CNG CNR January 2019

Classical Numismatic

REVIEW Volume XLIV, No. 1 • Winter 2019 • Lancaster Pennsylvania, London England

Classical Numismatic Group, LLC

nomos www.cngcoins.com in association with

Contents Editorial................................................................................................................................ 1 Terms of Sale....................................................................................................................... 2 How to Order....................................................................................................................... 2 Calendar............................................................................................................................... 3 Q Pomponius Musa and His Coinage by Mike Gasvoda................................................. 4 Coins for Sale....................................................................................................................... 5 The Handbook of Greek Coinage Series Information.................................................... 83

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Mike Gasvoda Victor England, Jr. (U.S.) Eric J. McFadden (U.K.) Dave Michaels Steve Pruzinsky Bradley R. Nelson (U.S.) Paul Hill (U.K.) David Guest (U.K.) D. Scott VanHorn Kenneth McDevitt Bill Dalzell Kerry K. Wetterstrom Jeffrey B. Rill Caroline Holmes Julia TrocmĂŠ-Latter Alan Walker Dimitrios Gerothanasis Karen Zander Alexandra Spyra Julia Motter Marlene Rice Tina Jordan (U.K.) Travis Markel Jessica Garloff Robert A. Trimble A.J. Gatlin

Classical Numismatic Review Volume XLIV, No. 1 Winter 2019

Welcome to the Winter Review This has been an incredibly hectic time for us here at CNG as we gear up for the busy New York International Numismatic Convention. If you are attending, this will give you the chance to meet several new employees at CNG: one long-term member finally joining us full-time; two longtime numismatic stalwarts who are fresh to the CNG team but known to many of you already; and one newcomer to our field whom most of you will hopefully get to know in the coming days and months.

We are very pleased to announce that Jeff Rill has agreed to join our cataloging staff full time after years of working with us on a part time basis. Jeff has also secured his New York auctioneer’s license and will be assisting with some sessions of our NYINC Triton sale this year.

Paul Hill and Caroline Holmes have joined us after having worked at Spink, Baldwin’s, and Sovereign Rarities. Many of you are familiar with this wonderful husband and wife team. They will be joining our London office and will be in New York to greet and work with as many of you as possible.

Finally, Steve Pruzinsky joins us as our new chief financial officer replacing the departing Cathy England, who is enjoying a much-deserved retirement. Steve will be working with all bidders in our auctions at various times to make sure everyone is correctly in the system. He will also be working to make sure we have resale and VAT certificates on file for everyone who wishes to claim a tax exemption. We have also changed all of our bank accounts and those wishing to work with us via wire transfer should take note of the new account and routing numbers.

This review offers just under 200 coins for your consideration. We believe there is something here for every budget and taste, that certainly was our goal when assembling this issue. We hope you find something to fit into your collection.

Mike Gasvoda

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Terms of Sale 1. General Information. The point of sale for all items online is Lancaster, Pennsylvania. All orders are sent from Pennsylvania.

2. Guaranty and Return Privilege. All items are guaranteed genuine. Any coin order may be returned within fourteen days of receipt for any reason. Coins that have been encapsulated (“slabbed”) by a grading and/or authentication service may not be returned for any reason, including authenticity, if they have been removed from the encapsulation (“slab”). The customer shall bear the cost of returning all items and shall insure them for their full value. Books are not sent on approval and are not subject to return.

3. Sales Tax. Pennsylvania law requires that certain items delivered in Pennsylvania be charged 6% sales tax on the total order, including all postage and handling fees.

4. Postage. All orders are charged for postage, insurance, and handling.

5. Payment. Orders may be paid by US$ check, credit card or wire transfer. US$ checks must be written on a US bank and may be sent to either office. We accept VISA and MasterCard; payment by credit card must be made within 14 days of the invoice date. Credit card payment may be arranged by phone, fax or mail. United States address and phone number: CNG, LLC, P.O. Box 479, Lancaster, PA, 17608., phone: 717-390-9194, fax: 717-390-9978. United Kingdom address and phone number: CNG, LLC, 20 Bloomsbury St, London WC1B 3QA, phone +44 (20) 7495-1888, fax: +44 (20) 7499-5916. Office hours are 10AM to 5 PM Monday through Friday. US$ bank account for wire transfers will be provided by phone, fax or mail.

6. Shipment. Please provide a specific shipping address and advise us of any special shipping instructions. Unless other specific shipping instructions are indicated, coins are sent by U.S. Insured or Registered mail. Every effort is made to ship within 24 hours of receipt of payment. Please allow a reasonable time for delivery.

A Note on How to Order As with our normal monthly uploads, these coins are available for purchase on our website, www.cngcoins.com. If you are viewing the virtual catalog, you may click on an image, which will bring you to the online lot description, where you can add the coin to your cart as usual.

Digital Publications Archive

Digital versions of this and previous issues of the CNR are available to view or download in our Digital Publications Archive.

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Show Schedule 47th New York International January 10-13, 2019 Grand Hyatt Hotel 109 East 42nd Street, New York January 10, Noon-7PM Preview January 11-13, 10AM-7PM (3PM on the 13th) Long Beach Expo, Long Beach, CA January 31 – Feb 2, 2019 Whitman Expo, Baltimore, MD February 28 – March 3, 2019 Central States Numismatic Society, Schaumburg, IL April 25-28, 2019 Whitman Expo, Baltimore, MD (No Booth) May 23-26, 2019

Printed Auction Schedule Triton XXII- 8-9 January 2019 CNG 111 - 15 May 2019 CNG 112 - 18 September 2019 Triton XXIII - 14-15 January 2020 Consignment Deadlines Printed Auction Consignment Deadlines CNG 111 - 15 February 2019 CNG 112 - 21 June 2019 Triton XXIII - 4 October 2019 Deadlines for Electronic Auction Consignments Ongoing - About 90 days before scheduled sale Contact us early, as sales do fill up in a hurry.

We may be contacted by email, fax, phone, or mail.

Classical Numismatic Group, LLC Email: cng@cngcoins.com

Mailing Addresses & Phone Numbers: Attention: Mike Gasvoda P.O. Box 479 Lancaster PA 17608 Phone: 717-390-9194 Fax: 717-390-9978 or Attention: Paul Hill (Ancients) or David Guest (British and World) 20 Bloomsbury St. London WC1B 3QA Phone: +44-20-7495-1888 Fax: +44-20-7499-5916.

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Q Pomponius Musa and His Coinage Nine beautiful maidens stand nervously in the stage wings waiting to perform, each swathed in a long gown and holding the instrument of her respective talent. Giving each young lady a musical introduction is a boisterous and musclebound Master of Ceremonies, wearing a lion skin headdress and strumming a lyre. Watching the proceedings, coolly aloof, sits the androgynous judge, crowned with a laurel wreath.

An ancient beauty pageant or talent show? This might be how Quintus Pomponius Musa envisioned the famous temple called the Aedes Herculis Musarum as he walked through it in the mid first century BC. The statues within the temple were set up to reflect the attributes of each Muse. Remnants of that temple survive. (Interestingly, the concept of a temple to the muses has been recreated at the Getty Villa in Malibu California. The images of the statues within this article are from the Getty Villa.)

While we can only speculate on what Musa envisioned when he decided to create his enigmatic coin series, we know his coinage concept was inspired by the “relocated” statues from Ambracia. The images on the coins must surely have been taken from these statues. The detail is too great to have been mere speculation. These remarkable coins are so attractive and mysterious that now, more than twenty centuries later, his silver denarii are still among the most avidly sought and collected coins of the Roman Republic.

Although the moneyer Q. Pomponius Musa is otherwise unknown to history, his coins have made his name as immortal as the deities they depict. He was born into the Pomponia gens, a prominent plebeian family in Rome who claimed descent from Numa Pompilius, the second king of Rome. His choice of Hercules Musarum and the nine Muses as coin types is clearly a punning allusion to his cognomen of Musa. This article will try to explain the various aspects of this coinage, which are known, unknown, and often in dispute.

The series of ten silver denarii, depicting Hercules playing the lyre and his young charges, the Muses, is almost certainly based on a celebrated statue group by an unknown Greek artist that was looted by the Roman general M. Fulvius Nobilior from the city of Ambracia during his war against the Aetolean League in 189 BC. A lover of Greek culture and art, Fulvius is said to have taken the statues to Rome because he learned in Greece that his patron god Hercules was a musagetes (leader of the Muses).

Fulvius had them placed in a specially constructed shrine, the Aedes Herculis Musarum (Plin. NH xxxv.66; Ov. Fast. vi.812), dedicated in 187 BC. So, it was already quite old when Q. Pomponius Musa was elected as a moneyer, one of three men chosen to supervise Rome’s minting of coins, in the 60s or 50s BC. Remains of this temple have been found in the area of the Circus Flaminius close to the southwest part of the circus itself, and northwest of the porticus Octaviae. An inscription found nearby, ‘M. Fulvius M. f. Ser. n.

Nobilior cos. Ambracia cepit’ (“M. Fulvius Nobilior, son of Servius, Consul, brought this from Ambracia”) may have been on the pedestal of one of the statues.

While it might seem unusual that Hercules would be shown as musically inclined, it is perhaps more curious that he would be associated with the Muses at all. Michael Harlan, in his book on Roman Republican moneyers, speculates the statue of Hercules playing the lyre just happened to be among those of the Muses taken from Ambracia. He speculates it was this chance transportation grouping that caused the statues to reside together in what would become the Herculis Musarum. According to Livy, the number of statues removed to Rome during the Roman sacking of Greece totaled over 1,000.

That there are nine muses in the Herculis Musarum is somewhat a result of timing. Their respective talents were also an evolving subject in Greek mythology. Diodorus writes: “The majority of myth writers, especially the most esteemed, say that they were daughters of Jupiter and Mnemosyne. But a few of the poets, among whom is Alcman, declare them to be daughters of Uranus and Ge (Heaven and Earth). Likewise, they disagree even about their number, for some say there were three, others say nine. The number nine has won out, having been established by the most famous men, I mean Homer and Hesiod and other such poets. To each of them, men attribute a special disposition for pursuits related to the arts, for example, poetry, 4

singing, pantomimic dancing, choral dancing, astronomy, and the other pursuits. Most myth writers say they are virgins since the excellence achieved by education seems to be uncorrupted.

They are called Muses from the word muein, that is, from the teaching of noble and fitting subjects, which are unknown to the uneducated. They say that men named them giving a literal meaning to the name of each Muse. Clieo is so named because when men are extolled in poetry the praise bestows great fame (kleos), Euterpe is named for delighting (terpein) her listeners with the benefits of education, Erato because she makes those who are educated desirable and loveable (eperastos), Polymnia because with her great praise (polle humnesis) she makes famous those who have won immortal repute through their writings, Urania because she raises to the heavens (ouranos) those who have been instructed by her, for with lofty thoughts and ideas souls are elevated to heavenly heights; Calliope is named from her beautiful voice (kale ops), that is, with the beauty of her language she wins the approbation of her listeners.”

So Diodorus tells us who the Muses are and how, over time, they developed the characteristics unique to each of them as seen in Greek mythology. Livy further provides a possible link between the configuration for the Herculis Musarum Aedes and why the nine Muses would have a tenth companion/ overseer in the form of a musical Hercules.

Hercules appears on the first coin of the series, Crawford 410/1. The obverse features Apollo in his role as patron god of all artistic pursuits. He is laureate and his long hair hangs down his neck in a series of corkscrew curls. The moneyer’s name, Q. POMPONI MVSA, appears on the obverse, the only time this occurs in the series; an accent mark appears above the V in MVSA, indicating it is to be pronounced with the long U sound.

Hercules, nude save for the lion skin draped over his back, stands on the reverse, holding a lyre and plucking the strings; he is identified by the legend HERCVLES MVSARVM. Next comes the question of whom is depicted on each coin of the other Muse coin types and how we know this. The rest of the coins also depict Apollo on the obverse, but quite differently than on the Hercules issue: Apollo’s hair is more carefully coifed in an “up do,” tucked under at the back, with his laurel wreath resting on a rolled wave of hair across his brow line, a decidedly feminine look (indeed Michael Harlan speculates that the obverse head is actually one of the Muses, not Apollo, although many Greek coins show Apollo in similar guise). There is no obverse legend; instead, behind the head appears a symbol relating to the Muse depicted on the reverse.

The various Muses are all shown as young women wearing the long Greek chiton, a simple dress pinned at the shoulders and belted beneath the bust, and draped in a himation, a piece of fabric that can be wrapped around the body like a cloak or worn over the head like a veil. Each holds an implement specific to her calling – either a musical instrument, a scroll of scholarship, or some other symbol of her talent. The obverse symbols and reverse implement usually make it relatively easy to figure out which Muse is which. For example, Thalia, Muse of comedy, holds a comic mask in one hand matched with an obverse image of a sandal (Thalia was supposedly quite fleet of foot), while Euterpe, Muse of lyric poetry, holds a pair of flutes, which are shown crossed on the obverse.

The name Q. POMPONIVS MVSA now appears on the reverse on either side of the Muse.

The most vexing issue of the series has always been why Erato, Muse of erotic (or love) poetry, was so vastly rarer than any other coin in the series. However, a recent reassessment in an article written by Phil Davis for Rick Witschonke’s Festschrift (pages 393-401) shifts the paradigm. The article, titled “Erato or Terpsichore: A Reassessment” debunks the long-held theory of what constituted a coin of Erato. Davis explains that a coin previously held to depict Terpsichore, with a flower behind the head of Apollo, actually depicts Erato, erasing the difference in rarity. The confusion arose over a minor difference in the way the Muse is shown – whether her arm was raised plucking the strings of her instrument (thought to depict Erato), or held down at her side (previously thought to depict Terpsichore). Davis shows these two depictions are minor variants showing the same Muse.

This wonderful article also does a great job of defining the coin attributes that are seen for each Muse in this series.

While we know there are nine distinct reverse types, the fact is a couple are very similar in nature, particularly Erato and Terpsichore, but even to some extent Clio and Thalia. What Phil does a great job in defining is the symbol behind the head of Apollo on the obverse of the coins that is associated with each Muse. According to Phil, with sufficient supporting documentation to be quite convincing, here are the obverse adjunct symbols and the Muse they are associated with:1 5

Symbol

Muse

Crawford #(s)

Image Source

None

Hercules Musarum

410/1

CNG Inventory 503355

Lyre key

Volumen tied with cord

Scepter

Calliope Muse of Epic Poetry

Clio Muse of History

Melpomene Muse of Tragedy

(in this list)

Triton XXII Lot 880

410/2

410/3

CNG Inventory 503362

410/4

CNG Inventory 503358

410/5

CNG Inventory 503359

(in this list)

(in this list)

Euterpe Crossed tibiae

Muse of Lyrical Poetry (Music)

(in this list)

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Obv/Rev

Symbol

Symbol

Muse

Crawford #(s)

Image Source

Flower (or plectrum handle)1

Erato

410/6 410/7b 410/7d

CNG Inventory 503361

Turtle

Star

Sandal

Wreath

Muse of Erotic Poetry

Terpsichore Muse of Dancing

Urania Muse of Astronomy

Thalia Muse of Comedy

Polyhymnia Muse of Hymns

(in this list)

CNG Inventory 503360

410/7a 410/7c

(in this list)

410/8

CNG Inventory 503357

410/9

CNG Inventory 503356

410/10

CNG Inventory 503363

(in this list)

(in this list)

(in this list)

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Obv/Rev

Symbol

While the Pomponius Musa coinage as a whole is not rare, it should be pointed out that none of these individual coin types are particularly plentiful. It is estimated that ten dies were used for each obverse and reverse design. This in contrast to some republican coin types that are known from several hundred die pairs. But the good news is this. Erato is no longer, and never should have been, a collection series stopper.

The coin is seen as often as the other types, making the complete set a manageable goal for most collectors.

The final note on the Muses is the discrepancy for the date of issue.

Crawford, in Roman Republican Coinage (RRC), dates the series to 66 BC. He did this based on stylistic similarities to other issues, which he also dated to this time period. Since RRC was published, several Roman Republican coin hoards have surfaced with enough coins to make beginning and terminal dating possible for the difficult coins of this period. These hoards are devoid of any coins of Q Pomponius Musa. This provides evidence that the series was manufactured later than Crawford surmised. CNG has taken a common position of dating this series to 56 BC, however, all scholars are not in agreement with this date either (Michael Harlan holds out for a date around 65 BC). Until further evidence emerges, there is likely to remain some friendly disagreement on the dating of these coins.

But whatever your opinion regarding how they came to be, when they were produced, and who might be shown on them, the coins of Q Pomponius Musa are intriguing, beautiful, and a fair challenge to collect. The set presented here was formed over a period of ten years. The coins are out there. But they are just the right level of challenge to make this an enjoyable collecting experience.

Happy collecting!

Mike Gasvoda

Image 1 – Polyhymnia at the Getty Villa Image 2 – Euterpe at the Getty Villa Image 3 – Terpsichore at the Getty Villa Digital images courtesy of the Getty Open Content Program

1 Interestingly, even with the level of detail in Phil Davis’s article, there is still some disagreement about the obverse symbol associated with Erato. This symbol is seen by some to be a “plectrum handle” rather than a flower. One more piece of evidence that we all agree to disagree when it comes to discussions regarding the Roman Republican Coinage of Q Pomponius Musa!

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GREEK Ex Gillet, Vlasto, and Mathey Collections

503457. CALABRIA, Tarentum. Circa 400-390 BC. AR Nomos (22mm, 7.77 g, 8h). Nude youth, holding goad in right hand and reins in left, on horse galloping right / Phalanthos, nude, holding akrostolion in extended right hand, left hand supporting him on the back of the dolphin he is riding upon left; tÅrÅs below. Fischer-Bossert Group 26, 364h (V165/R285) = Gillet 76 = Vlasto 340 (this coin, illustrated in Vlasto from a damaged cast); HN Italy 850; SNG ANS 885 (same dies); Jameson 112 (same dies). Good VF, toned, old scratches under tone on reverse. Fine style. $7750 Ex Charles Gillet Collection; Michel Pandely Vlasto Collection; Paul Mathey Collection (not in 1913 Feuardent Frères or 1937 J. Schulman sales).

503203. CALABRIA, Tarentum. Circa 280 BC. AR Nomos (22mm, 7.94 g, 2h). Warrior, nude but for helmet, holding shield and two spears in left hand, preparing to cast a third held aloft in his right, on horseback right; Å@Q[rW∏] below / Phalanthos, nude, holding kantharos in extended right hand, riding dolphin left; tÅr-Ås above, EU to left, anchor to right, År below. Vlasto 691 (same rev. die); HN Italy 966. Near EF, lightly toned, slight die wear on obverse. $1250

503475. CALABRIA, Tarentum. Circa 280-272 BC. AR Nomos (21.5mm, 6.55 g, 11h). Warrior, nude but for helmet, holding shield and two spears in left hand, preparing to cast a third held aloft in his right, on horseback right; EU to left, f5@ tU¬os below / Phalanthos, nude, riding dolphin left, cradling trident in left arm and holding in extended right hand Nike, who crowns him with wreath held in both her hands; πo¬U to left, [t]ÅrÅs to right; below, prow left. Vlasto 720–2; HN Italy 1002. EF, attractive deep cabinet tone, with iridescence around the devices, slightly off center on reverse. $2250 Ex Nomos 13 (7 October 2016), lot 112.

503352. LUCANIA, Herakleia. Circa 281-278 BC. AR Drachm (17mm, 3.79 g, 8h). Head of Athena facing slightly right, wearing triple-crested Attic helmet decorated o the bowl with Skylla throwing a stone, and necklace; L below left helmet crest, E below right / Owl standing right, head facing, on olive branch; ^˙rÅk¬E5W@ above, club to left, f5¬o to right. Van Keuren 119 (same dies as illustration); HN Italy 1416; SNG ANS 81; SNG Lloyd –; Dewing 344. Near EF. Fine style. $2500 From the Gasvoda Collection.

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496966. LUCANIA, Metapontion. Circa 540-510 BC. AR Nomos (28mm, 6.84 g, 12h). Ear of barley with eight grains; 7EtA up right field / Incuse ear of barley with eight grains. Noe Class VI, 117; HN Italy 1479. EF, attractive even gray tone with golden hues around the devices. Well centered on a broad, round flan. $2250 From the Gasvoda Collection. Ex Stack’s Bowers Galleries (9 January 2015), lot 10; Coin Galleries (18 August 2009), lot 4012; Lanz 54 (21 November 1990), lot 43; Numismatic Fine Arts XVIII (31 March 1987), lot 12.

498199. LUCANIA, Metapontion. Circa 540-510 BC. AR Third Nomos – Drachm (18mm, 2.64 g, 12h). Ear of barley with seven grains; grasshopper upward in left field, 73tå up right field / Incuse ear of barley with six grains. Noe Class V, 106 corr. (grains on obv.; same dies); HN Italy 1473; Bement 158 (same dies); Boston MFA 101 = Warren 68 (same dies). EF, toned.

Well struck. Rare. $7500

498204. LUCANIA, Metapontion. Circa 340-330 BC. AR Nomos (22.5mm, 7.75 g, 12h). Head of Leukippos right, wearing Corinthian helmet; to left, dog seated left, raising forepaw; ¬EU˚5π-πos above, s below neck truncation / Barley ear with leaf to right; ÂEtÅ to left; to right, bird seated right with open wings above leaf, ÅÂ[5] below. Johnston Class B, 3.17 (same rev. die); HN Italy 1576; SNG Fitzwilliam 497 (same rev. die). Good VF, old cabinet tone. $3500 Ex Numismatica Ars Classica 78 (26 May 2014), lot 1350.

503477. LUCANIA, Metapontion. Circa 290-280 BC. AR Nomos (20.5mm, 7.58 g, 9h). Head of Demeter right, wearing wreath of grain ears, single-pendant earring, and necklace / Barley grain with leaf to left; above leaf, satyr standing right, playing pipes; ÂEtÅ to right. Johnston Class D, 2.8 (same dies as illustration); HN Italy 1614. EF, attractively toned, slight die shift on obverse, areas of weak strike on reverse. $1950 Ex Nomos 15 (22 October 2017), lot 9; Nomos FPL (Winter-Spring 2016), no. 6; Hess-Divo 328 (22 May 2015), lot 5, reportedly from a Swiss collector who purchased the piece from Maison Platt in 1980.

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496969. LUCANIA, Poseidonia. Circa 530-500 BC. AR Nomos (29mm, 6.43 g, 12h). Poseidon, beardless and nude but for chlamys draped over his arms, standing right, preparing to cast trident held aloft in right hand, left arm extended; 7oπ to left / Incuse of obverse type, but trident is in relief and Poseidon is bearded; πo7 to right. Gorini 3 var. (orientation of ethnic on rev.); HN Italy 1107; SNG ANS 604–5 var. (same; same obv. die); SNG Lloyd 427 var. (same); Regling, Antike 239 var. (same); Kraay & Hirmer 219 (same obv. die). Near EF, toned, overstruck on uncertain incuse-type issue. Bold archaic style, and with a particularly detailed incuse design. Interesting juxtaposition of a beardless and bearded Poseidon. Very rare variety. $28,500 From the Gasvoda Collection. Ex Dr. Patrick H. C. Tan Collection (Gemini VII, 9 January 2011), lot 39.

From the consignor: There are two distinct representations of Poseidon found on the incuse coinage: the youthful clean shaven face and the archaic bearded face. I have always felt that these two representations were created at different times, although which came first remains uncertain. This would thus be a very important transitional piece, which mates the youthful Poseidon on the obverse with a bearded “archaic” Poseidon on the reverse. The reverse incuse Poseidon is struck with unusually good detail for this series.

496970. LUCANIA, Poseidonia. Circa 530-500 BC. AR Drachm (22mm, 3.67 g, 12h). Poseidon, nude but for chlamys draped over shoulders, standing right, preparing to cast trident held aloft in right hand, left arm extended; √ßß to left, ßeµoP to right / Incuse of obverse, except trident and legend in relief. Selinus Hoard 3 (this coin); Gorini 8; HN Italy 1108; SNG ANS 629 var. (legend); SNG Lloyd –; Jameson 333 var. (same); Pozzi 205 var. (same). Good VF, toned, delamination and some roughness on obverse, die flaw on reverse. Excellent metal for issue. Very rare with this legend, only this example in CoinArchives. $6750 From the Gasvoda Collection. Ex Triton XVII (7 January 2014), lot 21; Numismatica Genevensis VII (27 November 2012), lot 128; Selinunte, Sicily, 1985 Hoard (CH VIII, 35).

503458. LUCANIA, Poseidonia. Circa 445-420 BC. AR Nomos (18mm, 7.98 g, 11h). Poseidon, nude but for chlamys draped over both arms, holding trident aloft in right hand, advancing right; πoÂEß downward to right / Bull standing left; ÅdßEÂoP above; all within circular incuse. HN Italy 1116; SNG ANS 662–3; SNG Copenhagen 1284 (same dies). EF, beautiful cabinet tone, a few minor marks. Of fine classical style. $7750 Ex Dr. Roland Maly Collection (LHS 100, 23 April 2007), lot 124; Kricheldorf IV (7 October 1957), lot 55; Nervegna Collection (Sambon & Canessa, 18 November 1907), lot 381.

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498209

503474

498209. LUCANIA, Sybaris. Circa 550-510 BC. AR Nomos (27mm, 8.19 g, 12h). Bull standing left, head right; ¨µ in exergue / Incuse bull standing right, head left. S&S Class B, pl. XLVIII, 4–8; Gorini 2; HN Italy 1729; SNG ANS 828–44; SNG Lloyd 449–50; Basel 168–9; Bement 213; Dewing 406–7; Gillet 215. Superb EF, lightly toned, minor double strike. An exceptional example. $6500 503474. BRUTTIUM, Kaulonia. Circa 525-500 BC. AR Nomos (30.5mm, 7.91 g, 12h). Apollo advancing right, holding branch aloft in right hand, left arm extended, upon which a small daimon, holding branch in each hand, runs right; ˚å¨Ò to left; to right, stag standing right, head reverted; dot-and-cable border / Incuse of obverse, but daimon in outline and no ethnic; radiate border. Noe, Caulonia, Group A, 10c = SNG ANS 146 (same dies); Gorini 3; HN Italy 2035; Boston MFA 172 = Warren 138 (same dies); Jameson 408 (same dies). Near EF, old collection tone, minor double strike and small die break on reverse. $7950 Ex Dr. Walter Stoecklin (†1975) Collection (Nomos 14, 17 May 2017), lot 43, purchased from Bank Leu, Zürich.

498214

503353

498214. BRUTTIUM, Kroton. Circa 530-500 BC. AR Nomos (28mm, 8.65 g, 12h). Spread incuse type. Tripod, legs surmounted by wreaths and terminating in lion’s feet, two serpents rising from the bowl, set on basis of three lines, the center dotted; J®o to left / Incuse tripod as obverse, but wreathes and serpents in relief. Gorini 3; Attianese 5; HN Italy 2075; SNG ANS 237. Superb EF, lightly toned, underlying luster. Well struck from fresh dies. $7500 503353. BRUTTIUM, Kroton. Circa 530-500 BC. AR Nomos (29mm, 7.97 g, 12h). Spread incuse type. Tripod, legs surmounted by wreaths and terminating in lion’s feet, two serpents rising from the bowl, set on basis of three lines, the center dotted; J®o to left / Incuse tripod as obverse, but wreathes and serpents in relief. Gorini 3; Attianese 5; HN Italy 2075; SNG ANS 237. EF, lightly toned, underlying luster, a few minor cleaning marks. Well centered with full beaded boarder visible on obverse. $4200 From the Gasvoda Collection.

503350. BRUTTIUM, Kroton. Circa 430-420 BC. AR Triobol (12.5mm, 1.24 g, 9h). Tripod, legs surmounted by wreaths and terminating in lion’s feet, set on basis of two lines, the top dotted; o-rJ counterclockwise around from lower right / Pegasos flying left; J below. Attianese 74 var. (ethnic); HN Italy 2127; SNG ANS 323–7 var. (same). EF, toned, slightly off center and minor deposits on reverse. Excellent metal for issue. $850 From the Gasvoda Collection. Ex Lee Rousseau Collection.

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Ex Hermitage Museum Collection

496972. BRUTTIUM, Kroton. Circa 425-350 BC. AR Nomos (21mm, 7.53 g, 7h). Eagle with closed wings standing left, head right, on the head of a stag right / Tripod with high neck surmounted by wreaths, legs terminating in lion’s feet; ivy leaf to left, Jro to right. Attianese 104; HN Italy 2146; SNG ANS 352 (same dies); SNG Lloyd 607 (same obv. die); Boston MFA 183 (same obv. die); Gillet 231 (same obv. die); Gulbenkian 127 = Sartiges 64 (same dies); Hermitage Sale II 188 (this coin); Kraay & Hirmer 269 = Bement 282 (same dies). Good VF, deep cabinet tone, usual minor die breaks on obverse. $4750 From the Gasvoda Collection. Ex Edward J. Waddell Inventory 49586 (August 2013); G. Hirsch 166 (16 May 1990), lot 48; Münzen und Medaillen AG FPL 487 (April 1986), no. 2; Münzen und Medaillen AG XXVIII (19 June 1964), lot 29; Hermitage Museum Collection (Schlessinger 13, 4 February 1935), lot 188.

Ex Gillet, Woodward, Rothschild, Carfrae, Bompois, and Wigan Collections

503461. SICILY, Entella. Punic issues. Circa 396-392/1 BC. AR Tetradrachm (26mm, 17.23 g, 12h). Horse prancing right; above, Nike flying right, crowning horse with wreath held in both hands / Palm tree with two date clusters. Jenkins, Punic 45 (O12/R40 – this coin referenced); CNP 640; HGC 2, 266; SNG Lloyd 1610 = Bement 575 (same dies); SNG Lockett 1032 = Weber 1771 = Locker-Lampson 114 (same dies). Near EF, beautiful old collection tone. Exceptional pedigree. $47,500 Ex Tradart (10 July 2006), lot 43; Charles Gillet Collection (Münzen und Medaillen 43, 12 November 1970), lot 13; William Harrison Woodward Collection (Rollin & Feuardent, 22 May 1908), lot 362; ‘Late Collector’ [Rothschild Collection] (Sotheby, Wilkinson and Hodge, 28 May 1900), lot 495; Robert Carfrae Collection (Part I, Sotheby, Wilkinson & Hodge, 23 May 1894), lot 351; Ferdinand Bompois Collection (Hoffman, 16 January 1882), lot 2099; E. Wigan (1823-1871) Collection (acquired by Rollin & Feuardent in 1872).

495050. SICILY, Gela. Circa 490/85-480/75 BC. AR Didrachm (20mm, 8.51 g, 3h). Warrior, nude but for helmet, riding right, preparing to cast javelin held aloft in his right hand / Forepart of man-headed bull right; 1E-¬A (partially retrograde) around; all within shallow circular incuse. Jenkins, Gela, Group Ib, 28 (O9/R11); HGC 2, 363; Boston MFA 241 = Warren 227 (same dies); Hunterian 10 (same dies); Kraay & Hirmer 156 (same dies). Superb EF, light iridescent tone. Of the finest style, sharply struck from fresh dies. $27,500 Includes a PNG certificate dated 27 March 2000.

498228. SICILY, Himera. Circa 530-520/15 BC. AR Drachm (19mm, 5.46 g). Cock standing left; ¨6 to left / Incuse square with mill-sail pattern enclosed within segmented linear border. Kraay Group IVc, 105 (D74/R62); HGC 2, 421; SNG Lockett 779 = Pozzi 448 (same obv. die). EF, attractively toned, hairline flan crack, slight die wear. Well centered, high relief. $5750 13

503476. SICILY, Katane. Circa 415/3-404 BC. AR Litra (12mm, 0.84 g, 6h). Head of Silenos left, wearing ivy wreath / Winged thunderbolt; two shields flanking, ˚ÅtÅ@-Å5[o@] around. Boehringer, Kataneische Li 6 var. (ethnic); Mirone 87; HGC 2, 590; Rizzo pl. XIV, 18. EF, toned, slightly weak strike. $2750 Ex Nomos 15 (22 October 2017), lot 6; Spina Collection (Nomos 7, 15 May 2013), lot 9; Triton VII (13 January 2004), lot 55.

The superlative quality of the die engraving for this coin has impelled some cataloguers to attribute it to a known engraver like Euainetos (or Kimon, why not?). In any case, it is yet another example of how the minters of the Sicilian cities lavished great care on even the smallest silver pieces. This coin amply proves that it was surely a matter of prestige and pride for local citizens to have even minor denominations made with outstanding artistry.

503349. SICILY, Selinos. Circa 455-409 BC. AR Tetradrachm (27mm, 17.44 g, 8h). Artemis, holding reins in both hands, driving slow quadriga left; beside her, Apollo standing left, drawing bow; ˜o-5t-˜-o˜5¬Es around / River god Selinos, nude, standing left, holding in right hand a phiale over altar to left, cradling in left arm a branch; before altar, cock standing left; to right, selinon leaf above bull standing left on basis; s-E¬-5-˜o-s around above. Schwabacher 4 (Q1/S4); HGC 2, 1220; SNG Lloyd 1222 (same dies); BMC 25 (same dies); Berlin 576 (same dies); Kraay & Hirmer 186 (same obv. die); Rhousopoulos 372 (same dies). Choice EF, beautifully toned, minor deposits on reverse. Perfectly centered on a broad flan.

Among the finest known. $62,500 From the Gasvoda Collection, purchased from Edward J. Waddell (inv. 54010). Ex Leu 36 (7 May 1985), lot 57.

503459. SICILY, Syracuse. Gelon I. 485-478 BC. AR Tetradrachm (26.5mm, 17.33 g, 6h). Struck circa 480-478 BC. Charioteer, holding kentron in right hand, reins in left, driving slow quadriga left; above, Nike, with wings spread, flying left, crowning horses / Head of Arethousa right, wearing pearl tainia and necklace; s¨∞-A-˚o-s-5-o˜ and four dolphins around.

Boehringer Series VIa, 76 (V36/R51); HGC 2, 1306 var. (obv. type right); SNG ANS 19; Bement 456; Jameson 747; Pozzi 561 (all from the same dies). Near EF, attractive cabinet tone. Fine late archaic style. Rare with obverse type left. $36,000 Ex Armand Trampitch Collection (Vinchon, 13 November 1986), lot, 82; J. Hirsch XX (13 November 1907), lot 136 (bought by Rollin & Feuardent for 150 RM against Spink).

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503478. SICILY, Syracuse. Hieron I. 478-466 BC. AR Tetradrachm (24mm, 17.24 g, 9h). Struck circa 478-475 BC. Charioteer, holding kentron in right hand, reins in left, driving slow quadriga right; above, Nike flying right, crowning horses with wreath held in both hands / Head of Arethousa right, wearing pearl tainia and necklace; s¨‰å˚os5o-˜ and four dolphins around.

Boehringer Series IXa, 180 (V180/R124); HGC 2, 1306; Weber 1560 (same dies). Good VF, toned. $3250 Ex Dr. Walter Stoecklin (†1975) Collection (Nomos 14, 17 May 2017), lot 64.

Ex Weber Collection

503460. SICILY, Syracuse. Hieron I. 478-466 BC. AR Tetradrachm (25.5mm, 17.31 g, 1h). Struck circa 478-475 BC. Charioteer, holding kentron in right hand, reins in left, driving slow quadriga right; above, Nike flying right, crowning horses with wreath held in both hands / Head of Arethousa right, wearing pearl tainia and necklace; s¨#å˚-os5-o˜ and four dolphins around. Boehringer Series X, 232.1 (V103/R158) = Weber 1568 (this coin); HGC 2, 1306; Randazzo 390 (same dies).

EF, deep cabinet tone, struck with worn obverse die. Well centered. $12,500 Ex Naville IV (17 June 1922), lot 313; Sir Hermann Weber Collection, purchased from W. T. Ready, 1839, who acquired it from a “Thomas sale” (possibly that sold by Ward, Coventry, 21 February 1884).

503465. CARTHAGE. Circa 350-320 BC. AV Quarter Stater (10mm, 2.41 g, 10h). Carthage mint. Head of Tanit left, wearing grain wreath and single-pendant earring / Palm tree with two date clusters. Jenkins & Lewis Group III, 117–9 (same obv. die); CNP 638; MAA 6; SNG Copenhagen 130. Good VF, toned, a couple minor marks. Very rare. $6500 Ex Nomos 13 (7 October 2016), lot 146.

503479. MOESIA, Istros. Circa 340/30-313 BC. AR Drachm (17mm, 5.69 g). Facing male heads, the right inverted / Seaeagle left, grasping dolphin with talons; 5str5˙ above, ˝ between. Dima Group IV, Subgroup I, 4; AMNG I 427; HGC 3, 1800; SNG BM Black Sea 230–1. EF, toned. $375 Ex First Auctions 1 (1 December 2012), lot 781.

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110 Year Old Pedigree

503446. THRACE, Abdera. Circa 336-311 BC. AR Tetradrachm (18.5mm, 10.23 g, 1h). Persic standard. Dionysados, magistrate. Griffin recumbent right; Å∫d˙>r5tEW@ above and below / Head of Apollo right, wearing laurel wreath; E∏5 d5o@-UsÅdos at sides. C-N Period IX, 169c (D2/R9 – this coin); HGC 3, 1211i; McClean 4032 (same dies). Good VF, toned, some die wear and granularity. $9750 Ex Bourgey (15 December 1908), lot 88.

503480. MACEDON, Akanthos. Circa 525-470 BC. AR Tetrobol (15.5mm, 2.37 g). Forepart of lion right, head turned as if biting prey; floral ornament above / Quadripartite incuse square. AMNG III/2, 13; HGC 3, 386; SNG ANS 19. EF, toned. $2500 Ex Leu 54 (28 April 1992), lot 74; Hess-Leu 45 (12 May 1970), lot 114.

496977. MACEDON, Amphipolis. 369/8 BC. AR Drachm (15mm, 3.76 g, 5h). Heavy (Chian) standard. Head of Apollo facing slightly right, wearing laurel wreath, drapery around neck / ÅÂf-5πo-¬5t-EW@ on raised linear square enclosing race torch; all within broad shallow incuse square. Lorber 62c (O8/R6) = SNG Berry 13 (this coin); HGC 3, 417; SNG ANS 79 (same dies); Gulbenkian 406 (same dies). Good VF, toned, traces of find patina, tiny flan flaws on obverse. Rare, only 14 examples noted by Lorber for these heavy drachms. $7500 From the Gasvoda Collection. Ex Gorny & Mosch 240 (10 October 2016), lot 85; Star Collection (LHS 102, 19 April 2008), lot 123; Hess-Leu 28 (5 May 1965), lot 139; Burton Y. Berry Collection, 13. Probably ex Aidhonokhorion Hoard, circa 1936 (IGCH 364).

From the consignor: Most of us will never own this style tetradrachm from Amphipolis. Fortunately, the same design is found on the drachm, as here. The facing head is delicately engraved and the torch rendering on the reverse has an exceptional 3D effect. Although even the drachm is rather scarce, it is within the reach of many budgets.

503213. KINGS of MACEDON. Philip III Arrhidaios. 323-317 BC. AV Stater (18.5mm, 8.54 g, 11h). In the types of Philip II. Kolophon mint. Struck under Menander or Kleitos, circa 322-319 BC. Head of Apollo right wearing laurel wreath / f5¬5ππoU, charioteer, holding kentron in right hand, reins in left, driving fast biga right; grain ear and spearhead in exergue.

Thompson, Philip 7 (same obv. die as illustration); Le Rider –; SNG ANS –. EF, underlying luster. Well centered and struck.

Extremely rare issue with grain ear. $6950 16

503466. KINGS of MACEDON. Philip III Arrhidaios. 323-317 BC. AV Stater (18mm, 8.58 g, 6h). In the name of Alexander III. Babylon mint. Struck under Archon, Dokimos, or Seleukos I, circa 323-318/7 BC. Head of Athena right, wearing crested Attic helmet decorated with serpent, and necklace; µ to left / ŬExÅ@dr[oU] ∫-Ås5¬EWs, Nike standing left, holding wreath in extended right hand and cradling stylis in left arm; ¬U below left wing. Price 3691; SNG München –; SNG Alpha Bank –; SNG Saroglos –; SNG Ashmolean –; Triton XV, 1126; Triton XIV, lot 84. Near EF, lightly toned, minor flaw in field on obverse, slight die shift and a few deposits on reverse. $3750 Ex Chrysos Collection (Obolos 6, 20 November 2016), lot 319 .

503481. THESSALY, Lamia. Circa 400-375 BC. AR Hemidrachm (14.5mm, 2.86 g, 12h). Group 1. Head of young Dionysos right, wearing ivy wreath / Amphora with tall handles; ¬ÅÂ-EW-@ around; to right, prochous with handle to right. Georgiou, Mint 4; BCD Thessaly II 121 (this coin); HGC 4, 119 (this coin illustrated). VF, attractive old collection tone, a few marks under tone. $1250 Ex BCD Collection (Triton XV, 3 January 2012), lot 121; CNG Inventory 93313 (July 1996); Superior (2 June 1996), lot 1586.

From the BCD sale: The early, compact style, Lamia hemidrachms (as well as the corresponding obols) are distinguished from the later, much commoner ones, by the direction of the head of Dionysos on the obverse. They apparently continued to circulate along with the later coins and were not withdrawn, hence their comparatively higher wear when they turn up in hoards.

503482. THESSALY, Magnetes. Circa 168-140 BC. AR Drachm (19mm, 3.89 g, 7h). Head of Zeus right, wearing laurel wreath; ± to left / Artemis, holding bow in her right hand, seated left on prow left; to left, dolphin downward; star surmounting akrostolion; to right, l above W; ÂÅ˝@˙tW@ below. BCD Thessaly II 415.2 (same rev. die); SNG Copenhagen 153 (same rev. die); BMC 1 (same rev. die). VF, attractively toned, some die wear, a couple minor flan flaws on obverse. $850 Ex BCD Collection (Triton XVI, 8 January 2013), lot 348; Kölner Münzkabinett 51 (12 November 1990), lot 98.

503483. THESSALY, Pharkadon. Late 5th-early 4th centuries BC. AR Hemiobol (8.5mm, 0.37 g, 1h). Head of bull facing slightly right / Ram standing left; fÅ above; all within incuse square. BCD Thessaly II 609; HGC 4, 304. Good VF, deeply toned, typical light porosity. $450 17

503484. THESSALY, Pharsalos. Late 5th-mid 4th century BC. AR Drachm (17mm, 5.95 g, 8h). Dies signed by Telephantos.

Head of Athena right, wearing crested Attic helmet with raised cheek guard and spiral ornament on the back; small t˙ and 5∏ between crest and neck guard / Warrior, wearing petasos, holding lagobolon in his right hand propped on his shoulder, left hand holding rein, on horseback right; f-Å across upper field, [small t in exergue]; all within incuse square. Lavva 93b (V47/ R53 – this coin); BCD Thessaly II 639 corr. (5∏ on obv. and t on rev. off flan, not noted). Good VF, toned, small flan flaw on obverse, compact flan. $3000 Ex BCD Collection (Classical Numismatic Group 96; 14 May 2014), lot 271; Leu 33 (3 May 1983), lot 304 (hammer CHF 2800).

503485. THESSALY, Skotoussa. Early-mid 4th century BC. AR Trihemiobol (13mm, 1.45 g, 12h). Head of Herakles right, wearing lion skin / Forepart of horse right; s-˚o across field; all within incuse square. BCD Thessaly II 741 (this coin); HGC 4, 595. Good VF, toned, light porosity, tiny scuff on obverse, slight die shift on reverse. $1500 Ex BCD Collection (Triton XV, 3 January 2012), lot 741; G. Hirsch 261 (7 May 2009), lot 257 (hammer € 775).

494593. ATTICA, Athens. Circa 454-404 BC. AR Tetradrachm (23mm, 17.19 g, 4h). Head of Athena right, with frontal eye, wearing earring, necklace, and crested Attic helmet decorated with three olive leaves over visor and a palmette on the bowl / Owl standing right, head facing; olive sprig to left, ¡QE to right; all within incuse square. Kroll 8; HGC 4, 1597; SNG Copenhagen 31; SNG München 49; Dewing 1591–7; Gulbenkian 519–21; Kraay & Hirmer 362. EF, lightly toned, slight die shift on obverse. $3950 The certain elements of the style of this tetradrachm, particularly the palmette on Athena’s helmet and the stance of the owl, suggest that this coin was among the earliest issues in the ubiquitous “frontal eye”/classical tetradrachms of the mid-late 5th century at Athens, as these features more closely resemble those found on the later groups of early-mid 5th century issues analyzed by Chester Starr.

499002. ATTICA, Athens. Circa 454-404 BC. AR Tetradrachm (24mm, 17.19 g, 5h). Head of Athena right, with frontal eye, wearing earring, necklace, and crested Attic helmet decorated with three olive leaves over visor and a palmette on the bowl / Owl standing right, head facing; olive sprig to left, ¡QE to right; all within incuse square. Kroll 8; HGC 4, 1597; SNG Copenhagen 31; SNG München 49; Dewing 1591–7; Gulbenkian 519–21; Kraay & Hirmer 362. Superb EF, fully lustrous, as made. Well centered on a broad flan. $5750 18

499597. ATTICA, Athens. Circa 454-404 BC. AR Tetradrachm (22mm, 17.17 g, 12h). Head of Athena right, with frontal eye, wearing earring, necklace, and crested Attic helmet decorated with three olive leaves over visor and a palmette on the bowl / Owl standing right, head facing; olive sprig to left, ¡QE to right; all within incuse square. Kroll 8; HGC 4, 1597; SNG Copenhagen 31; SNG München 49; Dewing 1591–7; Gulbenkian 519–21; Kraay & Hirmer 362. EF, lightly toned. With an artistic compact portrait, perfectly centered on a broad flan, showing full crest. $5750

Ex Virgil Brand Collection

503462. ATTICA, Athens. Circa 454-404 BC. AR Drachm (15.5mm, 4.21 g, 12h). Head of Athena right, with frontal eye, wearing earring, necklace, and crested Attic helmet decorated with three olive leaves over visor and a palmette on the bowl / Owl standing right, head facing; olive sprig to left, ¡QE to right; all within incuse square. Kroll 10; SNG Copenhagen 41–3; SNG München 60–4; Dewing 1599-602. EF, toned, only a small amount of the usual porosity. Exceptional for issue, and of fine style. Rare in this condition. $14,500 Ex Millon & Associés (8 June 2007), lot 33; Virgil M. Brand Collection (Part 3, Sotheby’s, 9 June 1983), lot 77; Merzbacher (15 November 1910), lot 488.

Unlike the ubiquitous Athenian tetradrachms, which are often encountered in high grade, the drachms are notoriously difficult to find much better than VF condition. This is due to the fact that drachms could be used in relatively small transactions, so they were in much more continual circulation compared to the larger denominations. Thus, the present specimen, in EF condition, is quite rare.

Well Centered Sea Turtle

489935. ISLANDS off ATTICA, Aegina. Circa 480-457 BC. AR Stater (19.5mm, 12.20 g, 1h). Sea turtle, head in profile, with ‘T-back’ design on shell / Large square incuse with skew pattern. Meadows, Aegina, Group IIIa; Milbank Period III, pl. I, 15; HGC 6, 435; SNG Copenhagen 507; Dewing 1674; Gillet 947; Gulbenkian 523; Jameson 1199. Good VF, iridescent tone.

Well centered on a broad flan, with the full head and all four flippers present. $6750

503486. SIKYONIA, Sikyon. Circa 370-340/30 BC. AR Obol (11mm, 0.93 g, 10h). Dove alighting right, holding fillet in its beak, 5 on wing / Dove flying right; s5 above tail. BCD Peloponnesos II 245; HGC 5, 225 corr. (letter on wing not noted). EF, lightly toned, slight bend in flan, off center on obverse. Good metal for issue. $450 19

Unique

503487. ARKADIA, Pheneos. Circa 400-360 BC. AR Obol (11.5mm, 0.88 g, 11h). Youthful head of Hermes left, petasos hanging behind from cord around neck / Upright kerykeion; fE˜5 to left, oak leaf with acorn hanging from stem to right. BCD Peloponnesos –; HGC 5, 982 (this coin illustrated). EF, lightly toned, carelessly struck, small edge split. Unique, and a type missing from the great BCD collection. $9500 Ex Nomos 2 (18 May 2010), lot 98.

BCD was famous for saying that he was sure that as soon as he auctioned his collection, one of those great rarities would appear for which he had long searched in vain. In this case the situation is even worse: this coin is utterly unknown and marks a completely new issue of the 4th century!! But when was it struck? It clearly must be connected to the extremely rare triobols and obols that bear the same head of Hermes on their obverses (triobols: BMC 1 and BCD 1600; obols: BMC 2 - not in BCD), which have been dated in the BCD catalogue to the late 5th or very early 4th centuries. The heads on the triobol and this obol are, in fact, so close that we can assume the same die cutter was responsible for both: perhaps they should be dated down into the 4th century, even if that would leave Pheneos with little or no coinage in the late 5th. The reverse type certainly harks back to the rare 5th century fractions of Pheneos that also bore kerykeia as their reverse types (BCD 1598-1599), but the prominent oak leaf and acorn symbol seems completely unexpected. In fact, this coin looks experimental in every way and it may well be that it was decided to replace the kerykeion type on the reverse with the more familiar ram almost immediately after this coin was struck.

In any case this is a most extraordinary novum.

498310. CIMMERIAN BOSPOROS, Pantikapaion. Circa 340-325 BC. AV Stater (21.5mm, 8.99 g, 11h). Head of Pan left, wearing ivy wreath / Griffin, holding spear in its mouth, standing left, head facing, forepaw raised, on grain ear; ∏-Å-@ around. MacDonald 54; Anokhin 1021; HGC 7, 20; SNG BM Black Sea 864; Gulbenkian 587 = Locker-Lampson 123; cf.

Kraay & Hirmer 440. EF, a few minor edge marks, light field marks. $65,000 Ex Gemini I (11 January 2005), lot 102.

Pantikapaion was founded by Greek colonists from Miletos in the late seventh century BC. Situated on the west side of the Cimmerian Bosporos, in what is now called the Crimea, it achieved great prosperity through its exploitation of the abundant fisheries of the straits and the export of wheat from the Crimea. This wealth is attested by its splendid gold coinage, which commenced in the mid-4th century BC, and by the magnificently furnished rock tombs of its principal citizens in the same period. Later, it was to become a regional capital of the kingdom of Mithradates VI of Pontos (120-63 BC) and later still the seat of the kings of Bosporos (first century BC – fourth century AD). The coinage of Pantikapaion seems to have commenced with silver issues in the latter part of the fifth century BC, but it is for its beautiful gold staters that the mint is chiefly noted. They depict the head of the god Pan (a pun on the name of the city) and on the reverse the griffin that Herodotos describes as being the guardian of the remote sources of gold.

498312. KINGS of BOSPOROS. Pharnakes II. Circa 63-46 BC. AV Stater (21.5mm, 8.23 g, 12h). Pantikapaion mint.

Dated Bosporan Era 246 (52/1 BC). Diademed head right / ∫Å%5¬EW% ∫Å%5¬E-W@ ÂE˝Å¬oU fÅr@Å˚oU, Apollo seated left on lion-footed throne, holding branch in extended right hand, left arm resting on kithara; tripod to left; to right, 4Â% (date) above i (only traces visible). Frolova & Ireland § 5, unlisted dies; G&K 9 var. (unlisted dies); MacDonald 185/2; Anokhin 1305; HGC 7, 198; DCA 446. Near EF, underlying luster, a few marks. $19,500 Ex Freeman & Sear inventory G4412 (May 2004).

Pharnakes was awarded the Bosporan Kingdom by Pompey, for the betrayal of his father Mithradates VI, King of Pontos. Little is known of his 16-year reign except for its ending. During the Civil War between Pompey and Julius Caesar, Pharnakes tried to recapture his father’s former territories in Pontos. He won a victory over Caesar’s general, Domitius Calvinus, and ordered Romans in the region castrated or put to the sword. In response, Caesar launched a rapid five day war against Pharnakes in 47 BC, culminating in the battle of Zela. Caesar emerged victorious, prompting him to report back to the Senate with the now famous dictum, “Veni, Vidi, Vici” (I came, I saw, I conquered).

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498316. KINGS of BOSPOROS. Asander. As king, circa 43-16 BC. AV Stater (20mm, 8.22 g, 1h). Dated RY 7 (41/0 BC).

Diademed head right / ∫Å%5¬EW% År%Å@droU, Nike, holding wreath in extended right hand, palm frond in left, standing left on prow left; to inner left, Z (date) above i. Frolova & Ireland § 6, 12 corr. (monogram); Natwoka 7a; Anokhin 1322; MacDonald 197; RPC I 1849; HGC 7, 201; DCA 447. EF, underlying luster, tiny die break on reverse. Very rare. $27,500 Ex Tkalec (9 May 2005), lot 56.

After defeating Pharnakes II in 47 BC, Asander hoped that Caesar would recognize him as king of Bosporos. Instead, in 46 BC Caesar appointed Mithradates of Pergamon, the illegitimate son of Mithradates VI Eupator and a personal friend. Asander, however, subsequently defeated and killed Mithradates. To support his claim to the throne, Asander married Dynamis, the daughter of Pharnakes II, but for the first four years of his reign, he claimed the title ‘archon’ only, rather than that of ‘basileus.’ The reason for this may be that as Rome had formally recognized the archon Pharnakes II as king, Asander was hoping they would do the same on his behalf – a hope confirmed by Octavian in 43 BC. Consequently, all of Asander’s regnal dates are reckoned from his first year as archon (circa 47/6 BC).

503467. MYSIA, Kyzikos. Circa 550-450 BC. EL Hekte – Sixth Stater (11mm, 2.67 g). Sphinx crouching left, raising forepaw, on tunny left / Quadripartite incuse square. Von Fritze I 72; Boston MFA 1451; SNG BN 201–2. EF, toned. Struck from fresh dies with good detail. $2950

Ex Gillet Collection

503463. MYSIA, Kyzikos. Circa 550-450 BC. EL Stater (19mm, 15.90 g). Lion scalp facing; below, tunny left / Quadripartite incuse square. Von Fritze I 82; Greenwell 113; Boston MFA 1473 = Warren 1536; cf. SNG BN 211 (hekte); BMC 37; Gillet 1056 (this coin); cf. Gulbenkian 635 (hekte); cf Jameson 2553 (hekte); Myrmekion 15; cf. Rosen 459 (hekte); Weber –. VF, toned, a couple scratches in field on obverse. $36,000 Ex Sincona 10 (27 May 2013), lot 114; James & Sneja Velkov Collection (Vinchon, 24 November 1994), lot 79; Charles Gillet Collection.

Ex Prospero and Philipsen Collections

503464. MYSIA, Lampsakos. Circa 394-350 BC. AV Stater (16.5mm, 8.42 g, 2h). Head of Zeus left, wearing laurel wreath; lotus flower to right / Forepart of Pegasos right within shallow incuse square. Baldwin, Lampsakos 29s corr. (dies II/δ – this coin); SNG BN 1137–8; Boston MFA 1594–7; Kraay & Hirmer 729; Pozzi 2239; Warren 1004 (same rev. die). Near EF, attractive rich tone, die breaks in field on obverse. $47,500 Ex Roma XII (29 Septembr 2016), lot 306; Prospero Collection (New York Sale XXVII, 4 January 2012), lot 471, purchased from Spink, 7 August 1984; Gustav Philipsen Collection (Part III, J. Hirsch XXV, 29 November 1909), lot 1790.

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495748 503351 495748. KINGS of PERGAMON. Eumenes I. 263-241 BC. AR Tetradrachm (29.5mm, 16.88 g, 12h). In the name of Philetairos. Pergamon mint. Struck circa 255/50-241 BC. Head of Philetairos right, wearing laurel wreath / f5¬EtÅ5roU, Athena enthroned left, left elbow resting on shield to right, crowning dynastic name with wreath held in her extended right hand; transverse spear in background, ivy leaf to outer left, v to inner left, bow to right. Westermark Group IVA, obv. die XLVII; SNG BN 1610–6; SNG von Aulock 1356–7; SNG Copenhagen 335; Dewing 2208. EF, toned, some residual find patina, a few light marks. $5500 503351. IONIA, Magnesia ad Maeandrum. Circa 150-140 BC. AR Tetradrachm (33mm, 16.93 g, 12h). Stephanophoric type. Herognetos, son of Zopyrionos, “magistrate”. Diademed and draped bust of Artemis right, bow and quiver over shoulder / Apollo Delphios standing left, left elbow resting on tall tripod behind, holding in right hand a branch tied with fillet; ˙ro˝@˙to% zo∏Ur5W@o% to left, ;Å˝@˙tW@ to right, meander pattern below; all within laurel wreath. Jones dies 29a; SNG von Aulock 7921 (same obv. die); SNG Delepierre 2642 (same obv. die); BMC 38 (same obv. die). Choice EF, attractive even gray tone with golden hues around the devices. $2750 From the Gasvoda Collection. Ex Hunter Collection (Goldberg 72, 5 February 2013), lot 4077.

498233. CILICIA, Tarsos. Circa 420-410 BC. AR Stater (24mm, 10.64 g, 12h). Horseman, in Persian attire, holding lotus flower in right hand, rein in left, riding left; bow in bowcase attached to rear of saddle, [zRt (TRZ in Aramaic) in exergue] / Archer kneeling right, drawing bow; 0 to lower left; all in dotted square within incuse square. Casabonne Type D2; SNG BN –; SNG Levante –; SNG von Aulock –; Traité II 521. EF, toned, irregular flan. Very rare. $6750

Ex Balkan Area Hoard

479785. SELEUKID EMPIRE. Antiochos I Soter. Joint reign with Seleukos I, 294-281 BC. AR Tetradrachm (28mm, 16.34 g, 9h). In the types of Alexander III of Macedon. Seleukeia on the Tigris I mint. Struck circa 296/5-281 BC. Head of Herakles right, wearing lion skin / ∫Å%5¬EW% Å@t5ocoU, Zeus Nikephoros seated left; ˙ in left field; r below throne. SC 120.6a; HGC 9, 17; U. Wartenberg & J.H. Kagan, “Some comments on a new hoard from the Balkan area,” Travaux Le Rider, p. 399, 90 (this coin, illustrated). VF, toned, test cuts and countermark on obverse. Rare. $1950 From the MNL Collection. Ex Classical Numismatic Group Electronic Auction 305 (26 June 2013), lot 156; 1990s Balkan Area Hoard (CH IX, 196).

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479231. SELEUKID EMPIRE. Antiochos I Soter. 281-261 BC. AR Tetradrachm (29mm, 16.84 g, 1h). Seleukeia on the Tigris mint. Diademed head right / ∫Å%5¬EW% Å@t5ocoU, Apollo Delphios, testing arrow held in right hand, left hand resting on grounded bow to right, seated left on omphalos; A to outer right, Û in exergue. SC 379.2; ESM 148; HGC 9, 128g.

EF, deeply toned. High relief and an attractive portrait. $7250 From the MNL Collection. Ex New York Sale XXX (9 January 2013), lot 174; Numismatic Fine Arts X (17 September 1981), lot 219.

479492. SELEUKID EMPIRE. Antiochos I Soter. 281-261 BC. Æ (16.8mm, 4.55 g, 9h). Seleukeia on the Tigris mint.

Head of Apollo facing slightly right, wearing laurel wreath / ∫Å%5¬EW% Å@t5ocoU, Nike standing right, erecting trophy; u to outer left, Q to outer right. SC 389.6; HGC 9, 178. Good VF, attractive, artificial dark green patina with earthen highlights/deposits. $875 From the MNL Collection. Ex Holyland Numismatics Inventory 00911.

Referenced in SC – Published in Soli and CSE

487299. SELEUKID EMPIRE. Antiochos III ‘the Great’. 222-187 BC. AR Tetradrachm (29mm, 17.12 g, 12h). Soli mint. Struck circa 197 BC. Diademed head right / ∫Å%5¬EW% Å@t-5ocoU, Apollo Delphios, nude, seated left on omphalos, testing arrow in his right hand, left hand on bow set on ground to right; to outer left, Z above head of Athena left, wearing crested Corinthian helmet; ì to outer right. SC 1019.2a (this coin referenced); Houghton, Soli 15 (A3/P4) = CSE 516 (this coin); WSM 1286; HGC 9, 20; SNG Spaer 654 (same obv. die). Good VF, toned. Rare. $6750 From the MNL Collection. Ex Leu 65 (21 May 1996), lot 241; Numismatic Fine Arts XXXIII (3 May 1994), lot 276; Arthur Houghton Collection, purchased from Paolo Girardi, March 1972; Syria 1971 Hoard (CH II, 81).

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488176. SELEUKID EMPIRE. Seleukos IV Philopator. 187-175 BC. AR Tetradrachm (30mm, 16.58 g, 12h). Ptolemaïs (Ake) mint. Struck circa 180-175 BC. Diademed head right / ∫Å%5¬EW% %E-¬EU˚oU, Apollo Delphios, nude, seated left on omphalos, testing arrow in his right hand, left hand on bow set on ground to right; palm frond to outer left, J to inner left, 5Å in exergue. SC 1331a; Le Rider, Séleucos 85–98 (D1/R3); HGC 9, 580h. Near EF, old collection tone. $2950 From the MNL Collection. Ex Classical Numismatic Group 55 (13 September 2000), lot 673; Giessener Münzhandlung 96 (7 June 1999), lot 241. Reportedly ex Lebanon, 1989 Hoard (CH IX, 507 corr. = SC II App. 3, p. 102).

Ex Glover and Houghton Collections

485723. SELEUKID EMPIRE. Antiochos IV Epiphanes. 175-164 BC. AR Tetradrachm (30mm, 16.62 g, 12h). Antioch on the Orontes mint. Series 3, struck 168-164 BC. Diademed head right / ∫Å%5¬EW% Å@t5ocoU QEoU E∏5fÅ@oU% @5˚EforoU, Zeus Nikephoros seated left; : to outer left. SC 1400a; Le Rider, Antioche, Series IIIA, 291 (A31/P202) = CSE 108 (this coin); HGC 9, 620a; BMC 18 (same dies). Good VF, lightly toned, a few marks. $2750 From the MNL Collection. Ex Stephen Glover Collection (Classical Numismatic Group Electronic Auction 264), lot 126; Arthur Houghton Collection (Numismatic Fine Arts Fall Mail Bid Sale, 12 October 1988), lot 441, purchased from Robert Hecht, February 1965.

488194. SELEUKID EMPIRE. Timarchos. Usurper, 164-161 BC. Æ (26mm, 16.44 g, 1h). Ekbatana mint. Diademed head right / [∫Å%]5¬E[W%] ÂE˝Å¬oU t5ÂÅrcoU, Nike advancing left, holding wreath in extended left hand and cradling palm frond in left arm; no control marks. SC 1595; HGC 9, 770; CSE 1235. Good VF, earthen dark green patina, a little off center on reverse. Exceptional for issue. $975 From the MNL Collection, purchased from Frank Kovacs, January 2013.

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487293. SELEUKID EMPIRE. Demetrios I Soter. 162-150 BC. AR Tetradrachm (29mm, 16.67 g, 12h). Uncertain mint 82, probably in Cilicia. Diademed head right within laurel wreath / ∫Å%5¬EW% d˙Â˙tr5oU, Tyche, holding scepter in extended right hand and cradling cornucopia in left arm, seated left on throne supported by tritoness right; ¢ to outer left. SC 1620.2; SMA 91; HGC 9, 795d. EF, lightly toned. Well centered. Very rare, only two in CoinArchives. $2450 From the MNL Collection. Ex Benoît Odaert Collection (Bru Sale Live Auction 1, with Wellico Ltd., 21 November 2012), lot 77; Classical Numismatic Group Electronic Auction 174 (10 October 2007), lot 62; Classical Numismatic Group Electronic Auction 163 (27 April 2007), lot 46.

485746. SELEUKID EMPIRE. Demetrios I Soter. 162-150 BC. AR Tetradrachm (30mm, 16.72 g, 1h). Antioch on the Orontes mint. Undated issue, struck 162-155/4 BC. Diademed head right, with light beard, within laurel wreath / ∫Å%5¬EW% d˙Â˙tr5oU, Tyche, fully clothed, holding scepter in extended right hand and cradling cornucopia in left arm, seated left on throne supported by tritoness right; : to outer left (engraved over prior monogram). SC 1637c (this coin referenced); SMA –; HGC 9, 796. Near EF, toned. Well centered. $2450 From the MNL Collection, purchased from Perseus Ancient Coins, January 2012. Ex Freeman & Sear 14 (11 June 2007), lot 275; Lanz 117 (24 November 2003), lot 409; Glendining’s (9 October 1989), lot 134.

479264. SELEUKID EMPIRE. Antiochos VI Dionysos. 144-142 BC. AR Drachm (19mm, 4.23 g, 1h). Antioch on the Orontes mint. Dated SE 169 (144/3 BC). Radiate and diademed head right / [∫]Å%5¬EW[%] Å@t5ocoU EP5fÅ@oU d5o@U%oU, Apollo Delphios, nude, seated left on omphalos, testing arrow in his right hand, left hand on bow set on ground to right, seated left on omphalos; – between legs, Q$r (date) and %tÅ in exergue. SC 2002.1c; SMA 237 var. (monogram); HGC 9, 1036a; DCA 182. EF, attractive iridescent cabinet tone. $1250 From the MNL Collection. Ex Pierre Arnaud Collection (Hess-Divo 307, 8 June 2007), lot 1320; Münzen und Medaillen AG FPL 438 (November 1981), no. 14.

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488243. SELEUKID EMPIRE. Demetrios II Nikator. Second reign, 129-125 BC. AR Drachm (18.5mm, 4.10 g, 12h). Tarsos mint, “Royal workshop”. Diademed head right within fillet border / ∫Å%5¬EW% d˙µ˙tr5oU QEoU @5˚Åtoro%, Zeus Nikephoros seated left; to outer left, ± above f (engraved over a prior control mark). SC 2158 corr. (bottom monogram); Houghton, Second, –; HGC 9, 1128a; SNG Spaer 2204 (same dies); CNG inventory 403602 (same dies). EF, toned, slight die wear, a couple light marks under tone on obverse, a little porosity on reverse. Well centered and struck. Extremely rare. $1650 From the MNL Collection. Ex François Charrin Collection (Parsy, 26 November 2013), lot 57.

The clarity of the lower monogram on this example verifies that this drachm is a fraction of the tetradrachm issue SC 2157.2.

503468

503469

503468. PERSIA, Achaemenid Empire. temp. Darios I to Xerxes II. Circa 485-420 BC. AV Daric (15mm, 8.32 g). LydoMilesian standard. Sardes mint. Persian king or hero, wearing kidaris and kandys, quiver over shoulder, in kneeling-running stance right, holding spear and bow / Incuse punch. Carradice Type IIIb, Group A/B (pl. XIII, 27); Meadows, Administration 321; BMC Arabia pl. XXIV, 26; Sunrise 24. Near EF. Well struck. $2500 Ex Obolos 6 (20 November 2016), lot 547; Schweizerische Kreditanstalt FPL 56 (Autumn 1991), no. 126.

503469. PERSIA, Achaemenid Empire. temp. Xerxes II to Artaxerxes II. Circa 420-375 BC. AV Daric (15.5mm, 8.36 g).

Lydo-Milesian standard. Sardes mint. Persian king or hero, wearing kidaris and kandys, quiver over shoulder, in kneelingrunning stance right, holding spear and bow / Incuse punch. Carradice Type IIIb, Group C (pl. XIV, 42); cf. Meadows, Administration 323; BMC Arabia pl. XXV, 12; Sunrise 28. Near EF, lightly toned. Well centered and struck. $4600 Ex Osaka Collection.

503240. PTOLEMAIC KINGS of EGYPT. Ptolemy III Euergetes. 246-222 BC. Æ Drachm (43mm, 69.96 g, 11h).

Alexandreia mint. Series 5B. Struck 230-222 BC. Diademed head of Zeus-Ammon right / ∫Å%5¬EW% ∏to¬EÂÅ5oU, Eagle with closed wings standing left on thunderbolt; filleted cornucopia to left, ^ between legs. CPE B395; Svoronos 964; SNG Copenhagen 171–2; Noeske 117–9; Boston MFA –; Dewing –; Weiser 71. Good VF, brown surfaces with tan highlights. Well centered on a broad flan. $2450

26

Serapis and Isis

489942. PTOLEMAIC KINGS of EGYPT. Ptolemy IV Philopator. 222-205/4 BC. AR Tetradrachm (26mm, 14.28 g, 12h). Alexandreia mint. Struck circa 217-215/0 BC. Jugate draped busts right of Serapis, wearing laurel wreath with small atef crown above his forehead, and Isis, wearing grain ear wreath with miniature horned disc above her forehead / ∫Å%5¬EW% ∏to¬EÂÅ5oU, eagle standing left, head right, on thunderbolt; filleted double cornucopia over shoulder, d5 between legs.

CPE 892; Svoronos 1124; Landvatter Group 1, 1–27 (unlisted dies); SNG Copenhagen 197-8. EF, toned, minor flan crack. An outstanding example of this evocative type. $7500 Ex Dr. Walter Stoecklin Collection (†1981).

This type is thought to have been issued in celebration of the Ptolemaic victory over the Seleukids at the battle of Raphia during the Fourth Syrian War. Official propaganda proclaimed that these two deities, Serapis and Isis, had intervened on behalf of the Egyptians, saving them from defeat (see C. Lorber, “The Ptolemaic Era Coinage Revisited,” NC 2007, p. 116, and L. Bricault, “Serapis et Isis, Sauveurs de Ptolémé IV à Raphia,” Chronique d’Égypte LXXIV (1999), pp. 334-43).

Thomas Landvatter, in his die study cited above that appeared in the 2012 ANS American Journal of Numismatics (Second Series, Vol. 24, p.

88), suggests that this issue was “carrying a very specific ideological message directed more widely throughout the empire: Ptolemy IV was equating himself and his wife Arsinoe with the divine sibling-spouses Serapis and Isis.” Landvatter also notes that “[t]his was an ideological statement made during wartime, meant to have wide appeal and explicitly associate the Ptolemaic king and queen with two of the most popular deities in the Eastern Mediterranean.” Indeed, the popularity of the Serapis/Isis cult would outlive the Ptolemaic dynasty and continue well into the Roman Imperial period, only to be eventually usurped by the Christian and Muslim faiths.

503488. PTOLEMAIC KINGS of EGYPT. Ptolemy VIII Euergetes II (Physcon). 145-116 BC. AR Tetradrachm (27mm, 14.26 g, 12h). Alexandreia mint. Dated RY 27 (144/3 BC). Diademed head of Ptolemy I right, wearing aegis around neck / ∫Å%5¬EW% ∏to¬EÂÅ5oU, eagle standing left on thunderbolt; l˚z (date) to left, ∏` to right. Svoronos 1439; Olivier 2091 (D351/R1176 – this coin); Paphos Hoard pl. XVIII, 14; SNG Copenhagen 296; Noeske –; DCA 54. EF, beautifully toned, light graffiti in fields on obverse. $2250 Ex Dr. Walter Stoecklin (†1975) Collection (Nomos 14, 17 May 2017), lot 190; Ars Classica XV (2 July 1930), lot 1180.

Rare Barke Tetradrachm

498234. KYRENAICA, Barke. Circa 475-435 BC. AR Tetradrachm (24mm, 17.26 g, 10h). Silphion plant / Head of Zeus Ammon right; ∫År to right; all in thick circular border within shallow incuse circle. SNG Copenhagen –; BMC 7 = Weber 8175 (same dies); Hunterian 1 (same obv. die); Traité III 1949, pl. CCLXIX, 8 (same dies); Münzen und Medaillen GmbH 38, lot 118 (same dies). Good VF, toned. Very rare, only one example in CoinArchives. $25,000 Ex Mordecai Medvin Collection.

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ORIENTAL GREEK

503625. KINGS of ELYMAIS. Kamnaskires V. Circa 54/3-33/2 BC. AR Tetradrachm (30mm, 14.61 g, 12h). Seleukeia on the Hedyphon mint. Dated SE 265 (48/7 BC). Diademed bust of Kamnaskires left; to right, star above anchor / ∫Å45¬E∑4 above, ˚Å∏@Å4˚5roU to right, toU ∫Å45¬E∑4 to left, ˚Å∏@Å4˚5roU below, diademed male bust left; %$E (date) in exergue. van’t Haaff Type 9.1.1-3 (date unlisted); cf. Alram 463 (for type); Sunrise 479 var. (date). Superb EF, slightly double struck . Great metal. $1975 The Kingdom of Elymais flourished along the upper portion of the Persian Gulf in present-day Susiana (Iran) from circa 188 BC to the third century AD, at various times subject to the Seleukid and Parthian Empires. The ancient name for the region, Elam, is often referenced in the Bible; its people apparently spoke a variation of ancient Elamite, using Aramaic letters in their inscriptions. Its ruling dynasty, the Kamnaskirids, produced attractive coins on the Hellenistic model, eventually including Parthian elements. Next to nothing is known about the rulers, save what can be gleaned from the coinage; even the identity and numbering of the kings is disputed. This impressive tetradrachm depicts Kamnaskires somewhat differently than contemporary Parthian kings, with a broader diadem and more elaborate clothing, including an unusual raised ring around his upper shoulder. The anchor behind the royal bust originated as a Seleukid symbol.

498307. BAKTRIA, Greco-Baktrian Kingdom. Diodotos I Soter. Circa 255-235 BC. AV Stater (19mm, 8.31 g, 6h). In the name of Antiochos II of Syria. Mint A (near Aï Khanoum). Diademed head right / ∫å%5GEW% down right, Å@t5o≈oU down left, Zeus Bremetes, seen from behind, advancing left, aegis draped over outstretched left arm, and brandishing thunderbolt in right hand; in inner left field, @ above eagle standing left. Kritt, New, A7, Style 1; cf. Holt Series A, Group 7 (tetradrachm); Bopearachchi –; Bopearachchi & Rahman –; SNG ANS –; SC 629.1 (Antiochos II of Syria) var. (same); cf. HGC 9, 233. EF, underlying luster. Rare without the typical test cut. $12,500 Ex Classical Numismatic Group 70 (21 September 2005), lot 449.

498308. BAKTRIA, Greco-Baktrian Kingdom. Diodotos I Soter. Circa 255-235 BC. AV Stater (19mm, 8.38 g, 6h). In the name of Antiochos II of Syria. Mint A (near Aï Khanoum). Diademed head right / ∫å%5GEW% down right, Å@t5o≈oU down left, Zeus Bremetes, seen from behind, advancing left, aegis draped over outstretched left arm, and brandishing thunderbolt in right hand; in inner left field, wreath above eagle standing left. Kritt, New, A8, Style 2; Holt Series A, Group 8; Bopearachchi 1A; SC 630; HGC 9, 234 (Antiochos II). EF, underlying luster, die shift on obverse and reverse. Rare without the typical test cut. $9750 Ex Classical Numismatic Group 70 (21 September 2005), lot 452.

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ROMAN PROVINCIAL Rare Dynastic Issue

503622. JUDAEA, Aelia Capitolina (Jerusalem). Septimius Severus, with Julia Domna, Caracalla, and Geta. 193211 CE. Æ (30mm, 23.16 g, 12h). Struck AD 201. [IMP CAES LV SEPT SEV E T I]VLI DOM ΛVC, jugate busts of Septimius Severus, laureate, draped, and cuirassed, seen from behind, and Julia Domna, draped and wearing crescent, right / [ΛNTONINVS] ΛVC [GETΛ CΛES], [CO]L ΛE CΛ[P] in exergue, Caracalla and Geta, togate, standing vis-à-vis, clasping right hands. Cf. Meshorer, Aelia 81; cf. Kadman 87; SNG ANS –; cf. Sofaer 74; cf. Rosenberger 48 (all refs for type). VF, earthen black-green patina. Exceptional for issue and rare. $2250 Ex Dr. Patrick Tan Collection.

Jerusalem, refounded as a Roman military colony by Hadrian in AD 135, was renamed Colonia Aelia Capitolina. According to Cassius Dio (76.13), Septimius Severus, his wife Julia Domna, and their sons Antoninus (Caracalla) and Geta made an official state visit to the city in AD 201. The event was commemorated by the issuance of this rare large bronze coin. An inscription found near the Western Wall proclaimed that the city had been bestowed the honorary title “Commodiana Pia Felix.” The choice to honor the late, unlamented Commodus seems an odd one; however Severus had in AD 197 “retroactively adopted” himself as the son of Marcus Aurelius, making the now deified Commodus his brother.

ROMAN REPUBLICAN

503354. Anonymous. Circa 225-214 BC. AR Didrachm – Quadrigatus (22.5mm, 6.60 g, 6h). Uncertain mint. Laureate head of Janus; curved truncation / Jupiter, hurling thunderbolt with right hand and holding scepter in left, in quadriga right driven by Victory; rOÂa incuse on raised tablet in exergue. Crawford 28/3; Sydenham 64; RSC 23; HN Italy 334; RBW 65–6. Choice EF, attractive old cabinet toning. $5750 From the Gasvoda Collection, purchased from Herb Kreindler, August 2014. Ex Numismatica Ars Classica 78 (26 May 2014), lot 522.

503243. Anonymous. Circa 225-217 BC. Æ Aes Grave As (62mm, 246 g, 12h). Libral standard. Rome mint. Laureate head of bearded Janus; no mark of value below; all on a raised disk / Prow of galley right; | (mark of value) above; all on a raised disk. Crawford 35/1; ICC 75; HN Italy 337; RBW 84–5. Near EF, earthen dark green patina. $5950 29

498842. Anonymous. Circa 215-212 BC. Æ Aes Grave As (39mm, 62.29 g, 12h). Post Semi-Libral standard. Rome mint.

Laureate head of bearded Janus on a raised disk / Prow of galley left; | (mark of value) above; all on a raised disk. Crawford 41/5a; ICC 105; RBW 112–4. VF, dark green-brown patina. $1450

503623. Anonymous. 211-208 BC. AR Sestertius (13mm, 1.06 g, 11h). Rome mint. Head of Roma right, wearing winged helmet; iiÍ (mark of value) behind / The Dioscuri, each holding spear, on horseback right; in exergue, rOÂA in raised letters on outlined tablet. Crawford 44/7; Sydenham 142; RSC 4; BMCRR 13; Kestner 353–63; RBW 176–7. Good VF, deeply toned.

Well struck on a broad flan. An exceptional specimen. $1175

503489. M. Marcius Mn.f. 134 BC. AR Denarius (17mm, 3.88 g, 1h). Rome mint. Head of Roma right, wearing winged helmet, ornamented with griffin’s head, visor in three pieces and peaked, single drop earring, and pearl necklace, hair falling in three locks; modius to left, • (mark of value) below chin / Victory driving galloping biga right, holding whip in right hand and reins in left; Â º[C]/ rO ÂA in two lines, divided by two stalks of grain, below. Crawford 245/1; Sydenham 500; Marcia 8; BMCRR Rome 1008-12; Kestner 2223-4; RBW 1009. EF, light golden tone. $650

Social War Denarius – Ex Signorelli Collection

503490. The Social War. Coinage of the Marsic Confederation. 90-88 BC. AR Denarius (20mm, 4.08 g, 3h). Mint moving in Campania. Struck 88 BC. Bust of Italia right, wearing crested helmet and aegis to left, Victory crowning Italia with wreath / Two male figures in military dress; on left, standing right, holding a spear in left hand and the one on right, standing left, holding a round object in his left, grasping each others’ right hand; on right, prow of ship from which one of them has disembarked;  in exergue. Campana, Monetazione 181 (D130/R152 – this coin); Sydenham 632a; HN Italy 416; BMCRR Social War 49 var. (number on reverse in exergue); Kestner –; RBW 1221. Near EF, toned. Well struck on a broad flan.

Extremely rare. $9750 Ex Numismatic Fine Arts V (23 February 1978), lot 355; Münzen und Medaillen AG 52 (19 June 1975), lot 329; Prof. Angelo Signorelli Collection (Part I, Santamaria, 25 October 1951), lot 70.

From the NFA catalog: “The reverse type alludes to the help promised by Mithradates of Pontus to the confederates, a promise which never materialized. The figure on the right may either be an ambassador from Pontus or Mithradates himself.”

30

Hercules Musagetes — The Conductor of the Muses

503355. Q. Pomponius Musa. 56 BC. AR Denarius (17mm, 4.06 g, 6h). Rome mint. Diademed head of Apollo right, wearing hair in ringlets; œ • pOÂpONi downward to left, ÂuÍA upward to right / Hercules Musagetes, Conductor of the Muses, standing right, wearing lion skin on shoulders, playing lyre; club to right; herCuLeÍ downward to right, ÂuÍAru downward to left. Crawford 410/1; Sydenham 810; Pomponia 8; BMCRR Rome 3602-4; Kestner 3372-3; RBW –. Choice EF, deep iridescent toning. Well struck. $7500 From the Gasvoda Collection. Ex LHS 103 (5 May 2009), lot 187.

Clio — Muse of History

503362. Q. Pomponius Musa. 56 BC. AR Denarius (18mm, 3.93 g, 9h). Rome mint. Laureate head of Apollo right; volumen tied with cord to left / Clio, the Muse of History, wearing long flowing tunic and peplum, standing left, holding and reading from an open scroll in right hand, resting left elbow on draped column; œ • pOÂpON[i] downward to right, ÂuÍA downward to left. Crawford 410/3; Sydenham 813; Pomponia 11; BMCRR Rome 3610-1; Kestner 3376-7; RBW 1485. Near EF, toned.

Slightly off center reverse. $3500 From the Gasvoda Collection.

Melpomene – Muse of Tragedy

503358. Q. Pomponius Musa. 56 BC. AR Denarius (17mm, 3.92 g, 6h). Rome mint. Laureate head of Apollo right; scepter to left / Melpomene, the Muse of Tragedy, wearing long flowing tunic and peplum, standing right, wearing sword, holding club in right hand and tragic mask in left; œ • pOÂpONi downward to right, ÂuÍA downward to left. Crawford 410/4; Sydenham 816; Pomponia 14; BMCRR Rome 3615-6; Kestner 3378; RBW 1486. Choice EF, toned. $6250 From the Gasvoda Collection. Ex Nomos FPL (Winter-Spring 2015), no. 66.

Euterpe — Muse of Music and Lyric Poetry

503359. Q. Pomponius Musa. 56 BC. AR Denarius (18.5mm, 4.00 g, 3h). Rome mint. Laureate head of Apollo right; two crossed tibiae to left / Euterpe, the Muse of Music and Lyric Poetry, wearing long flowing tunic and peplum, standing right, supporting her head with her left hand by resting her elbow on column, and holding two tibiae in right hand; œ • pOÂpONi downward to left, ÂuÍA downward to right. Crawford 410/5; Sydenham 815; Pomponia 13; BMCRR Rome 3613; Kestner 3379-80; RBW 1487. EF, light iridescent tone. $3750 From the Gasvoda Collection. Ex Numismatica Ars Classica 78 (26 May 2014), lot 663.

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Terpsichore – Muse of Dance

503360. Q. Pomponius Musa. 56 BC. AR Denarius (19mm, 3.75 g, 6h). Rome mint. Laureate head of Apollo right; tortoise to left / Terpsichore, the Muse of Dance, wearing long flowing tunic and peplum, standing right, holding plectrum in right hand and round-bottomed lyre in left; œ • pOÂpONi downward to right, ÂuÍA downward to left. Crawford 410/7a; Sydenham 819a; Pomponia 18a; BMCRR Rome 3619-20; Kestner 3381; RBW –. Near EF, lightly toned. $3500 From the Gasvoda Collection. Ex Antiqua FPL XVII (2013), no. 79.

Erato – Muse of Erotic Poetry

503361. Q. Pomponius Musa. 56 BC. AR Denarius (17mm, 3.64 g, 8h). Rome mint. Laureate head of Apollo right; flower (or plectrum handle) to left / Erato, the Muse of Erotic Poetry, wearing long flowing tunic and peplum, standing right, holding plectrum in right hand and flat-bottomed cithara in left; œ • pOÂpONi downward to left, Âu[ÍA] downward to right. Crawford 410/7d corr. (obv. symbol and rev. type); Sydenham 820a corr. (same); Pomponia 17a corr. (same); BMCRR Rome 3622 corr. (same); Kestner 3384 corr. (same); RBW –; CNR Pomponia 20 [see P. Davis, “Erato or Terpsichore: A Reassessment” in FIDES, for the identification of the muse as Erato]. Good VF, toned, some porosity. Removed from NGC encapsulation, 3813120-018, graded Ch VF, Strike: 3/5, Surface: 3/5. $850 From the Gasvoda Collection. Ex Heritage 3040 (9 April 2015), lot 31224.

This type is called “Terpsichore” by Crawford and most other authors, but Phil Davis has recently identified this coin type as Erato. A complete discussion of this subject can be found in the introductory article for this price list (see pp. 5–7, above).

Urania — Muse of Astronomy

503357. Q. Pomponius Musa. 56 BC. AR Denarius (17mm, 3.93 g, 3h). Rome mint. Laureate head of Apollo right; star of eight rays to left / Urania, the Muse of Astronomy, wearing long flowing tunic and peplum, standing left, touching with wand held in right hand globe set on base; œ • pOÂpONi downward to right, ÂuÍA downward to left. Crawford 410/8; Sydenham 823; Pomponia 22; BMCRR Rome 3628-32; Kestner 3385-6; RBW 1488. Choice EF, slightly iridescent old cabinet tone.

$8500 From the Gasvoda Collection. Ex Numismatica Ars Classica 73 (18 November 2013), lot 148; E. L. Nicolas Collection (Leu 17, 3 May 1977), lot 562.

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Thalia – Muse of Comedy

503356. Q. Pomponius Musa. 56 BC. AR Denarius (19.5mm, 3.77 g, 4h). Rome mint. Laureate head of Apollo right; sandal to left / Thalia, the Muse of Comedy, wearing long flowing tunic and peplum, standing left and leaning left arm on column, holding persona (comic mask) in outstretched right hand; œ • pOÂpONi downward to right, ÂuÍA downward to left.

Crawford 410/9b; Sydenham 821; Pomponia 19; BMCRR Rome 3624-7; Kestner 3388; RBW –. Choice EF, attractive even gray tone with slight iridescence around the devices. $9500 From the Gasvoda Collection. Ex Roma V (23 March 2013), lot 571.

Polyhymnia — Muse of Divine Hymns and Sacred Poetry

503363. Q. Pomponius Musa. 56 BC. AR Denarius (18mm, 3.91 g, 3h). Rome mint. Laureate head of Apollo right; wreath tied with fillet to left / Polyhymnia, the Muse of Divine Hymns and Sacred Poetry, wearing long flowing tunic and peplum, standing facing, her head bound with wreath; œ • pOÂpONi downward to right, ÂuÍA downward to left. Crawford 410/10a; Sydenham 817; Kestner 3389; BMCRR Rome 3617; Pomponia 15; RBW –. VF, toned, scratch on obverse. $1500 From the Gasvoda Collection. Ex Numismatica Ars Classica 100 (29 May 2017), lot 1523.

503491. Moneyer issues of Imperatorial Rome. Albinus Bruti f. 48 BC. AR Denarius (18mm, 3.78 g, 10h). Rome mint.

Head of Pietas right, wearing cruciform earring and pearl necklace; pieTAÍ downward to left / Clasped hands holding winged caduceus; ALBiNuÍ • BruTi • F around below. Crawford 450/2; CRI 26; Sydenham 942; Postumia 10; BMCRR Rome 39645; Kestner 3552-3; RBW 1577. EF, lustrous, lightly toned. Exceptional. $1100 Ex Rauch 99 (8 December 2015), lot 81.

498105. The Pompeians. Sextus Pompey. 37/6 BC. AR Denarius (19.5mm, 3.74 g, 11h). Uncertain Sicilian mint. Diademed and bearded head of Neptune right; trident over left shoulder; ÂAg • pi uÍ • [iÂp iTer] around / Naval trophy set on anchor, top of trident visible above helmet; the arms composed of the stem of a prow in right and aplustre in left; heads of Scylla and Charybdis at base; pr`F • CLAÍ • eT • O[r ` ÂAriT ex] ÍC around. Crawford 511/2a; CRI 333; Sydenham 1347; RSC 1a; BMCRR Sicily 15; Kestner 3782; RBW 1784 corr. (Crawford reference; same obv. die). Superb EF, beautifully toned, a touch off center. Struck from fresh dies of wonderful style. $7500 Ex Molard Collection (Nomos 15, 22 October 2017), lot 211.

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498317. The Caesarians. Julius Caesar. Late 46-early 45 BC. AV Aureus (21mm, 8.02 g, 7h). Rome mint. Draped and winged bust of Victory right, hair rolled back and collected into a knot behind; C • CAeÍ DiC • Ter / Guttus (single-handled sacrificial jug); L • pLANC upward to left, prAeF • œB downward to right. Crawford 475/1a; CRI 60; Sydenham 1019a; Calicó 45a; BMCRR Rome 4119-21; Biaggi 29; Kestner 3669; RBW 1663. Good VF, a few marks. $9500

Ex Apostolo Zeno Collection – Alföldi Plate Coin

500663. The Caesarians. Julius Caesar. March-April 44 BC. AR Denarius (18.5mm, 4.04 g, 2h). Lifetime issue. Rome mint; P. Sepullius Macer, moneyer. Wreathed head right; star of eight rays to left; CAeÍAr • if downward to right / Venus Victrix standing left, holding Victory on outstretched right hand and scepter set on star with left; p • ÍepuLLiuÍ downward to right, ÂACer upward to left. Crawford 480/5b; Alföldi Type V, 1 (A1/R1 – this coin, illustrated); CRI 106a; Sydenham 1071 var. (no ligate letters); RSC 41 var. (same); BMCRR Rome 4165–6 var. (same); Kestner –; RBW 1679 var. (same).

Good VF, toned; light scratch in field behind head and a few surface marks. With a fine, veristic portrait. Removed from NGC encapsulation, graded XF, Strike: 4/5, Surface: 4/5, light scratch. $12,500 Ex Apostolo Zeno Collection (Part II, Dorotheum, 8 June 1956), lot 2828.

This handsome denarius once resided in the collection of Apostolo Zeno (1668-1750), a Venetian nobleman and a famous poet/librettist who wrote the texts for 36 operas. Poet laureate to the Habsburg emperor in Vienna, he retired to Venice in 1729 and devoted the rest of his life to coin collecting. His collections, bought by the Abbey of St. Florian in Austria in 1747, were sold beginning in 1955. The coins in this collection were acquired primarily during the early to mid 1700s, though many may well have been found up to a century earlier.

Superb Mark Antony & Octavian

498104. The Triumvirs. Mark Antony and Octavian. Spring-early summer 41 BC. AR Denarius (23mm, 3.78 g, 12h).

Ephesus mint; M. Barbatius Pollio, quaestor pro praetore. Bare head of Mark Antony right;  • ANT • if • Yg • iii uir • r • p • C •  • BArBAT • œ • p around / Bare head of Octavian right, with slight beard; CAeÍAr • iÂp • pONT • iii • uir • r • p • C • around. Crawford 517/2; CRI 243; Sydenham 1181; RSC 8a; BMCRR East 100; Kestner 3793-5; RBW 1798. Superb EF, fully lustrous, minor die break on reverse. Well struck on a broad flan. $6500 The fraught relationship of Mark Antony and Octavian underwent numerous permutations during their 13-year joint domination of the Roman state. This denarius, struck in mid-41 BC in the eastern half of the Empire ruled by Antony, puts the political situation in stark terms, with Antony and Octavian, still sporting youthful long sideburns, on opposite sides. While Antony occupies the dominant obverse, Octavian calls himself by the potent name Caesar, soon to become a title for future Roman emperors

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Brilliant Triumphal Quadriga Type

497713. The Triumvirs. Octavian. Autumn 30 BC. AR Denarius (18mm, 3.80 g, 11h). Mint in Italy, possibly Rome. Victory standing right on prow of galley, holding wreath with her extended right hand and palm frond over her left shoulder with her left / Octavian driving triumphal quadriga right, holding branch with his extended right hand; iÂp CAeÍAr in exergue.

CRI 416; RIC I 264; RSC 115; BMCRE 617-9 = BMCRR Rome 4343-5; BN 98-104. Superb EF, deeply struck from dies of exceptional quality. Likely the finest known example of this attractive and historic type. $9750 Ex Numismatica Ars Classica 78 (26 May 2014), lot 781.

ROMAN IMPERIAL COINAGE

498115. Augustus. 27 BC-AD 14. AR Denarius (21.5mm, 3.85 g, 6h). Uncertain Spanish mint (Colonia Caesaraugusta?).

Struck 19-18 BC. CAESAR AVGVSTVS, bare head right / Round shield inscribed S • P • Q • R/ CL • V in two lines. RIC I 42a; RSC 294; BMCRE 333-4 = BMCRR Gaul 128-9; BN 1311-5. Good VF, lightly toned, struck on a broad flan. A lovely portrait style and perfectly centered and struck reverse shield. $5250 From the Gasvoda Collection. Ex Numismatica Ars Classica 94 (6 October 2016), lot 64; Triton VI (13 January 2003), lot 802.

Rare Head Left

497696. Augustus. 27 BC-AD 14. AR Denarius (19mm, 3.92 g, 6h). Uncertain Spanish mint (Colonia Patricia?). Struck circa 17-16 BC. Bare head left / AVGVSTVS below, capricorn right, holding globe attached to rudder between front hooves; cornucopia above its back. RIC I 130; RSC 22; BMCRE 307-8 = BMCRR Gaul 126-7; BN 1354-7. EF, lightly toned, struck in good metal from a slightly worn die. Rare with head left. $3750

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503492. Augustus. 27 BC-AD 14. AR Denarius (18mm, 3.83 g, 6h). Lugdunum (Lyon) mint. Struck 15 BC. ΛVGVSTVS DIVI • F, bare head right / IMP • X in exergue, bull butting right, left forefoot raised, lashing his tail. RIC I 167a; Lyon 19; RSC 137; BMCRE 451-3; BN 1373-82. EF, toned, banker’s mark on obverse, hairline flan crack. $3250 Ex Classical Numismatic Group 99 (13 May 2015), lot 590; Numismatica Ars Classica 64 (17 May 2012), lot 1086.

Temple of Zeus Olympios

497702. Augustus. 27 BC-AD 14. AR Denarius (19mm, 3.62 g, 8h). Pergamum mint. Struck circa 21 BC. AVGVSTV[S], bare head right / [I]OVI OLV across field, hexastyle temple of Olympian Jupiter on three-tiered base with round shield in pediment and palmettes on top. RIC I 472; RSC 182; BMCRE 666-8 = BMCRR East 257-9; BN 936-9. Near EF, lightly toned.

A wonderful depiction of the temple of Zeus Olympios. $1950 Ex PML Collection.

This coin provides one more intriguing piece of evidence of the paradoxical relationship regarding Augustus’ conscious crafting of his public image. While the reverse clearly features the temple of Zeus Olympios, it is unclear whether it is the one in Athens, or more likely, that at Olympia. During the years following Actium, Octavian spent much time in the East, reinforcing his control over Antony’s former power base, as well as helping to alleviate the suffering of its cities following the Civil War. When he received the epithet Augustus, these cities, including Pergamum, sought to honor him and allude to his increased divinity, not only as the son of the Divus Julius, but akin to Zeus himself. Unlike the more conservative Rome mint, which balked at such overtures, the eastern mints, with their long tradition of ascribing divinity to such rulers, were comfortable in doing so.

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A Pair of Augustus Cistophorii

496933

497711

496933. Augustus. 27 BC-AD 14. AR Cistophorus (25mm, 11.97 g, 12h). Ephesus mint. Struck circa 25-20 BC. IMP • CAE SAR, bare head right / AVGVSTVS, capricorn right, head left, bearing cornucopia on back; all within laurel wreath. RIC I 477; Sutherland Group V, – (unlisted dies); RPC I 2213; RSC 16; BMCRE 696 = BMCRR East 263; BN 916–7. Near EF, deeply toned with some iridescence. Well centered and struck in sound metal. $6750 The cistophoric tetradrachm was introduced by the Attalid kings of Pergamum in the 190s BC, and was intended for circulation only within a closed economic region in western Anatolia. Its name derives from the cista, or sacred basket containing serpents, that appeared on the obverse of the first issues. The Pergamene Kingdom was later bequeathed to Rome in 133 BC as Asia Province and the coinage continued, with the local design gradually supplanted by portraits of Roman rulers. It was theoretically a tetradrachm (4-drachm piece) on the reduced Asian standard of about 3 grams per drachm; however its weight was also equivalent to three Roman denarii, so it could also have passed current in the western provinces as a triple denarius piece. Whether cistophori were used in the west in this fashion is a matter of ongoing debate.

497711. Augustus. 27 BC-AD 14. AR Cistophorus (27mm, 11.98 g, 12h). Ephesus mint. Struck circa 25-20 BC. IMP • CAE SAR, bare head right / AVGV STVS, six stalks of grain tied in a bundle. RIC I 481; Sutherland Group VIβ, – (unlisted dies); RSC 32b; RPC I 2214; BMCRE 697 = BMCRR East 264; BN 918-921. Choice EF, lightly toned. Struck on a broad flan. $10,000 Ex ArtCoins Roma 8 (4 February 2014), lot 459; Schweizerische Kreditanstalt 1 (22 April 1983), lot 262.

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Triumph of Tiberius

497717. Tiberius. AD 14-37. AR Denarius (18.5mm, 3.77 g, 6h). Lugdunum (Lyon) mint. Struck AD 15-16. TI CΛESΛR DIVI ΛVG F ΛVGVSTVS, laureate head right / TR POT XVII, IMP VII in exergue, Tiberius driving triumphal quadriga right, holding eagle-tipped scepter and reins in left hand and branch in right. RIC I 4; Lyon 122 (unlisted dies); RSC 48; BMCRE 7-11; BN 5-8. Near EF, toned, minor die break on obverse. Rare type with a highly artistic portrait style. $3750 Ex Classical Numismatic Group 99 (13 May 2015), lot 590; Numismatica Ars Classica 64 (17 May 2012), lot 1086.

A capable general, Tiberius campaigned long and hard in Dalmatia, Raetia and Germania over his 20-year military career. His stepfather Augustus showed little inclination to reward him, however, until the aftermath of the Varian disaster in AD 9, when Tiberius rushed north with newly raised legions to restore the situation. Bitter fighting over a two-year period stabilized the Rhine frontier, and Tiberius was able to return to Rome in AD 12 to receive a long-delayed Triumph. Suetonius described its conclusion: “Before turning to enter the Capitol, he dismounted from his chariot and fell at the knees of his father (i.e. Augustus), who was presiding over the ceremonies.” The scene of Tiberius in his triumphal quadriga was widely depicted on coins, gems, and other visual arts, helping to solidify his position as Augustus’s heir.

Ex Sir Arthur Evans Collection

503493. Nero Claudius Drusus. Died 9 BC. AR Denarius (19mm, 3.63 g, 8h). Lugdunum (Lyon) mint. Struck under Claudius, circa AD 41-42. [NE]RO CLAVDIVS DRVSVS GERMΛNICVS I[MP], laureate head left / D E above and GERM on architrave of triumphal arch, surmounted by equestrian statue right between two trophies; the rider carries spear in rest in right hand; at the foot of each trophy sits a captive with hands tied behind his back, the one on left looking right, the one on right facing. RIC I 70 (Claudius, Rome mint); von Kaenel Type 12, 197 (V153/R153 – this coin); Lyon 23 (unlisted dies); RSC 2; BMCRE 97-8; BN 3. Good VF, toned, a few expert repairs. $4250 Ex Münzen und Medaillen AG 38 (6 December 1968), lot 361; Sir Arthur Evans Collection (Ars Classica XVII, 3 October 1934), lot 1233; J. Hirsch XXXIV (5 May 1914), lot 932 (purchased by Spink on behalf of Evans for 35 RM).

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Incredible Nero Claudius Drusus Denarius

497710. Nero Claudius Drusus. Died 9 BC. AR Denarius (20mm, 3.82 g, 12h). Lugdunum (Lyon) mint. Struck under Claudius, circa AD 41-42. NERO CLAVDIVS DRVSVS GERMANICVS IMP, head left, wearing oak-wreath / Triumphal arch, surmounted by equestrian statue left, between two trophies; rider raises right hand in act of address; DE GERMANIS on the architrave. RIC I 72 var. (laureate; Rome mint); von Kaenel Type 14, – (unlisted dies); Lyon 27 (unlisted dies); RSC 4; BMCRE 101-103 var. (same); BN –. Choice EF, lovely light iridescent toning. Struck on a broad flan. Certainly among the finest examples of this rarity. $29,500 Ex ‘Exceptional Roman Denarius Collection’ (Goldberg 80, 3 June 2014), lot 3112 (realized $36,000); Numismatica Ars Classica 62 (6 October 2011), lot 2018; Numismatica Ars Classica 29 (11 May 2005), lot 466; Tkalec (29 February 2000), lot 234.

Nero Claudius Drusus was the second son of Livia by her first husband, Tiberius Claudius Nero. Indeed, Livia was pregnant with Drusus when she was courted by Augustus, whom she married on January 17, 38 BC, three days after giving birth. The boy was thus brought up in the household of Augustus, who took note of his abilities and fast-tracked his advancement in military and civil affairs. In 16 BC, he was married to Antonia, daughter of Mark Antony and Octavia, and the happy union produced two sons, Germanicus and the future emperor Claudius.

In 12 BC, Augustus gave him command of the planned conquest of Germany, which he seemed to have achieved in four skillfully waged campaigns over the next three years. His letters written during this time (later excerpted by Suetonius) indicated he hoped for a restoration of the Republic, an attitude which might have strained relations with Augustus. But Drusus never returned to Rome, for a serious equestrian accident led to an infection which claimed his life in the summer of 9 BC. Despite his republican leanings, his brother Tiberius and son Claudius both became Roman emperors, the latter of whom struck this coin honoring his illustrious father in 42 BC.

493100

496934 493100. Claudius. AD 41-54. Fourrée Denarius (18.5mm, 2.82 g, 7h). Roman-British imitation. Copying a Rome mint issue of AD 46-47. TI CLAVD CAESAR AVG P M TR P VI IMP XI, laureate head right / SPQR/ P • P/ OB CS in three lines within wreath. North Suffolk 20-32 (dies C/3); cf. RIC I 41; cf. von Kaenel type 26; cf. RSC 87; cf. BMCRE 45-7; cf. BN 59. EF, lightly toned, plating almost completely intact. An exceptional example. $1750 496934. Claudius. AD 41-54. AR Denarius (18mm, 3.74 g, 5h). Lugdunum (Lyon) mint. Struck AD 46-47. TI CLAVD CAESAR • AVG • P M • TR • P • VI IMP • XI, laureate head right / PACI ΛVGVSTΛE, Pax-Nemesis, winged, draped, advancing right, with right hand she pulls out a fold of her robe below the neck, holding in left hand a winged caduceus pointed downward at a snake gliding right with head erect. RIC I 39 (Rome); von Kaenel Type 24 (unlisted dies); Lyon 47 (unlisted dies); RSC 58; BMCRE 40-1; BN 51. EF, lightly toned. Crisply struck from dies of exceptional style showing an idealized portrait of Claudius. $12,000 39

Outstanding Claudius Portrait

498091. Claudius. AD 41-54. AR Cistophorus (27mm, 11.45 g, 6h). Ephesus mint. Struck AD 41-42. TI CLAVD CAES · AVG, bare head left / COM ASI across field, distyle temple of Roma and Augustus, enclosing standing facing figures of Claudius, holding scepter in right hand, being crowned by Fortuna, holding wreath in right hand and cornucopia in left; ROM ET AVG on entablature. RIC I 120 (Pergamum); RPC I 2221; RSC 3; BMCRE 228; BN 304-6. Choice EF, deep cabinet toning, small flan flaw on obverse. With a portrait of splendid style. $12,500 Ancient biographers are not kind to Claudius, depicting him as a doddering pedant with uncouth manners, a host of nervous tics, and a murderous paranoia. Suetonius (Claud. 30.1) does offer this, however: “Right personable he was and carried a presence not without authority and majesty, whether he stood or sat... His countenance was lively, his gray hairs beautiful, which became him well, with a good fat and round neck under them.” On this splendid cistophorus, a singularly talented die engraver in Ephesus captured this remarkable image of the “new” emperor, at age 51, in the first year of his reign.

503248. Nero. AD 54-68. Æ Sestertius (36.5mm, 24.37 g, 6h). Lugdunum (Lyon) mint. Struck circa AD 67. IMP NERO CAESAR AVG P MAX TR P P P, laureate head left, globe at point of neck / PACE P R TERRA MARIQ PARTA IANVM CLVSIT, S C across field, Temple of Janus, with latticed windows to left and garland hung across closed double doors to right.

RIC I 584; WCN 481; Lyon 278; BMCRE –; BN –. EF, a lovely hard dark green patina blending to green-brown below the obverse bust. Struck on a broad flan. Rare. $5250

Protection from the Pisonian Conspiracy

498318. Nero. AD 54-68. AV Aureus (19mm, 7.32 g, 6h). Rome mint. Struck circa AD 64-65. NERO CAESAR AVGVSTVS, laureate head right / IVPPITER CVSTOS, Jupiter, bare to waist, with cloak around lower limbs, seated left on throne, holding thunderbolt in right hand and vertical scepter in left. RIC I 52; WCN 25; Calicó 412; BMCRE 67-73; BN 213-19; Biaggi 2256. EF, some surface marks, minor edge bruise. $14,500 Ex Goldberg 25 (31 May 2004), lot 3141.

This reverse type commemorates the protection of Nero from the Pisonian Conspiracy. Events of the years AD 64-65 defined the subsequent reputation of Nero as a cruel and self-indulgent ruler. His “excesses” resulted in a conspiracy to overthrow and replace him with Gaius Calpurnius Piso. Among the conspirators were many high-ranking members of Nero’s court including Seneca the Younger, the poet Lucan, and Petronius, who called himself Nero’s “arbiter of elegance.” To Nero, the failure of a conspiracy made up of those so close to him could have been achieved only through divine intervention. As the king of the Gods oversaw the security of the Roman state, Nero believed it was Jupiter the Guardian (Custos) who had saved him from harm.

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Beautifully Toned Nero

498119. Nero. AD 54-68. AR Denarius (18.5mm, 3.36 g, 6h). Rome mint. Struck circa AD 64-65. NERO CAESAR AVGVSTVS, laureate head right / IVPPITER CVSTOS, Jupiter, naked to the waist, cloak around lower body, seated left on ornate throne, holding thunderbolt in right hand and long scepter in left. RIC I 53; WCN 57; RSC 119; BMCRE 74-6; BN 220-1. Superb EF, attractive golden toning, presenting an appealing reverse cameo effect. A rare large bust Nero denarius with a very complete flan, perfectly centered with no loss of detail. Quite rare as such. $9750 Ex Numismatica Ars Classica 59 (4 April 2011), lot 922.

High Relief Nero Aureus

504217. Nero. AD 54-68. AV Aureus (18.5mm, 7.32 g, 6h). Rome mint. Struck circa AD 65-66. NERO CAESAR AVGVSTVS, laureate head right / Salus seated left on throne, holding patera in extended right hand, resting laft arm at side, SALVS in exergue. RIC I 59; WCN 28; Calicó 443; BMCRE 87-9; BN 225; Biaggi 242-3. EF, light mark on neck, faint scratches in field on reverse. Boldly struck, with a high-relief portrait of fine style. $14,750 For the first two thirds of his reign, Nero’s gold and silver coinage was quite conservative in its choice of types, and showed great deference to the Senate. But in AD 65 came the Pisonian Conspiracy, which irrevocably changed Nero’s attitude toward the Senate and the nature of his own rule. In the year AD 65/6 two new coin types make their first appearance, Jupiter Custos– “Guardian”, and Salus– “Well-Being” (of the emperor). Both confer divine protection on Nero, who had survived the most potent threat to his rule since he succeeded Claudius in AD 54.

The conspiracy got its name from G. Calpurnius Piso, a wealthy and flamboyant senator who was being put forward as an alternative emperor by a cabal of senior military officers and government potentates who feared for their positions and lives under the increasingly erratic Nero.

The plot was discovered, a number of prominent Romans were executed, and others, such as the political philosopher Seneca, the poet Lucan and the satirical writer Petronius were forced to commit suicide. The emperor gave thanks to the gods for his salvation, but his fate was only delayed for a few years.

503494. Nero. AD 54-68. AR Denarius (19.5mm, 3.45 g, 6h). Rome mint. Struck circa AD 65-66. NERO CAESAR AVGVSTVS, laureate head right / VESTA above, hexastyle temple of Vesta with domed roof, on podium of four steps; within, statue of Vesta seated left, holding patera in right hand and long scepter in left. RIC I 62; RSC 335; BMCRE 104-6; BN 230.

EF, attractive cabinet tone, area of slight flatness of strike. $3250 Ex Nomos 14 (17 May 2017), lot 337.

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497709. Galba. AD 68-69. AR Denarius (18mm, 3.36 g, 7h). Tarraco mint. Struck April-circa December AD 68. IMP GALBA, laureate head right, globe at point of bust / ROMA RENASCENS, Roma, helmeted and wearing short military tunic and cloak, advancing right, holding Victory in outstretched right hand and vertical scepter in left in background(?). RIC I 27 var. (Roma with transverse spear); Rodríguez Casanova 443 (this coin, illustrated); CSB 49 var. (same); RSC 209 var. (same); BMCRE 184 var. (same); BN 15 var. (same). Near EF, attractive old collection toning. $7500 Ex Vico 129 (7 June 2012), lot 207; 1953 Casal de Friume (Friume Castle) Hoard (CHRE 6243 and 12869).

Most other recorded varieties of this rare type feature Roma clearly holding a transverse spear over her far shoulder. This feature is completely lacking here, and the sharp relief of all other details indicates this is not due to a weak strike. But, there is a vertical, engraved mark above the helmet, which may indicate a vertical spear, of which only the top portion is visible. Cf. BN pl. III, 13 and pl. IV, 16. Though the reverse legend has a different placement on these two coins than this coin, there is clearly no transverse scepter on either the first coin, an aureus, or on the second, a denarius. The present coin may have been struck with aureus dies, thus accounting for the dies of artistic merit.

Ex Henry Platt Hall Collection – Finest of Four Known Published in Kraay’s Aes Coinage of Galba

489992. Galba. AD 68-69. Æ Sestertius (35mm, 25.89 g, 6h). Rome mint, 2nd officina. July AD 68 - January AD 69. IMP SER GALBA CAES • AVG PON M TR P, laureate head right / CO NCORD AVG, S C across field, Concordia, draped, seated left, holding branch in right hand and transverse scepter cradled in left arm. RIC I 343; ACG 91a (A7/P9 – this coin, illustrated); BMCRE p. 318, note * (this coin referenced); BN 167 (same dies). Good VF, even brown patina, a few areas of minor roughness, flan crack. Bold portrait. Extremely rare, with only two other examples in CoinArchives. The finest of four published. $9750 Ex Schweizerischer Bankverein 28 (17 September 1991), lot 453; Henry Platt Hall Collection (Part II, Glendining, 16 November 1950), lot 1113; Egger (20 April 1904), lot 40.

498319. Vitellius. AD 69. AV Aureus (18mm, 7.31 g, 6h). Lugdunum (Lyon) mint. Struck circa March-July. [A V]ITELLIVS GER IMP AVG P MAX TR P, laureate head right, [globe at point of neck] / VESTA P R QVIRITIVM, Vesta, veiled, draped, seated left on throne, holding patera in right hand and torch in left. Cf. RIC I 65 (Denarius); cf. Lyon 13 (Denarius); Calicó 575a (same coin as illustration); cf. BMCRE 123 (Denarius); BN –; Biaggi –. Near EF, underlying luster, a couple of small scratches, irregular flan, as made. Very rare. $39,500 Ex F. Martin Post Collection (Freeman & Sear 13, 25 August 2006), lot 438.

42

498320. Vespasian. AD 69-79. AV Aureus (19mm, 7.28 g, 6h). Rome mint. Struck January-June AD 71. IMP CAES VE SP AVG P M, laureate head right / TRI PO T II COS III P P, Pax, draped, seated left, holding olive branch in extended right hand and winged caduceus in left. RIC II 40; Calicó 688b (same coin as illustration); BMCRE 60 var. (breaks in legends); BN 42-3 var. (break in rev. legend); Biaggi –. Near EF, underlying luster. $12,500 Ex Classical Numismatic Group 67 (22 September 2004), lot 1354; Triton VI (14 January 2003), lot 833.

503470. Vespasian. AD 69-79. AV Aureus (19mm, 7.08 g, 6h). Rome mint. Struck AD 72-73. IMP CAES VESP AV G P M COS IIII, laureate head right / VIC AVG across field, Victory, draped, wings pointed upward, standing right on globe, holding wreath in extended right hand and palm frond over left shoulder in left. RIC II 361; Calicó 699a; BMCRE 72-3; BN 57-8; Biaggi 345 var. (break in obv. legend). In NGC encapsulation, 4277927-002, graded XF, Strike: 5/5, Surface: 4/5. $10,000 Ex Heritage 3048 (11 August 2016), lot 32090.

503249. Vespasian. AD 69-79. AR Denarius (18.5mm, 3.41 g, 6h). Rome mint. Struck AD 76. IMP CAESAR • VESPASIANV S AVG, laureate head right / IOVIS CVSTOS, Jupiter Custos, bearded, naked, standing facing, holding vertical scepter in left hand and sacrificing out of patera in right hand over low garlanded and lighted altar to left. RIC II 849; RSC 222; BMCRE 276-8; BN 249. EF, lustrous. Well centered on a round flan. $1875 Ex Goldberg 80 (3 June 2014), lot 3132; Classical Numismatic Group 61 (25 September 2002), lot 1684.

498321. Vespasian. AD 69-79. AV Aureus (19mm, 7.30 g, 6h). Rome mint. Struck AD 77-78. CΛESΛR VESPΛSIΛNVS ΛVG, laureate head right / ΛNNONΛ ΛVG, Annona, draped, seated left on throne, adorned with grain ears, feet on footstool, holding on her lap a sack of corn ears open, the ties, looped at one end, in her hands. RIC II 963; Calicó 590; BMCRE 290-4; BN 256-7; Biaggi 298. Near EF, underlying luster. $16,500 Ex Freeman & Sear 11 (23 November 2004), lot 302.

43

498323. Titus. As Caesar, AD 69-79. AV Aureus (20.5mm, 7.27 g, 7h). Rome mint. Struck under Vespasian, AD 76. T CAESAR IMP VESPASIAN, laureate head right / COS V above, heifer standing left. RIC II 859 (Vespasian); Calicó 736; BMCRE 190 (Vespasian); BN –; Biaggi –. EF, lustrous. Rare with heifer left. $24,500 Ex F. Martin Post Collection (Freeman & Sear 13, 25 August 2006), lot 456.

503495. Julia Titi. Augusta, AD 79-90/1. AR Denarius (18mm, 3.54 g, 6h). Rome mint. Struck under Titus, AD 80-81.

IVLIA AVGVSTA TITI AVGVSTI F •, draped bust right, wearing stephane, hair in long plait at back / VENVS AVG, Venus, seen half from behind, naked to the hips, standing right, right knee bent, resting left elbow on column, holding helmet up in right hand and transverse spear in left. RIC II 386 (Titus); RSC 13; BMCRE p. 247, note (Titus); BN 105 (Titus). EF, attractive cabinet tone. Rare. $4250

495754. Nerva. AD 96-98. AR Denarius (18mm, 3.70 g, 6h). Rome mint. Struck AD 96. IMP NERVΛ • CΛES • ΛVG • P • M • TR • P • COS • II • P • P •, laureate head right / IVSTITIΛ ΛVGVST, Justitia, draped, seated right on low-backed chair, feet on footstool, holding long vertical scepter in right hand and branch in extended left. RIC II 6; RSC 99; BMCRE 13-4; BN 9. Near EF, attractive iridescent toning. $1200 Ex Classical Numismatic Group Electronic Auction 353 (17 June 2015), lot 457; New York Sale XIV (10 January 2007), lot 272.

503496. Trajan. AD 98-117. Æ As (27mm, 11.82 g, 7h). Rome mint. Struck circa AD 104/5-107. IMP CAES NERVAE TRAIANO AVG GER DAC P M TR P COS V P P, laureate bust right, slight drapery / S P Q R OPTIMO PRINCIPI, elaborately decorated oval shield set over an oblong shield, spears, a curved sword, and vexillum; S C in exergue. RIC II 584; Woytek 198bB; Strack 380; BMCRE 951; BN 239. EF, attractive green patina. Well struck. $4250 Ex Nomos 11 (9 October 2015), lot 173; Roma 9 (23 March 2015), lot 655; Numismatica Ars Classica 78 (26 May 2014), lot 921.

This splendid piece commemorates Trajan’s victories over the Dacians. It depicts a pile of arms of the types that the Dacians used, and which the Romans captured.

44

503250. Trajan. AD 98-117. AR Denarius (18.5mm, 3.28 g, 7h). Rome mint. Struck circa mid AD 107-108. IMP TRAIANO AVG GER DAC P M TR P, laureate bust right, slight drapery / COS V P P S P Q R OPTIMO PRINC, Mars, in military attire, advancing left, holding crowning Victory in extended right hand, trophy in left. RIC II 114; Woytek 265b; Strack 124; RSC 63; BMCRE 265–70; BN –. EF, nice light toning. Well struck. $875

Woytek Plate Coin

489996. Trajan. AD 98-117. Æ Sestertius (34mm, 25.18 g, 6h). Rome mint. Struck circa AD 107-108. IMP CAES NERVAE TRAIANO AVG GER DAC P M TR P COS V P P, laureate bust right, slight drapery / S • P • Q • R • OPTIMO PRINCIPI, front view of octastyle temple on podium of three steps: togate figure standing in the center of the columns; in pediment, seated figure between reclining figures; on roof, five standing figures; S C in exergue. RIC II 575; Woytek 302bD (this coin referenced and illustrated); Strack 392; Banti 290; BMCRE 859-62; BN 312. Near EF, attractive natural green patina, gently smoothed in isolated areas. A handsome architectural type. $4500 Ex Lanz 109 (27 May 2002), lot 403.

The Via Traiana

489997. Trajan. AD 98-117. Æ Sestertius (32mm, 25.39 g, 6h). Rome mint. Struck circa AD 112/3-114. IMP CAES NERVAE TRAIANO AVG GER DAC P M TR P COS VI P P, laureate bust right, slight drapery / S · P · Q · R · OPTIMO PRINCIPI, Via Traiana reclining left, head right, resting elbow on rock, holding wheel balanced on knee with right hand, cradling branch in left arm; VIA TRAIANA in exergue. RIC II 636 var. (bust type); Woytek 476b; Strack 426; Banti 347; BMCRE 988 var. (same); BN 710 var. (same); Hunter 359. Good VF, olive green patina on the obverse with a green brown patina on the reverse.

Minor deposits of verdigris. A very attractive example in hand. $3500 The Via Traiana, constructed at Trajan’s own expense between AD 109 and 113, replaced the Via Appia as the usual route between Brindisium to Beneventum, serving as an important link between Rome and the East.

503257. Hadrian. AD 117-138. AR Denarius (19mm, 3.39 g, 6h). Rome mint. Struck circa AD 119-125. IMP CAESAR TRAIAN HADRIANVS AVG, laureate head right / P M TR P COS III, Clementia standing left, sacrificing over altar to left from patera held in her extended right hand, left hand holding scepter, left elbow propped on column. RIC II 117a; Strack 60; RSC 213; BMCRE 252. Choice EF, beautifully toned. An outstanding example, perfectly centered and struck. $1750 45

Exceptional Sabina

497690. Sabina. Augusta, AD 128-136/7. AR Denarius (18.5mm, 3.52 g, 6h). Rome mint. Struck under Hadrian, circa AD 134-136. SABINA AVGVSTA, diademed and draped bust right, wearing fillet, hair in queue down neck / VENERI GENETRICI, Venus standing right, drawing out fold of drapery from her shoulder and holding an apple. RIC II 396 (Hadrian); Strack 380; RSC 73; BMCRE 944 (Hadrian). Superb EF, lightly toned, with lustrous fields. $5250 Ex Numismatica Ars Classica 80 (20 October 2014), lot 95; Aureo & Calico 252 (28 May 2013), lot 53.

Personified Tiber

490005. Antoninus Pius. AD 138-161. Æ Sestertius (34mm, 27.34 g, 12h). Rome mint. Struck circa AD 141-143.

ANTONINVS AVG PI VS P P TR P COS III, laureate head right / TIBERIS, Tiber reclining left on overturned urn from which water flows, right hand resting on boat, cradling reed in left arm; S C in exergue. RIC III 642a; Banti 414. Near EF, attractive brown-green patina. $3500 Ex Gorny & Mosch 129 (8 March 2004), lot 323 (realized € 3500).

Paralleling the celebration of the Ludi Saeculares under Claudius in AD 48, many issues of Antoninus Pius honor the upcoming 900th anniversary of Rome’s founding in AD 148. Motifs such as the personified River Tiber (seen here), the she-wolf suckling the twins, Romulus and Remus, and the affair of Mars with Rhea Silvia are rich in Roman mythology, serving to honor Rome’s fabled past.

497703. Antoninus Pius. AD 138-161. Æ Sestertius (32.5mm, 27.84 g, 6h). Rome mint. Struck AD 153-154. ANTONINVS AVG PI VS P P TR P XVII, laureate head right / INDVLGENTI A AVG COS IIII, Indulgentia seated left, extending right hand and cradling scepter in left arm; S C in exergue. RIC III 914; Banti 182; BMCRE 1939. EF, lovely deep green patina. Struck from fresh dies. $4750

46

498121

489966

498124

Pristine Faustina Senior Aureus 498121. Diva Faustina Senior. Died AD 140/1. AV Aureus (20mm, 7.31 g, 6h). Rome mint. Struck under Antoninus Pius, circa AD 146-151. DIVA FAV-STINA ·, draped bust right, with hair in tight coil atop head and bound in pearls / AETER-NITAS, Fortuna standing facing, head left, holding patera in extended right hand, left hand holding rudder set on globe. RIC III 349a(a) (Pius); Beckmann dies df42/AC31; Calicó 1743a var. (obv. legend break, same rev. die as illustration); BMCRE 368 (same dies); Biaggi 799. Superb EF, fully lustrous. Boldly struck from fresh dies. An essentially perfect specimen in sculptural high relief. $17,500

Lovely Faustina Junior Aureus 489966. Faustina Junior. Augusta, AD 147-175. AV Aureus (20mm, 7.31 g, 6h). Rome mint. Struck under Antoninus Pius, circa AD 147-152. FAVSTINA AVG ANTONINI AVG PII FIL, draped bust right / CONCOR-DIA, Concordia standing facing, head left, holding hem of skirt in right hand, cornucopia in left. RIC III 500a (Pius) var. (obv. legend); Calicó 2043 var.

(Concordia looking right); BMCRE 1078 note (Pius); Biaggi 918 var. (obv. legend). Choice EF. Well centered, and struck in high relief. Fine style. $22,500 Ex Numismatica Ars Classica 92 (Part I, 23 May 2016), lot 598.

498124. Septimius Severus, with Caracalla and Geta as Caesar. AD 193-211. AV Aureus (19mm, 7.08 g, 12h). Rome mint.

Struck AD 210-211. SEVERVS PIVS AVG BRIT, laureate head right / CONCORDIA AVGVSTORVM, Caracalla, laureate and togate, standing left and facing Geta, bareheaded and togate, who is standing right; both holding between them, Victory standing facing on globe, holding wreath and palm frond. RIC IV 330A; Calicó 2436 (same dies as illustration); BMCRE 50*; Biaggi 1064 var. (obv. legend). Choice EF, lustrous. Very rare type with BRIT in the obverse legend. $32,500 Ex Triton XXI (9 January 2018), lot 788.

47

498324. Caracalla. AD 198-217. AV Aureus (21mm, 7.23 g, 6h). Rome mint. Struck AD 211. ANTONINVS PIVS AVG BRIT, laureate head right, slight drapery / P M TR P XIIII COS III P P, Caracalla (as Virtus) standing left, cradling parazonium in right arm, left hand holding reversed spear set on ground, right foot on leg of captive seated right below. RIC IV –; Calicó 2714 (same dies as illustration = Triton VI, lot 1012); BMCRE –; Biaggi –; NAC 99, lot 24 (same dies). EF, underlying luster, scratch in field on obverse. Extremely rare. $27,500 Ex Freeman & Sear inventory R4269 (May 2004).

503497. Orbiana. Augusta, AD 225-227. AR Denarius (21mm, 2.70 g, 12h). Rome mint. Special marriage emission of Severus Alexander, AD 225. SALL BARBIA ORBIANA AVG, draped bust right, wearing stephane / CONCORDI AVGG, Concordia seated left on throne, holding patera in right hand and cradling double cornucopia in left arm. RIC IV 319; RSC 1; BMCRE 287-90. EF, lightly toned with much underlying luster. Perfectly centered on an unusually broad flan. $2250 Ex Nomos 14 (17 May 2017), lot 403; Lanz 62 (26 November 1992), lot 773.

497706. Maximinus I. AD 235-238. Æ Sestertius (32mm, 18.70 g, 11h). Rome mint. 3rd emission, late AD 236-237.

MAXIMINVS PIVS AVG GERM, laureate, draped, and cuirassed bust right / FIDES MILITVM, Fides standing left, holding signum in each hand; S C across field. RIC IV 78; BMCRE 139; Banti 4. EF, dark green-brown patina. Well centered on a broad flan, with an attractive late portrait and full detail on the figure of Fides. $2950 Ex Numismatica Ars Classica 52 (7 October 2009), lot 535 (hammer 2000 SFr).

48

Gordian I and Gordian II Denarii

496937

496938

496937. Gordian I. AD 238. AR Denarius (19mm, 2.75 g, 6h). Rome mint. Struck 1-22 April AD 238. IMP M ANT GORDIANVS AFR AVG, laureate, draped, and cuirassed bust right / P M T R P COS P P, Gordian I, togate, standing left, holding up branch in right hand and wearing parazonium. RIC IV 1; BMCRE 1–3; RSC 2. EF, lightly toned with a matte finish.

Rare. $5750 Ex Douglas O. Rosenberg Collection, purchased from Harlan J. Berk, 1 September 1990.

496938. Gordian II. AD 238. AR Denarius (20mm, 2.53 g, 6h). Rome mint. Struck 1-22 April AD 238. IMP M ANT GORDIANVS AFR AVG, laureate, draped, and cuirassed bust right / PROVIDENTIA AVGG, Providentia, draped, standing left, legs crossed, holding wand over globe set on ground to left and cradling cornucopia in left arm and leaning on column.

RIC IV 1; BMCRE 19-20; RSC 5. Near EF, lovely old cabinet toning. Rare. $4250 Ex Douglas O. Rosenberg Collection; Classical Numismatic Review XVI.2 (Second Quarter 1991), no 165 and back cover; Ceresio 1 (26 September 1987), lot 306.

497699. Balbinus. AD 238. Æ Sestertius (32mm, 18.32 g, 12h). Rome mint. 1st emission. IMP CAES D CAEL BALBINVS AVG, laureate, draped, and cuirassed bust right / P M TR P COS II P P, Balbinus standing left, holding olive branch and parazonium; S C across field. RIC IV 16; BMCRE 28; Banti 7. VF, attractive light green patina. Well centered on a broad flan. $2450

49

496940. Gordian III. AD 238-244. AV Aureus (19.5mm, 4.74 g, 12h). Rome mint, 3rd officina. 2nd emission, early AD 239. IMP CAES M ANT GORDIANVS AVG, laureate, draped, and cuirassed bust right / P M TR P II COS P P, Pax standing left, holding branch in extended right hand and scepter in left. RIC IV 22; Calicó 3215; Biaggi –. EF, underlying luster. Rare. $5750 Ex Rauch MBS 11 (12 September 2006), lot 977.

503498. Tacitus. AD 275-276. Antoninianus (23mm, 4.56 g, 6h). Rome mint. Struck circa January-June 276. IMP C M CL TACITVS AVG, radiate, draped, and cuirassed bust right / VBERTAS AVG, Uberitas standing left, holding purse in right hand, cradling cornucopia in left arm; XXIЄ. RIC V 95; RIC Online 3557; BN 1622; Venera 869–99. EF, Beautiful old cabinet toning with a couple tiny deposits on obverse. $250 Ex Obolos 5 (26 June 2016), lot 781.

503499. Probus. AD 276-282. Off metal (bronze) test strike for an Aureus (22mm, 3.51 g, 5h). Rome or Ticinum mint. IMP C M AVR PROBVS AVG, laureate and cuirassed bust left / CONSE-R-VAT AVG, Sol standing facing, head left, raising right hand and holding globe in left. Unpublished as a test strike, but for the gold aurei: cf. RIC V 308; cf. Pink VI/1 p. 62; cf. Calicó 4152a. Near EF, traces of silvering, hairline flan crack. $6000 Ex Nomos 15 (22 October 2017), lot 282; Nomos 11 (9 October 2015), lot 208.

498325. Constantine I. AD 307/310-337. AV Solidus (19mm, 4.38 g, 6h). Ticinum mint. Struck AD 320. CONSTANTINVS P F AVG, laureate head right / CONCORD-I-A AVGG NN, Concordia seated left, holding caduceus in right hand, cradling cornucopia in left arm; SMT. RIC VII 101; Depeyrot 17/1; Biaggi –. EF, underlying luster, a few minor marks.

Rare. $14,500 50

498123. Constantine II. AD 337-340. AV Solidus (21mm, 4.42 g, 12h). Thessalonica mint. Struck AD 337-340.

CONSTANTI-NVS P F AVG, laurel and rosette diademed, draped, and cuirassed bust right / VICTORIA DD NN AVG, Victory advancing left, holding trophy-on-spear in right hand and cradling palm frond in left arm; TSЄ. RIC VIII 2; Depeyrot 1/1; Biaggi 2099. Near EF. Well centered on a broad flan. Strong portrait. Rare. $5750

500580. Constantius II. AD 337-361. AR Siliqua (20mm, 3.20 g, 12h). Antioch mint. Struck AD 337-347. Pearl-diademed head right, with eyes raised to heaven / VOTIS/XV/MVLTIS/XX in four lines within laurel wreath; ANT. RIC VIII 35; RSC 338A. Superb EF, toned, die polishing marks on reverse. Exceptional detail and style. $3250

489969. Leo II and Zeno. AD 474. AV Solidus (20mm, 4.47 g, 6h). Constantinople mint. D N LEO ET Z-ENO P P AVG, pearl-diademed, helmeted, and cuirassed bust facing slightly right, holding spear and shield / SALVS REI PVBLICAE, Leo and Zeno seated facing on double throne, each holding mappa; star and cross above; CONOB. RIC X 803; Depeyrot 98/1; Biaggi –. Choice EF, lustrous, faint graffiti in field on obverse. Rare. $5500 Ex Numismatica Ars Classica 84 (20 May 2015), lot 1311.

BYZANTINE COINAGE Ravenna Mint Justinian

503624. Justinian I. 527-565. AV Solidus (21mm, 4.46 g, 6h). Ravenna mint, 6th officina. Struck 552-565. D N IVSTINI ANVS P P AVC, helmeted and cuirassed facing bust, holding globus cruciger in right hand, shield over left shoulder / VICTOR IA AVCCC, angel standing facing, holding long staff surmounted by christogram in right hand and globus cruciger in left; star in right field; S//CONOB. DOC (333b); MIBE 375 = Monte Judica Hoard 68 (same dies); Ranieri 321 (same dies as illustration); SB 312. EF, hint of deposits in devices, a few minor hairlines. Well struck on a broad flan. $2975 Ravenna, the fifth century capital of the Western Roman Empire, passed under the control of Odovacer in AD 476 and was captured by Theodoric the Ostrogoth a decade later, becoming the capital of the Ostrogothic Kingdom. During the Gothic Wars, Justinian I’s great general Belisarius recaptured the city for the Empire in AD 540, employing the ruse that he accepted a Gothic invitation to have himself proclaimed Emperor of the West. Once occupying the city, Belisarius renounced all claim to the title and handed Ravenna over to Justinian, who commenced striking coins in his name at the city’s long-established mint. Ravenna remained the Byzantine capital of Italy until it finally fell to the Lombards in AD 751.

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A New Addition to the Kyrenia Girdle

500729. Maurice Tiberius. 582-602. AV mounted solidus (37x26mm, 10.67 g, 6h). Constantinople mint. Struck 583 or 602.

D N M[AVRC] TIЬ P P AVC, emperor enthroned facing, wearing consular robes, holding mappa in raised right hand and cross in left / VICTORI-A AVCC S, Victory standing facing, holding staff surmounted by staurogram in right hand and globus cruciger in left; in exergue, CONOB. DOC 2 var. (unlisted officina); MIBE 2; SB 474 var. (unlisted officina). Circular mount has two raised edges to either side of central groove, and is soldered at 9 o’clock. One ring is attached on the left side of mount, two on the right. Coin VF. Minor impact damage to mount. $POR Ex Alexander White III Collection.

The form of the mount is identical to certain pieces belonging to the so-called Kyrenia Girdle in the Metropolitan Museum of Art (acc. nos.

17.190.147 and 1991.136), and there can be little doubt that the current solidus originally belonged to the belt. The majority of the pieces comprising this girdle were found in the Second Kyrenia Treasure, discovered in 1902 in Kavaros, six miles west of Kyrenia in northern Cyprus, which consisted of exceptional silver plate in addition to ornate gold jewelry.1 John Pierpont Morgan purchased a portion of the hoard, including most of the surviving pieces of the girdle, in 1906 and donated them to the Metropolitan Museum in 1917.2 An extremely rare joint-reign solidus of Justin II and Tiberius II in the Cyprus Museum, Nicosia, also belongs to the girdle3, while another solidus of Maurice was acquired by the Metropolitan Museum in 1991 (1991.136).

Photo of the Kyrenia Girdle in the Metropolitan Museum of Art (acc. nos. 17.190.147 and 1991.136).

The known pieces of the girdle, including the mounted solidus in the possession of CNG, are as follows: Theodosius II (402-450) 1) AV Solidus. D N THEODOSIVS P F AVC, diademed, helmeted, and cuirassed bust of Theodosius facing slightly right, holding spear in right hand and shield in left / IMP XXXXII COS XVII P P, Constantinopolis enthroned left, right foot on prow, holding globus cruciger in right hand and scepter in left; star to right; in exergue, CONOB. [Grierson p. 63, 1].

Justin I and Justinian I (April-August 527) 2) AV Solidus. D N IVSTIN ЄT IVSTINIAN P P AVC, two emperors enthroned facing; in exergue, CONOB / VICTORIA AVCCΓ, angel standing facing, holding long cross in right hand and globus cruciger in left; in right field, star; in exergue, CONOB. [Grierson p. 63-4, 2].

3) AV Solidus. Similar to last, but officina S. [Grierson p. 64, 3].

4) AV Solidus. Similar to last, but officina I. [Grierson p. 64, 4].

Justin II and Tiberius II (September-October 578) 5) AV Solidus. D N IVSTINI ЄT CONSTAN, crowned, cuirassed, and draped busts of two emperors facing; above, cross; in exergue, P P AVC / VICTORIA AVCCCZ, angel standing facing, holding long cross in right hand and globus cruciger in left; in exergue, CONOB. [Grierson p. 64, 5].

Maurice Tiberius (582-602) 6) AV Medallion of 6 Solidi. D N MAVRIC TIЬЄR P P AVC, crowned bust of emperor facing, wearing consular robes, holding mappa in right hand and eagle-tipped scepter in left / D N MAVRI TIЬ P P AV, emperor standing facing in quadriga, nimbate and wearing crown and military attire, raising his right hand and holding globus surmounted by crowning Victory in left; in left field, Christogram; in right field, star; in exergue, CONOB. [Grierson p. 58].

52

7-9) From the same dies as last.

10) AV Solidus. D N MAVRC TIЬ P P AVC, emperor enthroned facing, wearing crown and consular robes, holding mappa in right hand and globus cruciger in left / VICTORIA AVCCA, angel standing facing, holding long staff surmounted by staurogram in right hand and globus cruciger in left; in exergue, CONOB. [Grierson p. 65, 6].

11) Similar to last. [Grierson p. 65, 7].

12) Similar to last, but officina Δ. [Grierson p. 65, 10].

13) Similar to last, but officina S. [This piece].

14) Similar to last, but officina H. [Grierson p. 65, 8].

15) Similar to last. [Grierson p. 65, 9].

16) Similar to last, but officina Z. [Grierson p. 65, 11].

17) Similar to last, but officina Θ. [Metropolitan Museum 1991.136].

18) Similar to last, but officina I. [Grierson p. 65, 12].

19) Similar to last, but officina indistinct. [Grierson p. 65, 13].

A terminus post quem for the girdle hinges on the dating of the consular issues of Maurice Tiberius, which could have been struck on the occasion of his first consulship in January of 583 or his second in January of 602. Grierson at first dated the consular medallions and solidi to 6024, but later revised the date to 583 based on the stylistic similarities of the girdle’s medallions to the “Epiphany Medallion,” also from the Second Kyrenia Treasure and now in the collection of Dumbarton Oaks. He argued that the Epiphany Medallion would have been presented to a high official on the occasion of the baptism of Maurice’s first-born son and heir Theodosius in 584.5 Alfred Bellinger did not specify if the consular issues were struck in either 583 or 602, finding valid arguments for both dates, but slightly favoring an association with the second consulship for both the medallions and solidi.6 Wolfgang Hahn and Michael Metlich have contended that the abbreviation of the emperor’s name was shortened from MAVRIC TIBER to MAVRC TIB toward the end of the second year of his reign.7 Following this argument, the medallions would date to the assumption of the first consulship in 583, while the solidi date to the second consulship of 602.

Gold medallions of 6 solidi were reserved for officials of extremely high rank, and it has been suggested that the girdle may have belonged to a governor.8 According to Grierson, “There can have been few dignitaries in the empire able to afford a girdle weighing nearly a pound of gold, the equivalent of a quarter of a year’s salary of an average provincial governor.”9 Noting the association of such girdles with baptismal and nuptial ceremonies, Hahn and Metlich’s proposal that the owner of the girdle took part in the wedding of Maurice’s son Theodosius in 601/2 is highly interesting but rather speculative.10 Grierson believed the Second Kyrenia Treasure to have been “…buried in 609/10, when Cyprus and Syria were involved in the revolt of Heraclius against Phocas, or during the Persian invasion of Syria a few years later, which must have resulted in the hurried flight of refugees to places of safety in Cyprus or farther afield.”11 The counterstamps on the silver plate found in the hoard, however, have since been identified as dating from the reign of Heraclius, circa 613-629/30, and the plates themselves were very likely created to celebrate Heraclius’ victory over the Persians in 628.12 A possible date of burial may be 653/4, when Arab forces sacked the nearby town of Lapethos.13 O. M. Dalton, “A second silver treasure from Cyprus,” Archaeologia LX (1906), pp. 1-24.

O. M. Dalton, “Byzantine plate and jewelry from Cyprus in Mr. Morgan’s collection,” Burlington Magazine X (1906-7), pp. 355-62.

3 Philip Grierson, “The Kyrenia Girdle of Byzantine medallions and solidi,” Numismatic Chronicle XV (1955), pp. 64-5, pl. VIII, 5.

4 Grierson, “Kyrenia Girdle,” p. 70.

5 Grierson, “The date of the Dumbarton Oaks Epiphany Medallion,” Dumbarton Oaks Papers 15 (1961), pp. 221-4. See also Marvin C. Ross, “A Byzantine gold medallion at Dumbarton Oaks,” Dumarton Oaks Papers 11 (1957), pp. 247-61.

6 Alfred Bellinger, Catalogue of the Byzantine coins in the Dumbarton Oaks Collection and in the Whitttemore Collection (Washington D.C.: Dumbarton Oaks, 1966), p. 294, notes (I) and 2.

7 Wolfgang Hahn and Michael Metlich, Money of the incipient Byzantine Empire: Justin II – Revolt of the Heraclii, 565-610 (Wien: Universität Wien, 2009), p. 44.

8 Grierson, “Kyrenia Girdle,” p. 69; Kurt Weitzmann, ed., Age of spirituality: late antique and early Christian art, third to seventh century (New York: Metropolitan Museum of Art, 1979), p. 72.

9 Grierson, “Kyrenia Girdle,” p. 69.

10 Hahn and Metlich, Money, p. 44, note 96.

11 Grierson, “Kyrenia Girdle,” p. 70.

12 Helen C. Evans, “Heraclius,” Byzantium and Islam: Age of Transition (New York: Yale University Press, 2012), pp. 16-7; Steven H. Wander, “The Cyprus plates: the story of David and Goliath,” Metropolitan Museum Journal 8 (1973), p. 103.

13 Grierson, “Kyrenia Girdle,” p. 70; Weitzmann, ed., Age of Spirituality, p. 72.

1

2

53

503471. Constans II, with Constantine IV, Heraclius, and Tiberius. 641-668. AV Solidus (19mm, 4.44 g, 6h).

Constantinople mint, 8th officina. Struck 659-circa 661. ∂ N CONS τANIτ, draped facing busts of Constans wearing long beard and plumed helmet, and Constantine IV, beardless and wearing crown; cross between their heads / VICTORIA AVςЧ, long cross on globus between facing standing figures of Heraclius on left and Tiberius on right, both beardless, each crowned, draped, and holding globus cruciger in right hand; H//CONOB. DOC 28f; MIB 29; SB 962. EF, lustrous, flan flaw on reverse, some graffiti. Well struck. $795 Ex Schweizerische Kreditanstalt FPL 55 (Spring 1991), no. 83.

503472. Constans II, with Constantine IV, Heraclius, and Tiberius. 641-668. AV Solidus (21.5mm, 4.44 g, 6h).

Constantinople mint, 6th officina. Struck circa 663-668. VICTORIA AVςЧ, draped bust of Constans facing, wearing long beard and helmet without cross, holding globus cruciger in right hand; ς / Tiberius, Constantine IV, and Heraclius standing facing, each draped, wearing crown with cross, and holding globus cruciger in right hand; CONOB. DOC 42e; MIB 41; SB 974. EF, toned. Struck on a broad flan. $3250 Ex Nelson Bunker Hunt Collection (Part II, Sotheby’s, 21 June 1990), lot 56.

WORLD COINAGE

498829. AUSTRIA, Salzburg (Fürsterzbistum). Maximilian Gandolf Graf von Kuenburg. 1668-1687. AV Vierteldukat (14mm, 0.87 g, 12h). Dated 1682. MAX : GAND : D’ · G’ · AR : EP : SAL : S : A : L, episcopal coat-of-arms / S RVDBERTVS · EPS · SALISB · 1682, St. Rudebert (Rupert), in episcopal regalia, enthroned facing slightly left, holding salt cellar and crozier; below, ¼ (mark of value) in oval frame. Probszt 1647; Popken, Salzburg 1113 var. (date); Friedberg 817. Superb EF, lustrous, hint of die rust. $595

498827. FRANCE, Royal. Charles V le Sage (the Wise). 1364-1380. AV Franc à pied (30.5mm, 3.79 g, 11h). NjarɨLVs Ḝ Ḝ gʼ ōraNýɨrV Ḝ rĿҞ, king standing facing within Gothic arch flanked by field of fourteen lis, holding sword with Ḝ pommel, and Hand of Justice / ๘ Ҟʁý ᛌ ⎍ƟNýƟͿ Ḝ Ҟʁý ᛌ ʼĿgNaͿ ᛌ Ҟʁý ᛌ ƟƊʁĿʼaͿ, cross tréflée; in center of cross, Ḝ within angled quadrilobe; Ⴀ in first and fourth quarters, ՟ in second and third; all within angled quadrilobe; Ⴀ in spandrels.

Duplessy 360A; Lafaurie –; Ciani –; Friedberg 284. Superb EF, slightly wavy flan. $2450

ዝƟ

54

498832. FRANCE, Royal. Charles VI le Bien-Aimé/le Fol (the Well-Beloved/the Mad). 1380-1422. AV Écu d’or (30mm, 4.01 g, 8h). Rouen mint; mm: pellet below 15th letter. Third emission, 11 September 1389. ๘ Nj_rɨLVs Ḻ dĚƩ Ḻ gr_ýƩ_ Ḻ ōraNýɨrVM Ḻ rĿҞ, crowned coat-of-arms / ๘ Ҟʁ=ý ᛌ ⎍ƟNýƟͿ Ḝ Ҟʁ=ý ᛌ ʼĿgNaͿ ᛌ Ҟʁ=ý ᛌ ƟƊʁĿʼaͿ, cross fleurdelisée et feuillue; ᛌ in center; all within quadrilobe; Ⴀ at end of each arc, ՟ in spandrels. Duplessy 369B; Ciani 487; Friedberg 291. Superb EF, toned. $1750

498812 498902 498812. FRANCE, Provincial. Metz (évêché). Thiéri V de Boppart. 1365-1384. AR Gros (26mm, 3.37 g, 11h). ˶ƌeɨd⍛= Ⴛ eʁS= Ⴛ Me˶˶e= Ⴛ, bishop in episcopal regalia standing facing, raising right hand in benediction, and holding crozier in left / แ ÙƊdƩ⍛˶⎍= ი SƩ˶ Ḽ NɨMĿ= ი dƊƩ= ი NˆƩ= ი Ʃƌ⎍= XʁƩ= ი/ŷˆɨ S⎍S Me ˶e=S=, cross pattée. Robert 1; Boudeau 1641; Roberts –; De Wit 541. EF, deep iridescent toning. $495 498902. FRANCE, Provincial. Metz (évêché). Anonymous issues. 14th-16th centuries. AR Gros (26mm, 2.88 g, 11h). S= Ⴛ S˶eʁƌ= Ⴛ ʁ ˆɨ˶ƌɨ= Ⴛ M= Ⴛ, St. Étienne kneeling left; ẫ to either side; manus Dei above descending right from cloud decorated with Ṅs / ẫ ÙƩƩdƩ⍛˶⎍= ი SƩ˶= ი NɨMĿ= ი dƩƩƩ= ი NˆƩ= ი Ʃƌ⎍= XʁƩ= ი/ŷˆɨ SS⎍ S Ⴛ M e˶e, cross pattée; Ṅs in quarters. Robert 4; Boudeau 1659-60; Roberts 8932. EF, deep iridescent toning.

$465

498811. FRANCE, Provincial. Provence (comté). Luis de Tarante, with Jeanne I de Naples. 1343-1382. AR Demi-gros (22mm, 1.60 g, 2h). ๘ Ḽ L Ḽ Ě˶ Ḽ Ʃ Ḽ Ʃƌ=r Ḽ Ě˶ Ḽ SƩýL= Ḽ rĿX Ḽ, crown set on coat-of-arms of Provence-Sicily / (arms of Provence-Sicily) ýɨȠS Ḽ Ě˶ Ḽ ýɩƩ˶S­­­£­ი ʐVƩýƩe, Jerusalem cross. Rolland 76a/76 (obv./rev.); Duplessy, Féodales, 1664; Poey d’Avant 4033. EF, attractively toned. $595

498828. ITALY, Genova. The Biennial Doges. 1528-1797. AR Lira (23mm, 4.15 g, 12h). Third phase. Dated 1794. DUX · ET · GUB REIP · GENU · , coat-of-arms with griffin supporters, all set on ornate entablature; L · 1 (mark of value) below / NON · SURREXIT · MAJOR · 1794 ·, St. John the Baptist standing left. holding long cross and raising hand in benediction.

CNI III 8; MIR 324a/1; KM 211a. Superb EF, toned. $365 55

498830. ITALY, Toscana (Granducato). Cosimo III de Medici. 1670-1723. AR Tollero (42mm, 27.27 g, 6h). Livorno (Leghorn) mint. Dated 1704/3. COSMVS · III · D · G · MAG · DVX · ETRVRIAE · VI, crowned and cuirassed bust right; ḣ 1704/3 ḣ below bust / ḣ ET FAVET ḣ ET PATET, view of Livorno Harbor. Cf. CNI XI 75 (overdate unlisted); cf. MIR 64/19 (same); cf. Davenport 1498 (same). Superb EF, blue iridescence, light hairlines. $3950

498831. ITALY, Regno d’Italia (Napoleonic). Napoleon I. 1805-1814. AR 15 Soldi (22mm, 3.76 g, 6h). Milano (Milan) mint; differenti: pomegranate and inverted cup. Dated 1814 M. NAPOLEONE IMPERATORE E RE, head right; 1814 below / REGNO D’ITALIA, crown; 15. SOLDI (value) and M (mintmark) below. Edge: incuse ᛌs. CNI V 119; MIR 493/3; Crippa 33/I; Pagani 51. Superb EF, light iridescent toning, hint of circulation marks, underlying luster. $695

503473. MALTA, Knights of Rhodes (Knights Hospitallers). Fabrizio del Carretto. 1513-1521. AV Ducat (23mm, 3.50 g, 2h). ⌽/·/Ʃ/⌴/©/N/N/Ʃ ș/ś/Ⴖ ś · ś©ÙˊƩýƩƩ · d · ý©, St. Mark standing right and Doge kneeling left, holding banner decorated with cros between them / ·⌽Ʃ˶ · ˶ · ҟPĚ d©˶ · ⌴˶ · ˊĚŷƩ⌽ · Ʃ⌽˶Ě · dVý, Christ standing facing within mandorla containing nine stars; pellet below feet. Schlumberger pl. XI, 14 var. (legends); Gamberini 386 var. (same); Ives pl. IX, Type E var, (same); CCS p. 532, 58 var. (same); Friedberg 11 var. (same); Triton XI, lot 1326 (same dies). EF, lightly toned. $1500

503444. RUSSIA, Empire. Ekaterina II Velikaya (the Great). 1762-1796. CU 5 Kopeks (43mm, 41.39 g, 12h). Suzun (Kolyvan) mint. Dated 1781 KM. Crowned script IЄ II monogram within laurel and palm wreath; crown above; date across field / Crowned double-headed imperial eagle facing with wings displayed, holding scepter and orb, coat-of-arms of Moskva framed by Order of St. Andrei Первозванного (the First Called) on breast; crown above; к м flanking tail; ПЯТЬ КОПҌEKЪ (value) on banner below. Edge: /////. Diakov 428; Bitkin 681; cf. Uzdenikov 2753; Brekke 242. EF, brown surfaces, underlying red, minor hairline die crack on obverse. Exceptional example for issue. $750 56

BRITISH COINAGE

502963. CELTIC, Trinovantes & Catuvellauni. Uninscribed. Circa 100-40 BC. AV Stater (15.5mm, 5.36 g, 3h). Middle Whaddon Chase (Trinovantian E) type. Head of Apollo right, devolved to wreath in cross shape / Horse leaping right; wheel below, winged object above; pellets around. Van Arsdell 1487-1; ABC 2442; SCBC 32. Good VF, lightly toned. $1250

503455. ANGLO-SAXON, Secondary Sceattas. Circa 735-745. AR Sceatt (13mm, 0.85 g). Series S, type 47. Mint in Essex. Female centaur standing left, torso facing, holding palm frond in each hand / Four wolves’ heads in clockwise circle, tongues forming whorl. Abramson 68.40; cf. SCBI 69 (Abramson), 770-5; SCBC 814. Near EF, toned, slightly off center.

Excellent metal for this issue. Rare thus. $1650

504174. ANGLO-SAXON, Kings of East Anglia. Æthelstan I. Circa 827-845. AR Penny (20mm, 1.27 g, 7h). Portrait type.

Mint in East Anglia (Ipswich?); Monna, moneyer. Struck circa 827-830. ม ⌓Ă⌓lӲ΂¥H ˌ⌓ҟ, diademed and draped bust right / ม ȮɭHH ȮɭH⌓/T¥, cross-crosslet. Naismith E31.2; EMC 2017.0124 (this coin); SCBI –; BMC –; North 436; SCBC 948.

Good VF, toned. Struck on a broad flan. Very rare. The finest of only two examples in private hands (the Williams specimen auctioned by Spink in March 2018 hammered for £32,000 [= $45,000]). $21,500 Found Chilbolton, Hampshire, 2017.

503602. ANGLO-SAXON, Kings of All England. Harold I Harefoot. 1035-1040. AR Penny (18mm, 1.11 g, 5h). Fleurde-Lis type (BMC v, Hild. B). York mint; Authunn, moneyer. Struck circa 1038-1040. ม ዡ©ያ ɭ⌦ዝ ያዞù, diademed bust left; shield and scepter before / ม ɭTƩwḦ ɭn ዞ ɭዟዞ, voided long cross; pellet in circle in center, fleur-de-lis (flanked by pellets) in angles. SCBI 40 (Stockholm), 1526 = Hild. 192 (same dies); North 803; SCBC 1165. Near EF. $2350

57

503603. TUDOR. Philip & Mary. 1554-1558. AR Penny (15mm, 0.45 g, 1h). London (Tower) mint; mm: lis. Ⴀ P · Z · M · D · G · ROSA · SINE · SPIN, crowned bust of Mary left / Ⴀ CIVI TAS LON DON, royal coat-of-arms set on cross fourchée.

North 1975 var. (obv. legend); SCBC 2510. Good VF, toned, minor flan split. A pleasing example of this rare little portrait coin. $3250 Ex Spink Numismatic Circular XCVII.10 (December 1990), no. 7621.

496942. TUDOR. Elizabeth I. 1558-1603. AR Crown (41mm, 29.47 g, 1h). Seventh issue. Tower (London) mint; im: 1.

Struck 1601. ELIZABETH : D’ · G’ · ANG’ · FRA’ · ET : HIBER’ · REGINA : 1 :, crowned and draped bust (B&C type 9A) left, holding lis-tipped scepter and orb, and wearing elaborate collar / POSVI : DEVM : AD IVTORE M : MEVM : : 1 :, coatof-arms over long cross fourchée. Barr dies C/3; BCW 1-1/1-a2 North 2012; SCBC 2582. VF, lightly toned. $5750 Ex Dr. William E. Triest Collection.

502957. STUART. Charles I. 1625-1649. AV Unite (34mm, 9.03 g, 10h). Group A, Class II. Tower (London) mint; im: lis.

Struck 1625. (lis) CAROLVS : D’ · G’ · MAG’ · BRIT’ · FRA’ · ET : HIB’ · REX, crowned bust 1 left; XX (mark of value) to right / · FLORENT · CONCORDIA · REGNA (lis), crowned coat-of-arms; shield in ornate frame. Schneider, Tower variety 1; Brooker 23 var. (rev. legend; same obv. die); Schneider 114 var. (same); North 2146; SCBC 2685. Good VF, pleasant light toning, a few light marks, slight double strike on obverse. $3450

58

An Outstanding Charles I Half Pound

496943. STUART. Charles I. 1625-1649. AR Half Pound (33mm, 59.88 g, 5h). Declaration type. Oxford mint; im: plume (with bands). Dated 1643. (plume) CAROLVS : D : G : MAGN : BRIT : FRAN : ET : HIB : REX ·, Charles, holding reins with left hand and sword in right, on horseback left, trampling arms below; plume to right / EXVRGAT : DEVS : DISSIPENTVR : INIMICI ·:·, RELIG : PROT : LEG/ANG : LIBER : PAR’ in two lines between parallel lines; three plumes and • X • (mark of value) above, 1643 below. Morrieson, Oxford A/1 (same dies as illustration); Brooker Appendix I, 15 (same dies); North 2404; SCBC 2945A. Good VF, toned, small flan flaw on reverse. Excellent metal and strike. An outstanding example. $12,500 Ex Clearwater Collection (Classical Numismatic Group Electronic Auction 312, 9 October 2013), lot 36; Marshall Collection (Spink 167, 31 March 2004), lot 131; Spink Numismatic Circular L.11 (November 1942), no. 16831.

502958 502959 502958. HANOVER. George III. 1760-1820. AV Guinea (25mm, 8.38 g, 6h). Tower (London) mint. Dated 1782.

GEORGIVS · III DEI · GRATIA ·, laureate fourth bust right / · M · B · F · ET · H · REX · F ·D · B · ET · L · D · S · R · I · A · T · ET · E ·, crowned coat-of-arms; shield in ornate frame; 17 82 (date) flanking crown. Schneider 610; MCE 386; SCBC 3728.

Good VF, attractive red tone, light hairlines. $1350 502959. HANOVER. George III. 1760-1820. AV Guinea (25mm, 8.37 g, 12h). ‘Spade’ type. Tower (London) mint. Dated 1787. GEORGIVS III DEI GRATIA ·, laureate fifth bust right / · M · B · F · ET · H · REX · F ·D · B · ET · L · D · S · R · I · A · T · ET · E ·, crowned spade-shaped coat-of-arms; 1787 (date) in exergue. Schneider 611; MCE 391; SCBC 3729. EF, toned, minor dimple on obverse, traces of underlying luster. $1275

496945. HANOVER. George III. 1760-1820. AR Dollar (39mm, 27.03 g, 11h). Emergency issue. Struck 1799. Oval countermark of George III on a Ciudad de México (Mexico City) mint 8 Reales dated 1795 Mo FM. ESC 129; SCBC 3765A. Countermark EF, toned. Host coin VF. $875 Ex Dr. William E. Triest Collection.

59

502961. HANOVER. George III. 1760-1820. AV Half-Guinea (21.5mm, 4.18 g, 12h). Tower (London) mint. Dated 1808.

GEORGIVS III DEI GRATIA, laureate seventh head right / BRITANNIARUM REX FIDEI DEFENSOR, crowned royal coat-of-arms; shield within Order of the Garter; 18 08 (date) flanking buckle. Schneider 623 var. (date); MCE 444; SCBC 3737. VF, minor haymarking. $500

Ex Herman Selig Collection

502881. HANOVER. George III. 1760-1820. CU Pattern Dollar of Five Shillings and Sixpence (42mm, 32..78 g, 6h). Bank of England issue, Type K/5a. Tower (London) mint. Dated 1811. GEORGIUS III DEI GRATIA REX., laureate and draped bust left; ᚫ · ᚫ on truncation of bust / BANK/TOKEN/5S. 6D./1811 in four lines; all within oak wreath; I · P · below tie. Davis 37; cf. L&S 129-130; ESC 206; SCBC –. UNC, attractively toned with traces of underlying red, insignificant mark on reverse rim. $2650 Ex Spink 157 (15 November 2001), lot 541; Herman Selig Collection (Part II, Spink 131, 2 March 1999), lot 1252; Spink 16 (9 July 1981), lot 656.

502937. HANOVER. George IV. 1820-1830. AV 2 Pounds (28mm, 16.00 g, 6h). Royal mint; obverse by Jean Baptiste Merlen. Dated 1823 and Anno Reni IV. GEORGIUS IIII D : G : BRITANNIAR : REX F : D :, head left; J. B. M. below truncation of neck / Pistrucci’s St. George and the Dragon; 1823 (date) and B. P in exergue. Schneider 635; MCE 470; SCBC 3798. Good VF, light toning, circulation marks. $2450

502960. HANOVER. William IV. 1830-1837. AV Sovereign (22.5mm, 7.97 g, 6h). Royal mint; obverse by William Wyon.

Dated 1837. GULIELMUS IIII D : G : BRITANNIAR : REX F : D :, second head right; incuse W. W. on truncation of neck / Crowned royal coat-of-arms; shield in ornate frame; ANNO 1837 (date) flanking lowest part of frame. Marsh 21; Bentley 965; Schneider –; SCBC 3829B. Good VF, traces of toning in devices, date lightly doubled. $1350

60

First Year of Issue

502964. WINDSOR. Elizabeth II. 1952-present. AV Sovereign (22.5mm, 8.00 g, 12h). Royal mint; obverse by Mary Gillick.

Dated 1957. + ELIZABETH · II · DEI · GRATIA · REGINA · F : D :, young laureate bust right; incuse M · G · on truncation of bust / Pistrucci’s St. George and the Dragon; 1957 (date) and B · P · in exergue. Marsh 297; Bentley 367; Schneider –; SCBC 4124. UNC. $375

496946. SCOTLAND. Robert III. 1390-1406. AR Groat (26mm, 2.47 g, 5h). Heavy coinage, Second issue. Edinburgh mint.

Struck 1390-circa 1403. แ ˊɭBĿˊ˶VS Ḧ dĿƩ ŷˊ_ Ḧ ˊĿҞ Sýɭ˶˶ɭˊVM, crowned facing neat bust within tressure of seven arcs with each arc ending in trefoil / แ dNS Ḧ ʐɭ ˶Ŀý˶ɭˊ MS Ḧ ƚ Ḧ LƩB ⍒˶ɭˊ MS/VƩLL _ Ḧ Ŀd ƩNBV ˊŷƌ, long cross pattée; triple pellets in quarters. SCBI 35 (Ashmolean) 563 = Coats 2052 (same dies); SCBC 5166. VF, toned. $575 Ex Dr. William E. Triest Collection; CNG Inventory 761432 (December 2002); Dix, Noonan, Webb (8 October 2002), lot 707 (part of).

Unrecorded Hiberno-Norse Type

503960. IRELAND, Hiberno-Norse. temp. Murchad mac Diarmata – Gofraid mac meic Arailt. Circa 1065-1085/95.

AR Penny (16mm, 0.77 g). Phase V coinage. Uncertain mint signature and moneyer. Degraded facing bust; pseudo-legend around / Expanding cross (derived from Edward the Confessor BMC Type v); pseudo-legend around. Lindsay –; Roth –; O’Sullivan – (cf. 54 for obv.); SCBI –: SCBC –. VF, toned, some light porosity, crimped, double-struck on reverse. Unique.

$5500

61

GENERAL BIBLIOGRAPHY

Please refer to our online bibliography at www.cngcoins.com for a complete listing of specialized and general references used, and abbreviations.

ANCIENT Banti BMC BMCRE BN Bodenstedt Boehringer Bopearachchi Depeyrot Calicó CNS Crawford CRI Fischer-Bossert Flament Hendin HN Italy Meshorer MK MIR Price Prieur RIC RPC RSC SC Sellwood SNG ANS SNG BM Black Sea SNG Copenhagen SNG France SNG Kayhan SNG Levante SNG Lloyd SNG Lockett SNG München SNG von Aulock Starr Svoronos Traité Weidauer

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E. Boehringer. Die Münzen von Syrakus. Berlin and Leipzig. 1929.

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M. Crawford. Roman Republican Coinage. 2 Vols. Cambridge. 1974.

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N.K. Rutter, ed. Historia Numorum. Italy. London. 2001.

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R. Göbl. Münzprägung des Kušanreiches. Vienna. 1984.

R. Göbl, et al. Moneta Imperii Romani. 5 Vols. Vienna. 1984-present.

M.J. Price. The Coinage in the Name of Alexander the Great and Philip Arrhidaeus. London. 1991.

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H. Mattingly, et al. The Roman Imperial Coinage. 10 Vols. London. 1923-1994.

A. Burnett, et al. Roman Provincial Coinage. 3 Vols and 2 Suppls. London and Paris. 1992-present.

D. Sear, et al. Roman Silver Coins. 5 Vols. London. 1978-1987.

A. Houghton & C. Lorber. Seleucid Coins: A Comprehensive Catalog. 2 Parts. Lancaster. 2002 and 2008.

D. Sellwood. An Introduction to the Coinage of Parthia. 2nd edition. London. 1980.

Sylloge Nummorum Graecorum, American Numismatic Society. New York. 1969-present.

Sylloge Nummorum Graecorum, British Museum, 1: The Black Sea. London. 1993.

Sylloge Nummorum Graecorum, Danish National Museum. Copenhagen. 1942-1979.

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Sylloge Nummorum Graecorum, Switzerland; E Levante - Cilicia. Bern. 1986.

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L. Weidauer. Probleme der frühen Elektronprägung. Fribourg. 1975.

BYZANTINE, MEDIEVAL, WORLD, and BRITISH Album Biaggi Bitkin BMC Vandals CIS CNI Davenport ESC Friedberg KM Levinson Lunardi MEC MIB MIBE MIR NM North SB SCBC SCBI

S. Album. A Checklist of Popular Islamic Coins. 3rd ed. Santa Rosa. 2011.

E. Biaggi. Monete e zecche medievali italiane dal seculo VIII al seculo XV. Torino. 1992.

V. Bitkin. Composite Catalogue of Russian Coins. 2 vols. Kiev. 2003.

W. Wroth. Catalogue of the Coins of the Vandals, Ostrogoths and Lombards and of the Empires of Thessalonica, Nicaea and Trebizond in the British Museum. London. 1911. (Reprinted as Western and Provincial Byzantine Coins in the British Museum.)

S. Goron and J.P. Goenka. The Coins of the Indian Sultanates. New Delhi. 2001.

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J.S. Davenport. Various works on European crowns.

H.A. Seaby & P.A. Rayner. The English Silver Coinage from 1649. London. 1992.

R. Friedberg. Gold Coins of the World. 8th ed. Clifton. 2009.

C.L. Krause & C. Mishler. Standard Catalogue of World Coins. Krause Publications. Iola.

R.A. Levinson. The Early Dated Coins of Europe. Clifton, NJ. 2007.

G. Lunardi. Le monete delle repubblica di genova. Genoa. 1975.

P. Grierson & M. Blackburn. Medieval European Coinage. Cambridge. 1986.

W. Hahn. Moneta Imperii Byzantini. 3 Vols. Vienna. 1973-81.

W. Hahn and M.A. Metlich. Money of the Incipient Byzantine Empire. Vienna. 2000.

Various. Monete Italiane Regionali. 5 Vols. Pavia. ND. G. Depeyrot. Le numéraire mérovingien. 5 vols. Wetteren. 1998-2001.

J.J. North. English Hammered Coinage. 2 Vols. London. 1963, 1975.

D. Sear, et al. Byzantine Coins and Their Values. 2nd edition. London. 1987.

Standard Catalogue of British Coins. London. Annually.

Various authors. Sylloge of the Coins of the British Isles.

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Handbook of Coins of Italy and Magna Graecia

Hoover, Oliver D. Handbook of Coins of Italy and Magna Graecia, Sixth to First Centuries BC [The Handbook of Greek Coinage Series, Volume 1]. 2018. lxxii and 597 numbered pp. Hardbound. (GR) (GR 330) $65 More than three decades have passed since David Sear published Greek Coins & Their Values, his revision of Gilbert Askew’s A Catalogue of Greek Coins published by B. A. Seaby in 1951. Since then, the field of ancient numismatics and the hobby of collecting ancient coins have changed so much that now Greek Coins & Their Values would require a complete revision to include all of the most current numismatic information available, list the many new types and varieties unknown to Sear, and determine an approximate sense of rarity for all of these issues. In order to encompass this new material and create a viable reference for the beginning and specialized collector, such a handbook would have to be more than the two volumes which Sear found necessary. As a result, Classical Numismatic Group is publishing The Handbook of Greek Coinage Series, written by Oliver D. Hoover, in a series of 13 volumes, each covering a specified area of Greek coinage with the first being The Handbook of Syrian Coins: Royal and Civic Issues, Fourth to First Centuries BC (Volume 9 in the series). This series is designed to aid the user in the quick, accurate, and relatively painless identification of Greek coins, while providing a crossreference for each entry to a major work, which will allow the inquirer to pursue more in-depth research on the subject. The subject-matter of each volume is arranged chronologically for royal issues, and regionally for the civic issues; within each region, cities are listed directionally, depending on the region. For those rulers or cities that issued coins concurrently in all three metals, these issues will be arranged in the catalog with gold first, followed by silver, and then bronze; each metal is arranged by denomination, largest to smallest. Known mints for the royal coinage are listed below the appropriate type, making an easy search for a specific mint. Each entry will include a rarity rating based on the frequency with which they appear in publications, public and private collections, the market, and/or are estimated to exist in public or private hands.

No valuations are listed, since such values are generally out of date by the time of publication. An online valuation guide at www.greekcoinvalues.com will allowing interested individuals the opportunity to gauge the market, and reduce the need for repeated updates of this series. Whether one purchases the entire set for their reference library, or the individual volume pertaining to one’s area of specialization, The Handbook of Greek Coinage Series should provide a useful staging-point from which collectors and interested scholars can pursue their research and interests.

The latest published volume in the series is Handbook of Coins of Italy and Magna Graecia, Sixth to First Centuries BC (Volume 1 in the series). Beginning with Ancona in Picenum, the catalog covers Italy and Magna Graecia from north to south, with each region in alphabetical order. The coinage within each city is arranged chronologically, beginning with the Archaic issues and continuing through the later civic issues. Issues in this catalog are arranged with silver first, followed by bronze; each metal is arranged by denomination, largest to smallest.

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Also in the Series Hoover, Oliver D. Handbook of Sicilian Coins (Inlcuding Lipara): Civic, Royal, Siculo-Punic, and Romano-Sicilian Issues. Sixth to First Centuries BC [The Handbook of Greek Coinage Series, Volume 2]. 2012. lxxxii and 300 numbered pp. (GR 331) $65 The sixth published volume in the series is Handbook of Coins of Sicily (including Lipara), Civic, Royal, Siculo-Punic, and Romano-Sicilian Issues, Sixth to First Centuries BC (Volume 2 in the series). Beginning with Abakion, the catalog covers all the mints of Sicily, as well as the royal issues of Syracuse, and the Siculo-Punic coinage. The mints within each region are arranged alphabetically. The coinage within each city is arranged chronologically, beginning with the Archaic issues and continuing through the later civic issues. Issues in this catalog arranged in the catalog with silver first, followed by bronze; each metal is arranged by denomination, largest to smallest. Both civic and royal coinages of these areas are covered.

Hoover, Oliver D. Handbook of Coins of Macedon and Its Neighbors. Part I: Macedon, Illyria, and Epeiros, Sixth to First Centuries BC [The Handbook of Greek Coinage Series, Volume 3]. 2016. lxxviii and 431 numbered pp. Hardbound. (GR332) $65 The ninth published volume in the series is Handbook of Coins of Macedon and Its Neighbors. Part I: Macedon, Illyria, and Epeiros, Sixth to First Centuries BC (Volume 3 in the series). This volume is arranged geographically from the Adriatic Sea, beginning with Illyria, through Paionia and Epeiros, eastward to eastern Macedon. Civic and tribal issues of each area are followed by dynastic and royal coinage, Civic coinage is arranged chronologically, beginning with the Archaic issues and continuing through the later civic issues. Where rulers or cities issued coins concurrently in all three metals, these issues will be arranged in the catalog with gold first, followed by silver, and then bronze; each metal is arranged by denomination, largest to smallest.

Hoover, Oliver D. Handbook of of Coins of Northern and Central Greece: Achaia Phthiotis, Ainis, Magnesia, Malis, Oita, Perrhaibia, Thessaly, Akarnania, Aitolia, Lokris, Phokis, Boiotia, Euboia, Attica, Megaris, and Corinthia. [The Handbook of Greek Coinage Series, Volume 4]. 2014. lxxvii + 563 numbered pages (GR333) $65 The eighth published volume in the series is Handbook of Coins of Northern and Central Greece: Achaia Phthiotis, Ainis, Magnesia, Malis, Oita, Perrhaibia, Thessaly, Akarnania, Aitolia, Lokris, Phokis, Boiotia, Euboia, Attica, Megaris, and Corinthia, Sixth to First Centuries BC (Volume 5 in the series). Beginning in central Thessaly with Achaia Phthiotis, this volume moves clockwise around that region, covering the various tribal issues, followed by the coins of the Thessalian League and the region’s various cities. From Akarnania the catalog moves eastward along the Corinthian Gulf to the heart of Central Greece and the Isthmus of Corinth, ending with Tenea. The coinage within each region and city is arranged chronologically, beginning with the Archaic issues and continuing through the later civic issues in the name of Alexander.

Coins are arranged in the catalog with gold first, followed by silver and bronze; each metal is arranged by denomination, largest to smallest.

Hoover, Oliver D. Handbook of Coins of the Peloponnesos: Achaia, Phleiasia, Sikyonia, Elis, Triphylia, Messenia, Lakonia, Argolis, and Arkadia, Sixth to First Centuries BC [The Handbook of Greek Coinage Series, Volume 5]. 2011. lxxiv and 293 numbered pp. (GR 334) $65 The fourth published volume in the series is Handbook of Coins of the Peloponnesos: Achaia, Phleiasia, Sikyonia, Elis, Triphylia, Messenia, Lakonia, Argolis, and Arkadia, Sixth to First Centuries BC (Volume 5 in the series). Beginning in the northern Peloponessos with Achaia, this volume is arranged southward around the coast, and then northward, ending with Arkadia in the central Peloponessos. The mints within each region are arranged alphabetically. The coinage within each city is arranged chronologically, beginning with the Archaic issues and continuing through the later civic issues in the name of Alexander. Issues in this catalog arranged in the catalog with silver first, followed by bronze; each metal is arranged by denomination, largest to smallest. Also included in this catalog are the issues of the Achaian and Arkadian Leagues.

Hoover, Oliver D. Handbook of Coins of the Islands: Adriatic, Ionian, Thracian, Aegean, and Carpathian Seas (excluding Crete and Cyprus), Sixth to First Centuries BC [The Handbook of Greek Coinage Series, Volume 6]. 2010. lxxiii and 358 numbered pp. Hardbound. (GR335) $65 The third published volume in the series is Handbook of Coins of the Islands: Adriatic, Ionian, Thracian, Aegean, and Carpathian Seas (excluding Crete and Cyprus), Sixth to First Centuries BC (Volume 6 in the series). This volume contains not only many extreme rarities and issues of some of the more obscure islands, but it also includes most of the major island mints like Thasos, Aegina, Rhodes, Kos, and Samos. This volume is arranged geographically from the Adriatic Sea eastward to the Carpathian Sea, from north to south, and with each island entry within each sea in alphabetical order. The coinage within each city is arranged chronologically, beginning with the Archaic issues and continuing through the later civic issues in the name of Alexander. Where rulers or cities issued coins concurrently in all three metals, these issues will be arranged in the catalog with gold first, followed by silver, and then bronze; each metal is arranged by denomination, largest to smallest.

Hoover, Oliver D. Handbook of Coins of Northern and Central Anatolia, Pontos, Paphlagonia, Bithynia, Phrygia, Galatia, Lykaonia, and Kappadokia (with Kolchis and the Kimmerian Bosporos), Fifth to First Centuries BC [The Handbook of Greek Coinage Series, Volume 7]. 2012. lxxxii and 352 numbered pp.

Hardbound. (GR) (GR 336) The fifth published volume in the series is Handbook of Coins of Northern and Central Anatolia, Pontos, Paphlagonia, Bithynia, Phrygia, Galatia, Lykaonia, and Kappadokia (with Kolchis and the Kimmerian Bosporos), Fifth to First Centuries BC (Volume 7 in the series). The catalog covers the territories of the Black Sea coast, beginning with the Kimmerian Bosporos and ending with Bithynia. The catalog then moves to the contiguous regions of the interior - Phrygia, Galatia, Lykaonia, and Kappadokia. The mints within each region are arranged alphabetically. The coinage within each city is arranged chronologically, beginning with the Archaic issues and continuing through the later civic issues in the name of Alexander. Issues in this catalog arranged in the catalog with silver first, followed by bronze; each metal is arranged by denomination, largest to smallest. Both civic and royal coinages of these areas are covered.

Hoover, Oliver D. Handbook of Syrian Coins: Royal and Civic Issues, Fourth to First Centuries BC [The Handbook of Greek Coinage Series, Volume 9]. 2009. lxxviii and 332 numbered pp. (GR338) $65 The first published volume in the series is Handbook of Syrian Coins: Royal and Civic Issues, Fourth to First Centuries BC (Volume 9 in the series). This series is designed to aid the user in the quick, accurate, and relatively painless identification of Greek coins, while providing a cross-reference for each entry to a major work, which will allow the inquirer to pursue more in-depth research on the subject. The subject-matter of each volume is arranged chronologically for royal issues, and regionally for the civic issues; within each region, cities are listed directionally, depending on the region. For those rulers or cities that issued coins concurrently in all three metals, these issues will be arranged in the catalog with gold first, followed by silver, and then bronze; each metal is arranged by denomination, largest to smallest.

Known mints for the royal coinage are listed below the appropriate type, making an easy search for a specific mint.

Hoover, Oliver D. Handbook of Coins of the Southern Levant: Phoenicia, Southern Koile Syria (Including Judaea), and Arabia, Fifth to First Centuries BC [The Handbook of Greek Coinage Series, Volume 10]. 2010. lxxix and 201 numbered pp. (GR339) $65 The second published volume in the series is Handbook of Coins of the Southern Levant: Phoenicia, Southern Koile Syria (Including Judaea), and Arabia, Fifth to First Centuries BC (Volume 10 in the series). This volume is arranged geographically from north to south with each region’s city entries in alphabetical order. The coinage within each city is arranged chronologically and begin with the royal issues during the Persian Empire (as is the case with the cities of Phoenicia), through the issues of Alexander the Great (both lifetime issues and those later civic issues in his name). Where rulers or cities issued coins concurrently in all three metals, these issues will be arranged in the catalog with gold first, followed by silver, and then bronze; each metal is arranged by denomination, largest to smallest.

Hoover, Oliver D. Handbook of Coins of Baktria and Ancient India Including Sogdiana, Margiana, Areia, and the Indo-Greek, Indo-Skythian, and Native Indian States South of the Hindu Kush. Fifth Century BC to First Century AD. [The Handbook of Greek Coinage Series, Volume 12]. 2013. lxxxiv + 389 numbered pages. (GR341) $65 The seventh published volume in the series is Handbook of Coins of Baktria and Ancient India, Including Sogdiana, Margiana, Areia, and the Indo-Greek, Indo-Skythian, and Native Indian States South of the Hindu Kush, Fifth Century Centuries BC to First Century AD (Volume 12 in the series). Beginning with the Kingdom of Baktria, the catalog covers all the Graeco-Bacrian and Indo-Greek kings. This volume includes the Indo-Skythian rulers and satraps, as well as the local coinages of the region.

The Indian coinages south of the Hindu Kush are also included. While not obviously Greek coinage, these issues were struck in the context of their Greek neighbors and will add further evidence to the complex monetary systems of the region.

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