issue_51

x'=b=g+=)#.)%(.)^), sf=k=lh=b=g+= )!.)%).)%!, sfe|]

If]qLo :t/sf] ‘s’ >]0fLsf] ;fKtflxs

uh'/df /fi6«kltnfO{ u'xf/

@$ cf}+ jif{ c;n ;dfh lgdf{0fsf nflu ;To ;dfrf/sf] ;Dk|]if0f

CHESHTA WEEKLY jif{ @$ c+s %! @)&% sflt{s * ut] ljxLjf/ (Thursday, 25th Oct. 2018) g]kfn ;+jt\ !!#*, d"No ?= %. -pkTosfsf] nflu ?= &_ k]h *±@ www.cheshtaweekly.com.np

aNg] 9'+ufdf cFWof/f] /ft w'lnv]n÷u'Dafdf ax'd'No ;fdfg ePsf] z+sfdf k'hf/LnfO{ xltof/ b]vfP/ 8fFsf ug{] ;d'xnfO{ lhNnf cbfnt sfe|]knf~rf]sn] k'k{Ifsf nflu y'gfdf /fVg] cfb]z lbPsf] 5 . k|x/Lsf] cg';Gwfgn] pQm ;d'xsf] klxrfg ePsf] lyof] . vfgLvf]nf ufpFkflnsf j8f gDj/ & df /x]sf] 5f]O{km]n s'Gb]lnË u'Dafdf /x]sf] ax'd'No ;fdfg n'6\g uPsf] ;d'xnfO{ k|x/Ln] ;fj{hlgs u/]sf] lyof] . cfw'lgs k]:tf]n ;lxt u'Dafdf % hgf k'u]sf lyP eg] pQm ;d'xdf * hgf ;xefuL ePsf] k|x/Lsf] cg';Gwfgaf6 v'n]sf] lyof] . ;+nUg dWo] Ps cem} km/f/ 5g\ . lhNnf k|x/L sfof{no sfe|]sf k|x/L k|d'v P;kL /lj/fh v8\sfn] 36gfsf af/]df hfgsf/L lbb} u'Daf n'6\g k'u]sf] ;d'xnfO{ kqmfp u/L xltof/ ;lxt km]nf k/]kl5 cg';Gwfg u/L ;+ul7t ck/fw lgjf/0f P]g @)&) sf] bkmf * sf] s;'/ ck/fwdf d'2f btf{ u/]sf] atfP . u'Dafdf *$ alif{o ltnsaxfb'/ df]Qmfg k'/f]lxtsf] sfd ub{} cfPsf lyP . @)&% ebf} !( ut] dWo/ftsf] !@ ah] af %^ k &)*# / af ^& k #&## gDj/sf] df]6/f;fO{sndf vfgLvf]nf ufpFkflnsf j8f gDj/ & sf @% aifL{o clgn l3l;Ë, vfgLvf]nf @ sf @% alif{o /d]z yf]s/, vfgLvf]nf ! sf #) aifL{o hutaxfb'/ uf]n] / kgf}tL

gu/kflnsf * 3/ ePsf @@ alif{o ljsf; a~hf/f u'Dafdf k'uL k'/f]lxt ltnsaxfb'/sf] d'v y'gL k]:tf]n 5fltdf /fvL k'hf ug{] z+v, srf}/f, a'4sf] d"tL{ / gub # nfv %) xhf/ ?k}ofF 8fFsf u/L nu]sf lyP . k|x/Ln] plgx?sf] ;fyaf6 plgx? r9]/ uPsf] @ yfg df]6/;fO{sn, srf}/f, k]:tf]n / gub @$ ;o () ?k}of dfq} a/fdb u/]sf] hfgsf/L lbPsf] 5 . z+v / d"lt{ cem} km]nf gk/]sf] k|x/L k|d'v P;kL /lj/fh v8\sfn] hfgsf/L lbP . u'Dafdf # jif{ cl3 ax'd'No 9'+uf /x]sf] xNnf rn]sf] lyof] . :yfgLo ;d]t ePsfn] a]yfGrf]s ufpFkflnsf j8f gDj/ ! a:g] @& aif{sf lgzfg uf]n]n] hut uf]n]nfO{ atfPsf lyP . hut uf]n]n] To:tf] xf] eg] pQm a:t' rf]/L ug{' k5{ eGb} xltof/sf] vf]hL u/]sf lyP . hut uf]n]n] xltof/sf] Aoj:yfkg cfkm' ug{] / xltof/ b]vfP/ t;f{pg] / a'9faf6 h;/L eP klg ;fdfg km'Tsfpg' kg{] atfPsf lyP . hut uf]n]n] /d]z yf]s/nfO{ xltof/sf] Aoj:yf ldnfpg eg]sf lyP . ebf} !( ut] ufpF hfg af %^ k &)*# / af ^& k #&## gDj/sf] b'O{j6f df]6/;fO{sn /d]z yf]s/ / ljsf; a~hf/fn] Aoj:yf u/]sf lyP . /d]z yf]s/nfO{ eQmk'/ l:yt ;'o{ljgfosaf6 l/l;j u/L lgzfg uf]n], hutaxfb'/ uf]n], ljsf; a~hf/f / /d]z

NIST

yf]s/ u'Dafdf k'u]sf lyP . /d]z yf]s/

hUufsf] sf/f]jf/ ub{} afFsL @ k]hdf

sfgk'/af;L ql;t bz}+sf] cl3Nnf] /ft gdf]a'4 gu/kflnsf % sfgk'/ 8'F8Lrf}/df bz}sf] gjdLsf] lbg 3/df ;'lt/x]sf] cj:yfdf &^ alif{o 1fgWjh tfdfªnfO{ 9'+ufn] xfg]/ xTof ul/Psf] 5 . tfdfªsf] xTof kl5 pgL a:b} cfPsf] 3/df cfuf] nufO{Psf] 5 eg] pgsf tLgj6f 6\ofÍfdf ePsf gub n'l6Psf] / sfuhkqdf ;d]t cfuf] nufO{Psf] 5 . bz}+sf] ;dodf a]lrPsf tLgj6f v;L / h]i7 gful/s ;'/Iff

eQfsf] /sd afx]s pgL;Fu c? /sd gePsf] cf+zsf ul/Psf] 5 . lhNnf k|x/L sfof{no sfe]|sf k|d'v P;kL /lj/fh v8\sfsf cg';f/ xTofdf ;+nUgsf] klxrfg x'g ;s]sf] 5}g . ljhof bzdLsf] lbg ljxfg pgsf] 3/ x'Fb} hfg] AolQmn] 3/ hn]sf] cj:yfdf b]v]kl5 k|x/LnfO{ va/ u/]sf lyP . @)&% a}zfv ^ ut] >LdtLsf] lgwg ePkl5 1fgWjh PSn} a:b} cfPsf lyP . tLg afFsL @ k]hdf

df egf{ v'Nof]

(Bachelor in Science & Information Technology) (Bachelor in Computer Application)

BIM kmf/fd eg{] clGtd ldlt M @)&%.&.#) k|j]z k/LIff M @)&%.*.*

(Bachelor in Information Management)

B.Sc.

egf{ sfo{qmd, z'Ns, z}lIfs jftfj/0fsf hfgsf/Lsf nflu oyfzL3| SofDk;df :jfut 5 .

General (CBZ)

clwsf/L s[i0faxfb'/ /fptn] eg]–…/fi6«klt ;dIf dlGb/sf] ;+/If0f / k'glg{df{0fsf nflu /fHosf ljleGg lgsfodf kxnsbdLsf nflu :yfgLo :t/af6 ;d]t ck]Iff ;lxtsf] rf;f] AoQm ul/of] .Ú knf~rf]s dlGb/ Aoj:yfkg ;ldltsf cWoIf ;d]t /x]sf k|lhc /fptn] dlGb/sf] lgdf{0f sfo{ ;DkGg ePkl5 dfq} uh'/ /fVg] sfo{ x'g] atfP . /fi6«klt e08f/LnfO{ dlGb/ k'glgdf{0f afFsL @ k]hdf

w'lnv]n–;'o{ljgfos * n]g

lgi6 sn]h ag]kfdf lgDg sfo{qmdx?df egf{ v'Nof] Û

B.Sc. CSIT BCA

knf~rf]s÷/fi6«klt ljBfb]jL e08f/Ln] lhNnfsf] kfFrvfn gu/kflnsf ( gDj/ j8fdf /x]sf] knf~rf]s eujtL dlGb/sf] bz{g u/]sL l5g\ . cl3Nnf] jif{ klg ci6dLs} lbg /fi6«klt e08f/Ln] knf~rf]s eujtL dlGb/sf] k'hf u/]sL lyO{g\ . …/fi6« k|d'vn] lhNnfdf /x]sf] knf~rf]s eujtL dlGb/sf] bz{g ug{' lhNnfs} uf}/j xf]Ú–k|d'v lhNnf

;'o{ljgfos÷c/lgsf] /fhdfu{ cGtu{tsf ;"ol{\jgfos–w'lnv]n ;8s lj:tf/ sfo{ cuf8L a9]sf] 5 . ;8ssf nflu hfkfg ;/sf/n] C0f pknAw u/fpg] lg0f{o u/]sf] 5 . pQm ;8ssf nflu hfkfg ;sf/n] @# ca{ ?k}of C0f pknAw u/fpg] lg0f{o ePsf] ;8s ljefusf j}b]lzs ;xfotf sfof{Gjog dxfzfvfsf pkdxflgb]{zs ;~hos'df/ >]i7n] atfP . ;'o{ljgfos–w'lnv]n;Ddsf] !%

lsnf]ld6/ ;8sv08 lgdf{0f ug{ cfufdL kmfu'gdf hfkfg ;/sf/;uF of] /sdsf] C0f ;Demf}tf x'g]5 . a9\bf] ;jf/L b'3{6gf / 6«flkmshfd Go"gLs/0f ug]{ p2]Zon] ;"o{l{\jgfos–w'lnv]n ;8sv08 lj:tf/ ug{ vf]lhPsf] xf] . ;8s lj:tf/af/] hfkflgh sDkgLn] k|f/lDes ;DefJotf cWoog ;DkGg eO{;s]sf] 5 . b'O{ n]gsf] ;8snfO{ cf7 n]gsf] agfpg C0f ;xof]u lng nfluPsf] xf] . pQm ;8s v08sf] kfnf;F]–;fuFf eGHofªdf afs F L @ k]hdf

gu/ kd|v ' Aof~h' cdl]/sfdf

w'lnv]n÷w'lnv]n gu/kflnsfsf k|d'v Pj+ g]kfn gu/kflnsf ;+3sf cWoIf czf]s Aof~h' sflt{s $ ut] cd]l/sf k|:yfg u/]sf 5g\ . ;8s of]hgf tyf dd{t k|lqmofaf/] a]nfotL cGt/fli6«o ljsf; lgof]u -8LPkmcfO{8L_sf] sfo{qmddf

;xefuL x'g gu/ k|d'v Aof~h' cd]l/sf uPsf x'g\ . Aof~h' pQm sfo{qmdsf nflu cd]l/sfdf b'O{ ;ftf;Dd /xg]5g\ . Aof~h'n] cd]l/sfdf l;s]sf ljifonfO{ w'lnv]n / b]ze/sf gu/kflnsfdf nfu" ug{] 5g\ . gu/ k|d'v eP kl5 Aof~h' bf];|f] k6s cd]l/sf uPsf x'g\ . afFsL @ k]hdf

T.U. k|j]z k/LIffdf pQL0f{ x'g] ljBfyL{x?nfO{ egf{sf] nflu ;Dks{ ug{x'g cg'/f]w ul/G5 .

NIST College (T.U. Affiliated)

ag]kf–(, gofFj:tL, sfe|], )!!–^^)&(@, )!!–^^@#%%

uf8L;DaGwL ;Dk"0f{ ;fdfgx? ca Pp6} 5fgfd'lg PS;fO8 Jof6«L, 6f6f sDkgLsf] :k]o;{ kf6{;x? / MAK n'la|s]G6 nufotsf uf8L ;DaGwL ;Dk"0f{ ;fdfgx? xf]n;]n tyf v'b|f d"Nodf kfOG5 . cflwsfl/s ljqm]tf

df“ r08]Zj/L c6f] :k]o;{, ag]kf, tLgbf]af6f], sfe|] kmf]g g+= )!!–^^!*()

@

r]i6f ;fKtflxs

;DkfbsLo== = = = = = = = = = =

pBf]u d}qL gLltM

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;"rgf @)&% ;fn ebf} ! ut] nfu" ePsf] b]jfgL tyf kmf}hbf/L ;+lxtfdf /x]sf d'Vo Joj:yfx? ® ck/fw cg';Gwfg tyf cbfntL sfd sf/afxLdf s'g} JolQm jf ;fIfLnfO{ a'‰g >Jo b[Zo ;Djfb -lel8of] sGkm/]G;_ sf] k|of]u ug{ ;lsg], ® ;dfrf/ kq jf ljB'tLo dfWodaf6 Dofb tfd]n ug{ ;lsg], ® c7f/ jif{ pd]/ gk'u]sf] afnaflnsfnfO{ gfaflnu dflgg],

g]kfn ;/sf/ ;+rf/ tyf ;"rgf k|ljlw dGqfno ;"rgf tyf k|;f/0f ljefu

;'grfFbLsf] ;fKtflxs ahf/ efp ldlt

2075/6/26 2075/6/27 2075/6/28 2075/6/29 2075/7/5 2075/7/6 2075/7/7

M ;|f]t

;'g k|lt !) u|f= ;'g k|lt tf]nf rfFbL k|lt !) u|f= rfFbL k|lt tf]nf

51440/51440/51270/51440/51440/51440/51525/-

60000/60000/59801/59999/59999/59999/60098/-

639/639/639/643/639/639/643/-

jif{ @$ c+s %! @)&% sflt{s * ut] ljxLjf/

745/745/745/32 750/745/32 745/32 750/-

ho >L r08L Hj]n;{ s?0ffdfu{ $#, ag]kf * ho]Gb| zfSo -(*$!@)%!&^, )!!^^!&^)_

dn's ' ;d4[ / cfTdlge/{sf] cfwf/ æxfd|f] ;d[4 g]kfn, xfdL ;'vL ;DkGg g]kfnLÆ sf] kl/sNkgf u/]sf xfdLx?n] :jfledfg / cfTdlge{/tfsf w]/} s'/fx? ul//x]sf 5f}+ . pTkfbgof]Uo æhÆ x? pkof]uL x'g ;s]sf 5}gg\ . o'jfx? lab]lzg] jf ufpFaf6 zx/df a;fO{ ;g]{ k|a[lQ al9/x]sf] 5 . zx/sf AolQmx? cd]/Lsf, Sofgf8f, ci6\«]lnof, hd{g, O{ËNof08 jf cGo d'n'sx?df k9\g] afxfgf jf /f]huf/L / :yfoL a;f]af; x'g] u/L lab]lzPsf 5g\ . ufpF3/df jf zx/L If]qdf pd]/ 9Ns]sf a[4 / ;fgf s]6fs]6Lx? dfq afFsL /x]sf 5g\ . hldg afFemf] 5 . hn ;+/If0f / ;b'kof]usf] kvf{O{df 5 . h+unnfO{ ;lx ?kdf k|of]u ug{ ;lsPsf] 5}g . /fd|f h+unx? k+rfotLsfndf g} ;vfk agfO{;s]sf 5g\ . o; ca:yfdf ;/sf/ ;d]tn] ;d[4 g]kfn elg/x]sf a]nfdf hgtfx? s/sf] df/df k/]sf] u'gf;f] ug{ yfln;s]sf 5g\ . ;/sf/n] b]z leq cGt/f{li6\«o nufgLsf] cfXjfg ul//xFbf d'n'sdf cfoft k|lt:yfkgsf pTkfbgx? a9fpg g]kfnLx?nfO{ g} k|]/0ff lbg' kg]{ ca:yfdf ePsf pBf]ux? g} wdfwd aGb ug'{kg]{ l:yltdf k'lu;s]sf 5g\ . xfdL eG5f}+ g]kfn ;d[4 agfpg n3', 3/]n' tyf ;fgf pBf]ux?n] cxd\ e"ldsf lgaf{x ug{ ;S5 . b]z ljsf;sf] d]?b08 n3', 3/]n' tyf ;fgf pBf]ux? x'g\ . k~rfotLsfnb]lv clxn] nf]stflGqs u0ftGq elg/x]sf] /fHon] g} n3', 3/]n' tyf ;fgf pBf]ux? k|lt k|lts"n Joaxf/ u/L/x]sf 5g\ . To; laifodf pbfx/0f ;lxt rrf{ ug'{ cfjZos b]v]sf] 5' . la;+ @)$@ ;fn;Dd g]kfnsf ;/sf/L tyf lghL sk8f pBf]ux?af6 pTkfbg ePsf sk8fx?sf] u'0f:t/ / l8hfOg cGoGt pTs[i6 lyP . cfofltt sk8fx?;Fu k|lt:kwf{ ul//x]sf lyP . xft] tfgx?, lah'nLaf6 rNg] kfj/ n'dx?n] w]/}nfO{ /f]huf/L lbO/x]sf lyP . /fhwfgL j/k/sf a:tLx? eQmk'/, ag]kf, kgf}tL, n'e' nufotsf 7fpFx?df 3/ 3/df tfgx? lyP . afnfh' sk8f pBf]u / x]6f}8f sk8f pBf]u ;d]tsf pTkfbgx?;Fu ef/tLo sk8fx?sf] u'0f:t/ / d"Non] g]kfnL pTkfbg;Fu k|lt:kwf{ ug{ s7Lg lyof] . a'6jn wfuf] sf/vfgfsf pTkfbgx? pTs[i6 lyP . ha d'n's l5d]sL

/fi6«sf] b'ik|efadf k/] g]kfnsf ;/sf/x? cfkm\g} b]z leqsf pBf]ux?k|lt zq'at\ Joaxf/ ug{ yfNof] . To;sf ultlalwx? clxn];Dd klg lg/Gt/ rln/x]sf 5g\ . s'g} klg ;/sf/n] ;'wf/sf nflu Ps zAb klg pRrf/0f ug{ cfjZos 7fg]gg\ . sk8f pTkfbgsf nflu cfjZos sRrf ;fdfg sfFrf] wfuf] ef/t / rLgaf6 cfoft ul/GYof] . eG;f/ b/ Go"g lyof] .

To;}n] ef/taf6 cfofltt sk8fx?eGbf g]kfnsf sk8fx? pTs[i6 / ;:tf] ePsf sf/0f g]kfnsf pTkfbgx? oy]i6 dfqfdf lyof] . :jb]zL ;'tL sk8fsf] dfu cg'?k s]lx xb;Dd cfk"lt{ klg eO/x]sf] lyof] . tTsflng k~rfotLsfndf s/La @)$# ;fnlt/ ;/sf/sf] ;f]r ablnof] . /fh:j a9fpg] gfddf sRrf ;fdfgsf] eG;f/ b/ a9fOof] / tof/L ;fdfgsf] eG;f/ b/ sd ul/of] . o;n] ubf{ g]kfndf pTkfbg ul/g] sk8fsf] d"No a9L eof] / pTkfbg sd x'Fb} uof] . xft] tfgx? / kfj/ n"dx? aGb x'g yfn] . g]kfnsf 3/]n' pBf]ux? aGb x'g] qmd lta| x'Fbf klg s'g} klg ;/sf/n] To;sf] sf/0f vf]hL ug{ rfx]gg\ . oxL qmdnfO{ d'b|0f Joa;fodf nfu" ul/of] . sfuhsf] eG;f/ b/ a9L / 5kfO{ ePsf tof/L ;fdfu|Lsf] eG;f/ b/ 36L ePsfn] d'b|0f Joa;fodf l;lyntf cfof] . To:t} u/L t]n rfdn ldnx?sf] ca:yfdf klg bf]xl/of] . clxn] c/af}+ ?k}ofsf] rfdn ef/taf6 cfoft eO{/x]sf] 5 . ePsf] s] xf] eg] g]kfndf pTkfbg ul/Psf rfdndf s/sf] b/ a9L / ef/taf6 cfoft ul/Psf rfdnsf] eG;f/ b/ 36L ePsf sf/0f g]kfnsf] pTkfbgn] k|lt:kwf{ ug{ s7Lg k¥of] . o;} s f/0f t/fO{ s f wfg pTkfbgx? wdfwd ef/tdf lgsf;L ug]{ / rfdn cfoft ug]{ qmd a9]sf] 5 . oL k|ltlglw d"ns s]lx pbfx/0fx? dfq x'g . /fHon] gh/ nufpg' kg]{ c;+Vo o:tf pBf]usf If]qx? 5g\ h;sf] ;+/If0f x'g] / cfoft k|lt:yfkg ug]{ ca;/ /fHon] lbg} kg]{ x'G5 . /fHon] ;+/If0f ug]{ eg]sf] /sd cg'bfg lbP/ dfq x'g] xf]Og . pBf]ux?n] wfGg ;lsg] eG;f/ b/, pBf]ux? lg?T;flxt gx'g] s/sf] b/, k|a4{gfTds / lgsf;L cg's"n jftfj/0f tof/L /fHosf] bfloTj xf] . pBf]u btf{, glas/0f, /fh:j

aNg] 9'+uf========================== cfPsf lyP . rf8F} w]/} k};f sdfpg] k|nf]egdf plgx?n] 8fs F f u/]sf] aofgdf atfPsf 5g\ . plgx?sf] ;d'xn] lbp;Ff]sf] rf/ ah] b]ptf vf]nfsf] yf]s/8f8Ffdf /x]sf] lrof k;ndf clgn l3l;Ë;uF e]6 u¥of] . ;f]lx of]hgf cg';f/ /ftsf] !@ ah] kfr F hgfsf] ;d'x pQm u'Dafdf k|j]z u/L lgzfg uf]n]n] 9f]sf 9s9SofP . u'Dafsf u'? ltnsaxfb'/ df]Qmfgn] ltdLx? sf] xf} < k|Zg ;f]Wbf plgx? ;a}n] cfkm'nfO{ ldNr]s} ePsfn] af; vf]Hg cfPsf] atfPsf lyP . ltnsaxfb'/n] slt hgf 5f}+ < w]/}nfO{ t ;Dej 5}g eg]kl5 lgzfgn] b'O{hgf dfq} ePsf] atfPsf lyP . ltnsaxfb'/n] 9f]sf vf]lnlbP kl5 dfS; nufO{ glrlgg] u/L lgzfg uf]n] / ljsf; a~hf/f leq k;L s]lx s'/f u/L k'gM hutaxfb'/ uf]n] / /d]z yf]s/ d'vdf dfS; nufO{ leq s]lx u/L u'Dafdf aNg] 9'+uf /x]5 xfdLnfO{ lbg' k¥of] eg] . u'? df]Qmfgn] pQm 9'+uf u'Dafdf gePsf] atfP kl5 /d]z yf]s/n] xftdf ;dft]/ d'vdf dkmn/n] y'lglbP/ ljsf; a~hf/fn] xft ;dflt/x]sf] cj:yfdf k]:tf]n ;d]t t]:of{O{ wDSofPsf lyP . 9'+uf km]nf gk/]kZrft b/fh tyf sGt'/sf] rfjL ;d]t lbPkl5 k]:tf]n t]:of{pg 5f8]/ plgx?n] u'Dafdf /x]sf] @ j6f emf]nfdf a'4sf] d"lt{, Ps srf}/f, z+v / tfdfsf] k'/fgf] k};f ;d]t emf]nfdf /fv]/ nu]sf lyP . kgf}tL gu/kflnsf j8f gDj/ @ 3/ eO{ xfn j8f gDj/ % a:g] @@ alif{o ;'dg >]i7nfO{ ;d]t c;f]h !! ut] k|x/Ln] kqmfp u/]sf] lyof] . ;'dg ag]kfdf /x]sf] l6eL k;ndf sfd ub{} cfPsf lyP . To:t} vfgLvf]nf uf=kf= j8f @ sf #^ aifL{o b]zaxfb'/ Enf]gnfO{ ;d]t k|x/Ln] kqmfp u/]sf] 5 . 36gfdf ;+nUg /fh' nfdf cem} km/f/ 5g\ . kqmfp k/]sfx?nfO{ & b]lv !$ jif{;Dd s}b / &) xhf/ b]lv ! nfv $) xhf/;Dd hl/jfgf x'g]5 . lgzfg uf]n]n] b]zaxfb'/ uf]n]nfO{ 36gf kl5 ;lDw ldzg km]n eg]/ P;PdP; u/]sf lyP .

sfgk'/af;L=========================== 5f]/fx? dWo] h]7f] ufpFd} lzIfs 5g\ eg] dfO{nf] o'Pgdf sf7df8f}df sfd ub{} cfPsf 5g\ . a'9flgns07 :s'ndf cWoog ug{] cj;/ kfPsf dfO{nf] 5f]/f lty{ nfdf kf/; zfxsf ;xkf7L x'g\ . kf/; / pgL Pp6} sIffdf cWoog u/]sf lyP . sfG5f] a}b]lzs /f]huf/sf] qmddf aflx/ 5g\ . 1fgWjh 5f]/f a'xf/L ePsf] :yfgdf ;d]t ga;L PSn} a:b} cfPsf lyP . Pp6f e};L, ufO{, afv|f ;d]t kfn]/ b}lgs rf/ ln6/ b'w ljqmL ub{} cfPsf 1fgWjhsf] Pp6f uf]7, Pp6f e'sDkn] eTsfPsf] 3/ / e'sDk kl5 agfPsf] 6x/f lyof] . uf]7df ufO{ a:t' afFWg], elTsPsf] v/sf] 5fgf] ePsf] 3/df vfgf ksfP/ vfg] / Tolx 3/df hd/f ;lxtsf] k'hfcfhf ug{] u/]sf 1fgWjh 6x/fdf ;'Tb} cfPsf lyP . 36gfsf] k|s[lt s]lx a]/ 1fgWjh / xTof ug{] AolQmx? aLr 3D;f3D;L k/]sf] b]lvG5 . pgsf] 6\ofÍf km'6fO{Psf] 5 eg] 6\ofÍfdf ePsf ;fdfgx? n'l6Psf 5g\ . Tolxlg/ sfuhkqdf cfunfuL ul/Psf] 5 . k|x/L k|jQmf l8P:kL lbks lu/Lsf cg';f/ 1fgWjhsf] s~r6df b'O{j6f 9'+ufn] ahfl/Psf] 5 . 6fpsf]df lubL lgl:sPsf] 5 . pgL 3/ aflx/ 3/sf] ;'/ lg/ 9n]sf 5g\ . pgL 9n]sf] :yfglg/ pgsf] xft;Fu} v's'/L 5 . pgn] v's'/Ln] k|xf/ ug{] k|of; u/]sf] 36gf:ynsf] k|s[ltaf6 b]lvG5 . s]lx dlxgf cl3 sfG5L a'xf/Lsf] 3/df ufpFs} lrg]hfg]sf] AolQmn] n'6kf6 u/]sf lyP . k|x/Ln] tTsfn} s]lGb|o cg';Gwfg 6f]nL lemsfP/ s's'/ dfkm{t ck/fwL kQf nufpg] k|of; u/]sf] lyof] . xTof/fx? s'g p2]Zon] 1fgWjh a;]sf] 3/df k'u] < sltsf] ;+Vofdf lyP < 1fgWjhsf] xTof ;d]t u/]/ lsg 3/df / sfuhdf cfuf] nufP < k|x/Ln] cg';Gwfg ul//x]sf] k|x/L k|d'v /lj/fh v8\sfn] atfP . 6f]nL g} agfP/ cg';Gwfg z'? ul/Psf] P;kL v8\sfn] atfP . 1fgWjhsf] 3/ ufpFaf6 PsfGt s;}n] b]Vg g;Sg] :yfgdf lyof] . k|x/Ln] To; :yfgdf ;'/Iff Aoj:yf s8f agfPsf] 5 eg] AolQmx?sf] lgu/fgL / r]shfFr lta| kf/]sf] 5 .

cfhsf] ljrf/ k|sfz ‘pHHjn’

pBf]u btf{, glas/0f, /fh:j ;+sng Joa:yfdf bf]xf]/f]kgfn] pBf]ux? lg?T;fxL alg/x]sf 5g\ . /fh:j a9fpg] gfddf pBf]ux? w/f;foL x'g] ultlalw /fHon] ug]{ xf] eg] d'n'ssf] k/lge{/tf a9\b} hfg] s'/f lgla{afb 5 .

;+sng Joa:yfdf bf]xf]/f]kgfn] pBf]ux? lg?T;fxL alg/x]sf 5g\ . /fh:j a9fpg] gfddf pBf]ux? w/f;foL x'g] ultlalw /fHon] ug]{ xf] eg] d'n'ssf] k/lge{/tf a9\b} hfg] s'/f lgla{afb 5 . s] g]kfn s'g} klg a:t' pTkfbg ug{ / cfTdlge{/ x'g c;Ifd xf] < g] k fn ;/sf/n] ;a} laifox?df cfnf]rgfaf6 hf]lug] xf] eg] eG;f/ b/ / pTkfbgdf nfUg] s/df k"g/fanf]sg ug}{k5{ . clxn] s/sf] laifodf cGwfw'Gw la/f]w cfO/x]sf] ;dodf s/of]Uo If]qx?df s/sf] bfo/f a9fpg' / Go"g s/ p7fpg'df s;}af6 cfklQ x'g] 5}g . clxn] hgtfn] c;xdlt hgfPsf] laifo eg]sf] /fh:j b'?kof]u k|ltsf] la/f]w xf] . 7"nf s/bftfx?nfO{ /fh:j ldgfxf ug]{ / ;fgf /

s/bftfx?nfO s/sf] b/ a9fpg] gLltsf] la/f]w xf] . /fh:j a9fpg] gfddf g} ;+l3o ;/sf/, k|b]z ;/sf/ / :yfgLo ;/sf/n] bf]xl/g] ul/ nufPsf] s/sf] dfq la/f]w xf] . ;/sf/n] c? ldq /fi6«;Fu bf]x/f] s/ gnfUg] ul/ ;Demf}tf ul//fVg] clg cfkm} d'n's leq ;+l3o, k|b]z / :yfgLo ;/sf/ aLr ;dGjo gu/L hgtfnfO{ bf]x/f] s/df si6s/ agfpg' s;/L Gofof]lrt xf]nf / < ha;Dd b]z leqsf n3', 3/]n' tyf ;fgf pBf]ux?nfO{ k|a4{g ug]{ u/L /fHon] gLlt canDag ug{ / pBf]u d}qL s/ Joa:yf sfof{Gjog ug{ ;Sb}g ta;Dd d'n'sn] :jfledfg / cfTdlge{/tfsf] jsfnt ug'{ a]sf/ x'g]5 . s'g} klg ;/sf/sf] sf]/f / s8f efif0fn] b]z ;d[l4df hfg ;Dej 5}g . o; af/]df /fHo slxn] ulDe/ x'g] vf]O{ <

;xeflutf /x]sf] lyof] . ( ah]/ #% ldg]6df dlGb/ k|j]z u/]sL /fi6«kltn] ( ah]/ %) ldg]6df k'hf ;dfkg u/L kmls{PsL lyO{g\ . /fi6«klt e08f/LnfO{ kfFrvfn gu/kflnsfsf] tkm{af6 dfofsf] lrgf] k|bfg ul/Psf] lyof] . :yfgLox?sf] Wofgfsif{0fnfO{ ;Sbf] kxn ug{] /fi6«kltn] atfO{g\ . :yfgLox?n] dlGb/ lgdf{0f sfo{ ;DkGg u/L uh'/ /fVg] / To;sf] pb\3f6g /fi6«kltaf6} u/fpg] of]hgf ;'gfP . /fi6«klt To; s'/fdf ;sf/fTds /x]sf] sf]iffWoIf /fdz/0f lu/Ln] atfP .

wl'nvn ] –;o'l{jgfos=================== bO'{ dv ' ] ;? ' ªdfu{ lgdf0{f ul/g5] . ;o"j{gfosaf6 Ps bzdnj @( lsld b/"Lsf] ;? ' ªdfu{ sf7df8fa}+ f6 aflxl/g] / ;fx]L :yfgdf ! bzdnj @# lsldsf] ;? ' ª eg] kj|z ] sf nflu agfOg] 5 . sf7df8fa}+ f6 aflxl/g] eGbf lelqg] b/"L ^ ld6/ 5f6]f] xg'] kf|/lDes cWoog kl|tjb]gn] bv ] fPsf] 5 . eQmk/'sf] knf;Fa]f6 wl'nvn ] hfg] ;8sdf kg{] 3l'Dtn] ;8s b3'6{gf lgDTofpg] ePsfn] ;? ' ªdfu;{lxtsf] kf|/lDes ;DefJotf cWoog ul/Psf] dxfzfvfn] atfPsf] 5 . hfkfg ;/sf/sf] ;xof]ud} lgdf{0f ul/Psf] pQm ;8s hf]8\g] sf]6]Zj/–;"ol{\jgfos ;8sv08 ^ n]gsf] 5 . ;8s lj:tf/sf nflu hfkfgn] )=@ k|ltzt Aofhdf C0f lbg] k|lta4tf AoQm u/]sf] 5 . hfkfg;Fu C0f ;Demf}tf 6'+uf] nfu]kl5 lj:t[t kl/of]hgf k|ltj]bg -8LkLcf/_ k|lqmof cl3 a9fOg] 5 . ;8s lj:tf/sf nflu cfjZos hUuf clws/0f tyf 3/ 6x/fsf] d'cfAhf ljt/0fdf hfkfgsf] ;xof]u /sd vr{ x'g] 5}g.

To;sf nflu g]kfn ;/sf/n] nufgL ug{]5 . lhNnfsf] ;fFuf b]lv w'lnv]n;Ddsf] cltqmd0f x6fpg] sfo{ z'? eO{;s]sf] 5 .

gu/ k|d'v=================== gu/ k|d'v eP ;Fu} sf]l/of, rLg / OG8f]g]l;ofsf] e|d0f ul/;s]sf Aof~h'n] ljb]z e|d0faf6 ;x/L of]hgf, sfg'g lgdf{0f, ljsf; ;fem]bfl/tf, ;'zf;g / ;fd"bflos ;xsfo{h:tf ljifodf 1fg xfl;n u/]sf] atfP . ljb]z e|d0faf6 gu/ k|d'v Aof~h'n] cfGtl/s ;'zf;g, sfg'g lgdf{0f, s[lif / pBdzLntf gLlt, ko{6g ljsf;nufotsf ljifodf l;s]sf s'/fnfO{ nfu' ub}{ uPsf] hfgsf/L lbP .

;fd'bflos ;fsf];sf] d+un6f/df ;]jf s]Gb|

uh'/df===================== ;ldltsf ;+of]hs Pj+ Aoj:yfkg ;ldltsf sf]iffWoIf /fdz/0f /]UdLn] dlGb/sf] uh'/ ;lxtsf] lgdf{0f sfo{sf] %) k|ltzt sfo{ ;DkGg ug{ ;/sf/nfO{ yk ;xof]usf nflu lgb{]zg lbg cg'/f]w u/]sf lyP . /fi6«klt ;Fu} gful/s p8\8og tyf ko{6g dGqL /ljGb| clwsf/L / /fi6«klt e08f/LsL h]7L 5f]/L ;xeflu lyP . /fi6«klt e08f/L sf7df8f}af6 kfFrvfndf /x]sf] g]kfnL ;]gfsf] Aof/]s;Dd x]lnsK6/df cfO{ ToxfFaf6 uf8L dfkm{t knf~rf]s eujtL dlGb/ k'u]sL lyO{g\ . * lsdL ;8s uf8Ldf k'Ubf s]lxj]/ ;j{;fwf/0fsf] cfjfudg /f]lsPsf] lyof] . /fi6«kltsf] :jfutsf nflu lhNnf ;dGjo ;ldlt k|d'v p4j s];L, k|d'v lhNnf clwsf/L s[i0faxfb'/ /fpt, @^ gDj/ aflxgL es'08]sf aflxgLklt ldgWjh v8\sf, g]kfn gu/kflnsf ;+3sf cWoIf tyf w'lnv]n gu/kflnsf k|d'v czf]s Aof~h', gu/kflnsf ;+3sf ;b:o tyf kfFrvfn gu/kflnsf k|d'v dx]z v/]n, P;kL /lj/fh v8\sf, s0f{]n ;'jf; v8\sf, pkk|d'vx? lhNnf ;dGjo ;ldltsL d~h' uf}td, kfFrvfn gu/kflnsfsL nIdL bg'jf/, ag]kfsL /]vf ;fksf]6f, w'lnv]nsL ljdnf zdf{, kfFrvfn gu/kflnsf k|d'v k|zf;lso clws[t ef]nf rfkfufO{, j8f cWoIfx?, dlGb/ Aoj:yfkg ;ldltsf ;b:ox?, :yfgLox?sf]

kgf}tL÷;fd'bflos jrt tyf C0f ;xsf/L ;+:yf ln= kgf}tL $ 6f}vfn sfe|]knfGrf]ssf] * cf}+ ;]jf s]Gb| c;f]h @% ut] /f]zL ufpFkflnsf j8f g++= ( d+un6f/df z'ef/De ePsf] 5 . /f]zL ufpkflnsfsf cWoIf l8=lj nfdfsf] k|d'v cflyTodf ;DkGg sfo{qmddf d+un hgljho pRr df=ljsf ljBfno Joj:yfkg ;ldltsf cWoIf ah|Wjh nfdf nufot ;xeflu ePsf lyP . ;+:yfsf cWoIf k|sfz jGhf/f, k|d'v ;Nnfxfsf/ lbks yfkf

tyf cGo ;+3 ;+:yfsf k|ltlglwx?sf] ;xeflutf lyof] . pQm pb\3f6g sfo{qmd ;+:yfsf ;lrj d's'Gb zdf{n] ;+rfng u/]sf lyP eg] :jfut dGtJo ;+:yfsf pkfWoIf k|tfk tfd|fsf/n] /fv]sf lyP . sfo{qmddf ! ;o #% hgf :yfgLosf] pkl:ylt /x]sf] lyof] ;fy} ;f]xL lbg &% hgfn] ;+:yfsf] ;b:otf lnPsf lyP . ;+:yfsf k|d'v sfo{sf/L clws[t dbg j:g]tn] ;+:yfsf] k[i7e'dL, xfnsf] jt{dfg cj:yf, ;+:yfsf] ;]jf s]Gb| tyf ;+:yfn] pknJw u/fpg] j:t' tyf ;]jfx?sf] jf/]df hfgsf/L u/fPsf lyP .

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lhNnf k|x/L sfof{no sfe|k] nf~rf]s hGd, afNosfn, c}krfl/s lzIffM @)@^ ;fndf sf7df8f} lhNnfsf] ;'Gb/Lhnsf] ?K;]6f/ eGg] :yfgdf d]/f] hGd eof] . glhs} g]kfnL ;]gfsf] xltof/ agfpg] sfof{no lyof] . kl/jf/sf] sfG5f] ;Gtfg lyPF d . b'O{ bfO{ / b'O{ lbbL x'gx' G' 5 . ufpFd} /x]sf] afn ;'wf/ lgdfljaf6 sIff & ;Dd cWoog u/]+ . sIff * b]lv P;Pn;L;Dd sf7df8f}sf] n}grf}/df /x]sf] zflGt ljBf u[x ljBfnodf cWoog u/]+ . kl/jf/df ;a}sf] ;f]r ;GtfgnfO{ k9fpg' k5{ eGg] lyof] . d dfyL cleefjsx?sf] ljZjf; klg lyof] . lgdflj cWoog ;s]kl5 n}grf}/ hfFbf 8]/f vf]h/] } ljBfnodf egf{ ul/lbg' ePsf] lyof] . sIff ! b]lv & ;Dd cWoog ubf{ lbbLn] ha{hl:t af]s/] n}hfg' x'GYof] . ?Gy], emu8f uy{,] slxn]sfFlx lbbLsf] a'Od{ } r9]/ pxfFnfO{ s'l6/x]sf] x'Gy]+ . lj:tf/} afgL nfUg yfNof] . kl5 tLg hgf ;fyL eof}+ . lgoldt ljBfno hfg yfNof}+ . sIff ! af6 cWoog u/]/ lj:tf/} cuf8L a9\bf k9fO{sf] dxTj sd yfxf lyof] . lstfjsf clwsf+z kfgfx? RofltPsf x'Gy] . v]Ng], /dfO{nf] ug{] / lgoldt ljBfno hfFbf 3/df eGbf ljBfno g} /dfO{nf] x'g yfn]sf] lyof] . slxn]sfFlx lzIfssf] sf/jfxLdf klg k/]sf] 5' . d}n] ulNt g} gu/]sf] s'/fdf dnfO{ sf/jfxL u/]kl5 a'afnfO{ lnP/ ljBfno k'us ] f] lyPF . aRrfx?nfO{ klg cgfjZos ?kdf sf/jfxL ubf{ ljb|fx] sf] efjgf hGdbf] /x]5 . lzIfsx?n] ljBfyL{x?nfO{ l;:gf] kfgL lnP/ a:g' x'GYof] . ljgfsf/0f d]/f] sfg lzIfsn] tfg]kl5 a'afnfO{ ljBfno nu]sf] lyPF pxfFn] ;fdfGo xf] eg]kl5 vf;} Tof] s'/f cl3 a9]g . sf]7fsf] a;fO{ ;s;k"0f{ x'GYof] . a'afcfdfsf] b'Mv d}n] ;DemGy]+ . xfdL bfh'efO{ ;Fu} a:g] u/]sf lyof}+ . z'?df xfdLnfO{ sf]7fdf a:g sl7g lyof] . 3/sf] dfof, a'af cfdfsf] ;fyn] 3/ uP/ sf]7fdf kms{g' gk/] x'GYof] h:tf] nfUYof] . sIff * df gofF cg'ej eof] . ufpFsf] ljBfnodf c;fWo} /fd|f] lyof] . klxnf] k/LIffdf d km]n ePF . tLgj6f ;]S;g lyP . k9\gn] fO{ P, sd a9\gn] fO{ lj / k9\b} gk9\gn] fO{ ;L ;]S;gdf /flvPsf] lyof] . bfO{sf] cWoog sdhf]/ lyof] . d}n] t s]lx ug{} k¥of] eGg] nfUYof] . clns d]xgtsf ;fy cWoog ubf{ bf]>f] k/LIffdf b'O{ ljifodf dfq} km]n ePF . clGtd k/LIffdf h;/L klg kf; x'g ;lsPg eg] ;]S;g P df cWoog ug{ kfO{bg} eGg] lyof] . sIff * af6 ( df hfFbf /fd|f;] uF ;a} ljifodf kf; ePF . d]/f] dfdfx? dWo] clwsf+z ;DkGg x'gx' G' Yof] . Pshgf dGqfnodf x'gx' G' Yof] . Pshgf /fhgLlt1 x'gx' G' Yof] . ddLsf c? lbbL alxgLsf ;a} ;Gtfg ;Ifd lyP . xfdL dfq} clns sdhf]/ h:tf] ePsfn] Tof] Ov klg ddf lyof] . s]lx ug{ cWoog ug{k} 5{ .

Tof] s'/fn] klg dnfO{ lgoldt d]xgt ug{ l;sfof] . sIff ( df cem} /fd|f] eof] k9fO{ . sIff !) emg} /fd|f] eof] . P;P;n;L klg ;f]rh] :t} bf]>f] >]0fLdf kf; ePF . s]lx ;fyLx? sIff 5f8]/ lkmNd x]g{ hfGy] . xfdL slxNo} lkmNd x]g{ hfFbg} lyof}+ . ufpFdf c? ;fyLx? lkmNd x]g{ uPsf], lkmNd x]g{ uP/ cWoog gu/]sf] s'/f x'GYof] . abdf; AolQmx?n] dfq} To:tf] sfd u5{g\ eg]kl5 dnfO{ slxNo} lkmNd x]g{ dg nfu]g . P;Pn;L kf; ePkl5 dfq} lkmNd x]g]{ eGg] lg0f{odf xfdL k'Uof}+ . c? unt af6f]df klg nfluPg . slxNo} sIff 5fl8Pg . lgoldt cWoog ug{' / ljBfnodf uP/ /fd|f] ljBfyL{ aGg' d]/f] nIo / pb]Zo aGof] . 8]/fsf] af; ;s; lyof] . ufpFsf] jftfj/0f / 8]/fsf] jftfj/0f ldNb}g lyof] . aGwgdf k/]sf] h:tf] cg'el' t x'GYof] . 3/ g5f8L k|ult klg x'bF f] /x]g5 . ufpFd} a:bfsf] d]/f] cWoog / sf7df8f} a;]kl5sf] d]/f] cWoogdf w]/} km/s eof] . k|ultsf nflu ;+3if{, d]xgt h?/L 5 . sIff @ k9\bf cleefjssf] sf/jfxLdf k/]sf] 5' . cfdfn] dnfO{ w]/} dfof ug{' x'GYof] . c? bfO{ lbbLx? slxn]sfFlx dnfO{ w]/} dfof u/]sf]df cfdf;Fu l/;fpg' klg x'GYof] . a'af cfdf v]ltkftLd} ePsfn] Ao:t x'gx' G' Yof] . aRrfnfO{ vfgf v'jfpg klg Eofpg] ;do lyPg . cfdf 3/df cfPkl5 lbpF;f] dnfO{ hfpnf] ksfP/ v'jfpg' kb{Yof] . Pslbg ksfpg Eofpg' ePsf] /x]g5 . cfdf;Fu emu8f u/]5' . b'w, eft / hfpnf] dfq} dg kb{Yof] . k9fO{ klg ljlu|Psf] /x]5 . dnfO{ sIff @ df cWoog ubf{ k9fO{sf] dxTj g} a'em]sf] lyO{g . Tolxa]nf cfdfn] k9\g' 5}g, tnfO{ vfg' dfq} kg{] eGb} s'6g\ ' ePsf] ofb 5 . 3/df b'Mv lyof] . rfx]hlt vr{ ug{ ;Sg] cj:yf lyPg . s[lifsf] pAhgLaf6 cfDbfgL ePaf6 dfq} 3/ vr{ rnfpg' kb{Yof] . 3/df w]/} vr{ x'GYof] . cfDbfgLsf] af6f] cGg afx]s s]lx lyPg . cfdfa'afsf] b'Mv b]v/] dnfO{ slxNo} nfdf] xft ug{] dg nfu]g . 7'nf] eP/ a'afcfdfnfO{ s;/L ;xof]u ug{ ;S5' eGg] dfq} ;f]lr/xGy]+ . ljBfno hfg' eGbf afx]ssf] ;do slxn]sfFlx 3/sf] sfd ug{] / afFsL /x]sf] ;do cWoogdf Wofg lbg yfn]+ . a'af cfdfn] cfkm' v]ltkftL u/] klg tF rfFlx cWogg dfq} u/ eGg' x'GYof] . d}n] sfd eGbf w]/} cWoognfO{ Wofg lbg yfn]+ .

P;Pn;L w]/} dxTjk"0f{ ?kdf lng] ul/GYof] . P;Pn;L kf; u¥of] eg]kl5 To;sf] zfg cs{} lyof] . P;Pn;L lbP/ s]lx ;do d}n] ljBfnodf lzIfs eP/ sfd klg u/]+ . sDKo'6/ l;Sg] s'/f lyof] . Tof] rfFlx l;Sg ;lsg . cfdf lj/fdL x'gx' G' Yof] . ufpFdf lzlj/ rn]sf] lyof] . cfdfnfO{ lzlj/df lnP/ cfPsf] lyPF . dfG5]x? uf]/vfkq x]l//x]sf /x]5g\ . dnfO{ nfUof] P;Pn;Lsf] l/hN6 eP h:tf] 5 . ;f]w+] xf] /x]5 . af6f]df uf]/vfkq x]g]{ dfG5]n] d]/f] gDj/ x]l/lbof] . d kf; eP5' . cfdfnfO{ ;'gfPF . pxfF emg} v'zL x'g' eof] . a'af cfdf 3/ kl/jf/sf ;a} ;b:ox? v'zL eof} . P;Pn;L kf; ug{] kl/jf/sf] klxnf] ;Gtfg lyPF d . P;Pn;L kf; u/]kl5 d}n] n cWoog ug{] ;f]rn] n SofDk;df egf{ ePF . ljBfyL{ hLjgdf eljiodf o;f] u5{,' p;f] u5{' eGg] lyPg .

P;Pn;L kf; u/]kl5 eljZosf af/]df ;f]Rg] cj:yf lyPg . P;Pn;L kf; u/]/ 7'nf] dfG5] aGg' k5{ eGg] dfq} ;f]r lyof] .

P;Pn;L kl5M P;Pn;L kf; eP kl5 d]/f] Pshgf cfkmGtn] sfg'gsf] :sf]k 5 eGg'eof] . pxfFs} ;Nnfxdf d n SofDk;df egf{ ePsf] lyPF . af}4df /x]sf] ljBfnodf d}n] k9fO{/x]sf] lyPF . dnfO{ ljBfno 5f8\g lbO{Psf] lyPg . dnfO{ ul0ft /fd|f] cfpFYof] . afl0fHo ul0ft k9fpg km]/L k|:tfj cfof] . d}n] Tof] k|:tfjsf] ;xh} cl:jsf/ u/]+ / SofDk; cWoog ug{ nfu]+ . dnfO{ s] dx;'; eof] eg] Tof] ljBfnodf cWoog u/]/ a;]+ eg] ToxfF afx]s d]/f] eljio x'g ;Sb}g . Tolx sf/0f ljBfnodf 5f8]/ k9\g dfq} nfu]+ . ;'Gb/Lhnaf6 ToxfF;Dd cfpg ;do nfUYof] . t/ klg d}n] lgoldt cWoog u/]+ . hflu/df k|jz ] M @)$& ;fndf cfO{Pn kf; ePsf] dfq} lyPF . c;O{df egf{ v'ns ] f] /x]5 . d}n] k|x/L ;]jfdf hflu/ vfg' x'bF g} eGg] xNnfs} aLrdf klg hflu/ vfg' k5{ eGg] ;f]rn] kmf/fd e/]+ . hflu/ vfPkl5 kl/jf/df klg ;xof]u x'G5 eGg] ;f]rn] e/]sf] kmf/fddf gfd lgsfn]+ . Ps jif{sf] tflnd klg ;s]+ . sl7g lyof] tflnd . s]lx ;fyLx? tflnd lbFbf lbb} efu] . s8f tflnd, cg'zf;g, z}nLn] w]/} AolQmx? efUg ;S5g\ . Tof] tflndn] klxnf] n]ensf] dfG5] aG5 . dfG5]sf] u'0fdf a[l4 x'G5 . cfO{Pn cWoog ubf{ub{} hflu/ vf]hL ul/gF . eljiodf s] ug{] eGg] s'/f cu|hn] af6f] b]vfpg' kg{] /x]5 . ljBfyL{x?n] cfkm}n] cfkm\gf] af6f] /f]Hg ;Sbf] /x]g5 . p;sf] Ifdtf cg';f/ p;n] s] ug{ ;S5 Tof] ;Nnfx lbg ;lsof] eg] p;n] ;kmntf k|fKt ubf{] /x]5 . d]/f] ;dodf dnfO{ ufO{8 ul/lbg] dfG5] lyPgg\ . nf]s;]jf cfof]u lbg ;Sg] Ifdtf /x]5 . t/ d}n] hfg' k5{ eGg] g} ePg . cWoog /fd|f] lyof] . cfO{Pn lgoldt kf; u/]+ . ljPn klg /fd|f];Fu} kf; u/]+ . %÷^ ;o ljBfyL{ lyP . km]n geO{ lgoldt kf; x'g] $)÷%) hgf dfq} x'Gy] . To;df d kg{] u/]sf] lyPF . k9fO{ sdhf]/ /x]g5 . k|x/Ldf gcfO{ cWoog ;s]/ k|x/Ldf egf{ ePsf] eP klg x'g] /x]5 . c;O{af6 hflu/sf] z'?jft eof] . OG;k]S6/af6 z'? ePsf] eP d]/f] n]en Tolx cg';f/ hfGYof] . cWoog cg';f/sf] hflu/ z'?af6} ePsf] eP s]lx cem} ug{ ;Sy]+ . :t/ klg d]/f] clns km/s x'GYof] . ljPn ;s]/ k|x/Lsf]df hflu/ vfPsf] eP d;Fu km/s vfnsf] cg'ej x'GYof] . ljBfyL{x?nfO{ af6f] b]vfpg] /fd|f] ;Nnfxsf/ cfjZos 5 . jftfj/0f / ;Nnfx, eljZo s] xf] < p;Fu s] Ifdtf 5 < Tof] s'/fsf] hfgsf/L lnP/ p;nfO{ cuf8L a9fpg cfjZos 5 . c;O{df hflu/ vfPsf] s]lx jif{ kl5 d}n] k|x/L lgl/Ifsdf kl/Iff lbPF .

Tolta]nf :j–cWoog u/]/ ljPn kf; ul/;s]sf] lyPF . /f}6x6df hflu/ lyof] . ;?jf ldnfP/ sf7df8f} cfP . 3/ Aojxf/ >LdtLn] x]g,]{ hflu/df d]xgt d}n] ug{] ;Nnfx eof] . @)%@ ;fndf kl/Iff lbPsf] lyPF . @)%$ ;fndf tflnd z'? eof] . Tolta]nfsf] Pp6f sxfgL 5 . xfd|f] kfnfd} k|x/L lgl/Ifssf] tflnd nf]s;]jfn] lng] eGg] lgod nfUof] .

8fo/L dgsf] df]tL/fd ltdlN;gf xfdLn] nf]s;]jf g} lbP/ kf; u¥of}+ . ;f];{ kmf];d{ f hflu/ vfg] s'/fsf] cGTo eof] . df]tLnfn af]xf]/f x'gx' G' Yof] dxflg/LIfs . pxfFn] nf]s;]jfnfO{ lhDdf nufO{ lbP kl5 s]lxsf] of]hgf k'/f ePg . #) hgfsf] sf]6f lyof] . #) hgfdf @( hgfn] dfq} kf; u¥of}+ . lnlvtdf gfd lgl:sPkl5 cGt{jftf{ ufx|f] ePg . Pshgf cem} k'ug] . km]n x'g] ;fyLx?n] ;jf{R] rdf d'2f /fVg'eof] . xfdLn] klg k};f p7fP/ d'2f n8\of}+ . d'sG' b /]UdL nufotsf al/i7 sfg'g Aoj;foLx?n] ax; ug{' eof] xfd|f] tkm{af6 . nf]s;]jf cfof]un] lnPsf] :jR5 kl/Iff lbP/, kf; u/]/ s] lju|G5 / < pxfFsf] ax;n] ;jf{R] raf6 xfd|f] kIfdf ax; eof] . xfdLn] hflu/ vfof}+ . lg/Gt/sf] hflu/ kl5 l8P:kL x'bF } P;kL ePF . hflu/df cfpg' eGbf cl3 k|x/Lsf af/]df dnfO{ unt e|d lyof] . qm'/ x'G5g\ . dfG5]nfO{ nf7L dfq} xfG5g\ . k|x/L hgtfsf] ;fyL xf]Og{ . unt :yfgdf k|jz ] ul/P5 eGg] lyof] . ha d ;+u7gdf k|jz ] u/]+ To;kl5 dfq} yfxf kfPF k|x/L leqsf] cg'zf;g . cg'zf;gdf /xg] Pp6f kljq ;+:yf /x]5 k|x/L . unt sfd u/] sf/jfxL x'g,] /fd|f] sfd dfq} ug{k' g{] km/s vfnsf] ;+u7g /x]5 . k|x/L leq sfo{/t k|x/L clkm;/sf /fd|f /fd|f Aojxf/x?n] dnfO{ emg} x'?Ss} agfof] . cfGbf]ngdf k|x/L d/]sf] va/ ;'Gbf cfª l;l/Ë x'GYof] . k|x/Lsf] hgtfsf] ;'/Iff / zflGt, b]zsf] /Iff / ;'/Iff afx]s c? s'g} :jfy{ 5}g . hgtfsf] ;]jf ug{] sfd k|x/Lsf] xf] . hgtfnfO{ s;/L /fd|f] ;]jf lbg] < s;/L cGofo x'g glbg] < To;nfO{ k|x/Ln] s;/L /]:So' ug{] < k|x/L ;fO{G;df c? s'/f n]vs ] } 5}g . k|To]s kfgfkfgfdf, tflnddf, ljZjljBfnodf Tolx s'/f l;sfPsf] x'G5 . hgtfs} nflu /ut / kl;gf aufpg] k|x/L g} xf] . /fi6« k|d] / b]zk|d] l;sfPsf] x'G5 . /fi6« / b]zsf nflu k|x/L xf] . k|x/Ln] b]z / /fi6«sf nflu alnbfg lbg'k5{ . k|x/Ldf hlt /fi6«kd]| s;};uF x'bg} . k|x/Ln] hlt b]z / hgtf s;}n] a'em]sf] x'Fbg} . hgtf xfF:bf xf:g] / ?Fbf ?g] k|x/L dfq} xf] . b]zsf nflu w]/} ;dk{0f 5 k|x/Lsf] . b]zsf] pGgtL / k|utL ug{ k|x/L ;]jf dfkm{t d]/f] rfxgf k'/f ePsf] 5 . ;z:q åGådf klg xfdL lg/Gt/ vl6of}+ . hgtf;Fu d]/f] ;fldKotf lyof] . hgtfn] xfdLnfO{ ;'/lIft x'g] af6f] b]vfpg' x'GYof] . dfcf]jfbLsf] ljb|fx] sf a]nf xfdL yf]/} ;+Vofdf x'GYof}+ . ul:t ub{} hfFbf Ps lbg ufpFsf ;a} dfG5]x? ?g yfn] . klxnf k|x/L a;]sf] /x]5 . k|x/L p7]/ lx8]sf] /x]5 . xfdL eGbf clns 6f9f dfcf]jfbLsf] 7'nf] kmf}h /x]5 . xfdL / plgx?sf] le8Gt x'g] 8/df plgx?n] xfdLnfO{ af6f] 5]s]/ /f]Sg'eof] . pxfFx?n] w]/} dfof ug{'eof] . w]/} dfG5] hflu/ 5f8]/ klg uP . d]/f] 3/ kl/jf/df efu]/ sfd gug{', b]znfO{ ;+s6 k/]sf] a]nf of]ubfg k'¥ofpg' k5{ eGg] ;sf/fTds ;xof]u lyof] . b]z o'4df 5 . b]zn] d]/f] ;xof]u dfu]sf] 5 h:tf] nfUYof] . b]znfO{ hf]ufpg' k5{ . dfcf]jfbL ljb|f]xLx? klg b]zs} nflu n8\g' ePsf] lyof] . b]z arfpgsf nflu xfdL ;a} n8]sf lyof}+ . b]z arfpg] lhDdf k|x/Lsf] sfFwdf cfPsf] 5 eGg] efj / ;f]rn] cuf8L al9/x]+ . x]8\Sjf6/af6 efn'jfËdf nu]/ tflnd lbof] . /f]Nkfsf] ufpFdf x]lnsK6/n] nu]/ xfdLnfO{ 5fl8lbof] . /f]Nkf dfcf]jfbLsf] pb\ud:yn xf] . o'4sf] dfgl;stf lyof] . s'ga]nf dl/G5 afFlrG5 yfxf lyPg . ljs6 ufpFdf @)÷@! hgfsf] ;d'x a;]/ ;z:q ljb|f]xL;Fu n8\g ;xh lyPg . d}n] sdf08 ;Dxfn]+ . xfdL jL/ xf}+ k5f8L x6\g' x'Fb}g . b]zsf nflu n8\g' k5{ eGg] efjgfn] xfdL ;w} lg/Gt/ nflu/x\of}+ . k|x/L ;+u7gsf] lz/ em'Sg lbg' x'Fb}g eGg] pRr dgf]an lyof] . pxfFx? klg pRr dgf]ansf ;fy nl8/xg' ePsf] lyof] . pxfFx?sf af/]df xfdLn] klg ;'lg/x]sf x'GYof}+ . afFRgsf nflu klg n8\g' lyof] . 3/ kl/jf/ dfof df/]sf lyof}+ . ^ dlxgfdf 3/df ;Dks{ ug{ kfPF . l8P:kL sdf08/ x'g'x'GYof] . 3/ kl/jf/df pxfFn] va/ ul/lbg' ePsf] lyof] . klxnf] lbg 5f]/L ljBfno uPsf] ;dodf klg ;Dks{ x'g ;s]sf] lyO{g . k|x/L ;+u7g leqsf] efjgf Tolx lyof] . AolQmsf] :jfy{ eGbf dfyL /x]/ xfdLn] sfd u/]sf lyof}+ . clxn] klg To:t} 5 . hflu/sf cjwLdf To:t} w]/} cg'ejx? 5g\ . k|x/L c;O{af6 z'? ePsf] d]/f] hflu/ clxn] P;kLdf rln/x]sf] 5 . /fhgLltM k~rfotL Aoj:yf lyof] . xfd|f] ufpFdf kf6L{x?sf] vf;} k|efj lyPg .

SofDk;df uPsf] a]nf ljBfyL{ ;+u7gx?n] gofF ljBfyL{nfO{ :jfut ub{y] . Pstf kfFrf}+, g]lj;+3, qmflGtsf/L h:tf ;+u7gx? lyP . s]lx ljBfyL{x? /fhgLlt ub{y] . d ;+ul7t st} ePsf] lyO{g . d]/f b'O{ hgf ;fyLx? g} km/s km/s ;+u7gsf x'g'x'GYof] . pxfFx? Psn] csf{]sf] lj?4df s'/f u/]/ dnfO{ ;+u7gdf nfUg cg'/f]w ug{'x'GYof] . lrtjgsf] dfglgo x'g'x'G5 pxfF . clxn] ;+;lbo ;ldltdf klg x'g'x'G5 . csf{] ;fyL klg kf6L{ /fhgLltdf s[oflzn x'g'x'G5 . d s'g} ;+u7gdf s[oflzn eO{g . cfO{Pn kf; x'g] ljltSs} k|x/Ldf hflu/ vfPsfn] kl5 ;+ul7t x'g] s'/f ePg . ufpFdf ax'bn cfPkl5 Pdfn]sf] nx/ rn]sf] lyof] . cGo ;+u7gx? klg s[oflzn lyP . k|x/Ldf hflu/ vfg] 3/ kl/jf/sf] ;Nnfx adf]lhd hflu/ vfg k|x/Lsf]df egf{ ug{] lgwf] u/]+ . /fhgLlt ug{] bfO{x?n] dnfO{ z'?df hfg lbg' ePg . k|x/L ;]jfdf hflu/] eP kl5 d}n] /fhgLlt ul/g . k|x/Ldf hflu/ vfg] v/fa AolQmn] xf]O{g eGg] ;Gb]z klg lyof] Tolta]nf . kl5 ufpFdf klg ljleGg kf6L{x? v'n] . d}n] ;lqmo /fhgLlt ljBfyL{ ;dodf klg ul/gF . kl5 t ug{] s'/f klg ePg .

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eljiodf s] ug{] eGg] s'/f cu|hn] af6f] b]vfpg' kg{] /x]5 . ljBfyL{x? cfkm}n] cfkm\gf] af6f] /f]Hg ;Sbf] /x]g5 . p;sf] Ifdtf cg';f/ p;n] s] ug{ ;S5 Tof] ;Nnfx lbg ;lsof] eg] p;n] ;kmntf k|fKt ubf{] /x]5

Æ

k|]d / ljjfxM c;O{ x'Fb} ubf{ d]/f] dflu ljjfx eof] . k|]d ePg . k|]d ug{]x? klg lyP . ljBfno hLjgdf cWoogsf] dfq} lrGtf lyof] . ;a} s'/fsf] ;do cfpFbf] /x]5 . k|]d gu/]sf klg xf]O{gg\ . cfkm'n] klg gu/]sf] xf]O{g . t/ b'a} kIfsf] lrQ a'em\bf] k|]d kfO{Pg . w]/} lt/af6 ljjfxsf] s'/f rNof] . cfkm'nfO{ klg ljjfxsf] k|:tfj cfof] . ;a} s'/fsf] lgwf] eP kl5 d}n] dflu ljjfx u/]+ . @! jif{sf] pd]/df hflu/ vfPF . @% jif{sf] pd]/df ljjfx u/]+ . rf/ jif{sf] ;dodf hflu/ afx]s s]lx ul/Pg . @)%! ;fndf a'af cfdfsf] rfxgf cg';f/ dflu ljjfx ePsf] lyof] . ljjfx eP kl5 3/s} ;Nnfx cg';f/ d}n] k|x/L lgl/Ifsdf d]xgt u/]sf] lyPF . >LdtLn] 3/ Aojxf/ x]g{] / d}n] cWoog u/]/ hflu/df klg /fd|f] ug{] eGg] eof] . cgfjZos sfddf nfUg], ;fyLefO{ agfpg], To;d} 7'nf] ag]/ /dfpg vf]Hg] k|rng 5f8]/ :t/ a[l4 ug{] eGg] eof] . /fhwfgL aflx/sf] hflu/ 5f8]/ k|x/L lgl/Ifssf] tof/L ug{ /fhwfgL cfP/ cWoog ug{ yfn]+ . ;fyLx?sf] ;+utdf d}n] /S;L klg vfPF . slxn]sfFlx r'/f]6 laF8L klg vfPF . pgnfO{ of] s'/f dg kl//x]sf] lyPg . pgs} sf/0f d}n] ;a} s'/f Tofu]+ . olx sf/0f slxn]sfFlx emu8f klg kYof{] . ha To:tf] lrh Tofu]+ hLjgdf cfgGb / ;Gt'i6 afx]s s]lx ePg . xfd|f] Ps 5f]/f / Ps 5f]/L 5g\ . 5f]/L OlGhlgol/Ë Aofrn/ cWoog ul5{g eg] 5f]/f !! sIffdf cWoog ub{} 5g . xfO{kmfO{ dg kb{}g . ;fgf], ;fdfGo / ;'vL kl/jf/ . nf]Ug]dfG5] ;kmn x'g >LdtLx?sf] xft x'G5 . ;fy / ;xof]u cfjZos 5 . kl/jf/sf ;a} ;b:o o:t} s'/fdf /dfp5g\ .

efjL of]hgfM hxfF uP klg hgtfs} ;]jf ug{' k5{ eGg] d]/f] ;f]r xf] . kbdf x''Fbf g} hgtfs} nflu s]lx ug{] xf] . kbdf x'Fbf gug{] / efjL of]hgf agfpg] eGg] xf]O{g . hgtfs} nflu zflGt ;'/Iff / cdg rog sfod ug{] xf] . g]kfnu~h x'Fbf Pp6f 36gf eof] . dlxnfx? x/]s b'Mv ;'vdf k|x/Lsf] ;fy vf]lh/x]sf x'Gy] . slxn]sfFlx sf/jfxL ubf{ d dfyL g} sf/jfxL x'g] cj:yf cfof] . k|lhcsf]df d]/f] sf/jfxL xf]nf eg]/ dlxnfx? h'n'; uPsf lyP . k|x/L lgl/Ifs lyPF d Tolta]nf . d]/f] :jfy{ hgtfs} ;'/Iff xf] . ;'/Iff afx]s c? s'g} :jfy{ 5}g . kl5 eGbf klg clxn] ug{] xf] . cfh} ug{] xf] . ;dod} ;DkGg ug{] d]/f] ;f]r xf] . kl5sf] s'/f eGg ;lsb}g . hLjgM ef]ufO{ . r'gf}tL . k|]dM lgZjfy{ dfof . ljjfxM /ysf b'O{ kf+u|f . zfl//Ls ;DjGwM ;fdflhs d'No / dfGotf cg';f/sf] x'g'k5{ . cGTodfM rf8kj{x? nuftf/ 5g\ . rf8kj{x?df pR5[+vn eP/ xf]Og ;od eP/ zfGtk"j{s xfF;Lv'zL eP/ dgfcf}+ . g]kfn k|x/Ln] rf8kj{x?df cfjZos ;'/Iff Aoj:yf ldnfPsf] 5 . 9'Ssn] rf8kj{ dgfcf}+ . l;Ëf] b]zaf;Lx?df z'esfdgf lbg rfxG5' . *** k|fO{d PkmPd !)$=% d]ufxh{sf] ljxfgL lrGtg sfo{qmd cGtu{t zlgjf/sf] lbg ul/Psf] JolQmsf] JolQmut hLjgsf ef]ufO{ af/]sf] s'/fsfgLsf] ;f/f+z . k|ltlqmofsf] nflu M motiramtimalsina@gmail.com

$

r]i6f ;fKtflxs

jif{ @$ c+s %! @)&% sflt{s * ut] ljxLjf/

cfsif{0f / k|]d km/s s'/f xf]

w'lnv]n÷/fli6«o k'glg{df{0f kf|lws/0fsf sfos { f/L kd|v ' ;l'zn 1jfnLn] kg'lgd{f0fsf] nfut O:6d6] kg'/fjnfs ] g ug{ nfluPsf] atfPsf 5g\ . g]kfn cfly{s kqsf/ ;dfh -;h]g_ n] u/s ] f] /fli6o« kg'lgd{f0{f ;DjGwL cledv ' Ls/0f sfoq{mddf afN]b} 1jfnLn] pQm s/'f atfPsf xg'\ . …;;+bn] kg'lgd{f0{fsf nflu tfl]sPsf] ;do @)&& ki'f !) ut] cufj} xfdL ;a} Ifq]sf] kg'lgd{f0{f ;Sg5]fÚ+}–sfos { f/L kd|v ' 1jfnLn] eg–]…es ' Dk hfg] ljltSs} ul/Psf] nfut O:6d6]sf] kg'/fjnfs ] g ug]{ tof/Ldf h6's ] f 5f+} .Ú ( ;o #* c/a nfut O:6d6] ul/Psfd]f $ ;o !) c/a cGt/fli6o« :t/sf] ;xofu] kf|Kt xg'] 3fi]f0ff ul/Psf] eP klg # ;o %# c/a ;xofu] 3fi]f0ff eof] .

To;dWo] @ ;o ^@ c/a ;Demf}tf eof] . ;Demf}tf ePsf] dWo] ef/t ;/sf/sf] &% c/a /sd cGoq hf]l8of] .

To;sf] af/]df clxn] k|flws/0fn] k'g/fjnf]sng ug{] tof/L u/]sf] 1jfnLn] atfP . k'glg{df0f;Fu} cfly{s / ;fdflhs k'glg{df0fsf] cleofg z'? ul//x]sf] atfpFb} 1jfnLn] cem08} ^ c/a k};f k'lg{df0fsf nflu ck'u ePsf] hfgsf/L lbP . kqsf/x?n] /fv]sf] lh1f;df 1jfnLn] k~rjlif{o k'glg{df0fsf] dWo lt/ cfO{k'u]sfn] ljutsf] cg'ej / afFsL cjwLsf] of]hgf ;lxt ;ldIff ug{] tof/Ldf k|flws/0f /x]sf] atfP . k'glg{df{0fsf nflu cfjZos ePsf] /sdsf] Aoj:yfkg ul//x]sfn] efjL k':tfnfO{ ;d]t gn]h

;+lhah+u /fgf ljBfyL{ -l;P_ u'?s'n afuahf/

· b}lgsL s;/L laTb}5 < b}lgsL ;fdfGo g} eGg'k5{ . ljz]ifu/L k9fO / ;fyLefO e]63f6d} Ao:t /xG5' . · k9fO{nfO{ b}lgs slt ;do 5'§fpg' x'G5 < vf;df d l;P ub}{5' . clns ;do lbg}k5{ . ldlxg]t gu/] t sxfF l;P aGg ;lsG5 / . · l;P g} lsg < c? kmo \ fsN6L klg t 5g lg < lbdfusf] e't / ;kgf klxn] Pp6f x:tfIf/sf] dxTj 7'nf] /}5 eGg] nfu]/, k9\b} hfFbf, x:tfIf/ ;+u} o;sf] jf:tljstfn] emg} cfslif{t uof]{ . ;fdfGo laifo eGbf o;sf] dxTj / hl6ntf emg} 5 . · k9\bf k9\bf lbSs nfu]/ l;P k9\g} 5fl8\bd h:tf] nfUb}g < slxn] sflx x/]s s'/fdf To:tf] ;f]r cfpg' ;fdfGo xf] . t/ d}n] s}n] klg l;Psf] lasNk ;f]lrg To;}n] dnfO{ l;P aGg' g} 5 / aGg]5' . · hLjgdf Aoj;foL aGg] ls Aoj;foLnfO{ ;3fpg] < d Aoj;foL aGg' eGbf klg Aoj;foLsf] ;xofqL aGg] / Aoj;fo k|a4{g ug{ ;xof]uL x'g] eGg] xf] . · tkfO{sf] hLjgsf ;f}vx? s] x'g\ < d Do'lhssf] ;f}lvg 5' . dnfO lutf/ ahfpg / lut ufpg

o'jf;“u !) k|Zg

· k|]d lsg x'G5 < k|]d l6sfO{ /fVg s] ug{'knf{ < k|]d cfTdLotf xf] . cfsif{0f / k|]d km/s s'/f xf] . h;n] k|]d u5{ To;n] k|]d l6sfO{ /fVg} kb}{g cfkm} lbuf] /xG5 . cToGt} dgk5{ . ;fyLefOsf] hd36df d ;w} uLtf/sf] ;fydf ;+uLtdf /Dg] · cGTodf============ ub{5' . xfdL ;a}n] xfd|f] cfˆgf] st{Ao k'/f u/f}+ b]z cfkm}+ aGg]5 . cfkm' aGgnfO{ ;fF 3'/f] 3]/f x}g cfˆgf] ;f]r abnf}+ tkfOsf] lhGbuL cjZo · cfhef]lnsf o'jf lk+9L lab]z hfg dfq cft'/ b]lvG5g\ tkfO{nfO{ ablng] 5 .

To:tf] ;f]r cfpb}g / < d]/f] lab]z hfg] ;f]r t 5 t/ 3'Dg / ToxfFsf lasf;, Aoj;fo / Aoj:yfkg x]g{ h'g s'/f l;s]/ g]kfndf yk s]lx of]ubfg lbg ;sF' .· b]z b|'t ultdf lasf; gx'g'df sf] bf]ifL 5g\ h:tf] nfU5 < g]kfnsf g]tfx? ;fy} xfdL cfd g]kfnL klg . g]tfx? cfZjf;g lbO/xg] xfdL kTofO /xg] clg xfdL klg xfd|f] bfloTj k'/f gug]{ . ;a} ldn] b]z lasf; cjZo ;Dej 5 .

e'jg /fodfemL

cfbz{ artdf kg'M pdz]sf] gt]T[j agk]f÷cfbz{ art tyf C0f ;xsf/L ;:+yf lnld68]sf] !) cf} ;ef sfek]|nf~rfs ] lhNnf art tyf C0f ;xsf/L ;:+yf lnld68]sf ;lrj pbo/fd sfoZysf] kd|v' cfltYotfdf ;DkGg ePsf] 5 . cWoIf pd]z dfgGw/sf] cWoIftfdf ;DkGg sfo{qmddf g]kfn kqsf/ dxf;+3 sfe|]sf cWoIf df]tL/fd ltdlN;gf ljz]if cltyL /x]sf lyP . clwa]zgsf] aGb ;qn] k'gM pd]z dfgGw/sf] cWoIftfdf gofF ;ldlt u7g u/]sf] 5 . ;ldltsf] pkfWoIfdf a'4/Tg dfgGw/, ;lrj lg/~hg dfgGw/, sf]iffWoIf ljsf; dfgGw/ /x]sf 5g\ . ;b:ox?df l/s]z >]i7, ;'[wfdf /fhafxs, ;'dg dfgGw/, ;l/tf dfgGw/ / s[i0fs'df/ dfgGw/ /x]sf 5g\ . n]vf ;ldlt ;+of]hsdf k|ldz hf]zL /x]sf 5g\

eg] ;b:ox?df ;'lhtf >]i7 / k'/g dfgGw/ /x]sf 5g\ . ;efdf pTs[i6 C0fL, pTs[i6 arstf{, afn artstf{, ;Nnfxsf/x?nfO{ ;Ddfg ul/Psf] lyof] .

P;O{ O { pTs[ i 6 z] o / ;b:osf 5f]/f5f]/LnfO{ klg ;Ddfg ul/Psf] lyof] . ;efdf :Jfut dGtAo sf]iffWoIf ljsf; >]i7n] /fVb} cfly{s k|ltj]bg k|:t't u/]sf lyP . ;lrj lg/~hg dfgGw/n] aflif{s k|ltj]bg k|:t't u/]sf lyP . ! s/f]8 @ nfv z]o/ k'FhL, ^ s/f]8 ^@ nfv %& xhf/ lgIf]k ;+sng / ^ s/f]8 %# nfv C0f nufgL u/]sf] 5 . ;efdf pkfWoIf a'4/Tg dfgGw/, ;Nnfxsf/ /fdk|;fb dfgGw/, lkk'N; ;xsf/Lsf gj/fh s];L, sfF7' u0f]zsf lq/Tg /fhafxs nufotn] dGtAo /fv]sf lyP .

agk]fsf] do]/ sk j8f gDa/ !# nfO{ agk]f÷agk]f gu/kflnsfsf] kf|ofh]g tyf j8f gDj/ % sf] ;o+fh]gdf agk]fdf cfofh]gf ul/Psf] ky|d do]/ sk cGt/ j8f :t/Lo gfOg{ P ;fO8{ km6'an kl|tofl]utf ;DkGg ePsf] 5 . ky|d do]/ sk j8f :t/Lo gfOg P ;fO8 km6'jnsf] pkfwL j8f gDa/ !# n] xft kf/s ] f] 5 . k|ltof]lutfsf] kmfO{gn v]ndf j8f g !# n] !$ nfO{ %–) km/flsnf] uf]n cGt/df k/flht u/]sf] lyof] . j8f g !# nfO{ pkfwL lhtfpg ljsf; >]i7n] Xofl6s u/]sf lyP eg] dlgif dfgGw/ / lgzfg k/fh'nLn] Ps Ps uf]n u/]sf lyP . k|ltof]lutfdf k|yd x'g] j8f g !# nfO{ gub %) xhf/ tyf l4lto j8f gDa/ !$ nfO{ gub #) xhf/ ;lxt d]8n k|df0f kq ljt/0f ul/Psf] lyof] . gu/k|d'v nIdLg/l;+ jfb]n] k'/:sf/ x:tfGt/0f u/]sf lyP . v]ndf pTs[i6 v]nf8L ag]kf

!# sf ?s]z >]i7, pTs[i6 k|lzIfs ;xb]a cjfn], pTs[i6 uf]nlsk/ cldt dfgGw/ 3f]i0ff ul/Psf] lyof] . k|ltof]lutfsf] ;dfkg ub{] k|d'v afb]n] gu/sf ;a} j8fx?df v]nsf] ljsf; / v]n dfkm{t AolQmsf] zfl/l/s Ifdtf clea[4Lsf nflu km'6an klxnf] sfo{qmd ePsf] atfP . o:tf sfo{qmdx?df gu/kflnsfn] ljz]if k|fyldstf lbg] gu/ k|d'v afb]n] atfP . !$ j6f j8faf6 !^ l6d ;xeflu /x]sf lyP . k| l tof] l utfsf] ;dfkg sfo{qmddf k|d'v k|zf;lso clws[t ef]h/fh l3dL/], j8f cWoIfx?, j8f ;b:ox?, v]n;Fu ;DjlGwt ljleGg If]qsf AolQmx?sf] ;xeflutf /x]sf] lyof] . sfo{qmd j8f g+= % sf j8f cWoIf tyf sfo{qmdsf ;+of]hs an/fd clwsf/Lsf] ;efkltTjdf ;DkGg ePsf] lyof] .

kgf}tL÷kgf}tL gu/kflnsfn] cfly{s jif{ @)&$÷)&% sf] jflif{s k|ult ;ldIff uf]i7L tyf ljhof bzdLsf] z'esfdgf cfbfg k|bfg sfo{qmd k|bz ] ;ef ;b:o a;'Gw/f x'dfufO{sf] k|dv ' cfltYotfdf ;DkGg ePsf] 5 . sfo{qmddf af]Nb} k|d'v cltyL x'dfufO{n] :yfoL ;/sf/sf sf/0f ljsf;sf] 9f]sf v'n]sfn] ljsf;df ;a} ;xeflu eO{ d'n'snfO{ ;Dj[4 agfpg' kg{] atfP . sfo{qmddf gu/kflsfsf k|d'v led Gof}kfg]n] ut jif{ hgk|ltlglwsf] z'?sf] aif{ ePsfn] s]lx of]hgf ;DkGg x'g g;s] klg cfufdL aif{ ;a} of]hgfx?

;DkGg x'g] atfP . hgtfn] dxz'; x'g] u/L of]hgf ;lxtsf] ljsf; / hgtfsf sfdx? cuf8L a9fPsfn] gu/jf;Lx?nfO{ s]xL u'gf;f ;'emfa eP sfo{nodf cfP/ /fVg cfkm\gf j8fx?df ljsf; lgdf0f{df ;3fpg cfu|x u/]sf lyP . sfo{qmddf pkk|d'v lutf a~hf/f, k|d'v k|zf;lso clws[t ljho/fh kf}8]n, k|zf;lso clws[t O{Gb|k;| fb clwsf/L, gu/sf ;a} j8fsf j8f cWoIfx?, sfo{kflnsf ;b:ox?, j8f ;b:o, gu/jf;L, ljefluo sd{rf/L nufotsf] ;xeflutf /x]sf] lyof] .

;fgf ls;fgsf] !$ cf} jflif{s ;fwf/0f ;ef kgft}L gu/kflnsfsf] jflifs { ;ldIff /lj÷;fgf ls;fg s[lif ;xsf/L ;+:yf ln sf] !$ cf} jflif{s ;fwf/0f ;ef k|b]z ;ef;b nId0f nD;fnsf] k|d'v cfltYotfdf ;DkGg ePsf] 5 . sfo{qmddf ;+:yfsf] cf=j @)&$÷)&% sf] jflif{s cfo ! s/f]8 ( nfv, z]o/ k'hL+ ^) nfv *) xhf/, vr{ (^ nfv @& xhf/ /x]sf] hfgsf/L

u/fO{Psf] lyof] eg] ;xsf/Lsf] gfkmf !) nfv &* xhf/ /x]sf] ;efdf k]z ul/Psf] lyof] . sfo{qmddf dn Aoa:yfkg ljif]z1 8f= uf] l jGb kf] v /] n , w' l nv] n gu/kflnsfsf pk k|d'v ljdnf zdf{, ;]lta]bL b'Uw pTkfbs ;xsf/L ;+:yf ln sf cWoIf rt{'e'h ltdlN;gf nufPtsf AolQmx?n] ;xsf/Lsf af/]df dGtAo /fv]sf lyP . sfo{qmd ;+:yfsf cWoIf b]jk|;fb sf]O/{ fnfsf] ;efkltTjdf ;DkGg ePsf] lyof] .

lSjh glthf lSjh @^$ sf pQ/ tyf ljh]tfx? !_ lu|gNof08 @_ @)%( c;f]h !) #_ n8{ afO{/g, c+u|]hL sjL $_ d] @ %_ lsl:6g Nofuf8{-km|fG;sf] ljQdGqL_ ^_ d'Vo ;lrj &_ dgsf] afFw *_ hfkfgsf] lsldufof] (_ rGb|uK' t ;f}o{ !)_ ljjflbt kgf}tLdf lgdf{0ffwLg /+uzfnf . ljh]tfM /fwf clwsf/L, a]yf~rf]s ! sfe|] lSjh @^% sf pQ/ tyf ljh]tfx? !_ /ljGb|gfy 6}uf]/ @_ a|Dxf0f aif{ #_ 88]Nw'/f $_ cfGw| dxf;fu/ %_ jLkL sf]O/{ fnf ^_ kfl/hft &_ dbg hg;]jf l;g]df xn *_ lj;+ @)^# (_ n8{ afO{/g, c+uh]| L slj !)_ ;'k/hf]g . ljh]tfM ;fb{n ' 9'u + fgf, kfFrvfn, sfe|] lSjh @^^ sf pQ/ tyf ljh]tfx? !_+ eQmk'/sf clGtd dNn /fhf huk|sfz @_ /fhf k|r08b]j #_ @)&% ;fn dWoklZrdf~rndf $_ la= ;+= @)&) df3, * %_ yf? ^_ n'lDjgL &_ k|wfgdGqL dfwjs'df/ g]kfn *_ sfg (_ ef/t !)_ df]tL/fd ltdlN;gf . ljh]tfM g'tg zdf{, w'lnv]n, sfe|] lSjh @^& sf pQ/ tyf ljh]tfx? !_ xfO8«fk] mf]g @_ Bounced cheque #_ cd]l/sL o'jf $_ hfkfgsf tfsfsL sflhtf / Sofgf8fsf] cfy{/ aL= Dofj8f]gfN8 %_ lzn' ^_ lj=;+=@)&@ c;f]h @$ &_ gfnfkfgLsf] o'4 *_ kf6gsf] ljZj?ksf] d'lt{ (_ zÍ/gfy l/dfn !)_ @^^ efu . ljh]tfM gljg g]kfn, d08g b]pk'/–!)

‘;do leq} k'glg{df{0f ;lsG5’–1jfnL

u'7L ;+:yfg zfvf sfof{no, sfe|]knf~rf]saf6 xsbfjL ;DaGwL #% lbg] ;fj{hlgs ;"rgf pk/f]Qm ljifodf bQfqo d7 u'7Lsf] hUuf gfkgS;f x'Fbf rnfn u0f]z:yfg j8f g+= % sf] ls=g+= #,% / & sf] If]=km= qmdzM !–$–!–#, @–!$–!–! / )–*–@–@ hUuf h=w= dxndf e=k'= bQfqo d7 u'7L / ls=g+= & df lxsdt axfb'/ pNn]v e} gfk gS;f ePsf] . pQm hUuf pNn]lt u'7L / df]xLdf ;'GtnL dxt ;d]tsf] gfddf df]xL gfd;f/L btf{ u/L kfpF elg lgj]bg k/]sf] . lxsdt dxtsf] ldlt @)^! .! .@ df / lghsf] >LdtL k|]d s'df/L dxtsf] klg @)#% ;fn cl3 g} k/nf]s ePsf]n] / lghsf 5f]/fx? gj/fh dxt / gftLsfhL dxt ePsf]df gj/fh dxtsf] klg @)&#.@.^ df k/nf]s ePsf]n] pNn]lvt hUuf lghsf xsbf/ ;'GtnL dxtsf gfddf df]xL btf{ gfd;f/L x'g b]j/ gftLsfhL dxt / lghsf] 5f]/f dgf]h dxtn] dGh'/Lgfdf lbPsf] x'Fbf pNn]lvt hUuf lgj]lbsfsf] dfu cg';f/ df]xL btf{ gfd;f/L x'Fbf cGo sf]xL s;}sf] bfjL nfUg] ePdf of] ;"rgf k|sflzt ePsf] ldltn] #% -k}+tL;_ lbgleq o; sfof{nodf ;–k|df0f ;lxt xsbfjL ug{ cfpg'xf]nf, cGoyf lgj]lbsfsf] dfu cg';f/ sf/jfxL e} hfg] Joxf]/f o;} ;"rgf4f/f hfgsf/L u/fOG5 .

x:tfGt/0f ug{ k'glg{df0fsf] clen]v /fVg] tof/L ul/Psf] 5 . & ;o %# j6f ;Dkbf k'glgdf{0fsf] ;"rLdf ePsf dWo] ! ;o *% j6f ;Dkbf lgdf{0f ;lsPsf] / # ;o *% j6f lgdf{0fflwg cj:yfdf /x]sf 5g\ . (& k|ltzt nfeu|flxx?n] ;Demf}tf ul/;s]sf], ^& k|ltztn] bf]>f] ls:tf k|fKt u/]sf] / #& k|ltztn] t]>f] ls:tf lnO{;s]sf] 1jfnLn] atfP . …b'O{ ltxfO{ gLlh cfjf; k'glg{df0f eO{;s]sf] 5Ú–1jfnLn] eg]–…cfjf;;Fu} ljBfno / :jf:Yo ;+:yfx?sf] ;fydf ;Dkbfsf] lgdf{0f eO{/x]sf] 5 .Ú :yfgLo ;/sf/nfO{ kg'lgdf0{fsf] lhDdj]f/L / ;xsfos { f nflu lhDdj]f/ agfpg lhNnf ;dGjo ;ldlt / :yfgLo ;/sf/sf] kd|v ' sf] cWoIftfdf tNnf] tx;Dd ;ldlt u7g ug{ nfluPsf] pgn] atfP . es ' Dk kLl8tnfO{ # nfvsf] ;xl'not Aofhsf] C0f pknAw u/fpg ;xh agfpg] atfpbF} :yfgLo kg'lgd{f0f sld6L u7g u/L OlGhlgo/x?nfO{ ufpdF} kmsfp{g] cleofg z?' ul/Psf] 1jfnLn] atfP . kf|lws/0fsf] sfo{ / ;dofjwL ;lsoPkl5 klg :yfgLo :t/d} kf|lws/0fsf] sfd ug]{ ;o+Gq u7g ug]{ u/L tof/L eO/{xs ] f] pgn] atfP . sfo{qmddf k|flws/0fsf ;+rfns ;b:o rGb|axfb'/ >]i7, ;x ;lrj /fh'dfg dfgGw/, lktfDa/ l3dL/], pk ;lrj dgf]x/ l3dL/], sdn l3dL/], lbAodgL kf]v/]n, cfly{s kqsf/ ;dfhsf cWoIf k'ik/fh cfrfo{, dxf;lrj led uf}td nufotn] k'glg{df0f;Fu} cfly{s / ;fdflhs ljifodf Wofg lbg' kg{] ;'emfj lbPsf lyP .

k|x/L lbj;df ljljw sfo{qmd

w'lnv]n÷^# cf} k|x/L lbj; @)&% sf] cj;/df lhNnfdf ljljw sfo{qmdsf] cfof]hgf ul/Psf] 5 . pTs[i6 k|x/L, cltl/Qm s[ofsnfkdf ljhoL k|x/L tyf k|x/L;Fusf] ;fem]bf/Ldf of]ubfg k'¥ofpg] AolQmx? / ljleGg ;dodf Hofg u'dfpg] k|x/L ;+u7gsf ;b:ox?sf cfkmGtnfO{ ;Ddfg ul/Psf] lyof] . ;+l3o k|x/L k|dv ' ;f}/e /f0ffsf] cWoIftf tyf k|dv ' lhNnf clwsf/L s[i0faxfb'/ /fptsf] k|d'v cfltYotfdf ;DkGg sfo{qmddf lhNnf ;dGjo ;ldlt sfe|]sf k|d'v p4j s];L, @^ gDj/ aflxgL g]kfnL ;]gfsf ;xfo /yL ldgWjh v8\sf, g]kfn gu/kflnsf ;+3sf cWoIf Pj+ w'lnv]n gu/kflnsf k|d'v czf]s Aof~h', k|x/L k|d'v P;kL /lj/fh v8\sf, g]kfn kqsf/ dxf;+3 sfe|]sf cWoIf df]lt/fd ltdlN;gf, dfgjclwsf/sdL{ ef]h/fh ltdlN;gf, k|x/L lgl/Ifs lbks /fo nufotn] k|x/L lbj;sf] cj;/df k|x/Ln] ;dfhdf v]Ng' kg{] e"ldsfsf af/]df dGtAo /fv]sf lyP . sfo{qmddf k|x/L sfo{df ;xof]u k'¥ofPsf]df lhNnf k|x/L k|d'v P;kL /lj/fh v8\sfn] /f]zL ufpFkflnsf cWoIf bn axfb'/ nfdf, g]kfn kqsf/ dxf;+3 sfe|]sf cWoIf df]lt/fd ltdlN;gf, OG;]s sfe|]sf ef]h/fh ltdlN;gf, w'lnv]n gu/kflnsf j8f gDj/ !! sf cWoIf lji0f' lwtfn, clDasf xdfn, ogk|;fb clwsf/L, s]bf/k|;fb cfrfo{, ;+lhjljqmd yfkf, /fw]Zofd ;fksf]6f / lji0f' ahufO{ w'lnv]nnfO{ k|z+;f kq k|bfg u/]sf lyP . k|x/L rf}sLnfO{ hUuf pknAw u/fpg ;xof]u k'¥ofpg] gdf]a'4 gu/kflnsf j8f gDj/ @ sf cWoIf ;l~hj 9sfn, gdf]a'4 % sf dfgaxfb'/ tfdfª, d08gb]pk'/ gu/kflnsf & sf cWoIf gf/fo0fk|;fb nD;fn, ag]kf gu/kflnsf !$ sf cWoIf uf}/L /fpt, kgf}tL * sf eujfg a:g]tnfO{ k|z+;f kq k|bfg ul/Psf] lyof] . k|x/L lbj;s} cj;/ kf/L cfof]hgf ul/Psf] 6]an 6]lg; k|ltof]lutfsf

ljhoL v]nf8Lx?nfO{ ;+l3o k|x/L O{sfO{ sfof{no jfudtLsf k|dv ' k|=a=p=;f}/e /f0ffn] k'/:sf/ ljt/0f u/]sf lyP . k|ltof]lutfdf k|x/L xjNbf/ O{G› axfb'/ tfdfË / k|x/L hjfg ;fut /fgf du/ k|yd ePsf lyP . To:t} k|x/L xjNbf/4o eujfg clwsf/L / od axfb'/ a:g]tn] bf]>f] k'/:sf/ k|fKt u/] . k|x/L xjNbf/ u+uf k|;fb b+ufn / k|x/L hjfg /fdg/]z k|;fb s'dL{n] t]>f] :yfg xfl;n u/]sf lyP . 8an Aof8 ldG6gdf lahoL v]nf8Lx?nfO{ g]kfnL ;]gfsf]] @^ g+= aflxgL c•f es'08]sf aflxgLklt ;xfos /yL ldgWjh v8\sfn] k'/:sf/ ljt/0f u/]sf lyP . k|x/L ;xfos lgl/Ifs lai0f' axfb'/ a:g]t / k|x/L xjNbf/ k|yd ePsf lyP eg] k|x/L xjNbf/ eujfg clwsf/L, k|=gf=p= lbks lu/L / k|=gf=lg= lzjx/L sfsL{ bf]>f] ePsf lyP . k|=x= 4fl/sf vjf; / hjfg lbg]z rf}w/Ln] t]>f] k'/:sf/ k|fKt u/]sf lyP . cd/ k|x/L sd{rf/Lx?sf] kl/jf/nfO{ lhNnf ;dGjo ;ldlt sfes ]| f kd|v ' p4j s=];L=n] ;Ddfg u/s ] f lyP . ;Ddfg kfpgx]?df cd/ kg|flg bj] sd'f/ v/n] sfe]| v/n]yfs ] –^, k;|lg xl/ axfb/' zfxL zf/bfatf;,] kx| Clif lwtfn sfgk/', k=|x=/fdrG› s=];L=, agk]f gu/kflnsf, kx| u0fz ] k;|fb dg}fnL, afnj'f *, kh| 1fgh'u+ yfkf, zv + k'f6Lrf/}–^, kh| ;b'zg{ jf:tfsf6]L, gfNbd' afnj'fkf6L –%, kh| xl/ ;G'b/ yfkf, /ljcfk]L –^, kh| l6sf/fd lqkf7L, ;:ov ' s{ uf=lj=;=–# /xs ] f 5g\ . pTsi[6 sfo{ ugx{]?nfO{ kd|v ' lhNnf clwsf/L si[0f axfb/' /fptn] k/':sf/ ljt/0f u/s ] f lyP . k=|lg= lbks sd'f/ /fo, k=|lg= lgifz ] rfkfufO{ lh=6f«=k=|sf=, k/z/'fd l3ld/,] kg|flg si[0f axfb/' clwsf/L, kg|flg efOs { fhL kfv ] |n] vqL, kg|flg sn' k;|fb >i]7, k;|lg sd'f/ rfn}fufO,{ k;|lg wdG]{ › lu/L, k;|lg sfd axfb/' u?'Ë, k;|lg pdz ] cfrfo,{ k;|lg ;/fh] nfx]gL, k;|lg /fwZ]ofd pkWofo, k=|x xl/gf/fo0f k;|fb ofbj, lrt/h+g kf08,] k=|h=/flws;g' k;|fb h;}jfn, k=|h= /dz ] lyª tfdfË, k=|h=kfjt{L afx]/f, k=|h=laho k;|fb ofbj, k=|h= cfz axfb/' u?'ª, k=|h=/fhG]› a:gt] /xs ] f 5g\ .

u'7L ;+:yfg zfvf sfof{no, sfe|]knf~rf]saf6 xsbfjL ;DaGwL #% lbg] ;fj{hlgs ;"rgf pk/f]Qm ljifodf bQfqo d7 u'7Lsf] hUuf gfkgS;f x'Fbf rnfn u0f]z:yfg j8f g+= % sf ls=g+= $ sf] If]=km= qmdzM $–!@–@–! hUuf h=w= dxndf e=k'= bQfqo d7 u'7L sfod ePsf] . pQm hUuf pNn]lvt u'7L / df]xLdf ld>L dxt, s]zj dxt, hLjg dxt / /fhf/fd dxt ;d]t rf/ hgfsf] gfddf df]xL gfd;f/L btf{ u/L kfpF elg lgj]bg k/]sf] . ?k axfb'/ dxtsf] ldlt @)$%.^ .!# df / lghsf 5f]/fx? nfnaxfb'/ dxtsf] ldlt @)%$.#.!% df, s[i0faxfb'/ dxtsf] ldlt @)$(.!.!! df / /fd]Zj/ dxtsf] klg @)#% ;fn cufj} k/nf]s ePsf]n] pNn]lvt hUuf lghsf xsbf/x? ?kaxfb'/ dxtsL >LdtL ld>L dxt 5f]/fx? s]zj dxt, hLjg dxt / /fhf/fd dxtsf gfddf ;+o'Qm df]xL btf{ gfd;f/L x'g cGo xsbf/x? d[ts /fd]Zj/ dxtsf] >LdtL ld>L dxt lghsf tLg 5f]/fx? /fdx/L dxt, k|B'Dg dxt, lxdfn dxt, d[ts s[i0faxfb'/ dxtsf] Psdfq >LdtL ?s' dxt a]yfgrf]s ufpFkflnsfsf] ldlt @)&%.%.@( sf] l;kmfl/; cg';f/ ldlt @)$% ;fndf cGoq uPsf]n] lghsf Ps dfq 5f]/f ljsf; dxtn] dGh'/Lgfdf lbPsf] x'Fbf pNn]lvt hUuf lgj]bsx?sf] dfu cg';f/ df]xL btf{ gfd;f/L x'Fbf cGo sf]xL s;}sf] bfjL nfUg] ePdf of] ;"rgf k|sflzt ePsf] ldltn] #% -k}+tL;_ lbgleq o; sfof{nodf ;–k|df0f ;lxt xsbfjL ug{ cfpg'xf]nf, cGoyf lgj]lbsfsf] dfu cg';f/ sf/jfxL e} hfg] Joxf]/f o;} ;"rgf4f/f hfgsf/L u/fOG5 .

%

r]i6f ;fKtflxs

jif{ @$ c+s %! @)&% sflt{s * ut] ljxLjf/

SofDk; / :yfgLo aLr ;xdltsf] ko|f; ag]kf÷!^ jif{ cl3 SofDk;n] lgdf{0f ul/Psf] kSsL rfO{lgh kvf{n / bftfn] lgdf{0f ul/lbg nfu]sf] hgdt jfªdo k':tsfno ejgsf] hu / lkNn/ ;d]tdf Iflt k'¥ofpg] u/L /ftsf] ;dodf j8f cWoIf ;d]t /x]sf ag]kf ^ sf ;lrtfgGb s];Lsf] ;d'xn] 8f]h/ rnfPsf] eGb} sfe|] ax'dv ' L SofDk;n] ls6fgL hfx]/L btf{ u/]sf] 5 . cWoIf s;]L, :yfgLo / SofDk; kz | f;g aLr du+naf/ jftf{ ePsf] 5 . efn]L zq'maf/;Dd ba'} kIfn] 5nkmn u/L pRr :t/Lo cfofu] u7g ug]{ / cfofu]n] lbPsf] kl|tjb]gsf cfwf/df ba'} kIfn] sfo{ cuf8L a9fpg] ;xdlt ePsf] 5 . agk]f gu/kflnsfsf kj|Qf Zofd >i]7n] ba'} kIf aLr ;xdltsf] ko|f; ePsf] atfP . bz} cl3 SofDk;df cfofl]ht kqsf/ ;Ddn]gdf SofDk; kd|v ' sh]L ab}f/n] ;/sf/L ;fjh{lgs ;Dklt xfgL gfS];fgL / tf8]kmf8] ug]{ agk]f ^ sf $% alifo{ ;lrtfgGb s;]L nufotsf] ;dx'nfO{ ls6fgL u/L hfx/]L lbPsf 5g\ . 8fh]/ rfns / af @ s %^^^ gDj/sf] 8fh]/ ;lxtnfO{ Onfsf kx|/L sfofn{o agk]fdf ph/'L ul/Psf] SofDk; kd|v ' ab}f/n] atfP . @)&% c;fh] @& ut] ;feFm ^ ah] sfe]| axd'v ' L SofDk; /xs ] f] j8f gDj/ ^ sf] lsQf gDj/ !^% Ifq]kmn

!* /fk]gL !) cfgf # k;}f # bfd hUuf / To;df ags ] f ejg tyf kfvfn{x? ;d]t gk]fn ;/sf/sf] xs :jfldTj leqsf] ;Dklt ePsfn] ;/sf/L tyf ;fjh{lgs ;Dkltsf] ;/+If0f ugk'{gd]{f pN6} 8fh]/ ;dt] rnfO{ @) nfv Iflt k¥'ofPsfd]f kqmfp u/L sfgg' adfl]hd ;hfoF tyf Ifltkl"t{ ;dt] dfu ul/Psf] SofDk; kd|v ' ab}f/n] atfP . kqsf/ ;Ddn]gdf SofDk; ;r + fns ;ldlt cWoIf nDafb]/ sfoZy, pkfWoIf dfx]g bj'fnn] @)%@ ;fn h7] !( uts ] f] dGqL kl/ifbs \ f] lg0fo{cg;'f/ SofDk; ;~rfng ug{ gk]fn ;/sf/sf] :jfldTj /xg] u/L xs x:tfGt/0f ug{ gkfpg] u/L hUufwgLdf gk]fn ;/sf/, sfe]| axd'v ' L SofDk; hlgO{ btf{ ul/ kb|fg ul/Psf] atfP . lqej'g ljZjljBfnoaf6 ;DjGwg kf|Kt klAns SofDk; ;dt] /xs ] f] sfe]| axd'v ' L SofDk;nfO{ ljZjljBfno cgb'fg cfofu] dfkmt{ gk]fn ;/sf/sf] lgoldt cgb'fg kf|Kt xbF'} cfPsf] 5 . SofDk;sf] rn crn ;DktL gk]fn ;/sf/sf] xg'] sfgg'tM pNnv ] ul/Psf] 5 . SofDk;sf gfddf ePsf] hUuf cfkmg\f] txaf6 xs x:tfGt/0f ug{ g;Sg] ePsfn] sfgg'L ks | o[f dfkmt{ g} j8f sfofn{onfO{ lng / ko|fu] ug{ lnlvt cg/'fw] u/s ] f] SofDk; kd|v ' sh]L ab}f/n] atfP .

ag]kf x]Ny s]o/df 8f= /fhe08f/L

lblnk zdf{

jf:tljs ls;fg;u“ ;xsf/Lsf] p7a;\ slxn] bl]v < agk]f gu/kflnsf j8f gDj/ ^ n] SofDk; kj"{ /xs ] f] ;db'fosf nflu 9j'fgL ug{ tyf cGo ko|fh]gsf nflu hgs ltdlN;gf ;lxt !& hgf pkefQ]mfsf] lgjb]g k/s ] fn] j8f sfofn{on] lgjb]g ;lxt SofDk;df kq k7fPsf] j8f cWoIf ;lrtfgGb s;]Ln] atfP . …sfgg' ljk/Lt SofDk;n] ejg lgdf0{f u/s ] fn] 8fh]/ nufP/} eTsfPsf] xÚF'–cWoIf s;]Ln] eg–]…hgtfsf nflu ;8s lgdf0{fsf nflu kxn u/s ] f] xF' .Ú sfgg' cg;'f/ u/s ] fn] cfkmn'] sg'} ck/fw gu/s ] f] j8f cWoIf s;]Ln] atfP . j8f cWoIfn] gS;f kf; gu/L 3/ agfP klg eTsfpg ;Sg] sfgg'L Aoj:yf 5g} . gu/ kd|v ' afxs ] cGo hgkl|tlglwnfO{ 3/ eTsfpg ;Sg] sfgg'L kf|jwfg 5g} . SofDk;n] eg] j8f

cWoIf s;]Ln] eg] h:tf] sfgg'sf] kfngf gu/s ] f] atfpbF} sfgg'L sf/jfxLsf] dfu u/s ] f 5g\ . gS;f kf; ks | o[fdf /xs ] fn] SofDk;sf] lghL hUufdf ejg agfpg s;;}uF yk cgd'lt lng' gkg]{ / sfl]x s;n}fO{ cfjZos k/s ] f] cj:yfdf hUuf pknAw u/fpg SofDk;n] g;Sg] cWoIf nDafb]/ sfoZyn] atfP . sfgg' adfl]hd rn–crn ;DktL kf|Kt ug,{ pkefu] ug,{ vl/b ljqmL ug{ tyf cfjZos k/d]f C0f ;dt] lng ;Sg] sfgg'L Aoj:yf ePsfn] SofDk;n] s;s } f] nx8df hUuf pknAw u/fpg g;Sg] atfPsf] 5 . SofDk;sf] kvfn{df 8fh]/ nufPs} efl]nkN6 SofDk;sf] :jfldTjdf /xs ] f] hUuf / 6x/f ;dt] vfnL ug{ j8f sfofn{onfO{ #% lbg] kq k7fPsf] 5 .

efjk"0f{ >4f~hnL hGd !((&÷^÷#

:juf{/f]x0f @)&%÷&÷%

:j= afns'df/L /fpt xfd|f >4]o p4j, /fh]Gb|, dbg / O{Zj/ /fptsf ddtfdoL dftf afns'df/L /fptsf] c;fdlos lgwg ePsf]df d[tsk|lt efjk"0f{ >4f~hnL ck{0f ub}{ zf]s ;GtKt kl/jf/hgdf xflb{s ;dj]bgf k|s6 ub{5f}+ . ag]kf÷ag]kfdf ljut & jif{ b]lv :jf:Yo ;]jf pknAw u/fpFb} cfPsf 8f= /ljGb|k|;fb /fhe08f/L ag]kf x]Ny s]o/ k|flndf ;xeflu ePsf 5g\ . lxhf] a'waf/ b]lv /fhe08f/L Pd8L -lkPnlkPkmo'_ l;lgo/ lkmlhl;ogn] ag]kf x]Ny s]]o/ dfkm{t ;j{;fwf/0fnfO{ :jf:Yo pkrf/ ;]jf k|bfg ug{ z'? u/]sf 5g\ . a'waf/ ljz]if sfo{sd| sf ;fy ag]kf x]Ny s]o/sf ;~rfns Pjd\ sd{rf/Lx?n] 8f= /fhe08f/Lsf] :jfut u/]sf lyP . @( jif{ b]lv la/fdLsf] pkrf/ ub}{ cfPsf 8f= /fhe08f/L ljut ;ft jif{bl] v ag]kfd}

sfo{/t lyP . zx/L If]qdf eGbf u|fdL0f If]qsf hgtfsf] pkrf/ ug{ ?rfpg] /fhe08f/L ;Fu g]kfn k'ln; xl:k6n, rl/sf]6sf] sf]l/og xl:k6n, nufot sf7df08f}sf bh{gf} xl:k6ndf sfd u/]sf] cg'ej 5 . blIf0f clkms | fsf] cn ;G]6 xl:k6ndf ljzi]f pkrf/ / lzIff lnPsf /fhe08f/Ln] agk]f xN]y so]/nfO gl;ª{ xfd] agfP/ uf|dL0f eu]sf hgtfsf] pkrf/ u/fpg] nIo /xs ] f] atfP . kT|os ] lbg laxfg ( ahb]l]v an]s ' f % ah;]Dd pgn] ;j]f lbg] sG]bs | f kd|v ' lhtG]b| yfkfn] atfP .

bof/fd÷ljGb' dxt lzj/fd÷sljtf dxt k|e'/fd÷r~rnf dxt

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efjk"0f{ >4f~hnL hGd !((&÷^÷#

:juf{/f]x0f @)&%÷&÷%

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efjk"0f{ >4f~hnL efjk"0f{ >4f~hnL

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:juf{/f]x0f @)&%÷)&÷)#

;'dg sfo:y cWoIf tyf

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lbksk|;fb bfxfn cWoIf tyf

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h;n] h;/L h'g ?kdf ;xsf/Lsf af/]df AofVof ljZn]if0f ub}{ l;+uf] ;xsf/Ltfsf] gf/f cl3 ;f/]klg ;xsf/Ln] jf:tljs ls;fgnfO{ k|ToIf kmfO[bf k'Ug] u/L sfd ug{ ;ls/x]sf b]lvb}g . cg]sf}+ xfjf kfgL w/ftnLo tyf kxf8} kxf8n] 3]l/Psf] xfd|f] b]z, laxfg b]lv a]n'sf;Dd v]taf/Ld} Jo:t x'g'kg]{ xfd|f] jfWotf / To;}af6 kl/jf/, g"g t]n / vfBfGg lzIff, :j:Yo / nQf sk8f wfGg'kg]{ xfd|f] cj:yf clg afWotf olx xf] xfd|f] ljjztf clg oyfy{tf klg . xf] of] / o:t} vfnsf lbgrfof{df xfd|f] ;do Joltt eO/x]sf] 5 . s] cj o:t} vfnsf ;lbof}+ b]lvsf] k/Dk/f wfGgsf nflu dfq sfddf Jo:t /xg] < ls o;df cfw'lgsLs/0f ;lxt gofF ;f]rsf] ljsf;sf sfdx? ub}{ cufl8 a9\g] < ;a}n] o;df lrGtg / cleofg ;'? ug]{ a]nf cfPsf] 5 . b]zsf] df6f] ;'xfpg] / xfd|f] Ps csf{nfO{ lbnf] Hofgn] ;xof]u ug]{ k':tf b]lvsf] k/Dk/fnfO{ ;xsfo{, cfk;L ;xof]u / efOrf/fsf] ;DjGwnfO{ alnof] cfwf/ agfpg] < o:tf k/Dk/fsf wgL xfdL;Fu xf};f 5, lxDdt 5 clg zfx; klg 5 . 9'+ufdf cGg 5bf{ klg pa{/ x'g] xfjfkfgL 5 t/ o;nfO{ ug]{ Joj:yfkgsf ;f]rsf] ljsf; x'g ;d:of 5 . /fHosf] ;fj{hlgs, lglh / ;xsf/L dfkm{t :yfgLo:t/df ePsf] ;|f]t / ;fwgnfO{ clws eGbf clws ?kdf kl/rfng tyf pkof]u ub}{ tLa| cfly{s a[l4 xfl;n ug]{ / lbuf] ?kdf o;sf] k|j4{g ug]{ / pGgt ;dfhsf] lgdf{0f ug]{ k|0f ;a}n] ug'{kg]{ ePsf] 5 . o:tf ;a} vfnsf sfo{x? ug{sf nflu ;xsf/L g} Pp6f dfq pko"{Qm dfWoodsf ?kdf /x]sf] 5 . ;xsf/L dfkm{t eP u/]sf lqmofsnfkx?af6 k|fKt pknlAwx?nfO{ ;dfg'kflts tyf Gofof]lrt ljt/0f ;lxt ;d'bfodf /x]sf jf ufFlhPsf c;dfgtf / o;sf kIfx?nfO{ lj:tf/} lgd"{n kfg{sf nflu ;xsf/Lsf] ljsf; / k|j4{g h?/L 5 . s[lifdf cfwfl/t k]zf g} xfd|f] hLjgsf] cleGg c+u ePsfn] xfdL w]/} o;}df hLjg ePsf] sf/0f lbg/ft o;}df 3'nldn ePsf 5f}+ . k/Dk/fut ?kdf c+ufln/x]sf] s[lif k|0ffnLn] xfd|f] hLjg ofkgdf vf;} pNn]vgLo k|utL ePsf] ;d]t b]lvb}g / kfO{b}g klg . slx st} clncln o;sf] cfw'lglss/0f af/]df k|rf/ k|;f/ ;lxt sfo{ k|utLpGd'v ePsf] b]lvPtf klg ;du|tfdf o; If]qsf] ljsf; x'g ;ls/x]sf] b]lvb}g . o;df w]/} kIfn] c;/ kfl//x]sf] / ;d:of g} ;d:ofn] ;fF3'l/lbPsf] k|i6} b]lvG5 . d}n] tkfFOnfO{ / tkfOx?n] dnfO{ jf Ps csf{nfO{ b'Mv ;'vdf ;fy / ;xof]u ug]{ / ;xsfo{ ug]{ efjgf xfdLdf k'vf{ b]lv g} 5 . o;}nfO{ cfw'lglss/0fsf ?kdf j}1flgs 9+un] ljsf; ug{ / ;xsf/Lsf ?kdf ljsf; ug{ xfdL ;ls/x]sf 5}gf} . zx/L If]qdf h] htL h;/L ;xsf/Ltfsf] ljsf; tyf k|j4{gsf k|of; ePsf] b]lvPtfklg b'u{d jl:tx?df ;xsf/Ltfsf] ljsf; vf;} pNn]vgLo ?kdf ljsf; ePsf] rfFlx kSs} 5}g . ;xsf/Ltfsf] d"No dfGotf bz{gx?sf af/]df pNn]vgLo sfo{x? u|fdL0f ;d'bfosf b'/ b/fhdf ug{ g;ls/x]sf sf/0f xfdLn] Pp6f k':tf g} st} k5f8L kfl//x]sf t 5|}gf] < eGg]] dx;'z eO/x]sf] 5 . o;sf nflu ;a} ;xsf/L sdL{x?df ;femf p2]Zo / lrGtgsf] vfFrf] b]lvPsf] 5 . a}+s tyf ljleGg laQLo ;+:yfx?sf] pNn]vgLo pkl:ytL /x]sf] zx/L If]qdf s'g} klg k|sf/sf k]zf tyf Joj;fox? ;~rfng ug{sf nflu w]/} eGbf w]/} ;Defjgf / cj;/x? /x]sf x'G5g . Pp6f kIfaf6 x'g g;s]sf] sfdx? csf]{ kIfn] ;lhn} ug{sf nflu laQLo If]qsf] nufgL klg ;xh} h'6\g ;Sb5 . t/ h'g ?kdf xfdLn] u|fdL0f ;d'bfodf /x]sf cfd ls;fg tyf ul/jLsf] /]vfd'gL /x]sf cfd gful/sx?sf] nflu ;xsf/L dfkm{t ug'{kg]{ sfdx?sf af/]df ;xsfo{ / ;xeflutf h'6fpg ;Sb}gf} tj;Dd xfdLn] s'g} vfnsf] ljsf; eof] eg]/ eGg] cfwf/ g} /xFb}g eGg] g} xf] . g]kfnsf ;f7L k|ltzt eGbf a9L dflg;x?n] c+ufn]sf s[lif k]zfsf] ;Ddfg ug{ ufpF ufpFdf ;xsf/Lsf] ljsf; / k|j4{g ub}{ Pp6f ultnf] dfWoodsf ?kdf ;xsf/LnfO{ Jojl:yt / bLuf] kl/rfng ug{ xfd|f] Wofg s]lGb|t x'g'kg]{ cfhsf] cfjZostf klg xf] . k/Dkfut ?kdf x'b} cfPsf] s[lif k]zfnfO{ cfw'lglss/0f ub}{ Pp6f ;femf cleofgsf ?kdf xfdLn] xfd|f] df6f] / 3]/f kmf6]sf 6f]lk nufpg] ls;fgsf] kIfdf jsfnt slxn] ug]{ xf]nf < lrGtfsf] laifo ag]sf] 5 . b]zdf #$%!@ sf] ;+Vofdf /x]sf] ;xsf/Lx?nfO{ u|]l8+u ub}{ zx/L If]qdf / u|fdL0f If]qdf s] s:tf cj:yf / ;+VofTds / u'0ffTds ?kdf s:tf] cj:yfsf ?kdf ;xsf/Lx? /x]sf 5g\ t eGg] Plsg ub}{ u|fdL0f If]qdf ;xsf/Lsf] pkl:ytL / kx'Frdf a[l4 ug'{ kg]{ ePsf] 5 . ^) k|ltzt ls;fg u|fdL0f ;d'bfodf g} /x]sf / clwsf{z s[lif k]zfdf g} lge{/ /x]sf] x'Fbf pgLx?n] pTkfbg ug]{ b}lgs pkef]Uo j:t' bfn , rfdn, u]8fu'l8, tyf t/sf/Lx?nfO{ :jb]zdf g} vkt u/fpgsf nflu / ahf/ ;d]t ljsf; / lj:tf/ u/L ;xh tl/sfn] cfd pkef]Qmfx?df k'/\ofpgsf nflu cj l9nf gul/sg} ;xsf/Lsf] If]qdf tlNng x'g'kg]{ afWotf /x]sf] 5 . aif{ e/Ldf 8]9 va{ eGbf a9L s[lif hGo j:t'x? cfoft x'g] o; b]zsf] s[lif k|0ffnL s;/L pGgt x'g ;Sb5 t eGg] rf;f] cj ;xsf/LsdL{ kl/jf/x?nfO{ x'g} kb{5 . s'g}klg sfd ug{sf nflu /sdsf] cefj x'g' :jfefljs} xf] . pQm /sd k|fKt ug{sf nflu a}+s tyf lalQo ;+:yf g} x'g . o:tf a}+s tyf lalQo ;+:yfx? u|fdL0f If]qdf k'Ugsf nflu ;'/Iff tyf cfd dfglg;sf] Ifdtf a}+s tyf lalQo ;+:yfx?n] vfh]sf x'G5g . hxfF kmfObf x'b}g To; :yfgdf a}+s tyf lalQo ;+:yfx? k'Ug ;Sb}gg . o;}sf/0f klg u|fdL0f ;d'bfodf uP/ sfd ug{ ;xsf/L g} ljsNksf ?kdf cufl8 cfpF5 . ;xsf/L ;d'bfodf cfwfl/t ePsf] / ;fdflhs, cfly{s, ;fF:s[lts ?kdf Joj;fo ug]{ dfWood ePsf] / o;sf] dd{ efjgf / bz{g ;d]t ;a}sf] lxtdf ;~rfng x'g] sf/0f ;d'bfodf jf:tljs ls;fgsf nflu cg's'n x'G5 . ;xsf/Ln] gfkmf dfq x]b}{g . o;n] ;d'bfo / :yfgLo dflg;x?sf] b}lgsL klg x]/]s} x'G5 . plgx?sf] cfly{s ;fdflhs ;fF:s[lts laifox? ;d]tnfO{ Vofn ub}{ cfo cfh{g, /f]huf/L / hLjgnfO{ lhpg ;lhnf] agfpg] sfo{ ;xsf/Ldf dfq ug{ ;Sg] sf/0f klg u|fdL0f ;d'bfodf ;xsf/Lsf] pkl:ytL afSnf] agfpg} kb{5 . yf/} yf/} k"FhL, kmh'n vr{nfO{ hf]ufO{ Ps} :yfgdf art ;+sng ub}{ pQm k'FhLnfO{ :yfgLo z]o/ ;b:ox?sf] b}lgls kl/jt{gsf nflu nufgL ug]{ sfd ;xsf/Ln] ug]{ sf/0f klg ;xsf/L ;lhn} ls;fgsf] cfzfsf] s]Gb| aGb5 . of] / o:tf laifodf / ;xsf/Lsf] kmfO{bf tyf dxTjsf laifodf u|fdL0f ;d'bfodf xfdLn] cleofg rnfpg ;s]s} 5}gf} . ;d'bfodf /x]sf ;xsf/Lx?nfO{ ;xsf/Lsf p2]Zo cg';f/ ;~rfng ug{sf nflu xfn b]lvPsf] k|d'v ;d:of eg]sf] bIf / hfgsf/ AolQmx?sf] pkl:ytL sd /xg' g} xf] . u|fdL0f ;d'bfodf ;xsf/Ltf ;DjlGw hfg] a'em]sf AolQmx? sd pkl:ytL / l;Sg] / l;sfpg] dfgj z+;fwgx?sf] cefj g} ;xsf/Lsf] k|j4{gsf] ;d:ofsf] ?kdf /x]sf] hf] s;}nfO{ hfgsf/L ePs} laifo xf] . o;sf nflu /fHosf] tkm{af6 plrt Joj:yfkg x'g'kb{5 . lxhf]sf] lbgdf ljleGg axfgfdf :yflkt ePsf ;xsf/L ;+:yfx?sf] ;~rfng tyf Joj:yfkg ug{sf nflu :yfgLo txn] agfPsf sfg"g tyf ;xsf/L P]g @)&$ n] k|bfg u/]sf] Joj:yfx?sf af/]df hfgsf/L /fVb} ;Ifd tyf bLuf] ;xsf/L ;~rfngsf nflu kxn ug'{ g} pQd sfo{ x'g]5 . :yfgLo:t/df /x]sf ;xsf/L ;+:yfx?sf nflu Ifdtf ljsf;sf nflu ;~rfns ;ldlt, n]vf ;'kl/j]If0f ;ldlt, sd{rf/L, ;xsf/L cleoGtf, z]o/ ;b:ox?, ljleGg pk ;ldltsf ;b:ox? aLrdf 5nkmn tyf cGt{lqmofTds ?kdf 5nkmn rnfpg] /sdsf] Joj:yfkg ug]{ sfo{df ;d]t :yfgLo txx? nfUg} kg]{ x'G5 . h;af6 :yfgLo ;xsf/Lsf] ljsf;sf] 9f]sf v'Ng hfG5 . h;af6 :yfgLo ls;fgx?sf] s[lif;Fu ;DjlGwt k]zfx?sf] cfw'lglss/0fdf 6]jf k'Ug hfG5 . pTkfbgsf If]qdf ahf/ / ahfl/s/0fsf laifosf af/]df hfgsf/L eO plrt d"No k|fKt eO{ nufgL / :j:y jftfj/0fsf] l;h{gf x'G5 . s[lif;Fu ;DjlGwt cf}hf/ ;fdu|L_ ;'ky d"Nodf ;xh} k|fKt x'ghfG5 . s[lif If]qnfO{ k|fT] ;fxgsf ;fy cufl8 a9fpFbf jf:tljs ls;fgsf] Joj;flos/0f x'gs ' f ;fy} cfly{s kIfsf] a[l4 x'g hfG5 . clg xfdLn] ;fr]sf] ;xsf/L aNn jf:tljs ls;fg;Fusf] kx'r F df a[l4 eO{ l;+uf] b]zn] sfFrn' L km]g5 {] . ho ;xsf/L

^

r]i6f ;fKtflxs

a'8f]n ;fd'bflos ;fsf];sf] h]i7 gful/s ;Ddfg

jif{ @$ c+s %! @)&% sflt{s * ut] ljxLjf/

u}/ ljlQo ;Dklt lalqmsf nflu uf]Ko lznaGbL 6]08/ cfJxfg ;DaGwL ;"rgf -k|yd k6s k|sflzt ldlt @)&% ;fn sflt{s & ut]

o; ;+:yfsf] !( cf}+ jflif{s ;fwf/0f ;efsf] ldlt @)&%c;f]h @& ut] a;]sf] ;efsf] lg0f{o cg';f/ ;+:yfsf] gfddf btf{ sfod ePsf] tklzn adf]lhdsf] hUuf / b'O{ tNn] ejg h] h:tf] cj:yfdf 5,;f]xL cj:yfdf uf]Ko lznaGbL af]nkq k|lqmofaf6 lalqm ul/]g] ePsf]n] of] ;"rgf k|sflzt ul/Psf] 5 . OR5's JolQm,kmd{ jf sDklgaf6 lnlvt zt{x?sf] clwgdf /lx ;"rgf k|sflzt ePsf] ldltn] & lbg leq ;+:yfn] pknAw u/fPsf] af]nkq kmf/fd e/L ;+:yfsf] sfof{no ag]kf gu/kflnsf –!) l:yt k"nahf/ sfe|d] f uf]Ko lznaGbL af]nkq k]z ug'{ x'g cfJxfg ul/G5 .

ag]kf÷ljhof bzdL @)&% sf] cj;/ kf/]/ a'8f]n ;fd'bflos art tyf C0f ;xsf/L ;+:yf ln=n] ut zlgaf/ Ho]i7 gful/s ;Ddfg sfo{qmd ;DkGg u/]sf] 5 . sfo{qmddf ;+:yfdf cfj4 &% jif{ pd]/ k"/f ePsf ! ;o @* hgf ;b:onfO{ ;Ddfg ul/Psf] xf] . ;+:yfsf ;+rfns ;ldlt, n]vf ;ldlt, ljleGg pk;ldltsf kbflwsf/L tyf ;b:ox¿ / sd{rf/Lx¿ ;lDdlnt 6f]nL agfP/ ;b:ox¿sf] 6f]n 6f]ndf / czQm ;b:osf]

xsdf 3/df g} uO{ Ho]i7 gful/sx?df bz}+, ltxf/sf] z'esfdgf ;lxt ;Ddfg k|bfg ul/Psf] xf] . ;+:yfn] sfo{qmdsf] nflu 5'6\ofO{Psf] ah]6 ;Fu;Fu} ;xof]uLx¿af6 ;+sng ul/Psf] /sd ;d]taf6 ;Ddflgt x'g] Ho]i7 gful/sx¿nfO{ gub ¿=# ;o ;lxt pmgLsf] cf]9\g], 6f]kL, 6fjn / 6r{ nfO6 pkxf/ k|bfg ul/Psf] lyof] . ;+:yfn] ljut !% jif{b]lv Ho]i7 gful/s ;Ddfg sfo{qmdnfO{ lg/Gt/tf lbb} cfPsf] k|d'v sfo{sf/L clws[t ljj]s/fh 7s'/Ln] hfgsf/L lbP .

kqsf/ uf]n] cd]l/sf hf“b}

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z' e sfdgf AoQm u/] s f] 5 . cWoIf df] t L/fd ltdlN;gf, k| b ] z gDj/ # sf ;lrj ;' / ] z x' d fufO{ , dxf;+ 3 sf pkfWoIf /d] z Gof} k fg] nufot lhNnfsf ;lqmo kqsf/x?sf] ;xeflutf /x] s f] lyof] . uf]n]nfO{ s[oflzn kqsfl/tfdf ;lqmo /xg z' e sfdgf lbO{ P sf] lyof] .

;fljs 7]ufgf ;fFuf–^,sfe|] ;fFuf–^,sfe|]

tklzn xfnsf] 7]ufgf ag]kf g=kf–!),sfe|] ag]kf g=kf–!),sfe|]

ls=g !**! !@$$

If]qkmn lsl;d )–%–#–@ 3=c= )–)–@–) 3=c=

lznaGbL af]nkq ;DaGwL zt{ / aGb]hx? !_ uf]Ko lznaGbL af]nkq bftfn] cfkm'n] sa'n u/]sf] /sdsf] Joxf]/f s]/d]/ gu/L c+s / cIf/df :ki6 n]lvPsf] x'g'kg{] 5 . cs+ / cIf/df saf]n c+s km/s kg{ uPdf cIf/df pNn]lvt /sdnfO{ dfGotf lbO{g5 ] . @_ af]nkqsf ;fy af]nkq bftfn] JolQm eP clgjfo{ ?kdf gful/stf k|df0fkqsf] k|ltlnkL,;+3÷;+:yf sDkgL ePdf clVtof/gfdf,;~rfns ;ldltsf] lg0f{osf] k|ltlnkL ,;+:yf btf{ k|df0f kq k|ltlnkL ,:yfoL n]vf g+ k|df0f kqsf] k|ltnLkL ;+nUg u/L k]z ug'{ kg{] 5 . #_ lznaGbL af]nkqdf pNn]lvt sfuh ;lxt cfjZos ljj/0f v'nfO{ nfxf5fk ;lxt lzn vfdaGbL u/L >L eQm]Zj/L gf/L r]tgf art tyf C0f ;xsf/L ;+:yf ln=sf] hUuf tyf b'O{ tNn] ejg vl/b ;DaGwL uf]Ko lznaGbL af]nkq pNn]v u/L af]nkq bftfsf] gfd ,7]ufgf ;Dks{ gDa/ :ki6 ?kdf pNn]v u/L k]z ug'{ kg{5 ] . $_ lznaGbL af]nkq kmf/fd ;"rgf k|sfzg ePsf] ldltn] & cf}+ lbg lbpF;f] #M)) ah] leq lgj]bg btf{ ul/;Sg' kg{5 ] . %_ lznaGbL af]nkq of] ;"rgf k|sflzt ePsf] ldltn] * cf}+ lbg ;+:yfsf] sfof{no ag]kfdf lbgsf] !!M)) ah] af]nkqbftf jf lghx?sf] k|ltlgwLx?sf] /f]xa/df vf]lng]5 . t/ af]nkq bftf jf lghx?sf] k|ltlgwLx? pkl:yt gePdf klg tf]lsPsf] ;dodf af]nkq vf]Ng afwf x'g] 5}g . ^_ lznaGbL af]nkq vf]Ng] lbg ;fj{hgLs labf kg{ uPdf ;f]sf] nut} sfof{no v'ns ] f] lbg lznaGbL af]nkq vf]lng]5 . &_ lznaGbL af]nkq ;fy cfkm'n] sa'n u/]sf] c+ssf] % k|ltztn] x'g cfpg] /sd ;+:yfsf] k|fu] l]| ze kmfOgfG; ln=ag]kf–!) k'nahf/sf] vftf g+=!^–))))–$* hDdf ul/ ;f] sf] ;Ssn} ef}r/ af]nkq kmf/fd ;Fu} /flv lznaGbL ul/ k]z ug'k[ g{5 ] . *_ Dofb gfl3 tyf /Lt gk'uL Go'gd d"No eGbf sd /sd tf]ls cfPsf] / zt{ ;lxtsf] af]nkq pk/ s'g} sf/afxL ul/g] 5}g . (_ af]nkq :jLs[t ug{] jf gug{] k"0f{ clwsf/ ;+:yfdf lglxt x'g5 ] . !)_ af]nkq :jLs[t ePdf ;DaGwLt JolQm,kmd{ jf sDkgLn] saf]n u/]sf] afFsL (% k|ltzt /sd & lbg leq hDdf ug'k{ g{5 ] . cGoyf lghsf] w/f}6L jfktsf] /sd :jtM hkmt u/L :jLs[t af]nkq /4 u/L cGo k|lqmof canDag ul/g]5 . !!_ /sd hDdf eP kZrft tTsfn} hUuf kf; ;DaGwL k|lqmof cl3 a9fOg]5 . !@_ pQm ;Dkltsf] /lhi6]z « g kf; ubf{ nfUg] ;Dk'0f{ ;/sf/L b:t'/ cGo s/ tyf z'Ns ;DaGwLt 6]08/afnf JolQm jf kmd{ sDkgL cfkm}n] ltg'{ kg{5 ] . !#_ laqmL x'g] hUuf ;Fu ;DaGwLt sfuhft x]g{ jf yk hfgsf/L lng rfxg' x'g] dxfg'efjx?n] ;+:yfsf]] sfof{no ag]kf g=kf–!)k"nahf/df sfof{no ;do leq ;Dks{ /fVg ;Sg'xg' 5 ] .

>L eQm]Zj/L gf/L r]tgf art tyf C0f ;xsf/L ;+:yf ln= ag]kf gu/kflnsf –!) k"nahf/ ,sfe|] ;Dks{ gDa/–(*$!&&&*!^

k|b]z ;/sf/ k|b]z g+=#

pBf]u, ko{6g, jg tyf jftfj/0f dGqfno 3/]n' tyf ;fgf pBf]u sfof{no k|ljlw -d]zLg pks/0f x:tfGt/0f ;DaGwL ;"rgf k|sflzt ldltM—@)&%÷)&÷ )*

cf=a= )&%÷)&^ sf] jflif{s sfo{qmd ;~rfngfy{ ljlgof]lht /sdsf] kl/lwleq /lx o; sfof{nodf btf{ /x]sf] n3', 3/]n', tyf ;fgf pBdLsf] lgldQm pBf]usf] k|s[lt, cfjZostf pBf]uaf6 >[hgf x'g] /f]huf/Lsf] cfwf/df ? !,)),))) .—-Ps nfv ?k}of_+ ;Ddsf] k|ljlw -d]zLg, pks/0f_ pknAw u/fO{g] ePsf]n] cfkm'nfO{ cfjZos k|ljlwsf] ljj/0f ;lxt tf]lsPsf] 9fFrfdf of] ;"rgf k|sfzg ePsf] ldtLn] #) -tL;_lbg leq k|:tfj -lga]bg_ k]z ug{ x'g ;j{;fwf/0fsf] hfgsf/Lsf] lgldQ of] ;"rgf k|sfzg ul/Psf] 5 . != lgj]bg k|ljlw -d]zLg, pks/0f_ x:tfGt/0f sfo{jlw @)&# sf] cg';'lr ! sf] 9f+rfdf k]z ug'{ kg]{5 . @= lgj]bg ;fy clgjfo{ ?kdf ;+nUg x'g'kg]{ sfuhftx? M– – pBf]u btf{÷gljs/0f k|df0f kqsf] k|ltlnkL .

– :yfoL n]vf -Kofg btf{_ k|df0f kqsf] k|ltlnkL .

– cf=a )&$÷)&% sf] cfGtl/s /fhZj sfof{nsf] s/ r'Qmf k|df0f kqsf] k|ltlnkL .

– pBf]usf] Aoj;foLs of]hgf -l:sd_.

– cg'ej tyf tflndsf k|df0fkqx?sf] k|ltlnlkx? .

– lgj]bg b:t'/ jfktsf] ? !)) .)) -Ps ;o ?kofF _ dfq /fHfZj lzif{s g+= !$@@( sfof{no sf]8 #)&)!@^)! /f=af=a}+s vftf !)))@)))!)))) df hDdf u/]sf] a}s + ef}r/ jf gubL /l;b . #=k|fKt k|:tfj lhNnf l:yt k|:tfj d"Nof+ªs \ g ;ldltåf/f d"Nofª\sg ul/g]5 . $=pknAw u/fOg] k|ljlwsf] cfk"lt{stf{n] saf]n u/]sf] s"n cª\ssf] @)-lj;_ k|ltzt /sd k|ljlw k|fKt ug]{ pBfdL :jodn] a]xf{g] ' kg]5 { . %=Dofb gf3L jf /Lt gk'¥ofO{ k]z x'g cfPs]f k|:tfjx? :jtM cdfGo x'g5 ] . ^=o;cl3 sfof{noaf6 k|lalw -d]zLg, pks/0f_k|fKt u/L;s]sf pBdLx?nfO{ % aif{ cawL k'/f gu/L k'gM k|lalw pknAw u/fOg] 5}g . &=cGo cfjZos hfgsf/Lsf nfuL sfof{ n osf] kmf] = g= )!!–$()!%$÷)!!–$()(&* jf sfof{nodf ;Dks{ ug'{ xf]nf .

z'esfdgf @)&% ;fnsf] lahof bzdL, z'e bLkfjnL, 57kj{ tyf g]kfn ;+jtsf] ;'vb cj;/df ;d:t u|fxs ju{df ;'v, zflGt ;d[l4, ;':jf:Yo bL3f{o"sf] xflb{s d+undo z'esfdgf JoQm ub{5f}+ .

g]kfn 6]lnsd kl/jf/

xflb{s awfO{ tyf z'esfdgf o; Joj;foL ;+3sf sf]iffWoIf /fd;'Gb/ >]i7 gf]a]n art tyf C0f ;xsf/L ;+:yf ln=sf] 5}7f}+ jflif{s ;fwf/0f ;efaf6 ul/dfdo cWoIf kbdf lglj{/f]w lgjf{lrt x'g'ePsf]df xflb{s awfO{ 1fkg ub{} sfo{sfn ;kmntfsf]

lbnaxfb'/ zfxL cWoIf tyf

sfe|] a; Joj;foL ;+3 kl/jf/ ag]kf, sfe|]

&

r]i6f ;fKtflxs

jif{ @$ c+s %! @)&% sflt{s * ut] ljxLjf/

kqsf/ cfrf/ ;+lxtfsf af/]df ;fj{hlgs ;'g'jfO{ ag]kf÷kqsf/ dxf;+3 sfe|] zfvf / k|]; sfplG;n g]kfnsf] cfof]hgfdf klxnf] k6s kqsf/ cfrf/ ;+lxtfsf af/]df ;fj{hlgs ;''g'jfO{ ul/Psf] 5 . zfvf cWoIf df]tL/fd ltdlN;gfsf] cWoIftfdf ;DkGg ;fj{hlgs ;'g'jfO{df gful/s ;dfh / kqsf/x?n] k|]; sfplG;n g]kfn / kqsf/x?n] v]Ng' kg{] e"ldsfsf af/]df ;'emfj lbPsf lyP . sfplG;nsf ;b:o z'e]R5f ljGb' t'nfwf/ / OZj/L cf]emfn] k|]; sfplG;n g]kfnsf] e"ldsf / ;fj{hlgs ;'g'jfO{sf] dxTjsf af/]df hfgsf/L u/fPsf lyP . cf]emfn] sfplG;nn] klxnf] k6s kqsf/x?s} ljifodf ;fj{hlgs ;'g'jfO{ z'? ul/Psf] atfP . ;fj{hlgs ;'g'jfO{ sfo{qmdn] kqsf/x? cfrf/ ;+lxtf sfof{Gjog ug{ / gful/sx?sf] clwsf/sf af/]df yk pQ/bfloTj axg x'g] atfP . sfplG;n ;b:o t'nfwf/n] ljifout cfrf/ ;+lxtf / lgb{]lzsf tof/ u/]sf] k|]; sfplG;nn] ;+rf/dfWodx? gful/s k|lt hjfkmb]lx aGg ;fj{hlgs ;'g'jfO{sf] yfngL u/]sf] atfP . kqsf/x?sf] Ifdtf clea[4L ug{], ;+rf/dfWodx?sf] /]s8{ /fVg] / ;+rf/sdL{x?nfO{ ;+lxtf sfof{Gjog u/fpg] sfplG;nsf] pb]ZonfO{ ;fj{hlgs ;'g'jfO{ dfkm{t cem} lhDd]jf/Ljf]w u/fpg] sfplG;nsf pk k|zf;lso clws[t /fdz/0f af]x/fn] atfP . …b]ze/ /x]sf ;+rf/dfWodx?sf] l8lh6n cg'udg ug{]

sfo{ z'? ePsf] 5Ú–af]xf]/fn] eg] . b]ze/ ;+rfngdf /x]sf #@ j6f 6]lnlehg, # ;o Pkm Pd / !# ;o cgnfO{gsf] l8lh6n /]s8{ /fVg] sfd z'? ePsf] pgn] atfP . kqklqsfx?sf] xsdf sflt{s b]lv nfu' x'g] u/L lkl8Pkm kmfO{n ;DjlGwt k|sfzg ePs} cl3Nnf] lbg;Dd ck8]6 ug{] u/L ;km6j]o/sf] ;d]t tof/ ul/;lsPsf] pk k|zf;lso clws[t af]xf]/fn] atfP . ;fj{hlgs ;'g'jfO{ sfo{qmddf ;fd'bflos ag pkef]Qmf dxf;+3sf k|b]z # sf cWoIf ljgf]b ;fksf]6fn] cfrf/ ;+lxtf sfof{Gjogdf kqsf/x? cfkm}n] Wofg lbg' kg{] atfP . kqsf/x?sf] ljZj;lgotf sfod /fVg, k|ltzf]wsf] kqsfl/tf ePsf] atfpFb} To;nfO{ ;'wfg{ ;'emfj lbP . kqsf/ / kqsfl/tfsf af/]df gful/sn] ;d]t k|Zg ;f]Wg kfpg] ;fj{hlgs ;'g'jfO{sf] ;xeflux?n] wGojfb lbPsf lyP . cfkm' cg's'n eP ;a} l7s, cg's'n gx'Fbf ;dfrf/ n]Vg] uf]6L kqsf/x?sf] ljsf; ePsfn] /f]Sg' kg{] cWoIf ;fksf]6fn] atfP .

:kfO{gn OGh'/L k'g{:yfkgf s]Gb|sf] cGt{lqmof ag] k f÷:kfO{ g n OGh' / L k'g{:yfkgf s]Gb| e};]kf6L ;fFufn] ;/f]sf/jfnf;Fu cGt{lqmof sfo{qmd cfof]hgf u/]sf] 5 . lhNnf ;dGjo ;ldlt sfe|]sf k|d'v p4j s];Lsf] k|d'v cfltYotfdf ;DkGg sfo{ q mddf ;/f]sf/jfnfx?n] ckfËtf 36fpg ckgfpg' kg{] k|s[ofsf af/]df ;'emfj lbPsf lyP . sfo{qmddf EjfO{; k|f]h]S6sf Dofg]h/ lbkf pkfWofon] :kfO{gn OGh/Lsf af/]df cjnf]sg u/fPsL lyO{g\ . /fdk|;fb

pBf]u afl0fHo ;+3sf cWoIf k|sfz dfgGw/n] gsf/fTds eGbf ;sf/fTds ;dfrf/nfO{ k|fyldstf lbg cfu|x u/] . g]kfn af/ Pzf]l;P;gsf cWoIf s[i0fk|;fb ;fksf]6fn] vf]h kqsfl/tf x/fpFb} uPsf] / k|ltzf]w kqsfl/tf km:6fpFb} uPsf] atfP . KofA;g cWoIf ;Togf/fo0f >]i7n] gLlh If]qsf ljifonfO{ kqsf/x?n] Wofg lbg' kg{] atfP . kqsf/ led uf}tdn] k|]; sfplG;nsf] e"ldsf / kqsf/x?n] p7fPsf ljifodf Wofg lbg' kg{] atfPsf lyP . x/]s If]qdf /fhgLlts ljifon] k|fyldstf k|fKt u/]sf] eGb} pgn] skf{]/]6 xfp;af6 kqsf/x? 8f]ldg]6 x'g' k/]sf] atfP . ;lrj gu]Gb| clwsf/Ln] sfo{qmd ;+rfng ub{} kqsf/x?sf af/]df gful/sx?n] ;d]t k|Zg ;f]Wg kfpg] / kqsf/x?n] cfrf/ ;+lxtf sfof{Gjog ug{] s'/fdf Wofg lbg' kg{] atfP . ;f]lx cj;/df kqsf/ dxf;+3n] ljhof bzdLsf] cj;/df z'esfdgf cfbfg k|bfg ;d]t u/]sf] lyof] .

d08g b]pk'/df gu/a; ;'?

Aoj:yfkg aLr ;xsfo{sf ljifodf 5nkmn ul/Psf] lyof] . sfo{qmddf ljifo lj1 8f= lbg]z e'hn' ] sfo{kq k|:t't u/]sf lyP . ljkb s;/L x'G5 jf ljkb x'g glbg :yfgLo ;/sf/x?n] s] s] ug{ ;S5 < pTyfglzntf a9fpg ;lsG5 < eGg] ljifodf sfo{kqdf pNn]v u/]sf lyP . :yfgLo ;/sf/sf k|dv ' pkk|dv ' , sfof{no k|dv ' x? tyf ;/f]sf/jfnf lgsfosf k|ltlglwx?sf] ;xeflutf /x]sf] lyof] . sfo{qmddf k|lhc /fptn] ;d'bfonfO{ zzlQms/0f ug{ ;/sf/L, u}/;/sf/L tyf gLlh If]q ;lqmo x'g' kg{] atfP . Aoj:yfkgsf nflu :yfgLo ;/sf/x?n] ;do b]lv g} ;hutf ckgfO{ cuf8L a9g' kg{] ;dGjo k|dv ' p4j s];Ln] atfP .

>L OGb|Z] j/ art tyf C0f ;xsf/L ;+:yf ln=, kgf}tL sfe|s ] f]

!! cf}+ jflif{s ;fwf/0f ;ef ;DaGwL ;"rgf o; ;+:yf ln=sf] !! cf}F aflif{s ;fwf/0f ;ef b]xfo adf]lhd ;DkGg x'g] ePsf]n] ;+:yf ln=sf ;Dk"0f{ ;b:o dfgefjx?nfO{ pkl:ytsf] nflu kq k7fO;lsPsf] 5 olb kq k|fKt gePdf o;} ;"rgfnfO{ cfwf/ dfgL ;efdf pkl:yt eO{lbg'x'g xflb{s cg'/f]w ul/G5 .

5nkmnsf ljifox? != ;+:yfsf] ;lrjsf] k|ltj]bg kfl/t ug{] . @= ljlgod ;+zf]wg . #= sf]iffWoIfsf] k|ltj]bg kfl/t ug{] . $= n]vf ;'kl/j]If0f ;ldlts]f k|ltj]bg kfl/t ug{] . %= cf=j= )&$÷)&% sf] n]vf kl/If0f k|ltj]bg kfl/t ug{] . ^= cfufdL cf=j= )&%.)&^ sf] sfo{of]hgf tyf ah]6 kfl/t ug{] . &= dfOGo'6 ;b/ ;ldlt ;DaGwdf . *= cf=j= )&%.)&^ sf] n]vf kl/Ifssf] lgo'lQm tyf kfl/>lds tf]Sg] . (= ljljw . sfo{qmd M ldlt M— @)&% sflt{s !) ut] zlgjf/ ;do M— ljxfg !!M)) ah] -pkl:ylt !) ahb]lv g} v'Nnf /xg] 5_ :yfg M— >L OGb|Z] J/ SofDk; xn, kgf}tL & ljz]if ;"rgf != ;fwf/0f ;efdf pkl:yt z]o/ ;b:ox?nfO{ kl/jxg vr{ :j?k ?= @%)÷– Joj:yf ul/g]5 . @= # dlxgfeGbf a9L lgoldt art ug{ afFsL z]o/ ;b:ox?nfO{ kl/jxg vr{sf] Joj:yf ul/g] 5}g . #= @)&% kfi}f d;fGt;Dd lgoldt artsf] ljnDa zN'sdf k0"f{ 56'sf] Joj:yf ul/Psf] 5 . $= @)&% sflt{s !! ut] ;+:yf ljbf x'g5 ] .

w'lnv]n, /lj÷o'jf ;+3 g]kfn w'lnv]n gu/kflnsf j8f @ sf] j8f sld6Lsf] cfof]hgfdf gu/ :t/Lo bf];f| ] :j= /fhg sf]O/{ fnf :d[tL sk /lgË lzN8 k|ltof]lutf k|bz ] g+= # sf ef}lts of]hgf tyf k'jf{wf/ ljsf; dGqL s]za :yflktsf] k|dv ' cfltYotfdf ;DkGg ePsf] 5 . sfoq{mddf afN]b} kd|v ' cltyL :yflktn] ljsf; lgdf0fd{f ;/sf/n] s;;}uF ;Demft}f gug]{ atfP . ljsf;sf] sfo{ cl3 al9;ss ] fn] To;nfO{ s;n}] /fS]g g;Sg] pgn] atfP . sfoq{mddf kb|z ] ;ef ;b:o a;G'w/f xd'fufO,{ gk]fn gu/kflnsf ;3s + f cWoIf tyf wl'nvn] gu/kflnsf kd|v ' czfs ] AofGh," agk]f gu/kflnsfsf pk kd|v ' /v ] f ;fksf6]f bfxfn, @ g+ j8fsf

sfjf j8f cWoIf chg{' Gofk}fg,] j8f ;b:o l6sf aNwj ;fksf6]f, ;l]tbj]L bU'w pTkfbs ;xsf/L ;:+yf ln=sf cWoIf rte"{ h' ltdlN;gf, ;fgf ls;fg sl[if ;xsf/L ;:+yf ln=sf cWoIf bj]k;|fb sfO]/{fnf, gs ] kf wl'nvn] @ g+ sf p4j rfn}fufO{ nufotsf AolQmx?n] :j= j8f cWoIf /fhg sfO]/{fnfn] ljsf; lgdf0fd{f u/s ] f] ofu]bfgsf] rrf{ u/s ] f lyP . sfo{qmddf j8f g+ & n] j8f gDj/ $ nfO{ k/flht u/L elnan sk xfl;n u/]sf] lyof] . k|yd x'g] l6dn] gub @) xhf/ / pk ljh]tfn] gub !) xhf/ k|fKt u/] . sfo{qmddf pTs[i6 v]nf8L 3f]lift ePsf ;lgr s';h' n' fO{ gub @ xhf/ ;lxt 6«kmL k|bfg ul/Psf] lyof] . o'jf ;3+ g]kfnsf j8f sld6L ;+of]hs dw's/ u]nfnsf] ;efkltTjdf ;DkGg ePsf] lyof] .

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v/]nn] ;+rfng u/]sf] sfo{qmddf k|zf;lso 8fO{/]S6/ xl/ clwsf/L, ljkL >]i7, O{;f yfkf 9'+ufgf, 8f= /fh' 9sfn, k|r08 >]i7, j8f cWoIfx?, lhNnf :jf:Yo tyf cGo If]qsf AolQmx?sf] ;xeflutf /x]sf] lyof] . ?vaf6 n8]/ tyf b'36{ gfdf k/L d]?b08 efFlrPsf AolQmx?sf] ;dfhdf k'g{:yfkgf / plgx?sf] cfly{s z;lQms/0fsf nflu ug{' kg{] sfdsf af/]df ;/f]sf/jfnfx?n] ljifo s]lGb|t /x]/ 5nkmn u/]sf lyP .

pTyfglzntfsf nflu ;d'bfo ;zlQms/0f w' l nv] n ÷:yfgLo txdf pTyfglzntfsf nflu nufgL ljifos cGt{lqmof sfo{qmd w'lnv]ndf ;DkGg ePsf] 5 . ljkb Go"lgs/0f nflu ljZj k|fs[lts k|sf]k lbk; lbj;sf] cj;/ kf/L pQm sfo{qmd cfof]hgf ul/Psf] xf] . k|d'v lhNnf clwsf/L s[i0fafb'/ /fptsf] cWoIftfdf ;DkGg sfo{qmddf lhNnf ;dGjo ;ldlt sfe|s ] f k|dv ' p4j s];L k|dv ' cltyL /x]sf lyP . sfo{qmddf ljsf; jf ljkb Aoj:yfkg, sfe|] lhNnf / jl/k/L /x]sf ljBdfg ljkb ;DjGwL ;d:of / r'gf}tLx?, :yfgLo tx cfkm}n] ug{ ;Sg] Go'lgs/0f sfo{x?, ljsf; /

g]kfn af/ Pzf]l;P;g sfe|]sf k'j{ cWoIf gj/fh a8fnn] dxTjk"0f{ / ;+j]bglzn ljifo ePsfn] ;a} kqsf/x?n] Vofn k'¥ofpg kg{] atfP . sfplG;nsf] sf/jfxL k|s[of, ljwL / k4tLn] Gofo kfpg l9nfO{ x'g] atfpFb} a8fnn] ljrf/fwLg ljifodf ;d]t ;dfrf/ k|sfzg u/]/ cbfnt eGbf klxNo} lg0f{o ubf{ Gofo dg{] atfP . sfg'g Aoj;foL lji0f'k|;fb ;fksf]6fn] ;]jf / k]zfnfO{ Aoj;fodf kl/0ft ub{} ;+lxtf sfof{Gjog ug{' kg{] atfP . sfg'g eGbf 7'nf] g}ltstf ePsfn] :jcg'dug / :jcg'zf;g sfod x'g' kg{] ;fksf]6fn] atfP . kqsf/x?sf] cfrf/ ;+lxtf 5'§} ePsf] cfkm'n] klxnf] k6s ;'g]sf] pgn] atfP . g]kfn pBf]u afl0fHo dxf;+3sf s]lGb|o ;b:o ;'/s[i0f a}Bn] hgtf ;dIf kqsf/x?sf ljifo n}hfg' dxTjk"0f{ ePsfn] o;}nfO{ lg/Gt/tf lbg' kg{] atfP . ;fj{hlgs ;'g'jfO{n] kqsf/x?sf ljifodf cfd gful/sn] hfGg] cj;/ k|fKt ePsf] a}Bn] atfP . sfe|]

gu/ :t/Lo elnan sk j8f gDj/ & n] kfof]

gdf]a4' gu/kflnsf gu/ sfo{kflnsfsf] sfof{no d08g b]pk'/÷d08g b]pk'/ gu/kflnsfn] bz}sf] cj;/ kf/L x]nDa' oftfoft ;]jf ;ldltsf] ;xof]udf gu/ a; ;]jf ;+rfngdf NofPsf] 5 . a; ;]jf ;+rfngsf] z'ef/De g]skfsf al/i7 g]tf dfwj g]kfnn] u/]sf lyP . gs ] kfsf al/i7 gt]f Pj+ kj'{ kw|fgdGqL dfwj gk]fnn] hgtfn] w/]} cfz u/s ] f] ;/sf/sf] sfdnfO{ lta| ult lbg kw|fgdGqLn] 808f rnfpg' kg]{ ;e'mfj lbPsf 5g\ . …kw|fgdGqL Ho" klxn] tkfOs { f dGqL clg ;lrj, dxflgbs {] xb'F } OlGhlgo/ / lgdf0{f Aoj;foLx? dfyL 808f rnfpg;'Ú\–gt]f gk]fnn] eg] . d08g bp]k/' gu/kflnsfdf gu/ a; ;j]f ze'f/De sfoq{mddf afN]b} gs ] kfsf al/i7 gt]f dfwjsd'f/ gk]fnn] sfen]|fO{ kb|z ] dfq geO{ dn's ' s} sG]bs | f] ?kdf ljsf; ugk{'g{] atfPsf 5g\ . gt]f gk]fnn] ;z ' Ln sfO]/fnf gt]T[jsf] ;/sf/sf] kfnfbl]v g} :yfgLo txsf nflu cfjZos sfgg' lgdf0{f ug{ l9nfO{ ePsf sf/0f clxn] clwsf/sf ljifodf ;d:of cfPsf] atfP . ;f]xL sf/0f :yfgLo txn] cfkm\gf] clwsf/sf nflu ;+3if{ ug'{k/]sf] pgn] atfP . g]tf g]kfnn] sfe|]sf] ag]kfdf ljdfg:yn lgdf{0fsf] rrf{af/] xrjfsf cfwf/df geO{ ljdfg:yn lgdf{0fkl5 To;af6 lng;Sg] kmfObfsf] cWoog u/]/dfq} sfd cufl8 a9fpg'kg]{ atfP .

sfe|]nfO{ k|b]zsf] /fhwfgL agfpg] ljifodf ;f+;bx?, kf6L{sf g]tf tyf ;/f]sf/jfnfaLr ax; rnfpg'kg]{ atfP . pgn] sfe|]sf]kfFrvfn tftf]kfgL gfsf;Fu l;wf hf]l8Psf] tyf cGo ljleGg lhNnfsf] s]Gb|;d]t aGg;Sg] ePsfn] ;f]xL cg';f/ kfFrfvfn If]qsf] ljsf; ug'{kg]{ atfP . sfo{qmddf g]tf g]kfnn] lhNnf d} klxnf]k6s d08g b]pk'/ gu/kflnsfn] ;'? u/]sf] gu/a; ;]jfsf] z'ef/De u/]sf lyP . gu/kflnsfsf] cu|;/tfdf ;'? ePsf] gu/a; ;]jfdf xfn ^ j6f a; ;~rfngdf NofOPsf] 5 eg] rfF8} !% j6f;Dd k'¥ofpg] atfOPsf] 5 . of] ;]jf s'Gtfa];Laf6 gofFufpF x'Fb} gu/sf]6, gu/sf]6af6 b]pk'/ x'Fb} s'Gtfa];L tyf s'|Gtfa];Laf6 sf]nfrf}/ tyf %) lsnf] x'Fb} bf]nfn3f6;Dd ;~rfng x'g]5 . oxfF x]nDa' oftfoft ;]jf ;ldltn] a; ;]jf ;~rfng u/]sf] xf] . sfo{qmddf g]skf k|b]z g+j/ # sf ;xOGrfh{ lxtdfg tfdfª, k'j{ ;ef;båo s[i0fk|;fb ;fksf]6f tyf lab'/ ;fksf]6f, k|b]z ;f+;bx? nId0f nD;fn / a;'Gw/f x'dfufO{+, lhNnf ;dGjo ;ldlt sfe|]sf k|d'v p4j s];L, d08gb]pk'/ gu/kflnsfsf k|d'v 6f]sjxfb'/ jfOjf, pkk|d'v lgd{nf zfxL, /fhgLlts bnsf k|ltlglw nufotn] gu/a; ;]jf ;'? eP kl5sf] kmfObfsf ljifodf af]ns ] f lyP .

gdf]a4' gu/kflnsf

;'rgf k|ljlw clws[tsf] ;]jf s/f/df lng] ;DaGwL ;"rgf -k|sflzt ldlt M @)&%÷)&÷)^_ :yfgLo zf;g tyf ;fd'bflos ljsf; sfo{qmd (LGCDP) cGt/ut o; sfof{nodf ! -Ps_ hgf ;"rgf k|ljlw clws[t (IT Officer) ;]jf s/f/df lng'kg]{ ePsf]n] of]Uotf k'u]sf g]kfnL gful/sx?af6 of] ;"rgf k|sflzt ePsf] ldltn] !% lbg leq o; sfof{nodf b/vf:t k]z cfXjfg ul/G5 . tklzn != kb M ;"rgf k|ljlw clws[t (IT Officer) @= ;+Vof M ! -Ps_ #= of]Uotf M nf]s ;]jf cfof]un] lng] æsDKo'6/ clws[tÆ kbsf] Go'gtd of]Uotf jf dfGotf k|fKt lzIf0f ;+:yf Computer jf Information and Communication Technologies jf ;f] ;/xsf] ljifox? dWo] s'g} Ps ljifo lnO{ :gfts (BIT, BIM, BBIS, BCA, BCIS, BEIT, Bsc.IT, Bsc.CSIT) u/]sf] pkflw k|fKt u/]sf] . $= cfjZos sfuhft M JolQmut ljj/0f, g]kfnL gful/stf k|df0f kqsf] k|ltlnkL, z}lIfs of]Uotf k|df0f kqsf] k|ltlnkL -g]kfn aflx/sf] k|df0f kq eP g]kfnsf] ljZj ljBfnoaf6 ;dsIftf lgwf{/0f ul/Psf] k|df0f_, sfo{ cg'ej eP ;f]sf] k|df0fkqsf] k|ltlnkL . %= sfo{ ljj/0f (TOR) M :yfgLo zf;g tyf ;fd'bflos ljsf; sfo{qmdsf] j]j;fO6 www.lgcdp.gov.np sf] u[xk[i7df pNn]v ePsf] ;"rgf adf]lhd x'g] . ^= cfj]bg b:t'/ M ?= !,))).)) dfq &= pd]/ M @! jif{ k'/f eO{ $) jif{ ggf3]sf] . *= cGo hfgsf/Lsf] nflu o; gu/kflnsfsf] sfof{no jf )!!–$)$)#! df ;Dks{ /fVg' ;Sg'xg' 5 ] .

@)&%÷)&^

gu/ sfo{kflnsfsf] sfof{no

;j–OlGhlgo/ ;]jf s/f/df lng] ;DaGwL ;"rgf -k|sflzt ldlt M @)&%÷)&÷)^_

o; gdf]a'4 gu/kflnsfsf] nflu lgDg adf]lhdsf] kbdf v'Nnf k|ltof]lutfsf] dfWodaf6 @)&^ c;f/ d;fGt ;Ddsf] nflu s/f/df lgo'lQm ug'{kg]{ ePsf]n] OR5's g]kfnL gful/saf6 b/vf:t k]z ug{ of] ;"rgf k|sfzg ul/Psf] 5 . tklzn != kb M ;j–OlGhlgo/ @= ;+Vof M # -tLg_ #= k/LIffsf] lsl;d M lnlvt / df}lvs $= k/LIff b:t'/ M ?= $)) -rf/ ;o ?k}of_ %= of]Uotf M !* jif{ k"/f eO{ #% jif{ ggf3]sf] dfGotf k|fKt z}lIfs ;+:yfaf6 l;len OlGhlgol/Ëdf l8Knf]df pQL0f{ jf ;f] ;/x, g]kfnL gful/s x'gk' g]{ . ^= cfjZos sfuhft M JolQmut ljj/0f, g]kfnL gful/stf k|df0f kqsf] k|ltlnkL, z}lIfs of]Uotf k|df0fkqsf] k|ltlnkL, sfo{ cg'ej eP ;f]sf] k|df0fkqsf] k|ltlnkL . &= k/LIffsf] lsl;d M lnlvt, cGt/jftf{ *= cGo M cg'ejL, gdf]a4' gu/kflnsfsf] :yfoL afl;Gbf / df]6/;fO{sn rnfpg hfGg]nfO{ ljz]if k|fyldstf lbO{g] 5 . (= cGo hfgsf/Lsf] nflu o; gu/kflnsfsf] sfof{no jf )!!–$)$)#! df ;Dks{ /fVg' ;Sg'xg' 5 ] .

z'esfdgf lahof bzdL, z'e bLkfjnL, 57kj{ @)&% tyf g]kfn ;+jtsf] ;'vb cj;/df ;d:t u|fxs ju{df ;'v, zflGt ;d[l4, ;':jf:Yo bL3f{os " f] xflb{s d+undo z'esfdgf JoQm ub{5f}+ .

*

r]i6f ;fKtflxs

jif{ @$ c+s %! @)&% sflt{s * ut] ljxLjf/

z'esfdgf÷lrofkfg sfo{qmd >Lv08k/' oj'f ;dx'sf] ;Ddfg sfoq{md

>Lv08k/'÷>Lv08k/' oj'f ;dx'sf] ;Ddfg tyf ze'sfdgf cfbfg kb|fg sfoq{md wl'nvn] gu/kflnsfsf gu/ kd|v ' czfs ] Aof~hs ' f] kd|v ' cfltYotfdf ;DkGg ePsf] 5 . cWoIf ej;fu/ /l~htsf] cWoIftfdf ;DkGg sfoq{mddf wl'nvn] gu/kflnsf j8f gDj/ $ sf cWoIf /ljGb| sdfr { fo,{ j8f gDj/ % sf cWoIf uu+f;fu/ /l~ht, sfe]| ki'k Aoj;foL ;3 + sf cWoIf lj/G]b| >i]7, lzIff;j]L ufl]jGbnfn kw|fgfË, gk]fnL sfu+;]|sf gt]f dxz ] kf8}o\fn nufotn] dGtAo /fvs ] f lyP . pkfWoIf ho/fd >i]7sf] :jfut dGtAo /xs ] f] sfoq{mddf gu/ kd|v ' , pkkd|v ' , j8fsf hgkl|tlglwx?, ki'k Aoj;foL ;3 + sf cWoIf lj/G]b| >i]7nfO{ ;Ddfg ul/Psf] lyof] . oj'f ;dx'n] 6fn] / j8fdf ljleGg sfoq{md cfofh]gf ub}{ cfPsf] 5 . sfoq{mddf ri]6f ;fKtflxssf al/i7 sfofn{o ;xfos nId0f ltdlN;gf nufotn] dGtAo /fvs ] f lyP .

lgdf0{f Aoj;foLx?sf] dq}Lk0"f{ km6';n ag]kf÷lgdf{0f Aoj;foL ;+3 sfe|]n] ljhof bzdL tyf z'e lbkfjnLsf] cj;/ kf/L kqsf/x?;Fu km'6;n tyf z'esfdgf cfbfg k|bfg sfo{qmd cfof]hgf u/]sf] 5 . cWoIf pk]Gb| l3l;Ën] kqsf/ / lgdf{0f Aoj;foLx? aLr k|uf9 ;DjGw agfpg] pb]Zon] pQm sfo{qmdsf] cfof]hgf ul/Psf] atfP . sfo{qmddf dxfef/t ufpFkflnsf cWoIf sfG5fnfn lhDafn] lgdf{0f If]qnfO{ alnof] agfpg kqsf/x?;Fusf] ;fem]bf/L cfjZos /x]sf] atfPsf lyP . sfo{qmddf g]kfn kqsf/ dxf;+3 sfe|] zfvfsf cWoIf df]tL/fd ltdlN;gf, lgdf{0f Aoj;foL ;+3 eQmk'/sf cWoIf, k|b]z # sf ;b:o /fhs'df/ a'9fyf]sL, ljqmd rf}nfufO{ nufotn] dGtAo /fv]sf lyP . d}qLk"0f{ km'6;n k|ltof]lutfdf Aoj;foL / kqsf/x?sf] ;lqmo ;xeflutf /x]sf] lyof] .

dfgj clwsf/ ;+u7gsf] lrofkfg ag]kf÷g]kfn dfgj clwsf/ ;+u7g lhNnf ;ldlt sfe|]n] ljhof bzdLsf] cj;/ kf/L z'esfdgf cfbfg k|bfg u/]sf] 5 . ;efklt ;'/]z ;}h'sf] cWoIftfdf ;DkGg sfo{qmddf ljleGg If]qsf AolQmx?sf] ;xeflutf /x]sf] lyof] . g]kfn kqsf/ dxf;+3 sfe|] zfvfsf cWoIf df]tL/fd ltdlN;gf, OG;]s k|ltlglw ef]h/fh ltdlN;gf, ljleGg /fhgLlts bn tyf ;fdflhs ;+3 ;+:yfsf k|ltlglwx?sf] ;xeflutf /x]sf] lyof] . anfTsf/ d'Qm ;dfh lgdf{0fsf nflu dfgjclwsf/ ;+u7g s[oflzn x'g' kg{] atfpFb} ;xeflux?n] hgtfsf] clwsf/sf nflu ;lqmo x'g cg'/f]w u/]sf lyP .

;Dj[l4sf] bzf}+ ;ef ;DkGg agk]f÷>L ;Dj4[L art tyf ;xsf/L bzf} aflifs { ;fwf/0f ;ef kb|z ] ;ef ;f;+b a;G'w/f xd'fufOs { f] kd|v ' cfltYotfdf ;DkGg ePsf] 5 . cWoIf ;fw/'fd bfxfnsf] cWoIftfdf ;DkGg sfoq{mddf ;xsf/Ln] u/s ] f ljljw ultljlwsf af/d]f hfgsf/L u/fOP{sf] lyof] . ;efdf ;lrj ki'k/fh sfO]/{fnfn] aflifs { kl|tjb]g k:|tt' u/s ] f lyP . ;:+yfn] cflys { jifs { f] cGTodf zo]/ khF'L ! s/f8] $) nfv %& xhf/ /xs ] f] 5 eg] lgIfk] ;s + ng ( s/f8] #! nfv #! xhf/ /xs ] f] 5 . shf{ nufgL ( s/f8] ^@ nfv u/s ] f] 5 . ;efdf dgsfdgf ;fsf;]sf cWoIf afnsi[0f bfxfn, gk]fn kqsf/ dxf;3+ kb|z ] # sf pkfWoIf obg'fy uft}d, ;xsf/LsdL{ ;fu/

skfnL, kgft}L gu/kflnsf j8f gDj/ !@ sf cWoIf OZj/ hu+d nufotn] ;xsf/Ln] k¥'ofPsf] ofu]bfgsf af/d]f rrf{ u/s ] f lyP . ;efdf nv]f ;ldltsf ;o+fh]s k0'fn{fn /l~htn] kl|tjb]g k:|tt' u/s ] f lyP . ;xsf/Lsf] aGb ;qn] k'gM ;fw'/fd bfxfnsf] cWoIftfdf gofF ;ldlt u7g u/]sf] 5 . h;sf] pkfWoIfdf lji0f'k|;fb bfxfn, ;lrj k'ik/fh sf]O/fnf, sf]iffWoIf /]jtLk|;fb bfxfn / ;b:ox?df c~h' Gof}kfg] sf]O/fnf, u0f]zk|;fb bfxfn, OR5f/fd bfxfn, ;'ldtf yfkf / l;tfb]jL k/fh'nL /x]sf 5g\ eg] n]vf tyf ;'kl/j]If0f ;ldltsf] ;+of]hsdf Zofds'df/ bfxfn tyf ;b:ox? pQ/s'df/ clwsf/L / /fdrGb| sf]O/fnf /x]sf 5g\ .

efjk"0f{ >4f~hnL hGd !(*&.@.@&

ag]kf gu/kflnsfsf] z'esfdgf cfbfg k|bfg ag]kf÷ag]kf gu/kflnsfn] ljhof bzdLsf] cj;/ kf/L hgk|ltlglw, sd{rf/L / ;/f]sf/jfnf ;+3 ;+:yfx?sf] ;xeflutfdf z'esfdgf cfbfg k|bfg u/]sf] 5 . gu/ k|d'v nIdL g/l;+ afb]sf] cWoIftfdf ;DkGg sfo{qmddf gu/ k|d'v afb], pkk|d'v /]vf ;fksf]6f bfxfn, k|d'v k|zf;lso clws[t ef]h/fh l3dL/], sfe|] pBf]u afl0fHo ;+3sf cWoIf k|sfz dfgGw/, gu/sf k|jQmf Zofd;'Gb/ >]i7, j8f cWoIf anf/d clwsf/L, k'j{ gu/ k|d'v 8f= ;'/]Gb|axfb'/ afb], Onfsf k|x/L sfof{no ag]kfsf k|x/L lgl/Ifs lg/~hg e§/fO{, lhNnf 6«flkms k|x/L sfof{no sfe|]sf k|d'v lgz]if rfkfufO{ nufotn] bz} ltxf/ h:tf rf8kj{sf] dxTj, ;'/Iff / ;Eo ?kdf dgfpg z'esfdgf lbPsf lyP . sfo{qmd h'h'efO{ ;'4fsf/n] ;+rfng u/]sf lyP .

>Lv08k'/sf] a]s'nf“ dfu{df z'esfdgf cfbfg k|bfg >Lv08k'/÷a]s'nfF dfu{ 6f]n ljsf; ;+:yf w'lnv]n ( >Lv08k'/sf] lahofbzdL tyf z'e lbkfjnLsf] cj;/df z'esfdgf cfbfg k|bfg sfo{qmd k|b]z ;ef ;b:o nId0f nD;fnsf] k|d'v cfltYotf tyf w'lnv]n gu/kflnsf k|d'v czf]s Aof~h'sf] ljz]if cfltYotfdf ;DkGg ePsf] 5 . cWoIf e'jg >]i7sf] cWoIftfdf ;DkGg sfo{qmddf :jfut dGtAo /f]hg tfdfªn] /fv]sf lyP . sfo{qmddf w'lnv]n gu/kflnsf j8f gDj/ $ sf cWoIf /ljGb| sdf{rfo{, j8f gDj/ % sf cWoIf u+uf;fu/ /l~ht, sfe|] k'ik Aoj;foL ;+3sf cWoIf lj/]Gb| >]i7, lzIff;]jL uf]ljGbnfn k|wfgfË, >Lv08k'/ rf8kj{ Aoj:yfkg ;ldltsf cWoIf xl/uf]kfn k|wfgfË, ;dfh;]jL k"0f{axfb'/ sdf{rfo{ nufotn] dGtAo /fv]sf lyP . w'lnv]nsf] >Lv08k'/sf] k'/fgf] Oltxf;, ljsf; tyf cGo If]qdf ;xsfo{ ug{ ;xeflux?n] k|ltj4tf AoQm u/]sf lyP .

kf]N6«L ljz]if 8f= u0f]z aGhf/f

s'v'/fdf SoflN;odsf] sdL SoflN;od / kmf]:kmf]/; b'j}n] z/L/sf x8\8L ljsfzsf] nflu dxTjk"0f{ e'ldsf v]Nb5g . o;sf] ;fy}SoflN;odn] :gfo' k|0ffnL, /ut Ifo ePsf] 7fFpaf6 /ut /f]Sg / df+;k]zL ;+s'rgdf dxTjk"0f{ sfd ub{5g . SoflN;od / kmf]:kmf]/; x8\8Ldf hDdf eO{{ zf/Ll/s zlQm k|bfg u5{g . z/L/df kf]if0f tTjsf] sdL ePsf] a]nf / c08f pTkfbgsf] a]nf x8\8\Ln] g} SoflN;odsf] >f]tsf] ?kdf sfd u5{ . z/L/nfO{ alnof] agfpg] SoflN;odsf] sdL ePsf] v08df cl:ykGh/ k|0ffnLdf c;fwf/0f kl/jt{g cfpF5 . x's{b} u/]sf] rNnfsf] v'§f af+lug' (Rickets) / dfp s'v'/fdf x8\8L sdhf]/ x'g' (Osteoporosis) b]lvG5g\ . v'\§f af+lug' cyf{t Rickets SoflN;od ;+u} le6fldg D3 sf] sdLn] nfU5 eg] Osteoporosis z/L/sf nfdf] x8\8Laf6 lg/Gt/ SoflN;odsf] z/L/df cfjZostf cg';f/ vkt ePdf x8\8Lx?df Kjfn kb{5g / b]Vbf alnof] b]lvPtf klg sdhf]/ x'G5g\ . x'sb{ } u/]sf] rNnfdf SoflN;odsf] sdL ePdf ;fwf/0f rNnfdf klg s]lx kl/jt{g cfO vf]/sf] e'; v|f;] g yfNb5g . x'sb{ f] pd]/df SoflN;odsf] dfqf yf]/} eP k'U5 t/ p;sf] kf]if0fdf SoflN;od / kmf]:kmf]/;sf] cfjZostf ;Gt'lnt ?kdf x'g' kb{5 . s'v/' fn] c08f pKkfbg ;'? u/] kZrft ;fwf/0ftof eGbf $ u'0f a9L SoflN;od s'v'/fsf] z/L/df cfjZostf kb{5 . c08fsf] af]qmf h'g SoflN;od sfjf]{g]6 (Calcium carbonate) af6 aGb5, of] lgdf0f{ x'gsf] nflu klg SoflN;od a9L h?/L kb{5 . c08f sdnf] x'g' / kftnf] x'g} SoflN;od sdLsf nIf0fx? x'g .

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The Selected

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Pp6f cToGt j}ejzfnL kl/jf/ klg If0fe/df s+ufndf kl/0ft u/fO{ lbG5 . csNkgLo cfgGbdf lalt/x]sf] kl/jf/ l5g e/d} ;f]Rg} g;lsg] ul/ l5Gg leGg kfl/lbG5 . dfgj hLjgdf 36\g] o:tf 36gfx?nfO{ O{Zj/sf] lnnf eGg s;}n] ?rfpF5g\ t s;}n] sd{sf] bf]if lbG5g\ . log} k[i7e"lddf afFlwP/ ;]gf / /fHokIf clg 3/ kl/jf/ leq l;dfGs[t eP/ @)^! ;fn df3 ! ut]sf] d]/f] 36gfqmdtkm{ lrq0f ug{ uO/x]s]f 5' . aGbL cj:yfdf l;lh{t l;h{gfx? ;dosf] ;b'kof]u / PsfGtjf;sf] kl/0ffdaf6 klg hlGdg ;S5 . d;Fu l;ldt If]qdf cfˆg} ;f]emf]kgfsf] sf/0f bfn / efts} vflt/ ef}tfl/Fbf ef}tfl/Fb} o:tf] sxfnL nfUbf 36gfqmd ;[hgf ePsf] 5 . If0fe/d} ljgfsf/0f d ul/aL x'g'n] g} d]/f] zlQm gx'Fbf a'64f/f lkl6Psf] 5', d/]t'No ePsf] 5' . lt clj:d/0fLo If0fk|lt d]/f] ;kgfx? rsgfr'/ ePsf] 5 . o:tf ofjt s'/fx? ;Fu} uf8L a]n'sL ^ ah] nfp/] b]p/fnL eGg] :yfgdf k'Ub} lyof] . rf}/df dfcf]jfbL sfo{qmddf k'Ub} ubf{ 8]9 b'O{;o k'ln; cfdL{x?n] 6«snfO{ 3]/f xfNof] . ;]gfsf] 3]/fdf k/] kl5 PsfPs ;a}nfO{ cfFvfdf sfnf] kl§ afFw]/ xfdLx?nfO{ cf]/fNof] . d klg cf]ln{P . dfcf]jfbLx?;Fu xltof/ ePsf]n] ;xh} yfxf eof] oL dfcf]jfbLx?nfO{ sxfF stf nUof] Tof] dnfO{ yfxf ePg . xfdLnfO{ lk6\b} ws]Nb} 8f]]¥ofpFb} rf}/;Dd nUof] . xfdL ePsf] 7fpF;Dd uf8L klg ;]gfn] rnfP/ k'¥ofof] . d}n] hLjgsf] slt lev dfu] d dfcf]jfbL xf]Og . d b'w af]s]/ k'¥ofpg cfpFbf ahf/af6 dfcf]jfbLn] ha{h:tL rfdn nf]8 cgnf]8 ug{ sfdbf/sf] ?kdf NofPsf] xf] eGbf klg kTofPgg . slxn] aGb'ssf] s'Gbfn], slxn] xftn] t slxn] a'6 ;lxtsf] h'Q]nftdf d/0ff;Gg x'g] u/L lk6fO vfO/x]+ . Tof] b[i6f+Gt clxn] klg d;Fu tfhf h:t} 5 / nfU5 klg . lbge/sf] d/0ff;Gg r'6fO{ / lk6fOaf6 d]/f] z/L/ lynlynf] ePsf] lyof] . df3sf] ;do htftt} t'iff/f] / lxpF g} lxpF lyof] . d;Fu h'Qf / xfkm kfOG6 eGbf s]lx lyPg . dfcf]jfbLsf] tyfslyt ceb| qm'/ Jojxf/ ;]gfaf6 d}n] ef]u]sf] 5' . k|ToIf b]v]sf] 5' clg ;'g]sf] 5' . d clxn] klg Tof] /fHosf] gfdsf] aa{/tfk"0f{ lk6fO{ b]lv tl;{g] u/]sf] 5' . d}n] dfcf]jfbLsf] s'/fnfO{ c:jLsf/ ug{ g;Sg' d]/f] e'n lyof] clg afWotf /

ljjztf klg . cfFvf aGb u/]/ cGwelQm tl/sfn] kz'hGo qm'/ Jojxf/ u/]/ xfdLh:tf] ul/vfg] dfly cGofo cTofrf/ ug{' k"0f{ unt lyof] . 6«ssf] dflns / 8«fOe/n] of] s]6f dfcf]jfbL xf]Og rfdn nf]8 cgnf]8 ug{sf] nflu dfq} cfPsf] eg]/ l9kL ubf{ klg ;]gfn] s;}sf] s'/f ;'g]gg . Ps /ft Ps lbge/ a]hf]8;Fu s'6]/ qm'/ oftgf lbO{ ;s]kl5 a]n'sL cfdL{sf] x]lnsK6/ cfof] . s] s'/f eof] ;fFemkv % ah]/ #) ldg]6 leqdf x]lnsK6/df rfdn nf]8 u/]/ ;s]kl5 cfdL{sf] s]lx 7"nf] dfG5]n] d PSn}nfO{ 36gf:ynaf6 3/ hfg :jLs[t lbof] . d hf8f], ef]s, Kof;, s'6fO lk6fOsf] a]xfn cj:yfaf6 3/ hfg ;Sg] cj:yfdf lyOgF . xft v'§f n'un'u sfd]sf] lyof], c;Xo si6 / kL8fdf d lyPF . 7"nf] /0f;+u|fdsf] si6 / oftgf em]Nb} d}n] To; lbg /fHo ;]gfaf6 cw{r]tg cj:yfdf 5'l§ kfPsf] lyPF . h'g 36gf ;Dembf d clxn] klg t;{G5', efjljXjn x'G5' . d afFR5' ls d5{' cem} dnfO{ yfxf lyPg . clxn] klg d]/f] xftv'§f emdemd x'G5 lrdf]6\bf b'Vb}g .

6fpsf] b'V5 . d cw{r]tg cj:yfdf afFRg ljjz 5' . Tof] 36gfkl5 d # dlxgf ynf k/]+ . 3/df >LdtLn] p7fpg], ;'tfpg] cj:yfsf] ;[hgf eof] . d]/f] xfnt uDeL/ aGb} uO{/x]sf] b]v]/ d]/f] cfkm\g} Ps hgf alxgL HjfOFn] sf7df8f}+df lx8 d ;]gfsf] xl:k6ndf pkrf/ u/fpg kxn u5{' eg]/ pxfFsf] dgdf bof dfof nfu]/ sf7df8f}+ n}hfg' eof] . ;]gfn] pkrf/ gug{] eg]kl5 dnfO{ lnP/ d]/f] alxgL HjfOn] kf6g xl:k6ndf k'¥ofO egf{ ug{' eof] . s]lx ;dosf] pkrf/ kl5 s]lx sd eP/ hLjge/ cf}iflw vfg'kg{] 8fS6/sf] ;Nnfx af]s]/ cf}iflwsf] ;fydf 3/ kmls{PF . s:tf] dfgjtf gePsf] ;]gfx? klg x'Fbf /x]5g . h;sf] sf/0f d]/f] cfzfsf] / e/f];fsf] r]tgfx? ;':tfpFb} uPsf] lyof] . d]/f] efjgf rfxgfx? cf]OnfpFb} uPsf] lyof] . Tolx cj:yfdf d cfkm" bL3{/f]uL eP/ ;w} e/ cf}iflw ;]jg ug{'kg{] gfh's cj:yfsf afah"b bfn efts} vf]hLdf ef}tfl/Fb} sfe|]sf] ag]kf cfOk'u]+ . ag]kfsf] xf8{j]o/ k;ndf sfd kfPF . Tot} lt/ h]gt]g u'hf/f ul//x]sf] cj:yfdf s]lx lbg 5'l§ ldnfP/ 3/ uPF . 3/sf] cj:yf a]xfn lyof] 3/ ;/;kmfO{ lyPg . 5f]/f5f]/L :s'n guP/ 3/} al;/x]sf lyP . d]/f] cGt{hftLo ljjfx lyof] . $ j6f 5f]/f5f]/L 5g\ . ;;'/fnL klg glhs} lyof] . h'g lbg d 3/ k'u]+ To; lbg 3/sf] cj:yf gfh's b]v]kl5 d emg} efjs' ag]+ . >LdtL;Fu d]/f] ;fnL klg lyOg\ . d]/L >LdtL /S;L vfFb} a]xfn / a]xf];L cj:yfdf e]§fPF . d >Ldfg ePsf]n] /fd|f];Fu ;DemfpFb} lyPF .

3/sf] cj:yf sdhf]/, etfe'Ë clg gfafns 5f]/f5f]/Lsf] cj:yf ;Dem]/ cfFvfaf6 alnGb|f cfFz' aU5 . dg p/f7 nfU5 . Psflt/ cfkm\gf] :jf:Yo gfh's cj:yf csf{]lt/ 3/ el/ gfjfns 5f]/f5f]/Lsf] sf/0f >LdtL kf]On hfg'n] d cToGt} kL8f dx;'; u/]/ h]n leq afWofTdssf/L hLjg latfpg afWo 5' To;}a]nf d]/L ;fnL s'/f lnP/ pgsf] cfdf sxfF uOl5g\ . Ps}l5g kl5 cfdf / ;fnf] efO{ d]/f] 3/df cfpg' eof] . xftdf afF;sf] ef6f 3/ b]lv g} lnP/ cfpg'ePsf] /x]5 . d al;/x]sf] 7fpFdf cfP/ d]/f] 6fpsf]df ef6fn] k|xf/ u/] . d]/f] 6fpsf] km'6\of] /utsf] wf/fx? z/L/df aUg yfNof] . d 7fpFsf] 7fpF 9n]+ . To;}a]nf ;fnf] s]6fn] d]/f] 3fF6L bafP/ lgrf]g{] qmddf d}n] v'§fn] ws]n]/ k/ k'¥ofPF . To;}a]nf ;f;' cfdfn] lnP/ cfPsf] afF;sf] ef6f pN6} p7fP/ ;fnfnfO{ k|ltsf/ ug{ vf]Hbf ;f;' cfdf cs:dft 5]Sg cfpFbf ;f;' cfdfsf] 6fpsf]df pQm afF;sf] ef6f nfUg uO{ 7fpFsf] 7fpF ;f;' cfdf 9Ng' eof] . d Tof] 36gf kl5 ufpF glhs}sf] k|x/L rf}sLdf k'u]/ 36gfsf] ;a} ljj/0f atfPF . b'O{hgf k|x/L d]/f] 3/tkm{ nfu] eg] @ hgfn] dnfO{ lnP/ d]l8sn lt/ nfu] . d]/f] 6fFsf nufpFbf nufpFb} d]/L ;f;' cfdf klg Tolx NofO{ k'¥ofpg] sfd eof] . ;fdfGo d]l8sn dfq} ePsf]n] To; d]l8snn] ;f;' cfdfsf] pkrf/ oxfF ;Dej 5}g sf7df8f}+ n}hfg ;Nnfx lbP5g . dnfO{ sf7df8f}+ n}hfpF eGb} d]/f] ;fnf / ;fnL eGb} lyP . d k|x/L;Fu hfg'kg{] x'Fbf ufpFsf eb|enfbdLnfO{ sf7df8f}+ k'¥ofP/ pkrf/ ul/lbg';\ eg]/ d k|x/L;Fu k'gM rf}sL cfPF . dnfO{ To; lbg k|x/Ln] lhNnf k|x/L sfof{no l;Gw'kfNrf]s lnP/ uof] . To;} lbg d]/L ;f;' eljtJodf k/]/ laTg' eP5 . dnfO{ k|x/Ln] d'r'Nsf agfof] . ;/sf/L jlsnsf] sfof{no x'Fb} ;Ddflgt lhNnf cbfntdf st{Jo Hofg s;'/ ck/fw P]g cGtu{t d'2f btf{ eof] . k|x/Ls} hfx]/Ldf d dfly d'2f rNg yfNof] . @)&! h]7 @& ut] pQm d2f km};nf eof] . d lj?4sf] km};nfdf st{Jo Hofg ;DalGw dxn cg';f/ @) jif{ s}b ;hfoF ;'gfO{of] . km};nf pk/ ;/sf/L jlsn k'g/fj]bg uP . cbfntdf d'2f btf{ kl5 d]/f] kIfdf @) jif{af6 d'2f 36]/ % jif{ eof] . pQm km};nfn] d}n] /fxt kfPsf] d;x'; u/]+ . d'2f ;jf{]Rr ;Dd hfg'kg{] ePsf]n] d cem} ;jf{]Rrdf d'2f btf{ u/]/ ;jf{]Rrsf] km};nfsf] kIfdf k|ltIff/t 5' . o;} qmddf d h]n leq x'Fb} ubf{ jf a:b} ubf{sf] cj:yfdf slxn] lg:sg] eg]/ cf}+nf efFr]/ dlxgf jif{ uGb} a;]sf] clGtd cj:yfdf d]/L >LdtLsf] a'l4 e|i6 eP/ rf/ j6f 5f]/f 5f]/L 5f]8]/ cnkq agfO{ 3/

Jojxf/ etfe'Ë kf/L wflbË lhNnf e'd]:yfg :yfoL a;f]af; ug{] gful/stf g+= @)^!÷@)^*( /x]sf] uf]kfn axfb'/ tfdfËn] nnfO{ kmsfO{ @ tf]nf ;'g ;lxt gub *) xhf/ ?k}ofF ;d]t lnP/ km/f/ ePsf 5g\ .

3/df >LdtL 5f]/f 5f]/L x'Fbfx'Fb} d]/L >LdtL / wgdfn ;d]t lnP/ uPsfn] oltv]/ d h]n hLjgaf6 cfqmfGt ePsf] 5' . 3/sf] cj:yf sdhf]/, etfe'Ë clg gfafns 5f]/f5f]/Lsf] cj:yf ;Dem]/ cfFvfaf6 alnGw/f cfFz' aU5 . dg p/f7 nfU5 . Psflt/ cfkm\gf] :jf:Yo gfh's cj:yf csf{]lt/ 3/ el/ gfjfns 5f]/f5f]/Lsf] sf/0f >LdtL kf]On hfg'n] d cToGt} kL8f dx;'; u/]/ h]n leq afWofTdssf/L hLjg latfpg afWo 5' . oltv]/ d k|r08 cUgLsf] tfkdf k/]sf] 5' . d]/f] z/L/df lr6l\r6\ kl;gf 5'6]sf] 5 . cw{ d'l5{t ePsf] 5' d . clttsf] w'nf]af6 k'l/Psf] 5' . ljh'nL s/]G6 nfu] h:tf] nflu/x]sf] 5 . d]/f] z/L/ lgis[o ePsf] 5 . d efiffxLg, zlQmxLg ;+rfngxLg / k|ltlqmofxLg eP/ afFlr/x]sf] 5' . d lgln{Kt / JofKt eP/ afFlr/x]sf] 5' . ;+s]txLg / :j/xLg eP/ afFr]sf] 5' . d]/f ljrf/x? st} 3fp eP h:tf] eP/ efFlrPsf] 5 . d]/f] eljio r6Ss r'Fl8P/ ;dfKt x'g nfu]h:tf] 5 . dnfO{ c;Xo kL8f, cf}8fxf, 56\kl§, cefj, efj ljXjn / k|f0fkv]? ljlxg eP/ w]/} vltx? a]xf]b{} afFr]sf] 5' . d]/f] hLjg ;f/f cefjx? rf}tkmL{ ?kdf /ftsf] cFWof/f]df emg\ ljs/fn ?k wf/0f lnP/ afFlr/x]sf] 5 . d]/f] ;kgfx? ;':tfpFb}, x/fpFb} ljnfpFb} uPsf] 5 . ;fdfGo snxn] lgDTofPsf] sfnf] afbnn] kl/jf/ l5Gg leGg ePsf] 5 . afnaflnsfx?sf] ljhf]u ePsf] 5 . x] k|e' ul/js} 3/df dfq} o:t} x'G5 ls < /fhs'df/ vqL

;'gsf];L ufpFkflnsf j8f g+= ! l;Gw'kfNrf]s xfn M w'lnv]n, sfe|]knf~rf]s -of] syf cfh ljxLjf/ a]ns ' f * ah]sf] :yfgLo ;dfrf/kl5 b]j/fh a8fnsf] ;fydf k|fO{d PkmPd !)$=% d]ufxh{df ;'Gg ;Sg'x'g]5 ._

;ftfsf] /flzkmn -@)&% sflt{s *–!$_ ;fKtflxs k~rf· d]if

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*–!@ ut] ;Dd ;ftf z'e /x]sf] x'Fbf dfg ;Ddfg k|flKt, cfsl:ds wgnfe x'g'sf] ;fy;fy} ;fx; / w}o{tf j[l4 x'g]5, clGtd @ lbg eg] cfkmGthg;Fu j}/efj j[l4 xf]nf .

*–( ut] ;ftf gs/fTds /x]s]f x'Fbf rf]6k6ssf] eo /x]sf] 5, afFsLsf lbgdf eg] z/L/df ;'v k|flKt, af]nLsf] k|efj a9\gfn] sfo{df ;kmntf ;fy} bfh'efO{af6 ;'v k|flKt xf]nf .

;ftfsf] dWo !)–!! ut] df6f] wg/fzL vr{sf] tyf zq' j[l4 xf]nfg\, afFsLsf lbgdf wg cfudgsf] gofF gofF af6f] j[l4, pkxf/ cflb j:t' k|flKt tyf ldqaf6 ;'v klg ldNg]5 . dGq M ç qmL+ sfNo} gd M . *–!! ut];Dd xh'/sf] hflu/df ;Ddfg, dgdf k|km'Nntf ;Fu} sfo{df ;kmntf k|flKt xf]nf, ;f]daf/ eg] dgdf lvGgtf af]w xf]nf, !#–!$ ut] rflxF pkfxf/ cflb j:t' k|flKt xf]nf .

l;+x

sGof

t'nf

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*–!@ ut];Dd df+ulns sfo{df ;kmntf, k"/} /fHoaf6 ;'v nfe, a}+s Jofn]G; j[l4 x'g'sf] ;fy} sd{ k|flKt, sfo{df ;kmntf ldNg]5, !# / !$ ut] rflxF rf]6k6ssf] eo /x]sf] x'Fbf ljrf/ k'¥ofpg'xf]nf . dGq M ç b'+ b'uf{o gdM . ;ftfsf] ;'?sf] b'O{ lbg d[To't'No si6 cfOkg{] x'Fbf ljrf/ k'¥ofpg'xf]nf, afFsLsf lbg eg] u'?hgaf6 ;'v k|flKt, lktfsf] ;xof]u k|flKt, cfo j[l4n] ;fy} dgdf k|zGgtf 5fpg]5 . *–( ut];Dd cfo j[l4sf] ;fy} ljk/Lt lnËaf6 ;'v k|flKt xf]nf, !)–!! ut] em'6f cf/f]ksf] ;fy} vr{ j[l4 xf]nf, afFsLsf lbg hflu/df ;Ddfgsf] ;fy} gljg sfo{df ;xeflutf x'g]5 . *–!! ut];Dd zq' efj ldqdf kl/0ft, Jofkf/ Joj;foaf6 nfesf] ;fy} dgdf pT;fx 5fpnf, ;f]daf/ /f]u / zq' j[l4 xf]nf, !# / !$ ut] eg] efUof]bosf] ;do /x]sf] 5 . dGq M ç /fdfo gdM .

wg'

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*–!@ ut];Dd cWoog cWofkgdf ?lr, /f]uaf6 d'lQm, ld7fld7f k|]d jftf{nfe, jfxg ;'vsf] ;fy} cfo j[l4 x'g]5, !# / !$ ut] eg] dfgl;s lrGtf j[l4 x'g'sf] ;fy} vr{ j[l4 x'g]5 . dGq M ç Sn]zlgzfo SnL gd M . * / ( ut];Dd lgb|fdf c;'ljwf x'g'sf] ;fy} hnsf] eo /x]sf] 5, afFsLsf] lbgdf nfdf] ofqfsf] of]u, z/L/df :j:ytf, ljk/Lt lnËaf6 ;'v k|flKtsf] ;fy} Jofkf/df clws nfe x'g]5 . ;ftfsf] dWo !)–!! ut];Dd cfkmGt;Fu j}/efj j[l4, k]6df ljsf/ a9\nf, afFsL lbg cw'/f sfo{x?df ;xh} ;kmntf, ljBfdf ?rL, ;fx; / w}o{tf j[l4 x'g'sf] ;fy} dg k|zGg /xnf . dGq M ç SnL+ sfo{l;4o] SnL gdM .. *–!! ut];Dd cfsl:ds wgnfe, bfh'efO{af6 ;'v k|flKt x'g'sf] ;fy} af]nLsf] k|efj a9\gfn] sfo{ ;kmn /xnf, !@ ut] lrGtfn] ;tfpg]5, !# / !$ ut];Dd nfdf] ofqf x'g]5 . dGq M ç >L+ >L+ ;j{sfdgfo} >L+ >L+ gdM .

cRo"tfgGb Hof]= cfo"j{]lbs cf}ifwfno,ag]kf, kgf}tL/f]8,uf]bfdrf]s, kmf]g g+= )!!^^#$(^

sljtf PSnf] JolQm x}g d PSnf] JolQm x}g d b]zsf] cleJolQm x'F /fi6«jfbsf] z+v3f]if, ug{] Pp6f zlQm x'F jL/ k'vf{x?sf] h:tf] ddf hf]z 5 wL/ of]uLx?sf] h:tf] ulx/f] xf]; 5 xfjf x'/L cfFlwn] xlNng d hflGbgF ;fFrf] b]z eQm x'F af]nLdf pb\3f]if 5 .

PSnf] JolQm x}g d b]zsf] cleJolQm x'F cUgL h:t} tftf] 5', afo' h:t} a]lunf] wtL{ h:t} lw/ 5' ;"o{h:t} t]lhnf] kfgL h:t} z'4 5' ;fx; of] cbDo 5 ah| x'F d j}/LnfO{ 5'g xDd]xDd] 5 PSnf] JolQm x}g d b]zsf] cleJolQm x'F l;h{gf / ;Eotf clg dfgjLotf log} d]/f wd{ x'g\ sd{ d]/f] ;Totf 5ftL d]/} b]zsf] ;F:s[ltsf] tf; xf] d af]n] b]z af]Nb5, of] b]zsf] cfjfh xf] ljs'gf/fo0f tfd|fsf/ wfld{s ;dfh;]jL kgf}tL &, sfe|]

;f/yL ax'p2]ZoLosf] t]>f] ;ef / clwa]zg w' l nv] n ÷;f/yL ax' p 2] Z oLo ;xsf/L ;+:yf lnld6]8sf] t]>f] aflif{s ;fwf/0f ;ef /fli6«o ;xsf/L a}ssf k|jGw ;+rfns s]jL pk|t] Lsf] k|dv ' cfltYotf tyf cWoIf lblnk zdf{sf] cWoIftfdf ;DkGg ePsf] 5 . sfo{qmddf af]Nb} k|dv ' cltyL pk|t] Ln] ul/jL lgjf/0fdf ;xsf/Ln] lgefPsf] e"ldsf ;Xflgo ePsf] atfpFb} :yfgLo ;/sf/ / ;xsf/L ljrsf] ;xsfo{ clgjfo{ ePsf] hfgsf/L u/fP . :yfgLo ;/sf/x?sf] nIo / ;xsf/Lsf] pb]Zo w]/} xb;Dd ldNg] ePsfn] ;xsfo{ cfjZos /x]sf] atfP . sfo{qmddf lhNnf ;xsf/L ;+3sf cWoIf ljgf]b k/fh'nL, g]kfn kqsf/ dxf;3+ sfe|] zfvfsf cWoIf df]lt/fd ltdlN;gf, ag]kf gu/kflnsf j8f gDj/ % sf cWoIf an/fd clwsf/L, ax'p2]ZoLo ;xsf/L ;+3sf lhNnf ;lrj of]u/fh bfxfn, lhNnf ;xsf/L ;+3sf ;+rfns 7fs'/gfy clwsf/L, lxdfn t/fO{ oftfoft ;]jf ;ldltsf cWoIf cfTd/fd yfkf, ljleGg ;xsf/Lsf cWoIf tyf k|ltlglwx?sf] ;xeflutf /x]sf] lyof] . ; l r j k|Nxfb Kofs'/n] sf] aflif{s k|ltj]bg /x]sf] ;efdf sf]iffWoIf k'?iff]td zdf{ / n]vf ;+of]hs u0f]z /f]sfo nufotn] k|ltj]bg k|:t't u/]sf lyP . pkfWoIf ;'/z ] dfgGw/sf] :jfut dGtAo / ljb'/ uf}tdsf] ;+rfng /x]sf] ;efdf ;+:yfn] ! xhf/ &$ ;b:o dfkm{t ^% nfv %@ xhf/ z]o/ k'hF L ;+sng u/]sf] 5 . ! s/f]8 &( nfv () xhf/ lgIf]k ;+sng u/]sf] ;xsf/Ln] @ s/f]8 *^ xhf/ C0f nufgL u/]sf] 5 . ;xsf/Ln] n3' pBd dfkm{t z]o/ ;b:ox?nfO{ pBd agfpg, ax'p2]ZoLo dfkm{t Aoj;fo / Aoj;fo dfkm{t ;Dj[4 agfpg lg/Gt/ nflu/x]sf] cWoIf lblnk zdf{n] atfP . ;xsf/Lsf] aGb ;qn] lblnk zdf{sf] cWoIftfdf gofF ;ldlt rog u/]sf] 5 . h;sf] pkfWoIfdf ;'/z ] dfgGw/, ;lrj k|Nxfb Kofs'/n] , sf]iffWoIf k'?iff]Qd zdf{ tyf ;b:ox?df ljb'/ uf}td, ofbj sf]O/fnf, /f]zgL pkfWofo, /~h' g]kfn / kljqf ;fksf]6f /x]sf 5g\ . To;}u/L n]vf tyf ;'kl/j]If0f ;ldltsf] ;+of]hsdf u0f]z /f]sfof ;b:ox?df ljho >]i7 / ;Gtf]if ahufO /x]sf 5g\ . ;efdf pTs[i6 C0fL, pTs[i6 arstf{, afn artstf{, ;Nnfxsf/x?nfO{ ;Ddfg ul/Psf] lyof] . P;O{O{ pTs[i6 z]o/ ;b:osf 5f]/f5f]/LnfO{ klg ;Ddfg ul/Psf] lyof] .

lSjh M @^* ;l/tf ;fksf]6f

!_ If]qkmnsf lx;fan] ;a}eGbf 7"nf] c~rn s0ff{nL xf] eg] ;a}eGbf ;fgf] c~rn s'g xf] < @_ u?8f gu/kflnsf /f}tx6df k5{ eg] if8fgGb gu/kflnsf sxfF kb{5 < #_ lghL If]qaf6 pTkflbt g]kfnsf] klxnf] hnljB't cfof]hgfsf] gfd s] xf] < $_ s'g} kbfy{, k|lqmof jf ;]jfsf] ;DaGwdf u'0f:t/ lgwf{/0f ug]{ / To:tf] kbfy{df k|df0f lrGxsf] k|of]usf] Joj:yf ug{ ul7t g]kfn u'0f:t/ kl/ifb\sf] cWoIf sf] x'g] Joj:yf 5 < %_ Ct' ljrf/ gfds k|l;4 s[ltsf /rgfsf/sf] gfd eGg';\ < ^_ blwrL dGgfn] bfgL Pj+ TofuL a'lemG5 eg] elu/y eGgfn] s] a'lemG5 < &_ Brain Drain eGgfn] s] a'lemG5 < *_ g]kfndf w]/} gfkmf sdfpg ;kmn ;+:yfg s'g xf] < (_ /fli6«o hgu0fgf @)^* cg';f/ g]kfnsf] hg;+Vof a[l4b/ slt /x]sf] 5 < !)_ utfÍ k|sflzt r]i6f ;fKtflxsdf ;Dkfblso s'g ljifodf n]lvPsf] 5 <

k|fof]hs ljBf;fu/ af]l8{· :s'n ag]kf, sfe|]

r]i6f ;fKtflxs

ag]kf–!), sfe|], )!!–^^@$($ Od]nM cheshtaweekly@yahoo.com j]jM cheshtaweekly.com.np

lSjhdf ;f]lwPsf k|Zgx?sf] ;lx hjfkm sfof{nosf] 6]lnkmf]g )!!–^^@$($ tyf x'nfs tyf Od]n dfkm{t k7fpg]]x? dWo]af6 k|To]s xKtfsf] PshgfnfO{ uf]nfk|yfåf/f ljh]tf 3f]if0ff ul/g]5 . ljh]tfsf] gfd dlxgfsf] klxnf] xKtf ljlxaf/ k|sfzg / k|fOd PkmPdaf6 k|;f/0f x'g] ljxfgsf] z'ek|eft sfo{qmddf k|;f/0f ul/g]5 . ljh]tfx?nfO{ r]i6f ;fKtflxssf] tkm{af6 cfs{ifs pkxf/ k|bfg ul/g]5 . ljh]tfx?n] k'/:sf/sf] nflu r]i6f ;fKtflxssf] sfof{nodf ;Dks{ /fVg'kg{]5 .

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r]i6f ;fKtflxs

lznaGbL sf]6z ] g cfx\jfg;DaGwL ;"rgf -k|yd k6s k|sflzt ldlt M @)&%.)&.)*_

o; a'8f]n ;fd'bflos art tyf C0f ;xsf/L ;+:yf ln= sf] nflu b]xfo adf]lhdsf ;DklQ ;fdfgx? v/Lb ug'{kg]{ ePsf] x'bF f O{R5's kmd{ tyf cfk"lt{stf{x¿nfO{ of] ;"rgf k|yd k6s k|sflzt ePsf] ldltn] !)-bz_ lbgleq Eof6;lxtsf] b/efp ;lxt lznaGbL sf]6]zg k]z ug'{x'g of] ;"rgf k|sflzt ul/Psf] 5 .

cfjZos ;fdfgsf] ljj/0fM

jif{ @$ c+s %! @)&% sflt{s * ut] ljxLjf/

s] tkfO{ cfˆgf] wf/f af]l/Ë, jf Ogf/sf] kfgLdf xflgsf/s lhjf0f', cfO/g, uGw / wldnf]kgfsf] sf/0fn] ljleGg ;d:ofx? ef]lu/xg' ePsf] t 5}g < pQm ;d:ofx?sf] k|efjsf/L ;dfwfg– 3/ 3/df afof]:of08 lkmN6/ h8fg sfe|]knfGrf]s lhNnfdf klxnf] k6s Sofg]l8og k|ljlwdf cfwfl/t afof]:of08 lkmN6/ cfkm' / cfˆgf] kl/jf/sf] :j:y hLjgsf] nflu ;w}+ ;r]t /xf}+, cfˆgf] 3/ tyf sfof{nodf cfh}b]lv ;'/lIft kfgLsf] ;'lglZrt u/f}+ .

!) jif{sf] jf/]G6Lsf] ;fydf, cToGt} k|efjsf/L, ;lhnf], ;:tf] / cfsif{s kfgL z'l4s/0f ug]{ lkmN6/ -s_ lznaGbL sf]6]zg cfx\jfg ;DaGwL yk hfgsf/LM !_ lznaGbL sf]6]zgsf] ;fydf clgjfo{ ?kdf btf{ k|df0fkq, gjLs/0f / s/ r'Qmfsf] k|df0fkqsf] k|ltlnlk ;+nUg x'g'kg]{5 . @_ k|fKt sf]6]zgx¿dWo] s'g} klg b//]6 ahf/ b/ cg';f/ kg{ gcfPdf /4 u/L k'gM k|lqmof cuf8L a9fpg] clwsf/ ;+:yfdf lglxt /xg]5 . #_ b/efpdf Eof6 tyf s/ clgjfo{ ;dfj]z ul/Psf] x'g'kg]{5 . :jLs[t b//]6df lgodfg';f/sf] s/s§L u/L e'QmfgL lbOg]5 . $_ ;+:yfdf o;cl3 g} ;"rLs[t ePsf kmd{ tyf cfk"lt{stf{ jfx]ssf xsdf pNn]lvt ljifox¿ pNn]v gu/L Pj+ sfuhft ;+nUg gu/L jf Dofb gf3L k]z x'gcfPsf sf]6]zgpk/ s'g} sf/jfxL cuf8L a9fOg] 5}g . %_ sf]6]zg ldlt @)&% ;fn sflQs !( ut]sf lbg lbpF;f] @M)) ah] ;+:yfsf] d'Vo sfof{nodf ;DalGwt kmd{ tyf cfk"lt{stf{x¿sf] /f]xj/df vf]lng]5 . t/ tf]lsPsf] ;dodf ;DalGwt kmd{ tyf cfk"lt{stf{x¿ jf lghn] tf]sL k7fOPsf k|ltlglwx¿ pkl:yt gePdf klg lznaGbL sf]6]zg vf]Ng s'g} afwf x'g] 5}g . ^_ pk/f]Qm ;fdfgx¿sf] ljlzi6Ls/0f (Specification) sf] nflu ;+:yfsf] d'Vo sfof{nodf ;Dks{ /fVg'xg' cg'/f]w 5 .

tkfO{sf] cfjZostf cg';f/ ;fgf] -@$ ln6/ k|lt 306f_ / 7"nf] -@)) ln6/ k|lt 306f_ cfsf/sf] afof]:of08 lkmN6/sf] af/]df yk hfgsf/Lsf ;fy} lkmN6/ h8fgsf] nflu tnsf] gDa/df t'?Gt} ;Dks{ ug'{xf]nf .

v'zL afof]:of08 lkmN6/ pBf]u (*^($!$#%%

;+of]hs ;DklQ ;fdfg v/LblaqmL

ag]kf g=kf=^, a'8f]n, sfe]k| nf~rf]s kmf]g g+= )!!–^^)%^$, )!!–^^@#^$, )!!–^^))^$, Email: info@busa.org.np, Url: www.busa.org.np

ag]kf gu/kflnsf gu/ sfo{kflnsfsf] sfof{nosf]

laqmL tyf ;8s :t/f]GgtL z'Ns p7fpg] ;DaGwL af]nkq cfx\jfgsf] ;"rgf -k|yd k6s k|sflzt ldlt @)&%.^.@(_ # g+= k|bz ] ;/sf/sf] cfly{s P]g @)&% tyf ag]kf gu/kflnsfsf] cfly{s P]g @)&% / gu/ sfo{kflnsfsf] ldlt @)&%.^.@% sf] lg0f{ofg';f/ ag]kf gu/kflnsf j8f g+= !$ -;fljs gfl;sf:yfg ;fFuf uf=lj=;=j8f g+= *_ cGtu{tsf] cfzfk'/L /f]8f 9'•f ;Knfo;{ k|f=ln= sf] :jLs[t vfgL If]qaf6 pTkfbg x'g] vfgLhGo kbfy{sf] ljqmL z'Ns tyf pQm vfgLaf6 vfgL hGo kbfy{ 9'jfgL ug{] ;jf/L ;fwgdf ;8s :t/f]GgtL z'Ns nufO{ cfly{s jif{ @)&%.)&^ sf] afFsL cjlw e/sf] nflu c;'n pk/ ug'k{ g{] ePsf]n] of]Uo OR5's g]kfnL gful/s jf btf{jfn sDkgL jf kmd{n] b]xfosf zt{x?sf clwgdf /xL lznaGbL af]nkq btf{ug{xg' of] ;"rgf k|sflzt ul/Psf] 5 . zt{x?M– != af]nkq kmf/d ag]kf gu/kflnsfsf] /fh:j zfvfaf6 ?= #,))). -kl5 lkmtf{ gx'g]_ lt/L k|fKt ug{ ;lsg] 5 . @= of] ;"rgf k|yd k6s k|sflzt ePsf ldltn] tL;f}+} lbg sfof{no ;do ;Dddf af]nkq kmf/d vl/b ug{ / PstL;f}+ lbg lbgsf] @M)) ah] leqdf ag]kf gu/ sfo{kflnsfsf] sfof{nodf btf{ u/fpg ;lsg] 5 . ;fy} btf{ ePsf af]nkqx? ;f]xL lbg lbgsf] @M!% ah] o; sfof{nodf vf]lng] 5 . #=af]nkq k|:t'tstf{n] ;+:yf btf{ tyf gljs/0fsf] k|df0f kq, d"No clej[l4s/ btf{ k|df0f kq / @)&$.)&% ;Ddsf] s/ r'Stf k|df0f kq k]z u/]sf] x'g'kg{] 5 . $= af]nkq vl/b ug{], bflvnf ug{] / vf]Ng] lbg ljbf k/]df qmdzM ;f] sf] ef]lnkN6 x'g]5 . %= af]nkq vf]Ng] ;dodf af]nkq bftf jf lghsf] k|ltlglw cg'kl:yt /x] klg s'g} afwf kg{] 5}g . ^= af]nkqbftfn] cfkm'n] saf]n u/]sf] jflif{s /sd c+s / cIf/df :ki6 ?kdf n]lvPsf] x'g'kg{]5 . c+s / cIf/df km/s k/]df cIf/df n]lvPsf] c+snfO{ dfGotf lbOg] 5 . &= af]nkq bftfn] cfkm'n] saf]n u/]sf] s'n /sdn] x'g cfpg] /sdsf] kfFr k|ltztn] x'g cfpg] /sd o; sfof{nosf] g]kfn a}s + ln= ag]kf zfvfdf /x]sf] w/f}6L lx;fa g+=)!%)#))))))))#)))))& df hDdf u/]sf] ;Ssn} ef}r/ w/f}6Lsf ?kdf af]nkq ;fy ;+nUg u/]sf] x'g'kg{] 5 . *= :jLs[t af]nkqbftf 7]s]bf/n] s'n saf]n c+s ;+emf}tf ug'{k"j{ hDdf u/]df kfFr k|ltztn] x'g cfpg] /sd 5'6 lbOg] 5 . t/ To;/L clu|d hDdf gu/]df cfkm'n] saf]n u/]sf] s'n /sd a9Ldf tLg ls:tfdf a'emfpg' kg{]5 . o;/L ls:tf a'emfpFbf klxnf] ls:tf ;+emf}tf ug'{k"j{ a'emfPsf] x'g'kg{] 5 eg] bf];|f] / t];|f] ls:tf cl3Nnf] ls:tfsf] Dofb e'Qmfg x'g'eGbf ;ft lbg cufj} a'emfPsf] x'g'kg{] 5 . (= zt{ g+ * adf]lhd s'n saf]n c+s clu|d bflvnf gu/]df :jLs[t af]nkqbftfn] cfkm'n] saf]n u/]sf] s'n jflif{s /sdsf] ;t;¶L k|ltztn] x'g cfpg] /sd a/fa/sf] g]kfn ;/sf/af6 dfGotf k|fKt a}+saf6 ldlt @)&^ ;fn ;fpg !% ut] ;Ddsf nflu o; sfof{nosf kIfdf hf/L ePsf] sfo{ ;Dkfbg hdfgLkq -a}+s Uof/]06L_ k]z ePkl5 dfq ;+emf}tf x'g]5 . !)= :jLs[t af]nkqbftf nfO{ ;+emf}tfsf nflu lbPsf] Dofb leq pkl:yt eO{ ;+emf}tf gu/]df /flvPsf] w/f}6L hkmt x'g]5 . !!= af]nkqbftfn] ljqmL z'Ns / ;8s :t/f]GgtL z'Ns 5'§f5'§} pNn]v u/]sf] x'g'kg{] 5 . saf]n c+s d"Nof°g ubf{ pNn]lvt b'a} z'Ns hf]8]/ ul/g] 5 !@= :jLs[t af]nkqbftfn] /fv]sf] w/f}6L ;+emf}tf cjlw e/sf nflu w/f}6Ls} ?kdf /xg] 5 . !#= 7]Ssf aGbf]a:t eP u/]sf sf/0f k|rlnt sfg"g adf]lhd ltg'{a'emfpg' kg{] s/ b:t'/ :jLs[t af]nkqbftf 7]s]bf/n] a'emfpg' kg{]5 . !$= :jLs[t b//]6 eGbf a9L z'Ns nufO{ c;'n ug{ kfOg] 5}g . !%= :jLs[t af]nkqbftf 7]s]bf/n] s'g} klg lsl;dsf] kl/l:ylt b]vfO{ 7]s /sd ldgfxfsf nflu lbOg] lgj]bg o; sfof{nonfO{ :jLsfo{ x'g]5}g . !^= tf]lsP adf]lhdsf] z'Ns p7fpg] bfloTj :jLs[t af]nkqbftf 7]s]bf/sf] x'g]5 . To;df o; sfof{nosf] s'g} lhDd]jf/L /xg] 5}g . !&= g]kfn ;/sf/af6 k|fKt 7]Ssf ;DaGwL lgb{]zg tyf ;do ;dodf o; sfof{noaf6 lbOg] lgb{]zg kfngf ug'{ :jLs[t af]nkqbftf 7]sb] f/sf] bfloTj x'g5 ] . !*= 7]Ssf ;+emf}tfsf ljifodf s'g} ljjfb ePdf o; sfof{non] u/]sf] lg0f{o dfGo x'g5 ] . !(= s'g} klg af]nkq ljgfsf/0f :jLs[t jf c:jLs[t ug{] clwsf/ o; sfof{nodf ;'/lIft /xg] 5 .

sd{rf/L cfjZostf ;DaGwL ;"rgf -k|yd k6s k|sflzt ldlt @)&%.)&.)^_

laut @$ jif{bl] v ;d'bfosf lakGg ju{sf] cfly{s, ;fdflhs tyf ;f+:s[lts ljsf;sf] nflu sl6a4 eO{ PlzofnL C0f dxf;+3af6 cGt/f{li6«o :t/sf] PS;]; l;Ne/ a|f08 k|fKt ug{ ;kmn o; ;xsf/L ;+:yfn] cfkm\gf] sfo{If]q leqsf ;b:ox?nfO{ u'0f:tl/o ?kdf jrt, C0f, ljdf, /]ld6]G; tyf cGo ;]jfx? pknAw u/fpb} cfPsf] 5 . ;jn / ;'/lIft o; ;+:yfsf] nflu b]xfosf s/f/df sfo{ ug]{ sd{rf/L cfjZos ePsf] x'gfn] O{R5's tyf tf]lsPsf] of]Uotf k'us ] f AolQmx?af6 !% lbg -@)&% sflt{s @) ut] $M)) ah]_ leq jfof]8f6f, z}lIfs of]Uotfsf k|df0fkq / kf;{kf]6{ ;fO{hsf] kmf]6f] ;lxt x:tlnlvt b/vf:t lbg'xg' of] ;"rgf k|sflzt ul/Psf] 5 . 5f]6f] ;"lrdf kg{ ;kmn cfj]bsx?nfO{ dfq kl/Iff z'Ns lnO{ kl/Iffdf ;xefuL u/fO{g5 ] . ! kb M ;]jf s]Gb| k|dv ' ;+Vof M @ s_ Go"gtd z}lIfs of]UotfM !)±@ pQL0f{ v_ ;]jfsf] ls;LdM s/f/ u_ tx M kfFrf} -kfFrvfn g=kf= / gdf]a4' g=kf=_ 3_ cGo cfjZos of]UotfM ¨ sDKo'6/ ;DaGwL /fd|f] 1fg ePsf] / @ kf+u]| ;jf/L ;fwg rnfpg] cg'dlt kq ePsf] . ª_ sfo{ ;DaGwL cGo cfjZos laj/0fx?M ¨ ;DaGwLt sfdsf] cg'ej ePsf] / :yfgLonfO{ k|fyldstf lbO{g5 ] . ¨ cfj]bssf] pd]/ !* jif{ k'/f eO{ $) jif{ ggf3]sf] x'gk' g]5 { . r_ sfo{laj/0fM ¨ ;DaGwLt ;]jf s]Gb|sf] sfof{no k|dv ' eO{ sfo{ ug]{ . ¨ tf]lsPsf] sfo{If]q leq Aoj;fo ljsf;sf sfo{x? ug]{ . ¨ ;]jf s]Gb| / d'Vo sfof{no lar ;dGjosf/L e"ldsf lgjf{x ug]{ .

5_ tna tyf cGo ;'ljwf M ¨ tna :s]n M @#,%)) .– -cGo ;'ljwf ;+:yfsf] lgodfg';f/ x'g5 ] ._ @ kb M ;xfos vhf~rL ;+Vof M @ s_ Go"gtd z}lIfs of]UotfM !)±@ pQL0f{ v_ ;]jfsf] ls;LdM s/f/ u_ tx M bf];|f] -kfFrvfn g=kf= / gdf]a'4 g=kf=_ 3_ cGo cfjZos of]UotfM ¨ sDKo'6/ ;DaGwL 1fg ePsf] ª_ sfo{ ;DaGwL cGo cfjZos laj/0fx?M ¨ cfj]bssf] pd]/ !* jif{ k'/f eO{ $) jif{ ggf3]sf] x'g'kg]{5 . ¨ ;DaGwLt sfdsf] cg'ej ePsf] / :yfgLonfO{ k|fyldstf lbO{g]5 . r_ sfo{laj/0fM ¨ ;DaGwLt ;]jf s]Gb|af6 ;b:ox?nfO{ sfp06/sf ;]jfx? pknAw u/fpg] . ¨ ljdf tyf ljk|]if0f ;DaGwL sfo{ ug]{ . ¨ gofF ;b:otf ljt/0f ;DaGwL sfo{ ug]{ . ¨ ;b:ox?nfO{ k/fdz{ ug]{ .

5_ tna tyf cGo ;'ljwf M ¨ tna :s]n M !&,@#) .–-cGo ;'ljwf ;+:yfsf] lgodfg';f/ x'g5 ] ._ dbg a:g]t ;b:o ;lrj kbk"tL{ pk;ldlt

r]i6f ;fKtflxs k|sfzgsf nflu k|sfzs.;Dkfbs M czf]s Jof~h", sfo{sf/L ;Dkfbs M df]tL/fd ltdlN;gf, sfof{no M ag]kf !), sfe|], kmf]g g+= )!!^^@$($ email: cheshtaweekly@yahoo.com/website: www.cheshtaweekly.com.np, d'b|0f M ;Gtf]if lk|lG6ª k|];, ag]kf, sfe|]