Coordinate Planes and Grids - ESOL

LEVEL 5

ORDINATE O S C

CONTENT-BASED LEVELED READER

IN T FO EX RM A TIONAL T

COORDINATE PLANES

AND GRIDS Kid E-LiT

CI LIFTOFF E-LIT (c) 2022 CI Liftoff All rights reserved.

May be duplicated & shared for CLASSROOM USE ONLY.

CI LIFTOFF E-LIT (c) 2022 CI Liftoff

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Vocabulary List horizontal vertical coordinate x-axis y-axis origin plane quadrants ordered pairs Identifying Plotting locations map Latitude longitude Engineer builder building quilt home hospital street -

Astronaut ChineseSurveyor German Navigator triangle Graphic designer hexagram Fisherman pawn money queen Ivy king Zinna rook Herbs knight Lettuce checkers Chard chess Cone flower captain Lavender boat garden real estate agent hopscotch pilot england artist stone crafters bag book car magazine social media comic book brochure straight advertise diagonal GPS parking lot -

Coordinates are two numbers or sometimes a letter and a number, that locate a specific point on a grid, known as a coordinate plane. A coordinate plane has four quadrants and two axes: the x-axis (horizontal) and yaxis (vertical). An easy way to remember which of these is which is that the x-axis goes across because ‘x’ is a cross.

The grid above has a star on the x axis 4 and the y axis I and a flower on x axis 9 and the y axis B .

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The grid squares seen on a map are made up of grid lines called Eastings and Northings. Each Easting grid line is numbered west to east and the Northing grid line is numbered south to north. Eastings are the vertical lines running from top to bottom and divide the map from west to east.

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A B C

1

2

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An ordered pair is used to show the position on a graph, where the "x" (horizontal) value is first, and the "y" (vertical) value is second. Also in the coordinate system, ordered pair is used to locate a point. And ordered pair is represented as (x, y). In the grid above ordered pair for the candy is (2, B). Ice cream is (1,B) and apples are (3,C).

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A B C

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2

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Identifying given locations on a coordinate plane What is the ordered pairs below...

(A, 1 ) SANDWICH (B, 2) (C, 3) (B, 3) (A, 3) (C, 1)

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A garden grid for planting vegetables or flowers is helpful to be sure plants are planted in a certain place.

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A

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A B C Following a grid, or a planting guide helps place plants in an orderly planting that helps save time, money, and water. The grid gardening system helps the gardener plant more plants in a small area. This allows the gardener to save time weeding and watering the garden.

(A, 1) (A, 2) AND (A, 3) Ivy and Zinna (B, 1) Herbs (B, 2) (C, 2) Lettuce (B, 3) (C, 3) Chard (C, 1) Cone flowers and Lavender

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Hopscotch is a game played on a grid. It is believed the game originated in England in the 17th century where kids used to play a similar game called ‘Scotch Hoppers’.

Today this game is being played all over the world in school yards as well as in family homes. The grid can be drawn in a variety of ways. Here are two examples.

Children draw the grid and then toss a bag or stone on a square.They hop on one foot and skip the square that the bag or stone landed on.

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Chinese checkers game board is a triangle grid system.

The objective is to be first to race all of one's pieces across the hexagram-shaped board into "home"—the corner of the star opposite one's starting corner—using single-step moves or moves that jump over other pieces.

Chinese checkers is a game of German origin that can be played by two, three, four, five, or six people. You can play individually or with partners. The modern version is a simplified variation of the game Halma, which was on a square board, but it was played from the corners.

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Battleship is played with two players. You sit opposite each other and call out the x and y axis coordinates for the place on the grid where you think they have placed a battleship. If you are right you each place a red peg in the (X,Y) coordinate. The game continues as you each take turns calling out ordered pairs to try to sink the other persons ships. Some ships are two, three, four, or five pegs. The game is over when one person's ships have all been sunk.

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Checkers and Chess can be played on this type of grid game board. Checkers is played with round playing pieces. Chess has pieces shaped as pawns, queens, kings, rooks, and knights. Chess has specific moves for each piece. Today, chess is one of the world's most popular games, played by millions of people worldwide.

Can you see that the ordered pair (A,1) would be the corner white square even without the sides being numbered?

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Builders drawings use grid lines to help them see where other buildings are located and where they will construct the new building. Using a grid in a building plan helps the people that will design, plan,and construct the building all understand where to place the walls, floors, and roof of a building. The grid system is a unified way for these various components to all come together in a coordinated way to achieve a goal - whether it is building a house or a hospital.

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The grid plan can be used to design a city. The streets use a grid street plan or gridiron plan in which streets run at right angles to each other, forming a grid. These types of city streets have frequent intersections that facilitate movement. The grid system helps with orientation and directions. The frequent intersections allow walkers and drivers to see where they are easier and figure out which direction they should go to get to their destination.

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This shows how blocks appear when the city is built on a grid system. Some cities originally numbered the streets as first, second,third,and so on for the x axis and named them alphabetically for the y axis. so if you were on the corner of first street and Allen Street and wanted to go to the corner of first street and Panda Street you would know to walk from A to P named streets on First Street to reach your destination. That would be a long walk since each street is usually a block long.

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Savannah, Georgia is built on a specific type of grid system known as the Oglethorpe Plan. It is built with a center square that has smaller squares around it. Streets go around the center square. This allows a pedestrian to safely walk in the city. Cars move slower through the fractured grid system. They have to go around the center squares. This type of grid system allows for neighborhood pedestrians and vehicular street traffic to coexist in a safer and calmer way. Savannah's grid system is one of a kind and is thought to be a very effective way to design a city.

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This aerial photo shows the grid of downtown Savannah Georgia.

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A city grid view from an airplane.

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A B C D E F G

1 2 3 4 5 6

Which grid am I in? c

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1 2 3 4 5 6 A B C D E F What is in (x,y)?

(A,1) (C,3) (F,6)

(D,1) (E,4) (F,4) c

(E,1) (C,6) (A,2)

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There are many jobs where knowing how to use grids is an important skill to have. Some jobs it is a requirement. engineer, construction worker, astronaut, air traffic controller, surveyor, captain of a boat, navigator, graphic designer, real estate agent, pilot, fisherman, and artist and crafters. People that design maps, roads, buildings, books, magazines, comic books,and many many other products we use everyday use grids. GRIDS, GRIDS,GRIDS...they are everywhere. Start looking around and you will see them in everyday places.

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Artist and crafters use grids to create their designs. Quilts are made using a repeated pattern that is made of squares of fabric. There are a number of grid patterns that can be used such as straight or diagonal.

Artist can draw using a grid system too. You can take any picture and add a grid system to it and then repeat the lins in the specific (x,y) squares to draw the shape.

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Engineers design and build systems and structures, such as buildings, software, and cities. They must think in a variety of ways to find combinations and patterns to create the specific structures. They make use of grids to keep everything in place and to keep things in perspective.

Engineers are scientists and artists who create much of what we see everywhere. They create homes, hospitals,streets, planes, cars, and so much more.

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Construction workers use floor plans to make sure all aspects of the building come together in a cohesive way.

The plans use grids to lay out the design of the building.

Identifying marks will enable the plans to be in separate sheets and the grid lines will show the connection of the various plans. A building needs plans for all the components such as walls, floors, ceilings, and even the landscaping around the building.

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Astronauts need grids to help them know where they are in space, especially when they are landing back on Earth.

They need to use a map to find their specific landing place. Most coordinate systems are based on x and y; where x is a horizontal value, and y is a vertical value.

They can enter the latitude and longitude into their system to be sure they will land where they are supposed to. The longitude values are considered the xcoordinate, while latitude values are the y-coordinate.

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Fisherman and ship captains use marine GPS to navigate their boat or ship. Marine GPS helps with location using latitude and longitude coordinates.

GPS coordinates show a precise geographic location on the earth. Coordinates, in this context, are points of intersection in a grid system.

Lines of latitude coordinates measure the degrees of distance north and south from the equator, which is 0 degrees. The north pole and south pole are at 90 degrees in either direction. Then the grid system show the distance from these two coordinates in a numerical grid.

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Surveyors also use grids to locate specific grid coordinates when they are planning and working to decide where buildings, roads, parking lots, and other structures will be built. They use grids to determine the space they will use on the actual ground, bt also the space that will be used upward from the ground also.

They survey the land and space above it for the plans they develop.

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Graphic Designers use images, graphics, and text to create designs. A graphic designer creates the graphics for published, printed, or electronic media, such as books, magazines, social media, brochures and advertising. The book you just read was created by a writer and graphic designer.

Graphic designers use grids to help align and create their graphics. The grids are more than just some lines on a page, they structure, guide, and shape the design in a way that helps the designer create the desired outcome.

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content based readers books you love to read for comprehension and content Graph points on the coordinate plane to solve real-world problems 5.G.A.1 Use a pair of perpendicular number lines, called axes, to define a coordinate system, with the intersection of the lines (the origin) arranged to coincide with the 0 on each line and a given point in the plane located by using an ordered pair of numbers, called its coordinates. Understand that the first number indicates how far to travel from the origin in the direction of one axis, and the second number indicates how far to travel in the direction of the second axis, with the convention that the names of the two axes and the coordinates correspond (e.g., 𝘹-axis and 𝘹-coordinate, 𝘺-axis and 𝘺-coordinate).

CCSS 6.NS.C.6 Understand a rational number as a point on the number line. Extend number line diagrams and coordinate axes familiar from previous grades to represent points on the line and in the plane with negative number coordinates.

CCSS 6.NS.C.6c Find and position integers and other rational numbers on a horizontal or vertical number line diagram; find and position pairs of integers and other rational numbers on a coordinate plane.