Skip to main content

Motores: 1 noções fundamentais - parte I

Page 1

)250$ยญร 2

UHYLVWD WยนFQLFR SURILVVLRQDO

R HOHFWULFLVWD :(*HXUR ,QGร VWULD (OยนFWULFD 6 $

PRWRUHV

^ ย 12ยญร (6 )81'$0(17$,6 3$57( ,`ยญร 2` 2 81,9(562 7(&12/รก*,&2 '( 02725(6 (/ยฎ&75,&26

ย 02725(6 (/ยฎ&75,&26 0RWRU HOยนFWULFR ยน D PยฒTXLQD GHVWLQDGD D WUDQVIRUPDU HQHUJLD HOยนFWULFD HP HQHUJLD PHFยดQLFD 2 PRWRU GH LQGXยธยถR ยน R PDLV XVDGR GH WRGRV RV WLSRV GH PRWRUHV SRLV FRPELQD DV YDQWDJHQV GD XWLOL]DยธยถR GH HQHU JLD HOยนFWULFD EDL[R FXVWR IDFLOLGDGH GH WUDQVSRUWH OLPSH]D H VLPSOLFLGDGH GH FRPDQGR FRP VXD FRQVWUXยธยถR VLPSOHV FXVWR UHGX]LGR JUDQGH YHUVDWLOLGDGH GH DGDSWDยธยถR ยณV FDUJDV GRV PDLV GLYHUVRV WLSRV H PHOKRUHV UHQGLPHQWRV 2V WLSRV PDLV FRPXQV GH PRWRUHV HOยนFWULFRV VยถR D 0RWRUHV GH FRUUHQWH FRQWยฝQXD 6ยถR PRWRUHV GH FXVWR PDLV HOHYDGR H DOยนP GLVVR SUHFLVDP GH XPD IRQWH GH FRUUHQWH FRQWยฝQXD RX GH XP GLVSRVLWLYR TXH FRQYHU WD D FRUUHQWH DOWHUQDGD FRPXP HP FRQ WยฝQXD 3RGHP IXQFLRQDU FRP YHORFLGDGH DMXVWยฒYHO HQWUH DPSORV OLPLWHV H VH SUHVWDP D FRQWUROHV GH JUDQGH IOH[LELOLGDGH H SUH FLVยถR 3RU LVVR VHX XVR ยน UHVWULWR D FDVRV HVSHFLDLV HP TXH HVWDV H[LJยปQFLDV FRPSHQ VDP R FXVWR PXLWR PDLV DOWR GD LQVWDODยธยถR E 0RWRUHV GH FRUUHQWH DOWHUQDGD 6ยถR RV PDLV XWLOL]DGRV SRUTXH D GLVWULEXLยธยถR GH HQHUJLD HOยนFWULFD ยน IHLWD QRUPDOPHQWH HP FRUUHQWH DOWHUQDGD 2V SULQFLSDLV WLSRV VยถR 0RWRU VยฝQFURQR )XQFLRQD FRP YHORFLGDGH IL[D XWLOL]DGR VRPHQWH SDUD JUDQGHV SRWยปQ FLDV GHYLGR DR VHX DOWR FXVWR HP WDPDQKRV PHQRUHV RX TXDQGR VH QHFHVVLWD GH YHORFL GDGH LQYDULยฒYHO 0RWRU GH LQGXยธยถR )XQFLRQD QRUPDOPHQWH FRP XPD YHORFLGDGH FRQVWDQWH TXH YDULD OLJHLUDPHQWH FRP D FDUJD PHFยดQLFD DSOLFDGD DR HL[R 'HYLGR D VXD JUDQGH VLPSOLFLGDGH UREXVWH] H EDL[R FXVWR ยน R PRWRU PDLV XWL OL]DGR GH WRGRV VHQGR DGHTXDGR SDUD TXDVH WRGRV RV WLSRV GH PยฒTXLQDV DFFLRQDGDV HQFRQWUDGDV QD SUยฒWLFD $FWXDOPHQWH ยน SRV VยฝYHO FRQWURODUPRV D YHORFLGDGH GRV PRWRUHV GH LQGXยธยถR FRP R DX[ยฝOLR GH LQYHUVRUHV GH IUHTXยปQFLD

7DEHOD

ย &21&(,726 %ร 6,&26 6ยถR DSUHVHQWDGRV D VHJXLU RV FRQFHLWRV GH DOJXPDV JUDQGH]DV EยฒVLFDV FXMD FRPSUHHQVยถR ยน QHFHVVยฒULD SDUD PHOKRU DFRPSDQKDU DV H[SOLFDยธร HV GDV RXWUDV SDUWHV GHVWH PDQXDO ย &RQMXJDGR 2 FRQMXJDGR WDPEยนP FKDPDGR WRUTXH PRPHQWR RX ELQยฒULR ยน D PHGLGD GR HVIRUยธR QHFHVVยฒULR SDUD JLUDU XP HL[R ยฎ VDELGR SHOD H[SHULยปQFLD SUยฒWLFD TXH SDUD OHYDQWDU XP SHVR SRU XP SURFHVVR VHPHOKDQWH DR XVDGR HP SRยธRV YHU ILJXUD D IRUยธD ) TXH ยน SUHFLVR DSOLFDU ยณ PDQLYHOD GHSHQGH GR FRPSULPHQWR ( GD PDQLYHOD 4XDQWR PDLRU IRU D PDQLYHOD PHQRU VHUยฒ D IRUยธD QHFHVVยฒULD 6H GREUDUPRV R WDPDQKR ( GD PDQLYHOD D IRUยธD ) QHFHVVยฒULD VHUยฒ GLPLQXยฝGD ยณ PHWDGH 1R H[HPSOR GD ILJXUD VH R EDOGH SHVD 1 H R GLยดPHWUR GR WDPERU ยน P D FRUGD


)250$­Ó2

UHYLVWD W¹FQLFR SURILVVLRQDO

R HOHFWULFLVWD

7HQV¶R GH OLQKD 8

® D WHQV¶R QRPLQDO GR VLVWHPD WULI²VLFR DSOLFDGD HQWUH GRLV TXDLV TXHU GRV WU»V ILRV / / H / &RUUHQWH GH OLQKD O

® D FRUUHQWH HP TXDOTXHU XP GRV WU»V ILRV / / H / 7HQV¶R H FRUUHQWH GH IDVH 8I H ,I

® D WHQV¶R H FRUUHQWH GH FDGD XP GRV WU»V VLVWHPDV PRQRI²VLFRV FRQVLGHUDGRV ([DPLQDQGR R HVTXHPD GD ILJXUD E Y» VH TXH )LJXUD E (VTXHPD

)LJXUD F 'LDJUDPD

([DPLQDQGR R HVTXHPD GD ILJXUD E Y» VH TXH ([HPSOR 7HPRV XP VLVWHPD HTXLOLEUDGR GH WHQV¶R QRPLQDO YROWV $ FRUUHQWH GH OLQKD PHGLGD ¹ DPSHUH /LJDQGR D HVWH VLV WHPD XPD FDUJD WULI²VLFD FRPSRVWD GH WU»V FDUJDV LJXDLV OLJDGDV HP WUL´QJXOR TXDO D WHQV¶R H D FRUUHQWH HP FDGD XPD GDV FDUJDV" 7HPRV 8I 8 YROWV HP FDGD XPD GDV FDUJDV 6H , ,I WHPRV ,I , DPSHUH HP FDGD XPD GDV FDUJDV /LJD¸¶R HVWUHOD /LJDQGR XP GRV ILRV GH FDGD VLVWHPD PRQRI²VLFR D XP SRQWR FRPXP DRV WU»V RV WU»V ILRV UHVWDQWHV IRUPDP XP VLVWHPD WULI²VLFR HP HVWUHOD ILJXUD D ÒV YH]HV R VLVWHPD WULI²VLFR HP HVWUHOD ¹ D TXDWUR ILRV RX FRP QHXWUR 2 TXDUWR ILR ¹ OLJDGR DR SRQWR FRPXP ³V WU»V IDVHV $ WHQV¶R GH OLQKD RX WHQV¶R QRPLQDO GR VLVWHPD WULI²VLFR H D FRUUHQWH GH OLQKD V¶R GHILQLGDV GR PHVPR PRGR TXH QD OLJD¸¶R WUL´QJXOR

)LJXUD D /LJD¸ÆHV

([HPSOR 7HPRV XPD FDUJD WULI²VLFD FRPSRVWD GH WU»V FDUJDV LJXDLV FDGD FDUJD ¹ IHLWD SDUD VHU OLJDGD D XPD WHQV¶R GH YROWV DEVRUYHQGR DPSHUHV 4XDO D WHQV¶R QRPLQDO GR VLVWHPD WULI²VLFR TXH DOLPHQWD HVWDV FDU JDV OLJDGDV HP HVWUHOD HP VXDV FRQGL¸ÆHV QRUPDLV YROWV H DPSHUHV " 4XDO D FRUUHQWH GH OLQKD" 7HPRV 8I YROWV QRUPDO GH FDGD FDUJD

8 YROWV , ,I DPSHUHV


Turn static files into dynamic content formats.

Create a flipbook