About the Author

Marsha Simone Cadogan is a CIGI senior fellow specializing in intellectual property (IP), trade and technology law. Much of her work focuses on IP, innovation strategies and high technology in global economies.

She is a practising lawyer (Ontario Bar) and consultant with a Ph.D. in international IP.

She serves in leadership positions for various organizations regionally, nationally and internationally, including the high-technology sector (start-ups), Licensing Executives Society USA & Canada, International Association for the Protection of Intellectual Property, International Law Association-Canada and the Intellectual Property Institute of Canada.

Acronyms and Abbreviations

B2B business-to-business

B2C business-to-consumer

DLT distributed ledger technology

ECDSA Elliptic Curve Digital Signature Algorithm

IP intellectual property

NFTs non-fungible tokens

ONCA Ontario Court of Appeal

SCC Supreme Court of Canada

TOU terms of use

UNCITRAL United Nations Commission on International Trade Law