Sector of Protection and Security in Serbia 2015

Guide

SECTOR OF PROTECTION AND SECURITY IN SERBIA 2015

ANY 2012

INTERVIEW

More Resistant to Disasters

Despite the difficult financial situation in the country, and thanks to the understanding of the most responsible people in the Serbia Government regarding the need for, and importance of, capacity building for protection and rescue, a new system has been created that should enable much stronger and more effective preventative action in the case of emergency situations PREDRAG MARIĆ, CHIEF OF THE EMERGENCY SITUATIONS DEPARTMENT AT THE SERBIAN INTERIOR MINISTRY

I

nvesting in the system of protection, rescue and prevention is not an expense, but rather an investment, says Predrag Marić, chief of the Emergency Situations Department at the Serbian Ministry of Internal Affairs.

• What are the key lessons we learned during last year's floods and how much better equipped is the Serbian system today when it comes to responding to the challenges of such a situation? What are the key innovations brought about by the Law on Emergency Situations? At this moment, how capable is Serbia of responding institutionally to the challenges of emergencies at the national and local levels?

- Immediately after the May floods, the

governments. According to the proposed amendments to the Law on Emergency Situations, responsible persons within local government units will have to do everything to prevent such situations, or rather to ensure that the consequences are reduced to a minimum. Failure to do this will find them legally accountable.

Then, the aforementioned amendments will see municipalities receive a manager for emergency situations. This will be a professional who will be responsible for threat assessments, rescue plans and a generally more serious approach to this problem.

Moreover, a number of changes are also planned in this regard, such as a faster way to mobilise the population in the case of natural disasters, enabling faster and more efficient communication between

ACCORDING TO THE PROPOSED AMENDMENTS TO THE LAW ON EMERGENCY SITUATIONS, RESPONSIBLE PERSONS WITHIN LOCAL GOVERNMENT UNITS WILL HAVE TO DO EVERYTHING TO PREVENT SUCH SITUATIONS Ministry of Internal Affairs launch the procedure of changing regulations, first and foremost the Law on Emergency Situations, with the aim of eliminating the shortcomings of the system that were identified during the disaster. The need was recognised to be a lot more attention to preventative action, primarily at the level of local

2

SECURITY

those subjected to protection and rescue, effectively financing the emergency services, and many others which, following the floods that befell us in 2014, will make Serbia a country more resistant to disasters.

• How certain is it that there are existing financial resources for funding envisaged

investments in equipment and manpower, considering, for instance, that they aren’t enough vehicles for extinguishing fires, while this service and the introduction of managers for emergency situations envisages new employment in the administration at a time when their number is being limited?

- A system for protection and rescue is expensive, and the problem we have as a department is enusring continuity in funding.

In accordance with the economic situation in the country, the situation is expected to improve and what we are striving for is to ensure a stable way of financing the service. I would note that investing in a system of protection, rescue and prevention really isn't a cost, but rather an investment, because one euro invested in this regard leads to savings of seven euros and more.

As for the issue of employment in positions of manager for emergencies, we are also aware of this problem. One way to resolve this issue is to transfer staff from other services who will do this job. And the work of a professional, non-political person will definitely pay off. Of course, precisely because of the insistence that this be a qualified person, their results will be the only indicator justifying their position.

• The first civil protection units were formed in Serbia this year. Where is their place in the new protection system?

- Despite the difficult financial situation in the country, and thanks to the understanding shown by the most responsible people in the Government of Serbia regarding the need for, and the importance of, capacity building for protection and rescue services, support has been forthcoming for the efforts of the Department for Emergency Situations to develop its professional strengths and, in tandem with that, also develop a reserve capacity comprising specialised civil protection units.

Having learned from the experiences we faced last year as a country, it has become clear that more strength and resources must be invested in order to improve the entire protection and rescue system, through the parallel development of both the sector’s professional forces and the capacity comprising civil protection units. By developing these units, we will acquire much needed additional forces that can be deployed in emergencies of such scale and intensity that their consequences cannot be prevented and mitigated by the regular operations of professional fire and rescue units and other services.

In the past year, 33 units, with about 1,000 members of civilian protection services, have passed through the cycle of basic training. The 92 per cent response rate to the training of members of civil protection units was more than expected. We are proudest of this part of the story. Within the framework of trained units, three are at the national level: for rescues from rubble; for protection and rescue on and under water; and for taking care of threatened populations. The process of equipping specialised civil protection units has also been initiated. A total of 1,000 uniforms were acquired in the first wave, and another 1,000 new uniforms are expected.

The first civil protection units are ready for action and are expected to become fully operational next year.

• Serbia also recently became a full member of the EU’s Mechanism for Civil Protection. What kinds of rights and obligations does membership imply?

- After signing the agreement on the accession of the Republic of Serbia to

the Mechanism for Civil Protection of the European Union on 16th April 2015, Serbia became the 32nd Member State of the Mechanism for Civil Protection, which eases cooperation in terms of emergency response. Activation of the Mechanism is envisaged as occurring when the capacities of a country hit by disaster are insufficient to ensure an adequate response, due to a lack of available resources. The states included in the Mechanism pool the resources that they can make available to countries struck by disaster. Upon activation, the Mechanism quickly and efficiently coordinates the provision of assistance within the European Union and beyond its borders.

112 number are estimated at 17 million euros. And it is estimated that it is necessary to secure around another 200,000 euros to provide technical support for one year after the completion and commissioning of the system. In this sense, it is necessary to secure the necessary funds to improve the system, in addition to funds for technical support and updating data used by the system.

• What do the new regulations mean for citizens and what are their obligations under the new system?

- The amendments to this part of the Law on Emergency Situations deal with the compulsory participation of citizens in protection and rescue at the invitation of the competent department for emergency situations. Penalties are also envisaged for non-compliance with these provisions. In practice, it often happens that in emergency cases, when a number of people or properties are threatened, citizens react instinctively and are not interested in watching from the side lines because they deem that to be the obligation of the state and local authorities. Failing to ensure the timely participation of citizens in simple tasks of protection and

IN THE PAST YEAR, 33 UNITS, WITH ABOUT 1,000 MEMBERS OF CIVILIAN PROTECTION SERVICES, HAVE PASSED THROUGH THE CYCLE OF BASIC TRAINING. THE 92 PER CENT RESPONSE RATE TO THE TRAINING OF MEMBERS OF CIVIL PROTECTION UNITS WAS MORE THAN EXPECTED. WE ARE PROUDEST OF THIS PART OF THE STORY • What will Serbia gain by introducing a unique emergency services call number, 112, and how will its introduction be financed?

- The European number for emergencies, 112, was introduced in the European Union several years ago and represents an operational-technical system that allows EU citizens to get help very quickly when calling this number, regardless of whether the emergency relates to natural disasters, criminal acts or health problems . The introduction of this call number integrates the activities of the Sector for Emergency Situations, the police and the Ministry of Health. The funds necessary for introduction of the

4 | INTERNATIONAL GERMANY 2012

rescue (filling sandbags, making embankments on threatened riverbanks, unravelling fire hoses, supplying water, using rakes or backpacks to fight forest fires, etc.) significantly slows down the process of saving people and property, which can have grave consequences. Moreover, based on previous negative experiences in emergency situations, when a competent department issues an order to evacuate and citizens refuse to leave their homes, thereby endangering not only their own lives but also the lives of rescuers, a new provision has been included that empowers the competent authorities to carry out a forced evacuation, while appropriate penalties are also envisaged. ■

SECURITY

3

INTERVIEW

Comprehensive Approach to

IT Security

Saga has recognised the importance of security challenges and risks, as well as the market’s need for a response to these challenges in a comprehensive manner VIKTOR VARGA

Business Development Manager at Saga

A

t the beginning of this year, in the framework of the World Economic Forum in Davos, a panel discussion was held that brought together the executive directors of IT companies and focused on cybersecurity, as an integral part of the business. Pierre Nanterm, CEO of Accenture (revenue of $32 billion in 2014), said that the four main challenges in the coming years will be security, security, security and security. To check whether we in Serbia are addressing IT security in the right way, we spoke to Viktor Varga, Business Developer Manager at Saga and an expert in the field of IT security.

• In which way has IT security changed today and why it is now an indispensable part of every organisation?

- At a time when ways of doing business are inevitably changing from traditional to digital, cybersecurity is of increasing importance. Its importance does not stop merely at the domain of institutions that have some kind of IT infrastructure, but rather it

even greater, around 475 billion dollars – seven times as much! This means that the current default security solutions, regardless of the enormous investments, are insufficient to cope with today’s challenges.

That’s precisely why it is necessary to view information security comprehensively.

Saga has recognised the importance of security challenges and risks, as well as the market’s need for a response to these challenges through a holistic view that sees security as a unique approach, and not just as a set of separate products in the security domain. This is best reflected in paradigm views of 360 degrees. For us, Security 360 is not a platitude, or a hot story to sell, but rather the way we approach each client.

• How does your company see the problem of digital security and how can it be resolved?

- Saga has a large number of partnerships with leading security vendors and those partnerships are maintained at the highest level, which is an indication of

ETHICAL HACKING AND PENETRATION TESTING ARE SERVICES THAT ARE IN OUR NARROWEST FOCUS AND THEY CAN DEMONSTRATE THE SECURITY RISKS THAT EXIST IN IT SYSTEMS IN THE MOST REALISTIC WAY has spread from the global level, via the national and organisational levels, all the way to the personal level. Unfortunately, many potential victims of these crimes still do not understand the importance of protection. In the lastGERMANY year alone some | 4 INTERNATIONAL 201271 billion dollars was invested in this area, which is a huge amount of money, but the losses were

4

SECURITY

our commitment and expertise regarding relevant technologies. I can also say that we are nurturing a “vendor-agnostic” approach, i.e. not being dependent on individual vendors and their individual approaches, but rather seeking to always find a set of solutions for our clients that will be optimal for their needs.

But all this is of lesser importance. Our greatest value is our people, in whose knowledge we are investing continuously.

We have knowledge and certifications that focus on specific technologies, as well as technology specific manufacturers, but also expert knowledge in the field of security, such as ISO 27001-implementor. We are especially proud that we also have a certified ethical hacker in the team. Ethical hacking and penetration testing are services that are in our narrowest focus and they can demonstrate the security risks that exist in IT systems in the most realistic way.

• The market is changing. How much does this cause a change in the understanding of IT security?

- The main problem that enterprises face today in the area of security, like in the area of doing business generally, is the fact that the way markets function is changing completely. I will give you just a few examples - Airbnb, a system that generates the highest number of overnight stays in the world, does not possess a single bed; Uber, the world’s biggest taxi carrier, does not own a single taxi; and Amazon, the world’s largest bookseller, does not have a single traditional bookshop...

What does this tell us? That the real value in the digital economy is in information.

As such, because of the nature of digital forms of information, we are forced to keep them on IT platforms. That’s why my main message is that cybersecurity is an indispensable and essential element of the digital economy and any company’s digital strategy. ■

SECURITY

5

INTERVIEW

Important Application of the Law Only when the profile of the domain of activity is completely defined, through strict application of the law, will it be able to realise its potential

ZORAN MILIĆEVIĆ

Secretary of the Association for Private Security at the Serbian Chamber of Commerce

T

here are 579 companies operating in Serbia that are engaged in providing some forms of security services, and within the framework of the Association some 244 companies are actively represented. Implementation of the Law on Private Security should contribute to better regulation of this domain of activity, as well as reducing the impact of the grey economy in this area, says Zoran Milićević, secretary of the association.

• The security sector is becoming an increasingly significant factor, with an increasing number of companies and workers employed in this domain. How many companies operate in this sector

the third pillar of National security, as defined in the National Security Strategy. However, due to a lack of awareness of political structures, as well as relations between the legislative and executive authorities regarding this area, this area was not normatively regulated until 2013. This fact alone contributed to a large number of companies operating without being properly registered with the Serbian Business Registers Agency (APR) with the appropriate domain of activity code.

Under the auspices of the Association, some 244 firms are actively represented within the framework of core activities of physical protection - 80.10, technical security 80.20 and investigation activities 80.30. They are cat-

THE PRIMARY INVESTMENT IS IN THE PERSON – THE SECURITY OFFICERS, BECAUSE THEY ARE THE MAIN SUBJECT, REGARDLESS OF WHETHER THIS RELATES TO PHYSICAL OR TECHNICAL SECURITY, AND ONLY THEN COMES EQUIPMENT today, according to the SCC’s data?

- The sector, or rather domain of activity of private security, is an important factor to overall security, as it emerged as a result of the chaotic and unclear transformation of the security sector in the period since 1993. It now normatively and doctrinally assumes the position of

6

SECURITY

4 | INTERNATIONAL GERMANY 2012

egorised into four groups: for physical security, for technical security, for detective activities and self-protection activities (including critical infrastructure which partly has its own security, and that number is shown within the specified number of firms). Likewise, in addition to registered companies

there are also so-called wild security firms, which comprise formally unregistered groups dealing with security at raft bars, cafés and nightclubs.

APR statistics related to the situation in 2014 show that 579 companies operating in Serbia are engaged in providing some forms of security services.

However, technical security is dealt with by a far greater number of companies, as companies from some electrical or other domains also participate in the market.

• How much do companies dealing with security today need to invest in equipment (specialised vehicles, equipment) and to what extent has this contributed to boosting this sector and the appearance of serious market players?

- The primary investment is in the person – the security officers, because they are the main subject, regardless of whether this relates to physical or technical security, and only then comes equipment. This is about huge amounts of money and, according to estimates, is around 20 per cent of the contracted labour price. However, often the main subject – the person – is neglected due to undeclared work and more is invested in equipment.

• Two Serbian Chamber of Commerce associations – the Association for Private Security and the Association of IT activities, supported the implementation of the International Fair of security facilities infrastructure people and business - iSEC. How much are the sector business and the IT sector intertwined today?

- The evolution of communications has led to almost a complete removal of borders between communications channels.

However, in Serbia there is still a battle between PR, digital and advertising, even though the essence lies in the results, not in any of those channels separately. It is necessary to enable an integrated, strategic approach to communications and create a synergy between PR, advertising and digital communications.

• To what extent has the introduction of modern security systems contributed to demand for a new type of personnel – security controllers, especially in the banking and insurance sectors?

- Security managers at banks function well within the framework of the business policies of banks directed towards security. Personnel in insurance companies, especially evaluators, are also significantly represented in the profession, although the policies of insurance companies are not directed towards the demands of a higher level of security. We are working on this are and often discuss it with them, while a special section of the fair programme is dedicated to this problem.

• How much does the sector of managing building security and operations change under the influence of technology and what do such changes mean for the training and licensing of individuals who provide security services?

- This is a daily occurrence in the world,

THE DOMAIN OF ACTIVITY OF PRIVATE SECURITY IS AN IMPORTANT FACTOR TO OVERALL SECURITY, AND STRICT APPLICATION OF THE LAW SHOULD BRING PROFESSIONALIZATION TO THIS IMPORTANT SEGMENT because technology is advancing day by day. Additionally, standards are being introduced in monitoring and implementing all technology with methodology. In our country this is only in its infancy and is largely conditioned by the economic situation. Representatives of the association initiated and established two committees at the Institute for Standardisation of the Republic of Serbia. Three national standards have been declared, with more than 60 European standards in the field of alarm systems adopted and promulgated. Of course, in addition to licensing, it is understood that additional training is required for legal entities and employees must be familiar with the trends in this field. For now this is just an idea that was accepted at the level of the Association through the Strategy for Professional Training and Development, but implementation will depend on many elements.

4 | INTERNATIONAL GERMANY 2012

• What do you expect in practice from the Law on Private Security?

- Firstly, absolute application of the law and, as a consequence, the professionalisation of the industry. Then an adequate role for the expert council of the minister to be constituted on the basis of the Decision of the Minister of Internal Affairs between representatives of the Association and the interior ministry.

• In addition to laws, a series of bylaws and regulations governing this area have been enacted. What are the key goals of these bylaws?

- Elaboration of the law and the implementation of the law in various fields.

The essence is the licensing of security officers and legal entities in this area, but other segments are no less important. The ultimate goal is to clearly de-

fine the profile of the private security domain of activity.

• Where do you see possibilities for public-private partnerships in the security sector?

- The Association launched and implemented an initiative back in 2011 on the formation of the Commission for Public-Private Partnerships in the security sector between the SCC’s association and the Serbian Interior Ministry on the basis of the Memorandum of Cooperation signed between the SCC’s association and the ministry. This commission includes the participation of all relevant factors dealing with this segment in Serbia. Goals are realised in several stages, with the priority being the adoption of the Law on Private Security and associated bylaws, the second phase being the defining of areas in which PPP is the easiest to achieve (operational and strategic objectives established on the basis of two conferences held), and the third stage being the selection of a partnership whose results concern citizens, the safety of local governments and critical infrastructure. Such a partnership would also encompass public gatherings and sporting events, the “School policeman” project, security of important facilities and critical infrastructure, street security, traffic control, safety on rivers, etc.

• Recently, following the terrible flooding in Serbia, there was discussion of the possibility of companies engaged in the security system being included in state protection structures in the case of emergencies. How does the SCC help in this process?

- Companies in this sector gave their contributions during the major flooding of 2014. Immediately after the flood, we considered all experiences and offered recommendations from expert meetings to all relevant ministries. Likewise, for the purposes of the legal regulation of respective roles in this segment, we submitted proposals for amendments to the Law on the Security Council, which are now under consideration. We expect a new law by the end of the year. ■

SECURITY

7

INTERVIEW

Knowledge According to Market Demands

The Faculty of Diplomacy and Security is the only college in the region that organises studies in the field of corporate security NENAD ĐORĐEVIĆ, PH.D.

Dean of the Faculty of Diplomacy and Security

T

he Faculty of Diplomacy and Security provides students with knowledge in the field of diplomacy, security and journalism, preparing them for all areas of work and thus enabling them to easily secure employment.

• Enrolment is currently underway at your faculty. What novelties and innovations can you announce?

- The biggest names in the field of diplomacy and security are employed at the college and are teaching the tenth generation of undergraduate students. Moreover, classes are also held on academic master studies, while doctoral studies begin at the end of October this year. Our faculty is in trend; it is the only college in the region to organise studies in the field of corporate security.

The creativity of teachers and associates is transferred to students, as well as the development of a

high degree of responsibility for the functioning of large systems. In this way, qualified students can easily secure work.

• It is interesting that you connect diplomacy, security and journalism – three segments that provide deep insight into the state of any society. Why? - By linking these three programmes in a unified whole, we are showing that this is a functional system for the collection and distribution of information. In this way we are raising the level of awareness of students to help them deal with those responsible jobs. In order to achieve this, we have employed the most significant Serbian figures. The programme leader is Duška Jovanić with her team. Students will be familiarised with all the techniques of print and electronic journalism.

This diverse and unique programme was designed according to the modern tendencies of the world

of journalism, and has the task of building professionals, future authors of newspaper articles, radio and television journalists, bloggers, creators of internet content and media entrepreneurs. We will be the only ones in the country to have specialised courses in the fields of storytelling, new media and photojournalism, including practical work with mentors and guest speakers from the region who have inspired hundreds of thousands of people.

• You are also launching vocational training and licensing companies and individuals to perform private security jobs?

- As a leading educational institution in the field of security, our college received, in accordance with the law, a license from the Ministry of the Interior for the training of private security personnel.

Upon completion of the training, they receive certificates allowing them to perform this activity. 

www.netplanet.rs

IT4business

rent a MFP from 8â‚Ź monthly

Protect information and gain more control over printing, scanning, copying and faxing e: office@netplanet.rs

t: +381 11 744 62 79

Sharpen your device, data, and document security 9 SECURITY

INTERVIEW

Security is a Need, Not an Obligation There is no precise information in Serbia on what percentage of total trade is lost due to petty theft in retail, even though, judging by the experience of other states, this is an extremely significant sum of money GORAN J. MANDIĆ

Professor at the University of Belgrade’s Faculty of Security Studies

U

ntil 1993 the area of the protection of persons, property and business was regulated by the Law on Social SelfProtection. Since then, the whole area of the private security economy, which employs between 40-60,000 people, has been left on the margins and is optimistically awaiting the year 2017, when application of the new Law on Private Security is set to begin.

• Why is protection important; who should be protected and from what?

- Every individual has a need to protect

geted and their security endangered, which is why we must first determine what forms of threats there are, which may be internal, external and combined.

The forms of threats are essentially offenses which are sanctioned by law and specific to certain legal entities.

For example, there are specific ways that a bank’s operations can be threatened, but all parts of banks don’t need to have, and do not have, the same types of threats. Security is a business function without which companies cannot function in today’s conditions.

Earlier we had social self-protection, which some believe is outdated, but today’s global experience and practice, analytically speaking, is based precisely on this concept.

Under this is implied the permanent

AT THE ROOT OF ALL SOFTWARE, LATEST TECHNOLOGIES AND PROTECTION MEASURES IS – MAN, AND IT IS ALWAYS POSSIBLE FOR HIM TO BE THE WEAKEST LINK themselves, their loved ones, their property and their company. Therefore, when it comes to our private property, we lock up our houses and cars, we protect ourselves from threats of various types and forms, and we have business benefits from protecting our operations. Both individuals and legal entities may be tar-

10

4 | INTERNATIONAL GERMANY 2012

SECURITY

coordinated of action by all stakeholders (all family members; all workers in a collective), which also represent significant subjects of security, which exist within the framework of legal entities and those performing duties therein as security professionals. It was on that basis that the

Department of Homeland Security was established in the U.S. after 11th September 2001, where all resources are pooled through the whole society and all structures.

• Does industrial espionage exist in our country and how is it regulated by law?

- The operations of legal entities, in addition to compromises or breaches in security, can also be under threat from industrial espionage, which is defined under the Law on the Protection of Business Secrets as a civil offense. The Criminal Code characterises the revealing of business secrets as a criminal offense. This causes collision between the best way of bridging protection and a proactive approach.

However, the fundamental problem remains the same everywhere – man.

• What does a security manager do?

- In their work, security managers are linked directly to the owner of the capital, i.e. the chief executive or chairman of the board. A security manager is person who conducts and coordinates all protection activities within a legal entity. At the faculty, students are educated to carry out such work in five (valjde ‘four’) different directions: 1 human resources, 2 defence, 3 protection and 4 general direction.

Ensuring security is conducted to protect against all forms of threats; including those legally sanctioned as criminal acts that can harm a business, but also forms of threats that are not legally sanctioned but may still harm a legal entity, such as drinking alcohol during working hours, petty theft, using phones for private purposes etc.

Interestingly, in companies that fully respect the law and procedure, security managers also need to deal with the analysis of contracts agreed by a legal entity and provide comments regarding the threat of damage. It then follows that these personnel must be broadly educated, familiar with many areas in addition to their core profession and possess detailed knowledge about the business operations of the company for which they are working.

High technology in the function of public security should be monitored, but basically everywhere man is the system that cannot be set up differently. That’s why it’s possible in any system for man to be the weakest link, which can only be overcome by monitoring modern tendencies and ensuring continuous training and education.

about the system of petty theft and the profile of perpetrators etc.

• What are European experiences like?

- The volume of losses in UK retail in 2005 was £3.422 million, while the value of goods stolen from retail outlets was £1,711,000, which is how much it would cost to build and fully equip six new hospitals. Moreover, losses sustained to customs revenues and excise duties as a result of crime in retail stores exceeded £170 million, which is enough to employ 5,500 teachers. The costs caused by violence against employees in retail totalled £33 million, while losses to wages and the profits of retail outlets due to the interruption of operations cost £186

• How ready is the state to heed or seek the advice of experts in this field?

- It would be good to listen to well-meaning experts, because the consequences are endured by the state of Serbia and employees and, in fact, the situation is simple – the better security is, the less work the police have to do.

SECURITY MANAGERS MUST GENERALLY BE BROADLY EDUCATED, BUT ALSO IN THE SPECIFIC FIELDS IN WHICH THEY WORK, FAMILIAR WITH MANY AREAS IN ADDITION TO THEIR CORE PROFESSION, AND POSSESS DETAILED KNOWLEDGE OF THE BUSINESS AND OPERATIONAL METHODS OF THE COMPANY FOR WHICH THEY ARE WORKING • Is video surveillance sufficient security?

- The problem of petty theft in retail represents a serious problem around the world, with the difference that elsewhere the world is dealing with it, trying to solve it and has data. In our country that does not interest anyone, and the statistics are horrifying. Closed circuit surveillance systems in retail outlets have three purposes: monitoring, recording and deterring. But even when they are impeccably positioned they are still not enough, because there is always a question of who is watching the images and what they are watching, how much someone has been trained to notice what they need, what they know

4 | INTERNATIONAL GERMANY 2012

is watching and what they are seeing; how great is their expertise for the job. Moreover, the problem is not what is visible on cameras, but rather protecting what is on the recording.

Worldwide there is use of software to blur faces for the purposes of protecting privacy, which is also implemented truthfully in our country. In order for an image to be “unblurred” two authorised persons must be in attendance. It is true in our example that there were cases of workers who complained about the invasion of privacy due to a camera recording the stamping of time cards as evidence of workers’ presence at work.

million, which is enough to hire 9,230 medical nurses.

Due to petty theft in retail, Austria loses 0.97% of total turnover annually, Russia 1.67% and Europe an average of 1.29%, while that percentage is unknown in our country because nobody is interested.

• Are we compelled by terrorist attacks towards an obsessive need for security? Where does protection end and violations of privacy begin?

- The fight against terrorism must be proactive. Surveillance cameras are useful, but it is not a problem of setting up cameras and monitoring everything, but rather a problem of who

• Who dictates the trends?

- A good security manager dictates the trends and anticipates how things will unfold. They are in constant coordination with counterparts and the entire sector, monitoring modern developments and, when possible, creating solutions before any harm even occurs. The imagination of people who attack the system is phenomenal and limitless, but the point is to overcome the gaps in the system, and to be under as little threat as possible.

• Does the degree of social awareness coincide with the protection needs of modern businesses?

- The level of social awareness is very low, because we have lost the basic system of values and humane behaviour, as well as a sense of what should and should not be done. It is essential that people understand that this is the house they are in, and to behave accordingly. In addition to this, employers must also act humanely towards employees, because in that way their business will be better protected against impacts and threats of all kinds. ■

SECURITY

11