Cross Keys May 2016

The Cross Keys May 2016

The Monthly Newsletter of Lodge Houstoun St. Johnstone

Number 193

In this issue: The Winding Stair William Houstoun, first master 242 Why I don’t attend Lodge Aberdeen Lodge Box Golf Implosion of Grand Lodges?

The Pillar Degree Johnstone Town Hall Cross Keys May 2016

The Winding Stair Reference is made "to advance through a porch, by a flight of winding stairs to the middle chamber, there to receive his wages." The details very clearly give a winding staircase leading from the porch way entrance up through the Temple Sanctuary to the upper floors. This reference contains a statement which we are apparently asked to accept as facts: that there was a winding staircase in King Solomon's Temple. The serious researcher will find that writers of the Charges and ritual of the craft were apparently more interested in the dramatic effect on the candidate than they were on historical accuracy. Biblical scholars and archaeologists differ widely as to the interpretation placed both on historical and the archaeological evidence dealing with King Solomon's Temple and in particular, with the passages dealing with the staircase, but it's fairly safe to say that neither the Biblical scholar nor the archaeologists would support the specific statements made in the Masonic ritual of the Second Degree.

As of today, the only historical evidence relative to the building of Solomon's Temple is found in three different books of the Old Testament and in the writings of Josephus. Of these writings, it is generally accepted that the version in the First Book of Kings is both the oldest and most reliable description we have of the Temple. The passages relevant to the winding staircase are found in Chapter 6 of the Authorized Version, which is probably the one used by the ritualists who composed the Lecture on the Second Degree. First Kings, Chapter 6, Verses 1, 5,7 & 8: "And it came to pass in the four hundred and eightieth year after the children of Israel were come out of the land of Egypt, in the fourth year of Solomon's reign over Israel, in the month Zip, which is the second month, that he began to build the house of the Lord."

"And against the wall of the house he built chambers round about, against the walls of the house round about, both of the temple and of the oracle; and he made chambers round about."

"And the house, when it was in building, was built of stone made ready before it was brought thither; so that there was neither hammer nor axe nor any tool of iron heard in the house, while it was in building."

"The door for the middle chamber was in the right side of the house; and they went up with winding stairs into the middle chamber and out of the middle into the third."

The description above clearly states that there were winding stairs, but an examination of the text finds inconsistencies in the passages themselves and serious discrepancies are noticed between our Masonic ritual and the scriptures above. An example is in Verse 8 which places the entrance door for the middle chamber in the right side of the building. It continues by stating that the stairway went from the door to the middle chamber and on up to the third chamber. No mention is made to an entrance on the ground floor.

The second Bible reference is in Chronicles, Book II, Chapter 3, Verses 1-9. The description, which parallels the Kings version, omits all references to the chambers except for Verse 9 which states: "And he overlaid the upper chambers with gold..." It is widely accepted that the upper chambers in Chronicles are the "side chambers" mentioned in Kings. Notice that there is no mention of a winding staircase.

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The Winding Stair (Ctd) The third description is found in the Book of Ezekiel (who came from a priestly family and some researchers think could have lived at a time which would have enabled him to have seen Solomon's Temple first hand). However, at the time of his writing, the Temple had been destroyed by the Babylonians.

The parallel passages of the above quoted from Kings and Chronicles are to be found in the 41 st Chapter of Ezekiel, but differs from the other two. Ezekiel, Chapter 41, Verse 6 & 7: "And the side chambers were three, one over another, and thirty in order; and they entered into the wall which was of the house for the side chambers around about, that they might have hold, but they had not hold in the wall of the house."

Verse 7: 1 "And there was an enlarging, and a winding about still upward to the said chambers; for the winding about of the house went still upward round about the house; therefore, the breadth of the house was still upward, and so increased from the lowest chamber to the highest by the midst."

It would appear that what Ezekiel was trying to say is that the chambers themselves wound about the house in long galleries. By "wound about" does he mean encircle? He makes no reference to a staircase. There are other differences noted in the three versions of the Old Testament.

Our Masonic view was probably taken from the translation of the Authorized Version of the Old Testament, which contained many mistranslations in the relevant passages. The translators themselves were aware of the difficulties, for attached to their manuscripts are numerous marginal notes and questions. Biblical Hebrew text often presents difficulties in translation and some cases impossible to a point of where one can only surmise at the true meaning.

Prof. Robert H. Pfeiffer of Harvard University and Boston University in "An Introduction to the Old Testament" writes: "The third element in Solomon's magnificence consisted of his buildings, primarily on Zion in Jerusalem, but elsewhere. The account in Chapter 6, Verses 1-9 is one of the most difficult sections in the Old Testament. First, owing to scribes who failed to understand architectural terms and the obscure descriptions of the original author, neither an architect nor a clear writer, the text has been greatly corrupted. Secondly, the account has endured successive additions and revisions."

A difficulty comes from the Hebrew text of Verse 8 in which one word is defective. The word appears as "Lullim" and then translated to English as "Winding Stairs. ‘ Scholars point out that if the word is really "Lullim" it appears nowhere else in the Old Testament, but an associated word "Lulin" appears in several passages of the Jewish code known as the "Mishna" and later called the "Talmud."

One reference reads: "there were Lulin in the upper chamber opening into the Holy of Holies, by which the workmen were let down in baskets, so that they should not feed their eyes on the Holy of Holies." Most translators translate this word to mean "opening" while others translate the word as "Trap-doors." The Jewish Encyclopedia, Volume 12, pp. 85,92 says that the word "Lullin" refers to Cross Keys May 2016

The Winding Stair (Ctd) "trap-doors" but gives no supporting evidence to the meaning.

Dr. James Moffat in his translation of the Bible in 1924 entitled "A New Translation of the Bible" translated Verse 8 in Kings this way: "The entrance into the lower side rooms was on the south side of the Temple; you climbed to the middle row, and from the middle to the top row, through trap doors."

In 1965, another translation came out in an English Edition of the "Jewish Bible" with Verse 8: "The entrance to the lower story was at the right hand corner of the Temple and access to the middle story above was by trap doors and so from the middle story to the third." There is no reference to winding stairs.

If the Temple had a winding staircase, as a few scholars still think, it was probably in the side walls and served the side chambers built into the thickness of the walls from the first and second levels. These side chambers were used while the Temple was being built for the purpose of paying the workmen their wages. Later, they were used as store-houses or treasury rooms of the Temple into which the treasures and gifts to the Temple were placed.

As mentioned at the beginning of this paper, the other source of information about King Solomon's Temple is in the writings of Josephus, a Jewish historian. He mentions Solomon's Temple in several of his works, but the main references are in his history of the Jewish people called "The Antiquities of the Jews." One relevant passage quoted from Book 8, Chapter 3: "The King also had a fine contrivance for an ascent to the upper room over the Temple, and that was by steps in the thickness of its wall; for it had no large door on the east end, as the lower house had, but the entrances were by the sides, through very small doors."

Apart from Josephus and the Bible, we have no other literary source to turn to for information.

Unfortunately, there is no evidence in Jerusalem to which we might gain a knowledge of this subject, for successive conquerors made a thorough job of the destruction of the Temple and not one part remains standing and nothing has been uncovered by archaeologists. Regardless of whether there was a winding staircase, a trap-door or just an opening to the different compartments of the Temple, the mystery still remains, and will continue to fascinate both the biblical scholar and the archaeologist and be of particular interest to the Freemason.

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Bro. William Houstoun, Founding Master Bro. William Houstoun, son of Bro, George Houstoun, served as the first master of 242 in 1811 which is also the year his father and brother, Ludovic, affiliated to the lodge. Although the family residence was Johnstone Castle, when he married he moved to Cartside House (just off Kilbarchan Road on the left before the mill as you drive towards Kilbarchan). Sadly nothing exists of the house today as the ground was completely built over. From the images, it is clear to see that it must have been a large house in superb grounds.

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Why I Don’t Attend Lodge!

I haven’t attended Lodge in quite some time, at least a year and a half. This is quite unusual for someone who devoted his first fifteen years actively participating in Lodge affairs, not just my own, but at the district, zone, and state level. I stopped going when it became blatantly obvious Freemasonry was operating more as a good old boy’s club as opposed to the fraternity it was designed to be, where brotherhood was of paramount importance, not aprons or titles. I still believe in the tenants of Freemasonry, but I no longer find attendance at Lodge to be meaningful or rewarding, be it at my mother Lodge or another. I have been asked by many Brothers, of whom I have the utmost respect, to return to Lodge, but I now find it more burdensome than enjoyable. I actually find Freemasonry to be more interesting over the Internet or through chance encounters than in a Lodge building.

I am relatively well known in Masonic circles thereby becoming somewhat of an icon for those Masons who have abandoned the Craft for other pursuits. In my jurisdiction alone, we have lost over 18,000 members over the last twelve years, averaging an annual decline of approximately 1,500. Year after year we suspend members for non-payment of dues. One must ask, “Why?” Those members I personally know who have dropped out no longer find Lodge meaningful or fun, and fraught with politics and skullduggery. Again, this is not just my Lodge but many others in the area whose membership is shrinking and attendance dwindling. Some of the larger Lodges are so empty, you could play racquetball inside and nobody would know the difference.

It wasn’t always like this though. When I first started going to Lodge in the 90’s, people cared about each other, there were no personal domination issues, and certainly no politics. Masonic education was considered important for success, and our floor work was impeccable.

In other words, you wanted to go to Lodge. You didn’t want to miss anything, as it was all meaningful to you. Unfortunately, not so anymore, which is why I am staying away.

I still contend Freemasonry is a beautiful logical concept that is poorly implemented physically. I also suspect this phenomenon is not unique to my jurisdiction, as I have visited many other Lodges. Perhaps the most innovative idea I have seen in recent times is the advent of the “Traditional Observance” Lodge which takes the concept of fraternity much more seriously than regular Lodges and has fun in the process. In other words, they have made it meaningful.

Tim Bryce is a former mason, writer and the Managing Director of M&JB Investment Company(M&JB) of Palm Harbor, Florida.

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The Aberdeen Lodge Box The Lodge of Aberdeen No.1ter dated from about 1670 has, as would be expected, some very old artefacts. The lodge seal dates from 1762 and probably reproduces and earlier one that was lost. The motto “Commissum tege et Vino tortus et Ira” is from Horace-Epistle 1-18.38 and translates “Conceal the secret entrusted to you even when influenced by wine or anger”.

One such item is the lodge box (below) dated 1670 depicted with symbols of the Craft and two locks—possibly one for the master and one for the treasurer or a warden. It is believed the old Mark book of the lodge (more in September’s edition) was kept safely in this box.

Unique t-shirt?

The ideal gift for the new master mason? Perhaps not…..

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Golf There is no doubt that the 'Speculative Freemasons' played a key role in the formation of the golf clubs. Until 1789, the Royal Blackheath GC was open only to Freemasons and for a generation afterwards there was a clique of Masons called the Knuckle Club who played out-ofseason on Blackheath to avoid the non-mason members. They continued 'as golfers' only in 1825 and disbanded in 1844. Their minutes and medals are now part of Royal Blackheath GC. The Grand Master Mason of Scotland was captain of both the Leith golfers (Honourable Company) and St Andrews golfers (R&A) four times in the 18th century. He also laid the foundation stone for the clubhouse at Leith in 1768 in the presence of 'all Masons'. Alexander McDougall, elected secretary of Gentlemen Golfers at Leith in 1764, was the Grand Secretary of the Grand Lodge of Scotland.

There is indirect evidence that the origins of the Royal Burgess and Bruntsfield Links were probably Masonic, though not after 1736. Royal Musselburgh is the only one of the oldest six clubs for which no particular Masonic link can be proved or inferred, although the oldest Masonic lodge in the world, Acheson's or Aitchison's Haven, dating from 1599, was based only a Par-5 away from the Old Musselburgh Course and met at locations around Musselburgh.

The main reason that the members of early golf clubs were Freemasons was because, in the century after 1717, virtually all middle class men of ability in Scotland were Freemasons from senior law officers to skilled artisans as well as poets and writers.

Leith Clubhouse and the Grand Master Mason Extracts of the early minutes of five of the early clubs are available in the book Golf: A Royal and Ancient Game' and they read like the minutes of any modern club, parish council or tenants' association. They note the banal details of admissions, competitions, match dinners and domestic arrangements. They do not indicate the heavy hand of Masonic traditions, beyond the fact that they date from a time when Freemasonry was strong and highly regarded. At most, they simply show that many important people who were involved with golf were Freemasons and acknowledged as such, in much the same way as modern buildings carry the plaques of the names of the local Councillors, who opened them with their chains of office.

The laying of the foundations of the first purpose built golf clubhouse on Leith Links for The Honourable Company in 1768 is a case in point.

Leith, July 2, 1768 This day William St Clair of Roslin, Esq., the undoubted representative of the Honourable and Heretable G.M.M of Scotland, In presence of Alexander Keith, Esq., Captain of the Honourable Company of Goffers, and other worthy Members of the Goffing Company, all Masons, The G.M., now in his GRAND CLIMAX of GOFFING, laid the Foundation of the GOFFING HOUSE in the S.E. corner thereof, by THREE STROKES with the Mallet.

ALEXR. KEITH, C. Wm. ST. CLAIR, G.M.M.

Our first Grand Master Mason, William St. Clair of Roslyn, was Captain and prominent member of both the Leith and the St Andrews golf clubs, winning their competitions at an advanced age and apparently a very accomplished golfer. Apart from laying the foundation stone of the world's first golf clubhouse, his name is on the St Andrew's minute shortening the Old Course to be eighteen holes in 1764. His renown portrait and copies of it feature prominently in golf histories and the clubhouses of his home clubs.

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Why Join the Masons?

Why should you join the Masons when you could create your own Secret Society?

We could not resist buying this book when we saw in a local book store.

Published 2006, which means that we have been without the pearls of wisdom it contains for more than ten years! Here is a review from Amazon: 'Rejected by the Freemasons? Not bright enough for the Illuminati? Burnt by the Hell Fire Club? No friends in high places to get you into the Bilderberg or the Bohemian Grove? Feeling isolated and powerless? Fear not. There is an answer...Why not start your own secret society to add an air of mystery to your life and instantly alter the way you are perceived by family, friends and society at large. Learn the secrets of how to really influence people in business and politics by creating your own elitist fraternity. Discover the basic requirements for creating a clandestine sister or brotherhood with the ability to control, govern and influence events at the local or global level. Develop your own secret knowledge and hidden agenda while you plot to overthrow the powers that be through revolution and political or religious intrigue. Pierre Plantard and the Priory of Sion failed but you can avoid making the same mistakes they did by understanding what it really takes to maintain and develop a secret society. This book will show you all the requirements needed from choosing regalia to setting up a lodge, from electing a grand master to illustrating basic initiation ceremonies.

It will also guide you on how to take historical events, great works of art and famous names to mold them into your desires for global domination'. Although essentially lighted-hearted this book actually offers some sensible insights as to the problem of being labelled a 'secret society.' http://www.amazon.co.uk/How-Start-Your-Secret-‌/‌/1904048846 [If only they knew that we can hardly run our Grand Lodges & Lodges let alone ruling a country, continent, the world!]

Thoroughly recommended for the simple reason that it approaches the whole matter of the Illuminati, Freemasonry, Opus Dei, Priory of Sion, the Knights Templar, etc, etc.

From the GLoS Facebook page.

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Implosion?

What is happening within some Grand Lodges?

The law, Chapter 4281 of the Florida Statues, incorporates the Most Worshipful Grand Lodge of Free and Accepted Masons of Florida. And the language reads, "consisting of Masons exclusively of the white race."

Grand Secretary Richard Lynn says they are aware of the Jim Crow Law and, in 1993, one hundred years later, the Lodge approved a Declaration of Principles to, as he said, negate the 1893 law. It reads, in part: "The Digest of Masonic Law of Florida does not authorize a member of a particular lodge to object to the petition for membership to receive the Three Degrees of masonry, or to visitation by an otherwise qualified visiting Mason, if the objection is based upon the grounds of race, creed, color. . . Such objections are illegal under the State and Federal law and Masons are bound to abide by such laws."

Lynn says they would agree to have the language removed from the 1893 law, but they're against dissolving the corporation to accomplish the change as such a move would impact the organization financially. The case has been filed in Federal Court and goes to trial in November.

The Grand Lodge of California has taken recognition away from the GL of George and Tennessee. Why? Read the following extract:

The GL of California has tried to distance itself from this as it has been adversely affecting their public programmes from schools and universities. Very sad that the Craft is caught up in cases of race and homosexuality.

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The Pillar Degree Military lodges had warrants to allow them to meet where ever a regiment was stationed.

Special Garrison Battalions were formed during the Napoleonic Wars to free regular army units to fight on the Continent and they also received warrants. It turns out that a warrant for Lodge 995 in Ireland. It was issued on 7th April 1808 to hold a lodge in the 8th Garrison Battalion, based in Cork.

The Garrison Battalions were frequently re-organised and in 1810, Bros Stephen Leeke, Joseph Cockroft and Richard Thomas, Master and Wardens of Lodge 995, sought permission from Grand Lodge to move the warrant to the 1st Garrison Battalion, the 8th having been disbanded. The 1st Garrison Battalion was then itself disbanded in 1814, and Bros. John Sparks, Robert Clarke and Wm. Waring, petitioned Grand Lodge on 7th July 1814 to issue a duplicate of warrant 995 and to hold a Lodge in Bantry with 48 brethren on the register as at June 1814. Warrant 995 was finally cancelled in January, 1830 with 34 brethren registered.

Lodge 995 was part of the “Trowbridge Union Band” which was an old Irish degree called the “Union Band of Royal Arch High Knight Templar Pillared Priests”. To deliver this degree, 7 lodges would “band together” into a Union Band, each having its own seal. There would be an 8th seal held by the secretary of the Band. The individual seals were illustrated with various implements and each bore a text : Let Truth / Stand / Though The / Universe / Should / Sink Into Ruin. On the 8th or Great Seal is a Passion Cross, the letters I.N.R.I. with the motto In Hoc Signo Vinces well known to RC and Conclave masons.

The Lodge of Research records this event of a Pillared Priest degree: “Given under the sanction of Lodge No. 995 in H.M.’s 8th Garrison Battalion, at Cork, 20 February, 1809, and signed: J. Moody, Frances Garner, Wm Arscott, Abraham Howell, Julian Fannuar, John Guy, Bernard Thomas, as the seven Grand Pillars, and Stephen Luke, as Grand Scribe. Red wax impression of seal engraved: “Trowbridge Union Band”, Lodge No, 995 Ancient, and attached to White (for Priestly Order), Black (for Knight Templar), Green (for Red Cross Mason), Red (for Royal Arch), and Blue (for Master Mason) ribbons, superimposed upon each other.”

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Blunders Charity without Connection Big institutional charities often require that fund raisers be conducted and large checks written to the people that actually perform the charity. This type of charity is devoid of self improvement because it has no real connection. If we extend our hands to our needed Brethren and devote our own skills and time to their problems, then we are engaging in true, meaningful charity.

Frugality without Discretion Frugality is not a tenet of Freemasonry, a cardinal virtue, or a Landmark. It is okay for the lodge to spend its funds on worthwhile activities that will enhance the Masonic experience of its Brethren. Not everything should be done in the cheapest way, a habit to which we have become accustomed.

May Events in 242

Thursday 12th—MMD by OBs Friday 27th—MMMD by St. Andrew, Annan No.1443 Visit: Thursday 5th —EAD at Union & Crown, Neilston Tuesday 10th May—MM at Dalmuir, Clydebank J o i n t Di vi n e S e rv i ce o n S u n d a y 8 th Ma y , 2 0 16 in L od g e C ra i g e n d s No . 1 04 2

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Subscribers (October 1873)

The above list was quoted as the subscribers to The Masonic News. Some well known names indeed. From Grand Masters to high ranking army officers to various landed gentry. Some are of interest to us:    

Sir Michael Shaw Stewart MP—Renfrewshire West Colonel Archibald Campbell MP—Lord Blytheswood (later Grand Master Mason) Colonel William Mure of Caldwell MP—member of 242 and PGM Kilwinning Captain Hodgarth—member of 242 (as well as most of his family)

A fine collection of gentlemen and high ranking masons supporting this venture. Today in Scotland, we only have The Ashlar as a masonic magazine. However, unlike the Masonic News, the support for it from many in the Scottish Craft is not there for some reason. Sadly, this includes many brethren in PGLs and the GL.

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Builders of the Silent Cities Lodge This is a founder member’s jewel from the English Constitution lodge, Builders of the Silent City No. 4948. The jewel is silver gilt and enamel and this particular example was presented to the Foundation Senior Warden in this new Lodge. The Lodge which meets in Freemasons’ Hall in London, was founded in 1927 and many of the Foundation Members were on the staff of the W.W.1. War Graves Commission. Bro. Rudyard Kipling was one of the Founder Members of this Lodge.

The Centre has depicted one of the cemeteries in Flanders Fields and the graves of those valiant soldiers who fell during the Great War of 1914-1918.

A full history can be read at : http://www.buildersofthesilentcities.org.uk/

The Grand Lodge of Scotland is having a doors open day. Check out the Facebook page or the website for details, or just turn up.

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Masonic Lodges Worldwide The lodge in Sligo just south of Donegal in Ireland was built in 1895 although Light of the West Lodge No.20 and Lodge 355 dates from 1760. The photos show an early picture and one today still looking impressive as it over looks the town.

This old lodge has many artefacts that are of interest to the masonic world as shown below.

The first being an old silk apron which is no longer allowed to be worn, but is a splendid example of what we did wear before strict rules were enforced. Another is the old lodge chest with Royal Arch insignia complete with the three locks used by the Master, Senior and Junior Wardens of Light of the West Lodge.

This the first in a series of three Irish lodges over the next three editions.

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The Old Johnstone Town Hall The foundation stone of the Town Hall was laid on 14 September 1867 by Bro. Colonel Campbell of Blythswood (better known in masonic circles as Lord Blythswood He was the Right Worshipful Grand Master of the Provincial Grand Lodge of Renfrewshire East. On that day a large procession proceeded to the site of the Town Hall, More than half the cost of the Town Hall was obtained by donations and subscriptions from all members of the community.

The amount collected in this way was almost £1669. Among the main donors were Bro. George L. Houstoun, Messrs. Finlayson, Bousfield and Co., Bro. Captain Loudon, Mr. C.H. Bousfield, Messrs. Brown, Malloch and Co., Mr. Thomas Coats, Bro. Sir Michael Shaw-Stewart and Mr. Andrew Coats. The six hundred persons could be accommodated in the public hall. A games room, library and reading room were also located in the Town Hall. This building has long been demolished, replaced with a monstrosity, but this year with a better structure costing £14.5 million although sadly with no masonic honours which is now commonplace.

Let there be Light!

A lodge in Illinois, US has found a novel way to show off a plain building and by using what else—light!

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Someone with plenty of time The following is a link to public records showing freemasons in 2007: http://www.public-interest.co.uk/masons/Scottish_Masons_2007.xls The data has been taken from the GLoS Year Book which details all masters and secretaries as well as PGL and GL officer-bearers. This particular journalist is clearly not a busy man and looking at the website, this is not surprising. I wouldn’t recommend wasting time checking it out although I have given the link.

The page also includes all the details of the UGLE at that period. It just shows what lengths some people will go to trying to make freemasons sound sinister or corrupt or? Who knows what goes through some people’s minds!

An Unfortunate Lodge Name?

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A Templar in Action!

A new World Record in aid of the London Air Ambulance Appeal!

Yesterday, Sunday 24th April, Bro. David Cooke of Westminster City Council Lodge No. 2882 ran the London Marathon in aid of the London Air Ambulance Appeal wearing full upper body, hood and glove chainmail and in the process was attempting to beat the current world record of 5:49:0. Finishing in a time of 5:45:52, ‘Chainmail Dave’ is. . . the new Guinness World Record holder.

He talks about the challenges of his World record attempt at http://tinyurl.com/zeqkyzs and is interviewed at http://tinyurl.com/h58vny8 and just as importantly, you can still sponsor him on his Just Giving Page which can be found athttps://www.justgiving.com/CookiesWR/.

In Memoriam The dead are like the stars by day … withdrawn from mortal eye… yet not extinct that hold their way In glory through the sky… .Spirits of bondage thus set free… .Vanish amidst immensity… While human thought… .Like human sight… .Fail to pursue…. Their trackless flight.

It is with deep sadness and much regret that we have to inform you of a loss sustained to the craft in Renfrewshire in the passing to the Grand Lodge above of the following Brother: Bros. Kenny McDonald and Archie Sinclair

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To submit an article or want added to the mail list or facebook group, contact the Editor: Grant Macleod: E-Mail:

sec242pm@yahoo.co.uk

Thanks to Bro. Allan Stobo PM for proof reading.

Don’t forget to support The Ashlar magazine— Scotland’s only Masonic magazine.

Just click on the magazine to find out more.

Cross Keys May 2016