Cross Keys September 2021 (Freemasonry)

The Cross Keys September 2021

Cross Keys September 2021

The Monthly Newsletter of Lodge Houstoun St. Johnstone No.242

Number 238

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From the Editor UPDATE The lodge intends to hold its AGM on Thursday 28th October, 2021 and review when meetings will resume thereafter.

There will also be a discussion on a number of points from a change of meeting night to the number of meetings per month so every brother of 242 is encouraged to attend. Our Secretary will send out an agenda outlining points for discussion.

Grant

Cover: Grand Lodge certificate from the GL of Egypt, dated 1921 working under the GL of Scotland.

Right: The team works!

The Cross Keys is a free magazine distributed across the many countries in order to spread the good (and sometimes not so good) qualities of the Craft. All views are of individual brothers and not any organised body.

Editor: Bro. N. Grant Macleod PM of Lodge Houstoun St. Johnstone No. 242 PM of The Anchor Lodge of Research No.1814 Past Provincial Grand Secretary of the Province of Renfrewshire East.

In this issue: 3 4 5 7 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 19 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29

Mission of Masonry The Use of Rituals Getting Back to Work The RA Story Past (Mark) Master Degree Prof. Magnus Maclean Vernon Lodge (IC) Kilmarnock Lodges Masonic Miscellany The Guild of Masons Grand Lodge of Estonia Castle Grove Masonic Hall The Town’s House, Paisley Super Lodge in a Bygone Era Bro. Campbell Snodgrass 242 Meeting Places 1876 ‘New’ Largs Pier RAM Degree Grand Procession in Greenock King Edward VIII Grand Lodge News Freemasons’ Restaurant A Grand Night Out!

September

NO MEETINGS

Proof Reader: Bro. Allan Stobo PM of Lodge Houstoun St. Johnstone No. 242 Treasurer 242

All Scottish Constitution.

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The Mission of Masonry Masonry has long recognised that men need guidance in their search for light. Through the years our Fraternity has presented the ideal of perfect manhood, the ideal man, true to God, to his country, to his neighbour and to himself. It has been a great spiritual guide to the higher and nobler concepts of life. Masonry has opened the door to happiness for many men. It can mean much to you.

realization that their members must be taught something of the history, traditions and purposes of our great Order, the meaning of its symbols, an explanation of its tenets and precepts; all are necessary for a proper understanding of the place of Masonry in our lives and in the world about us.

With this knowledge and understanding Masonry can do much to advance this fellowship amongst men of all nations and bring happiness into their Masonry is a philosophy of life, teaching equality lives. of men, a belief in the one true and living God, in the resurrection and in life everlasting. It is not a With shorter working hours today, men have religion as it has no creed or dogma, yet its pre- more leisure time to devote to the interests of cepts and principles are based on the great truths Masonry, to take a greater part in that glorious found in the Volume of the Sacred Law we place fellowship that is theirs for the asking, and to aton our Altar. Masonry is next to the church in the tain that happiness which is the object of our building of men's character, to make better men, search. Masonry has another mission that could the best that each man can become, the better to mean much to our nation and to the world in serve his fellowmen. which we live. It could become one of the greatest forces for good in the world today, to make life It presents a fellowship not equalled in any other worth while, and to bring happiness to the people organization. In Masonry a man is not regarded of this earth. for his wealth or rank, but only for the fine qualities of his character, and for his deThere are nearly 4,000,000 Masons sire to be of service to mankind. It in the United States alone. Just Masonry is a is a fellowship, however, that we think what a great influence Maare inclined to overlook in these sonry could have if all of us carphilosophy of life days when each hour is crowded ried out into the world the great with the demands of work and precepts taught us at the Altar, pleasure. It is time that we gave more and made them part of our lives. What thought to this wonderful fellowship, so gener- a change it could bring to our homes, our commuously given and so easily lost. With our meetings nities, and to our nation. I do not mean that Maso often crowded with ritualistic work we are sonry, as an organization, should take a stand for prone to neglect the very purpose for which we some particular programme, but for each member are taking men into our Fraternity. Time must be to so live and act that his light would shine before set aside for the enjoyment of that fellowship. men as a living example of true manhood. Then justice and equality would prevail.

The ritualistic ceremony is simply a means of bringing the Brother into our fellowship. Let us There can be no progress without faith, there not forget this important fact. To be worthy of must be a spiritual enlightenment in men. We this fellowship we ourselves must be friendly. We must carry the torch to spread this faith, to banish must have a sincere regard for our Brethren, fear and to reverse the trend to materialism that showing a sympathetic understanding of their now menaces the peace of the world. Perhaps the way of life, holding a tolerant judgment of their story of the Transfiguration in the Volume of Saactions and expressing our outspoken praise for cred Law may suggest a way. As we read the actheir service, while they are still in our midst. Let count of this unusual and momentous event, we us give our earnest attention to this important find Peter, James and John ascending a high Tenet of our Fraternity. Brotherly Love is more mountain with Jesus. Reaching the top, they knelt than just an empty phrase, to be heard and soon to pray, and then, before their eyes, they saw Jeforgotten. It has a most significant meaning for sus transfigured, his raiment white and shining, each of us who are united by this fellowship in the and his face as radiant as the sun, and they beheld bonds of a declared faith in God. him talking with Moses and Elijah. Peter was so overwhelmed that he wanted to build three tabMore and more Grand Lodges are coming to the ernacles on the mountain top to commemorate

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The Mission of Masonry (ctd) the occasion, and to relive the rapture and ecstasy of that inspiring moment. But Jesus said no, and brought them down from the mountain to mix with the world. There was work to be done, there was a message to be brought to the world. As Masons we have found the Light at our Altar. Let us not make our asylum a retreat from the world with our Altar as a tabernacle where we may worship by ourselves. We, too, must carry forth the

Light to bring happiness and peace to the world.

This is the challenge to every Mason in the world today. Let us not fail.

My thanks to M. W. Bro. Francis J. Scurry, M.D., Past Grand Master, Grand Lodge of Arkansas, U.S.A. which was prepared by Bro. J. Stewart Donaldson PM 76

The Use of Rituals—a Question?

A number of documents appear from about 1690. These are called masonic catechisms because there are in a question and answer format rather than a ritual that we would use today.

A question I have been asked is why at this time? This is difficult to answer for certainty but the reason might be due to the increase in the number of non-operative masons (in Scotland) joining operative lodges.

non-operatives joined lodges. Prior to the ritual, the ’art of memory’ would have been essential for the teachings and modes of recognition.

Prof. David Stevenson comments about Scottish and English ritual development: It would be going too far to assert that English stonemasons did not have rituals in the 17th century. It is undeniable that not only is nothing known about them but, when in the early 18th century evidence begins to emerge about the rituals of English freemasons, they are clearly of Scottish origin. So popular did the Scottish rituals become that they swept away into total oblivion any distinctively English practices except those relating to study of the Old Charges.

For the majority of masons (ie. operative working men), rituals would be of no use whatsoever as most were illiterate. Master or Fellowcraft masons (architects/designer) would be the only masons who could read and write. Therefore, the only reason why rituals were developed would be for the ‘new’ non-operative mason who wanted to know The latter do provide invaluable evidence of more about the Craft or for the literate mas- the development of the Craft including the ters. However, as the literate masons would two to three degree system. have existed before 1690 then it is more likely the rituals were developed at the same time

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Getting Back to Work This offering is an attempt to envisage how we might all safely return to Freemasonry (in all Orders) when life gets back to some sort of normality. It is based on a number of assumptions: (a) (b) (c)

that by the end of the summer, most adults in the UK will have had two vaccinations; that the current restrictions on serving food and drink indoors will have been lifted; that the current restrictions on the number of individuals allowed to gather indoors for weddings, funerals and other family celebrations will have been lifted; that the current restriction on singing at religious meetings will have been lifted

loved one; or for the lonely, an opportunity to meet up with others who share our values.

We owe it to them to get our Orders back up and running as soon as circumstances allow while at the same time ensuring we secure everybody’s safety.

It has to be recognised however that our rituals and ceremonials increase the potential for cross-infection and that we have to do everything possible to minimise it.

The obvious starting point would be to instal hand sanitisers inside the door of every Temple. Although it’s believed that the virus can only live for 48-72 hours on hard surfaces, it might be sensible to wipe down all door han(d) dles, light switches seats and paraphernalia with a disinfecting solution (or suitable ‘wipes’) before the Meeting starts, even if it This article does not comment on the ‘Social might be some days since the premises was Club’, Harmony’ and ‘Dining’ aspects of Free- last used. These precautions are consistent masonry as these will have been covered by with good practice and aren’t unique or ex(b), (c) and (d) above. clusive to Freemasonry.

It has however to be recognised that although vaccination boosts the recipient’s immune system and hopefully prevents them from succumbing to the virus, it won’t stop people from contracting it and at the time of writing there is documented evidence that some people who recovered from having covid-19 ended up with long-term effects that have marred their lives. It's also been estimated that around 1% of those having one vaccination have had to be hospitalised after contracting the disease, but these are all categorised as ‘frail and elderly.’ We have to accept that some (if not all) of our Orders will have Members who fall into this category.

Where we do however increase the risk of cross-infection is in specific areas of our work.

Test Masters (of all Orders) are charged with ensuring that visitors are qualified and entitled to remain. In Craft Lodges, this means an advance culminating in the F.P.O.F. where contact can’t be avoided. It seems sensible that during these Tests, both the Test Master and the Visitor should wear masks. Other Orders should make similar arrangements.

Similarly in all ritual/ceremonial, where the Candidate is required to be in contact with an Office-Bearer or Officer, (eg explaining a sign, token, word) both should wear masks (as at a Raising). If the Order is one where gloves are normally worn, the person in the Chair might want to request that all those present ensure their gloves are washed at an appropriate temperature after the Meeting.

It is therefore incumbent on all Orders to ensure that Masons can meet in as safe an environment as possible where the potential for cross-infection is reduced as much as is practicable. Little has been written over the years of the therapeutic benefits that Freemasonry provides, especially for those for whom it may be the only respite from caring for a Toasts (in ritual or ceremonial) provide an

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Getting Back to Work (ctd) additional challenge. Regrettably it is recommended that where a communal goblet (or goblets) has been used in the past, this practice should be discontinued meantime. Some Preceptories have traditionally used individual glasses for the Founder’s Toast and there’s no reason why this approach couldn’t be used in other Orders when we get back to work.

way in assuring our Members that protecting their health is our first priority and the changes introduced are for the benefit of all.

Editor’s note: this article was written at the beginning of May by a Brother who is a Retired Chartered Environmental Health Officer. He is a Member of several Scottish Orders and of one English Order. It is based on the circumstances These suggestions will mean some extra work prevailing at the time of writing and he accepts for the Stewards and those who set up Tem- it may be overtaken by subsequent events. ples for the other Orders, but will go a long

Unique Questions & Answers Test Following on from April and May 2020 editions, here is another set of questions from Bro. Rabbi Eno Ytneves’s The Masonic Instructor:

The Middle Chamber 1. On ascending the stair, what reward did you receive?

Corn, wine and oil 2. What did these symbolise?

Plenty, joy and peace.

3. What did your passing into the middle chamber represent?

It represented the human mind passing through the veil of mater into a perception of the divine spirit within.

4. How was the divine spirit symbolised?

By the equilateral triangle with the sacred jod in the centre.

5. Why thus symbolised?

Because the symbol represents man’s highest ideas of the GAOTU without begin ning and without ending, the eternal and infinite. It has three equal sides for his wisdom, strength and goodness are alike equal, and it has the jod or ray of light in the centre to indicate that he is the centre of all light.

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The Royal Arch Story As with all comparable Masonic degrees and orders, the R.A. ritual invites the candidate to participate in a simple morality play. This particular story is remarkable in the accuracy with which it is drawn from the writings of the Old Testament. The ceremony opens with the Candidate randomly searching amongst the ruins of a temple when, entering a hidden vault, he discovers a scroll. This reveals part of the first chapter of Genesis, in itself the first Book of the Old Testament.

elites and, to hedge their bets, so to speak, the Israelites also worshipped other gods in other temples. After a succession of increasingly corrupt Israelite kings - through a period of nearly 400 years - Jehovah’s patience with the duplicity of the Israelites was broken.

The Covenant he made with the Jewish peoples was ended by allowing Nebuchadnezzer, the king of Babylon, to invade Israel in 587 B.C., destroy Jerusalem and its temple and disperse its peoples. The Jewish soldiers fled to Egypt, the merchants escaped to Tyre but the religious and political leaders were all captured and sent into exile in Babylon. To maintain the land, only the leaderless peasant farmers were allowed to remain.

A later chapter of Genesis lists the Ten Commandments handed down to Moses, his brother Aaron and 70 privileged Elders (making 72 in all) who represent the twelve tribes of Israel which escaped from the Exile in Egypt. Genesis also discloses that the sign of authority over the Israelites given by God After a period of some fifty years of Israelite to Moses was to be a exile, Babylon itself handheld staff. In this was captured in turn first part of our Moralby the Persians. The ity play the source of policy of Cyrus, the the sacred law and its Persian ruler, was to Commandments have control not to conquer at last both been resubject lands and so he vealed. encouraged the Jewish priests and leaders to This would be significant for all Craft candi- return to re-establish Jerusalem and a temple dates in the C18 whether of the Jewish, Chris- for worship. Cyrus also provided money to tian or Moslem faiths which each revere Gen- help rebuild both the city and its temple. The esis (and the next four Books - the Penta- Israelites returned in 538 BC led by their exteuch) as part of their sacred writings. In the iled prince, Zerubbabel. He was accompanied second part of the ceremony three Sojourners by several prophets including Haggai and by - that is, travelling builders of which one will many priests including Joshua, son of be the Candidate or Exaltee - re-enact this Joseddech. discovery in a short story set in Jerusalem at the time of the building of the Second Temple. Although Ezra the law maker and Nehemiah the administrator returned to Jerusalem from This rebuilding followed shortly after the Is- Babylon some 70 years after Zerubbabel, they raelites’ return there from their Second Exile are also featured in our morality play because to Babylon. For interest, the reasons for this it is from their Books in the Old Testament Second Exile are as follows. About 1000 BC that the full story of the rebuilding of the SecJehovah ordered David to create a house for ond Temple can be found. The returning Him on earth. With the assistance of Hiram, priests however lacked practical building King of Tyre, and Hiram the Widow's son, Da- skills. As they would not allow local nonvid through his son Solomon built this house Israelite craftsmen to defile the holy buildas a temple for Jehovah at Jerusalem. Disas- ings, work on the Temple quickly ceased. trously Solomon allowed himself rather than Jehovah to be worshipped as King of the Isra- With Haggai’s constant urging, an appeal Cross Keys September 2021

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The Royal Arch Story (ctd) went out to Babylon for skilled men to make the 100 day journey to Jerusalem to assist with the rebuilding. This was answered by 520 BC after which the Temple was quickly completed. Our three Sojourners represent this latter group of dedicated builders, drawn from the remnants of Zerubbabel’s own tribe of Joshua still in comfortable exile in Babylon.

Our story commences shortly after their arrival in Jerusalem.

Thanks to PGC Wiltshire

Dayton Masonic Centre The Dayton Masonic Centre is a significant building in Dayton, Ohio. It was built by a Masonic Temple Association formed from 14 Masonic groups. The building was completed over a 2year, 9-month period by 450 workers, a majority of whom were Masonic Brethren, about which it was said: "Without thought of honor or gain, these men gave unstintingly of their time, abilities and means, sparing neither themselves nor their personal interests to advance this building project to its happy fulfilment." It is the home to many lodges, chapters ad various other Orders as well as a conference centre, wedding venue and all sorts of other facilities..

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Past (Mark) Master Degree The Royal Arch considered the following system very similar to a rite: 1.

EA 2.

FC 3.

MM 4.

MMM 5.

Past Master 6.

Excellent Master 7.

Royal Arch

the secrets of an installed master. The lecture given was related to the building of King Solomon’s temple and unlike the lecture in the resent Installed Master’s degree in a lodge.

SGRAC of Scotland was formed in 1817 and its Book of Ceremonies included the Past Master degree thus having the seven degree system above. Remember Cryptic and RAM were much later additions to SGRAC. It wasn’t The Past Master degree which had various until 1872 that the degree was removed from names (Master Passed the Chair, Pass Master, its Constitution completely. It is still in use Chair Master, etc) is different from an in- under the American York Rite. stalled master of a Craft lodge. The degree was made to allow non-PMs to join the chap- Whether the original intention was to inter as a Royal Arch Mason. Prior 1790s, only crease the size of the Order or increase revebrethren who had been the master of a lodge nue (or both), the idea came to fruition and could join a chapter. By 1796, Ayr had exam- the ‘virtual’ past master became a degree. ples of this degree working under Grand En- Today this degree has become the installed campment charters. mark master degree given to either First principals or PZs. This consisted of the candidate being placed in the JW’s chair who was absent, then the SW was mysteriously called away and he took that chair and finally the master temporarily vacated his chair for the candidate to be installed as a master of the lodge and receive

Old Irish Jewel Lodge No. 979 was founded under a Warrant issued by Seton on the 6th Februry, 1806, for the toll-n of Armagh. The Warrant was subsequently confirmed by the Grand Lodge of Ireland. The Lodge registered 50 members between 1806 and 1822, and was cancelled the 7th July, 1825. The medal can thus be dated between 1806 and 1822. On the side representing the entry into the vault of the Royal Arch will be noticed on the right emblems of the veils and the Burning Bush, still preserved in the Irish R.A. ritual. On the other side, in addition to easily recognisable Templar emblems, will be found the hand holding the balance, emblem of the Chair or Installed Master.

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Bro. Prof. Magnus Maclean Following on from May 2021, with the help of Bro. Alistair Henderson IPPGM Glasgow, Bro. Maclean’s mother lodge is Blythswood No.817 which met at 236 Great Western Road.

He was also a Companion of RAC St. Andrew No. 69, Glasgow Sovereign Chapter and The Royal Order.

A medal (to the right) in his name is given for the best student in Electrical Engineering at Strathclyde University. Professor Maclean worked to extend the Royal College’s community work and instituted the country’s first ‘day release’ programmes which led to the modern model of adult education.

Today, as The University of Strathclyde, its offerings include innovative courses in Gaidhlig.

Additionally, Maclean was appointed first lecturer in Celtic at Glasgow University under the Kelly-McCallum Foundation in 1901. From his small beginnings, the university is now a world leader in the field.

The Maclean Room in the university’s Gaelic and Celtic Department is named after Magnus Maclean and enables postgraduate students in Gaelic and Celtic to have access to the research archive. Awarded Honorary LLD by Glasgow University in 1919, sharing the graduation platform with the novelist John Buchan.

Below, Bro. Maclean is seen with the Lord Provost of Glasgow Bro. Matthew Montgomery PM The Trades House Lodge No.1241.

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Vernon Lodge No.127 IC) The Vernon Masonic Lodge, Coleraine was the first “named” Lodge when constituted under warrant No. 123 from the Grand Lodge of Ireland on 8th May 1741 (other Lodges only had warrant numbers). As the first minutes in "No.1 - Vernon Lodge Book - Minutes" relate to 18th January 1750 the early history of the Lodge is not recorded or was recorded in a minute book that no longer exists. Early records of the Lodge are in a fine state of preservation and are still in the possession of Vernon Lodge No. 127, Coleraine.

were presented to the Lodge by W.Bro. Heyland in 1747 as they are inscribed as such and the jewels are still worn by the WM and Wardens of Vernon Lodge, No. 127, Coleraine. Plaques relating to the life and death of the Heyland family can be found on the walls of St. Patrick’s Church, Coleraine.

Unfortunately the warrant was returned in 1783 and when the Lodge jewels were used to re-constitute Vernon Lodge, Coleraine the warrant No. 123 was already out and the nearest available was 127 and so Vernon These old records contain the very earliest Lodge was reconstituted under warrant No. references to the Royal Arch Degree, yet dis- 127 on 7th November 1857. covered, in a Lodge Minute Book and the Lodge worked as well in the Royal Arch, the An interesting aside is the lodge’s name. Bro. Knight Templar and Rose Croix Degrees, un- Admiral Edward Vernon was a well known der the Craft Warrant. admiral in the British Navy who introduced the ‘black tot’ for each sailor. Bro. George It would also seem likely that Dominick Hey- Washington actually served under him so land was the first WM as his is the first entry. much so that he that impressed he named Also the Lodge jewels (WM and Wardens) home Mount Vernon.

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Kilmarnock Lodges The following has been extracted from the book The History of Kilmarnock published in The St Andrew’s Lodge, No. 12 6, was institut1864. ed in 1771. Its first Right Worshipful Master was Mr Thomas Boston, who appears from “The oldest of our Masonic Lodges is the Kil- the minutes of the lodge to have been fremarnock Kilwinning S t John’s, No. 22. It is quently appointed to that office. The lodge also one of the oldest existing lodges in Ayr- has continued to prosper and to hold regular shire originally holding of Mother Kilwinning. meetings from its formation to the present It was instituted in 1734. The unfortunate time. last Earl of Kilmarnock was one of its originators and was its first Right Worshipful Mas- In 1767 another Lodge was formed in the ter. town and called the St Marnock but it does not now exist. Its last meeting was in 1818.

BRETHREN, We return you humble and hearty The first Right Worshipful Master of St Marthanks for the honour you have done us, in nock was William Park of Langlands, surgeon. sending your Worshipful Master and Warden In 1770 that office was held by William, Earl to constitute a lodge here dependent upon of Glencairn. The Rev. Mr Mutrie of the Low yours. We shall always acknowledge our Moth- Church was chaplain and among the honorer Lodge with all due realty and submission in ary members were the Honourable John Cunafter calls and assisting her poor’s box, as far ningham, brother to the Earl of Glencairn, as is due from a grateful daughter to so wor- James Dalrymple, Esq . of Orangefield. shipful and ancient a mother. Meantime we have sent three pounds to your box by your There was, we may add, another Lodge in the Worshipful Master, as an acknowledgment of town, called the St James Nethertonholm, Kilthe favour you have done us, and the duty we marnock, but it has not existed for a number owe you. of years.”

KILMARNOCK, Master.

Ro PATERSON, Senior Warden.

Wm RANKIN, Junior Warden Today St. John Kilwinning No.22, St. Marnock No.109 (reformed) , St. Andrew No.126 and Besides the Earl of Kilmarnock, a number of influential gentlemen were connected with Saint Clement Riccarton Kilwinning Kilmarthe lodge in its early years. Among these were nock No.202 exist in London Road Masonic Sir D avid Cunningham of Corsehill, Thomas Hall, Kilmarnock.

Boyd of Pitcon, Alexander Montgomery of Coilsfield, Peter Cunningham of Bourtreehill, Charles Dalrymple of Langlands, Robert Paterson, town- clerk, William Park, surgeon, and James Muir, Master of Arts. The Earl of Errol was Master of the lodge in 1761. Among the members at a later period were William Parker, banker, Thomas Samson, Gavin Turnbull, the poet and John Wilson, the printer of the first edition of Burns’s poems. Burns also was connected with the lodge having been enrolled an honorary member in the autumn of 1786.

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Question In the explanation of the Second Degree Tracing Board at that point where our ancient Brethren have entered the porch and arrived at the foot of the winding staircase etc, etc,. We are told that "the PG . . . is depicted by an E of C near to a F of W.” Why is the PW depicted as an E of C next to a F of W ?

Answer: The password of this degree is the one that is the best explained of the three that Craft Masons use. It may, however, be of interest to know that when we learn the origin of these two words, that are alike yet different, it makes even more sense of what we are told.

The word that the Hebrews used, 'Sh......th', meant, as it sounds, 'a flow of running water', whilst in Arabic the word 'Siblet' still means 'a grain of a cereal'. When these two words are used the failure of one group to aspirate is even better understood.

My thanks to the PGL Warwickshire .

Question: What is the origin of the phrase `darkness visible'?

Answer. It appears in Milton's Paradise Lost (Bk. 1, 1. 63): A dungeon horrible on all sides round As one great furnace flam'd, yet from those flames No light, but rather darkness visible Serv'd only to discover sights of woe..

This great work was begun in 1658, when Milton was already blind, and the sombre gloom of these lines may well be contrasted with the many beautiful passages in which the poet was able to conjure up his visions of light, in words which seem to acquire a greater strength and majesty because of the perpetual darkness in which he lived.

From Bro. Harry Carr PM Quatuor Coronati No.2076 (EC)

It is good to see that Inverclyde Council have included 175 in their tourist brochure for West Blackhall Street. Click here for the whole brochure.

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Operative Freemasonry in Scotland in the 20th Century had something of a stuttering existence. While the Order was active in the 1920s and 30s, it became dormant after the Second World War and indeed, Guild Masonry only survived due to the determined efforts of the Head of the Order, Captain Jock Hay of Dalgetie.

Captain Hay resurrected Guild Masonry in Aberdeen in the 1960s and the Aberdeen Guild Lodge was the sole font of Operative Masonry in Scotland until 1992 when Captain Hay issued his personal Warrant, founding a second Guild Lodge in Greenock in 1992.

In 1993, another Operative Lodge was established at Keith but this body was founded without the authority of Captain Hay and thus its formation was somewhat dubious.

The Three Guild Lodges continued to work as individual bodies but over the period 1997 to 2000, increasing contact had been made between all three with respect to the possibility of formalizing their relationship and thereafter establishing a governing body to regulate and manage Operative Masonry in Scotland.

These discussions and negotiations culminated in a joint meeting of the three Guild Lodges held in Perth in June in the year 2000. Administrative difficulties were resolved and all representatives at the Meeting agreed that founding of a Grand Body would be a worthwhile objective as such a body would both protect and promote Guild Masonry within Scotland. The main point of agreement which allowed continued negotiation, was the gen-

eral acceptance of the three Guild Lodges of the Rituals of the Order as held in ms form by Captain Hay. After much additional correspondence and telephone discussion, members of Aberdeen Guild Lodge, Glasgow & Auld West Guild Lodge and Moray Firth Guild Lodge, met in the Premises of Lodge Scoon and Perth No. 3, on 16th June 2001 and the Grand Sanhedrin of Masons, Paviours, Tylers, Plaisterers, Bricklayors, Joyners, Glayziors, Plombiers and Wrights of Scotland. was duly Founded and Consecrated.

Growth has been steady and there are now seven Daughter Guild Lodges at labour in Scotland. In addition to the three Founding Guild Lodges, new Lodges were established at Stewarton in Ayrshire (now defunct), Alness in Invernesshire, Coatbridge in Lanarkshire and in the City of Perth itself.

Membership has grown steadily since 2001 and the Grand Sanhedrin itself has now held its 6th. Annual Assembly. The Degrees of Guild Masonry. Every Applicant to become a Guild Mason, must be a Master Mason in Good Standing of a Lodge holding of the Grand Lodge of Scotland, or of a Lodge holding of a Grand Lodge, recognized by the Grand Lodge of Scotland. In order to respect the jurisdiction of The Worshipful Society of Freemasons, Rough Masons, Wallers, Slaters, Plaisterers and Bricklayers (The “Operatives” in England.), no candidate may be accepted who is resident in England and Wales.

1st Degree - Indentured Apprentice 2nd Degree -Journeyman 3rd Degree - Mark Mason 4th Degree - Fore-Man 5th Degree - Intendent or Wise Master 6th Degree - Superintendent or Perfect Master 7th Degree - Passed Master or Sublime Master Interesting video on the ancient drama Cross Keys September 2021

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The Guild of Masons (ctd) The Regalia worn by Guild Masons consists of only two items. An apron of tanned leather, or of a suitable substitute material, of any reasonable dimension since historically, operative stonemasons manufactured their own aprons, and a breast jewel. The apron is not worn centrally but over the left hip.

The breast jewel is suspended from various coloured ribbons depending upon the Rank of the holder. Those Guild Masons holding the 1st. to the 4th. Degrees wear the jewel suspended from blue ribbon, those of the 5th. and 6th. De-

grees, wear it suspended from a red ribbon and the ribbon of the jewel of Passed Masters is gold in colour. Grand Officers wear the jewel of their Rank with the addition of a Crown placed on the ribbon.

The Daughter Guild Lodges holding of the Grand Sanhedrin:  Aberdeen Guild Lodge  Glasgow & Auld West Guild Lodge –  Moray Firth Guild Lodge – Rothes  The Highland Guild Lodge – Alness  The Scoon & St. John’s Toune Guild Lodge – Perth  The Lanarkshire Guild Lodge – Coatbridge

Grand Lodge of Estonia Freemasonry arose in Estonia between 1771 and 1773, when a lodge was founded in Tallinn.

At the prohibition of the Craft in Tsarist Russia in 1822, there were four lodges in Estonia.

The Craft was reformed in Estonia in 1992, when Lodge Phoenix started. There are currently eighteen lodged in Estonia, in Tallinn, Tartu, Parnu, Haapsalu, Viljandi and Rakvere.

On 18 May 1999, the Grand Lodge of Estonia was founded. The images of the stairs cannot fail to impress candidates.

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Castle Grove Masonic, Hall

Dating back to 1834 the building consists of some stunning architectural features, notably in the entrance hall the deep brown oak finishing’s turn your gaze up to the ceiling of all ceilings, ornate large floral designs guide you through to a stunning magnificent domed roof featuring beautiful stained glass.

The style of this historic Victorian manor house truly is striking – the sweeping staircase, intricate panelled woodwork and beautiful ceiling creating an ambience that is unique in Leeds. Throughout the venue you’ll find Baroque-style plastering, Tudor roses, Chinese and Classical motifs, as well as Rococo-style fireplaces.

Castle Grove Masonic Hall is home to 18 of the 200 Masonic Lodges in the Province of Yorkshire West Riding. Previously a Victorian Manor House it was in private hands until 1934 until the property was purchased by four Leeds Masonic Lodges for the sum of £2,500 on 11th October 1934. It has been a Masonic Hall ever since.

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The Town’s House in Paisley Immediately to the right of the tollbooth steeple is the Town’s House or Saracen’s Head Inn which was the home to some lodges, in particular the now defunct Paisley Kilwinning. It was situated at the corner of Higher Street and Moss Street. In some PO Directories (bottom shows 1838—note the date of institution 1749), the address is given as the Masonic Hall, Moss Street. It was also known (locally) as St. Mirren’s Hall (after Paisley St. Mirren’s No.129).

At this time, the town consisted of the High Street, Moss Row (now Street), New Street, Calsaside (now Causeyside), St. Mirren’s Wynd, School Wynd, Sneddon and one or two others. It is clear to see the location was central and The images show the buildings which were removed to make way for the War Memorial square. Due to the widening of the High Street in 1869, both the steeple and the inn were demolished.

It was built about 1750 to ‘advance the prosperity of the town’ to accommodate travellers and visitors to Paisley. The lodge was formed at this time (chartered 1749) and chose the best place in the town to meet. It was a three storey building with shops on the ground floor and the upper portion the inn. The first tenant was Bro. William Shied who joined Paisley Kilwinning in 1751.

Although trouble was highly unlikely, this was a period of instability with the Jacobite uprisings not long past. As a result, Bro. Drummond presented a tyler’s sword inlaid with gold . . . Just in case!

The last meeting of the lodge was the installation on St. John’s Day, 27th December 1800.

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Some Local Lodges Hoping to a return to meetings, here’s a reminder : Lodge Paisley St. Mirrin’s; No.129: Home (lodgepaisleystmirrins129.org) 1st and 3rd Monday–September to April, at 7.30 p.m. Also 3rd Monday in May and last Friday in November.

Lodge Renfrew County Kilwinning; No.370

2nd and 4th Thursday–September to April, at 7.30 p.m.

Lodge Paisley St James; No.1116 3rd Thursday of every month at 7.30 p.m., except August- Installation, 4th Thursday, at 7.30 p.m.

Lodge Craigielea; No.1218: Home | Lodge Craigielea 2nd and 4th Monday–September to May, at 7.30 p.m

Lodge Gleniffer No.1219: Lodge Gleniffer (google.com) 2nd Tuesday–January to December, at 7.30 p.m.

Lodge St. Barchan No.165: Lodge St. Barchan - Home Page 1st and 3rd Tuesday–September to May, at 7.30 p.m

Lodge Union & Crown No. 307 (Barrhead): Lodge Union and Crown No.307 - Home (unionandcrown307.com) 1st and 3rd Tuesday–September to May, at 7.30 p.m.

Lodge Prince of Wales No.426 (Renfrew): Lodge Prince of Wales, Renfrew – Number 426 on the Roll of The Grand Lodge of Scotland 2nd and 4th Tuesday–September to April. May to August-2nd Tuesday only, at 7.30 p.m.

Lodge Captain Spiers No.791: Facebook page 2nd Tuesday, September to April, at 7.30 p.m., excluding November. (Installation, 3rd Saturday in Nov., at 3.00 p.m.)

Lodge Thistle & Crown No.1167 (Neilston): Lodge Thistle and Crown 1167 1st and 3rd Thursday, September to May, at 7.30 p.m.

Lodge Georgetown No.1170: Facebook page

1st and 3rd Wednesday–September to May, at 7.30 p.m.

Lodge Moorpark No.1263 (Renfrew): moorpark1263 (google.com) 1st Wednesday - January to December, at 7.30 p.m.

Lodge Inchinnan No.1405: Lodge Inchinnan 1405 | Masonic Lodge Website | Freemasonry (lodge-inchinnan1405.org) 1st and 3rd Friday–September to May, at 7.30 p.m.

The Lodge of Erskine No.1566 (Inchinnan): The Lodge of Erskine No. 1566 – Welcome to The Lodge of Erskine No. 1566

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Super Lodges of a Bygone Era We often hear of brethren in 242 talk about the halcyon days of large attendances. Indeed, the years of averages of over 100 were only about 20 years ago so in the last 20 we have lost about 40 plus per meeting.

In the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries the creation of new Masonic lodges continued at a rapid pace, and so did the closure of older ones. This fact seems to go somewhat unnoticed when statistics are being produced to discuss the apparent shrinkage of the Craft today. This constant state of evolutionary change seems to have come to an abrupt halt sometime around 1920. After 1920, Freemasonry entered into what I would describe as the era of, what had described as super lodges with a membership exceeding 500 – 242 was in this bracket.

At first it appeared that these trends may have followed the cycles of public interest in Freemasonry, but this turned out not to be the case. Even at times when Masonic membership declined, some of these lodges were growing. Why?

I think the answer lies in human nature and how we relate to those around us. Freemasonry is a fraternity that brings people together in one place (a lodge) for a meeting.

What will be discussed at that meeting, the type of food consumed, and the level of personal comfort between the members will be determined by the nature of their relationships with one another. If the members of the lodge share little in common, other than Freemasonry, then the lodge will be socially dysfunctional because the How many brethren in Johnstone members never truly During the period fol- would travel to a lodge in Paisley if relate to one another. lowing 1920 there were There are many possi242 closed? a multitude of lodges ble sources of this that that had over 500 members. Across the globe, include, age, income, and philosophical views. and in particular in the US, some Lodges had a membership rolls exceeding a few thou- Society was becoming increasingly fragmentsand. The obvious question is, how is it possi- ed and separated by changes in culture, and ble that 500 men, (not to mention perhaps the advance of technology before Covid. Will 2,000) could actively participate in the same that view change post Covid? It is likely that lodge meeting? Did these men actually know the Craft will evolve in new ways that were one another, or were they merely going previously unknown. through a fraternal exercise in order to wear a Masonic ring, get a handshake, or did they The present social model used by American think there was some other benefit? 242 was Freemasonry was developed in the 1950’s no different – often it was described as being and is a monolithic cultural relic that cannot in too many cliques, but this was the only way adapt itself to the rapid pace of change. This it could function. When I joined in the 80s, I is a result of the failure of the institution to did not get to know many brethren as there understand the dynamic life cycles of lodges, were just too many. and the impact of the organizational changes that were implemented in the 1920’s to lodge European Freemasonry did not follow the model. The mega lodge relied on the industritrend into super lodges. The European form of al manufacturing concept of streamlining Freemasonry remained far more intimate, processes. The quality of production came in with most lodges having no more than fifty a far distant second to overall quality. The members. These small lodges appear very object was to “manufacture” as many Masons similar in make-up to the nineteenth century as possible in order to increase cash flow and, lodge in which 242 existed, often having an thereby increase the services provided to average of about 20. members such as charity and masonic homes.

In this period, we lost the quality not quantity so often heard in EA degrees.

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Super Lodges of a Bygone Era (ctd) Many brethren today point the finger towards the Grand Lodges and mismanagement as the source of all the present problems. In a way, they’re right. Many Grand Lodges are not adapting to changes in society and culture like they once did. The Grand Lodges, however, only appear to be the source of the problem when it is, in fact, yet another symptom of the disease plaguing the fraternity. It must be remembered that the Grand Lodges reflect the voting members of the lodges and like many elected officials they perform poorly and often take office for prestige while not willing to work.

The true source of the problem is at the base of the institution, not the top. Unfortunately, the decisions made back in the 1920s and 1950s (after both world wars) have created a self-reinforcing loop in the system. The lodges can no longer go through their natural life cycles because of the monolithic nature of the super lodge infrastructure of the past. There is no easy way for an aging dysfunctional lodge to split apart and form new healthy social environments. This forces men of all ages and philosophical views into the same organizational unit resulting in bickering, bitterness, and the eventual resulting loss of attendance and membership.

If the lodges were experiencing normal healthy life cycles, new lodges would form dynamically out of the old, and represent the ideas of the present generation of Masons. In Scotland, the tradition of a local lodge with its unique history make this very difficult as we have never had the English scenario of lodges opening and closing all the time. How many brethren in Johnstone would travel to a lodge in Paisley if 242 closed? Probably very few as this is often a reason why many don’t join other Orders as they do not exist in Johnstone.

There is, however, hope that things can be changed before it’s too late. By understanding our problems and being able to formulate the right questions we might be able to turn things around. This would require an openness to change and a focused effort on the behalf of the leadership and decision makers.

This process must begin with a thorough understanding of the historical life cycles of lodges (even an awareness of the peaks and troughs of membership) as the days of the super lodge have gone (for good). Ultimately, the future of the Craft lies in the hands of its members. Only they can decide whether or not they are willing to make the changes necessary for the survival of the institution.

Now it should be becoming clear that the Grand Lodges cannot adapt or change be- Some US info has been sourced from old talks. cause the lodges themselves cannot experience any life cycle changes. It is the same So brethren, an appeal—what ideas do lodges and members forever reinforcing the you have for your lodge? same ideas over and over again.

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Old Mark Jewel

A Georgian engraved oval silver Masonic pendant jewel, by Thomas Phipps and Edward Robinson, Masonic gavel or hammer within circle, wide border with the keystone initials H T W S S T K S, rev. owner's monogram in scrolled letters, 'WS', decorative borders, 82 x 56mm., London hallmark, 1797. Sold recently for £340.

Bro. Campbell Snodgrass—Founder 242 Bro. Campbell Snodgrass was a founder of 242 in 1811. He is recorded in the books as: Snodgrass Snodgrass Snodgrass JP

Neil Neil Campbell

Founder 30-11-1811 Founder

A

Gentleman Cotton Spinner Gentleman

Paisley St. James Paisley St. Mirren Paisley St. James

Bro. Campbell (and his brother Neil (?)) were members of Paisley Kilwinning Lodge which ceased to work in 1805 when they joined Paisley St. James No.175 (nothing to do with the current lodge numbered 1116). He was a very successful coalmaster with various collieries around the town, living at the Thorn (see CK February 2016 for the plan of his garden). Their father was Hew who was also a member of Paisley Kilwinning and Town Clerk. It appears that Neil became a merchant in Virginia shortly after.

He dies in 1851 ad was buried in Paisley Abbey Cemetery. His library was auctioned off, the sale lasting a week!

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Meeting Places 1876 The following list of lodges is from The Freemason newspaper dated 30th September, 1876.

How many lodges still meet in these premises?

The Glasgow city lodges met in Buchannan Street, Robertson Street and Hope Street. Buchannan Street was the main ‘centre’ for lodges and known as St. Mark’s Hall. It was described as “the most commodious Lodge Room in the West of Scotland, and it was in these rooms that Provincial Grand Lodge met.” Bro. Sir Archibald Alison was Provincial Grand Master of Glasgow and held the office from 1847 to 1867.

In Paisley, the lodges met in the High Street and Moss Street (which was The Saracen’s head Inn or The Town’s House also known as St. Mirren’s Hall in masonic circles). And well known to 242 brethren, we met in The Cross Keys Hotel on the High Street. The September edition will have an article about The Town’s House in Paisley, also the home of Paisley Kilwinning, now defunct.

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Grand Master Mason Edward James Bruce, The Rt. Hon. The Earl of Elgin and Kincardine, was Grand Master Mason 1921—24. He was the second of the family to lead the Scottish Craft. He became Assistant Private Secretary to the Secretary State for the Colonies (1908–11) and a director of the Royal Bank of Scotland.

He also had other high offices including Deputy Grand Master and Governor of the Royal Order of Scotland. His son, Andrew, is the current Earl and also a Past GMM and possibly one of the most colourful characters in the Craft! His grandson, Adam, is the current master of Sir Robert Moray No.1641 and in the future. . .

‘New’ Largs Pier On 10 January 1833, the foundation stone of a lace MP, one of Bro. Sir Thomas Brisbane's new pier at Largs was laid with masonic hon- commissioners, addressed the ceremony beours by Bro. William Miller, of Monkcastle, fore the Grand Master proceeded to lay the Most Worshipful Master of the Mother Kil- foundation stone with plate saying This pier winning and Provincial Grand Master of the erected by subscription . . . in the Year of our County of Ayr. Also in the main deputation Lord 5833 . . . by (all names included). was Bro. Sir Michael Shaw Stewart MP PGM

of Renfrewshire West and a large number of The pier opened the following the year at a cost of £4275. dignitaries .

The members of the Mother Lodge, with Largs St John, Greenock St. John’s No.175, Garthland St. Winnoch No.205, Blair Dalry

No.290, Rothesay St. John No.292, St. John RA No.320 and Neptune Kilwinning Saltcoats No.442, met at midday on the Green of Largs, and proceeded in procession accompanied by several bands of music through the town to where the pier was to be erected. Robert Wal-

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Former Degrees in the Lodge It is fanciful to suggest that prior to Noah and the deluge that not a drop of rain had fallen on the Earth and that thick wet mists deposited moisture on the ground to enable vegetational growth. However, one of our early ritual writers was a proponent of such a state of affairs and produced a lecture for the same; hence, no rainbow prior to Noah’s covenant with God, and the Antediluvians had never had the opportunity to swim.

The legend of an Ark after Noah was expanded into a place of safety or worship. Again in early rituals, there were allusions to Christian parallels, e.g. return of the dove with an olive branch was purported to be Christ; baptism in the waters, etc. The link of the New Testament was stated to be “the new covenant”. At the conclusion of the second lecture of the old ritual a Christian allusion is “the good and faithful servants shall find rest and safety in Christ, the True Ark”. Quite clearly this was a case of “making things fit” as occurred several times in studying early ritual.

brethren from this degree seemed illogical.

Turning now to the history of the degree itself, as is usual the origins are lost in time.

Dunckerley was aware of the Degree c.1760 in his travels to the States—alternatively, travelling Irish Constitution Military Lodges made him aware of same. In Ireland (where the degree is no longer practised at all) it existed c.1790 in an Encampment as the Noahchida degree and some 20 years later as part of Ark, Mark and Link series.

In Scotland the Royal Ark Mariner Degree was worked in a Craft Lodge

by Charter from 1840 to 1915 as a side degree. Then when the Cryptic Degree obtained it’s Warrant from Illinois in 1915, by a delayed changeover, Cryptic Councils obtained their own Charter. It is difficult to try and understand the circumstances, which prevailed and influenced ritual writers at the time, but the Jacobite rebellions were still engrained in the psyche and the Act of Sedition was impinging upon other than Craft Degrees. Grand Lodge of Scotland forbade separate working Our non-Christian brethren will understand of many side degrees in 1800 except the three that these assertions of Christian beliefs in degrees and the Mark. the events surrounding Noah could not be substantiated and had quickly to be esponged Today the ‘Mariners’ is conferred in a lodge around 1845. Further, other degrees con- and council under the Supreme Grand Royal trolled by ruling bodies, under whose aegis Arch Chapter of Scotland and has its own was the Royal Ark Mariner were open to non- apron and jewels as shown. Not all Royal Christian brethren and to preclude such Arch masons will opt to take this degree.

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Grand Procession in Greenock The report has been taken from the Freemasons’ Quarterly Review: Friday, 15th June 1838: the foundation stones of the Greenock, Paisley, and Glasgow Railway, and the large cotton mill of the Shaws Water Cotton Spinning Company were laid with Masonic Honours at Greenock. As only a few days’ notice had been given of the intended ceremony, it was generally supposed that the procession would have been confined almost exclusively to the parties interested in these great undertakings but, con- Opening of the Glasgow, Paisley, Kilmarnock & Ayr trary to expectation, the turn-out was one of the Railway, 11 August 1840 most respectable and evinced the enthusiasm of the inhabitants at the commencement of works ments that had been made in steam navigation which will most unquestionably conduce to the since the appearance of the Comet, the first prosperity of Greenock. steamer on the Clyde, and contrasted the then quick passage of four hours with the tide, and the By one o'clock the master wrights and the master impossibility of effecting the passage against the coopers, hearing their respective banners—the tide with the expeditions manner in which the managers, office-hearers, and members of the Me- voyage is performed at present. chanics' Institution, and Trades' Library, carrying a very neat model of a railroad carriage and The procession after giving three times three train—the trades marshalled under their respec- cheers and one cheer more for the success of the tive flags—the Port Glasgow Doric Kilwinning, undertaking and being thanked in the name of the and the Greenock St. John's Lodge of Free and Ac- Railway Directors by John Kerr Esq., proceeded to cepted Masons accompanied by Mr Wells' eques- the site on the Shaws Water on which the Shaws trian company carrying each of them a banner, Water Cotton Spinning Company's Mill is to be the horses superbly caparisoned , assembled with erected. The foundation stone of this truly laudahands of music opposite the Town Hall , where ble undertaking was also laid with Masonic Honthey were joined by the Magistrates and Town ours and Provost M'Leish, in addressing the specCouncil , the Harbour and Water Commissioners, tators, congratulated them on the commencement the Railway Directors and Shareholders and the of such an important work as the Cotton Mill.

Proprietors of the Shaws Water Cotton Spinning Company.

The day was exceedingly fine and the turnout of The procession proceeded to Dellinghurn Street where the foundation stone of the Greenock, Paisley and Glasgow Railway was laid with Masonic Honours by the Depute Provincial Grand Master, Adam M'Leish Esq, Provost of Greenock, amidst the enthusiastic cheering of the Brethren of the Mystic tie and the vast concourse of spectators, and the discharging of cannon. Provost M'Leish addressed the assembly and in a neat and comprehensive manner alluded to the great improve-

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the fair sex of all ranks, and others who did not join in the procession was very great. The procession had an imposing appearance, particularly that part of it formed by Mr Wells' equestrian company and instrumental band, and afforded much pleasure and satisfaction. The shops were shut, and for three hours it was a holiday in Greenock.

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HRH The Prince of Wales, the King who Abdicated King Edward (1894 – 1972) succeeded to the throne 20th January 1936 and abdicated 11th December 1936 due to marrying Mrs Wallis. However, his masonic details are very interesting and it’s clear he was an active freemason.

Craft: 1919 2nd May Initiated Household Brigade Lodge No.2614 Deputy Master 1921 1923 Joined St. Mary Magdalene Lodge No.1523 Master 1925 1925 Joined Lodge of Friendship & Harmony No.1616 Master in 1935 1932 Joined Royal Alpha Lodge No.16 1922 Appointed Senior Grand Warden (photo) 1924 Appointed Provincial Grand Master Surry 1924 Appointed Hon. Senior Grand Warden, Grand Lodge of Ireland 1924 Elected an Hon. Member, Grand Lodge of Scotland 1933 Affiliated to the Lodge of Edinburgh (Mary’s Chapel) No.1 1936 Elected Past Grand Master (photo) - abdicated in December of this year.

Royal Arch: 1921 Exalted United Chapter No.1629 (now United Studholme Chapter No.1591) MEZ 1927 1930 Joined Grove Chapter No.410 Surrey 1930 Appointed Grand Superintendent Surrey Ancient & Accepted Rite: 1921 Perfected in United Chapter Rose Croix No.169 1932 Promoted to 33rd Degree & Hon. Member of Supreme Council.

Royal Order of Scotland: 1933 Entered in the Grand Lodge Edinburgh 1934 Deputy Grand Master & Governor of Scotland

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From the commencement of world, we may trace the foundation of Masonry. Ever since symmetry began, and harmony displayed her charms, our Order has had a being- History, however, is defined as the study of past events, its credibility is at best totally dependent upon indisputable evidence, or at the very least, beyond reasonable doubt. Often ancient evidence is tarnished with time, confused or even countered by contemporary contradiction. Moreover, the further one goes back in time, the more primitive the form of recording historical events becomes, and with it the steady decline in the distinction between fact and fiction. The origin of English Freemasonry however is reasonably well documented and evidenced. We know for instance that in the year 557AD, a man by the name of Austin, accompanied by forty monks, among whom the sciences had been preserved, came to England. Austin appeared at the head of the Fraternity in founding the old cathedral at Canterbury jn 600, Rochester in 602, St. Paul’s in London in 604, St. Peter’s and Westminster in 605. Subsequently a few expert Masons arrived in England from France in 680, and formed themselves into various lodges under the direction of Bennet, the Abbot of Wirral, who was appointed by Kenred, King of Mercia, inspector of their proceedings. These early beginnings of the Craft are without intellectual challenge, but, only by reason of the existence of the authenticated records that document the same.

R. Wor. Bro. Kenneth Henry Barnes, Provincial Grand Master for Dorset in The History of Dorset Freemasonry Revealed

PGLs in General Having waited until a few articles have been written, have a look at the PGL of Glasgow’s excellent Glasgow Freemasons of Interest which gives some info on brethren in Glasgow lodges who have become well known in areas out with the Craft. For example. Willie Waddell of Rangers FC, Sir Malcolm Campbell, Sir Harry Lauder, and many others.

Certainly a project that all PGLs could start.

It might also be of interest to brethren about living members (with permission) who have reached senior ranks, posts, awards, etc externally.

Although not Grand Lodge directly related, this is of interest to all freemasons. 2023 marks the tercentenary of the 1723 Constitutions of the Grand Lodge in London written by Scot, James Anderson, key The creation of a dedicated website can be found at: 1723constitutions.com It will be worth keeping an eye on this as papers will continue to be added to it. There is also a section on Scotland.

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Freemasons’ Restaurant

The Freemasons’ Tavern pub/restaurant is situated in 39 Western Road, Hove (near Brighton). This pub has been in existence since at least the 1850s. It is not known why the name was chosen but there has long been a popular notion that Freemasons used to hold meetings upstairs. This was quite possible and belonging to the Freemasons became increasingly popular amongst the influential men of the neighbourhood. For example, Thomas Read Kemp, founder of Kemp Town, was a freemason. Today it is now a Grade II listed building.

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I

A Grand Night Out!

t’s over three decades ago in July, a sweltering night in the Temple of an old Lodge in the west of Scotland. Most of the other Lodges are in recess so the place is rammed with visitors, many resplendent in their regalia as well as a goodly number of local Brethren who are regular attenders. The latter have witnessed the First Degree being conferred here tonight many times but are still impressed by, and appreciate the high standards that the Office-Bearers attain in delivering the ritual. There’s the usual rustling of sweetie papers being shared round: sometimes one falls and rolls along the floorboards, prompting glares from other Brethren and visitors intent on ensuring they don’t miss anything.

ing firstly red then purple. Clearly he is in some distress. One of the Lodge’s Past Masters (a local GP) gets up from his seat in the East, majestically descends to the level and after acknowledging the RWM, strides across the floor (at fidelity) toward the Brother who is unwell. He looks into his mouth, tells him to bend forward then hits him an almighty whack on the back so that the Brother hits his head on the back of the bench in front of him.

A mint imperial shoots out of his mouth and lands on the chequered carpet (that an Officebearer swiftly retrieves and discreetly conceals). ‘Are you OK’ asks the PM. ‘Yes, and thank you’ mouths the Brother (now completely recovered but with a large red mark on his forehead). The PM then returns to the East, acknowledges the RWM and goes back The three Candidates have already been obli- to his seat. gated and restored to light, trying hard to focus on the information being conveyed to All attention is then focussed on the three them while at the same time not be distracted candidates who by now are in a state of total by the splendour of some of the Brethren on perplexity, not sure if what they’ve just witthe benches, as they attempt to reconcile the nessed is part of the ceremony or a major scenario with all with the tales and wind-ups tragedy being averted! Hopefully their sponthey’ve heard from Masons (and others) be- sors put them right after they’d retired! forehand about what might happen to them tonight.

My thanks to Bro. JFC for proving this reminisce.

Suddenly a Brother on the back benches starts to cough and wheeze, his face becom-

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Old Lodge Certificate 1869

The images are from an old Lodge Scoon and Perth No.3 certificate given to candidates before Grand Lodge certificates became standard practice. The crest above is the town of Perth crest.

2006 Visit to Ireland One to finish—Bro Des McCulloch PM is the only 242 master to have sat in the chair of the Grand Lodge of Ireland on one of our trips with the brethren from Wallace Masonic No.146. The trip had been arranged by Bro. Gary Walsh PM 146 and some others. It started from an early morning breakfast in the lodge in Newry to a few beers back in Holywood and Bangor that night.

Different Orders Lodges used to confer various degrees until the early 19th C when a stop was made by Grand Lodges. However, here is another set of miniature jewels suggesting it was possible to attend these Orders wearing the following members’ jewels from left to right: Craft, Mark, Excellent Master, Royal Arch, Knight Templar and Rosicrucian.

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Extra—Ohio Whilst freemasonry here in Scotland has been very much on the back burner for the whole of 2021, Brother Brian Kerr PM242 reports that in Ohio, Freemasonry has been running very much as usual given the impact Covid-19 has wreaked upon society at large.

Recently the Amelia Lodge No.590 (Brian's adopted lodge) on the roll of the Grand Lodge of Ohio held a car show as a means to accrue some much needed funds in order to facilitate the promise of a $1500 collage scholarship to a local high school student as part of their on going commitment to be an integral part of the local community.

With approximately 50 cars on show, the support of the brethren, their families and friends and the blessing of a beautiful sunny day to grace the ocassion, the Brethren of the lodge met that challenge head on and with the payment of all expenses duly incurred, a surplus in the region of $1700 was the reward for a days work well done by the Brethren of the Amelia lodge.

The Brethren of Ohio have a different outlook when it comes to raising funds in order to sustain the successful day to day running of their respective lodges, holding a car show is just one example of how they do it.

Thanks to Bro. Brian ‘OJ’ Kerr for supplying the details and photos—quite an impressive display.

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In Memoriam It is with deep sadness and much regret that we have to inform you of a loss sustained to the lodge in the passing to the Grand Lodge above of the following Brother:

Bro. Blair Alexander Thomas Barclay Bro. Blair joined 242 on 22nd November 2018 as a Lewis. He was the new master’s first candidate— the master was Bro. George (his dad & our current master who was in his second term of office). His dad initiated, passed, raised and advanced him during his year as master. The photo on the left shows Bro. Stewart Coyle, Blair, George and his friend Josh who also joined that night. On the right with dad after his FCD in December.

Sadly Bro. Blair passed away in May, aged 20.

To submit an article or want added to the mail list or Facebook group, contact the Editor, Grant Macleod: E-Mail:

sec242pm@yahoo.co.uk

Website: http://lodge242.bravesites.com/

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