Year 26 issue 7

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CHESHTA WEEKLY jif{ @^ c+s & @)&^ d+l;/ @^ ut] ljxLjf/ (Thursday, 12th Dec. 2019) g]kfn ;+jt\ !!$), d"No ?= %. -pkTosfsf] nflu ?= &_ k]h *±$ www.cheshtaweekly.com.np

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w'lnv]n÷kfFrvfn 3/ ePsf !^ aifL{o afnsn] ckfËtf ePsL alxgLnfO{ !) jif{sf] pd]/ b]lv ha{hl:t s/0fL ub{} cfPsf] /x:o v'n]sf] 5 . afnsn] !@ jif{sf] pd]/ b]lv alxgLnfO{ s/0fL u/]sf] aofg lbPsf 5g\ . k| x /Ldf k/] s f] ph' / Lsf cfwf/df kqmfp k/]sf afnsnfO{ lhNnf cbfntn] k'k{Ifsf nflu ;'wf/ u[x k7fpg

cfb]z lbPsf] 5 . afnsn] Psf3/df a:g] sfsfsf] 5f]/L ckfËtf ePsf] cj:yfdf !) jif{sf] pd]/ b]lv s/0fL u/]sf] aofg k|x/Ldf lbPsf 5g\ . kL8s afnssf] aofg o:tf] 5 – …d a'jf cfdf ;Fu} a;L s[ifL k]zf u/L cfˆgf] lhljsf rnfpb} cfO{ /x]sf] lyPF . d]/f] a'jfsf] b'O{ j6f bfh' efO{ x'g' x'G5 . d]/f] a'jf bfO x'g'x'G5 . xh'/ cfdf PSn} a:g' x'G5 . sfsfsf]] Ps 5f]/f / b'O{ 5f]/L 5g\ . afFsL & k]hdf

13 jif{ gk'Ub} 'df]afO{n' ljjfx df]tL/fd ltdlN;gf uf]s'n], dxfef/t

e'Dn'÷$) jif{ kl5 gfkLsf] ;dodf lkkn6f/ k~rfot sfod ePsf ^ xhf/ % ;o %! lsQfsf hUuf wgLx?n] hUufwgL btf{ k|df0fk'hf{ ljt/0f x'g] ePsf] 5 . @)#@÷)## ;fndf ePsf] gflksf qmddf e'Dn' ufpFkflnsf j8f gDj/ & / * ;fljs kmnfF6] / e'Dn'6f/ uflj;sf :yfgLox? aLr l;dfgf ljjfbsf sf/0f gfk hfFr ;DkGg eP klg hUufwgL btf{ k|df0f k'hf{ ljt/0f x'g ;s]sf] lyPg . k6s–k6s uPsf] gfkL 6f]nLn] ;d]t pQm :yfgsf] ljjfb ;dfwfg ug{ g;s]kl5 hUufwgL btf{ k|df0fk'hf{ ljt/0f ug{ ;s]sf] lyPg . …lgjf{rgsf] ;dodf xfdLn] hgtf;Fu dt dfUbf tTsfn ;d:of ;dfwfg ug{] afrf u/]sf lyof}+Ú–;+rf/ tyf ;"rgf k|ljlw dGqL uf]s'n af:sf]6fn] eGg'eof]–…afrf cg';f/ hgtfsf] $) jif{ b]lvsf] ;d:of ;dfwfgsf nflu hUufwgL btf{ k|df0fk'hf{ ljt/0f z'? u/]sf xf}+ .Ú z'qmaf/ dGqL af:sf]6fn] pQm sfo{sf nflu klxnf] lkmN8 6f]nLsf] sfof{no z'ef/De ug{' ePsf] 5 . b'O{j6f 6f]nLn] e'Dn'6f/ / kmnfF6]sf gful/sx?n] ef]Ub} cfPsf] ;d:of ;dfwfg u/L kms{g]5g\ . dGqL af:sf]6fn] gful/ssf] ;]jf ug{] gfddf 6]a'nd'lgaf6 n]gb]g gug{ / hgtfnfO{ k|s[of k'/f x'Fbf ;d]t cg]sg 9+uaf6 b'Mv glbg sd{rf/Lx?nfO{ lgb{]zg lbg'eof] . e'Dn' ufpFkflnsfsf cWoIf u'dfgWjh s'Fj/n] e'Dn' ufpFkflnsfsf b'O{ j8fdf /x]sf ;d:of ;dfwfgsf nflu ;+3, k|b]z / :yfgLo ;/sf/n] u/]sf] k|of;n] gful/sx?sf] nfeflGjt x'g] atfpg' eof] . …hgtfsf] ;] j fsf nflu vl6Psf sd{rf/LnfO{ k|efljt agfpg] u/L cjflG5t nfe lng gvf]Hg'xf]nfÚ–cWoIf s'Fj/n] eGg'eof]–…xfdL ;a} gful/ssf] zt k|ltzt ;d:of ;dfwfg ug{]5f}+ .Ú hgk|ltlglw lgjf{lrt eP nuQ} pQm If]qsf] ;d:of ;dfwfg ug{ k6s–k6s ePsf] k|of; c;kmn eof] . @)&% ;fn df3 !$ ut] pQm If]qsf] ;d:of ;dfwfgsf nflu !% lbg leq k|ltj]bg k]z ug{] u/L e"ld Aoj:yf, ;xsf/L tyf ul/aL lgjf/0f dGqfnosf pk;lrj clgn d/fl;gLsf] ;+of]hsTjdf gfkL ljefusf lgb{]zs sdn l3ld/] nufotsf] 6f]nL u7g eof] .

6f]nLn] ;d:of ;dfwfgsf nflu cfjZos k|ltj]bg a'emfP ;Fu} b'O{j6f lkmN8 sfof{no u7g u/L tTsfn} hUufwgL k|df0fk'hf{ ljt/0f ug{ ;lsg] lgisif{ lgsfNof] . gfkL x'Fbfsf avt ;f]lx If]qsf () k|ltzt eGbf w]/} lsQf hUuf btf{ ePsf] gS;f / lkmN8a'sdf /]s8{ 5 . ljqmd ;Djt !((@ sf] nfut tyf @)%$ sf] tTsflng ufpF ljsf; afFsL @ k]hdf

bfh' alxgLsf] ;DaGw

b'u{d If]q dxfef/t ;'udtf / k|ljlwtkm{ cufl8 al9/xFbf ;Defjgf / r'gf}tL b'j} ylkPsf 5g\ . k|ljlwsf sf/0f afnaflnsfx? pd]/ gk'Ub} ljjfx ug{ yfn]sf 5g\ eg] :yfgLo txaf6} gful/stf, /fxbfgL pknAw x'g yfn]sf] 5 . @)&^ d+ l ;/ !! ut] ljBfnodf xflh/ ePsL uf]s'n] dfWolds ljBfno dxfef/t ufpFkflnsf j8f gDj/ ! 3/ eO{ sIff !) df cWoog ul//x]sL !% alif{of r]lndfof lhDaf df]afO{n kmf]gdf s'/f u/]s} cfwf/df ljjfx u/]/ /f}tx6 k'lug\ . cleefjsnfO{ ;d]t hfgsf/L glbO{ r]lndfof /f}tx6 k'u]sf] ;"rgf s]lx lbg kl5 dfq} k|fKt eof] . s]lx lbg ljBfno gcfP kl5 lzIfsx?n] cleefjsx?;Fu ;f]wvf]h u/]kl5 dfq} r]lndfof df]afO{n kmf]gdf eO{/xg] ;Dks{ / km];a'sdf x'g] s'/fsfgLn] ljjfx ug{] pb]Zon] hfgsf/L ljgf efu]sL /lx5g\ . pgn] /f]h]sf] s]6f s'g pd]/sf] xf]] < s] Aoj;fo u5{g\ < ljjfx kl5 kl/jf/ rnfpg] of]hgf s:tf] 5 < s'g} hfgsf/L 5}g . hfgsf/L ljgf x/fpg] aflnsfx?sf] ;+Vof lbgs} ylkg yfn]sf]df cleefjs / lzIfsx? lrlGtt x'g yfn]sf 5g\ . …cl3Nnf] z}lIfs ;qdf ljBfnodf cWoog ul//xs ] f em08} !) hgf aflnsfx? ljjfx u/] / uPsf 5gÚ\–kw|fgfWofks kbdk;|fb ltdlN;gfn] eGge'of–]…rfn' zl}Ifs ;qsf] & dlxgf cyft{ sflts { ;Dd * hgf aflnsfx? eflu;ss ] f 5g\ .Ú pd/] gku'L ljjfx ug{ gxg'] sfgg'L kf|jwfgsf af/d]f ;rt]gf sIffd} ;+ r fng ul/G5 t/ klg aflnsfx?nfO{ /f] S g g;lsPsf] kw|fgfWofks kbdk;|fb ltdlN;gfn] atfpg' eof] . ljBfnodf egf{ ePsf ^ ;o ^# dWo] ! ;o %) hlt ljBfyLx{? & dlxgfd} knfog eO;{ss ] f 5g\ . knfog ePsf ljBfyLx{?sf] cj:yf ae'mg\ cleefjssf] 3/ 3/df lzIfs 6fn ] L kU'g] qmddf cleefjsx?n] ljleGg ;d:of ;g'fpg] u/s ] f] kc | ltdlN;gfn] atfpg' eof] . …afnaflnsfx? ljBfno cfO{k'Ug tLg 306f eGbf w]/} ;do nfU5Ú–k|c ltdlN;gfn] eGg'eof]–…ljBfno hfg cfpg ;do cefjsf sf/0f aLrd} cWoog 5f8\g] u/]sf 5g\ . ljBfnodf 5fqfaf;sf] Aoj:yfkg ug{ ;lsof] eg] Tof] ;d:of s]lx xb;Dd /f]lsg ;S5 .Ú Tof] dfq} ;d:of ;dfwfgsf] pkfo gePsf] atfpbF} k|c ltdlN;gfn] ul/aL, clzIff, r]tgfsf] sdL, sfg' g sf] ;r] t gf gx' F b f cleefjsx?n] ;Gtfgn] u/]sf x/]s s'/fdf ;xdlt hgfpg'sf] ljsNk gePsf] atfpg' eof] . sIff $ b]lv sIff !) ;Ddsf afnaflnsfx?sf nflu 5fqfjf; cfjZos 5 . sIff & b]lv !) ;Dd cWoog ug{] aflnsfx?n] ljjfx ug{] qmd /f]lsPsf] 5}g . a? x/]s jif{ df]afO{nsf]

pknAwtfn] ylkPsf] 5 . cl3Nnf] z}lIfs ;qdf sIff & cWoog ul//x]sL !# alif{of cfZdf >]i7n] cWoog 5f8]/ ljjfx ul/g\ . ;f]lx jif{ sIff * df cWoog ug{] !$ alif{of ;+rdfof of]~hg, sIff !) df cWoog ug{] !$ alif{of rd]lndfof df]Qmfgn] ljjfx u/] . plgx? nufot em08} bh{g aflnsfx?n] Tolx pd]/sf] xf/fxf/Ldf ljjfx u/L !$ jif{d} cfdf ag]sf 5g\ . rfn' z}lIfs ;qdf sIff ( df cWoog ug{] !$ alif{of ;'sdfof of]~hg, sIff !) df cWoog ug{] !% alif{of ;Demgf of]~hg nufot * hgfn] ljjfx u/]sf 5g\ . lzIfs lbnaxfb'/ lhDafsf cg';f/ slt aflnsfx?n] ljjfx u/]/ ljBfno cfpbF}gg\ tYofÍ g} /fVg g;lsPsf] atfpg' x'G5 .

;fgd}f ljjfx, clg ljbz ]

hgsNof0f cfwf/e't ljBfno agv' j8f gDj/ & df sfo{/t lzlIfsf lbndfof nf] ev{/ @) jif{sf] k'Ug'eof] . pxfF lghL >f]t cGt{ut % xhf/ ?k}ofF kfl/>ldsdf sfo{/t x'g'x'G5 . pxfs F } sfvdf * dlxgfsf] aRrf 5 . aRrf af]s]/} pxfF b}lgs ljBfno cfpg'x'G5 . pxfs F f >Ldfg a}b]lzs /f]huf/Ldf uP/ kmls{P nuQ}

ljjfx ePsf] lyof] . @) jif{ gk'Ub} ljjfx u/]/ aRrf hGdfpg' ;f]lx If]qdf ;dfGo ljifo aGg] u/]sf] 5 . ;fg}df ljjfx ug{]x? tyf cWoog 5f8\g]x?n] pd]/ a9fP/

gful/stf lng] / /fxbfgL agfP/ ljb]z hfg] u/]sf] Onfsf k|zf;g sfof{no agv'sf clws[t /fdd0fL sfkm\n]n] atfpg' eof] . …s]lx lbg cl3 dfq} cfP/ oxfs F f] kl/l:ylt

a'em\bf sd pd]/nfO{ sfuhL ?kdf a9fP/ gful/stf lng] / ljb]z hfg] u/]sf] kfPÚF–pxfn F ] eGg' eof]–…o;nfO{ /f]Sg cleefjs ;r]t x'g' k¥of] eg] hgk|ltlglw / afs F L @ kh ] df

ljBfno k"jf{wf/df km8\sf]

sd{rf/L cfjZostf ;"rgf k|sflzt ldlt -k|yd k6s_ @)&^÷)*÷@@ o; ;+:yfsf] nflu lgDg sd{rf/Lsf] cfjZostf eO{ v'Nnf k|lt:kwf{af6 kbk"lt{ ug'{kg]{ ePsf]n] b]xfoadf]lhdsf] of]Uotf k'u]sf OR5's g]kfnL gful/saf6 b/vf:t k]z ug{ cfXjfg ul/G5 . tf]lsPsf] Dofbleq gcfPsf] jf l/t gk'uL k|fKt ePsf] b/vf:t pk/ s'g} lsl;dsf] sf/jfxL x'g] 5}g .

dxfef/t ufpFkflnsfdf /x]sf $( j6f ;fd'bflos ljBfno e'sDkaf6 k"0f{ ?kdf Iflt eP kl5 z'? ePsf] k'glg{df{0fn] &# k|ltzt ;kmntf k|fKt u/]sf] 5 . #@ ljBfnosf $$ j6f ejg lgdf{0f ;DkGg ePsf 5g\ eg] s]lx lgdf{0fsf] cj:yfdf 5g\ . ljs6tfs} sf/0f s] l x ljBfnodf ljlgof]hg ePsf] /sd lkmtf{ ePsf] 5 . …rfn' jif{ lgdf{0f jif{sf ?kdf 3f]if0ff u/]/ cleofg z'? u/]sf 5f}+Ú–dxfef/t ufpFkflnsfsf cWoIf sfG5fnfn lhDafn] eGg'eof]–…e'sDkn] k"0f{ Iflt ePsf clwsf+z ljBfno k'glg{df{0fsf] r/0fdf 5f}+ .Ú lhNnf cfof]hgf sfof{Gjog OsfO{ dfkm{t ljleGg bftfx?sf] ;xof] u df dxfef/t ufpFkflnsfdf ljBfno k'glg{df{0fsf nflu !& s/f]8 ^$ nfv /sd ljlgof]hg ePsf] 5 . h;dWo] !@ s/f]8 #& nfv k'glg{df{0fdf vr{ eO{;s]sf] 5 . u|fdf]GgtL dflj / e}/j dflj

7]Ssf k|s[ofåf/f lgdf{0f z'? ePsf] 5 eg] ljBfno Aoj:yfkg ;ldlt dfkm{t s]lx ljBfno lgdf{0f eO{/x]sf 5g\ . lzIff sfof{no dfkm{t !) j6f ljBfnosf] dd{t ;Def/ ePsf] 5 . …@)&& r}q leq lhNnfsf ;a} ljBfnox? k'glg{df{0f ;Sg] u/L sfo{ cl3 a9]sf] 5Ú–lhNnf cfof]hgf sfof{Gjog OsfO{ -lzIff_ sf k|d'v 4fl/sfk|;fb kf]v/]nn] atfpg'eof]–…dxfef/t nufot ljs6 If]qdf ljBfno ejg lgdf{0fdf efuf}lns ljs6tfn] r'gf}tL ylkPsf 5g\ .Ú ljBfno k'glg{df{0f;Fu} zf}rfno lgdf{0fdf hf]8 lbO{Psf] 5 . sfof{Gjog O{sfO{n] clhNnfdf ! ;o $) j6f zf}rfno lgdf{0fsf] sfo{nfO{ lta|tf lbPsf] 5 . ljBfnosf] ejg;Fu} ljBfyL{x?sf] ;xhtfsf nflu zf}rfno lgdf{0f sfo{nfO{ k|fyldstfdf /fvL sfo{ z'? ul/Psf] OlGhlgo/ ;f]let >]i7n] atfpg' eof] . dxfef/t ufpFkflnsfdf /x]sf !$ j6f ljBfnosf] afFsL @ k]hdf

lj1fkg g+= #.)&^.)&& s_ kb M ahf/ k|ltlglw v_ cfjZos sd{rf/L ;+Vof M @ u_ cfjZos Go"gtd of]Uotf M != P;=O{=O{= jf ;f] ;/x pQL0f{ @= !* jif{ k"/f eO{ $) jif{ ggf3]sf] #= sDKo"6/ ;~rfng ;DaGwL ;fdfGo 1fg ePsf] $=:yfgLo, cg'ejL tyf b'O{ kf+u|] ;jf/L rfns cg'kltkq k|fKt pd]b\jf/nfO{ ljif]z k|fyldstf lbOg]5 .

3_ b/vf:t;Fu ;+nUg ug'{kg]{ sfuhftx¿ M != x:tlnlvt lgj]bg @= g]kfnL gful/stfsf] k|df0fkqsf] k|ltlnlk #= z}lIfs of]Uotfsf] k|df0fkqsf] k|ltlnlk $= sDKo"6/ ;~rfng tflnd tyf cGo cg'ejsf k|df0fkqx¿sf] k|ltlnlk %= xfn;fn} lvr]sf] kf;kf]6{ ;fOhsf] kmf]6f] @ k|lt ^= JolQmut ljj/0f -afof]8f6f_ &= b'O{ kf+u|] ;jf/L rfns cg'dlt kqsf] k|ltlnlk ª _ b/vf:t lbg] :yfg M ;+:yfsf] s]lGb|o sfof{no ag]kfdf laxfg !)M)) ah]b]lv a]n'sL $M#) ah];Dd . r_ b/vf:t lbg] clGtd ldlt M ;"rgf k|sflzt ePsf] ldltn] !% lbgleq . -ldlt M @)&^.)(.)^ ;Dd_ 5_ ;Dks{ ldlt M b/vf:t lbg] clGtd ldltsf] ef]lnkN6 -@)&^.)(.)& ut]_ h_ k/LIffsf] lsl;d M lnlvt, cGt{jftf{ . em_ kfl/>lds M ;+:yfsf] lgodfg';f/ . `_ cGo ;'ljwf M kf]zfs vr{, bz}F vr{, af]g;, ;fdflhs ;'/Iff sf]if, ladf nufot cGo ;'ljwf .

6_b/vf:t z'Ns M ?= @)) kl5 lkmtf{ gx'g] u/L . ;b:o ;lrj kbk"lt{ pk–;ldlt

o'jf art tyf C0f ;xsf/L ;+:yf ln= ag]kf–&, sfe]|, kmf]g g+= )!!–^^)*^#, ^^)#!$

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r]i6f ;fKtflxs

;DkfbsLo== = = = = = = = = = =

Gofodf l9nfO{ g] k fndf rn] s f] ;z:q åGåsf qmddf ePsf 36gfsf] ;TotYo 5fgljg ug{ ul7t ;ldltx? sfd g} ;DkGg gu/L lj3l6t ePsf 5g\ . k' g M u7g ug{ ] tof/L ul/Psf ;ldltx? sfof{ G jogdf gcfpF b } kLl8tx?nfO{ Gofosf] cfz dg{ yfn] s f] 5. ;dod} Gofo glbg' cyf{ t Gofodf l9nfO{ ug{ ' eg] s f] Gofo glbg' ;/x xf] eg] h:t} kLl8tx?n] wdfwd Gofosf] abnfdf cfkm' v ' z L cbfnt k' U g] / Gofo dfUg] qmd z' ? u/] s f 5g\ . lhNnf cbfntdf btf{ ePsf b' O { Goflos d[ T o' 3f] i f0ff To;sf pbfx/0f x' g \ . ;z:q åGådf ePsf 36gfsf j] k Qf kl/jf/n] dfu] s f] Gofon] ;du| åGåsf 36gfsf] k| l tljDa u/] s f u/] s f 5g\ . ;+ q md0fsfnLg Gofosf nflu u7g ePsf lgsfox? ;lqmo x' g g;Sbf kLl8tx?n] Gofo kfpg ;ls/x] s f] cj:yf 5} g . y' k | } j] k Qfsf cfkmGtx? cfof] u sf] lg0f{ o sf] kvfO{ d f 5g\ . t/ cfof] u cfkm} Gofosf] cf;df 5. ;z:q åGås} qmddf c1ft ;d' x n] jf cfkm} j] k Qf ePsfsf cfkmGtx? klg cj;/ s' / ] / al;/x] s f 5g\ . o:tf] cj:yfdf cfof] u sf] lg:kIf 5fgljg cfjZos 5. unt AolQmn] /fHon] k| b fg ug{ ] jf:tljs kLl8tsf] /fxt k| f Kt ug{ g;sf] ; \ eg] kLl8t Tof] cj;/af6 al~rt x' g ' gk/f] ; \ . lhNnf cbfntdf lgj] b g btf{ eO{ d[ T o' 3f] i f0ff ul/Psf b' O { km/s km/s AolQmsf] p2] Z o km/s km/s 5. klxnf] 3f] i f0ff >Ldfg !% jif{ b] l v j] k Qf eO{ gful/stf / cGo ;' l jwf ;d] t kfpg g;s] s fn] To;sf] ;x' l notsf nflu >LdtLn] d' n ' s L b] j fgL sfo{ l jwL ;+ l xtf, @)&$ sf] bkmf $) adf] l hd cbfntdf lbPsf] lgj] b g pk/ cfb] z eO{ :yfgLo ;/sf/sf] clwsf/ ;d] t k| o f] u u/L ;lh{ l dg d' r ' N sf ;d] t sf cfwf/df cbfntn] klxnf] k6s d[ T o' 3f] i f0ff u/] s f] xf] . ;fljs kftn] v ] t uflj; j8f gDj/ ! xfn w' l nv] n gu/kflnsf j8f gDj/ !! a:g] zf/bf kf} 8 \ o fn lwtfnn] >Ldfg xl/z/0f lwtfn !% jif{ b] l v j] k Qf ePsfn] Goflos d[ T o' 3f] i f0ff u/L kfpF elg @)&% df3 @% ut] lhNnf cbfntdf lgj] b g lbg' ePsf] lyof] . cbfntdf a' e mfPsf] sfuhftsf cfwf/df lhNnf cbfntsf GofofwLz b' u f{ v8\ s fn] @)&% ;fn df3 @( ut] d[ T o' ePsf] 3f] i f0ff ug{ ' eof] . pQm 3f] i f0ff kZrft /fHon] k| b fg ug{ ] Psn dlxnfsf] ;' l jwf ;d] t zf/bf kf} 8 \ o fn lwtfnn] kfpg' x' G 5. ;z:q åGåsf qmddf j] k Qf eO{ nfdf] ;do;Dd /fHon] 5fgljg u/] / klg lg0f{ o lbg g;s] s f AolQmsf] xf] . @^ jif{ s f] pd] / df w' l nv] n af6 ;z:q åGåsf] ;dodf j] k Qf agfO{ P sf w' l nv] n gu/kflnsf ;fljs j8f gDj/ # xfn j8f gDj/ & sf ;u' g >] i 7nfO{ a] k Qfsf] ;" r Ldf @)^%÷)^^ b] l v /flvPsf] lyof] . @)&@ ;fndf dfq} j] k Qf AolQmsf] 5fgljgsf nflu ;/sf/n] cfof] u u7gsf nflu lgodfjnL agfof] . To;;DjGwL 5fgljg z' ? eof] . t/ kbflwsf/Lsf] Dofb ;lsF b f;Dd 6' Ë f] d f k' U g g;s] s fn] cfof] u cfkm} kbflwsf/L ljlxg aGg k' U of] t/ j] k Qf AolQmx?sf] ljifodf lg0f{ o x' g ;s] g . Tolx lg0f{ o ;dod} x' g g;Sbf kl/jf/sf] cGo ;d:of ;d] t ;dfwfg x' g ;s] g . lgwg ePsf] s' / f hfgsf/L eP klg 3f] i f0ff x' g ] cfwf/ ePg . To;} n } tTsfn Gofosf nflu ;/sf/n] cfjZos k| s [ o f k' / f ug{ ' h?/L 5.

;'grfFbLsf] ;fKtflxs ahf/ efp ;'g k|lt !) u|f= ;'g k|lt tf]nf rfFbL k|lt !) u|f= rfFbL k|lt tf]nf

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61730/61470/61470/61045/60870/60700/60700/-

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850/850/850/839/80 835/829/829/-

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ho >L r08L Hj]n;{ s?0ffdfu{ $#, ag]kf * ho]Gb| zfSo -(*$!@)%!&^, )!!^^!&^)_

jif{ @^ c+s & @)&^ d+l;/ @^ ut] ljxLjf/

pklgjfr{gsf] rrf{ / o;n] lbPsf] ;Gbz] ;+3Lo u0ftGq g]kfnsf] hf/L ;+ljwfg cg';f/ lj=;+= @)&$ j}zfv / d+l;/df /fHosf tLgj6} txdf lgjf{rg ;DkGg ePsf] c9fO{ jif{kl5 ljleGg sf/0fjz vfnL x'g uPsf k|ltlglw;ef ;b:o–!, k|b]z ;ef ;b:o # / :yfgLo txsf $* :yfg u/L hDdf %@ :yfgsf nflu ut d+l;/ !$ ut] lgjf{rg ;DkGg eO{ lgjf{lrt hgk|ltlglwx?n] sfo{ef/ ;d]t ;Dxfln;s]sf 5g\ . s"n %@ :yfgsf] nflu ePsf] lgjf{rgdf g]skfn] #) :yfg, sfFu|];n] !# :yfg, ;dfhjfbLn] $ :yfg, /fhkfn] # :yfg, hgdf]rf{n] ! :yfg / :jtGq pDd]bjf/n] ! :yfgdf ljho xfl;n u/]sf x'g\ . :yfgLo txsf] lgjf{rgdf w/fg pkdxfgu/kflnsfsf] lgjf{rgnfO{ d'Vo rf;f] / k|lti7fsf] ?kdf x]l/Psf] lyof] hxfF g]kfnL sfFu|];n] #) jif{kl5 ljhosf] afhL df/]s]f 5 . nuftf/ jfdkGyLn] lhTb} cfPsf] / @)&$ sf] lgjf{rgdf ;fljs Pdfn]n] PSn} @)(&% dt NofP/ lht]sf] lyof] eg] sfFu|];n] !^!)@ / ;fljs dfcf]jfbLn] !!!*) dt NofPsf lyP . o;/L Pdfn] / dfcf]jfbL PsLs/0f kl5 ag]sf] g]skf;Fu #@!%% dt b]lvG5 . t/ pklgjf{rgdf sfFu|];sf ltns /fO{n] @^&)( dt k|fKt u/] eg] g]skfsf k|sfz /fO{sf] @#(!$ dfq eO{ @^(% sf] dtfGt/ /xg uof] . pk lgjf{rgdf eQmk'/ !-s_ df g]skfsf] k/fho x'g'klg rrf{sf] lzv/df /x]sf] 5 . @)&$ ;fnsf] lgjf{rgdf ;fljs Pdfn]sf xl/z/0f nfld5fg]n] !@&*) dt k|fKt u/L ljhoL ePsf lyP eg] sfFu|];sf ljho vqLn] ((&& dt k|fKt u/]sf lyP . t/ clxn] ToxL If]qdf g]kfnL sfFu|];sf s[i0fnfn eOnn] !#$$( dt k|fKt u/L ljho x'Fbf l;Ëf] g]skfsf b]jLk|;fb 9sfnn] !!@)^ dt k|fKt u/L @@$# sf] dtfGt/n] k/flht x'g k'Uof] . eQmk'/sf] k|b]z;ef lgjf{rgdf g]skfsf] k/fho x'g'df w]/} k|;Ëx? ufFl;Psf 5g\, o;nfO{ s]lxn] kf6L{ ldn] klg sfo{stf{x?sf] dg gldn]sf] ?kdf lnPsf 5g\ eg] s]lxn] 9sfnsf] pDd]bjf/L k|lt g} kf6L{ sfo{stf{df ljt[i0ff ePsf] hgfPsf 5g\ . To;}n] t 9sfnn] l6s6 kfO;s] kl5 kf6L{ sfof{nodf tfnfaGbL u/L l6s6 lkmtf{sf] dfu ;d]t ePsf] lyof] . g]skfsf] k/fhodf csf{] k|;Ë klg ufFl;Psf] 5, 9sfn k|r08sf lgs6 dflgG5g\ clg phf{dGqL jif{dfg\ k'gsf :jsLo ;lrj klg x'g\ . eQmk'/ gu/sf]6 lgdf{0ffwLg ;8s v08sf] lgdf{0f sfo{ jiff{}b]lv cnkq 5f8\g] 7]s]bf/ zf/bfk|;fb clwsf/L k|r08sf 3/a]6L x'g / k|r08sf] ;+/If0f kfPs} sf/0f pgLdfly sf/jfxL gx'g', clg eQmk'/sf hgtf / dtbftfn] of] l/; klg pklgjf{rgdf kf]v]sf x'g;Sg] sltkosf] cg'dfg 5 . o;/L o;k6ssf] pklgjf{rgdf jiff{}b]lv jfdkGyLsf] u9 dflgFb} cfPsf] w/fg pkdxfgu/kflnsf, eQmk'/sf] ! s / k|r08s} lgjf{rg If]q lrtjgsf] e/tk'/ !^ df sfFu|];n] ljho xfl;n ug{'df g]kfnL sfFu|];n] jt{dfg hgdt ;Qf?9 g]skfsf] kIfdf g/x]sf] hgfPsf] 5 . sfFu|];n] k/flht ef]u]sf] cGo :yfgsf lgjf{rgdf klg dtfGt/ sd b]lvPsfn] of] sfFu|];sf] nflu cfufdL lgjf{rgdf ljhosf] z'e;+s]tsf] ?kdf p;n] lnPsf] 5 . t/ g]skfn] pQm xf/ Joxf]/]sf lgjf{rg If]qsf af/]df cflwsf/Ls

!# jif{============ ;/f]sf/jfnf lgsfox? ;a}n] hgr]tgf a9fpg' k¥of] . ljBfno 5f8\g] / /f]huf/sf nflu hfg] clwsf+zsf] pd]/ k'u]sf] 5}g . ljb]z hfg gldn] zx/L If]qdf >dsf nflu cfpg] u/]sf] sfkm\n]sf] cg'ej 5 . gful/stf lng cfpg] AolQmx?sf] pd]/ g} gk'Ug] t/ sfuh ldn]kl5 /f]Sg g;Sg] pxfFn] atfpg'

;"rgf

cfhsf] ljrf/ ofbj yfkf lgjf{rgdf s;n] sxf“ slt lht] tflnsfdf x]/f}+

wf/0ff aflx/ NofPsf] 5}g / ;DalGwt kf6L{ sld6LnfO{ lgjf{rgsf] ;dLIff k]z ug{ ;s'{n/ hf/L u/]sf] 5 . To;}u/L k|b]z;ef tkm{ bfª If]q g+= # v / afUn'ªsf] If]q g+= @ v df ePsf] lgjf{rg dt kl/0ffd ut @)&$ s} oyfl:yltdf /x]sfn] To;af/] Tolt w]/} rrf{ / ljZn]if0f ug{ cfjZos /x]g . bfª #v sf] lgjf{rgdf g]skfsL ljdnfs'df/L vqLn] @$@*^ dt / sfFu|];sf s]zj/fh zdf{n] !(!*@ dt k|fKt ubf{ %!)$ sf] dtfGt/ /x]sf] lyof] . kljqf g]skfsf :j= pQ/s'df/ jnLsf] wd{kTgL x'g\ . :j= jnLn] @)&$ sf] lgjf{rgdf ;f]lx If]qaf6 @#(&) dt NofO{ !&%#% k|fKt ug{] sfFu|];sf a'l4/fd e08f/LnfO{ ^$#% dtfGt/n] k/flht u/]sf lyP . jnLsf] utjif{ ;8s b'3{6gfdf d[To' ePsf] lyof] . afUn'ªsf] If]q g+= @ v ut @)&$ sf] lgjf{rgdf klg /fhdf]sf 6]saxfb'/ 3tL{n] !!**$ dt NofO{ lht]sf] / pgsf] klg utjif{ lgwg eO vfnL ePsf] If]qdf o; pklgjf{rgdf klg g]skfsf] ;dy{gdf /fli6«o hgdf]rf{sf vLdljqmd zfxL !!@#% NofO{ (!#* dt k|fKt ug{] sfFu|];sf lhtaxfb'/ z]/rgnfO{ @)(& sf] dtfGt/n] k/flht ug{ ;kmn ePsf x'g\ . pklgjf{rgdf ;jf{lws rrf{ / rf;f]sf] If]qsf] ?kdf sf:sL If]q g+= @ /x]sf] lyof] . tTsfnLg ko{6g tyf gful/s p88\og dGqL /ljGb| clwsf/Lsf] x]lnsK6/ b'3{6gfdf lgwg eO{ vfnL ePsf] pQm If]qdf g]skfsf] pDd]bjf/ :j= clwsf/Lsf] wd{kTgL ljBf e§/fO{n] @$#($ dt k|fKt u/L sfFu|];sf v]d/fh kf}8]nnfO{ *$)# sf] dtfGt/n] k/flht u/]sL x'g\ . sfFu|];sf] kf}8]nn] !%((! dt k|fKt u/]sf lyP . pQm If]qdf @)&$ sf] lgjf{ r gdf klg /ljGb| n ] sfF u | ] ; sf pDd]bjf/nfO{ *%$% sf] dtfGt/n] k/flht u/]sf lyP . pk lgjf{rgdf sf:sL If]q g+= @ eof] .

‘8«k cfp6’ 7'nf] ;d:of uf]s'n] dfljdf dfq} x}g dxfef/t ufpFkflnsf / cGo ljs6 If]qsf ljBfnox?sf nflu ljBfyL{x? egf{ eP/ lgoldt sIffdf gcfO{ cWoog 5f8\g] k|d'v ;d:ofsf ?kdf b]lvPsf] 5 . afn ljjfx, cWoog 5f8]/ >ddf ;+nUg x'g] qmd lbgk|ltlbg al9/x]sf] 5 . uf]s'n] dfljdf aflif{s @ ;o eGbf w]/} ljBfyL{x? 8«k cfp6 x'g] u/]sf 5g\ eg] cGo ljBfnox?df klg Tof] ;d:of 5 . k};fsf nflu dhb'/L ug{ hfg] afnaflnsfx?sf] ;+Vof klg w]/} 5 . cfo cfh{gsf sfddf ;+nUg x'g g;Sbf cleefjsx?n] afnaflnsfx?n] ljBfno txdf /f]Sg ;s]sf 5}gg\ . ef}uf]lns ljs6tfsf] r/d cj:yfaf6 u'lh|Psf] dxfef/t ;'udtf lt/ hfFb} 5 . ;8s, lzIff, :jf:Yo;Fu} /f]huf/ / ljBfyL{x?sf] lgoldttfdf ljz]if sfo{qmd ;+rfng ug{] cWoIf sfG5fnfn lhDafn] atfpg' eof] .

b'O{ kfª\u|] ;jf/L ;fwgsf] cufl8÷k5fl8 ;–;fgf afnaflnsf ljBfno========== /fvL ;jf/L ;fwg rnfpFbf clgjfo{?kdf afnaflnsfnfO{ ;'/lIft a]N6n] afFwL cfjZostf cg';f/ x]Nd]6;d]t nufO{lbg] u/f}+ . g]kfn ;/sf/

;+rf/ tyf ;"rgf k|ljlw dGqfno ;"rgf tyf k|;f/0f ljefu

cg'udg ePsf] 5 . u|fdf]GgtL dfljdf Pl8aLsf] C0f ;xof]udf * s/f]8 ^$ nfvsf] @! sf]7] @ j6f ejg lgdf{0f eO{/x]sf 5g\ . % ;o %) ljBfyL{ /x]sf] pQm ljBfno dxfef/t If]qs} w]/} cg'bfg k|fKt ug{] ljBfno xf] . ljBfyL{sf] cg'kftdf lzIfs g/x]sf] pQm If]qdf afnaflnsfx?

306f} lx8]/ cfpg] u/]sf 5g\ . ljBfnosf] cfkm\g} 5fqfaf; ;d]t 5}g . u|fdf]Gglt dflj, z'esfdgf k|flj, e}/j]Zj/ cfwf/e't ljBfno, l;4]Zj/ dflj, hgdf]xg dflj, cfhfb cfwf/e't ljBfno, hgsNof0f cfwf/e't ljBfno, Hof]tL cfwf/e't ljBfno, uf}n]Zj/L cfwf/e't ljBfno, hgsNof0f dflj, rGb|f]bo k|flj, e}/j dflj, uf]s'n] dflj, xfo'vf]nf k|fljsf] cg'udg u/L tTsfn lgdf{0f sfo{ ;DkGg ug{ lgb{]zg lbb} lgdf{0f ;DkGg ePsf ljBfnox?df kmlg{r/, tf/3]/faf/, zf}rfno lgdf{0fsf] sfo{ ug{] of]hgf agfO{Psf] 5 . dxfef/t ufpkFflnsf j8f gDj/ ^ agv' uf]N6f/df /x]sf] uf}n]Zj/L cfwf/e't ljBfnosf] $ sf]7] kSsL ejg tLg jif{ ljlt;Sbf ;d]t lgdf{0f ;DkGg x'g ;s]sf] 5}g

df g]skfsL ljBf e§/fO{ / bfª # df g]skfsL ljdnfs'df/L vqLn] ljho xfl;n ug{'df kf6L{sf] dt ;lxt ;xfg'e"ltsf] dt klg ylkPsf] elg ;fdflhs ;Ghfn / kqklqsfdf w]/} n]vx? k|sflzt eP . ljBf / ljdnf b'j}hgf cf–cfkm\gf kltsf] csfn lgwg ePkl5 pQm If] q df kltsf] pQ/flwsf/Lsf] ?kdf pEofOPsf k|ltlglwx? kSs} x'g\ . klt lj5f]8sf] Psjif{ leq} x'g nfu]sf] of] pklgjf{rgdf dtbftfsf] pgLx?k|lt ;xfg'e"lt k|s6 x'g' :jefljs dfgjLo k|j[lQ klg xf] . t/ g]skfsf] k|lta4 dt / pDd]bjf/x? :jo+ ;Ifd gx'g] xf] eg] ;xfg'e"ltsf] dtn] dfq r'gfj lhTg ;Dej x'g] lyPg .

pk lgjf{rgn] lbPsf] ;Gb]z / lzIff

pklgjf{rg @)&^ ut lgjf{rg @)&$ df lgjf{lrt eO{ ljleGg sf/0fjz l/Qm :yfgnfO{ k"/f ug{] lgjf{rg ePsf]n] o; lgjf{ r gsf] kl/0ffdn] b] z sf] ;Qf ;dLs/0fsf] hf]8 36fpm / ljBdfg k|0ffnLdf tflTjs cGt/ kfg{ ;Sb}g, tfklg s]lx /fhg}lts ljZn]ifsx?n] o; pklgjf{rgnfO{ ldgL hgdt ;+u|x / ;Qf?9 bn / ;/sf/sf] dWofjlw d"Nof+sgsf] ?kdf klg x]g{] u/]sf] kfOG5 . pklgjf{rgn] ;Qf?9 g]skfnfO{ klg w/fg pkdxfgu/kflnsf / eQmk'/ ! s sf] kl/0ffdn] /d|} ;as / ;Gb]z lbof] . eQmk'/sf] kl/0ffdn] g]tfsf] cflzjf{b kfPsf] t/ sfo{stf{n] g?rfPsf] pDd]bjf/n] r'gfj lhTg ;Sb}g eGg] ;Gb]z lbof] eg] w/fgsf] dt kl/0ffdn] Pdfn] dfcf]jfbL kf6L{ Pstf kl/kSj / sl;nf] x'g afFsL /x]sf] / k|ltkIf zlQmdfly x]nfFxf]rf] / s8f k|xf/ gu/ x} eGg] ;Gb]z lbg'sf ;fy} g]skfsf] g]t[Tjju{nfO{ gftfjfb s[kfjfbaf6 dfly p7]/ ;Rrf sDo'lgi6 g]tfsf] cfr/0f Jojxf/ / hLjgz}nLsf cg';/0f ug{ s8f ;Gb]z lbFb} vt/fsf] 3G6L ahfP/ uPsf] 5 . . ^@ nfv @& xhf/ ! ;o (! ?k}ofF nfut /x]sf] pQm ljBfno ejg lgdf{0fsf nflu ljBfno Aoj:yfkg ;ldltn] :yfgLo 7]s]bf/ /fdaxfb'/ of]~hgnfO{ 7]Ssf lbPsf] lyof] . ;dod} lgdf{0f ;DkGg ug{] u/L ;Demf}tf u/L ljBfnon] lhDd]jf/L lbP klg of]~hgn] ejg lgdf{0fdf cfn6fn ug{' ePsf] xf] . …xfdLaf6 pxfn F ] k6s k6s /sd n}hfg' eof] t/ ;dod} lgdf{0f ul/lbg' ePgÚ–ljBfno Aoj:yfkg ;ldlt cWoIf dfgaxfb'/ ah'n] eGg'eof]–…Pp6f ejg ;DkGg ug{ g;Sbf csf{] ejg / zf}rfno lgdf{0fdf ;d]t c;/ k¥of] . afnaflnsfx?nfO{ af;Fsf] 6x/fdf k9fpg afWo x'g' k/]sf] 5 .Ú ;dod} sfd ;DkGg ug{ ufpkFflnsf cWoIf sfG5fnfn lhDaf, lhNnf cfof]hgf sfof{Gjog OsfO{sf k|d'v 4fl/sfk|;fb kf]v/]n, OlGhlgo/ ;f]let >]i7 ;lxtsf] 6f]nLn] clGtd r]tfjgL lbP/ kmls{Psf] 5 . ! ;o %@ hgf ljBfyL{ /x]sf] pQm ljBfnodf sIff sf]7fsf] cefjdf afnaflnsfx? 6x/fdf a:g afWo 5g\ . k|wfgfWofks lx/faxfb'/ /fgf du/n] clGtd k6s lbPsf] ;dofjwL leq} lgdf{0f ;DkGg ug{] u/L sfo{ u/]sf] atfpg' eof] . …7]s]bf/sf] c;xof]u / nfk{jflx, ef}uf]lns ljs6tfsf sf/0f l9nfO{ ePsfn] cfTdfnf]lrt x'G5f}+Ú–k|wfgfWofks lx/faxfb'/ /fgf du/n] eGg'eof]–…xfd|f] sf/0f afnaflnsfx?nfO{ ;d]t c;/ k/]sf] 5 .Ú lgdf{0f ;DkGg gx'bF} cfof]hgf sfof{Gjog OsfO{n] %% nfv /sd e'QmfgL ul/;s]sf] 5 . hgsNof0f cfwf/e't ljBfno agv' & df /x]sf] ljBfnosf] k'glg{df{0fdf l9nfO{ ePsf] 5 . b'u{d If]q ;8ssf] ljs6tfsf] sf/0f ejg lgdf{0f l9nfO{ ePsf] ljBfno Aoj:yfkg ;ldlt cWoIf OGb|axfb'/ nf] n] atfpg' eof] . ef}uf]lns ljs6tfsf sf/0f dxfef/tsf tLg ljBfnodf ljlgof]hg ul/Psf] ejg lgdf{0f lzif{ssf] /sd lkmtf{ ePsf] 5 . sf]vfb]jL k|flj, jgv', ;/:jtL k|flj £oflk|Ë, hgsNof0f k|fljdf ;8s gx'bFf lgdf{0f ;fdfu|L n}hfg sl7g ePsfn] /sd lkmtf{ ePsf] OlGhlgo/ ;f]let >]i7n] atfpg' eof] . …s'g} ljsNk 5}g, g ljBfno Aoj:yfkg ;ldltn] lhDd]jf/L lnG5, g 7]Ssfdf nufpg ;lsG5Ú–OlGhlgo/ ;f]let >]i7n] eGg'eof]–…afnaflnsfx? 6x/fdf 5g\, k};f 5, ejg agfpg ;lsPsf] 5}g . ejg

eQmk'/sf] kl/0ffdn] g]tfsf] cflzjf{b kfPsf] t/ sfo{stf{n] g?rfPsf] pDd]bjf/n] r'gfj lhTg ;Sb}g eGg] ;Gb]z lbof] eg] w/fgsf] dt kl/0ffdn] Pdfn] dfcf]jfbL kf6L{ Pstf kl/kSj / sl;nf] x'g afFsL /x]sf] / k|ltkIf zlQmdfly x]nfFxf]rf] / s8f k|xf/ gu/ x} eGg] ;Gb]z lbg'sf ;fy} g]skfsf] g]t[Tjju{nfO{ gftfjfb s[kfjfbaf6 dfly p7]/ ;Rrf sDo'lgi6 g]tfsf] cfr/0f Jojxf/ / hLjgz}nLsf cg';/0f ug{ s8f ;Gb]z lbFb} vt/fsf] 3G6L ahfP/ uPsf] 5 . w/fg / eQmk'/sf] lgjf{rg kl/0ffdn] g]kfnL sfFu|]; xf}l;Psf] 5, cGo :yfgdf xf/lhtsf] cGt/ ;fF3'/f] x'Fb} uPsfn] sfFu|];n] g]kfnL hgdt cfkm"tkm{ cfslif{t ePsf] bfjL u/]sf] 5 . t/ p;nfO{ klg pk lgjf{rgn] ;f+ul7gs ;+/rgfsf] lj:tf/ / ;'b[l9s/0f tNnf] tx;Dd k'Ug g;s]sf] / kf6L{df u'6 pku'6 emfFluPsf] ;Gb]z lbPsf] 5 .

To;}u/L pk lgjf{rgn] j}slNks zlQmsf] ?kdf b]vf kg{ yfn]sf] ;femf ljj]szLn kf6L{nfO{ klg ;fy lbPgg\ eg] cfsf/df v'lDrFb} uPsf /fk|kf g]dlskf / If]qLo:t/sf ;+3Lo ;dfhjfbL /fhkfnfO{ klg oyf:yfgdf /xg] hgfb]z / ;Gb]z lbPsf] 5 . hgtf / dtbftfnfO{ ;w} cfkm\gf] /}lt / d'7Lsf df5f ;Demg] 7"nf bnx? g]skf / sfFu|];nfO{ klg pklgjf{rgn] /fd|f] ;as / lzIff lbFb} dtbftf ;w}e/L s;}sf clwgtf / bf;tf :jLsf/ ub{}gg\ eGg] ultnf] ;Gb]z lbPsf] 5 . x'g t g]kfndf x'g] u/]sf ljut jif{x?sf r'gfjdf klg g]kfnL dtbftfn] cfkm\gf] dtbfg :jtGq / :j:km"t{ ?kdf JoQm u/]sf] kfOPsf] 5 . k+rfotsfndf Joj:yfsf] lvNnL p8fpg gfgLd}of bfxfn / hgkIfLo pDd]bjf/sf] ?kdf kb\d/Tg t'nfw/nfO{ klg sf7df8f}+jf;Ln] ljho u/fPsf x'g\ . clg To;}u/L lj=;+= @)$* b]lv @)&) ;Dd ePsf ljleGg lgjf{rgdf klg g]kfnL dtbftfn] cfnf]kfnf] ;Fu jfdkGyL / k|hftflGqs zlQmnfO{ slxn] PskIfLo ?kdf / slxn] ldn]/ zf;g u/ eg]/ cfkm\gf] cledt k|bfg ub{} cfPsf x'g\ . h]xf];\ g]kfndf cem} s]lx bzs oLg} b'O{ zlQmsf] zf;g;Qf cfnf]kfnf] x'g] ;+s]t b]lvPsf] 5 . t;y{ oL b'O{ zlQm g]skf / sfFu|];n] hgtfsf] cledtsf] sb/ / ;Ddfg ub{} lhDd]jf/ /fhg}lts zlQm / ;F:sf/sf] ?kdf :yflkt ub{} b]z ljsf;sf] /fd|f] dfu{lrq sf]/L sfof{Gjog ub{} hfg ;s] g]kfnsf efjL ;Gtfgn] jt{dfg ;/sf/n] NofPsf] gf/f æ;d[4 g]kfn, ;'vL g]kfnLÆ sf] pHhjn lIflth b]Vg kfpy] ls eGg] ck]Iff ug{ ;lsG5 . lgdf{0f ug{ g;Sbf /sd lkmtf{ ug{' k¥of] .Ú dxfef/tsf s]lx ljBfnox?df !) lsnf]ld6/ eGbf 6f9faf6 ;fdfu|L af]s]/ ljBfno ejg lgdf{0f ul/Psf] 5 . uf}/L lgdflj j8f gDj/ %, lbAo Hof]tL k|fljdf ;8s k'Ug g;Sbf ejg lgdf{0f eP klg zf}rfno lgdf{0f x'g ;s]sf] 5}g . $ 306fsf] b'/Ldf ;fdfg af]s]/ lgdf{0f ul/Psf ljBfnodf afnaflnsfx?n] cWoog ug{] cj;/ k|fKt u/]sf 5g\ .

$) jif{ kl5==== ;ldltaf6 v]ttkm{ df6f] d'/L / kfvf] tkm{ ljhgsf cfwf/df If]qkmn sfod u/L c+zj08f, gfd;f/L, /flhgfdf cflbsf] lnvt kfl/t u/L xs x:tfGt/0f x'Fb} cfPsf] lyof] . hUufsf] v08Ls/0f, k"jf{wf/sf] ljsf; Pj+ hUufsf] vl08s/0f lta| ?kdf ePsf]n] ;fljs ljhgsf cfwf/df xs x:tfGt/0f ug{ sl7gfO{ ePsf] / ;fljssf] cj}1flgs nutsf] cfwf/df hUuf k|zf;g ubf{ ;/sf/L ;fj{hlgs hUufx? nf]k x'g ;Sg] cj:yf l;h{gf ePsf] lyof] . hUufwgL btf{ k|df0fk'hf{ ljt/0f gePsf sf/0fn] hUuf vl/b ljqmL, gfd;f/L, c+za08f nufotsf sfo{ ug{ / a}lsË sf/f]jf/ ug{ sl7gfO{ ePsf] :yfgLo ;Gtdfof tfdfªn] atfpg' eof] . pQm If]qdf ^ xhf/ % ;o %! lsQf sfod ePsf] 5 . AolQm ljz]ifsf] gfddf btf{ lsQf % xhf/ ! ;o % /x]sf] 5 . btf{ afFsL lsQf ;+Vof * ;o *( /x]sf] 5. @ ;o !@ lsQf hUuf ;/sf/L ;fj{hlgs k|s[ltsf] hUuf /x]sf] 5 . hUuf k|flKtsf nflu * ;o %* j6f lgj]bg btf{ ePsf lyP . lgj]bg km5\of{}6 ;+Vof ! ;o %$ /x]sf] 5 . hUufwgL btf{ k|df0fk'hf{ ;+Vof tof/ lsQf * ;o /x]sf 5g\ . @)#@÷)## ;fnsf] gfkL gS;fnfO{ cBfjlws u/L hUufwgL btf{ k|df0fk'hf{ tof/ ul/g] lkmN8 6f]nLsf k|d'v uf]kfngf/fo0f e'h]nn] hfgsf/L lbg' eof] . gfkL sfof{no sfe|]af6 6f]nL kl/rflnt u/]sf] AolQm ljz]ifsf] gfddf btf{ ePsf $ xhf/ # ;o j6f lsQf hUuf cBfjlws u/L >]:tf k'hf{ tof/ ug{, @ ;o !) j6f lsQf hUuf g]kfn ;/sf/sf] >]:tf k'hf{ tof/ ug{ / * ;o () j6f lsQf hUuf btf{ ug{ afFsL 5g\ . hUufwgL btf{ k|df0fk'hf{sf nflu b'O{ 6f]nLdf !* hgf sd{rf/Lx? vl6Psf 5g\ .

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al/i7 sfo{sf/L clws[t a'8f]n ;fd'bflos ;fsf];, ag]kf, sfe|] ;+rfns–k'ikf~hnL ls08/ uf6{]g, kgf}tL hGd, afNosfn, cf}krfl/s lzIffM @)#( ;fn a}zfv @% ut] kgf}tL ;'Gyfgdf d]/f] hGd eof] . hGd ToxfF eP klg sd{ ;a} ag]kfdf laTof] . eQ]mZj/ k|fylds ljBfnoaf6 cf}krfl/s lzIff k|f/De u/L sIff % ;Dd cWoog ug{] cj;/ kfPF . sIff ^ b]lv !@ ;Dd w'lnv]nsf] ;~hLjgL dfljaf6 ±@ ;Dd cWoog u/]+ . ag]kfsf] sfe|] ax'd'vL SofDk;af6 :gfts txsf] cWoog u/]+ . kl/jf/sf] klxnf] ;Gtfg lyPF d . alxgL / efO{ ;d]t u/L xfdL tLg ;Gtfg 5f}+ . afNosfnsf] k"/} ;do ag]kfsf] a'8f]ndf laTof] . % hgfsf] kl/jf/ lyof] . t/ klg sl7gfO{ / cefjx? w]]/} lyP . k/Dk/f cg';f/ a'af kl/jf/;Fu cnu eP/ ag]kf cfpg' ePsf] /x]5 . @)$@÷)$# ;fn b]lv a'af ag]kf a:g yfNg' eof] . a'afsf] sfd slxn] sf7df8f}+df klg x'g] /x]5 . To;a]nf b]lv g} xfdL ag]kfdf a:g yfNof}+ . cfly{s cj:yf Go"g lyof] t/ klg xfdLnfO{ cefj x'g a'af cfdfn] lbg' ePg . 3/ aflx/ s]lx v]nx? v]NYof}+ t/ p6\km6\ofË ePg . do'/ rnlrq dlGb/df lkmNd x]g{ hfg] u/]sf lyof}+ . ;fyLn] c08f rf]/]/ Nofpg] d}n] k;ndf nu]/ ljqmL ub{y]+ . ljxfg zlgaf/ ^ ah] cl3 g} xnsf] l6s6 sfp06/df uP/ nfO{g a:bYof}+ . s]lx To:tf /dfO{nf If0fx? 5g\ . l6eL x]g{] s'/f lyPg . a'8f]n If]qdf Pp6f dfq l6eL lyof] . ef]nf s];L ;/sf] 3/df l6eL lyof] . ufpFe/Lsf dfG5]x? l6eLdf cfpg] /fdfo0f x]g{ hfg] u/]sf lyP . d klg d'dfsf] kl5kl5 nfu]/ uPsf] lyPF . l6eL x]g{ hfFbf h'Qf rKkn aflx/ vf]n]/ hfg' kb{Yof] . d}n] s]lx lbg cl3 dfq} xflQ5fk rKkn lsg]sf] lyPF . Tolx gofF rKkn nufP/ uPsf] lyPF . 3/ aflx/ /fv]sf] rKkn x/fpFbf gdHhf eof] . df]hfsf] an agfP/ v]NYof}+ . c? s]lx To:tf v]nx? lyP xfdL To;/L g} ;do ljtfpFYof}+ . clns ;f]emf] lyPF . ;a}sf] cuf8L To;/L g} lrghfg x'GYof] .

Psk6s cleefjssf] sf/jfxLdf k/]sf] 5' . efO{ alxgLnfO{ lnP/ wf/fdf hfFbf alxgL wf/fdf ePsf] n]pdf lrlKnP/ nl8g\ . lgwf/df rf]6 nfUof] . a'afn] d]/f] x]/rfx sd ePsf] eg]/ lk6\g' eof] . a'afn] s'l6/xg' kb{}g lyof] af]Nbf dfq} klg 8/ x'GYof] . ljBfnodf cWoog ul//xFbf lzIfssf ;fdfGo sf/jfxLdf kl/of] . t/ 7'nf] sf/jfxL ePg . u[xsfo{ g;Sbf ;fdfGo sf/jfxL x'GYof] . xfdL;Fu a:g] ;fyLx?nfO{ lgb{oL 9+un] s'6]sf] b]Vbf xfdL ;r]t x'GYof}+ . a'af;Fu lzIff lyPg . Hofnf dhb'/L u/]/} xfdLnfO{ lzIff k|bfg ug{' eof] . s'g} vfnsf] cefj klg x'g lbg' ePg . d a'em\b} uP kl5 Tof] s'/f yfxf kfPF / dfu g} x'g 5f8\of] . ;fgf]df ga'em]/ hlt dfu u/] klg a'em\b} uP kl5 Tof] vfnsf] dfu ePg .

P;Pn;L;Dd pxfFx?n] ;xof]u ug{'eof] . P;Pn;L kl5 d}n] pxfFx?nfO{ b'Mv lbO{gF . cfkm} To;sf] Aoj:yfkg ug{ nfu]+ . a'af cfdf sfddf hfg' x'GYof] . d cfkm} vfgf ksfP/ efO{ alxgLnfO{ ;d]t lnP/ ljBfno hfGy] . plgx?nfO{ 3/df klg cWoog ug{ l;sfpFy] . eQm]Zj/df Pshgf lzIfs x'g'x'GYof] pxfFn] hlxNo} sf/jfxL ubf{ s'v'/f agfpg' x'GYof] . c? xfF:of] eg] p;n] klg s'v'/f aGg' kb{Yof] . ;fgf]df xfdLnfO{ vfhf xn'jf v'jfpg] ul/Psf] lyof] . b'w klg ljt/0f ul/Psf] lyof] . xn'jf cfkm} agfpg cu|;/ x'GYof}+ . ljBfno aGb ug{] lhDd]jf/L klg xfd|f] lyof] . Ps lbg xfdLn] k|wfgfWofkssf] sf]7fdf k|j]z u/]/ afns eGg] ;flxToLs lstfa lgsfNof}+ . Tof] 3/df nu]/ cWoog ub{Yof}+ . sIff $ b]lv g} afXo lstfa cWoog ug{] cj;/ ldNof] . ljleGg ;flxlTos AolQmx?n] afnaflnsfx?sf nflu n]v]sf /rgfx? cWoog ubf{ dnfO{ klg ;flxTotkm{ ?rL hfu]sf] lyof] . eQm]Zj/ :s'ndf cWoog ubf{ g]t[Tj c?n] ub{y] t/ d ;d]t eP/ afns eGg] lstfa rf]/]/ cWoog u/]sf lyof}+ . ;flxTosf] ?rL ;+hLjgLdf k'/f u/]]+ . ljBfnon] k|sfzg ug{] leQ] klqsfdf d]/f /rgf k|sfzg x'g yfn] . dfwj ;/ x'g'x'GYof] pxfFn] d]/f] /rgfnfO{ k|fyldstf lbg' x'GYof] . Psk6s ag]kfdf ag]kf kf;f k'rMn] cfof]hgf u/]sf] sljtf k|ltof]lutfdf d t[lto ePsf] lyPF . åGånfO{ ;d]6]/ n]v]sf] sljtf eP/ k'/:s[t ePsf] /x]5 . ;flxTo n]vgnfO{ w]/} cufl8 a9fpg ;lsgF . d}n] n]Vg] u/]sf] 5' eg]/ d]/f s]lx 3lgi6x?nfO{ yfxf 5 . c?nfO{ hfgsf/L klg 5}g . ;fob jftfj/0f klg ldn]g xf]nf . n]Vg] xf] eg] ;lsGYof] . clxn] klg slxn]sfFlx efjgfx? cfpF5g\ . lt efjgfx?nfO{ uhnsf ?kdf n]v]/ ;+u|lxt u/]sf] 5' . lgoldt 5}g . hlta]nf efjgfTds ?kdf lbdfudf cfPsf a]nf n]Vof] eg] ;DemG5 gq lj;{bf] /x]5 . sfddf Ao:t x'Fbf, ofqfdf lg:sFbf ;DemG5' . ha km';{b\ x'G5 n]Vg a:5' ;Demg ;lsb}g . n]Vg] s'/f ;xh 5}g . sl7g 5 . w'lnv]ndf cln km/s cg'ej eof] . lhNnfs} gd'gf ljBfnosf ?kdf lnO{GYof] ;~hLjgLnfO{ . w]/} If]qsf ljBfyL{x? cfpg], 7'nf] ljBfno, eAo sDkfp08, w]/} lzIfs lzlIfsf, /fd|f] jftfj/0f . km/s km/s kl/j]zaf6 cfPsf ;fyLx? 3'nldn x'g z'?df sl7g lyof] . l5§} 3lgi6 ePF . Tolta]nfsf ;fyLx? clxn];Dd klg 5g\ . Tof] cljZd/0fLo If0f lyof] . ;jf/L ;fwg sd rNy] . xfdL ;8s g} ;8s lx8]/ hfg] u/]sf lyof}+ . $) ldg]6 nfUbYof] . ±@ cWoog ubf{ ;d]t w]/} k6s d lx8]/} w'lnv]n uPF . cefj x'Fbf klg nfdf] xft ul/gF . d]/f] efO{n] sf7sf] ;Gb'snfO{ v'q's]sf ?kdf k|of]u u/]/ art ePsf] k};f hDdf u/]sf] lyof] . Pslbg dnfO{ 3/df a;]sf] a]nf Tof] k};f x]g{ pT;'stf hfUof] . PSn} lyPF . prfn]/ x]bf{ w]/} k};f ePsf] cg'ej lyof] . tfNrf nufPsf] lyof] ;fFrf] lyPg . tfNrf nufPsf] sAhf pSsfpg ;lsg] cj:yf /x]5 . xDa/ NofP/ lsnf 7f]s]/ To;nfO{ vf]n]+ . k};f x]/]+ . 6Gg} /x]5 . h:tfsf] t:t} agfpg vf]h]sf] sAhf efFlrof] . efO{nfO{ d}n] k};f lgsfn]+ eGg] nfUof] . p w]/} /f]of] . dnfO{ k};f rflxPsf] lyPg . t/ p;sf] dgdf Tof] k¥of] . a'af cfdfn] klg ;Demfpg' eof] . ;fyLx?nfO{ c08f rf]g{] sfddf ;fy lbg] afx]s c? sfddf d]/f] ;xeflutf /x]g . @)%% ;fndf P;n;L lbPF . Ps vfnsf] 8/ lyof] . ljBfnodf, 3/df / ;dfhdf klg P;Pn;L eg]kl5 bafa w]/} x'GYof] . ljxfg # ah] p7]/ k9\g] u/]sf] lyPF . ljBfnodf dWod txsf] ljBfyL{ lyPF . 6]i6 b]lv g} d]xgt w]/} u/]sfn] d}n] P;Pn;Ldf k|yd >]0fL NofPF . !$ hgf ljBfyL{x?n] 6]i6df k|yd l8lehg NofPsf lyof}+ . k|];/ lnP/} cWoog u/]sfn] d]/f] k|yd l8lehg cfof] . a'af cfdfsf] OHht klg lyof] . ufpFe/L xNnf km}nGYof] . ;~hLjgLsf] :j0f{ dxf]T;j lyof] . /fhf jL/]Gb| ;jf/L x'g] s'/f lyof] . k|yd l8lehg Nofpg]x?nfO{ /fhfsf] xftaf6} uf]N8 d]8n pknAw u/fpg] eGg] lyof] . /fhf jL/]Gb| cfpg' eof] . uf]N8 d]8n klg kfof}+ . t/ xfdLnfO{ uf]N8 d]8n tTsflng lzIff dGqL lbn]Gb| a9'n] lbg'eof] . P;Pn;Lsf] kl/0ffd yfxf kfpg] Pp6} dfWod uf]/vfkq dfq} lyof] . ljxfg l/hN6 cfPsf] s'/f /]l8of]df ;'lgof] . klqsf k;ndf ljxfg} b]lv nfO{g nfu]/ a:of}+ . w]/} le8 lyof] . lbpF;f] # ah] dfq} Tof] klqsf x]g{] cj;/ kfPF . z'?d} k|yd l8lehgdf x]/]+ . km]nf kf/]+ . Tof] uf]/vfkq clxn] klg d}n] ;'/lIft /fv]sf] 5' . cfkm\gf] l;Daf]n gDj/ cfPsf] klqsf ax'd'No lyof] . clxn] klg 5 . To;sf/0f klg ;'/lIft /fv]sf] 5' .

P;Pn;L lbP/ a;]sf] ;dodf st} ljBfnodf sfd ug{ ;lsG5 ls eg]/ k|of; u/]+ t/ ;Dej ePg . 3/d} PkmPd ;'g]/ latfPF . sDKo'6/ l;sfO{nfO{ yf]/} ;do Wofg lbPF . l;sfO{ dxËf] lyof] . kl/jf/nfO{ af]em kf/]/ s]lx ulb{g eGg] ;f]rn] 3/ kl/jf/df s]lx elggF . P;P;n;L l/hN6 cfO{ ;s]kl5 klg Tolx ljBfnodf cWoog ug{] lg0f{o u/]+ . P;Pn;L lbg' cl3 xfdL aLr s]lx ;kgfx? a'lgGy] . rfx]/ klg Tof] k'/f ug{ xfdLn] ;Sg] cj:yf lyPg . dnfO{ lj1fg cWoog ug{ dg lyof] t/ 3/sf] cfly{s cj:yfsf sf/0f Tof] s'/f eGg klg ;lsg . ljBfnon] dnfO{ P;Pn;L kl5sf] ±@ cWoog ug{ 5fqj[lQsf nflu cg'/f]w u/]+ . k|yd l8lehg NofPsfn] dnfO{ Tof] s'/f ;xh eof] . Aoj:yfkg ljifo lnP/ d}n] ±@ cWoogsf nflu egf{ u/]+ .

8fo/L dgsf] df]tL/fd ltdlN;gf ha sfe|] SofDk;df cWoog ug{ yfn]+ ToxfF k|]d eof] . crDdsf] sxfgL eof] . xfdL ljxfg cWoog ub{Yof}+ . plgx? lbp;f] cWoog ub{y] . ljxfg xfdL a:g] a]~r / plgx? lbpF;f] a:g] a]~r Pp6} lyof] . xfdL ljxfg a]~rdf s] s] n]v]/ 5f8\Yof}+ plgx? To;sf] hjfkm lbGy] . xfdL klg # hgf plgx? klg tLg hgf . gfdsf] cIf/x? n]lvof] . xfO{ x]Nnf] klg a]~raf6} eof] . kl5 df]jfO{ndf s'/f x'g yfNof] . lj:tf/} xfd|f] k|]d ;DjGw a9\of] .

P;Pn;L plQ0f{ kl5M ljxfg sn]h hfg] / lbpF;f] s]lx ;do vfnL a;]+ . cfly{s cj:yfsf sf/0f klg s]lx sfd ug{] p2]Zon] d'dfn] ag]kfaf6 rsn]6 lnP/ hfg' x'GYof] . rsn]6 kf]sf] kf/]/ cfDbfgL x'g] u/]sfn] d}n] ;xof]u ug{] u/]sf] lyPF . d'dfn] pgsf] 8Nnf agfpFb} nfIfL agfpg] sfddf klg ;xof]u u/]+ . ±@ cWoog ul//xFbf klg rsn]6 kf]sf] kfg{] sfd u/]+ . afFsL /x]sf] ;do PkmPd ;'g]/ latfpg] u/]sf] lyPF . ljxfgsf] sn]h ePsfn] lbpF;f]sf] ;do km';{b\ x'GYof] . ljBfnosf] h:tf] ;fyLx?sf] ;d'x klg lyPg . PSnf] h:tf] cg'e"lt eof] . cfly{s ?kdf klg s]lGb|t ePF . a'af 3/ agfpg] sfd ug{' x'GYof] . 7]Ssf klg lng' x'GYof] . efO{ alxgLsf] vr{ klg al9/x]sf] lyof] . ljBfnodf cWofkg u/fpg] cj;/ klg kfO{gF . d a'af;Fu lbpF;f] sfddf hfg yfn]+ . a'af;Fu sfddf hfFbf b}lgs # ;o cfpg yfNof] . zfl//Ls ?kdf dhb'/L ug{ yfn]+ . dnfO{ HofdLsf ?kdf lnO{GYof] . dfgl;s ?kdf / zfl//Ls ?kdf x'g] >d km/s vfnsf] /x]5 . 3/df To;} a:bf sl7g klg x'g] /x]5 . dlxgfsf] @% lbg;Dd sfddf hfg yfn]+ . dlxgfsf] *÷( xhf/ ?k}ofF sdfpg yfn]sf] lyPF . a'afn] ;xof]u ug{'eof] . 8]9 jif{ HofdL eP/ sfd u/]+ . efO{ alxgLnfO{ cWofkg u/fpg / 3/ Aojxf/ x]g{ ;xh eof] . d'dfnfO{ c? sfddf nfUg lbO{Pg . sfd ul//x]sf] lyPF Ps lbg k|sfz e't{]n ;/;Fu e]6 eof] . pxfF >Lv08k'/df /x]sf] uf]N8]g l;4fy{df sfd ug{' x'Fbf] /x]5 . pxfFn] dnfO{ pxfFsf] :yfgdf k9fpg cg'/f]w ug{' eof] . pxfF ToxfF 5f8]/ cGoq hfg vf]Hg' ePsf] /x]5 . To; :yfgdf dnfO{ /fVg] k|:tfj d}n] l:jsf/]+ . k};fsf] lx;fan] Tof] c;fWo} sd lyof] . ( xhf/ ?k}ofF sdfpg] d !@ ;odf ylGsPF . d}n] k};f x]l/gF . k]zf kl/jt{g ug{] k|of; dfq} u/]+ . ToxfF s]lx ;do sfd ul//xFbf d]/f] tna ! xhf/ * ;o k'Uof] . Tolta]nf d}n] ufpFdf z'?jft ePsf] a'8f]n ;fd'bflos ;fsf];df :jo+;]jf ul//x]sf] lyPF . d ;b:osf ?kdf klg cfa4 ePsf] lyPF . To;n] dnfO{ ;fdflhs ?kdf sfo{ ug{] cj;/ klg k|bfg u/]sf] lyP . ;xsf/Ldf cfa4M ±@ cWoog ubf{ ub{} d}n] HofdL sfd z'? u/]+ . HofdL sfd u/];Fu} lzIfs ePF . ±@ ;s] ;Fu} d}n] sfe|] ax'd'vL SofDk;df egf{ ePF . Aofrn/ txsf] cWoogsf nflu egf{ eP ;Fu} sfdsf] :j?k ablnPsf] lyof] . sfd ;fgf] 7'nf] h] eP klg ;dfhn] x]g{] b[li6sf]0f km/s lyof] . P;Pn;Ldf k|yd >]0fLdf plQ0f{ ePsf] ljBfyL{ ±@ ;Dd cWoog ul//xFbf HofdL sfd u5{ < To:tf s'/fx? klg ;dfhdf x'g] u/]sf lyP . ;xsf/Ldf d}n] :j+o;]jfsf ?kdf lx;fa lstfa x]l//x]sf] lyPF . ;xsf/Ln] Pshgf dfG5] dfUg] lg0f{o u¥of] . d lzIf0f k]zfdf /dfpg ;s]sf] lyO{gF . lzIf0f k]zf 5f8]/ d ;xsf/Ltkm{ cfpg] lg0f{o u/]+ . ! xhf/ * ;osf] tna 5f8]/ d km]/L Ps xhf/sf] hflu/ vfg ;xsf/Ldf cfPF . a'8f]n ;fd'bflosdf @)%* ;fn k'if b]lv lgo'lQm eP/ sfd ug{ yfn]+ . Tof] d]/f] hLjgsf] dxTjk"0f{ lg0f{o lyof] . ;xsf/Ldf hflu/ vfg' cl3 g} d}n] :jo+;]jfsf ?kdf sfd ul/;s]sf] lyPF . Tolt a]nf dnfO{ %) ?k}ofF lbg] u/]sf] lyof] . :jod\;]jf ul//xFbf dnfO{ xKtfsf] Pslbg sfd ug{] u/L %) ?k}of lbg yflnPsf] lyof] . eQm]Zj/ ljBfnosf] k'/fgf] ejgdf sfof{no /fVg] tof/L eof] . Tof] 3/ lh0f{ lyof] . s]lx ;do ToxfF sfof{no /flvof] . s}nfz s];L ;/sf] 3/df sfof{no ef8fdf lnof}+ . Pp6f b/fh, s';L{ / 6]a'n /fv]/ sfof{no z'? eof] . cWoIf /fdx/L s];Lsf] 3/df b/fh /fv]/ sfof{no z'?

ePsf] lyof] . sf/f]jf/ yf]/} lyof] . ;b:o yf]/} lyP . sfdsf] rfk klg yf]/} lyof] . ;b:o a[l4 x'Fb} uP . sf/f]jf/ a9\b} uof] . C0f sf/f]jf/ x'g yfNof] . PSn} sd{rf/L ePsfn] ;/;kmfO{ b]lv lrof ksfP/ v'jfpg] b]lv efF8f dfem\g] sfd ;a} cfkm}n] ug{] u/]sf] lyPF .

Tof] sfof{nosf] k|d'v / sfof{no ;xof]uL klg d g} lyPF . /dfO{nf] s] lyof] eg] d cfkm\g} ;d'bfodf lyPF . s;}n] glrg]sf] cj:yfdf dnfO{ lrgfpg] cj;/ ldn]sf] lyof] . d v'zL lyPF . tna eGbf klg dnfO{ ;Gt'i6 lyof] . Tolx ;Gt'li6n] dnfO{ cufl8 a9fpFb} nUof] . lj:tf/} sd{rf/L yk x'Fb} uP . clxn] xfdL $! hgfsf] kl/jf/ 5f}+ . w]/} ef]ufO{ / l;sfO{ eP . ljz]ifu/L of] cj:yfdf cfO{k'Ug / lg/Gt/ttfsf nflu cWoIf /fdx/L s];Lsf] xft 5 . pxfFn] lbg' ePsf] ;'zf;g, kf/blz{tf, O{dfGbf/Ltf, d]xgt k|d'v s'/f xf] . pxfFn] hlxNo} Tolx s'/fsf] ;Gb]z lbg' x'G5 . h'g cfh;Dd klg pkof]uL ag]sf] 5 . d pxfFs} pT;fx, k|]/0ffn] lg/Gt/ Pp6} ;+:yfdf sfd ul//x]sf] 5' . cj;/ gcfPsf xf]O{gg\ t/ klg d}n] d]/f] hunfO{ x]/]/ lg0f{o lnO{/x]+ . w/ftn lj;{g vf]lhgF . ;d'bfo / ;dfhs} nflu s]lx ug{' k5{ eGg] pb]Zon] lg/Gt/ sfd ul//x]+ .

C0f c;'n ug{] qmddf, art ;s+ng ug{] qmddf s]lx To:tf lttf ld7f cg'e'ltx? /x] . ;d'bfodf %) ?k}ofF dfl;s ;+sng ub{Yof}+ . ;d'x ;d'x u7g ePsf lyP . >Ldfgx? /S;L vfP/ cfpg] / wDsL lbg] sfdx? ;d]t x'Gy] . C0f nufgL u/]/ c;'nL ug{ g;Sbf k|s[of z'? ubf{ wlDs lbg] h:tf sfo{x? eP . Ps k6s sfof{nod} cfP/ Ps hgf C0fL ;b:on] dfbs kbfy{ ;]jg u/]/ xftkft ;d]t ug{'eof] . pxfFnfO{ sfg'gL sf/jfxL klg ul/of] . ;b:ox?sf] dfof / ljZjf; 5 . s]lx AolQmx?sf] ;f]r g} C0f lnP/ glt{g] eGg] x'g] /x]5 . ;xsf/Ldf ;a} vfnsf ;b:ox?sf nflu Pp6} gLlt 5 . gLltnfO{ kmnf] ubf{ ;a}nfO{ ;dfg x'G5 . AolQmsf] kb x]/]/, Hofg x]/]/ Aojxf/ ;xsf/Ldf x'Fb}g . To;n] klg AolQmx?nfO{ j]jf:tf u/]sf] xf] ls < eGg] kbf{] /x]5 . xfdL To;nfO{ eGbf klg ;+:yfsf] gLltnfO{ k5\ofpF5f}+ . ;+:yfsf] lgodnfO{ 6]s]/ cufl8 a9]sf 5f}+ . h;sf sf/0f cfh;Dd xfdLn] ;+:yfnfO{ km/s vfnsf] :yfgdf k'¥ofpg ;kmn ePsf 5f}+ . sd{rf/Lsf] ;]jf ;'ljwf ;/sf/L ;/x 5 . ;b:ox?sf nflu klg ;xsf/Ln] lbg ;lsg] ;]jf / ;'ljwf 5 . d x/]s s'/fn] ;Gt'i6 5' . ;xsf/Lsf cnfjf d}n] s]lx Aoj;fo z'? u/]+ . kf]N6«L Aoj;fo z'? u/]+ t/ ;kmn x'g ;lsgF . lsG8/ uf6{]gdf klg s]lx nufgL u/]sf]] 5' . OGe]i6d]G6 sDkgLdf klg cfa4 5' . /fHonfO{ s]lx of]ubfg k'¥ofpg ;lsG5 ls eGg] p2]Zon] klg sfd ul/Psf] 5 . k|]d / ljjfxM ljBfno hLjgdf k|]d ug{] cj:yf lyPg . Tof] ;do klg lyPg . ±@ cWoog ubf{ klg ePg . ha sfe|] SofDk;df cWoog ug{ yfn]+ ToxfF k|]d eof] . crDdsf] sxfgL eof] . xfdL ljxfg cWoog ub{Yof}+ . plgx? lbp;f] cWoog ub{y] . ljxfg xfdL a:g] a]~r / plgx? lbp;Ff] a:g] a]~r Pp6} lyof] . xfdL ljxfg a]~rdf s] s] n]v]/ 5f8\Yof}+ plgx?

To;sf] hjfkm lbGy] . xfdL klg # hgf plgx? klg tLg hgf . gfdsf] cIf/x? n]lvof] . xfO{ x]Nnf] klg a]~raf6} eof] . kl5 df]jfO{ndf s'/f x'g yfNof] . lj:tf/} xfd|f] k|]d ;DjGw a9\of] . clxn] h:tf] lx88'n lyPg . s]lx ;do k|]d rNof] . pgn] klg SofDk; cWoog ug{ yflng\ . xfd|f] ;DjGw cGt{hftLo lyof] . @)^^ ;fndf k|]d ljjfx u¥of}+ . d]/f] kl/jf/ ;a} slGe; eof] pgsf] kl/jf/ slGe; ePg . pgL g]jf/ ;d'bfosf] d If]qL . dlGb/df uP/ efu]/ ljjfx u¥of}+ . b'a} kIfaf6 kl5 :jLsf/ ePsf] 5 . ;DjGw c;fWo} /fd|f] 5 . slxn]sflFx ;fdfGo ljjfb x'g' :jefljs xf] . s]lx s'/f lrQ a'em]g eg] d af]lNbg kl5 l7s x'G5 . xfdLaf6 @ ;Gtfgsf] hGd ePsf] 5 . !) jif{ / @ jif{sf] 5f]/f 5g\ . >LdtL ls08/ sf6{gsf] lzIfs x'g\ . kl/jf/ v'zL 5 . ;Gt'i6 5f}+ xfdL . hLjgM O{Zj/Lo a/bfg . k|]dM cxf]efUo . ljjfxM lgoldt k|s[of . zfl//Ls ;DaGwM k|fs[lts cfjZostf . cGTodfM lxDdt xfg{' x'Fb}g . ;+3if{ lg/Gt/ ug{'k5{ . ;kmntf cjZo ldNg]5 . k|fO{d PkmPd !)$=% d]ufxh{sf] ljxfgL lrGtg sfo{qmd cGtu{t zlgjf/sf] lbg ul/Psf] JolQmsf] JolQmut hLjgsf ef]ufO{ af/]sf] s'/fsfgLsf] ;f/f+z . k|ltlqmofsf] nflu M motiramtimalsina@gmail.com

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cRo'td kmfd{];L, w'lnv]n xl:k6n rf]s · Aoj;flos Ao:ttf slQsf] 5 < Joj;fo xf] Ao:t klg x'G5 g} . geP klg kmfd]{;Ldf a:g' k¥of]{ p;} klg Ao:t x'G5 . · cf}iflw k;n eg]kl5 :jf:y eGbf klg Jofkf/ Hofbf x]l/G5 eGg] a'emfO 5 lg lsg xf]nf < x/]s k]zf Aoj;fosf] cfˆg} Aoj;flos dof{bf x'G5 . xfdLn] dof{bfnfO{ e'Ng' x'b}g . o;df ;]jfu|fxL cyf{t la/fdLsf] :jf:Yo 7"nf] s'/f /xG5 t/ cfhef]ln dflg;n] k]zfut wd{ la;]{sf] kfOPsf] 5 t/ ;a}n] To;f] u/]sf 5}gg\ . · la/fdLx? 8S6/;Fu ge]6L l;w} cf}iflw k;nsf] e/ kg{'nfO{ s;/L a'‰g] < of] xfd|f] b]zsf] ef}uf]lns cj:yf / kof{Kt :jf:Yo ;+:yf gx'g' klg xf] . ;fdfGo cj:yfdf cf}iflw k;n pQd klg xf] .

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· To;f] t lagf kmdf{l;:6 rn]sf kmfd]{;L plQs} 5g\ eg] ;fdfGo cj:yfdf PlG6afof]l6s lbg] cf}ifwL k;n] plQs} 5g, o;n] dflg;sf] :jf:Yodf elaiodf ;d:of cfpF5 eG5g\ lg 8S6/x? < of] ;d:of 5 . x'g t ;/sf/n] cf}iflw k;n ;+rfngsf nflu cg'dlt lbFbf kmdf{l;:6 clgjfo{ 5 . lagf kl/If0f PlG6afof]l6s k|of]u ug{' unt xf] . o:tf s'/fdf cf}iflw lbg] / lng] b'a} ;r]t x'g h?/L 5 . · cf}iflw Aoj;fosf nflu ;/sf/sf] dfkb08 5 km]l/ lsg Tof] k"/f ub}{gg\ Aoj;foLx? < ;/sf/sf] dfkb08 5 / xfdL Aoj;foL klg dfkb08df /xg' g} k5{ t/ ;/sf/sf] cg'udg gx'g' / xfdL Aoj;foLn] klg Aoj;flos dof{bf sfod ug{' h?/L 5 . · ;x/s} k;nx? t la/fdLnfO{ unt k|of]u ug{ vf]H5g\ b'/ b/fhsf] xfnt s:tf] xf]nf < o;df ufpFdf eGbf ljs[lt Hofbf ;x/d} 5 . ;x/df Aoj;foL klg a9L 5g\ . t/ ufpF ufpFdf x'g] Aoj;fo eGbf klg ;fdfGo ;]jf x'g] u5{ t/ To;nfO klg Aojl:yt ug{ h?/L 5 .

· g]kfndf t cf}iflwsf] kl/If0f u5{g /] lg < ;'/lIft cf}iflw k|of]u s;/L ug]{ < g]kfndf eGbf klg xfd|f h:tf w]/} b]zdf o:tf] ;d:of 5 . kl5Nnf] ;do klg o:tf] ;dfrf/ xfdLn] ;'g]s} xf] . g]kfndf of] ;a x]g]{ DDA gfd u/]sf] 5'§} lgsfo 5 . p;}n] lsGg] b]lv gofF nfO;]G; ;Dd lbg] sfd u5{ . afFsL /Xof] xfdL s;/L ;'/lIft cf}iflw k|of]u ug]{ eGg] s'/f :jf:Yo ;r]tgf sfo{qmd clns Jofks ug{ h?/L 5 . · s] s:tf] cj:yfdf dflg;n] 3/]n' pkrf/ k|of; ug{' pQd x'G5 < Pnf]k]lys / cfo'a]{lbs pkrf/ s'g pko'Qm xf] < clxn]sf] ;dodf 3/]n' pkrf/df e/ kg{' unt x'g ;S5 . 3/]n' pkrf/df e/ kbf{ b]lvPsf] /f]u hl6n aGg ;S5 . /f]usf] k|s[lt x]/]/ pkrf/df cf}iflwsf] k|of]u x'G5 . To;}n] cfo'a]lb{s ls Pnf]k]lys eGg] eGbf klg ;d:of s] xf] eGg] d'Vo s'/f xf] . · g]kfnLn] :j:y hLjgsf nflu cf/fd / Aofofd / ef]hgdf lsg Wofg lbb}gg\ < :j:y hLjgsf nflu ;]S; slQsf] cfjZos 5 < cfhef]lnsf dfG5]x?sf] b}lgsL Jo:t ;fy;fy} c:tJo:t klg 5 . :j:y hLjgsf nflu :j:y / Aojl:yt vfgkfg clg k|ofKt cf/fd x'g h?/L 5 t/ xfdLn] To;/L Aojl:yt ug{ ;s]sf 5}gg\ . ;fy} :j:y hLjgsf nflu ;]S; dxTjk"0f{ kf6f] xf] / of] k|fs[lts s'/f xf] . · cGTodf============ cGtdf klqsf kl/jf/nfO{ wGoafb . ;fy} ;Ifd aGgnfO{ lzIffsf] h?/t /xG5 / lzIffdf k|fljlws lzIff lng ;s] dflg;n] a]/f]huf/ /xg'kb}{g eGb} :j:y hLjgsf nflu vfgkfg / Aofofddf Wofg lbg ;a}nfO{ cfu|x ub{5' .

;efd'v / ;f+;b\x?n] eg] k|b]zsf] /fhwfgL w'lnv]ndf pko'Qm w'lnv]n÷k|b]z ;ef a}7s clglZrtsfn;Dd a:g g;Sbf k|b]z gDj/ # sf ;b:ox?n] cGt{lqmof a}7sd} ws km'sfP/ ;+;bdf p7fpg] ljifo ;efd'v ;fg's'df/ >]i7 ;dIf /fv]sf 5g\ . ;efd'v >]i7n] ;d]t w'lnv]n k|b]z gDj/ # sf] pko'Qm / cfs{ifs :yfg ePsf] eGb} a}7sdf af]Ng g;lsPsf ljifox? k|:t't u/]sf] atfpg' eof] . k|b]z gDj/ # sf] /fhwfgL sfe|]sf] w'lnv]nnfO{ k|:tfj ub{} sfe|]af6 lgjf{lrt k|b]z ;ef ;b:ox? rGb| nfdf, /Tg 9sfn, a;'Gw/f x'dfufO{, nId0f nD;fn, uf]df e't{]n nufotn] k|:tfj btf{ u/fpg' ePsf] lyof] . ;f]lx k|:tfjsf cfwf/df u7g ePsf] sfo{bnsf] ;'emfjdf klg sfe|]sf] w'lnv]n /fhwfgLsf nflu pko'Qm lhNnf ePsf] k|ltj]bg a'emfPsf] 5 . d'VodGqL 8f]/d0fL kf}8\ofnsf] bafasf sf/0f /f]lsPsf] /fhwfgL tf]Sg] k|:tfj ;+;b\df ;efd'vn] k|:t't ug{ ;ls/xg' ePsf] 5}g . n}lËs lx+;f lj?4sf] !^ lbg] cleofgsf] ;dfkgsf qmddf ;fdflhs ljsf; dGqfnon] w'lnv]ndf cfof]hgf u/]sf] cGt{lqmof sfo{qmddf af]Nb} ;efd'v ;fg's'df/ >]i7n] efjgfTds / Aojxfl/s sl7gfO{sf af/]df lwt dg{] u/L dGtAo /fVg' eof] . …olt ;'Gb/ / /d0fLo :yfg /x]5

w'lnv]n, cem of] ;'Gb/ xn / oxfFsf] jftfj/0fÚ–;efd'v >]i7n] eGg'eof]–…;efd'v ePsfn] To;} xn x]g{ dfq} cfpg klg gldNg] cfh of] cj;/ h'/fO{ lbg' ePsf]df ;fdflhs ljsf; dGqfnonfO{ wGojfb .Ú ;f+;bx?n] tTsfn} ;efd'v >]i7nfO{ hjfkm lbg'eof] ca af]nfpg] a}7sdf /fhwfgL w'lnv]n /fVg] ljifo 6'lËG5 t < nlntk'/af6 lgjf{lrt ;f+;b\ /fhsfhL dx{hgn] x]6f}8fdf ;+;b rNbf ;d]t ;+;bdf 6]a'n 7f]Sg gkfPsf] eGb} w' l nv] n df Tof] cj;/df kfPsf] d f wGojfb AoQm ug{'eof] . …slDtdf 6]a'n t 7f]Sg kfof}+, ptf t 6]a'n klg 5}gÚ–;f+;b /fhsfhL dxh{gn] atfpg' eof] . ;efd'v >]i7n] sfo{kflnsfsf] sfd Aoj:yflksfn] ug{ ldNb} g eg] / ;f;+bx?n] dGqL PSn}n] k};f afF8]sf] eGb} #÷# s/f]8 /sd dfu]sf] atfpg' eof] . t/ ;dfg'kflts ;f+;bx?n] pQ /sd ljt/0f ubf{ cfkm\gf] e"ldsf gePsf]df b'v];f] AoQm u/] . pQm /sd k"jf{wf/ afx]s cGoq vr{ ug{ gkfPsf]df dlxnf ;f+;bx?n] lx+;f ePsf] u'gf;f] /fv] . ;efd'v >]i7n] ;f+;bn] u'gf;f] ug{] geO{ sfg"g agfP/ sfof{Gjog ug{] atfpg' eof] . ;f+;bx?n] ;+;b a}7s clglZrt ePsfn] a}7sdf

ag]kf÷dlxnf lx+;f lj?4 !^ lbj;Lo cleofg cGtu{t dlxnf lx+;f /f]syfd ;DaGwL k|x/Lsf] e'ldsf af/] sfe|] ax'd'vL SofDk;sf ljBfyL{x?nfO{ k|lzIf0f lbO{Psf] 5 .

PDg]i6L OG6/g]zgn g]kfn ;d'x $#, ag]kf / ag]kf o'y g]6js{,ag]kfsf] ;+o'Qm cfof]hgfdf ag]kf gu/ kflnsf j8f g+= ^ a'8f]n l:yt sfe|] ax'd'vL SofDk;df ;d'xsf ;+of]hs /fhg efn'sf] cWoIftfdf SofDk;sf SofDk; k|d'v s]=lh=a}bf/sf] k|d'v cfltYotdf pQm sfo{qmd ;DkGg ePsf] xf] . lhNnf k|x/L sfof{no cGtu{t dlxnf, afnaflnsf tyf h]i7 gful/s ;]jf s]G›sf k|x/L gfoa lg/LIfs ;Ltf >]i7 / clwaQmf s[i0fKof/L gsdL{ lalzi7 cltly /x]sf] sfo{qmd ;+rfng ag]kf o'y g]6js{ ag]kfsf ;rLj ;f}/a 9sfn / ag]kf o'y

g]6js{ ;+of]hs ;'hn dfgGw/n] :jfut dGtJo /fVg' ePsf] lyof] . sfo{ q mddf k| d ' v cltly s]=lh=a}bf/n] PDg]li6sf] k|tLs d}gaQL k|Hhjng ul/ sfo{qmdsf] p¢f6g ug{' ePsf] lyof] . PDg]li6n] g]kfndf dfgjclwsf/ n}Ëls lx+;f, d[To' b08 lj?4 / lab]zdf eO{ /x]sf] dfgjclwsf/ pNn+3g af/] PDg]li6sf] e'ldsfaf/] k|i6 kfg{' ePsf] lyof] . k|x/L gfoa lg/LIfs l;tf >]i7n] g]kfndf eO{ /x]sf] dlxnf lx+;f s] s;/L x'G5 < To;nfO{ s;/L /f]syfd ug]{ g]kfn k|x/Ln] To:tf] 36gfnfO{ s;/L lg?T;flxt ug]{ eGg] af/] hfgsf/L u/fpg' eof] . clwaQmf s[i0f Kof/L gsdL{n] ljBdfg ;+ljwfgdf ePsf] sfg'gL Joj:yf / s}baf/] hfgsf/L lbg'eof] . sfo{qmddf cWoIf /fhg efn'n] ;xefuLx?nfO{ wGojfb lbg' ePsf] lyof] .

k~rlzn artsf] % cf+} ;ef

gfnf, ag]kf÷k+rlzn art tyf C0f ;xsf/L ;+:yf lnld6]8 ag]kf gu/kflnsf j8f gDj/ $ z]/f sfe|]sf] kfFrf} aflif{s ;fwf/0f ;ef ag]kf gu/kflnsfsf pkk|d'v /]vf ;fksf]6f bfxfnsf] k|d'v cfltYotfdf ;DkGg ePsf] 5 . sfo{qmddf af]Nb} gu/ pkk|d'v /]vf ;fksf]6f bfxfnn] gu/af;Lx?sf] cfo–cfh{g a[l4sf nflu ljlgof]hg ePsf ah]6 tyf sfo{qmdx?sf] ;lx ;b'kof]u ug{'kg{] atfpg' eof] . sfo{qmddf af]Nb} pxfFn] gu/ leq ;+rfng ul/Psf y'k|} sfo{qmdx? gu/jf;Lx?sf nflu pknAwL d'ns x'g atfpg' eof] . ;xsf/Ln] z]o/ ;b:ox?sf] cfly{s ;d[l4sf nflu art tyf C0f nufgL ul//x]sfn] cfTdlge{/ agfpg ;xof]u k'¥ofpg] atfpg' eof] . gu/kflnsfn] dlxnf lx+;f lj?4sf] cleofg ;+rfng u/L Goflos ;ldlt dfkm{t Gofosf] cfzf hufPsf] atfpg' eof] . j8f cWoIf s[i0fk|;fb bfxfnn] j8f / gu/ If]qdf ;xsf/Lx?n] k'¥ofPsf] of]ubfgsf] rrf{ ub{} ;fdflhs cleofgdf ;xsf/Lx?n] ;xofqf ug{'kg{] atfpg' eof] . j8f cWoIf Zofd;'Gb/ >]i7n] gu/kflnsfn] ljsf;sf] cleofg z'? u/]sf] ;xsf/Lx?

To;sf] ;fem]bf/L aGg'kg{] atfpg' eof] . sfo{qmddf g]kfn kqsf/ dxf;+3 sfe|] zfvfsf cWoIf df]t/fd ltdlN;gf, lhNnf ;xsf/L ;+3sf ;b:o /]zd g]kfnL, ;+:yfsf ;Nnfxsf/ an/fd ahufO{, ljleGg ;xsf/Lsf cWoIfx? tyf ljleGg If]qsf AolQmx?sf] ;xeflutf /x]sf] lyof] . sfo{qmddf ;+:yfsf ljleGg pTs[i6 AolQmx?nfO{ ljleGg ljBfdf ;Ddfg ul/Psf] lyof] . cWoIf ;Gtf]if ahufO{n] lbuf] ljsf; nIosf nflu ;xsf/Ln] ljleGg sfo{qmdx? ;+rfng u/L ;fdflhs pQ/bfloTj ;d]t k'/f u/]sf] atfpg' eof] . ;lrj lzj/fd l;Ub]nn] aflif{s k|ltj]bg, sfo{jfxs sf]iffWoIf ho/fd axfnf >]i7n] cfly{s k|ltj]bg / n]vf ;ldltsf ;+of]hs ho/fd bfxfnn] n]vf k|ltj]bg k|:t't ug{' ePsf] lyof] . ;f+:s[lts sfo{qmd ;d]t k|:t't ul/Psf] ;efdf ;+:yfn] cfly{s jif{sf] cGTodf @ xhf/ # ;o (* z]o/ ;b:oaf6 #( nfv &@ xhf/ z]o/ k'FhL ;+sng u/]sf] 5 . $ s/f]8 #( nfv ^) xhf/ ( ;o ^^ ?k}ofF lgIf]k ;+sng u/L $ s/f]8 & nfv $^ xhf/ # ;o ^% ?k}ofF nufgL u/]sf] 5 . ;+:yfn] * nfv $% xhf/ d'gfkmf u/]sf] Aoj:yfks ;Gtf]if bfxfnn] hfgsf/L lbg' eof] .

>L hgHof]lt dfWolds ljBfno t]dfn *, 3f]Hof{ª, sfe|] p7fpg' kg{] ljifo ;efd'v / dGqLs} ;fd'Gg] p7fPsf] atfpg' eof] . dGqL o'j/fh b'nfnn] ;+;bn] g} k"jf{wf/ lgdf{0fsf nflu kf; u/]sf] ah]6 cGoq vr{ ug{ g;lsg] atfpg' eof] .

‘xfdL lx+;fdf k¥of}+’–dlxnf ;f+;b

dlxnf ;f+;bx? ;/:jtL jf6L, /df cfn], ljhof s];L, ldgf 1jfnL, zflGt lyË, cfzfdfof tfdfª, OGb|dfof u'?Ë nufotn] k'jf{wf/ ljsf; sfo{qmd nufotsf ;/sf/sf lg0f{o / ;sf/df dlxnf dGqL ;d]t gePsf sf/0f lx+;f u/]sf] atfpg' eof] . dlxnf cfof]u u7g gx'g', dlxnf;Fu ;DjlGwt sfo{qmdx?

efjk"0f{ >4f~hnL hGd M !((%.(.*

dlxnf lx+ ; f lj?4sf] cleofgdf Pdg]i6Lsf] k|lzIf0f

:juf{/f]x0fM @)&^.*.!^

k|efjsf/L gx'g', sfg'g lgdf{0f u/]/ klg sfof{Gjog x'g g;Sg' h:tf y'k|} sf/0f dlxnf ;f;+bx? cfkm} ;/sf/af6 lx+;fdf k/]sf] atfpg' eof] . k'?if ;f+;bx? g/f]Qd a}Bn] k"jf{wf/ ljsf;sf] /sd afF8kmfF8sf af/]df ;efd'v / dGqLnfO{ hfgsf/L u/fpg' ePsf] lyof] . ;+;bdf p7fpg' kg{] clwsf+z ljifod n}lËs lx+;f lj?4sf] !^ lbg] cleofgdf cfof] l ht sfo{ q mddf ;f+;bx?n] p7fP kl5 ;efd'v ;fg's'df/ >]i7n] klg cfkm' klg ;+;b gaf]nfO{Psfn] ot} dg vf]n]/ af]Ng' k/]sf] atfpg' eof] . sfo{qmddf ;fdflhs ljsf; dGqfnosf ;lrj uf]s0f{d0fL b'jf8Ln] dGqfnosf sfo{qmd / ah]6sf af/]df hfgsf/L u/fpg' ePsf] lyof] .

lzIfs cfjZostf o; ljBfnodf l/Qm lgDg dfWolds txsf] /fxt cg'bfg sf]6fdf tkl;n adf]lhdsf] lzIfs kbk"lt{ ug{'kg{] ePsf]n] lzIff lgodfjnL @)%( -;+zf]wg_, / lzIfs ;]jf cfof]u lgodfjnL @)%& -;+zf]wg_ adf]lhd s/f/df lzIfs kbk"lt{ ug{ ;fj{hlgs ;"rgf dfkm{t ;DalGwt ;a}df ;"lrt ul/G5 . tkl;n != kb M l4tLo lzIfs ljifo M lj1fg / ul0ft lzIfs– !÷!

Go'gtd z}lIfs of]Uotf M ul0ft / lj1fg d"n ljifo lnO{ PdP:;L / PdP8 jf ;f] ;/x k/LIffsf] lsl;d M lnlvt / cGtjf{tf{ cfjZos sfuhftM g]kfnL gful/stfsf] k|ltlnlk, z}lIfs of]Uotfsf] k|df0fkqsf] k|ltlnlk cfj]bg ug{] cjlw M @)&^.*.@( ;Dd k/LIff cfj]bg b:t'/ M ?= !)).– -h'g;'s} a]nf kmf]gaf6 klg cfj]bg l6kfpg ;lsg]_ ;Dks{ ldlt M @)&^ d+;L/ #) ut] ;Dks{ M (*$!&(%*@! -k|c_

efjk"0f{ >4f~hnL hGd M @))# efb|

:juf{/f]x0fM @)&^ d+l;/ @)

:j= hutLdfof >]i7

:j= eQmnfn >]i7

o; eujtL art tyf C0f ;xsf/L ;+:yf ln= sf z'elrGts /fd >]i7, s[i0fuf]kfn >]i7 / ;+:yfsf ;lrj afnuf]kfn >]i7sf] ddtfdoL dftf hutLdfof >]i7sf] c;dflos lgwg ePsf]df efjk"0f{ >4f~hnL ck{0f ub{} zf]s;GtKt kl/jf/hgk|lt xflb{s ;dj]bgf JoQm ub{5f}+ .

o; kt+hnL of]u ;ldlt sfe|]sf ;b:o sfG5fs'df/ >]i7sf cfb/0fLo bfh' tyf dlxnf kt+hnL of]u ;ldlt sfe|]sf cWoIf c+hgf >]i7sf >4]o h]7fh' Pj+ of]u lzIfs eQmnfn >]i7sf] c;dflos lgwg ePsf]df efjk"0f{ >4f~hnL ck{0f ub{} zf]s;GtKt kl/jf/hgk|lt xflb{s ;dj]bgf JoQm ub{5f}+ .

>L eujtL art tyf C0f ;xsf/L ;+:yf ln= kl/jf/ ag]kf g=kf= $, pu|r08L, gfnf, sfe|]

u|f]a]g tf}hn], cWoIf ;l/tf zfSo, ;b:o kt+hnL of]u ;ldlt g]kfn k|b]z g+= # kt+hnL of]u ;ldlt g]kfn k|b]z g+= # bdgs'df/ >]i7, cWoIf kt+hnL of]u ;ldlt sfe|], ag]kf

/d]z >]i7, cWoIf o'jf g]kfn sfe|], ag]kf

cg' >]i7, pkfWoIf dlxnf kt+hnL of]u ;ldlt, sfe|] ag]kf

&%

r]i6f ;fKtflxs

jif{jif{@$@^c+c+ss!^& @)&$ @)&^ d+kmfu' l;/g @^ # ut]ut]ljxLjf/ ljxLjf/

cfefif ;fsf;] ;bj} cflys { cgz ' f;gdf 5 ;'af; a}B

w'lnv]n c:ktfnsf] @# cf}+ aflif{sf]T;j

k|d'v k|jGws

cfefif art tyf C0f ;xsf/L ;+:yf ln= ag]kf, sfe|] ¨:yfkgfsf] !) cf}+ jif{ ;Dd cfp“bf ;xsf/Lsf] cj:yf s:tf] /x]sf] 5 < cfefif art tyf C0f ;xsf/L ;+:yf btf{ ePsf] @)^$ kmfu'gdf xf] t/ ;+:yfn] cfk\mgf] sf/f]jf/ ;'?jft u/]sf] @)^^ d+l;/ dlxgfaf6 ePsf]n] sf/f]jf/sf] ;'?jftsf] lx;fan] ;+:yfn] Ps bzs kf/ ul/;s]sf] 5 . ;'?jftdf s]jn #^) hgf ;b:oaf6 ;'?jft ul/Psf] ;+:yf xfn cfP/ rf/ xhf/ eGbf al9 ;b:o cfa4 eO{ 7"nf] kl/jf/ eO;s]sf] 5 . ljut bz jif{df ;+:yfn] w]/} cf/f]x cj/f]xsf] ;fdgf ug'{ k¥of] t/ klg ;b:ox?sf] dfof, ;b\efj tyf ;fysf sf/0f cfhsf] lbg ;Dd cfO{k'Ubf ;+:yfn] /fd|f] sf/f]jf/ ug{ ;kmn ePsf] 5 . ;+:yfn] ;b:ox?af6 rfln; s/f]8 eGbf al9sf] art ;+sng ul/ ;}+tL; s/f]8 eGbf al9 C0f nufgL u/]sf] 5 . ;+:yfsf] s'n ;DklQ lbgfg'lbg a9\g] s|ddf 5 / xfn ;+:yfsf] s'n ;DklQ c7\rfln; s/f]8 eGbf al9 eO;]s]sf] 5 . xfdLn] lgod sfg'gsf] kfngf ul/ ;b:ox?nfO{ k"0f{ ?kdf ;'/Iffsf] k|Tofe'tL lbg] ul/ sf/f]jf/ ub}{ cfO/x]sf 5f}+ . xfd|f] ;+:yf cfly{s cg'zf;gdf k|lta4 5 . ;+:yf ;b:ox?nfO{ s]jn art tyf C0f sf/f]jfsf] ;]jf k|bfg ug]{ sfddf dfq l;ldt 5}g, ;+:yfn] ;b:ox?sf] lxtsf] nflu ;b:o ;'/Iff sfo{qmd, h]i7 ;b:o ;Ddfg sfo{qmd, afn ;b:ox?nfO{ z}lIfs ;fdfu|L ljt/0f sfo{qmd, pTs[i6 sf/f]jf/ ug]{ ;b:ox?nfO{ ;Ddfg sfo{qmd / ;b:ox?nfO{ lzk tyf cfod'ns tflndx? cfof]hgf ub}{ cfO/x]sf 5f}+ . ;+:yfn] ;b:odf dfq l;ldt geP/ ;fdflhs bfloTj cGtu{t ljleGg ;fdflhs sfo{qmdx? klg ub}{ cfO/x]sf] 5 . ¨cfefif ;xsf/Lsf] efjL of]hgfx? s]–s] /x]sf 5g\ < xfd|f] ;+:yfsf] d'n of]hgf eg]sf] ;b:otf tyf ;]jf lj:tf/ xf] . dlxnf ;d'x sfo{qmd dfkm{t dlxnfx?nfO{ al9 k|fyldstfdf /fvL ;b:otf lj:tf/sf] sfo{qmd cuf8L a9fO/x]sf 5f}+ . ;]jf lj:tf/sf] ;Gbe{df ;+:yfn] ut cfly{s jif{df b'O{ gu/kflnsfdf cfk\mgf] ;]jfs]Gb| lj:tf/ u/]sf] 5 . lhNnfdf /x]sf] !# :yfgLo tx dWo] ;+:yfn] % :yflgo txdf k|ToIf ?kdf ;]jf lj:tf/ ul/;s]sf] 5 eg] k/f]If ?kdf lhNnfsf] cGo :yflgo txdf klg ;]jf k|bfg ub}{ cfO/x]sf] 5 . efjL lbgx?df ;+:yfsf] Ifdtf tyf ;|f]t ;fwgsf] kof{Kttfsf] cfwf/df k|ToIf ?kdf ;]jfnfO{ lj:tf/ ug]{ of]hgf /x]sf] 5 . ¨;xsf/Lsf] 5f]/L cleofg eg]sf] s:tf] cleofg xf] < cleofg s] eO{/x]sf] 5< ;xsf/Lsf] ;ft l;4fGt dWo] Ps xf] æ;d'bfok|lt rf;f]Æ o;} l;4fGtnfO{ cfTd;fy ub}{ ;+o'Qm /fi6« ;+3n] lnPsf] lbuf] ljsf; nIonfO{ cfwf/ dfgL ælbuf] ljsf; nIo k|flKtsf nflu ;xsf/LÆ eGg] gf/fnfO{ ;fy{s agfpg] p2]Zon] lbuf] ljsf;sf] b'O{ nIo æ:jf:y / ;d'Ggt ;dfhÆ / æn}+lus ;dfgtfÆ xfl;n ug{sf] lgldQ cfefif ;fsf];sf] ;fgf] k|of; xf] 5f]/L cleofg . xfn ;Dd klg xfd|f] ;dfh 5f]/f / 5f]/Lsf] lje]bdf clNemP/ a;]sf] 5 . cem} klg 5f]/LnfO{ x]nfsf] b[li6sf]0fn] x]g]{ ul/Psf] 5 . 5f]/f j/bfg / 5f]/LnfO{ cle;fksf] ?kdf x]g{] ul/Psf] 5 . lj1fgn] k|ult u/] ;+u} o;sf] b'?kfof]u klg al9/x]sf] 5, u}/sfg'gL tl/sfn] ue{df /x]sf] aRrfsf] ln+u kQf nufpg] / olb 5f]/L ePdf e|'0f xTof ug]{ h:tf] ck/fw ug]{ k|a[lQ a9\b} uO/x]sf] 5 . ;dfhdf /x]sf] o; k|sf/sf] s'l/tLx?nfO{ lrg{ Û k|hgg\ :jf:ysf] lzIff tyf hgr]tgfsf] sdLsf sf/0f w/} cfdf tyf lzz'x?n] Hofg u'dfO/x]sf 5g\, t;y{ dft[ d[To'b/ tyf lzz' d[To'b/ sd ug{ dflg;x?df k|;j c:ktfndf u/fpg' k5{ eGg] efjgfnfO{ hfu[t ug{ Û lzz'x?df olb 5f]/L ePdf e'|0fxTof ug]{ k|a[lQnfO{ lg?T;flxt ug{ Û 5f]/LnfO{ x]nfsf] b[li6sf]0fn] x]l/G5, ;f] b[li6sf]0fnfO{ kl/jt{g ug{ Û 5f]/f / 5f]/L b'j} a/bfg xf] / b'j} ;dfg xf] eGg] efjgf hfu[t ug{ ;+:yfn] 5f]/L cleofgsf] ;'?jft u/]sf] xf] . o; cleofg cGtu{t ;+:yfn] ag]kf g=kf= df /x]sf] lz/ d]df]l/on c:ktfndf k|To]s gjjif{df hGdg] klxnf] Pshgf / k|To]s jif{ d+l;/ !$ ut] ;+:yfsf] jflif{s pT;jsf] lbg hGdg] klxnf] Pshgf 5f]/LnfO{ ;+:yfsf] tk{maf6 :jfut tyf z'esfdgfsf ;fy ? !),)))÷– cIf?kL bz xhf/ ?k}ofF dfq_ k|f]T;fxg /sdsf ;fy ;Ddfg ub}{ cfO/x]sf 5f}+ / ;fy;fy} ;f] b'O{ lbg c:ktfndf pkl:yt ePsf JolQmx?nfO{ o; cleofgsf] af/]df hfgsf/L k|bfg u/L hgr]tgf hufpg] sfo{qmd klg ul//x]sf 5f}+ . xfdLn] of] cleofg @)&$ a}zfvaf6 ;'?jft u/]sf xf}+ / cfhsf] lbg ;Dddf ^ hgf 5f]/Lx?nfO{ ;Ddfg ul/;s]sf 5f}+ . ¨;xsf/L P]g @)&$ n] cfefif ;fsf];nfO{ s:tf] c;/ jf kmfO{bf k'u]sf] 5 < ;xsf/LnfO{ nufgL d}qL agfpg s:tf] P]g cfpg' k5{ < ;xsf/L P]g @)&$ tyf lgodfjnL @)&% n] cfefif ;fsf];nfO{dfq geO{ lgod sfg'gdf rNg] k|To]s ;xsf/Lsf] nflu Pp6f /fd|f] dfu{bz{g k|bfg u/]sf] 5 . ;fsf];nfO{ dfq geO{ ;du| ;xsf/L cleofgnfO{ ;'b[9, ;an tyf ;'/lIft agfpg gofF P]g tyf lgodfjnLn] /fd|f] e'ldsf v]Ng]5 eGg]df ljZj:t 5f}+ . P]gdf ;xsf/Lsf] nflu w]/} /fd|f, k|efjsf/L tyf ckl/xfo{ ljifox? ;dfj]; ul/Psf] 5 h:t} cfos/df 5'6sf ljifo, shf{ ;"rgf s]Gb| / sfnf] ;"rL ;DalGw Joj:yf, shf{ c;'ln Gofoflws/0f, ;Gbe{ Aofhb/sf ljifo, ;+/lIft k"FhL lkmtf{ sf]ifsf] gofF cjwf/0ff, ;xsf/L k|j4{g sf]if, l:y/Ls/0f sf]if, lgl/If0f tyf cg'udgsf ljifodf ljz]if Joj:yf, ;d:ou|:t ;+:yfx?sf] Joj:yfkg / b08 hl/jfgf / ;hfo h:tf ljifox?nfO{ ;dfj]z ul/Psf] 5 . gofF P]g tyf lgodfjnLn] ;b:ox?sf] ;DklQsf] k"0f{ ;'/Iffsf] k|Tofe'lt lbnfPsf] 5 . gofF ;xsf/L P]g tyf lgodfjnLn] art tyf C0fsf] sf/f]jf/ ug]{ ;xsf/L afx]s cGo ;xsf/Ln] cfk\mgf] p2]Zo d'tfljs sfo{ ug'{kg]{ afWosf/L Joj:yf u/]sf] 5 . xfn h'g} k|s[ltsf] ;xsf/Ln] klg art tyf C0fsf] dfq sf/f]jf/ ub}{ cfO/x]sf 5 ca tL ;xsf/Lx?n] art tyf C0fsf] sf/f]jf/nfO{ #) k|ltztdf l;ldt ul/ cfk\mgf] p2]Zo cg';f/ sfo{ ug'{ kg]{5 . o; k|fjwfgn] s]xL xb;Dd ;xsf/Lx?nfO{ nufgL d}qL agfpg ;kmn x'g] s'/fdf b'O{dt gxf]nf t/ d'Vo r'gf}tL eg]sf] sfof{Gjogsf] ljifo xf] . ;xsf/LnfO{ pTkfbg If]qdf nufgL a9fpgsf] lgldQ k|f]T;fxg ug{nfO{ 7f]; gLlt cfPdf / art tyf C0f ;xsf/Lsf] nflu s[lif tyf pTkfbg If]qdf nufgL a9fpgsf] lgldQ Aofh cg'bfgsf] Joj:yf ePdf cem k|efjsf/L x'g]5 . ¨;xsf/L ;xsf/L lar g} c:j:y k|lt:kwf{ a9]sf] 5, eGg] cf/f]k 5 lg s] eGg'x'G5 < c:j:y k|lt:kwf{ 5 o;nfO{ gsfg{ ;lsGg t/ P]gn] Joj:yf u/]sf] Ps JolQm Ps ;xsf/Lsf] cjwf/0ff / ;Gbe{ Aofhb/n] o; ;d:ofnfO{ ;dfwfg u5{ eGg]df ljZj:t 5f}+ . ¨;xsf/L If]q art tyf C0fdf dfq s]lGb|t ePsf] kfO{G5, o;nfO{ pTkfbgzLn If]qdf kmf]s; ug{ s] ug'{ knf{ < o;sf] ;dfwfg s]xL xb ;Dd ;xsf/L P]gn] ul/lbPsf] 5. art tyf C0f ;xsf/L afx]s cGo ;xsf/Lx?n] klg art tyf C0fsf] sf/f]jf/df dfq l;ldt ePsf]df ca ;xsf/Lx?n] cfk\mgf] p2]Zo adf]lhd sfo{ ug{ afWo agfPsf] 5 . art tyf C0f afx]ssf ;xsf/Lx?n] art tyf C0fsf] sf/f]jf/sf] l;df #) k|ltztdf l;ldt ug'{kg]{ afWosf/L k|fjwfgn] ca ;xsf/L dfkm{t pTkfbglzn If]qdf nufgL a[l4 ug{ d2t ug]{5 . pTkfbgzLn If]qdf nufgL a9fpgsf] lgldQ P]g dfk{mt ljleGg zLif{sx?df ljleGg k|s[ltsf ;xsf/Lx?nfO{ p2]Zo tyf sfo{sf] cfwf/df cg'bfgsf] Joj:yf ePsf] 5 t/ k|ToIf ?kdf Aofhb/df cg'bfg k|bfg ug{ ;lsPdf pQm If]qdf k|efjsf/L ?kdf nufgL a[l4 x'g ;Sg]5 .

¨;xsf/Lsf] sfo{If]q sxf“ sxf“ /x]sf] 5 < cfefif ;fsf];sf] sfo{If]q sfe|] lhNnf k'/} /x]sf] 5 . t/ ;]jf lj:tf/sf] ;Gbe{df k|ToIf ?kdf % :yfgLo txdf ;]jf k|bfg ub}{ cfPsf 5f} / k/f]If ?kdf lhNnfsf nueu ;a} If]qnfO{ ;d]6\g] k|of; ul//x]sf 5f}+ . ¨;xsf/Lx?sf vf; ;d:of s] x'g h:tf] nfU5 < ;b:ox?df ljlQo ;fIf/tf tyf ;xsf/Lsf] lzIffsf] sdL, c:j:y k|lt:kwf{ / bIf hgzlQmsf] sdL ;xsf/L If]qsf] d'Vo ;d:of xf] . ¨;xsf/Ln] cem} hgdfg;df ljZjf; lhTg ;s]sf] 5}g < ;xsf/Lx?nfO{ Aojl:yt ug{ s] ug'{ knf{ < klxnf] / d'Vo eg]sf] ;xsf/L lzIff . lzIffsf] sdLsf sf/0f hgdfg;df ;xsf/L ;DaGwL w/} cGof}n 5 . bf];|f] c:j:y k|lt:kwf{, s]xL ;xsf/Lx?n] lgod ljkl/t sfo{ ubf{ ahf/df c:j:y k|lt:kwf{ ;[hgf eof] / tL ;xsf/Lx? ;d:ofu|:t eP / tL v/fa ;xsf/Lsf sf/0f l;+uf] cleofgnfO{ gsf/fTds c;/ kl//x]sf] 5 o;sf] d'Vo sf/0f ;b:ox?df ljlQo ;fIf/tfsf] sdL xf] h:tf] d}n] dx;"; u/]sf] 5' . t];|f] kf/blz{tf / OdfGbfl/tf, xfd|f] cleofg eg]sf] ;b:ox?sf] ;fdflhs tyf cfly{s ?kfGt/0f ug'{ xf] o; p2]ZonfO{ ;fsf/ ug{ ;+:yf cfly{s cg'zf;gdf x'g'kb{5 . ;+:yfsf] lx;falstfa kf/bzL{ agfpg], ;dodf ;fwf/0f ;ef ug]{ / ;b:ox? dfem ;+:yfsf] ;Dk"0f{ ultljwLx? k|:t't ug]{, ;+rfns tyf Joj:yfkg ;b:ok|lt hjfkmb]xL tyf OdfGbf/ x'g] h:tf ljifox?df xfdLn] Wofg lbof}+ eg] xfdLn] hgdfg;sf] ljZjf; klg lhTg ;S5f}+ / xfdL cfkm} lagf c?sf] ;fxf/f Jojl:yt klg x'g ;S5f} . oL eg]sf :jlgodgsf kIfx? eP . :jlgodgsf kIfx?df Wofg s]lGb|t ubf{ub}{ klg s]xL sldsDhf]/L x'g ;S5 . To;sf] lgjf/0fsf] nflu P]gdf pNn]v eP adf]lhd afXo cg'udgnfO{ klg k|efjsf/L agfpg ;s]df ;xsf/L If]qnfO{ Jojl:yt agfpg cem 6]jf k'Ug]5 . ¨;xsf/L ;fx'sf/L eP eGg] cf/f]k nfU5 lg, lgIf]k ln+bf yf]/} lng] shf{ lbg' kbf{ rsf]{ Aofh lng] kl/kf6L /f]Sg ;lsG5 < ;xsf/LnfO{ ;b:o s]lGb|t agfpg ;ls+b}g < ;xsf/L Ps dxfg cleofg xf] s]xL JolQmx?sf] abdf;Lsf sf/0f l;+uf] cleofgsf] gfdnfO{ g} ckJofVof ug'{ x'bF}g . clxn]sf] cj:yfdf lgIf]kdf sd Jofh / shf{df al9 Aofh lng] cj:yf 5}g, lsgeg] ;xsf/L ljefun] @)&^ >fj0f !( ut] af6 ;Gbe{ Jofhb/ nfu' u/]sf] 5 . ca ;xsf/Ln] C0f nufgL ubf{ !^ k|ltzt eGbf al9 Aofh lng kfpbF}g / art / C0fsf] Aofhb/ larsf] cGt/ ^ k|ltzt eGbf al9 x'g x'g] 5}g elg P]gdf Joj:yf ul/Psf] 5 / d]/f] a'emfOdf clxn]sf] cj:yfdf ^ k|ltzt cGt/ u/]/ art tyf C0fsf] sf/f]jf/ ug{ ;Dejg} 5}g, k|foM ;xsf/Lsf] ^ k|ltzt eGbf sd g} x'g'k5{ eGg] d/f] 7DofO 5 . ca o:tf] cj:yfdf s'g} ;xsf/Ln] lgod ljk/Lt sf/f]jf/ ub}{ cfPsf] 5 eg] Tof] cg'udg tyf lgodg lgsfon] x]g]{ ljifo eof] geP clxn]sf] cj:yfdf ;xsf/Ln] artdf a}+sx?n] eGbf al9 Aofh lbPsf] 5 / C0f nufgLdf a}+ss} ;/x, cem slt ;xsf/Ln] a}+s eGbf klg sd Aofhb/df C0f nufgL ul//x]sf] 5 . xfdLn] klg olx lgodsf] kl/wL leq /xL art tyf C0fsf] sf/f]jf/ ub}{ cfPsf 5f}+ . ;xsf/L ;b:o s]lGb|t g} 5 / olb s'g} ;xsf/L ;b:o s]lGb|t 5}g eg] klg ;xsf/L P]g tyf lgodfjnL / ;xsf/L ljefun] hf/L u/]sf] ;DklQ z'l4s/0f lgjf/0f ;DalGw lgb]{zgn] ca To;tf ;xsf/Lx?nfO{ ;b:o s]lGb|t x'g afWo agfO{ ;s]sf] 5 / olb ;b:o s]lGb|t x'g g;s]df To;tf ;xsf/LnfO{ s]jn b'O{ ljsNk 5 ls t ;b:osf] art, z]o/ tyf ;b:o k|ltsf] bfloTj /sd ;Dk"0f{ lkmtf{ u/]/ ;+:yf aGb ug]{ ls ;xsf/L Plss/0f ug]{ . ¨;xsf/Ln] cfly{s ljsf;df slQsf] of]ubfg lbPsf] kfpg' ePsf] 5 < g]kfnsf] s'n u|fx:y pTkfbgdf ;xsf/Lsf] of]ubfg sl/a $ k|ltztsf] xf/fxf/Ldf 5 eGg] s'/f ;'g]sf] 5' t/ olsg tYofÍ 5}g . ;xsf/L If]q klg ;]jf If]q cGtu{t g} kb{5 / ;]jf If]qsf] of]ubfg sl/a ^) k|ltzt /x]sf] ;Gbe{df ;]jf If]q cGtu{t ;xsf/Lsf] slt of]ubfg 5 To;sf] klg olsg tYofÍ 5}g . ;xsf/L ljefusf] tYofÍ cg';f/ b]ze/ sl/a rf}+tL; xhf/ kfFr ;o eGbf al9 ;xsf/Ldf ^# nfv eGbf al9 ;b:o cfa4 5g\ . ;xsf/L If]qn] k|ToIf ?kdf ;f¶L xhf/ eGbf al9 sd{rf/Lx?nfO{ /f]huf/ k|bfg ub}{ cfPsf] / ck|ToIf ?kdf !) nfv eGbf al9nfO{ /f]huf/Lsf] cj;/sf] ;[hgf u/]sf] 5 . ;xsf/Ln] tLg va{ eGbf al9sf] art /sd kl/rfng ul//x]sf] 5 . ;'Id ?kdf cWoog ubf{ ;xsf/Ln] /f]huf/Lsf] ;[hgfsf ;fy} n3' shf{ nufgL dfkm{t ;b:ox?sf] cfly{s ljsf;sf] nflu of]ubfg ub}{ cfO/x]sf] 5 . xfn cfP/ ;xsf/L ljefun] ;xsf/Lx?sf] ;Dk"0f{ tYofÍ clen]lvs/0f ug]{ p2]Zon] ;xsf/L tyf ul/aL ;DaGwL Aoj:yfkg ;"rgf k|0ffnL (COPOMIS) sf] ;'?jft u/]sf] 5 . of] k|0ffnL eg]sf] ;xsf/L tyf ul/aL lgjf/0f If]qsf] Ps cf}krfl/s, :jrflnt / cfw'lgs ;"rgf k|0ffnL xf] . o; k|ljlwaf6 ;xsf/L ;+3 ;+:yfx?sf] ;"rgf Aoj:yfkg ;DaGwL sfo{ ;Dkfbg x'g] ePsf]n casf] s]xL ;dodf ;xsf/Ln] cfly{s ljsf;df slt of]ubfg lbPsf] 5 eGg] ljifodf olsgsf ;fy eGg ;lsg]5 eGg]df xfdL ljZj:t 5f}+ . ¨cGtdf klqsf dfk{mt cfd ;xsf/LsdL{x?nfO{ s] eGg rfxg'x'G5 < cfefif ;fsf]; ;b}j cfly{s cg'zf;gdf 5 / ;b:o s]lGb|t eO{ sf/f]jf/ ub}{ cfO/x]sf] 5 / efjL lbgx?df klg ;b:o s]lGb|t eO{ clwstd dfqfdf ;b:ox?sf] lxt k|j4{g x'g] k|efjsf/L ;]jf lj:tf/ ug{ k|lta4 5f}+ . ;Dk"0f{ ;xsf/Lx? ;xsf/Lsf] lz4fGt, d'No, dfGotf / sfg'gsf] kfngf ul/ OdfGbf/L k"j{s ;b:ox?sf] lxtdf /lx/xg' eGb} d]/f] larf/ /fVg lbg'ePsf]df r]i6f ;fKtflxsnfO{ w]/}w]/} wGojfb lbg rfxG5' . ho ;xsf/L . k|:t'lt M nId0f

efjk"0f{ >4f~hnL

efjk"0f{ >4f~hnL

w' l nv] n ÷;d' b fo :t/af6 vf]lnPsf] w'lnv]n ;fd'bflos c:ktfnn] @# cf}+ aflif{sf]T;j dgfPsf] 5 . @* z}of / yf]/} hgzlQmaf6 z'? ePsf] pQm c:ktfn clxn] $ ;o z}ofsf ;fy} xhf/ eGbf w]/} hgzlQmsf ;fy ;+rfngdf 5 . yf]/} z'Nsdf ljz]if1 ;]jf ;lxt lj/fdL egf{ x'Fbf sd z'Nsdf z}ofsf] /sddf lj/fdL / p;sf] s'?jf ;lxtnfO{ tLg 5fs vfgfsf] ;d]t Aoj:yf ug{] pQm c:ktfn blIf0f Plzofs} gd'gf dflgG5 . ;/;kmfO{sf lx;fan] klg u'0f:t/ sfod ug{ ;kmn w'lnv]n c:ktfnn] :jf:Yo;Fu} lzIff klg k|bfg u/]sf] 5 . !% xhf/ # ;o (% hgf ljBfyL{nfO{ lzIff k|bfg u/]sf] pQm c:ktfnn] b}lgs ! xhf/ eGbf w]/}nfO{ :jf:Yo ;]jf k|bfg ub{} cfPsf] 5 . c:ktfnn] u|fld0f e]usf gful/sx?sf] :jf:Yo ;]jfsf nflu lhNnf / cf;kf;sf If]qdf ;fd'bflos lSnlgs ;d]t ;+rfng u/]sf] 5 . ljleGg If]qaf6 gful/ssf] :jf:YonfO{ klxnf] k|fyldstf lbb} cfPsf]

w'lnv]n c:ktfn ;d'bfo :t/af6 ;+rflnt gd'gf c:ktfn xf] . w'lnv]n gu/kflnsf / c:ktfn If]qsf gful/sx?n] hUuf ;lxtsf] cfly{s ;xof]u k|bfg u/L z'? u/]sf] c:ktfnsf] u'0f:t/ sfoddf cem} Wofg lbg'kg{] ;xefuLx?n] atfPsf 5g\ . sf7df8f+} ljZjljBfnosf ;+:yfks pks'nklt 8f= ;'/]z/fh zdf{, c:ktfnsf ;+:yfks tyf ljZjljBfnosf pks'nklt 8f= /fds07 dfsh'n] c:ktfnsf] ;]jf tyf lzIff / :jf:YonfO{ c:ktfnn] lnPsf] nIo cg';f/sf] pb]Zo k|fKlt u/]sf] dfsh' / zdf{n] atfpg' eof] . sfo{qmddf w'lnv]n gu/kflnsf k|d'v czf]s Aof~h'n] gu/kflnsfn] :jf:Yo klxnf] zt{ agfpFb} lzIffdf Wofg lbPsf] atfpg' eof] . lzIff / :jf:Yo;Fu} gful/sx?nfO{ k|bfg ug{] ;]jfdf gu/kflnsfn] cleefjssf] e"ldsf lgefpFb} cfPsf] k|d'v Aof~h'n] atfpg' eof] . sfoq{mddf kf|k]m;]/ 8f= /fhG]b| sfh ] ,F' kqsf/ ljhosd'f/ kf08,] 8f= ufs ] n ' e§ nufotn] dGtAo /fVg' ePsf] lyof] . uflosf cfgL 5fO]Ë{ 8fN]dfn] ;fu+Llts k:|tl't ug'{ ePsf] lyof] .

uf]Ndfb]jLdf kSsL ejg

b]jL6f/÷uf]Ndfb]jL cfwf/e't ljBfnosf] $ sf]7] kSsL ejgsf] g]kfn gu/kflnsf ;3+sf cWoIf tyf w'lnv]n gu/kflnsf k|d'v czf]s AofGh'n] pb\3f6g ug{' ePsf] 5 . ejg pb\3f6g ub{} gu/ k|d'v AofGh'n] gu/sf ;a} afnaflnsf ;'/lIft ejgdf a;]/ k9\g kfpg] jftfj/0f agfpg] tkm{ gu/n] sfd ul//x]sf] atfpg' ePsf] lyof] . …;'/lIft ljBfno ejg;Fu} u'0f:t/Lo lzIffnfO{ klg gu/kflnsfn] klxnf] k|fyldstdf /fv]sf] 5Ú–gu/ k|d'v Aof~h'n] eGg'eof]–…gu/df lzIffaf6 sf]xL klg al~rt x'g' gk/f]; eg]/ gu/n] ljz]if hf]8 lbPsf] 5 .Ú gu/nfO{ ;fIf/ 3f]if0ff ul/;]s kl5 lzIff, vfg]kfgL, af6f] / :jf:YonfO{ k|fyldstfdf /fvL sfd ul//x]sf] pxfFn] atfpg' eof] . sfo{qmddf w'lnv]n gu/kflnsf pk k|d'v ljdnf zdf{, j8f gDj/ ! sf j8f cWoIf /d]z 3f]/;fO{g], j8f gDj/ @ sf j8f cWoIf b]jk|;fb sf]O{/fnf, j8f gDj/ !! sf j8f cWoIf lji'0f lwtfn, j8f gDj/ !@ sf xs{ tfdfª, lzIff zfvf k|d'v dfwj zdf{ nufPtn] z'esfdgf dGtAo /fVg' ePsf]

lyof] . sfo{qmddf lzIff ljsf; tyf ;dGjo O{sfO{ sfe|]sf] #^ nfv / w'lnv]n gu/kflnsfsf] & nfv cfly{s ;xof]udf ejg lgdf{0f ;DkGg ePsf] j8fWoIf /d]z k|;fb 3f]/f;}g]n] hfgsf/L lbg' eof] . sfo{qmddf ljBfnosf nfuL @ /f]kgL hUuf bfg ug{' x'g] hUufbftf z'qmaxfb'/ tfdfª, ljBfnosf k"j{ cWoIf ef]h/fh 3f]/;fO{g], d/0ff]k|fGt lza 3f]/;fO{g], /fdaxfb'/ tfdfª, l6sfk|;fb 3f]/;fO{g], /d]z 3f]/;fO{g] / ofbj 3f]/;fO{g]nfO{ ;Ddfg ul/Psf] lyof] . sfo{qmddf ljBfnoaf6 cjsf; k|fKt d+l;/ !$ ut] ;DkGg pk lgjfr{gaf6 lgjf{lrt j8f gDj/ @ sf j8f cWoIf b]jk|;fb sf]O{/fnfO{ ;d]t ;Ddfg ul/Psf] lyof] . sfo{ q mddf :jfut dGtAo k|wfgWofks hgfb{g sf]O{/fnfn] ug{' ePsf] lyof] eg] ;efkltTjdf ljBfno Aoa:yfkg ;ldtLsf cWoIf k|sfz tfdfªn] ug{' ePsf] lyof] . @)&@ ;fnsf] e'sDkdf ljBfnosf] ejg elTsPkl5 gofF agfOPsf] xf] . ljBfno ejg ag]kl5 c:yfoL l;sfO{ s]G›df k9\b} cfPsf afnaflnsfnfO{ ;lhnf] ePsf] 5 . pQm ljBfnodf ;o hgf ljBfyL{ k9\b} cfO/x]sf 5g\ .

efjk"0f{ >4f~hnL

hGd !((@.^.!)

:juf{/f]x0f @)&^.*.!%

:j= th ] sfhL ;fh +] " >i]7 hGd !(**.!).@#

:juf{/f]x0f @)&^.*.!*

hGd !((@.^.!)

:juf{/f]x0f @)&^.*.!%

:j= anaxfb'/ kf]6]

:j= t]hsfhL ;f]+h" >]i7

o; Gx'M hnf 9's' k'rM sf cWoIf cd[tnfn kf]6]sf k"hgLo lktf tyf u[xnIdL srfM sf ;b:o ;Ltf kf]6]sf k"hgLo ;;'/f anaxfb'/ kf]6s ] f] c;fdlos :juf{/f]x0f ePsf]df d[tsk|lt efjk"0f{ >4f~hnL ck{0f ub}{ zf]s;GtKt kl/jf/hgk|lt xflb{s ;dj]bgf k|s6 ub{5f}+ .

o; Gx'M hnf 9's' k'rM sf ;b:o cf]dbofn ;f]+h" >]i7sf k"hgLo lktf tyf u[xnIdL srfM sf ;b:o cf/tL ;f]+h" >]i7sf k"hgLo ;;'/f t]hsfhL ;f]+hs " f] c;fdlos :juf{/f]x0f ePsf]df d[tsk|lt efjk"0f{ >4f~hnL ck{0f ub}{ zf]s;GtKt kl/jf/hgk|lt xflb{s ;dj]bgf k|s6 ub{5f}+ .

Gx'M hnf 9's' k'rM kl/jf/, ag]kf

Gx'M hnf 9's' k'rM kl/jf/, ag]kf

u[xnIdL srfM kl/jf/, ag]kf

u[xnIdL srfM kl/jf/, ag]kf

o; :jf:Yo ;]jf ;+3sf ;lrj lbgbofn ;f]+h" >]i7sf k"hgLo lktf t]hsfhL ;f]+h" >]i7sf] c;fdlos lgwg ePsf]df lbu+jt cfTdfk|lt efjk"0f{ >4f~hnL ck{0f ub}{ zf]s;GtKt kl/jf/hgdf xflb{s ;dj]bgf k|s6 ub{5f}{ .

lb3{/fh j?0f >]i7 cWoIf tyf

w'lnv]n :jf:Yo ;]jf ;+3 kl/jf/, w'lnv]n, sfe|]

^

r]i6f ;fKtflxs

jif{ @^ c+s & @)&^ d+l;/ @^ ut] ljxLjf/

kf]N6«L ljz]if

s]lx l;sf}+ hfkfgaf6 ?sd0fL l;Ub]n ltdlN;gf laZjsf] ;d[4zfnL /fi6« dWosf] Ps zlQm ;DkGg / ljsl;t Pj+ cg'zfl;t d'n's hfkfg hxfF ljsf;s} sf/0f ljZjsf] Wofgfsif{0f x'G5 . ;'Gbf / ef]Ubf x/]s lrhsf] km/s cg'ej x'g] g} /x]5 . hfkfgsf !)) k|ltzt tTj? dWo] )=! hlt dfq b]lvof] xf]nf ^ lbgsf] 5f]6f] a;fO{df t/ h] b]lvof] ;f]sf] aofg klg oxfFsf] nflu sfkmL x'G5 . w]/} s'/fx? xfd}| klg /fd|f 5g . t/ xfdL /fd|f] tl/sfn] ug{ hfGb}gf} . plgx?af6 l;Sg ;lsg] Pp6f s'/f xf] h] 5 To;sf] ;lx

ug{ 8/fpFb5g\ . plgx? tYok/s s'/f / Aoaxf/Ls sfd dg k/fpFb5g . /]l;8]G;n 3/ xf]; of Aofkfl/s 3/sf] nflu kfls{Ë /fv]s} x'G5 . sGrg df};d x/]s lbg b]lvG5 / kmf]x/ jf w'nf] st} / slxNo} b]Vg kfOGgF . zx/df klg kfgLsf >f]tx? slxNo} kmf]x/ b]lvGgg\ . sfdsf] Ao:ttf ;Fu} s]lx ;do 5'6\ofP/ vfgfsf] cfgGb klg lng] ub{5g\ . sl/a ^) gf3]sf a'9f a'9Lx? 6\ofS;Lsf] 8«fOe/ / 8«fO{leË k]zfdf /x]sf] b]Vbf / xfd|f] b]zdf o'jfx? a]/f]huf/ /x]sf] b]Vbf ToxfF >d k|ltsf] cf:yf /x]sf] b]lvG5 . h:tf] ePklg sfdnfO{ plgx? ;Ddfg ub{5g\ / dof{lbt 9+un] sfd ;Sg] ub{5g\ . xfdLsxfF h:tf] 6]a'njs{ jf enfb\dL kN6]/ ug]{ sfd dfq sfd xf] eGg] h:tf] unt s'/fx? ToxfF x'g kfpGg . a;f]af;sf nflu agfO{g] 3/x? ;fgf ;fgf / sd nufgLsf e'sDk lg/f]lw g} agfOG5g\ . 3/ / lanfl;tfsf nflu al9 k};f vr{ ub}{gg\ . ljsf;df nufgL al9 b]lvG5 .

Pp6fdfq 3/sf] nflu klg klSs af6f] aG5 .

sd sfd / al9 s'/f clg efif0f ug]{ / Tolx afgL k|lt uf}/a ug]{ xfdL g]kfnLsf] eGbf 7Ls pN6f] 5 plgx?sf] afgL ls sfd Hofbf aft sd . dfgf}+ g]kfnLsf] h:tf] ;'Gbf /dfO{nf] t/ Aoy{sf cAoaxf/Ls efif0f ug'{nfO{ plgx? 7uL h:t} dfGg] ub{5g . pkof]u . pbfx/0fsf] nflu ToxfF pTkfbg x'g] a]t k|hftLsf] afF;nfO{ htftt} pko'Qm tj/n] k|of]u ul/Psf] 5 . sd sfd / al9 s'/f clg efif0f ug]{ / Tolx afgL k|lt uf}/a ug]{ xfdL g]kfnLsf] eGbf 7Ls pN6f] 5 plgx?sf] afgL ls sfd Hofbf aft sd . dfgf}+ g]kfnLsf] h:tf] ;'Gbf /dfO{nf] t/ Aoy{sf cAoaxf/Ls efif0f ug'{nfO{ plgx? 7uL h:t} dfGg] ub{5g . / To;f]

Pp6f dfq :s'n] afnssf] nflu klg /]n u'8]sf] s'/f t klxn] g} ;dfrf/df ;'g]s} s'/f xf] . ;a}n] ;/sf/L s/ OdfGbfl/tf ;fy lt5{g\ / ;s];Dd :jf:Yo, lzIff / oftfoft h:tf cfwf/e"t cfjZostfsf] ;'ljwfnfO{ u'0f:tl/o agfO{ al9 ;] al9 pkof]u u5{g\ . xfdLsxfF h:tf] x'g]vfg]nfO{ u'0f:tl/o / ul/anfO{ ufx|f] kfg]{ s'g}klg sfo{ ul/GgF . ;fj{hlgs :ynx? ;kmf

efjk"0f{ >4f~hnL hGd M !((#

:j= lhtaxfb'/ u'?ª

:juf{/f]x0fM @)&^.*.@)

8f= u0f]z aGhf/f

Hff8f] df};ddf rNnfx?sf] a|'l8ª s;/L ug]{ < / dxTjk"0f{ agfO{G5 . o:tf sof}+ gd"gf sfo{x?

5g\ hf] xfdLn] k|ToIf b]Vg / cjnf]sg ug{ kfpFb5f}+ . tL ;Dk"0f{ lrhx?af6 xfdLn] l;Sg kfpg] s] xf] / ug{ kfpg] s] xf] t < lt s'/fx?nfO{ 5f]6s/Ldf eGg'kbf{ .

– hfklghx? afnaflnsf, j[4j[4f czQmx?nfO{ clt g} ;xof]u u5{g\ .

– s'g}klg sfd c?sf] kfnf] lgod ldr]/ ub}{gg\ .

– c?sf] cufl8 gd| eO{ em's]/ af]Nb5g\ .

– ;8sdf a6'jf xf]; jf ;jf/L rfns xf];, 6«flkms lgodsf] kfngfdf cToGt} ;+j]bgzLn x'G5g .

– ;xofu] / dfgljo efjgf cToGt /fdf|] /xG5 .

– ;/sf/L ;'ljwfsf] ljsf; / ;b'kof]u ub{5g\ .

– cfkm\gf pTkfbgnfO{ a9L k|fyldstf lbg] sfd ub{5g\ .

– x/]s sfd nfO{ga4 eO{, kfn}kfnf] ;DkGg ub{5g\ .

– eL8 x'g] 7fFpx?df clt g} cg'zfl;t eO kfnf] s'g]{ ub{5g .

– ;8sdf 6«flkmssf] ;a} sfd nfO{6 / l;:6dn] ub{5 .

– ;8sdf kmf]xf]/, lau|]sf] eTs]sf], kfunx?, kmf]xf]/L dflg;x? sf]lx b]lvGgg\ .

– laxfg $ ah] eGbf cuf8L g} ;DalGwt lgsfon] kmf]x/ p7fP/ nlu;S5 . kmf]xf]/nfO{ # k|sf/df afF8]/ l8:kf]h ul/G5 . To;}n] hfkfg :jR5 / :j:Yo 5 .

– km'6kfydf Aofkf/ ug]{x? kfO{Ggg\ .

– ;8s / 6«flkms lgod ldr]df Psnfv og hl/jfgf ltg'{kb{5 .

– dfUg', c? AolQm jf b]zaf6 8f]g]zg dfUg' jf ;xof]u lng' eg]sf] lev dfUg] aGg' ;/x dfGb5g\ .

– c?nfO{ ;xof]u ug{ a? v'zL /xG5g\ .

– plrt >dsf] plrt d"No /xG5 / >dk|lt cf:yf /xG5 .

– kfx'gfx?sf] clt g} cfb/ ub{5g . o;/L cToGt w/]} s/'f 5g\ hf] xfdL hfkfgaf6 l;Sg ;Sb5f+} . lgod / cgz ' f;gsf] kfngfn] hfkfg dfyL p7s ] f] 5 . oL dfyL pNnl]vt pbfx/0fLo sfdx? sDtLdf gk]fnn] l5§} canDag ul/xfNg' kg{] s/'fx? xg' . labz ] df uO{ oL / o:tf sof+}+ ljsf;sf gdg"f bv ] /] cfPsf gt]fx?n] / cGon] lsg o:tf s/'fnfO{ gk]fnsf] lasf;sf nflu dfGotf lbg,] nfu' ug{] / u/fpg] sfd ul/Gg < gk]fndf sfgg"sf] kfngfsf] nflu s8f hl/jfgfsf] lgod slxn] cfp5F < cfkmgf] pTkfbgnfO{ dfGotf slxnb]l]v lbg] < dflkmofx?nfO{ lgoGq0f slxna]f6 ug{] < ;/sf/L ;l'jwfnfO{ u0'f:t/Lo slxn] agfOG5 < ;/sf/L pBfu]x? slxn] ;r + fng xg'] < slxn] >dkl|t cf:yf hufpg] < slxn] labz ] L 8fg]z ] g lng aGb ug{] slxn] oj'fx? /fh ] uf/ xg'] < slxn] ag]| 8g«] /fl]sg] / slxn] gk]fn ljsf;df km8s \ f] dfg{] < oIf kZ|g of] 5 .

efjk"0f{ >4f~hnL hGd M @)@%.%.@!

:juf{/f]x0fM @)&^.*.!%

:j= km'ndfof tfdfª

o; ;xsf/L ;+:yf ln=sf z]o/ ;b:o wgs'df/L u'?ªsf] klt tyf z]o/ ;b:o uf}/L u'?ªsf] k"hgLo ;;'/f lhtaxfb'/ u'?ªsf] c;dflos lgwg ePsf]df efjk"0f{ >4f~hnL ck{0f ub{} zf]s;GtKt kl/jf/hgk|lt xflb{s ;dj]bgf JoQm ub{5f}+ .

o; ;xsf/L ;:+yf ln=sf zo]/ ;b:o /fhdfg tfdfªsf] wdk{TgL tyf zo]/ ;b:o zldn { f tfdfª / ;/'h tfdfªsf] ddtfdoL dftf kmn ' dfof tfdfªsf] cNkfod"} c;dflos lgwg ePsfd]f efjk0"f{ >4f~hnL ck0{f ub}{ zfs ] ;GtKt kl/jf/hgkl|t xflbs { ;djb]gf JoQm ub5{f+} .

/fh' du/, cWoIf tyf

/fh' du/, cWoIf tyf

hghfu[lt t/sf/L tyf kmnkm"n ;xsf/L ;+:yf ln= kl/jf/, w'lnv]n

hghfu[lt t/sf/L tyf kmnkm"n ;xsf/L ;+:yf ln= kl/jf/, w'lnv]n

efjk"0f{ >4f~hnL

efjk"0f{ >4f~hnL

hGd M !((%.(.*

:juf{/f]x0fM @)&^.*.!^

hGd M @)$@.!.!*

v08df tfkqmd / ;fk]lIft cfb|tfdf ljz]if Wofg lbg' kb{5 . kfgLsf] l8«ª\s/sf] kof{Kt Joj:yfn] -sDtLdf @ j6f l8«ª\s/ k|lt !)) rNnf_ rNnfx?df nª\u8f] / ufp6sf] ;d:ofnfO{ Go'lgs/0f ug{ d4t ub{5 . o;af6 rNnfdf x'g] ;'?sf] d[To'b/ 36fpg ;lsG5 . a'|l8ª sf]7fsf] tfkqmd @ xKTff;Dd Gofof] x'g' kb{5 eg] ;fk]lIft cfb|tf $) b]lv ^) k|ltzt /xg' k5{ . ;fk]lIft cfb|tf dfyL pNn]lvt cj:yf sfod ug{ g;lsPsf] v08df Zjf; k|Zjf; ;DalGw ;d:of cfpg ;S5 . @ xKtf kl5sf] cjlwdf rNnfx?n] cfˆgf] zl//sf] plrt tfkqmdnfO{ ljsl;t ul/ ;s]sf x'G5g .

To;}u/L e]lG6n];gn] klg :jR5 xfjf ;+rf/sf] nflu dxTjk"0f{ /xG5 . Pp6f a|'l8ª ug]{ :yfgdf clS;hg !(=% Ü, sfa{g8fOcS;fO8 #))) ppm eGbf 3l6, sfa{gdgf]cS;fO8 / Pdf]lgof !) ppm eGbf 3l6 x'g' kb{5 eg] w'nf]sf] dfqf #=$ Pd=lh÷ld6/ # (3.4 mg/m3) eGbf a9L x'g' x'b}g . a'|l8ª sf]7f leq w'jfsf] dfqf a9L x'Fbf sfaf]{gdf]gf]cS;fO8sf] dfqf a9]/ hfG5 . o:tf Uof; ^)) ppm df rNnfx?n] #) ldg]6;Dd ;xg ;Sg] / #))) ppm eGbf a9L ePdf @ 306f kl5 ;a} lg;fl;P/ dg{ ;S5g . vf]/df ;fwf/0ftof sfaf]{g8fOcS;fO8 $)) ppm hlt ePdf /fd|f] dflgG5 . hf8f]df k|fo rNnfx? leQfdf 6fl;P/ a:g'df sfaf]{g8fOcS;fO8sf] dfqf a9]sf] x'g ;S5 . kz'kG5Lsf] zl//sf] sf]ifdf c;/ ug]{ Pdf]lgof Uof;sf] kfgLdf 3'Ng], s8f /fFu cfpg] u'0f x'G5 . Pdf]lgofsf] c? c;/x?df v'§fdf 3fp lg:sg] cfFvf ;'lGgg], cf;' aUg], 5ftLsf] 5fnf / z/L/sf] cGo 5fnfdf kfgLsf] kmf]sf b]lvg] / tf}n 36\g'sf ;fy} s'v'/fx? ;fgf] 7'nf] b]lvG5 . Pdf]lgof UofF;, sfa{g8fOcS;fO8 / lr:ofgsf] dfqf a9]df kl5 uP/ kfgL el/g] ;d:of lg:sG5 . rNnfx? a'|l8ª u/]sf] klxnf] @$ 306fdf p;sf] zf/Ll/s tf}nsf] @)–@%Ü bfgf / $)–%)Ü kfgL vfg' k5{ / rNnf 5f8]sf] ^ 306f kl5;Dddf (%Ü n] bfgf vfPsf] cyjf bfgfy}nL el/Psf] x'g'k5{ . o;/L em§ x]bf{ s;}n] bfgf vfO/x]sf], s;}n] kfgL lkO/x]sf] / s]lx cf/fd u/]/ al;/x]sf] cj:yfdf b]lvg' k5{ . a'|l8ªdf /flvPsf rNnfx?sf] & lbg;Dd d[To'b/ ! Ü eGbf a9\g' x'b}g . a'|l8ªsf nflu lgDg % a'Fbfx? dxTjk"0f{ /xG5g\ • bfgf pknAwtf M ;a} rNnfx?n] ;kmf, :jR5 bfgf vfg kfpg' kb{5 . / c? vfg] ;fdu|L vf]Hg] df}sf lbg' x'b}g • tfkqmd Joj:yfkg M plrt ;f]Q/ / Toxfsf] tfkqmdn] /fd|f] glthf lbnfpg ;xof]u ub{5 .

• :jR5 xfjf M k|of{Kt dfqfdf clS;hgsf] Joj:yf x'g' kb{5 .

• :jR5 kfgL M ;a} rNnfx?nfO ;kmf kfgL lkpg ;Sg] l:yltdf k|of{Kt l8+«s/sf] Joj:yf x'g' kb{5 .

• k|sfz M plrt k|sfzn] rNnfx?sf] lqmofsnfk a9fpg] x'gfn] k|sfz Joj:yfkg ug'{ kb{5 . ;f/+;df pko'Qm a'|l8ªn] rNnfx? Psgfzsf] x'g d2t ub{5 . rNnfsf ;'?sf !$ lbg Psbd x]/ ljrf/ k'¥ofpg' kg]{ lbgx? x'g . a'|l8ªdf tfkqmd, :jR5 xfjf kfgL / bfgf Psbd dxTjk"0f{ ?kdf /xG5g . oL ;a} s'/fx? plrt ta/n] ldnfP/ *)Ü eGbf a9L pknAwL xfFl;n ug{ ;lsG5 .

:juf{/f]x0fM @)&^.*.!$

:j= hutLdfof >]i7

:j= k|Hjnf sdf{rfo{

>L r08]Zj/L dflj gfnfsf lzIfs s[i0fuf]kfn >]i7sf ddtfdoL dftf hutLdfof >]i7sf] c;dflos lgwg ePsf]df efjk"0f{ >4f~hnL ck{0f ub{} zf]s;GtKt kl/jf/hgk|lt xflb{s ;dj]bgf JoQm ub{5f}+ .

xfd|f cfb/0fLo s[i0faxfb'/ sdf{rfo{sf ;'k'qL tyf Kof/L k|Hjnf sdf{rfos { f] cNkfo"d} c;dflos lgwg ePsf]df efjk"0f{ >4f~hnL ck{0f ub{} zf]s;GtKt kl/jf/hgk|lt xflb{s ;dj]bgf JoQm ub{5f}+ .

s[i0fuf]kfn sdf{rfo{ /fhs'df/ sdf{rfo{

s[i0fuf]kfn sdf{rfo{ /fhs'df/ sdf{rfo{

k"0f{ sdf{rfo{ ;'lgn sdf{rfo{

pko'Qm tfkqmd ePsf] ;f]Q/ / To; vf]/df ePsf] tfkqmdn] rNnfsf] j[l4 ljsfzdf pNn]vlgo e"ldsf v]n]sf] x'G5 . rNnf cfpg' Go'gQd !@ b]lv @$ 306f cufl8 b]lv g} vf]/sf] tfkqmd a9fpg vf]/df e'sf/L jf UofF; xf]j/ jf lrd afNg' kb{5 . ev{/} Xofr ePsf rNnfx?sf] cfˆgf] z/L/sf] tfkqmd lgoGq0f ug{ g;Sg] ePsfn] vf]/df rNnf cfpg' cufl8 ttfOPsf] vf]/sf] ;f]Q/sf] tfkqmd #@ l8u|L;]lG6u|]6 x'g' kb{5 . olb #@ l8u|L;]lG6u|]6 k'¥ofpg g;s]sf] v08df rNnfx?

Ps} 7fpdf y'k|g], lslrP/ dg]{ ;d:ofsf] ;fy;fy} bfgfkfgL klg sd vfG5g / h;sf] c;/ kl5;Dd klg /lx/xG5 . Xofr x'g' cufl8 c08fsf] of]Ns :ofsdf (Yolk Sac) !—@ u|fd lr:ofg x'G5 eg] @ efu ˆof6 / ! efu k|f]l6g /x]sf] x'G5 . cf/fdbfoL;Fu a;]sf] rNnfn] @$ 306fsf] cjlwdf !—@ u|fd kfgL Zjf;k|Zjf;sf] dfWodaf6 jftfj/0fdf ˆofFSb5 eg] ltg} rNnfx?nfO{ a9L tfkqmd lbPdf jftfj/0fdf ˆoflsg] kfgLsf] dfqf -afkm_ %—!) u|fd ;Dd /xG5 / rNnfx? l8xfO8]«6]6 (Dehydrate) x'G5g . kfgL jf jfkmsf] dfqf jftfj/0fdf a9L jf 36L ˆoflsg aQLsf] tftf], a|'8/sf] tftf], ;fk]lIft cfb|tf / xfjfsf] jxfjdf lge{/ ub{5 . rNnfx? @% lbgsf] pd]/ gk'u];Dd xfjfsf] axfj k|lt lgs} ;+j]bgzLn x'G5g . Pp6f ;fgf] rNnfsf] cfsf/ ;fgf] ePsf] t/ Body Mass a9L ePsf] sf/0fn] 7'nf s'v'/fsf] bfFhf]df tfkqmd a9L Ifo ub{5g . rNnfsf] KjfFv e'jfbf/ / g/d ePsfn] z/L/sf] tfkqmd Radiation / Conduction dfkm{t Ifo x'G5 . olb rNnfx?n] w]/} lr;f] dfg]df ltlgx? Ps} 7fpFdf u'h'lN6P/ a:g vf]Hb5g . o;sf] c;/ /f]u k|lt/f]wfTds zlQmdf sdL cfpFb5 / rNnfx?, ;fg} pd]/ b]lv ljleGg /f]ux?n] ;+qmldt x'g yfNb5g . olb rNnfx? ;fx|} ;fgf] ePsf]

k"0f{ sdf{rfo{ ;'lgn sdf{rfo{

gfnf eujtL k"hf Joj:yfkg gfnf eujtL k"hf Joj:yfkg ;ldlt kl/jf/ ;ldlt kl/jf/ ag]kf g=kf= $, pu|r08L gfnf, sfe|]

ag]kf g=kf= $, pu|r08L gfnf, sfe|]

efjk"0f{ >4f~hnL

efjk"0f{ >4f~hnL

hGd !(**.!).@#

:juf{/f]x0f @)&^.*.!*

:j= anaxfb'/ kf]6] o; ;d"xsf ;b:o k'iknfn kf]6]sf k"hgLo lktf anaxfb'/ kf]6s ] f] c;fdlos :juf{/f]x0f ePsf]df d[tsk|lt efjk"0f{ >4f~hnL ck{0f ub}{ zf]s;GtKt kl/jf/hgk|lt xflb{s ;dj]bgf k|s6 ub{5f}+ .

>L dfO{ r08]Zj/L kmf]·flx6L b}lgs :gfg ;d"x kl/jf/ ag]kf, sfe|]

hGd @)!%.*.!%

:juf{/f]x0f @)&^.*.@)

efjk"0f{ >4f~hnL hGd @))%.@.!%

:juf{/f]x0f @)&^.*.!(

:j= /fwfsi[0f dfgGw/ -sfOnf vqL_

:j= u0fz ] nfn cjf

o; bfkmf ehg vnMsf ;b:o /fwfs[i0f dfgGw/ -sfOnf vqL_sf] c;fdlos :juf{/f]x0f ePsf]df d[tsk|lt efjk"0f{ >4f~hnL ck{0f ub}{ zf]s;GtKt kl/jf/hgk|lt xflb{s ;dj]bgf k|s6 ub{5f}+ .

o; ;+:yfsf sd{rf/L l/tf cjfsf k"hgLo lktf u0f]znfn cjfsf] c;fdlos :juf{/f]x0f ePsf]df d[tsk|lt efjk"0f{ >4f~hnL ck{0f ub}{ zf]s;GtKt kl/jf/hgk|lt xflb{s ;dj]bgf k|s6 ub{5f}+ .

jfVo bfkmf ehg vnM kl/jf/ ag]kf–* sfe|]

;'laGb| /fhe08f/L cWoIf Pj+

s[lt art tyf C0f ;xsf/L ;+:Yff ln=kl/jf/ ag]kf–* sfe|]

&

r]i6f ;fKtflxs

/fhbf; dfu{ :t/f]GtL tyf 9nfg

ag]kf÷ag]kf gu/kflnsf j8f g+ % l:yt /fhbf; dfu{ :t/f]GtL tyf 9nfg sfo{ ;DkGg ePsf] 5 . ag]kf gu/kflnsfsf] gu/ :t/Lo k"jf{wf/ ljsf; ah]6 dfkm{t cf=j @)&^÷)&& cGt{ut !% nfv / hg;xeflutf dfkm{t $ nfv #( xhf/ u/L !( nfv #( xhf/df pQm of]hgf ;DkGg ePsf] pkef]Qmf ;ldtLsf cWoIf d'g]Zj/ sfo:yn] atfpg' eof] . of]hgfsf] cg'udg ag]kf gu/kflnsf pk–k|d'v tyf of]hgf cg'udg ;+of]hs /]vf ;fksf]6f bfxfnn] u'0f:t/Lo sfd ug{ pkef]Qmfx?nfO{ cfu|x ug{' ePsf] lyof] . k|To]s of]hgf cg'dug x'g] x'bFf pkef]Qmfx?n] cfkm\gf] 7fFpdf sfd ubf{ u'0f:t/Lo, ;Demf}tf cg';f/sf] eP gePsf],

;a} cg'udg ;d]t ug{'kg{] atfpg' eof] . gu/kflnsfn] ljsf; lgdf{0fdf lta|tf lbPsfn] gu/sf !$ j6} j8fdf af6f], ;fO{ 8«]g, vfg]kfgL, lzIff, s[lif tyf kz' nufPtsf If]qdf lta| ultdf sfd ul//x]sf] atfpg' ePsf] lyof] . ljsf; lgdf{0fdf gu/kflnsf PSn}n] ug{ g;lsg] ePsfn] ;a} gu/jf;Lsf] ;xof]u rflxg] atfpg' ePsf] lyof] . cg'udgdf of]hgf k|d'v o1 a}w, j8f gDj/ % sf j8f cWoIf an/fd clwsf/L, j8f ;b:ox? nufotsf] ;xeflutf /x]sf] lyof] . j8f cWoIf an/fd clwsf/Ln] j8f gDa/ % sf ;a} of]hgf ;Demf}tf e}O{;s]sf / a}zfv;Dd ;Sg] atfpg' eof] . s]lx gu/ :t/Lo of]hgf ;DkGg e}O{;s]sf / s]lx lgdf{0f r/0fdf /x]sf] cWoIf clwsf/L] atfpg' eof] .

kgf}tL gu/kflnsf ;fIf/ 3f]if0ff

jif{ @^ c+s & @)&^ d+l;/ @^ ut] ljxLjf/

w'lnv]ndf g;{x?nfO{ l;lkcf/cf/ tflnd w'lnv]n÷g]kfn k]l8of6««Ls ;f] ; fO{ 6 L -g] k f;_ / k] l 8of6« « L s gl;ËP;f]l;o;g -lkgfg_ sf] cfof]hgf eQmk'/ / w'lnv]nsf] b'O{ c:ktfnsf afn ljefudf sfo{/t jfn /f]u ;DalGw lrlsT;s / g;{x?sf] nflu Ps lbg] rfO{N8 k|f]6]S;g, l/sulgzg P08 /];kf]G;\ l;lkcf/cf/_ tflnd ;DkGg ePsf] 5 . ;f] b rfON8 d] lne o"s] / x]Ny PS;r]Gh g]kfn o"s] sf] ;xof]udf eQmk'/ l:yt l;l4 :d[lt afn tyf dlxnf c:ktfn / sf7df8f}+ ljZjljBfnosf] lzIf0f c:ktfn w'lnv]ndf pQm tflnd lbOPsf] xf] . eQmk'/df lbO{Psf] tflnddf sf7df08f}, nlntk"/ / eQmk"/sf ljleGg c:ktfndf sfo{/t @$ hgf lrlsT;s tyf g;{x? ;xefuL lyP . ;f] tflnddf g]kfn tyf ;+o'Qm clw/fHo -o"s]_ df sfo{/t lrlsT;s tyf g;{x?åf/f ;xlhs/0f ul/Psf] lyof] . sf7df8f} + ljZjljBfno w' l nv] n c:ktfndf lbOPsf] tflnddf ;f] c:ktfnsf] afn ljefudf sfo{/t lrlsT;s, g;{ tyf afn :jf:Yo ;DalGw kf]i6 u|fh'P6 txdf cWoog/t lrlsT;s tyf g;{x? ul/ #! hgfsf] ;xeflutf /x]sf]

lyof] . tflndsf] ;xlhs/0f ug]{ g]kfn k]l8of6««Ls ;f];fO{6Lsf lrlsT;s 8f= /fdx/L rfFkfufO{n] hfgsf/L lbPcg';f/ Pslbg] tflnddf ;DalGwt 8fS6/ tyf g;{x?nfO{ afn clwsf/ tyf afn ;/f]sf/sf ljleGg kIfx?, g]kfndf ePsf ljBdfg sfg'gx?, afnaflnsfdf x'g] ljleGg lx+;f, b'Jo{jxf/ tyf ljleGg dfgl;s tyf zfl//Ls rf]6k6s kQf nufpg] tl/sf tyf ;f]sf] /f]syfdsf] nflu g]kfnsf] ljBdfg Aoj:yfsf] jf/]df hfgsf/L u/fOPsf] lyof] . of] tflnddf ;+o'Qm clw/fHo o"s]_ sf] cg'ej ;d]t cfbfgk|bfg ePsf] o"s]df sfo{/t jfn/f]u ljz]if1 8f= hd'gf cfrfo{n] atfpg'eof] . afn clwsf/sf] ljZjAofkL cjwf/0ff / ljleGg cle;lGwx?df g]kfnkIf /s]sf] tyf g]kfndf ;d]t ljleGg ;j}wflgs Pj+ sfg'gL aGbf] j :t e} ;s] s f] kl/k| ] I odf afnaflnsfsf] j[xQ/ ;+/If0fsf] nflu jfnjflnsfdf ;dlk{t lrlsT;s tyf g;{x?sf] Ifdtf clej[lå sfo{qmdnfO{ ;a} k|b]zdf ;+rfng ug{ k|of;/t /x]sf] g]kfn k]l8ofl6««s ;f];fO{6L -g]kf;_ n] hgfPsf] 5 .

kgf}tL gu/kflnsf gu/ sfo{kflnsfsf] sfof{no

b'O{ >LdtLn]===================== 5f]/Lx? dWo] h]7L 5f]/L hGdl;4 lx8\g g;Sg] ckfË l5g\ . d]/f] pgL alxgL xf] . d]/f] a'jf / pgsf] a'af d ghlGdb} cnUu} eO{ a;]sf /x]5g\ lghx?sf] / xfd|f] 3/ tndfly glhs} /x]sf] 5 . d / pgL ;fg} b]vL ;Fu} vfg] a:g] u/]sf lyof}+ . Toltv]/ d !@ aif{sf] / pgL !) aif{sf] lyO{g\ . xfdL ;+u} v]Ng] ;+u} ;'Tg] a:g] ubf{ alxgL / d b'a} hgf sk8f gnufO{ ;'Tb} cfPsf lyof} . Tolta]nf b]lv g} pgn] / d}n] ;xdtLdf g} zfl//Ls ;DaGw /fVb} cfPsf lyof}+ . kl5 d !^ aif{sf] x'Fbf cf]vN9'+uf 3/ x'g] c~hnL :ofªaf];Fu k|]d ljjfx u/L @ dlxgf ;Fu} a:of}+ . >LdtLn] d sf7df08f} lt/ a:5' eg]/ dnfO{ 5f8L uPkl5 p;nfO{ 5fl8lbPF . ^ dlxgf kl5 csL{ ;'lgtf tfdfª;Fu k|]d ljjfx u/L 3/hd u/L a:g yfn]+ . ;f]lx qmddf @)&^ ;fn >fj0f d;fGtdf pgL dfO{t uO{ al;g\ . k6s–k6s d}n] 3/ cfpg cfu|x u/]+ . cfh;Dd klg pgL 3/df cfpg rflxgg\ . tLg k6s ;Dd lng hfFbf cfpg gdfg] kl5 d 3/df a;L s[lif k]zf g} ul/ al;/x]+ . >LdtL dfO{t uO{ a;]kl5 3/df a:bf ckfËtf ePsL alxgL a:g] 8]/f sf]7fdf uO{ a:g] u/]sf] lyPF . sfsf / sfsL cfˆgf] 3/df a:g' x'G5 . alxgL, efO{ / slxn] sfFxL d ;d]t xh'/cfdfsf] 3/df uO{ a:g] u/]sf] lyof}+ . pgs} efO{ / d]/f] @)&^ ;fnsf] ljhof bzdLsf] cl3Nnf] lbg emu8f k¥of] . d;Fu emu8f k/] kl5 p cfkm\g} 3/df uP/ ;'Tg yfNof] . alxgL xh'/cfdf ;+u} al;/x]sL lyO{g\ . xh'/cfdfsf] 3/df aflx/ vf6 xfnL ;'Tg] / a:g] u/]sf] lyof] . @)&^ ;fnsf] bz}+sf] k"l0f{df kl5 xh'/cfdfsf] 5f]/L d]/f] km'k'x? ltxf/df a'af sfsfx?nfO{ l6sf nufpg gcfpg] eP kl5 d sf7df08f} lt/ cfp5' elg xh'/cfdf sf7df8f} 5f]/Lsf] 3/ lt/ uO{ a:g' eof] d xh'/cfdfsf] 3/ aflx/ vf6 xfnL ;'Tg yfn]+ . alxgL xh'/cfdf ;'Tg] 3/ leq ;'Tb} cfPsL lyO{g\ . @)&^ sflt{s @÷# ut] alxgL cfdf a'af;Fu uO{ al;g\ . pgL 3/ leq PSn} ePsf] df}sf 5f]kL ;fg}df pgL;Fu u/]sf] Aojxf/ ;Demg k'u]+ . clg k'gM Ps k6s zfl//Ls ;Dks{ /fVg] of]hgfsf ;fy /ftsf] * ah] ha/h:tL s/0fL u/]+ . s/0fL u/L ;s]kl5 d aflx/ cfO{ ;'t]+ . @)&^ sflt{s !) ut] ufFpdf uO{ dfbs kbfy{ ;]jg u/L ;'Tg] tof/Ldf lyPF . xh'/cfdfsf]df cfO{ vfgf vfg nfUbf 3/sf] 9f]sf aGb /x]sf] / 9f]sf vf]n alxgL eGbf 9f]sf gvf]lnP kl5 6«i6 nufPsf] pQm 3/sf] larsf] kvf{naf6 dfyL r9L x]bf{ pgL vf6df ;'tL /x]sf] b]v]+ . To; lbg klg d}n] ha{hl:t u/]+ . ;fgf]df yfxf gkfP/ s/0fL u/]+ . kl5 hfgLhfgL b'O{ >LdtLn] 5f8]kl5 pgnfO{ ha{hl:t u/]+ .Ú cleefjsx?sf] ph'/Ls} cfwf/df pgnfO{ kqmfp ul/Psf] k|x/Ln] hfgsf/L lbPsf] 5 .

lkkN'; ;fsf;]sf] ;j]f sG]b| ;db'3\f6g

kgf}tL, sfe|]knf~rf]s

lj1fkg s/ ;+sng ;DaGwL l;naGbL k|:tfa cfXjfgsf] ;"rgf -k|yd k6s k|sflzt ldlt M@)&^.)*.@^_

o; gu/kflnsf If]q leqsf] ljleGg :yfgdf ljleGg Jofj;flos ;fdfu|Lx?sf] lj1fkg tyf k|rf/ k|;f/sf nflu /flvPsf] xf]l8{Ëaf]8{, t'n Jofg/, leQ] n]vg, l8lh6n af]8{ nufotsf] cf=j= @)&^.@)&& sf] lj1fkg s/ ;+sngsf] nflu b]xfosf] zt{sf] kl/lw leq /xL l;nalGb k|:tfj k]z ug]{ k|of]hgsf] nflu of] ;"rgf k|sfzg ul/Psf] 5 .

kgf}tL÷kgf}tL gu/kflnsfn] gu/ leqsf (% k|ltzt gful/sx? ;fIf/ eP ;Fu} kgf}tL gu/kflnsfnfO{ ;fIf/ 3f]if0ff u/]sf] 5 . k|ltlglw ;ef ;b:o u+uf axfb'/ bf]ªn] Ps sfo{qmdsf lar ;fIf/ gu/ 3f]if0f ug{' ePsf] 5 . sfo{qmddf af]Nb} bf]ªn] gu/ ;fIf/ dfq} xf]O{g x/]s ljsf; lgdf{0fdf kgf}tL gu/kflnsf cufl8 a9]sf] atfpg' eof] . …;'vL g]kfnL ;d[4 g]kfnÚ agfpg] cleofgdf ;a} hgk|ltgLwL, gu/jf;L nfUg' kg{]df bf]ªn] hf]8 lbg' ePsf] lyof] . lzIff g} ljsf;sf] klxnf] cfwf/ ePsfn] gu/ ;fIf/ 3f]if0ff dfq} u/]/ gk'Ug] ePsfn] k|fljlws lzIff k|bfg ul/ /f]huf/ d'ns agfpg nfUg' kg{] pxfFn] atfpg' eof] . lzIffn] g}lts lhDa]jf/, /f]huf/L, k|fljlws / ;dfgtfsf] lzIff cfjZostf ePsfn] /fHon] lzIffdf u/]sf] nufgL v]/ hfg lbg gx'g] ;d]t bf]ªsf] egfO{ lyof] . sfo{qmddf k|ltlgwL ;ef ;b:o /fdx/L ;'j]bLn] gu/ u|fdL0f If]qsf] afx'Notf /x]sf] ePklg ;a} If]qdf k'uL gu/nfO{ g}

;fIf/ agfPsf]df awfO{ lbPsf lyP . gu/ k|d'v led Gof}kfg]n] gu/kflnsfn] lzIffnfO{ klxnf] k|fyldstfdf /fvL ah]6 ljlgof]hLt u/]sf] atfpg' eof] . gu/df Pp6} lzIff k|0ffnL k/LIff lsl;d, ljBfno kf]zfs nufot vfhf sfo{qmdx? nfu' ul/Psf] ;d]t gu/ k|d'v Gof}kfg]n] atfpg' eof] . sfo{qmddf gu/kflnsf k|d'v k|zf;lso clws[t xl/k|;fb rfkfufO{, k|b]z g+= # sf lzIff lgb{]zs rGb| n'O{6]n, lhNnf ;dGjo k|d'v p4a s];L, ;xfos k|d'v lhNnf clwsf/L nIdLb]jL xf]d]ufO{, pk k|d'v lutf a~hf/f, lzIff zfvf k|d'v dw';'bg clwsf/L, j8f g+= # sf j8f cWoIf tyf ;fdflhs ljsf; zfvf ;+of]hs lszf]/ yfkf, al/i7 k|zf;lso clws[t O{Gb|k|;fb clwsf/L, ;fd'bfoLs ljBfnosf tkm{af6 pdf?b| a:g]t, KofA;g sfe|]sf cWoIf k'0f{s'df/ >]i7 nufotsf AolQmn] z'esfdgf dGtAo /fVg' ePsf] lyof] . sfo{qmd gu/ k|d'v led Gof}kfg]sf] ;efkltTjdf ;DkGg ePsf] lyof] eg] ;+rfng dx]Zj/ h+udn] ug{' ePsf] lyof] .

>L ;ftd"n dfWolds ljBfno

zt{x? != of] ;"rgf k|sflzt ePsf] ldltn] !% kGw| lbgsf] sfof{no ;do leq ?=!))).–cIf]?lk Ps xhf/ dfq_ b:t'/ lt/L lj1fkg s/ ;+sng ;DaGwL k|:tfj kmf/fd vl/b ug{ ;lsg]5 . @= k|:tfj kmf/fd ;"rgf k|sflzt ldltn] !^ -;f]x|_cf}+ lbgsf] !@M)) ah] leq o; sfof{nodf l;nalGb ul/ k]z ul/;Sg'kg]{5 . o;/L l/tk"j{s k|fKt x'g cfPsf] l;naGbL k|:tfjx? ;f]xL lbgsf] @M)) ah] k|:tfjbftf jf lghsf] k|ltlgwL / sfof{nosf k|ltlglwx?sf] /f]xa/df vf]lng]5 . k|:tfjbftf jf lghsf] k|ltlglw pkl:yt geP klg k|:tfj kmf/fd vf]Ng s'g} afwf kg]{5}g . #= k|:tfj kmf/fd aflx/ k|:tfj bftfn] cfk\mgf] gfd, 7]ufgf, ;Dks{ g+= tyf ljifo :ki6 ;+u pNn]v ug'{ kg]{5 . $= lj1fkg s/ afkt aflif{s d'=c=s/ afx]ssf] Go"gtd c+s ?=@,%),))).– -b'O{ nfv krf; xhf/ dfq_ sfod ul/Psf]5 . k|:tfjsn] lj1fkg s/ /sd saf]n ubf{ Go"gtd c+sdf g36g] u/L cfk'mn] sa'n u/]sf] lj1fkg s/ jfktsf] /sd c+s / cIf/df :ki6 ?kdf pNn]v ug'{kg]{5 . %= k|:tfjsn] k|:tfjdf saf]n u/]sf] s'n /sdsf] %) k|ltztn] x'g cfpg] /sd gu/ sfo{kflnsfsf] vftfdf hDdf u/]sf] a}+s ef}r/ / afFsL %) k|ltztsf] xsdf @)&& cfiff9 ;Dd Dofb ePsf] a}+s sfo{ ;Dkfbg hdfgL k]z u/] kZrft dfq ;Demf}tf ul/g]5 . ^= k|:tfjsn] saf]n u/]sf] /sdsf] % k|ltztsf b/n] x'g cfpg] /sd o; sfof{nosf] g]kfn a}+s ln= kgf}tL zfvfdf /x]sf] w/f}6L vftf g+= )())#))))))))#)))))@ df hDdf u/]sf] ;Ssn} ef}r/ jf g]kfn ;/sf/af6 dfGotf k|fKt a}+saf6 hf/L ePsf] () lbg Dofb ePsf] lj8 a08 ;+nUg u/L k]z ug'{ kg]{5 . &= k|:tfj k]z ubf{ cBfjlws Joa;fo btf{ k|df0fkq, cfly{s jif{ @)&%.)&^ ;Ddsf] s/ r'Qmfsf] k|df0f kqsf] k|ltlnkL tyf :yfoL n]vf gDa/sf] k|dfl0ft k|ltlnlk clgafo{ k]z ug'{kg]{5 . *= cGo s'/f k|rlnt cfly{s P]g, lgod cg';f/ x'g]5 . lj:t[t s'/f a'em\g' k/]df sfof{no ;do leq o; sfof{nosf] s/ pkzfvfdfdf ;Dks{ /fVg ;lsg]5 .

gdf]a'4 g=kf=–%, sfe]|

xflb{s awfO{

lzIfs cfjZostf ;"rgf k|sflzt ldlt M @)&^÷*÷@@

cWoIf efn ] f yfkf, al/i7 nfs ] ufos dR5Z]j/ ;fksf6]f, ;r + fns ;ldlt, nv ] f ;ldlt ;Nnfxsf/, pk;ldlt, sdr { f/L, ;b:ox? nufotsf] pkl:ylt /xs ] f] lyof] . kgft}L a;kfs{ sz ' fbl]j/f8], kgft}L–&, ;:+yfsf] ;j]f sG]bn | ] kgft}L / kgft}L cf;kf;sf Hofnfkf6L, P/]LufpF, sz ' fbj]L, /ofn] vfk]f;L ;G'yfg ay]fgrfs ] uf=kf=sf ;b:ox?sf] dfuadfl]hd sf/fa]f/df ;xhtf Nofpg] ljZjf; lnPsf] 5 .

ck0{f ;fsf;]sf] gjf+} aflifs { ;fwf/0f ;ef

ag]kf÷ck{0f art tyf C0f ;xsf/L ;+:yfn] cfˆgf] :yfkgfsf] ( cf}+ aflif{s ;fwf/0f ;ef ;DkGg u/]sf] 5 . sfo{ q mddf ;+ : yfsf ;lra laBfe'if0f k/fh'nLn] k|utL k|lta]bg / sf]iffWoIf lszf]/ clwsf/Ln] cfly{s k|lta]bg k|:t't ug{'ePsf] lyof] . sfo{qmddf ;+:yfdf /x]sf pTs[i6 h]i7 gful/s art stf{ ;b:o ;fgL yfkf, pTs[i6 afn arttkm{ ;dLIff ;fksf]6f, pTs[i6 C0fL laGbf k/fh'nL / pTs[i6 art stf{ ;'lgn wf}uf]8fnfO{ ;Ddfg ;d]t u/]sf] lyof] . sfo{qmd ;+:yfsf cWoIf /]zdnfn

>]i7sf] cWoIftfdf ;DkGg ePsf] lyof] . cWoIf >]i7n] sfo{qmddf af]Nb} ;xsf/Lx? ;xsf/L eGbf 6f9f hfg vf]Hbf ck{0f eg] ;b:osf] lxtdf lg/Gt/ nfu]sf] / cfufdL lbgdf ;d]t of] qmdnfO{ k5\ofpg] atfpg'eof] . ;a}sf] ;fy / dfofn] Pp6f ;d'xsf] art Aojl:yt ub}{ ubf{ ;+:yfut eP/ ( aif{ k'u]sf]df v';L nfu]sf] atfpb} cfufdL lbgdf ;b:osf] lxtdf cem ;;Qm eP/ nfUg] ;d]t k|lta2tf AoQm ug{'eof] . xfn ;+:yfdf /x]sf] ! xhf/ # ;o ;b:o ;+VofnfO @ xhf/ k'¥ofpg] / ;b:osf] art C0f k|afxdf ;d]t r':t kfl/g] cWoIf >]i7n] atfpg'eof] .

sfof{no ;/]sf] ;DaGwL ;"rgf

o; ljBfnodf l/Qm /x]sf] lgDg txsf] lgDg ljifosf] cg'bfg /fxt sf]6fdf tkl;n cg';f/sf] lzIfs kbk"lt{ ug{'kg{] ePsf]n] of]Uotf k'u]sf] OR5's g]kfnL gful/sx?af6 tf]lsPsf] ldltleq l/tk"j{s b/vf:t cfJxfg ul/G5 . tkl;n cfjZos ;+VofM )! hgf kbM— df=lj= lzIfs -cg'bfg /fxt sf]6f_ laifoM— lj1fg cfjZos Go"gtd of]UotfM— dfGotf k|fKt lzIf0f ;+:yfaf6 lj1fg ljifodf :gfts tx jf ;f] ;/x b/vf:t lbg] clGtd ldlt M@)&^.*.@@–@( ut];Dd s/f/sf nflu / v'Nnf pDd]bjf/sf] nflu @)&^.(.$ ;Dd b/vf:t b:t'/M ?= !)))÷– pd]/M—!* aif{ k'/feO{ $) aif{ ggf3]sf] b/vf:t lbg] :yfgM— ljBfno 5gf}6 k|lqmofM— lnlvt tyf cGt{jftf{ ;Dks{M (*$!^^*&&(, (&%!))*$^! k]z ug'{kg]{ sfuhftx?M !_ z}lIfs of]Uotfsf] k|df0f–kqsf] k|ltlnkL @_ cWofkg cg'dlt kqsf] k|ltlnkL #_ g]kfnL gful/stfsf] k|df0f—kqsf] k|ltlnkL $_ xfn;fn} lvlrPsf] kf;kf]6{ ;fOhsf] kmf]6f]

kgft}L÷lkkn ' ;\ art tyf C0f ;xsf/L ;:+yf ln=sf] ;j]f sG]b| ;db'3\f6g tyf sf/f] a f/ ;' e f/De sfo{ q md kgf} t L gu/kflnsfsf kd|v ' led Gofk}fgs ] f] kd|v ' cfltYotfdf ut zq'maf/ ;DkGg ePsf] 5 . ;db'3\f6g sfoq{mddf ;:+yfsf cWoIf gj/fh s=];L=, kgft}L g=kf= sfofn { osf al/i7 kz | f;sLo clwst[ OGb| k;|fb clwsf/L, kgft}L pBfu] afl0fHo ;3+sf

xfd|f cfTdLo ldq, g]kfn nfOkm OG;f]/]G; kfFrvfn pkzfvfsf z'elrGts Pj+ kfFrvfn u|Ln ;6/ pBf]usf k|aGw ;+rfns lbnaxfb'/ >]i7sf ;'k'q lbk]z >]i7sf] eQmk'/ lgjf;L dlgiff >]i7;Fu j}jflxs hLjg ;'?jft ug{'ePsf]df xflb{s awfO{ 1fkg ub{} bfDkTo hLjg ;kmntfsf] z'esfdgf

;'hg cof{n k|d'v

ljgo ;fksf]6f p4jk|;fb clwsf/L sd{rf/L

Ph]G;L d]g]h/

o'od art tyf C0f ;xsf/L ;+:yf ln= ldlt @)&^ d+l;/ @( ut]b]lv ag]kf–*, tLgbf]af6f]df /x]sf] odfxf zf]?dsf] rf}yf] tNnfaf6 sf/f]af/ ;'rf? x'g] ;Dk"0f{df hfgsf/L u/fO{G5 . ;Dks{ M )!!–^^@&%*, (*)!!)%%&!

xflb{s awfO{

g]kfn nfO{km OG;'/]G; s+= ln= kl/jf/ kfFrvfn pkzfvf, sfe|]

xfd|f] alxgL dxfef/t * 3tL{5fk y'DsL lgjf;L -v';axfb'/ cfn] / k~rdfof cfn]sf] ;'k'qL_ x]df cfn] -s'df/L_ sf] tgx'F lgjf;L b]j yfkf;Fu d+l;/ ^ ut] j}jflxs hLjg ;'?cft ug{'ePsf]df xflb{s awfO{ 1fkg ub{} bfDkTo hLjg ;kmntfsf] z'esfdgf JoQm ub{5f}+ .

/]vaxfb'/ /vfn tyf

/vfn kl/jf/ dxfef/t–# b]p/fnL, sfe|]

*

r]i6f ;fKtflxs

ckf·tf dlxnfnfO{ ;xof]u

ag]kf÷dlxnf ;/f]sf/ ;d"xsf] cfof]hgfdf eQmk'/ gu/kflnsf j8f g @ Aof;Ldf l:yt /x]sf] ;dfgtfsf nflu cfjfh ;+:yfåf/f ;+rflnt ;dfgtf cfjfh u[xdf /xg' ePsf hl6n k|s[ltsf ckf+utf ePsf, k"0f{ czQm tyf clt czQm cf7hgf ckfËtf ePsf dlxnfx?nfO{ hf8f]sf] nflu cfjZos Gofgf] sk8f Hofs]6, 6f]kL, df]hf nufotsf ;fdfu|Lx? ljt/0f ul/Psf] 5 . hf8f]sf nflu Gofgf] sk8fsf ;fy} vfhf v'jfpg] sfo{qmd dlxnf ;/f]sf/ ;d'xn] u/]sf] xf] . sfo{qmdsf] nflu cfjZos cfly{s /sd dlxnf ;/f]sf/ ;d"xn] lbkfjnL @)&^ df b]p;L e}nf] sfo{qmd dfkm{t ;s+ng

u/]sf] lyof] . sfo{qmddf ;xof]uL /f]huf/ tyf dlN6kkf]{h k|f=ln / cfofd art tyf C0f ;xsf/L ;+:yfsf k|ltlglwsf] pkl:ylt tyf ;xof]u /x]sf] lyof] . gu/kflnsf, lab]zL ;+:yf / ljleGg :s'nn] ;xof]u u/] klg xfn ;xof]u gePsfn] u[x ;Grfng ug{ ;d:of ePsf] / ckf+utf ePsf dlxnfx?df ljleGg sfd ug]{ zlQm eP klg cj;/ gkfPsf] u'gf;f] u[xsf cWoIf /fdk|;fb dfgGw/n] ug{' eof] . sfo{qmd ;+of]hg b[li6 lalxg cf:df cof{nn] ;xof]u ug{' ePsf] lyof] . sfo{qmddf dlxnf ;/f]sf/ ;d'x / ;xof]uL /f]huf/ tyf dlN6kkf{]hsf ;+rfnsx?sf] ;xeflutf /x]sf] ;lrj ;Demgf vltj8fn] atfpg' eof] .

jif{ @^ c+s & @)&^ d+l;/ @^ ut] ljxLjf/

h]]l;hsf] sfo{sfl/0fL pkfWoIf afnaflnsfnfO{ sk8f ljt/0f kbdf ?sd0fLsf] pDd]bjf/L sfe÷ |] gk]fn hl];hsf] cf;Gg $^ cf+} /fli6o« dxflwjz ] gdf sfes |] f] es'08]a];L h]l;hsf] kl|tlglwTj ub{} l;g6]/ ?sd0fL l;Ubn ] n] /fli6o« sfos { fl/0fL pkfWoIf kbdf pDd]bjf/L lbPsL l5g\ . ;g @)!* df es0'8a]z ] L zfvf cWoIf, @)!( df /fli6o« pkfWoIf xbF'} @)@) sf] nflu /fli6o« sfos { fl/0fL pkfWoIf kbsf] nflu pDdb]jf/L lbPsL xg' . pQm kbsf nflu g]kfnel/af6 $ If]qdf $ hgf lahoL x'g]5g\

. pQm kbdf lahoL ePkl5 pgL /fli6«o cWoIfsf] pDd]bjf/sf] nflu klg cfufdL aif{sf] nflu of]Uotf xfl;n ug{] l5g . sfe|] lhNnfaf6 pQm kbdf pDd]bjf/L lbg] pgL klxnf] dlxnf x'g . k|To]s aif{ Ps AolQm Ps kb, Ps sfo{sfn h]l;h g]t[Tjsf] cGt/fli6«o lgod /x]sf] 5 . dxflwj]zg e/tk'/ lrtjg df cfufdL kf}if ( b]lv !@ -cyf{t @%–@* _ l8;]Da/df ;DkGg x'b}5 . b] z e/Laf6 !%) zfvfn] dxflwj]zg ;xeflutf hgfpg] 5g\ .

ofu] ;x–lzIf0f kl|zIf0f ;dfkg

wl'nvn] & df 8:6ljg ljt/0f

w'lnv]n gu/ j8f g+= & df Joj;fo btf{ u/]sf Joj;foL tyf ;+rfnsx?nfO{ 8:6lag ljt/0f u/]sf] 5 . w'lnv]n gu/kflnsf j8f g+= & sf] cfof]hgfdf ;DkGg pQm sfo{qmddf gu/kflnsfsf k|d'v czf]s Jof~h'n] pQm 8:6lag ljt/0f u/]sf x'g\ . w'lnv]n gu/ ;'Gb/ gu/sf] ?kdf klxrfg u/fpgsf nflu w' l nv] n sf x/] s Joj;fo tyf snsf/vfgfx?af6 lg:sg] kmf]xf]/d}nfx?nfO{ Jojl:yt ug{sf nflu pQm 8:6lag ljt/0f ul/Psf] j8f cWoIf

/f]dLk|;fb Jof~h"n] atfP . sfo{qmddf gu/k|d'v czf]s Jof~h"n] w'lnv]nnfO{ ;kmf gu/sf] ?kdf lrgfpg gu/jf;Ls} xftdf /x]sf] / o;sf] nflu gu/kflnsfn] cfjZos ;xof]u ug{] atfpg'eof] . gu/k|d'v Jof~h"n] ljt/0f ul/Psf 8:6lagnfO{ k"0f{?kdf ;b'kof]u ug{sf nflu gu/jf;Lx?nfO{ cfu|x u/]sf 5g\ . sfo{qmddf & g+= j8fdf Joj;fo btf{ u/]sf Joj;foLx?n] pQm 8:6lag k|fKt u/]sf x'g\ . sfo{qmd ;+rfng ;lrj w|'jk|;fb k/fh'nLn] u/]sf lyP .

ag]kf÷ef/tsf] xl/åf/ l:yt kt+hnL of]u lk7df :jfdL /fdb]j cfrfo{af6 cfufdL kf}if ! ut]b]lv % lbg;Dd ljif] z u/L g] k fnL of] u ;fwsx?sf] nfuL dfq k|lzIf0f lbO{g] ePsf] ePsf] 5 . pQm k|lzIf0fnfO{ dWogh/ /fVb} kt+hnL of]u ;ldlt sfe|]n] ag]kf, kgf}tL, w'lnv]n / kfFrvfn gu/df ;DkGg of]u ;x–lzIfs k|lzIf0f ;dfkg sfo{qmd kt+hnL of]u ;ldlt k|b]z g= # sf cWoIf u|f]ljg tf}hn]sf] k|d'v cfltYotfdf ;dfkg sfo{qmd cfof]hgf u/]sf] 5 . . pQm ;dfkg sfo{qmddf k|d'v cltly tf}hn]n] ! ;o @! hgf k|lzIffyL{x?nfO{ lbIffGtsf] k|df0f kq ljt/0f ug{' ePsf] lyof] . sfo{qmddf ef/tsf] xl/åf/df cfof]hgf x'g] g]kfnLx?sf] nflu ljz]if

x/]s ljxLjf/

r]i6f ;fKtflxs vf]hLvf]hL k9f}+

;Kt/L÷g]kfn n]vfk9L Aoa;foL ;+3 sfe|]sf cWoIf /f]zg s'df/ >]i7n] cfkm' hGd]sf] x's{]sf] / k9]sf] ljBfno >L klAns k|fylds ljBfno sGrgk'/df AolQmut ?kdf Gofgf] sk8f ljt/0f ug{' ePsf] 5 . ljt/0f sfo{qmddf s+rgk'/ gu/kflnsfsf gu/ k|d'v a;Gt s'df/ ld>|sf] k|d'v cfltYotf /x]sf] lyof] . sfo{qmddf gu/ k|d'v ld>|n] o:tf ;xof]uL xftx?nfO{ gu/kflnsfn] ;w} :jfut ug{] atfpg' eof] . gu/kflnsf dfq PSn}n] ;a} sfd ug{ g;Sg] ePsfn] ;xof]uL ;3+ ;+:yf AolQm ldn]/ ljsf; ug{'kg{] pxfFn] atfpg'

of]u k|lzIf0fdf g]kfn clw/fHoaf6 @ xhf/ xf/fxf/Ldf of]u ;x–lzIfsx? ;xefuL x'g] / lhNnfaf6 lhNnfaf6 ^% hgf ;fwsx? ;xefuL x'g] pQm k|lzIf0fdf kt+hnL of]u ;ldlt sfe|]sf pkfWoIf xl/z/0f >]i7sf] ;+of]hsTjdf e|d0f 6f]nL u7g ul/Psf] hgfPsf] 5 . sfo{qmddf 6«:6 ;b:o p¢j ltdlN;gf, dlxnf cWoIf cGhgf >]i7, ag]kf gu/ cWoIf sdnf /fhe08f/Ln] z'esfdgf dGtJo /fVg' ePsf] lyof] . sfo{qmd kt+hnL of]u ;ldlt sfe| ] s f cWoIf bdgs' d f/ >] i 7sf] ;efkltTjdf ;DkGg ePsf] of]u k|lzIfs ldngeQm >]i7n] hfgsf/L lbg' eof] .

sd{rf/L cfjZostf k|ydk6s k|sflzt M @)&^ d+l;/ @^ ut] ljxLjf/

pu|r08L s[lif ahf/ k|f=ln= ag]kf gu/kflnsf j8f g+= #, z]/f

www.cheshtaweekly.com.np

efjk"0f{ >4f~hnL hGd !((@.^.!)

eof] . ljBfnonfO{ gu/s} gd'gf ljBfno agfpg nfluPsf] ;d]t gu/ k|d'v ld>n] jtfpg' ePsf] lyof] . Gofgf] sk8f ljt/0fdf ljBfnosf ! ;o *& hgf ljBfyL{x?nfO{ 6«ofs ;'6 ljt/0f ul/Psf] lyof] . :juL{o xh'/a'af s[i0faxfb'/ >]i7 / xh'/cfdf pdfb]jL >]i7 Pj+ dfdf uf]j{4g >]i7sf] k|]/0ffaf6 pQm 6«ofs;'6 ljt/0f ul/Psf] /f]zg s'df/ >]i7n] atfpg' eof] . sfo{qmddf s+rgk'/ gu/kflnsf j8f gDj/ * sf j8f cWoIf /fhs'df/ zfx, ljBfno Aoa:yfkg ;ldltsf cWoIf gf/fo0f ld>, ;b:o nId0f ;/bf/, :yfgLo ;dfh;]jL tyf kqsf/ ef]nf kf;jfg, lzIfs ljBfyL{ nufotsf] ;xeflutf /x]sf] lyof] .

#

:juf{/f]x0f @)&^.*.!% pu|r08L s[lif ahf/ k|f=ln= ag]kf gu/kflnsf j8f g+= # sf] sfof{no,z]/f

:j= th ] sfhL ;fh +] " xfd|f cfTdLo ldq tyf kf;fk'rM ef]tsf ;b:o cf]dbofn ;f]+h"sf k"hgLo lktf tyf cf/tL >]i7sf k"hgLo ;;'/f t]hsfhL ;f]+hs " f] c;fdlos lgwg ePsf]df lbu+jt cfTdfk|lt efjk"0f{ >4f~hnL ck{0f ub}{ zf]s;GtKt kl/jf/hgdf xflb{s ;dj]bgf k|s6 ub{5f}+ .

s[i0frGb|÷ljdnf dfgGw/ x]dGt÷;'lznf k|wfg k|sfz÷c~h' ef]l5ef]of ;ToZj/÷;'eb|f ds} >]i7 /d]zk|;fb÷s?0ff >]i7 /fdeQm÷/f]zgL >]i7 dx]Gb|÷/rgf jfb] a'l4bf;÷kfj{tL >]i7 dx]Zj/÷ljdnf >]i7 ?ks÷;gd >]i7 /d]z÷;/f]hgL >]i7 ;'/]z÷rGb| >]i7 l;h{gf ef]l5ef]of

kf;fk'rM ef]t kl/jf/, sfe|]

pu|r08L s[lif ahf/ k|f=ln= ag]kf g=kf=–#, z]/f, sfe|]knf~rf]s

kmf]g g+= (*$!(!*)%$

efjk"0f{ >4f~hnL hGd @))(.!.@)

:juf{/f]x0f @)&^.*.@@

:j= /fdsi[0f sdfr { fo{ o; ;dfhsf lgjt{dfg ;lrj Pj+ ;dfh;]jL /fds[i0f sdf{rfos { f] c;fdlos lgwg ePsf]df lbu+jt cfTdfk|lt efjk"0f{ >4f~hnL ck{0f ub}{ zf]s;GtKt kl/jf/hgdf xflb{s ;dj]bgf k|s6 ub{5f}+ .

o'4axfb'/ yfkf

k|sfz yfkf

cWoIf

;lrj

>L av'08f]n Eof08f]n ;fdflhs tyf z}lIfs ;/f]sf/ ;dfh kl/jf/ w'lnv]n–$, sfe|]

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r]i6f ;fKtflxs

jif{ @^ c+s & @)&^ d+l;/ @^ ut] ljxLjf/

nl+}us lx;+f ;DalGw agk]fdf ;rt]gf

ljBfno k'glg{df{0fdf 5nf·

kgf}tLdf cGt{lqm{of, !# txdf ljljlw sfo{qmd

‘casf] r'gfjdf s;}n] ljBfno agfp“5' eGg kfp“b}g’–dGqL af:sf]6f

e'Dn'÷g]kfn ;/sf/sf k|jQmf Pj+ ;~rf/ tyf ;"rgf k|ljlw dGqL uf] s ' n k| ; fb afF : sf] 6 fn] lzIffnfO{ cfo–cfh{ g ;F u hf] 8 \ g ;Sg' k g{ ] d f hf]8\lbg'ePsf] 5 . pxfFn] ;fj{hlgs lzIffsf] dxTj a9fpFb} uPsfn] lzIffnfO{ ;j{;'nesf ;fy} cfocfh{gdf hf]8\g' kg{]df hf]8 lbg'eof] . dGqL af:sf]6fn] @)&& leq} lhNnfsf ;a} ljBfnosf] k'glg{df{0f ;DkGg ug{] u/L sfo{ eO{/x]sfn] casf] lgjf{rgsf s;}n] klg ljBfno agfpF5' eGb} dt dfUg' gkg{] atfpg' ePsf] 5 . lhNnfsf] sf]zLkf/L l:yt e'Dn' ufpFkflnsfsf] l;DynL l:yt c?0ff]bo dfWolds laBfnosf] gjlgld{t !* sf]7] ejgsf] x:tfGt/0f tyf pb\3f6g ub{} dGqL afF:sf]6fn] ;fd'bflos ljBfnosf] lzIffnfO{ u'0f:t/Lo agfpFb} n}hfg] atfpg'eof] . dGqL afF:sf]6fn] lstfjdf n]lvPsf] dfq} geO{ aflx/L 1fg, ;fdflhs 1fg / k|of]ufTds 1fgsf] lzIff k|bfg ug{ ;'emfj lbg' eof] . ;/sf/n] x/]s If]qsf] ljsf;nfO{ u'0f:t/Lo agfpFb} nu]sf] atfpFb}

dGqL af:sf]6fn] lzIffdf ef}lts k"jf{wf/;Fu} gofF lzIff gLlt dfkm{t Aojxf/Ls / ljBfyL{x?n] cWoog;Fu} cfocfh{g ug{ ;Sg] vfnsf] lzIff pknAw u/fpg] u/L ;/sf/n] lg0f{o u/]sf] atfpg' eof] . ;d'bfon] x/]s ljsf;nfO{ ;+/If0f ug{'kg{] atfpFb} dGqL af:sf]6fn] ljsf;nfO{ ;b'kof]u / u'0f:t/Lo agfpg' kg{]df hf]8 lbg'eof] . gLlh If]qsf] lzIffdf cfsif{0f a9]sf] ;fd'bflos ljBfnon] u'0f:t/Lo lzIff k|bfg ubf{ gLlh If]qsf] eGbf w]/} ef}lts k"jf{wf/ nufotsf] Aoj:yf ePsfn] ljBfyL{x?sf] /f]hfO{ aGg] u/L sfo{ ug{ lzIfs / cleefjsx?nfO{ cg'/f]w ug{' eof] . d'n'ssf] ljsf;df ;fd'bflos ljBfnosf] dxTjk"0f{ e"ldsf ePsfn] ;fd'bflos ljBfno k|ltsf] u'0f:t/ cfsif{0f a9fpg' kg{]df dGqL af:sf]6fn] hf]8 lbg'eof] . e'Dn' ufpFkflnsfsf] l;DynLsf] c?0ff]bo / rf}af;df /x]sf] ;]tLb]jL dfljsf] pb\3f6g;Fu} dGqL af:sf]6fn] c;n gLlt / c;n sfof{Gjog k|fyldstfdf /x]sf] atfpg' eof] . >lds zlQmsf] ;Ddfg ub{} hxfF gful/s ToxfF

ljsf; eGg] cleofgnfO{ lta| agfO{Psf] dGqL af:sf] 6 fn] atfpg' eof] . gful/sx?nfO{ ljsf;df u'0f:t/ sfod u/L ;dod} ;DkGg ug{] lgb{]zg lbb} dGqL af:sf]6fn] d'n'sdf pTkfbg s]Gb| agfpg] u/L sfo{ cuf8L a9fO{Psf] atfpg' eof] . sfo{qmddf k|b]z ;ef ;b:o nId0f nD;fnn] d'n'sn] tof/ ug{] gLlt dxTjk"0f{ ePsfn] Tolx gLlt cg';f/ ljsf; sfo{ cufl8 a9fpg' kg{] atfpg' eof] . lhNnf ;dGjo ;ldlt sfe|]sf k|d'v p4j s];Ln] lzIff dxTjk"0f{ ePsfn] To;sf nflu cfjZos kg{] k"jf{wf/ lgdf{0fsf nflu hf]8 lbPsf] atfpg'eof] . @)&& r}q leq lhNnfsf ;a} ljBfnox?sf] k'glg{df{0fsf nflu b|'t ultdf lgdf{0f sfo{ eO{/x]sf] atfpg' eof] . e'Dn' ufpFkflnsf cWoIf u'dfgWjh s'Fj/n] ljBfnosf] k"j{wf/ lgdf{0f;Fu} ca u'0f:t/Lotfdf Wofg lbg ;Sg'kg{]df hf]8\lbg'eof] . lhNnf ;dGjo ;ldlt sfe|]sf ;b:o k|]d nfdf, ljBfnosf k|wfgfWofksx?, cWoIfx?, lzIfsx?n] ljBfnosf] z}lIfs u'0f:t/ sfod /fVg ;Sg' kg{]df hf]8 lbPsf lyP .

wdfwd ejg lgdf{0f

sfe| ] k nf~rf] s lhNnfdf e'sDkkl5 ljBfnox?sf] k'glg{df{0fn] lta|tf kfPsf] 5 . @)&& r}q d;fGt leq ;DkGg ul/;Sg] u/L ljBfnox?sf] lgdf{0f sfo{nfO{ lta|tf lbO{Psf] 5 . lhNnfdf Pl;ofnL ljsf; a}+ssf] C0f ;xof]udf sflnb]jL k|f lj, l;DynL, ho ;/:jtL k|flj, HofDbL, sflnb]jL k|flj, d08gb]pk'/, ;]ltb]lj k|flj sfgk'/, hgtf k|flj gdf]a'4, dfxfsfnL k|flj gdf]a'4, /Qmsfln k|flj gdf]a'4, v8s]Zj/L k|flj rfkfvf]/L, hghfu[lt k|flj kfrvfn, hg;]jf k|flj d08gb]pk'/, dfxf+sfn k|flj 6's'rf, hghfu/0f k|flj kfrvfn, u+ufb]lj k|flj kfr F vfn, dfxfb]j

k|flj d08gb]pk'/ lgdf{0f ;DkGg ePsf 5g\ .

To:t} Pl;ofnL ljsf; a}+ssf] C0f ;xof]udf ;/:jtL pdflj uf]7kfgL, jfub]jL pdflj HofDbL, k|sfz dflj e'Dn'6f/, sflnsf dflj kfFrvfn, z+v]Zj/L dxfnIdL dflj z+v', /fwfs[i0f dflj rfkfvf]/L, jfn'jf dflj jfn'jf, dxfsfnL dflj jfn'jfkf6L, ;]tLb]jL dflj e'Dn', c?0ff]bo dflj l;DynL, l;h{gzLn hgtf pdflj dfbgsF'8f/L, ;ftd'n dflj sfgk'/ lgdf{0f ;DkGg ePsf 5g\ . gd"gf ljBfnosf ?kdf ;~hLjgL gd"gf df lj w'lnv]n / k|ef dflj sflQs] b]p/fnLsf] lgdf{0f sfo{ ;DkGg ePsf] 5 .

PlzofnL ljsf; a}+ssf] C0f ;xof]udf c/lgsf] dflj, rf}/Lb]p/fnL uf= kf= bfKrf df lj, gdf]a'4 g=kf=, u|fdf]GgtL dflj, dxfef/t uf=kf=, hfu[tL dflj, rf}/Lb]p/fnL uf=kf=, hf]u]Zj/ dflj, /f]zL uf=kf=, hf]/kf6L dflj, kfr F vfn g=kf=, s'z]Zj/ dflj, ltdfn uf=kf=, dxfsfnL dflj, d08gb]pk'/ g=kf=, ;]tLb]jL dflj, e'Dn' uf=kf=, pdf ;xlzIfno dflj, d08gb]pk'/sf ljBfnox? lgdf{0ffwLg cj:yfdf /x]sf 5g\ .

To:t} PlzofnL ljsf; a}+ssf] C0f ;xof]udf 7]Ssf k|lsof z'? eO{;s]sf l8=cf/=P;=lk=cGt{utsf ljBfnox?df efn]Zj/ dflj kgf}lt, >Lv08k'/ dflj w'lnv]n, ;j{d+unf dflj kfFrvfn, 1fg]Zj/L dflj kfFrvfn, ;/:jtL dflj j]yfgrf]s, nIdL gf/fo0f dflj /f]zL, lxdfno dflj l;kfnL, ;]tLb]jL dflj w'lnv]n, 8]l8y'Dsf dflj d08gb]pk'/ /x]sf 5g\ . ef/tLo /fhb'tfaf;sf] ;xof]udf eujtL df=lj= v/]nyf]s, cfhfb df=lj= ag]kf, cfhfb df=lj= afn'jf, nIdL gf/fo0f df=lj= Zofdkf6L, vfF8fb]jL df=lj= gfu|]uur]{, sfgk'/ df=lj= sfgk'/, Zff/bf df=lj= ;'Gyfg, e}/j df=lj= uf]s'n], hglxt df=lj= ldNr] / b'Uw]Zj/ df=lj= kfFrvfn /x]sf 5g\ .

kf“rvfn gu/kflnsfdf e|i6frf/ lj?4sf] ;r]tgf sfo{qmd p4jk;|fb clwsf/L kfr “ vfn kfF r vfn gu/kflnsfsf] cfof]hgdf e|i6rf/ lj?4sf] cGt/fli6«o lbj;sf] ca;/df e|i6frf/ lj?4 ;r]tgf sfo{qmd / ¥ofnL ;DkGg ePsf] 5 . sfoq{mddf gu/kflnsfsf kd|v ' dxz ] v/n ] n] ;a} hgkl|tlglw, sdr { f/Lx?nfO{ ei|6frf/ ulbg{,F ei|6frf/LnfO{ alxisf/ u5f}{ h:tf kl|ta4tf AoQm ug{ nufpg' ePsf] lyof] . kw|fgdGqL sk]L zdf{ cfn ] Lsf] ‘;v ' L gk]fnL ;Da4 [ gk]fn’ agfpg] rfxfgf ei|6frf/ dQ'm eP

dfq k/'f xg'] atfpbF} gu/ kd|v ' v/n ] n] ei|6f/ /fl]sof] eg] dfq bz ] ;Da4 [ xg'] ePsfn] ;an } ] cfkmg\f 7fpFaf6 va/bf/L ug{ cfux| ug'{ ePsf] lyof] . sfoq{mddf pk–kd|v ' nIdL bgj'f/, kd|v ' kz | f;lso clwst[ nfs ] axfb/' e08f/L, j8f cWoIfx?, ljleGg ljBfnosf lzIfs ljBfyL,{ sdr { f/L, kfr F vfn gu/ pBfu] jfl0fHo ;3+, kx|/L rfs } L kfr F vfn, ;fdb'flos ;f/yL nufot ;3+;:+yfx?sf] ;xeflutf /xs ] f] lyof] . sfo{ q md kZrft e| i 6frf/ la?4sf Kn]sf8{ af]sL kfr F vfn gu/ kl/qmdf ul/Psf] lyof] .

ag]kf÷d+l;/ ( ut] z'? ePsf] !^ lbg] n}lËs lx+;f lj?4sf] cleofg ;dfgtfsf] k':tf, anfTsf/ lj?4sf] P]Soa4tf eGg] gf/fsf ;fy ag]kf gu/kflnsfsf] cfof]hgfdf ;r]tgf sfo{qmd ;DkGg ePsf] 5 . k|d'v cltyL ag]kf gu/kflnsfsf gu/ k|d'v nIdL g/l;+ afb] >]i7n] n}lËs lx+;f /f]Sg klxnf cfkm' ablng' kg{], To;kl5 3/, ;dfh clg /fi6«df n}lËs lx+;f Go'lgs/0f x'g] atfpg' eof] . lx+;f cfkm' klg gu/f} / c?nfO{ klg va/bf/L u/f} eGg] ;ky u/fpFb} gu/ k|d'v afb]n] sfo{qmddf pkl:yt ;a}nfO{ k|lta4tf u/fpg' ePsf] lyof] . gu/kflnsfn] n}lËs lx+;f, anfTsf/ /f]syfd, 3/]n' lx+;f Go"gLs/0f ug{ ;r]tgfsf sfo{qmdx?nfO{ lg/Gt/tf lbg] gu/ k|d'v afb]n] atfpg' eof] . sfo{qmdsf cWoIf tyf gu/kflnsfsf pk k|d'v /]vf ;fksf]6f bfxfnn] sfg'g lgdf{0f;Fu} sfof{Gjogdf NofO{ n}lËs lx+;fsf bf]ifLnfO{ sfjf{xL ug{] atfpg' eof] . lx+;fdf k/]sf AolQmx?n] ;DalGwt lgsfodf ph'/L ug{'kg{] atfpFb} pkk|d'v /]vf ;fksf]6f bfxfnn] sf]lx klg AolQmx? lx+;f ;x]/ ga:g cg'/f]w ug{'eof] . lx+;f ug{' eGbf ;xg' emg ck/fw xf] pk k|d'v ;fksf]6fn] eGg' eof] gu/kflnsfn] xTof, lx+;f, e|i6frf/ Go"gLs/0f ug{ s'g} s;/ afFsL /fVb}g . sfo{ q mddf dlxnf dfgj clwsf/sdL{ 8f=/]0f' clwsf/Ln] k|lzIf0f lbg' ePsf] lyof] . sfo{qmddf k"j{ ;ef;b lznf sltnf, ag]kf gu/kflnsf j8f gDj/ % sf cWoIf an/fd clwsf/L, j8f gDj/ !) sf cWoIf rGb| axfb'/ v8\sf, j8f gDj/ !@ sf cWoIf /fdaxfb'/ s'Fj/, j8f gDj/ !$ sf cWoIf uf}/L /fpt, dlxnf tyf afnaflnsf zfvf k|d'v lahof ;'j]bL, zfvfsL lgd{nf sfsL{, ;xefuLsf] tkm{af6 lbAoZj/f bfxfn nufotn] z'esfdgf dGtAo /fVg' ePsf] lyof] . sfo{ q mddf hgk| l tlgwL, lzIfs÷lzIlfsf, :yfgLoaf;Lx?sf] ;xeflutf /x]sf] lyof] .

kgf}tLdf cGt{lqmof

n}lËs lx+;f la?4sf] !^ lbg] cleofgsf] cj;/df kgf}tL gu/kflnsfsf]

cfof]hgfdf a[xt cGt{lqmof sfo{qmd ;DkGg u/]sf] 5 . ;+ljwfg ;ef ;b:o Pj+ dfgaclwsf/sdL{ zflGt clwsf/Lsf] k|d'v cfltYotfdf ;DkGg sfo{qmddf clwsf/Ln] sfg'gn] dlxnfnfnfO{ w]/} clwsf/ lbPsfn] To;sf] ;lx ;b'kof]u ug{ cfu|x ug{' ePsf] lyof] . clwsf/ kfP eGb}df s;}n] klg sfg'gsf] b'?kof]u ug{ gx'g] wf/0ff /fVb} clwsf/Ln] dlxnf, afnaflnsf ;DalGw w]/} /fd|f] sfg'g agfPsfn] sfg'gdf cem} q'6L eP ;+;f]wg ub{} cuf8L a9\g' kkg{] atfpg' eof] . ;a} g]kfnLdf r]tgf, cfTdan, cfTd/Iff ug{' kg{] ;d]t clwsf/Ln] atfpg' eof] . lx+;f /f]Sg ;a} nfu]df dfq Go'lgs/0f ug{ ;lsg] atfpFb} pxfFn] cfkm\gf] 7fpFaf6 To; lj?4 nfUg ;d]t ;'emfa lbg' ePsf] lyof] . sfo{qmddsf ljz]if cltyL tyf kgf}tL gu/kflnsfsf gu/ k|d'v led Gof}kfg]n] lhNnfsf !# j6f :yflgo txx? dWo] kgf}tLdf cfTdxTof, ;fg} pd]/df eflu ljafx a9]sfn] o;nfO{ /f]Sg / Go"gLs/0f ug{ s:tf] sfo{qmd Nofpg' kg{] xf] ;xefuLnfO{ ;'emfj dfUg' ePsf] lyof] . gu/kflnsfn] ;r]tgfsf sfo{qmd klg ul//x]sf] 5 o:nfO{ lg/Gt/tf lbg] g} 5f} t/ ;a} ;+3;+:yf, ljBfno, hgk|ltgLwL nfu]/ dfq} To;sf] Go"gLs/0f ug{'kg{] Gof}kfg]n] atfpg' eof] . sfo{qmddf dlxnf tyf afnaflnsf zfvf k|d'v nIdL kf]v/]nn] !^ lbg] cleofgdf lx+;f la?4 ;8s gf6s, ljBnodf dgf]k/fdz{, ¥ofnL, cfTd/Iff nufPtsf cleofg ;~rfng ul/Psf] atfpg' ePsf] lyof] . sfo{qmddf j8f cWoIf, t]hu+uf ax'd'vL SofDk;sL ;+:yfks SofDk; k|d'v 8f= cDa'ejfgL sfsL{, ;fd'bflos ag pkef]Qmf dxf;+3sf s]lGb|o ;b:o zfGtf Gof}kfg] g]kfnL sf+u|;sL k|ltlglw cGh' /~hLt s];L nufotsf AolQmx?n] n}lËs lx+;f la?4sf af/]df dGtAo /fv]sf lyP . sfo{qmddf kgf}tL gu/kflnsf pk k|d'v lutf a~hf/fsf] ;efkltTjdf tyf dlxnf tyf afnaflnsf zfvfsL /fddfof >]i7sf] ;~rfngdf ;DkGg ePsf] lyof] . To:t} lhNnfsf cGo :yfgLo txx?df klg n}lËs lx+;f lj?4sf] cleofgdf ljleGg sfo{qmdx? cfof]hgf ul/Psf 5g\ . lhNnfdf n}lËs lx+;fsf 36gfdf Go"gLs/0f eGbf klg lbg k|ltlbg al9/x]sf] 5 .

xflb{s >4f~hnL hGd !((@.^.!)

:juf{/f]x0f @)&^.*.!% :j= t]hsfhL ;f]+h" >]i7

o; ljBfnosf ;+rfns Pj+ ljBfno Joj:yfkg ;ldltsf cWoIf lbgbofn ;f]+h" >]i7sf] k"hgLo lktf t]hsfhL ;f]+h" >]i7sf] c;fdlos lgwg ePsf]df lbj+ut cfTdfk|lt efjk"0f{ >4f~hnL ck{0f ub}{ zf]s;GtKt kl/jf/hgdf xflb{s ;dj]bgf k|s6 ub{5f}+ .

r'lgof“nfn dfsh" >]i7 cWoIf, ;+rfns ;ldlt

***

cgdf]n dfsh" >]i7 ;+rfns÷k|aGw lgb{]zs tyf

cflzkm dfsh" >]i7 lk|lG;kn

w'lnv]n xfO{ :s"n kl/jf/ w'lnv]n, sfe|]

!)

r]i6f ;fKtflxs

gfkgS;f / e"ld Aoj:yfkg ;DjGwL cGt/f{li6«o uf]i7L ;DkGg w'lnv]n÷gfkgS;f ;DjGwL cfw'lgs k|ljlw / e"ld Aoj:yfkg ;DjGwL gofF Aoj:yfkg / k|ljlwsf ;DjGwdf hfgsf/L cfbfg k|bfg ug{] pb]Zon] w'lnv]ndf b'O{ lbg] cGt/f{li6«o uf]i7L ;DkGg ePsf] 5 . e"ld Aoj:yf ;xsf/L tyf ul/aL lgjf/0f dGqL kb\df cof{nn] pb\3f6g ug{' ePsf] lyof] . uf]i7Ldf gfkgS;f / e"ld Aoj:yfkgsf] If]q;Fu ;DjlGwt /fli6«o tyf cGt/f{li6«o If]qsf k|fWofks, pRrkb:y gLlt lgdf{tf, cg';Gwfgstf{ tyf k]zfsdL{x?sf] ;xeflutf /x]sf] 5 . g]kfn ;lxt uf]i7Ldf !% b]zsf ! ;o %) hgf ;xefuL lyP . uf]i7Ldf gfkgSzf / e"ld Aoj:yfkgdf ;xefuLx?sf] Ifdtf clea[l4 Pj+ z}lIfs lj:tf/sf ljifodf 5nkmn Pj+ sfo{kq k|:t't ul/Psf] lyof] . sfo{kq k|:t'tL ;Fu} k|lzIf0f s]Gb| Pj+ k]zfut If]qsf] Ifdtf clea[l4df of]ubfg k'¥ofpg] / o; If]qdf sfo{/t /fli6«o tyf cGt/f{li6«o ;+:yfx?aLr ;xsfo{sf] ;Defjgf klxrfg ug{ ;kmn ePsf] e"ld Aoj:yfkg k|lzIf0f s]Gb| sfe|]sf sfo{sf/L lgb{]zs u0f]zk|;fb e§n] hfgsf/L lbg'eof] . uf]i7Lsf] pb\3f6g ub{} dGqL cof{nn] ;g\ !(^! df gfkL tflnd s]Gb|sf] :yfkgf;uF} bIf hgzlQm pTkfbg / Ifdtf ljsf;df dxTjk"0f{ of]ubfg k'¥ofPsf]df wGojfb AoQm ub{{} cfkmg} sfof{no kl/;/df

cGt/f{li6«o uf]i7L cfof]hgf u/]sf]df v'zL AoQm ug{' ePsf] lyof] . k/Dk/fut 9+uaf6 ;+rflnt k|lzIf0f ljlwnfO{ gljgtd\ ljlwaf6 cufl8 a9fpg pQm uf]i7L dxTjk"0f{ x'g] pxfn F ] atfpg' eof] . ;xsfo{ / ;dGjodf hf]8 lbg'\kg{] atfpbF} dGqL cof{nn] cg'ejaf6 nfeflGjt xb'F} s]Gb|sf] yk Ifdtf lj:tf/ x'g]df dGqL cof{nn] ljZjf; AoQm ug{' eof] . k|lzIf0fnfO{ cem} k|efjsf/L t'Nofpg h?/L /x]sf] atfpbF} dGqL cof{nn] gfkgS;f / e"ld Aoj:yfkgnfO{ k|ljlw d}qL agfpg' kg{]df hf]8 lbg'eof] . sf7df8f} ljZjljBfnosf pks'klt k|f]=8f= /fds07 dfsh'n] g]kfnd} ;a} s'/f ;Dej ePsfn] k|ljlwsf] ljsf; / k|of]u ;uF} x'g'kg{] atfpg' eof] . w'lnv]n gu/kflnsfsf k|d'v czf]s Aof~h'n] tLg txsf ;/sf/sf]

sfof{Gjog;Fu} e"ld ;DjGwL Aoj:yf / gful/ssf] xs :yfkgf ug{, g]kfnsf] lbuf] ljsf; u/L l;dfGts[t ;d'bfonfO{ ;d]t e"ldklt agfpg] u/L sfo{ eO{/x]sf] atfpg' eof] . hg;+Vof a[l4 eO{/xg', zx/Ls/0f a9\g', u|fld0f If]qdf hUuf afFemf] x'g' / cj;/sf] sdL x'g' h:tf ;d:ofnfO{ ;dfwfg ub{} ;/f]sf/sf ljifodf Wofg lbg'kg{] gu/ k|d'v czf]s Aof~h'n] atfpg' eof] . sfo{qmddf cfO{P;lkcf/P;l6l;sf k|f]km];/ Enflbld/, s]Gb|sf sfo{sf/L lgb{]zs u0f]zk|;fb e§ nufotn] uf]i7Lsf] dxTjsf af/]df hfgsf/L u/fpg' ePsf] lyof] . sfo{qmddf dGqfnosf ;lrj dw';'bg clwsf/L nufotsf] ;xeflutf /x]sf] lyof] . b'O{ lbg ;+rflnt uf]i7Ldf & ;d'x lgdf{0f u/L 5nkmn ePsf] lyof] .

g]kfn kz'k+IfL cf}ifwL Aoj;foL ;+3df k'gM ljsf; ag]kf÷g]kfn kz'kIfL cf}ifwL Aoj;foL ;+3 sfe|] k"j{ zfvfsf] bf]>f] clwa]zg s]lGb|o cWoIf lrqaxfb'/ u'?Ësf] k|d'v cfltYotfdf ;DkGg ePsf] 5 . cWoIf ljsf; zdf{ ltdlN;gfsf] cWoIftfdf ;DkGg ;efsf] aGb ;qn] k'gM zdf{sf] cWoIftfdf gofF ;ldlt rog

u/]sf] 5 . h;sf] pkfWoIfdf 6+ss'df/ >]i7, ;lrj o1k|;fb kGt, sf]iffWoIf cd[t yfkf / ;b:ox?df g]qk|;fb k/fh'nL, l6sf >]i7, af;' yfkf, s[i0f ltdlN;gf, a]naxfb'/ dxt /x]sf 5g\ . lhNnfdf /x]sf cf}ifwL Aoj;foLx?sf] ;xeflutf /x]sf] sfo{qmddf

;+3sf k"j{ cWoIf gj/fh zdf{, lgj{tdfg cWoIfx?, s]lGb|o kbflwsf/Lx?, ;+:yfksx?, ljleGg If]qsf AolQmx?sf] ;xeflutf /x]sf] lyof] . cf}ifwL Aoj;foLx?n] ef]lu/x]sf ;d:of / r'gf}tL ;dfwfgsf nflu v]Ng'kg{] e"ldsfsf af/]df ;efdf 5nkmn ePsf] lyof] .

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wl'nvn] xfO:{sn"sf ljBfyLx{?åf/f sfok{q k:|tt' w'lnv]n÷lhNnfs} gd'gfsf] ?kdf /x]sf] w'lnv]n xfO{ :s'ndf cWoog ug{] sIff &, *, ( / !) sf ;d'xut ljBfyL{x?n] w'lnv]n gu/ leqsf j8f g+= ^, & / * sf gful/sx?;Fu w'lnv]nnfO{ xl/ofnL, x/fe/f ;'Gb/ gu/, w'lnv]n gu/kflnsfsf] kmf] x / Joj:yfkg, Joj;foLx?sf ;d:of tyf ;dfwfgsf pkfosf] ;'wf/ / 8]+u' d'Qm gu/ ;DalGw ljifox?df vf]hd"ns cWoog u/L ljifout sfo{kq k|:t't u/]sf lyP . sfo{qmd w'lnv]n gu/kflnsfsf] ;efxndf k|ltof]lutfTdssf] ?kdf ;a} ;d'xn] sfo{kq k|:t't u/]sf lyP . k|:t't sfo{kqx?sf] cWoog, ljZn]if0f / lg0ff{ossf] e"ldsf ljBfnosf Joj:yfkg ;ldltsf ;b:o bL3{/fh j?0f >]i7 Pj+ lzIffljb >Ls[i0f j]+h'n] ug'{ ePsf] lyof] . pQm sfo{kq ;DalGw k|Zgx?sf] hjfkm ;d]t lbO{Psf] lyof] . sfo{qmddf vf]hd"ns Pj+ l;h{gfTds ePsf] lg0ff{os bL3{/fh a?0f >]i7n] atfpg' eof] . sfo{qmddf ;xof]uL ;+:yfx? cfGtl/s /fh:j tyf s/ ;]jf sfof{nosf k|d'v 8Da? k/fh'nL, w'lnv]n nh l/;f]6{, w'lnv]n pBf]u jfl0fHo ;+3 Pj+ w'lnv]n

gu/kflnsfsf k|ltlgwLx?sf] pkl:ytL /x]sf] lyof] . sfo{qmdsf] dxTjsf af/] ljBfnosf ;fdfGo k|zf;g k|d'v ;'jf; dfsh' >]i7n] ug'{ ePsf] lyof] . sfo{qmddf cfufdL lbgdf ;d]t ljBfnon] o:tf sfo{qmdx? ub{} hfg] / ljBfyL{x?nfO{ vf]hd"ns lzIffsf] af/] cWoog cWofkg u/fpg] k|lta4tf AoQm ug{' ePsf] lyof] . ljBfnonn] ljBfyL{x?nfO{ lstfaL 1fg dfq geO{ PS:6«f PlS6lel6h lbg vf]lhPsf], ljBfyL{x?sf] k|ltefnfO{ aflx/ Nofpg / plgx?sf] Ifdtf cg';f/sf] lzIff lbg] nIo /x]sf] ljBfnosf ;~rfns tyf k|aGw

lgb{]zs cgdf]n dfsh'n] sfo{qmddf atfpg' eof] . ljBfnon] ljBfnodf z}lIfs k|b{zgL, v]ns'b ;Ktfx, ljleGg ;fF:s[lts sfo{qmd ub{] ljBfyL{x?nfO{ k9fO{ ;Fu} jflx/L 1fg lbg nfluPsf] dfsh'n] atfpg' eof] . sfo{qmdsf] ;efkltTj ljBfnosf ;+:yfks Pj+ ljBfno ;+rfns ;ldltsf cWoIf r'lgofFnfn dfsh' >]i7sf] cWoIftfdf ePsf] lyof] . sfo{qmddf :jfut dGtJo ljBfnosf k|wfgfWofks cflzkm dfsh' >]i7n] ug'{ ePsf] lyof] eg] ;~rfng ljBfnosf lzIff ljefu k|d'v >LdtL lgd{nf e't{]nn] ug'{ ePsf] lyof] .

w'lnv]n leqsf ljBfno kl/;/df dlb/f tyf ;'lt{hGo kbfy{ ljqmLdf /f]s w'lnv]n÷w'lnv]n gu/kflnsf leq /x]sf ljBfno cf;kf;sf k;nx?df dfkb08 cg';f/ lgif]w ul/Psf ;fdfu|Lx? ljqmL ljt/0f ug{ gu/kflnsfn] /f]s nufPsf] 5 . gu/kflnsfsf pk k|d'v ljdnf zdf{sf] g]t[Tjdf uPsf] 6f]nLn] ahf/ k;nx?sf] cg'udg u/L tTsfn pQm ;fdfu|Lx? x6fpg lgb{]zg lbPsf] 5 . cg'udg 6f]nLn] kfTn]v]tsf] xg'dfg dflj / w'lnv]nsf] ;~hLjgL gd'gf dflj nufotsf ljBfno If]qsf] Ps ;o ld6/ j/Lk/L k;ndf dlb/f tyf ;'tL{hGo kbfy{ laqmL ljt/0f

ug{ /f]s nufpFb} ljqmL eO{/x]sf ;fdu|Lx? lgoGq0fdf lnPsf] lyof] . ljBfnosf] ;6/ ef8fdf lnP/ k;n Aoj;fo ;~rfng ul//x]sf Aofkf/Lx?n] dlb/f / ;'lt{hGo kbfy{ a]rljvg ul//x]sf] ljleGg ;dodf :yfgLo hgtfn] u'gf;f] u/]sfn] cg'udg u/]sf] pk k|d'v ljdnf zdf{n] hfgsf/L lbg'eof] . zdf{n] Aofkf/Lx?n] P]g cg';f/ sfjf{lx ul/g] ;d]t atfpg' ePsf] lyof] . ;'lt{hGo kbfy{ lgoGq0f / lgodg ug{ @)^* ;fndf ag]sf] P]g cg';f/ ljBfnosf] Ps ;o ld6/ j/k/sf] If]qdf dlb/f / ;'lt{hGo ;fdu|L a]rlavg u/] sf/afxL x'g] Aoj:yf /x]sf] 5 . t/ ljBfnos} ;6/ ef8fdf lnP/ Aofkf/Lx?n]

pQm P]gsf] lvnfkdf dlb/f / ;'lt{hGo kbfy{ a]rljvg ub}{ cfO/x]sf lyP . cg'udgdf w'lnv]n gu/kflnsfsf ;fdflhs ljsf; zfvf ;+of]hs lji0f' lwtfn, lhNnf k|zf;g sfof{nosf k|;fzsLo clws[t vu]G› ;'j]bL, lhNnf k|x/L sfof{nosf ;xfos lg/LIfs xl/ s[i0f v8\sf, gu/kflnsfsf lzIff clws[t ef]hs'df/ 7s'/L, :jf:Yo zfvf k|d'v ;l~ha s];L, ;/]h yfkf nufotsf] 6f]nL /x]sf] lyof] . cg'udg 6f]nLn] b'O{ af]/f dlb/f / ;'lt{hGo kbfy{ lgoGq0fdf lnPsf] atfPsf] 5 . o;cl3 cg]/f:jljo'n] gu/kflnsfnfO{ 1fkg kq a'emfpFb} pQm ljifodf Wofgfsif{0f u/fPsf] lyof] .

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motiramtimalsina@gmail.com

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The Selected

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find us at: www.facebook.com/the selected

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/S;Ln] agfPsf] 6x'/'f] afnssf] efu]fO{ hGdFb} s;n] lnP/ cfPsf] x'G5 / efUo < ul/a / wgL . dfG5]sf] ;f]rsf] s'/f /x]5 . k};f 6Gg x'Fbf wgL eGg] ls z/L/ gfËf] x'Fbf ul/a eGg] < o;sf] kl/efiff klg km/s km/s xf]nf . @! cf+} ztfAbLdf xfdL ;"rgf / k|ljwLsf] s'/f ul//x]sf 5f}+ . k|ljlwsf] ljsf;n] ;a} s'/f ljsf; eof] eGg] ;f]lr/x]sf 5f}+ . k"jf{wf/ lgdf{0f dfq} ljsf;sf] cfwf/ xf] < ufpFdf ;8s k'Ug' dfq} ljsf; xf] < Ps 5fs gkfpg] AolQmn] vfg kfpg' dfq} ljsf; xf] < ljsf;sf lgdf{tfx?n] AofVof u/] cg';f/ ljsf; x'g' dfq} ljsf; xf] ls < cflv/ s] xf] < cem} afnaflnsfx? pd]/ gk'Ub} ljjfx ul//x]sf 5g\ . pd]/ gk'Ub} u/]sf] ljjfx / ljjfx kl5 aGg] cfdfx?sf] :jf:Yo < b'u{d If]qdf dfq} xf]O{g clxn] ;'ud If]qdf klg of] vfnsf] ;d:of b]lvPsf] 5 . ev{/ !^ jif{sf] ePF . d]/f] pd]/sf ;fyLx? sIff !) sl6;s] . d]/f] t efUo g} To:t} /x]5 . 5}6f}+ lbg efjLn] n]lvlbPsf] n]vfGt klg To:t} /x]5 . s;n] a'em\g' / < ul/asf] d'ndf hlGdPkl5 ;a} s'/f vf]h]/ s;/L kfpg' < ev{/ sIff & df egf{ ePsf] 5' . /x/ w]/} 5g\ . aLrdf 5'6]sf] k9fO{ k'gM

ug{ ;lSbgF . tfdfª al:t . p7\g] ljltSs} hfF8 / /S;L ;]jg u/]g eg] kfO{n} cufl8 ;b{}g lyof] . a? ljxfg a]n'sfsf] r'Nxf] aNb}g lyof] . a6'sfdf hfF8 /fv]g eg] Tof] 3/ g} xf]Og h:tf] x'g] /x]5 . oltv]/ ;'Gb}5' . cl3sf ;a} 36gfqmdx? . cem} of] slnnf] lbdfun] ;f]Rg t s] EofpF5 . rng rlNtnfO{ Aojxf/Ls agfpg g;Sbf cflv/ p t d5{g\ g} afFRg]x?n] klg b'Mv kfpFbf /x]5g\ . h'g /fhgLlts Aoj:yf cfP klg cflv/ dfG5]df r]tgf cfpg ;s]g eg] To;n] s]lx n5f/kf6f] nfUg ;Sb}g . ufpFdf pTkfbg ePsf] cGg ;a} /S;L kfb{}df ;lsG5 . clg ;fFem 9NsFb} uP kl5 vfg]s'/f vf]Hb} bu{'g' k5{ . cem} w]/} :yfgdf o:tf ;d:of xf]nfg\ . d /]l8of]df slxn]sfFlx ;'G5' o:tf cleefjsx?sf sf/0f w]/} afnaflnsfx?n] b'Mv kfO{/x]sf 5g\ . cleefjsx? lhDd]jf/ alg lbg g;Sbf y'k|} 5f]/f5f]/Lx?n] ;d:ofdf afFlr/xg' k/]sf] 5 . cfdf eujfg x'g\ . cfkm' dg{ tof/ x' l G5g\ t/ 5f]/f5f]/Lx?sf nflu s]lx b'Mv b]Vg ;lSbgF lyOg\ . a'af ;w} /S;L vfP/ cfpFg' x'GYof] . cfdf 3/wGbf / v]taf/Lsf] sfdd} Ao:t x'g'x'Fbf] /x]5 .

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3/ Aojxf/ ;DxfNg] cfdf x'Fbf t eg]sf] ;dodf vfg / nfpg ;Dej lyPg . ca t cfdf ljgfsf] 3/ / aRrfx? s;/L afFRg' < ;don] bx|f] agfpg ;Sbf] /x]5 . #÷$ jif{sf] s]6fs]6L 5f8]/ cfdfn] ljbf lnP kl5 xfdLn] slt ;+s6 Aoxf]g{' k¥of] xf]nf . hf]8\g] cj;/ kfPsf] 5' . of] cj;/sf] ;b'kof]u h;/L eP klg ug{]5' . kl/jf/sf] sfG5f] 5f]/fsf] ?kdf hGd eof] . hGdFbf cfdfn] s] ;f]Rg' ePsf] lyof] xf]nf < g]kfnLx?sf] afgL sfG5f] 5f]/fn] a'afcfdfnfO{ kfNg]5 jf a'9];sfnsf] ;fxf/f eg]sf] Tolx 5f]/f x'g]5 . Tolta]nf;Dd cfdfnfO{ klg yfxf lyPg xf]nf d g} sfG5f] ;Gtfg jf clGtd ;Gtfg x'g]5' . d eGbf dfly hlGdPsf tLg 5f]/f klg cfdfsf] dfofdf /dfO/x]sf lyP . plgx?nfO{ hlt ug{' kg{] xf] dnfO{ klg Tolt g} dfof ug{' ePsf] lyof] xf]nf . s]6fs]6Lx?nfO{ ;a} s'/f lbg';\ / a'af cfdfaf6 6f9f n}hfg';\ jf pxfFx?sf] dfofdf sdL ug{';\ To;nfO{ plgx?n] Ifdf lbg] 5}gg\ . aRrfx? eg]sf slnnf ;f]r ePsf t/ Ov ePsf AolQm x'Fbf /x]5g\ . dnfO{ klg dgdf cg]s s'/fx? v]N5g\ . AoQm

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sd{rf/L cfjZostf ;DaGwL ;"rgf k|yd k6s k|sflzt ldlt @)&^.)*.!( sfe|]knf~rf]s lhNnf sfo{If]q eO{ ljut !) jif{b]lv ag]kf, sfe|]knf~rf]sdf ;+rfngdf /x]sf] o; ;+:yfn] sfo{If]q leqsf ;b:oHo"x?nfO{ art, C0f tyf cGo cfly{s tyf ;fdflhs ;]jf ;'ljwfx? pknAw u/fpGb} cfPsf] 5 . o;y{ ;+:yfsf] ;]jf lj:tf/sf] nflu b]xfo adf]lhdsf sd{rf/L cfjZostf ePsf] x'gfn] tf]lsPsf] of]Uotf k'u]sf O{R5's JolQmx?af6 k|yd k6s lj1fkg k|sflzt ePsf] ldltn] !% lbg -@)&^ kf}if # ut] ;fFem $ ah]_ leq afof]8f6f, z}lIfs of]Uotfsf] k|df0fkq, sfo{cg'ejsf] k|df0fkq / kf;kf]6{ ;fO{hsf] kmf]6f] ;lxt ;+:yfaf6 pknAw u/fO{Psf] b/vf:t kmf/d lbg'x'g of] ;"rgf k|sflzt ul/Psf] 5 . !_ kb M 6]n/ • tx M ;xof]uL -ålto_ • ;]jfsf] k|s[lt M s/f/ • sfo{ ug'{kg]{ :yfg M d'Vo sfof{no, ag]kf • z}lIfs of]Uotf M Joj:yfkg ;+sfodf ±@ plt0f{ ul/ sDKo'6/df ljz]if bVvn ePsf] .

• pd]/ M !* jif{ k'u]sf] / #% jif{ ggf3]sf] • gful/stf M g]kfnL • ;+Vof M ! hgf -k'?if_ • jf~5fgLo of]Uotf M slDtdf b'O{ kf+u|] ;jf/L ;fwg rfns cg'dltkq k|fKt ul/ ;jf/L ;fwg rnfpg ;Sg] .

• 5gf}6 k|ls|of M cGtjf{tf @_ kb M ahf/ k|ltlglw • tx M ;xof]uL -t[lto_ • ;]jfsf] k|s[lt M s/f/ • sfo{ ug'{kg]{ :yfg M kgf}tL ;]jfs]Gb|, kgf}tL • z}lIfs of]Uotf M S.E.E plt0f{ ul/ sDKo'6/df ljz]if bVvn ePsf] .

• pd]/ M !* jif{ k'u]sf] / #% jif{ ggf3]sf] • gful/stf M g]kfnL • ;+Vof M ! hgf -dlxnf jf k'?if_ • 5gf}6 k|ls|of M cGtjf{tf gf]6 M ;6{ln:6df 5gf}6 ePsf cfj]bsx?nfO{ dfq cGtjf{tf{sf nflu af]nfOg] 5 . kbk"lt{ pk–;ldlt ag]kf—*, ltgbf]af6f], ;Dks{ g+ M )!!—^^!!@), )!!—^^$^^%

;Dks{M (*%!@)%^^#

egf{ v'Nof] ! egf{ v'Nof] !! egf{ v'Nof] !!!

-s_ ;z:q k|x/L an, g]kfndf l/Qm /x]sf] ;fwf/0f ;d"x cGtu{t ;fwf/0f ;d"x, ;fwf/0f pk;d"xtkm{ ;z:q k|x/L lg/LIfs / ;z:q k|x/L ;xfos lg/LIfs kbdf egf{ v'Nof] .

-v_ dfu ;+Vof M ;z:q k|x/L lg/LIfs M cG7fpGg -%*_ hgf ;z:q k|x/L ;xfos lg/LIfs M b'O{ ;o pgfGrfln; -@#(_ hgf -u_ pd]/ xb M ;z:q k|x/L lg/LIfs kbsf nflu M lj1fkg k|sflzt ePsf] lbg @! jif{ k"/f eO{ @% jif{ ggf3]sf] x'g'kg{]5 . ;z:q k|x/L ;xfos lg/LIfs kbsf nflu M lj1fkg k|sflzt ePsf] lbg !* jif{ k"/f eO{ @# jif{ ggf3]sf] x'g'kg{]5 -3_ b/vf:t kmf/fd a'emfpg] ldlt M @)&^ d+l;/ !* b]lv @)&^ k'; !& ut];Dd -ª_ ;Dks{ ldlt M @)&^ df3 & ut] b/vf:t kmf/fd btf{ ul/Psf] ;DalGwt sfof{nox?

-r_ b/vf:t kmf/fd ;z:q k|x/L an, g]kfnsf] clkml;on a]e;fO6 www.apf.gov.np -5_ b/vf:t kmf/d a'emfpg] :yfg M ;z:q k|x/L an, kfFrvfn, sfe|], egf{ ;DaGwL lj:t[t hfgsf/Lsf] nflu ansf] clkml;on j]e;fO6 www.apf.gov.np nu Og ug{ jf 6f]n lk|m g+= !!!$ jf glhs}sf] ;z:q k|x/L an, g]kfnsf] sfof{nodf ;Dks{ ug{ ;Sg'x'g]5 .

Website: www.aabhashsaccos.coop.np

Catholic Relief Services Nepal

clt cfsif{s hUuf ljqmLdf ag]kf rf/bf]af6f]af6 WjfvfM u0f]z:yfg eO{ lz/ d]df]l/on c:ktfn hfg] af6f]df 7"nf] ?v d'lg vf]nf;Fu}sf] tLg ;6/x? axfndf a;]sf] ;fF9] & cfgf hUuf ljqmLdf

d"No ?= @=% s/f]8 ;Dks{ (*)!#$%!)!

sd{rf/L cfjZostf k|ydk6s k|sflzt M @)&^ d+l;/ @^ ut] ljxLjf/

Notice of Call for Expression of Interest (EoI) for NGO partnership for Earthquake Recovery Activities in Kavre District Date of Publication: 12 December 2019

Catholic Relief Services (CRS) is an international NGO founded in 1943 to alleviate human suffering, advance full human development, and foster charity and justice in the world. In Nepal, CRS has been supporting earthquake-affected families and is currently implementing an Earthquake Recovery Program, assisting families in rebuilding safe homes and recovering their livelihoods. CRS expects to initiate recover shelter activities focusing on vulnerable households, retrofitting and urban initiatives in Kavre District by February 2020and is seeking local implementing partners.

CRS invites NGOs working Kavre District to submit an Expression of Interest (EoI) to partner with CRS on its 1-year focused recovery program. The EoI shall be submitted by e-mail to np_procurement@crs.org no later than the 5 pm on the 30th December 2019. The EoI shall be subject to eligibility as per the criteria for short listing. CRS reserves the right to shortlist any or all organizations without assigning any reasons whatsoever. The EOI submission is the first stage of a multi-stage application process, and the final selection is subject to the Government approval of the project.

The full Call for EoI and application instructions can be obtained by email request to np_procurement@crs.org, during office hours (Nepali time) which is 9:00 am to 5:00pm.

sfe|k] nf~rf]s lhNnf jx'p2]ZoLo ;xsf/L ;+3 ln= ag]kf, sfe|s] f] 5}7f}+ jflif{s ;fwf/0f ;ef ;DjGwL ;"rgf

>L uf}/L z+s/ u|fld0f dlxnf ljsf; ax'p2]ZoLo ;xsf/L ;+:yf ln= kgf}tL g=kf=–&, dNkL, sfe|]knf~rf]s

Od]n M

gaurishankargm.cop@gmail.com

kmf]g g+= )!!–$$!@^%, )!!$$!$^^

pk/f]Qm ;DjGwdf o; ;+3sf] ;+rfns ;ldltsf] ldlt @)&^.)*.!* ut] j;]sf] j}7ssf] lg0f{o cg';f/ lgDg ljifox?df 5nkmn u/L lg0f{o ug{sf] nfuL lgDg ldlt, :yfg / ;dodf 5}7f}+ jflif{s ;fwf/0f ;ef x'g] ePsf]n] ;Dk"0f{ z]o/ ;b:o dxfg'efjx?sf] ;d'kl:yltsf] nflu xflb{s cg'/f]w ub{5' .

5nkmnsf d'Vo ljifox? M != ;lrj, sf]iffWoIf,tyf n]vf ;ldltsf] cf=j=@)&%.)&^ sf] jflif{s k|utL k|ltj]bg 5nkmn u/L kfl/t ug]{ ;DjGwdf @=;+3sf] cf=j=@)&%.)&^ sf] n]vf k/LIf0f k|ltj]bg 5nkmn u/L kfl/t ug]{ ;DjGwdf . # ;+3sf] cf=j=@)&^.)&& sf]] x/lx;fj n]vf k/LIf0f u/fpg n]vf k/LIfssf] lgo'QmL / gLhsf] kfl/>lds lgwf{/0f ug]{ ;DjGwdf . $= ;+rfns ;ldltn] tof/ u/]sf] cf=j= @)&^.)&& sf] jflif{s sfo{of]hgf kfl/t ug]{ ;DaGwdf . %= ljlgod tyf lgodfjln ;+zf]wg ug]{ ;DjGwdf . ^= ;+rfns ;ldltn] u/]sf lg0f{ox?sf] cg'df]bg ;DaGwdf . &= ;fwf/0f ;efsf] lg0f{o k'l:tsfdf x:tfIf/ ug{sf]] nflu z]o/ ;b:osf] tkm{jf6 k|ltlgwL rog ug]{ ;DjGwdf . *= ljljw . sfo{sd | M ldlt M @)&^ kf}if @# ut], a'waf/ :yfg M ag]kf len]h l/;f]6{ ,k'nahf/ sfo{qmd k|f/De M lbgsf] 7Ls !M)) ah] k'gZr M s[kof kq gkfPsf] v08df o;} ;"rgfnfO{ cfwf/ dfgL ;fwf/0f ;efdf pkl:yltsf] nflu xflb{s cg'/f]w 5 . of]u/fh bfxfn ;lrj

r]i6f ;fKtflxs k|sfzgsf nflu k|sfzs.;Dkfbs M czf]s Jof~h", sfo{sf/L ;Dkfbs M df]tL/fd ltdlN;gf, sfof{no M ag]kf !), sfe|], kmf]g g+= )!!^^@$($ email: cheshtaweekly@yahoo.com/website: www.cheshtaweekly.com.np, d'b|0f M ;Gtf]if lk|lG6ª k|];, ag]kf, sfe|]