks on the ever-growing flood of slaves abandoning the nearby plantations, and following the Union Army: On our march from Donaldsonville to here, the greater proportion of the Negroes followed us. It was the funniest sight I ever saw. The whole country as far as the eye could reach in our rear on both sides of the bayou, was full of carts filled to overflowing with wooly heads, little and big, men and women. Hundreds more were walking on the levy, all blessing the pretty Yankees, and in perfect rapture of joy and excitement. The consequences 160

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is that all the plantations are left without hands, and millions of dollars worth of sugar cane are going to ruin… there are several very intelligent ones here, and appear to appreciate fully their position.

This letter is followed by a large partial manuscript, titled Gen’l Butler’s LaFouche Expedition, along with a typed transcription. Pages 1-12 and 17-20 are present, with the same style of content as the previous letter.

On November 30, Godfrey answers his parents’ questions about the two black regiments that they had heard were raised by Butler in New Orleans: The 1st and 2nd Black Regiments are guarding the Opalusas railroad. They are just as good for that purpose as white men. As to how they will fight I cannot tell. The majority of our officers whom I have heard say anything about it seem to think they will fight well. I think they will try them pretty soon and determine the question as regards the American negro’s fighting propensities.

On March 17, 1863, he writes home that he is setting out from Baton Rouge as the advance guard for the attack on Port Hudson. The next day, he writes a ten-page letter about the constant skirmishing against Rebel infantry and cavalry they encountered near Port Hudson.

Commenting on the tenacity of the men, he says: There is one thing that is certain, and that is that these people are terribly in earnest, and have got to lend every energy which we possess in order to succeed.

In his April 7 letter, Godfrey relates how the regiment’s Major is a worthless, petty man, despised by officers and men alike. He calls the 2nd Rhode Island cavalry a most miserable institution. They are continually deserting to the enemy, and seem to be a lawless, discontented set. He also mentions how a squad of his men was talked into an ambush, but escaped by charging past the enemy cavalry while they were reloading. Lt. Carlton, in charge of the squad, yelled Don’t let them take you alive, boys! as they rushed past the Rebels.

THE CIVIL WAR | Autographs & Manuscripts | The Union Godfrey’s letter of May 4th relates an incredible meeting between his cavalry company and their nemesis, Capt. John Cage’s company of the 14th Confederate Cavalry. Godfrey had gone under a flag to truce to meet the local enemy cavalry commanders, and found that one of them (Cage) commanded the cavalry company that he had often fought against. The next day, Cage and his men came to visit Godfrey’s command under a flag of truce: This morning, he came to our lines with dispatches, and I got up a good dinner and carried it out, and we had a nice time. The men mingled together, and explained to each other how they did this, and why they did not do this, in the different fights where they had been opposed to each other… What a funny thing war is, is it not? Today we are endeavoring to kill one another for our country’s sake, and tomorrow we are feasting together, and talking it over as a good joke.

In the same letter, Godfrey remarks on the arrival in Baton Rouge of Grierson’s cavalry brigade at the end of their famous raid through Mississippi. Grierson was promoted to Brigadier General due to this operation, and the 1st Louisiana would fall under his command during the Port Hudson campaign.

May’s letters cover the initial stages of the Port Hudson campaign.

Events include an account of a raid to seize 100 Rebel cattle before they could reach the defenders; a detailed account of General Augur’s offensive on the plains before the Rebel fortifications; and the first illfated assault on Port Hudson.

The June 5, 1863, letter is an exceptional one. The 1st Louisiana Cavalry took part in Grierson’s expedition against the town of Clinton, 22 miles from Port Hudson. The Union column met a substantially larger Confederate force than it anticipated. Godfrey’s troops were ordered to dismount and fight a delaying action while the rest of the force retreated. They were completely surrounded and cut to pieces.

In part: By this time the greater part of my men were killed or wounded, and the rebels charging up were within twenty feet of us, yelling and calling us all kind of names, so I put my last cartridge in my carbine and fired at an officer some ways ahead of his men, waving his sword and cheering. I then said to the men, Now boys, if we can go through them we must try it now, and let every man save himself if he can.

Godfrey and the dozen men left in his command broke up and made a run for it, encountering squads of Rebel soldiers searching the woods and bayou for them. Slowly, the men were killed or wounded, and only Godfrey and a wounded trooper were left.

After traveling about a half mile, they came upon an old Negro

woman who led them to her master’s house. The men were all gone, leaving the mother and daughter (and the slaves) at home. After drinking some water offered them, Godfrey writes, I turned to the ladies and asked them if they knew Capt. Cage of the Confederate cavalry.

The young lady said she did, so I told her when she saw him, to give him Capt. Godfrey’s compliments and tell him how near I was to being taken.

Godfrey’s wounded companion later collapsed, and Godfrey, being too weak to carry him, hid him in the woods and proceeded alone.

The exhausted Godfrey was later picked up by a detachment of Illinois cavalry: I began to think of all my brave fellows that had fallen, how bravely they had fought, and how pitiful the wounded looked when they had to be left behind. When I began to think how long and faithfully they had served and fought… I cried I believe for the first time since I was a child.

A lengthy detailed journal of the Clinton expedition in Godfrey’s hand is included, with typed transcript. The 28-page journal is numbered pp 5-33, the first four pages being absent.

On July 4, 1863, Godfrey and his men were still at the siege of Port Hudson. He relates how, last week, when ex-mayor of Portland, ME, and temperance firebrand General Neal Dow was slightly wounded, he ran off the field and hid out at a nearby plantation to “convalesce,” and had been there ever since. The other evening, when on his way from one of his new friends’ house to another, a small squad of rebels gobbled him up, and took him with them into the Confederacy, where I hope he will stay the remainder of his life.

On December 18, 1863, Godfrey was commissioned Lt. Colonel of the 2nd Maine Cavalry, but the hardships of campaigning in the swamps had taken their toll. He had taken ill at Port Hudson and was hospitalized with “the fever.” He writes his father on April 23, 1864, with a diagnosis from the doctor: If I stay here and go into active service, I may do very well for a little while, as long as the excitement lasts, but when I break down, I will go all at once, and it will be doubtful if I ever get up again.

The next week, he resigned his commission, married Mollie Milliken, and bought a sheep farm in Iowa.

Affiliated items in this lot include a copy of The Civil War Letters of John Franklin Godfrey, which includes the text of the letters in this lot, as well as other, post-war letters. Also included are a June 21, 1862 copy of the Bangor Whig and Courier newspaper; a modern newspaper article regarding the display of Godfrey’s letters as a teen-aged sailor; and several pages of typed transcripts of Godfrey’s letters that are featured in the book, but not present in this lot. $1,500 - $2,500

357 1st Lieut. Francis Brownell, Autographed CDV, Plus Poem Lot of 2, featuring a rare carte of 1st. Lieut. Francis Brownell in uniform, proudly displaying the medals on his jacket, while holding a Staff Officer’s sword in his left hand, beautifully autographed on verso Frank E. Brownell/ USA, with Gurney & Son, New York imprint.

The CDV is accompanied by an anonymous manuscript poem, 5 x 8 in., addressed to the Army, honoring Elmer Ellsworth, the first conspicuous casualty of the Civil War. The poem states in part: Our response all hearts shall thrill:/ Ellsworth’s fame is with us still,/ Ne’er to pass away!/ Bring that rebel banner low,/ Hoisted by a treacherous foe/ I was for that they dealt the blow,/ Laid him in the dust.

Francis E. Brownell (1840-1894), 11th New York, made famous as Ellsworth’s Avengers for which he was later awarded the Medal of Honor in 1877. After slaying Elmer Ellsworth’s murderer (innkeeper James W. Jackson) on the stairs of the Marshall House and posing for a popular Brady CDV standing on the Secessionist rag that caused Ellsworth’s martyrdom, Brownell became an officer in the regular 11th US Infantry. He resigned his commission in November 1863. Thereafter, Brownell saw to his own reputation, twice petitioning the War Department for the Medal of Honor and becoming a self-appointed custodian of Ellsworth memorabilia and keeper of the flame. $1,500 - $2,000 SEE DETAILED DESCRIPTIONS, ADDITIONAL PHOTOGRAPHS AND CONDITION REPORTS OF ALL LOTS AT COWANS.COM

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THE CIVIL WAR | Autographs & Manuscripts | Massachusetts 358 Captain Thomas Herbert, 3rd Massachusetts Heavy Artillery, Civil War Archive 10 items.

Thomas Herbert (b. 1822) was a merchant and local militia captain in Lynn, MA. The company, known as the Lynn Guards, became Company “F”, 8th Massachusetts Infantry (9 months) in 1862, and served at New Berne, NC, and vicinity. Captain Herbert left the regiment to be commissioned into Company “G”, 3rd Massachusetts Heavy Artillery. They were stationed in various forts defending Washington, DC, from Confederate attack. He was discharged for disability on May 3, 1865.

This archive, which includes Herbert’s Massachusetts commission as Captain of the Eleventh Unattached Company of Heavy Artillery, dated October 1, 1863, presents a rare war-date look at an attentive, doting father on active duty. This lot includes four endearing war-date letters he wrote to his small sons back home.

The first such letter is dated April 22, 1863, from New Bern, NC. Commanding his old company as part of the 8th Massachusetts Infantry, Capt. Herbert told his toddler son Freddie about the conditions of the poor little black children there. The poor little darkie boys here do not have nice clothes like little Freddie Herbert, no nice bed and sheets to lie in, no nice bed room to sleep in, no clean Mamas to keep their little black face clean…

He told Fred how a little black girl ate the meal she got from the regimental cook out of a little tin dipper with her hands, and wrote: I thought to myself if my little Fred had to eat his little supper like this little girl, not have any table to set up & no mama to fix his little supper, oh how bad Fred’s papa would feel… Now the little darkies do not get any play things here and wouldn’t they be tickled to have some of little Fred’s old play things. Can you send them some of your old ones? And some of your old clothes? Ha ha! How tickled they would be to get some, the little wooly heads.

The rest of the letters are from Herbert’s service in the 3rd Massachusetts Heavy Artillery. The first, dated May 22, 1864, from Fort Mahan (part of the defenses surrounding Washington, DC), told Fred things about camp life that would interest a small child. The next

verso

359 Civil War, Suffolk Campaign, Battle Letters & CDV of Selwyn E. Bickford, 6th Massachusetts Volunteers Lot of 4, including 3 letters from Lt. Selwyn E. Bickford to My Dear Friend Anderson, dated December 20, 1862 (6pp), February 2, 1863 (8pp) and April 24, 1863 (4pp) respectively, sent from Suffolk, VA. Accompanied by CDV of Bickford, autographed on verso, with Warren, Lowell, MA backmark.

Selwyn Bickford was a 29-year-old clerk and resident of Lowell, MA when he enlisted on August 26,1862 as a 1st Lieutenant into “G” Co of the Massachusetts 6th Infantry. On August 31, he was commissioned 162

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letter, from Fort Slocum, is to Freddie and his older brother Willie. He discussed artillery practice at the fort, and carving toy wooden cannon to bring home. A January 1865 letter from Fort Stevens is addressed to his older son George, who had started a bookkeeper’s apprenticeship.

Herbert gave him some sober fatherly advice. He drew pictures of the interior and exterior of the cottage built for his winter quarters, including the furniture, and described life in camp.

Non war-date letters include an 1841 letter from the Herbert family to their brother George in Mobile, AL; a February 13, 1843 letter to Thomas from George; and a July 7, 1843 letter from George to Capt.

Levi Stearns in New Orleans, which mentioned Thomas was attending militia training as 3rd Lieutenant in the Lynn Guard. $400 - $600

with a nine-month enlistment. He mustered out on June 3, 1863 at Lowell, MA. The 6th Massachusetts Infantry was raised for a nine-month assignment (August 1862 to May 1863) at Camp Henry in Lowell, MA. The regiment went to Washington, DC, then on to Fort Monroe, and was finally engaged in the Blackwater region that winter. In April 1863, the 6th participated in the defense of Suffolk, VA, against General James Longstreet. The siege of Suffolk ran from April 11 to May 4.

Afterward, the regiment left for Boston on May 26, arriving on the 29th. They proceeded to Lowell and were mustered out on June 3.

Bickford was very descriptive and provided a great deal of detailed information in his letters regarding the campaign, camp life, and the battles in which the 6th Massachusetts was engaged.

In the first letter, dated December 20, 1862, the regiment was stationed at Blackwater River and the camp was…full of German conscripts from Pennsylvania…and [they] are the greenest men I ever saw.

Bickford describes his…first experience under fire. The regiment moved into battle and Bickford discovered that an acquaintance, Lieutenant Barr, had been killed…I saw him as he went by with his company, he looked toward me as he passed and nodded; it seemed not more than five minutes before he was brought along a corpse, it shocked me more than any thing else that happened that day…The first we knew, bang went a gun from a rebel battery and a shell exploded over our heads. They came thick and fast, and we were ordered to lie down flat on our faces.The pieces flew thick about us, both shell and solid shot, they had got our range perfectly. One piece came within a yard of me…our loss was five killed and eleven wounded. The letter continues to say that they had…started for Suffolk and got in at half past nine, having travelled over fifty five-five miles in less than two days.

THE CIVIL WAR | Autographs & Manuscripts | Massachusetts In the second letter, dated February 2, 1863, Bickford engaged in dispensing advice about marital partners and stock investments but went on to say, The attack on this place has not yet taken place, but the rebels are about here rather thick. The regiment was…surprised by and order to be ready to march with three days rations at twelve o’clock [midnight]. It was not long until they came upon Rebel pickets and battle ensued: In front on both sides the batteries were firing, twelve guns on our side, and fifteen on the rebel. They had got our range, and they rained round shot, shell grape & canister upon us in terrible procession.

Before we had been there five minutes a shell burst over us, killing a Lieutenant and two men and taking off the leg of one and the arm of another… I heard it sound “thug” as it struck and then heard the poor men groan…For three hours we lay and took that storm. The morning light came and Bickford reported: I saw sights too sickening to relate…

Our entire loss is twenty six killed and seventy-six wounded . . . The more that I see of the horrors of war, the less taste I have for it.

In the final letter, dated April 24, 1863, Bickford described the Confederate assault of April 11 when…the advance force of the rebel army, under Gen. Longstreet came upon us driving in our pickets on the three main roads leading into the town. Immediately the scene about town was stirring in the extreme. The siege wore on and…the artillery of both sides fired volleys. The opposing armies were in such close proximity that…rebel campfires are distinctly visible . . . and we can plainly hear their band playing, when we are on our picket post. Bickford went on to say, Since the siege commenced we have been refreshed with

the presence of Gen’s. Halleck, Dix, and Keyes among us… Gen. H. says that Longstreet will soon be reinforced by Gen D.H. Hill…ant that we shall catch it. Fortunately that was not the case, but on a more mundane note Bickford lamented that food supplies were tightening and they were down to hard bread and beef…and that is not variety enough for a man who has dined at Youngs.

Approximately one month later, Bickford returned home safely to Virginia, where lived until his death in 1887. $1,000 - $1,500

360 Colonel Francis Parker and 32nd Massachusetts Infantry, Related Civil War Letters & Documents 28 items.

Francis Jewett Parker’s Civil War service began with the command of the emergency battalion of volunteers formed to garrison Fort Warren, in Boston harbor. This battalion formed the nucleus of the 32nd Massachusetts Infantry. As the new regiment was four companies understrength, Parker stayed behind in Boston to recruit more men, as the 32nd joined McClellan on his disastrous Peninsular Campaign. Promoted to Colonel, Parker rejoined the regiment with the four new companies in August of 1862. Upset over the removal of McClellan from command of the Army of the Potomac, Parker resigned from the service on December 27, 1862, after the disaster at Fredericksburg.

This archive consists of retained copies of war-date letters written by Parker, as well as original letters received. The collection begins with a letter to Massachusetts governor John Andrew, outlining Parker’s ideas for the proposed “Irish Regiment” to be raised in Boston, noting that he had been approached to command the unit. Governor Andrew sends an apologetic reply, stating that it was decided that the regiment would be officered only with men of Irish descent. This “Irish Regiment” would become the 28th Massachusetts, and join the famed Irish Brigade.

Parker’s November 23, 1861 letter to Governor Andrew, as commander of Fort Warren, urges an urgent reinforcement of cannon for the fort.

Confederate diplomats Mason and Slidell were being held prisoner at the fort after they were seized from a British vessel, and Parker feared an attack by the Royal Navy in retaliation. Several letters written to Parker in the summer of 1862 kept him apprised of the dreadful condition of the regiment in the field, due to typhoid fever and malaria. The major asks Parker if he can authorize a shipment of whiskey from Boston, so the men can be dosed with whiskey and quinine.

Parker, who had rejoined the regiment, pens a scandalous letter to fellow officers on November 30, 1862. He predicts disaster in the upcoming offensive that would result in the battle of Fredericksburg.

Saying that the army has lost its spirit since McClellan was sacked, he even goes so far as to urge his fellow officers to sell any government securities they hold before the campaign begins (a section that was later crossed out.)

After Parker resigned his commission, he received several letters from his officers, keeping him up to date on news from the regiment, and comparing their new commander very unfavorably to him. The officers actually had a little table made for the officers’ mess as a monument to Parker, inscribed with sentiments dedicated to him.

One letter, dated January 11, 1863, is from Lt. Henry Northey Hooper, disappointed in being passed over for promotion, but holding no ill will towards Parker. Hooper would go on to command the famous 54th Massachusetts Infantry after the death of Robert Gould Shaw.

The 54th was immortalized in the film Glory. $1,500 - $2,500

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THE CIVIL WAR | Autographs & Manuscripts | New York 361 Civil War Archive of the Hibbard Family, Including William Hibbard, 160th NY, Lt. Ezra Hibbard, 111th NY, & Thomas Hibbard, 33rd NY 52 letters (34 soldiers’ letters, 2 post-war, 16 home front), 1862-1875.

William Hibbard was a relative rarity among Civil War soldiers from New York in that he spent his entire enlistment in the deepest depths of the deep south rather than the killing fields of Virginia. A married man from Palmyra, Hibbard was mustered into the 160th New York Infantry at Auburn in late November 1862 and one month later found himself in Louisiana.

In a series of letters written to his wife Delia beginning while mustering in at Auburn, Hibbard provides a good accounting of the activities of his regiment, but more than that, an accounting of his character as a caring husband. Even before leaving Auburn, he was consoling Delia at his departure and worrying about her finances: Oct. 23, 1862: Dear honey, I am well & ingoy mu self throw the say, but when night cums I am so lonsum that I cant sleep my mind is an all the time I think of you night & day but more nights. Dear honey, I am sory that the folks are duning you so but you gust tel them to wait you must make them bleave that you are agoing to pay them when I send you the money...It would be hard to call Hibbard a literary stylist, but his letters are heartfelt and provide an excellent sense of an average soldier’s experiences. As he was preparing to head south, he wrote a last letter to Delia, filled with equal parts longing and excitement: Dear honey it is a long wayse to go & leave my dear honey be hind me it brings the tears to think of it. It is 3 thousand milds to texas but Dear wif I cant help it now. I wish I had tuck your advice & staid at home with you. Their was a grate time hear yesterday. They perzented a flage to our regmant & gave the cornel a hors worth 200 dollars but that don’t do me eny good...

In Louisiana, Hibbard’s regiment took part in their first action in January 1863 taking on the Gunboat Cotton, and they saw other small brushes along the River and at Fort Bisland. His letters are filled with the mundane details of camp life, and most are deeply affectionate, loving, and remain concerned for his wife, on her own in New York. In February 1863 he wrote to say that the work is not hard but it is so lonsum a hanging around the camp, and he complained of the boredom that was as much part of a Civil War soldier’s life as the terror of combat. There was No whair to go, he wrote, if you want to go eny whare you have got to go to the Cornel & get a pas. He is won of the meanist men that I ever met with. He is a reglar old grany. I pity him if ever we get in to battle. The hole regmant is down on him & he will find it out so byn by. All throughout, Hibbard gave advice to his wife on how to make ends meet in his absence: don’t work two hard if you are to wash for Mrs Walker I dont want you to do the washing for it is to hard to do the washing & ironing — I know something about the work their for I have ben their.

As spring broke, the work gradually intensified as the regiment took part in the Teche Campaign and moved toward Port Hudson. On Mar. 20, Hibbard wrote about a skirmish: we was orderd out at 2 o clock we expected sumthing was up then let them cum the quicker we clean them out the quicker we will get home... our calary had a little fite with the rebel calary. Our calary tuck 5 prisners & 6 horses our men lost 4 horses they was shot...By April 30, the pressure was mounting: in 3 weaks we have ben on a march for 3 weaks we have marched 2 huntred & 20 miles had won battle it lasted won day, no body hurt in our company & killed in the regmant the big guns don the most of the fiting. I tel you the shells did fly, for sirtin, we drove them out of their entrenchmants tuck about 2000 prisners on our march...

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Hibbard’s regiment took part in the general assaults at Port Hudson on May 27 and June 14, sustaining 41 casualties. His experiences may be hard to determine, but the first letter after the assaults, June 26, 1863, revealed the sad news. Charles A. Lord of 41st Mass. Infantry, a stranger, wrote to tell Delia of William’s death, though not in battle: he has ben sick with the Diarhea for some time and we done all that we could to comfort him and also the doctor he was going to send him home next week but he was to far gon. He died very easy and with a hope in Christ. One of our men went to him and ast him if he had a hope in Christ he said that he did and he was sencible to the last... the last words I heard him say was why don’t thay stop the war. The collection includes two more letters notifying Delia of William’s death.

The collection also includes six letters from William’s brother Ezra, 111th New York Infantry. While still green in September 1862, the 111th surrendered en masse during the defense of Harper’s Ferry and were paroled and sent to Camp Douglass near Chicago to await exchange. A frustrated Ezra wrote to William on Oct. 5: I hope that you will not have as bad luck as we did at harper’s Ferry. I hope that you will take good care of yourself and trust in god for he can do more for you than any one else. If you should get in a battle do not run but stand up and do your duty for I know what it is to stand to the rock for I did not run and I have wone a great many friends by doing so. If you can get a chance to pop one of those rebels I want you to do it for me for they played a good trick on us and I want to pay them for it...

Two weeks later, still Camp Douglas, Ezra seems to have found his resolve: I hope that you will think of your home and friends and if you see one of those things that they call rebels that are trying to destroy our peas and comfort that you will take good ame and fetch him to the ground.

You can bet that if ever I get a cite of one of them again I will let him know that they will never take me prisoner again. I will die on the field before I will be taken.

The Hibbard brothers’ letters are not elegantly written; however they are the heartfelt, scratchy letters of a people not much used to writing, but who were effective and committed soldiers and staunch family men. An excellent record of one family’s devotion to the nation. $1,000 - $1,500

THE CIVIL WAR | Autographs & Manuscripts | New York

362 Civil War Archive of Brothers, Walker, Charles, & Daniel Personius, 50th New York Engineers The 50th New York was originally raised as an infantry regiment in September 1861, from Elmira, and surrounding areas in central and western New York. Converted into an engineer regiment the next month, the regiment served throughout the war, with the various detachments building pontoon bridges, roads, and fortifications.

A large number of the extended Personius family served in the 50th, including three brothers in Company “G”: Charles and Daniel enlisted as privates, while Walker was commissioned as captain. This large archive of camp letters is from all three brothers, dating from the fall of 1861 to the summer of 1865.

Some highlights include a letter from Harpers Ferry in November, 1862, when Captain Walker Personius assures his parents that rumors of a Rebel attack there are unfounded: I don’t have anything more to say about the Rebels being upon us. It turns out as I expected, though probably they have been a little bolder than usual and our Maryland soldiers are easily frightened.

A letter from Charley relates the frantic activity during the Gettysburg campaign, as the 50th rushed to destroy all their pontoon bridges across the Potomac to keep Lee’s army from using them to escape back to Virginia. In March 1864, Walker blames liberal education on the poor condition of the Union Army! It is hard to learn volunteers who have been educated in this free country to become good soldiers. They have to[o] liberal ideas of liberty and free expression of speech. it requires a long length of time to instruct them and remodel their ideas of rights of individuals. To our form of government and society can be laid the cause of our armies’ lack of discipline and disorganization.

During Grant’s Overland campaign in the summer of 1864, Charley writes about the slaves flocking to the Union Army, and relates the prowess of what he calls Burnsides’ black soldiers, free black men from Ohio who have enlisted: They say that when they go into battle they take no prisoners… At the battle of the Wilderness they charged upon a battery and took it after our men had charged it three times and failed each time. When the order was given them to charge one of their orderlies shouted out in a clear distinct tone Boys, remember Fort Pillow! You can imagine the effect better than I can describe it. Revenge is so strong with them. Burnside also has four companies of Indians who are equally as good as the Blacks.

The 50th served in the Petersburg campaign, building fortifications and repairing roads destroyed by four years of war. Charley writes home with disgust about how the officers got all the food sent by relief organizations back home, noting that the company got 13 chickens to split among them for Thanksgiving, while the Lieutenant gorged on pie, cake, turkey, and mutton. Another letter remarks on a bizarre attempted suicide by a new recruit: A new recruit in our company has just been trying to cut his throat with a jack knife and he made a pretty large cut before he was discovered… the other day he went to the Lieutenant crying and told him that he would give him everything he was worth if he would discharge him and I don’t know whether the fellow is foolish or crazy. At any rate he is not overly smart…

The letters run through the Appomattox campaign and conclude in the summer of 1865, waiting their turn to be mustered out. $2,000 - $3,000

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THE CIVIL WAR | Autographs & Manuscripts | New York 363 Sergeant Thomas H. Mason, 56th New York Volunteers, Civil War Archive Lot of 8 letters, plus 4 envelopes, from Thomas H. Mason to his daughter Ann Divine. January – August, 1862. Accompanied by an 1861 medical advisory, To those afflicted with Diseases of the Eye and Ear, and 10 post-war pieces of correspondence with Ms. Divine.

Thomas H. Mason was born in England ca 1817 (perhaps earlier). He lived in Fallsburg, Sullivan County, NY, working as a tailor. On August 17, 1861, Mason enlisted for a three year assignment with Company I, New York 56th Infantry at Monticello, NY. He began as a 7th Sergeant and was promoted to 3rd Sergeant. He fought in the Peninsula Campaign, in the Seven Days, but became ill during the campaign. Mason’s condition worsened to the point that he was discharged for disability September 16, 1862. He died in Fallsburg shortly thereafter on October 27, 1862.

The New York 56th was organized at Newburgh, NY, including men from Orange, Sullivan and Ulster Counties. It was mustered into service October 28, 1861 for three years. The infantry’s initial assignment was the defense of Washington, DC, but in March 1862 it became part of the Peninsula Campaign. The 56th participated at Yorktown, Williamsburg, Savage Station, Bottom’s Bridge, Fair Oaks, and Malvern Hill, then moved on to South Carolina after the Peninsula and remained there for the remainder of the war.

The correspondence contains a number of interesting passages including: On March 16, 1862, Mason wrote: We have got marching orders but to [where we} are going I do not know but I think it will be to Fortress Monroe to join the Burnside expedition…When we get to our place of destination, I [will] write you again. But even as the war was beginning to intensify, parental concerns were still paramount, I want you to tell Hatty that she must not keep company with that Fitzjerls [sp] nor have any correspondence with him…nor go out at nights.

On April 10, 1862, Mason was contemplating the coming battles:…we do not know how soon we shall move to the field of battle and who will

364 Sergeant Alfred Elwood, New York 108th Regiment, WIA Antietam, Gettysburg, & Cold Harbor, Civil War Diary with Gettysburg Reference Leather-bound diary, 2.5 x 4 in., of Alfred Elwood, dated 1863, with entries for many but not all days of the year, plus a few entries from late 1862 and early 1864. Copies of various service and pension documents from the National Archives supplement the diary.

A native of England, Alfred Elwood was born July 6, 1842. He was living in Rochester, NY and working as a locksmith at the onset of the Civil War. At the age of 20, he enlisted as a Sergeant on July 24, 1862 at Rochester and was mustered into “D” Company, New York 108th Volunteer Infantry. He was fortunate enough to survive the war but was wounded at Antietam (September 17, 1862), Gettysburg (July 3, 1863) and Cold Harbor (June 2, 1864). Elwood was taken prisoner at Ream’s Station (Petersburg) but was able to quickly escape. He was promoted to 2nd Lieutenant January 1, 1865 and mustered out as a 1st Lieutenant on May 28, 1865 at Bailey’s Cross Roads, VA. He died in November 1926 at the age of 84.

The NY 108th Infantry was recruited and organized at Rochester, where it was mustered into the US service for three years, August 1618, 1862. It left the state the following day, and served in the defenses of Washington until September 6, when it was assigned to the 2nd brigade, 3rd division (French’s), 2nd corps, and engaged in its first battle at Antietam.

After Antietam the regiment served at Fredericksburg, Chancellorsville, Gettysburg, Auburn, Bristoe Station, Mine Run, 166

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live to tell the tale after the battle. No one knows, but if I live through the battle, I will write to you as soon as I can...pray for your father that the gods of battle will watch over him and may God watch over you all.

On July 30, 1862, Mason wrote to his daughter: I am not very well at present for I have got a looseness of the Bowels caused no [doubt] with the warmness of the weather…we are encamped …close to the river; so close that I go every morning to wash and to get my canteen with water.

In the second half of August 1862, he wrote that Union forces had retreated through a long march and that all his belongings had been “spoiled” in his knapsack, nonetheless they are encamped on York Town Plains with a fine view of the River with plenty of Clams and Oysters and fresh fish and a fine [wholesome sea breeze]. I go on the banks of the river every morning before the sun is up to see it rise out of the sea…then I think of you my children…and the country in peace. It was not long thereafter that he would return home to his wife and children for the final days of his life. $500 - $700

Morton’s Ford, the Wilderness Spotsylvania, and Petersburg. The 108th’s final battle took place at Farmville two days before Lee’s surrender. As a result of engaging in such heavy fighting, the 108th sustained losses of over 200 men during the conflict. It was mustered out under Colonel C. J. Powers, May 28, 1865, at Bailey’s Crossroads, VA. Elwood’s diary provides a good look into the daily lives of soldiers in the thick of the fighting in Virginia, Maryland, and Pennsylvania.

Although his reporting is a bit sporadic, one sees that life was filled with a heavy dose of the routine (rain, picket duty, inspection, cleaning, drill, etc.) and times of intense marching, movement, preparations for battle, and fighting.

There are a number of entries that provide interesting insight into 19th century military life such as: A fight between an African American civilian and one of the soldiers in camp (March 22, 1863); a visit and review from “Old Abe” Lincoln (April 7, 1863); marching back through the battle site of the first Bull Run and seeing skeletal remains scattered about (June 21, 1863); and a rather matter-of-fact rendering of being wounded at Gettysburg on July 2, 1863…got hit in the side. Capt. P. then told me to get out of the field and I did”; and a straightforward account of his 11 day furlough.

After Gettysburg, as the Union and Confederate armies meandered southward, the diary has numerous entries referencing the seemingly endless marching, waiting, and skirmishing taking place in northern Virginia. $1,000 - $1,500

THE CIVIL WAR | Autographs & Manuscripts | New York

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365 Battery M, New York 1st Light Artillery, Civil War Archive including Atlanta Diary and Resaca Battle Manuscript Lot of two, including an anonymous, handwritten diary connected to the New York 1st Light Infantry, Battery M(also known as Cothran’s Battery), covering the period of September 29 through October 31, 1864, consisting of 17pp. The diary is accompanied by a 29pp manuscript in the hand of a different, unknown writer, which appears to be a speech given after the Civil War, plus two additional short note sheets, one refining part of the speech and one listing Battery M’s battles.

Captain George W. Cothran, of Lockport recruited the members of New York 1st Infantry, Battery M in Rochester, Albany and Lockport the summer and fall of 1861, and members signed on for three years.

The battery was mustered into service at Rochester, October 14, 1861 and began with the defense of Washington DC. They went on to fight in Virginia, Maryland and Pennsylvania, Georgia and North and South Carolina at Fredrick, Winchester, Antietam, Fredericksburg, Chancellorsville, Gettysburg, Recasa, Dallas, Kennesaw Mountain, Peachtree Creek, Atlanta, Savannah, Averyborough and Bentonville.

Battery M was mustered out June 23, 1865. During much of their service, they were under the command of John W. Woodbury (Lieutenant then Captain). During the conflict, they sustained losses of 13 enlisted men killed and mortally wounded, and 1 officer and 11 enlisted men by disease, for a total 25.

The short diary, compiled in September-October 1864, begins with the entry: Capt J. D. Woodbury resignation accepted. Have to assume command of Battery today. Lieutenant David L. Smith may have authored the diary. It likely outlines a one-month interim assignment, and was compiled by someone with quartermaster duties as there are numerous reports on various supplies, horses, and logistics. The author is greatly concerned with the toll on the horses with almost daily reports such as: One horse died today and two gave out and had to be abandoned. During the night two more of the horses died… He is also occupied with the matter of supplying the Battery, received orders to go on an expedition for forage in the country tomorrow am…Revile at 3½ moved out at 5½ [started] the expedition on Decatur Street. The final item on October 31 reports Lieut E. Newkirk assigned command of battery this morning…

Early in the accompanying 29pp manuscript speech, given some 36 years after the war, the unknown speaker says: When the echo of the shot that was fired upon Fort Sumpter [sic] reverberated among the hills and down the valleys where were our peaceful homes, none thought for

a moment of the wages they were to receive when they rallied to Father Abram’s [sic] call. Clearly the experience is still vividly with him. He recounts several battles at one point saying I tell you, a line of live rebels coming at you with guns in hands shooting and yelling as they did will give almost any man a shive{r} in his spinal column.

The highlight of the piece is almost certainly the recounting of a story of intrigue and deception attached to Lt. Royal Ide concerning the death of Lt. Ezra Holden and its rightful conclusion: the death of Holden opened the eyes of our Capt. He made some investigations that convinced him he had been warming a serpent in his bosom who was only awaiting the favorable opportunity to sting him to death. Ive was dishonorably discharged.

Reflecting back on his service to God and Country, he ends, as he began on a religious note: And now my comrade[e]s, if you serve and love your maker as faithfull[y] as you did your country, you can say…”once I was young and now I am old yet never have I seen the righteous forsaken nor his seed begging bread. $400 - $600

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THE CIVIL WAR | Autographs & Manuscripts | Pennsylvania

366 Colonel William Brisbane, Correspondence Regarding Gettysburg Campaign with Rare Campaign Battle Content at Carlisle, Plus 10 items.

The Battle of Carlisle was a lesser-known action during the Gettysburg campaign, fought between “Jeb” Stuart’s cavalry and a force of emergency militia levies under the command of William F. “Baldy” Smith. The commander of the 4th Brigade under Smith was Col. William Brisbane, a veteran of the Peninsula campaign of 1862.

This archive consists of nine detailed after-action reports of Brisbane’s brigade during the skirmish at Carlisle and the post-Gettysburg pursuit of the Army of Northern Virginia.

The first report (and a water-stained rough draft) details the rush of Brisbane’s brigade to reinforce General John Ewen’s New York militia at Carlisle and the subsequent fight. A partial document describes the brigade’s attempt to intercept the Confederate retreat from Gettysburg, when they encounter a column of 2,000 paroled Union prisoners with Confederate escort under flag of truce.

On July 18, Smith appointed Brisbane as military governor of Hagerstown, MD, overseeing the pickets on nearby fords and the two hospitals in town (one for Union wounded, the other for Rebels). A July 20 roll call of 69 sick, wounded, and able-bodied Rebel prisoners, listed by name and regiment, accompanies this report. Two other reports, dated July 19, detail the actions of the 28th Pennsylvania Militia and the “Blue Reserve” regiment during the crisis.

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A November 21, 1863 ALS by General Smith as Chief of Engineers of the Army of the Cumberland gives a glowing recommendation of Brisbane. Smith requests that Brisbane be given a post in the Invalid Corps. Lastly, is a 47pp history of the 22nd New York militia in the Carlisle campaign, published in 1864. This book contains a 1904 bookplate from the library of the Illinois Commandery of the Military Order of the Loyal Legion of the US (MOLLUS).

A physician by trade, William Brisbane (1823-1880) served at the outbreak of the war as a captain in the 8th Pennsylvania Infantry (3 months) under Patterson. He immediately re-enlisted when his term was up, and was commissioned Lt. Colonel of the 49th Pennsylvania Infantry. While serving under General W.F. “Baldy” Smith in McClellan’s Peninsula campaign, he contracted a severe illness (thought to be malaria) that would hound him for the rest of his life. After commanding the 49th at Antietam, he was forced to resign due to failing health.

Promoted to Colonel, he was commanding the draft rendezvous at Harrisburg when Lee invaded Pennsylvania. He led a brigade made up of the 28th, 32nd and 33rd Pennsylvania Militias under Baldy Smith during the Gettysburg campaign. In 1872, he was appointed US Consul at Ghent by President US Grant, but was forced to resign in 1879 due to complications from his wartime illness.

Brisbane’s diplomatic commission signed by US Grant is offered as Lot 454 in this auction. $2,000 - $3,000

THE CIVIL WAR | Autographs & Manuscripts | Pennsylvania 367 1st Pennsylvania Light Artillery, ALS Written from Antietam Battlefield, October 10, 1862 ALS, 4pp, 5 x 8 in., dated Camp near Sharpsburg, Oct. 10, 1862, written by 1st Sgt. William H. Trump, Battery F, 1st Pennsylvania Light Artillery, addressed to a Mr. Creveling, who it seems from context is a friend of Trump’s who fought alongside him with the Maryland Militia. Trump recounts his experience at Antietam three-and-a-half weeks earlier: ...as for my escapes on the cornfield is truly a wonder, on that memorable 17th, the chances for escapes was few, in the position we occupied, you spoke of the corn field, that is the place, where we worked our Battery for four long hours and the place is marked with piles of our dead horses & men, the Battle will long be remembered by those who participated in it.

Trump then writes of the hardships of his battery and the Union forces in general, lacking in men and supplies, and says a good soldier like Creveling should have signed on for the entire war. ...we need men to man our Battery, we have only enough left to man two guns out of six and the men must be had and the old companies filled out soon for I fear that we are trifling too much time away until it will late and the Union not preserved. In the postscript he says that he lost his knapsack and all changes of clothing at the Battle of Bull Run, and asks if Creveling can get him a good price on a quality pair of boots.

A great wartime letter with a first-hand account of the fighting in the famous “cornfield” and hardships of the undermanned and undersupplied Union forces fighting to preserve the Union. $500 - $700

368 Private Joseph D. Baker, 57th Pennsylvania Volunteers, POW Gettysburg, Died at Andersonville, Civil War Archive Plus Ambrotype 28 letters, plus.

This archive of 25 war-date letters from Private Joseph D. Baker of the 57th Pennsylvania Infantry focuses mostly on the Peninsula campaign.

Also included is graphic battle content from Chancellorsville, a POW letter from the Belle Isle Confederate POW camp, and a ninth plate ambrotype identified as Baker. Post-war items include a photographic negative of the Sherfy House and Peach Orchard at Gettysburg, where Baker was captured; an 8 x 10 in. photo enlargement of the ambrotype, and a 1982 form confirming Baker’s unit, and place and date of death.

Joseph D. Baker of Findley Township, PA, was a 22 year-old schoolteacher when he was mustered in on October 30, 1861, as a private in the 57th Pennsylvania Volunteer Infantry. After fighting with the Army of the Potomac from the Peninsula campaign through Chancellorsville, he was taken prisoner at the Sherfy House near the Peach Orchard at Gettysburg. He died in the notorious Andersonville Prison Camp, on May 12, 1864.

Baker’s letters begin October 28, 1861, at Camp Curtin. He writes how the state failed to provide the men with clothes or food, forcing them to buy their own food or starve. In March 1962, the 57th was part of three divisions sent to Fortress Monroe in preparation for the Peninsular Campaign, where he saw the USS Monitor, just two weeks after its battle with the CSS Virginia.

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THE CIVIL WAR | Autographs & Manuscripts | Pennsylvania The campaign opens with the siege of Yorktown. Baker writes home about an early incident that happened at an adjacent regiment: The 83rd shot a soldier who was deserting from the rebel lines, but he lived long enough to tell them he was a Northern man and was pressed into Rebel service. He also gave them the address of his folks and said he did not blame them for shooting. Another rebel prisoner crows to his captors that you may take Yorktown, but you’ll never take Island No. 10 or Ft. Donaldson! This amused Baker greatly, as both Rebel strongholds had already fallen.

He next writes from the battlefield at Williamsburg, where the 57th saw its first pitched battle: I slept on the battle field among the dead and it rained all night… Oh! To hear the groans of the wounded and the moaning of the wind through the trees.

On May 19, 1862, Baker was at Cumberland Landing, just 22 miles from Richmond: I have seen all the fighting and all the bloodshed I wish for. The “Peach Orchard fight” and “Williamsburg battle” are sights I do not wish to see again, but if a fight must be, it must, and “I’m in,” for “the job must be did” and the war finished as soon as possible.

Baker’s letter of July 3, 1862, is full of the names of local boys killed, wounded, and captured during the Seven Days: We had hard fighting and lost severely all round…Things are working finely, I think, for we have drawn the rebels out of their stronghold and they think we are skedaddling, but they are mistaken for once, and a few days will show them their mistake. The joke was on Baker, though. McClellan’s army stood idle for weeks before being recalled to Washington.

On March 9, 1863, Baker strongly defends McClellan to his sister, saying that had Hooker and others obeyed orders, Richmond would now be ours. Baker also blames authorities at Washington tampering with Mac and his army for the defeat.

On May 11, 1863, he mentions a slight touch on the left arm. He elaborates the next day, in a letter with graphic content of the battle of Chancellorsville: Lt Brady was shot dead at my side, Henry Owens had his brains blown all over me, Casper Lore was shot dead behind me & thanks to God I am well! O! Such fighting as the V Corps did at Chancellorsville has seldom been equaled. The “fixin” which struck me, went through my canteen & haversack & struck me on the left forearm, bruising it considerably and causing it to swell and get rather of a blue color, but it will be all right in a few days I hope.

On June 10, 1863, the day before the regiment started on the Gettysburg campaign, he writes home. His sister had remarked how

his photo made him look like a Sickles man, and Baker replies that that is what they are: Nearly all men wear “the moustache”.

Baker was captured the second day of Gettysburg at the Sherfy House. Regimental histories show that about 55 men who were fighting from inside the house missed the order to retreat when their position was flanked, and were overrun by Barksdale’s Mississippians.

Baker’s letters end with a letter he sent from Belle Isle POW camp, and includes a cover with an OLD FORT COMFORT VA postmark dated NOV 27, and a Due 6 mark. Written in pen across the front is From Belle Isle Prisoner.

In part: I daily expected to be sent within our lines… Now, however, I know not when that will come to pass, so I will write on such material as my scanty means will permit. I was taken prisoner on the 2nd day of July in the heat of action about sundown. I am not wounded… I hope you are all well. Remember me in your prayers. Do not forget to answer this if it be so lucky as to reach you. No more for now. Your son, JD Baker.

Sent first to Libby Prison in Richmond, he was transferred to Belle Isle POW camp and finally to Andersonville, where he died of disease on May 12, 1864. He is buried on the grounds at Andersonville, in Grave #1046. $2,000 - $3,000

369 11th Pennsylvania Soldier ALS Written on Dead Rebel’s Paper, Following Gettysburg ALS, 4pp, 5 x 8 in. Near Mechanicksville, Md. fifteen miles from Gettysburg in an old Barn. July 9, ‘63.

John Gregg, Co. G, 11th PA Infy. writes to his wife, The Army is now on another move and a hard one. We left the battlefield the day before yesterday and came on same road we went last Wednesday a week ago....And now we are on our way to Frederick, Md. about 14 miles from here. Yesterday I got sick on the march and stopped here with a farmer and here I am yet in his barn... He goes on to tell her, You should like to see the army now. We are rough and dusty but not so bad as their army is. (and this only 1863!) Even though Maryland remained neutral, Gregg notes, The Rebs have done great harm in this country, stole horses, and pressed a great many young men into their army.

His parting postscript notes: All of these things [paper and envelope] come out of dead Rebels pockets.

John Gregg enlisted in late August 1862 as a sergeant. Although HDS does not list his age, his rank suggests he was probably a bit older than the average volunteer. He was wounded at Fredericksburg in mid-December. He made it through Gettysburg, but wasn’t so lucky by the end of his enlistment. During the final Richmond-Petersburg Campaign, John Gregg was killed. He died April 1, possibly as a result of the engagement at Five Forks.

After over two and a half years of slogging through the South, he did not even get to see the fall of Richmond and Petersburg over the following couple of days, and just over a week more would have seen the surrender of the Army of Northern Virginia. $600 - $800 170

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THE CIVIL WAR | Autographs & Manuscripts | Pennsylvania 370 Horace G. Babcock, 42nd Pennsylvania Infantry Bucktails, Civil War Archive A collection of 13 letters to Leottie L. Leasher, with 12 from Horace Babcock and 1 from Lieut. S.E. Bryants; all handwritten in ink. The letters span the period of September 1861 (?) to July 1864. All are signed and dated. One envelope is included.

Horace Babcock enlisted August 13, 1861 at Harrisburg, PA, as a Private and was mustered into “I” Co. PA 42nd Infantry. At the time of his enlistment, he was a 24-year-old laborer living in Norwich, McLean County, PA. Babcock re-enlisted on February 1864 and was transferred on May 31, 1864 into “I” Co. PA 190th Infantry. He was captured by confederate forces and imprisoned at Salisbury, NC. He was one of the nearly 12,000 men who died at that facility, succumbing to an unspecified disease on February 20,1865.

The 42nd, also known as the 1st rifles and the 13th reserves, was composed of woodsmen and hunters from different parts of the state, the nucleus being a company from the “Wildcat,” district known as the “Bucktails” (derived from the buck tails worn by the men in their hats).

In June 1861, the regiment was mustered into the U. S. service at Harrisburg, for a three year term. They were active in Cumberland, Harper’s Ferry, the Shenandoah Valley, Cross Keys, Cedar Mountain, the second Bull Run, South Mountain, Antietam, Fredericksburg and the Gettysburg campaign In the spring of 1864, the infantry returned to Harrisburg, where they were mustered out June 11, 1864. Remaining veterans and recruits (including Babcock) were transferred to the 190th PA. Much of Babcock’s early correspondence is about relatively routine matters with concern of “life back home”, and the anticipation of upcoming military action. As time goes on, he talks about his own and his brother’s recoveries and laments the terrible cruelty of the war. He shows his distaste for the disloyalty of Copperheads and talks about his frustrations that the folks back home do not appreciate the difficulties of the struggle. In June of 1863 (shortly before Gettysburg) he makes reference to anxiety amongst the troops as it appears that General Hooker appears to be in motion.

As the War wears on, he is showing the effects of fatigue and war weariness. His writing at times becomes almost poetic. In his last letter he writes of the wounded and dying: …just fancy for a moment

371 Abner B. Palmer, 56th Pennsylvania Volunteers, Civil War Archive 18 letters, many with covers.

In the winter of 1861, Abner B. Palmer, of Pleasant Mount, PA, enlisted in Company “A”, 56th Pennsylvania Infantry for three years, and reenlisted in 1864 when the 56th was made a veteran unit. The 56th saw action at most of the major battles in the Eastern Theater, and was the first Union infantry to open fire at Gettysburg.

This archive consists of eleven war-date letters by Palmer, four letters from family, and three from Private George Smithing of the 2nd Pennsylvania Heavy Artillery.

The first letter of note is titled Answer to “Praying That We Meet Again”, and is a transcript of a love song from a soldier to his love, asking that she wait for him. Palmer’s first camp letter was from Camp Curtin, PA, where the 56th was forming. Dated January 8, 1862, on patriotic color letterhead Onward To Victory 1776 – 1861, the letter explains why he hadn’t been home to visit - he had been exposed to smallpox five times at camp, after catching the measles from an epidemic that had swept through the ranks of the regiments forming there.

The spring of 1862 found the 56th doing guard duty along the Potomac.

Palmer’s next two letters were written as Company “A” moved from Liverpool Point, MD, across the Potomac to Aquia Creek, where they were repairing the landing and railroad tracks. On June 4, he wrote from Fredericksburg, VA: The folks that is left here looks as if they could eat a man up, but they can’t scare us. Our guards have been shot at by some of them and stones chucked,

you hear one of these sufferers in his fitful moments of slumber as he lisps the Name of Mother. His meandering Mind leads him back to that little cottage by the roadside…he sees the image of his mother as it flits before his imagination and that vacant chair by the fireside where oftentimes he has sat and listened to the sacred teachings of that lovely Being. …He was in the ranks marching on to do battle for his country…he has faced death from the bloody plains of Antietam and corpse strewn heights of Gettysburg and on the gigantic struggle for the capture of Richmond.

A little longer and he will know the result. It will end in the downfall of Richmond or the annihilation of our Army.

Unfortunately Babcock was never to know that result. $800 - $1,000

but they did not get hurt any. The folks that are left here would starve if it weren’t for our army. This part shows the effect of the war bad, but not half as bad as it ought to. Fredericksburg will be burnt yet if the people don’t behave themselves different than they have since our troops have been there.

On September 11, 1862, Palmer wrote from Camp in Maryland Some where, describing the almost non-stop marching since leaving Fredericksburg. He wrote: I have seen hard times. I have been in three battles & three skirmishes since we left Fredericksburg. Besides, I have marched nearly three hundred miles. I can’t say that I am well, but I am thankful that I am alive & without a wound, while many of my comrades are left on the battlefield of Thoroughfare Gap & Bull Run. The next letter was from Pratt’s Landing, VA, dated January 18, 1863 [misdated 1862]. Abner noted that the regiment was under marching orders, and I expect another move to be made on Fredericksburg soon. He wrote that he had tried to stay out of the hospital, but his limbs were swollen and he had suffered from chronic diarrhea for two whole months!

On May 28, near White Oak Church, Palmer mentioned to his brother that they had been on the front lines ever since Fredericksburg, except for Chancellorsville, where they lost 11 wounded and 2 dead while conducting a diversionary attack.

The letters resumed on January 15, 1864, which found Palmer at Culpepper, VA. The 56th was about to be reorganized into a veteran

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THE CIVIL WAR | Autographs & Manuscripts | Pennsylvania unit, and many of the boys were headed home on furlough. Palmer, who was Sergeant of Company “A” at this time, couldn’t reenlist until his term was up, and was afraid he would be transferred out of the regiment. A warweary Abner confided: I can’t see where this war is any nearer over than it was 2 years ago… I never want to hear the sound of a cannon or gun again, but I will have to see more perhaps next summer than last… I don’t know what has protected me this far. I never had a shot through my clothes til the Battle of Gettysburg. There I had a narrow case of losing my leg.

October 12 found Abner Near Weldon RR, at Petersburg, where he said the guns fired at every hour, day and night.

He told his mother that he had been so busy that summer that he had had no time to write. His mention of caring for his horse in this letter prompted more research, to discover he had been promoted to 2nd Lieutenant of Company “A” on July 13, 1864. (A copy of the state record is included in this lot.)

Palmer’s letter of January 17, 1865, found the 56th Pennsylvania still at the Weldon RR. He mentioned how busy he had been since coming back from Warren’s raid of Decemer 7-11, and that he wouldn’t be coming home on winter furlough: When I go home again, I would like to have the privilege of staying there. I hope one more campaign will end this war. Many think it will be ended by the end of May. The last letter is dated June 8, 1865, Arlington Heights [VA]. There were thousands of men waiting to be mustered out, but the war wasn’t over for some. Palmer wrote that the 15th and 25th Corps had been sent to Texas, the 25th being black troops. Three post-war family letters are included in the lot, dated 1867, 1869, and 1882.

There are also three unrelated war-date camp letters from Private George Smithing of Battery “M”, 2nd Pennsylvania Heavy Artillery, written from the fortresses around Washington, DC. Dated between February and April 1864, these letters were written before Battery “M” was sent to the front. One letter, dated March 30, 1864, from Finley Hospital, is on brilliant color patriotic letterhead with the Connecticut arms, probably borrowed from another patient. Records show that Smithing previously served with the 132nd Pennsylvania Infantry (9 months), which is honored with a monument on the Antietam battlefield. $1,000 - $1,500

THE CIVIL WAR | Autographs & Manuscripts | Rhode Island 372 Colonel Edwin Metcalf, 3rd Rhode Island Heavy Artillery & 11th Rhode Island Volunteers, Civil War Archive This large archive of war-date letters and documents is comprised of battle reports of the 3rd Rhode Island Heavy Artillery, including firsthand accounts of the Battles of Fort Wagner and an eyewitness report of the charge of the colored 54th Massachusetts Infantry.

Edwin Metcalf (1823-1894) was a Harvard-educated lawyer and Rhode Island state legislator when he resigned his seat to join the war.

Commissioned as Major of the 3rd Rhode Island Heavy Artillery, he immediately made a name for himself and the regiment when he led the first battalion in the battle of Secessionville, SC. Promoted to Colonel and transferred at the governor’s request to command the new 11th Rhode Island Infantry, Metcalf was with the Army of the Potomac only a short time before being recalled to South Carolina. Yellow fever had swept the ranks and claimed Col. Brown of the 3rd RI HA, as well as several other officers, and Metcalf was seen as the one to revitalize the demoralized regiment. He commanded the regiment and served as Chief of Artillery until January 1864, when he returned to Providence on medical leave. He resigned due to illness on February 5, 1864.

Col. Metcalf was Speaker of the House in the Rhode Island legislature from 1873 to 1874, and served in the state Senate 1874-1875. He served as state Attorney General and commander of the Rhode Island Department of the GAR.

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When reading through these letters, one is struck by the high regard everyone who served with Metcalf had of him. Despite his short stint as commander of the 11th Rhode Island, several letters attest to the affection the officers and men had for him. Many officers who served under Metcalf in the 3rd Rhode Island HA kept in touch after moving on to their own commands, crediting him for their advancement and fondly recalling their service together.

The highlight of the archive is probably the detailed reports by Major James E. Bailey of the first and second battles of Fort Wagner. On July 17, 1863, the major writes of the taking of the south end of Morris Island, and moving his guns to support the attack on Wagner. He relates how the Rebel artillery and rifle fire was tearing up the Union soldiers: Brayton could not depress his guns so as to protect them. He asked for engineers to go out and dig away the dirt, but they didn’t go.

Then B—ordered his men to tear away the gabions and fascines and run the guns out on the embankment, which they did.

At the second battle of Fort Wagner, Bailey’s command was in the front line of artillery, only 1000 yards from the Rebel fortifications.

This report includes his eyewitness account of the charge of the 54th Massachusetts, the colored regiment made famous in the movie “Glory”: Since writing you we have had another set to with Battery Wagner, with the same result as before. How mortifying to meet with such results when we have men enough to carry two such works... such was the tremendous weight of metal and STUPIDITY brought to bear upon Wagner from the

THE CIVIL WAR | Autographs & Manuscripts | Pennsylvania

land on Saturday. Five monitors and “Ironsides” pitched into the battery from the sea.

Sumpter troubled us most, getting a splendid range on us and bursting shells over us every time…my first piece being knocked out of position by a 10 in shell from Sumpter, covering the detachment with earth.

EYEWITNESS ACCT OF 54TH MASS. CHARGE [Strong’s Brigade] Up they went to within 300 yards of Wagner when they received a shower of grape that staggered the 54th, who were in advance, some running, but the majority pressing on to the Battery, which they soon gained. Just as they mounted the emplacement, two brass pieces from the left with an enfilading fire swept them down like grass before a scythe.

Apparently routing Yankee infantry fled back toward the artillery: … soon be overpowered we call out all our cannoneers and blockade the passage with drawn sabres and pistols cocked. The rout is stayed. Some few were shot and some more sabred down. They began to reform, got into line and did not move forward. Then I rolled one of my pieces out on the beach and loaded with a blank cartridge and fired. Away went the troops up to the Battery again. All this time the 7th NH were at the Battery

and in the works fighting and holding every inch, but an order was given to retreat and all fell back, leaving Col Putnam with his few hard men to die fighting in their tracks, without ammunition and without support.

Earlier reports include the panic induced in the Union forces and wooden fleet at Hilton Head by the Rebel ironclad CSS Atlanta: The scare increases daily instead of diminishes. Yesterday we produced palpitations of the heart in the fleet. Williams ordered us to try two guns, which we did, whereupon the fleet steams up and Dupont runs to Hunter to find out where the ram is… I have three guns loaded all the time to fire as a signal to the fleet when the ram comes.

Perhaps the most offbeat item is a letter to Metcalf from a soldier pleading to be reassigned to recruiting duty back home. Why?: During the past two months as well as at the present time I have suffered much from involuntary seminal emissions… the effects of these frequent emissions cause great debility both of body and mind…

Other items in the archive include two cabinet photos of a young and older Metcalf, as well as a CDV and ferrotype of a young Metcalf. Several copies of Metcalf’s obituary in the newspaper round out the lot. $1,000 - $1,500

THE CIVIL WAR | Autographs & Manuscripts | Vermont 373 Maj. George E. Chamberlin, 1st VT Heavy Artillery, Journal Including Sketches of Fortifications Built as Part of the Defenses of Washington, D.C. Sketchbook with seven drawings. Ca 1863.

A native of St. Johnsbury in far-northern Vermont, George Chamberlin was born June 30, 1838. Educated at the St. Johnsbury Academy, Dartmouth College (1860), and Harvard Law (1862), he postponed his career plans to respond to Lincoln’s call for 300,000 volunteers during the summer of 1862.

Still only 24 years old, Chamberlin was commissioned as Captain in the 11th Vermont Infantry, a unit which was later redesignated the 1st Vermont Heavy Artillery, but within days he received a promotion to Major and later to Lt. Col. Most of his service was performed with the heavy guns that graced the ring of forts surrounding Washington, D.C., commanding Forts Totten and Lincoln in succession. According to an account in the Vermont Journal (Jan. 7, 1865) Chamberlin earned

a reputation for instilling proper military discipline in his commands: “To Chamberlin, (then Major), fell the command of Fort Totten. And the fort, with its surroundings, at first rude and incompetent, at length, under his directing hand, finished and invested with an air of neatness and beauty, stands today an enduring memorial of his excellent taste, good judgment, perseverance and discipline, and fidelity to the responsible trust committed to his care.”

After lengthy, relatively uneventful service, the 1st Vermont Heavy Artillery was called into emergency action on May 12, 1864, taking hurried part in the horrific engagements at Spotsylvania, Cold Harbor, and Petersburg, before moving into the Valley Campaign that fall.

While leading a skirmish line at Charlestown, WV, on Aug. 21, 1864, Chamberlin became one of 32 casualties sustained by his regiment that day. Shot through the abdomen, he died of his wounds the next day in the hospital at Sandy Hook, MD.

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This delicate sketchbook shows the precision and care that marked Chamberlin’s time in service at Washington, D.C. Signed by Chamberlin on the free front end paper at Fort Totten, it includes seven sketches in pencil and ink with tissue paper guards, some with caption on opposite page, and at the end of the volume are tables for ranges of 24 pound siege guns and 32 pound coast guns, 8 inch siege howitzers. The drawings include: 1. Plan of fortification showing gun emplacements, magazine, and powder magazine 2. Roads and terrain around Fts. Bunker Hill and Slemmer 3. Roads and terrain around Fts. Bunker Hill, Saratoga, and Thayer 4. Unidentified location 5. Roads and terrain around Fts. Slocum and Stevens, hospital 6. Ditto 7. Terrain near Rock Creek Church and rectory Apart from the plan of fortifications, the drawings are all topographical drawings of the terrain, probably as seen from Fort Totten, with roads and significant buildings carefully noted. Most of the structures depicted on the maps are labeled with a number, probably representing the distance of the structure in yards. The sketches are immaculate and intricately detailed, made on the pages of a high quality autograph album, leather bound with tooled gilt decoration on cover and spine. $3,000 - $5,000

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THE CIVIL WAR | Autographs & Manuscripts | Maryland 374 Robert Stedman, 3rd Maryland Battalion, Civil War Archive Archive of 39 letters from Robert Stedman to his “betrothed” Hattie Beaver, dating from June 1863 to July 1865, many accompanied by the original envelopes. Additional documents include: four envelopes addressed to Stedman; a recommendation for consideration of Gen. Wm. F. Rogers as a candidate for Department Commander in the Grand Army; and a partial document, perhaps a Leave of Absence note.

Robert Stedman enlisted as a private in the Maryland 3rd Infantry August 12, 1861. During his four years in the military he was promoted to Sergeant and then to 1st Lieutenant. He was 1st Lieutenant and Assistant Regimental Quartermaster at his mustering out on July 31, 1865. While Stedman served in a Maryland unit, it appears from his letters that he was from the New York City area. He was born ca 1844 and lived to 54 years of age. He is buried at Hackensack Cemetery, NJ. Ms. Beaver was receiving her mail in New York City, Long Island, Staten Island, and New Jersey during this period.

The Maryland 3rd Infantry was organized at Baltimore and Williamsport, MD on June 18, 1861. It was mustered out July 31, 1865, at Arlington Heights, VA. The unit was organized into Companies A through I in its early months and initially attached to Dix’s Division in Baltimore.

This was a very active regiment that saw action at Harpers Ferry, Cedar Mountain, Manassas, Antietam, Fredericksburg, Chancellorsville, Gettysburg, the Wilderness, Spotsylvania, Cold Harbor, and Petersburg. The Regiment lost 8 Officers and 83 enlisted men killed and mortally wounded; 4 officers and 130 enlisted men to disease, for a total of 225 during its service.

The correspondence contains many interesting observations from Stedman while serving at the front: On June 30, 1863, he writes: …we have bid adieu to the Sacred Soil of Virginia …and are now in Pennsylvania (moving toward Gettysburg).

Our Cavalry …had a skirmish this morning at Hanover… our men were driven back 7 miles but were reinforced and drove the rebels back, capturing some of the Rebs…The whole Army of the Potomac are after the Rebs. Look out for some good news from this Army soon…we have the advantage of being in one of our own States…If we give the Rebs a sound thrashing …and Grant captured Vicksburg it will be the death blow to the Rebs…

On July 21st he comments on the New York City draft riots: What ails the people of New York to kick up such a fuss just as our Armies are so victorious, one would think that they would volunteer…but they act just the contrary way…nothing could please the Southern Confederacy better…

On December 13, 1863, he was optimistically considering re-enlisting: Our Armies are doing admirably now and if we will meet no reverses, I’m confident that this “cruel war” will meet with a speedy termination…

I have a great notion to re-enlist as by doing so I can get a thirty day furlough [and] also a large bounty…

On April 26, 1864, having re-enlisted and gone home for a furlough, the Regiment was heading toward the Battle of the Wilderness and onward to Richmond: …we expect to have the extreme pleasure of taking the famous Richmond “the last ditch of the Rebs” although I feel satisfied that a great many brave men will be slaughtered before we succeed…perhaps your Bob may be one of the number … and if on earth we should meet no more, may we be prepared meet at our Father’s throne to part no more…

By June 5, 1864, the Regiment had battled at Spotsylvania, was at Cold Harbor and preparing to move on to Richmond: Grant is determined

that this thing shall be no more…and God grant that it may be so… there has been fighting every day…but not without a fearful loss…our little Regiment has suffered severely for its size we have lost upwards of fifty killed, wounded and prisoners since the fighting commenced.

On August 7th, he writes of the Battle of the Crater: Our forces met with rather a severe repulse on their assault on the enemies works. Our little Regiment lost twenty five in killed, wounded and prisoners, and he discusses an earlier but failed plot by the Confederate Army to use the same mining and explosion tactic.

As the war continued on, Atlanta fell and President Lincoln was reelected. Stedman felt strongly about the matter: Uncle Abe is re-elected and the friends of Little Mac are very much chopfallen at the defeat … [and] nothing could have pleased me so much…. The rebels of the South and the Copperheads of North were confident Mac would win and in his election the Rebs thought to accomplish their independence… As for England and France, Lincoln’s victory will be a bitter pill for them to swallow.

Thanksgiving and Christmas went by and the winter encampment wore on but fighting picked up in February, and on the 22nd he writes: I think our cause never looked so bright…and a few months more will see the end of this unnatural struggle. Deserters from the enemy are coming into our lines at an alarming rate…they all report that the Rebels are preparing to evacuate this line and probably Richmond.

As the war moved into its last actions, Stedman wrote several letters about final battles, Lincoln’s death, and the ironies of war- a fellow soldier was mustered out, on his way home and is killed in a train accident. His final letter, on July 18 predicts that he will be mustered out in two weeks and perhaps it may be a month. Fortunately this time he was right and the unit was mustered out at the end of the month. $3,000 - $5,000

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THE CIVIL WAR | Autographs & Manuscripts | Maryland 375 6th Maryland Infantry, ALS Written After Crossing Antietam Battlefield, With “Dead Rebel’s Button” ALS, 4pp, 5 x 8 in., Williams Port, (MD), Oct. 21, 1862. Clearly written in pencil; spelling is phonetic.

James F. Stepter enlisted in the three-year 6th Maryland Infantry in August 1862 as a private. This letter, from Oct. 1862, would be early in the unit’s experience. James writes to his wife: I supose you think I have deserted you. But it is not the cace...We have marched thirty Miles in a little over two days. We are now at Williamsport on the potomic river.... we marched over the great Battle ground [Antietam] and I have seen some of the efects of fighting. the fences and trees are tore to pieces by shot and shell. houses and Bridges Burned down and it stinks all around.

But we have pased that now and we are in a better place although the rebel pickets are about two miles from us. He reassures her later: you need not be afraid of me geting in to a batel soon as we are only to gaurd around here.

Their luck would not hold. The 6th Maryland would be heavily engaged at Fredericksburg, and decimated at Rappahannock Station.

Private Stepter would be wounded and taken prisoner on May 5, 1864 during the bloodbath that was the Battle of the Wilderness. He is reported to have died at Andersonville, although the date of his death is not known.

Stepter sent his wife a souvenir: Inclosed you will find A buton that I cut off a dead rebels shirt. It is the only thing I can send you at present. The button remains with the letter. $400 - $600

THE CIVIL WAR | Autographs & Manuscripts | Ohio 376 Lt. Col. Thomas C. Boone, 115th Ohio Infantry, Civil War Manuscript & Photographic Archive 59 war-date letters (including 23 soldier’s letters); 6 pre- and post-war letters; journal, 1874; 6 post-war account books; plus 130+ photographs, mostly unidentified subjects, including 16 photographs of Boone. Ca 1850-1874.

The 115th Ohio performed much of the dirty work necessary in the western theatre during the Civil War. Raised primarily in Columbiana County and mustering into the federal service at Camp Massillon in August 1862, the regiment was temporarily split early up in its service, with roughly half, under the command of then-Lt. Col. Thomas Boone, assigned to guard duty at Camp Chase Prison and the other half to duty at Cincinnati. Overseeing both political and military prisoners at a time of profound instability in the state, Boone was at the epicenter of a vicious legal battle, caught between the state’s Copperhead civil authorities who had issued a writ of habeas corpus for the outspoken Peace Democrat Clement Vallandingham and his own commanding general Ambrose Burnside, who had ordered that all habeas corpus orders from state be ignored. As a military man, Boone followed his commander’s orders, even after a judge ordered his arrest: only the body guard he had gathered around him prevented the arrest from being carried out.

From the late summer 1863 through the end of the war, Boone and his regiment were assigned to suppress guerrilla activity in Kentucky and Tennessee and to ward off the periodic raids from Confederate forces. In July 1863, he pursued John Morgan during the raid into Ohio, and he saw a series of sharp engagements at Lavergne, TN, on Aug. 31, 1864, and during Hood’s campaign near Nashville in 176

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Dec. 1864. On Dec. 4 that year, he commanded a detachment of the 115th, supplemented with “Colored” troops from the 14th and 44th USCT, which was assigned to defend a series of stockades and block houses. He fought fiercely until forced to retreat in good order to Nashville: I knew that should the place be surrendered or taken by assault a butchery would follow... Boone was cited for taking command of the 3rd Michigan at Murfreesboro on Dec 7, 1864, and inflicting heavy losses on Confederate Gen. Abe Buford. He remained in Tennessee until the end of the war, discharged at Cleveland on July 7, 1865.

Thereafter, the 115th fared less well: three companies of the regiment were captured during Hood’s advance on Nashville and when they were finally freed at war’s end, were transported north aboard the ill-fated steamer Sultana. Eighty-three of Boone’s men lost their lives that day.

Although Boone’s letters contain almost no significant battle content (apart from a few mentions of Nathan Bedford Forrest and other guerrilla activity) and nothing relating to either his experience as a political hot potato in Ohio or the Sultana, they are nevertheless sterling examples of Civil War correspondence. These lovely, warm letters to his wife Mary (apparently a convinced Quaker) and daughter Sarah at home in Salem, OH, are filled with unusual details revealing the intimacy uniting a family separated by war: sending home two pairs of mocking birds (do not expect they will sing much before spring, in your cold climate), visiting wounded men in the hospital, and politics are all mixed with discussions of his military experiences in Tennessee.

Among the highlights of the collection are several important letters in which Boone discusses race and slavery in occupied Tennessee.

From Murfreesboro, Jan 31, 1864, he wrote: I expect to take Pete with me to Gallatin & the whole rounds – says he likes the yankeys better that [sic] the Rebs. His father called to see me, wants me to take Pete’s sister and send home – have not seen her. She is about 15 years old & the old man says she is a christian. Tell Alma there is a large opening here to teach the ‘degraded race,’ but how she could get at it or who to apply to cannot at present inform her. There are some northern ladies in Murfreesboro teaching the colored girls & boys, but suppose she have to apply through some Christian missionary Society, and do not know whether they admit Quakeresses....

Even better are two letters describing the impact the war had on slave-holders in Tennessee. Boone was not a war-time convert to antislavery, he had been an opponent of slavery before the war.

Among the small number of pre-war letters in the collection is an 1859 letter written by Boone from Macon City, MO, Oct. 5, 1859, in which he observed optimistically: Slavery is nearly extinct here you do

not see but very few, occasionally you see them at Hottells. We have 4 at this House I am now stopping at. There is one little fellow here about ten years old that would attract Farcey’s attention, he is naturally the cutest darkey I ever saw. He reminds me of the darkies described in Uncle Tom’s Cabbin who could not keep still one moment. This fellow has a fashion of blinking, especially when he is waiting on the table & has generally a very commick appearance....

War shaded his opinions of slavery. Beginning with a detailed description of a visit to the Stones River battlefield, thick with graves for ten square miles, Boone’s letter of Jan. 17, 1864, followed with an account of visiting a local farm: instead of finding the master & mistress found it full of negroes – inquired where their master was – answer, got no massa – have a missa – who got married about a month ago, lives about a mile off – is mighty sick. Rebs took all her horses mules cows &c., and she is a Reb. I asked a negro man and woman why they did not leave her, replied the latter here is four children cant leave them & cant take them with me – the farmer made similar answer... His glee was hardly restrained a month later when he stumbled onto a novel scene near Gallatin: I saw last week something that done me a great deal of good.

A man who has been a Reb long enough to loose all his slaves, chopping wood. He went at it very awkward indeed, the whole comy. were watching him for some time from our window – it is also strange to see Genl. Paine hireing negroes to there once masters, and telling them they are no more slaves but free black men, but they must work harder now then they did when slaves – something of that kind occurring every day...

Boone’s ardor for the war was unflagging. In October 1864, he wrote: As anxious as I am to be home with my little family and friends permanently, do not expect to or intend comming untill these Rebbs are compelled to lay down their arms and return to their parent government as all unruly and wicked children should for correction and punishment, and that time is not now far distant. The copperheads need not cry peace any longer on their terms, it is comming fast on better terms, and I hope on a basis that will if possible make us a stronger and more prosperous government than before this Rebbelion broke out... Mary’s letters back to Thomas are perhaps even better, displaying an admirable stoicism.

On Dec. 11, 1864, she wrote: I have not received one line from thee, have not had a letter from thee, written since the fight at Franklin. So thee may well know I am anxious to hear from thee. In looking over the list of killed & wounded in our daily paper, have seen the name of one only from the 115th. I judge from that, the 115th was not in the fight, or at least was not badly used up. Still I am very anxious to hear & learn the particulars...

Other letters in the collection include one from a brother, James, Sep. 24, 1864, describing turmoil on the homefront over the fate of their

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THE CIVIL WAR | Autographs & Manuscripts | Ohio young men at war: women here were generally uneasy, rumors of capture of the whole Regt were prevelant through town, and your dispatch came in good time. I suppose you have now had some experience of the realities pomp & circumstance of glorious war & heared the music of rebel bullets and answered the echo of their canon with a little grape & canister. It is very pleasant to talk about now you are all right but I am a little like old Allen Farquhar when he asked how many of the 19th Regt (3 months) on our company had died or were killed. On being informed that they had all returned sound, he said if he could have known that he would have gone himself.

Among the 130+ images accompanying the letters are 16 photographs of Boone, including 4 loose CDVs of Boone in uniform and 8 cartes inserted in loose album pages. The 4 post-war cabinet cards include an image of an older Boone posed in uniform with a sword; an unmounted albumen of Boone in uniform with horse; an unmounted image of Boone in civilian attire; and an image depicting the elderly Boone with a vignette inset above his head showing his younger self in uniform. The additional 15 cased images and approx.

109 CDVs (housed in 3 albums) are presumably photos of family and friends. Miscellaneous items include some postwar personal accounts, four non-war-date letters; and an 1850 membership certificate in a fraternal order.

A robust collection of letters from a senior Civil War officer from Ohio. $3,000 - $5,000

THE CIVIL WAR | Autographs & Manuscripts | Indiana 377 Pvt. John D. Martin, 25th Indiana Volunteers, Civil War Diary Plus Journal Two Pocket Diaries, 1864.

A typical Civil War soldier from the West, John D. Martin was mustered into the Federal service with the 25th Indiana Infantry at Evansville and in August 1861, during his first months of duty, he witnessed some of the defining battles of the western theatre, including Forts Henry and Donelson, Shiloh, and Corinth. For the next two years, Martin’s regiment performed the dirty work of wresting control of northern Mississippi and Alabama and southern Tennessee from Confederate forces before taking part in the Atlanta Campaign (as part of the 16th Army Corps) and Sherman’s Marches to the Sea and through the Carolinas (as part of 17th Army Corps).

This two volume collection documents the final, eventful year of Martin’s Civil War experience, beginning at the time the 25th Indiana was called to Atlanta and ending in triumph just twelve months later.

The first of these volumes is a typical diary of the period covering dates between April 12 and early November, 1864. With three days per page, the entries are characteristically brief and Martin occasionally skips, but he appears not to have been overly respectful of the limitations imposed by the space provided, sometimes stretching a single entry over several “days” when the action before Atlanta reached its peak in the late summer.

The second volume in this collection is the true gem, consisting of a narrative written in the form of a diary — probably from original notes and diary entries — and appears to have been written after the end of Martin’s service. Martin provides convenient section heads for the action described, such as The Campaign after Hood, The Campaign from Atlanta to Savannah, and South Carolina Campaign. The words John D. Martin 1866, written at the head of two pages, probably indicate when this copy was compiled. Whatever editing Martin may have done is unclear, but the narrative bears all of the detail and immediacy of a piece written at the time, and Martin lost none of his observant skills in recording the valuable detail on the maneuvers of the 25th Indiana, the other units involved, the places visited, and the engagements in which they fought.

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Beginning in mid-May 1864, this narrative includes accounts of the regiment’s activities in northern Alabama as Sherman was staging for the early phases of the assault on Atlanta. Martin includes a particularly fine description of a relatively little known, but strategically important, engagement at Pond Springs, near Courtland, AL, May 27.

The 25th Indiana, he wrote, moved: slowly along fireing up on their Rear. The Rebs had 600 men & 8 pieces of Art. We drive them 8 m & 9th Ohio Cav. made a charge on them & drove them. We then halted for diner... the Rebs had made a stand at Pon Spring Station. We run up our Batery & Planted 2 guns. The 25th supported it the 17 NY in our Rear the 32 Wis. in there Rear. The cav. Dismounted & took there position on the left. We then opend up on them & exchanged shot with them half an hour. They threw several shell in to our ranks but did no damage. Our guns disabled one of them they then fell back left the Batel field in our Posesion. We followed them it then was getting near sun down.

We pursued them to Cortland on the Charleston & Memphis R. Road. We drove them out of the the town...

Since one engagement in Alabama was not enough, Martin includes an account of a second engagement at Pond Springs on June 29, with similarly felicitous results for the Federals: We Marcht in Perfect quietness till just at the Break of day. We heard the Rebs blow Revalee & to sadely imeadietly as they had been warned of our aproach we formed a line and moved up on them as quick as we could. We fired on them and scatered every way some in their drawer tail some on their horse. We captured 10 wagons, 2 Ambulances, 25 Prisoners...

Like most Union regiments during the Atlanta Campaign, the 25th Indiana moved regularly back and forth from the front lines, and Martin’s record of the campaign include several rapid accounts of his role in major actions. However, he was ill during the epic Battle of Jonesboro on August 31-Sept. 1, a major engagement for the 25th, and away from the action. The narrative after he returned for the pursuit of Hood in northern Georgia and Alabama (Sept. 29-Nov. 3) is some of his best: The 1st of October Hood began to move around in our Rear. The army began to fall back on the R. Road... detail on movements to Marietta and Ackworth...the 14th [Oct.] at 10 o.c. AM we got ordered to go out & see where they were. The 25th & a detachment of Cav. We marcht out & found the Rebs Pickits. We captured 1 m & fired on them & returned to Ressaca.... [next day, 25th in advance] we cam on the Rebs. We deploied Co. A & F & B as skirmishers. We moved up on them, & found them in strong force behind works. We fought from 10 o.c. AM till 2 o.c. PM. We made a charge on them & routed them. Our loss was 32 kild & wounded. The Rebs loss was [illeg] at the field of battle as they carried them off. We found some 40 wound a short distance. We captd some few Prisoners...

Once the 25th Indiana was committed to Sherman’s campaign to Savannah and through the Carolinas, Martin’s account reads more and more like a memoir, brief as it is, though it retains the freshness and detail of a diary: It was the 15th of Nov. at 9 o.c. AM that we left Atlanta for Savannah. We had cut our own communications off and some 200 m. to March through an unknown land to us inhabited by our Enemy alone. We knew not how strong the Rebs might be but trusting to god & our general (Sherman) who we had followed so often & always came out victorious but be it as it may we Plunged the dark & Dreary Path to strike a heavy blow against the Rebellion all tho we had to strike one of there strong holds on the shores of the great sea. Onward we marcht through swamps & over Rivers through mud & over hills through Rain & through sun shine day & night never halting for an opposing for. Still they cut timbers in our way & Burnt Bridges & Planted torpedoes in our Road but still we prest onward...

A fine survival of a typical western soldier, rough in prose and brutal on spelling, Martin’s diary and memoir document the Federal straw that broke the Confederate back. Though no literary titan, Martin was a man who experienced some of the most daring and successful campaigns undertaken during the Civil War, showing an ever-growing confidence in the ability of Union arms.

It has been discovered that two books have been published on these diaries, but we have been unable to locate copies of either. The first book is entitled John D. Martin’s Journal: A Union Soldier Boy in the Late War of 1861-1865, published in 1999 by author/editor Darlene McConnell. The background notes state… “From a ‘battered photo copy’ found in the Willard Library (Evansville, Indiana) of the original journal, now lost, kept by John D. Martin of his tour of duty with the 25th Indiana Volunteers Infantry during the American Civil War. Second numbered series of pages is an index compiled by the editor.”

The second book is entitled I Must Be Marching Along: Kentuckyana in the War Between the States, published in 2001 and edited by Larry W. Harms. The book is described as being “based on the recollections of a Kentucky ‘Union’ soldier boy in the late war of 1861-1865. The diary was written by Private John D. Martin in the form of a journal as he served in the 25th Indiana Infantry Regiment during the War Between the States. It has chapters on the Ohio River, Shiloh, Davis Mills, General Forrest, W. T. Sherman, Pond Spring and Joe Wheeler, The Atlanta Campaign, and General Hood.” $1,500 - $2,500

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378 Bvt. Brig. General John C. Smith, 96th Illinois Infantry, Civil War Archive including Series of Chickamauga Campaign Letters 38 items.

In late 1862, John Corson Smith (1832-1910) of Galena, IL, volunteered for service in the Union Army, and was commissioned Major of the 96th Illinois Infantry. The regiment saw its first major battle at Chickamauga, where, as part of General James B. Steedman’s brigade, it arrived just in time to save Rosecrans’ Army of the Cumberland from annihilation. Smith, helping rally troops on the right wing, gave the command to the 22nd Michigan to defend their position with the bayonet.

Smith, who served much of the war on General Steedman’s staff, rose to the rank of Lt. Colonel, and was brevetted Brigadier General in June 1865 by his old pre-war friend, General U.S. Grant. After the war, Smith returned to his career as a building contractor, making his fortune in Chicago after the Great Fire of 1871. He also served as Lieutenant Governor of Illinois from 1885 to 1889. Smith was known as one of the most active Masons in the United States. He was buried in Galena with full Masonic orders.

This archive of mostly war-date items includes several letters Smith wrote to his wife, with battle content from Chickamauga and preceding engagements.

On September 18, 1863, he writes his wife about the hard ride with other officers across Tennessee to Rossville, GA. He arrived just in time to accompany Steedman’s probe towards Ringgold. He goes into great detail about the skirmish and artillery duel, as well as the ambush of their camp the next night by Confederate forces.

Late on the night of September 20, the first day of the bloody Battle of Chickamauga, Smith writes from the battlefield, describing in detail the 96th’s fight against Longstreet. In part: Dear wife, We have fought one of the severest battles of the War… We fought two hours and drove the enemy, but at terrible loss. They massed again and attacked us. We fought them until dark, when we ran out of ammunition and had to fall back. The 96th took in 500 men and came out with 50. Our div lost at least 1200 men.

Smith runs down the list of all the wounded and killed officers and friends, noting: Many of our boys were left on the field. I feel we shall have it as warm tomorrow… Oh, for large reinforcements! If Burnside only 180

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comes up, and forces from Grant, we may turn the tide and end this war in the South West, but if we lose this battle, we shall have to fight them again… Our Corps and Gen’l Thomas’s fought 100,000 Rebs today… many of our Galena boys are no more.

He closes by giving his wife and young boys his love, saying Tell them to love their father’s memory if he should fall, and love the flag he fought for, and under which he may die before this Campaign is ended… Love every one of the 96th, for they have done nobly. No Regt on the field have done better.

Late on the night of September 23, Smith writes of the fighting retreat to Chattanooga, where the regiment is dug-in at the foot of Lookout Mountain: A more dirty set of men you never seen, from the Genl down…

We have had some hard fighting. On Sunday night I wrote you just as we had returned from the battle field. The 1st Div of the R[eserve] C[orps] have won imperishable glory, and first in the Div is the 96th Ills. We saved the army. Genls McCook and Crittenden were whipped and in full retreat for Chattanooga before our div got into the fight, but we saved Genl Thomas and his Corp from complete defeat and capture, and we got the credit for it. But, dear Wife, we done it at a terrible cost…The 2nd brigade of our Div lost about 1200 killed and wounded. The 22nd Michigan, temporarily attached to our Div were cut to pieces. All the troops got out of ammunition at dark, which caused us to fall back. Col LaFever of the 22nd asked me what he should do, as he had no cartridges & the enemy was pushing him. I told him to give them COLD STEEL. He done so, and has never been seen or heard of since, but he saved us and has made a brilliant record.

Smith sends his sword and clothing to his wife, who is as close to the front as she can get, in Nashville. Bragg is besieging Chattanooga, and Smith doesn’t want his sword or dress uniform to be captured. On September 29, he writes about the most memorable event he saw during the battle at Chickamauga: It was in the heaviest of the battle, shortly after the Genl’s horse was shot.

I was engaged in rallying the left of the 115th Ill, when the center broke.

Genl Steedman, coming up at the time, grasped the colors, saying “Boys, you may disgrace yourselves, but these Colors never can be. I’ll carry your Colors if you will defend them.” Such a scene can never be forgotten. The boys rallied instantly and nobly defended their flag. We only left the field when the last cartridge was fired. Col. Champion and myself gathered

THE CIVIL WAR | Autographs & Manuscripts | Illinois together the remnant of the 96th and brought them back to camp.

Other items include a roll of the Field and Staff of the 96th Illinois, dated September 6, 1862; the last muster roll of the officers of the 96th, with their fates; Smith’s muster out as Major on October 31, 1863, and muster in as Lt. Colonel the next day; and a war-date ALS from General Giles A Smith.

Perhaps the best war-date document aside from the battle content is an extremely entertaining report by Major George Hicks. Hicks, commanding the 96th while Smith was on Steedman’s staff, recounts the regiment’s march and foraging from Pulaski, TN to Huntsville, AL, in December 1864 – the miserablest, muddiest, rainiest, freezingest march for that distance that we have made.

Post-war items include a published battle memoir by Smith of his experience at Chickamauga, dated 1894; a 1910 MOLLUS memoriam of Smith; seven Annual Returns of the Galena Masons chapter (where Smith was T. I. Master); and a post-war cabinet photo of Smith and his wife. $3,000 - $5,000

THE CIVIL WAR | Autographs & Manuscripts | The Union 379 U.S. Grant Staff Officer, Orlando Ross, Civil War & Post-War Correspondence Plus Photographs Lot of 17 items related to Orlando Hopkins Ross, comprised of 10 letters, 2 army documents, 1 newspaper, 2 photos, and 2 personal artifacts.

Dating from May 1864 through August 1885. Notably, this archive contains signatures from T.S. Bowers, W.R. Rowley, Winfield Scott Hancock, and Horace Porter.

Orlando H. Ross was born on December 5, 1835, in Bethel, OH, which is 12 miles from Point Pleasant, the birthplace of Ulysses S. Grant. Ross and Grant were cousins. Ross survived the Civil War, living to age 56. He died October 13, 1892 in Washington, DC, and is buried at Arlington National Cemetery.

In 1861, Ross was the Post Office mail agent between Cairo and Paducah and was then given responsibility for military mail for the Army of the Tennessee. He enlisted October 1, 1862 as a 2nd Lieutenant and was commissioned into “D” Co, Illinois 20th Infantry on November 26, 1862. On March 11, 1863, he was discharged for promotion and commissioned into the US Volunteers as Captain and Aide de Camp on the Staff of General U.S. Grant. He served Grant through September 7, 1864. After the War, Ross worked in the Post Office and Treasury Departments. He was a member of the Grand Army and the Loyal Legion, occupying important positions in both organizations.

The archive includes: Letters: ALS, May 4, 1864, from T.S. Bowers, Assistant Adjutant General, written on the eve of the Battle of the Wilderness: The army is preparing for a major battle; Thus far everything is quick but it is the silence that precedes and gives warning to the storm where thunders will soon break over our heads and where lightnings will flash from an angry sky.

ALS, May 30, 1864 from T.S. Bowers, written on the eve of Cold Harbor.

Bowers reflects on the ponderous weight of Grant’s Overland Campaign:

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THE CIVIL WAR | Autographs & Manuscripts | The Union For 26 days has this army marched and fought as no other army ever marched and fought and still the end is not yet!...our progress has been steady, decided and satisfactory. Whilst we have gained no signal triumph… Lee will not trust his Army in an open engagement but behind defenses it fights equal to any army in the world.

ALS, June 14, 1864 from William R. Rowley, ADC and Provost Marshal General, writing from Charles City, VA, near Petersburg: We are now crossing the James River. We shall then get south of Richmond and commence the business of starving out by cutting supplies.

ALS, June 24, 1864, from William R. Rowley during the siege of Petersburg: We had some work at Petersburg yesterday and rather got the worst of it losing four guns about one thousand men captured but we cannot expect to have it our own way all the time.

ALS, June 27, 1864, from William R. Rowley during the siege of Petersburg: We are getting siege guns in position to bombard Petersburg and are sending Cavalry around to cut railroads and destroy communications. Petersburg is the key to Richmond and must be taken first.

Draft of letter to President U.S. Grant signed by Ross. April 6, 1872, from Washington DC. Ross is offering his services in Grant’s reelection campaign:…still my desire to aid you is the same as in days of bloody triumph and whatever I may be able to accomplish in the coming campaign that will assist you in your re-election, shall be done as promptly and with the same kind feeling for your success.

ALS, August 2, 1885 from Winfield Scott Hancock to Ross from Governor’s Island, NYC. The letter concerns arrangements for Grant’s funeral on August 8: General Sherman has sent to me your communication …of July 30th in which you express your desire…to attend the services of General Grant...Please report to [General Horace Porter] so that you may be properly placed…

ALS, August 3, 1885 from General Horace Porter, in NYC, to Ross: An arrangement has been made with the assent of General Hancock to have General Grant’s staff ride in carriages next to the family on the day of the funeral.

2 ALsS from Ross to his wife Belle, August 6 and 7, 1885 from the International Hotel, NYC. On August 6: The city is packed and will be jammed by tomorrow. On the 7:…you have never witnessed such a crush of people, over 250,000 have now passed by the remains.

Official Army Documents: Special Order No. 54 Headquarters, Department of the Tennessee Young’s Point, LA, February 25 1863. Provides that US Service steamboats furnish subsistence to Military mail Messengers at the rate of 50 cents per day.

Receipt for three wall tents from Ross to Captain. H.W. James, Army of Vicksburg August 26, 1863.

The lot also includes: 2 albumen photographs, each with Mathew Brady’s Washington imprint on mount, the first a view of U.S. Grant with his horse, 2.75 x 4 in., the second a photograph of Grant’s three horses, ink inscribed on verso, 3 of Gen U.S. Grant’s horses. This photo of them given to Capt O.H. Ross by the General./ Mrs O. H. Ross, 3 x 3 in.; The National Republican, August 9, 1885, dedicated to the coverage of Grant’s funeral with a large picture of the General; Ross’ calling card from the Military Order of Loyal Legion; approx. 6 x 36 in. swatch of black chintz cloth, possibly acquired from Grant’s funeral procession although this cannot be confirmed. $2,500 - $3,500

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THE CIVIL WAR | Autographs & Manuscripts | The Union 380 Admiral John Dahlgren, LS, Sending Fort Sumter’s Captured Guns & Ammunition North John A. Dahlgren (1809-1870). Rear Admiral and chief of the US Navy’s Bureau of Ordnance during the Civil War, considered the “father of American naval ordnance.” LS, 1p, 8 x 9.75 in., heading Flag Ship, Charleston Harbor, SC., April 29, 1865. LS by Rear Admiral John A. Dahlgren, Commdg. So[outh]. A[tlantic]. B[lockading]. Sq[uadro]n. Dahlgren writes to Lieut. Commdr. S[tephen] P. Quackenbush, Commanding Mingoe. He tells Quackenbush, who had just captured the Unadilla, a blockade runner carrying Whitworth guns, You are authorized to send the guns, also the shot, to a northern Port provided the cost does not exceed from Two to Three Dollars per Ton. It may however, be impracticable to remove the guns; if so send the shot only. A Coal Schooner will afford the best opportunity.

This letter is a bit unusual in that it is so beautifully lettered - nearly engrossed - it is difficult to believe this is a military communication. $500 - $700

381 Admiral John Dahlgren, War-Date Letter from Morris Island, Content Regarding Assault on Ft. Sumter & His Wounded Son John A. Dahlgren (1809-1870). Rear Admiral and chief of the US Navy’s Bureau of Ordnance during the Civil War, considered the “father of American naval ordnance.” Autographed letter, 2pp, 7.5 x 9.75 in., dated Off Morris Island (South Carolina), Aug, 10 (1863), addressed to his sister “Patty” (Martha Mathilda Dahlgren), signed Your Brother. Dahlgren was especially close to his sister, who helped raise his children while he was serving at sea at various posts around the country. In this letter, he begins by stating his optimism about retaking Fort Sumter, saying Our worst enemy here is the climate and The work will be tedious and done step by step. The Confeds are now plainly preparing the second step for us - as if they admitted the fall of Sumter. Speaking of his son Ulric, a Union cavalryman who had been shot in the foot July 6 near Hagerstown, MD, resulting in the amputation of his foot in late July, the father says: Tell Ully he will yet be in time to enter Charleston with his regiment - but must not be in a hurry to get well.

Dahlgren also speaks to the pressure of the post he holds, saying: ...I have a heap to do and the press on me never ceases. I really live in public - my little cabin open on all sides and not even the meal time in private.

At night the booming of cannons does not cease. He closes by again telling Patty to tell Ulric to relax and recover at Newport and that he has enclosed his other son Paul’s letters. $500 - $700

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THE CIVIL WAR | Autographs & Manuscripts | Navy 382 USS Western World, Acting Master Samuel B. Gregory, Civil War Naval Archive A collection of 22 documents in 38 pages from the collection of Samuel B. Gregory, Acting Master, USS Western World, 1861–1863. Documents span the period of October 1861 to October 1863. Most are official printed US Navy documents, plus two handwritten receipts and one set of handwritten notes. Twelve of the documents bear handwritten annotations by Gregory.

Samuel Bowden Gregory was a native of Marblehead, MA, (b. 1813). He died at the age of 71 in Essex, MA. Gregory, (along with his brother William), enlisted on October 3, 1861, and was commissioned into the US Navy as an Acting Master. He resigned over three years later on November 15, 1864. During the course of his service, Gregory commanded the USS Western World, the USS Perry and the USS Potomska, with most of his service aboard the Western World.

Gregory’s ship was attached to the North Atlantic, the South Atlantic and the East Gulf Blocking Squadrons at various times during the war. Much of his service was in maintaining the blockade off the coast of South Carolina. The Western World was an 1856 screw steamer built at Brooklyn, NY and placed in service September 21, 1861. He sailed her to join the blockade at Port Royal, SC in January 1862. Their work in enforcing the blockade included repulsing Confederate Navy attack, seizing blockade runners, protecting Union facilities, burning enemy ships and installations, freeing slaves, and transporting troops and cavalry. The ship and captain also served in Georgia, Virginia, and other locations.

The documents include two sets of instructions, eight sets of Sailing Directions, seven General Orders, two receipts, and three Intelligence Reports on suspected vessels and their cargos. Both receipts and one of the Intelligence reports are handwritten; the others are professionally printed.

Notable documents include: General Order No. 1 from S.F. DuPont issued October 1861 with eight directives outlining the general rules of conduct for the blockade; A List of Suspected Vessels and handwritten notes spanning seven pages and showing intense British trade with the Confederate States in a variety of consumer goods and war materiel;

383 Sailor Andrew Burt, USS Louisville, Civil War Archive Lot of 6 ALsS, including 4 from Daniel W. Burt to his son Andrew, and 2 from Andrew to his aunt, Sarah P. Creter. February 1862 - February 1863.

Daniel W. Burt was a prominent landowner in Van Wert County in Northwest Ohio and his son Andrew Burt was in the US Navy, serving aboard the USS Louisville. Andrew was a 20 year-old who had enlisted for a one-year assignment. He had initially served aboard the USS Cincinnati but was transferred with four other volunteers from Van Wert to the USS Louisville. Andrew survived his service and returned to Van Wert County to become a banker and prominent citizen until his death n 1936.

On April 24, 1862, Andrew wrote to his aunt in Newcomerstown, Ohio about the war, I am in the [Navy]…a great deal better place than the Army I think, for we have no marching through mud and rain and sleeping on the ground like the soldiers…Like many of his time he was optimistic about the conclusion of the War, I think certain that [it] won’t and can’t last more than 2 or 3 months longer. His wishful thinking may have arisen after the five Ohioans were transferred to the Louisville… [it was] 3 days when 2 of the men deserted and in about 2 weeks… the other two were discharged as unfit for duty. Nonetheless he was looking forward to another engagement, I would like to help pepper the secesh…

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Numerous Sailing Directions issued by Chas. O. Boutelle, Commanding US Survey Steamer for the South Carolina and Georgia coastline; A recapitulation of Blockade Instructions issued by Gideon Welles, Secretary of the Navy, in August 1862. The document presents four items outlining instructions…restrictions and cautions to be observed by our Squadrons and cruisers; General Orders Numbers 10 and 11 from Secretary Welles outlining that 200 Medals of Honor are to be created and awarded. The first 44 honorees are named; A Circular from Secretary of the Navy Welles from September 1862 announcing that no distilled spirituous liquors shall be admitted on board of vessels of war except as medical stores… Fortunately for the somewhat rowdy crew of the Western World, The law does not include ale, beer, wine, or other liquors not distilled. $600 - $800

THE CIVIL WAR | Autographs & Manuscripts | Navy Daniel Burt’s letters provide interesting insights into life “back home,” running down the news and events involving family and friends from Van Wert. In February, he was outlining the assignments, and in March, he was writing that one of the Van Wert volunteers had returned reporting that…two companies consolidated which made more men than was needed & he was discharged…I half think he deserted. In April the elder Burt reported that Phillip Glenn was Killed… and is the only one killed that we have a reliable account of…however there had been many wounded and…they expect several of the wounded {to be} home on this afternoon’s train. By February of 1863, the war was taking a toll and many of the Van Wert volunteers had been killed or wounded.

The father was hopeful though, saying, I saw one account last week that there would be no attack on Vicksburg for one month and very likely not before two months. If that should be the case you would not be able to see the great battle of the Mississippi as your time would be out…Fortunately his hopes were fulfilled. $500 - $700

THE CIVIL WAR | Autographs & Manuscripts | The Union 384 Engineer Henry C. Barrow, Civil War Scrapbook Scrapbook, ca 1853-1908.

Henry C. Barrows (d. December 25, 1910) served in both the Army and the Navy in the Civil War, and then served in the US Revenue Cutter Service (a precursor to the US Coast Guard) for 37 years, from 1871 to his retirement in 1908.

Barrows learned mechanical engineering at the Polytechnic Institute in New York City, and served an apprenticeship at a nearby New Jersey steel mill. He enlisted as corporal with his brother in the 93rd New York National Guard (a 100-day regiment) in July of 1864, serving in guard duty until November 1864.

The next March, he enlisted as Engineer 3rd Class in the US Navy, serving on the USS Gertrude, a converted blockade-runner on blockade duty in the Gulf of Mexico. He was present at the surrender of Galveston, TX, and went on to serve on a total of 11 Navy ships during his five years of service, including three years in the Asiatic Squadron.

Mustering out of the Navy, he was employed as an engineer on supply ships for the US Lighthouse Board for a year, before his appointment to the US Revenue Cutter Service. Barrows would serve for 37 years in the USRCS, rising to the rank of Chief Engineer in 1896 until his retirement in 1908. While in the Revenue Cutter Service, he served on 18 different vessels on duty stations from Maine to the Aleutians, and from the Great Lakes to Key West.

This archive includes both loose and tipped-in letters and documents in a very large hardcover ledger. The label on the front of the ledger says Henry C. Barrows 1853 to 1880, but it contains documents as late as 1908. Included in the book is every assignment order Barrows received in the Navy, Lighthouse Service, and Revenue Cutter Service, from 1865 to 1908. He also made a table that describes every ship he served on.

One of the items that stands out is an 8pp book-sized newspaper dated March 4, 1869, from the U.S. Consulate in Hiogo (Kobe), Japan, packed with information. Barrows obtained this while on duty on USS Aroostook at Hiogo. The Aroostook was part of the Asiatic Squadron in 1868, present at the opening of the port of Hiogo (Kobe,) Japan to Western ships.

Barrows spent many years on duty in Savannah Georgia, in command of the steam launch based out of the Customs House.

Correspondence from that period includes having to explain that a runaway barge destroyed the brand-new longboat while the launch was docked at the Custom House.

Some veteran-related items are a large blue ribbon with eagle clasp from the Veterans’ Association dedication of the Army and Navy Monument in Boston, an 1896 Decoration Day flyer from Sitka, Alaska, showing the statue of a Union soldier there, and an 1881 newsletter from the Army and Navy Club.

One item in the archive that causes one to wonder is a letter-sized sheet of paper with full color 1899 United Confederate Veterans reunion in Charleston, South Carolina letterhead, with a printed list of members that runs down the whole left side.

There is also a long, hand-written autobiography, recalling the joys of growing up in Brooklyn in the mid-1800s, losing their home in the Great New York Fire of 1853, going to school at the Polytechnic Institute, and serving in the Civil War. A 1908 letter from a fellow chief engineer congratulates him on his retirement, and suggests a tin boat with alcohol boiler to play with in the tub if he starts missing sea duty. $500 - $700

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THE CIVIL WAR | Autographs & Manuscripts | The Union

385 Private George W. Crawford, 5th U.S. Cavalry, Civil War Archive with References to being Ambushed & Killed by Rebels 16 items, 1862-1863.

A young man from Jamaica, Long Island, George Crawford was one of the earliest Americans to rise to the defense of the Union after the outbreak of the Civil War, volunteering for the 5th US Cavalry on April 3, 1861. For two years, he served without hesitation, but he seems to have been one of those unfortunate people for whom nothing came easy. His letters recount the usual hardships of a military life, but others as well, from having to sell his jacket in order to be able to send money home to support his mother while his father drank to surviving a stay in the Eruptive Fever Hospital. One of the rarest of Civil War letters, dated Feb. 20, 1862, offers a first hand account of contracting and surviving smallpox: When I went to look in the looking-glass to comb my head, I found my face completely covered with little pimples, which I supposed was caused by a fever that I had had the day previous.... [the doctor] told me I had the small pox and that he would have to send me to the small pox Hospital. I was taken away immediately and have not been to my regiment since. I am not convalescent, and am allowed to go out and walk around the grounds of the hospital. Since I have been here I had had the very best of treatment, nothing that I wanted but what I got. The Doctors are very kind, and the nurses are men, who have been sick with this awful disease and have recovered. Nearly every day I see some poor being carried out, he having gone to that bourne whence no traveller returns...There is much more, with graphic detail about the disease and the hospital itself.

Crawford took the near misses incidental to a soldier’s life with remarkable calm. Just after the Peninsular Campaign of 1862, he described a close shave with Confederate shells while he was asleep, adding a little bravado for good effect: The shell fell so near my tent as to throw the mud all over it. One solid six pound shot buried itself between my tent and the tent next to me. I have the “crature” now, as a momento...

It seems a miracle that one did not light in my tent, but I escaped without seeing one until next morning. I went to sleep during the fire, and said to myself if a shell happens to drop in my tent I think it will wake me up...

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While fretting over his mother’s financial straits in December, he saw death creeping nearer. The late battle at Fredericksburgh has caused the death of many an honest man, he wrote, but I was not called into action, but for four days stood at my horse’s head, ready to mount him and be off for the battle field should I be required. The day before the battle I saw all of my friends from Jamaica who belong to the 40th or Mozart Regiment, but if they are all alive now, is more than I expect. The slaughter was terrible...He escaped from Gettysburg, too, serving on picket at Emmittsburg, though he noted I have been in every other cavalry engagement under Genl. Beauford [Buford] since then...

Since then did not last long for the star crossed Crawford. Near Warrenton, Va., on July 31, 1863, Sgt James Getty of the 5th Cavalry wrote to Crawford’s family to say that the regiment had been ambushed by Rebel infantry near Manassas Gap: the Rebels opened a volley of musketry on us from a whole Brigade when Corporal George T. Crawford was killed along with some others of our Regmt. I was so sorry about George. I scarcely knew what to do as he and I were great friends he being company Clerk & I 1st sergeant, we were continually together and has been for two years...

A second letter, dated Sept. 16, 1863, from Capt. J.W. Mason provides additional detail:He was killed at Manassas Gap, Va., on the 21st of July, and as I have been informed buried by the Rebels. He was killed at the head of my advancing column, and at the particular moment we were forced to fall back by an overwhelming force of rebels infantry. He being formerly a resident of my wife’s home I have taken more than ordinary interest in his career, and can assure you that when we lost him we lost one of the bravest most gallant and accomplished soldiers...

Accompanying this tragic archive are the beginnings of paperwork filed by the family when seeking to claim George’s bounty money and back pay. Crawford’s letters are truly outstanding, beautifully written and elegant, and laden with the tragedy of war. $1,000 - $1,500

THE CIVIL WAR | Folk Art

386 Confederate POW Cotton Stone Pipe Carved at Alton Prison, Illinois, Identified to CSA Private, Q.A. Pearson Confederate POW-carved cotton-stone pipe, the bowl approx.

2 in. high. 1.25 in. across, and 2 in. deep including the shank.

The front is carved with the coat of arms of Missouri including the usual imagery and mottoes, one side with a palmetto tree, rattlesnake, and cotton bale, and the other side with the first national flag of the Confederacy and a banner reading Southern Rights. The shank is carved on one side Designed & made by Q.A. Pearson, March 6th, 1862, and on the other Prisoner of War camp in the Penitentiary at Alton, Ill. Alton’s records state that Quincy A. Pearson was held there from December 19, 1861 to May 31, 1862, following capture at Milford, MO. He is listed by some sources as being from from Saline County, MO, and a member of Robinson’s Missouri Infantry Battalion, of the pro-Confederate Missouri State Guard.

While records for such units are scattered and incomplete, it seems safe to assume that he was captured at the engagement usually referred to as the Skirmish at Blackwater Creek, fought in southwestern Missouri near the town of Milford on December 19, 1861. 700 Confederate recruits were captured that day, along with their supplies, while marching to join the Confederate Army.

A fabulous example of an identified, Confederate Prisoner-ofWar’s carved pipe! $2,000 - $3,000

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THE CIVIL WAR | Folk Art

387 Andersonville Prisoner of War Carved Wooden Spoon Carved tree root, handle 3 in. long, spoon 2 x 1 x 0.5 in. deep, approx.

5 in. long overall. From the top of the handle down, carved Sumter Prison / Higgins Waldo Dowd Maginnes Whitney Duane Prisoners-of-War, and on the underside Qui Trans Sus and Captured April 20, 1864, with an eagle’s head near the top of the handle and a five-pointed star under the bowl.

This piece was researched in depth by Robert F. Coli for a piece in North South Trader’s Civil War, Vol. XXIV, No. 5, Sept.-Oct. 1997, p. 26-31.

A copy of that issue and copious photocopied research materials are included in the lot.

Sumter Prison is, of course, Andersonville Prison, and the Latin inscription is an abbreviated form of Qui Transtulit Sustinet, which is the state motto of Connecticut, meaning “He who transplanted (us) sustains (us).” The April 20, 1864, date is significant as that was the day that the Union garrison at Plymouth, NC, was captured by Confederate troops. Among the regiments in garrison that day were the 15th and 16th Connecticut Infantry, on whose rolls all five of the six names can be found. The 15th Connecticut listed Demetrius S. Dowd (Co. K) and James Maginnes (Co. E) while the 16th counted Charles H. Higgins (Co. C), Frederick Waldo (Co. H), and George Q. Whitney (Co. I). The final name that of Charles Duane of Co.D, 11th Connecticut Infantry, who was captured in Virginia in May 1864.

Another member of the 16th Connecticut captured that day, 2nd Lt. B.F. Blakeslee of Co. G, wrote about the captured soldiers’ journey to Andersonville, which consisted of five days of hard marching and three or four days of traveling in trains, packed 60 men to a car with no room to lay or even sit, and going 12 to 36 hours between rations.

As to the men’s fates once they arrived, Higgins, a 25-year-old clerk, was paroled Dec. 6, 1864, and Waldo, a 26-year-old wagoner, on March 2, 1865, and both lived into the mid-to-late 50s. Dowd, a 30-year-old teamster, was transferred to Florence, SC, where he died in prison November 10, 1864. Maginnes, a 40-year-old private who had served as his brigade’s blacksmith, died at Andersonville on August 17, 1864, and is buried in Andersonville National Cemetery, grave #5932.

Whitney, just 18 years old at the time of his capture, was paroled March 9, 1865, and died in 1892 in Denver, CO. Mr. Coli identified Charles Duane as the alias of 28-year-old Frank Vanvalkenburg, who was originally a member of Co. A, 107th Pennsylvania, and wounded on the first day of Gettysburg. After recovering, he deserted on August 29, 1863, but seven months later enlisted as Charles Duane in Co. D, 11th Connecticut Infantry. Duane was captured at Drewry’s Bluff, VA, May 16, 1864, and arrived at Andersonville one week later, but was transferred to Charleston, where he was able to escape.

The Paul DeHaan Collection of Items Related to Admiral D.G. Farragut and the USS Hartford $1,000 - $1,500 188

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THE CIVIL WAR | Broadsides & Other Imprints 388 Civil War Recruitment Broadside, The Draft Quota Must Be Filled, Waterville, Maine Broadside, bold heading The Draft! / Quota Must Be Filled!, asking the citizens of Waterville, ME, to meet in West Waterville, August 17, by request of the town’s selectmen. 12 x 17 in., professionally framed, 14.75 x 19.75 in. $500 - $700

389 Civil War Recruitment Broadside, Fifteen First Rate Men to Fill Vacancies, 7th Rhode Island Regiment Broadside advertising a $617 bounty to Fifteen First Rate Men! to fill vacancies in the South Kingston Company of the 7th Rhode Island Infantry. $500 of the bounty from the town, $117 from the state and federal governments. 18.75 x 26.5 in. (sight), framed, 22.75 x 30.75 in. $800 - $1,000

390 Civil War Recruitment Broadside, 21st Indiana Light Artillery, LaPorte, Indiana, 1862 Broadside, bold heading Battery Accepted / Close Up The Ranks At Once!

Dated August 12, 1862, directing volunteers to Wilson›s Drug Store in LaPorte, IN, to enlist in a battery recently authorized by the Indiana governor to be raised under the leadership of Capt. W.W. Andrew. 8.25 x 11.75 in. (sight), professionally framed, 14.75 x 18 in.

The resulting battery was 21st Indiana Light Artillery, which William W. Andrew, of LaPorte, served as captain until being discharged for disability from wounds on September 17, 1864. He was succeeded as captain by Abram P. Andrew, who is also listed on the broadside as one of the recruiting officers.

The battery mustered in September 9 at Indianapolis and immediately departed to take part in the Defense of Cincinnati. They then slowly made their way through Kentucky and Tennessee to Chattanooga, and saw their first significant action at Chickamauga and Missionary Ridge. They served the remainder of the war in and around central Tennessee, and mustered out at Nashville in June of 1865, having lost 26 men to death from various causes. $500 - $700

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THE CIVIL WAR | Broadsides & Other Imprints 391 New York Draft Riots Broadside, Don’t Unchain the Tiger!

Rare broadside with the bold heading DON’T Unchain the Tiger!, urging New Yorkers to maintain order in the face of the impending draft riots. In response to the city’s well-dressed demagogues filling the ears of the people with lies, the broadside says to Spurn him as you would a viper, and repeats the heading Don’t unchain the Tiger! five more times. Undersigned by A Democratic Workingman, with publishing credit to the N.Y Workingmen’s Democratic Republican Association, which was in actuality publisher-activist Sinclair Tousey (1818-1887). 12 x 19 in.

The working classes of heavily-immigrant New York City had been lukewarm to the war from the start, owing to the fact that a majority of the South’s exports passed through the ports and markets of the city and therefore provided many immigrant jobs. The Emancipation Proclamation of January 1863 strengthened immigrant opposition to the war as many foresaw free blacks migrating to the city in droves to compete for already low-paying jobs. The conscription act was the final straw, and local Democrats and Southern sympathizers seized on the opportunity to foment rebellion against blacks, Republican supporters and newspaper offices, and eventually federal troops, resulting in what was likened to a Confederate victory. Printer Samuel Tousey put his presses to work immediately, plastering his Stop and Think! and Don’t Unchain the Tiger! broadsides throughout the city in an attempt to quell the hysteria. Although signed A Democratic Workingman, Tousey was in fact a committed Republican. His New York Times obituary of 1887 states that “he joined the Republican Party at its organization, and throughout the war was on terms of intimacy with many of its leaders,” and says of his anti-riot appeals such as the one offered here, that “a most wholesome effect was produced.” $1,500 - $2,500

392 Octagonal Block-House Civil War-Period Drawing, January 1865, Signed by Lieut. Arthur L. Conger, 115th O.V.I. Lithographed architectural drawing, titled at lower right: Octagonal Block-House, prepared under the direction of Col. Wm. E. Merrill, 1st U.S.V.V. Engineers, Chief Engineer, Department of the Cumberland, by Major James R. Willett, 1st U.S.V.V. Engineers, Chief Engineer R.R. Defences, Department of the Cumberland. 23.5 x 34 in. Framed to 26 x 36.5 in.

Signed at upper left Capt. J.A. Means, 115th Ohio Vols. Inft. / Regards of Arthur L. Conger, Lieut. 115th O.V.I and Asst. Insp. R.R. Defs.

Arthur L. Conger enlisted as a private in July 1862 but was promoted to first lieutenant before mustering into Co. G, 115th Ohio Volunteer Infantry on Sept. 18. In November 1862 he was detached to General Ammon’s staff as Acting Assistant Adjutant General, and the following June assigned to duty as Provost Marshal at Newport, Kentucky. After the Confederate surrender, Lieut. Conger was detached again as Assistant Inspector of Railroad Defenses.

Capt. John A. Means was a 52-year-old commissioned into Co. C, 115th O.V.I. on Sept. 19. 1862. He was attached to the U.S. Army Topographical Engineers from June 1864 to April 1865, after which he was returned to the 115th for two months of postwar service.

The 115th O.V.I. built dozens of these blockhouses in the first half of 1864, all along the line of the Nashville & Chattanooga Railroad in order to guard the crucial transport line from Confederate forces intent on destroying it. They were overpowered in December of 1864 and over 200 soldiers of the regiment were taken as prisoners, and remained in custody until the Confederate surrender. Following their release, they eagerly packed the SS Sultana at Vicksburg along with 2,000 Union soldiers headed back to Ohio, but the overcrowded ship exploded on April 27th near Memphis, killing at least two thirds of the passengers. $700 - $1,000 190

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THE CIVIL WAR | Medical Equipment

393 Civil War Surgeon’s Amputation Kit Identified to Surgeon B.L. Hovey, 136th New York Infantry Red-velvet lined rosewood box, 16.5 x 3.25 x 5 in. Brass corner reinforcements and brass plate on top, not engraved. Removable till for two layers, with G. Tiemann & Co./ Manufacturers of Surgical Instruments/ 63 Chatham St., NY sticker on the upper lid inside the box.

During the Civil War, Tiemann & Co. was one of the premier suppliers of surgical sets and instruments. The kit contains over 16 implements, including a capital saw, tiny finger saw, Hey’s saw skull, knives, tourniquet, trephine, suture needles, and brush.

The surgical kit is accompanied by a modern manuscript note stating that it belonged to B.L. Hovey, a surgeon from the 136th New York State Infantry. A 2.75 x 3 in. tintype of an unidentified young man as well as a stereoview titled on verso Hospital Scene at Fortress Monroe/ No. 632 are included with the kit.

A 44-year-old physician, Bleecker L. Hovey (1817-1906) enlisted and was commissioned into the 136th NY Infantry as a Surgeon on 9/62; promoted to Asst. Surgeon of US Vols. Medical Staff on 9/64; Surgeon on 9/65; and Lt. Colonel by Brevet on 8/65. The 136th NY served in the 11th Corps, and Hovey was with the regiment when it suffered heavily at Gettysburg.. $3,000 - $5,000

394 Civil War-Period Medical Bleeder and Veterinary Fleam Lot of 2, including Civil War bleeder, brass example with 10 blades set in rectangular pattern, and a Veterinary horn handle with two folding fleam blades. $400 - $600

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THE CIVIL WAR | GAR 395 Private George H. Bond, 16th Vermont Infantry, Civil War Service Medal, Post-War Photos, GAR Medals & Insignia Lot of 14, including: mounted albumen photograph of George H. Bond as Captain Commanding, Co. I, Estey Guards, Vermont National Guard, ca 1881, by Howe of Brattleboro, VT, 4 x 8.25 in.; mounted silver gelatin photograph of Bond in his Vermont uniform, ca 1896, wearing medals included in this lot, photo also by Howe, 5.25 x 7.375 in.; 2pp printed pamphlet from the State of Vermont Adjutant General’s Office, Military Record of Geo. H. Bond, 1862 to 1898; and 11 medals, including a colonel’s GAR badge, GAR belt buckle, GAR insignia, Civil War campaign medal, three Vermont GAR encampment medals, a medal from the dedication of the Vermont monuments at Gettysburg in 1889, a 1886 Brooklyn veterans badge, and two pins.

George H. Bond (listed on some rolls as Herbert G. Bond, enlisted Sept.

20, 1862, as a private in Co. I, 16th Vermont, and was present in action at Gettysburg, and mustered out in August of 1863. After the war, he served as a private and drum major in the First and Second Vermont National Guard, eventually earning commissions to colonel in 1895 and brevet brigadier general in 1897, just before his retirement. The military record included in this lot states that he served in all grades except corporal and second lieutenant, served as escort to the Governor of Vermont at the 1876 Centennial Exposition, and was in command of the Vermont troops that marched in Washington at the inauguration of President McKinley. $500 - $700

FLAGS AND PATRIOTIC TEXTILES

396 One-Star Flag, with Civil War-Era & Post-War Elements Wool bunting and polished cotton, 40.5 x 88.5 in., with one handsewn, single-appliqued cotton star at center of blue, polished cotton canton. The fly is constructed of three hand-sewn, wool bunting stripes. While the sewing on the flag is consistent with 1860s styles and runs in nice, hand-sewn lines, the handwork used in sewing the canton to the rest of the flag is mediocre by comparison. The stitching and thread used for attaching the canton are different from the rest of the flag as well. These are indications that the canton displaying the single star is a replacement, added post-Civil War. The hoist is cotton with two whip-stitched eyelets, jute rope tied through each eyelet.

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The consignor relates that this flag was found among family belongings, which included a fife identified to her ancestor, Henry Moses, who served with the 6th Ohio Cavalry. However, we are unable to find a connection between the flag and Private Moses, and the flag has no further provenance. Although it has been suggested that it is linked with the Confederacy, this cannot be confirmed. Nevertheless, it is an interesting textile, worthy of additional research.

Our sincere thanks to Greg Biggs for providing information regarding this flag. $800 - $1,200

FLAGS AND PATRIOTIC TEXTILES

397 13-Star Flag Made By Betsy Ross’ Granddaughter Hand-sewn, silk flag with 13 embroidered stars in canton; inscribed on hoist First Flag made 1777 by Betsy Ross. This copy of the original Flag made in Mar. 1903 by Rachel Albright aged 90 y. 9 m. Grand-daughter of Betsy Ross. 7.25 x 11.75 in., housed in frame, 10.25 x 15 in. $3,000 - $4,000

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FLAGS AND PATRIOTIC TEXTILES 398 13-Star American Flag Cotton, 37 x 70 in., with 13 hand-sewn, double-sided, cotton stars configured in 3/2/3/2/3 horizontal rows. The fly is constructed of 13 machine-sewn, cotton stripes. With three brass rings whip-stitched to hoist end of flag. Possibly Naval and produced prior to the 1860s.

From the Estate of Kenneth Erwin, Portland, Michigan $600 - $800

399 13-Star American Flag Wool, 13.5 x 23.25 in., with 13 machine-sewn, double-sided, cotton stars configured in wreath pattern with central star, flanked by star in each corner. The fly is constructed of 13 machine-sewn, wool stripes.

Cotton hoist with two metal grommets. Ca 1876. $600 - $800

400 13-Star American Flag Wool, 27 x 44.5 in., with 13 machine-sewn, double-sided cotton stars configured in wreath pattern with central star, flanked by star in each corner. The fly is constructed of 13 machine-sewn, wool stripes.

Cotton hoist with two metal grommets. Ca 1876. $1,500 - $2,500

401 13-Star Centennial Flag Glazed cotton muslin, 7.25 x 11.5 in., printed flag with 13 stars configured in wreath pattern with central star, flanked by star in each corner. Ca 1876.

J. Richard Pierce Collection of American Parade Flags $300 - $500

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FLAGS AND PATRIOTIC TEXTILES

402 23-Star American Flag, Possibly Civil War Period Wool bunting, 68 x 110 in., with 23 machine-sewn, single-appliqued wool bunting stars configured in straight rows on a 3-piece white linen canton that has been crudely hand-dyed blue; 2 of which have oxidized to a purplish-blue color while the remaining segment is faded. The fly consists of machine-sewn, cotton muslin stripes. Worn machine-sewn linen sleeve encircling a hemp rope.

Maine was admitted into the Union as the 23rd state on March 15th, 1820, and the 23-star flag represented the nation until Missouri entered the Union on August 10, 1821. Over this brief period of approx. 5 months, few 23-star flags were made, and very few have survived up until now. It has been suggested that less than three 23star flags are known to exist.

Based on materials and construction, this flag was fabricated ca late 1860s to 1880. While most of the flag is machine-sewn, the sewing pattern and style is consistent with machines used ca 1850-1860s rather than that of machines used during the 1870s, which may be an indication that this 23-star flag was produced during the later years of the Civil War to be carried by a Maine military unit. Considering the larger size of the flag, it would have likely been used at a base camp to identify a unit’s commander or headquarters. $3,000 - $5,000

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403 Rare 32-Star Ship Ensign with Blood Stripe Cotton, approx. 64.5 x 138 in., machine and hand-sewn flag with a rare, small canton including 16.5 machine-sewn stars and 15.5 handsewn stars. The canton sits on the fifth stripe, a red “blood stripe,” which is a rare trait, as the seventh stripe (red) is typically where one would find the “blood stripe” setting. Hoist with fabric rings. The fly also includes gussets, or extra fabric sewn to the stress points of the flag along the top and bottom.

The 32-star flag served as the official flag from 1858, when Minnesota was admitted as a state, to 1859, when Oregon was admitted. It has been suggested that many of the 32-star flags produced during this period of time were ship ensigns, and some specialists believe that fewer than 15 or less 32-star flags are known to exist, making this a rare example.

Acquired from a Connecticut estate. The flag has been cleaned and professionally restored, and the fabric on the back of the canton and white patches were sewn by the restoration expert. The flag is accompanied by a copy of a Conservation Report from the Textile Conservation Services. $4,000 - $6,000

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FLAGS AND PATRIOTIC TEXTILES 404 Bolt of 26-Star American Flags Bolt includes 7 complete 26-star flags printed on cotton. Each completed flag features 26 stars configured in 7/6/7/6 vertical rows on canton, and measures 12 x 20.25 in.; 20.25 x 82.75 in. overall. Michigan, our 26th State, was admitted into the Union in 1837.

From the Estate of Kenneth Erwin, Portland, Michigan $800 - $1,000

405 33-Star American Flag Worsted wool, 52 x 72 in., with 33 hand-sewn, singleappliqued cotton stars configured in 6/7/7/7/6 horizontal rows. The fly is constructed of 13 hand-sewn, worsted wool stripes. The linen hoist, with two metal grommets, is stenciled along the bottom edge J6 (?) or E6 (?). The “6” may represent the length of the flag, 6 feet, or 72 in. If indeed stamped “E,” this most likely stands for Ensign, which indicates that the flag is a “6 foot Ensign,” used for Navy or maritime purposes. This was typically the use for flags made prior to the Civil War. Oregon was admitted into the Union as our 33rd state on February 14th, 1859. Ca 1859-1861.

Originally found in attic in Bucks County, displayed for several years in Lehigh Co., PA, and acquired by consignor from antique store in Quakertown, PA. $1,500 - $2,500

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406 33-Star American Flag Cotton, 6 x 9 in., printed flag with 33 stars configured in double medallion with elongated central star, flanked by star in each corner.

Ca 1859-1861.

J. Richard Pierce Collection of American Parade Flags $2,500 - $3,500

407 34-Star Great Star Flag Cotton, 4.5 x 6 in., printed flag with 34 stars configured in great star pattern with inner wreath and star in center; variable sized stars. Handstitched on three sides. Ca 1861-1863.

Overall size suggests this flag may have been used as a “Bible” flag meant to mark the place of a scripture in the Bible carried by a soldier.

J. Richard Pierce Collection of American Parade Flags $2,000 - $3,000

408 34-Star, Silk American Parade Flag Silk, 49 x 81 in., printed flag with 34 stars configured in 7/7/6/7/7 horizontal rows. An interesting quality of the flag is that adjacent stars alternate the orientation of their upper point, upward or downward.

The blue canton and upper 7 stripes to the right of the canton are printed on one piece of silk, which is machine sewn to a second piece of silk containing the lower 6 stripes. The fly end is rolled backwards and hemmed. A cotton sleeve with 2 brass grommets is attached to the hoist end. The sleeve is ink inscribed McKenzie, which is a family

name associated with the consignor. Kansas, our 34th State, was admitted into the Union in January 1861, and although there is no specific provenance connected to this flag, it was likely made during the Civil War-period, ca 1861-1863.

The consignor relates that the flag has never been out of family hands since it was purchased by his great-great grandfather who resided in Brooklyn Heights, NY, and was considered a staunch Unionist during the Civil War. $1,500 - $3,000

COWAN’S AMERICAN HISTORY

FLAGS AND PATRIOTIC TEXTILES 409 35-Star American Flag Cotton, 16.25 x 27.25 in., with 35 hand-sewn, single appliqued, cotton stars configured in double medallion with central star flanked by star in each corner. The fly is constructed of 13 machine-sewn stripes. The cotton hoist includes 3 hand-worked button holes. The 35-star flag became official July 4, 1863 with the admission of West Virginia into the Union. It only lasted for 2 years. Ca 1863-1865. $1,500 - $3,000

410 36-Star Grand Luminary Flag Cotton and wool, approx. 72 x 140 in., with 36 machine-sewn, double-appliqued cotton stars configured in the “Great Star” or “Grand Luminary” pattern on a wool canton. The fly consists of 13 machinesewn, cotton stripes. A small patch with an indecipherable inked inscription, possibly a maker’s mark, is hand-stitched to the bottom white stripe, near the hoist end. Considering the large size of the flag, it was possibly made to be used as a Naval ensign. The 36-star flag became official on July 4, 1865 when Nevada was admitted to the Union. Ca 1865-1867.

A fine, Civil War-era flag featuring the rare “Grand Luminary” star pattern. $4,000 - $7,000

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411 38-Star American Flag Wool, 47 x 80 in., with 38 hand-sewn, double-appliqued stars configured in 8/7/8/7/8 horizontal rows. The fly is constructed of 13 machine-sewn, wool stripes. The cotton hoist includes 2 brass grommets. With Colorado’s admission into the Union in 1877, the 38star flag became official on July 4 of that year. Ca 1877-1890. $500 - $700

412 40-Star Peabody Post GAR Flag Glazed cotton muslin, 11 x 17 in., printed flag with 40 stars arranged in 7/6/7/7/6/7 horizontal rows, with the following overprint: Everett Peabody Post No. 108, G.A.R. Georgetown, Mass. Ca 1889.

Col. Everett Peabody commanded a brigade on the western flank of Grant’s Army at the Battle of Shiloh. He became an unsung hero when, acting on his own, he sent a reconnaissance force to strengthen the Union position ordering his men to hold their ground if the enemy were encountered. When the Confederates attacked, Peabody and the rest of the brigade joined the battle. He was mortally wounded, but his action surprised the enemy and eventually led to their surrender.

A Harvard graduate, Everett Peabody is among 136 alumni who gave their lives and are so honored in Harvard’s Memorial Hall.

Documented in the book, The Stars and Stripes: Fabric of the American Spirit, J. Richard Pierce, LLC (p.44). Displayed in five exhibitions.

J. Richard Pierce Collection of American Parade Flags $1,000 - $1,500 200

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413 46-Star Silk Ribbon Flag Red and white silk ribbons with silver embroidered stars machinesewn to cotton backing, 6.5 x 10.25 in. Pencil notation on backing reads: 1908 Okla. Likely a patch for a quilt made to celebrate Oklahoma statehood. Ca 1908.

J. Richard Pierce Collection of American Parade Flags $600 - $800

FLAGS AND PATRIOTIC TEXTILES 414 48-Star Gold Star Mothers Flag Silk, 11 x 16 in., printed flag with 48 stars configured in 8/8/8/8/8/8 horizontal rows. When rolled up on its staff, the flag slips into a brass-tipped paper tube for storage.

The circular decal on tube reads: Presented to the Gold Star Mothers By the City of New York. Staff 14 in., tube 13.5 in. Ca 1928-59.

On June 4, 1928, a group of 25 mothers in Washington, D.C., led by Mrs. Grace Darling Seibold, founded a national organization known as the American Gold Star Mothers.

Named after the Gold Star that families would hang in their window in honor of a deceased veteran, membership was composed of mothers who lost a son or daughter during World War I. The organization became a rallying point for a support group of grieving mothers, and its purpose was to comfort each other and give loving care to veterans confined to government hospitals. Today there are more than two hundred chapters, and membership is open to mothers who have lost a son or daughter during past wars and armed conflicts, or while in the service of our country.

Documented in the book, The Stars and Stripes: Fabric of the American Spirit, J. Richard Pierce, LLC (p.73).

J. Richard Pierce Collection of American Parade Flags $300 - $500

SLAVERY AND THE AFRICAN AMERICAN EXPERIENCE 415 Reverend Abraham Booth, Letter Regarding the Slave Trade, 1793 1p, 7.25 x 8.75 in. London, Sept. 24, 1793. The first part of the letter addresses the issue of Paedobaptism, or infant baptism. Booth had written a book addressing the issue, Defence of Paedobatism Examined [1792 - the third edition of his work on this issue], in answer to and concludes that it has no foundation in Scripture & that it is very injurious to mankind.

The second part addresses the issue of slavery. ...Mr Rice’s excellent Speech against Slavery is republished here, & much approved. I have now no expectation of our Parliament abolishing the Slave Trade; but I do hope that the importation & use of East India Sugar (which is cultivated by a free people) will gradually abolish not only the Slave Trade, but West Indian Slavery also. That Sugar is now sold in London at as low a price, as that of the West Indias, which is the produce of oppression, of cruelty, & of blood.

Britain did abolish the slave trade in 1803, in part because of the influence of Rev. Booth and men like him.

Abraham Booth (1734-1806) was a minister and Baptist apologetic writer, who was converted and baptized himself in 1755. He spent the next half century writing and preaching, and often disagreeing with the “mainstream” of the British Baptists. He joined the Pennsylvania Abolition Society in the 1790s, the first abolition society in America (technically the “Pennsylvania Society for Promoting the Abolition of Slavery and for the Relief of Free Negroes Unlawfully Held in Bondage”). The majority of founding members, not surprisingly, were Quakers. Ben Franklin served as its president from 1785, and petitioned Congress to ban the practice in 1790. $600 - $800

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SLAVERY AND THE AFRICAN AMERICAN EXPERIENCE 416 1817 Kentucky Land Survey Connecting Land of Green Clay, Kentucky’s Largest Land & Slave Owner, signed by Early Kentucky Pioneers, Plus Lot of 2: 1817 Land survey, 7pp, 8 x 12.5 in., with hand-drawn map on second page. Estate of John Cunningham, for lands adjacent to the land of Green Clay (Kentucky’s largest land and slave owner-father of Cassius Marcellus Clay), assigning various lots to Cunningham’s heirs: Mahala Cunningham, Presley Atley, Elizabeth Cunningham, Robert Cunningham, Sally Cunningham Williams, Nancy Cunningham Rollin, Soloman Cunningham, Maxamillia Cunningham, Polly Cunningham, Prudence Cunningham Atley, and Francis Cunningham Atley. Signed by several of Kentucky’s early pioneers: John Hedges, Peter Clarkson and Henry Clay. John Hedges came to Bourbon County by 1789 (at the age of 17), when the population was primarily dispersed into small “stations” of a dozen or so cabins, maybe a fort for protection from Indians. Peter Clarkson apparently came to Bourbon Co. from the Virginia Piedmont with Anselm and William Clarkson, between 1780 and 1790; Manoah Clarkson came by 1810. Peter married Mary Bedford, May 29, 1806 in Bourbon, KY, and appears on the census of 1810 (one of 9 Clarksons in Bourbon Co.). Henry Clay was born in Hanover Co., VA, and served several notable personages in Virginia politics, eventually being admitted to the bar in 1797. Within a couple years he married Lucretia Hart at the Hart home in Lexington, KY, and the couple moved to Lexington later that year. He was elected to Senate seat of John Breckinridge, serving less than a year, but now making his mark in US politics. At one point a young Abraham Lincoln called Clay “my ideal of a great man.”

Bill from Wm. M. Stout of Danville, KY, who advertises as a dealer in “Drugs, Books, Stationery, Perfumer, and Fancy Articles.” For the year 1853. Includes the purchase of Uncle Tom’s Cabin on Mar. 29 (50 cents), and Bayard on the Constitution just over a week later. He also purchased prescriptions, soap, tobacco, quills, paper, liniment, powder, ink, a cane, and several other books, such as “Political Quotations” and “Sim[on] Kenton.” This is most likely Green Clay Smith (1826-1895), since Green Clay died in 1828. Smith served in the state House of Representatives 1861-1863. He was commissioned Colonel of the 4th KY Cav. (Union) in 1862, rising to the rank of Bvt. Maj. Gen. of Volunteers before he resigned to serve in the US House for the Unionist Party. After the war, 1866-1869, he served as Territorial Governor of Montana. While there he was ordained as a Baptist minister, and became active in the temperance movement. He ran for President on the National Prohibition Party ticket in 1876. The bill was paid by Brutus J. Clay, brother to Cassius Marcellus Clay. $600 - $800

417 1834 Kentucky Slave Document Identified to Sally Clay, Cassius Clay’s Niece, Listing Inheritance of Slaves 2.5pp, approx. 8 x 13 in., n.d. but ca 1844. Manuscript document listing the inheritance of Sally Clay, daughter of Sidney P. Clay (18001834), Cassius M. Clay’s brother. The document outlines the slaves in Sidney’s estate at the time of his death, along with their ages and values. It then lists slaves born after the death of Sidney P. Clay along with their values. The oldest is 10, thus the approximate date of the document is 1844 or 1845. Sally Clay Keen›s portion of the inheritance is 10 slaves, ...amounting to $3,701 which is a lack of thirty two dollars of Sally portion [sic] or one equal fourth part, which deficiency the executor shal [sic] pay over in money to the said Sally...

Sidney Payne Clay married Nancy B. Keen in Sept. 1822. Nancy died in 1826, leaving one daughter, Sally Woolfolk Clay (1824-1857). Sally was sent to “Woodlawn” in Madison County to be reared by Pauline Clay Rodes, (Mrs. William), a paternal aunt, likely because of her mother’s death. Sidney did remarry in 1827 (Isabella Reed) and had four more children, but it is unclear whether Sally returned home. (She did split the estate with Sidney Reed Grundy, Elias Davidson, and Green Clay.

The fourth child, Isabella Edwards, died in her second year of life.) Sally eloped with her cousin, Oliver McDowell Keen, in 1843, who died in a cholera epidemic a few years later. $400 - $600 202

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SLAVERY AND THE AFRICAN AMERICAN EXPERIENCE 418 Antebellum Southern Letter Regarding Merino Sheep on Slave Plantations, June, 1851 4pp, 9 x 11 in. Merry Hill, Bertie County, N.Ca., June 7, 1851. Letterhead paper is blue with engraving of Merino sheep at top of first page.

From J.M Page, to an unnamed friend.

Most of the letter regards farming methods. Merry Hill acquired these Merinos (pictured on the letterhead), which won silver at a New York agricultural exhibition. He notes that farmers have paid little attention to their livestock, cattle or sheep. He notes: To give you an idea of the estimate placed upon cattle by farmers & others here, Mr. S. as he informed me a few years ago had his cattle driven up, counted & marked. There mustered some two hundred head. Among them were fifty-two yoke of fine well grown steers. Eighteen months afterward he had his cattle driven up again and of the 52 yoke there could be mustered only three fair and an odd one, and some of these bore the marks of buck shot about their horns and heads. The miserably idle white population of the “piney woods” had hunted them as they would deer, although they were ranging on his own lands.

He goes on to bemoan the fact that farmers keep adhering to old methods, even when it can be demonstrated that newer ones are better. He gives an example of his friend who ...last season on account of destructive storms he housed but 800 bbls. [of shelled corn] & has been obliged to purchase 300 bbls. more for consumption in his own plantation, besides obtaining 30 or 40 tons of hay from Norfolk & Baltimore, although with comparatively little labor, any quantity of hay might be raised on lands now lying waste which would be better for their stock & enable them to send the most of their corn to market, yet they pay so little attention to this crop because it is not one of the staples & would be an innovation.

He gives other examples, such as adherence to older methods of processing herring. He notes that farmers in the area have fishing rights on the sound or tributaries: ...a neighbor of mine, and caught 400,000 herrings, which he trimmed for the Richmond market, that is, cut off the head and belly leaving only the thick part of the herring to be packed – making 400 bbls., which brought him in that market seven dollars a barrel. The same fish put up gross would fill 800 bbls., and bring in a different market with the same cost of transportation, five dollars a bbl.

While the offal obtained from trimming the fish is worth as manure about a shilling a bbl. You can easily estimate the difference in the yield. Yet this advantage of a different method of packing & a different market was not improved because it would have been an innovation of old custom.

His final thoughts are for friends and family, some of which had died since he was last able to visit, providing a somewhat depressing ending, but, for the time, a reality. An interesting view of a few agricultural methods in the mid-19th century. Full transcription available. $600 - $800

419 Southern Merchant, Colonel James O. Claybrooke, Archive including Slave Content 56 items.

An archive of receipts, invoices, and bills of sale from Col. James Overton Claybrooke’s “Brookville” plantation, in Louisa County, VA. Most of the documents are from the late 1850s through the 1870s, giving a glimpse into the business of Virginia plantation life before, during, and after the Civil War. Included are two slave-related documents concerning the settlement of the estate of James’ father, Col. John Claybrooke. As James had spent many years caring for his father, he inherited the home and central portion of the plantation.

One document is an agreement between James and his brothers John S. and Thomas, giving them their share of goods from the plantation, including $3000 worth of Negroes. A second document, apparently from the probate court, is labeled Advancement of Negroes made to John S. Claybrooke, James O. Claybrooke, and Thomas W. Claybrooke, which advancement must be equally divided. It goes on to list eight slaves by name, aged 3 through 38, along with their market value. Three other slaves, aged 2 through 20, were advanced to Mary, James’ sister. Another document seems to be an 1860 receipt for payment for the rental of slaves for harvest work. An 1866 document is a grocer’s bill for John Jackson, colored. $1,000 - $1,500 SEE DETAILED DESCRIPTIONS, ADDITIONAL PHOTOGRAPHS AND CONDITION REPORTS OF ALL LOTS AT COWANS.COM

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SLAVERY AND THE AFRICAN AMERICAN EXPERIENCE 420 Exceptional Gilbert Hunt, Freed Richmond Slave, Salt Print by Vannerson Salt print, 5.25 x 7.375 in., taken by Julian Vannerson, 77 Main St., Richmond, VA, ca 1859-1860. Period inscription beneath the photograph reads: Made free by the inhabitants of Richmond for services rendered at the burning of the Theatre in Richmond at which he saved by his untiring exertions 36 lives. The fire occurred the 26th of September 1836. Gilbert Hunt to his young friend and master Henry Orth.

Although the date of 1836 is referenced, research indicates that the deadly fire that took place in the Richmond theatre occurred on the evening of December 26, 1811. While many of the attendees were killed as they tried to escape, Gilbert Hunt, who was on his way home from worship at a Baptist church, rushed to the scene and helped in saving the lives of several theatregoers. Those who were saved were dropped from a window by Dr. James McCaw, who was inside the theatre, to Hunt, who caught them or tried to break their fall.

Hunt would later join the Richmond volunteer fire brigade in 1823 and aid in rescuing several hundred prisoners caught in a fire at the state penitentiary.

Born a slave in King William County, VA, ca 1780, Gilbert Hunt worked for the Army as a blacksmith during the War of 1812. After saving up enough money, Hunt purchased his freedom for $800 in 1829. He then traveled to Liberia where he had the opportunity to explore several settlements near Africa’s western coast. Upon his return to Richmond, Hunt acquired property and opened his own blacksmith shop, and in 1863, he died a free man. (Information obtained from Richmond Times-Dispatch article entitled “Gilbert Hunt,”

by Dorine Bethea, February 5, 1999.)

A rich and luminous photograph of an individual with a complex and inspirational past. $4,000 - $6,000

421 H.P. Moore Photograph of Freed Slaves, Edisto Island, South Carolina Albumen photograph, 5.25 x 7 in., mounted, 6.5 x 8 in., attributed to Henry P. Moore. Taken in the spring of 1862 on James Hopkinson’s plantation, Edisto Island, SC. Concord, NH photographer Henry P. Moore traveled to South Carolina and Georgia in 1862-1863 to visit the 3rd New Hampshire Regiment, and during that trip, he had the opportunity to photograph soldiers in camp, Navy warships, sailors, and former slaves at work. The photographs he produced at this time provide a more candid, straightforward look at the lives of soldiers and freed slaves alike in these southern states. $800 - $1,200

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SLAVERY AND THE AFRICAN AMERICAN EXPERIENCE 422 Rare CDV of the Escaped Slave “Gordon” Displaying His Scars Carte with McPherson & Oliver, Baton Rouge, LA backmark. One of the most famous, or infamous, images of American slavery shows the back and profile of a young African American male slave who was bullwhipped after being captured while trying to escape, which left his back horribly scarred. Known only as Gordon, he made it across Union lines ca 1863, and Northern abolitionists had this photograph taken to publicize the horrors of slavery. When this image was reproduced in Harper’s, it bore the caption “Gordon Under Medical Inspection.”

Although a well-known image in its day, it is rarely encountered today in CDV format. $2,500 - $3,500

4 of 17 verso

423 Reconstruction-Era CDV Album of African American Leaders, Including Autographed View of Frederick Douglass by J.P. Ball Lot of 17 CDVs, accompanied by the original leather album in which they were found. All but one are portraits of African Americans, the most important being a rare carte of the abolitionist Frederick Douglass by the noted African American photographer J.P. Ball. Above Ball’s verso imprint is a possible ink autograph by Douglass (Douglass’ signature widely varied).

Two other cartes are by the African American photographer and politician William Hines Furbush, who began his photographic career in Delaware, OH, but left during the Civil War to ply his trade at the Union Army camp at Helena, AR, where he remained afterward and was elected one of the first black legislators and sheriffs in the state.

Both cartes bear Furbush’s Helena, AR backmark, with one signed Compliments of James Mason and the other identified Alexander, Esq.

The remaining cartes include: one by E. von Seutter of Jackson, MS, signed on verso compliments of J.(?)R. Lynch; ; two by W.W. Washburn of New Orleans, both identified on verso as C.M. Bowles; one by P.L Martin of Xenia, OH, identified G. Brister; two by W.H. Jacoby of Xenia, both with 1865 revenue stamps on verso, one signed E.T. Page 1865 and the other a trick CDV showing a man posed with himself, signed on verso Compliments, Antony(?); one by W.J. Winter of Springfield, OH, signed Compliments of James H. Rice(?); one by C.D. Fredericks, NY, signed or identified Cisena(?); an uncredited carte identified as Ms. Ella Felding; and unidentified cartes by H.J. Herrick of Vicksburg, MS, H.C. Cory of Holly Springs, AR, Hughes Gallery of Memphis, Ryder of Cleveland, OH, and W.Q. Lowd & Co. $3,500 - $5,500

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detail

424 Blind Tom, The African American Musical Prodigy, Flute Presented by Wm. R. Meinell Silver and ebony flute bearing a gold engraved nameplate reading Made For Blind Tom By Wm. R. Meinell, New York., with Meinell’s stamp on the ebony as well. Housed in the original velvet-lined leather case.

Thomas “Blind Tom” Wiggins (1849-1908) was born a slave on a Georgia plantation. Blind at birth and presumed to be mentally deficient, he was incapable of performing the work expected of a slave child and was allowed to roam the grounds and house freely. Young Tom eventually made his way to the house piano, where master General James Bethune’s daughters saw him as a curiosity and began to incorporate him into their daily lessons. Tom exhibited an uncanny knack for mimicry, both on the piano and by voice — despite being nearly unable to communicate his needs by speech. General Bethune caught word of the boy and began to exhibit him around the South, eventually securing an audience with President James Buchanan at the White House in 1860, which was possibly the first featured performance of an African American musician in that venue.

Following the Civil War, General Bethune - a rabid secessionist planter who could no longer count on slave labor to fuel his plantation - saw Blind Tom as a sort of loophole in the situation, as he could apply for guardianship due to the boy’s disabilities and continue to exploit his labor. The arrangement worked splendidly for General Bethune and his son John, who made up to $100,000 per year managing Tom’s tours across the United States and Europe. Blind Tom eventually added the coronet, French Horn, and flute to his regimen, and further delighted audiences with voice impressions of famous speakers and mimicry of animal noises. And contrary to his “idiocy,” he composed nearly 1,000 original pieces of music - many of which became top sellers - although his handlers were legally entitled to every penny of profit.

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General Bethune had appointed his son John the guardian of Blind Tom in 1875, and when John died in a railroad accident in 1884, a fierce custody battle began.

Guardianship had transferred to General Bethune, but John’s ex-wife Eliza and Tom’s mother Charity collaborated to gain control of Tom and his earnings. After three years of legal wrangling, Tom was awarded to Eliza. Despite over three decades of stardom and having earned a fortune for the Bethune family, the August 18, 1887 edition of the New York Times reported that Tom was “returned to his mother’s house with nothing but his wardrobe and a silver flute.” What’s more, his new guardians had no greater interest in his welfare than the last and his mother abandoned him when it became clear that Eliza would not be sharing his earnings. Tom continued touring under Eliza’s management until suffering a stroke in 1904 and succumbing to another in 1908.

Modern biographers have called Blind Tom the Slave Pianist and The Last Legal Slave in America. In spite of his talent, fame, and earning ability, the only things he ever actually owned may have been his clothes and the flute offered here. William R. Meinell was one of the top flute makers of his era, active from the 1860s to 1903, and his work is now included in the collections of the Library of Congress and the Metropolitan Museum of Art. It makes sense that Meinell would have presented one of his instruments to one of the top practitioners of his time, whether for marketing purposes or out of pure appreciation of his talent. John Bethune brought Blind Tom to New York each summer from 1875 until his (Bethune’s) death, and arranged for him to study under some of the best musicians in the city, including eminent flutist, T.G. Withers. Meinell would surely have been acquainted with many of these musicians, giving him an opportunity to present Tom the flute. It has also been suggested that Withers had this flute made by Meinell for Tom. Regardless, the information on hand indicates that the flute offered here is most likely the very one referred to in the New York Times article. $15,000 - $25,000

SLAVERY AND THE AFRICAN AMERICAN EXPERIENCE 425 Anna B. Herrig, Female Educator Focused on African American & American Indian Minorities, Presentation Trophy Plus Related Materials Lot of 6 items related to Anna B. Herrig, including silver plated loving cup with the following engraving: To our friend/ Anna B. Herrig/ with Affection and Gratitude/ for all that she has taught us/ of/ Loyalty in Friendship/ unselfish devotion to Duty/ and/ broad unfailing Charity.

Reverse side engraved: From Friends in/ New Paltz, N.Y. Base marked Derby Silver Plate Co./ 990. 8 in. tall.

Accompanied by Herrig’s personal copy of The Story of The Paltz, A Brief History of New Paltz, N.Y. Compiled by Cornelia E. DuBois, 1936; ALS from American naturalist and essayist, John Burroughs (18371921) to Miss Herrig, from West Park, N.Y., July 11, 1916, thanking her for sending him a copy of her book on the Paltz, which he had been reading with interest; Herrig’s personal copy of In the Catskills, Selections from the Writings of John Burroughs, published in Boston & New York, Houghton Mifflin Company, 1910; Herrig’s 1924 US Passport, including photograph; and Herrig’s personal journal from her 1924 European trip, 20pp contain entries.

Born in Saginaw, MI, Anna B. Herrig (1866-1938) became the first US recipient of the new certificate in 1891 to teach at Normal Schools, the former name for teacher education centers or teachers’ colleges.

She studied at Columbia University, Harvard, Clark, and the University of Chicago. Herrig also spent some time working as the principal of training schools in South Dakota and Nebraska. She taught in New Paltz, NY for twelve years before relocating to Mount Pleasant, MI to teach at Central Michigan University in the Department of Psychology and Education from 1921-1938. Among her many accomplishments, Herrig started a World Acquaintance Tour, a Negro Acquaintance Tour, a Sherwood Eddy Conference, a YWCA Mercier Breakfast, and annual Christmas parties at the Indian School. Almost 30 years after her passing, Central Michigan University named a hall after Herrig, which was dedicated in December 1967. (Information obtained from Clarke Historical Library website, May 10, 2014.) $400 - $600

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POLITICS IN AMERICA | Politics Before Lincoln 426 George Washington Inaugural Button, Eagle with Star Brass inaugural button featuring a shield-breasted American eagle clutching arrows and a laurel branch at center, and a heraldic estoile with alternate wavy rays above, within a narrow border of 63 marks.

Device impressed. 1789. 35mm. See Albert, WI-12C. From the Estate of Kenneth Erwin, Portland, Michigan $1,000 - $1,500

427 George Washington Strands of Hair, Plus Includes 4 approx. 3/8 in. strands of President George Washington’s hair, housed in a modern frame under glass with 11 flakes of the red cedar case that contained George Washington’s coffin. The relics are framed together with a modern portrait of Washington and his facsimile signature, 18 x 22 in. overall.

The strands of hair were once part of a larger lock of hair presented to Thomas Farmer in 1845 by a young lady employed by a hair braiding establishment on Chatham St., New York. The young lady, who was in the process of making a locket or bracelet from Washington and General Andrew Jackson’s hair for a jewelry store on Broadway, gave a lock of the hair to Farmer. The strands offered here were obtained

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from Farmer’s lock, originally accompanied by a letter of provenance, which previously sold at Alexander Autographs on October 15, 2005. Copies of the previous auction listing and letter of provenance accompany the lot, as well as a Letter of Authenticity signed by Ryan T. Mack of Griffin Memorabilia.

The removed pieces from the original outer case that housed Washington’s casket in 1799 were once part of a larger piece presented to Congressman Timothy Hedges in 1831, and the lot includes a copy of a letter from Mrs. Paul Hedges, the wife of a descendant of Timothy Hedges, tracing the provenance of the relic, as well as a Letter of Authenticity signed by Ryan T. Mack. $1,000 - $1,500

POLITICS IN AMERICA | Politics Before Lincoln

428 Scarce William Henry Harrison Campaign Flag Banner Red, white, and blue printed silk flag banner, 22.25 x 28 in., with legend on white stripes in black ink faded to brown: Harrison / and Reform / the Hero of / Tippecanoe. Canton with 12 stars arranged in circular pattern with large star in the center of blue field. Border hem is hand stitched. See Collins Threads of History, fig. 142. $8,000 - $10,000

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POLITICS IN AMERICA | Lincolniana 429 Abraham Lincoln Civil War-Period ANS, February 27, 1863, Plus Abraham Lincoln ANS framed together with engraving and TLS from W. Atlee Burpee, Jr. owner of the Burpee Seed Company, to Walter Huber, President of the Fell Co. Printers, dated June 23, 1941. Burpee presented this lithograph of President Lincoln and a signed note (ANS) that were framed together to his business associate in appreciation for sixty-six years of printing the Burpee seed catalog. The engraving and signature were reframed with Burpee’s letter. Also attached to the backing of the frame is an envelope with a TLS by David Burpee to John Miller, a later head of Fell Co. Printers, dated 1975, and several of David Burpee’s obituaries.

The note signed by Lincoln, almost a footnote in the Burpee-Fell story, is approx. 2 x 3.5 in. and reads “Murfy - already nominated for Pay Master Please preview. A. Lincoln Feb. 27, 1863.” Presumably one of many requests for positions with which Lincoln (and other chief executives) was bombarded. $4,000 - $6,000

430 Abraham Lincoln & Salmon Chase Autographed Appointment for Uriah D. Meeker, Assessor of Taxes, 1862 Abraham Lincoln (1809-1865), 16th President of the United States (1861-1865) and Salmon Portland Chase (1808-1873), US Supreme Court Chief Justice, Secretary of the Treasury, US Senator, and Governor of Ohio. Signed appointment document, 11 x 16.625 in., Aug. 22, 1862, making Uriah D. Meeker of Malone, NY, Assessor of Taxes for the 17th collection district of the State of New York. Signed Abraham Lincoln as President and S.P. Chase as Secretary of the Treasury. $4,000 - $6,000

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POLITICS IN AMERICA | Lincolniana 431 Lincoln & Hamlin 1860 Campaign Ferrotype Shield-breasted eagle pinback attached to brass pendant, 1.125 in. dia., with Abraham Lincoln Free Soil & Free Men surrounding ferrotype portrait of a beardless Lincoln, .75 in. dia.; reverse with Hannibal Hamlin Free Speech surrounding ferrotype portrait of Hamlin, .75 in. dia. Overall, 2 in. long.

From the Estate of Kenneth Erwin, Portland, Michigan $500 - $700

432 King Hostick - Georg Studio Collection of Abraham Lincoln Photographs Lot of 8, including six silver gelatin photographs printed from negatives owned by King V. Hostick at the Herbert Georg Studio, Springfield, IL, printed ca 1950s-1970s, from the original negatives by Alexander Hesler, taken at Springfield, IL, June 3, 1860. Two are 11 x 14 in. prints, two 8 x 10 in. prints, and two 4.75 x 6.75 in. prints, each pair comprised of the poses catalogued by Ostendorf as O-26 and O-27.

The originals were made two weeks after Lincoln was nominated for President at the Republican National Convention in Chicago, and were well received by many, including Lincoln, who said of the two portraits here: That looks better and expresses me better than any I have ever seen; if it pleases the people I am satisfied [Ostendorf, p.47].

Also included are two prints, 11 x 14 in. and 8 x 10 in., both head detail enlargements of the pose made at Alexander Gardner’s studio in Washington, November 8, 1863. The entire group was purchased as a box lot from a small auction in Illinois, and is accompanied by an original mailer from the Herbert Georg Studio advertising the offering and supplemented by copied paperwork suggesting that these photographs came from King Hostick or an employee of the studio. $1,000 - $1,500

433 King Hostick - George Studio Photographs of Abraham Lincoln Lot of 2 silver gelatin photographs, 11 x 14 in., printed from negatives owned by King V. Hostick at the Herbert Georg Studio, Springfield, IL, printed ca 1950s-1970s, from the original negatives by Alexander Hesler, taken at Springfield, IL, June 3, 1860, [Ostendorf, O-26 and O-27]. Purchased in the same grouping as the photographs offered in the previous lot. $500 - $700

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POLITICS IN AMERICA | Lincolniana 434 Abraham Lincoln & Mary Todd Lincoln, Strands of Hair, Ex Forbes Collection Includes six strands of Abraham’s hair and six of Mary Todd’s, given by them to Mrs. Carolina Wright, wife of Indiana Governor Joseph A. Wright as a token of friendship following Lincoln’s second inauguration in 1865. Mrs. Wright actively collected hair of political figures during the latter half of the 19th century.

These relics were passed through the Wright family until offered at auction by Christie’s in 1992. Ex. Forbes Collection (2002).

Framed to 15.75 x 18.5 in.

The Paul DeHaan Collection of Items Related to Admiral D.G. Farragut and the USS Hartford $400 - $600

POLITICS IN AMERICA | Lincolniana | The Assassination & Funeral

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435 Abraham Lincoln’s Assassination, The Philadelphia Inquirer, Twelve Issues, April 15-29, 1865 Lot of 12 issues of The Philadelphia Inquirer, Philadelphia, PA, including April 15, 1865 issue announcing the Murder of President Lincoln!, plus 11 subsequent issues dating from April 17 to 29, reporting the funeral and the search for John Wilkes Booth and his conspirators.

These original issues of The Philadelphia Inquirer contain a report of the assassination on April 15; evidence of conspiracy on April 17, with a front-page wood-engraving of Booth; a reward of $10,000 offered

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for Booth on the 19th; announcement of funeral plans on the 20th, with a front-page wood-engraving of the casket and “funeral car”; the pursuit of Booth on the 21st; the funeral procession on the 26th, with a front-page wood-engraving of the funeral cortege; and a report on the disposition of Booth’s body on the 29th, which states in part: authorities are not inclined to give his wretched carcass the honor of meeting the public gaze, and it will probably be deposited in whatever place promises the most utter obscurity. $1,000 - $1,500

POLITICS IN AMERICA | The Assassination & Funeral 436 Edwin Bates, South Carolina Merchant who Sat Below Lincoln at Ford’s Theatre, April 14, 1865, Hand-Colored Photograph by George S. Cook, 1860 Hand-colored photograph, 8.25 x 11 in., of Edwin Bates (1830-1887), South Carolina merchant who sat below Lincoln at Ford’s Theater on the night of April 14, 1865, and whose account of the assassination is one of the most informative of eyewitnesses accounts about that night on record. The photographs dated 1860 on verso and includes a George S. Cook, Charleston, SC label. Considered the “Matthew Brady” of the South, Cook (1819-1902) took the first combat photograph known (i.e., Ironclads firing on Ft. Moultrie in 1863).

Bates was born in Derby, VT, and left for Charleston, SC, at age 16 to work as a clerk in a dry goods firm. A few years later, with a partner, Bates opened the dry goods firm of McGahan, Bates & Co. At the close of the war, he left Charleston to establish the clothing house of Edwin Bates & Co. with his brother, Charles K. Bates, in New York City. En route North, he stopped off at Washington, D.C. Bates was one of the few witnesses seated in the front row of the orchestra level at Ford’s Theater, almost directly below Lincoln. His account of the assassination in a letter dated April 15, 1865, to his father, Jacob Bates of Derby, VT, is one of the most informative of eyewitness accounts about the assassination. Bates begins “I went to the theater last night & saw him [Lincoln] for the first time- & soon after an event did occur – not happy as I than predicted in my letter, but one of the most horrible & atrocious that as ever been recorded in the annals of history – the assassination of Mr. Lincoln.” Bates then describes John Wilkes Booth’s appearance and escape in great detail. Bates wrote that he attended the show with a friend, Mr. Frederick A. Sawyer (1822-91, later a U.S. Senator from South Carolina, who was also sitting in the front row of the orchestra level. Bates and Mr. Sawyer were located nearly underneath the box occupied by Lincoln. In the letter, he then describes the general disposition of the crowd at Lincoln Theater and the surrounding community the morning after Lincoln’s assassination. He and Sawyer speculated that the union forces would find the assassin, and that he would probably be classified as insane, and “that the lowest depths of human depravity even in a rebel of the worst type would not permit to commit such a horrible deed in so bold a manner before thousands of people & where there could be so little chance to escape.” Refer to cowans.com for additional excerpts from Bates’ letter. $500 - $700

POLITICS IN AMERICA | Politics After Lincoln

437 Photographic Album of the Massachusetts Senate, 1878 Leather-bound album, 5.75 x 6.75 in., with gilt Massachusetts Senate/ 1878 on spine, and title page: Album of the Officers and Members of the Senate of Massachusetts. 1878. Containing 54 albumen photographs, 3.5 x 4.5 in., accompanied by printed titles identifying the sitter and their district.

Sitters include: John B.D. Cogswell; James C. Abott; Charles Adams, Jr.; Henry F. Barker; George S. Barton; Joseph L. Beal; Robert R. Bishop; Amos F. Breed; Fred P. Brown; Alvah A. Burrage; Horace J. Canfield; George W. Cate; Abraham B. Coffin; Ezra Davol; Marcellus Day; Frederick D. Ely; Henry C. Ewing; Michael J. Flatley; Charles L. Gardner; Lewis .

Gilbert; Thomas Gogin; James H. Gregory; Benjamin F. Hayes; Henry B. Hill; Charles J. Holmes; Hosea M. Knowlton; William Knowlton; Ebenezer B. Lynde; Charles H. Merriam; Albert Palmer; Allan Rogers; Joseph S. Ropes; Charles Theodore Russell; Amos J. Saunders; Luther H. Sherman; Jackson B. Swett; Byron Truell; James White; Jonathan White; Henry Winn; W.A. Hodges; O.F. Mitchell; S.N. Gifford; H.F. Hosmer; Rev. Isaac Dunham; S.W. Edgell; J. Sidwell; W.H. Jarvis; P.J. Fee; J.E. Armstrong; C.N. Marsh; F.E. Peck; W.W. Griffin; J. Newell, Jr. $3,000 - $5,000 SEE DETAILED DESCRIPTIONS, ADDITIONAL PHOTOGRAPHS AND CONDITION REPORTS OF ALL LOTS AT COWANS.COM

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438 Blaine-Logan, 1884 Presidential Jugate Campaign Flag Banner Red, white, blue, and black printed, silk flag banner, 15.25 x 23.25 in., featuring black and white jugate portraits of Blaine and Logan in the center of the field of 38 stars, with legend: 1884/ For President / James G. Blaine/ For Vice President/ John A. Logan. (See Collins, Threads of History, 1979: fig. 529.) $2,000 - $3,000

439 36-Star Blaine 1884 Campaign Flag Glazed cotton muslin, 2.25 x 4 in., printed flag featuring image of James G. Blaine superimposed on stripes. With 36 stars arranged in double medallion pattern with central star, flanked by two stars in each corner. Offset printing of canton and stripes. Ca 1884.

Blaine failed to win the Republican nomination for President in 1876 and 1880 but was successful in gaining his party’s nomination in the election of 1884. The former Speaker of the House and Secretary of State in the Garfield and Arthur administrations was a good family man and enjoyed strong support among immigrant groups, but apparently engaged in questionable investment schemes while on the public payroll. The campaign against Grover Cleveland was bitter and focused on each of the candidate’s shortcomings.

In a closely contested race, Cleveland edged Blaine to gain the Presidency.

Documented in the book, The Stars and Stripes: Fabric of the American Spirit, J. Richard Pierce, LLC, 2005 (p.51).

J. Richard Pierce Collection of American Parade Flags $1,000 - $1,500

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POLITICS IN AMERICA | Politics After Lincoln 440 1888 Presidential Election Broadside Celebrating the Anniversary of Lincoln’s Emancipation Proclamation in an Appeal to African American Voters in Missouri 27 x 41.5 in. on salmon paper. An appeal to African American voters on the eve of the 1888 elections. “A Grand Celebration of the Emancipation Proclamation of Abraham Lincoln issued Sept 22, 1862 will take place at Kansas City [MO] Friday Sept 21 [1888]...”

Lincoln had issued a preliminary proclamation on Sept. 22, stating that he would emancipate slaves in any seceding state that did not rejoin the Union by Jan. 1, 1863. None did, and the final Emancipation Proclamation was signed on New Year’s Day freeing all slaves in rebelling states.

At that point in the war, the Union could not enforce the order, but slaves were informed about it as Federal forces trekked through the southern regions.

A smaller type note under this is somewhat interesting: All Secret Societies and Political Organizations are respectfully invited to be present, as this will be the Grandest Political occasion held in the state of Missouri, by Colored People. Twenty-six years ago four millions of America’s Sons and Daughters of Africa were Liberated from the Thraldom of American Slavery by the Emancipation Proclamation.

Later it lists the order of speakers (this was a political rally), and Joseph Pelham was scheduled give the “Emancipation oration,” and H.E. Hyde on the “Past, Present, and Future Political Status of the Negro of America….”

Also on the agenda were various contests, giving the whole affair the feel of a county fair. There were prizes for the mother of the “finest baby,” (a $25 baby buggy), for the best band ($25), also portraits (oil and crayon), dolls, quilts, even the “Handsomest Pin Cushion” ($2). But the biggest prize, a $50 watch, was given to the “best uniformed Harrison & Morton Club present.”

A wonderful example of a Presidential Campaign broadside designed to appeal directly to African American voters in what was once a border state, and a staging area and participant in the “Bleeding Kansas” activities of the middle 1850s. $700 - $900

441 45-Star Roosevelt Presentation Flag Cotton, 4 x 6.5 in., printed flag with 45 stars configured in staggered pattern. Inscription stamped in gold reads: Presented By/ the President of the United States/ Theodore Roosevelt/ May 13, 1903/ 1919 California Street San Francisco.

Ca 1903.

On May 13, 1903, during his visit to San Francisco, President Theodore Roosevelt was greeted by thousands of cheering school children who lined the streets along his route to a reception of Native Sons’ Hall, followed by a drive through the Presidio to review the militia under the command of General Arthur MacArthur. The President lunched at the famed Cliff House before returning through Golden Gate Park to the Palace Hotel.

This souvenir flag was presented at 1919 California Street, home of Michael H. DeYoung, who, with his brother Charles, founded the San Francisco Chronicle in 1895.

Documented in the book, The Stars and Stripes: Fabric of the American Spirit, J. Richard Pierce, LLC (p.55). Overall toning with slight soiling under canton; slight fraying at upper right corner; flag glued to cardboard backing by previous owner.

Mounted to acid-free mat board.

J. Richard Pierce Collection of American Parade Flags $800 - $1,000

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442 Outstanding Photograph of William Howard Taft Debating William Jennings Bryan Ca 1908 silver gelatin photograph of William Howard Taft delivering a speech to a large crowd gathered in the street, while William Jennings Bryan takes notes beside him. Portraits of several prominent Republicans draped in American flags hang from the central building, including a large portrait of Taft himself directly above the speaking platform (and Taft’s name spelled in electric lights), Taft’s running mate James Sherman, William McKinley, and others. Framed, 13.125 x 16.375 in. (sight), 18.875 x 21.875 overall. $400 - $600

443 48-Star Woodrow Wilson Signature Flag Glazed cotton muslin, 3.5 x 6.5 in., printed campaign flag. Signature W. Wilson stamped on stripes. Ca 1912-1920.

Virginia native Woodrow Wilson (1856-1924), the son of a Presbyterian minister, graduated from Princeton and the University of Virginia Law School, then earned his doctorate degree at Johns Hopkins and began an academic career as a political science professor. He became president of Princeton University in 1902.

Wilson was elected governor of New Jersey in 1910, endorsing a progressive platform, which led to his nomination for president at the Democratic Convention in 1912. He defeated incumbent William Howard Taft and Teddy Roosevelt in a three-way race, capturing only 42 percent of the popular vote, but an overwhelming majority of the electoral college votes. He served two terms and died in February, 1924, three years after leaving office.

Documented in the book, The Stars and Stripes: Fabric of the American Spirit, J. Richard Pierce, LLC (p.59). $1,000 - $1,500

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POLITICS IN AMERICA | Politics After Lincoln

444 Senator Joseph R. McCarthy’s Personal Bag with Hidden Bar Brown leather bag, 12 x 18 x 13.5 in. high, with gilt monogram J.R.Mc., locking zipper, and an outer locking compartment containing two glass flasks secured with leather straps, space for two shot glasses (not present), and a corkscrew/bottle opener. One side retains a partial US Customs stamp.

The bag was given to the consignor, a medical doctor, by a patient and friend who had acquired it from his uncle, the banjo player Slim Miller, who was active ca 1930s-1960s. Accompanied by a signed letter from the consignor documenting how he acquired the bag. $2,000 - $4,000

details

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445 John F. Kennedy Assassination Ticker Tape Ticker tape about 6 in. wide, cut into various length pieces. These tell the story of events in Dallas, Texas, from about noon until just after 3 pm (CST) on Nov. 22, 1963. Apparently only block capital letters were available, and the only punctuation is a dash (-). These have been retained, but only titles and other “regular” capitals are retained. Some spelling is corrected in brackets.

The pieces were out of order, but the story is fairly apparent. The news begins with Kennedy’s arrival at Love Field just after 12:30 Eastern (11:30 Central) time. He gave a small speech there, the content of which is in the tape. (And many of his remarks should sound familiar.

We are still dealing with many of the same issues today, 50 years later.)

Kennedy Warns Ignorance in Foreign Policy Handicaps Nation-s Security Dallas – AP- President Kennedy Lashed out at Sen Barry Goldwater R-ARIZ and other Republicans who he said – Confuse rhetoric with reality Visiting an area where supporters are booming Goldwater-s chances for the 1964 Republican nomination Kennedy in his prepared speech said that ignorance and misinformation – if allowed to prevail in foreign policy handicaps this country-s securityKennedy did not specifically mention Goldwater by name – but there was not doubt he was talking about the Republican senator when he said- In a world of complex and continuing problem in a world full of frustrations and irritations America-s leadership must be guided by the lights of learning and reason – or else those who confuse rhetoric with reality and the plausible with the possible will gain the ascendancy with their seemingly swift and simple solutions to every world problemKennedy Dallas –AP- Kennedy also took a swipe at Sen Harry F Byrd D-VA and others who have criticized his economic and financial policies-At a time when the national debt is steadily being reduced in terms of its burden on our economy- he said - They see that debt as the greatest single threat to our security – At a time when we are steadily reducing the number of Federal employe[e]s serving every thousand citizens they fear those supposed hordes of civil servants more than the actual hordes of opposing armies-We cannot expect that every one to use the phrase of a decade ago will –talk sense to the American people - -but we can hope that fewer people will listen to nonsense – and the notion that this nation is headed for defeat through deficit or that strength is but a matter of slogans is nothing but just plaine [sic] nonsenseThen came the news: President Kennedy Shot Dallas –AP- President Kennedy was shot today just as his motorcade left downtown Dallas – Mrs Kennedy jumped up and grabbed Mr Kennedy – 218

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She cried Oh no- The motorcade spedb [sic] on AP photographer James W. Altgens said he saw blood on the president-s head Altgens said he saw no one with a gun AP reporter Jack Bell asked Kenneth O-Donnell Presidential Assistant if Kennedy was dead – O-Donnell gave no answer Kennedy was reported taken to Par[k]land Hospital near the Dallas Trade Mart where he was to have made a speech Bell said Kennedy was transferred to an ambulance He lay on a seat of the car Bell reported three shots were fired as the motorcade entered the triple underpass which leads to the Stemmons Freeway route to Parkland Hospital Pandemonium broke loose around the scene The Secret Service waved the motorcade on at top speed to the hospital Even at high speed it took nearly five minutes to get the car to the ambulance entrance of the hospital Gov John B Connally of Texas also was cut-down by bullets The President was slumped over in the backseat of the car face down – Connal[l]y lay on the floor of the rear seat It was impossible to tell at once where Kennedy was hit but bullet wounds in Connally-s chest were plainly visible in…

— Were plainly visible indicating the gunfire might possibly have come from an automatic weapon It was difficult to determine immediately whether the First Lady and Mrs Connally were injured Vice President Johnson was in a car behind the President-s There was no immediate sign that he was hurt – in fact there was no evidence at all at what might have happened to Johnson since only the President-s car and its Secret Service follow-up car went to the Hospital At 1 50 P M Eastern Standard Time Acting White[house] Secretary Malcolm Kilduff was asked whether the President was dead - I have no word now- Kilduff replied And there things stood for about an hour, with the press looking for information.

Kennedy Shot Dallas -AP- When the President was taken into the Emergency Room a call was sent out immediately for some of the top surgical specialists in Dallas A call was also sent for a Roman Catholic priest Congressman Jim Wright of Fort Worth said both Kennedy and Connally were seriously wounded but were alive Kennedy Dallas -AP- Hospital Officials said they had given the President a transfusion of –B- Positive blood from the bank and were calling for fresh

POLITICS IN AMERICA | Politics After Lincoln blood of that type to have it ready if additional transfusions were needed At 1 10 PM –CST- Mrs Lyndon Johnson was escorted by Secret Service agents into the Emergency Room where the President lay Kennedy Dallas –UPI- An assistant to Gov Connally said he talked to the Governor in the hospital operating room – He said the Governor was shot just below the shoulder blade in the back He asked Connally how it happened and the Governor said -I don’t know I guess from the back – They got the President tooLyndon Johnson Not Hurt Dallas Tex –AP- Mrs Lyndon Johnson said after a visit to the Emergency Operating Room today the Vice President –Is fineShe was taken back into another first floor room where Johnson originally had gone Asked if her husband also had been wounded she shook her head negatively Secret Service men pushed reporters away and permitted no more questions FBI Presses Investigation of Assassination Attempt Washn -AP-Director J Edgar Hoover of the FBI telephoned the Dallas FBI office and ordered an all-out investigation of the attempt today on the lives of President Kennedy and Gov John Connally of Texas A priest administered last rites to the President, and the secret service began speculating about a weapon that could hit both the President and the Governor. Then the rest of the bad news: Priests say Kennedy Dead Dallas –AP- Two priests who were with Kennedy say he is dead of bullet wounds Kennedy Dead Washn –AP- Government sources said today that President Kennedy is dead Kennedy Dragnet Dallas –AP- The F B I began a search for a white man about 30 years of age of slender build and weighing about 165 pounds – He is believed to be the gunman Police believed he had fired on the Presidential part with a 30-30 rifle Kennedy Dallas –AP- Kennedy died of a gunshot wound in the brain at approximately 1 P M -CST- according to an announcement by acting White House Press Secretary Malcolm Kilduff -It was a simple matter of a bullet right through the head- said Dr George Burkley White House Medical Officer Sen Yarborough said he counted three rifle shots as the Presidential limousine left downtown Dallas through a triple underpass One witness said he saw a gun emerge from an upper story of a

warehouse commanding an unobstructed view of the Presidential car Senate Adjourns Washn –AP- The White House flag was lowered to half-staff within moments after the news arrived Telephone service in the nation-s capital collapsed temporarily – The sudden load of telephone calls swamped central stations and it was impossible to get a dial tone to make calls Kennedy Dallas –AP- The New President Lyndon Johnson and his wife left the Hospital an hour after Kennedy died – Newsmen had no opportunity to question them Kennedy Dallas –AP- Kennedy-s body was removed from Parkland Hospital at 2 05 P M –CST- in a cream colored ambulance with curtains tightly drawn Mrs Kennedy rode in a passenger seat in the ambulance - - a type of vehicle with two seats for passengers She and the body were escorted from the emergency entrance of Parkland by two motorcycle officers Mrs Kennedy walked out the back door of the Emergency entrance as the body was taken out Those who saw her enter the hospital an hour and a half earlier said she had not been hysterical White House aide Kilduff said the President-s body would be flown to Washington this afternoon Kennedy Dallas –AP- The Dallas Sheriff-s Department said a rifle had been found in a staircase on the fifth floor of a building near the scene of the assassination – it was a 7 65 Mauser – the German-made army rifle had a telescopic sight with one shell left in the chamber Three spent shells were found nearby Johnson Sworn In Dallas –UPI- Mr Johnson became the 36th President of the U S at 2 39 PM Central Standard Time The plane marked Air Force 1 was still parked where it had landed to bring President Kennedy to Dallas this morning Johnson Sworn In Dallas –AP- Present at the swearing-in were Mrs Kennedy and Mrs Johnson several staff members and several Congressman [sic] Johnson asked as many of the White House people as possible to crowd into the Executive Suite of the plane to witness the ceremony The Presidential plane took off immediate[ly] for Washington with Johnson Mrs Johnson and Mrs Kennedy and some White House aides aboard History as it happened. $2,000 - $4,000

446 John F. Kennedy Strands of Hair Include 4 strands of President John F. Kennedy’s hair, housed in a modern frame under glass with a modern portrait of Kennedy and facsimile signature, 18 x 22 in. overall.

The strands of hair were once part of a group saved by Kennedy’s barber, Mr. Harry Gelbart and sold to John Reznikoff. Accompanied by a photocopied letter of the transfer of the larger lock in 1995, as well as a Letter of Authenticity signed by Ryan T. Mack of Griffin Memorabilia. $400 - $600

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AUTOGRAPHS AND MANUSCRIPTS | Presidential & Political

447 George Washington ALS, March 15, 1785, to Mathew Carey ALS, 1p, 7.5 x 12.5 in., Mount Vernon, 15 March 1785. George Washington to Mathew Carey requesting a subscription to his proposed newspaper. Copy in “The George Washington Papers,” (online) Series 2, Letterbook 12, page 42. However, the copy in the letterbook differs from this in the last paragraph, and the transcription indicates this discrepancy, although not the reason for it. The copy in the letterbook is much more positively worded, so possibly this is an earlier version?

Mount Vernon 15 Mar. 1785 Sir I purposed, so soon as I understood you intended to become the publisher of a news paper in Philadelphia to request that [inserted - a copy of your] weekly production might be sent to me. I was the more pleased with this determination when, by a letter from my friend the marquis de La Fayette, I found he had interested himself in your behalf.

It has so happened, that my Gazettes from Philadelphia, whether from inattention at the Printing or Post Offices, or other causes, come very irregularly to my hands: Let me pray you therefore to address those you send me in the appeareance of a letter. The common paper, usually applied, will do equally well for the cover. It has sometimes occurred to me that htere are persons who wishing to read News Papers without [inserted -being? at] the expence of paying for them, make free with those which are addressed to others. Under the garb of a letter it is not presumable this liberty would be taken.

I am, Sir Y[ou]r. most Obed[ient] Serv[ant] G. Washington The letterbook copy differs in the first line, reading: “It was my intention, so soon as I understood....” The last part is: “I have sometimes suspected that there are persons who have stronger desires to read Newspapers than to pay for them, borrow with a pretty heavy hand: this may be avoided by deception, and I know of no other way.” These differences suggest an earlier draft (since there are several insertions and one word crossed out on this copy. In addition, the bottom address line has “Matthew Carey,” while the letterbook correctly spells his name “Mathew.”

Mathew Carey (1760-1839) was born in Dublin, Ireland. He became an apprentice in printing, against his father’s wishes, and quickly became involved in politics (in print). Carey’s father sent him to Paris to avoid prosecution. While there, because he was known for his pro-American sentiments, he was introduced to Benjamin Franklin, and to the

young Marquis de Lafayette. Franklin put him to work at his press in Passy. During his time in Paris, young Carey also met talented French printers, further improving his craft.

He returned to Ireland when the threat of prosecution faded, but immediately got involved in political publishing again. This time he was arrested, but with the support of other printers and his many friends, the Parliament could not decide his guilt. When that body adjourned, they had to release Carey, who took the opportunity to flee to America. Ironically, the ship which brought him to Philadelphia was also named America.

He arrived on these shores with a handful of guineas, most of the rest having been transferred to gamblers on board the ship. But he made a friend of one fellow traveler, John Wallace. Upon arriving in the states, Wallace proceeded to Mount Vernon with a letter of recommendation to George Washington. It just so happened that Lafayette was visiting Washington at the time, and upon learning that Wallace just came from Dublin, inquired about his old friend Mathew Carey. The surprised Wallace informed him that Carey had arrived with him in the States, so on his way to New York to return to France, the Marquis called on Carey in Philadelphia. He learned that Carey was awaiting an overdue payment from Dublin (his portion of the publication he abandoned when he fled) so that he could begin a publication in Philadelphia. Lafayette’s parting gift as he left town was a note of encouragement and $400. Lafayette also wrote a note to Washington recommending Carey. When Lafayette returned to America for his “farewell” tour decades later, the fortunes of the two men had reversed, and Carey repaid the $400 to the impoverished Marquis.

It was presumably this “network” that prompted Washington to request a subscription to Carey’s Philadelphia Evening Herald. Carey also continued his political commentary, as seems to have been his character. Initially the going was tough, since there were many other political publications, but through many adjustments, adding lithographs, maps and atlases, pamphlets, and more, Carey was ultimately successful. (His greatest successes came late, when he began publishing medical treatises and books, which became the only business of later incarnations of the publishing house, right up to Lea and Febiger, controlled by Carey’s descendants since 1785, that continued until the firm sold to Waverly, Inc. in 1990).

References: Green, James N. 1985 Mathew Carey, Publisher and Patriot. The Library Company of Philadelphia. $10,000 - $15,000

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AUTOGRAPHS AND MANUSCRIPTS | Presidential & Political 448 Thomas Jefferson, Clipped Signature as President, 1801 Thomas Jefferson (1743-1826). 3rd President of the United States (1801-1809). Clipped signature on vellum imprinted By the President (probably a land grant or appointment document), also signed by Levi Lincoln (1749-1820) as Acting Secretary of State, a position in which he served from March 5 to May 1, 1801, until James Madison recovered from illness and arrived in Washington, at which point Lincoln assumed the office of Attorney General. 2 x 4 in. (sight), framed to 9.5 x 15.5 in. $2,000 - $3,000

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449 Thomas Jefferson & James Madison, Signed Ohio Land Grant 1p, partially printed on vellum, approx. 12.25 x 15 in.

Washington (DC): 13 August 1802. Land grant for 1000 acres in the Virginia Military district between the Little Miami and Scioto Rivers in Ohio. Signed by Thomas Jefferson and James Madison. Also docketed on verso by Secretary of War, Henry Dearborn. $2,000 - $4,000

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AUTOGRAPHS AND MANUSCRIPTS | Presidential & Political 450 Histoire de Don Quichotte, Vols I, II, IV, V, VI, From Thomas Jefferson Library Cervantes Saavedra, Miguel de. Histoire de l’Admirable Don Quichotte de lat Manche. En VI Volumes. Nouvelle Edition. [Paris?]: Haye & se, 1773. In French. 16mo, full leather, marbled endpapers, red page edges. Five of the six volumes present - Vol. I, II, IV, V, VI. Volumes II, IV, and V have Th: Jefferson to Virginia Randolph in Jefferson’s hand on the second free front endpaper, then below in another hand to Wilson Miles Cary below Virginia Randolph. Volume VI has Th: Jefferson to Virginia Randolph twice, both on the second free front endpaper and the second free rear endpaper (written with the volume held upside down), but not inscribed to Cary. Vol. I is missing front cover and first two endpapers, so it is lacking the inscription. The first page present is the half-title. The title page has Wilson Miles Cary at the top, and Carys book just a bit below that, so it is clearly part of the set.

These volumes very likely among the thousands purchased by Jefferson while Minister to France, 17851789. Books were always important to Jefferson, who read and wrote in many areas other than politics - natural history, archaeology, architecture, etc. He is considered to have had three libraries - the first inherited from his father in 1757, kept at Shadwell, the family home, and destroyed in a fire in 1770. The second was the large Monticello library, of which nearly 6500 volumes were sold to Congress after that library was burned by the British in the War of 1812. The third was the library started after selling these to Congress - his “Retirement Library.” Clearly, some of his Monticello library were also given away, before the sale to Congress.

These were probably given to Virginia Randolph Cary (1786-1852), daughter of Thomas Mann Randolph and Ann Cary Randolph. The Randolphs had twelve children.

Virginia’s brother, Thomas Mann Randolph, Jr. married Martha Jefferson, Thomas Jefferson’s daughter. When her mother died (1789) while Virginia was still a minor, she went to live at Monticello with her brother and sister-inlaw, who named one of their children Virginia Jefferson Randolph (1801-1882). The elder Virginia Randolph married her cousin Wilson Jefferson Cary in 1805, and their first child was Wilson Miles Cary (1806-1882), suggesting these were probably given to Virginia Randolph Cary, who then passed them to her son.

Virginia Randolph Cary was certainly interested in literature. She became an author in her own right, publishing Letters on Female Character, Addressed to a Young Lady, on the death of Her Mother (1828), a popular book of advice very likely based on her own early loss.

Three other books followed, all of the latter with a religious focus.

This set of books were in the estate of Harrison Baird (probable provenance of the books in caps). Harrison was the son of URSULA FAIRFAX and Charles Baird. Ursula was the daughter of Reginald FAIRFAX HARRISON and Hetty Cary. Fairfax Harrison was the son of Burton Harrison and CONSTANCE CARY. (Constance was also an author. She supported the Confederacy during the war, publishing in Richmond papers under the pen name “Refugitta.” She and her cousins also claim to have sewn the first samples of the Confederate Battle Flag.) Constance was the daughter of ARCHIBALD CARY (1815-1854) and Monimia Fairfax.

Archibald and Wilson Miles Cary (1806-1877) and four sisters were the offspring of VIRGINIA RANDOLPH (17861852), to whom the volumes were given by Jefferson, and Wilson Jefferson Cary (1784-1823). $20,000 - $30,000

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AUTOGRAPHS AND MANUSCRIPTS | Presidential & Political 451 James Madison ALS to Judge Thomas Cooper, September 4, 1810 ALS, 1p (7.5 x 9.75 in.). Montpelier, Sepr. 4, 1810. To Judge Thomas Cooper in response to his letter of 19 Aug. Cooper had written to Madison requesting that he try to obtain some recent publications on mineralogy and chemistry that had recently been published in Europe, noting that the scientific study had advanced rapidly in the decade or so that he (Cooper) had been in this country. He lists the various publications of which he is aware. He also indicates the advantages of acquiring up-todate information in this area. (letter available at http://founders.archives. gov/documents/Madison/03-02-02-061 and in the James Madison Papers at the Library of Congress). Also included is communication with those at the University of Virginia (1952) and the University of Chicago (1961) who were compiling The Papers of James Madison, one of which verifies that this is an original letter written by Madison.

Madison replies in this letter: I have recd your favor of the 19th Aug. and have transmitted the request it makes, to Mr. Warden, who will more certainly be found at Paris, than Genl.

Armstrong , and who is perhaps, more in communication with those most capable of assisting his researcher. I need not, I hope, assure you that I have felt a pleasure in contributing to it, in the way you have thought proper to make use of me to an object which in affording you a personal gratification of the noblest kind, promises moreover advantage both to science & to our country. I order to multiply the chances of providing for the expence that may be called for, I have authorized Mr. Warden to make any use of my responsibility, that may lessen the present difficulty of transferring funds from this Country to the Continent of Europe. Accept sir my sincere esteem, and very friendly wishes.

James Madison Although Madison (President 1809-1817) has never had the popular appeal of other Presidents such as Washington, Jefferson, Jackson, Lincoln, etc., his terms encompassed a number of significant events. Chief among those was the War of 1812 (the “Second War of Independence/Revolution”), which resulted in the burning of Washington, DC. Even before his election as chief executive, Madison had been instrumental in organizing the Constitutional Convention, and suggesting the “Virginia Plan” as a blueprint for the national document. If Jefferson was the “Father of the Declaration of Independence,” his close friend, Madison, was the “Father of the Constitution.” He also introduced the Bill of Rights into Congress in 1789, guaranteeing civil liberties to all.

As Jefferson’s Secretary of State, Madison helped form the young nation’s foreign policy, including an embargo against Britain and France. These policies would ultimately lead to war. They also devastated the economy of New England, and those more urbanized regions threatened secession in the first decade of the century. Madison faced down these threats and defeated the British. Thereafter America would fight with her parent rather than against her.

Madison is being considered by modern historians as one of the most successful of the “Founding Fathers,” in part because he ended up (probably not by accident) on the winning side of all of the significant arguments that faced the new nation in its first half century. He worked quietly in the background building the country bit by bit in all areas, from the Constitution and domestic rights, to economic issues (such as the national bank), to foreign affairs.

Thomas Cooper (1759-1839) was born in England, and studied at University College, Oxford. He apparently did not graduate as a result of emerging sociopolitical views (refused the religious test). He studied law at the Inner Temple, but, again, it is not clear he qualified as a barrister.

His inclinations appeared to be more in a scientific direction. Either during or just after his legal education he became involved in calico printing. He developed a keen interest in chemistry, dyes, and moved on to glass and ceramics.

During his formative years he also got involved in politics, supporting a constitutional government and religious tolerance, if not religious freedom. Although he styled himself a moderate, history sees his actions and alliances as fairly radical. He emigrated to America with Joseph Priestly in 1794. He briefly considered France, but did not like the violent turn that revolution had taken. He settled in Northumberland County, PA, and fairly quickly became involved in politics here. He sympathized with Jeffersonian Republicans, and took a stand against the Alien and Sedition Acts. He later counted Jefferson and Madison among his closest friends. Jefferson secured Cooper his first academic appointment at the University of Virginia. He subsequently served at Dickinson College, Univ.

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of Pennsylvania, and South Carolina College, in departments of natural science and chemistry. This accounts for his concern about acquiring the most up-to-date information from Europe in these areas. In his letter to Madison, he notes that he has expended much effort “...to get up to the Knowledge of the day.”

In Cooper’s letter of Sept. 19 in response to this letter from Madison, he gets more explicit about the economic aspects. In regard to the manufacture of glass: “The executions made here to establish a manufacturer and to render ourselves independent of Great Britain in this respect, will excite much attention, much jealousy, much hatred and much fear, among the mercantile and manufacturing monopolists of that country,... The middle class however, the literary gentlemen, and the writers by profession on statistics and political economy in that country are wise enough to adopt it as an axiom, that the surest way to wealth and prosperity for any country to possess is to promote the industry, knowledge, wealth, and prosperity of every other country. The traders of England, in their industrial capacity, well know that the richer their customers are the more they will be able to buy, but the people of England do not, and the ministry [of trade, manufacturing, etc.] will not know this.”

The two gentlemen referenced in Madison’s letter, General John Armstrong, Jr. (1758-1843) had been appointed Minister to France (1804-1810) by Jefferson, and David Bailie Warden (1772-1845) was the tutor of the Armstrong children and secretary of the legation.

Warden, much like Cooper, was born in the “old country,” in this case Ireland. He studied for the ministry, but political alliances (with the United Irishmen) got him banished from British territory. Although trained as a minister, he had a keen interest in chemistry, math and literature, and upon arrival in the United States, got involved in education, for which he was much better suited. One of his favorite areas was agricultural science, so it is easy to see how he became friends with Jefferson and others in that area. (Also like Cooper, he seemed to have a knack for annoying people wherever he went, and eventually this resulted in his dismissal from the diplomatic corps.) By the time he left for France with Armstrong, Warden had become an American citizen. In an unofficial (and unsupported) capacity, he became a “cultural ambassador” for America. He remained in France most of the next four decades, making his living by his pen (and brains), and thus in the position mentioned by Madison to aid Cooper.. $1,500 - $3,000

AUTOGRAPHS AND MANUSCRIPTS | Presidential & Political 452 Andrew Jackson Signed Land Grant 1p, 9.5 x 15 in., vellum, intact seal. Washington (DC), 2 December 1830. For Demas Deming of Vigo Co., IN. Docketing on verso.

Andrew Jackson’s signature bold and dark. $500 - $700

453 Andrew Johnson, Pardon Signed as President, September, 1865 2pp, partially printed on heavy paper, approx. 11.5 x 18 in. Pardon for A.M. Clarke, Loudoun County, Virginia “by taking part in the late rebellion against the Government of the United States, has made himself liable to heavy pains and penalties.” Dated 19 Sept. 1865. Signed by President Andrew Johnson (1808-1875, Pres. 1865-1869) and Secretary of State, William Seward.

A.M. Clarke is possibly Archibald Means Clarke, a resident of Loudoun County who enlisted in the 6th Virginia Cavalry in June 1861. He is listed as POW in June 1863 (captured at Beverly Ford), and Feb. 1864 (Leesburg, VA). He took the Oath of Allegiance in June 1865 at Fort Delaware. It is not clear what he did to merit Presidential pardoning. Many privates were given a blanket pardon. $1,200 - $1,600

454 William Brisbane, Diplomatic Commission Signed by U.S. Grant as President, Plus Folio-sized appointment of William Brisbane as U.S. Consul at Ghent, Belgium, dated February 23, 1872, signed by U.S. Grant as President, and Hamilton Fisk as Secretary of State. Also included are folio-sized diplomatic passports for Brisbane and his wife, signed by Fisk; and acceptance of Brisbane’s credentials, signed by King Leopold II of Belgium. Accompanying this lot are many genealogical documents and notes pertaining to the Brisbane family, tracing his lineage back to famous army officers from Scotland.

Dr. William Brisbane (1823-1880) was a physician in Wilkes – Barre, Pennsylvania at the outbreak of the Civil War. He served as captain in the 8th Pennsylvania Infantry (3 months), before being appointed Lt. Colonel of the new 49th Pennsylvania Infantry. Seeing combat in McClellan’s Peninsula campaign, Brisbane was taken seriously ill with malaria. He remained at his post at South Mountain, and commanded the 49th at Antietam. Forced to resign due to his illness on October 15, 1862, he returned to service during the Gettysburg campaign when he commanded a brigade of reserve militia at the battle of Carlisle. His post-war diplomatic career as U.S. Consul at Ghent was cut short due to complications from his wartime illness. Refer to Lot 366 for William Brisbane’s Civil War correspondence regarding the Gettysburg Campaign. $800 - $1,000

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455 Naval Commander John Arthur Bell, Naval Academy Certificate and Presidential Appointments Signed by Cleveland, Roosevelt, & Taft Lot of 4, including: Partially printed United States Naval Academy Certificate, 1p. 18.5 x 24.5 in., on vellum, although present, the embossed seal has separated from document. June 10, 1879.

Certification that Cadet-Midshipman John Arthur Bell has completed his course of study at the US Naval Academy.

Grover Cleveland. Partially printed DS. 1p, 16 x 19.75 in., on vellum, with embossed seal, affixed at bottom. Washington, June 23, 1896.

Appointment of John A. Bell as Lieutenant in the Navy. Signed by Grover Cleveland (1837-1908) as President (1893-1897), and Hilary A. Herbert (1834-1919) as Secretary of the Navy (1893-1897).

Theodore Roosevelt. Partially printed DS. 1p, 15.5 x 19.5 in., on vellum, with embossed seal, affixed at bottom. Washington, June 18, 1902. Appointment of John A. Bell as Lieutenant Commander in the

Navy. Signed by Theodore Roosevelt (1858-1919) as President (19011909), and William H. Moody (1853-1917) as Secretary of the Navy (1902-1904).

William H. Taft. Partially printed DS. 1p, 15.5 x 19 in., on vellum, with embossed seal, affixed at bottom. Washington, April 13, 1911.

Appointment of John A. Bell as Commander in the Navy, on the Retired List. Signed by William H. Taft (1857-1930) as President (19091913), and Beekman Winthrop (1874-1940) as Acting Secretary of the Navy.

The consignor relates that this grouping was found in the home that her father purchased from the estate of Nell Manley, who was the livein housekeeper of Commander John Arthur Bell. Limited information has been obtained regarding John A. Bell, but research indicates that he was appointed to the US Naval Academy from West Virginia in 1874, and after a long career serving with the US Navy, he retired as a Commander in 1905. $1,000 - $1,500

456 William Pepperrell, Colonial Merchant, Politician, & General, ADS, August 31, 1736 ADS, 1p (7.5 x 8.5 in.), Kittery [ME], 31 Sug. 1736. Arrest warrant signed by William Pepperrell as Justice of the Peace. Addressed to the Sheriff or constable of York County, ordering either of them to bring in Jedidiah Preble, yeoman, to answer to a charge made

by Ebenezer Moulton, tailor. Moulton alleges that the previous day, he [original spelling retained] “was Assaultd threatnd & much Abused” by Preble “in His Majstys highway...Preble meeting ye sd Moulton in ye sd highway & Stoping him by taking hold of ye rains of his bridle & threatend him & Strok at him all whc is Contr. to ye peace of our Sovereign Lord ye King... & ye Laws of this Pro[vince].” Moulton also “declarth that he is Affaird ye sd Jedidiah will do him sum bodyly harm.” Signed Wm Pepperrell.

An important merchant, politician, and soldier, William Pepperrell is best known for commanding the successful 1745 expedition against the French fortress at Louisbourg on Ile-Royale (Cape Breton Island) in King George’s War, part of the French and Indian Wars.

He was made Baronet for his services, the first American to receive this honor. He also later was the first American to be appointed Lieutenant-General, but was too ill to take command, and died five months later.

Pepperrell was born in Kittery, then part of the Massachusetts Bay Province. His father worked hard in the shipbuilding trade, and his mother’s father was a successful merchant.

Young Pepperrell expanded the family business to became one of the wealthiest mercantile houses of the day, with ships carrying many products from lumber to foods and trading from the West Indies to Europe. He served in the Governor’s Council from 1727 to his death in 1759, eighteen of those years as Council President.

On verso of this document are the responses of other officials, dated September indicating that Jedidiah had been brought in and pleaded “not guilty” to the charges, whereupon he posted bond until his next court session in Falmouth in October “& not Depart without Lisence & yt he be of good behaveour in ye mene time. $300 - $500

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AUTOGRAPHS AND MANUSCRIPTS | Presidential & Political 457 Charles C. Pinckney, Signer of the US Constitution, ALS, February, 1817 1p ALS, 7.75 x 9.5 in. Pinckney Island, 11 Feb. 1817. Charles Coatsworth Pinckney to Messrs. Williamson and De Villers, Savannah. Order for lumber, shingling nails and cypress shingles for construction of his home on the island. A note along the side indicates: “I have several hired carpenters who will be idle.”

Charles Coatsworth Pinckney was born to a well-off planting family in South Carolina in 1746. His brother, Thomas, was Governor of the state among other political offices, as were other close family members.

In 1753 the Pinckneys went to London where his father, Charles, was an agent protecting South Carolina’s interests. The boys studied in English schools, and after the family returned to the colony, Charles C. remained in Europe studying at Oxford and in France.

After he returned to North America, he married Sarah Middleton, whose father, Henry, was the second President of the Continental Congress, and whose brother was a signer of the Declaration of Independence. Sarah died in 1784, and Pinckney remarried a couple years later.

He practiced law in Charleston, and served in the colonial legislature on his return. When the Revolutionary War broke out, Pinckney volunteered for service in the Continental Army. He saw action first in the defense of Charleston, then moved north to join Washington near Philadelphia. It was about this time he met other future founders, such as Hamilton and James McHenry.

After the war Pinckney returned to politics, and represented South Carolina in the Constitutional Convention. He advocated a strong national government with checks and balances, and thought the Senate should be composed of men of wealth who need not receive pay for their service, much like the House of Lords in London. After the Constitution was adopted by the convention, Pinckney worked to secure ratification in South Carolina. He participated in framing the State constitution, then retired from politics.

Cassius Marcellus Clay (1810-1903) was a member of the prestigious Clay family of central Kentucky. Even though the Clay family were prosperous landowners, planters, and slaveholders, during his time at Yale he heard William Lloyd Garrison speak and became an abolitionist. Clay served in the Kentucky House of Representatives, but lost support as his abolitionist views became more zealous.

There were assassination attempts even before he established his anti-slavery newspaper, True American, in Lexington, KY, after which the death threats intensified. (He established a printing office in Cincinnati, OH, just across the river, which had become a center of abolition activity in the Midwest, after his printing office was broken into by a mob of pro-slavery advocates.)

Clay became an associate of Abraham Lincoln and founder of the Republican Party in Kentucky. He also was the organizer of an impromptu militia band in Washington whose primary purpose was to protect the President and the city in early April and May 1861, after war was declared until sufficient numbers of Union troops arrived to protect the capital. While Clay’s bid to Lincoln for the position of Secretary of War was rejected, Lincoln eventually appointed him Minister to Russia, and he is credited with keeping Russia allied to the Union.

As the war dragged on, despite reservations, Lincoln appointed Clay Maj. General, hoping the war would be over before he returned home.

When it wasn’t, and Clay did not receive a high-level command in which he was in control, he wanted to return to Russia. He did remain there until 1869.

In 1872 Clay broke with the Republican Party. He apparently suffered mental illness as he aged. He also lost most of his political agenda when slavery ended, being pretty much a single-issue politician.

However, Washington offered him a cabinet post, which he declined, but he accepted the ambassadorship to France. In 1800 he became the candidate for Vice President with John Adams running for a second presidential term, and the party nominated him as its presidential candidate in 1804 and 1808. Jefferson was the victor in the first two elections, of course, and Madison in the third. He did serve as president-general of the Society of the Cincinnati.

As a footnote, Pinckney Island is now a National Wildlife Refuge. After its plantation days, it was maintained as a private wildlife refuge before being transferred to the national system. $700 - $900

458 Cassius Marcellus Clay, ALS Announcing Himself as Vice Presidential Nominee, 1876 ANS, 1p (4.5 x 7.5, professionally mounted on larger sheet 5.5 x 8.75 in.), “Whitehall” (Richmond), KY, Dec. 11, 1875. In a note to Charles J. Faulkner (MC WV), Clay states: My state will present my name to the Nationl. Democ. Convn. in 1876 as the nominee for vice-president. I ask your favorable consideration. Stamped at top with “C.M. Clay / Whitehall P.O. KY,” with date in center of oval. $400 - $600

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AUTOGRAPHS AND MANUSCRIPTS | Presidential & Political 459 Cassius Marcellus Clay, Signed Invitation as Lincoln’s Ambassador to Russia, Ca 1861-1862 ANS, 4 x 5 in., n.d., n.p. Manuscript invitation written and signed by Cassius Marcellus Clay (1810-1903) to a dignitary. The brief note is simply: Dear Sawyer(?), you are invited to be presented to their Imperial Highnesses Grand Duke Constantin & Duchess tomorrow night Sunday 13, meet at 8 P.M. / in uniform / Genl. Roberts and Curtin are invited at the same hour. Clay served as ambassador to Russia 1861-1869, first appointed by Lincoln.

This is most likely from the visit of Admiral David Farragut to Russia as part of his tour of Europe taken just after the Civil War. As Montgomery relates: The next morning [August 14, 1867], with his usual escort,... the Admiral proceeded to St. Petersburg, where he was met by General Cassius M. Clay, U.S. Minister, and by him conducted to the residence of the Prime Minister, Prince Gortschakoff;.... Thence he visited, with General Clay, the most prominent objects of attraction in the city,...

On the morning following, accompanied by the commanding officers of all the vessels of his squadron,... the Admiral proceeded to St. Petersburg in a Russian gunboat, with the American ensign flying at the main, and upon arriving in the capital continued on,...to Pavlosk, one of the imperial summer palaces. Here he and his officers were presented to the Grand Duke Constantine, brother of the Emperor, who was at that time travelling with his family in Southern Russia, for the benefit of his health, but who, upon being advised of the arrival of the Admiral within his kingdom, at once issued an imperial order, directing that every attention should be bestowed upon their distinguished guest. [1869: 60-61] $300 - $500

460 Cassius Marcellus Clay, Signed CDV, ALS Regarding the Publishing of his Biography, Plus Lot of 4, including: Scarce Cassius Marcellus Clay CDV autographed on mount below portrait, framed together with ALS double signed by Clay, 8 x 9.75 in., in which he is writing his publishers regarding the publication of his biography, stating in part that Volume 2 is complete in case of my death. This letter indicates that Volume 2 of Clay’s biography existed, which is interesting, as Volume 2 was never found. He discusses the engravings for the first volume, which have been done in the best style...Clay also references Horace Greeley, who was editing his work from 1848. Written on stationery blindstamped C.M. Clay / White Hall / Mad Co. KY. Professionally framed, 14.5 x 17.5 in. overall.

The lot is accompanied by the following books: Cassius Clay. The Life & Writings of Cassius Marcellus Clay. Cincinnati, OH: J. Fletcher Brennan & Co., 1886. 8vo, brown covers with gilt spine, 600pp.

1st Edition (Volume 2 was never published); Horace Greeley. The Writings of Cassius Marcellus Clay. New York: Harper & Brothers, 1848. 8vo, brown covers with gilt spine, 535pp. 1st Edition. $1,500 - $2,000

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AUTOGRAPHS AND MANUSCRIPTS | Presidential & Political 461 Cassius Marcellus Clay, Signed Cabinet Photograph Cabinet photograph of Cassius Marcellus Clay later in life, signed on verso, Truly/ Cassius M. Clay. With Louis Schlegel, Richmond, KY imprint, gilt edges. $500 - $700

signature verso

AUTOGRAPHS AND MANUSCRIPTS | Colonial & Revolution 462 18th Century Commonplace Book of Charles Waterhouse Including Astronomical Sketches 6.75 x 8.5 in., 21 leaves (42pp), no covers at present. On the first pages, Master Charles Waterhouse makes his ownership of the copybook clear, such as on page 2: Charles Waterhouse, his Book nor is it any body’s business what he writes upon it. He also dates it 1783 a number of times, even writing it out as one thousand seven hundred and eighty three a few times so there is not doubt.

The first third of the book seems to be Latin lessons, with general rules (such as masculine and feminine endings), declensions, exceptions, verb conjugations, etc. There are small “life lessons” also, Remember man and bear in mind a trusty Friend is hard to find. Throughout there are pages and words within other pages that appear to be exercises in calligraphy. A word in the middle of a page may be beautifully written.

One page seems to be compass exercises, and 1784 appears on the next page, although subsequent pages are still dated 1783. There is poetry in Latin and English (with many doodles along the edges). In the center is A Table Shewing the Time of the Moons Coming to South any Day of her age. Most ink is black, but occasionally there are items in a sepia iron gall ink (many of which have faded). Around the chart of moon phases are several geometric drawings - circles with arcs and chords, a triangle with angles and sides labeled.

After this are several pages dedicated to calculation of location and time, with a wonderful drawing of a man using a quadrant followed by how To find the Hour of the Night by the Shadow of the Moon upon a sun Dial.

There is A New Mathematical Projection Shewing plainly by inspection exact Rules for the true forming every letter in the alphabet with their proportion and dependance on each other. The dark ink on this chart has “burned” through the page (and 1784 appears again at the bottom). the following page has The Description in Use of the Cross Staff, &c. (for determination of latitude). The page includes Master Waterhouse’s rendering of a man using the instrument from John Sellers’ Practical Navigation.

The next three pages seem to be dedicated to drawing, with several “man in the moon” images, faces and parts thereof, a hand, etc. There is a wonderful drawing of a sea turtle with human heads above showing the relation of eyes, ears, nose, etc.

There is one page of geography, with proportions of the earth’s surface taken up by the major continents, and the distance of earth to the 5 known planets at the time. And this, of course, provided

the opportunity for Bible lessons (“The Heavens declare the Glory of God...”). One page is devoted to a sketch of a bat, and the following page has a compass rose and the location of Polaris in relation to the “dippers.”

The first and last pages have poetry written within geometric figures.

On the first page, it is within the “petals” of a rosette and an elliptical figure, and on the back page, a spiral. A small note on the first page suggests by milton in his Book of paradise Lost.

A wonderful view of 18th century education, state of knowledge, etc. $600 - $800

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AUTOGRAPHS AND MANUSCRIPTS | Colonial & Revolution

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463 Georgia $30 Colonial “Pig Note” 3.25 x 6 in. large size Colonial currency of the State of Georgia, issue of 4 May 1778. Signed by Thomas Netherclift, Charles Kent, William O’Bryen and Nehemia Wade. Wild boar charging a spear image lower right recto in blue ink; “State of Georgia” and “Thirty Dollars” on recto and state motto on verso in red ink (an early anti-forgery strategy, to vary ink colors and thus make printing more difficult). According to the statement on the bill, these were to be funded “out of the Monies arising from the Sales of forfeited (Tory) Estates.”

Thomas Netherclift (1750-1827) was a rice planter in the Savannah area.

Early Georgia records, for example, indicate the town agreed to build a private road to his plantation, a move challenged by James Muter, since it went through the latter’s land.

Charles Kent was a member of the Georgia Executive council, thus clearly a prominent member of the state, although not much more is known about his life.

William O’Bryen (O’Brien, O’Bryan) was a treasurer of the State of Georgia (1778), and elected to the Continental Congress in 1789, although apparently he did not attend.

Nehemiah Wade, along with William O’Bryen, was appointed commissioner of the loan office (treasurer) in 1778. Because Georgia fell to the British that year, they were not reappointed the following year.

In the list of traitors compiled by the British before they recaptured Savannah in 1778, the first two names on the list were “Obryan” and “Wade.” (“...the following persons under written were all of them very active in Rebellion against His Majesty in this Province.... They the said several Persons above named and each and every one of them is and are hereby Attainted of High Treason...” ) Charles Kent was added to a second, more extensive, list. These men were literally “signing their life away” when they issued this currency. $800 - $1,200

464 Revolutionary War General John Cadwalader, Bound Manuscript Journal Kept by Executors of his Estate, Including References to Slaves 53pp and 61pp in two sections (some page in each section blank).

Though born into one of the wealthiest Quaker families in Trenton, NJ, the career of John Cadwalader (1742-1786) seems hardly Quakerly at all. Highly successful as a merchant in the 1760s, Cadwalader became an early and ardent convert to the revolutionary cause and by 1776 he was counted as a staunch member of the Philadelphia Committee of Safety and a Captain in the famed “Silk Stocking” City Troop, earning a commission as Colonel in the Pennsylvania militia. Commanding Pennsylvania troops during the winter campaign of 1776-1777, Cadwalader was not notoriously effective: he was thwarted in his attempt to provide effective support for Washington’s attack on Trenton (the Delaware River crossing) and he saw much of his untested command fall out in disarray and ignominious retreat at Princeton. After raising militia on the Eastern Shore of Maryland, Cadwalader took part in the battles at Brandywine, Germantown, and Monmouth. Twice declining commissions as Brigadier General, Cadwalader carried one distinction from his military career for the rest of his life: in a notorious duel with Gen. Thomas Conway in 1778, he grievously wounded the man implicated in a serious “cabal” to oust George Washington from his command of the Continental Army. Cadwalader retired to his lavish estate, Shrewsbury Farm, in Kent County, MD, where he was noted as a breeder of high quality horses. He died on Feb. 10, 1786, but his family legacy is still felt in the decorative arts community: several examples of the highstyle Chippendale furniture he commissioned from the greatest cabinetmakers of the mid-Atlantic region have become keys to the collections of museums from the Metropolitan Museum of Art, the Philadelphia Museum of Art, and Wintherthur.

This impressive ledger documenting the administration of John Cadwalader’s estate is maintained in two dos a dos sections, one entitled Book of memorandums, inventories, and miscellaneous transactions of the Exter [Executor] to the estate of John Cadwalader, Esqr (begun March 1786), and the second untitled section consisting of memoranda and receipts by the estate begun Nov. 1790. Both deal

largely with the administration of Shrewsbury Farm, with references to other Cadwalader holdings. Admittedly, administrative records are not known as stirring bedtime reading, but Cadwalader’s is a stunning exception, sketching out the material lives of Pennsylvania’s elite during the early Republic and contributing important information to the history of decorative arts, horse culture, and to the persistence of legal slavery in the northern states. Although Quakers were leaders in the early abolitionist movement and had publicly condemned slavery as early as 1688, ending slavery within the Society of Friends itself was a painfully slow process spread over the better part of a century. Many elite Quakers – the Cadwaladers among them – left the Society, or were expelled, rather than divest themselves of their human property.

Administering an estate as substantial as Cadwalder’s meant documenting the details of tending his horses and grounds – the first section of the records deals substantially with the disposition of Cadwalader’s prized horses and the grounds on which they were kept – but it includes, as well, an inventory of the legacies left to Cadwalader’s wife Williamina, beginning with an impressive list of silver plate (salt sellers, candlesticks, flagons, spoons, teapots) and ending with a list of three enslaved men, two women, and a young girl, followed by a list of three horses, a coach, and phaeton – all property being treated equally. A few entries include specific memoranda on care for the farm, repairing the milk house, buying a bucket and rope for the well, repairing cellar doors and brick frames for window, and more, and the phrase Negroes and stock on

COWAN’S AMERICAN HISTORY

AUTOGRAPHS AND MANUSCRIPTS | Colonial & Revolution Shrewsbury Farm is used on more than one occasion.

But the true scale of slavery in the Cadwalader family is revealed in a formidable 7pp estate inventory, three of which are an accounting of enslaved persons and their ages, including 20 men aged 19-64, 26 women, 19 boys, and 14 girls. An inventory of schedule of negroes, stock, farming utensils of every kind, grain on the ground, pork & beef in the smoak house, hay, clover, ditto... A handful of the men in this inventory are assigned specialties: Jason is listed as a gardener, Sam Ambrose (mentioned occasionally elsewhere in the ledger) was a carpenter, Jack Chandler a tailor, Joe Pepper a shoemaker. A few of the women are listed as being the wife of an enslaved man and most of the children are listed with reference to their parents, giving a rare opportunity to reconstruct the enslaved community and their family relations. Horses, as it turns out, are listed not only with name and age, but by their value, while other animals are not named. To understand what became of the enslaved people of Shrewsbury Farm, one need only look at the reverse section of the ledger in which the estate executors noted that they had been let out, as a record from Nov. 1786 suggests, for their clothes & Taxes for 1 year. In fact, a two page List of Negroes hired & put out, specifying the terms, & times agreed on & to whom, shows that they were rented to other landowners for periods of either one or seven years for widely varying sums of money, and the eleven complete rental agreements included will enable historians to reconstruct the fate of the enslaved community. In a typical agreement, Moses Briscoe agreed to lease a man and boy, a woman and her son, for seven years, promising to cloath & feed the sd Negroes above mentioned, in the same manner in which they have been cloathed & fed, giving to them yearly, & even year during the above term, good strong & substantial winter together with the usual, & accustomed Summer cloathing. Briscoe further agreed to cover the taxes incurred, to pay the Cadwaladers 12 pounds per year, and to return the slaves at the end of the period of agreement. At the bottom of this agreement is a note recording the death of Nan Harris, one of the women leased out, in October 1792. Appended to these lease agreements are three

pages of adjustments, made for reasons ranging from crediting the lessee for the fish they supplied to the enslaved to relief granted to lessee Briscoe when his crop was devastated by the Hessian Fly to the more complicated situations: In consequence of Jim Lingo’s running off from the farm, I have taken Tom Ambrose from those People let to Alexander Briscoe during the lease for the use of his own Farm, & placed him with William Turner, to supply sd Lingo’s place – & shall make a deduction from the yearly wages paid by the estate of sd. Briscoe..., 1794.

In addition to the information on slavery, the reverse section of the ledger includes valuable accounting of the household goods at Shrewsbury Farm. A highlight is the detailed division of the plate in Maryland as returned in the Inventory of the Appraisers, which apportioned the large sets of Cadwalader silver into three parts for distribution to the heirs. These lists offer wonderful detail, ranging from an old fashioned roundish waiter to a large Chased deep Dish with Gadroon edge and silver cross chased with a lamp. A note indicates that nearly all of the silver was brought to Philadelphia for distribution.

Perhaps more importantly, given the great significance of the Cadwalader furniture in the history of decorative arts, is a room-byroom inventory of the furniture at Shrewsbury Farm: in the parlor, the Cadwaladers had two settees with red cross Barr’d Check, Matrasses & pillows, eleven Windsor chairs, a walnut frame with a Marble Slab top, a walnut Table for Ladies Game or Amusement, a Japan Sugar cannister, and an old carpet & painted Canvas Floor Cloth. The chamber included five black Walnut leather-bottom chairs and two rush bottom seats, a Chest of Drawers (black Walnut), a painted Bedstead with Sackingbottom, with Check curtains, a small Mahogany tea chest, and much more, room by room. Such tremendous detail will be a boon for decorative arts historians.

A spectacular find, the Cadwalader ledger offers historical depth to the life and death of a noteworthy figure in the Revolutionary movement and the contributions of the enslaved to building the new nation for which he fought. $1,000 - $2,000

AUTOGRAPHS AND MANUSCRIPTS | General Americana 465 Abolitionist and Baltimore Resident, Francis T. King, Manuscript Archive Approx. 42 items.

Francis Thompson King (1819-1891) was a famous Quaker businessman, banker, and abolitionist of Baltimore, MD. His father, Joseph, was an English shipping merchant who settled in Baltimore in 1818. Francis retired from business in 1856 to devote himself to educational and philanthropic causes. A close personal friend of Johns Hopkins, King served on the original board of trustees for both Johns Hopkins University and Hospital, as well as on the boards of Haverford and Bryn Mawr colleges. He was also instrumental in providing aid to Quaker families in the former Confederacy, helping establish the Model Farm in High Point, NC, in 1866.

This archive consists of letters from King’s relations in Birmingham, England, discussing family matters and the settlement of an estate that may have been King’s father’s English property. One letter in written on the back of an 1867 flyer announcing King’s visit to the Friends in Birmingham, and his talk on helping the freedmen and Quakers in North Carolina $600 - $800

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AUTOGRAPHS AND MANUSCRIPTS | Royalty

466 Henry III, DS, 1581 DS, 8.5 x 12.75 in. (sight), 17.25 x 24 in. overall. January 4, 1581. In cramped French script.

Henry III of France (1551-1589) was the fourth son of Henry II and Catherine de Medici. As a later-born son, he was the perfect candidate for the vacant throne of Poland and Lithuania. He only ruled these for two years before inheriting the throne of France, as his two older brothers each died young without leaving a male heir. Henry also failed to produce an heir, so the unrest that had been fomenting over nominally religious issues (there are always class and political issues underlying “religious” disagreements) became openly a succession crisis. Thus Henry III was the last Valois King of France, and his successor, Henry IV, was the first Bourbon king. $400 - $600

468 Charles II, DS 1p, 7.25 x 11.5, Whitehall (London), June 27, 1679. Boldly signed Charles R[ex] at top with seal. Order to outfit Sir Henry Goodrick (Knt. and Barott.) (also spelled Goodricke) as Envoy Extraordinary to the King of Spain and his servants with whatever they need to travel to Spain and to represent the King. These are to will and require you to permitt and suffer him the said Sir Henry Goodrick with Three Servants, his, and their Wearing Apparell and other Necessaries freely to Embarque in any of Our Ports, and from thence to passe into France without any let, hindrance or molestation whatsovever. Charles Hamilton’s COA and wax seal on back of frame.

After Charles I and his supporters lost the Second English Civil War and Charles was executed for High Treason, Oliver Cromwell established a commonwealth in England. After Cromwell’s death (and for numerous sociopolitical reasons), Charles’ son, Charles II was declared the lawful monarch to date from his father’s death and invited to return from exile on the continent. He entered London on his 30th birthday, May 29, 1660. This document acknowledges this time of exile, by declaring this the one and thirtieth yeare of Our Reigne, which would date of the beginning in 1649.

During his years of exile Charles relied on support of his relatives in France, and his brothers, who had taken refuge in the Hague in the Netherlands. At the time, part of the Low Countries was controlled by Spain (Spanish Netherlands), a valuable ally for the monarch.

Charles II had no legitimate children, but did acknowledge at least a dozen illegitimate ones (although they could not rule, they did influence English history). When he died in 1685 he was succeeded by his brother, James II & VII. 232

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467 Catherine de’ Medici, Document Signed, 1584 Catherine de’ Medici (1519-1589). Italian noblewoman and Queen of France (1547-1559). DS, 1p, 7 x 9 in. (sight), dated August 10, 1584, addressed to a cardinal regarding an absent abbot. Framed to 16.75 x 22 in. $300 - $500

Sir Henry Goodrick(e) (1642-1705) was the first son of Sir John Goodricke, made baronet by Charles I (for which he suffered in the Civil Wars). Sir Henry was appointed on Nov. 28, 1678 as envoy to Madrid. In 1682 he made an offer on behalf of Charles II to mediate between France and Spain, which angered the Spanish court who expelled Goodricke. $300 - $500

AUTOGRAPHS AND MANUSCRIPTS | Royalty 469 Order to Attend Coronation of James II and VII, 1685 7.25 x 11.25 in., plus tab. Signed at top JamesR in bold letters.

Whitehall, dated 23thMarch 1684/5. Addressed to Viscount Townesend (“Cousin”), this is an order (not an invitation) for he and his wife to attend the coronation of James and his wife as James II of England and Ireland (he was also James VII of Scotland).

Right Trusty and Welbeloved Cousin Wee greet you well. Whereas Wee have appointed the 23th day of April next for the Solemnity of Our Royal Coronation, These are therefore and to will and Command you, all excuses set apart, that you make your personal attendance on Us at the time abovementioned, furnished and appointed as to your Rank and Quality appertemeth, there to do and performe such services as shall bee required and belong unto you. And whereas Wee have also resolved, that the Coronation of Our Royall Consort the Queen shall be solemnized on the same day, Wee do further hereby require the viscountess, your wife to make her personal attendance on Our said Royall Consort at the time and in the manner aforesaid, Whereof you and she are not to fail. And so Wee bid you heartily farewell. Given at Court at Whitehall the 23th day of March 1684/5 in the first year of our Reigne.

James (1633-1701) was the second son of Charles I. James grew up during an era of distrust between Catholic and Protestant, and between Parliament and the monarchy. During the English Civil War, James escaped imprisonment and fled to Europe. When his father was executed in 1649, his older brother was declared king by the monarchists. Although Charles II was recognized by Scotland and Ireland, he never secured the crown of England, and fled to France where James joined him. James served in the French army in the Franco-Spanish War. Charles entered into an alliance with Spain, resulting in both he and James being expelled from France. James fought with Charles over his snub of their French hosts, and later joined the Spanish army (in part because he was destitute), fighting against his former brothers-in-arms. The primary significance of these events is that during his time in Spain, James lost contact with his Anglican advisers, became friends with several Catholics, and converted to Catholicism.

Charles was eventually restored to the throne. Eventually, James’ conversion to Catholicism became known. After James’ first wife, Anne (who had converted with him), died, James married Mary of Modena, a Catholic Italian royal. As one condition of the marriage, Charles mandated that James’ daughters by Anne, Mary and Anne, be raised Protestant. Charles later arranged for Mary to marry her cousin, William of Orange, also a Protestant, against the wishes of James.

When Charles died in in 1685 leaving no legitimate children, James succeeded him on the throne, having (temporarily) regained some sympathy after a plot to assassinate the monarchs - Protestant as well

as Catholic - and reestablish a Cromwellian-style government was uncovered.

Crowned in 1685, as soon as could be arranged after Charles’ death, James and Mary would not hold the throne for long. Relatives and others in power would have been ordered to attend the coronation as a show of support (and to swear allegiance to the new king).

Rebellions constantly erupted or threatened, plots against the king were numerous. In part in response to these, James attempted to consolidate power and reestablish an absolute monarchy. The birth of a Catholic son and heir finally pushed a group of Protestant nobles to invite William of Orange to invade and give England a Protestant ruler (through James’ eldest daughter, Mary). This “Glorious Revolution” eventually caused James to flee to France in 1688. He attempted to return a year later, with French assistance, landing in Ireland, but was ultimately defeated and returned to France to live out his days (though not without some intrigue yet).

Framed and glazed with a print of James, 21 x 25 in. With COA and wax seal of Charles Hamilton on verso. $1,000 - $1,500

470 Henry IV of France, DS, 1589 Henry IV of France, aka Henry of Navarre (1553-1610). King of Navarre (1572-1610) and King of France (1589-1610). DS, 1p, 8.25 x 11.5 in. (sight), dated 1589,addressed to a Mr. de Rambouillet, regarding an incident when people attempted to join forces against the king. Henri III was assassinated in August 1589 and, being childless, his cousin Henri de Navarre was made King Henry IV of France. Framed to 14.75 x 26 in. $500 - $700

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AUTOGRAPHS AND MANUSCRIPTS | Royalty

471 Frederick the Great, DS, 1770 Frederick II, “Frederick the Great” (1712-1786). King of Prussia (17401786). DS, 1p, 7.25 x 9 in. (sight), dated at Potsdam, July 1770 (or 1776), addressed to his cousin, Prince Charles of Saxe, rough translation revels the message to be in response to a request regarding the Polish Republic, which Frederick vows to satisfy and recognize the legitimacy of, but says that the future will be tumultuous, but hopefully not detrimental to Charles personally. Framed, 13.5 x 15 in. $400 - $600

472 Madam du Barry, Document Signed, 1780 Jeanne Bécu, Comtesse du Barry (1743-1793). Maitresse-en-titre (Chief Mistress) to Louis XV. 2.5 x 6 in., framed, 13.75 x 14.25 in. with small (approx. 1.5 x 2 in.) oval portrait of the Countess. Dated August (Aout) 10, 1780. The note seems to regard a transaction and a request that the receipt should be sent to her.

Jeanne Bécu was the illegitimate daughter of a beautiful seamstress, whose own grace and beauty attracted the attention of many “movers and shakers” of the day. In order to make her his official mistress, she needed to have a title. This was created for her by Jean-Baptiste du Barry, who arranged a marriage and forged a birth certificate, making Jeanne younger and of noble descent. She was then installed in the apartments of the royal mistress in Versailles.

Upon Louis XV’s death, Marie Antoinette had her exiled to Abbey du Pont-aux-Dames. Eventually she was able to purchase land and live a more “normal” life (at least for a courtesan of the day), until the French Revolution came along. She was accused of assisting those fleeing the Revolution, and eventually arrested and tried for treason. She was beheaded in December 1793. $300 - $500

AUTOGRAPHS AND MANUSCRIPTS | European Politicians & Military Commanders

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473 Oliver Cromwell, DS as Lord Protector, 1655 Oliver Cromwell (1599-1658). English military and political leader; 1st Lord Protector of the Commonwealth of England, Scotland, and Ireland (1653-1658). Vellum, 8.25 x 10 in., dated at Whitehall, London, May 28, 1655, appointing William Clare a Cornett of Troops of Horse.

Signed at upper left Oliver LP (the “LP” interlocking). Framed, 17.25 x 25 in. (The rank of Cornet - today spelled with one “t” - is the lowest commissioned rank in a cavalry troop, roughly equivalent to an American Second Lieutenant.)

Oliver Cromwell (1599-1658) was born into what we might consider an upper middle class family. He served in Parliament for Huntingdon and later, Cambridge. He became a military leader during the Civil War, and was a signer of Charles I’s death warrant. He led the Commonwealth, first as a member of the Rump Parliament, then as the Lord Protector when the Parliament was dismissed.

He was intensely religious, and professed religious tolerance, but only towards the many Protestant sects of the day (his own beliefs falling into an “independent Puritan” camp). His treatment of Catholics, especially in Ireland and Scotland, bordered on genocide. A highly controversial figure, Cromwell was still voted among the top 10 greatest Britons in the 2002 BBC poll. $3,000 - $4,000

AUTOGRAPHS AND MANUSCRIPTS | European Politicians & Military Commanders 474 Napoleon Bonaparte, LS, 1813, Regarding Troop Movements Napoleon Bonaparte (1769-1821). French military and political leader; Emperor of the French (1804-1814, 1815). LS, 1p, 7.25 x 8.75 in. (sight), dated at Paris, Nov. 10, 1813, to the Duke of Feltre (Henri-JacquesGuillaume Clarke, 1765-1818), explaining that the Piedmont will furnish 5,000 additional men, of which Napoleon intends to send half to Orleans to join the 113th Regiment, which will give his forces three new available battalions. Framed, 14 x 18.75 in. $800 - $1,000

475 Duke of Wellington, ALS Field Marshal Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of Wellington (1769-1852). British military commander best known for his victory over Napoleon at Waterloo, also served as Prime Minister (1828-1830). ALS, 1.5pp, 4.5 x 7 in. (sight), dated at London, March 26, 1827(?), acknowledging receipt of a gift (Bible and Prayer book) which he must return if not allowed to pay for it. Framed, 18.75 x 23.25 in.

Arthur Wellesley was born in Dublin, Ireland, the fourth son (third surviving) of the 1st Earl of Mornington and the eldest daughter of the 1st Viscount Dungannon. Not being the eldest son, he would not have inherited much of the family estates, so, as often happened, he entered military service (the other primary option being service to the church).

His military career was exemplary, being engaged in over 60 battles. Along with Prussian commander Blucher, his greatest battle was the defeat of Napoleon at Waterloo. Wesley’s techniques are still studied by military tacticians today.

Wellesley was also involved in politics, serving in the Irish House of Commons before the turn of the century. After Napoleon’s defeat, he was appointed ambassador to France and granted his dukedom. He was prime minister of the UK from Jan. 1828 to Nov. 1830, and again briefly in 1834. He also served in the House of Lords, and remained Commander-in-Chief of the Army until his death in 1852. $400 - $600

476 Charles Chinese Gordon, ALS, 1860 ALS, 4pp, 8vo, dated at Tientsin, 60 miles from Pekin, Dec. 25, 1860, addressed to My dear Hab. Framed, 11.75 x 18.25 in. Gordon describes the military force at Tientsin, remarking that he has his hands full protecting them from the cold, and sends messages to Osman Pasha, the Turkish general, and Hussein, for whom he has a liking and admires for their work on the Turko-Russian frontier. Gordon had taken part in the capture of Peking the previous October and had suppressed the Taiping Rebellion.

Charles George Gordon (1833-1885) was commissioned in the Royal Engineers in 1852, and spent several years constructing fortifications. He then served in the Crimean War, the Second Opium War and Taiping Rebellion in China, which actions earned him the nickname “Chinese” Gordon. He then served with the Egyptian army in Khartoum. From 1877-1879 he served as Governor of Sudan. In 1882 he retired to Jerusalem, but by the next year was asked to come out of retirement to lead civilians out of Khartoum, as they were being threatened by the revolt led by self-proclaimed Mahdi, Mohammed Ahmed. Gordon only got a couple thousand civilians out before the Mahdists closed in. Initially Britain sent relief to Gordon and the embattled Sudanese, but in March 1884, the British withdrew, abandoning the Sudan. Gordon refused to leave, and public opinion in Britain increasingly supported him. It wasn’t until August that Britain decided to send relief under General Wolseley, and three months more until the expedition could set out.

Gordon was killed on the palace steps 26 Jan. 1885; Wolseley arrived on the 28th two days late. His death triggered a flood of public grief in Britain. $600 - $800 SEE DETAILED DESCRIPTIONS, ADDITIONAL PHOTOGRAPHS AND CONDITION REPORTS OF ALL LOTS AT COWANS.COM

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AUTOGRAPHS AND MANUSCRIPTS | European Politicians & Military Commanders 477 Edmund Allenby, Two ALsS, 1928 & 1931 Field Marshal Edmund Allenby, 1st Viscount Allenby (1861-1936).

Commanded British forces in the Second Boer War and World War I, most notably leading the British Empire’s Egyptian Expeditionary Forces to victory in Palestine and the Middle East. Two ALsS: first is 1.5pp, on 24 Wetherby Gardens stationery, dated Dec. 4, 1928, to Maj. Gen. Fred. T. Austin, US Army Chief of Field Artillery, complimenting Austin’s lieutenant, E.L. Sibert on an article in Field Artillery Journal with which Allenby is in “complete agreement,” signed Allenby / F.M.; second is 1p, on the same stationery, dated Jan. 16, 1931, thanking Austin for a letter with enclosed newspaper article, signed Allenby / F.M. Both letters framed together with a photograph of Allenby, 12.375 x 24 in. overall, and accompanied by a TLS from Maj. Gen. Austin on War Department letterhead, Feb. 8, 1929, addressed to Lt. Sibert, forwarding to him the earlier ALS on account of Allenby’s compliment of his article. $500 - $700

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AUTOGRAPHS AND MANUSCRIPTS | World War II

478 Erwin Rommel, ALS, Annotated by Field Marshal Montgomery ALS, 1p, 7.25 x 9 in., ca 1933, boldly signed Rommel. Annotated below signature by Montgomery, dated September 1969. Rommel was a great general / Montgomery of Alamein, F.M. [Field Marshal]. Framed, 12.5 x 19 in. with portraits of both Rommel and Montgomery.

Erwin Rommel (1891-1944). “The Desert Fox”; German Field Marshal in North Africa and France during World War II. Bernard Montgomery, 1st Viscount Montgomery of Alamein (18871976). British Field Marshal, “Monty” or the “Spartan General,” one of the leading Allied military commanders of World War II. Montgomery also saw service in WWI. Montgomery’s victory at El Alamein was a turning point, not only in North Africa, but in the war as a whole. $1,500 - $2,000

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479 Winston Churchill, TLS, 1960 Winston Churchill (1874-1965). Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (1940-1945, 1951-1955). TLS, 1p, on letterhead bearing Churchill’s Hyde Park Gate address, 7.25 x 9.25 in., dated December 1960, marked Private, to Mr. Oliver Treyz, thanking him for sending a copy of a film based on Churchill’s War Memoirs and complimenting his work.

Framed, 11.375 x 13.25 in. $800 - $1,000

AUTOGRAPHS AND MANUSCRIPTS | World War II 480 Winston Churchill Photograph by Philippe Halsman Silver gelatin photograph, 8 x 10 in., of Winston Churchill by the photographer Philippe Halsman (Russian [Latvian] -American, 1906-1979), featured on the November 2, 1953, cover of LIFE magazine. The consignor explains that the print was found among the remains of a long-since-closed and neglected studio in a small town in the Midwest. Due to the slight over exposure of the print and the presence of a few scattered dust particles and other imperfections in the processing of the image, the consignor believes that the photographer attended one of Halsman’s workshops and was given the imperfect “throwaway print” as a gift.

The print is not signed, which is typical of test printing. $1,000 - $3,000

AUTOGRAPHS AND MANUSCRIPTS | Personalities & Business 481 Nathaniel Russell, Famous Charlestonian, Shipping Document, March, 1771 DS, 5 x 9.5 in., Charlestown, SC, March 20, 1771. Shipped by the Grace of God, in good order and well-conditioned, by Nathl. Russell in and upon the good sloop called the Charlestown whereof is Master, under God, for this present Voyage, Joseph Durfee and now riding at Anchor in the harbour of Charlestown and by God’s grace bound for Newport Rhode Island. To say, two hogsheads & four Barrels Pimento & Ten logs Mahogany. To be delivered to Messrs. Saml. & Wm. Vernon & James Tanner. Signed by Joseph Durfee, the abovementioned Master. A rare artifact from one of the early nation’s most influential citizens.

Nathaniel Russell was born in Rhode Island, but settled in Charleston as a young man in 1765. He made his living as a merchant, mostly shipping local staples - rice, indigo, tobacco, cotton - but he also handled anything his customers desired, including slaves. He had trading connections from West Africa to the West Indies, England and Europe, and even South America. His home in Charleston, built in the first decade of the 19th century, was purchased by the Historic Charleston Foundation in 1955 and is now open as a museum.

Russell is reported to have spent $80,000 building the dwelling, which is considered one of the most important Neoclassical pieces of architecture in America. $300 - $500

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AUTOGRAPHS AND MANUSCRIPTS | Personalities & Business 482 Richard Warren Sears, Scarce ALS, October 20, 1888 ALS, Richard Warren Sears, 1p, 8 x 10.5 in., Chicago, Oct. 20, 1888. To B.F. Coleman in Tiffin, Ohio, on R.W. Sears Watch Co. letterhead. Signed R.W. Sears, Mgr. Includes transmittal envelope. Both the letter and cover have extensive stamping with the names of cities (most likely rail stations).

Sears informs Mr. Coleman that he has ...a few open face stem wing gold filled cases, warranted to wear 20 years, complete with full jeweled cut expansion balance, patent pinion quick train, nickle imported Swiss movements. Our regular price is $14.80 but will make you a disc. of 20% or $11.84 for the watch if you will endeavor to sell it.

Richard Warren Sears (1863-1914) was born in the frontier territory of Minnesota. He learned telegraphy and began working for the railroad, eventually becoming a station agent in Redwood Falls, MN. In 1886 a shipment of watches was refused by Minnesota retailer, Edward Stegerson. A scam of the day was to send a shipment that had not been ordered, then, when the shipment was refused, the sender would offer a “deal” for the receiver, ostensibly to offset the cost of return shipment. When Stegerson, who knew the scam, flatly refused the shipment, Sears decided to try his hand at selling them, since he had easy access to the quickest shipping method of the day.

Within six months he had netted $5000, so he decided to expand.

He began targeting rural and small communities, placing ads in farm publications, and encouraging mail-order purchasing.

Another factor entered into the Sears Watch Co. success. Prior to the middle of the century, each community set their own time, often using the sun (synchronized astronomical time). But as the railroads began reaching more communities, they could not change time dozens of times as they moved through each small town. By the 1860s there were 80 different timetables in use by the railroads, and connections became increasingly difficult. By the late 1860s, the first practical plan for time standardization in the U.S. had been developed. After consulting with the railroads to see if the plan was practical, the one hour time zone was proposed. However, a convention called to deal with the issue failed to act, even though the railroads recommended the plan. In the late 1870s a similar plan was recommended on an international scale, based on a 24-hour clock, but again, it was not widely adopted. The one-hour time zone was not universally adopted until twenty years after its first proposal, 1889.

But most people knew it was coming, and some regions standardized their times.

As the influence of the railroads grew, it became more important to operate on “railroad time.” Even farmers on the Great Plains needed to know what time the trains would run. Hence, the increase in popularity of watches.

Thus, part of Sears’ success was timing. He began working for the railroad in 1880 - just as the issue of time was coming to the fore again. That shipment of watches was rejected by Stegerson in 1886.

Time zones were standardized in 1889.

Sears’ experience with the railroad was also influential in the development of mail-order selling. As railroads reached everywhere, so could any goods one desired. Sears moved his company to Chicago, then becoming a hub of rail and shipping lines. His first employee was a watch repairman, Alvah Curtis Roebuck, who, of course, became his partner. $3,000 - $5,000

483 Financier & Director of Standard Oil, Henry Flagler, Document Signed DS, 3.75 x 7.5 in., docketing from stock certificate. No. 380 / One thousand shares issued to Chas. Foster, Columbus, O. Date May 24th 1882. Received the above described Certificate. Chas. Foster by H.M. Flagler.

Henry Morrison Flagler (1830-1913) was born in New Ork, but left school at 14 to work in his step-brother’s uncle’s store in Republic, Ohio. He opened other businesses around Ohio and Michigan before the Civil War, but that conflict contributed to the collapse of at least one of his interests (salt mining). It was maybe a good thing in several respects. He became more deliberate in researching his investments, and returning to the grain business made his acquaintance with John D. Rockefeller. His association with Ohio was fortuitous, in that Cleveland was the hub of the oil refining industry, and Rockefeller decided to go into that business. With capital from the Harkness-Flagler family, the company that would eventually become Standard Oil was formed (initially Rockefeller, Andrews & Flagler). Later Flagler would nearly single-handedly build Florida (especially Miami) as a resort destination.

Charles Foster (1828-1904) was the Governor of Ohio (1880-1884). On the stock certificate, “Fostoria,” named for him, is written in and crossed out as his address, and “Columbus,” the capital, is added since he was living there as governor in 1882. $600 - $800

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AUTOGRAPHS & MANUSCRIPTS | Personalities & Business 484 Ohio Oil Speculation, 1865, Manuscript Archive, Including Correspondence from Parkersburg, West Virginia & Tioga Co., Pennsylvania 17 letters and telegrams, dated between Jan. 30 and July 19, 1865.

Most are addressed to Daniel Chauncey (Esq.), 31 Wall St., New York.

The first telegram is from a business informing these speculators that they can receive an engine about three weeks after it is ordered. The last letter is from a lawyer for Mrs. Parmentier of Tioga, PA, informing them that she wanted them to explore for oil (or anything else of value) on her land as soon as possible, and that since she has had to wait, “...in consequence of your neglect and refusal to do said work & ascertain certainly whether Petroleum oil or other valuable substances can be procured from said land, Mrs. Parmentier has sustained great damages which you are liable to pay.”

In between these times, however, the company seems to have been fortunate. The early Feb. letters are from Marietta, Ohio.0 In the first Daniel’s brother, Michael, tells him they have arrived in Marietta, the rest of the group has continued and to direct letters to Louisa House in Parkersburg, WV. Most of the letter concerns the trip (“The road is in a most shocking state.”) He mentions that they have started drilling and are waiting for an engine (to pump the well?). The next day, he received a telegram from C.B. Quackenbush (whom his brother continually refers to as Quackingboss!) stating: “Have struck a large show of oil in the Poor House well.”

A week later, Michael becomes ill, and several letters address his condition, inability to travel, etc. A telegram from J.S. King on March 6 informs Daniel “Your Brother is better probably start for home this week.”

A long letter from Marietta summarizes activity for the past week or so. “We arrived at this place to day. In the afternoon we took a team and visited the wells on the Hildreath & Poor House Farms.” He goes on to give details of the Poor House wells, and notes: “I have a bottle full of the very best lubricating oil, taken out of the conductor with a tin cup on the end of a stick. It was in a bason [sic] and the men used it for the purpose of greasing their boots. By looking in the conductor you can see it float in the water. The contractor told us of all the wells he ever bored he never saw such indications in his life; and thinks that we are bound to have a splendid well. He is a fine man and is ready to work for us when the engines arrive, which I thought would have been here by this time.” He goes on to lament that if the engines had arrived, he did not know how they would get to the wells. “Such roads no man at the north could possible conceive, unless seeing them. Mud is no name for them. Two feet deep of soft putty would give you a faint idea of them if you had to drive through it with a wagon.”

April 5, Quackenbush writes that the engines have arrived and he has placed them at each of the wells. “There has been two very fine wells struck lately, one on Big Run yielding 25 barrels per day, the other near Macksburgh yielding 50 barrels per day.” He is also inquiring whether they should keep the same crew to operate the engines.

The next letter is from W.W. Marshall, addressing Mr. Chauncey as “Uncle,” and referring to his father coming out to Ohio from New York. Apparently a family affair! Marshall also indicates that they have gotten the best rates that are available for drilling, and they need additional tools so the men can work on multiple wells simultaneously.

Three telegrams apparently refer to equipment needed or not working (“Boiler worthless”). But Marshall writes again, telling Mr. Chauncey: “The Oil excitement here is at a decided ebb; and if you can judge from present appearances, in 6 months from now the Oil speculation will be entirely abandoned in this State.” He also lists the bills he has paid and what still needs to be paid or will be incurred shortly, since a couple of their wells have collapsed and will need to be lined and cleaned out. His next letter informs Chauncey how deep each well is and what kinds of rocks they are encountering. “Business is very dull, and in my opinion if the Oil excitement does not revive by next Spring, it will put an end to the Oil business in this place.

Fortunately, young Marshall was not correct, although the focus of the petroleum industry shifted a bit farther north than the MariettaAthens area. The major reserves were discovered in northwest Ohio, from Toledo west into Indiana. In the decade spanning the turn of the 20th century, Ohio was the leading producer of crude oil, with its peak in 1896, until finally surpassed by Texas and Oklahoma about 1902. In the early years Pennsylvania and West Virginia surpassed Ohio, so it was natural for the early speculators to look in southeast Ohio, since the region is adjacent to PA and WV. $500 - $700

485 Thomas Edison Signed Photograph Silver gelatin photograph, 8 x 9.75 in., showing a rare profile of an aging Edison (1847-1931). Inscribed To Mrs. F.D. Morrison / Thos. A. Edison. With TAE, Inc. copyright notice lower right. Photo probably ca 1915-1920. $800 - $1,000

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AUTOGRAPHS & MANUSCRIPTS | Artists, Authors & Musicians

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486 Francis Scott Key, ALS, 1837 Francis Scott Key (1779-1843). Writer of The Star-Spangled Banner. ALS, 1.5p, 8 x 10 in., dated at Washington, Feb. 13, 1837, addressed to Dr. Franklin Backe, Philadelphia, regarding a court case, signed FS Key. Framed, 18 x 28 in. $400 - $600

487 John Philip Sousa, Autographed Music Signed, 1901 John Philip Sousa (1854-1932). American composer; “The March King.” Stationery from the Midland Hotel, Bradford (England), 1p, autographed with a musical notation and signed John Philip Sousa / 1901. 3.375 x 5.5 in. (sight), framed, 12.25 in. x 17.25 in. $300 - $500

488 Revolutionary War-Period Artist, Benjamin West, ALS with Provenance Benjamin West (1738-1820). English-American painter, most notably of scenes related to the American Revolution; served as president of the Royal Academy for more than 25 years. ALS, 1p, 8 x 10 in., dated at London, Newman Street, March 4, 1803, addressed to William West of Philadelphia, introducing to him Rev. Mr. Wills, whom Benjamin West has known for many years in London but is moving to New York to be a Teacher of Gospel for an unspecified Religious Society. $500 - $700

489 John James Audubon, Clipped Signature John James Audubon (1785-1851). French-American naturalist and painter. Clipped signature, 1.625 x 5.75 in. (sight), framed, 13 x 17.5 in. $600 - $800

COWAN’S AMERICAN HISTORY

AUTOGRAPHS & MANUSCRIPTS | Artists, Authors & Musicians 490 Jules Verne, ALS, 1886 Jules Verne (1828-1905). French writer, best known in America for his influential early science fiction and adventure novels Journey to the Center of the Earth, Twenty Thousand Leagues Under the Sea, and Around the World in Eighty Days. ALS, 1p, dated July 10, 1886, in French, responding to an unspecified request, 4.75 x 7.5 in. (sight), framed, 12 x 17.5 in. $300 - $500

491 Margaret Mitchell TLS, Plus Family Letters & Photograph TLS,1p (7 x 10.5 in.) on Margaret Mitchell letterhead. Atlanta, GA, Jan. 5, 1942. To Mrs. Mary Newman Walker thanking her for the photographs of Aunt Annie Stephens (mother’s sister) and of her mother, May Belle/ MayBelle (Mary Isabel). Signed with her full name, Margaret Mitchell Marsh.

The second letter is manuscript on a 5.25 x 8 in. piece of notebook paper.

Atlanta, Jan. 17, 1942. Also to Mrs. Walker from Eugene Mitchell, Margaret’s father. He thanks Walker for the photos and tells her that he has given them to Margaret.

MayBelle was a suffragist, President of the Atlanta Suffrage League, and apparently took Margaret to some of the meetings. Sadly, the 19th Amendment was not ratified until August 1920. May Belle succumbed to the influenza pandemic in January 1919 (age 46), and was never able to vote (even though Congress had passed the legislation during her short lifetime).

Like her mother, Margaret also had her life cut short. At the age of 48, she was struck by a drunk speeding driver while crossing Peachtree Street in Atlanta. She died five days later. She had no children, so her brother handled her estate. There are two additional typed letters from Stephens Mitchell on Margaret Mitchell Marsh Estate letterhead, both to the daughter of Mary Walker, the recipient of the first letter. In the letter dated January 5, 1966, Stephens tells Mrs. Sherman that he has never seen the photograph of his mother that is mentioned in these letters from Margaret and Eugene.

A manuscript page accompanies this letter, explaining the relationship between the Newmans and Mitchells.

The second letter on Estate letterhead, dated Feb. 18, 1965 [sic 1966], informs Mrs. Sherman that he and his secretary had looked through the items in the basement, but did not locate the photo of interest. There is a carbon copy of a letter that appears to be Mrs. Sherman’s response to this letter.

The lot is accompanied by a cabinet card of Annie Stephens, presumably the one mentioned in the letters, with Anglin & Randall, Atlanta imprint. $1,000 - $2,000

492 Ernest Hemingway Signed Postcard Ernest Hemingway (1899-1961). American writer; winner of the Nobel Prize for Literature (1954). Signed photo postcard of an Austrian lake scene, dated Aug. 26, 1934, reading in full Visiting in the Austrian Alps / (signed) Hemingway. No address or postage. $600 - $800

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BOOKS 493 [(Rogers)] The Holy Bible, Oxford Lectern Edition The Holy Bible, containing the Old and New Testaments: Translated out of the Original Tongues and with the former Translations diligently compared and revised by His Majesty’s special Command. Appointed to be read in Churches. Oxford University Press, 1935. Two volumes, large folio (13.1 x 18.25 in.), maroon laminated buckram. Number 181 of 200 copies. Designed by Bruce Rogers. On verso of half-title: Humphrey Milford / London New York Toronto / Melbourne. Previous owner’s name engraved on limitation page, with illuminated gilt initials.

This Bible, although printed in England to commemorate Canadian soldiers who died in WWI, was designed by American Bruce Rogers who was working at the Oxford University Press. From Rogers’ booklet An Account of the making of the Oxford Lectern Bible, he notes: “...for the size of the leaf, I now learned for the first time, must not exceed the standard dimensions of the folio Bibles used on the brass lecterns of most English churches - and this size was 12 x 16 inches. ...So I proposed to Mr. Milford that he have fifty copies printed for me on larger paper, preferably a hand-made, to which he readily agreed; and eventually two hundred copies were printed on Batchelor’s paper in this form in addition to the printing of 1000 copies on the smaller paper made at the Wolvercote mill.”

In another insert in the booklet he notes that this was divided into two volumes because of the inconvenient size, and duplicate title pages and half-titles are included. (One more special volume on 14 x 19.25 in. sheets was printed for the Library of Congress.)

The Oxford Lectern Bible is recognized as one of the great Bibles today, and possibly the best of the 20th century. Yet it was produced with modern printing methods. It is unornamented, clean, and Mr. Rogers used his own easily read Centaur type and clear doublecolumn page layout. Because it was assumed that these would be rebound by the purchasers, they are found in many different bindings today. Some have subsequently been combined into one volume.

Some were apparently even issued unbound and uncut, to ease the job of the binder. Other copies in these buckram boards have appeared on the market over the years.

Former Property of the Collections of Arthur Andersen, of Arthur Andersen LLP, Chicago, IL $6,000 - $10,000

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BOOKS 494 Historie of the Councel of Trent, 1640 Polano, Pietro Soaue (English transl. by Nathanael Brent). The Historie of the Councel of Trent. In Eight Bookes. In which (besides the ordinarie Acts of the Councell) are declared many notable Occurrences, which happened in Christendome, during the space of fourtie yeeres and more. And particularly, the practices of the court of Rome, to hinder the reformation of their errours, and so maintaine their greatnesse. London: printed by Robert Young and John Ravvorth for Richard Whittaker, 1640, stated 3rd edition. Large 4to, full leather with six spine bands, last two numbered pages are 878 and 881, (but the text follows fine), plus xv pp index.

The Council of Trent is considered one of the most important councils convened by the Catholic Church. As the subtitles indicate, this council was convened to answer the charges of the Protestant Reformation, condemning what it considered Protestant heresies.

The council met in 25 sessions in Trento (Italy), 1545-47, 1551-52, and 1559-1563, and in Bologna in 1547, under Popes Paul III, Julius III, and Pius IV. Among the issues addressed by Trent: Original Sin, Justification, Sacraments, marriage, and the denial of the right of an innocent party in divorce to remarry. The invocation of saints and veneration of relics was upheld, as was the efficacy of indulgences. It appointed a commission to prepare a list of forbidden books, and invoked the Pope to prepare a catechism, and revised Breviary and Missal. It also maintained that when bread and wine were consecrated in the Eucharist, Christ was “really, truly, substantially present,” but the bread and wine were not transformed (they used “transubstantiation,” but the meaning was slightly different). Many of the abuses pointed out by Martin Luther were allowed to stand, although with some restrictions (and warnings that they could be abused). The Council also upheld the principle that the Church alone could interpret Scripture, and Luther’s “justification by faith alone” was rejected (because no one could know that they had received the grace of God). It also instituted the “Gregorian calendar,” in use by much of the world in civil contexts even today.

Originally, representatives of the Protestants were to be included in this ecumenical council, but the representatives decided that they had no vote, and barely were given a voice. Thus no Protestant recommendations were accepted by the council, as the accusation that “Rome [was]...hinder[ing] the reformation of their errours,” in order to maintain control (their “greatnesses”). So rather than convening to try to come to some agreement and thus reunify the church (which was one of the original goals), the Council widened the schism, and ultimately drove the Protestants away. $500 - $700

495 The Life of Washington, with Maps, 1804-1807 Marshall, John, (1755-1835). The Life of Washington, commander in Chief of the American Forces, During the War Which Established the Independence of his Country, and First President of the United States. Compiled under the Inspection of the Honourable Bushrod Washington, from Original Papers Bequeathed to him by his Deceased Relative, and now in Possession of the Author. Philadelphia: C.P. Wayne, 1804-1807, 6 vols. 8vo, vols. I - V, 4to, vol. VI; all 3/4 leather, gilt lettering on spine and edging on leather, gilt top page edges, 5 spine bands, marbled end papers; vol. I, frontis port., xxii, 488, 45pp; vol. II, viii, 560, 72pp; vol. III, vii, 576, 28pp; vol. IV, viii, 626, [ii], 16pp; vol. V, [ii], 779, 36pp; vol. 6, 10 uncolored maps (8 double-page, 2 folded), 22pp subscribers list, 22 blank leaves.

John Marshall was the fourth Chief Justice of the United States, and to date, the longest serving. He is also credited with making the court an equal third branch of government, which he was eminently qualified to do, having previously served in the House of Representatives and in the executive branch as Secretary of State.

He greatly admired George Washington, and spent years publishing this biography. He later revised and condensed it into a two-volume work (1832), then abridged it to a single volumes with the goal of making it useful in schools (posthumously, 1838).

Marshall’s biography is still considered one of the most authoritative ever written, in part, because he is one of the last to have personally been associated with Washington, in addition to having access to primary documents. Marshall also was the one to announce Washington’s death in 1799 and chaired the committee that arranged the funeral and the commission that planned a monument, etc. $1,500 - $2,500

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BOOKS

496 Atlas to Marshall’s Life of Washington Atlas to Marshall’s Life of Washington. Philadelphia: J. Crissy, n.d., but ca 1832. Ten double-page (8.5 x 10.25 in.) hand-colored maps engraved

by J. Yeager. 8vo, 3/4 “leatherette” over paper-covered boards, paper label on front. Boston map with only buildings associated with fortifications colored. The others have extensive coloring, especially water. These were published to accompany the smaller revised, condensed edition of John Marshall’s Life of George Washington. $200 - $300

497 Jefferson’s Notes Jefferson, Thomas. Notes on the State of Virginia. Baltimore: W. Pechin, [1801]. 8vo, full leather, red morocco spine label with gilt lettering, 392pp, plus 13 (4 March 1801 inaugural address). Lacking title page.

Appendices include Charles Thompson’s updates, “An Appendix Relative to the Murder of Logan’s Family,” and his inaugural address.

This was Jefferson’s only book-length scientific publication during his lifetime. It comprises a survey of the state’s flora, fauna, geography, economy, sociopolitical status, ethnography, etc. He dabbled in many scientific inquiries in his lifetime, including archeology, anthropology, as well as botany, geography, medicine, plus architecture, and more.

Notes was first published anonymously in France in 1785 in a limited edition of 200, and in French the following year. Notes had a general thesis, which was to argue that plants, animals and humans in the New World were not degenerate versions of those in the Old World, an idea that had been proposed by French scientists including Georges Leclerc, Comte de Buffon, the eminent naturalist, hence the reason for its release first (and anonymously) in Paris. The first public English edition appeared in 1787, with American editions in 1788 and 1794 before the 1800/1801 iterations (varying mostly in supplemental material) of this edition. $600 - $800

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BOOKS 498 Sandburg, Abraham Lincoln: The Prairie Years Sandburg, Carl. Abraham Lincoln: The Prairie Years. New York; Harcourt, Brace & Company, 1926, 2 vols. 8vo; deluxe binding of full lavender morocco, gilt designs front and rear boards, 5 spine bands with gilt lettering or designs in all sections, gilt doublure, watered silk endpapers, gilt top edge. Limitation page indicates this is number 119 of 260 copies, signed by Carl Sandburg, on imported Dutch charcoal rag paper.

Former Property of the Collections of Arthur Andersen, of Arthur Andersen LLP, Chicago, IL $1,000 - $3,000

MAPS

499 Robert E. Lee, Report in Relation to the Rock River and Des Moines Rapids of the Mississippi River, January, 1838, Including Three Large Folding Maps Lee, Robert E. as Lieutenant, Corps of Engineers. Report in Relation to the Rock river and Des Moines rapids of the Mississippi River, together with a copy of his map of the same.; included in the Corps of Engineers Report from the Secretary of War, in Compliance with a Resolution of the Senate of the 25th instant, in relation to the Rock river and Des Moines rapids of the Mississippi river. January, 29, 1838. Blair & Rives, printers. 13 printed pages plus 3 large folding maps, including the following titles:

No. 1. Map of the Des Moines Rapids. Of the Mississippi River. W.J. Stone So. Wash. City. Drawn by Lt. M.C. Meigs & Henry Kayser. Surveyed

by Lt. R.E. Lee. 24 x 52 in.; No. 2. Map of the Rock Island Rapids. Of the Mississippi River. W.J. Stone So. Wash. City. Surveyed by Lt. R.E. Lee. 24 x 64 in.; No. 3. Map of the Harbor of St. Louis. Mississippi River. Oct. 1837. W.J. Stone So. Wash. City. Surveyed by Lt. R.E. Lee. Copied from the original

by M.C. Ewing Civ. Engineer. 19.75 x 44 in.

Text and maps removed from bound volume, stitch holes through inner edges. $800 - $1,200

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MAPS 500 Ensign & Thayer’s Map of the Western States, 1848 21.5 x 27 in., hand-colored. Still folded in its 3.5 x 5.5 in. red “leatherette” covers with 33pp text (plus 2pp ads). Covers with wonderful gilt designs of a train with open cars and a riverboat (with “St. Louis” on her sidewheel housing) on red front cover; text block with marbled rear endpaper.

Map has elaborate grapevine border and vignettes of western towns in each corner - Chicago, Detroit, St. Louis, and Cincinnati (although the map has been trimmed so closely that each name is slightly clipped). Map of the Western States by J.M Atwood. New York: Ensign, Bridgman & Fanning, 1855. Counties are all noted for Ohio, Indiana, Illinois, Michigan, Wisconsin, Iowa, Missouri. The northern areas and plains are still somewhat sparse in landmarks. Colors still bright. $500 - $700

501 Jacob Monk Map of the United States, 1854 Monk, Jacob. New Map of that Portion of North America Exhibiting the United States and Territories, the Canadas, New Brunswick, Nova Scotia, and Mexico, also Central America and the West India Islands. Compiled from the most recent surveys, and authentic sources. Baltimore (MD): Jacob Monk, 1854. Printed by A. Hoen & Co., Baltimore. Ca 60 x 63 in. Inset lower left “New Map of the World on Mercator’s Projection.” Tables of distances and of counties and county towns in the U.S. Heavy outlines of states and territories, with lighter fill color. Linen backed and varnished.

Elevation shown by hachures. Wonderful sailing vessels in oceans; forests illustrated by trees (most in Indian Territory by the time of this map). Surrounded by decorative border. An early 1854 edition, as the Territory of Nebraska is still labeled as “Proposed,” which was dropped in later versions as the territory was incorporated at the end of May that year.

This map was drawn as the country was actively expanding westward.

The gold regions of California are highlighted, although the accuracy of their placement has been questioned. Many Indian nations are named, trails marked, and even shipping lanes indicated.

One of the more interesting and attractive wall maps of the mid-19th century. $1,000 - $2,000

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502 Tanner’s Map of Ohio and Indiana Tanner, H.S. Ohio and Indiana. With American Atlas in top margin.

Copyright May 1819 by Tanner, Vallance, Kearny & Co. 20.25 x 26 in.

Below lower left neatline, Tanner credits A. Bourne and S. Williams of Chillicothe for providing information for the map, and notes that some information is from the works of DeFerrer, Ellicott, Volney, Darby, Brown, Drake, Cramer, Kilbourn, &c., &c. It is very unusual for mapmakers to credit their sources. Only about the southern third of Indiana, along the Ohio River and the mouths of its tributaries, has any features noted; the northern regions are flagged as still being native territory, and after the failure of Tecumseh’s rebellion, they were mostly removed to Indian Territory in the following two decades. This is a last view of the state primarily controlled by its aboriginal inhabitants.

Ohio was carved out of the Northwest Territory and admitted as a state in 1803. This left Michigan to her north. The capital of the remaining NWT was set up in Vincennes, IN with William Henry Harrison as governor. Then the Illinois Territory was formed, leaving Indiana more or less in her present shape. Indiana was admitted as the 19th state in 1816, and Illinois as the 21st in 1818. Indiana rapidly “filled in” after statehood, and the capital was moved from Corydon (in the south) to Indianapolis in 1825, a town which did not even exist in 1819 when this map was drafted. By the 1822 printing of the map, the state has “filled in” to nearly its center.

A picture of history in the making.

Henry Schenck Tanner (1786-1858) was born in New York. His first publishing company was established in Philadelphia. His American Atlas was published initially in five parts from 1818 to 1823, and several more editions with updated maps were issued until the final one in 1839. Tanner’s atlases contained many “firsts,” not the least of which was the first map of Texas. $800 - $1,000

MAPS

503 Colton’s New Map of the State of Texas, 1883 Colton, G. Woolworth. Colton’s New Map of the State of Texas, The Indian Territory and adjoining portions of New Mexico, Louisiana and Arkansas. Compiled from the Official County maps of the General Land Office.The surveys of the Mexican Boundary Commission. U.S. Engineers U.S. coast Survey U.S. General Land Office, the various Rail Road Cos. and other authentic materials by G. Woolworth Colton. Published by G.W. & C.B. Colton & Co. 182 William St. New York, 1883. 33 x 37.5 in. (31.5 x 35.25 in. neatlines) Two joined sheets of banknote paper, hand-

colored counties and state outlines. Inset lower left of Mexico and isthmus, with inset of Isthmus of Tehuantepec in more detail showing proposed canal and parallel rail route. Folded into brown embossed cloth covers 4 x 8 in. with Colton’s New Map of Texas New York G.W. & C.B. Colton & Co. in gilt on front cover.

Map with extensive detail on topography, native reservations, forts, mines, railroads, rivers, political units (townships, counties, etc.), and more, as the state was recovering from the Civil War. From the Estate of Kenneth Erwin, Portland, Michigan $2,500 - $4,500

504 Early Dauphin County, Pennsylvania Handwritten Surveyors’ Journal, 1804-1839 Full leather bound journal, 4 x 6.5 in. Over 100 pages filled out over nearly four decades, plus a few later ones. The three primary surveyors were: Levi G. Hollingsworth (who purchased this book), from 1804 to 1813 (about 70 tracts of land); John Davies, 1824 - 1830 (about 30 tracts); and Joseph Gray, 1833 1839 (about 15 tracts of land). There seem to have been a few other employees, particularly in the later (1840 - 1850) section: Anthony Hempsley, B. Galbraith, Thomas Bramer?, Joseph Farnster, Jonathan Cowden, Jacob Rudy, Samuel McCord, etc.

Among the places mentioned: Upper Paxton, Middle Paxton, Lower Paxton, Derry, Londonderry, Hanover, Halifax, Swatara Creek (and township), Wiconisco, Rush, Mifflin, numerous creeks and rivers, many more.

Of course, each parcel of land is associated with people. A great resource for the historian/genealogist of this region. $1,000 - $2,000

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GENERAL AMERICANA 505 Set of Transatlantic Cables Presented to General Thomas Eckert by Siemens Brothers, London, 1866 Fine presentation set in a box affixed with an engraved plate reading Types of American Atlantic Cables / Presented

By Siemens Brothers & Co. / To General Thomas Eckert. A latch integrated into the plate unlocks the cover, allowing access to seven 9 in. long sections, 1.25 to 2.625 in. in diameter, with sterling silver rings at either end, engraved Siemen Bros. & Co. / London at the top and No. 1 through No. 7 at the bottom (with British hallmarks), and seven cross sections. Box is 18 x 20.25 x 6 in. high overall.

Thomas Eckert (1825-1910) had a childhood fascination with telegraphy, which led him to move from Ohio to New York to sign on as an operator with the Morse Telegraph Company in 1847. He returned to Ohio to become postmaster at Wooster and synthesized the two jobs by installing a telegraph line in the post office. In 1852, he was appointed by J.H. Wade of the Wade Telegraph Company to supervise the construction of a line between Pittsburgh and Chicago, which became part of the Union Telegraph Co. While working in North Carolina in 1861, Eckert was accused of being a Northern spy, but escaped back to Ohio and immediately offered his services to the Union cause. Though he lacked any military experience, his expertise made him an invaluable asset to the army and he was appointed a captain and aide-de-camp in charge of military telegraph operations to General McClellan, then serving as general-in-chief of the Union Army. Capt. Eckert accompanied McClellan during the Peninsula Campaign of 1862, but soon after was recalled to Washington to supervise the military telegraph network for the entire War Department, for which he was highly praised by Secretary of War Edwin Stanton and President Lincoln, who promoted him to the rank of brevet brigadier and Assistant Secretary of War by the end of the war.

Eckert resigned his government post in 1866 to take a job as the manager of the eastern division of Western Union, and one of his first responsibilities was overseeing the construction of lines to connect with the first viable transatlantic cables. Siemen’s Brothers had manufactured the cables and they were laid by I.K. Brunel’s converted SS Great Eastern. The main length of the cable, Ireland to Newfoundland, broke just 600 miles from the North American shore, but the second was connected successfully on July 27, 1866, to international celebration.

The operation had been so costly and the demand to send message so high that the price of transmitting a message in the first months was $5 per word (over $75 in 2013 dollars), but the money could not have started rolling in had Eckert not been able to construct and manage the eastern connection, which would explain why Siemens honored him with the fine presentation piece offered here.

Eckert would go on to manage a series of important telegraph networks for Western Union and its main competitors, culminating in being appointed president of Western Union from 1893 to 1900 and chairman of the board from 1900 until his death in 1910. $4,000 - $6,000

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GENERAL AMERICANA 506 Thomas Clay McDowell, Great Grandson to Henry Clay & Kentucky Derby Winner, Personal Engraved Brass Telescope The personal brass telescope of Thomas Clay McDowell, engraved along fitting opposite eyepiece Maj. T.C. McDowell. Accompanied by original calf skin bag. All lenses are intact, however one of the optics inside is loose. Approx. 10 in. when closed, 36 in. when fully extended.

Born and raised at Ashland Farm, the plantation established in Lexington, KY, by his great grandfather, Henry Clay, Thomas Clay McDowell (1866-1935) was the son of Anne Clay, daughter of Henry Clay, Jr., and Major Henry Clay McDowell. Undoubtedly influenced by his father, who bred Standardbred trotters for harness racing, McDowell became a major breeder of Thoroughbreds for flat racing.

Among his many accomplishments, he is best remembered as the breeder, owner, and trainer of the colt, Alan-a-Dale, which won the Kentucky Derby in 1902.

The consignor relates that this telescope was used in the film, Cassius Marcellus Clay- An Audacious American, which aired on PBS. Acquired Directly from the McDowell Family $600 - $800

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507 Two Large Format Photographs of University of Pennsylvania Medical School Graduates, Ca 1889 Lot of 2. First a 10.25 x 14.25 in. print on a 15 x 18 in. mount with the gilt imprint of The Gilbert Studios / 626 Chestnut St., Philadelphia., and the calligraphed title The D. Hayes Agnew Surgical Society, with the famed surgeon D. Hayes Agnew at center, surrounded by the medical students comprising the society, notably including a single Asian surgeon at lower left; framed, 20.5 x 23.5 in. Second is 10.25 x 15 in. (sight), framed, 20 x 25 in., showing a group of graduates, including a single African American graduate at top right, posed in front of the University of Pennsylvania Hospital (a sign on the door at top center reads Hospital of the University of Penna. / No. 3400 Spruce St. / On Sunday Visitors NOT Admitted to the Wards / On Weekdays They are Admitted from 2 to 4 o’clk P.M.) David Hayes Agnew (1818-1892) was a surgeon and medical educator affiliated with the University of Pennsylvania for the majority of his career. He lectured there and was a surgeon at Pennsylvania Hospital, and also authored medical reference books including the influential The Principles and Practice of Surgery (18781883). Agnew was the operating surgeon on President James A. Garfield when he was shot by an assassin in 1881, and is the subject of one of American painter Thomas Eakins’ most famous works, The Agnew Clinic, which shows him directing a surgery in the University of Pennsylvania’s medical amphitheater. The D. Hayes Agnew Surgical Society, usually shortened to The Agnew Society, is the oldest student-run medical society in the country. $1,000 - $1,500

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GENERAL AMERICANA | Circus, Fairs & Expositions 508 Jumbo the Elephant & his Keeper, Matthew Scott, Autobiography Plus Artotypes Lot of 3, including: Scott, Matthew. Autobiography of Matthew Scott, Jumbo’s Keeper, Formerly of the Zoological Society’s Gardens, London, and Receiver of Sir Edwin Landseer Medal in 1866, Also, Jumbo’s Autobiography, by the Same Author. New York: Trow’s Printing and Bookbinding Co., 1885. 12mo, blue embossed cloth, 96pp.

Plus 2 cabinet card-sized artotypes showing Jumbo with his keeper, Matthew Scott, and others standing by, looking at the enormous pachyderm in awe. Each image on mount with the following imprint: Jumbo/ The largest Elephant ever seen by mortal man, wild or in captivity/ The property of Messrs. Barnum, Bailey & Hutchinson. cost $30,000, and E. Bierstadt, New York backmark.

Born in the French Sudan, Jumbo (1861-1885), a male African Bush Elephant, was part of a group of captured animals imported to France and kept in the Paris Zoo, Jardin des Plantes, until 1865 when he was transferred to the London Zoo. While in London, he became a popular attraction, especially for the children, who were permitted to ride him. In November 1881, for the price of $10,000, Jumbo was sold to the Barnum & Bailey Circus. P.T. Barnum transported the elephant to New York, where he was exhibited at Madison Square Garden and was later included in a group of 21 circus elephants that crossed the Brooklyn Bridge to prove that the structure was safe within a year after a stampede on the bridge resulted in the death of a dozen people.

On September 15, 1885, while in St. Thomas, Ontario, Jumbo was hit and fatally wounded by a locomotive at a railway classification yard.

Following his tragic death, Barnum had portions of the elephant separated and displayed at multiple sites to attract spectators.

Following this tour, Jumbo’s skeleton was donated to the American Museum of Natural History in New York, his heart was sold to Cornell University, and his hide was stuffed, mounted, and traveled with Barnum’s circus for two years before it was donated to Tuft’s University and displayed at P.T. Barnum Hall for many years. The hide was later destroyed in an April 1975 fire, but Jumbo’s legacy lives on to this day as the mascot for Tuft’s University. $500 - $700

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509 Book of Jumbo, Largest Elephant In or Out of Captivity, 1882 Program Rare program titled Book of Jumbo, Largest Elephant In or Out of Captivity, printed for the July 8, 1882 appearance of Jumbo at Haverhill, MA. Buffalo, NY: Courier Company, 1882. 10.25 x 14 in., 16pp, with woodcut illustrations of Jumbo throughout, as well as a “History of the Purchase and Importation of the Largest Elephant in the World,” and several other accounts of P.T. Barnum’s famous African elephant. $300 - $500

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GENERAL AMERICANA | Circus, Fairs & Expositions 510 Jumbo, The Colossus of his Kind, Barnum & London Show Broadside Two-sided broadside/pamphlet, 19.75 x 27 in., for a Barnum & London show. One side with advertisement for The Colossus of his Kind, Jumbo, accompanied by an illustration of Barnum’s famous African Elephant. The broadside promotes additional attractions, some with illustrations, such as Jo-Jo, Dog-Face Russian Boy, Nala Damajanti, the Heroic and Beautiful Hindoo Snake-Charmer, the Almost Human Clown Elephant, and Admiral Dot, the Littlest of Men. Opposite side with advertisements for Barnum’s Circus, Museum, and Hippodrome, dated Whitehall, Tuesday, July 28, plus a Greeting and Farewell from P.T. Barnum to his American Patrons, in which he states that he will be taking his show across the Atlantic Ocean to Europe. Also included are lists outlining various facts and figures, such as Notable Bridges of the World, Tables of Weights and Measures, Strength of Ice of Different Thickness, Public Debt of the United States, etc.

Printed by Morrell Brothers, Show Printers, Philadelphia, PA. $500 - $700

511 Jumbo, Giant of the Elephant Race, Barnum & London Show Broadside, 1884 Two-sided broadside, 10 x 29 in., for Barnum, Bailey & Hutchinson’s Barnum & London United Monster Shows, performed in Haverhill, MA, dated Monday, July 7, with inked year of 1884. Each side features advertisements and illustrations of several acts, one highlight being Jumbo, described as the Tallest, Heaviest & Biggest Beast Alive. Other acts include the Sacred White Elephant, a Mighty Assemblage of Wild, Savage, Superstitious, and Idolatrous People, a Menagerie of Led and Loose Animals, and an Exciting Hippodrome Racing Tournament. Printed by James Reilley, New York. $500 - $700

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512 Circus Attractions & Special People, Group of Ten Photographs Lot of 11, including 6 cartes de visite and 4 cabinet photographs of circus performers and special people, the highlight being a cabinet card of Double-Bodied, Hindoo Enigma Piramal & Sami, Brother & Sister,

by Wendt, Boonton, NJ. Born in Madras, India in 1888, Piramal and his parasitic twin entered show business at a young age and toured briefly with Ringling Bros. Circus in the United States before retiring to India in 1915.

Accompanied by 4 CDVs of little people, with 2 views of Tom Thumb & Lavinia Warren, including the Fairy Wedding Group with facsimile signature on verso and Brady/Anthony backmark, plus a portrait of a couple consisting of an average sized gentleman and a 33 in. tall woman, identified as Mr. & Mrs. Reed; Fredricks & Co. carte of Giant Lady Madame Sherwood; CDV of P.T. Barnum; and cabinet cards of Linus, the “Oregon Wonder Horse,” by Hammond, Lewiston, ME, the “giant” Shields Brothers, by Eisenmann, New York, and Indian doctor and entertainer, Mr. Rolling Thunder of Boomertown, NY. A copy of Very Special People, by Frederick Drimmer, (New York: Amjon Publishers, Inc., 1973), is also included. $500 - $700 SEE DETAILED DESCRIPTIONS, ADDITIONAL PHOTOGRAPHS AND CONDITION REPORTS OF ALL LOTS AT COWANS.COM

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GENERAL AMERICANA | Circus, Fairs & Expositions 513 Laloo, The Indian Marvel, Nature’s Twin Freak of Nature, Illustrated Broadside Two-sided broadside, 7.25 x 20 in., each side advertising the appearance of Laloo, the Indian Marvel, a Hindoo Boy described as 1 Boy and 1 Girl/ The Strangest Freak of Nature in the World. 1 Head, 2 Bodies, 4 Legs, 4 Arms. With illustrations of Laloo, including the body of his twin sister, on each side. The broadside announces that Laloo would be one of several performers from the London Specialty Company appearing at the 9th and Arch Museum starting Monday, September 28, year unknown.

Printed by Morrell Brothers, Philadelphia, PA. Laloo (b. 1874), a young Indian boy who had a parasitic twin protruding from his abdomen, which had two arms, two legs, and a penis, but no head, performed as a sideshow attraction for P.T. Barnum during the late 19th Century. $300 - $500

515 W.W. Cole’s 3-Ring Circus Broadside, 1884 Two-sided broadside, 10.5 x 28 in., advertising W.W. Cole’s Entirely New 3-Ring Circus. Each side promotes various attractions from Cole’s show, some accompanied by illustrations, such as Samson the elephant, the Bigest [sic] Born of Brutes, the Human Fly, Mademoiselle Amie, and the Russian Roller Skaters.

One side, boldly headed A Show Sold Out!/ To the Creditors of John B. Doris...A Financial Wreck Swamped by the Sworn Affidavit of Unerring Justice, includes a copy of the 1883-1884 Bill of Sale for John Doris Circus, which was a competitor to W.W. Cole.

Below the Bill of Sale, which provides a sad picture of poverty and distress of the Doris Circus, an advertisement for the Regale, Royal Richness of W.W. Cole’s Opulential Monarch of Massive Millions is included. Printed

by Ramsey, Millett, & Hudson, Kansas City, MO, 1884. $400 - $600

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514 The Wild Australian Children, Curiosities of Nature, Illustrated Broadside Broadside, 4.25 x 11.75 in., promoting the circus side show, The Wild Australian Children, described as Unparalleled Curiosities of Nature...Evidently of a Cannibal Race, Judging from their natural proclivities, their long, sharp teeth...The children, whose abnormally small heads were likely the result of microcephaly, were captured about 7 years ago by a party of Gold Hunters in the mountainous regions of Australia, according to the advertisement.

These Great Living Wonders could be seen as part of Van Amburgh & Co’s. Menagerie, ca 1867. With illustration produced by Baker, Chicago. The children were most likely first exhibited as part of P.T. Barnum’s Circus, and they were later part of the Van Amburgh & Co. Circus in 1867, as well as Adam Forepaugh’s Circus in 1869. $300 - $500

516 Ringling Brothers Circus / Minneapolis & St. Louis Railroad Broadside Broadside, 10 x 28 in., promoting a special excursion to Watertown, SD via the Minneapolis & St. Louis Railroad to visit and witness the rapid growth of that enterprising city and to enjoy Ringling Brothers Circus, with illustrations of the Terrific Automobile Double Somersault Act of Mlle. Belle Roche as well as Alexander Patty, the Man that Walks on his Head.

Printed by Murphy-Travis Co., Minneapolis, MN. $300 - $500

GENERAL AMERICANA | Circus, Fairs & Expositions 517 Barnum & Bailey, Photograph of Circus Tents in Temesvar, Romania, 1901 Silver gelatin photograph, 11 x 15 in. (sight), providing a unique view of the massive circus tents set up for the Barnum & Bailey Great 3-Ring Circus during its two-day stop in Temesvar, Romania, which occurred on May 4-5, 1901. A line of posters promoting the show are visible along the bottom edge of the frame. The image is blindstamped lower right Kossak Y./ CS. ES. Kir. Udvari Fenykepes/ Temesvar, and is matted and framed under conservation glass, 18.5 x 22.5 in. $500 - $700

518 P.T. Barnum Chicago Hot Air Balloon Pastel by Frederick B. McGreer Frederick B. McGreer (1867?-1902), late 19th century. A pastel and charcoal drawing depicting the ill-fated ascension of the balloon P.T. Barnum, with inset portraits of the two passengers, aeronaut Washington Harris Donaldson and Chicago Evening Journal reporter Mr. Newton S. Grimwood, and a small scene showing the discovery of Grimwood’s body between the two portraits, signed McGreer l.l.; 35 x 28.25 in. (sight).

Donaldson, a well-known adventurer and aeronaut, and Grimwood launched from the P.T. Barnum Hippodrome in Chicago on July 15, 1875 and were last seen in the skies over Lake Michigan. Donald’s body was never found, but Grimwood’s body was discovered on the shores of Lake Michigan over a month after the flight on August 16, 1875.

McGreer, the artist who depicted this event, is known to have exhibited work at the Art Institute of Chicago in 1891.

He worked in Chicago most of his life, but in 1901 moved to San Francisco to work as a scenery painter for stage productions. $1,500 - $3,500

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519 Louisiana Purchase Exposition / St. Louis World’s Fair of 1904, Extensive Manuscript Archive Involving Thomas Cridler, European Commissioner for the Fair Lot of approximately 3,000 pieces, mostly letters. Ca 1898-1926 (bulk of materials 1902-1903).

By the fall of 1902 Thomas W. Cridler, Commissioner to Europe for the Louisiana Purchase Exposition, had already been in Europe for months painstakingly pursuing the participation of European nations in the much-heralded Saint Louis World’s Fair of 1904. In a letter to a fellow diplomat at the US Consul in Turkey, Cridler wrote, I want to make a success of my mission, and shall omit no opportunity to do so. I want to show my friends that although I spent so many years, and the best years of my life, in the Department of State, I can apply my knowledge to good account in another sphere. It is due them, but infinitely more due to myself and my family…. But, mark my word, I shall go back to the Department after a while, if I live, in a better position. I have some scores to payoff, and I have an excellent memory.

In this extensive manuscript collection of approximately 3,000 pieces, Thomas W. Cridler provides a unique look into not just the challenges he faced securing the participation of European nations at the Fair, but also into the difficulty, diplomacy, and at times the intrigue associated with life as a diplomat. With letters representing 28 foreign countries, and hundreds of ancillary items including photographs, a stamp collection, business cards, telegrams, receipts, handwritten notes, legal documents, postcards, newspaper clippings, speeches, shipping invoices, and a multitude of official World’s Fair publications, this archive is a treasure trove of information relating to the St. Louis World’s Fair and the lives of the American diplomatic corps at the turn of the century.

Thomas Wilbur Cridler (b. 1850 - d. 1914) was born in Harper’s Ferry, West Virginia. He studied law and on October 1, 1875, was appointed as a clerk at the Department of State. This commenced what would be a lengthy career as a diplomat, rising from clerk to Chief of the Diplomatic Bureau, and ultimately to appointment as Third Assistant Secretary of State on April 8, 1897. While serving as Third Assistant 254

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Secretary, Cridler was present for the signing of the Treaty of Paris in 1898 and was appointed by President McKinley to be Special Commissioner to the 1900 Paris Exhibition.

On November 15, 1901, Cridler resigned his post at the Department of State. Little was written in the prominent papers about the reason for this resignation; however, the archive offers two possible explanations.

In July 1901 Cridler removed to Seabright, New Jersey, to recover from what he described in a 1902 letter as a severe attack of typhoid fever. Cridler’s letters make multiple mentions of this illness, which by his own account, left him quite ill and caused a significant weight loss. Another possible explanation for his resignation is found in a clipping in the manuscript collection from a Copenhagen newspaper dated January 7, 1903. The accompanying translation of the article states that Jules Blom, former Vice Consul for the US in Copenhagen, resigned after being assaulted in January 1900 by a drunken Consul Ingersoll, and later succeeded in getting Ingersoll removed from Copenhagen and in having his friend Mr. Cridler, Chief for Consular Affairs in the Department of State in Washington, discharged. Regardless of the reason, Cridler did resign as Third Assistant Secretary, and soon was appointed European Commissioner for the Louisiana Purchase Exposition, otherwise known as the St. Louis World’s Fair.

The St. Louis World’s Fair was intended to celebrate and commemorate the centennial of the 1803 Louisiana Purchase. Like the American expositions that had preceded it - Philadelphia in 1876, Chicago in 1893, and Buffalo in 1901 - the St. Louis World’s Fair demonstrated to a worldwide audience America’s transformation into an industrial powerhouse and expressed America’s pride in her accomplishments. The St. Louis World’s Fair, however, was the grandest of them all, with a size, scope, and ambition that far exceeded its predecessors.

Twice the size of the Chicago Exposition, the St. Louis Exposition covered more than twelve hundred acres and featured fifteen hundred buildings erected specifically for the Fair. According to a promotional pamphlet included in the archive, the World’s Fair in St. Louis was to present a new and important development of the Exposition

GENERAL AMERICANA | Circus, Fairs & Expositions idea, showing the evolution of the raw materials through all the process of manufacture to the finished product. It will be an Exposition of life, color, motion and demonstration in every part where practicable. In a 1902 Memorandum for His Excellency, the Italian Minister for Foreign Affairs, Cridler said this of the Exposition: It is not an easy matter to point out the special value of this Exposition, nor to sum up even a few of its many advantages. It will, however, present an object lesson, on a scale of the greatest magnificence, to demonstrate what is, by the exercise of industry, perseverance, and intelligence, a possibility at the beginning of the twentieth century…. We are living in a world whose progress toward the higher and better things in life is undisputed. The St. Louis Exposition will be the embodiment of these, far beyond any similar enterprise.

Diplomatic efforts on behalf of the St. Louis World’s Fair commenced with a proclamation issued on August 20, 1901, by President William McKinley, inviting nations to take part in the Exposition. Secretary of State John Hay then issued a circular to the American diplomatic officers directing them to convey the invitation of the President to their respective governments. In July 1902 Cridler set sail for Europe.

Fluent in three languages, well connected with diplomats and leaders abroad, and with eighteen overseas trips already under his belt, Cridler was well prepared to begin his mission.

In a July 8, 1902, circular from Secretary of State Hay to diplomatic and consular officers of the US, Hay quoted David R. Francis, President of the Louisiana Purchase Exposition, who described Cridler’s duties as follows: Generally speaking, your duty and authority will be to visit the several European capitals and such other points as may be thought necessary in the exercise of your discretion, and to personally confirm with representatives of our government the invitation of the President of the United States to the government of Europe to take part in the said exposition…. Finally, you are charged to take such measures and make such arrangements with governments, individuals and representative interests, as may appear proper, wise and necessary to encourage and promote the welfare of the exposition in the foreign countries under your jurisdiction and to secure worthy participation on their part to the end that it may be distinctly the representative of its class. From July 1902 through January 1904 Cridler pursued this mission abroad with enduring patience and tenacity, and the great majority of letters and materials in the archive date from this period.

Initially scheduled to open in 1903, the Exposition was postponed until 1904. This was in no small part due to the fact that foreign governments were declining to participate because they could not get ready in time.

Numerous letters in the archive relate the obstacles of European participation as experienced by Cridler, particularly the tariff on foreign goods, too frequent expositions, and the high expense necessarily incurred in preparation of an exhibit without adequate compensating advantages. Still, Cridler pressed on and achieved great success, securing the participation of the European countries in his charge, including many that had officially declined to participate on multiple occasions. In January 1904, Cridler returned to America after more than eighteen months overseas as European Commissioner, and he was present for the Opening Ceremonies as the Exposition commenced on April 30, 1904.

The letters and materials contained in the archive are, for the most part, in excellent condition. The papers are loosely organized by country. Cridler was exceptionally detailed and systematic in his methods of preparing, responding, and filing his communications, a trait no doubt necessary to keep track of the voluminous amount of correspondence with which he was tasked. Letters relating to the Exposition are typically labeled in the upper left corner with the subject, country of reference, as well as a progressive sequential number. Cridler has further organized the material

by pinning correspondence together that relates to a specific discussion thread. In this manner one can easily follow a written conversation as it progresses over the months, even when there are multiple letter writers.

Well over one hundred correspondents are found in the letters of this archive. A great multitude of diplomats and luminaries are represented by their signatures including notables such as Germanborn beer maker Adolphus Busch, British Ambassador Julian Pauncefote, American diplomat Henry White, U.S. Ambassador to the United Kingdom Joseph H. Choate, Assistant Secretary of State Francis B. Loomis, Boy Scouts of America president Colin H. Livingstone, U.S. Senator Chauncey Depew, Catholic University of America Rector D. J. O’Connell, Persian antiquities collector and dealer Dikran Khan Kelekian, and theatre manager and composer Rudolph Aronson. Also represented with their signatures are many of the integral members of the Louis Purchase Exposition Company and its representatives abroad including President David R. Francis, Secretary Walter B. Stevens, Director of Exhibits Fred Skiff, Chief of the Department of Liberal Arts John Ockerson, Chief of the Art Department and founder of the St. Louis Museum of Fine Art Halsey C. Ives, Representative in London George F. Parker, Commissioner to Sweden, Norway, and Denmark Charles W. Kohlsaat, Representative in Paris Palmer L. Bowen, Representative in Berlin Joseph Brucker, Commissioner to Italy Vittorio Zeggio, and Commissioner to the Foreign Press Walter Williams.

The collection contains but ten photographs including two unidentified portraits of a young child, an unidentified family outside their rustic homestead, a photograph of Lilian Cridler as a young woman adorned with the handwritten note “For Papa,” a portrait of Cridler presumably in his office where he served as Third Assistant Secretary, two group portraits of Cridler in front of a train possibly at the opening ceremonies of the St. Louis World’s Fair, and one large photo approximately 8 x 10 in., of a mosque, possibly the Hagia Sofia in Constantinople.

Included within the archive are complete speeches given by Cridler to the American Chamber of Commerce in Paris (July 1903), to the International Art Association of Rome (December 1902), a speech to a gathering of Republicans from his home state of West Virginia, and a speech about his experiences in Russia given to his brothers at the DC-area Masonic Lafayette Lodge.

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Other unique items included within the archive are maps, pamphlets and books describing the attractions and layout of the World’s Fair, an “Americaine March” titled “Welcome to the World’s Fair in St. Louis” written by Frederic Guillaume Grell, and ledgers of correspondence to nations throughout the world.

The archive is most notable, however, for its detailed accounts of the extensive diplomatic efforts exerted on behalf of the Fair. There are particularly large numbers of correspondence and other ephemera for the countries of Germany (approx. 284 documents), France (approx. 235 documents), Russia (approx. 295 documents), AustriaHungary (approx. 250 documents) and Italy (approx. 276 documents), in addition to more than 500 documents of more general, domestic correspondence. Other countries represented in the archive with their approximate number of documents are as follows: Persia (39), Romania (13), Serbia (17), Morocco (73), Macedonia/Albania (56), Portugal (16), Spain (120), Belgium (202), Netherlands (110), South Africa/Mozambique (15), Egypt (16), Abyssinia (9), Sweden/Norway/ Denmark (127), Switzerland (121), Turkey (66), Bulgaria (22), Great Britain (93), and Greece (33).

The documents in the archive demonstrate that the Louisiana Purchase Exposition Company and its Commissioners desired to make their Exposition “universal” in greater degree than any of its predecessors. To that end they employed an aggressive campaign to secure participation from countries and colonies throughout the world. Foreign promotion of the Fair, or “exploitation” as it was called, was carried out under the supervision of a standing committee led by Chairman Adolphus Busch, the German-born co-founder of the Anheuser-Busch brewery. Busch, Cridler, and members of the Exposition Company used every means at their disposal to secure not just participation in name, but ideally full participation wherein a country submitted a complement of exhibits for the Fair’s fifteen sections including Manufacturers, Art, Education, Transportation, Agriculture, Mines and Metallurgy, Liberal Arts, Social Economy, and Anthropology. With few exceptions, Cridler’s correspondence does not go into depth on the exhibits per se; rather it illustrates the extensive campaign he waged in each prospective European country.

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Initially Cridler sought introductions from his colleagues to their colleagues and friends in any given country. The archive contains dozens of letters of introduction in which Cridler is introduced to members of good society. He utilized American diplomats, embassies, consuls, and his personal contacts to put him in touch with the right people, the decision-makers, in places of power. He was at an advantage it seems, because he knew many of the American and foreign diplomats personally due to his extensive service in Department of State. Letters show that Cridler also lobbied the social elite, business leaders, boards of trade, chambers of commerce, and the local press.

Throughout the archive there is a consistency to Cridler’s correspondence. Letters representing diverse European countries are at once similar in their portrayal of Cridler’s efforts – he arrived in a country, arranged meetings with decision-makers and presented his memorandum on why participation was a good idea for that particular country, then he followed-up repeatedly until a positive response was secured, all the while keeping St. Louis informed each step of the way. Yet each country typically offers its own unique narrative as well.

Greece is notable in the archive for the large number of letters from Mrs. Carrie Jenkins Harris of North Carolina, one of the few female correspondents in the archive. Mrs. Harris was an author and editor who was politically savvy and very well connected to several high-profile political figures. Her letters demonstrate that she was more than willing to use her connections to achieve her goal of an appointment as a representative of the Louisiana Purchase Exposition to the country of Greece. She was constantly imparting bits of political news and intrigue to Cridler. Perhaps as an incentive to secure Cridler’s help with her desired appointment, she wrote to Cridler in 1902 about how she could help with his political advancement and offered this advice: If you can get the influence of the Southern RR, the coal interests and the Standard Oil Co. behind you in West Va, you can certainly get the Congressional nomination, and later the Senate. Mrs. Harris also freely vented her frustration with the politicians and process delaying her appointment, prompting Cridler to respond Be more careful what you say, and still more careful what you write. This is friendly advice, offered with the best of good will.

Hungary, Austria, and Serbia are unique in that letters relating to these countries are full of Cridler’s assessments of the political upheavals threatening the region in the tumultuous years leading up to World War I. Regarding the Austro-Hungarian Empire and its participation, Cridler saw clearly that Austria and Hungary though united in name and monarchy were in all other respects separate kingdoms. He knew that he must go through Hungary to secure its participation separately from Austria. On August 10th, 1903, Cridler wrote that The Political differences between the two governments are becoming serious and the Hungarians seem determined to enforce their demands.

They are outspoken as to what they are and feel that they are both just and reasonable, in view of their position under the alliance between themselves and the Austrian government.

Russia was a country of great personal and professional interest to Cridler. He often described his time there as being among the most difficult of his tenure but also the most rewarding. Cridler needed to be wary in Russia of how he proceeded. He remarks to Exposition Management that his telegrams would be read and kept by the government of Russia, and that censorship was rampant. In a letter to Secretary Stevens on May 3, 1903, Cridler remarked that the press of Russia is of no practical value to me. Its censorship is so rigid that it would not dare to say anything that seemed like giving advice to the Government. That is not permitted. There is no such thing here as creating a sentiment in the public mind through the press. Cridler also remained wary of individuals looking to profit either legally or illegally from their association with the Exposition. Aubrey Stanhope (brother to Russell Stanhope, Secretary of the Committee on Foreign Relations) was a businessman in Russia. In his letter to Cridler dated June 13, 1903, Stanhope said of the Russian Commissioner General to the Exposition Serge Alexandrovsky: From what I have been told he needs watching n money matters. However I suppose that what he takes will be out of the

GENERAL AMERICANA | Circus, Fairs & Expositions

Russians and not from your people. Money it appears sticks to his hands in a remarkable way.

It was not without a great deal of effort and some difficulty that Cridler undertook and completed his mission; censorship and profiteering were just some of the obstacles Cridler faced along the way. Communicating in a timely fashion proved difficult at times.

Letters from Cridler to his superiors in St. Louis sometimes moved too slowly necessitating the use of a cablegram or telegraph to transfer an important message or one requiring a swift reply; there are a large number of these communications included within the archive. Often letters expressed the difficulty in simply tracking Cridler down. He had no permanent office while in Europe, and his correspondence was alternately addressed to him care of embassies, consuls, or even hotels.

Funds were of concern to Cridler and particularly to some of his subordinates who sometimes found themselves expending personal money to fund Exposition business such as entertaining prominent leaders and businessmen. Letters point to an Exposition Management team that was very cautious and judicious with expenditures, as well as Exposition agents abroad that were sometimes none too happy about Management’s penny-pinching ways. This scenario prompted Charles W. Kohlsaat, Commissioner to Sweden, Denmark, and Norway, to go so far as to exclaim to Cridler in a letter dated March 7, 1903, that Exposition or no Exposition I’m through spending, or even advancing, my own paltry pittance for Exposition benefit. Finis!

Most distressing to Cridler though, seems to have been a dire need for typewriting and clerical assistance and a dearth of print material related to the Fair. In many of the countries he visited he wrote of a desperate need for someone who had an American typewriter and was fluent in English so as to help him catch up on his extensive correspondence. He also wrote frequently of his great frustration with the Exposition Management for not providing World’s Fair literature in the language of the countries being visited, specifically in German, French, and Spanish. In a letter of May 6, 1903, Cridler tells businessman J. de Goeijen of Amsterdam that I am meagerly supplied with printed information or essential details, much to my regret and frequently to my embarrassment.

Beyond simply highlighting the challenges faced while in the field, Cridler’s World’s Fair correspondence provides insight into the strategies used by the Exposition Management and its Commissioners to elicit positive responses from the European countries. These strategies included deliberate use of the local press to build excitement and consensus among European peoples for participation.

This strategic use of the press was articulated as early as 1902 just as

Cridler was arriving in Europe to begin his duties as Commissioner for Europe. An article titled “The Press at the St. Louis Exposition Dedication Ceremonies” was forwarded from Russell Stanhope, Secretary of the Foreign Relations Committee, to Cridler on August 26, 1902, and says In the extensive preparations for the Exposition at St. Louis notable recognition is given the power and influence of the press among cultivated and progressive peoples. The fundamental plan of the universal celebration…requires the support and the cooperation of journals of all classes, because these disseminate the news and spread the knowledge.

The press is an instrument of universal knowledge, and its mission in a grand exposition such as that of St. Louis, is of the highest importance.

Cridler understood the importance of the press quite well, and his letters show the great efforts undertaken to involve the foreign press, to use them to promote the fair, and to combat any negative publicity that appeared from time to time in the foreign papers. Throughout the archive there are newspaper clippings that Cridler saved including ones from Morocco, Russia, Germany, and the Netherlands many of which shed a unique light on how the St. Louis World’s Fair, and America itself, were perceived by the Europeans. The archive also contains a good deal of correspondence related to failed Exposition efforts to host the International Press Congress in St. Louis as a forerunner to the Fair.

Another strategy employed by Cridler was the use of trade statistics relating to imports and exports. The archive contains detailed trade reports demonstrating by country how the United States had, in nearly every case, increased its imports of foreign goods. This tactic was to combat a very specific and much-repeated complaint of European nations that the McKinley and Dingley trade tariffs had hurt their economies. In a letter dated August 23, 1902, from the Louisiana Purchase Company Secretary Walter B. Stevens to Cridler, the concept is laid out: A few days ago the Treasury Department put out the annual trade review, giving the figures on imports down to the fiscal year ending June 30, 1902. Mr. Austin, the Chief, in commenting pointed out some remarkable increases in imports from other countries. The correspondence we have had with our representatives abroad shows that in certain countries a good deal is made of the argument that the United States tariff deters such countries from participating in the World’s Fair.

In reply to an inquiry, Mr. Austin sends this latest report. President Francis is of the opinion that the statistics can be utilized with excellent effect by you in several European countries. Cridler did indeed use statistics to his advantage and he judiciously outlined his case for the participation of each country. Memorandum’s prepared by Cridler for the decision-making authorizes were utilized to make his major points and elucidate the overall substance of his arguments in Europe: In short, Europe has nowhere else in the world a market for her industrial products that is so rapidly increasing

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No other part of the world is increasing so rapidly its population and its ability to pay for and enjoy the costliest comforts and articles of art and luxury.

Yet another tactic employed with great success was to play on the longstanding intercontinental rivalries among the European nations. Letters in the archive frequently show one country inquiring as to the status of other countries: What countries are participating? And to what extent? What are they spending on their exhibits? A telegram from Exposition Representative Palmer L. Bowen in Switzerland to Cridler in Paris dated February 16, 1903, reads I need detailed information concerning action taken by European Governments, amount of subventions, and character of Exhibits for Exposition for Swiss Government, per their request. Can you furnish this in letter? The Commissioners hastened to respond to these queries from the foreign governments and undoubtedly knew that these rivalries worked to their advantage.

Countries, once having accepted the invitation to participate, then vied for the best placement of their respective pavilion and exhibit sites. Among the exhibits that received consideration in Cridler’s letters are the National Pavilion of the French Republic, a fifteen-acre replica of King Louis XIV’s palace “The Grand Trianon,” and Germany’s Tyrolean Alps concession. With thoughts of exhibits also came the expected questions related to expense. Correspondents inquired of Cridler as to freight rates for transport of exhibits overseas from home countries, and then by rail to St. Louis. Countries inquired as to insurance for the exhibitors while expressing fears of potential fire and wind damage at the Exposition. Without fail, the Commissioners and Exposition Management responded to inquiries with a palpable confidence that they had accounted for every detail that would lend itself to a positive experience for the European nations. Also without fail, the Exposition Company expressed its goal to have exhibits that were grand, unique, and wonderfully representative of their home countries. In a letter of June 20, 1902, from William I. Buchanan to Exposition President David Francis, Buchanan expressed this sentiment as well as the overarching object of the exhibits – to encourage and increase visitorship by the viewing public: … and of course novelties and attractive exhibit features which will bring people within your gates are the essential things which are sought for and secured if your attendance is to be encouraged and built up. This consideration was particularly true with respect to the colonial exhibits.

Energetic efforts were made to include exhibits from the colonies of the European countries, and some of the most fascinating material in this archive relates to Colonial Africa. Documents from France demonstrate the efforts made to secure an exhibit from Madagascar and the Island of Reunion. A document prepared for Adolphus Busch presented the initial concept for the Anglo-Boer War Concession which was one of the most popular attractions at the Fair. The Prospectus of The Transvaal Military Spectacular Syndicate, Limited, states that the company was formed To reproduce at the World’s Universal Exposition, St. Louis, notable battles and incidents of the war raged between the Boers an the British in South Africa from 1899 to 1902 on a grand spectacular scale, and in the most realistic manner possible.

Furthermore These reproductions will be in charge of that very capable showman, Mr. Frank Fillis, whose abilities and fame are known throughout the world. Indeed, Frank Fillis, a well-known circus proprietor and artistic director, did produce the reenactments which featured a British army encampment, South African native villages, and major battles from the Second Boer War. Letters demonstrate that the exhibits from Colonial Africa were not just about providing fairgoers with a glimpse of faraway regions of the world, rather these exhibits were used to depict the inferiority of people of color and the superiority of the “civilized” Western world.

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Dorsey Loraine Mohun, he stated that his engagement with the Congo Free State (later known as Belgian Congo) was soon to expire and he did not care to return for another long term in the wilds of Africa. He writes Cridler looking for a position with the Exposition and suggested a possible exhibit: We might get a few pygmies, from the Congo. Cannibals of course would be amongst the Congo lot, as it would be impossible to bring natives from interior Africa without finding a large percentage of man eaters amongst them…. I am not proposing any dime Museum, or midway Plaisance sort of show. Make it a part of the Equatorial African Section, an integral part of the Exhibition itself. Perhaps as a result of Mohun’s suggestion, a Congolese pygmy known as Ota Benga was exhibited at the Fair along with other native Africans as part of an anthropology exhibit.

Letters to and from Exposition Management, Cridler, and diplomats in Morocco demonstrate the extraordinary effort made to secure a Moorish exhibit from Morocco, while simultaneously conveying the cultural superiority displayed by the diplomats. Morocco was at this time in a state of chaos, with rebels in open revolt against the Sultan.

Travel was exceedingly dangerous, particularly for Westerners, yet the hope was to visit the Sultan and personally compel him for a commitment to send an exhibit to the Fair. In a letter dated August 20, 1902, Cridler expressed his desire to secure a rare and interesting exhibit from Morocco. He recommended that engraved silver plates be prepared as gifts for their leaders because The Sultan is a young man, and, like his people, is affected by glitter and show. The Grand Vizier is really the power behind the throne, and by winning his favor a great deal is instantly accomplished. One month later in a September 29, 1902, letter to Secretary Walter B. Stevens, Cridler pressed the officers in St. Louis to accept a plan that would allow American Vice-Consul at Tangier James W. S. Langerman to undertake a dangerous journey to Fez to meet the Sultan. Cridler recalled and endorsed another diplomat’s comments regarding the propriety of sending a representative or mission to these interesting, but uncivilized, people of Africa, and as to the manner in which such representatives should go, with a proper escort and appropriate presents and gifts, in order to fully impress them. It is not possible to approach these people by methods recognized among civilized people. Ultimately, President Francis agreed to appoint Vice-Consul Langerman as Special Commissioner for the Fair to Morocco and to outfit him for a nearly 10 day journey through Morocco to meet the Sultan. Newspaper clippings as well as Langerman’s own letters in the archive describe this dangerous journey. He was provided an interpreter, armed guards for escort, tents, provisions, and the silver plates which had been engraved to His Majesty the Sultan of Morocco and another for His Excellency the Grand Vizier.

Documents relating to Morocco also detail a business plan ViceConsul Langerman conceived related to his interest in a rubber plantation in the French Congo. Langerman sent a copy of a Note in Support of Mr. Langerman’s Proposal to Cridler on August 30, 1902. This fascinating document of nearly ten pages outlined Langerman’s plan

GENERAL AMERICANA | Circus, Fairs & Expositions to import free African Americans from the Southern United States to French Congo to work on rubber plantations. His proposal states To employ European labour under the climatic conditions prevailing in Equatorial Africa is out of the question. Europeans can only act as supervisors or in some other administrative capacity. While native labor can be found in sufficient quantity in other Colonies, this cannot be said of the French Congo where it is of a most miserable kind. The indolence of the natives is such that even the prospect of high remuneration is unable to overcome their aversion to work. The proposal continues Must we conclude therefore, as many have done, that a portion of our Colonies is to be abandoned? No, such an idea cannot be entertained for one moment. The task of civilization, undertaken with common consent by the European nations who divided the various lands among themselves, is too great, too far advanced to allow of their receding from it now, whichever the obstacles which it pleased nature to place in the way, in the shape of climate or distance…. This document is one of many in the archive that shows clearly the racism and superiority felt by Cridler, the Exposition Management team, and more widely by the Western world towards their African and colonial counterparts.

While a mutual sense of Western superiority, a desire for exceptional exhibits, and a commitment to the success of the St. Louis World’s Fair were a unifying force amongst the Exposition Company and its Commissioners, Cridler’s correspondence makes it abundantly clear that there were some personal and professional rifts within the Company. Letters reveal rivalries between Commissioners and staff to receive recognition for their efforts as well as irritations with the chain of command. Cridler expressed his irritation when he felt that President Francis circumvented him or did not keep him in the loop on matters pertaining to Europe; this is a particular blow to Cridler because he believed he made extensive efforts to keep his superiors apprised on all developments in his field. Cridler often expressed frustration over not being given adequate credit for his accomplishments or, even worse, for others taking the credit for his hard work. In a June 25, 1903, letter to his friend Consul General Oliver J. D. Hughes, Cridler responded to remarks that President Francis was taking credit for European nations that had committed to participate in the World’s Fair: Governor Francis has that quality which appeals to people; he is a good worker and likes flattery. He is not indisposed either to permit people to say that he does the trick every time. He lives on that sort of fool. He likes it and the more he can get out of it the better he likes the man who feeds him. At times Cridler’s letters seem to reveal a wellcontained feeling of disdain for Francis cloaked beneath a polite and diplomatic veneer.

Another grouping of letters from March 1903 between the Exposition’s Representative in Paris, Palmer L. Bowen, and Cridler describe Bowen’s astonishment to hear that Cridler received a letter saying Bowen was not kindly disposed to him and had criticized Cridler’s character. Cridler responds that he had heard before his departure from America and upon arrival in Europe that Bowen had publicly made statements reflecting upon him in a poor light, and says further that I endeavor to treat all men honorably and hope I have the courage to speak for myself when I m called upon. I endeavored to be eminently fair to you and felt that when you knew me as I actually am, you would realize that you had been either unkind or misinformed. I hace [sic] invariably given you credit for good work in Switzerland simply because I felt that you deserved it. There is no jealousy in my makeup or desire to claim credit that justly belongs to another.

More enlightening, perhaps, than the personal relations of the Louisiana Purchase Exposition Company, are the personal stories and portraits of diplomacy woven throughout the letters in the archive.

Nearly every letter to Cridler references his wife “Mrs. Cridler” (Muriel), and his younger daughter Lilian, wishing them good health and calling upon Cridler to remember the writer to them. Cridler often wrote affectionately of his daughter, lauding her accomplishments in language and music. One correspondent, Robert Dooley, Consul at the remote outpost of Jamestown Island, St. Helena, asked Cridler in 1903 if he still collected stamps for Miss Lilian. Cridler responded that yes, She will be very glad to receive those to be issued by the postmaster of St. Helena. Indeed, that collection survives and is a part of the archive.

Cridler wrote too of personal business matters, including an abiding interest in the matter of Chinese immigration and a dubious business partnership with a German engineer.

Letters from diplomats around the world are contained within the archive. Many letters relay personal and diplomatic anecdotes from a consul, and express affection for Cridler whose past service in the State Department endeared him to many as a close friend and confidante. Diplomats who were unhappy in their post or in more remote locations had additional challenges, and often turned to Cridler for help in securing a new post. US Consul to Madagascar William Henry Hunt, one of the few African Americans in the American diplomatic corps at that time, wrote to Cridler in November 1903 saying that I should very much like to know how the oracles are usually worked for making or bringing about a change of Consulate…. The fact cannot be concealed that the Madagascar Consulate is not a bed of roses, either as regards climate, cost of living or social advantages; and it would be impossible to get married and bring an American wife here. Numerous documents in the archive recount intrigues relative to Cridler’s work at the Department of State. An unsigned Memorandum from May of 1900 relates a potential scandal threatening to envelope Cridler and the sender: Now, I think if the matter is kept perfectly still, just where it is, it will hang there, but if it goes any further it will become a public scandal, and we will both get into trouble in regard to it. As for myself, I do not care, it can not hurt me, but you can not afford to be dragged into this matter…. You must recollect that you have a great many enemies and I also, and they are jealous of you and jealous of me; they want to get at me or at you, and they will “make Rome howl” for both of us. Another document, dated April 16, 1902, contains the sworn statement of A. C. Baker, Commander US Navy and Assistant Chief, Department for Transportation Exhibits, and relates an ongoing feud between Cridler and the shipbuilding lobbyist Col. Nathaniel McKay: …in a conversation with Col. Nathaniel McKay, he stated that he had instituted a suit against Thomas W. Cridler for a loan of $5,000; that the loan was handed to Cridler in $500 bills and deposited by him in a bank. He stated that during the progress of the Santo Domingo claim he had frequently given Mr. Cridler money – several hundred dollars at a time; that Mr. Cridler whenever a payment came in from the Santo Domingo Government, always wanted one-half of it. That some time before the suit was instituted he had written Mr. Cridler a letter in which he had said that he would not consider any more demands for money, but that he would report him and have him turned out of office.

Despite hints of intrigue and possible conspiracy, the overwhelming portrait of Cridler as evidenced in the archive is of a man who cared deeply about his country, his family, and his work on behalf of the St. Louis World’s Fair. Cridler was careful, tactful, attentive to detail, and considerate of local customs and sensitivities. He was diplomatic to his core, possessing keen political instincts and capably manipulating situations to the Exposition’s benefit. It is clear that as far as his work on behalf of the Louisiana Purchase Exposition was concerned, Cridler believed that failure was not an option. Correspondents regularly lauded Cridler for his excellent work both past and present. For his part, it seems Cridler did not believe he was recognized for his efforts, at one point telling a friend in Chicago, All that will come to me out of this hard work is a little credit, and even that will not be given to me unless I give it to myself.

Taken as a whole the archive paints a portrait of an American country and an American people on the rise. This was in contrast to a Europe that was increasingly fractious, and, in some cases, becoming progressively unstable. By 1900 the United States was an industrial, economic, cultural, and military power, and the backers of the Louisiana Purchase Exposition wished to project this to the world. The enormously ambitious endeavor that was the St. Louis World’s Fair is embodied in this archive, along with a palpable pride in America and a sense that the United States was just starting to realize its true greatness and possibility.

Francis, David R. The Universal Exposition of 1904. St. Louis: Louisiana Purchase Exposition Company, 1913. www.mohistory.org/exhibits/Fair/WF/HTML/Overview $8,000 - $12,000

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TRANSPORTATION | The Birth of Aviation 520 Fabulous Wright Brothers Collection of Over 200 Postcards, Including Real Photo Postcards Lot includes 209 postcards, 15 covers, and the book The Wright Brothers Legacy, by Burton & Findsen (Harry N. Abrams, Inc., 2003), signed by author Walter Burton, which contains images of many of the items included in the lot, which were also exhibited at the Dayton Art Institute and Virginia Air & Space Center in 2003 and 2004.

Of the postcards, approximately 51 are real photo postcards, including: views of the Wrights and the various Wright Flyers, views of other aviators including Charles de lambert, Theodor Schauenburg, Henry Nelson Atwood, J. Clifford Turpin, Walter R. Brookins, William Starling Burgess, The last flight of the Hon. C.S. Rolls, Rodgers, Welsh, George Gray, Archibald Hoxsey (including a lithographed view with Theodore Roosevelt), and a 1911 composite featuring six of The Most Prominent Aviators of the Day; celebrations for the Wrights, including a photo of the reception at their home upon their arrival in Dayton in 1909; monuments to the Wrights in Dayton and Kitty Hawk; a 1911 plane crash near Bloomington, IN; a view of North Island Aviation School, San Diego; and more.

Chromolithographed cards mostly American and French, with a few German and British examples, commemorating specific aviators, aircraft, and events, as well as general greetings with early aviation themes and imagery. Also included is a watercolor postcard of a flyer painted by a Parisian student and postmarked Dec. 9, 1909. The covers are all first-day-canceled examples of stamps honoring the Wright Brothers and their famous flight, ca 1929, 1939, 1943, 1949, and 1978. A rare “Fiffi” flying paper toy is also included, along with its original envelope and instructions.

The Walter Burton Aviation Collection $4,000 - $6,000

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TRANSPORTATION | The Birth of Aviation 521 Wright Brothers Versus Glenn Curtiss, Printed Depositions, 1910-1914 This appears to be Vol. III of court transcripts in the ongoing lawsuits between the Wright Co. and Curtiss, et al. over early design features of “fliers.” The 7.5 x 11 in. volume has a later (handmade?) cover; most pages have 3 holes punched in them along the bound side. the index page is heavily soiled, as if this were the original outer wrapper. There are also two schematic drawings of biplanes with no page numbers or plate numbers, etc.

The Wright Brothers spent years defending the patent they had received in 1906 for their method of flight control. They sued anyone and everyone, even overseas companies. It has been suggested that this “patent war” stalled the development of aviation for years.

The issues were not resolved until the first World War, when the government desperately needed airplanes. The great irony, in 1929 Curtiss-Wright Corporation was formed by the merger of these two former litigants.

This volume is the Complainant’s evidence, that is, the Wright claim to the design. It begins at page 1569, 1729-1747 are missing, then 1771 is followed by 2134-2183.

The Walter Burton Aviation Collection $500 - $800

522 Vin Fiz, Original Promotional Slip, Greetings from the Sky Scarce, printed slip that was dropped from the Vin Fiz Flyer during its promotional flights across the United States in 1911, 2 x 4 in. One side of the slip states: Greetings from the Sky/ Rodgers in the Vin Fiz Flyer/ From New York to Los Angeles for Hearst/ $50,000 Ocean to Ocean Flight; reverse side with advertisement for Vin Fiz, The Ideal Grape Drink, and Cockcroft Ptg. Co., NY imprint.

The Vin Fiz was an early Wright Brothers Model EX pusher biplane that became the first aircraft to fly across the United States, coast-to-coast, in 1911. The journey, which took approx. three months to complete, was piloted by aviation pioneer, Calbraith Perry Rodgers (1879-1912). $700 - $1,000

523 Wiley Post, the First Pilot to Fly Solo Around the World, Signed Photograph, Plus Sepia-toned photograph, 7.75 x 9.5 in., of Post sitting on top of his aircraft. Inscribed and signed in the upper right. Also included is a larger image (just under 11 x 14 in.) of refueling the “Winnie Mae” at Blatchford Field (Edmonton) on the last leg of his round-the-world solo flight - July 1933.

In 1930 the record for a flight around the world was held by the Graf Zepplin, not a fixed-wing aircraft. Wiley Post decided to challenge the record. He and his navigator, Harold Gatty, left Roosevelt Field on Long Island, NY on June 23, 1931. They returned on July 1 in a record 8 days, 15 hours and 51 minutes.

Post then improved his plane, installing an autopilot and radio direction finder, and in 1933, repeated the flight solo, the first person to do so. After accomplishing that milestone, he worked to explore high-altitude long-distance flight. Since cabins could not be pressurized, they worked to develop a pressure suit. He attempted four high-altitude non-stop flights from Los Angeles to New York, but ran into mechanical issues each time. His death in 1935 precluded any further attempts. $500 - $700

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TRANSPORTATION | The Birth of Aviation 524 Charles Lindbergh, Signed Photograph of the Spirit of St. Louis, by R.D. Genin Silver gelatin photograph, 7.25 x 11 in., of the “Spirit of St. Louis” taken by R.D. Genin of St. Paul, MN at the Milwaukee airport in 1927.

The consignor relates that the photograph was signed by Charles Lindbergh, April 21, 1969, at a dinner held in Lindbergh’s honor, sponsored by the Airline Pilots Association. The signing took place in the Crystal Room of the Sheraton Carlton Hotel in Washington, DC. The photograph is framed with a double mat, 12.25 x 15.25 in. $800 - $1,500

525 World War I Aviator, Frederick Wyllys Caldwell, Killed in Plane Crash, Archive of Diaries, Photographs, & Medals 35 items, including insignia/buttons.

Frederick Wyllys Caldwell (1892-1921) came from a long line of servicemen, stretching back to the French and Indian War, so it was little surprise when he enlisted in the U.S. Army Aviation Service in 1917.

Attending ground school at MIT, he qualified as aerial observer at Langley Field, aerial gunner at Taliaferro Field, and received his pilot’s license (#2278) on Sept. 22, 1918, after attending flight school at Love Field, Dallas, TX. His flying skill was such that he was assigned as a flight instructor, returning to Taliaferro Field at Ft. Worth, TX. After serving in the 48th Aero Squadron, he was assigned special flight duty in the Panama Canal Zone in 1919. He transferred to the Air Service Signal Reserve Corps in September 1919 after his tour of duty, and purchased a hydroplane to give tourist flights at Lake Chautauqua, NY. On Aug. 31, 1921, Caldwell took his visiting sister on a flight around the lake, and after dropping her off at the train station, returned to his aircraft to take two tourists up. It was during this flight that the plane nosed down and crashed into the lake near Bemus Point, killing the pilot. His passengers were able to survive by clinging to the wreckage of the plane until help arrived.

This archive includes two diaries by Caldwell. The first covers Dec. 1, 1917, to May 21, 1918, then resumes March 27, 1919, in Panama and ends June 26, 1919. The first section chronicles Caldwell’s journey from basic training, through flight school, to becoming an officer and pilot in the U.S. Army Air Service. From KP duty to the hazards of flight school at Love Field (where at least two planes a day seem to break down or get damaged by students).

The section covering Caldwell’s 1919 service as an Army pilot in Panama sounds like a pretty nice billet for a young single man ? flying, boating, hunting, trips to the beach, and nights on the town. The diary also offers plenty of reminders that only eleven years had passed since the U.S. Army had bought its first airplane from the Wright brothers.

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The Curtis N-9 seaplanes are often out of service, and pilots scramble for flight time in the DeHavilland DH4 or other auxiliary craft.

The second journal begins Aug. 1, 1921, with the entry Left Cleveland at 7:20 AM. Waldameer 8:15. Land in dark and alas in very rough sea.

Lucky we got out of this alive. This journal records Caldwell’s career as seaplane barnstormer on Lake Chautauqua near the tourist site of Bemus Point, the fares (or lack thereof ), the weather, and dealing with the daily quirks of a cantankerous aircraft.

The last entry was on Aug. 28, three days before his death: Get up at 8 o’clock. Bill and I fly up to the point. Have trouble with motor. No pep & overheating. Started to look for drowned boy but had more trouble and had to take back. Left ship at Bemus Point. Come down with Sullivan and get the covers. Go back and listen to Gilliland’s Band. Slick music.

TRANSPORTATION | The Birth of Aviation Both diaries give a strong sense of Caldwell’s strength of character and fortitude.

Other items in this archive include Caldwell’s U.S. Army Air Service wings and insignia, a “sweetheart pin” of USAAS wings, and a Blue Star Air Service pin that his mother or father would have worn during the war to denote a son flying for Uncle Sam. Also included is a large framed portrait of Caldwell in uniform, showing a strong, handsome man; a real photo postcard of Caldwell and his father, with the senior Caldwell sitting at the controls of a flying boat; and a photo of Caldwell in uniform driving a convertible.

Caldwell’s diplomas from ground school, certification as aerial observer and gunner, commission as 2nd Lieut. in the Aviation Section of the Signal Corps, his discharge papers as well as 1920 military ID and pilot’s license issued by the Aero Club of America in 1918 bear witness to his service (the Aero Club licensed military pilots in WWI). Other interesting items are his certificate of induction into the Freemasons while attending flight school at Love Field, and a handwritten wartime account of his ancestors who had served their country, from Fort Ticonderoga in the French and Indian War, to the Revolution, Mexican War, and Civil War (his grandfather was a Commodore under Farragut). $1,000 - $1,500

TRANSPORTATION | Watercraft

526 White Star / Lusitania, Poster by Fred Pansing, 1910 Poster, approx. 33 x 45.5 in. (sight), with credit to Fred Pansing in the print at lower left, and to American Lithographic Co. in the lower margin. Housed in wood frame, 37.5 x 50 in. overall. Frame obscures bold text Cunard Line in the lower margin. $2,000 - $3,000

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WESTERN AMERICANA | Indian Wars | Photography 527 General Henry B. Carrington, Commander during the Fetterman Massacre, Autographed CDV Albumen carte of Henry Beebee Carrington in uniform, ink signed along the vertical edge on verso Henry B. Carrington, U.S.A., with E.P. & Wm. Kellogg, Hartfort, CT backmark.

Henry B. Carrington (1824–1912) was a Civil War General and Commander of troops massacred by Sioux Indians under Chief Red Cloud, known as “The Fetterman Massacre.”

Carrington graduated Yale in 1845 and moved to Ohio to practice law with William Dennison, Jr. (later Civil War Governor of Ohio and US Postmaster General under Lincoln).

He helped organize the Republican Party in Ohio in 1854.

When the Civil War began, Carrington, then Judge Advocate General of Ohio, was commissioned Colonel of the 18th U.S. Infantry. He was appointed Brigadier General in 1863.

Following the war, he served out West and was assigned to protect the Bozeman Trail. He constructed a series of forts, including Fort Phil Kearny, which he personally built, to protect the trail. Carrington was not popular with his men or fellow officers, as being too cautious in following up on Indian depredations. In December 1866, a force of up to 1,500 Indians attacked a wood-cutting detail from his fort. Sensing a trap, Carrington reluctantly agreed to let Captain William Fetterman, a cocky officer who was one of Carrington’s chief detractors, take 80 men to pursue the Indians.

He ordered Fetterman not to pursue them too far from the fort.

Fetterman disobeyed and his force was lured into an ambush where they were slaughtered with no survivors. According to one account, Fetterman and his second in command, when they realized they were to be captured, simultaneously shot each other in the head - and this after an earlier boast by Fetterman that he could defeat 2,000 Indians with just 80 men. Carrington was relieved of command

verso

pending an investigation. He was eventually exonerated. However, due to Fetterman’s popularity, coupled with distrust of Carrington’s leadership, his military career was effectively ruined. He retired from active service in 1870. Afterwards, Carrington taught military science at Wabash College, and married the widow of one of the officers killed in the Fetterman massacre. In 1873, he returned West and was instrumental in drafting a treaty with the Flathead Indians of Montana in 1889. He also authored a number of historical works. $500 - $700

528 Capt. John C. Carroll, 32nd US Infantry, KIA with Apaches Near, Fort Bowie, Arizona Fine full-length portrait in dress uniform by Bradley & Rulofson of San Francisco, signed on verso Yours Truly, J.C. Carroll, 32nd Infantry / April 19, 1867. John Cuthbert Carroll (1843-1867) was born in LaRue County, KY, the birthplace of Abraham Lincoln, and enlisted in Co. F, 15th Kentucky Infantry (US) as a first sergeant. He was promoted to captain of Co. K on January 1, 1863, the same day Lincoln issued the Emancipation Proclamation. Upon mustering out, he accepted a commission as second lieutenant in the 14th US Infantry, and was promoted to first lieutenant on February 23, 1866. That September, Lt. Carroll was then transferred to the 32nd US Infantry and posted to Fort Bowie, Arizona Territory, to take part in the campaign against the Apaches. On November 5, 1867, Carroll and mail carrier John Slater, a veteran of the 5th California Infantry, rode off from the fort in pursuit of Apaches who were attempting to steal Army horses, and were ambushed and killed just beyond Apache Pass. $250 - $350 verso

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WESTERN AMERICANA | Indian Wars | Photography

529 Fort D.A. Russell, Wyoming Territory, Rare Pencil Drawing, Ca 1869-1870 Pencil drawing titled at bottom Fort D.A. Russell W.T./ from the SouthEast, initialed lower right J.B.G. del. 5.5 x 9.75 in., mounted to paper board, 8.25 x 11 in. Ca 1867-1870.

This highly detailed depiction of Fort D.A. Russell, Wyoming Territory, comes from a collection of material related to the US Military’s presence in the west, which was compiled by Charles Henry Alden (1836-1906). A Mayflower descendant, Alden was commissioned an Asst. Surgeon for the US Army Medical Staff on June 23, 1860 and served at various stations in New Mexico. At the outbreak of the Civil War, Alden was captured on July 27, 1861 together with a large portion of the 7th Infantry by Confederate forces at San Augustine Springs, NM. He was paroled, and over the next year served at POW camps at Fort Leavenworth, Jefferson Barracks, and Rouse’s Point, NY. Once his parole expired, Alden served at various locations throughout

the remainder of the war, and was brevetted Major and Lt. Colonel in March of 1865 for his “faithful and meritorious service.” In June 1865, he was advanced to the grade of Captain of regular corps, and again advanced in July 1866 to Major.

From the 1860s-1890s, Alden was stationed at a number of posts throughout the west, including Fort D.A. Russell, Fort Yates (Standing Rock Agency), and a number of Oregon and Washington posts. This rare drawing of Fort D.A. Russell likely dates to 1867-1870, which corresponds with the period of time that Alden was there. In 1867, he had been transferred to duty with the 30th Infantry, which was in Wyoming protecting the builders of the Union Pacific Railroad.

He served as part of this duty as well as Fort D.A. Russell over the next three years. (Information obtained from the US Army Medical Department, Office of Medical History website, May 10, 2014.) $2,500 - $4,500

530 Indian Chiefs and U.S. Officials, Including Wm. F. Cody, at Wounded Knee, Photograph by Grabill Silver gelatin photograph, 7.625 x 9.25 in., titled in the negative No. 3630 - Indian Chiefs and U.S. Officials / Taken at Pine Ridge Jan. 16, ‘91. Photo and copyright by Grabill, 1891, Deadwood, S.D., with identifications of the sixteen subjects, including Sioux chiefs Two Strike, Crow Dog, Short Bull, High Hawk, Two Lance, Kicking Bear, Good Voice, Thunder Hawk, Rocky Bear, Young Man Afraid of His Horse, American Horse, and white men William F. Cody, Maj. J.M. Burke, J.C. Craiger, J. McDonald, and J.G. Worth. Verso with Grabill, Chicago handstamp. Buffalo Bill Cody was involved in the prelude to the events at Wounded Knee. Being a friend of Sitting Bull, Cody was asked by the U.S. government to go to him and convince him that resistance was futile.

The Rick Mach Collection of Civil War & Western Photography $800 - $1,000

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WESTERN AMERICANA | Indian Wars | Photography 531 Alexander Gardner, Fort Laramie Treaty, 1868, Thirty-Two Stereoviews with Manuscript Titles in Gardner’s Hand Alexander Gardner. Fort Laramie Treaty. 1868. 32 albumen stereoviews. Images of Native Americans from the Arapaho, Northern Cheyenne, Crow, and the Brule, Oglala and Miniconjou Dakota, each at Fort Laramie. On verso of each card, inked manuscript number and title in Gardner’s hand. This set is exceptional in its clarity and importance.

The Treaty of Fort Laramie was signed in 1868, and guaranteed the Lakota ownership of the Black Hills in Wyoming Territory. The purpose of the negotiations was to end Indian hostilities between white settlers and miners traveling the Bozeman Trail in parts of Wyoming and Montana. Gardner witnessed and documented the event. Working for the US Government Peace Commission, he was the only photographer present. Gardner, missing the actual signing of the treaty, focused on the people and the following events.

On May 10, he photographed the negotiations between the Cheyenne and Arapaho, including Man Afraid of His Horses smoking pipe - according to some historians, the only known image of this important ritual (see Fleming 1991: 102-103). Fleming notes that of the 200 negatives produced of the treaty negotiations, about 100 were stereoscopic, and of these, 54 were of Native American subjects. Considered in this context, the collection offered here is remarkable. Twenty-five of the images are of various scenes depicting Native Americans, including four images of the council tipi of Man Afraid of His Horses. The famous published image showing him smoking the pipe is present (labeled No. 88 1/2), along with another image apparently taken immediately beforehand (No. 88). Fleming states, “The image of Man Afraid of His Horses is, as far as I know (and haven’t had any other viable candidate in all my years of research and working with Native American photography) the ONLY known photo of the ritual smoking of a peace pipe among the Native Americans in the 19th century.”

Eight views show Crow attendees, including one of a mounted chief.

Cheyenne and Arapaho images include a full-standing view of Little Wolf, one of the principle chiefs of the Northern Cheyenne, and a signatory to the treaty; there are several images of Indian guides and interpreters as well as the Peace Commissioners, including one showing William Tecumseh Sherman treating with Indians.

The negatives for these images were exposed between late April and early May 1868, at Fort Laramie, WY. Gardner, working in a volunteer capacity for a US Government Peace Commission, was the only photographer on the scene to record the events of this important treaty between Washington and representatives of the Arapaho, Northern Cheyenne, Crow, and the Brule, Oglala and Miniconjou Dakota. $60,000 - $75,000 4 of 32

detail of Gardner’s verso inscription

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20 of 32

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WESTERN AMERICANA | Indian Wars | Photography 532 S.E. “Comanche Jack” Stilwell, Cabinet Card Photograph A cabinet card of Simpson E. Stilwell, aka “Comanche Jack,” posed beside an unidentified army scout, by C.S. Fly, Tombstone, Arizona Territory. The photograph features the two army scouts, one standing with an 1876 Winchester carbine, the other with an 1873 Winchester rifle. Both are wearing across-the-shoulder bandoleers, and each have holstered Colt single action pistols on their belts. Born in Iowa, Stilwell (1850-1903) would go on to become a U.S. army scout, lawman, and judge, before settling down in Cody, WY. The Rick Mach Collection of Civil War & Western Photography $2,500 - $3,500

533 U.S. Naval Academy, Annapolis Midshipmen, Photographic Portrait Collection, 1870-1894 Remarkable and extensive archive of photographic portraits of Annapolis midshipmen taken between 1870 and 1894, consisting of 237 wet and dry-plate negatives, many accompanied by vintage photographic prints (approx. 145). Size, 5 x 8 in. The portraits are the work of F.M. Zuller, a professional photographer from the Naval Academy, Annapolis, MD. The collection was acquired from the direct descendants of Levin Handy, who was the nephew and successor to the noted Civil War photographer, Mathew Brady.

Most of the subjects are identified by name and class date and exhibit a variety of Naval Academy uniforms and accoutrements, including dress swords. Doubtless many of these young men became prominent U.S. Navy officers during the Spanish American War and World War I. Of special interest are portraits of Annapolis sports team members, including baseball and fencing, a view of the boat basin in the Severn River with midshipmen in boats, midshipmen drilling on parade ground, etc.

A detailed inventory of the contents of the collection is available upon request. $3,000 - $6,000 268

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WESTERN AMERICANA | Indian Wars | Photography 534 West Point, 1884, Collection of Photographs Including Notable Indian Wars Officers & CMOH Recipients Set of 110 photographs from the West Point graduating class of 1884. Although the photographs were removed from Cadet C.E. Dentler’s West Point album, which was taken apart over 40 years ago, the images remain in very good to near excellent condition overall, with many still housed in the original page mounting. The collection is comprised of 39 portraits of cadets, each ink identified on album page; 40 portraits of instructors, the majority identified on album page; 7 loose cabinet photographs of unidentified officers; 23 loose photographs, each approx. 7 x 9 in., providing views of the class of 1884, drills, buildings, grounds, and scenery of West Point; and a loose cabinet card titled Officers’ Quarters. Fort Douglas.

Notable cadets and instructors pictured in the collection include: Powhatan Henry Clarke, who later won the Medal of Honor during the Geronimo Campaign in Sonora, Mexico.

E.S. Godfrey, who commanded Company K during the hilltop fight at the Little Big Horn. Awarded the Medal of Honor for his actions at Bear Paw Mountain, MT where he was seriously wounded.

Edward Casey, the commander of one of two units of Indian scouts in the entire United States military. His was raised at Fort Keogh and consisted primarily of Northern Cheyenne. On January 7, 1892, Casey met his demise at Wounded Knee, leading a column of Indian scouts sent from Fort Keogh to help quell the dangerous situation on the Rosebud Reservation.

Edward John McClernand, awarded the Medal of Honor for “most distinguished gallantry in action against Nez Perces Indians.”

Served in the Santiago Campaign, Spanish-American War, and later in the Philippines during the Insurrection there.

Hiram Chittenden, graduate of West Point, Seattle District Engineer for the Army Corps of Engineers, best known as a leading historian of the American West, especially the fur trade. $2,500 - $3,500

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WESTERN AMERICANA | Indian Wars | Autographs & Manuscripts Kenton Harper was the sort of remarkable man that the 19th century produced in seeming abundance. Born the son of newspaperman in Chambersburg, PA, in 1801, Harper was working as a printer in town when he made the decision to purchase his own newspaper in Staunton, VA, and to relocate there in 1823. By any reckoning, it was a good career move. An ambitious young man, he parlayed his success in publishing into social power, winning election to the state legislature and as mayor of Staunton, and reaping the rewards with patronage appointments from friends in the capitol. He fulfilled his military duty as well, first in the Mexican American War and then in the Confederacy Army, rather than Union, during the Civil War. Having carried a Major Generals’ commission in the pre-war militia, Harper was appointed Brigadier General in the Virginia Provisional Army and was given command of the 5th Virginia Infantry, with the rank of Colonel in the Confederate States Army, which became one of the stalwart regiments in the famed Stonewall Brigade. Kenton barely outlived the war. A book entitled Kenton Harper of Virginia: Editor, Citizen, Soldier, by Thomas Tabb Jeffries, III, (Augusta Co. Historical Society) was just published in 2013 and provides an invaluable look at Harper’s numerous accomplishments as a political leader, editor, soldier, and Indian agent.

Smart, ambitious, and well conscious of his political connections, Harper was also a conscientious man when it came to fulfilling his patronage roles, and in that regard, one appointment stands out above the others. In 1851-1852, Harper played a brief, but fascinating, part in the development of the Chickasaw Nation, accepting an appointment as agent to the tribe. One of the Five Civilized Tribes of the southeast, the Chickasaws were a vibrant tribe occupying lands centered in current-day northern Mississippi, but with the expansion of white settlers in the first decades of the 19th century, they were subject to a brutal ethnic cleansing sparked by the Indian Removal Act of 1830. Following the Choctaw (1831), Seminoles (1832), and Creeks (1834), the Chickasaws were forced to relocate westward in 1837, following the Trail of Tears.

Unlike the other civilized tribes, the Chickasaw received some financial compensation for the lands they were forced to surrender east of the Mississippi, and at the Treaty of Doaksville in 1837, they agreed to lease the western portion of the Choctaw land in Oklahoma and settle there.

Placed administratively under the Choctaw for purposes of the US government and granted representation on the Choctaw Council, the Chickasaws soon felt the need to regain their cultural independence and political sovereignty. Their leadership began developing their own constitution at a council held at Boiling Springs in 1846, expanding the document in 1846 and amending it further in 1849 and 1851, all while engaged in a complex bit of diplomacy with federal authorities and Choctaw alike to secure their independence. The new Chickasaw nation formally ratified their new constitution in August 1856.

Lots 535-540 relate to the legacy of Kenton Harper and the negotiations that led to the formation of the modern Chickasaw nation.

535 Kenton Harper, Presidential Appointment Signed by Millard Fillmore & Daniel Webster 1p, 11.5 x 15.5 in., partially printed appointment signed by Millard Fillmore and Daniel Webster (Sec. of State, 1850-1852). The document reads in part: “Know Ye, That reposing special trust and confidence in the Patriotism, Integrity and Abilities of Kenton Harper I have nominated, and by and with the advice and consent of the Senate, do appoint him to be Agent for the Indian tribes East of the Rocky Mountains and North of New Mexico and Texas, and do authorize and empower him to execute and fulfil the duties of that Office according to Law, and to have and to hold the said Office, with all the power, privileges, and emoluments, thereunto legally appertaining, unto him, the said Kenton Harper, for the term of four years, from and after the thirtieth day of June next.” Dated 12 March 1851.

Also included is a franked envelope from the Treasury Department addressed to “Kenton Harper Esq. / Ind. Agent / Staunton, Virginia.” $1,000 - $1,500

536 Kenton Harper, Regulations Concerning the Granting of Licenses to Trade with the Indians, Broadside 2pp, approx. 7.75 x 10 in., printed instructions from the War Department about the granting of licenses, and examples of their form, as approved in Nov. 1847. The regulations lay out basic principles, such as “Licenses to trade with the Indians, will be granted only to citizens of the United States, of unexceptional character, and who are fit persons to be in Indian Country.” It goes on to outline what information is needed to obtain a license, how it may be renewed (they were only issued for one year), and that it can be revoked at any time if the agent finds evidence that laws or regulations governing trade with Indians has been transgressed. $500 - $700

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WESTERN AMERICANA | Indian Wars | Autographs & Manuscripts

537 Kenton Harper, Correspondence Primarily From Alex H.H. Stuart, Washington, D.C., Regarding Indian Affairs 27 items. 1851-1856.

The items offered in this lot document the political maneuvering through which Kenton Harper secured his appointment as Indian agent. Offering rich insight into the process of political patronage and the expectations that an office brought with it, these letters are equally important for what they say about life in Washington as they are for life in the Chickasaw nation.

Among the 27 items in this lot are six highly significant letters from Alexander H. H. Stuart, a fellow Virginian, former congressman, and Washington insider who served as US Secretary of the Interior in the administration of President Millard Fillmore (1850-1853). Beginning in March 1851, this lot chronicles Harper’s progression from Washington to Fort Washita, Indian Territory, and back.

Stuart’s letters begin March, 1851, when Harper was considering the offer to become Chickasaw agent. Stuart informed Harper that while he had been approved for the post, he had not been granted the services of a clerk to assist him, but added that there could a sweetener: My impression however is, that if your sons were licensed as traders, & were to take a stock of a few thousand dollars worth of goods into the Indian Country, they could soon make a fortune.

In the second letter, Stuart spells out the inducements to becoming Indian agent further, noting that Harper can expect an excellent house at his new post, a fine farm, a site near a fort for good society, and a good cash market for all your crops. Tellingly, Stuart added: The commissioner (who is a first rate gentleman) informs me that the last agent not only raised his own supplies, but made more money by the farm than from his salary, and in case Harper thought the position might expire when the political tides in Washington changed, Stuart assured him that he could work his Democratic political connections (he noted that he was a friend of Cass, Douglass, and Dickinson) to keep Harper in office regardless of who was President. The specifics of Harper’s duties were spelled out on April 7: The Agent is practically the regulator of every thing within their agency – He nominates all the traders & employees, & has power to suspend all of them. Of course there is a supervisory power in the head of the Bureau, to correct any tyrannical or improper exercise of power by the Agent — But it is just such a power as I exercise over the Bureaus in my Department, & as the President exercises over the heads of Departments. It is obvious that such a power must be reserved in the Executive, or the Indians & the traders & employees, would be at the mercy of an unworthy Agent... Much, much more.

When Harper finally took up his post in Fort Washita in October, however, he discovered that Stuart’s rose-tinted glasses did not fit him Oklahoma reality. In a long, seven page letter, Stuart apologized profusely, saying in part: I regret exceedingly that your position falls so far short of our expectations – I was quite as much deceived as you were, or I should have been as averse to offering, as you to accepting the place.

I have however given directions to the Comr. of Indian Affairs to go as far as the law will allow, if not a little further, towards relieving you from some of your difficulties & annoyances... The letter goes on to discuss the coming of Whigs into power in Washington and to parse politics generally: We anticipate an animated session [of Congress], & probably an excited one, as it immediately precedes the Presidential election, & all parties will seek to make the greatest possible amount of capital by commotion & recrimination...

Also in this lot is a copy of a letter from the Chickasaw Commissioners in Washington dated May 1852, in which they discuss their long term strategy to win sovereignty from the Choctaws. The Commissioners write that they are seeking to effect an adjustment of their existing difficulties with the Choctaws, and secure the future amity of the two tribes by placing each under a government of its own, [they] feel constrained to bring to your notice the present posture of affairs in regard to this latter branch of their duties, and to ask, more earnestly, but respectfully, your friendly interposition... The terms of the agreement between the tribes, they write, specifies that matters should run through the Choctaws unless a disagreement should arise, in which case the Chickasaws could appeal to the president as final arbiter: The Commissioners have anxiously sought an adjustment of their difficulties with the Choctaws by negotiation but their proposition has been declined and they have been arbitrarily required to make their complaints to the “Choctaw Agent,” as the umpire provided by the Treaty between them. To this the Chickasaw Commissioners submitted – not that they were satisfied the reference was proper, but only because it was in conformity to the language of the Treaty; and they wished to raise no obstacle in the way of an adjustment.

They do not believe it was designed to make the Agent of one party exclusively the umpire. At the time of the treaty the Choctaw Agent was also Superintendent, and it was doubtless in reference to this latter character, as one having a common care over both tribes, that the officer was designated...

Finally, the collection includes several letters regarding Harper’s efforts to settle his accounts for services as agent to the Chickasaws. $1,000 - $1,500

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WESTERN AMERICANA | Indian Wars | Autographs & Manuscripts 538 Kenton Harper, Correspondence from the Chickasaw Nation 6 items. 1852-1853.

The six items in this lot represent affairs in the (future) Chickasaw nation during Harper’s time as agent. Written at a time when the Chickasaws were struggling peacefully for their independence and facing occasional raids from tribes, particularly the Comanche, the letters reveal the rough-hewn nature of the settlements and the Chickasaw’s continuing efforts to adjust to their western home.

Lemuel Gooding ALS to Kenton Harper, 3p., Fort Washita, Chickasaw Nation, May 30, 1852: writing to Harper who had just returned to Washington, D.C. I believe everything is going on in peace and harmony with the Natives, and the prospects now before the people is very flattering for a fruitful season, which may God grant for there is now a great scarcity of corn, but I trust no suffering as we have all endeavored to keep supplies of Flour & Bacon &c. it has been quite healthy in the District [Chickasaw District of the Choctaw nation], and but few deaths...

The Light Horsemen are very vigilant and are spilling some whiskey. Mr George James is appointed Captain of the Horsemen, and a Chickasaw by the name of Wm Parker has lately been appointed, and sworn into office.

I think with the zeal that they have commenced with if carried out will do much to put that evil down. Your friends at the Garrison are well, and often enquire for you... Mr Vance has gone out on a trip to the Prairies with Major Humphries on a trading expedition. I wish them success...

First sheet (4p.) of letter, no signature, Fort Washita, June 26, 1852: We regret to learn from [Mr. Dyer] that it is still uncertain whether you will return to the Chickasaw Agency. As far as I can judge the Chickasaws are desirous that you should return. They have confidence in your efforts in their behalf, and begin to see that self-interest is not the governing motive with you and wish to know when you will return. The merchants certainly are anxious for your return. They felt that their rights are protected in your care, and as a matter of course are particularly pleased, with your views as to the place & manner of paying the funds which are the principal support of their business... The agency premises look as natural as ever except being a little more gloomy. The walk from the dwelling to the office is overgrown with groves, and the door of the later being constantly closed gives it rather a forbidding appearance. The garden has been neglected somewhat, but furnishes us nevertheless with an abundance of vegetables. The fruit is totally destroyed by frost.... Much more on the agency, merchants, comings and goings, and the letter ends: The Comanches threaten to put our Government to some trouble. They have stolen a great many mules and it is thought not unlikely they will make an attack on one of the posts on the Brazos....

AJ Smith to Harper, Chickasaw Agency, Dec. 8, 1852: Smith writes that he has received the package containing the treaty from the Commissioner of Indian Affairs I will commence paying the annuity on the third Monday in this month at the agency as I have no doubt but that it is the proper place as there were no disturbances or broils. I will have a great trouble with the whiskey smugglers I apprehend, for in spite of vigilance it will find its way in some shape or other & I begin to suspect that the sarsparilla manufacturers and other quacks are making very spirited demonstrations in the way of nostrums & king alcohol missed as

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I have been told that a good dose of Sands sarsparilla will intoxicate an Indian – of course the quacks dont mean any harm, but I think it will be well enough to inform them that the sarsparilla will keep in the climate without quite so much spirits...

A large printed form Abstract of disbursements filled in by Harper for annuities paid to the Chickasaw nation for their national debt, March 1852.

The collection also includes two small documents: one transmitting accounts from Fort Washita to Harper in Washington, the other with a clipped set of signatures (apparently copies, not the actual signatures themselves) from a treaty signed by Edmund Pickens (signed with a mark), B. S. Love, and Sampson Folsom, Commissioners for the Chickasaws. $600 - $800

WESTERN AMERICANA | Indian Wars | Autographs & Manuscripts 539 Kenton Harper, Letter from Chickasaw Tribal Leaders Welcoming Harper, May 19, 1851 Chickasaw Delegation LS to Kenton Harper, US Agent for the Chickasaws, Washington, D.C., 1p., May 19, 1851.

A superb letter to Harper from three Chickasaw delegates visiting Washington, D.C., reading: We are now making preparation to leave for our homes this evening, and would be happy to have the opportunity to accompany you into our Country & introduce you to our friends and acquaintances... We would be pleased to have you become acquainted with our tried friend, Hon. Jacob Thompson of Miss., who will be in Memphis about that time.

The men who signed this letter are three noteworthy figures in Chickasaw diplomacy during the years they struggled for autonomy. Dougherty “Winchester” Colbert (b. 1810) was a key Chickasaw diplomat of the period and active in organization of the Chickasaw nation in 1856. He was elected the nation’s second governor in 1858-1860 and served for a second period during the Civil War (1862-1866). Colbert was also a signatory to the agreement aligning Chickasaws with Confederate forces.

Second, Sampson Folsom (1820-1872), sometimes called a “mixed blood Choctaw,” was a Chickasaw by marriage into the Colbert family. Folsom was active in politics in both the Choctaw and Chickasaw nations and he helped draft the Chickasaw Constitution. He commanded a Confederate Choctaw Cavalry regiment during the Civil War. Folsom, along with Edmund Pickens, was particularly noted for his key role in dissolving formal ties to the Choctaws.

Finally, Jackson Frazier (1815-1856), was a principal chief of the Chickasaws and was one of several men behind the establishment of the Chickasaw Intelligencer in 1854, the short-lived weekly newspaper. $500 - $700

540 Kenton Harper, Letter of Thanks from the Chickasaw Nation, March 9, 1861 Edmund Pickens, Sampson Folsom, and James Gamble LS to Kenton Harper, Washington, D.C., 1p, Mar. 9, 1861.

A highly unusual letter written on the eve of the Civil War from three of the leading figures in the Chickasaw nation: Edmund Pickens (Okchantubby) is distinguished as the first elected Chickasaw Chief and a key architect of Chickasaw independence; Sampson Folsom was an omnipresent figure in Chickasaw diplomacy and nation-building, and James Gamble was an important figure in the new Chickasaw government who became one of the signatories to the “treaty of friendship and alliance” made between the Chickasaws and Confederate States of America on July 12, 1861. In this letter, the trio relay greetings and thanks to Harper for his role as Indian agent a decade before. The letter reads: The undersigned your friends of the Chickasaw Nation, would respectfully tender their highest regard and esteem for the many kind attention which they received at your hands while sojourning in their country as United States Agent for the Nation in the year 1851 & 1852. They merely make this presentation to renew to you their gratitude for what you have done for their people, & hope that these few lines will find you in good health. $500 - $700

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WESTERN AMERICANA | Indian Wars | Autographs & Manuscripts 541 4th United States Cavalry, Collection of Documents Signed by Civil and Indian War Heroes, Including Eli Long & Elmer Otis Lot of 20+ documents.

Indiana native, Clarence Mauck (18391881) received a commission March 27, 1861 as 2nd lieutenant in the 1st U.S. Cavalry Regiment. He trained at Fort Columbus (NY) and Carlisle Barracks (PA) through the spring. They were then sent to Fort Wise, CO and Fort Leavenworth, KS until February 1862.

The unit, now the 4th U.S. Cavalry, having been redesignated August 3, 1861, was finally brought back to Tennessee. It served most of the war in the Western Theater. Lieutenant Mauck served in Tennessee, Mississippi, Alabama, Kentucky and Georgia, and was wounded in October 1864 in Rome, GA. After the end of the Civil War, the 4th was sent to Texas.

In December 1870, Col. Ranald Slidell MacKenzie was given command of the regiment, and ordered to stop the Kiowa and Comanche raids. Mauck spent the remainder of his career at various western forts, including Fort Stanton, NM until August 1880 when he was put on sick leave. Mauck died in January 1881 in San Antonio, TX, reportedly of consumption (tuberculosis).

These letters came into the Mauck family either through Clarence directly or his widow later. The earliest is dated Head Quarters, Detachment 4th Cavalry, Fort Wise, C.T. (Colorado), November 22, 1861. This is Order No. 1 from Captain Elmer Otis, Commanding the detachment, appointing Clarence Mauck AAQM and ACS of the detachment. Elmer Otis (1830-1897) became Captain of the redesignated 4th Cavalry, having moved up through the ranks in the 1st Cavalry. Near the end of the War, Otis was commissioned Major and moved back to the 1st Cavalry. He then saw service in the 9th Cavalry before being commissioned Lt. Col. of the 7th Cavalry to date from June 25, 1876, having been tasked with reconstituting that unit which had been nearly destroyed at the Little Bighorn. He also served on Marcus Reno’s court-martial board.

The lot includes two forms signed by J.M. Warner, 1st. Lt. 8th Infy., AAQM, per Clarence Mauck, 1st Lt. 4th Cav. These are invoices of subsistence stores, Fort Wise, C.T. for Nov. 22 and Dec. 13, 1861. Warner was assigned to the 10th, then the 8th Infantry before the war, then entered Volunteer service as Col. of the 11th VT Infy. in 1862. He was commissioned Brig. Gen. of Vols. just after the end of the war, and mustered out of volunteer service in January, returning to the 8th U.S. Infantry, but he resigned shortly after. During the Civil War he was awarded brevets of Maj., Lt. Col., Col., and Brig. Gen. Special Order No. 11, Head Quarters Louisville Barracks, March 15, 1862 sent Lt. Mauck with his command to Nashville, TN. Signed by Major F[ranklin]. F[oster] Flint. Flint (1821-1891) served for four decades until his retirement in 1882.

A group of seven invoices and cover letter from Eli Long are also included. The letter is from Hd. Qrs 2nd Cav. Brig. 2nd Div., Camp near Stevenson Ala. Sept. 1st 1863. Long tells Mauck that he is enclosing receipts that need to be signed and returned. He also notes: Have just returned from Trenton, GA. Met no rebs. Eli Long (1837-1903) was a native of Kentucky who received his appointment of 2nd Lieutenant in the newly formed 1st Cavalry in June 1856 and immediately saw frontier service. He was appointed 1st Lieut. just as the Civil War was about to erupt. During the war he was wounded five times and received brevets for many of them. He also was brevetted for actions at Knoxville, TN (Lt. Col.) and “gallant and meritorious service” (Maj. Gen. and Maj. Gen. Vols.). After recovering from wounds received at Selma, Long was appointed to command the District of New Jersey.

He retired in 1867 with the rank of Major General.

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Plus two Special Orders signed by Major W[illiam]. B[edford] Royall, 5th U.S. Cavalry, Mounted Recruiting Service, Carlisle Barracks, and a monthly report signed by Royall. S.O. No. 24, dated December 19, 1864, orders Clarence Mauck to Pittsburgh, PA to open a recruiting station there. S.O. No. 10, dated March 6, 1865 orders 1st Lieut. John Johnson to relieve Mauck, who is to rejoin his regiment. The TriMonthly Recruiting Report is from Oct. 20 to 31, 1865, filled out by Mauck and signed off by Royall. The fourth item is a request by Mauck to Royall for permission to accompany the latest batch of recruits to Carlisle Barracks, Feb. 24, 1865. Docketed by Royall on verso.

William B. Royall (1825-1895) enlisted in the 2nd MO Infy. in July 1846 for service in the Mexican War. He mustered out in late Oct. 1848. His first experience fighting Indians came as he accompanied a company of recruits on the Santa Fe trail in May 1848. When the 2nd U.S. Cavalry was formed in 1855, he received a commission as 1st Lieutenant. He was promoted March 1861 to Captain and commissioned into the 5th U.S. Cavalry. He was wounded at Old Church, VA, and assigned to recruiting duty as a consequence. After the end of the Civil War, he was once again in the field fighting Indians. He received brevets for service at Hanover CH, VA (Major) and Old Church, VA (Lt. Col.), and “arduous and faithful service” (Col.). He became Lt. Col. of the 3rd.

Cavalry in Dec. 1875, and the following year was in command of that unit with the rank of Colonel.He also received a brevet of Brig. Gen. in 1890 for service in action against Indians at Rosebud Creek, MT in June 1876. He retired in 1887 with the rank of full Brigadier General.

After the end of the Civil War, Mauck continued in the 4th Cavalry, joining the unit in Texas. On March 4, 1868, Mauck received $24.06 from Wirt Davis, then Bvt. Major and Post Treasurer at Camp Verde, TX. Invoice (1p, 8 x 9.5 in.) signed boldly by Davis. Wirt Davis (1839-1914) enlisted in the 1st Cavalry as a private, shortly becoming corporal (Co. K). He remained in the redesignated 4th Cavalry and received promotions to Sergeant and 1st Serg. (Co. L), from May 1860; 2nd Lieut. April 1863; 1st Lieut. April 1865; Captain, June 1868; Major (5th Cav.) April 1890; Lt. Col. (8th Cav.) July 1898; Col. 3rd Cav.) Jan. 1900; retired 1901 as Brig. Gen. He received brevets for actions at Chickamauga, GA, the cavalry actions in Mississippi, and the capture of Selma, AL; and later for actions against Indians on the North Fork of the Red River, TX and actions in the Big Horn Mountains, MT. The latter was the “Dull Knife” battle with Col. Ranald MacKenzie’s 4th Cav. against Dull Knife’s Cheyennes during Crook’s campaign in the winter of 1876 after the Little Big Horn disaster during the summer.

There is a letter from Ranald Mackenzie, ALS, 2+ pp, 7.75 x 9.75 in., Fort Sill, April 18th (likely 1875 given the location) appointing him temporary commander. I shall have to send you to the Cantonment as you are the only captain at Cheyenne agency or this place [available for such duty]…I can not tell how long you will be in command but prepare

WESTERN AMERICANA | Indian Wars | Autographs & Manuscripts for a very considerable time. Genl. Pope has telegraphed me to send a Captain competent to command and I trust you will not give me cause for regret.

Mackenzie (1840-1889) was assigned to the 9th Army Corps as an assistant engineer, and sent to northern Virginia. He received brevets for Manassas (1st Lieut.), Chancellorsville (Capt.), Gettysburg (Major); Petersburg (Lt. Col.); Cedar Creek (Col.); Opequan, Fisher’s Hill and Middletown, VA (Brig. Genl. Vols.); and “Gallant and meritorious services in the field during the rebellion” (Brig. Gen. USA and Maj. Gen. Vols.).

He received a promotion to captain shortly after Gettysburg, and Col. Vols. of the 2nd CT HA. He was present at Five Forks, in the pursuit of Lee’s army and present at Appomattox CH. After the failure of the 4th Cavalry to stop Indian raids in Texas, Mackenzie was assigned to command, at barely 30 years of age.

Over the next few years, Mackenzie led several expeditions against Comanches and Kiowas with mixed success, as well as Kickapoo and Apache Indians that were setting up bases in Mexico, coming across the border to raid Texas towns, then escaping back to Mexico. As a result of his leadership, Mackenzie became a hero in South Texas for finally putting an end to the raiding. In 1880 the 4th was transferred to Arizona Territory, where Mackenzie began working his “magic” on the various Apache groups and the Navajo. W.B. Royall took over as Colonel of the 4th in 1882, and by then Mackenzie had pacified Kiowas, Comanches, Northern Cheyennes, Utes, White Mountain, Jircarilla, and Mescalero Apaches, Navajos and others to settle on their respective reservations. [Later under Royall, the 4th would capture/ negotiate surrender of Geronimo, ending the unit’s Indian Wars participation.]

Included are two printed General Orders, Nos. 82, dated Nov. 14, 1878, enumerating prices of clothing and equipment for the Army (6 pages plus foldout sheet), and No. 28, dated April 28, 1880, most of which pertains to the GAR (single sheet). Both signed in type by E.D. Townsend, Adj. Genl. Edward Townsend (1817-1893)

542 Fort Atkinson, Wisconsin, Detailed Letter Referencing Indian Attacks & Movement of Winnebago Indians 3pp, 8 x 10 in. Fort Atkinson, [WI], April 1, 1846 (although a note on outer leaf indicates 1847). Jared Elliott writes to General Ely Elliott of Clinton, CT. Jared appears to be the post Chaplain, as he notes in his letter: My audience on the Sabbath has of course been so much reduced since they [a detachment from the post] left.

He writes to his father: ...there was a flare up between some of the Indians, who had gone from this side of the river, and the white settlers in Wisconsin territory. We had to send an officer, and a detachment of 30 men to capture some of the Indians and deep the others in order.

This detachment has been [gone] since the 1st of Jany. in temporary occupation of Fort Crawford and so instead of having at least two companies at this Post, we have had to garrison two posts with one. This has made the guard and fatigue duty of the men here rather arduous....

I find however that Congress have just passed an appropriation of some thousands to defray the expense of a treaty with the Winnebago’s to try and induce them to leave the “Neutral Ground” and a delegation of the tribe are to go to see their great Father at Washington early next month.

And as there are to be several interpreters and other attendants appointed at $5 a day for the services I presume some [of ] the folks of Sodom and G. are ready to go, and see what of pickings can be got out of the appropriation or the treaty if it is concluded. If it is made and ratified the Indians will ahve to be attended by troops in their removal and this Post may be broken up, or transferred to the country where the Indians are to be located. These buildings would be then sold for a song and from there character and the healthiness of the site would do well for a high school or small college as the country was filled up. He goes on to ask what his father thinks of the idea. Professor of Ethics and Adjunct Professor of Languages in Iowa College would be an imposing title.

was commissioned in the 2nd Artillery. He fought Seminoles and helped move the Cherokees before the Mexican War. In 1846 he was transferred to the AG’s Corps in Washington, as the Mexican War was heating up. He finished his career in Washington, where he was promoted to Brig. Gen and Adjutant Gen. The last two letters are from long-time associates of Mauck, and both younger members of the unit, to his widow shortly after his death in Jan. 1881. One is dated May 8, 1881, Mescalero Indian Agency, NM, 7.75 x 9.75 in., 1+ page from Matthias W. Day, CMOH. Since the men had to purchase their equipment, and Mrs. Mauck had no real use for it, she let some be raffled off or otherwise sold to men of the unit. Matthias Walter Day (1853-1927) was assigned to the 10th Cavalry. He moved to the 9th Cavalry, one of units of African-American soldiers known as “Buffalo soldiers” in the Indian Wars, in early 1878.

He received a brevet for “gallant service in actions against Indians during the attack on Geronimo’s stronghold” in 1885. He received the Medal of Honor for “bravery in actions” against Apaches in Las Animas Canyon, NM in Sept. 1879. In the early 1880s, the 9th was transferred to the Southern Plains. When the Spanish-American War broke out, Day became Lt. Col. of Vols. of the reactivated 1st Ohio Cav. Although among the regiments making up the “Rough Riders,” the 1st Ohio did not see any action because of lack of transport to Cuba. They were, however, sent to the Philippines and fought against the Moros.

The second letter to Mrs. Mauck, which seems to be from Ft. Myer, VA, Nov. 5, 1881, is from Abiel Smith and is mostly personal in nature.

Abiel L. Smith (1857-1946) was commissioned to the 19th US Infantry.

In 1879 he transferred to the 4th Cavalry. He was promoted to 1st Lieut. 1883, Capt. In 1892, Lt. Col. Vols. in the Commissary dept. during the Spanish-American War; Col. & Asst. Commissary Genl. 1905; Brig.

Genl. in QM Corps 1916. He received a brevet in 1890 for “gallant service in the campaign against Geronimo’s Band of Indians in Sonora, Mexico from July to September of 1886.”

The last items are blank forms for homesteads “under act June 8, 1872.” $800 - $1,000

The Elliott (Eliot, and var.) family had a long history in Clinton (Killingworth), CT. The family includes numerous “men of the cloth.”

The “Biographical Sketches of the graduates of Yale College” (Henry Holt & Co. 1907) mentions John (Yale 1786) and an elder Jared (Yale 1706), both ministers (Congregational), as well as Deacon George Eliot (John’s father). Some of the others appear to have served in the military, such as General Ely Elliott (War of 1812, CT militia). Jared seems to have combined the two family professions. $300 - $500

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WESTERN AMERICANA | Indian Wars | Autographs & Manuscripts 543 Indian Wars Buffalo Soldier, John Brown, 1872 Discharge Signed by Capt. L.H. Carpenter, MOH Recipient Partially printed discharge, 8.5 x 11 in., for Private John Brown, Co. H, 104th Regiment of Cavalry. Fort Sill, Dakota Territory, June 26, 1872. Document signed twice by Brown’s commander, Captain L.H. Carpenter (1839-1916), who won the Medal of Honor for his actions in the Indian Wars.

Born in Montgomery County, TN, Brown was 24 years old, 5 ft.

5.5 in. tall, and black. He was entitled to be discharged, having served 5 years in the 10th Cavalry. It is noted in the discharge that he owes $1.32 for tobacco, which he agrees to pay to the Sutler J.S. Evans.

A scarce Buffalo Soldier document signed by a Medal of Honor recipient. $300 - $500

544 Brig. Gen. William H. Bisbee, Group of Indian Wars-Period Documents Lot of 3. The earliest is a Civil War document, dated 21 Sept. 1864, “near Atlanta, Ga.” This is a recommendation for the awarding of brevets to seven officers of the 18th U.S. Infantry “for gallant and meritorious conduct during the Atlanta Campaign.” Most (probably all) of these men saw subsequent Indian War service. These nominations were submitted by R.B. Hull, Capt. 18th US Infantry.

Named in the document are Captain William Fetterman, who would become famous as the leader of the 80 men who were massacred by a band of Cheyenne and Sioux Indians under Red Cloud near Fort Phil Kearney in December 1866, now known of the “Fetterman Massacre.”

Fetterman was just out of Civil War service, and relatively new to frontier conditions. He had boasted that with 80 soldiers, he could “ride through the Sioux Nation.” And that is just what he had with him - 80 soldiers - when the Sioux proved him wrong.

Another on the list is Captain Anson Mills, later Brig. General, and veteran of battles such as Tongue River (MT), Rose Bud River (MT), and Slim Buttes (DT). He served throughout the West, including Wyoming, Nebraska, Indian Territory, Arizona, Texas, and, once the Plains groups were “pacified,” Walla Walla, Washington. He invented the woven cartridge belt and set up a company to manufacture them.

He served on the US-Mexican Boundary Commission and later tried to get equitable distribution of Rio Grande waters. His work in El Paso, 276

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platting the town and helping to develop the area earned him the sobriquet “Father of El Paso.”

1st Lieutenant James Powell later also fought with Red Cloud at the “Wagon Box Fight” in late July 1867, about five miles from Fort Phil Kearney. Capt. Andrew Sheridan Burt saw service after the Civil War in the 9th US Infy., and the 8th Infy. The 9th was in Northern California just after the Civil War, and there engaged in the “Snake Wars.” In 1869, it was transferred to the Platte, and in 1873 to Dakota. Some companies were at Tongue River, Rose Bud and Slim Buttes. Burt retired as Brig. Gen. 1st Lieut. Daniel W. Benham transferred to the 36th US Infy. in 1866, and the 7th Infy. in 1869. He eventually retired as Brig. Gen. And, of course, William Bisbee (1840-1942). At the time of this brevet, he was a 1st Lieut. Bisbee answered Lincoln’s second call for troops by enlisting in the Regular Army, the 18th Infantry which was organizing in Columbus, Ohio in Sept. 1861. Most of these individuals named were Ohio natives or lived in Ohio at the time of the Civil War. Bisbee was born in Massachusetts, but had taken positions in Pennsylvania, Delaware and Ohio, where he was when war erupted. After the Civil War, he decided to make the army a career and was sent to Fort Phil Kearny.

Another item in this group is an unsigned note hastily written by Capt.

Francis Dodge who led his unit of 9th Cavalry Buffalo Soldiers to the aid of Captain Payne after they were ambushed by Utes under the leadership of Captain Jack. The note is addressed to the Adjt. Genl.

WESTERN AMERICANA | Indian Wars | Autographs & Manuscripts of the District of New Mexico: “Succeeded this morning at daylight in reinforcing the command of Capt Payne 5th Cav. on Milk River near the late battle field. The command is composed about 200 men, about 40 of whom are wounded. We can, I think, hold out until succor arrives.” Bisbee later wrote at the bottom of the page: “Dodge / 9th Cav / Reinforcing Cav Command at Milk River / Thornburgh fight with Ute Indians 1879.”

The message reached Bisbee at Fort Steele where he was in command at the time. Major Thornburgh and his wife were close friends of Bisbee’s, and it fell to him, both as post commander and friend, to inform Mrs. Thornburgh of her husband’s death in the fight.

The last item is Bisbee’s Marksman’s Certificate for the year 1886.

Issued by the Department of the Platte, and signed by the Inspector of Rifle Practice, George King, and approved by George Crook as commanding Brig. Gen. Bisbee went on to serve in the Spanish American War, where he saw

action in Cuba and Puerto Rico became military governor of a couple sub-districts of the Philippines under his friend, General MacArthur.

He retired in 1902 after 41 years of active service. He was awarded the purple heart on his 100th birthday, for wounds received during the Civil War (he was wounded 3 times), as well as presented with letters of commendation for his earlier services. He was one of the eldest retired officers ever in the army. He died in June 1942 at 102 years old, no doubt dismayed that the US was engaged in yet another military conflict. He was reportedly so tired of the “military atmosphere,” that he never joined the GAR, although he was a MOLLUS member. He is buried at Arlington. $1,000 - $1,500 545 Thomas L. McKenney, First Director of Bureau of Indian Affairs,

Third Person ALS, October 1, 1831 ALS, 1p, 7.5 x 10 in. n.p. [Philadelphia presumed], Oct. 1, 1831. Third person ref. Thomas L. McKenney, addressing Mr. Duponceau, in pencil.

Thomas Loraine McKenney (1785-1859) was long involved in Native American affairs, and a pioneer in their study. He served as Superintendent of Trade with the Indian tribes from 1816 to 1822 and then as the Director of the Bureau of Indian Affairs from 1824 to 1830. When dismissed from his post by Andrew Jackson, he had amassed a large collection of books, manuscripts, artifacts and had commissioned paintings by Charles Bird King and other artists.

At this date, McKenney was already at work on his famous Indian history, along with James Hall, who wrote much of the text. In September 1831 he received the first proof sheets of an historical overview that was being written for the work. McKenney asked several friends to review and correct the proofs of his narrative as they were printed. Among them was Pierre du Ponceau, a Philadelphia lawyer and scholar who was a specialist on the languages of North American Indians.

Will Tho L McKenney’s excellent & venerable friend Mr. Duponceau, McKenney writes, do him the very great kindness to run his eye over the accompanying proof sheet, and over that part of it which contains the list of Indian name, or names of Indian Tribes, with a view to a correct orthography, and to see whether there are any duplicates - and otherwise to make it entirely correct.

Mr Duponceau’s kind offer the other day to correct the proofs authorizes this liberty. Will Mr D be so kind as to return the proof in the course of the day? McKenney has added the date of Oct 1, 1831.

For more information on McKenney and the History of the Indian Tribes of North America, see Herman J. Viola, Thomas L. McKenney, chapter 14, and especially pages 256-260 in which Viola discusses the review of the first proof sheets in the fall of 1831. $300 - $500

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546 McKenney & Hall, Folio, Two Volumes, 1836-1838, 13 Parts Volume 1 and about 2/3 of Vol. 2 (parts 1 - 13) of McKenney, Thomas and Hall, James. History of the Indian Tribes of North America, with Biographical Sketches and Anecdotes of the Principal Chiefs. Embellished with One Hundred and Twenty Portraits, from the Indian Gallery in the Department of War, at Washington. Published Philadelphia: by Biddle (1836), and Greenough (1838). Folio, with three-quarter leather and watered silk boards, four spine bands, marbled end papers. Vol. 1, frontis (“War Dance”) State B, Red Jacket State D; with 48 plates (total); Vol. 2, frontis (“Buffalo Hunt”) State A, 29 plates of 47 called for, plus “History of the Indian Tribes,” pp. 1-44, issued with first volume [77 plates of 120 total].

These volumes were the result of decades of work. They began with the appointment of Thomas Loraine McKenney (1785-1859) to a number of government posts relating to Native Americans, and eventually to the head of the Bureau of Indian Affairs. In 1821, as Superintendent of Indian Affairs, McKenney hired Charles Bird King (1785-1862) to paint the portraits of a delegation of Indian leaders who traveled to Washington, DC. McKenney was concerned with the survival of native cultures from an early date. He was afraid, with good reason, that the cultures would pass into extinction without ever being described, or, ultimately, remembered. He also advocated humane treatment, especially for those tribes which were to move to reservations.

McKenney served under Presidents Madison, Monroe, Adams (JQ), and Jackson. At Adams’ request, he undertook an arduous 7,000 mile journey on horseback and by canoe to settle treaties with the western tribes, traveling through the wildest, and most dangerous, frontier at the time. McKenney got along with all of his superiors except Jackson.

Reportedly the two men hated each other. To stay in his post (the only position from which he could really effect any protection of the natives), he believed Jackson’s promises of peaceful and humane treatment during the move of many people to reservations west of the Mississippi. This was not to be, however, as the many “Trail of Tears” stories of the people attest. McKenney’s reward for not opposing Jackson was his dismissal from his post in 1830.

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Now with nothing but time on his hands, McKenney undertook this massive project - to transform the paintings by King (and a few other artists) to lithographs and write what was known of their lives before that knowledge was lost. James Hall wrote the 44 page “History of the Indian Tribes,” here bound into the second volume.

McKenney suffered numerous set-backs, both artistic and financial, but by 1836 the first groups of hand-colored lithographs was ready to be sent to subscribers. The prints were issued in 20 parts, intended to be bound into three volumes, each with a title page and frontis. As indicated above, the printing history is complex, and most volumes were multi-state compilations (in Vol. 1 here, the frontis is State B, the first lithograph is State D). The designations of the states does not, however, conform to any known chronology (i.e., we do not know that State A is earlier than State B for any print; this is only the order in which the states were identified). Edward C. Biddle published the first volume; Frederick W. Greenough, whose firm succeeded Biddle’s, published vol. 2 and a reissue of vol. 1; D. Rice and A.N. Clark published vol. 3 (and reissues of the first two volumes).

The large size, and requisite expense of publication, put this out of reach of most people. (In fact, we suspect it was out of reach of many subscribers, as we have seen numerous incomplete volumes.

The original subscribers either died or ran out of funds - or interest - before all of the parts were issued.) Thus, as soon as all parts were finally issued, McKenney began an octavo edition, with the same quality lithographs, just in a smaller size. These were printed in what is sometimes called “royal octavo,” a bit larger than “ordinary” octavo.

(Sometimes they are listed as quarto in booksellers’ descriptions.)

The large number of original portraits by King formed an Indian gallery at the War Department. They were eventually moved to the Smithsonian. Unfortunately, the Smithsonian suffered a disastrous fire in 1865, which destroyed most of the King paintings. Thus, these folio prints remain the primary record of people important both to the history of their tribes and to the United States from nearly two centuries ago. In many copies there is some damage to the paper, but the images and pigments used to bring them to life remain in very good condition, with little fading or smearing. [BAL 6934; Howes M129] $15,000 - $20,000

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WESTERN AMERICANA | American Indian Books 547 Exceptional Royal Octavo Edition, Indian Tribes of North America McKenney, Thomas L. and Hall, James. History of the Indian Tribes of North America, With Biographical Sketches and Anecdotes of the Principal Chiefs.

Embellished with One Hundred and Twenty Portraits. Philadelphia: D. Rice & A.N. Hart, 1855, 1858. Three volumes; vol. 1 dated 1858, other two dated 1855. Royal octavo edition, contemporary fully blind-stamped Morocco, five spine bands, gilt spine lettering and page edges. Overall in exceptionally fine condition.

Long-time superintendent of Indian Affairs, Thomas McKenney had an idea to put together these volumes, but responsibilities seemed to get in the way. When dismissed from his post by Andrew Jackson, McKenney finally had time to begin the project. He had long been fascinated by the native peoples, and was alarmed at the speed with which they were disappearing and their lifestyles being altered.

He partnered with Cincinnati author and newspaper editor, James Hall, who supplied text for the project. Most of the images were from paintings by Charles Bird King, many commissioned by McKenney, some were reproduced from earlier drawings by other artists. Eventually there were so many paintings of native peoples, that the Smithsonian set up a hall for native portraits. Unfortunately, most were lost when fire swept through the museum in 1865. This only increases the significance of these portraits to this day, since many remain the only image we have of some very significant people in American history. $15,000 - $20,000

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548 Silver Snuff Box Presented to C.W. Thompson, Superintendent of Indian Affairs, in Honor of Erecting the Sioux & Winnebago Agency Building, 1863 Silver snuff box, engraved on the lid Presented to C.W. Thompson / Sup’t Indian Affairs / by his employees / In Erecting The Sioux & Winnebago Agency building / A.D. 1868; 2.25 x 3.375 x 13/16 in. high, with hallmarks [anchor], ES, and M. Clark W. Thompson (1825-1885) was a Canadian who was never naturalized as a US citizen, but nonetheless served in a variety of state and national governmental positions. A miller, he began his government service upon election to the Minnesota Territorial House in 1854, representing three southeastern counties, and in the following term was elected to the Territorial Council.

Thompson participated as a Republican in the Minnesota Territorial Constitutional Convention in 1857, and was rewarded with an appointment as Superintendent of Indian Affairs in the Northern Superintendency when Abraham Lincoln took office in 1861. As such, he was in charge of the Ojibwe, Winnebago, and Dakota agencies in the Minnesota and Wisconsin, and presided over them during the Dakota War of 1862 and the subsequent forced removal of Winnebago and Dakota from Minnesota to the Dakota Territory. Following his service for the US Government, Thompson was elected to a single term in the Minnesota State Senate in 1870, after which he retired from politics and maintained a farm in southern Minnesota until his death in 1885.

In correspondence with Commissioner of Indian Affairs W.P. Dole, published in the New York Times, July 26, 1863, Thompson reported that he had built a temporary stockade surrounded by a ditch 400 feet square at a place called Usher’s Landing, on the Missouri River, about 60 miles north of Fort Randall, D.T., “in order to protect the property and keep the Indians from stealing, but also to keep my men from leaving out of fear.” He explained that this was necessary if he was going to go through the trouble of building any permament agency buildings, as “...There is no use of trying to keep up an Agency here with such defence; even the traders in this country stockade their premises.” To add to his troubles, the superintendent wrote that the ground was so hard as to break their plows, and the wind and dust were so bad that it was of no use to try to keep anything clean, but despite the circumstances they had already laid out 28 farms for the Sioux and 48 for the Winnebago.

On March 8, 1865, C.W. Thompson was one of three United States and six Winnebago signatories to a treaty, again dated at “Usher’s Landing” in which the Winnebago ceded any claim to the aforementioned land, in exchange for transfer to the former Omaha lands. Although we could not find any modern reference to Usher’s Landing, it is almost certainly what is today called Fort Thompson, the largest settlement on the Crow Creek Reservation, where descendants of the displaced Minnesota Dakota Sioux still reside, and most likely the location of the building for which the token offered here was presented. $1,000 - $2,000

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WESTERN AMERICANA | American Indian Photography | Plains 549 Rare Album Containing Early CDVs of American Indians, Including Early Images by W.H. Jackson Album containing an exceptional collection of 19 early CDVs, including seminal portraits by famed Western photographer, William Henry Jackson, and a rare set of photographs of Indians who fought in the Dakota War of 1862 (also known as the Sioux Uprising). Various places, ca 1860s. The 19 albumen prints are on original mounts, most with printed captions and photographer’s backmarks.

Contemporary leather album.

Indian Warriors of the Dakota War: The collection includes an extraordinary series of portraits of the great and infamous Indian leaders in the Dakota War of 1862 in Minnesota. On August 4, 1862, about 500 Dakota broke into food warehouses at the Lower Sioux Agency to take food they believed rightfully theirs, inflaming already high passions. Several weeks later a band of Dakota killed a group of white settlers, the massacre referred to in the captions of these photographs. Soon, the Dakota, led by Little Crow, were attacking settlers throughout the Minnesota Valley in an effort to drive out the white men.

Abraham Lincoln sent troops to suppress the uprising. By the end of 1862, more than one thousand Dakota were imprisoned, and in December, 38 were hanged simultaneously, the largest one-day public execution in US history. Lincoln had personally reviewed the trial record to distinguish those who had fought the government from those who had killed civilians. He commuted the death sentences of 264 Dakota, costing him votes but prompting him to declare “I could not afford to hang men for votes.”

Including the following cartes, each with Whitney’s Gallery, Minnesota backmark: Little Crow, Sioux Chief, leader of the “Indian Massacre” of Minnesota in 1862. The foremost Indian military leader in the Dakota uprising, Little Crow was “the most brilliant Dakota Chief of his day” (ANB). He was killed by a settler for a bounty in 1863; Ta-Tanka-Nazin (Standing Buffalo), “hereditary chief of the Sioux and participant in the Massacre of 1862, in Minnesota.”

Standing Buffalo refused to sanction Little Crow’s actions and took active measures to protect white settlers; Ampetue-Tokeca (Other Day). John Other Day famously saved a group of 62 settlers by warning them of the impending Dakota attacks on August 19, 1862 and leading them to safety; Cut Nose, leading figure in the 1862 Minnesota uprising, “infamous Indian who murdered 5 men and 18 women and children.”

Cut Nose was among those Indians who were not spared by Lincoln. He was one among the 38 Indians hanged in December of 1862, and after his hanging, Cut Nose’s body was taken

by W.W. Mayor who dissected and displayed it at the Mayo Clinic;

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WESTERN AMERICANA | American Indian Photography | Plains

Po-Go-Nay-Ke-Shick (Hole in the Day), celebrated Chippewa [Ojibwe] Chief. Hole in the Day helped initiate the 1862 war, abandoning years of negotiations with the federal government.

His campaign emphasized destruction of property while avoiding bloodshed. The treaty of 1864 justified his efforts, putting the tribe on a sound economic footing. Hole in the Day and a dozen other Ojibwe were killed in an ambush en route to peace negotiations.

Rare Early William Henry Jackson Portraits: 9 cartes were produced

by William Henry Jackson who, with Carleton Watkins, is one of the most celebrated photographers of the 19th-century West. He began his career with a mobile wagon darkroom photographing Indians, especially the Pawnee, around Omaha in 1868. “Unlike other pioneer photographers in the West, Jackson became a living legend” (Fuller).

From 1870 to 1878, Jackson served as official photographer for the Hayden Survey, establishing his national reputation, but these 1868 portraits represent the dawn of his illustrious career. Each carte with Jackson Bros., Omaha imprint: Native American [Spotted Tail?] with Peace Pipe. This is among the earliest known photographs of an Indian with a peace pipe; Pawnee Man, with buffalo blanket and war feather; Pawnee mother and child;

Pawnee Family; Pawnee Chief with feather; Blackfoot Man with bow and arrows; Cheyenne Chief in ceremonial clothing; Arapahoe Men. “Digger Indians” of California: Portraits of 2 “Digger Indians,” so-called because they dug for edible roots, are included in the collection. The term first came into widespread use in California during the Gold Rush: Unidentified “Digger Indian” Man, a hunter with rifle and animal pelts in his belt. CDV with Lawrence & Houseworth, San Francisco imprint; Unidentified “Digger Indian” Women, two younger women in western clothing; Unidentified Indian Man, wearing ornate feathered headdress, with multiple face piercings and long hair.

American Indians in Paris: Lastly, the collection includes rare portraits of the “Callapoose” Indians, White Swan and Fast Arrow, who were probably husband and wife and were exhibited at the Exposition Universelle in Paris in 1867, the greatest world’s fair up to its time. Each carte published by Grand Cirque American, Theatre de Prince Imperial, Paris: We-No-Na (White Swan), a woman of the Callapoose tribe with headdress, hatchet, and moccasins; U-Ta-Wa-Un (Fast Arrow), a man of the Callapoose tribe, with headdress, spear necklaces, deerskin britches, and moccasins. $5,000 - $7,000

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WESTERN AMERICANA | American Indian Photography | Plains 550 Rare CDV of Indian Trader Julius Meyer A rare CDV by A. Perlat of Poitiers, France, featuring a cross legged Julius Meyer in a coonskin hat, holding a percussion shotgun.

Meyer was born in Bromberg, Prussia, March 30, 1839 and emigrated to Nebraska, in 1867. It is said he was captured by Sioux during a buffalo hunt and lived with them for several years. Speaking six Indian languages, Meyer was known by the Indians as “Curley-Headed White Chief with One Tongue” because of his honesty; he served as an Indian interpreter to Congress and as an Indian agent. In addition, Meyer operated a curio shop on Farnham Street known as The Indian Wigwam where he advertised himself as Julius Meyer, “Box-ka-reshe-hash-ta-ka” Indian Trader, Indian Interpreter and Dealer in Indian Curiosities.

The Rick Mach Collection of Civil War & Western Photography $1,000 - $2,000

551 Silver Gelatin Studio Photograph of A Sioux Woman Silver gelatin print, photographer unknown, 6 x 8 in., with ink inscribed 28 on mount below image, 9.75 x 11.25 in. overall. The subject wears a classic, 3-skin dress made ca 1870 with fully-beaded cape. The hem of the skirt is fringed and the corner panels are hung with tin-cone tinklers. The tie thongs of her moccasins appear to be decorated with dyed fluffs. $500 - $700

552 Blackfeet Indians, Two Photograph Albums Documenting Life on the Browning, Montana Reservation, Including Raising of the Medicine Lodge Collection of over 300 silver gelatin photographs mounted within two separate albums, lacking original covers, measuring 5.75 x 13 in. and 8.5 x 13 in. respectively. The majority of the photographs measure approx. 3.5 x 4.5 in., but approx. 35 range in size from 4.75 x 6.75 in. to 4.5 x 12 in. The photographs are mounted between one and three per page, and most are accompanied by penciled captions. Ca 1915.

These impressive albums showcase the photographs taken by the consignor’s great grandfather, Charles I. Rice, during the summer of 1915, which he spent on the Blackfeet reservation in Browning, MT, and surrounding Glacier National Park. The consignor relates that Rice was superintendent of music in the public schools of Worcester, MA. In the summer of 1915, he had the opportunity to photograph the raising of the medicine lodge of the Blackfeet Indians at their reservation in Browning. Rice became acquainted with the Blackfeet through Mr. Thomas B. Magee, who had married an Indian squaw named Mahnarkie. During that summer, Mr. Rice, his wife, and teenage daughter lived with Mahnarkie and her daughter Istokopena (Tears-in-her-Eyes) in their tipi, next to the tipi of Chief Little Dog, the 284

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chief of the tribe. Over the course of that summer, he photographed the traditional raising of the Medicine Lodge and created several additional photos of the Blackfeet in their daily lives. Many articles of clothing and other American Indian relics were given to the Rice family by Mahnarkie during that summer, and additional items were sent to them by Mahnarkie in the years that followed.

In addition to photographs documenting the preparations and sacrifices involved in raising the Medicine Lodge, the album contains views of the tipi, including “action shots” involving putting them up and taking them down; distant shots of the encampment; snapshots of the Blackfeet, some identified, including Chief Little Dog and family, Mahnarkie and her daughter, Big Wolf Medicine Man and family, “Duck Head,” “Calf Shirt (identified as a Blood Indian), Chief “All Over” and son, “Jack Big Moon,” and more; and two photographs of Blackfeet children who attended the Holy Family Mission, an Indian boarding school that opened in Browning, MT in 1890.

The album also includes snapshots of the Rice family taken during their summer out west, as well as impressive views of the scenery, landmarks, and people and animals they encountered along the way.

Some fine logging photographs and images at sea are also housed in one of the albums. $3,000 - $6,000

WESTERN AMERICANA | American Indian Photography | Plains

552

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WESTERN AMERICANA | American Indian Photography | Plains 553 Chief Washakie Cabinet Card by Baker & Johnston Cabinet photograph of Washakie, Chief of the Shoshone, verso with printed listing of Indian Pictures by Baker and Johnston, Evanston, Wyoming. Portrait shows Washakie, seated, with a pipe in his hand and a rifle on his lap.

Washakie (ca.1804-1900) was a lifelong friend to whites, assisting travelers and troops through his treacherous homeland terrain. In 1876, he joined forces with the military as both a scout and warrior and served under Gen. George Crook pushing Crazy Horse into the Powder River Country. He was praised by Presidents Grant and Arthur, and was buried with full military honors. $600 - $800

554 Chief Washakie and Shoshone Chiefs, Cabinet Photograph by Baker & Johnston A scarce cabinet card photograph of Chief Washakie seated with rifle and pipe, surrounded by a group of his head men, with Baker and Johnston, Evanston, WY imprint on verso. Ca 1880. $800 - $1,000

555 Washakie & Chiefs in Council, Cabinet Photograph by Baker & Johnston Cabinet card photograph of Washakie standing in profile, holding his pipe authoritatively in the center of a group of Shoshone Indians, with Baker and Johnston, Evanston, WY imprint on verso. $800 - $1,000

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WESTERN AMERICANA | American Indian Photography | Plains 556 Baker & Johnston Cabinet Photograph of American Indian School Children Cabinet card portrait of a group of Arapaho school children, seated outdoors, dressed in civilian clothing, with Baker & Johnston, Evanston, WY imprint on verso. $500 - $700

557 Baker & Johnston Cabinet Photograph of Shoshone Squaw with Papoose Cabinet card photograph depicting a Shoshone squaw with baby in a cradleboard strapped to her back, with Baker & Johnston, Evanston, WY imprint on verso. $400 - $600

558 Cabinet Card of Apache Scouts, by Baker & Johnston Cabinet photograph of two Apache scouts. One of the subjects stands beside a seated scout with a dagger tucked in his waist. With Baker and Johnston’s Evanston, WY imprint and listing of American Indian photographs on verso.

The Rick Mach Collection of Civil War & Western Photography $800 - $1,000

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559 William Notman, Photograph Album Documenting American Indians and Canada Folio album with leather covers, front cover titled in gilt Canada, containing 58 photographs of cities, towns, landmarks, and diverse landscapes throughout Canada, as well as some fine views of American Indians, the Canadian Pacific Railroad, and steamships. While 27 photographs are credited in the negative to William Notman & Son of Montreal, the majority are attributed to Notman’s studio, with a single photo credited to Bailey Bros., Vancouver. 50 photographs measure 6.75 x 9 in., while 8 range in size from 3.75 x 5.5 in. to 4 x 8.5 in. Most images are mounted recto/verso, one per album page, and are either titled in the negative or on mount below image.

The album features 3 exceptional Indian views, each titled as follows: “Kenepequoshas” (Son of a Snake) / Cree Indian family with pony; A Blackfoot brave and tepee, the subject shown holding a tack-decorated Winchester, his chest strung with an otter fur loop-style necklace with a central row of Serpent-style side plates of earlier trade muskets, with other tack-decorated accoutrements adorning his wrist and waist; and “Astokumi” and family - Sarcee Indians.

In addition, the album houses at least 10 photographs of the Canadian Pacific Railroad, with views of the Snow Sheds, the Mountain Creek Bridge, Lower “Kicking Horse” Canon on the line of the CPRR, the “Loop,” and the CPRR Station near Mount Sir Donald Glacier and Hermit Range. Photographs of the Steamers Passport and Algerian on the St. Lawrence River as well as the SS Empress of India, (with views of her departure from Vancouver and the interior), are also included.

Other highlights include: photographs of the landmarks and surrounding landscapes of Quebec (8, with shots of the Citadel), Halifax (1), Montreal (4, with an action-packed view of men going down a Toboggan Slide), Ottawa (1), Niagara Falls (3), Banff Hotel and scenic surroundings (4, with photo capturing 4 men relaxing in the Swimming Pool, Banff Hot Springs), town of Yale (3, including Frazer River and Canon), Vancouver (2), Victoria (1).

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7 of 58

William Notman (1826-1891) was born in Scotland, but emigrated to Canada in 1856. He established a photography studio in Montreal, and very shortly after began documenting the construction of the Victoria Bridge across the St. Lawrence. The Prince of Wales attended the opening, and was presented with a box of Notman’s photos of the construction. The acclaim from the royals helped cement his reputation.

Along with his sons, Charles F. Notman, George W. Notman, and William McFarlane Notman, he opened studios in other Canadian and US cities, including seasonal ones at Yale and Harvard to capture the students for posterity. He also regularly contributed to the Philadelphia Photographer, and with the journal’s editor, Edward Wilson, formed the Centennial Photographic Company to document the American centennial exhibition in 1876. When he died in 1891, Notman’s photographic studio was taken over by his sons. $5,000 - $7,000

WESTERN AMERICANA | American Indian Photography | Pictorialists

560 Large Platinum Photograph of Black Man, Arapahoe,

by F.A. Rinehart Platinum photograph, 11 x 17 in. (the largest size Rinehart made), with identification in the negative at upper left, negative number 1452 at lower left, and Rinehart’s 1898 copyright at lower right. Taken at the Indian Congress of the Trans-Mississippi Exposition in Omaha, showing Black Man wearing a Ghost Dance Shirt.

The Rick Mach Collection of Civil War & Western Photography $600 - $800

561 F.A. Rinehart, Platinum Photographs of Sioux & Cheyenne Indians Lot of 3 platinum photographs, each 7.25 x 9.25 in., mounted to larger board, 8 x 10 in. Each print titled, numbered, and copyrighted by F.A. Rinehart, Omaha in the negative. Including the following portraits: Swift Dog, Sioux, 1898; Black Bear, Sioux, 1899; and Chief Wolf Robe, Cheyenne, 1899. $700 - $1,000

562 L.A. Huffman Hand-Colored Photograph, Hunkapapa Sioux Leather Lodges Near Ft. Keogh, Nov. 1878 Attractively hand-colored print, 9.5 x 9.75 in., ink titled near bottom edge Hunkapapa Sioux Leather Lodges Near Ft. Keogh, Nov. 1878, copyrighted lower right L.A. Huffman. Matted and framed, 15.5 x 16 in.. $1,000 - $2,000

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563 Richard Throssel Signed Photograph, The Old Historyain Sepia toned platinum photograph of an aged, Crow Indian identified as The Old Historyain, with copyright, blindstamped arrowhead, and Richard Throssel’s signature at lower right, affixed to original, brown deckled paper and gray paper mounting, approx. 5.75 x 7.625 in., matted and framed, 15.5 x 17.5 in.

Richard A. Throssel (1882-1933) moved to the Crow reservation in Montana in 1902. Adopted by them in 1905, he was given the name, Kills Inside The Camp. Between 1909 and 1911, he was hired to document Crow life on the reservation after which he moved to Billings, MT, and opened a studio. $500 - $700

564 Richard Throssel Signed Photograph, Carries the War Staff (Crow) Sepia toned platinum photograph of a young, Crow woman identified as Carries the War Staff, with blindstamped arrowhead and Richard Throssel’s signature at lower right, copyright in negative lower left, affixed to original, brown deckled paper and gray paper mounting, approx. 5.75 x 7.625 in., matted and framed, 15.5 x 17.5 in. With original Throssel Photocraft Co., Billings, Montana story label affixed to frame’s paper backing. $500 - $700

565 Edward Curtis Portfolio Photogravures of Miwok Indians Lot of 2 photogravures from The North American Indian; v.14, including: A Miwok Head-Man, plate 493; on Japon Vellum, 1924, folio, 11.5 x 15.5 in., overall 17.75 x 21.75 in.

A Southern Miwok, plate 495; on Japon Vellum, 1924, folio, 11.25 x 15.25 in., overall 17.75 x 21.75 in. $600 - $800

566 Edward Curtis Portfolio Photogravures, Including Pomo Fishing Camp & Southern Yokuts Basketry Lot of 2 photogravures from The North American Indian; v.14, including: Fishing Camp-Lake Pomo, plate 487; on Japon Vellum, 1924, folio, 11.5 x 15.5 in., overall 17.75 x 21.75 in.

Art as Old as the Tree - Southern Yokuts, plate 499; on Japon Vellum, 1924, folio, 11.25 x 15.25 in., overall 17.5 x 21.75 in. $600 - $800

COWAN’S AMERICAN HISTORY

WESTERN AMERICANA | American Indian Photography | Pictorialists

567 Edward Curtis Portfolio Photogravure, Quiet Waters - Tule River Reservation From The North American Indian; v.14; plate 506; on Japon Vellum, 1924, folio, 11.25 x 15.25 in., overall 17.75 x 22 in. $500 - $700

568 Edward Curtis Portfolio Photogravure, Wild Grapes - Pomo From The North American Indian; v.14; plate 480; on Japon Vellum, 1924, folio, 11.5 x 15.25 in., overall 17.75 x 22 in. $500 - $700

569 Edward Curtis Portfolio Photogravure, The Fisherman Southern Miwok From The North American Indian; v.14; plate 496; on Japon Vellum, 1924, folio, 11.5 x 15.5 in., overall 17.75 x 22 in. $500 - $700

570 Edward Curtis Curtis Portfolio Photogravure, Standing Two-Oto From The North American Indian; Standing Two-Oto, plate 675, 1927, folio, 11.5 x 15.625 in., overall, 12.75 x 17.5 in., professionally framed, 19.75 in. x 24.25 in. $1,000 - $1,500

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571 Karl Moon, Hand Colored Photograph, Peh-Tsa-Moie, Osage Gelatin silver print, hand-colored with oil, Peh Tsa Moie, Osage, by Karl (Carl) Moon (1879-1948), ink signed Karl Moon lower left, with stenciled title on backing of the original Karl Moon frame; 16 x 20 in., 21.625 x 25.625 in. with frame. $3,500 - $5,000

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WESTERN AMERICANA | Mining & Miners

572 Extremely Rare California Gold Quartz Pocket Watch An extremely rare and unusual 14 karat yellow gold Girard Watch Company hunter case pocket watch ca 1850. Pendant wind, lever set.

Double sunk white porcelain dial with sub seconds at the six o’clock position. Correct matching blued spaded hands. Movement number 46657. Case double signed 12870. Ornate floral pattern engraving on the outer case along with eight rare California ore samples encased in glass on the front cover surrounded by eight alternating inlaid panels of moss agate and California quartz.

A very unique item from the gold rush era in excellent condition. $10,000 - $15,000 details

573 High Karat Carved Walrus Tusk Brooch from Suter’s, Fairbanks, Alaska High karat, covered bar brooch, likely 24k, with Alaskan gold nugget border, set with carved, navette-shaped walrus tusk.

Reverse marked Suter’s/ Fairbanks, AL [Alaska] 8.4 dwt. .625 x 3 in. $500 - $800

reverse

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574 Gold & Business, Early California, Account Book of Henry Smith, Allen & Smith Co., Nevada City, Ca 1860-1871 Account Book of Henry Smith, Allen & Smith Co. Nevada City, CA, 1860-1871. Folio. Contemporary marbled paper boards, rebacked in paper.

Speculating in Gold: This fascinating account book charts the rising fortunes of the Nevada City, CA mining firm of Allen & Smith, formed

by Henry Smith and Thomas Allen in April 1860. Nevada City was one of the original 1849 Gold Rush sites. The accounts begin on p. 3 with a detailed statement of The work done on the clames on Deer Creek.

Expenses are broken down by man, at a rate of $3 per day, as well as equipment, such as quicksilver (mercury), a gold scoop, prospecting pans, nails, etc. The ledger documents the high start-up costs of mining, as Smith and Allen bring in outside help to put in place the necessary infrastructure; later the two men work largely alone.

After a month of preparation, Smith and Allen found gold in May 1861. Results are reported on p. 17 with The amount of gold dust taken out of the clames commencing April 25th 1861. The men extract several ounces of gold from the diggings each day, sometimes reaching banner days of 8 ounces. Pages 32-33 report the amount of gold sold, with an initial sale of $850 (50 oz. at $17) in June 1860.

Late in 1862, the firm expanded its business and opened a store. The stocking of the store begins on p. 27 and quickly includes a wide range of groceries, fresh food, dry goods, and mining equipment.

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in mining claims (p. 100), but it appears that the store was far more profitable than the claim, and soon the men seem to have devoted most of their time to it. The account book provides a wealth of details including dates, prices, names of vendors and buyers, and specifics on a variety of goods and services. Daily statements of cash on hand report the firm’s sales.

Starting with p. 154, the ledger’s blank pages begin to be reused, perhaps by Smith, for a wide variety of plans, recipes, and cures (To Build a Shed, To Cure Fresh Beef, To Make Sausage, to Cure Warts on Cows, etc.), and p. 170 begins a section of daily journal entries incorporating details on sales and expenses. This section is followed by more accounts by name, interrupted on p. 250 with an essay on the rights women should enjoy, and on p. 269 with a discussion of the assassination of Abraham Lincoln.

The volume concludes with the texts of a number of quit-claim deeds, contracts, and indentures relating to the gold mines and their transfers. Mounted at the front is Locating and Describing Mining Claims, a useful broadside from the Mining Scientific Press, and mounted at the back is a broadside issued by E.M. Preston, Nevada City agent for the Liverpool and London and Globe Insurance Co., detailing the services and capital of the company.

This splendid and rare account book provides a unique view of early California gold mining and business. $10,000 - $15,000

WESTERN AMERICANA | Mining & Miners | Autographs & Manuscripts 575 Austin & Cyril Hawkins, Manuscript Archive, Ca 1849-1900, With Focus on California Gold Rush 16 letters and 3 pocket diaries (1849, 1851) from trip to California; 1 later letter and document, 4 manuscripts (autobiography, story, and biographical sketches); 11 stock certificates; 2 pamphlets; envelopes and clipped signatures. 1849-ca 1900 (mostly 1851-1853).

The legendary call of the California gold fields lured young men and women from around the world to seek their fortunes in a remote land. Few were better observers or writers than the brothers Austin and Cyril Hawkins, young men from McConnelsville, OH. Austin, the elder brother, was the first to take the California plunge as a true 49er, crossing the country during the late spring and early summer 1849, with the teenaged Cyril delayed, taking months to win the permission of his father, a locally-prominent politician. Written between 1849 and 1852, the sixteen letters and three diaries at the heart of this collection offer exceptional insight into the lives of two pioneers of the California gold rush, with particularly fine content for their separate overland journeys. The eleven letters from Cyril and five from Austin are long and descriptive, reflecting the brothers’ starkly different personalities and experiences as well as their keen minds.

The letters begin with one of Austin’s first letters home, written as he reached Independence, MO, in April 1, 1849. His letter, like all that followed, are filled with telling details about the journey, he wrote: We intend boarding out for a week or untill we purchase our mules and other necessary articles of outfit and then we are going to camp out until we are ready to start. We can purchase our mules at a fairer price here than we can in Kentucky. There are two kinds here, the American Miles and the Spanish. Men that have traveled across the plains advise us to take Spanish mules. They are smaller than the American miles but can stand the trip a great deal better... There are plenty of Indians near this place, but they are a very quiet and peaceable set of men...

From Independence, Austin went south through Santa Fe, sending a letter from there in May 1849, discussing the sickness afflicting his party and camping on the plains, and he finally arrived in the “diggings” near Readings Springs, CA, in May 1850. Like many wouldbe miners, he faced hardships and the threat of violence all along the route and his fortunes waxed and waned, but unlike most, he described his experiences with an immediacy that still resonates: I have been on the Trinity river since the middle of March and... I have done very well, but I have met with some losses, going from the springs to trinity the Indians killed one of our mules that cost us $206 and we bought a quick silver machine which was not constructed on the right plan and it proved a failure... Austin goes on to describe his company of five miners and their successes, earning up to $30 a day each, adding The people are crowding into the upper mines very fast and I understand that the emigration from the states is as great as it was last year, so it stands us in hand to be doing something this season or the mines will be crowded so that all cannot find room to work. It is oweing altogether to my success in the mines when I shall return home and if I can keep my health I think I cannot help but make a pretty good raise this summer and then if I find trading is going to be profitable I will go into that business this winter... The Indians are so bad that we have to keep a sharp lookout while crossing from the springs to the trinity and we have to shoot them whenever we get an opportunity. We killed two that was prowling about trying to shoot our animals, and they are so bad about the springs that we have to stand guard over our stock every night... Much more.

Cyril (1832-1902) was just seventeen when Austin left home, but he seems to have been preternaturally mature. His first letter, March 14, 1850, is a painful one addressed to his father in which he writes that he will not be the obedient son when it comes to the siren call of the gold fields: it is through fear of a refusal from you, that I do not speak to you verbally, but by giving you a note, and letting you answer with consideration rather than from impulse, I think that you will give me an affirmative reply – In the first place my ideas were of “California” but with mature consideration, my thoughts have been solely concentrated upon “Oregon.” What is the use of my staying at McConnelsville forever? And where can I go to better my pecuniary situation within the precincts of the State of Ohio?…much more.

Though delaying a year at his father’s request, Cyril headed west, corresponding en route to keep his family informed. His letters cover nearly every step of his trip down the Ohio River, his arrival in St. Louis, and travel up the Missouri River. These wide-eyed and strangely

mature letters, include wonderful commentary on the remarkable trade in St Louis, Jenny Lind-mania, and the difficulties of travel on the Missouri, but also include rare gems like a chance meeting with Thomas Hart Benton, who Cyril engaged in a long conversation about the statesman’s past and memories of Andrew Jackson: he says that he was sitting on the bench in a little log courthouse in the Public square Nashville [when he first met Jackson]. He said a good deal about Jackson, but nothing about himself, in regard to breaking the Generals arm in an affray at Memphis (I believe it was). I am rather inclined to think that the Old Man is somewhat in his dotage, while sitting aside by himself you can perceive by the motion of his lips, that he is soliloquizing, when he reads he uses a squinting glass instead of spectacles.

It is the details of the overland journey, however, that are the most spectacular features of Cyril’s letters. In a remarkable letter from Weston, MO, April 23, 1851, he describes the impromptu changes in travel plans his party had to make as well as his fellow emigrants, like the colorful company of would-be miners he met from Pittsburgh: the company consists of 4 men, one of them has been almost all over the whole world, he was in Australia 2 years surveying, he has also been on the western coast of California, & Oregon. He understands all modes of life well. There is another of them whom has been several times across the plains, and will be a good guide. Then they have a Physician in their company who is a very accomplished gentleman, not only as a linguist &c but as a musician. He has been teaching the languages & music for several years. Then the remaining one is a Lawyer, musician & a fine fellow from Pittsburg... I think that we will be ready to start from here in a week or two; the grass at present is not high enough to start... and when we do make a start I suppose we will have to take feed along with us for a little distance, for our stock...

From Missouri, Cyril crossed into the Blue Earth River, Indian Territory, writing from May 17, 1851: I feel rough & hearty never having enjoyed better health in my life, I look rough, our fare is rough, our work is rough, & all in fact that we have to do or see, is rough, yes very rough... There are 18 waggons in our train. I wish that there were no more than 8 or 10 for then we could be more expeditious. So far we have not attempted to keep our cattle in a carille for protection during the night, but herd them. There are 42 able bodied men in our company, six compose the day watch & twelve men compose the night guard...much more.

By December Cyril wrote that he had passed through Oregon and slipped down to join Austin in Shasta City, CA: I found nearly everything in Oregon about as I expected – I found the wonderfully flattering reports which were heralded throughout the States in reference to the great resources for obtaining wealth in this country to be exaggerations to a great extent; however parts of this country as farming districts are not to be excelled in the world – The numerous streams flowing rapidly from the mountains give the country water power unlimited.... Cyril describes his experiences falling ill while traveling through the Umpqua Valley and being taken in by a merchant until Austin appeared to save the day.

When finally able to ride again, the brothers continued into the Rogue River Canyon: The Indians of this region have been very bad – & but a few weeks since a man was shot while engaged in driving some hogs & several

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WESTERN AMERICANA | Mining & Miners | Autographs & Manuscripts other men wounded, however we passed the entire length of the valley unharmed – thence passing the Ciscue Mts & traveling about 30 miles we arrived at Shasta Butte City.... [which] numbers in inhabitants about 1000, consisting principally of Gamblers & miners – it is positively true that about every second house is a gambling & drinking establishment, & some of these houses are very fine in their interior construction, decorated with beautifull paintings, while their bands of music chime beautifully with the gingle of dollars & dimes....

Cyril’s other letters are dated from Weaver (Trinity County) and Marysville. Not just a miner, Cyril worked variously as a sign painter in Weaver, as a clerk in a wholesale grocer in Sacramento, and in a lucrative position in the office of the Secretary of State and as assistant editor for the local newspaper. From Weaver, Mar. 13, 1852, he wrote that he had tried to set himself up in the wholesale sugar and tobacco trade, but was seduced back to mining: notwithstanding the hardships and uncertainty of mining, now and then a goodly pile of the fascinating lucre, is taken from the bowels of the earth, to free some poor miner from the embarrassing arms of adversity and cheer his future career with happiness & prosperity. How many since the discovery of gold in California have made fortunes, and ere the lapse of a single year, have been welcomed again to the fireside of home, to hold “sweet converse” with companions of by-gone days... I concluded to take a tour with Austin – so loading a mule with a supply of provisions, and having another to ride we proceeded west to the Trinity river, thence to the celebrated mining district in the vicinity of Weaver... His description of a colleague named McConnell is a classic of the gold rush-era: He goes the California fashion entire – a broad brimmed hat, red flannel shirt, pantaloons “rather worse of the wear” being patched with an old coffee sack upon the knees and other exposed parts, with long whiskers braided under his chin, & mustachios like a rams horns sticking out from each side of his mouth. He is a good jolly fellow & I hope his luck may continue...

California is different from all other states in the union; her population is promiscuous in the extreme; there is hardly a nation upon the earth, but what is represented here by some of her people. The Greenlander & the South American, the Chinaman from the remotest part of Asia, & the Englishman from the most enlightened part of Europe, the Norwegian, Swede, Spaniard, & Hungarian with their brothers from all surrounding countries together with the African American and those from the isles of the Ocean are all commingled with their different dialects and languages, in one motley group pending their lives in almost every manner – undergoing fatigue, starvation, and the fatality of disease for that one most thought of, most dangerous thing of earth – gold. What a beautifull panorama of civilization is here presented – murder, riot, & robbery are of daily occurrence. Corruption has stolen forth over this broad expanded state in its most malignant form; in many of its different parts, a gambler sits upon the bench of Justice, Gamblers and thieves are commingled with jurymen – Gamblers plead the clients cause and with his gains, procure ill gotten gains... His remaining letters are equally good and equally descriptive, as Cyril makes his way by wits and ambition, surviving hardship and cholera But the letters are only half of this collection: they are accompanied by three noteworthy diaries covering the years during which Cyril caught the California fever and crossed the country in search of fortune. Written in a remarkably fine, but highly legible hand, the first of these diaries documents Cyril’s schoolwork and socializing from May 1849 through end of the year, but the latter two are the real meat, covering the cross-country trek in 1851. Although Cyril protests about writing in haste with few corrections, these diaries are spectacular narratives of an extraordinary experience. While the letters offer insight into the events en route, the diaries provide the detail and depth possible only in a daily record of events.

Diary two covers the period from April-June, 1851, beginning as Cyril leaves McConnelsville and giving accounts of stops along the way.

In a typical passage, he describes the scene at Fort Kearney, NE, May 26: There was an old man here today who lives beyond Ft. Laramie. He was one of the biggest yarners I ever saw. He spoke about the hienas of Oregon, the rhinoseros of California and he has also seen snakes 50 feet long, and as big around as saw logs. He also knew of a gold cave & a diamond cave &c. He spoke with gravity & earnestness. This evening two young clerks from the Ft. were here, mounted on horses & a dozen hounds at their heels, they were about the hunt a little after wolves. It 296

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look quite romantic to see them galloping across the plains... There is more on wolves and buffalos, hunting, killing snakes, and a prairie fire on the Platte: behind us the flames of the prairie grass are flying & bounding like some great monster with fearfull velocity. The burning of the prairie, especially after night, (it is now dusk) presents a terrific & imposing spectacle; Beyond the firing element I can behold in wild magnificence a large herd of buffalo rushing furiously towards the east, the sun has just sunken behind the western horizon & the beautifull new moon shines resplendently in his stead, in short, the scene is grand, magnificent & sublime...

Approaching Fort Laramie, June 12, Cyril described a sad scene familiar to emigrants: The Indians do not come very much about our camp, they are afraid of disease. They caught the cholera & other diseases last year from the emigrants & died in great numbers, consequently they contagious this year. Two Indians going up the Platt this evening, instead of taking the direct road which was to the leeward of us, went far out of their course so as to be to our windward, showing their great caution, which is a general characteristic of all Indians...

The second diary covers the period July-Sept 3, 1851, including the journey from Wyoming through Oregon. Cyril never lets up recording the events, relaying dozens of stories, small and large, and often deeply touching in their impact. Crossing the Green River on July 10, he witnessed his first death scene: Here we took Bordwells Cut-off cross a toll bridge & by so doing were not compelled to pass over eight miles of bad road. The owners of this lodge have hundreds of beautiful Indian horses which they soon intend to drive to the Oregon market. While nearing the bridge our ears were filled with a mournfull sound eminating from the weeping of a lady whose husband had died a few minutes before. While passing one of the tents of the train, which was encamped nearby, I saw the corpse lying out in solemn death. This is the first death I have heard of upon our rout.

The alleged dangers of the trip from hostile Indians occupied Cyril’s mind as they reached the Snake River on July 21: Last night was an eventful night of the plains. About ½ past 9 ock the camp was awakened by the guards, for a few minutes all was bustle & confusion; a general stampeded had been occasioned by the Indians, who were prowling stealthily around about our camp endeavoring to perpetrate mischievous designs. But happily by dangerous ventureing the stock was again collected & all but the guards retired to rest, but shortly we were again aroused by the loud report of a gun. An Indian had used his utmost endeavor to steal a mule by creeping towards & attempting to pull up the picket pin. He had not quite accomplished his purpose when one of our guards (Pycroft of Indiana) shot at him, when he ran away with all possible haste. Whether he escaped unharmed or not is a matter of doubt.

Two weeks later (Aug. 3), Indians appeared again: A short time before noon today we were apprised of a band [of ] Indians who were a short distance before the 1st waggons & were supposed by a man who was driving loose stock, from their rappid movements towards the train, and the rifles which were slung over their shoulders, to be of a very hostile character. Runners were sent along the train to give the alarm & to have the waggons to move as fast as possible into one compact mass. Preparations went rapidly on for immediate battle, or in fact for any emergence, all the rifles & pistols were put in order for instant use. Every book & corner was searched, and all old fusces broken or otherwise were

WESTERN AMERICANA | Mining & Miners | Autographs & Manuscripts brought forth, and all, all, was in readiness. Many a proud heart beat high & warm to distinguish (or extinguish) itself in measuring arms with a savage foe. Our loose stock men first in the order of march (for perhaps they were the bravest of the brave) then the riflemen, mounted & on foot & then the train, which was well guarded. All was in order & we proceeded to meet what? An hundred fierce looking savages – an awful doom – death!!

Oh no, but to view with loud roars of laughter what we had often seen before – perhaps a half a dozen poor half-naked & half starved Indians with fish upon their shoulders, the scales of which glittered in the sunlight, instead of bright steel barrelled rifles, & whose salutation instead of the imperative command surrender, were “How do,” “Salmon swap.”

Cyril’s diary ends with an exceptional account of the terrain in Oregon, the Indians, the landscape, and early white settlements. Cyril did well for himself in California, following his father’s footsteps into politics, working his way up the ranks of the new Republican Party, serving in the first legislature for the new state of Nevada, securing a position as Clerk in the US House of Representatives, becoming a customs agent at the border crossing at Niagara Falls, and served as a presidential elector in 1896. Detail on his life out West is provided by an autobiographical and family sketch written ca 1900 for his daughters that describes his life from California through his triumphal return to Ohio in the 1880s and his ensuing political patronage appointments.

Although California is the focus of much of the collection, the seemingly miscellaneous items are not insignificant. Among these is a handsome William McKinley TLS to Cyril (on McKinley’s personal stationery) congratulating him on his election as presidential elector in 1896. Though there are only two pieces from Cyril’s years in Nevada, they are both noteworthy: a wonderful petition to Abraham Lincoln, Feb. 27, 1865, recommending Frank Hildreth be appointed as a Midshipman in the Navy, signed by a host of important politicians in the state including 22 members of the State Assembly, 14 senators, members of the cabinet, and Henry G. Blasdel, first governor of the state of Nevada. Scarce early Nevada imprint, printed in year it became a state: Standing Rules, Joint Rules and Standing Committees of the Senate and Assembly of the State of Nevada. First Session — 18645 (Carson City, 1864) in original pink wraps, good condition, with Hawkins’ name on front.

Accompanying the collection are other relics of Cyril’s prosperous years : 11 beautifully printed stock certificates (mostly engraved and crisp and clean), 7 from California mining companies, and four from Ohio railroads: Hidalgo Gold and Silver Mining Co., San Francisco, 1863; Iberville Gold and Silver Mining Co., Aurora, CA,1863; Mina Rica Gold and Silver Mining Co., Esmerelda, CA, 1863 (4) – Hawkins signed as company president; United States Tunnel Mining Co., Aurora, CA, 1864; Promoters certificates for the Virginia, Parkersburg, and Ohio RR (2), the Zanesville, Beverly, and Parkersburgh RR, and the Painesville, Wooster, and Ohio RR.

The balance of the collection consists of 10 fin de siècle clipped signatures of politicians (including John Sherman); biographical essays

by Cyril on Ohio politicians Joseph B. Foraker and Asa S. Bushnell (fragile, acidic paper); and 13 envelopes with postal history interest, including four copies of a printed, pre-paid Wells Fargo envelope with oval Wells Fargo Express cancellations for Portland (strong), two for Virginia City, and a double cancellation for San Francisco. Also a strong round cancellation for Yreka, CA, Jul 25, 1856 (on Wells Fargo pre-paid and pre-stamped envelope); and a scarce, strong round cancel for Todds Valley, CA. An exceptional, smart and literate collection for the overland adventures of two Ohio brothers, backed with fine letters from the California gold fields. A rare combination of a sizable collection with top notch literary content.

Descended Directly in the Family of Cyril Hawkins $5,000 - $7,000

576 Cyril Hawkins, Ohio Politician & Customs Agent, 18 Karat Gold, Diamond Encrusted Dubois & Co. Pocket Watch An 18 karat yellow gold size 6 hunter case pocket watch. Triple signed 18737. DuBois & Co. white porcelain double sunk dial with sub seconds and correct matching hands.

Dust cover engraved “Patent lever, 15 jewels, compensated balance, DuBois & Co. Geneve”.

Ornate Guilloche enameled and engraved outer case set with rose cut diamonds.

Descended Directly in the Family of Cyril Hawkins $500 - $700

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577 Yosemite, George Fiske Photograph Album, 1880s George Fiske. A Yosemite Album. 1880s. 71 albumen prints: 53 albums prints, 4.5 x 7.25 in. by Fiske, signed and numbered in the negative; 12 additional prints, 4.5 x 7.25 in., signed and captioned in the negative by Wheeler, possibly Olin D. Wheeler; 6 albumen prints, 8 x 10 in. Most in excellent condition, sharp with strong tones.

Contemporary three-quarter calf with gilt title Yosemite and decorative gilt borders, 11 x 15 in.

George Fiske trained as a banker before working with the great photographers Robert Vance, Charles Leander Weed, and Carleton E. Watkins. He respected Watkins to such a degree that he named his first son Carleton W. Fiske. In 1879, Fiske and his wife moved to Yosemite where Fiske spent the rest of his life photographing and studying the region, alongside Galen Clark, the first guardian of Yosemite when the national park was created. Included in this album are photographs of Galen Clark standing on Overhanging Rock, Glacier Point.

This album contains sharp photographs of spectacular Yosemite views. Noteworthy are Fiske’s images reflecting seasonal changes in

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the region, particularly a photograph of a snow-covered pine and photographs of ice formations surrounding waterfalls. Because he lived in the park, Fiske was the first to photograph views of the valley in the winter, creating dramatic prints that were widely sought. This album also includes a photograph of Fiske’s donkey. During the summer months, an attractive black horse pulled Fiske’s buggy, but in the cold winter months a donkey carted his gear.

Ansel Adams was powerfully influenced by Fiske’s work. In 1916, after seeing photographs by Fiske, Adams convinced his parents to take him to Yosemite. Many of Fiske’s negatives were destroyed in a house fire. In 1920, two years after Fiske’s death, Adams printed from many of Fiske’s surviving large format negatives and campaigned for their proper conservation. But Adams was ignored. The plates stored in the attic of Yosemite Park Company sawmill were destroyed in another fire in 1943. “If that hadn’t happened,” said Adams, “Fiske could have been revealed today, I firmly believe, as a top photographer, a top interpretive photographer...I do get excited at Fiske.” (Hickman & Pitts, 1980.) $15,000 - $20,000

WESTERN AMERICANA | Photography | Landscapes

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WESTERN AMERICANA | Photography | Landscapes 578 Yellowstone, F.J. Haynes, Album of Photographs of the Columbia River and Yellowstone Park Album containing 48 albumen photographs, each approx. 6.5 x 8.5 in., mounted on heavy card stock, titles in negatives and as manuscript captions on mounts. Original roan (worn) album, with gilt title, Columbia River / Yellowstone Park.

F. Jay Haynes was one of the leading photographers of the American West in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Operating a photographic studio in Yellowstone Park from 1881 to 1920, he was long the official Yellowstone photographer. This album contains a stunning series of photographs of Yellowstone geysers, geological formations, and other natural wonders. The album also contains a dramatic series of photographs taken by Haynes along the Columbia River in Oregon.

The album comprises: Portland, Oregon Salmon Wheel, Columbia River The Pillars of Hercules, Columbia River Palisades, Columbia River; Interior Tunnel No. 1 & N. Ry. Muhltmomah Falls: Oneonta Gorge. From the Rail Road, Near Columbia River Mount Hood, Oregon, 11,225 Elevation Lower Cascades, Columbia River; Obsidian Cliff From Beaver Lake, Y.P. Hayden Valley Between Lake and Falls Y.P. Liberty Cap, National Hotel and Valley, Y.P. Pulpit Terrace Mammoth Hot Springs, Y.P. Minerva Terrace Mammoth Hot Springs, Y.P. Jupiter’s Terrace, Y.P. Hell’s Half Acre, Prismatic Spring, Y.P. The Paint Pot, Instantaneous, Y.P. Lone Star Geyser Cone, Y.P.; Grotto Geyser Cone, Y.P. Giant Geyser Cone, Y.P. Crater of the Giantess, Y.P. Cone of the Tyrian or Sponge Prismatic Springs, Y.P. Norris’ Geyser Basin, Y.P. Castle Geyser in Action Y.P. Devil’s Well and Castle Y.P. Crater of Giant Y.P. Upper Geyser Basin Y.P. On Fire Hold River Y.P. Old Faithful Geyser Y.P. Giant Geyser, Y.P. Bee Hive Geyser in Action Y.P. Castle Geyser, Y.P. Minute Geyser, Norris’ Basin Old Faithful, Y.P.; Lone Star Geyser Y.P. Grand Geyser Y.P. Grand Canyon From the Brink Y.P. Great Falls From Point Lookout Y.P. Wall Canyon or Basaltic Cliff Y.P. Gibbon Falls, 84 Feet, Y.P. Tower Falls 110 Feet, Y.P. Point Lookout, Grand Canyon Y.P. Our Sketch Artist, Norris Basin Y.P. Trees Near the Giantess Y.P. Bismark Bridge Missouri River. $10,000 - $15,000

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WESTERN AMERICANA | Photography | Landscapes

579 Yellowstone, F.J. Haynes, Twenty-Five Photographs of Yellowstone National Park Lot of 25 albumen prints by Frank J. Haynes, 4.75 x 7.75 in., mounted recto/verso on album pages, which are separated from binding.

Accompanied by an index of images.

The album includes the following views of Yellowstone National Park: Gardiner Canyon, which shows a roadway running through the center of the image, and includes a wagon and single rider; Liberty Cap and Hotel, with the rock spire known as Liberty Cap featured along the right-hand side of the image, and two men resting in its shade. The hotel is visible in the distance; Minerva Terrace, pictured in winter; Pulpit Terrace, pictured in winter; Golden Gate, capturing a horse-drawn cart with passengers that can be seen rounding a bend near the iconic standing stone; Golden Gate and Bridge, taken from an opposing angle to its predecessor, this photo shows the mountain’s massive structure, putting a tiny roadway and trestle in perspective; Obsidian Cliff; Black Growler; Gibbon Canyon, a waiting wagon can be seen to the left of the large, dominating rock; Excelsior from Road, Haynes took the only known photo of Excelsior in full eruption in 1888, and this image shows what may be the beginnings of a large eruption or even a smaller eruption itself. Steam can be seen rising well over 20 feet, and in the foreground, a carriage is stopped and watching the site; Morning Glory, with the iconic hot spring dominating the frame; Grotto Geyser, with steam blowing off the eerie limestone formation rising from the ground; Punch Bowl; Oblong Geyser, with the crater pictured in wintertime; Giant Geyser, with spectators visible beside the huge stream of water that rises vertically; Old Faithful Geyser, showing a man standing beside Yellowstone’s most famous geyser; Castle and Beehive Geysers; Yellowstone Lake; Hayden Valley; Point Lookout and Great Falls; Great Falls of Yellowstone, the artist has deliberately overexposed the edges of the image, so the rushing falls are all that remain; Great Falls of Yellowstone, showing the falls pictured in situ, falling down the rock face; Grand Canyon from Grand View; Grand Canyon from Inspiration Point, the Colorado River can be distinctly seen running the length of the canyon.

Refer to cowans.com for a detailed condition report of the photographs. $3,000 - $5,000

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WESTERN AMERICANA | Photography | Landscapes 580 Henry Stark, Rocky Mountain National Park / Colorado Photograph Album Folio album with leather covers, front cover titled in gilt Rocky Mountain National Park/ Colorado, containing 23 sepia-toned silver gelatin photographs by Henry Stark, as indicated by the ink signed inscription on the inside cover Photographs by Henry Stark, Saint Louis.

Each photograph, which is hand-bound into the album, measures 9.75 x 14 in. and is titled in ink near bottom edge. Ca 1910s.

This album features exceptional, and, at times, breathtaking views of the Rocky Mountain National Park landscape, most with people, dwellings, and different modes of transportation (automobiles and horses) incorporated into the compositions. Titles include: Twin Sisters Mountain; On the High Drive; Lunch at Loch Vale; Timberline Cabin; The Heart of the Rockies - Long’s Peak; “Going Fishing,” Lawn Lake; Lawn Lake and Cabin; Fall River Road and Lodge; Mts. Chapin and Chiquita; Balanced Rock on Fern Lake Trail; Gem Lake (2); Long’s Peak from Gem Lake Trail; Colorado Mountain Club Register at Gem Lake; At Fern Lodge; Big Thompson Canyon; A Trail True the Spruces; Bear Lake and Camp; On Trail to Long’s Peak (2); Outlet of Odessa Lake (2); Fern Falls; The Continental Divide.

Limited information is available regarding the documentary photographer, Henry Stark, but research indicates that he was probably born in St. Louis, MO during the last quarter of the 19th century. He was likely the brother of George Stark (ca 1871-1946), a St. Louis native and the first known photographer to work for the St. Louis Globe Democrat.

In the winter of 1895, Stark ventured to Texas, traveling throughout the state and producing what is believed to be the first extensive photographic record of the state. The following year, many of Stark’s photographs documenting Texas appeared in the Texarkana Gateway to Texas and the Southwest, which was printed by the Woodward and Tiernan Printing Co., St. Louis, and issued by the Iron Mountain Route, the Texas Pacific Railway, the Cotton Belt Route, and the InternationalGreat Northern Railroad. An album titled Views in Texas. These Photographs Were Made in the Winter of 1895-96 by Henry Stark, St. Louis, Mo. was later assembled by Stark, and contained over 250 of his Texas photographs. The Dallas Historical Society houses the only known copy of this album. A publication printed in 1896 by Woodward and Tiernan, which features views on the Mississippi River, between St. Louis and New Orleans, Taken from an Anchor Line Steamer, September, 1896, as stated in the title, was credited to a photographer named Stark, and is likely referencing Henry Stark. He also produced photographs for Woodward and Tiernan’s 1898 publication entitled The Heart of the South: Along the Line of the Atlanta and West Point Railroad and Western Railway of Alabama. (Information obtained from an entry written by Lawrence Landis for the Texas State Historical Association website on May 10, 2014.)

Although we have been unable to determine why Stark produced this album, perhaps on behalf of the US Government to promote Rocky Mountain National Park, considering the artistic and highly professional quality of the photographs, the album was clearly created to showcase the majestic beauty of the Rockies as well as Stark’s remarkable photographic vision. $3,000 - $6,000 3 of 23

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WESTERN AMERICANA | Photography | Expeditions

581 Walter Granger Collection of Paleontological Photographs Paleontologist expedition photograph collection, including approx.

140 4.75 x 6.5 in. photos, 11 photos that measure 8 x 9.5 in., a 10 x 14 in. photograph of an expedition with pack camels, a 10 x 13 in. photo of Granger’s family, each member identified on verso, an 8 x 10 in. signed photo to Walter from fellow naturalist Roy Chapman Andrews, and 2 10 x 14 in. proofs –- both portraits of Granger. The photos are compiled in three modern folio binders, some glued to old black photo album paper. The larger photographs are not mounted. Also included are three pamphlets: Nevada Races of the Microtus Montanus Group of Meadow Mice, by E. Raymond Hall (University of California Press, 1935, 11pp); Reflexions sur le Progres, by Pierre Teilhard de Chardin (Peking, China, 1941, 27pp; 250 copies for private circulation only), inscribed to Granger on FFEP; and a German pamphlet on Russian zoology and paleontology publications in the year 1933).

Views include many nice landscapes from the expedition locations in Wyoming, Colorado, New Mexico, and the Badlands, views of dinosaur bones (some with various bones numbered on the print), the crew’s campsites, the town of Medicine Bow and other small towns, Devil’s Tower, ruins at Pueblo Bonito in Chaco Canyon, NM, a shot labeled “Ruins of sheep-herder’s cabin, the foundation composed entirely of the remains of dinosaurs,” Mexican sheep herders, Granger’s family, and more.

Many photos with annotation on the album page, dated 1894-1901, with identifications of locations and members of the expedition, including Albert Thomson, Prof. Stratford, H. Menke, Jacob Wortmer, F.A. Schneider, Richard Swann Lull, W.D. Matthew, Peter Kaisen, Barnum Brown, John Backstrom, and L.S. Quackenbush. Many of the photographs are credited to Thomson.

Walter W. Granger (1872-1941) was a paleontologist and curator at the American Museum of Natural History in New York, noted for his discovery of several important dinosaur species.

He began working as a taxidermist for the AMNH at the age of 17 and joined the museum’s expeditions to the American West in 1894 and 1895, where he developed an interest in fossil hunting and paleontology, especially dinosaurs. After gaining a position in the museum’s Department of Vertebrate Paleontology in 1896, he participated in several more expeditions, including one in 1897, outside Laramie, WY, where he discovered the Bone Cabin Quarry, which yielded dozens of fossil specimens of large dinosaurs.

Granger expanded his search to Egypt in the 1900s and China and Mongolia in the 1920s, where he partnered with Roy Chapman Andrews and made a series of groundbreaking discoveries in the Gobi Desert, including Velociraptor, Oviraptor, and Protoceratops. Famed paleontologist George Gaylord Simpson has called him “the greatest collector of fossil vertebrates that ever lived.” $5,000 - $7,000 SEE DETAILED DESCRIPTIONS, ADDITIONAL PHOTOGRAPHS AND CONDITION REPORTS OF ALL LOTS AT COWANS.COM

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WESTERN AMERICANA | Photography | Cities & Towns

582 Dodge City, Kansas, Photograph Album of Former Businessman & Chief of Police, William Rhodes, 1899 Collection of 98 sepia-toned photographs housed in a 7.5 x 11.25 in. album with red buckram covers, 48pp, most including 2 photographs mounted recto/verso, each approx. 3.75 x 4.75 in., except for the first page, which features a fold-out panorama of Dodge City, KS, 3.625 x 13 in. The remaining photographs show other scenes in Dodge City and the surrounding area, all captioned in ink on the album page. The first several show various residences around town, followed by views of ranches owned by W.E. Tear, Will Rhodes, and T. Shane, and a view of Soule College. There are a few busy street scenes, views of the railroad depot and railroad workers, farming operations, the graveyard, the Bell carriage livery, city hall, and “the first house in Kansas.” There is also a fine series of photographs capturing the 1899 Independence Day parade through downtown.

In addition to the panoramic view of Dodge City, the album contains the following highlights: • View of Workers near Stone Railroad arch under Tracks, On the A.T. and S.F. near Dodge City • Streetscape showing Pioneer Loan (Bank of Dodge City) • Railroad Depot, A.T and S.F. Depot • Cowboys/ Workers taking a break to eat • GAR Grave Yard, now Maple Grove Cemetery • Hamilton Butler Bell / H.B. Ham Bell Livery • July 4th 1899 Streetscape Crowd, note minstrel in Blackface at center • First House in Kansas The inside cover is inked To Mother and Father from Will. “Will” refers to William B. Rhodes (1850-?), a 32-year resident of Dodge City who came to Kansas as a young man working in the livestock business. He then became a builder and cement contractor (possibly explaining his photographs of the homes), and was eventually elected chief of police.

A fine photographic album documenting the quintessential American Western town of Dodge City, KS at the turn of the 20th Century. $4,000 - $6,000

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WESTERN AMERICANA | Photography | Charles J. Belden Charles J. Belden (1888-1963) was born in San Francisco into a wealthy California family. He developed a life-long passion for photography when he purchased his first camera to record his travels throughout Germany and Russia after graduating from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in 1909. Upon his return to the U.S., Belden worked as a cowboy on the L.G. Phelps Ranch in Wyoming. He then went to work on and eventually managed the legendary Pitchfork Ranch near Meeteetse, Wyoming. During his time at the Pitchfork Ranch between the 1920s and 1930s, Belden produced a variety of images that captured life on the dude ranch, including livestock activities, as well as the surrounding western landscape. Many of his western photographs were taken on horseback aboard his reliable pony Pinky. He thought this gave him the desired perspective he was hoping to achieve. Belden’s photographs were featured in various publications, including National Geographic and the Saturday Evening Post. Refer to the University of Wyoming, American Heritage Center’s Digital Collection of Charles J. Belden Photography for comparable examples of his work.

Charles Belden gave this group of photographs, Lots 583 through 594, to the consignor’s grandfather, who worked on the Pitchfork Ranch in Wyoming during the 1930s. The photographs have been in the family since that time.

583 Charles J. Belden Photograph of a Western Ranch or Town Unmarked, but by Charles Belden, showing a birds-eye view of what is either a large ranch or small town somewhere in Wyoming. Ca 1920s-1940s, 16 x 12 in. $600 - $800

584 Charles J. Belden Photograph of Cowboys & Others Gathered Around a Dude Ranch Silver gelatin photograph, 8 x 10 in., unmarked, but known to be by Belden, showing a Wyoming ranch, with a mounted cowboy, two large stacks of antlers, and three automobiles at center, and large groups of visitors on either side of the main building. Ca 1910s-1940s. $300 - $500

585 Charles J. Belden Cyanotype of a Cowboy Tending his Horse Outside a Snow-Covered Cabin Cyanotype, unmarked, but known to be by Belden, showing a cowboy tending his horse outside of a snow-covered cabin nestled among a group of tall spruce trees. Probably taken in Wyoming, ca 1910s-1940s, 12 x 16 in. $1,500 - $2,500

586 Charles J. Belden Cyanotype of a Sheepherder Watching his Flock Blue-toned silver gelatin photograph, unmarked, but known to be

by Belden, showing a sheepherder and his dog watching a herd of sheep cross a snow-covered slope. Probably taken in Wyoming, ca ca 1910s-1940s, 12 x 16 in. $1,000 - $1,500

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587 Charles J. Belden Photograph of Grazing Sheep Silver gelatin photograph, unmarked, but known to be by Belden, showing a small herd of sheep under a lone tree, looking out across a large valley, most likely somewhere in Wyoming. Ca 1910s-1940s, 12 x 16 in. $600 - $800

588 Charles J. Belden Photograph of a Herd of Bighorn Sheep Lightly blue-toned silver gelatin photograph, unmarked, but known to be by Belden, showing a small herd of bighorn sheep standing in a snowy landscape, looking directly at the photographer. Probably taken in Wyoming, ca 1910s-1940s, 16 x 20 in. $1,000 - $1,500

589 Charles J. Belden Photograph of a Horse Resting While Sheep Graze in the Background Silver gelatin photograph, unmarked, but known to be by Belden, featuring a saddled horse resting beside a pond, with a herd of sheep grazing on a hill across the pond in front of a mountainous backdrop.

Most likely taken in Wyoming, ca 1910s-1940s, 16 x 20 in. $1,500 - $2,500

590 Charles J. Belden Photograph of Cowboys Herding Cattle Silver gelatin photograph, unmarked, but known to be by Belden, showing two cowboys, driving a herd of cattle across a rocky slope.

Most likely taken in Wyoming, ca 1910s-1940s, 16 x 20 in. $1,500 - $2,500

COWAN’S AMERICAN HISTORY

WESTERN AMERICANA | Photography | Charles J. Belden

591 Charles J. Belden Photograph of a Cowboy Herding Cattle Silver gelatin photograph, unmarked, but known to be by Belden, showing a single cowboy driving a herd of cattle down a hillside, looking out across a valley toward increasingly larger hills and mountains. Most likely taken in Wyoming, ca 1910s-1940s, image size 7.75 x 13.375 in., overall size 12 x 16 in. $800 - $1,200

592 Charles J. Belden Photograph of Cowboys Herding Cattle in a Blizzard Silver gelatin photograph, 8 x 10 in., unmarked, but known to be by Belden, showing three cowboys herding young cattle in a driving snow. Ca 1910s-1940s. $500 - $700

593 Charles J. Belden Photograph of a Cowboy Herding Cattle Silver gelatin photograph, 8 x 10 in., unmarked, but known to be by Belden, showing a herd of cattle before a rocky ridge, probably in Wyoming, with a cowboy visible at the edge of the frame in each lower corner. Ca 1910s-1940s. $500 - $700

594 Charles J. Belden Photograph of a Cowboy Herding Cattle Silver gelatin photograph, unmarked, but by Charles Belden, featuring a cowboy on horseback herding cattle down a hillside, with a mountainous landscape as the backdrop. Most likely taken in Wyoming, ca 1910s-1940s, 16 x 20 in. $1,000 - $1,500

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WESTERN AMERICANA | Photography | Outlaws & Lawmen

595 Jesse James, Full Plate, Hand-Colored Tintype, Ca 1869-1870s, Plus Full plate, hand-colored tintype of the outlaw Jesse James (1847-1882), accompanied by the full plate, hand-colored tintype of a banjo player, which the James image was found behind in a period wood and gesso wall frame backed with old Kansas City Times newspaper. The consignor relates that the framed tintype of the banjo player was purchased by a gentleman at an east Quincy, IL estate auction some years ago. When he removed the back of the frame, he saw some of the old newspaper sticking out of it, and discovered the James image under the portrait of the young man with the banjo. The back of the James tintype shows some of the same residue that is present on the back of the tintype of the unidentified banjo player. The consignor acquired the tintypes and frame from the gentleman in Illinois.

The full plate tintype of James may be an enlargement of a sixth plate image that has been retouched and repainted. It appears to be after a photograph taken of James in 1869 at the age of 21 or 22 in Greenville, IL (see Philip Steele’s book, The Many Faces of Jesse James, 1995), which would date this full plate tintype ca 1869-1870s.

It was in December of 1869 that Jesse James truly became famous when he and most likely his brother, Frank, robbed the Daviess County Savings Association in Gallatin, MO. Although the robbery resulted in little money, it appears that Jesse shot and killed the cashier, Captain John Sheets.

Purportedly, James mistakenly believed the cashier to be Samuel P. Cox, the militia officer who had killed his friend “Bloody Bill” Anderson during the Civil War. James’ attempt at revenge combined with the fearless escape he and Frank made through the middle of a posse shortly after the robbery resulted in James being publicly labeled an “outlaw” for the first time in his life.

The Rick Mach Collection of Civil War & Western Photography $10,000 - $15,000

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WESTERN AMERICANA | Photography | Outlaws & Lawmen

596 Cabinet Card of Jesse James Albumen cabinet card with imprinted identification on the mount, and a statement from Mrs. Jesse W. James reading I hereby certify the above is the only late photograph of my deceased husband, taken before death. Credit to Taylor Copying Company, St. Louis, copyright 1882.

The Rick Mach Collection of Civil War & Western Photography $1,500 - $2,500

597 7th Cavalry Troopers “Shot by Wild Bill Hickok” in Hay’s City, Kansas, Cabinet Card Photograph Cabinet photograph issued by C.W. Carter, Salt Lake City, verso with his studio imprint and period pencil inscription reading Soldiers of 7th Cavalry / Killed By Wild Bill, Hayes City, Kansas.

Hickok was chosen sheriff by special election of Ellis County, KS in 1869; Hays City had just been founded and was the largest town in the county, serving the nearby military post of Fort Hays. After serving the town efficiently — but apparently viciously — he was defeated for re-election in 1869. Still in Hays in July of 1870, Hickok got into a dispute with two members of the 7th cavalry from nearby Fort Hays, killing one and wounding another. This photograph is meant to record the aftermath.

Rosa (1974:156-159) provides an extensive, and welldocumented description of the incident and reports that Hickok shot Private Jerry Lonergan in the wrist and knee, and that he eventually recovered and returned to active duty.

The other trooper, Private John Kile was shot in the waist and died in the Fort Hays hospital on July 18th. Given these facts that this image shows two distinctly dead souls, the image cannot be a record of the infamous gunfight, but rather a clever marketing ploy by Carter.

Both bodies in the image are clothed in military apparel, thus the question remains: what gunfight does the scene record?

Noted Hickok authority William Rosa (personal communication, May 8, 2007) provided the answer, suggesting the following catalog entry: “The bodies of two dead soldiers laid outside a saloon in Hays City, Kansas. Although claimed to have been shot by Wild Bill Hickok, they

were in fact the victims of a fellow 6th Cavalry trooper named David Roberts who shot privates Peter Welsh and George H. Summer in a drunken row on September 6, 1873. Roberts fled, but later gave himself up on the advice of his father. The original glass plate is now owned by the Church Archives of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latterday Saints, Salt Lake City, Utah.”

A fine example of the mystique and mythology that was part of Hickok’s life — and death. $1,500 - $2,500

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WESTERN AMERICANA | Photography | Outlaws & Lawmen 598 Great Omaha Train Robbery of 1909, Arrest Photographs of the Bandits Lot of 5 arrest photographs, including the image that was later used on the Wanted posters after Frank Grigware escaped and started his 25-year fugitive adventure. These photos are on United States Penitentiary, Leavenworth, KS cards. We previously sold four of their booking photos of the Omaha Metro Police. Photos for Frank Grigware (a.k.a. J[ames]. Gordon, E.E. Rollingshead), Jack Sheldon (a.k.a. Jack Gordon, L[onnie]. F. Golden), Donald W. Woods (a.k.a. Dan Donner), William Matthews (a.k.a. William Marvin), and Fred Torgenson (a.k.a. T. Derf ).

These arrest photographs are of all five members of the gang that committed the Great Omaha Train Robbery of 1909. On the night of May 22 of that year, the men held up a Union Pacific Overland Limited Train just south of Omaha and made off with seven registered mail pouches. Although the total haul was only about $700, the Union Pacific offered a $20,0000 reward, and within a few days a gathering of schoolchildren found the group’s stash of guns and disguises, and the police staked the place out until the robbers returned. All five were easily convicted and sent to the federal penitentiary at Leavenworth, KS. The rest of the story, however, is that of Frank Grigware, who escaped Leavenworth prison less than six months after entering. It was not until over 20 years later that he was heard from again, when the FBI’s nascent International Fingerprint Exchange program found a match for Grigware in a mild-mannered Canadian named James Fahey, whose only crime had been fox hunting out of season. Fahey/ Grigware was living a respectable life in Alberta and had the full support of his neighbors, community, and the Canadian government, which eventually convinced the United States to drop extradition efforts. Still, J. Edgar Hoover and the FBI kept him under surveillance for the next 43 years in case he ever became comfortable enough to cross the border, but he never did, and died in Canada in 1977 at the age of 91. The ultimate fate of the other four is strangely unknown. $600 - $800

599 The Great Northern Railroad’s Oriental Limited Train Robbery, Montana, Mugshots of Frankhauser & MacDonald Two booking cards from Spokane, WA police. One is for Charles McDonald, who is listed as a “miner,” age 27, 5 ft. 9.5 in. and weighing 151 lbs. Arrested Oct. 25, 1907 for the crime of train robbery. Includes Bertillon Measurements for more detailed identification. Plus tattoos, scars, moles, etc.

Second card is for Ed Smith, alias Geo. Frankhauser. Also listed as a “miner,” age 30, 5 ft. 5 3/4 in., 135 lbs. Arrested the same day as his compatriot. Same Spokane police card.

Frankhauser and McDonald pulled off one of the most daring train robberies, truly worthy of the “Wild, Wild West,” although they accomplished their heist in the 20th century. The pair took up residence near Rexford, along the Northern Pacific line that the Oriental Limited regularly traveled. They surveyed the line, and decided on their spot. September 9, 1907, when the engineer and fireman took over the engine, two men came out of the darkness and ordered them at gunpoint to follow directions and they would not be hurt. They ordered the train to proceed at 40 mph until they reached a pre-selected location. The train was ordered to stop, while Frankhauser went to a cache and took out a small black bag. They had the fireman knock on the baggage car door and ask to come in.

When the door was opened, the baggageman was ordered out, and the dynamite from the bag was used to blow the safe - and half of the car. They found nothing, so they decided to try the mail. Here, purely by accident, they stumbled on four small packages in a mail bag. They were addressed to the Old National Bank of Spokane and contained an estimated $40,000. But their mistake of tampering with the mail brought down the wrath of the postal inspectors, who would not let them get away with the robbery.

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WESTERN AMERICANA | Photography | Outlaws & Lawmen While the train was ordered to stay for 10 minutes, the pair escaped into darkness. They partied throughout the Northwest, posing as mining promoters. They sometimes “bought out” a bar for the night and had private parties for selected “friends,” including “working” women. Eventually, a man by the name of Jesse Howe became suspicious, and alerted the Spokane police, who were waiting at the end of another party.

They obtained saws in the Kalispell jail, according to Frankhauser, and hid them in strapped to their ankles. When they were transferred to Helena, the guards found McDonald’s saw, but Frankhauser managed to hang on to his. They spent two months sawing the bars on the windows. When they finally made their break March 21, they got over the wall by piling the bloodhound’s doghouses on top of each other.

They were spotted by two women while coming over the wall, but managed to get ahead of the searchers. The two remained on the run

600 Young Wyoming Train Robber, Bill Carlisle, The White MaskedBandit, Mugshot “Hardback” mug shot from the Wyoming Penitentiary for William L. Carlisle (1890-1964). The young train robber William L. “Bill” Carlisle, a.k.a. the White Masked Bandit, was probably the most famous escapee in Wyoming history and certainly one of the most famous train robbers. A folk hero, he who wouldn’t rob veterans or women.

Little is known of Bill’s early life. His father was older (60) when he was born, and his mother died when he was only 9 months old. His father could not handle five children alone, so they were sent to an orphanage for a while before being taken in by relatives. He was apparently born Walter Lawrence Cottrell, and it is not clear when he changed his name.

He became a hobo as a teenager, riding the trains. He decided to leave Pennsylvania and rode to Montana to become a ranch hand. He was broke by 1916, and decided the fastest way to get cash was to rob a train. He held up the Portland Rose as she left the Green River (WY) station. During the robbery, he returned a porter’s tips and gave someone else a dollar to pay for breakfast. He hid his face under a

for months, following the Missouri River north. They lived by taking what they needed from farmhouses and cabins (some occupied, others not). When the sheriff spotted them in Fargo, they split up.

Frankhauser took a job for the Northern Pacific, but was arrested while going to a friend’s house for Thanksgiving. He claimed he never saw his friend again. He was tried in Helena and sentenced to life in prison at Leavenworth, KS. According to some newspaper reports, he escaped from Leavenworth.

Others say he died there. One report indicates that another train robbery occurred in Benecia, CA that looked a lot like the work of this pair. This time they reportedly caught up with McDonald, but his buddy was still on the run.

Whatever the truth, it has the “feel” of another Butch and Sundance story. [See also “The Criminal Record: Stories of Crime and Misadventure from a Century Ago,” Vol. 5, Issue 4 (April 2010).] $500 - $700

white bandanna, earning his later sobriquet. Word spread quickly, since train robbery has mostly died out as a crime. He held up two more trains in the next couple of months, always refusing to take money from women or those who seemed in need.

When he was finally captured and tried, he was sentenced to life in prison, even though he never hurt anyone. Because of good behavior, the sentence was reduced to 25 - 50 years. But Bill decided that was too long. He made an amazing escape from the Wyoming State Pen. in 1919 by hiding in a box of shirts made by prisoners.

He robbed a fourth train after his escape. This one was full of servicemen returning from WWI. He would not take any money from them. He was eventually captured and was returned to prison for 16 years. There he met the Rev. Gerard Schellinger, who turned his life around.

Bill was paroled in 1936 and became an upstanding citizen, opening a newsstand, and later a restaurant and filling station. He married a nurse he met while recuperating from a ruptured appendix. His autobiography, which reads more like a dime novel, sealed his fame.

(See http://www.wyohistory.org/encyclopedia/bill-carlisle.) $300 - $500

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WESTERN AMERICANA | Photography | Outlaws & Lawmen 601 Montana Old West Prison Outlaws, Collection of Criminal Photographs Seven books from the Montana State Penitentiary system with marbled card covers and cloth spines, each approx. 8.5 x 17 in. These contain sheets with statistics on each prisoner and their photo - one view in civilian clothes, one view in prison stripes with head shaved. Name and prison number written in negative.

This singular collection of nearly 1000 Montana criminal photographs and data sheets date to the end of the “Old West” period of 1907-1912.

Montana became the last refuge of outlaws, and these books contain photos of the criminal element of Montana at its most active. It is the largest collection known to be in private hands.

During the period of 1907-1912, gangs such as the “Wild Bunch” were extremely active in the area. Although Butch Cassidy and the Sundance Kid left for South America in 1908 because of the aggressive hunting of them by the Pinkerton Detective Agency, many more gangs remained, hiding in the Badlands of Montana and Wyoming.

They ventured out of their “hidey holes” to rob trains, hold up banks, rustle cattle, visit brothels and saloons, and generally cause trouble in shootouts and bar fights.

At the time, Butte (MT) was becoming the last mining boom town of the West. Copper was “King” and the mines were active 24 hours a day.

When the miners got off their shifts, there were plenty of saloons and “working women” willing to relieve them of their hard-earned pay. When any city has a population explosion to 100,000 people in just a couple years, it takes a while to establish law and order. Gunfights and other violence were epidemic in this heavily populated square mile of “The Treasure State.”

In addition to the Irish, Italian, German, and Eastern European miners, there was a large Chinese population that operated in a separate cultural sphere. Here opium dens and “tong wars” proliferated. By 1920 the Butte police began to realize that their city was the national center of the Chinese mafia-like “tongs.”

The eastern half of the state was primarily cattle territory, with a scattered population of cowboys, homesteaders and Indian reservations. In the midst of this cultural stew, rife with poverty, frustration and violence, a handful of lawmen tried to maintain the peace. $4,000 - $6,000

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WESTERN AMERICANA | Photography | Outlaws & Lawmen 602 Oregon State Penitentiary, Collection of 50 Mugshots, Including Hardbacks Group of 50 mugshots of residents of the Oregon State Penn. As expected, they come from all walks of life, machinist, miner, mining engineer, hospital nurse, surveyor, waiter, tailor, baker, cook, carpenter, barber, harness maker, horseman, cooper, bartender, furniture maker, sailor, marine fireman, railroader, switchman, farmer, blacksmith & farrier, many laborers, and even attorneys. Most cards have Bertillon measurements and the usual scars and tattoos. Most of these date between 1903 and 1917 (arrival dates). $600 - $800

603 Portland, Oregon Police Department, Collection of 59 Mugshots, Including Hardbacks Lot of 59 mugshots. This group is made up of men who were arrested by the Portland, OR police. As usual, they come from all walks of life: miner, logger, waiter, restaurateur, sailor, ship carpenter, trainmen, kitchen worker, cook, pipe fitter, machinist, barber, tailor, glass blower, blacksmith, carpenter, plumber, peddler, sheep herder, book keeper, printer, “traveling man,” mailing machine man, and in one case, “flunky.” These arrests were made between 1913 and about 1921. $600 - $800

604 Spokane, Washington Police Department, Collection of 45 Mugshots, Including Hardbacks Lot of 45. Most cards are “hardbacks,” but a fair number have the photo lifting off of the card. Most of these “gentlemen” were arrested in the early ‘teens, 1912-1915, but there are a few from the 1920s-1930s. Their occupations, when not engaged in criminal activity, run the gamut: miner, logger, carpenter, peddler, salesman, baker, bricklayer, bell hop, hotel clerk, teamster, tailor, bartender, waiter, RR conductor, RR brakeman, shoe cutter, fireman, but the majority are just “laborers.” Most of these jobs, however, put them in a position to lift some valuables (most were arrested for burglary) - hotels, restaurants, and trains. $600 - $800

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WESTERN AMERICANA | Photography | Wild West Shows

605 Buffalo Bill With Rifle, Stereoview by Eaton, Omaha, Nebraska Ca 1870s stereoview showing a seated William F. Cody cradling his long range Creedmore rifle used for buffalo hunting. He is dressed in buckskins, with his jacket trimmed in buffalo fur. Although lacking a studio imprint, this view was published by E.L. Eaton, Omaha, NE. $1,000 - $1,500

606 Buffalo Bill Cody Photograph by Elliott & Fry Full-length portrait of Cody dressed in his show regalia and holding his Winchester rifle. Albumen cabinet card with imprinted identification in the recto margin and credit to Elliott & Fry of London on both sides. $600 - $800

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WESTERN AMERICANA | Photography | Wild West Shows 607 Buffalo Bill Cody Early Albumen Copy Cabinet Card Early albumen copy cabinet card featuring a pose of William F. Cody from a session at Sarony’s New York City studio in 1872. 4.25 x 6.25 in., with imprinted identification in the lower margin. $400 - $600

608 Ned Buntline, Two CDVs Lot of 2 CDVs of Ned Buntline, including a view by Sarony, which features Buntline in a standing pose wearing trapper clothing and holding a side-by-side percussion shotgun. The second carte, by Gurney, shows a seated Buntline in trapper clothing, with a powder horn tucked in his belt. Born Edward Zane Carroll Judson (1821/231886), Buntline was an American writer known for his popular dime novels featuring Buffalo Bill Cody and others, and is the namesake of the Colt Buntline Special.

The Rick Mach Collection of Civil War & Western Photography $1,000 - $2,000

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BIBLIOGRAPHY Clay, Cassius M. 1896 The Life, Memoirs, Writings, and Speeches of Cassius Marcellus Clay. Cincinnati.

Langsdorf, Erich.

1940 “Jim Lane and the Frontier Guard.” Kansas Historical Quarterly. Vol. 9, No. 1 (Feb.), pp. 13 - 25.

Collins, Herbert 1984 Threads of History: Americana Recorded on Cloth 1775 to the Present. Washington, DC: Smithsonian Institution Press.

Montgomery, James Eglinton.

1869 Our Admiral’s Flag Abroad. The Cruise of Admiral D.G.

Farragut, Commanding the European Squadron in 1867

68, in the Flag-ship Franklin. New York: G.P. Putnam & Son.

Francis, David R. 1913 The Universal Exposition of 1904. St. Louis: Louisiana Purchase

Exposition Company.

Green, James N. 1985 Mathew Carey, Publisher and Patriot. The Library Company of Philadelphia.

Hickman, Paul & Pitts, Terence 1980 George Fiske, Yosemite Photographer. Flagstaff, AZ: Northland Press.

American History Online Only Auction July 17-28, 2014 Bid online at cowans.com Buehman & Hartwell Cabinet Photograph of a Pima Indian, Plus Additional Southwest Indian Portraits

Contact Katie Horstman historic@cowans.com 513.871.1670 x236 6270 Este Ave. Cincinnati, OH 45232 316

COWAN’S AMERICAN HISTORY

Pierce, J. Richard 2005 The Stars and Stripes: Fabric of the American Spirit.

Published by the author.

Viola, Herman J. 1974 Thomas L. McKenney: Architect of America’s Early Indian

Policy: 1816-1830. Chicago: The Swallow Press Inc., Sage Books.

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MAP TO COWAN'S COWAN’S 6270 Este Avenue Cincinnati, Ohio 45232 DIRECTIONS: Cowan’s is located off I-75 at Exit 9 (Seymour Ave. & Paddock Rd. Exit). At exit ramp, take Paddock south, and turn right (west) onto Seymour. Continue on Seymour Avenue past Vine St. and the railroad crossing. The second street past the railroad crossing is Este Ave. Turn left onto Este into the “Ridgewood Industrial Park.” Cowan’s is on the left at 6270 Este Ave. See our website COWANS.COM for additional travel directions and local hotel accommodations.

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TERMS AND CONDITIONS By registering and bidding in an auction conducted by Cowan’s Auctions, Inc. (“Cowan’s”), bidders (whether present in person, by telephone, by agent, by written or telephone absentee bid instruction, or through a live internet connection) agree to be bound by these terms. These are the complete and only terms and conditions on which all property is offered for sale. Cowan’s retains the right to bar any bidder from participating in any auction and to exclude or reject any bid.

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Cowan’s retains the right to change estimates on any lot up to time of sale. A reserve is a confidential minimum price agreed upon by the seller of the lot and Cowan’s. In the case of reserved lots, the seller has authorized Cowan’s to bid on seller’s behalf until the reserve price is reached. In no case will the reserve be higher than the low presale estimate. Cowan’s standard house reserve on all property at auction is one-half of the low estimate.

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9) ABSENTEE BIDDING. Absentee bids are accepted via mail, fax, email and on Cowan’s website. Such bids will be posted with the time and date of arrival, with ties being awarded to the earliest bidder. Absentee bids that are faxed or emailed to Cowan’s need to be in the office at least 2 hours before the sale begins.

An absentee bidder unknown to Cowan’s may be required to submit a bank letter of credit prior to the auction, or, using a credit card, deposit with Cowan’s a fee equaling 30% of the absentee bid.

All absentee bids are executed competitively by a member of the auction staff. The auction staff will try to purchase the lot for the lowest price possible and will bid up to the amount designated by the absentee bidder only if necessary. Cowan’s does not accept “buy bids,” or absentee bids which have no limit. In the event of a tie bid between a floor and an absentee bidder, the floor bid will be honored.

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10) TELEPHONE BIDDING. Bidding live via the telephone is available on a first come, first served basis for those lots with a low estimate of $500 or greater. In order for Cowan’s to efficiently serve the needs of those who wish to bid by phone, please note the following: • To participate in the auction by telephone, potential bidders must complete and sign the absentee bid form and check “I WISH TO BID BY TELEPHONE” for the designated lots. Potential bidders may also reserve a phone line on Cowan’s website. If faxing or emailing requests for phone bidding, they need to be in Cowan’s office 2 hours before the sale begins. Once the auction begins, requests left on Cowan’s website may not be retrieved by the staff.

• Telephone bidders are advised to indicate an “insurance bid”, which amount will become an absentee bid, pursuant to the absentee bidding process set forth above, if Cowan’s can not reach the bidder by telephone for a particular indicated lot.

• Telephone bidders must disable any caller ID or other call blocking mechanism.

• Cowan’s sells about 100 lots per hour, so telephone bidders should plan accordingly. Cowan’s will attempt to reach each telephone bidder, but Cowan’s is in no way responsible for missed calls.

11) INTERNET BIDDING. Internet bidding is available through our website; additionally, Cowan’s may post certain auctions on Live Auctioneers (liveauctioneers.com) or Proxibid (proxibid.com). There may be terms which apply solely to internet bids that should be reviewed online at the time of sale. Cowan’s is not responsible for any failure to execute a bid and shall have no liability to any bidder for any technical or other failure associated with an internet auction.

12) BIDDING INCREMENTS. The following increments are used at the auction. Absentee bids must fall within these increments. Cowan’s will automatically reduce any absentee bid to the closest increment if the bid falls outside the published range of increments.

For Bids Falling Between Bidding Increment $0-500 $25 $501-1,000 $50 $1,001-3,000 $100 $3,001-5,000 $250 $5,001 and up $500 or at the discretion of the auctioneer Cowan’s reserves the right to modify increments at any time during the auction.

AFTER THE AUCTION 13) BUYER’S RESPONSIBILITY. Upon the fall of the hammer, title to the offered lot shall pass to the buyer and the buyer immediately (a) assumes full risk and responsibility for the lot, including liability for loss or damage and (b) is liable for payment of the Purchase Price (as defined below) to Cowan’s. It is the buyer’s responsibility to ask specific questions on condition related concerns prior to the auction. Cowan’s will not rescind sales with buyers that have disputes regarding firearm’s bore condition.

14) PURCHASE PRICE AND PAYMENT. The discounted “Purchase Price” for each lot shall equal the hammer price, buyer’s premium, sales tax and, if applicable, all packing, handling, insurance and shipping costs. Payment may be made with cash, personal or traveler’s check or credit card. Cowan’s reserves the right to hold a purchased lot until a check has cleared.

A convenience fee of $15.00 will be assessed to all transactions made in the alternate payment channels: Phone payments are made available as a convenience outside Cowan’s Auctions customary payment channels, therefore these payments are qualified as payments made in the alternative payment channel. All forms of payment made using this method will be assessed the convenience fee. Please call Cowan’s Auctions if you have any questions regarding this policy.

PLEASE NOTE: A surcharge of 2% will be assessed to all credit card transactions. This surcharge is not greater than our cost of acceptance.

Buyers who are present at the auction must pay the full Purchase Price at the time of the sale. Buyers who bid by telephone or who are absentee bidders will be invoiced within 5 days after the close of the auction and must pay the full Purchase Price for each purchased lot within 14 days after the date of the auction. By signing the absentee bid form or placing a bid by telephone, an absentee bidder authorizes Cowan’s to charge the Purchase Price for each lot for which such bidder is the successful bidder to the credit card number provided by telephone or on the absentee bid form, unless payment in full or alternative payment instruction is received within 14 days after the date of the auction. No property will be released

by Cowan’s unless the Purchase Price has been paid in full.

Institutional billing may be available, and should be arranged prior to the auction.

Cowan’s may impose late charges of 1.5% per month (or the highest interest rate allowed) on any amount owed to Cowan’s that remains unpaid after 30 days. Buyer shall be liable for any collection costs or attorney’s fees incurred by Cowan’s to collect payment, to the extent permitted by law.

15) SALES TAX. Buyers are required to pay any applicable state and local sales tax.

16) SHIPPING. At the request of the buyer, Cowan’s will authorize the shipment of purchased items usually within two weeks after payment has been received. Shipment is generally made via UPS or Fed-Ex Ground. Unless buyer gives special instructions, the shipping method shall be at the sole discretion Cowan’s Auctions. Cowan’s is in no way responsible for the acts or omissions of independent handlers, packers or shippers of purchased items or for any loss, damage or delay from the packing or shipping of any property.

ADVICE TO INTERNATIONAL BUYERS. Cowan’s will not ship any package containing a firearm to any location other than within the United States.

Buyers outside the United States must make their own shipping arrangements taking full risk for the transportation of any firearm.

Property made of or containing certain plant or animal materials, such as coral, crocodile, ivory, whalebone, baleen, tortoiseshell, etc., may require a license or certificate before exportation from the United States and importation to another country. If you are purchasing items that contain these materials, you need to check the government wildlife import requirements in the countries from which and to which the item is being shipped prior to bidding. Since the export and import licenses are independently issued by the countries of origin and destination, obtaining one does not guarantee that you can obtain the other. Purchasers are responsible for making timely payments on items won at auction, even if a license is delayed or denied.

17) SHIPPING CHARGES. Buyers are required to pay for all packing, shipping and insurance charges. Overseas duty charges are the responsibility of the successful bidder. Be aware that for larger and/or valuable items, shipping charges can be substantial.

18) REMOVAL AND STORAGE OF PROPERTY. If purchased property has not been removed, or Cowan’s has not received shipping instructions within 21 days after the auction date, a $10 per item per day storage fee may be charged to the buyer.

19) CANCELLATION OF SALE. If purchased property remains in the custody of Cowan’s for a period of 60 days following the auction, Cowan’s may, at its option, cancel the sale, retaining as liquidated damages any payments made by the buyer, or resell the property at auction or by any other commercially reasonable means, for the account and at the risk of the buyer, and in such event, buyer shall be liable for the payment of all deficiencies plus all of Cowan’s costs, including but not limited to storage and costs of both sales. This right of cancellation is in addition to any and all other remedies available to Cowan’s.

Copyright © 2014 Cowan’s Auctions SEE DETAILED DESCRIPTIONS, ADDITIONAL PHOTOGRAPHS AND CONDITION REPORTS OF ALL LOTS AT COWANS.COM

JUNE 13, 2014 CINCINNATI, OHIO

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ABSENTEE BID FORM REGISTRATION NO. ___________________________________________________

6270 Este Avenue Cincinnati, Ohio 45232 513.871.1670 Fax: 513.871.8670 info@cowans.com cowans.com

DATE/TIME RECEIVED _________________________________________________ PH/FAX_________________ MAIL___________ E-MAIL______________________ SALE NO. ___________________________________________________________ (FOR OFFICE USE ONLY)

Name (please print)____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Address______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ City__________________________________________________________ State_________________________________________ Zip______________________ Phone________________________________________Fax____________________________________________ Email____________________________________ I request that Cowan’s Auctions, Inc. (“Cowan’s”) (i) enter bids on the following lots up to the maximum price I have indicated for each lot in the “Absentee Bid” column; or (ii) reserve a telephone line for telephone bidding for the lots indicated. I request that if Cowan’s is unable to reach me for telephone bidding for a lot, that Cowan’s enter bids on such lot up to the maximum price indicated in the “Insurance Bid” column. I understand that Cowan’s will execute the absentee bids competitively on my behalf. I further understand that Cowan’s executes absentee bids and allows telephone bids as a convenience for customers and that Cowan’s is not responsible for failure to execute bids or for errors relating to the execution of my bids. I agree to be bound by the Terms and Conditions for Bidders printed in the auction catalog and listed on Cowan’s web site www.cowanauctions.com and I understand that I am responsible for determining the condition and authenticity of any lot, and that all items are sold AS IS with no returns or refunds. By submitting this Absentee Bid Form, I authorize Cowan’s to obtain a copy of my individual consumer credit report and authorize Cowan’s, at its sole discretion, to use the information contained therein to make business decisions regarding my participation in the bidding process.

Lot No.

Description

Absentee Bid I Wish to Bid by Phone Insurance Bid

(phone bidders only)

If my bid is successful, I understand that the purchase price for each lot will be the sum of the hammer price, the buyer’s premium, sales tax and all packing, handling, insurance and shipping costs (the “purchase price”). I understand that I will be invoiced within 5 days after the auction and that I will be responsible for paying Cowan’s the full purchase price immediately upon receipt of the invoice. Cowan’s may impose late charges of 1.5% per month (or the highest interest rate allowed) on any amount owed to Cowan’s that remains unpaid after 30 days. By signing this absentee bid form I authorize Cowan’s to charge the credit card listed below for the full purchase price of each lot for which my bid is successful, unless payment in full or alternative payment instructions are received by Cowan’s within 14 days after the date of the auction.

Visa/Mastercard Number_______________________________________ Exp. Date_________________ Security Code (3 or 4 digit number on credit card)________ Print Name (as it appears on credit card)_________________________________________Signature (must be signed)______________________________________

How did you find out about the auction?

(Please check as many as appropriate) q Received printed flier q Received printed catalogue q Received email blast q Saw it on our website 320

COWAN’S AMERICAN HISTORY

q Saw an advertisement Which publication: __________________________________________________________ q Referred by a friend q Other: ____________________________________________________________________

Cowan’s 6270 Este Avenue Cincinnati, Ohio 45232 513.871.1670 fax 513.871.8670 info@cowans.com cowans.com