Modelo H-620 Single Family Dwelling / Experimental Industrialized Housing Program (1972)

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. EXPERIMENTAL INDUSTRIALIZED H0USIN6 PROGRAM

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NO SE PRtSl'^ ' POfRJO RICO ORBAN RENEWAL ANO HOOSINO AOMINIOTRATION

i. Report No.

standard Title Page

Por Technical Reporta

2, Govt. Acc.Mo

jj. Recipient's Catalog No.

PRPB-71-02 5. Report Date

Title and Subtitle

3Q^J.972

EXPERIMENTAL PROGRAM OF INDÜSTRIALIZED HOÜSING SECOND PHASE REPORT

17.

PRPB - 71 02 8. Performing Org. Rept. No.

Author(s) Puerto Rico Urban Renewal and Housing Administratlon - Plannlng Office

Bffiy 9.

Pipdrnfi Piiftrto.RícQ -QQ^2fi13, Pro;Ject/Taslc/t'/or!c ünit No,

Performing Organization Ñame and Address

1036-2

Puerto Rico Planning Board

11. Contract/Orant No.

Box 9447 Santurce Puerto Rico 00908 12.

_

6. Performing OrganizBtion Code

15. ^pe of Report ícPeriod

Sponsoring Agency Ñame and Address

Covered.

Department of Housing and Urban Developioent Pan American Building

Final 14. Sp:nsoring Agency Code

Hato Rey, Puerto Rico

13.

Supplementary Notes

16.

Abstracts

This report contains a description and plans for a reinforced concrete house with asbestos cement roof, Model H-620, to be prefabricated by industriallzed methods*

tt7.

A detailed cost analysis is included»

Key Víords and Document Analysis. (a). Descriptions

INDÜSTRIALIZED HOUSING - Analysis and application of a system for low-cost detached dwellings*

17b.

Identifiers/Open-Ended Térras

17c.

COSATI Pield/Group

I 18. Distribution Statement Available to the

H-620

19. Security Class (This Report)

Ipublic from the National Technical Service,

Unclageified

¡2285 Port Royal Rcad, Springfield, Virginia I22151 and Puerto Rico Urban and Renewal

20, Security Class(This Page)

; Adicinistratlono

(See No, 7)

Porni CPSTI-55 (4-70

iíiiclaaai.fijBdL..

I 21. No. of Pagesj

11 22, Prioe

i

MODELO H-.620

SINGLE FAMILY DWELLING

EX-''ERIMENTAL INDUSTRIALIZED HOUSING PROGRAU

The preparation of this Report was financed in part •!:hrough an Urban ^lanning Grant from the Department of Housing and Urban DevelopJTieiit ur.ider the prov^sions of Section 701 of the Housing Act of 1954 as amenaed by Section 601 of the Housing and Urban Development '^ct of 1968.

■^LANNING OFFICE

PUERTO RI30 URBAN RSNE7 AL AND HOUSING ADÍ/TNISTRA TION VAY, 1972

BIBLIOTECA GENERAL

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■^UERTO RICO URBAN RENST^^AL AND HCUSING A.DMINISTR.ATI^N

BCARD OF DIRSCTORS

Federico Torres Campos Ffraíh Santiago

Vice-President

Gilberto M. Font Frank Bellaflores

Members

Felipe Torres Díaz

Miguel Santiago Mleléndez

resident

Secretary

ADMXNISTRATICN

Miguel Santiago Meléndez

Administrator

Sdna Torres de Ranck

Sub-Administrator

Miriam B. de Rodríguez M argarita Egaña

Assistant Sub-Administrator

Acting Director, Office Long-Range Planning

experimental INDUSTRIALIZED HCUSING PROGRAM José Kaplán Fux Rafael A., O- txz •^^fiedo A, David

Director of the Program Re searcher-Designar Researcher-Designar

EXPERIMENTAL INDUSTRIALIZED HOUSING PROGRAM

Housing with large oanels of reinforced concrete

and a roof of special asbestos-cement planks

INTRODUCTION

The construction of prefabricated modest housing, composed of wood and assembled at the site, has generated a new focus for the solu-

tion of the housing needs of a large segment of the low income populafcion.

Moreover, this new concept has caused architects and engineers to dedicate themselves more conscientiously to the search for innovative industrialized systems that utilize the most diversified construction materials or a combination of said materials*

Involved in this search, this agency has undertaken the research and studies required to define the necessary means for reactivating a portion of the construction industry which has been stagnant during the

last few years* This part of the industry already possesses metalic

molds, cement trucks, cranes and other elements which have formally

been utilized to build postentioned concrete units with médium sized panela* These houses already constructed by private builders have three bedrooms, 3- total area of 620 square feet and have been quite successful.

These studies, moreover, have given rise to a first project,

Model H-620^which employed the same type of panel that was manufactured

y . is c.^Or AJthough, the coordinatíon with a private entNsrprise for the

coij..-..a..t..on of this project was not succescful, a tentativo cost £t=ady was

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completed. Our conclusions from this study were that this type of housing is the next step after wooden houses with regards to cost and quality and that it offers an alternative which is appUcable especially in urban sectors, where wooden houses are not presently recommendable.

With this background in mind, this agency has undertaken a new project entitled H-620 (1972). This project is innovative in that the

units is to be constructed above ground in its natural state instead of by erecting the reinforced concrete floor slabs on horizontally filled terrain.

THE SYSTEM

Since reinforced concrete and asbestos-cement are well known

to builders and are generally weU received by the public, we maintain that

houses constructed with these materials will easily obtain the acceptance of

the majority of the modest housing market pertaining to permanent structures.

This rríbdel has a longer life span in relation to other types of modest housing and therefore permits the utilization of long-term mortgage insurance. Moreover, the units are easily and economically maintained and completely resistant to fires, termites and inclement weather.

The net areas of the rooms respond functionally to the prevailing

local standards, although they do not correspond to the minimum federal

standards. Admitting that this is only one of the many possible solutions, the general apportionment fulfills its objective and responde to the necessity of utilizing a viable system in order to present a thorough housing study, including cost-analysis and manufacturing orientation.

■•3 **

A porch with a single door will serve as and facilítate the control of the access to the unit. This porch will be preíabricated and can be

doubled easily in relation to its planned width through the incorporation

of another identical component, providing that the size of the lot permits sach expansión.

The wall panels are identical, distinguished only by the type of opening incorporated* This conformity facilitates and lowers the cost of the manufacturing of said panels.

The floor panels, composed of reinforced concrete are three

inches thick, are enclosed by a square frame of reinforced concrete

beams and are practically identical, They will be supported at the corners by the foundation colunins.

The partitions can be made with any light material that is resistant

to termites and fire so as to correspond to the prevailing norms. The use of a material that is made with wood fibers treated and pressed with

cement such as the Permadeck type, or its equivalent, is foreseen*

The floor finish has not been considered in this study. However,

e introduction of integral terrazzo to the floor slabs during manufacturxng would be very simple but would entail an increase in the cost of the house of approximateiy $300.

This project permits the utilization of diverse types of prefabri-

cated wood floors. Moreover, through the cooperation of a neighboring

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Caribbean corapany, the wall panela could be constructed of wood rather than reinforced concrete thereby reducing the cost o£ the unit.

The roof will be constructed with asbestos-cement planlcs created

especially by the Technical Mission of the ünited Nations in 19óO for appllcation in low-cost housing for Central América. These planks, however, have now beén utilizad all ovef the world. Due to the

strength of their component material and to their high moment of inertia, these planks permit the utilization of larga roof spans without intermediate supports. In our case, the planl.s have a span

ot twenty feet. Four largar planks will be placed in the central part in order to cover the entrence porch.

Besides being resistant and noncombustibie, these planks are good heat isolators and above all are economical in terms of cost

and installation. They are currently being manufacturad in various countries of the Caribbean zone; and various manufactures have

demonstrated a special interest in introducing them at very reasonable prices in Puerto Rico. Obviously, the price of the local product would be much less than that of an importad material.

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PRODUCTION PROGRAM

Due to the great quantity of modest housing thatmust be produced

within the next few years in order to fulfill governnieiit pi*ojectici,''.s, the installation of various factories, strategically placed on the Islazid, es pecially in the areas south of the "Cordillera Central", has been proposed.

Each factory should be prepared to manufacture a minimum of 500 units

a year and should be able to expand its production to double this amount, if the need arises. We have estimated that the required investment for

each factory is $150,000, including working capital.

GENERA L CONDITIQNS

These units can be installed on lots which contain 10 meters in

the front (33 feet) and a minimum depth of 15 meters (50 feet). There will be two lateral yards at each side of the house with a minimum width of 1. 20 meters (4 feet),

The housing model, conceived in terms of an economical and

quantitative production, does not allow for simple future expansions with-

out changing the basic unit structurally and/or functionally. Therefore, in order to offer an alternative for larger families, it is preferable to osign another model which contains four bedrooms or more and a larger llving space.

The interior doors could be optional. The wooden

soyve

as txhe frames for the doors which can be installed aat a later time by the occupants, themselves

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The Windows to be employed will be of a Miami aluminum type.

Their utilization provides cross-ventilation and simultaneously sufficient free wall space to conveniently place the indispensable furnishings.

Only the porches, the entrance doors and the bathroom door will

be painted. In such a way, the houses will be distinguíshable from^ea'ch other and an agreeable aesthetic contiguity will be obtained without incuring major expenses.

A detailed cost study should be executed since the costs contained

in this report are only approximated. Moreover, whenever a project of this type in undertaken, a cost-analysis must be prepared that is in accordance with each experience and that takes into account^ besides the cost of materials and prevailing salaries, the location of such a project,

the access facilities, the number of units and their delivery.

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Housing Model H-620

(1972)

Cost i^nalysis (March 1972)

Basic Wage

: $1, 60 per hour

Fringe Benefits : 25% of Baaic Wage

A. FOUNDATION

Columns of reinforced concrete or concrete tubes filled with this material.

12 columna with an average

height of 3 feet.

$100.00

$100.00

B. FLOORS

Six alaba of prefabricated reinforced concrete, tranaported and placed on the columna,

Approximately 7 y^ @

$23.00

160.00

Manufacturing: 600 aq. ft @ $0,40

240.00

Tranaportation from factory to aite

100. 00

Wire meah and atructural ateel

40. 00

Assembly; 3 hrs

60.00

$600.00 $700.00

••8—

C. exterior walls

Ten panela approximately 10'

Volume: 10

8' x 4"

@$23.00

Manufacturing; 800 sq. ft.@$0. 50

$230.00 400.00

Wire mesh and reiníorcement

estimated @

60,00

Transportation from factor y to site

140.00

Assembly; 5 hrs.

100.00

$930.00

120.00

120.00

560.00

560. 00

D. ROOF BEAM5

Two beams for the front and back

and 4 beams for the lateral sides; manufacturedy transportad and assembled, including spedal bolts» estimated @

E. PARTITION5

Of pressed mineralized wood fibers

with Portland cement, Permadeck type; or asbestos-cement with a

2 in. thick wood en frame

70 ft long. 8 ft high

$2, 310. 00

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F. ASBESTOS-CSMENT ROOF PLANKS

Seven planks 23» x 3» and 4 planka 26»

X 3», installed

$520,00

$520. 00

700,00

700. 00

200,00

200.00

120.00

120. 00

75^ 00

75. 00

G. INSTALLATION QF SERVICES

Electricity and plumbing.

VPC tubing incopporated during manufacturing; wiring, and installa-

tion of sanitary fixtures; subcontracted H. DOORS AND WINDOWS

Two doors, 10 Windows approximately

100 sq, ft. !• WOODEN PORCH

Prefabricated and installed at the site

estimated @ amortiza XION OF SQUIPMENT

Based upen an investment of $150,000,

lor 2,000 units(to be analyzed adequately at each opportunifcy)

$3,925. 00

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K. FINANCING

Interest on invested capital and partial financing of production: It has been

presupposed that a partial payment plan will be established for the contractors in order to facilítate

and reduce the final financing. Financ

ing for each unit is estimated @

$100,00

$100. 00

100. 00

100. 00

50. 00

50. 00 $4,175. 00

X. PAINTING

Of the porch, front door, the bathroom door and wooden frames; and

the final clean-up

MAINTSNANCg

Maintenance of the dwelling units during the first year of construction.

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Net cost of the unit

$4,175.00

Overhead, miscellaneous, and profit

for contractor: 25% of net cost Total cost of unit

cost per sq. ft.

$8. 40

040,00 $5,215. 00

In terms of advantages, this model wiU be able to compete with concrete housing. The advantages would not oniy be in terms of costs, but also safety and livability. It is considered that these units can be used for low-cost housing constructed with Commonwealth funda.

This system of construction on columns also produces a reduction

in the conventional preparation of the Iota. For this reason, by eiiminat-

g he filUng and grading of the terrain, an economization of approximately $200 per lot can be obtained.

The Item "amortization of equipment" in its present form, presupPoses that CRUV will have to prepare more definite plana in order to

exccute the construction of this type of housing. The real possibility that actor can construct 2,000 units in a four year period has to exist

°'der to fulfill the amortization forecasted. If this is not possible,

n this Item will have to be adjusted in accordance with the prevaiUng situation

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