FUN學美國英語閱讀課本：各學科實用課文2

美國英語閱讀課本 各學科實用課文

二版

2 附

Workbook +MP3

READING KEY 作者

Michael A. Putlack & e-Creative Contents

譯者

丁宥暄

Table of Contents Chapter 1

Social Studies • History and Geography Theme: Building Citizenship

Theme: Our Earth and Its Resources Unit 09

Natural Resources 28

Unit 10

Caring for Our Resources 30

Theme: Native Americans and Their Culture

Unit 01

Building Citizenship 8

Unit 11

Native Americans 32

Unit 02

Different Kinds of Communities 10

Unit 12

Early American Empires 34

Theme: Community Laws and Leaders Unit 03

The Leaders of Government 12

Unit 04

Martin Luther King, Jr. 14

Vocabulary Review 3 36 Wrap-Up Test 1 38

Vocabulary Review 1 16 Theme: Lots of Jobs Unit 05

Many Jobs 18

Unit 06

Volunteers and Community Jobs 20

Chapter 2

Science

Theme: Living and Nonliving Things

Theme: Maps and Directions

Unit 13

What Are Living Things? 40

Unit 07

What Is a Map? 22

Unit 14

How Do Living Things Survive in the Cold? 42

Unit 08

Maps and Directions 24

Vocabulary Review 2 26

Theme: A World of Plants Unit 15

How Do Plants Grow and Change? 44

Unit 16

How Do Plants Survive in the Desert? 46

Vocabulary Review 4 48 Theme: A World of Animals

4

Unit 17

Kinds of Animals 50

Unit 18

Insects 52

Theme: The Life Cycle

Theme: Learning about Language

Unit 19

The Life Cycle of an Animal 54

Unit 29

Parts of Speech 82

Unit 20

The Life Cycle of a Frog 56

Unit 30

Contractions and Abbreviations 84

Vocabulary Review 5 58 Theme: The Food Chain Unit 21

What Are Food Chains? 60

Unit 22

The Ocean Food Chain 62

Theme: The Solar System

Theme: Types of Writing Unit 31

Types of Writing 86

Unit 32

The Emperor’s New Clothes 88

Vocabulary Review 8 90 Theme: A World of Paintings

Unit 23

What Is the Solar System? 64

Unit 33

A World of Colors 92

Unit 24

What Causes the Seasons? 66

Unit 34

Lines and Shapes 94

Vocabulary Review 6 68 Wrap-Up Test 2 70

Theme: A World of Music Unit 35

Musicians and Their Instruments 96

Unit 36

Mozart and Beethoven 98

Vocabulary Review 9 100 Chapter 3

Mathematics • Language • Visual Arts • Music Theme: Addition and Subtraction Unit 25

Addition and Subtraction 72

Unit 26

Counting Money 74

Wrap-Up Test 3 102

• Word List 104 • Answers and Translations

113

Workbook for Daily Review

Theme: Time Unit 27

Telling Time 76

Unit 28

Reading a Calendar 78

Vocabulary Review 7 80

5

Unit

Building Citizenship

01

Building Citizenship 01

Key Words

• citizenship • caring • responsibility • honesty

We live together in a community.

How can you be a better citizen in your community?

There are seven ways to show good citizenship: caring, responsibility, honesty, courage, fairness, respect, and loyalty.

Caring means thinking about what others need.

• courage

Good citizens look after their neighbors and care for others.

• fairness

Responsibility means doing the things you should do.

• respect

Always try to be a responsible person.

• loyalty • truth

Good citizens should be honest.

Honesty means telling the truth.

It is not always easy to do the right thing.

That is why a good citizen needs courage, too.

Courage means being brave even when it is hard.

Good citizens treat others fairly and with respect.

Finally, good citizens are loyal to their friends, family, community,

There are many ways to show good citizenship.

8

and country. caring

responsibility

honesty

fairness

respect and loyalty

courage

Main Idea and Details

1

What is the main idea of the passage? a. People live together in communities. b. A good citizen should always be loyal. c. There are many ways to show good citizenship.

2

A person does the things he or she is supposed to do. a. responsible b. brave c. loyal

3

What does an honest person do? a. Tell the truth. b. Have courage.

Social Studies • History and Geography

1

c. Care for others.

4

Complete the sentences. a. Citizens live together in a . b. A person has a lot of courage. c. People should each other with respect.

5

Complete the outline.

Good Citizenship Caring and Responsibility

Honesty and Courage

•a

• Tell the b

after neighbors.

• Do the things you should do.

Fairness and Respect .

• Be brave.

Loyalty

• Be c

to others.

• Respect others.

• Be d

to your people and country.

Vocabulary Builder

Write the correct word and the meaning in Chinese.

1

▶

3

▶

the rights and responsibilities that a citizen has

2

▶

the ability to do something that you know is difficult or dangerous

4

▶

treating people in a way that does not favor some over others

being loyal to one’s friends, community, and country

9

Unit

Maps and Directions

07

What Is a Map? 07

Key Words

• map • view • entire • location

A map is a drawing of a place.

It looks like a view from above.

It might show cities, states, or countries.

It might show a small neighborhood or the entire world.

Maps can be very helpful.

• symbol

Mostly, we use them to find locations.

• stand for

We also use them to show how far one place is from another.

• map key • title

Most maps have symbols on them.

• map feature

A symbol is a picture that stands for a real thing on a map.

There could be symbols for houses, buildings, rivers, mountains, streets, and more.

Maps have a map key.

A map key explains what the symbols on a map mean.

Maps also have titles.

The title tells you what the map shows.

These map features help us read and use the maps.

A map is a drawing of a real place.

map symbol

title

School

Hospital

Church

Gas Station

map key

22

Main Idea and Details

1

What is the passage mainly about? a. Who uses maps. b. What maps look like. c. How big maps are.

2

A explains the symbols on a map. a. location b. map key

c. title

3

What are the pictures that stand for real things on maps? a. Symbols. b. Buildings. c. Rivers.

4

Complete the sentences. a. A map shows the view of something from . b. A map can show the of many places. c. , like the map key and title, help us read maps.

5

Complete the outline.

Maps

What They Do • Show a

from

above.

• Show locations.

• Show how far one place is from another.

Social Studies • History and Geography

1

Symbols • Are b

Map Key and Title

that stand for

• Explain what the c

real things.

• Can represent houses, buildings, mountains, and streets.

mean.

• Tell what the map shows.

Vocabulary Builder

Write the correct word and the meaning in Chinese.

1

▶

3

▶

School

Hospital

Church

Gas Station

a drawing of a place or an area

2

▶

a table of symbols that shows what the symbols on a map mean

4

▶

a place or position

to have (a specified meaning)

23

Unit

Living and Nonliving Things

14

How Do Living Things Survive in the Cold?

14

Key Words

• Antarctica

The coldest place on Earth is Antarctica.

The temperature there is always below freezing.

But many animals still live there.

• below

How do they manage to survive in such cold weather?

• manage to

These animals have adapted their bodies to the cold.

• survive

Seals and whales in Antarctica have many layers of fat.

freezing

• adapt • layer • fat • think • feather

This fat helps keep their bodies warm.

Penguins stay warm because they have small and thick feathers.

Some plants and animals live in the Arctic tundra.

• Arctic tundra

Many tundra animals have thick fur to keep them warm.

• fur

Plants do not grow very tall there.

They grow in groups close to the ground.

This protects them from the cold and the wind.

What about humans?

Clothing helps people stay warm the same way animals’ fur does.

How have plants and animals adapted to living in the cold?

Seals have many layers of fat.

42

Polar bears have thick fur and fat.

Arctic plants grow in groups close to the ground.

Main Idea and Details

2

What is the passage mainly about? a. Why seals have lots of fat b. Which plants can grow in the Arctic tundra c. How animals and plants survive in cold places

2

What lets penguins stay warm in cold places? a. Their feathers. b. Their fat.

c. Their fur.

What does thick mean? a. Heavy. b. Fat.

c. Thin.

3

Science

1

4

According to the passage, which statement is true? a. No plants are able to grow in the Arctic tundra. b. Clothing keeps people warm like fur does for animals. c. Whales have thick fur to keep them warm.

5

Complete the outline.

Surviving in the Cold Antarctica

Arctic Tundra

• Seals and whales have

layers of fat.

• Penguins have small and thick a .

Humans

• Animals have thick b • Plants grow in groups

close to the

c

.

• Must wear d

to stay warm.

.

Vocabulary Builder

Write the correct word and the meaning in Chinese.

1

▶

3

▶

to remain alive : to continue to live

2

▶

the continent surrounding the South Pole

4

▶

to change something to fit a new environment

of or relating to the North Pole or the region around it

43

Unit

The Solar System

23

What Is the Solar System?

23

Key Words

• solar system • be made up of

We all live on Earth.

Earth is part of a larger system called the solar system.

The solar system is made up of the sun and the planets.

A planet is a huge object that moves around the sun.

• planet

There are eight planets in the solar system.

• object

Earth is one of eight planets that orbit the sun.

• orbit • path • distance

In order of the planets from the sun, they are: Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune.

The sun is the center of the solar system.

The eight planets move in paths around the sun.

Each path is called an orbit.

The planets are different from one another.

Some are smaller than Earth. Others are larger.

They look different, and they are at different distances from the sun.

There are eight planets in the solar system.

64

Main Idea and Details

2

What is the passage mainly about? a. The characteristics of the planets. b. The planets in the solar system. c. The distance of the planets from the sun.

2

The farthest planet from the sun is a. Earth b. Mercury

3

Science

1

.

What does orbit mean? a. Fly. b. Go through.

4

According to the passage, which statement is true? a. The planets all move around the sun. b. Earth is the center of the solar system. c. The planets all have the same size.

5

Complete the outline.

c. Neptune c. Move around.

The Solar System Sun • The a

Planets

of the solar

system.

• Has all of the planets orbiting it.

• Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, b

Uranus, and Neptune.

• Orbit the sun.

• Are different sizes.

• Are at different c

,

from the sun.

Vocabulary Builder

Write the correct word and the meaning in Chinese.

1

▶

3

▶

the sun and the planets

2

▶

a track; a way that allows you to move forward

4

▶

a large, round object in space that travels around a star

the curved path that something follows as it goes around something else 65

Unit

Learning About Language

29

Parts of Speech 29

Key Words

• sentence • subject • verb

Every sentence has a subject and a verb.

Tom runs fast.

She eats pizza.

In the sentences above, Tom and She are subjects, and runs and eats are verbs.

The subject is usually a noun.

A noun names a person, place, or thing.

A verb describes the action in a sentence.

Sing, dance, smile, and laugh are all verbs.

Nouns and verbs are the most important parts of speech in a sentence.

• noun • describe • part of

speech

• pronoun • adjective • adverb • preposition • location

We also use other parts of speech.

Pronouns are words like I, he, she, it, we, you, and they.

We use pronouns in place of nouns.

Adjectives are words that describe nouns and pronouns. a pretty dog

a tall boy

a happy cat

Pretty, tall, and happy are all adjectives.

Adverbs describe verbs.

He cried suddenly.

She walks slowly.

Prepositions often help us with location.

They are words like in, on, under, above, and by.

Parts of Speech

Tom runs fast.

subject 82

verb

She eats pizza.

pronoun

noun

a pretty dog

adjective

He cried suddenly.

adverb

The pencil is on the notebook.

preposition

Main Idea and Details

What is the main idea of the passage? a. Adjectives describe nouns and pronouns. b. There are many different parts of speech. c. A sentence must have a subject and verb in it.

2

I, he, and she are examples of a. nouns b. pronouns

3

3 Mathematics • Language • Visual Arts • Music

1

. c. verbs

What does an adverb do? a. It describes verbs. b. It describes nouns.

c. It describes pronouns.

4

According to the passage, which statement is true? a. A noun can be a person, place, or thing. b. Pronouns are used in place of adjectives. c. A verb describes a noun.

5

Complete the outline.

Parts of Speech Noun

• A person, a , or thing.

• An important part of speech.

Adjective

Verb

• Describes the b in a sentence.

• An important part of speech.

Adverb

Describes verb.

• I, he, she, it, we, you, and they.

• Is used in c a noun.

Preposition

Helps with e

Pronoun

d

and pronouns.

nouns

.

Vocabulary Builder

Write the correct word and the meaning in Chinese.

1

▶

a happy cat

3

suddenly, slowly, quickly

▶

to say what something or someone is like

2

a part of speech that describes verbs

4

▶

pretty, ugly, heavy, thin

on, in, above, by, under

▶

a word that describes a noun or a pronoun

a part of speech like on, in, above, and by

83

Mozart and Beethove Unit

A World of Music

36

Mozart and Beethoven 36

Key Words

• composer • write music

Composers write, or compose, music.

Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart was one of the world’s greatest composers.

He was a child genius.

• compose

He played the piano and composed music from a young age.

• genius

Mozart toured all over Europe.

• tour • outstanding • opera • symphony • settle down • go deaf

He wrote many outstanding pieces of music.

He composed operas, symphonies, masses, and many other pieces.

Sadly, he died when he was only 35 years old.

Ludwig van Beethoven was another great composer.

Like Mozart, he also traveled to play music.

But he soon settled down in Vienna.

He was an excellent pianist.

But he started going deaf when he was around 30.

Still, he continued to play and compose music.

His Ninth Symphony is one of the world’s most famous pieces of music.

Today, people still listen to Mozart’s and Beethoven’s music.

Great Composers

Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart

98

a scene in Mozart’s opera Don Giovanni

Ludwig van Beethoven

Main Idea and Details

3

What is the passage mainly about? a. The life of Mozart. b. Two outstanding composers. c. Beethoven’s Ninth Symphony.

2

What happened to Mozart when he was thirty-five years old? a. He started composing music. b. He went deaf.

3

What does toured mean? a. Lived. b. Traveled.

Mathematics • Language • Visual Arts • Music

1

c. He died.

c. Wrote.

4

Complete the sentences. a. Mozart began to compose music when he was a . b. started to go deaf when he was around thirty. c. One of Beethoven’s works was the .

5

Complete the outline.

Great Composers Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart • Was a child a

Ludwig van Beethoven

.

• Settled down in Vienna.

• Began going c

• Composed and played music as a child.

• Composed b

masses.

• Died when he was 35.

when he was 30.

• Continued to play and d .

• His Ninth Symphony is very famous.

, symphonies, and

Vocabulary Builder

Write the correct word and the meaning in Chinese.

1

▶

3

▶

a person who writes music

2

▶

a very smart or talented person

4

▶

to write music

to become being unable to hear

99

Vocabulary

A

Review 9

Complete the sentences with the words below. straight come in

B

secondary horizontal

1

The three primary colors are red, yellow, and

2

We can

3

Orange, purple, and green are the three

4

Lines

5

Lines can be fine or

6

A line that goes from left to right is called a

7

A line that moves up or down at an angle is called a

8

A square is formed by four

rough mix

.

red and yellow to get orange. colors.

all types: straight, curved, zigzag, wavy, and spiral. , too. line. line.

lines.

Complete the sentences with the words below. symphonies musicians

100

blue diagonal

organists composers

trombonist instruments

deaf famous

1

There are many kinds of

.

2

In an orchestra,

3

The piano and organ are played by pianists and

4

A trumpeter plays the trumpet. And a

5

Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart was one of the world’s greatest

6

Mozart composed operas,

7

Ludwig van Beethoven started going

8

Beethoven’s Ninth Symphony is one of the world’s most pieces of music.

play all of these instruments. . plays the trombone. .

, masses, and many other pieces. when he was around 30.

C

D

Write the correct word and the meaning in Chinese.

1

▶

3

▶

5

▶

colors that you can mix together to make any other color

2

▶

to add to something else

4

▶

a musician who plays a drum

6

▶

colors that you can get from mixing primary colors together

a shape which winds round and round

a person who writes music

Match each word with the correct definition and write the meaning in Chinese.

1

combine

2

curved

3

wavy

4

form

5

belong to

6

musician

7

trumpeter

8

compose

9

genius

10

go deaf

a. having waves b. to write music c. to make a shape d. rounded ; bent

a group e. to be a member of unable to hear f. to become being to mix together g. to join together ; ays a trumpet h. a musician who pl s a musical i. a person who play or as job instrument very well s very high level of j. someone who ha intelligence or ability

101

Wrap-Up Test A

3

Write the correct word for each sentence. subtraction in place of

2

There are several kinds of coins and

3

6:00 means the

4

A calendar shows

5

We use pronouns

6

Many

7

A biography and autobiography are

8

The emperor gave them a lot of money and told them to

9

With the three

10

Mozart was a child

weave genius

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15

bills time

in American money.

6 o’clock. in days, weeks, and months. nouns. begin with a capital letter and end with a period. .

colors, we can make other colors. .

Write the meanings of the words in Chinese.

1

102

same as nonfiction

is taking a number away from another one.

1

B

primary abbreviations

plus (+) minus (–) equals (=) penny dime minute hand calendar be worth half-dollar row adjective adverb contraction fiction emperor

16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30

describe shorten abbreviate biography thief primary color secondary color combine curved wavy spiral form belong to musician composer

the magic cloth.