Caribbean Review (1938)

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A R IB B>M N

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Federal M'^ney is Riir -nfl V.ild

By I. Kortn-^ht

GOVERNMENT OP PUERTO RICO

COMHinEE OF AGRICVITUUL FAIRS OF PUERTO RICO SAN JUAN, P. R.

ANOUNCEMENT OF A FAIR AT PONCE, PUERTO RICO The object of Law No. 97, approved May 12, 1937, is to en courage the celebration of agricultural fairs in Puerto Rico with

a view to reflect the progress obtained in agricultural activities tending in each instance to acquire a higher standing and to better the present conditions of the agriculturers by means of these demonstrations.

The "Committee of Agricultural Fairs of Puerto Rico" created by said Law has under its control the celebration of such

fairs and by means of the present advertisement it takes pleasure in anouncing to all those interested in the agricultural activities of Puei to Rico, the celebration of an Agricultural Fair in the city of Ponce during the days 17, 18, 19 and 20 of March 1938.

The General Rules and Premium Lists for this fair are now

in the hands of the Agents of the Agricultural Extension Service •of the College of Agriculture and Mechanical Arts of the Univer sity of Puerto Rico in those towns where the Service has offices

in operation. ^ Copies of these rules may be obtained from the Director, Agricultural Extension Service, Rio Piedras, P. R., and rom the President of the Committee of Agricultural Fairs of Puerto Rico, San Juan, Puerto Rico.

Agriculturers and all persons interested in the agricultural activities in the island are cordially invited to prepare and send exhibitions to the Fair of Puerto Rico.

COMMITTEE OF AGRICULTUPvAL FAIRS R. Menendez Ramos, President.

6ur Contribution to the Commercial

Development of Puerto Rico

By MIGUEL SUCH

Vice-President Bull Insular Line It is almost twenty-five years, if one figures correctly, since the Bull Insular Line en tered the trade route with Puerto Rico. It is almost forty-eight years since the late H. II. Bull organized the first steamship line known today as the New York & Porto Rico Steam

ship Company. In organizing this line, A. H. Bull demonstrated the courage and the faith in this island which characterized him all thru liis career. Two ships were built, the PON CE and the SAN JUAN.

In 1699 an issue developed between the various interested parties and this resulted in an argeeraeut whereby A. H. Bull failed in his efforts to purchase the other holdings and as a result sold out his interest, with an agreement that he would not resume activity in the regular steam trade to Puerto Rico for a period of ten years.

In 1910 the Bull Line, at the request of (he sugar interests, entered this traffic again and now begins the enterprising spirit of the Bull Insular Line to show results.

Commencing with 1900 the history of Puejto Rieo is the history of a country adjust ing itself to new conditions both political and eeonomie. o

In the economic field the island had accomplished very little up to then. With near ly one million inhabitants of population its external trade was but $6,611,869 and of this onlv

$3,350,577 with the United States. If one is to gauge a country's economic prosperity by its trade returns, and we know of no other me ins by which to appraise it, certainly these fi gures were very low.

Looking back all these years and weighing what has been accomplished by the Island since then, one cannot but feel optimistic and utterly confident of the future.

Thirtv-two

years of commercial trade relations with the Unitel States have put Puerto Rico on the ma|) but this, of course, could never have been ae cmjilished except for the undying energy and ambition of the Puerto Rican people whose sense of values have given them a rightful place

in the scale of progress. Lack of shipping facilities to the mainland and complete ignorance of what iirospective iradei-s could buy and sell from each other had ostensibly laid the found ation for this ap]>arontly ueglectetl condition.

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Carlratiirg of iho Eonorahto FranlUn T). FooscvcU cspccfaHy autngrnphcd for ow Editor,

.r::'rV',

•*tV ', rs ■ .

VOL. I

MAECH 1938

XO. 2.

Caribbedn Reuieu?

Tip. San Juan

Oliver Shaw

Louis Kortright

PUBlJSnKK

KniTou IN CiiiKK

("o - EniTOu

From the Editor's Desk.

The Problem of Today TOURISM is becoming Puerto Rico's obsession towards creating a new and pro fitable industry.

II we come to look things through Gov ernor V/inship's prismatic lens we may clearly see the fairy tale of the millions run

cuous places where important events took place during early colonization should be landmarked by concrete posts with inscrip tions so that the anxious-to-know visitor

may count on these places as part of their tour and pilgrimage. These places should

ning into the Island's Treasury with a glow not be ommitted from the tourist's sched Ox silver prosperity. ule.

Governor Winship's love for this island Have writers write History: vivid, in is rooted soul deep. His idea of its beauty teresting, alluring. We are fortunate to is scented with a soft touch of symjiathy and have an authority on Puerto Rican History friendliness for cur land. He is like a fa who is a professor in our University and a ther who, on account of his feelings, over fine writer in both English and Spanish lan looks his child's faults.

The desirable tourist is the one who

guages: Mr. Rafael W. Ramirez.

creates because he can appreciate facts; in

It is not only La Fortaleza, El Morro, Casa Blanca or the churches in the Big City

telligent and able to see the miracle of His tory past over four centuries when he looks

what the visitor should see and know of,

understand History.

landing place of American Arm.y in 1898: with its historical early days fort after the plans 9 celebrated Frenchbuilt engineer Vauban,

A complete network of interesting places, over forts, churches, roads, cities. Over the beautiful as well as historical, can Ido made mountain ranges he should see primary life available for the tourist covering a whole still bursting forth amidst the forests: In week or more of amusing travel through dian caciques, whole tribes camping around unparalleled mountain scenery and beauti a big fire. On top of El Yunque he will peep ful roads. rround for the dwelling place of the great San German, with the eldest church in Indian chief Agueibana and for the hiding Pum'to Rico; Manati and Aguas Buenas, jdace of the evil spirit Yukiyu. which gave with original Indian caverns used as dwel name to the town of Luquillo. One who can ling places by aborigine tribes; Guanica,

Before the idea of tourism was given serious consideration by civil authorities there existed, the world over, places which 0 have been visited by tourists for years and years. Europe, Egypt, China, Hawaii, Cu

built nearly all european

. orts during the time of Louis XIV, This

ba, India, Australia and manv other places •ore is an exact replica of El Morro and in the continental United States offered their beauties and charms to the visitors

mofi'u

clearly see St, Tho-

^ Croix; with its marble health When Puerto Rico was added as a prospect / m springs and aCoamo monumental we felt quite sure that an exceptionally in OSS marking the spot where Spanish solteresting* place of unsurpassing beauty and d.-ers tell during the Spanish American War unequalled charm had completed the list.

Our Tourist Bureau should aim at li terature foi' Ihe i)rospeetivo lonrist with a

on oui island; Aguada. landing place of Coumhus and a hundred other i)lace.> worth mentioning.

view to revive all that four c nitury history \isitqrs will love to see jilaces and buried in the past which has been forgotten leain the island's history pioneer of Ameri even by our own peojjle. We refer to our can History. Tours to"^ these places offer

historical sites filled with legend. Conspi the outsiders amazing chances to appreciate

THE PROBLEM OF TODAY the real flavour of our traditions which with

a small effort of the imagination will make them live for a moment the days of our ear ly colonial life with its romance, joys and sorrows, and, far more, gives them the op portunity to contact and feel our traditional hospitality, unique legacy of our Spanish ancestors.

kind that counts, the kind that travels to see and learn as well as for spiritual relaxation.

For this quality visitors the island must prepare its touristic resources in a most attractive and interesting way. We know the task of raising an industry, any industry, to yield profitable earnings re quires a life's effort with many a hazard in the way.

Tourism is our card in this game of

We must make tourists like our island bacarat and it is going to be a dear card and tarry on it for weeks. What we can with quite strong competition. not expect them to do is to sleep the siesta An industry which expects returns of for lack of interesting places to visit. millions must have an investment of mil We m.ust bear in mind that twenty four lions.

Plain mathematics; unless it's all a

hours lunch-aboard-tourists will not sufflce

to create a great industry. It is the other fairy tale intended to amuse posterity.

TO OUR. READERS AND ADVERTLSERS

rica and Caribbean countries, CARIBBEAN REVIEW heart

ily congratulates our heroes.

We want to notify our readers and advertisers that the ijcrsons <ipj)eariiuj in our Jirst numher as Editor and Co-Editor are no .'onyer

into the hands of thousands and

thousands of new readers every time and sincerily and hopefully will count for its maintenance on

IMPORTANT TO READERS

the patronage of teachers and child

CARIBBEAN

ren, business and professional men, and on every EngRsh speaking

REVIEW

will

give special attention to the dis-

liersoii on the island as well as in

view."

tlo.sure of our island's historic

other countries.

SPORTS

We dearly ajipreciate the cooper background. It will contain many ation offered by advertisers, friends jiages of interesting historical Puertorican legends intended to jirovide and collaborators and by the Gov

connected

with

'"Caribbean

PUERTO RIUO

Re

A TRIU.MPII

tourists and extrangers with real

The prol'essional aiul aiiialeiir

sports woi Id has been shakoned by

ernment of Puei*to Rico.

facts about our typical early days life; biogia)diies of our most con-

THE EDITORS

the fjreat triunipb of our iiiiist .spiciious men will be published, be-

popular atldeles of the yoiing-er generation. ^ 111 the ( rst (ilaee, Sixto Eseobar recovered for Plo. Rico the World's

giiiing with that of Jose Campeche y Jordfni ui the year 1752 (in this issue) and inc'uding all t>i"ominent men up to our da.vs; our "Do You

CARIBBEAN REVIEW

Coniincninl Circulation â&#x20AC;&#x201D;

f(.rmer chamiiion,

Know.'" Co-Editor's page for chil dren. will contain interesting and A'al liable information in general science, literature, and other mis-

fie.m Barceloneta. Puerto Rico won

ce'laneoiis t( pics aimed for school

back the tit'e from coi'ageoiis Har ry Jeffra the Champion, from

childi-en a.s well as for teachers;

Bantam Championship Til'e after the most startling ring battle ever viewed on this is'and.

challenger and

Sixto. the

English Monthly Magazine

OLIVER

Balt imore. Aid. In.

swe])t

Panama,

the

Pnertoricans

away I'i'mm the

Olympic

L0 V IS K O R T RIGET

(ompetent winters.

We will contribute to our island's

gold, silver and bion/.e medals by

desiie and necessity of advertising its beauties to American jieople b.v preventing in our jiages, in graphic

Cnha. Alexico. I'aiiama. ('o'ombia.

Pcni. Haiti. \'ei!c/iicla and (iiher

iVrm. the

T/.'din

charms.

Peld

countries, events,

the

mednla

track of the

and

Editor in Chief

and. scientihcal. jiedagogical, social and, economic prob'ems. will be inimiinently focus,sed by authorized

(iK iinds a considerab'e amount of

Avinning. in (;pen competit ion with

be.st

of

SEA W

the

island's

IV

We expect that (CARIBBEAN

Sporting Games for Central Ame

REVIEW wi'l slide along softly

Co - Editor

OFFICE: 1 â&#x20AC;&#x201D;

a Calcta de Ran Juan

Ran .1 nan, Puerto Ilieo.

Caribbean Review

SanJuan of today T:;li

and Tomorrow

T)y I\Ianiiel llartiiiez Plee.

San Juan of yesterday, today and tomorrow is must interesting:

to anyone j)0sse,ssing the vision of tlio past and of the future.

The

San Juan of yester<lay was a reJij^ions and mi itary city, sorrounded by walls and

batteries, and

willi a great number of eburehes.

Its colonizing civilization was al most entirely mystic and warlike, and no nmcli given to business de

velopment.

Soldiers and ]>riests

were seen everywhere.

A romo)ii:c fpct in Mi Hoc lAvcyii Purt ricar.hiz Ihr mV.tinrij nlorij r>f C-hl

San Juan then lay in the cir

^'paiiiAi days.

cumference of a circle whose cen

ter was the Madrid of the XVII

fuent traffic avenue, like tho e of

century, and to the wealthy Span

New Yoj-k and London, various re

ish emi)irc it was of small impor

sidential mdgbbor]i(nids linve de\el(.pod. Xpighi)orli('.nds w ii i c li

tance. Bi ' in 1898 the time eame

for a general change.

The promise of a great and beau tiful city with souvenir of an in teresting past —that is San Juan

today. It is an old neighborhood rapidly changing into a center of great activity. Santa Catalina Pal

ace, "Casa Blanca", with the fla

ming' colors of its poinceanas re-

gias, the severe Morro and the gal lant Saint Christopher could never dream of a city at their feet where such a spirit of business could exist.

Some way apart from the old

eity and by the side of the high way which is becoming a magni'

glow steadily and the time will come before long when liiey will unite and form the future city; and as the sana ]Jieuomenon is tak ing place between iMartin Pena and Rio Piedras and acro.^^s the bay, we

can well say that the future San Juan will be a city of immense ex tension. Perhaps the marvel of Spanish iVmerica.

The city is divided by two hridaes affording charming views; the San

Antonio Bridge, whose en

Ihe crmfi.rt am! I'^ganee of the I a ll nciglibiirhoo'L I •, umpiestinncMc. Tlie archi^etvii'-o (P' {he homes and I im way tin-so •'••• V ,■ • •• ankes I hem lovcis-, (.f the beauties of life: and ,sh< ws that Pitr'.o Rico under

Ainciican libei-ty. has developed its natui e-simple. siiicere and tlnmgiiTl'nl.

Siicli a development of a city is net stiange to a peivon who. for a hug time has lived in the ITiited State.s. where he has .soon how cities grow, and knows that it is the re

sult of ihe enormous vitality of a civilization which is the best of

chanting .scenery makes one feel the power of God. and the IMartin

ail civilization, and which agrandizes and invigorates anything

Pena Bridge, whose picturesque-

wliich ir touches.

ne.3s reaches the limits of perfec-

(Please turn to page 16)

Touri$»t Gold and

the Spanish Main

■w P.y KAFAEL SAXCIIO POXET Treasurer of Puerto Rieo It is somewliat odd

that wlien

])eoi)le lack normal resourees tliey iuive to organize entertainments to

jaise funds, but it lias ahvays been tlius. Tiierc is a comedy by Benavenle in wliicli a woman's charity committee i)resents itself at the mansion of a rich lady of noble

lineajip and lays befoi-e lier tiie ajijialling' condition of the ]K)or of a certain suburb of Madrid. The il

lustrious lady listens to them, me ditates. and tlien answers:

"I see only one solution that we

Hon. Rafael Sancho Bonet

give a ball. . .

Trrd.surci- of Pucrlo Pico.

This, and I sav it without ironv. is hiunan. since no mie is inc'ineil

1o be generous until after having enjoyed a good meal or an enterlainmeiil which has pleased him. To

beg jnournfully is to close the dofji-s of charity.

That is why the econo

mic depression which today ener

tisements to

attract tourists con

sist in offci'ing the visitors —in aflili'ion to the primordial a(h'antag. an agTeeabie climate, beau tiful scenery and a warm re:-oi)tion— sucli amusements as will

ihe world has impelled many to

make their .'day i)ass quickly and pleasantly. To accomplish this lo

turn to tourism as a paliative,

cal authoritie.s endeavor to attract

vates nearly all the countries of

Ifuiist is given everything readymade. tims .saving but tlic trouble of thinking tilings out for luniself

nliicii is dista.-^teful in a strange eiiviionment. He Ik „nt guided, lie is led and, as we all iircfer going in caravan fasliion about, he gains a sense of rest.

CHARM OF PFERTO RICO

Tourism is today one of tlie most

visitors with varied lures: from the

pi-obtable of industries and an acti^•ify which can bring the greatest beiiefibs to any people who may

climate, to amusements ])lannpd to mitigate the monotony of the vo yage. and they insure the snceess of tlieii' ei'forts by entrusting" the handling of all programs to a competenl peisonnel in order that tiie tourists, upon their return, will

invite, with a.ssiired snee.ss. the fl ow

have no cause for complaijit. The

(Please turn to page 18)

I artieipale it) f.i- to em-niirage toiirj'-in with that sense of cliarndng

and siilitle manner of which jiros-

pering merchants are past masters.

One of (iie most effective adver-

Few regions match Ihierto Rico ii! natural cliai'ms and ap.sfjjetic al

ii ad ions; none surpass it. Due to i Iks<-' favorable' cireiinistanees. our

island is e.xeeptionally <nialified to

Carilihcan Ec-viexQ

Cockfighting is to Puerto Rico What Bullfighting is to Spain Those who have never seen

this ancient sport cannot imagine ivhat action, nerve, c our a g e, viciousness and

fighting spirit these feath ered champions display.

Prior to 1882 the ivord

^^gallero^* {cockpit oivner) ivas not found in academic dictionaries, and it is gene

rally believed that t h e otoners of cockpits were not greatly esteemed in social circles, but this condition does not hold true today, as many of the ivealthy, cul

tured men of the best society oivn cockpits and high-priced game cocks of fine breeding.

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Federal Money is Running Wild CONGRESS has given birth to a three Giousand

to Rican Government, as soon as they are turned in,

mitigate the deplorable conditions of the Nation s

dency over five hundred cars and trucks and the mo-

Tnillions dollars long sought for program for homo for lack of operating faci ities. eonstriietions principal aim of the White House to At present there are in operation in this depen poor c'asses in 1&39.

Wo all know that money spent for relief and other purposes in the past four or five years has done nothing noticeable to eradicate permanently not even one of the problems now affecting society and bur dening the government.

We are looking on to this wide program of con

biliary mantained covers an investment of several

hundred thousand dollars, in spite that the money was intended for the island's reconstruction.

This

dependency in numerous cases discriminated against

a great number of coffee agricu turers for political

as legitimate part of the Nation and the way money

livalry and i)ermits that money entrusted for bet ter i)urpor:es bo spent in salarying a jjer.sonnel whose ma.iority vorks ils way through towards the end by

involved will be manipulated.

gamb'ing with friendship. Slum clearance has been

structions in what it may affect Puerto Rico's share

Roosevelt's great plans for relief of the poor a fake and the problem of undesirable surroundings and raising the country's industrial and commercial in San Juan and other places will continue to bother auth.critics for many a activities to a dependable standard have been

j-ear to come.

carried out with very

FACTS

little success not with stand iiig the constant

flow of gold streams from the Government

Treasury to all parts of the Nation's territory.

At tile beginning of 1938 we are, in fact, very little ahead of 19-

33. The persistent men ace of unemployment, the iiulustrial and com

mercial depression, the stagnancy of the bank

ing industi-y and the struggle for e.xistence of minor businesses reflect, without doubt, the inef-

Since hist Novcmher the PRBA huf; been

making cuts in minor employees in the Acl-

ministrativc and other Divisions on the ground of economy. ConsequentI,y, many heads of fa milies, including veterans, exclusively depend ent on their re'ief income for maintenance are being thrown out, while single weV-to-do boys and girl'< arc ah'owed to stay. Veterans arc dis

placed from their job.s while foreign a'liens stiC Lately the money economized by .mch ca

pricious procedure, was divided among the big bosses of the FRJiA, especially in the Finance Division, where .s<daries have been subdantial'y raised.

ministration to fulfil' its aim and insists, in spite nition, in obtaining more

moiicv to continue the

extiavagaiiza of salar.Ning friends and fla'terers

and pretexting to indtistrialize the island.

A great amount of

ficacy of the healing bil

Puerto Rico has had and is still having one of

failure of the Puerto Ri co Reconstruction Ad

of this voluntary recog

hang to official favor.

lions as heretofore unwise'y and unliberally s|)read at random everywhere by unescrupulous agents.

Recently, Mi'es II. Fairbank, head of this bankrupted dependency, in a public document addressed to Secretary of Interior Harold L. I c k e s, recognizes the

monev was spent by the PI.RA in technicians from the North to study our

pirblems before beginning any enterprise involving ti c a'lolment of large amounts of money. Fairbank

the most vivid examples of this rotten system of surprises public opinion by asserting that the mam spending Federal money without extracting from the l)r( blem of s'um clearance remains unsolved, that is, large amount of the inve.stment the maximum i)rofit the lack of work facilities for the poor clas.ses so that by a wise and effective control of expenditures and they may be able to pay house rent and still live. the profila.xis of coin]ietent conscious auditing.

Notwithstanding this fact, without solving this main The Puerto Rico Reconstruction Administration, problem, the phalanstery and the Eleanor Roosevelt tragic e|)ilogue of the PRERA and the FERA, is ( â&#x2013; (gant suburbs were built with the incredible result nearly comming to an end after an acrobatic existence that the poor people of Ea Perla and Miranda will

of over three years and a wild ex|)enditni'e of almost $40,000,000 dollars.

Forcing imagination through the dea's of this corporation we find an asset of few millions dollar;

in sti'uetures that will constitute a burden to the Puerd

probably be condemned to live in the mud and misery, piomineiit in these places, for the rest of their lives,

aP tine to the PRRA s inexcusable ignorance or lack of vision.

(Please turn to page 20)

THE FIRST TRIU M P_H

by Jmn B. Huyke

The clock had just struck two.

Captain

General Dufresne

was

about to retire to hLs private quart

ers when his adjutant announced the arrival of a messenger from the west who had brought a ques tion for his decision.

the man said, ''May pleasant bree zes take your ship quickly and safe ly to the north."

Commenting later with other high dignitaries of the government upon his act he expressed himself

"What b happening in Mayagiiez?", asked the General.

The Adjutant replied, "Two

and Prance have aided and abated

merchant vessels have arrived at

friends of the new nation."

as fellows: "I let him go. Spain the American revolution. We are

"What is the importance of this?"

your act? If Porto Rico .sympathi zes with the new republic, will not

"They are flying the new flag."

the annexation of this country to

"The new flag?"

the United States be easj^ ?"

"Yes, that of the stars and

"We can avoid that" the Gene

stripes."

This was 1777, a year after American independence had been

ral stated, "with a good attitude toward our co'ony. I have done

declared.

prevented his leaving. Had he stayed here we would only have one more malcontent among us."

Colonel

Dufresne had

arrived in Porto Rico in 1776, and

only a month ]irevions to this mo named

the schooner "Endawock" and the

fishing-smack ''Henry''. Both car

ried the new flag, which drew the people, full of curiosity, to the har bor.''

The General interrupted, "And why this curiosity?"

"It's the flag of the new Ameri can nation."

He then described the flag- He

said, "It has thirteen stripes of al "Don't you see the danger of

that port."

mentous

sai'ed into the harbor. They were

0 enrrence

Captain

had

been

General of the

Colony.

After a cruel, bloody war, the English colonies had at last ob tained their liberty and had launelied the famous document, that im

well.

It is better than if I had

"And if all desire to leave?"

"If all de.sire to leave", the Ge

neral repeated slow'y. Finally he si)Gke as a liberal, "What the [)eo-

ple wish should be given to them."

The dignitaries who were with Du fresne kei)t quiet as sign of their mortalized Jefrer.son, recognizing re.spect for his authority. "\our the rights of li"e. liberty and the exce lency knows what he is doing," niirsnit of happiness and declaring remarked .seme upon leaving. The that "all men are born free and General smiled, "Your excellency equal."

Dufresne had on various occa-

knows what he is doing", he re

peated to himself musingly.

.sicns observed the ha])i)iness our Now while the General was read ])eople had shown over the triumpli ing the report of the me.ssenger of the colonies. One day a man, from the west, he recalled the man whom the local authorities had cap- who had desired to be a citizen of tui'cd, was brought before him. the northern Reiniblic. The rejjort chaiged with attemi)ting to embark wa.: very interesting. It .stated foi- the United Htates. dearly what had hap|)ened in ]\la"What is Ihe crime in that?", .vagiiez and demonstrated elo:)uena: keil t he (leiieisi'. lly the sentiments of the peo|)'e.

"ills so'e aim in jnaking the voy

Dnfiesiie

had

the

messenger

ternate red and white and thirteen white stars on a b'lie field.

"Yes", the General said. He again thought of Porto Rico and of the fate of the small island in time to come.

It was veiy near

the new nation. Would the Span

ish island some day become Ame rican? People were already leaving it to become citizens of the nation

to the north, the nation with which they .symimthized.

"Continue" said the General.

The mes.'.enger said that the two American vessels were returning to

the north from Curacao but, when

they saw the English frigate fol lowing them, they decided to enter the port at Mayagiiez. The En glish frigate a'so entered the harbc.'.

The general frowned. He thought how Spain had aided the United States because of her hatred for

England. "What did the people do?" he asked nervousl.v.

"The people flocked to the sea-

^^bore and immediate'y defended the American vessels."

"In what manner?"

"When the English frigate en-

leied the port ti'ving to iiitiniidatt

E'" American ships ami deiiianding their snri'ender, the whoh ' 'â&#x2013; anie to the defense of the Ameri

age is to become a citizen of the new re|)ublic."

The (teneral meditated for some

giiez.

time. It was a bud example to set for the subjects of the King. Riit

tenant sent does not give an exact impre.s.sion of what has occurreil."

he c(;uld not pi-event it.

st( pped to reconsider. Eina.'ly he

The inessengei' exi)lained: "On the first of August, about ten o'clock in the morning, two ve.s.sels

theji changed the strifies fee Em

."-aid. "I^et him go 'and turnin*'" to

be'onging to the American marine

(Plea.se turn to page 2-)

"After all" â&#x20AC;&#x201D;he started, but

called. "I wish to hear from your lips what ha; occurred in Maya-

The report that the Lieu

can vessels causing them to be run aground .so that the frigate wmi d not captni'e them."

WhaP efsi+iiapiiened ?'

"The peo|)le saved the ciev <ein eee/ing Iheni in the cit.v. '

-■ ■ ■ .;^-'"v• ■ ■

Hon. .Vavnc! V. Vomcnech Fiitfiiiriiil Adrif«)r to the Governor of Puerto Pico

of France in 1795, He represented Puerto Rico in the Supreme Nation

Men of the past

By Eugenio Asfol

al Board, which was constituted against the French invasion after the uprising of 1808.

He was elected

Vice-President

of the Cortes of Cadiz, where he re-

JOSE CAMPECHE Y JORDAN JUAN ALEJO DE ARIZMENDI pic.-ented the island, obtaining the withdrawal of the Royal Order of (1757 - San Juan - Arecibo - 1814) 1810 which gave full power to the (1752 - San Juan - 1809) The Reverend Father Arizmendi Captains General of Cuba and Some men there are, who it Puerto Rico, and which was once I

would seem. Nature planned espe

cially to accomplish definite work,

and such a man was Jose Campeche y Jordan who from his early chi dhood revealed his talent for

was educated at Caracas, Venezue

la, and was ordained prie.st in San

more put in force by Fernando

to Domingo. He was made Purvey or and Vice-General of that is land. In 1903 (â&#x20AC;˘?) he was appoin

VII, a few years later, said Royal Order having been revoked by the Republican Courts of 1873, when

painting. His father was a painter and gilder, and in his workshop the son fashioned figures of clay which were so good that thej' found

ted Bishop of the Diocese of Puer

the first title of the constitution of

to Rico and while in that high posi tion he worked actively in the foundation of the "Seminario Con-

1869 was extended to Puerto Rico.

ciliar."

ccnce,'>;icn or trust that had sup

purchasers. In fact, as one of his

He officiated as Bishop in the

biographers writes "such was his

public celebration that took jilace,

of San Juan.

instinctive ability for design, that with pieces of charcoal or chalk, he

in account of the inauguration of the Con.stitution (Ju.'y 1812). He

the separation of the Intendencia

used to draw on the sidewalks real ly remarkable pictures of the saints

died while on a pa.storal visit at Arecibo. His body lies in the

and of people of the city."

Lack of means prevented

vaults of the Cathedral at San Juan. Arizmendi was the only Puerto Rican ever elected Bishop

his studying in Europe, but nothing could prevent his becoming a real artist, an eminent jiainter, excel

of the is'and. He was a man of

great knowledge, a mode of pre late, and was noted for his char

Through his activities in 1811 a Roya' Order abolished the meat

plied verj'^ poor meat for the people He also obtained

(Administration) from the Gover nor General, and upon liLs recom mendation the notable economist, Alejandro Ramirez, was named Intendant, he having been the first to hold that position in Puerto Ri co.

Among other improvements he

worked for were that the ports of Poncc, Mayagiiez, Aguadi'la and Fajardo be opened to foreign com

ling in the comj)o.sition of religious themes, in which development, the itable sentiments and his evangel Spanish artist, Luis Paredes, once ical piety. merce, whereas before that traffic painter to His Majesty's househo'd, was being made through San Juan.

RAMON POWER Y GTRALT and then exil?d in Puerto Rico, Mr. Power died from yellow fe (1775 - San Juan - Cadiz - 1813) contributed to no slight extent bv ver in Cadiz, and his remains were the instruction that he gave him. :Mr. Ramon Power went to school ])laced in the tomb which the muJt is unfortunate that Campeche at Vizcaya, Spain, and later to nicipality of Cadiz erected to the was .so mode.st, that few of his j)or-

Bordeaux, where ho 'earned the

traits were signed. Among those French, after which he entered the

memory of the Deputies of 1812.

Power was a man of intelligence

.â&#x20AC;˘:igne.1, however, the picture of Bri- Naval Academy of "Guardias Ma- and character, as proved by the gadiei* don Ramon de Castro is linas" of Cadiz, and in i\Iay, 1792, services he rendered, and his short noieworthy, while the greater part entered the navy as a midshipman. life was pro.Mfie in useful initiatives

of his mystic works are of positive In 1811 became captain of frigate, for liis country. merit.

In addition to his work with the brush, he turned his attention to

having obtained his ju'omotions

through merit.

He was the commander of two

He was the first of the island's

legislatoi's as to chronological or der, and was no less prominent war ve.s.sels which made the cruise bolh ai'chitecture and engi-aving. than any of those who worked af between Co.sta Firme and Spain. and the beautiful altar piece at the ter him, a.s regards his works and hermitage of Ilormigueros is one of his creation, as is that of the

main altar in Saint Ann's Church, San Juan.

12

As the commander of a Jiaval di-

VLsion in the waters of Santo Do

his virtues.

mingo he contributed to the con-

(Courte.sy of the Editor of "The

qiie.st of the territory of that is

Book of Porto Rico, Dr. E. Fer

land which had been in the hands

nandez Garcia).

IS

â&#x20AC;˘

LEGALIZE

I

Drawings of the Puerto at two each month, with the c

4 and December 25 designat

greatly increased prizes, ai^ ings.

The grand prize for th ber, 1934, was $20,000.00. T^ December 22, 1937 was $75,1 The purpose of the Loti Here is hc-w I.offrrji Funds (â&#x2013; (rnirihuic to Ji(jlif Tiihcrrulosis.

The Puerto Rico Lottery distributed $3,153,058 in Prizes and $1,874,466.92 for Health and Charities up to

Jan. 31, 193k Of the latter amount $980,075.31 has help

ed finance the campaign against tuberculosis, conducted by the Department of Health; $532,879.51 has been sup plied to assist municipalities of the second and third clas ses, solely and exclusively in the services of health and municipal charity and $361,512.10 has been provided for the support of four district hospital units now^ in con struction, which shall consist of three hundred beds each, and shall include the services of medicine, surgery, ob stetrics, pediatrics, dispensary ambulance and social work

provide the Department of funds for fighting tuberculc palities of the second and charitable and hospital expf ation of the Lottery has proi 000 for these specific needs.

The number of tickets f

tery varies irom time to tim demand.

All of the tickets ai

are not permitted to return

service.

The Lottery, established as a Bureau of the Insular

Treasury in 1934, has been operated at a cost of 4.3% of the income from the sale of tickets. The Lottery budJCet and all disbursement are regulated by law. Prizes total 60% of the gross value of tickets issued. There have been Lottery drawings twice each month commenc

ing with the Christmas drawing in December, 1934, the fi rst under the present law.

For many decades prior to the ch mge from Spanish sovereignty in 1898 Puerto Rico had had a Lottery. It was then abolished, and the fi rst Insular Legislature made ihe operation of a lottery illegal. After a lapse of 34 vears the Legislature reestrblished the Lottery as a re venue measure, the revenue'^ to be used for specific pur

poses. During the years when the island was without Its own lottery it is estimated that several hundred thou

sand dollars each year w^re spent here for lottery ticki-ts irom Spain, Santo Domingo, Cuba and elsewhere.

Anolhpr graphic deinonstration of 7 Wf{1 Thifi ifi.siif trill

TO

RICO ■■■

Rico Lottery are fixed by law Irawings falling nearest July ed as "extraordinary", with I' the others ordinary draw-

^^first big drawing in DecemI'e grand prize announced for

300.00.

ery, as outlined by law is to Sanitation with additional

isis, and to provide municithird class with money for mses. The successful operdded approximately $1,900,-

br each drawing of the Lote according to the estimated ■e sold for cash to agents who unsold tickets. At present

Mcfliral sviencc he'prd hy J.oftery Funds to hrnrfit n sirk'y hunKniify.

there are 238 agents, and the number of tickets available

to each agent is fixed by contract. Each agent gives ijond for the faithful performance of his or her contract.

Tickets for ordinary drawings sell for $5.00 to $6.00

and each ticket is divided into twentieths. The selling price

for extraordinary drawings is determined by the amount

of prizes offered. Agents have a discount of 20% from

the sales prices of ordinary tickets, and 15^;. from the price of extraordinary tickets.

The law limits prizes to 60%. of the gross value

tickets issued each drawing. Because of the higher pro

ceeds from the two "big" drawings each year, as well as ihe smaller commission allowed agents on these draw

ings, the Lottery has distributed 31.8% of its gross in

come for health and charitable purposes.

Each drawing is public and is supervised by a iurv of from three to five members whose selection is approved by the Treasurer of Puerto Rico. The jury chairman inspects all Lottery apparatus the day before the draw ing, after which the prize balls and numbered balls are

jnit under seal. This inspection is in addition to a trinle

examination of the balls and an inspection of all T,ntti)'v mechanism by Lottery officials. ^

otfery at the Hcrricc of H''aVh <in(t ciix-ulule hy mail)

Interest in the Lottery has grown from the beean :ng, as indicated by a growing patronage. Prizes have been increased in amount, and the distribution has been increased by law from 50 to 60':, of the value of the tick ets. The first grand prze was for $20,000 00 This was for the drawing in December 1934. Since tlien thlaggest grand prize offered was $75,000.00 for the last December, twenty second dr.^winfr. while the next Tulv

grand prize has been fixed at $75,000.00.

r JSAX -TT'AX OF TODAY AXD tomorrow

{( ontinued from pajie 5) Jn the North tliey are used to that phenomenon ; that is why tliey

smooth the way for the develop ment of cities. The far-seeing mu nicipal assemblies of the XIX cen

tury explain ])erfectly why New

Y ork is today a clean cut city to which one can come from all di

rections, instead of being a laby rinth. The modern municipal au-

The growth of cities is in direct

thirty-seven millions inhabitants

other spirit they will know how to

because there has not been an

correct the errors of their ances-

easy way of communication for the

toi-s, and San Juan will be a beau

tiful city, the pride of the Antiple would necessitate. Neverthe lies and of America, that city less, the development of aviation, which many minds see fast advanwhich jumps over the greatest dis (ing from Puerta de Tierra to the tances in short time, not only picturescjue Buen Consejo of Rio makes po.s.sible, but necessary, this Piedras, from the piei*s to far away

area which such a number of peo-

iirbs which humanity never dream

Catano, everything

ed of.

wonderful metropolis, which needs but careful planning to be a must

fliorities take due precautions as to

tl)e future of the city wliose popu

In the United States the railway

lation in the year 2000 is said will be thirty-seven million inhabitants.

In Porto Rico we do not foresee and plan ahead enough, and due to this lack of prevision the future .San Juan seems destined to be de-

companies and the electric rail ways further the develojjment of cities by establishing means of com

])rived of beauty and comfort. To

The future generations will face

have the appearance of a daughter of contingency, born witli good na

great difficulties as they will find

tural disposition, but which, due

terday, have not paid due attention to the laying out of ]mrk.s and s<|uares, iioi- even to such a rudi-

to lack of preimration is not what it should be.

a*1.. .

mentaiy thing as the intelligent

relation with the progress made in laying out of streets and avenues. the means of communications. But as those generations will have There has not yet been a city of another type of education and an

munication.

Thus they

increase

tiieir ]n-ofits and honor themselves by aiding ^irogress.

beautiful one.

points to a

That is the San

Juan of tomorrow less ei>ic than

that of yesterday, more i)raetieal and enterprising even than that of today; in othei- words, a greater

San Juan, a truly "rich post", rich in commerce, education, enter-

].rise and all those things that make a great city.

tliat tlie men of today, and of yes

(Courtesy, of the Editor of "The Book of Porto Rico" - Dr. E. Fer nandez (tarcia)

'Wf- .L.r,

. ^

>0^

Coconut Pulms Near Stin Juan, /s/a VercJe, .S'tz-jj Juan. P. p Caribbean

A Briel History of the Parent-Teacher Associations in Puerto Rico The educational activities of our

{By Eloy Eslrada)

were confined almost entirely to the

c'assioom, the school receiviufr no outside cooperation from the liome or the community. The modern

President of the Insular League of Parent-Teacher Associations

a League were discussed and final

cle of activities beyond the class

ly approved. This League of Par

operate in the great problems con fronted by the teacher and the child in the process of education. As a

and the community haA'e been es tablished Avith the funds of the As

sociations. A these

school system has extended its cir room offering an opportunity to both jiarents and teachers to co

and poor children. In some case.s

libiaries for the use of the pupils

early school system in Puerto Rico

good

AssGciatioas

number

of

have erected

lunchrooms buildings, fences to protect th? school grounds and cis

ent-Teacher Associations has been

terns to supply water for their local

functioning very successfu ly up to date. It represents almo.st all

f'choo's, Avith the money they have

the municii)al and local as.sociation.s of the Island. The local associa

bought pianos, radios victrolas and

i cciired.

Some of them haA'e also

result of the.se activities, associa tions were established forming a

tions are formed bj' the i)arents or

other equipments and supp les for the schools in Avhich they are or

guardians of the children attend

ganized.

ckser contact and a better under

ing school, and by the teachers. At

At the present moment the Board

standing between the school, the

the beginning cf each school year

of Directors of the Insular League

a general meeting of parents and

of Parent-Teacher A.ssociatioas is

teacheis is held in each .school

organizing a drive to afiliate with

was organized by the "Practice

bui'ding, for the purpose of elect

School of the Univei-sity of Puerto

the National Congress of Parents and. Teachers. They are also making efforts to gain the affilia tion of eA'ery local associations to the League and also to secure co

home and the community.

The first association of this kind

Rico" in 1914, under the name of

ing a "Board of Directors" Avhich Avill conduct the activities of the

"The i\Iothers Association." Dur

organization during the year. Other

ing the same year the MunicipaUty

meetings are held for the discus

of IJtuado, located in the heart of sion and approval of plans tend the Island, established the "Com ing to the imi)rovement of the con mittee on School and Agricultural ditions in the .schools and the com-

Development." Short'y afterAvards Parent-Teacher As.sociatioiis Avere e.stablished in different tOAvns and rural districts ol the aa'IioIc country.

Tlie number of these Associations had increased so rapidly and the in-

tere.st on the part of the members AA'as so great that in 1923 it AAa.s decided to organize an Insular

League. To this effect an AssembiA of a,U the Parent-Teacher Associa

m unit A'.

Statl^tic.s obtained lately sIioaa' that there are 1258 Parent-Teacher

Associations in Puerto Rico, of Avhich IfiS are functioning in the urban zones and 1090 in the rural districts. Of these Associations over 900 are afi'iated to the Insular League at the ]n-e.sent time.

The Avork of these A.ssociations

has proved to be of great practical

tions existing in the Island, togeth'Cr with the Annual C onA'ention of the Puerto Rico Teacher's As

value and it is due to their efforts and initiative that the health con ditions of our children have been

sociation, Avas held in the city ot

greatly improved by ])roviding aid

Caguas, Avhere by-laws and regula

toAvards school lunchrooms, shoes,

tions for the organization of such

clothing and medicine for orphans

Cari^hem Seview

operating members.

Welfare of childhood, suece.ss of

the school and cultural dcA'e'opment AA'ere the altruistic and pa

triotic principles that inspired the croation of the.se associations. They are worthy of ])rais^^ and congrat

ulations on the jiart of cA'cry good citizen. It can be ascertained, in conclusion, that through these or

ganizations a better s|)irit and dis])o.sitioM of friendshi\) and confi dence amrng the ])arents and tea

chers has been assured, Avhich is he ping largely in the development of the fourfold program of modern

education, namely, the physical, mental, .social and moral problems effecting the chi.'d.

17

tourist

gold

and

the

SPANISH MAIN

(Continued from page 6)

of wealth of a well-organized tour

is the beginning of understanding. tes. A temperate climate with the A localitj' can not appreciate another, and much le.ss be concern ed with its fate. unle.ss it knows it, becomes acquainted with its his tory, and learns to appraise its me

heat of the sun mitigated by the trade-winds; a somewhat irregular

tcpogi'aphy; a luxuriant fl ora which embraces the gamut of green

in al' its hues; beautiful panoramas

spread out as. miracles cf color and haimeny; clear, limpid streams

ist business which will become an inexhaustible source of fruitful and well-distributed benefits.

misfortune. Geogra])hically isol ated and lacking the initiative

While speaking of benefits we should not forget that they are

to attract the attention of others, we have drifted along into a state

of two kinds: one is remunerative,

of deplorable anonymity. And it

that Ls, it represents the financial income, and the other is spiritual and relates to the advantages de rived by visitors gaining a know ledge of a country visited by them.

There is no doubt that among loealitifts, as among individuals, a

can net be said that it is due to our territorial smallness, because the

mutual human undei'standing is

si.steney of llawaiians in advertis ing the attractions of their coun-

there is any country that has na

tr\, has overcome the indifference of other races, desjjite isolation,

charm its. visitors, that country is

absolutelj' necessary in order tliat â&#x20AC;˘^bey may appreciate each other.

Thus, when a district has been for

rits. And this has so far been onr

eloquence of a consummated fact will contradict such an assertion.

T1le Hawaiian island.s, each ol them smaller than ours, are better known

abroad than our island. The per-

some time a tourist center, that

lost in the vastness of the Pacific

fact has

ocean.

contributed to make it

known to the re.st of the world, because its visitors, on their return,

have devoted themselves to jn-aising the attractions of that j)ortion of the planet. The knowledge we

WE

HAVE

EVERY

ADVAN

TAGE

Has our island the essential con

t! action for tourists .' We believe it

piO|)aganfla has been so beneficial

to these countries that when some

of them were involved in the world war the sympathy of many neuti-als was influenced towards them.

The tragedy in which our island a.ssumes the princijjal role in its

relations with the continent is due l^orhaps, to no other cau.se than the

Jack of knowledge which the peo

has. because as we have said be

fore, few countries match oui's in j atui'al charm and attractions, ju ne supasses it.

The e.\)>erienced and cultured traveller, aftej- an in.sj)ection of ( ur monumental forts and palaces f)f colonial ai'chitecture, our beautifid and famous cities finds him-

.sdf impressed by the process of histoi-ic trausfoi'ination here exem-

jilified.

Our island offers to keen

obsei vers, as would no other place,

the opportunity to vei'ify an evo

ple of the United States have of lutional develoi)ment I'eally won Puerto Rico. I am (|uite sure that derful. it an intimate knowledge of Puer to Rico and the ethnic and sociolo gical chai'acteristics f)f its inhabit

ants had been diffused among our

Puerto Rico is an Eden, and if tural

attractions to

please

and

our island. If to the work of na ture there is addetl the decided

doutedly our efforts will be crown ed by succes.s. nations is in direct relation to the

ability or inability of their inha bitants to accpiire riches. The peo ple who know how to produce enough for local consumption and, if jiossible, to have a surplus for cxticrt, avoid the future economic de|)re.ssion.s. We must admit that the tourist indu.stry is one of the

most profitable of all industries.

Let us think earnestly of the ad vantages which our Island will re ceive if a favorable 0|)inion is created for the encouragement and

attraction of touri.sts, because by so doing we will be working for Hie spiritual aggrandizement of our native land, and thus contri

bute to redeem it from its present c- c0n o m ic lethargy.

Jf to this we add the most im-

pertant factoi- in impressing tin;

loin ist with the climatological superi(,rity of the country he pro-

fellow-citizens of the Noidh. the ])oses to visit, we must inevitably status of our native land would be

ISLAND IS AN EDEN

The prosjierity or ])overty of

Belgium, Italy, Poland, and Swit-

miough to visit them. And this

l:'.ndscai)es where the sun 'aunches its g( Iden arrows to the skies at dawn, and magnificent conflagrat ion ; nights of enchantment.

I urpose of it.^ inhabitants to make

ditions to become a center of at-

of i)eison.s who have been fortunate

inarvclou.s sunrises in magnificent

of it a playground for touri.sts, un-

have of such countries as France. zciland, is derived, more than from anything else, from the narratives

which fall in airy cascades, to glide

tlnrugh verdant fields to the .sea;

ASK

FOR

CARIBBEAN REVIEW

conclude that our island has an ex

different today since knowledge ceptional offering whicli makes it

establishes a relationship, an^ this a Meca for pilgrims from all rou

CARBIAMHERS Carihican Jtevicw

m ft

details by competent goverfiiuent officials and their

FEDERAL MONET...

solution is being carried oji slowly but steady iiitli (Continued from page 8)

excellent results for the last ten years.

All Federal agencies established in Puerto Rico have at all sight failed to accomplish what wa.s ex

Rural Rehabilitation and other industrial i)'ans will continue to remain among the dust of office shelve.s if Fairbank expects to develcpe them in a non-

pected of them and it is time for the Fedei-al autliorities to put an end to this irresiionsible business.

competiting basis with mainland industries as he em phasizes in his address to Ickes.

For fear that the new millions, now aimed to ic'case the le.-s fortunate classes from the fiery claws

Washington Administration, uj) to now, has dis regarded State Legislatures and 'ocal governments to

of iinescrupulous landlords and landladies, may fall

handle the Recovery IMillions and with quite a worthy exception outstanding to account for the procedure, it entrasted the money in the hands of inexinn-t poli ticians which damned the peop'e's needs, sank their hands in piles of reluctant raonej' and filled their

pockets and bank accounts with regularly well fed

in the hands of these i literates of economy is that

we warn ak classes in need of such aid throughout the Nation to come to the defen.se of their right., b.\ peti

tioning Washington Authorities to entrust this new money, through the ])roper channels, in the cf honorable citizens constituent of the State or Terlitopial local power.

Treasury Notes.

We consider the Insular Government an organ

Fortunately, Federal authorities are still in time

to attend to tliis matter with a view to protect the ization cai)ab e of looking over and handle Federal people's interests in the best way possible.

Money with unremarkable capacity antl honesty with the gieat advantage that all problems, social and eco L. KORTRIGIIT nomic, affecting our island have been studied in full

, f'M

A bcoidifii.' diJOni;:Ji Pafio

seen in San Juan.

CariObvdii

DO

YOU

0 W?

K

Co-Editor's Page for Children WHY TREES DO NOT HAVE LEAVES IN WINTER

Wlicii fall comes the leaves of all

klndf*. come clown, dowm, down. But

fortunately the leaves do not fall from the ever{?reens, for if this should happen, what would we do

shrubs with broad leaves that stay on all winter. But if you look at these leaves closeW you will see

that they too are tough and slip

What is meant hy Home

freeze during winter they will be all ready for it, just as the ever

c.oiomicsf

greens of the North are.

Home economics is the organized knowledge which treats of food,

Now, why is that these trees lose

winter? Of course, we like to see the leaves fall.

We like to rake

them up and jump into pi'es of them. And they help us to make our flowerbeds and rosebashes snug and warm for the winter. But all

these things do not help the trees.

The best way to learn why trees lose their leaves when winter comes is to find out what woukl hai)pen

THE LITTLE ROSE TREE

clothing, shelter and household

Every rose on the little tree

management in their physical, eco nomic and social aspects as related

Is maJcing a different face at me!

to the life and welfare of the in

Some looJc surprised when I pass hy.

And others droop â&#x20AC;&#x201D; hut they are shy.

These two who.se he<ids together press

dividual, the famih' and the com munity.

Ten secrets I could never guess.

Some have their heads thrown back to

How much does it raise the

temperature of a refrigerator to open the door?

(sing

And all the buds are listening.

I wonder if the gardener knows, Or if he calls each just a ro.se.

if these Irees should keep their

leaves through the winter. In the

HOME ECONOMICS

pery ; so even if it does snow or

for our Chiitsmas trees?

their pictty leaves and are as bare a.", dead trees all through the long

to the who'e western world by Mercator, the geographer, in 1541.

EACHEL FIELD

It has been found that opening the door of a refrigerator raises the temperature from one to three de grees.

first place, most of the summer 'caves are so soft and delicate that

HISTORY

the high wiiuN of winter would tear them to i)ieces. And they are How long a period does Ame .VQ broad and flat that the heavy rican History coverf .spowstorms would weigh them down and break the branches even According to the Dictionary of more than the snow would. Then, American dates, the History of too. the ground is usually frozen America goes back to 450 A. D. In in wintei*. so the tree.s cannot get this year, a Budhist mis.sionary is

Should a floor of a room he lighter or darker than the wal'ls?

When practicab'e, the darkest tones should be used for floors or

floor coverings, lighter tones for walls, and the lightest of all for ceiling.

ANIMALS

the water that the leaves need, and said to have visited Fu Sang, sup if the 'eaves could not get the water posed to have been America.

W hen was the first mule hred

they would dry out and wilt.

in the United States?

Now, the rea.son why evergreen

trees can keep their leaves in win ter is because they are made so that storms and freezing weather do not

harm them. The tiny "needles" in all the evergreen trees in the North are so thin and slippery that .snow s'ides right off them. And

they are so small and tough that they do not dry out in freezing weather.

On what date did V. S. Con

stitution go into effect?

The Bureau of Animal Industry say.s that the fii-st mule bred in this

The Constitution of the United States w'as declared to be in effect the fir.st Wednesday of March 1780.

country of which it has a record

is one bred by George Washmgton.

The first jack brought to this country was presented to him by

What part of the wo)'>!d was first cabled America.'

the King of Spain.

Ho animals other than dogs The name of Amercia was first

suffer from rabies?

If you happen to live in the applied to Centr?.l Brazil, in honor South or other temperate eountHâ&#x201A;Ź8

of Amerigo Vespucci, who claimed

its discovery. It was ^irst applied

Cases of rabies have been ident"

(Please turn to page 88)

THE FIRST triumph

To the Governor and the

(Continued from page 10)

Legislature

flag* of Spain to indicate that the

americans were under the protect ion of its flag.

"Good Lord, the people have done this", exclaimed the General excitedly.

"The people of ilayagliez did exactly what I have told Your ex-

It lias been revealed lately, tliat

Polieemen, a.s well as other gov ernment emjiioyees are entitled to

jiciicemeu all o\'er the island are wcrlfing from G A. il. to G P. i\I.

annual leave.

and from 7:80 P. il. to 11:80 P.

rious data if this iiliase of the po

1\1. a total of IG hours. After work

lice prob'ein be investigated.

Few montlis ago. iiatrolman Pe

ing tlie regn'arly daily scheduled hours, that is, form G A. 1\I. to G

It will reveal a cu

P. M. they are required to assist

terson nn't with death while sitting on a rear window at the Oliver

have done."

night force from 1Y> P. M. to 11

Theater in Arecibo compelled by

"General", â&#x20AC;&#x201D;one of his aides spoke resiiectfully, but dared not

80 P. if.

The efficiency standard of the

extra time after liis regular 12 hour

continue as Dufresne .stared haugh tily at him. Finally the General asked, "A war with England? Ls that what you mean ? Xothing would ]jlease His IMajesty diaries

police is. therefore, torn to pieces for nobody expects efficient service

tcur had been, served. It has been

from a worn down body, handicaped by exce.ssive work, under-

ing his SIXTEENTH hour :deepiiig in the tragic window when he

nrurisliment, and insnfficient re.st

fall flat to the street and killed him

to bring norina'ity to an upset her-

self.

ceMency."

"Well I approve everything they

III more than such a news."

"You approve of the action of

the people?, asked the ad.iutant.

"1 approve of it heart!,'y."

"You see no danger?"

"Enough".

A few minute.s later the com

plaint of the commander of the English frigate was handed to tiie

regulations to assist night force in

A'oiis .system. While Xew York and

authorities concerned to act aecor-

come of .^loO. our public servers

dinglv.

earn $S().

DO YOU KXOW?

ivild tifjcr or lion, or one born in captivity?

(Continued from page 21)

the partiality tJie people of Maya-

ified among* cats, cattle, swine and Jioi.ses.

giiez liad shown toward the .socidled Americans. He said that

Which is the easier to train, a

timsr men were Kng!i.sh subjects and that Eiiglan^l iiad a right to

CARIBBEAN REVIEW expects

otlier cities policemen have an in

General.

The Commander complained of

coneliuled that Peterson was serv

i\renagerie men and animal trainer.", say tliat a jungle tiger or lion, if caught young, is easier to train than one born in caiitivity.

icca])tme them.

nufresne stated that the iieojde of Mayaguez had acted in a cor rect manner. He said: "Tliesp

])eople who have raised the fia<r nf .Spain over the American vessels have done right. Our government has recognized the new Republic and her vessels may enter our ports and receive protection." He then ordered tlie "Gla.sgow" to leave the jmrt at once unless it wished to jirovoj^e trouble.

Shortly after the frigate left the Jtarbor.

The Amei-iean sailor.s and tlie jx'ople of Mayagiiez then celebrated the fiJ'.st t]*inm|)li of tlie Star.s and .Stripes on Porto Rican soil.

Cathedral, San Juan, P. p.

It was a stmset of wonder.

There was a smell saturating

There was pleasure in the sky Tliat in ways I can not ponder (lave nie joy, T know not why.

'1 he entire area of i-oad and tields.

It was tliat of .sugar making the toi fill sugar mills.

Tlieie was beauty around the mountains,

1 felt glorious faseinatiiin

Over valleys, rivers, lakes; Sweet murmurinfr at the fountains

At the eutieiug reereation

Of the kind God only makes.

1 hat it gave me as new grace

Theie wa.i jrreat mapfieiaii's {rleaminp;,

And so misterious devotion.

Was becoming within me That I perceived a notion

Chaiminp: tints of {riowinpr grauze That the clouds vaporous weaving Made inviting to repose.

Tiiere were pastures full of cattle, Pacing hor. e,s in the lanes, At the roads, of ox-earts rattle.

At long range, acres of canes.

At the eueliautment of the place.

Of i\Iy God and could Him see.

Could Him see in alluring grandour So magiiificent'y well

That 1 could feel His splendor r>ut II is Greatness can not tell.

AXnUES jrSTlCTA

Caribbean Sev\ew

Our

Theaters

During' the last ten years the

MARTl, Ponce de Leon Ave.,

Editorial — — — — — —

The UNITED THEATERS Inc.,

perseverance of Rafael Ramos Cobian and Eduardo R. Gonzalez, President and Vice-President res

pectively, of the Corporation which operates over fifteen theaters in

Leon

Ave.,

ENCANTO, Fernasdez Juncos

Ave. Sto}) 15.

PARAilOUNT, Ponce de Leon xVve., Stop 17.

POPl LAR. Ponce de Leon Ave..

Stop 241/2-

in

Puerto Rico —

17

By Eioy Eftradu

21

Co-Editors Page for Children

25.

A Puerto Rican Sunset

23

By Andres Justieia-

IMAR.TI. Boriiuiuen Ave. Barrio Obrero.

(JTRTAIN BETWEEN LA CONCEPCION AND LA PALM A

MUNICIPAL THEATRE. Plaza

BASTION

dc Cclon. San -luan.

It

THE CATHEDRAL

was ee.nsti'ueted betwi^en the

years 1(53(5 to 1(538 with Insular fuuds and has never been u.sed as

SAN JUAN CITY :\Ioving Rictures

This was construrted in the year 1527 with

Island funds

derived

fiom private subscriptions. It was luine;! by cartlupiakes ami hur1 iriiiies ill the years l(il5 and 17s7.

It

wa

bt iug begun

a f(.i tification. There being several ju ivate ii^sidenees facing said wall.

Avhieh foims a part of Tetuan St.. it was. used as a jiublie street and

afterwards, work

l>ropeity holders thereon have ae(piiied. since late in the XVIII

November 2(5. 1S02.

century, the rigrt of way. through

rebuilt

with funds from the same source

usage.

and a. ta.x levied on all the Munici

palities (if the Island, voted by

bread.

the C,.(.rtes at Madrid. September

has been repaired and maintained with island funds until October,

ENREKA, Ponce de Leon Ave. 2, 1811, consisting of two "cuar-

Caribbean Jitvii'W

Associations

Do You Know.' — — — —

T 11 E A T E R S

Stop 5.

Teacher

I\IARTf, San iMateo Ave.. Stop

ner Brothers.

Moving Pictures

By Eugenio Adol

A Biief History of Parent-

SAVOY. Leiza St.

PUERTA DE TIERRA

12

Stop 22.

liafae' G. Alarti controls for his theaters all tilm^ produced by War

St.. .Marina.

10

Alen of the Past —

Ave., Stoi) 21.

playing the chain name MARTl.

TRES BANDKRAS Comereio

The First Triumph

By Juan B. UuyTce

SAN JOSE. Loiza St.

MARTI. San Just') St. RIALTO. Salvador Bran St. JjUNA. Rafael Cordero St.

8

PI ERTO RICO. Ponce de Leon

( APITOL. Ponce de Leon Ave.,

cpeiated throughout the city.

6

By Loiti.s Kortright

prising and commercial spirit ows

Other independent theaters are

]\Iain

By Bafarl Sancho Bond

Step 17.

DELICIAS, Fernandez Juncos Ave. Stop 2.'1.

City at night with their beacon-like

Bil M. M' artinet Pier

NUEVO, Lippitt Ave. Stop 1(5. Federal ]\loney is Running Wild !MART1, Ponce de Leon Ave.,

The third man in the business is Rafael G. ^larti to whose enter

electric signs in red and green dis-

5

Tourists Gold and the Spanish

Stop 15.

the locality.

San Juan a chain of mo lerji built theaters which beautify the Capital

San Juan of Today and To morrow

LIBERTY, Ponce de Leon Ave.,

pioneers of the j^resent industry, worked its way along through bad times due to the conse(juence and

de

Stop n.

ecpiiped theaters for motion picture and vodevil shows.

Bii OUvci" Shaw

Moving Pictures

ccnti ibuted to this steady progress,

establishing all over San Juan and its barrios modern built and well

3

SANTURCE

Three men, young, energetic, en

terprising and almost daring, have

THIS ISSUE Page

FOX, l^once

land.

IN

Stop fii/j.

theatrical business lias been raised

to a very high standard of profi ciency placing the motion i)icture show industry among the most promissing and dependab'e on tlie is

CARIBBEAN REVIEW

tos" (one cent) on each loaf of

Since its construction

it

1898.

25

Juan Ponce de Leon Carnival True to its traditions of many many thousands of bulbs and of centuries, Puerto Rico has always giant searchlights emitting rays of celebrated the anual Carnival sea-

varied colors.

con with added splendor and gaie Another event which is scheduled ty as the years roll by. In 1937, to provide interest for all visitdrs, with a view to make such ho iday and which ha.s been organized on period more attractive to tourists, the basis of the practical experience the Government of tlie Island, un gained last yeai, is the hiatorical der the administration of the Hon. representation of the Siege of San Blantcn Wimship, officiary lent its Juan by the Dutch, occurred in support to tlie

celebration.

The

Carnival was then permanently de

happy and frolicsome balls and dance.s, will also be part of the Ge neral Program arranged for the 1938 Ponce de Leon Carnival.

Public building.s in the city pro per, and private residences in the ai istoeratic suburbs, will be atrac-

t ively decorated and festooned with garlands of natural flowers; and the full carnivalesqiie spirit of fun

1625; to which will be addecl a His

and hapjiiness will be found evi

torical Pageant, showing the pro-

dent in the continuous battles of

signated with the name of Ponce gres.s made in Puerto Rico in all confetti, the flinging of streameio, -PE Leon, thus honoring that great its jihases, throughout the years fit ating of balloons and other prac figure of history, original settler since its discovery by Columbus tical expressions of revelry and

of Puerto Rico and its tirst Gover nor General, Don Juan Ponce de

in 1493.

The Coronation of the Queen of

Children will also have their par

Leon, noted conquistador and see

the Carnival —illss Puerto Rico—

ticipation in the festivities organ

ker of the legendary Fountain of and of the seven Princesses, rep A'outh.

Because, of the .success attained

resenting the .seven districts into

frolic.

ized. with the selection of a King

and Queen, in which the seven dis

which the Island is divided jiolit-

in the festivities of last years, mark

tricts of the Island will be repre-

ically, null conditute an eventful

ed with pleasant recol'ections both

social and ])ublie ceremony, sur

s e n t e d. Coronation ceremonies, Conte.sts and a Baby Parade are

in the Island and far beyond its rounded by unusual .sumptuoirs- special event.; for the younger ele borders, keen anticipation has been

widely felt for the forthcoming 1938 PoNTE DE Leon Carnival,

he.' •. and showy brilliancy, hardly to be matched anywhere else. As

ment.

an atldcd attraction, one hundred

another of the appealing attract

A mammoth

Carnival

Fair is

which has now been announced for beautiful girls, arrayed in very ions ])repared for the period of the period from February 18 to striking military uniforms, will Jicsta. A siilcndid array of amuse March 1. jire. ent a .series of drills during the ments, thi illing sjieetacles and

The genera' program of events ceiembny of the Coronation which

oilier mean; of diversion have been

outlined, give a most appealing as

wil' be conducted in the brilliantl.v

surance of omusua] rounds of diver

eontraeted fi( m abroad speeiall.v

illuminated Parade Grounds of El

for the Fair.

sion,;, far superior to that of pre ceding years.

horcmost in the preparations

Morro.

One week before the Coronation,

the ceremony of the Proclamation

I'l'simme of amusements.

and Ball held in one of the leading

iSpceial theatrical pro luctioiis have been arranged, and Night

nmde for this next Ponce de Leon take, place, in a Grand Reception

Carnival is a more advanced rejieti

t on of the 1937 illumination of the resorts of the Cajiital City. Socie city of San Juan and its suburbs. ty turns out in full force tor this Ihose who were fortunate to at e>ent, the ])reliniinary in a series tend last year we'l remember the of gayest social functions.

lascinating effect given nightly by

the myriads of lights surroundinn-

Fiicworks and pyrotechnic dis plays will be added to the pro-

A Par-rle of Floats, with magni

llio facades of the more importairt ficent prizes for the mo.st artistical ly' decorated in natural flowers and buildings, garlands of bulbs a'ong for those of a commercial nature;

Life in cabarets and rc-^orts will be ])iovided with extra talent import ed from the mainland and other jilaces.

As may be noted, the twelve days duration of these Carnival fe.stici ties will be crowiled with events

and acts designed to jirovide .joy and entertainment t<. the spirit of cultural contest, in which the imaing a mo.sl brilliant ensemble that ginaticn and intelligence of the all visilors. that each and every one brought to the Capita' (,f the Is]i:irticipants will be put to a test; may find full enjoyment in their hiiid the appclalion of "'('itv of s'reet parailes of mask"d revelers ewn i)articnlar manner.

Inglit-<." ,\ greater eff(.r1 \vj|| l)o ami mnmimu"'<. ;ic<'ompauied by ga_\ It is need'css to . a.\' t hat I be charmade in 1!>3H to further earn this groups ryf minslipl - and dancers: iu tori;.-:tir-v of hospitality and eour.- ingulfir title, by the addition of verv important sports events, and (Plea.se turn to page 27)

the sjiacious thoroughfares, provid''-

Caribbean jRevicm

e of P

UISIT

PUERTO RICO

Any travel agent in your community is fully informed and able to help you plan your trip to Puerto Rico wisely and economicallyj pleasantly and pro^ fitable. Considt him freely at any time^ or address your inquiry to INSTITUTE OF TOURISM (iovfriiiiRiit of Puerto Rieo (530 Fiftli Avenue

New York

Did You Know: That Puerto Rtco

year in articles produced or nianni'actnred in the

States i-ice over taking its purchases to 56 of all the rice exported from the United States, i. e.. more

United States of America.

than all the rest of the countries of the world together.

SPEXT inoiv tlijin $77,000,000 in rlie last fiscal

liUYS 10',( of the total nonri.sh products export ed from Ihiited States, that is, more than any other

IS the third in importance as market of lard of

foreijiii contry \vith the exception of Great Britain

the United States, buying i)ractical,1y twice more the (piantity than European countries. Puerto Kico buys

and Canada.

17tl>''f of all the lard exported from U. S.

OCCUPIED the seventh place as market of i)rodiicts of United States over foreijrn countries among

a proportion of MOO'; since 181)8.

HAS increased matriculation in public schools in

them, Italy, .Mexico, Spain and China.

HAS increased its annual expenses for educatio BUYS 10'f of the total wheat flonr exported from the Continent, and occupies the second place in

nal purposes in a i)roportion of 28()()'( since this country belong to United States.

importance between all the markets of I'. S. the ]irodiicers and the millers are dea'ing with.

SEXDS hundi-eds of students every year to study in colleges and universities of the U. S.

BUYS 1 2'/ of the total cigarettes exported from

tile United States, tiiat is. :noi-e than all the Enro))ean (â&#x20AC;˘(aintries together.

PUERTO RICO is a po.ssesion of U. S.. since

181)1) in connection with the treaties that put and end to the Spanish-American War. The Puertoricans are

IS the lii-eatest nnyer of .shoes made of tan leather

in the United States, and hny more leather shoes than all the rest of the foreign countries together.

SPEXDS $l).()()().()l)() every year in the United

citizens of U. S. The island i.s a part of U. S. Tlie commerce of Puerto Rico is handled iindei" tariffs

and trade laws of the U. S. using American shii.s.

^ngar Pr(Âťducers Association of P. R.

T:-'WTfT-*.

JOIN

THE SANS SOUCI BEACH CLUB KM. 4, H. 4

ISLA VERDE, LOIZA ROAD, SANTURCE, PUERTO RICO

DANCING

SWIMMING

The finest bathing resort in Puerto Rico. One hundred bath houses, new showers and other improvements.

SPECIAL OFFER: For one dollar you can enjoy every day, during a whole month a refreshing swin in the safest beach in the island. Free use of Club House, bath house, showers and free parking space for your car. Ice cold beer and other drinks at lower prices to members. JOIN

NOW!This offer holds good during March only. After March membership fee will cost you $3.00 instead of one dollar. If you join NOW your renewals will only cost you one dollar

instead of $3.00 per month.

Mail your name, address and membership fee of one dollar to:

R. S. GAUTIER, Manager, Sans Souci Beach Club, Km. 4â&#x20AC;&#x201D;H4, ISLA VERDE

Santurce, Puerto Rico.

TOURISTS AND VISITORS, WELCOME!-