www.totalboarding.co.uk SEPTEMBER / OCTOBER 2018
Contents
D
eciding on the right pet care professional for your beloved pet, can be a worry, whether it be choosing a kennels or cattery, a groomer or vet. This month Dean Hart takes away some of the guess work for selecting a canine behaviour councillor. Becky Howe looks at effective socialisation and how this can be implemented within the kennel environment and we have lovely case study from Denise McGlennon on how a professional groom helped restore self-esteem to a little cat. On science and veterinary, the PFMA jog our memory to the importance of water as an essential nutrient. And we have a three page treat from Dr Vicky Adams as she brings up right up to date with the latest research into GDV. Do please keep your ideas for future articles, news about your business or feedback coming. We would love to feature your kennel or cattery, so don’t be shy, contact me Meriel France at editor@ totalboarding.co.uk , I am waiting to hear from you.
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Nighty Night
Contents 4
News
16 Gastric dilatation/volvulus (GDV) Dr Vicki Adams brings us up to date with the latest research on this distressing emergency condition.
22 Finding a professional canine behaviourist Dean Hart MCFBA, AABCP untangles the hotchpotch.
26 Water, water everywhere Editor www.totalboarding.co.uk
Editor Sue Corfield – editor@totalgroomingmagazine.co.uk
Commercial Director
The PFMA remind us how important this over looked nutrient is.
Neera Khan neera@tgmpublishing.co.uk
Design and Production
Mike Smith – mike@tgmpublishing.co.uk
Grant Waters – grant@cimltd.co.uk James Taylor – james@cimltd.co.uk Lisa Humphrey - lisa@cimltd.co.uk
Account Manager
Credit Facilities Manager
Becky Smith – becky@tgmpublishing.co.uk
Natalie Murray – creditcontrol@cimltd.co.uk T: 01795 509103
30 A new hairdo Denise McGlennon CFMG describes how a professional groom can work wonders on a cat’s self-confidence.
38 Nighty night Patricia Naish (DipCABT) discusses small animal bedding.
44 Getting to know you Becky Howe BSc (Hons)talks about essential early socialisation.
48 Bulli The story continues…..
© 2018 TGM Publishing Limited, The Goods Shed, Jubilee Way, Whitstable Road, Faversham, Kent ME13 8GD. No part of this magazine may be reproduced or stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form – electronic, mechanical or physical – without express prior permission and written consent of the publisher. Contributions are invited and when not accepted will be returned only if accompanied by a fully stamped and addressed envelope. Manuscripts should be type written. No responsibility can be taken for drawings, photographs or literary contributions during transmission or in the editor’s hands. In the absence of an agreement the copyright of all contributions, literary, photographic or artistic, belongs to TGM Publishing Limited. The publisher accepts no responsibility in respect of advertisements appearing in the magazine and the opinions expressed do not necessarily represent the views of the Publisher. The Publisher cannot accept liability for any loss arising from the late appearance or non publication of any advertisement.
Total Boarding Magazine | 3
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Latest news and product round-up Breakthrough in treatment of deadly ‘Alabama rot’
‘Look before you lock’
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esearchers have made a ground-breaking discovery in the treatment of Alabama rot, a deadly disease that affects
dogs. Alabama rot – properly known as cutaneous and renal glomerular vasculopathy or CRGV –first emerged in Alabama in the 1980s, giving it its nickname. The lack of understanding on how it spreads or can be stopped has led to high fatality rates for dogs that develop it. The reason for its sudden appearance in the UK six years ago also remains a mystery. It causes small clots in blood vessels, which eventually result in skin ulcers, tissue damage, and kidney failure in many cases. Many theories have been put forward about the cause; anything from E. coli-produced toxins to parasites and bacteria. But without knowing the exact source it is
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impossible to develop an effective cure. The breakthrough treatment offered by the Royal Veterinary College’s Queen Mother Hospital for Animals is known as therapeutic plasma exchange or plasmapheresis. This method involves filtering all the patient’s blood so that toxic substances, including whatever causes CRGV, are removed. Once filtered, the blood is returned to the patient. Its development was made possible by the discovery of the similarities between Alabama rot in dogs and thrombotic microangiopathy in humans, which is also treated with plasma exchange. The QMHA academics reported that two out of six dogs that underwent plasmapheresis made a full recovery. The full findings of the research have been published in Frontiers in Veterinary Science.
plea for the public to check their sheds and garages for cats has been issued following a rise in the number of missing felines this summer. Cats Protection is asking people to ‘look before you lock’ to avoid curious kitties becoming trapped after receiving a spike in missing cat reports during the last month. The charity’s national information line handled nearly 250 missing cat calls during July –- a 60% increase on the monthly average – because cats are more likely to roam during warmer weather. “The tendency for cats to wander further away from home when the weather is warm explains why there has been an increase in reports of missing cats during this recent heatwave,” said Nicky Trevorrow, Cats Protection’s behaviour manager. “They are notoriously curious creatures that like to investigate their surroundings and unfortunately this can result in them getting trapped in outbuildings. And because cats won’t always meow for attention if they are afraid, the risk is they go unnoticed so we’re asking people to have a really good check before locking up, particularly if you are aware of any cats missing in your area.”
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Latest news and product round-up Call to tighten up on animal cruelty
Whats in a name?
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he Government must make good on its commitment to embed animal sentience in law pre-Brexit, vets say. The British Veterinary Association has responded this week to the Government’s update following a consultation on the Animal Welfare (Sentencing and Recognition of Sentience) Bill. The announcement centred on a pledge to introduce tougher sentences for animal cruelty, with those who commit the most serious offences facing up to five years in prison compared to the current six-month maximum. The response also contains a commitment to working with welfare organisations to ensure that animal sentience is properly recognised in legislation after the UK has withdrawn from the EU.
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The BVA has been campaigning hard for animal sentience to be enshrined in UK law before Brexit and co-ordinated an open letter on the subject from more than 1,200 vets, vet nurses and students towards the end of last year. John Fishwick, president of the BVA, said: “It’s of course encouraging to see that the government is committed to enshrining animal sentience in law before we leave the EU, but with time running out the government must ensure that these words are translated into decisive action. “Recognising animals as sentient beings sends a strong signal to the global community that the UK continues to be a world leader when it comes to animal welfare. It’s imperative that the government earmarks enough time in an increasingly-crowded legislative agenda to bring it into law.”
igger and Daisy are the most ‘purr-fect’ cat names in the UK, according to research released this week. A survey commissioned by natural and raw cat food business Natures Menu in celebration of World Cat Day tomorrow (August 8), found that Tigger was the most popular name for a male cat, while Daisy was the top choice for our female furry friends. It seems that cat owners could be inspired by A.A. Milne’s Winnie the Pooh when it comes to choosing a name for their male cat. For the shes, Daisy comes out top, just one of many human-sounding names that is proving to be a hit. Celebrity cat names feature on the list, with both Olivia and Meredith, Taylor Swift’s cats’ names, making it into the top 10. Elsa and Belle also appeared in the list showing that Disney film favourites continues to be as popular as ever with families. Harry and Meghan both feature in the top 10 – could it be that the Royal Wedding of Prince Harry and Meghan, now the Duchess of Sussex, has sparked a new kitten-naming trend. Garfield and Simba are also a common choice, with Tiddles still clinging on by its claws! Melanie Sainsbury, veterinary education manager at Natures Menu, said: “It’s a lot of fun to see which names come out on top and how we are inspired by celebrities, the royals and ourselves. We love to humanise our family cats with names like Meredith, Harry and Olivia, but it’s important to remember that cats have different needs from us…although we all love a nap!
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Latest news and product round-up The Strange Sleeping Habits Of Animals
Calling all dog owners
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n online site has launched that allows Britons to learn about how animals get some shut eye and decide for themselves what type of animal they’re most like when it comes to their sleeping patterns. Baby dolphins, for example, don’t sleep very much, if at all, for the first few months, whilst tigers are known to sleep for 18 to 20 hours a day. The team at home interiors specialist, www.hillarys.co.uk, has created the Sleeping Habits Of Animals online site [www.hillarys.co.uk/static/sleepinghabits-of-animals/] that allows Britons to find out more about how the animal kingdom sleeps, with it exploring 17 varieties of critters. Sleeping Habits Of Animals was created as part of an ongoing sleep campaign by the home interiors brand.
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Users can visit the site and find out how their favourite creatures manage to get their shut eye when they are in the wild. It also gives them the chance to decide for themselves which animals they are most like. With family pets, dogs in particular like to stay close to their family, hence many climb into bed or sleep on laps. Cats like to sleep for up to 20 to 24 hours a day, but their sleeping patterns are also affected by the weather, hence they can be known to sleep more during rainy days. Lions are known to have it good when it comes to getting shut eye; male lions can sleep between 18 to 20 hours a day (sometimes up to 24 after a hearty meal), whilst females sleep slightly less as they’re typically the ones out hunting and taking care of the cubs.
cademics from the University of Bristol’s School of Veterinary Sciences are asking for dog owners to take part in a new research study that could help to improve dog welfare. With a population of nine million, dogs are the UK’s most popular pet and 26 per cent of household’s own dogs. The study conducted by PhD student Izzie Philpotts, and researchers at Bristol’s Vet School, aims to improve their understanding of how best to look after dogs. Dr Nicola Rooney, Teaching Fellow in Animal Welfare and Behaviour at the University of Bristol’s School of Veterinary Sciences, and one of the researchers on the project, said: “With dog ownership on the rise and dogs being the UK’s favourite pet, we are keen to hear from dog owners about all aspects of their pet’s life. We have completed similar research about rabbits and guinea pigs which produced some important findings. Now it’s time to turn our attention to man’s best friend – the dog. “We want to know all about dog ownership practices such as, what breed or type of dog people have, how their dog behaves, reasons for getting a dog and what influences an owner’s decision. We hope this will be the biggest survey of UK dog owners ever - so please help by sharing it.” By completing the survey, participants will also be given the opportunity to win £100 worth of Amazon vouchers. To complete the survey please go to ‘Dog owner survey’ or for more information, contact Dr Nicola Rooney on tel: 0117 928 9469.
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PATS Telford shapes up to be a memorable show
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ith so many exciting plans for 2018, PATS Telford is shaping up to be another record-breaking event in
September. The two-day exhibition attracted 2,148 visitors in 2017 – the third year in a row that the 2,000 barrier had been broken – and hopes are high that even this record total will be bettered this year. With still two months to the show more than 170 companies have already booked their stand space, so retailers and buyers can be certain the exhibition hall at The Telford International Centre will be packed with hundreds of new products. As well as meeting up with a long list of PATS regulars, visitors will be greeted by a host of new faces when the show takes place on Sunday, September 23, and Sunday, September 24, 2018. More than 50 companies are exhibiting at PATS Telford for the first time as they grasp the opportunity to showcase their products to retailers and overseas distributors. Companies like Nylabone acknowledge the importance of exhibiting at the UK’s number one pet trade exhibition. “Following the success of our first PATS at Sandown earlier this year, we are delighted to be showcasing our products at Telford,” said commercial manager Jason Booker. “We are confident that the show will enable us to gain further exposure for our new Edible Snacks range, helping to secure the company’s position in a highly competitive market place.” Jack Walker, of new company Scrumbles, said: “We’re makers of good food for cats and dogs. Having just launched, we are looking forward
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to meeting independent retailers that can join us on our adventure.” Another new exhibitor, K9 Connectables, is looking for UK distribution partners to help bring its unique range of dog toys and treats to the UK pet market. “We are launching a brand new range of small, medium and large toy sets along with our premium functional treat range which helps to keep dogs entertained and engaged,” said James McIlvenna. More international exhibitors are also using PATS as a platform to launch their products on to the UK market. One of PATS Telford’s most popular features is the New Product Showcase, sponsored by pbwnews, which saw an impressive number of over 300 entries last year. Early indications suggest this figure will increase in 2018, and all items will be displayed prominently in the exhibition hall. The Showcase entries will be judged by a panel of retailers for the New
Product Awards on the first morning of the show, and the winners will receive their honours at the PetQuip Awards Dinner on the evening of the opening day. To help make the visitor experience even more enjoyable and rewarding, visitors will receive free show entry, free parking, a free catalogue and many special offers. There will also be a full programme of free seminars and grooming demonstrations. To register for free entry to the show and to view the full list of exhibitors visit www. patshow.co.uk
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PFMA Rabbit Nutrition & Welfare Symposium 2018 – It’s Hay All The Way
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he Pet Food Manufacturers’ Association (PFMA) hosted its second Rabbit Nutrition and Welfare Symposium in central London on 21 June. The event brought together over 60 pet food manufacturers, retailers, welfare organisations, vets and academics to discuss the latest science on rabbit welfare topics and how the sector can work together to improve the wellbeing of the 900,000[1] pet rabbits in the UK. The collaborative event was a great success with renowned rabbit experts including Dr Nicola Rooney, Richard Saunders MRCVS and Molly Vagra MRCVS, presenting on all aspects of rabbit welfare before agreeing three key messages for rabbit owners.
1. A rabbit sized bundle of good quality hay a day Hay was the buzz word of the day with 12 | Total Boarding Magazine
all delegates in agreement that every rabbit should have a rabbit sized bundle of hay a day. Rabbits need a high level of fibre in their diet, and hay is the most common source of this for them. [2] Hay quality is important too but a clear and simple message on quantity is needed for rabbit owners as a first step.
2. Commercial rabbit food has a role to play The experts agreed that commercially prepared rabbit food has an important role to play in supplementing a pet rabbit’s diet but
portion control is vital. How to feed is considered as relevant as what to feed. Food provides nutrition but also creates opportunities for a rabbit to express natural behaviour through foraging (scattering feed, puzzle feeders) and bonding with owners (hand feeding), both enhance well-being.
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We don’t build sheds, or garden furniture, we design and build premium bespoke living accommodation for cats. This is a new era for animal housing. Expectations have risen dramatically over the last 5 years meaning customers want larger, lighter, luxurious living spaces for their beloved animals and what better way to ease the wave of guilt you might feel when leaving home watched by two large, sad eyes, than to know your furry friend will be enjoying five star luxury in your absence. Each individual cat house or run is made from scratch by the team of expert joiners in our factory near Bristol. Some weeks we are busy manufacturing enormous 30 pen catteries ready to be delivered and installed in Scotland, other days we will be putting together a bespoke garden run for a cat lover a couple of miles away. Whatever we are doing, we are doing it with the love, care and attention to detail that people have come to know and expect from a Lindee Lu building.
Whether you foster, breed or have been thinking about running a little business from home with a boarding cattery, we are here to help you make your dreams a reality. Why not give us a call for a chat? We don’t hard sell, we don’t insist you buy a minimum number of pens and it doesn’t matter how large or small your project is. Email: sales@lindee-lu.co.uk or call 01275 853800 Find us on Facebook https://www.facebook.com/LindeeLuLtd/
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3. Fit bunny, not fat bunny Rabbit obesity is an issue that needs to be addressed. Education on what is a healthy body shape for rabbits, increased opportunities for exercise and following feeding guidelines on rabbit food packets are the practical steps needed. Food (taken from the daily portion) can also be used to encourage activity, for instance, digging and foraging for food, reaching for food on higher platforms and in hanging devices. Michael Bellingham, PFMA Chief Executive explained: “This seminar has been a highlight in our year. The range of delegates from industry to vets and welfare bodies, quickly reached consensus in all areas. Without doubt it is ‘hay all the way’ and there is a need to collaborate on education. We have all been working to improve rabbit welfare and what has become very clear today is the potential for us to do this more effectively if we all have a collaborative approach. We look forward to bringing the next steps to life.” 14 | Total Boarding Magazine
References: The session was opened with a series of presentations from an expert panel, which included: Event Chair, Chris Laurence FRCVS (Chairman of Canine & Feline Sector Group), Dr Ambrose Tinarwo (Hadlow College), Molly Varga MRCVS (Rutland Veterinary Referrals), Dr Nicola Rooney (University of Bristol), Richard Saunders MRCVS (Bristol Zoo and RWAF Veterinary Adviser) and Dr Wanda McCormick (Anglia Ruskin University). PFMA coordinated the event with support from the Pet Industry Federation (PIF) – the membership organisation for the pet industry specialist in the UK. For more information, please visit http://www. petcare.org.uk/
Useful resources: The Importance of Hay poster is a visual chart that shows the essential components of a rabbit’s diet and what quantities need to be fed: https:// www.pfma.org.uk/_assets/posters/
importance-of-hay.pdf The PFMA Rabbit Size-O-Meter is a simple chart to help owners assess whether their rabbits are a healthy size. This is free to download at: https://www.pfma.org.uk/ rabbit-size-o-meter
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Total Boarding Magazine | 15
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Bloat and Gastric Dilation Volvulus (GDV) in Dogs
Bloat is a condition that occurs when the stomach fills with gas and this may develop into gastric dilatation/volvulus (GDV) or gastric torsion when the stomach twists on itself. Although all breeds have been reported to have suffered from some sort of bloat, GDV is most common in the deep chested and larger breed dogs; this is thought to occur because these breeds have more room inside the abdomen for the stomach to fill with gas, move and potentially twist. Vicki J Adams, BSc DVM MSc PhD MRCVS explains.
T
he Canine Gastric DilatationVolvulus Research Program at the School of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University (https://www.instituteofcaninebiology. org/bloat-purdue-study.html) has led the way in GDV research in many breeds, including the Akita, bloodhound, collie, Dobermann pinscher, Great dane, Irish setter, Irish wolfhound, Newfoundland, Rottweiler, St. Bernard, standard poodle and weimaraner breeds. Whilst the exact cause(s) of GDV is still not well understood, several dietary and nondietary risk factors have been identified (Raghavan, 2006). Early studies showed that there is an increased risk of GDV with increasing age, having a firstdegree relative with GDV and being fed from a raised food bowl. More recent studies have also identified an increased risk associated with the feeding of dry foods containing fat among the first four ingredients or citric acid whilst there is a decreased risk of GDV associated with the feeding of dry foods containing a rendered meat meal with bone product among the first four ingredients. Moistening of dry food alone did not change the GDV risk, although dry foods containing citric acid that were moistened prior to feeding increased the risk. About
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Deep chested dogs are more prone to bloat and gastric torsion
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Feeding too soon before or after exercise may cause problems
one-third of all cases of GDV in one study could be attributed to consumption of dry foods containing fat among their first four ingredients or citric acid, respectively (Raghavan, 2002). It is hoped that owners and others who care for dogs can use these findings to reduce the risk of GDV in affected breeds. A common non-dietary trigger that is considered to contribute to the development of GDV is anxiety. When a dog, or even a human, becomes anxious they tend to swallow more air (aerophagia) and this can cause the stomach to fill and swell in size. It is common for stressed dogs in kennels to become anxious so this something to watch out for. Dietary factors include the type of food fed as well as the feeding routine. Large, less frequent meals may be a factor because, if a dog is very hungry and gobbles their food, they are likely to take in more air. Also, when dogs are fed too soon before or after exercise, problems may develop. If dogs are switched from one type of food to another that is made up of very fermentable foodstuffs which they are not used to, gas may be produced at an 18 | Total Boarding Magazine
abnormal rate that can overwhelm the ability of the dog to pass the gas into the oesophagus or intestines. When a gastric torsion occurs, the spleen may also be involved in the twisting and this will result in more swelling and pain; this can be confused with a neoplastic growth or cancer, especially in older dogs. Bloating in dogs is a serious emergency although it may not require emergency surgery. If the stomach twists, it then develops into what can become a rapidly fatal emergency without the appropriate treatment. Time is crucial. If you think your dog is showing any of the signs below, then contact your veterinary surgeon for advice immediately. Clinical signs can range from mild discomfort that shows itself as pacing or just being unsettled to repeated retching without vomiting and, eventually, to shock and collapse. The signs of bloat/GDV may be subtle or overt and diagnosis is not always straightforward as the textbooks would lead us to believe. Some dogs may have waxing and waning signs over several hours or even days before it
becomes more evident that there is a problem. Successful treatment requires early detection and intervention. It is important to be familiar with a dog’s normal behaviour and to know how to detect when something is wrong (see Box for signs that may help you to recognise if a dog has a problem).
An affected dog 1. That is anxious may pant, pace around or try unsuccessfully to vomit (retching) – these are early warning signs 2. May also swallow too much air when anxious or if they eat too fast 3. May be feeling nauseated with resulting excessive salivation that may lead to drooling if the dog cannot vomit or swallow down the saliva 4. May show signs of pain by looking at or trying to bite their abdomen; in severe cases, dogs may press their head against a wall with acute severe pain
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Difficulty breathing may also occur with GDV as the expanded/twisted stomach pushes against the diaphragm, preventing the lungs from expanding to their normal size; this may cause more discomfort, anxiety and panic. It may also cause the whole body to suffer from decreased oxygen intake, leading to the death of cells in many tissues. Once at a veterinary clinic, a full physical examination will often show raised heart and respiratory rates, poor pulse quality, abnormal mucous membrane colour and poor capillary refill time. Often a blood sample is taken for a full blood count to check the condition of the vital organs. Sometimes, depending on the respiratory situation the dog is given oxygen to help them breathe. The next step is usually to x-ray the dog to determine the position of the stomach and if surgery is required. During this time, intravenous fluids and medications may be given to help stabilise the dog’s condition and give some pain relief. A stomach may be passed through the mouth, down the oesophagus and into the stomach to decompress the stomach and relieve the pressure; alternatively, a small patch of fur from the left flank may be clipped and prepped to allow penetration of the abdominal wall with a catheter to release the excess gas. If surgery is required, it will involve an exploratory laparotomy to open up the abdomen and allow assessment, decompression and repositioning of the affected organs. More often than not the dog’s stomach is sutured to the abdominal wall to prevent a reoccurrence of the torsion. Mortality associated with gastric torsion have been reported to be as high as 15-30%, with complication and death rates increasing as severity of signs and time from onset increase. Death is more likely to occur if dogs with GDV have been showing clinical signs for > 6 hours, have heart problems prior to surgery, require removal of part of the stomach due to loss of blood supply and/or removal of the spleen. Once a dog has recovered from anaesthesia and surgery, complications may occur during the convalescent phase of 20 | Total Boarding Magazine
Great Dane’s and Weimaraner’s are amongst the breeds included in the research
recovery: an infection or breakdown of the external wound or internal suture site may occur; toxins may be released from traumatised tissues that were deprived of blood flow and may cause major complications such as peritonitis, abnormal heart rhythms or even sudden death. Most dogs will be kept in hospital for at least 48 hours for monitoring. Exercise should be restricted for a few weeks whilst the dog is recovering from any surgery. Dietary changes may be recommended and may include feeding a different type of food, feeding in three or four smaller meals as opposed to one large meal or not feeding just dry food on its own (either soaking it or adding in wet food). Some breeds of dog that have had relatives suffer with GDV can have the stomach sutured to the abdomen wall during neutering or as a separate procedure (called prophylactic gastropexy) to prevent the problem occurring later in life. You can help raise awareness of canine bloat and GDV by telling your clients about this distressing emergency condition. You can ask for a PDF copy or a free pack of leaflets written by Gill Arney and Derek Hamilton, together with input from veterinary surgeons, by e-mailing email
info@safedog.co.uk. These two owners of Beau the Dobermann pinscher set up the Canine Bloat Awareness campaign and Facebook page their dog survived an episode of gastric torsion in 2008. Their message is very simple: if you see any signs of bloat/GDV, then get your dog to a vet practice as soon as possible.
References Raghavan M, Glickman NW, Glickman LT. 2006. The effect of ingredients in dry dog foods on the risk of gastric dilatation-volvulus in dogs. Journal of the American Animal Hospital Association. Jan-Feb;42(1):28-36. Raghavan M. 2002. Diet -related risk factors for gastric dilatation -volvulus in dogs of high -risk breeds: A nested case-control study (Dissertation abstract). Purdue University available at https://docs.lib.purdue.edu/ dissertations/AAI3099198/ Dr Vicki Adams MRCVS is a Veterinary Epidemiology Consultant, Editor of the Veterinary Record Open and Acting Chief Executive, Animal Cancer Trust. Vicki has recently joined the committee of ALiKC as Veterinary Advisor. For further information on ALIKC membership, benefits and details of the conference please visit: www.alikc.org.uk
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Navigating the ‘’Pet Professional’’ minefield When I was asked to write something on ‘what is needed to be canine behaviour counsellor’, the first thing I thought is just how many words do I have? Dean Hart MCFBA, AABCP talks us through the complexities of choosing a professional canine behaviourist.
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his is such a huge and controversial subject. I am certain I will include something to offend somebody in just the few words I have. Lets’ just think for a moment. What is the goal of a professional canine behaviourist? They should have a driven desire to help and support the owner, the owner’s family and the dog. This career path is not a crusade or an ego trip or a power game. It shouldn’t be an opportunity to slate owners either, although you do meet the most ridiculous sometimes! I have worked as a canine behaviourist over the last 22 years I have seen many people set up as dog trainers, call themselves behaviourists, they have come and gone. Ultimately because the job itself is tough and I don’t just mean physically, if you possess empathy and you should, this career brings its own emotional strain. When I chat to potential students and they say: - ‘I don’t like people, but I love dogs’ I think ‘Really, which bit of you wants to counsel a distressed owner then?’ I don’t waste my time anymore; my students need to care about people too if they want to enter this career. So just what skills and knowledge should a behaviourist possess? This is where I need more words! Firstly, let’s bring in animal welfare, a behaviourist must comply with relevant animal health and welfare legislation, I am not going to discuss rehabilitation methods, this is another huge topic for debate, just that there must be an
22 | Total Boarding Magazine
Learning theory needs to be linked to effective practical application
understanding and ability to assess and provide for the short term and longer welfare needs of any animal. This also means that a behaviourist needs knowledge of physiology, has an ability to health check and assess canine physical conditions and recognise signs of pain. With this is a need to handle dogs with compassion, suitability and safety. To do this appropriately they must possess an in-depth knowledge of canine communication and how to adapt their own body language to work with anxious, fearful, aggressive, playful, excited, maternal and other canine emotional states and bear in mind this may be while being watched by the client and family! There is the owner’s non-verbal communication to consider, a recognition of human emotional states and how to adapt to the client’s emotional needs is
paramount to a successful outcome. An understanding of the family’s dynamics will enable a good behaviourist to develop an appropriate rehabilitation plan. There can be personality clashes between a behaviourist and their client, they need to be professional, if this cannot be overcome then they should know their limitations and support their client by providing details of another suitable behaviour consultant and explain ‘tactfully’ while this may be a better route. This clash should not be just a difference of opinion on canine behaviour, the behaviourist skills should include an ability to work through issues with their client for a positive outcome. Some clients are really hard work, and often it is not their intention or normal personality but where owners experience behaviour problems with their pet this can
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A behaviourist must be able to work with the dogs owners too
‘light the touch paper’ for emotional outbursts, professional behaviourists understand and can work with this. Although a prospective client can’t ask a behaviourist if they have these skills, when they first make telephone contact they will gain an impression from the initial call. If a client expresses how they are feeling, how the family is coping, talks about the emotional difficulties they may be experiencing in addition to describing the problem they are experiencing with their dog, the response from the behaviourist should give away everything at this point about how they work! What empathy did they demonstrate, were they supportive? or did they point blame? Did they seem ‘flippant’ or rushed? If they were busy did they apologise and offer to call the client back? A behaviourist should not provide an assessment or rehabilitation advice, by telephone, this would be unfair and, in my opinion, professionally incompetent but they should be supportive, encouraging and possess good listening skills. Often the initial assessments can be straight forward and the dog’s behaviour, drive states and triggers can be clearly identified, then the demand for additional skills starts here. Just how do you overcome 24 | Total Boarding Magazine
behaviour problems? Not everybody and every situation is the same, so attending College and gaining a qualification in animal behaviour and welfare may not be of any advantage if the behaviourist cannot apply the theory. Yes, behaviourists must possess an understanding of animal learning theories and canine behaviour but in addition to this they need to be able to think ‘outside’ of the box. We can all read how to overcome behaviour problems, so if a behaviourist tries to apply a method and it doesn’t work they should know how to assess why, evaluate and reapply or apply another method. I have been to clients where previous behaviourists have effectively ‘written off ’ their dog and the owners are in floods of tears. If the behaviourist is inexperienced but qualified they should have the strength to recognise their limitations and at these times work with others more experienced. Interpersonal skills are essential at all levels. A professional behaviourist will also need to take and maintain appropriate records and work within the Data Protection Principles, be able to produce appropriate written reports and rehabilitation plans and communicate these to the
A knowledge of physiology and animal welfare legislation is fundamental
referring vet surgeon. They also need an understanding of risk and risk assessment. Just who knows what or who what may be coming around the corner! Many canine behaviour associations list their Code of Ethics, a professional behaviourist should belong to a suitable association and adopt best practice, should include their own policies and procedures on their web site or in their brochure. For detailed information visit www.ukstandards. org and search for ‘canine behaviourist’, within Occupational Standards. Dean Hart MCFBA, AABCP is a Clinical Behaviourist and Consultant with Behaviour and Training Referrals. www. cbt-referrals.com.
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Water – the forgotten nutrient
We have had an amazing British summer with record temperatures and keeping hydrated has been an obvious mission. However, being well hydrated is important all year round yet water is often referred to as the forgotten nutrient. In this feature, PFMA shares some tips and advice to help you become more water aware.
Cats can be sensitive to different types of drinking vessels
The role of water Water is involved in every bodily function and makes up a significant proportion of any animal’s body weight. This is around 56% for an adult dog and 15% water loss would be lethal. Water helps to: • maintain body temperature • metabolise body fat • aids digestion • lubricates and cushions organs • transports nutrients through the body and flushes toxins out of the body and so has an important role in helping to prevent urinary tract issues.
Become water aware with the following advice: 26 | Total Boarding Magazine
Bowls are better than bottles as lapping from a bowl is more natural to rabbits
• For all pets, a supply of clean, fresh water needs to be available always. As a helpful guide and to increase a pet’s water intake try the 1+1 rule. This means for every 1 pet 1 water bowl + 1 more should be provided. So, for example if you have 2 cats provide 2 bowls (1 bowl each) + 1 more = 3 in total. • Many pets (especially cats) can be shy and so will often eat and drink in peace and quiet. If a pet is shy, water bowls can be placed in quieter areas. Also in parts of the house where the pet spends most of their time in. The kitchen isn’t always the best place • In addition to the daily supply of drinking water, pets will get some moisture from their food. A wet pet
food for cats and dogs is about 70-80% water. Pets on a wet diet may drink less than those on a dry food. • Healthy dogs will normally drink enough water to stay hydrated. There are many factors that can affect how much a dog will drink, for example, the environmental temperature, the amount of exercise the dog performs during the day etc. Owners need to replenish water supplies when needed. • Cats evolved from desert-dwelling creatures that developed an ability to conserve water quite well and didn’t need a lot of water to survive. As a result, cats tend to have a low thirst drive. However, it is still important that cats drink water and there are several ways cats can be
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15% water loss would be lethal
encouraged to drink more: • Multiple water bowls around the house will help with water consumption. Consider placing bowls in different or unusual places around the house. Cats often pay more attention to things that are different. • Vary the type of bowl, or consider using vessels other than bowls. Some cats will refuse to drink out of stainless steel bowls, whilst others will refuse plastic drinking vessels. • Water fountains are available in a variety of different configurations and styles. Many of them feature a waterfall as well as a bowl area from which a cat can drink. • Keep watering points away from litter trays. Cats don’t like to eat and drink near to their toilet. • Sometimes adding a couple of spoonfuls of juice from a can of tuna (tuna in water, not brine) to a bowl of drinking water will draw a cat’s interest and encourage them to lap. Remember not to let the flavoured water sit around for too long before replacing it with fresh water; the same principles owners would follow for 28 | Total Boarding Magazine
their cat’s wet food. • Including wet food in the diet is a natural way of increasing water intake. • For rabbits, the Rabbit Welfare Association and Fund (RWAF) provides some good advice: • Bowls are better than bottles as lapping from a bowl is more natural to rabbits. The spouts of bottles can get clogged. Bowls may get spilled or knocked. RWAF recommend offering both to encourage drinking and always ensure a fresh supply. Any water spillage should be cleared up so that your pet’s bedding stays clean and dry. Change the water in both daily, clean them regularly to keep them free from slime and debris. • Rabbits eating a lot of fresh grass and greens will drink less, whilst those eating hay will drink more. Monitoring water consumption is a useful way to monitor a pet’s health. If there is a notable increase or decrease in water intake, owners should be encouraged to consult their vet as it can be a sign of certain conditions such as diabetes.
WATER: Water is the most important of all the nutrients. An animal can lose all of its fat and half of its protein and survive, but only a 10% loss of body water (dehydration) causes serious illness and a 15% loss would be fatal. Water constitutes 84% of a newborn puppy and around 56% of an adult dog. Water is necessary for almost every function the animal body performs. Function: as a constituent of blood, eliminating wastes through urination, assisting the control of temperature through evaporation, aids digestion. Source: Drinking water, food, and metabolic water. *Metabolic water is released when protein, carbohydrate and fats are broken down by the digestive process. Daily requirements: Dogs and cats require approximately 50mls of water per Kilo body weight daily. Eg 15Kg dog = 750mls daily
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Matted cats to confident kittens
Denise McGlennon has been grooming cats and dogs for many years, seeing many in dire need of grooming and appointments left too long apart. In this article Denise purruses the reasons why.
I
have often wondered why owners fail to book their cats in for regular appointments. Perhaps it’s financial? perhaps its more the fact that some owners don’t think their pet NEEDS grooming? I have heard many reasons why a certain persons cat does NOT need to be groomed… • They don’t need a groom, they’re short haired! • They are hairless • Cats don’t like water • I’ve bathed them at home and just leave them to dry. The bathing didn’t go well…. • They don’t need a groomer they groom themselves All of the above, whilst may suit in the short term are not long term solutions and the cat whether it is short, long haired or hairless DOES need attention from a professional groomer. Firstly lets look at short haired cats. Short haired cats still produce an
Cats don’t like water. – Really?
All coat types require regular grooming
30 | Total Boarding Magazine
immense amount of coat which left without being groomed thoroughly can become impacted, matted and can cause the cat health problems in the long run. I see many cats especially when older that have short coats but are matted to almost a shell, with regular visits to professional groomer or indeed regular appropriate grooming sessions at home
this could have been prevented. They are hairless. - Well, some but not all of those who own ‘hairless’ cats will know that they DO indeed need regular bathing and lotion applied to their skin. All cats are naturally oily. Hairless cats if left without bathing will have a build up of grease on their skin which resembles cottage cheese…
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and smells! Cats don’t like water. - This is not always true in fact there are some breeds of cat who are known to actually enjoy playing in water whether from the tap, in puddles or even in swimming pools or the sea. Maine coon and Turkish van are known to have a tendency towards water and will happily play with water from the tap from their bowls, in puddles or even large areas of water. Most cats that are accustomed to bathing and water in the early part of their life will quite happily be bathed and dried. I’ve bathed them at home, left hem to dry. - Bathing cats at home and leaving to dry will cause the coat to matt. anyone with a long or semi long haired cat that has been out in the rain, or who has been soaked will vouch for that. It didn’t go well- like most things in life there are practiced, methodical and competent ways of doing things. Your cat may need some time to adjust to being bathed and perhaps the bathing process needs to be broken down until the final result is a fully bathed and completely dry, groomed out cat. Or you need the help of a professional cat groomer. They don’t need a groomer, they groom themselves - I’m sorry, but NO, they don’t, they lick themselves. If I were to be working in an office near you and arrived every morning having licked myself all over instead of bathing/showering, how effective at removing dirt, grease, dead skin and odour do you think that would be? bearing in mind I don’t have nearly as much hair covering my body that can trap dirt, odour and bacteria as a cat does. doesn’t bear thinking about does it? In order to be completely clean
Beautifully clean
32 | Total Boarding Magazine
Licking themselves, is not a substitute for grooming
and knot free a cat, depending on its temperament, should be bathed and have regular appointments with a professional cat groomer. Combing out cats that have matts unfortunately leads to coat loss. The hair tangled in the matt will break at the skin and leave a gap/bald patch where the matt was. Bathing and drying the cat means the cats will retain coat whilst the matt is removed. By bathing a cat we are able to remove all of the grease that holds the knots together like a gel holding the debris and loose hair in a matt. We are also able to minimise the traces of deposits of saliva in the coat that is left behind. it is this saliva and dead skin cells that contains the protein Fel d 1 which is what causes the allergic reaction to cats we find in humans. Bathing a cat as I said helps to remove the dead hair, dead skin, saliva
and debris which causes matts. correct drying techniques and complete brush/ comb out of all the dead hair will ensure a clean, knot free bouncy coat for the cat and prevent matts from forming for several weeks. Sometimes the matting is too extensive and regardless of how talented your cat groomer is, it is just not possible to groom/bathe out the matts and the cat has to be shaved. This can happen on short coated cats as well as long and semi long cats. This is usually a last resort and not one that any groomer takes lightly. I have performed may ‘lion trims’ on cats and have never undertaken these types of grooms for the sake of style or fashion, it has always been for the sake of the cat, not the owner. One cat that I groomed recently was a little red point exotic. This cat lived in a family with children and two other cats.
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‘Hairless’ cats will benefit from bathing
The owners had owned the little exotic for 2.5 yrs. they undertook its grooming for the first year of its life but then as things do, life gets hectic and the grooming regularity becomes less and less. They had visited me previously and after a long discussion we had decided that the best course of action was a bath and a comb cut, which means the cats coat wouldn’t be a s long and ‘hopefully’ easier to cope with once it had been bathed and all dead coat removed. This groom was duly carried out and everyone including the cat was much happier. Fast forward to 9 months later and I receive a message from the concerned owner. they were extremely upset and said they had once again let the cats grooming fall by the way side. I expected them to ask to book in., which they did but they also asked me if I knew of anyone who would rehome this little one. I was extremely shocked. This little cat was adored by her owners. I asked why they wanted to rehome and they told me they didn’t think it was fair to keep her. She had become reclusive, hiding away and only coming out in 34 | Total Boarding Magazine
the evening for a short time when the children and other cats had left the area. They were heartbroken and felt they were keeping her for selfish reasons and she really wasn’t happy. I duly booked her in for her groom and when she arrived I could see the extent of her matting. Her matting had become so much it would have been painful for her to move, her legs were matted to her tummy and her chest to her front legs and neck. I performed the lion trim, bathed and dried the cat and when her owners came to pick her up they were delighted. Her eyes and ears had been cleaned, her paws trimmed underneath to prevent trailing litter, even her face trimmed to enhance her beautiful eyes. I could see how much they cared for her, they just found it difficult to cope with her coat, we discussed her rehoming again and her owners were filled with tears as they left the salon with their little exotic. A couple of days later I received a call from the little red point exotics owners, they were ecstatic. Their little cat had come out of the carrier at home and instead of running and immediately hiding away, she came
out of the carrier triumphant and confident and greeted the other cats as well as the family members including the children. She confidently searched every corner of the house, rubbing and depositing her scent on everything she came across, purring and in the words of her owners strutting around the house with her new look and new found confidence. Their mind was made up, this little cat was exactly where she should be and no longer appeared to be unhappy. Because she was so uncomfortable and in turn felt vulnerable she have become reclusive and shy, skittish and depressed. This is why cats need to be groomed. This is why I spend time with my clients to find out what’s best for them and for their cat. This is why I love my job. Denise McGlennon is a Certified Feline Master Groomer, Co founder of UK Cat Grooming Training and owner at DMG Pet Grooming Boutique & Spa. Denise also is involves with hands on grooming training and assessing and is a crazy feline servant to 4 beautiful kitties.
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Small Animal Bedding – The good, the bad and the ugly When it comes to small animal bedding there is a range of options out there and it can be hard to know which one we should use. The ranges vary in effectiveness and suitability but also in safety. Believe it or not, just because something is marketed for use with small animals does not make them appropriate or safe sadly and this is where buyers get caught out and unknowingly purchase things that really should go in the bin and stay there.
I
n this article Patricia Naish (DipCABT) looks at the facts of different types of bedding exposing the good, the bad and the ugly surrounding each type, which will hopefully give owners and carers a more informed decision when looking for bedding.
The world of smells Let us start by discussing smells. Many beddings come with neutralising properties which sound very nice to us humans who live in a world filled with artificial perfumes and fragrances and to us humans who are not a fan of “animal smells”. Unfortunately to our Patricia Naish Pet Photography
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Comfort is a consideration when selecting bedding
little ones this can be quite distressing; in a world where scent is king and used to make sense of their world, from distinguishing territory, to recognising the comfort and familiarity of home, any masking or strong odours that interfere with this can be problematic. Additionally, masking or odour neutralising properties can cause poor and less frequent cleaning routines and although the odour is neutralised, it is likely to an animal with heightened sense of smell going to still be present; not to mention the bedding is still going to become soiled. The most effective way to neutralise odours is to regularly change soiled litter but what litter I hear you cry! Well I shall tell you what not to use to start with.
Wood Shaving This is the bedding we want to avoid! On the surface it seems like a good choice, it is relatively absorbent, it smells non offensive (to us!) and it is pretty cheap to buy. However, the use of such has been a debated topic amongst professionals for some time due to a little thing called phenols in certain types, mainly the soft wood Cedar. The aromatic phenols are what give wood shavings the ‘woody’ aroma and anyone who has opened a bag of them will know exactly what I am talking about as it is quite a distinctive smell. These phenols have been shown in laboratory tests to damage lungs,
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causing respiratory issues and liver damage. Even if this liver damage seemingly has not caused a noticeable issue with the animal, the problem lies with medical treatment and in particular anaesthetics due to the livers role in metabolising them, which can heighten the risk of their use. Pine shavings also emit similar compounds however, not as much research has been done in terms of their effects to say it is as harmful as Cedar. For me, given that they emit similar compounds is enough for me to steer clear of them on the off chance but it is a personal decision rather than an evidence based decision. Many sources will recommend hard wood such as Aspen shavings but although they do not realise toxic compounds like the soft wood mentioned they have been known to cause respiratory problems due to high dust levels and irritation to eyes, nose and feet.
Paper based alternatives So we know what to avoid but what should we be using instead? Well there are a great range of paper based and non toxic alternatives out there which offer great absorption, comfort and although a little costly, you tend to use less which helps balance out the cost a Commonly used woodshavings
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bit. Also most animals naturally will use a particular area as a toilet meaning you only need to regularly remove soiled area and leave the full clean for weekly or even longer saving waste. On a side note by just removing soiled areas rather than fully cleaning this also helps to prevent stress that can be caused by disturbing their home and smell (do you remember we talked about importance of smell at the start?). Some commonly used alternatives are products such as Back 2 Nature which we use in our toilet area at Little Lodgers Pet Services for the little ones. The pellets are made from 99% recycled paper making it virtually dust free and suitable for all types of animals. Due to the great absorption qualities it helps keep the area dry preventing sores from wet areas and odour controlled without the need of additive or chemicals. Other similar and good alternatives are Carefresh which we like to use for our rodents and is made from virgin wood pulp fibre and is heat treated to control odour and inhibit bacteria and fungi growth. Also VetUK Eco-Bedding which is made from recycled cardboard is another great option.
Summary
price and suitability and for the most will be a personal preference depending on what you and more importantly your pet prefers but the main thing to consider when choosing a litter/ bedding is safety and comfort. Look out for how dusty a product is when you use it (a big problem for our little friends) and look at how absorbent it is, is it effective for its purpose and user and is it known to cause an ill effect short term or long term? Hopefully this article will help you make a more informed choice or at least give you a starting point in looking for the right bedding for your animals. Patricia Naish (DipCABT) has run Little Lodgers Pet Services in Romford, Essex for 5 years and has extensive experience with a number of species in providing a range of care services such as walking, boarding and training. She has qualified in animal management with the University of Essex and qualified with COAPE as a Training and Behaviour Advisor. Patricia also has an interest in alternative therapy and is in the process of qualifying as a companion Animal Bach Flower Practitioner with the Natural Animal Centre. www. littlelodgerspetservices.co.uk
There are some great ranges of bedding out there which will vary in Patricia Naish Pet Photography
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Socialisation an essential life skill
Socialisation is something we talk about a lot in dogs. Over the years there has been a lot of research into socialisation and early development of puppies but there can be slight disagreements on the exact dates of the socialisation period. Becky Howe BSc (Hons) tells us how to apply socialisation techniques to a kennel situation.
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enerally it is accepted that the time frame is between 3 – 16 weeks of age however this does vary amongst breeds. During this period, puppies are generally keen to explore and approach new people and animals. This means they are more open to new experiences and encounters. After this period puppies will be more cautious when approaching new things. Although this time is ideal, socialisation should continue throughout their life and not just be limited to these early days. Many people will often talk about getting their puppies well socialised at a young age and actively try to do this on a daily basis. However many people consider socialisation to be meeting dogs and people. This is certainly part Provide opportunities to learn by carrying before full vaccination
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Getting out and about at a young age is fundamental to good socialisation
of socialisation but we need to look at the bigger picture. At a young age our puppies need to experience everything and learn about their environment to set them up to cope with all types of situations later in life. So when we say socialisation is a key part of the puppy’s development we mean socialising them to dogs, people, other animals, noises, traffic, transport, crowds, being handled and many more things they may encounter. This also includes socialising them to different environments with one of those being the kennel. The first part of socialisation is out of the owners control and will be the responsibility of the breeder until the puppy is around 8 weeks old. Therefore it is hoped that the breeder will introduce the puppies to many things
such as people, many sights and sounds as well as being handled and brushed. When the puppy goes into their new home this is where the socialisation should continue. It’s true that this can be limited until the vaccinations are complete. In this case the puppies can be carried in order to gain essential opportunities to learn about their environments as well as having people come to the house. It’s also likely that they will meet other animals within the household as well as friends and families vaccinated dogs. When the puppy’s vaccinations are complete, this is when they can go and experience everything life has to offer! It’s inevitable that the majority of dogs will go into kennels at some point during their life. The reasons
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could vary from many things such as annual holidays, to the occasional family events, hospitalisation or moving house. This means it is a good idea to get them used to the kennel stays and the environment from a young age. This may not occur during the specific socialisation period due to the vaccination course and being very young but it can still be done when they are younger and more open to new situations. As a kennel it is good practice to encourage owners to bring in their dogs for a meet and greet of the staff and see the environment as well as having the dogs stay for the day or even 1 night prior to any long term bookings. If the dog is able to become familiarised to the environment initially then they will be able to cope much better when they are required to stay for what could be a fairly lengthy period of time. It is in fact common practice for some kennels to insist on their type of arrangement prior to the first booking. It is essential to make these first experiences a positive one! Generally speaking, a well socialised dog is one who is able to adapt to new situations and environments later in life as they already have the experiences and skills they need. Our puppies should be experiencing many different situations and environments early in life enabling them to learn about the environments. This will make it more likely that they will quickly adjust to any new environments they may find themselves in later in life. The kennel environment consists of many different elements which include different housing, noises, other dogs, unfamiliar people, a lack of familiar items and surroundings and disruption to normal routine. If a dog has been well socialised to people, dogs, different handling, noises and different environments from a young age they are going to be one of the individuals who copes much better in the kennel environment and has a more enjoyable, stress-free stay. Therefore it is within the dog’s best interests to be socialised at a young age. When bringing a puppy or adult dog into the kennels for the first time it is 46 | Total Boarding Magazine
The ability to get on with other pets is essential
The socialisation period is between 3 – 16 weeks
essential to move at the individuals pace. Let the dogs approach you and only stroke and handle them when they are familiar with you. On the way into the kennels let them explore the environment by taking their time to look and sniff. Once in their kennel it’s ideal to have some familiar surroundings. It’s a good idea to encourage owners to bring their own beds with some bedding that smells like the dog and owners. Also providing some familiar toys will really make the situation more positive. Proving similar feeding bowls and feeding times can also ensure the dog has a stress free time. Ensure new clients are in a large kennel to give them plenty of space so they don’t feel restricted. It is also beneficial to provide them with a quieter kennel or one that is out the way of noisier dogs. Taking the time to
make sure the first stay is as enjoyable as it can be is important to ensure your clients are happy with the surrounds and therefore enjoy coming onto the premises for their future stays. When owners see their dogs happy and keen to go to the kennels they will feel more relaxed about leaving their companions and are more likely to returning in the future. Becky Howe BSc (Hons) is a dog walker, pet sitting and dog trainer. Working with companion animals for over 8 years she has a passion for improving the quality of life for companion animals. Specifically by aiding dog owners in understanding their dogs better and helping to improve their quality of life through early socialisation and training for a happy dog.
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Bulli’s Beef: Chapter 9 - In which Bulli reaches his first birthday As I moved towards my first birthday HS began to show me more regularly and I was introduced to the disappointments of showing dogs. Some may feel that showing dogs should be a mixture of pleasure and disappointment but from what I have seen it seems that disappointment reigns
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s I moved towards my first birthday HS began to show me more regularly and I was introduced to the disappointments of showing dogs. Some may feel that showing dogs should be a mixture of pleasure and disappointment but from what I have seen it seems that disappointment reigns. If your dog does not win you are disappointed: if it does win you are happy for a few brief moments and then worry because it might not win next time. It has always seemed to me that showing dogs was more of an excuse to complain and be disgruntled than an activity designed to be enjoyed and help people be gruntled. What you really need to enjoy showing is a sympathetic friend that you can moan, groan and generally bellyache to about the quality of the judging. This activity is only suspended under two circumstances: a) when you win and b) when you are judging. On the latter occasions it’s everyone else who grumbles but, of course, not to your face. There are apparently a number of reasons why judges are not very good unless you are the one that is judging – because you are good and honest and fearless. Whoever you talk to about the subject (and HS talks to a lot of people about it) they are a pure as the driven snow. However, whenever you are talking about someone else, slush and muck are the order of the day. I have found it impossible to come to a conclusion about what is the most common form of bad judging but from my personal experience I would say
48 | Total Boarding Magazine
Bulli is modelled by Billy, aka Bluepoint Patchogue, proudly owned by Anna and Mike and lives with his big Bull Terrier sister Cookie.
it was ignorance. The way that I am poked about and man/woman handled is dreadful. Most judges do not have a clue what they are looking for and when you think that I have a smooth coat so most of my qualities must be pretty obvious anyway, it is not surprising that such people obviously do not know one end of a dog from the other. It would not be so bad if such judges treated your tackle with care and consideration but with the ignorant judge this is seldom the case.
HS thinks that most bad judging is because people are doing favours for their friends or sucking up to important people in that particular breed so that they can get more and better appointments. She also thinks that there are groups of people who decided who should and should not win - ‘judging rings’ she calls them. She has worked very hard to become a member of a ring but, despite a great deal of searching, she has not been able to find one. But she is still convinced that
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they exist - it is just that ‘they’ are keeping her out. I understand that the Kennel Club has recently tried to do something about all these complaints but although I do not go to many shows, HS still comes back with the same old grumbles but with addition of how difficult the KC have made it for her to progress her judging career. She can no longer just crawl around secretaries of societies in an effort to get appointments: she has to go to seminars and lectures that, apparently, do not tell her anything that she does not know already. His Nibs has tried to point out that she did not get very far using the old system (she has yet to be approved to give Challenge Certificates in Bull terriers) but she takes no notice. Apparently, she has managed to get herself included on the A3 list of one of the smaller breed clubs but she has yet to be offered an appointment. They must know her! It was in June 1993 that I was recognised as a major contributor to Dogs Monthly. The then editor and her publisher re-camped it. At the time I thought that this meant that 50 | Total Boarding Magazine
more people with alternative sexual preferences were going write articles for the magazine but it turned out to have more to do with changing the layout and the style. In the confusion I turned up in my present position on the last editorial page. I was upset to begin with because I saw my move from the main pages of the magazine as a demotion but I remember Di Johnson, then the editor saying that it was, in fact, promotion because most Humes did not know their ‘a’ from their ‘e’ (I think that means ‘alpha’ from their ‘emega’) and often opened magazines from the back. She said it was a ‘step up’, although the only ‘step up’ I have ever really been interested in is the Yellow Pages Her Supremacy uses when an over size bitch comes to be mated. This turned out not to be the case although the real reason was not entire complimentary. Apparently some regarded my jottings as salacious and, while decrying the material, many readers were turning to my page first. Apparently our then advertising manager found that by putting me opposite the inside back cover she could
sell an advertisement on that page more easily. She had to apologise for me being there, of course, because the advertisers complained that I was juvenile and prurient but apparently this was only a ploy to get the rate down. They took the space anyway. Hypercritical or what? And there I have remained having become something of a fixture.
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