A Brief Sketch Of the Island (1948)

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CHAMBER OF COMMERCE OF PUERTO RICO

A BRIEF SKETCH

OF THE

ISLAND

DESCRIPTION - HISTORY - GOVERNMENT PRINCIPAL PRODUCIS - INDUSTRIES TRANSPORTATION

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COMMUNICATIONS

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TOURIST

INFORMATION

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JANUARY 1948

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SAN JUAN, PUERTO RICO

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ilVli CHAIVIBSR OF COMT-'IERCE OJ? HJERTO RICO DIVISION OF PROMOTIOM AND

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INFORMATION

SAN JUAN, P. R.

A BRIEF SKETCH ON PUERTO RICO GENERAL OB&ERVATIONS

Tli0 Island of Puerto Rico is the siasllest and easterumost of the Greater Antilles. Area is approximately 3,400 squere miles;

population in 1945 is 8,060,000. The population density is greater than that of any of the Víest Indian Islands with the single exception of Barbados.

Of the total land area, some 1,100,000 acres are under some kiud of cultivation; 900,000 acres are in pasture or woodland. As the Island is volcanic in'prigin and very mountalnous, thls is one of the highest lend-use percentages in the world. If the United Statee produced as much from its soil, per square mile, as Puerto

Rico produces, the válue of the product of United States agriculture v/ould be 40 times as grsat as it is today.

Puerto Rico lies entirely within the tropics.

Average summer

temperatura is 78 degrees. Average winter temperatura is 75 degrees.

There is no well-defined rainy season. Bulk of the Islandés rainfall comes in quick showers, which can be expected any time of the day, any day of the year. Average rainfall on the North Coast is about 60 inches per annum; on the South Coast about half thst and, in the mountains, rninfall figures rise to 160 inches per year. It is for thia reason that Puerto Ricota hydro-electric development is far

ahead of that of any area south of the Tropic of Cáncer. For about a decade, an average of 40?S of the total consumption of electricity has been generated by vJOternoT/íer,- and there are more electrified homes per square mile in Puerto Rico than in any country in the tro pics anywhere.

Puerto Rico has three dependencies; Mona Island (20 sq. mi»)# off the V/est Coast, Visques (57 sq, mi.), off the East Coast, and Culebra (11 sq, mi.), &n important naval outpost, off the East Coast.

The Island'3 forest reserves are very small, totalling only 98,000 acres altogether* THE PEOPLE

The Island of Puerto Rico was discovered by Columbas, whose

fleet took on fresh water at Guayanilla Bay, on the South Coast, on November 19, 1493, on the second voyage. The Indian ñame of the Island was Borinquen, a ñame which still persista in the nemes of

Bocieties, business firms and other enterprises. The Island was well populated by Indian tribes vlien it was discovered, but the Spanish method of enslavement in the mines so decimated the Indian population,

that only a few traces of the original Indian blood remains in the population today. The population is of Spanish and African negro

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stock; Spanish stock predominating. The people of Puerto .Rico heve been American citizens since 1917 and are thus distinguished from the inhabitants of the Philippines, Samoa, Guam, etc.

Puerto Rico ie an unincorporated territory within the ü. S.

Commoüwealth, has its o^m bi-cameral legislature, and approximately the same control over its internal affairs as is exercised by the governments of the 48 States, with an exception; the Governor is

appointed by the President of the United States, as are five raembers of his Cabinet, Voting in Insular elections, which coincide in point of time v;ith the National elections, is by universal adult suffrage, male and female. Puerto Rico is representad in the United States by

a Resident Coimnissioner who has a seat in the House of Representatives, but no vote.

CITIES

There ere 76 uiunicipalities altogether in Puerto Rico; they are the only political subdivisions, there being no counties or states. Largest is the capital and principal port, San Juan, with a population of 175, 000 and a property valuation of some 1^78,000,000^ Only one city in the Caribbean, Kevana, is larger than San Juan and the port of San Juan, in 1944, actually handled more tonnage than

did the port of Havana. Second largest city is Ponce, on the South Coast, with some 50,000 inhabitsnts. Third city is Mayaguez, on the West Coast, with 48,000.

Total property valuation of Puerto Rico is $376,000,000. The Insular Governraent's total-revenues for 1944 viere approximately

1150,000,000, v/hile expenditures were about #96,000,000. The Natio nal Income, or the net total earnings of the entire population, in

1944, was $409,600,000, or roughly $200 perinhabitant» The nativa language of the people of Puerto Rico, is of course, Spanish. About 20% of the population is bilingual for all practicDl purposes and the entire population is accustomed to the use of some

English words and phrases, esp6¡cially x^hen speaking of technical subjects.

The principal spectator sport in Puerto Rico is baseball, with horseracing a cióse aecond. Basketball and track teams furnish the

bulk of Ínter—scholaetic competition, Football is not played; either American or English. A majority of the Island's people play the In sular Lottery, which provides weekly drawings and occasional prizes

as hlgh as $90,000. Profit from the Lottery is used to support some of the Islandés hospitals and sanitariums.

Fom OF GOl^RTJMENT

The Island is administered under the Organic Áct of Puerto Rico, March 2, 1917, whloh also granted United States citi— zenship to Puerto Ricans. The Governor ie appointed by the Presi dent and holds veto power over measures passad by the Insular Le

gislature. Bills passed by a two-thirds majority over the Governor's veto are submitted to the President for final approval or vetp,» The

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Legislature consists of a Senate ot 19 members and a House of Repre sentativos of 39 members, elected for q térra of four years by direct votes of both sexes.

The Island also elects a Resident Coinraissioner

at Washington, with a voice but no vote in the House of Representatives.

The Treasury, Interior, Health, Agriculture and Coraraerce, and Coinmerce, and Labor Departraents are headed by commissioners who are appointed by the Governor, subject to confirraation by the Insular Senate% Hie Attorney General and the Commissioner of Education are appointed by the President of the United States by and with the advice and consent of the Senato of the United States. The President also appoints the Auditor of Puerto Rico, whose office regulates governmental accounts.

The seven heads of Departraents and the Executive Secretary—another cppointee of the Governor—from the Executive Council or Governor* s Gabinet.

Puerto Rico is divided into seventy-seven (77) raunicipalities enjoying autonomous governraent within the limits prescribed by the Organic Act»

San Juan is the aeat of governraent for Puerto Rico.

The Island makes its own tax laws and retains all local revenues

including castoras, incoms tax and internal revenues receipts.

BRIEF ECONOMICS

The principal occupation of the people of Puerto Rico is agri cultura, and agricultura provides about 90% of the Island's wealth, directly and indirectly. Nesrly 75^ of Puerto Rico's total annual

incorae is derived frora the sugar crop, with its byproducts; rum, alcohol and chemical solventa, The sugar crop has ranged between 750,000 and 1,250,000 tons of raw sugar per annura through the last decode. The crop was worth $75,000,000 in 1944 and the principal by-

product, rum, was worth even more (nearly $100,000,000 including taxes.)

Second most importsnt agricultural crop ie tobáceo which, in 1944, was worth, in ail forras, some $18,000,000. Coffee, formerly more im-

portant to the Island's economy than sugar, still covers most of the slopes of the Islandés mountains, and the average annual crop is still in excess of £2,500,000 pounds but, relatively speaking, the crop is not productiva of much of the total m tional incorae today. In fact, in

1944, the product of the Island's dairies vjca worth more, in térras of dollars, than the coffee crop. Virtually all of the coffee crop is now consumed locally.

AGRICUIIUES

Sugar is the most importont industiy in Puerto Rico, although its present production is limited by a "quota" established by Federal

law, During the fiscal year 1939-40, (normal years) sugrr alone ec-

counted for |57,32B,790 of exporte, in oddition to its by-products.

About 300,951 acres of land are planted in sugar cañe. There are 41

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modern grinding milis on the Island, of vjliich 11 viere in the northern district, 5 in the eastern, 12 in the southern, 4 in the western, and 9 in the interior, These milis opérate more than 1,000 miles of rail— ways, several hundreds miles of privately owned highways, and ovar 9,000 farms.

Puerto Rican climate is ideal for all tropical vegetation,

There

i3 littlo change in the seasons, henee, it is possible to ripen vegeta^Ibl0s several vieeks before any section cf the mainland, This advantage foims the basis for a rapidly grovjing trado in fresh vegetables, Similarly fresh fruits are available earlier than on the mainland,

Tvfo of the raost important fruits exportad (in volume) are pineapples and grapefruit,

They are exported both fresh and canned.

Puerto Rican citrus fruit is excellent both in quality and appearancei

being compnrable with the product of any other citrus sections of the Unitod States, Favored by climatic conditicnsj Puerto Rico is also able to supply overseas markets at seasons when prices are highest,

In 1929-30, the citrus industry shipped cióse to 1,000,000 boxes of grapefruit to the United States, A hurricane caused heavy losses in the citrus sections in 1952 and shipments fell off, The Is land has never recovered fully, Lov; prices heve continued, and, as a result, the industry has become less important, PINIiAPFI^S

Pusrto Rico is also an important pineapple—producing section, Cuba is the only other important east coast competitor, When the trade agreement was sigped between Cuba and the United States, thousands of Cuban acres were planted with pineapples, This caused prices for both Cuba and Puerto Rico to be lower than for several yeers,

The 1938 price of fresh pineapples for both sections was the lowest ever known^ and it hes remcined low ever since. Puerto Rico has

around 6,000 acres devoted to the production of pineapples, represejiting a total investment in land of more than $1,000,000, COCOANUTS

The production of Puerto Rican cocoanuts (of both the green and

yellow varietles) is estimatad at 16,500,000 a year, 20 per cent of v/hich are sold as culis at roduced prices, They are grown in scattered areas along the litoral, occupying some 10,000 acres, Nuts ship ped to the mainland are sold chiefly te the consumer in the fresh state.

No copra is produced in the Island* OTRER TROriC/j: FSTITS

In addition to the major fruits, Puerto Rico also grows orangee,

mangoes, bananas, lemons, sour cranges, quenepas, tamerinds, almonds,

mameyes, guarní, guayabas, jobos, pruns, cherries, tropical grapes (uvas-playas), and many other.

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-5INIÜSTRy

Tha most importíint industrial enfcerprise in Puerto Rico is not a single inúustry in the strict sense of that word, but a group of handcrafts whose product, known in the trade by the generic term "needlework", includes such articles as garments, lingerie, handkerchiefs, table linen, art embroidery, tapestries, hoüked, woven

and strlng rugs, gloves, leather goods, etc. Over 90^ of the workers. in this industry are woFien and, in 1944, total employment in the needlework industry exceeded 51,000 persona. The total product of the industry in 1944 was vjorth $22,000,000, including crticles produced for local consumption.

Puerto Rico manufactures most of the portland cement that is used at the present time, has two largo breweries in addition to a group of scme twenty five distilleries which, annually, produce more rum than any other single country in the world, The peo'ple of P. R* are large users of their own distillery products and consumed, in 1944, some 1,000,000 cases of distilled liquors, -roughly five quarts per capita»

Some other Puerto Rican products; dessicated coconut, Tenilla,

citrón, guava jelly, pineapples, limes, organges, grapefruit, cucumbers, peppers, tomatces, hardwood furniture and woodworking specialties, straw hats, tile and glass bottles. liviPORT-EXTORTS

In the last normal year before the present vjb.t creatad a serious

shipping shortage in the Puerto Rican trade, the Island of Puerto Rico bought from the United States $146,000,000 ^orth of merchandise.

This was larger than the nox-mal exporte of the United States to any forsign countries with the exception of Great Britain, Ganada and Preñes and was considerably in excess of the punchases in the U.S. of the other Latin iunerican countries.

Prior to 1941, the year in v/hich Puerto Rico's parchases from the

TT.S. were the hlghest in history, imports inte the Island from the Continent hsd averaged about $100,000,000 for several years. This made x-'uerto Rico, a very small country contalning only 2,000,000 inhabitents, the 7th best customer of the U.S. overseas. The Island normally buys from the United States far more than such countries as I^ssia, India,

Australia, Spain, etc., vdiich, of ccurse, are incomparably larger and more populous.

Puerto Rico likewise sells virtually ite entine annual export product in the U.S* Bince 1920, the Island's total trade with the outside world has been over 95^ with the United States.

Two vital factors, ncr'doubt, contributed much to this ach.i©ve— ment. Pirst because Puerto Rico is an integral part of the United

States, there are no tariff barriers; and seccnd, because it is as ©asy and simple to do business in Puerto Rico as it is in any of the States.

The banking system is the same. There is no difficulty in obtaining

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credit rating and prsctically all the business men speak EiigLish. Glose and frequent contact with the /nainlend has done much to create a demand for TJnited States' merchandise.

TRAMSPORTATION OVERSEAS

Áe a point of cali for flights to and ívom South América. Puerto Ganada, Alaska and New Foundland; with 470 cities in México, Central and South América and the Caribbean; with 260 cities in Africa, Turkey and the Kioo is regularly connected by air with 687 cities in the United States

cities in the IJnited Kingdom, Continental Europe, the Ipditerranean and the islands of the North Atlantic and with 546 cities

in Australia, Asia and the Far East, mostly ovar Pan American World Airweys

vía ^iow York or Mismi, and via Miami only, over Eastern Airlines.

There

j.ro í uvsn daily eallings and arrivals to and fron Akron, (Ohio), Baltimore .niicago, Detroit and Washington; 5 daily sailings and arrivals to and from

. ■■>w York, 4 daily sailing and arrivals to and from St. Thomas, Balboa,

V maguey, Kingston, Caracas, Port of Spain, Trinidad and Bcrranquilla, Co-

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sailings and arrivals to and from Atlanta, Habana, Mexidirect flightsTrinidad, to and fiom 3 dirftct dailyLouis, flightsMo-to Five and from Portdaily of Spain, 2

srrivslsone to arrival and fromand Buenos de Janeiro and St. X, -íMirgin 2 Islands; one Aires, sailing Rio to and from Camaguey,(CuDa}, Caracas (Venezuela), Ciudad Trujillo, (Dominican Republic, Curasao,

Kingston (Jamaica) Port au Princo, (Haiti) and Santiago do Cuba.

'-O vices

five American stoemship linas mnintnining regular weekly etwcon Puerto Rico and Continental United Statos as follows; 3ull Insular Linas: from Meví York to San Juan and other porte in the islf.nd, from Bfiltimoro and Philadelphla to Puerto Rico and from ports of the South Atlantic to Puerto Rico; Porto Rico Lina: with 2 weekly sailings from New York to Sen Juan and other ports in the island and a weekly sailing from Philíidolphia to Sen Juan and other ports in the island.

The Lykes Line: with ono weokly sailing out of Houston, Calvaaton and Lfko Charles to Puerto Rico;

Kio Pope and Talbort Line: with fornightly sailings out of

u>3attle, Portlond, fían Francisco and Los Angeles to San Juan and other ports of tho island; and

Watermon Line: with a weekly sailing our of New Crleans and Mobile to Snn Juan and other ports of the island and a monthly sailing our of East Bay, San Francisco, Los Aagelee to Sen Juan and other porte of the island.

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All of theso eervices are mcinly freight but most steamers have limited acconnodetions for passengers*

The porto Rico Lina naintalns a regi^lar fornifiitly pessenger service by the S.S."Borinqu0n" betvjeen Now York, San Juan and Ciudad Trujillo.

Inter-islond Servicost

Tíiere ere regular comniunications by motor ship and

motor schooner between San Juan and Curasao, between San Juan and Habana

between San Juan and Ciudad Trujillo, and between San Juan, Martinique and Guadalupe.

Local Air Transportation: The Caribbean and Atlantic Air Lino maintrins re

gular daily fliglits te and from San Juan, Pone© and ifeyaguez and between San Ju'-'in, St. Thomas and St. Croix.

^^^^nd iransportationi The island possesses a splendid system cf pavsd roads which proi/ieos modorn ivieans of communication to all parts and mades possible the operation of fast and cheap freight truck services as well as sutomoblle and bus passéiTger - services to all points of the island,

Comnunications; The island is coramunicnted by radio telephone with practically the whole world and by both radio and cable coiíimunicr-tions to fí.11 parts cf the world. The Porto Rico Telephone Co. pío vi des local and long distence telephone services though the island and tho Communications Authority of the Governinent cf Porto Rico provides telegranh services to all points in the island.

HISTORICAL NOTES

original n^e given to the Islsnd of Puerto Rico by Coliunbus was San uan nutista (St. John the Baptist). Original ñame given to the city of

San Juan was Puerto Rico (Rloh Port). Durlng the 16th Centarjr., however,

raids by the French and the Indiana wiped out the population of the southern helf of the Islend and, as the northern part of the Island was

e jurisaiction of the capital city, the ñame of the capital city wss, lor nenrly p century, applied te the onJy well developed part of the Island. y

ü mícidle of the 17th Century the Spanish Ciown hrd become accustomed

o speak of the Island as Puerto Rico and the city of San Juan adoptad the criginal Colombian ñame.

original settlement in Puerto Rico, by a group of colonists under Juan Z fí ^ suburbs of San Juan, Caparra, in nn nn tZi u. ^ Capital was moved to the present location of San Juan,

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forms the ncrthem shore of the Bay of San Juoji, in 1519. dlscovered Florida sailed "V Cathedrol of San Juan, which is still standing '

of San

fínished in 1529, when the city

in Puartn'iíin th t r th ^i^ildings oltogether, There is one oldsr church is the oldest standing f edifica in the Weetern Henisphere. dates back to 1515 and ^^29 and 1554, lending

quent Indinn T-aida ihn ^

v,

^ fesult of the French wars and the fre-

fort^L at .San Juan T ?in 1533. This government thewhich, oonstruction a msjor fortrecs is the began building with of ad!

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ditions since that time, is called La Fortaleza and serves as the official residence of tlie Governor, Ancther San Juan building which dates back te the same period (and moy possibly antedate the Cathe-

dral; this is in some dount) is the Chapel of San José, which faces the pinza where stands the statue of Ponce de Le<5n.

Shortly after

the original building a^t La Fortaleza was finished, a nephew and one cf the direct heirs of Ponoe de Leen begein construction cf the residence now known as Casa Blanca (the White House) ivhich serves as the official residence of the Commcinding Officer of the Puerto Rico Department» Due to the fact that Spein was at war váth the British,

French and Dutch during mcst of the 16th Century, most homes were bullt with e view to defense, as were all public buildings except chunches,

Construction of the principal fortress of San Juan, El Iforro (the ñaméis the same as that of the fortress guarding the entrence to the hnrbor of Havana), bagan in 1540 and continued intemittently cver more than s century, The City Wall of San Juan, mcst of which is still preservad, v;as not begun until 1630 and the newest of the

heavy fortifications et San Juon, Sfui Cristóbal Fortress, was built in 1771,

In 1595 Slr Francés Drrfce and Sir John Hawkins tried to forcé the

entranca to the hrrbor of San Juan, A part of the fleet was grounded on the shallowB opposite SI Morro fortress and the ships v/ere pounded to pieces by the guns of the fort, Sir John Hawkins was killed

and the raid was beaten off, In 1598 Gecrge Clifford, Earl of Cumberland, with a fleet of 20 ships, forced a landing at the present location of Sscarabr6n Beach Club, attacked the mein works at San Juan from the land side, and forced the surrender of the garrison, Typhoid and malaria, however, so severely docimated his troops that he was forced to withdraw,

Dutch sc^uadron, under the command of Bowdein Hendrick, in the em^ ploy of the Dutch Indies Oompany, accomplished the nesr impossible in 16S5, and forced a landing at San Juan from the Bay» The Dutch,

cfter the Spaniards had refused to surrender, burned the city to the ground but were eventually driven off by the El Morro garrison v;itji the loas of 400 dead.

No sericus attempts were jiEde to storm the works at San Juan after the completion of San Cristóbal fortress in 1771, The addition of San Cristóbal to the defense system made the works impregnable until

the advent of the steel armored battleship,

The San Juan forts surrendered without a fight in 1898, during the Spanlsh American Wor, after a short v^nd ineffectual bombardment by

units of Admiral Sampson's squadron. General Nelson A^ Miles hrd, j?revlou^ly, put troope ashore in an unopposed landing on the un— protectéd South Coast and the Spanish garrisons in Puerto Rico did

not heve the support of evan 10^ of the populatlon, The IT. S, milltary campaign in Fuerte Rico in 1B98 was a prrade#

The entire popu—

lation, with the exeption of e handful of Spaniards, welcomed the D. S, troops, A raovement to declare the Island independent cf Spain had become well advanced some time before the Spanish American War,

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During both the first V/orld V7ar and the present war, man in Puerto Rico hnve been drefted inte the TJ. S. Army under the same conditions as heve continental Americens. Approximately 22% of the Islend's mala populr.tion between the ages of 18 and 45 Is now in the srmed forces of the United Stotes and eltizens of Puerto Rico make up

nearly 15^ of the seamsn in the U« S, Merchant Marine.

H¿'.NDCRAFTS

Puerto Rico produces many articles of handcraftsmanship that are xvell kí: \m in trade circles outside the Island. The Islsnd*s exports of fiaishod consumer goods are greater than those of all the other Caribbean Islfnds combined. In July 1945, there is a genuine shortage of many kinds of consumer goods in Puerto Rico, os else;vhere. This applies as well to proQUCts of the Island itself as to imported goods. The Island's factories have suffored soverely from manpcwer and materials shorteges and the products offered fcr sale at the present time in Puerto Rico ore both fewer and hi{^er priced than in normal yeors.

Some of Puerto Rico's speciolties may still be bought, however, in San Juan stores. The fcllcvjing list is a partial one; ladies and men's handkerchiefs, embroldered or initialled, lingsrie, hand embroidered and hand sewn, - ladies nightgowns, hand embroidered, - bridge, tea and table sets, hardwood novelties, (cigaret boxes, bookends, lamp stands, etc.), strewware and bssket - ware, straw beach and ssndr.ls, - cotton string ruga and i^g rugs, cigars, - liquors, - and many locally nade clothing Ítems. The follomng establishments epecialize in local hondx'jork products: Wilson's Little Mahogany Shop

37 Power St, (across from Post 0}

Nelson's Gift Shop

SI Tizol St. {across from Aquariu Cafe

El Jíbaro

7 filacArthur St.

González Padín Company

Baldorioty Plaza (basement)

Aguadillo en San Juan Notre Dame Industrial School

89 Salvador Brau St.

r, de Leán Ave., Stop 5 l/S

HEALTIIPÜL CLIMATS

Pew oreas cf the United States afford such a delightful climate as Puerto Rico. The location of the Island within the trade v;ind belt snd its moun—

toinous surfp.ce moda it one of the most favorable regicns in the Tropics.

The climate is warm, but excessive temperaturas do not occur. Thera is a slight annual ranga of temperatura and the Islnnd is sparsd the extremo hoot ccmmon to continental oreas of the same latitude. The avernge winter temperatura is 73.7 degrees F. and the summer average is 78.8 degreee F. The average daily máximum temperature, as tsken from the U. S. Weather Bureau records for 39 years, is 86.0 degrees F., and the average daily máximum temperature for the samo period is 66.9 degrees F. The mean, month*-

ly temperature vary from 73*8 degrees, in Januery and February, to 79.0 degrees, in August, while the mean annual temperature is 76*5 degrees F. The highest mean máximum tempersture, 83.3 dogrees, occure in Auguet, and the loweat mean minimum temperature, 63.0 degrees is recorded in February.

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There is no clearly defined rainy season in Puerto Rico,

Rainfall is

fairly v;©ll distributed througliout the twelve months of the yeer, wlth

the heaviest dcv/nfall taking place from Muy to December, Rainfaíl varíes grestly in different localities,

The heaviest rainfall is in the mount-

ainous srens of the northeastern ana southwestern perts of the Islend, where recording cf 100 to 200 inchos aro made,

The rainfall decreases

townrd the north and south coasts, from 55 to 75 inches per year occurring on ths north co&st, and from 29 te 58 inches per year on tÍB south coest. Puerto Rico is ene of the most hsalthful eres in the hemísphere.

TOURISM

Puerto Rico, "The Islnnd of Enchantment", affords excellent facilities for visitcrs and for those who are in ssarch of a proper place to spand somo days of delightful vscations,

In this Island, ene of the Víest Indies group, the visitón will find a perfect combination of all factors thnt contribute to make his visit or

his vacations pleasant and healthful, with its ideal climate and luxurious scenery.

The follov.'ing are the advantages that Puerto Rico offer to the

visitor or tourist:

1,

Healthful tropical climate: vjarm temperatura, no extremely hot ñor cool doys, suüshine all year round.

2,

Comfortable hctels with all modern convenienoes, at modérate rates»

3,

Easy transportation, bj^ air, water end on land: regular airlines and steamship lines; trains, automobiles and outobusas.

4,

Good hospitality: Puerto Ricans are always esger to give the visitors nll kinds of facilities, furnisli information and make

friendship with them, About 90^ of tho urban population speeks Spanish end English languoges,

5»

puerto Rico has rsny civic rnd economic organizations with esteblish©d officee in San Juan, the capital, v/here the visitor can obta.in any assistcnca he needs,

6,

The laws of Puerto Rico allow the drswing of a weekly lotteiy cperated by the Insular Government with a. first prize of $50,000.

The entire ticket ccnslsts of 90 fractions or pieces. The orice of an entire ticket is $XlQjO ond 20íí for each fraction or piece,

7,

Boxing and cockfighting aro also allowed and fighte are celebrated every week and sometimee twice a week.

8,

In the Island you will find nll kinds of sports: dancing, hunting, flshing, sea bathing, horse riding, tennis, base-ball, volley-ball, basket-ball, horse races, etc.

9,

Splendid night clubs, casinos, the?tres, and mf;ny other recreational places like the Escambrón Boach Club, the Condado Beach Hotel, the Nomandie, Jock's, Guadaquivir, Zomble and El Esquife

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in San Juan and Santurce; Coamo Springs, Coarao; Club Deportivo, ronce; Coconut Hut, Mr.yaguez and many others.

1--.

Beautiful and iiealtiiful summer resorte as: El Yunque in Luquillo; Coamo

Sprinngs, Coamo; Treasure Island, Cidra; Guajotaca, Quebradillos, etc.

Fine beaches for sea bathing, among whi.ch are the follovving: Bscambrc5n Benoti, Condado Baach, Guadalquivir Beach, in San Juan and Santurce; Luqui llo H:ippy Hill Beach, Luquillo; Venetia Dancing Club and Beach, Humacno; Vega Baja Boach, Vega Baja; Pena Cortada and Punta Arenas, Mayoguez; Guajataca, ^uebradillas; Boquerc5n end Joyuda, Cabo Rojo,etc, /jid alsc many natural and artificial lakes for hunting and fishing throughout the Island, There is no other spot in this part of the víorld to spend ycur vacations like rUERTO REGO.

rOINTS OF líTOREST

brief of historicol and interesting buildings to be found in San Juan and its .ixVirons follcws:

El Morro Fortress {Guides furnished by appointment with US Array)

San Cristóbal Fortress (Guides furnished by appointment with the US Army) Casa Blanca (Visitcrs by special permission of the Comncnding Officer only) La Fortaleza (public rooms open to the public during daylight hours) San José Chupel (Open to the public) Catheúral of San Juan (Open to the public) Casa de España (The Spanish Casino, visitors welcome) The Capitel Builaing (Open to the public) School of Tropical Medicina (Operntad jointly by Columbia University and the gnveinment of Puerto Rico) San Gerónimo Fcrt (Prívate property, inspecticn by appointment) Caparra (Ruins cf the first settlément in ?, R* (Open to the public) University of l^ierto Rico (At Rio Piedras) 'i

LEADING HOTELS AND RATSS 1947

Jhe increasing moveinent of passengers during the present and coming wintar

j.Düths, malees it difficult to find imraediate accommodations in the Islandés Ljtels, specially in San Juan, the capital.

Pie city of San Juan is provided with comfortable raodern hotels. All the ' '^Ung hotelB in this city, except the Palace, in the heart of the city, are xocated nsor the boach, overlooking a splendid tropical scenery.

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The following are the leading hotels and the rates quoted for 1947! ÑAME

ADDRSSS

1 parson

2 persone

Condado Beach Hotel

Condade

^ormandie

Stop 8

|9 - #11 - #14 17.00 & #8.00 #6.00 - #8.00 #9.00 #9 - #12 - #14

San Gerónimo

Stop a

#6.00

#7.00 #5.00 #3.50 - #6.00 #3.00 #2.00 — #3.50 #5.00 #2.00 - #3,00

Nüw Yorker

Condado

Sscambrón

Stop 8

Palace

San Juan

liluclides

San Juan

Capítol Do Diego

Stop 12 Stop 22

Central

San Juan

Note!

#12 #10 #7.00 #6.00 - #10.00 #5.00 #4.00 - # 5.00 #7.00 #3.00 # 5.00

It is advisable to make reservations with at least one.week in advance.

HOUSING

The mejority of continental Americans living in, and around San Juan, occupy

'letached residences and apartments in the suburh called Santurce, or in the joctions known as Mirainar and Condado, Bungalows or low fípanish-type houses

-lith tvío, thr&e or fcur bedrooms predominate» Their rents ranga between

:;90.00 snd ^^125,00 per month, unfurnished, and between |90.00 and $150.00 furnished, There are few furnished houses to be had, hovjever, except in

mar, when for two and three months many of their owners or tenants are in the

States. ■ More pretentioue residences, or those with specxally sttractive locations as, for example, those facing the ocean, rent for from spl25.00 to vlSO.OO unfurnished ana up to $200.00 furnished.

Most of the residences in and around San Juan are built of reinforced concrete,

the smaller houses having prepared roofings or galvenized iron; and the largar, tile roofs. Nearly all have garages and detached quarters for ene or two ser-

vants; and all have running water, with bathtubs and showers, Many houses heve

tile floors in kitchens, dining i-ooms, bath and porches and soma have th^-

throughout. This type of floor is greatly to be desired since it is cool in liot weather, easily cleaned, end insoct proof. There are numercus new and *<

up-to-date apartment houses at modérete prices. In the smaller towns, con— veniences are fewer but Ponce and Mayaguez reach almoat the same stsnderd as San Juan,

1k

practically all houses in San Juan and its vicinity are wired for electricity usually with electric or gas cooking, It Is ectimated thet Puerto Rico con sumes 161,000,000 kwhrs of electric power yearly, All comunities of more

than 1,000 inhahitants are served by power lines. There are approximately 1 500 miles of rural lines in servios and 100 miles under construction. Elec

tric power is available in all sections of the Island through an Interconnected system of approximately 70,000 HP installed capacity. The system of productIon consista of eleven hydro-electric plants and three steam plants*

Gcs le supplied at a máximum of $2.55 per thousand cubic feet.

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Telephone serviqe is furnished Qt ip4.50 a month for a direct wire, v/ith -no linlt to the numbei^ of calis» Party váres are somewhst cheaper, the rates varying vjith the number of users»

THE CQST OF LIVING

.erto Rico imports most of its essential commodities# Notwithstanding this, .3 volome of parchases brings sbout somewhat reduced prices» The cost of /iiig is not higher than in the eastern section of the United States.

Continental Americans, foreign-bom residents and a good many Puerto Rican f jiiilles in the principal cities, do their marketing in mofern grocery stores and butcher shops, providing themselves with practically every commodity to which they are accustomed. Nntlve vegetables rnd fruits supplement the daily diet.

Dairy products of good quality are olways r.vailable.

Clothing fop both sexes is retailed in Puerto Rico for nbout the same price es on the niíiinland, and in jrany ceses the cost ie slightly lower. The tro pical climate makes heavy winter clothing imnecessary, but et the sema time calis for an ampie supply of washable apparel.

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