Year 26 issue 9

x'=b=g+=)#.)%(.)^), sf=k=lh=b=g+= )!.)%).)%!, sfe|]

k|b]z :t/sf] ‘s’ >]0fLsf] ;fKtflxs

;8sn] lgdf{0f u¥of] ljBfno @^cf}+ jif{ c;n ;dfh lgdf{0fsf nflu ;To ;dfrf/sf] ;Dk|]if0f

CHESHTA WEEKLY jif{ @^ c+s ( @)&^ kf}if !) ut] ljxLjf/ (Thursday, 26th Dec. 2019) g]kfn ;+jt\ !!$), d"No ?= %. -pkTosfsf] nflu ?= &_ k]h *±@ www.cheshtaweekly.com.np

ko{6g jif{sf] eJo tof/L a]yfgrf]s gf/fo0f:yfgsf] ko{6sLo If]q

:yfgLo tx ;lqmo df]tL/fd ltdlN;gf w'lnv]n ko{6g jif{ @)@) nfO{ eAo ?kdf ;DkGg ug{] u/L lhNnfdf tof/L z'? ePsf] 5 . d'n ;ldlt u7g ePsf] nfdf] ;do kl5 ;lrjfno ;ldlt nufotsf cGo pk–;ldltx? u7g u/L tof/L yfn]sf] 5 . lhNnfdf /x]sf !# j6f :yfgLo txx?n] ;ldlt u7g u/L tof/L z'? u/]sf] atfPsf 5g\ . lhNnf :t/Lo ;ldltn] ko{6g jif{sf] klxnf] lbg hgj/L ! sf lbg w'lnv]n gu/kflnsf;Fusf] ;dGjodf w'lnv]ndf ¥ofnL, emfFsL ;lxtsf] k|eftkm]/Lsf] cfof]hgf ug]{, ko{6sx?nfO{ :jfut ug]{, ;a} xf]6nx?df cfpg] kfx'gfx?nfO{ ;DalGwt xf]6nx?n] laz]if :jfut ug]{ lg0f{o u/]sf] 5 . e'Dn' ufpFkflnsfsf] ;dGjo tyf :yfgLo ;+3;+:yf;Fusf] ;xof]udf bf]nfn3f6 b]lv vx/]3f6;Dd hgj/L klxnf] xKtf ¥oflkm\6ª cfof]hgf ug]{ lg0f{o ePsf] 5 . a]yfgrf]s ufpFkflnsf tyf :yfgLo ;+3 ;+:yfsf] ;dGjodf 9'+vs{ a]yfgrf]s gf/fo0f:yfgdf hgj/L !) cyf{t kf}if @% ut] kbofqf cfof]hgf ug]{ lg0f{o u/]sf] 5 . t] d fn ufpF k flnsf tyf :yfgLo ;+3;+:yfsf] ;dGjodf t]dfn kbofqf tyf tfdfª ;f+:s[lts ;Dkbf cjnf]sg sfo{qmd !& hgj/L,# df3 z'qmaf/ cfof]hgf ug]{ lg0f{o ePsf] 5 . gdf]a'4 gu/kflnsf tyf :yfgLo ;+3;+:yfsf] ;dGjodf w'lnv]n gdf]a'4 kbofqf tyf k|fs[lts ;Dkbf b[Zofjnf]sg sfo{qmd cfof]hgf @$ hgj/L, !) df3 z'qmaf/ ug]{ ug{] lg0f{o ePsf] 5 . kgf}tL gu/kflnsfsf] ;dGjodf kgf}tL ( df lgld{t ;fd'bflos xf]d:6]sf] ;d'b\3f6g tyf cjnf]sg ug]{, ag]kf gu/kflnsf / :yfgLo ;+3;+:yfsf] ;dGjodf jf;'sL gd"gf ko{6g uGtAosf] 6«]lsª 6«]n tyf ¥ofDk lgdf{0f sfo{sf] #! hgj/L, !& df3, z'qmaf/ lznfGof; ug]{ lg0f{o ePsf] 5 . cGo yk sfo{qmdx? lhNnf :t/Lo ;ldlt Pjd sfo{ ;Dkfbg

dxfef/t, a'9fvfgL÷;8s gx'Fbf ljBfno lgdf{0fsf nflu ;e{] ug{ cfPsf] b'O{j6f 6f]nL ljr af6f]af6} kmls{P kl5 sfnf] afbn leq d8fl/Psf] ;'/lIft ejg leq a;]/ cWoog ug{] ljBfyL{x?sf] rfxgf :yfgLo ;/sf/n] k"/f ul/lbPsf] 5 . …;8s gePsf sf/0f bftfx?n] nufgL ug{] elgPsf] a'9fvfgL l:yt u|fdf]Gglt dflj gcfO{k'Ub} b'O{ k6s ;e{] 6f]nL kmls{g afWo eof] Ú –OlGhlgo/ ;f] l et >] i 7n] eGg'eof]–…;8s gePsf sf/0f /f]lsPsf] ljBfno lgdf{0fsf] sfo{ ufpFkflnsfn] ;8s lgdf{0f ul/lbP kl5 z'? ePsf] 5 .Ú dxfef/t If]qs} 7'nf] / Pl8lasf] ;xof]udf lgdf{0f x'g] b'u{d If]qsf] klxnf] ljBfno xf] u|fdf]GgtL dflj . Eof6 afx]s * s/f]8 ^$ nfv $* xhf/ & ;o @& ?k}ofF nfutdf lgdf{0f x'Fb} 5 . g]kfn ;/sf/, a}}b]lzs C0f / a}b}lzs ;xfotf dfkm{t pQm ljBfno lgdf{0f z'? ul/Psf] xf] . ljkb\ k|lt/f]wL ljBfno k'gM lgdf{0f kl/of]hgfn] ljs6 If]qsf] a'9fvfgL rf/lsNnfdf ljBfno lgdf{0f u/]sf] xf] . …xfdL s'g} klg xfntdf of] kl/of]hgf lkmtf{

hfg lbb}g lyof}+Ú–ufpFkflnsf cWoIf sfG5fnfn lhDafn] eGg'eof]–…ljs6tf / ;8s cefjs} sf/0f ;e{] ;d]t ug{ g;s]/ kmls{Psf] k|fljlwsx?sf] 6f]nLnfO{ ;8s lgdf{0f ;Fu} t]>f] k6s ljBfnodf Nofpg ;kmn eof}+ .Ú @)&% kf}if !^ df ;Demf}tf u/L df3 @! ut]af6 lgdf{0f z'? ul/Psf] ljBfno @)&& >fj0fdf ;DkGg ug{' kg{] eP klg To; cufj} lgdf{0f ;DkGg u/L x:tfGt/0f ug{] tof/L ul/Psf] 5 . dGqL uf]s'n af:sf]6fn] ejg lgdf{0fsf] lzNofGof; ug{' ePsf] lyof] . @! sf]7] ejg lgdf{0f eP;Fu} ljBfyL{x?nfO{ ;xh x'g] k|wfgfWofks /fdaxfb'/ tfdfªn] atfpg' eof] . !@ sf]7], ( sf]7] / zf}rfno ;lxtsf ejgn] ljBfnosf] cfjZostf k'/f ug{] cWoIf an/fd 7f9f du/n] atfpg' eof] . pQm ejgdf @% xhf/ ln6/sf] vfg]kfgL 6\of+ÍL, 5fq5fqfx?sf nflu zf}rfno, lzIfs÷sd{rf/L sf]7f, sDKo'6/ Nofj, ;fO{G; Nofj nufotsf] Aoj:yf ul/Psf] 5 . @)&@ sf] e'sDk kl5 ljBfno ejg gx'Fbf afnaflnsfx? cem} c:yfoL l;sfO{ s]Gb|df cWooog ul//x]sf afFsL @ k]hdf

ljBt' rf/]L / aSoft}f, bl}gs 5fkf

vf]kf;Ldf aGg] eof] gof“ :6]zg

;ldltn] tof/ u/L cufl8 a9fpg] lg0f{o u/]sf] ;dGjo ;ldlt k|d'v p4j s];Ln] atfpg' eof] . a}7sn] g]kfn e|d0f aif{ lhNnf:t/Lo ;ldltsf] ;lrjfno u7g, g]kfn e|d0f aif{ lhNnf:t/Lo k|rf/ k|;f/ ;ldlt u7g, g]kfn e|d0f aif{sf] ;lrjfnosf] sfof{no Aoj:yfkg, g]kfn e|d0f aif{sf] sfo{of]hgf tof/L, g]kfn e|d0f aif{sf] z'ef/De ;DaGwL sfo{qmd, sfo{of]hgf Pjd\ lhDd]jf/L nufotsf ljifodf 5nkmn u/]sf] lyof] . g]kfn ;/sf/af6 ;g\ @)@) nfO{ g]kfn e|d0f aif{sf ?kdf dgfpg ePsf] lg0f{ o / kl/kq cg' ; f/ sfe|]knf~rf]s lhNnfdf g]kfn e|d0f aif{, @)@) nfO{ eAotfsf ;fy ;DkGg ug{ ;xof]u k'¥ofpg] / lhNnf:t/df ljljw ko{6g ultljlwx?nfO{ Aojl:yt ?kdf cufl8 a9fpg lhNnf ;dGjo ;ldltsf k|d'v p4j s]=;L=sf] ;+of]hsTjdf g]kfn e|d0f aif{ lhNnf :t/Lo ;ldltsf] !% ;b:oLo ;lrjfno u7g ug]{ lg0f{o ePsf] 5 . ;ldltdf k|]d nfdf, lh;; ;b:o pBf]u, afl0fHo tyf ko{6g_, k|d'v, d08gb]pk'/ gu/kflnsf, cWoIf, e'Dn' ufpFkflnsf, l8lehg k|d'v, l8lehg jg sfof{no, k|d'v, lhNnf k|x/L sfof{no,

k|d'v ;]gfgL, lai0f'bn u0f, k|ltlgwL, lhNnf k|zf;g sfof{no, cWoIf, g]kfn kqsf/ dxf;+3, sfe|] zfvf cWoIf, If]qLo xf]6n ;+3, w'lnv]n, cWoIf, xf]d:6] Pzf]l;P;g ckm g]kfn, cWoIf, u};;

ltdlN;gfsf] ;+of]hsTjdf ;ldlt u7g ePsf] 5 . k|rf/ k|;f/ ;ldltdf cWoIf, k|]; ;+u7g g]kfn, cWoIf, k|]; o'lgog sfe|], hghflt kqsf/ dxf;+3, tfdfª kqsf/

w'lnv]nsf] …ljz]if tof/LÚ e|d0f jif{ @)@) dgfpg u7g ePsf] lhNnf :t/Lo, gu/ :t/Lo / ufpFkflnsf :t/Lo ;ldltx?n] tof/L yfn]sf 5g\ . lhNnf ;dGjo ;ldlt, !# j6} :yfgLo tx, ljleGg ;+3 ;+:yfx?n] g]kfn e|d0f jif{sf] tof/Ldf h'6]sf] atfPsf 5g\ . …PS;g Knfg ;lxtsf] lhDd]jf/L afF8kmfF8 u/]/ g]kfn e|d0f jif{ dgfpg] u/L sfo{qmd / k"jf{wf/ lgdf{0f ul//x]sf 5f}+Ú–w'lnv]n gu/kflnsf k|d'v czf]s Aof~h'n] eGg'eof]–…k|To]s dlxgf 7'nf–7'nf sfo{qmd x'g]5g\ eg] xKtfsf] tLg lbg z'qmaf/, zlgaf/ / cfO{taf/ ;fFem :yfgLo ;+:s[lt ;lxtsf] ;f+:s[lts sfo{qmdsf ;fy km'8 km]l:6an cfof]hgf x'g]5 .Ú w'lnv]n gu/ If]q leq kg{] c/lgsf] / ljkL /fhdfu{df !) j6f kfs{ k|ltIffno, zf}rfno ;lxtsf] lgdf{0f x'Fb}5 . !@ j6} j8fdf ko{6lso kfs{x? lgdf{0f eO{/x]sf 5g\ . ko{6s ;"rgf af]8{, lgoldt ;/;kmfO{, ko{6sx?nfO{ :jfut, sf];]nL 3/nfO{ cem} ;d[4 agfpg], ;flxTos'~h ;lxtsf kfs{, dgf]/]n, hLknfO{g h:tf afFsL @ k]hdf dxf;+3, sfe|] zfvf, cWoIf, sfe|] pBf]u afl0fHo ;+3 / lhNnf ;dGjo clwsf/L, lhNnf ;dGjo ;ldlt ;b:o ;lrj /x]sf 5g\ . To:t} lhNnf :t/Lo k|rf/ k|;f/ pk;ldltsf nflu g]kfn kqsf/ dxf;+3 sfe| ] zfvfsf cWoIf df] t L/fd

;d"x, s[oflzn dlxnf kqsf/ ;d"x, cWoIf, ko{6g kqsf/ ;dfh sfe|], cWoIf, kmf]6f] kqsf/ dxf;+3 sfe|], lhNnfdf s[ofzLn kqklqsf, Pkm=Pd /]l8of] / cgnfOg klqsf tyf s[oflzn ;+rf/sdL{x? /xg] lg0f{o afFsL @ k]hdf

lzIfs cfjZostf

rNnf rflxPdf=============================

w'lnv]n xfO{:s"n, w'lnv]nsf] nflu lzIfsx?sf] cfjZos ePsf]n] cfkm\gf] afof]8f6f ;lxt kf}if !% ut]leq ;Dks{ /fVg ;"lrt ul/G5 . lzIFs ;+Vof M !-dlxnf_ -pre-primary nursery sf] nflu_ lzIFs ;+Vof M !-dlxnf_ -primary class 1-3 sf] nflu_ of]Uotf M cFu|]hL /fd|f], ±@ plQ0f{ jf cWoog/t tna M cfsif{s gf]6 M cleefjsx?sf] cg'/f]wdf of] jif{b]lv k'gM g;{/L sIff ;+rfng x'g] ePsf] 5 . lk|lG;kn

oxfF nf]sn s'v'/f, nf]sn xfF;, k]lsª -rfOlgh xfF;_, 6sL{, nf}sf6 tyf rNnf klg rflxPdf ;Dks{ ug{'xf]nf .

w'lnv]n xfO{:s"n, w'lnv]n ;Dks{ kmf]g g+= $()!!#, (*%!@$#(@^, (*$!$&&%)$

;S;]; Pu|f] g]kfn k|f=ln= ;Dks{ M (*$@$&)$$^

ag]kf÷g]kfn ljB't k|flws/0f kfFrvfn ljt/0f s]Gb|n] rf]/L ug{] / aSof}tf afFsL /x]sf u|fxsx?sf] nfO{g wdfwd sf6\g yfn]sf] 5 . b} l gs !) eGbf w] / } AolQmx?sf] nfO{g sf6\g yfn]kl5 u|fxsx?n] aSof}tf ltg{ yfn]sf 5g\ eg] rf]/L ug{] u|fxsx?n] ld6/ dfkm{t ljh'nLsf] pkef]u u/]sf 5g\ . kfFrvfn ljt/0f s]Gb|n] b'O{ dlxgfsf] cjlwdf em08} @ ;o %) j6f ld6/ 7f]Sg] sfo{ ;DkGg ePsf] 5 eg] ! ;o %) eGbf w]/}sf] nfO{g sfl6Psf] 5 . afFsL aSof}tf ltg{]x?sf] le8 nfUg yfn]sf] pxfFn] atfpg' eof] . ! ;o eGbf w]/}nfO{ ljB't rf]/L cleof]udf sf/jfxL ul/Psf] 5 . kfFrvfn ljt/0f s]Gb| cGt{ut % s/f]8 aSof}tf c;'n ug{ afFsL 5 . sfl6Psf nfO{g hf]8\g] &) hgfaf6 !% nfv /fhZj ;+sng ePsf] 5 . r'xfj6 sfjf{lxdf ! ;o u|fxsaf6 ^ nfv %) xhf/ ;+sng ePsf] 5 . b}lgs aSof}tf p7\g] / ld6/ h8fg dfu ug]{ tLg u'0ff a9]sf] 5 . clxn]sf] 3f6f @$ k|ltztaf6 !% k|ltzt agfpg cfqmfds ?kdf rf]/L lgoGq0f z'? ePsf] 5 . gofF ld6/ @ ;o %) j6f grn]sf sf/0f abnL ul/Psf] 5 . $ ;o

%) j6f gofF ld6/ yk ul/Psf] 5 . :yfgLosf] ;fy / ;xof]u eP ;Fu} k|flws/0fsf] kfFrvfn ljt/0f s]Gb|n] :yfgLox?sf] cfjZostf cg';f/ ld6/ h8fg sfo{ z'? u/]sf] 5 . ld6/ nu]/ h8fg gu/L /fv]sf @ ;o %) eGbf w]/} u|fxsx?sf] ld6/ h8fg ul/Psf] 5 . ld6/ h8fg ePsf t/ l;n gnufO{ r'xfj6 ul/Psf ld6/x?df l/–l;n ul/Psf] 5 . ld6/ h8fg, ld6/ l/l8Ë tyf dxz'n ljB'Q rf]/L lgoGq0f, ld6/df l;n nufpg], ljt/0f nfO{g lj:tf/, ljt/0f nfO{g ;'wf/, ;+/rgf agfpg] dfkb08 / nfO{gsf] ?6 kl/jt{g, clt ljkGg ju{ tyf ;f+:s[lts dxTjsf ;Dkbfx?df lgz'Ns ld6/ h8fg, ljB'QLo hf]lvd tyf ;'/Iff sfo{qmdnfO{ k|fyldstfdf /fv]sf] ljt/0f s]Gb| k|d'v d]3gfy 9sfnn] hfgsf/L lbg'eof] . kfFrvfn, lxu'jfkf6L, bf]nfn3f6, knf~rf]s gf] nfO{6, nfO{g lj:tf/ tyf dd{t, gofF ld6/ h8fg, l;n r'xfj6 aSof}tf, ld6/ l/l8Ë tyf dxz'nsf nflu cnu cnu AolQmnfO{ lhDd]jf/L lbO{ k|efjsf/L ;]jf z'? ul/Psf] 5 . kfFrvfn / d08gb]pk'/ gu/kflnsf, e'Dn', t]dfn / rf}/Lb]p/fnL ufpFkflnsfsf ;fd'bflos ljB'lQs/0f ;]jf lng] ;d]t u/L @& xhf/ u|fxsnfO{ ;]jf lbg yfn]sf] afFsL @ k]hdf

jGohGt' ;+/If0fdf r'gf}tL w' l nv] n ÷jg, jGohGt' ;+/If0fdf r'gf}tL ylkb} uPsf] 5 . gofF ;8s lgdf{0f;Fu} z'? ePsf] jg cltqmd0f, dfkb08 ljkl/t ;+rflnt qm;/ pBf]u ;+rfng, jg 8F8]nf] nufotsf sf/0faf6 jGohGt' ;+/If0fdf r'gf}tL ylkPsf] xf] . tTsflng l8lehgn jg clws[t alb|s'df/ sfsL{n] ;/f]sf/jfnfx?sf] a}7sdf lhNnfdf jg cltqmd0f / jGohGt' ;+/If0fdf b]lvPsf ;d:ofsf af/]df k|ltj]bg k|:t't ub{} ;r]tgfsf nflu ;a} kIf nfUg' kg{] atfpg' ePsf] lyof] . …gofF ;8s ;+u} gof cltqmd0f, dfkb08 ljk/Lt ;+rflnt 9'+uf vfgL / qm;/ pBf]]ux?, ag 89]nf], ;fd'bflos jg pkef]Qmf ;d"xx? lglZqmo x'g' k|d'v sf/0f xf]Ú– jg clws[t alb|s'df/ sfsL{n] eGg'eof]–…;d'bfosf] rf;f] sd x'Fbf ;d:of ylkb} uPsf] 5 .Ú lhNnfsf ljleGg :yfgdf jg cltqmd0f eO{/x]sf] 5 . ;fd'bflos jgdf !(^=!% x]S6/ cltqmd0f ePsf] 5 eg] cltqmldt jgdf @ ;o %( 3/6x/f lgdf{0f ePsf] 5 .

clwsf+; 3/ 6x/f gu/sf]6 If]qdf lgdf{0f ePsf 5g\ . eQk'/ If]qdf lgdf{0f ePsf 6x/f eQmk'/ lhNnf jg sfof{no dfkm{t eTsfO{Psf] 5 . sfe|]sf] If]qdf kg{] 6x/f cem} eTsfO{Psf] 5}g . Wfld{s, ;f:s[lts, u}x| gfkmfd'vL ;]jfd'ns P+jd ;fj{hlgs lxtsf] p2]Zon] &*=() x]S6/ jg cltqmd0f ePsf] 5 . h;df ^^ j6f 3/ 6x/f lgdf{0f ePsf 5g\ . cfly{s jif{ @)&!÷@)&@ b]lv @)&#÷@)&$ ;Dd *@=** x]S6/ ljleGg ;fd'bflos jg If]q cltqmd0f x6fOPsf] lyof] . tLg txsf] lgjf{rg kZrft :yfgLo tx, cGo lgsfox?af6 jg If]q eP/ lgdf{0f ul/g] ef}lts k"jf{wf/sf of]hgfx? lgdf{0f x'+bf sfg"gL k|lqmof k'/f gu/L lgdf{0fsf sfo{x? ;+rfng ubf{ jg ljgf; x'g] u/]sf] lgZsif{ lgsflnPsf] 5 . lhNnfdf Dffgj jGohGt' åGå x'Fb} cfPsf] 5 . lrt'jf, afFb/ tyf a+b]nn] dfgjLo 3/kfn'jf hgfjf/ IftL tyf lghL cfjfbLsf] cGg jfnL xfgL gf]S;fgL x'g] u/]sf] 5 . g]kfn ;/sf/n] To:tf] cj:yfdf Ifltk'lt{ lbg] u/]sf] 5 . jGohGt' 4Gbsf kLl8tnfO{ /fxt l8lehg jg sfof{non] /fxt pknAw afFsL @ k]hdf

;DkfbsLo== = = = = = = = = = =

nf]k x'Fb} 3/]n' pTkfbg k|ljlwsf] ljsf;;Fu} :yfgLo tyf 3/]n' ?kdf pTkfbg x'g] j:t'x? nf]kx'Fb} uPsf 5g\. nf]k ePsf a:t'x?sf] P]ltxfl;stf, ;f+:s[lts / wfld{s kIf klg hf]l8Psf] 5. t/klg :yfgLox?n] rfx]/ klg To:tf pTkfbgx?nfO{ k|f]T;fxg ug{ ;ls/x]sf 5}gg\. :yfgLo ;/sf/n] 3/]n' pTkfbgsf] ;+/If0f ug{] cleofg z'? u/]sf eP klg kof{Kt ?kdf To; af/]df u[xsfo{ x'g g;Sbf :yfgLo pTkfbgn] ahf/ kfpg] ;Defjgf 5}g. vlr{nf] ?kdf x'g] pTkfbg nfut wfGg g;Sbf 3/]n' pTkfbg nf]k x'Fb} uPsf] 5. b'O{ bzs cl3;Dd /f]zL ufpFkflnsfsf] d+un6f/ lkGynLdf skf; k|zf]wg ug{] sf/vfgf rNYof]. skf;sf ?vx? x/]s 3/df x'GYof]. k|ljlwsf] ljsf;, ;8ssf] ;xh kx'Fr, o'jfx? ljb]z knfog h:tf sf/0fn] hGd b]lv d[To';Dd cfjZos skf; ;+:s[lt nf]k ePsf] 5. nf]k ePsf] pBf]unfO{ ;+/If0f ug{] u/L :yfgLo ;/sf/n] sfo{qmd Nofpg] of]hgf agfPsf] 5. k|efjsf/L agfpg :yfgLox?sf] ;lqmotf h?/L 5. :yfgLox?;Fu ^) jif{ cl3 a'g]sf skf;sf sk8fx? 5g\. @) jif{ cl3 a'g]sf skf;sf k6'sf, l;/s, 8:gf nufot AolQmn] nufpg] ;a} y/L sk8fx? ;'/lIft dfq} 5}gg x/]s ;do skf;af6} a'g]sf sk8fx?sf] k|of]u x'GYof]. cfo>f]t sd x'g]x?n] klg sk8f lsGg' kb{}g lyof]. skf; k|zf]wg u/L sk8f a'Gg] sf/vfgf lkGynLdf cem} 5. skf;sf] ?v ;d]t hf]ufO{Psf] 5. s]lx ?vx?sf] km8fgL ul/Psf] 5. alQ sf6\g ;d]t ;f]lx ?vsf] skf; k|of]u ul/G5. vr{sf lx;fjn] dxËf] kg{] t/ 3/ cfFugd} pTkfbg x'g] skf; nf]k x'Fb} uPsf] 5. a'9fa'9L ePkl5 cfFvf sd b]Vg] sf/0f k]zf ;+s6df 5. kl5Nnf] k':tfn] Aoj;fonfO{ cufl8 a9fpg ?rfpFb}gg\. clxn] klg :yfgLox? dWo] clns kfsf] pd]/sf clwsf+z AolQmx?n] Tolx a'g]sf k6'sf nufotsf cGo sk8fx? nufpg] u/]sf 5g\. skf; pBf]u ;+:s[lt lyof]. tfdfª ;d'bfosf AolQmx?sf] lgwg x'Fbf cGTo]li6sf nflu ;f]lx skf;sf] nfdf] sk8f k|of]u ul/GYof]. To;sf nflu klg ;a}sf 3/df Tof] vfnsf] sk8f a'Gg] ul/Psf] lyof] . AolQmn] k|of]u ug{] sk8fsf] cnfjf cGTo]li6sf a]nf cfjZos kg{] sk8fx?sf nflu skf; ;+:s[lt;Fu hf]l8g] ul/Psf] lyof]. AolQm hGdFbf k|of]u ug{] skf;sf] alQ b]lv d[To';Dd k|of]u ug{] skf; ;+:s[lt lkGynLdf nf]k ePsf] 5. lkGynLdf dfq} x}g o:tf 3/]n' pBf]ux? lhNnfsf x/]s :yfgdf nf]k x'Fb} uPsf 5g\. ;/sf/ pBf]u d}qL jftfj/0f agfpg] k|of; ul//x]sf] 5. o'jfx? ljb]lzg /f]lsPsf] 5}g. lgof{t eGbf w]/} cfoft eO{/x]sf] 5. cfoft s6f}tL u/L >d / l;knfO{ g]kfnd} k|of]u u/L o'jfx?nfO{ pBdzLn agfpg o:tf pBf]ux?nfO{ ;/sf/n] cg'bfg lbO{ k|ljlw d}qL agfpg' h?/L 5.

;'grfFbLsf] ;fKtflxs ahf/ efp ;'g k|lt !) u|f= ;'g k|lt tf]nf rfFbL k|lt !) u|f= rfFbL k|lt tf]nf

ldlt

2076/9/3 2076/9/4 2076/9/5 2076/9/6 2076/9/7 2076/9/8 2076/9/9

;|f]t

61385/61385/61385/61385/61645/61900/62415/-

;Gbe{ …v|Li6d;Ú kj{sf] @

r]i6f ;fKtflxs

71599/71599/71599/71599/71903/72200/72800/-

729/729/729/733/737/50 750/759/-

850/850/850/854/860/875/885/29

M

ho >L r08L Hj]n;{ s?0ffdfu{ $#, ag]kf * ho]Gb| zfSo -(*$!@)%!&^, )!!^^!&^)_

v|Li6d; O;fO{x?sf] dxfg kj{ xf] . …v|Li6Ú rfFlx Pp6f u|Ls zAb xf], h;sf] cy{ …cleif]sÚ ePsf] JolQm xf] . pxL zJb lxa|' efiffdf …d;LxÚ xf] . k/d]Zj/n] o]z" v|Li6nfO{ cyf{t d;LxnfO{ ;+;f/sf] d'lQmbftf x'gnfO{ cleif]s ug{'eof] . o]z"sf] cy{ d'lQm lbg] JolQm eGg] x'G5 . ;a} dflg;x?nfO{ ltgLx?sf kfkaf6 d'lQm lbgsf nflu d'lQmbftfsf] ?kdf o]z"nfO{ cleif]s ul/Psf] s'/f afOan wd{zf:qn] atfpF5 . of] kj{ dgfpg] rng OZjL ;Djt ##^ P=8L= df /f]daf6 ;'? ePsf] Oltxf; kfOG5 . k|To]s jif{sf] l8;]Da/ @% tf/Lvsf lbg ljZje/sf O;fOx?n] v|Li6d;nfO{ Ps dxfg rf8sf] ?kdf dgfpg] ub{5g\ . clxn] cfP/ u}/O;fO{x?n] klg o; rf8df ;dfj]z eP/ /dfOnf] ug{ yfn]sf 5g\ . o; lbgsf] Ps xKtf kl5 gofF jif{ ;'? x'g] ePsf]n] klg of] rf8sf] dxTj a9]sf] x'g ;S5 . v|Li6sf] hGdb]lv g} c+u|]hL ldlt sfod ePsf] kfOG5 . c+u|]hL zAbsf]if cg';f/ o]z"sf] hGd eGbf klxn]sf] ;donfO{ aL=;L= elgG5 eg] kl5sf] ;donfO{ P=8L= elgG5 . o;/L o]z"sf] hGdsf] cfwf/df c+u|]hL ldlt ;'? ePsf] Oltxf; kfOG5 . /f]dL ;d|f6 sG;g6]G6fOgn] O;fO{ dt u|x0f u/]kl5 o]z"sf] hGdlbg dgfpg'k5{ eg]/ 3f]if0ff u/]sf lyP . aL=;L= #! b]lv P=8L= !$ ;Dd s};/ /f]dL ;fd|fHosf] ;d|f6 lyP . h'g 7fpF clxn] cfP/ O6nLsf] /fhwfgL ePsf] 5 . ;d|f6 s};/n] klZrd o"/f]ksf] ;a} /fHox?df zf;g u/]sf] Oltxf; kfOG5 . kl5 cfP/ l;h/ cui6;n] klZrdL o"/f]k sAhf u/L zf;g ubf{ cfˆgf] zf;gleqsf] If]qsf] hgu0fgf ug]{ OR5f u/]/ hgu0fgf lng sd{rf/Lx?nfO{ 7fpF 7fpFdf v6fPsf lyP . To;}a]nf o]z"sf afa' cfdf cfˆgf] gfd n]vfpgnfO{ O;|fPnsf] a]yn]x]d ufpF hfg'k/]sf] lyof] .

ToxLa]nf of];]km / dl/od O;|fPnsf] a]yn]x]d eGg] ufpFdf hfFbf ToxL g} o]z"sf] hGd ePsf] lyof] . o]z"sf] cfdf a'jf ufnLnsf] gf;/t eGg] 7fpFsf lyP . o]z" v|Li6sf] hGd a]yn]x]d eGg] 7fpFdf ePsf] lyof] . o]z"sf r]nf n"sfn] o]z"sf] af/]df j0f{g u/]sf] Oltxf; cg';f/ o]z" hGd]sf] 7fpFdf k|z:t ufO{ uf]7fnfx? a:by] . ltg} uf]7fnfx? dWo] Ps hgf k|e'eQm ePsf lyP . ToxL eQmsf] sf/0fn] ubf{ To; 7fpFdf k|e'sf] b[li6 cyf{t t]h k/]sf] lyof] .

Tof] t]hn] ubf{ ToxfFsf] uf]7fnfx? 8/fP . :ju{af6 k|e"sf b"tn] ‘ltdLx? g8/fcf] a? ;dfrf/ cfgGbn] ;'gÚ eg] . ToxfF o]z"sf] hGd ePsf] va/ :ju{b"tx?n] Pp6f ;fdfGo uf]7fnfx?dfem atfPsf lyP . ha :ju{b"tx? uf]7fnfx?dfem k|s6 eP, TotLa]nf k|e'sf] t]h uf]7fnfx?sf] j/Lk/L rDs]sfn] ltgLx? clt ;fx|} 8/fPsf lyP .

ToxL ;dodf :ju{b"tx?n] uf]7fnfx?nfO{ ;Gb]z lbPsf lyP ‘cfh bfpbsf] zx/df Ps

:yfgLo========== ePsf] 5 . g]kfn e|d0f aif{, @)@) nfO{ eAotfsf ;fy pknlAwd"ns ?kdf ;DkGg ug{ lhNnfsf ;a} :yfgLo txx?df :yfgLo:t/sf ;/f]sf/jfnfx? ;lDdlnt kflnsf:t/Lo ;xhLs/0f tyf cfof]hs ;ldlt;Fu lgoldt ;dGjo ;xhLs/0f ug]{, lhNnfl:yt ;a} kflnsf Pjd\ ko{6g;Fu ;Da4 ;+3;+:yfx?;Fusf] ;dGjodf ko{6g aif{, @)@) sf ;Gbe{df Ps alif{o lhNnf :t/Lo sfo{of]hgf tof/ u/L ;f]xL adf]lhd s[ofsnfkx? cufl8 a9fpg], lhNnfsf ;a} ko{6g uGtAo, 6'l/hd k|f]8S6x? ;d]6L Psaif{sf] s[ofsnfkx?;lxtsf] aflif{s Sofn]08/ tof/ ug]{ / ;f]xL adf]lhd ;a} ;/f]sf/jfnfx?sf] ;xof]u / ;dGjodf sfo{qmdx? ;+rfng ug]{, ko{6g aif{;Fu ;DalGwt ultlalwx?sf] ;dGjo / ;xhLs/0fsf nflu lhNnf ;dGjo ;ldltsf] sfof{nodf Ps ko{6g 8]:s :yfkgf ug]{ / ;f] sf] kmf]sn k;{g -;Dks{ AolQm_ sf] lhDd]jf/L

;"rgf zLt–nx/sf] ;dodf lr;f]sf sf/0f dflg;sf] d[To';d]t x'g ;S5 To;}n] M != afnaflnsf, a[4a[4f, ue{jtL dlxnf tyf la/fdLx?sf] x]/rfxdf ljz]if ;ts{tf ckgfpFb} Gofgf] cj:yfdf /fVg] Joj:yf ldnfcf}+ . @= lr;f]sf sf/0f lj/ffdL ePsf tTsfn} glhs}sf] :jf:Yo rf}sL jf c:ktfndf t'?Gt pkrf/sf] nflu hfg] afgLsf] ljsf; u/f}+ . #= zLt nx/ rn]sf] a]nfdf kfNt' kz'kG5LnfO{ ;s];Dd v'Nnf :yfgdf r/fpg gn}hfcf}+ . uf]7÷6x/fd} /fv]/ kof{Kt 3fF;, k/fn / bfgf lbg] Joj:yf ldnfcf}+ . \$= lr;f]sf sf/0f kz'kG5L lj/fdL ePdf glhs}sf] kz' lrlsT;fnodf t'?Gt ;Dks{ u/L cf}iflw÷pkrf/ ug{ n}hfcf}+ . %= sf]7fleq cfuf] afnL tftf] kfbf{ kof{Kt e]l06n];gsf] Joj:yf ldnfpg ge'nf}+ .

jif{ @^ c+s ( @)&^ kf}if !) ut] ljxLjf/

cfhsf] ljrf/ /fh]z e'h]n ljZjsf ;a} b]zx?df dgfOg] of] kj{sf] d'Vo ljz]iftf eg]sf] k/d]Zj/sf] k|]d emNsfpg' xf] . lsgls k/d]Zj/n] k|]d k|s6 u/]/ cfˆgf] Ps dfq k'qnfO{ ;+;f/df k7fpg'eof] / cfk"m alnbfg eP/ k/d]Zj/ / dflg;;Fu ldnfk Nofpgsf] lgDtL o]z"n] ;+;f/df hGd lng'ePsf] lyof] . hgf d'lQmbftfsf] hGd ePsf] 5, pxfF v|Li6 dl;x k|e' x'g'x'G5 .Ú Tof] ;a}sf nflu z'e ;dfrf/ lyof] . v|Li6 d'lQmbftfsf] ?kdf o; ;+;f/df hGdg'ePsf] s'/fn] :ju{b"tx?n] klg /dfx6 u/]sf] s'/f o]z"sf r]nf 8fS6/ n"sfn] atfPsf 5g\ . o]z"sf csf{ r]nf dQLn] :ju{b"tn] …dl/odn] hGdfPsf] afnssf] gfd o]z" /fVg'Ú eg]/ of];]kmnfO{ cf1f ul/Psf] lyof] eGg] s'/f pNn]v u/]sf 5g\ . …o]z"Ú rfxLF lxa|' gfpF …oxf]z"Ú sf] u|Ls cg'jfb xf] . o]z" / oxf]z"sf] cy{ …k|e'n] p4f/ ug{'x'G5Ú eGg] x'G5 . o]z" dflg;sf] d'lQmbftf x'g'x'G5 eGg] s'/f n]vsx?af6 a'‰g ;lsG5 . o]z"sf] hGdsf] of] pT;jnfO{ cfh ljZjsf ;a} b]zx?df v|Li6d;sf] ?kdf xiff]{Nnf;sf ;fy dgfOg] k|rng a9\b} uPsf] 5 . ;f]leot o"lgogdf /l;og qmflGtkl5 sl/a &% aif{;Dd v|Li6d; dgfpg k|ltaGw nufOP klg xfn cfP/ cd]l/sf nufotsf b]zx?df v|Li6d;sf] rxnkxn @% l8;]Da/ eGbf cl3b]lv / gofF jif{sf] klxnf] lbg;Dd g} x'g] ub{5 . o]z" v|Li6 hGdg'ePsf] af/, ldlt, ;do / v|Li6d; dgfOPsf] pbfx/0f afOandf st} klg pNn]v ul/Psf] 5}g . t/ afOandf o;/L pNn]v ePsf] 5 ls v|Li6 o]z"sf] hGd ePsf] xf], af/ ldlt ;do yfxf geP klg o:t}

lr;f] df};ddf pxfFsf] hGd ePsf] xf] . oxL s'/f o]z" hGdg' eGbf &%) jif{ cufl8b]lv g} cudjf0fL xF'b} cfPsf] lyof] . xfn cfP/ ljZjsf ;a} b]zx?df dgfOg] of] kj{sf] d'Vo ljz]iftf eg]sf] k/d]Zj/sf] k|]d emNsfpg' xf] . lsgls k/d]Zj/n] k|]d k|s6 u/]/ cfˆgf] Ps dfq k'qnfO{ ;+;f/df k7fpg'eof] / cfk"m alnbfg eP/ k/d]Zj/ / dflg;;Fu ldnfk Nofpgsf] lgDtL o]z"n] ;+;f/df hGd lng'ePsf] lyof] . :jL8]g, cd]l/sf, a]nfotdf v|Li6d; dgfpg ;fj{hlgs ljbf lbOG5 . @)^$ ;fn kf}if !@ ut] g]kfn ;/sf/n] klg v|Li6d;nfO{ /fli6«o rf8sf] dfGotf;lxt k'if !) ut] Ps lbgsf] nflu ;fj{hlgs ljbf lbg] lg0f{o u¥of] / @)^% ;fnb]lv pQm lg0f{o sfo{Gjogdf cfPsf] 5 . v|Li6d;nfO{ /fli6«o rf8sf] dfGotf lbO;s]sf] / cGtl/d ;+ljwfgdf ;d]t wd{ lg/k]If /fi6« n]lvPsf] cj:yfdf klg /fHon] ljleGg wd{jnDaLx?nfO{ lbg] ;'ljwfdf e]befj ug{' x'Fb}g . clxn] s'g} rf8df w]/} lbgsf] nfdf] ljbf lbOPsf] 5 eg] v|Li6d;sf] nflu Ps lbgsf] dfq . o:tf] lje]bn] ubf{ v|Li6d; h:tf] kj{df lbOPsf] Ps lbgsf] 5f]6f] ljbfdf w]/} sfdx? EofOgEofOsg l;Wofpg afWo eO/x]sf 5g\ . o]z"sf] ;Gb]z af8\gnfO{ 7fpF 7fpFdf hfg / sfo{qmdx? ug{nfO{ /

tf]Sg], lhNnf:t/Lo ;ldlt / lhNnfl:yt ko{6g ;/f]sf/jfnfx?sf] ;xeflutfdf Ps cled'vLs/0f tyf cGt/s[ofTds sfo{zfnf uf]i7Lsf] cfof]hgf ug]{, g]kfn ko{6g aif{ @)@) sf] z'ef/Desf nflu ;DalGwt ;a} ;/f]sf/jfnf lgsfo ;+3 ;+:yfx?nfO{ cf cfkm\gf] :yfgdf laz]if sfo{qmdx? cfof]hgf u/L ;f]sf] hfgsf/L lhNnf ;lrjfnonfO{ u/fpg cg'/f]w ug]{ / lhNnf ;lrjfnosf] ;dGjo / cGo ;/f]sf/jfnfx?sf] ;xof]udf ljleGg sfo{qmdx? ug{] lg0f{o ePsf] 5 . o;cl3 e]nfn] g]kfn e|d0f jif{sf nflu ! ;o %! d'n ;df/f]x ;ldlt u7g u/]sf] lyof] .

k'/fgf ejgx?nfO{ 5fqfaf;sf] ?kdf k|of]u ug{] tof/L /x]sf] cWoIf an/fd 7f8f du/n] atfpg' eof] . ufpFkflnsfe/L & j6f dfjL 5g\ . a'9fvfgLdf Tolx Pp6f dfWolds ljBfno xf] . @)!* ;fndf :yfkgf ePsf] pQm ljBfno @)%^ df lgdflj, @)^% ;fndf dflj / @)&% ;fnaf6 sIff !@ ;Ddsf] cWofkg u/fpFb} cfPsf] 5 . ufpFkflnsfn] z}lIfs ;'wf/ sfo{qmd cGt{ut aflif{s @ nfv /sd pknAw u/fpFb} cfPsf] 5 . ;fl]x sfoq{mdaf6 Pshgf lzIfs lgol'Qm ul/Psf] cWoIf du/n] atfpg' eof] . ljBfyLx{?nfO{ egfs { f] ;dodf sIff tx cg;'f/ zN's lng] ul/Psf] 5 . sIff !! / !@ nfO{ aflifs { ( xhf/sf] b/n] kl|t ljBfyL{ /sd lnOP{sf] 5 . pdfjL sf6]fdf klg lzIfs kf|Kt gu/s ] f] pQm ljBfnon] ul0ft / lj1fg ljifosf] Ps hgf lzIfsnfO{ dfq} dfl;s @) xhf/ ?ko}f pknAw u/fpg] u/s ] f] 5 . cu+h |] L / ;fdflhs ljifosf] lzIfsnfO{ !# xhf/ % ;o / cGo afs F L lzIfsx?sf nflu dfl;s & xhf/ /sd pknAw u/fOP{sf] 5 . ^ hgf lzIfs gLlh >ft]af6 /flvPsf] 5 . ljBfnodf a9'fvfgLsf] sflndf6L, 38F',] al]tgL;uF} agvs ' f sl]x j8fsf ljBfyLx{? ;dt] cWoog ul//xs ] f 5g\ . cleefjs zs + / l;+ dfQ]mfgn] ;l'jwf ;DkGg ljBfno lgdf0{f xbF'f vz ' L nfus ] f] atfpg' eof] . …;8s gxbF'f ljBfno ejg aGg] s/'fdf zs + f lyofÚ]–pxfn F ] eGge'of–]…ufpkFflnsfn] ;8s lgdf0{f ul/lbP kl5 ljBfno ejg dfq} agg], :yfgLox?nfO{ ;dt] ;xh eof] .Ú pxfs F f ;Gtfg ;fl]x ljBfnodf cWoog ul//xs ] f 5g\ . sIff sf]7fdf a;]/ cWoog ug{ gkfPsf afnaflnsfx? Aojl:yt / ;/'lIft ejgdf a;/] cWoog ug{ kfpg] s/'fn] ljBfyL,{ cleefjs / lzIfs ;ad}f vz ' L 5fPsf] kw|fgfWofks /fdaxfb/' tfdfªn] atfpg' eof] .

w'lnv]nsf]======== dxTjk"0f{ sfo{ eO{/x]sf] gu/ k|d'v czf]s Aof~h'n] atfpg' eof] . Osf] 6«]n, w'lnv]ndf lgdf{0f ePsf / x'Fb} u/]sf xf]6nx?df cfpg] ko{ 6 sx?nfO{ ;xof] u k' U g] vfnsf sfo{qmdx?sf nflu 8]9 s/f]8 /sd ljlgof]hg ul/Psf] 5 eg] k"jf{wf/ lgdf{0fsf nflu %÷^ s/f]8 /sd ljlgof]hg ePsf] gu/ k|d'v Aof~h'n] atfpg' eof] . sfo{qmddf ko{6g Aoj;foL Hof]T;gf ;}h', dlgif ouf]n nufotn] w'lnv]ndf ko{6sx?sf] a;fO{ nDofpg gu/kflnsfn] NofPsf sfo{qmdx?df ;fem]bf/L aGg] atfpg' ePsf] lyof] . a]yfGrf]s ufpFkflnsfn] g]kfn e|d0f jif{sf] cj;/ kf/L Ps} lbg lhNnfsf] cUnf] :yfg a]yfGrf]s gf/fo0f:yfgdf @ xhf/ ko{6s Ps} lbg kbofqf u/fpg] ePsf] 5 . cWoIf k|]daxfb'/ ltdlN;gfn] To;sf nflu kflnsf / j8f :t/Lo ;ldltx? u7g eO{ cfjZos tof/L z'? ul/Psf] atfpg' eof] . a]yfGrf]sdf pTkfbg x'g] cfuf{lgs v'jf, t/sf/L nufotsf cGo a:t'x?sf] pTkfbg;Fu} ljqmL ljt/0f ug{] u/L ko{6sx?sf] /f]hfO{ / cfs{ifs agfpg sfo{ ul//x]sf] atfpg' eof] . d08g b]pk'/ gu/kflnsfsf k|d'v 6f]saxfb'/ jfO{jfn] gu/sf]6df cfPsf ko{6sx?nfO{ OGb|fjtL vf]nfdf kf}8L v]Ng cfpg] / ;'gsf]zLsf] df5f vfg] jftfj/0f agfpg ljleGg of]hgf tof/ kfl/Psf] atfpg' eof] . d08gb]pk'/sf ljleGg :yfgaf6 gu/sf]6;Dd xfO{lsË ug{] tyf gu/sf]6sf cf;kf;sf gu/kflnsfx?;Fu a;]/ yk sfo{qmd tof/ ug{] k|d'v 6f]saxfb'/ jfO{jfn] atfpg' eof] .

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;+rf/ tyf ;"rgf k|ljlw dGqfno ;"rgf tyf k|;f/0f ljefu

5g\ . % ;o %) ljBfyL{ pQm ljBfnodf cWoog ul//x]sf 5g\ . ljBfyL{ 5g\, lzIfs 5}gg\ % ;o %) hgf ljBfyL{x?sf nflu b/jGbL, /fxt, lghL >f]t / ufpFkflnsfn] pknAw u/fpg] z}lIfs ;'wf/ sfo{qmd dfkm{t ;d]t u/L !& hgf lzIfs sd{rf/L sfo{/t 5g\ . b}lgs ;fF9] # 306f ljBfno lx8]/ cfpg' kg{] ljBfyL{x?sf nflu 5fqfaf;sf] Aoj:yf 5}g . ePsf] 5fqfaf; ;d]t j8f sfof{non] k|of]u ul//x]sf] 5 . ejg lgdf{0f sfo{ ;DkGg eP;Fu}

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ljBfno lgdf{0fsf] cg'udg lhNnf :t/Lo cg'udg 6f]nL / ufpFkflnsfn] Ps} ;fy u/]sf] 5 . cfof]hgfsf tkm{af6 k|d'v 4fl/sfk|;fb kf]v/]n, ufpFkflnsf cWoIf sfG5fnfn lhDaf, g]kfn kqsf/ dxf;+3sf cWoIf df]tL/fd ltdlN;gf, OlGhlgo/ ;f]let a:g]t, ;j OlGhlgo/ ;ljg sfoZy, g]skf g]tf OGb|axfb'/ tfdfª, uf]s'n] dfljsf k|wfgfWofks kbd ltdlN;gf, kqsf/x? nufotn] cg'dug u/]sf lyP . ;Demf}tf eGbf cufj} lgdf{0f ;DkGg ug{] u/L sfo{ eO{/x]sf] :jR5Gb vfgL h]eLn] lgdf{0f ul//x]sf] 5 . ljs6 If]qdf ;do cufj} sfo{ ;DkGg ug{' v'zLsf] s'/f ePsf] cWoIf sfG5fnfn lhDafn] atfpg' eof] . …ljs6tfsf sf/0f ;8s gx'Fbf lgdf{0f x'g g;sL kmls{Psf] ljBfno ejg dxfef/t If]qs} 7'nf] /sdsf] ;do cufj} lgdf{0f x'Fbf v'zL 5f}+Ú–pxfFn] eGg' eof] . ljBfnosf cGo ;d:of lj:tf/} ;dfwfg ub{} hfg] pxfFn] atfpg' eof] .

ljB't=============== 5 . !) xhf/ ;fdb'flos ljBl'ts/0f cGtu{tsf uf|xsx? 5g\ .

cfkmGtx?;uF e]63f6 ug{ klg gEofOg] / s]jn rr{df sfo{qmd ug{ dfq} ;do k'Ug] ePsf]n] v|Li6d;sf] ljbf s]xL lbg a9L eP ;xh x'g] lyof] . o;sf] nflu k/d]Zj/df k|fy{gf r9fpg]5f}+ . g]kfndf klg O;fO{x?n] s]xL jif{ otf w"dwfd ?kdf v|Li6d; dgfpg yfn]sf 5g\ . l8;]Da/ @% eGbf cufl8b]lv g} v|Li6d;sf] /f}gstf 5fpg ;'? x'g] ePtfklg k'if !) ut] eg] o]z" v|Li6sf] hGddf /dfx6 u/L v| L i6d;sf] z' e sfdgf ;lxt pkxf/ cfbgk|bfg ug{ dflg;x?sf] hd36 x'g] ub{5 . xfn u}/O;fO{x?dfem klg nf]slk|o aGb} uPsf] v|Li6d;df o]z"sf] hGddf cfwfl/t eP/ Sof/f]n v]Ng', v|Li6d; 6«L 3/df ;hfpg', d}g alQ afNg' cflbsf] klg 5'§} dxTj 5 eg] v|Li6d; sf8{ af8\g'sf] klg cs}{ dxTj /x]sf] 5 . v|Li6d;sf] cj;/df sf7df08f} nufotsf zx/x?sf ahf/, uNnL, tf/] xf]6n, ;'k/ dfs]{6 cflb 7fpFx?df ljz]if 5'6 ;lxt Jofkf/ / Joj;fox?sf] k|j4g ul//x]sf] kfOG5 eg] st} ;fdflhs sfo{df klg k|of]u ul/g] ul/Psf] 5 . cfhsfn To:tf Jofkfl/s s]G›x?df v|Li6d;sf] lbg ;';dfrf/ ;'gfpg eg]/ ckm/ klg cfpg] u/]sf] 5 . Sof/f]n v]n]/ hDdf ePsf] e]6Ln] af6f] 3f6f] lgdf{0f, cgfynfO{ ;xof]u, ;/;kmfO{ h:tf ;fdflhs sfo{x? ug]{ yfngL klg ePsf] 5, of] Psbd} /fd|f] kIf xf] . v|Li6d; eGg] ljlQs} o]z"sf] hGdpT;jdf dgfOg] Pp6f dxfg kj{ xf] / o;df d'lQmbftf o]z"sf] hGd ePsf] 3f]if0ff ub}{ ;+;f/sf ;a} dflg;x?nfO{ k/d]Zj/n] k|]d ug{'x'G5, v|Li6 o]z" d'lQmbftf x'g'x'G5, v|Li6 o]z"df hLjg 5, v|Li6 o]z" ;fFrf] k/d]Zj/ x'g'x'G5 / lhljt k/d]Zj/ x'g'x'G5 eg]/ ;f/f ;+;f/nfO{ lbg] Pp6f ;Gb]z g} v|Li6d;sf] d'Vo ;Gb]z xf] . pQm ;Gb]znfO{ Sof/f]ndfkm{t 3/3/df ;'gfpg] / pxfFsf] hGdsf] 3f]if0f ug]{ ul/G5 . xfdLdf x/]s lbg v|Li6d;df h:t} pT;fx / pd+udf v|Lli6o hLjg latfpg'kb{5 . ljljw ;sf/fTds kf6f]x?sf lardf klg vL|i6d; leq s]xL ljlqmtLx? klg lelq/x]sf 5g\ . h:t} o"jf k':tf / cGo Joj;foLdfem of] kj{ ;fdfGo dgf]/~hg, Jofkf/ / gfkmf gf]S;fg, n]gb]g cflb OToflbsf] ?kdf ePsf] b]lvG5 . v|Li6d;sf] gfpFdf x'g] Jofkfl/s/0f tyf hyfeflj /dfOnf] ubf{ o;sf] dxTjk"0f{ kIf eg] cf]em]ndf kg{ hfg] lglZrt 5 . To;}n] cGo ;F:s[ltsf] gSsn u/]/ jf gsf/fTds 9+un] e8\lsnf] / vlr{nf] lsl;dn] geO{ k/Dk/f / ;F:sf/ ;F:s[ltnfO{ hf]ufpFb} cWoflTds pGgtL tkm{ pGd'v eO zfGtL / ;b\efj km}nfpg] lsl;dsf] afOandf cfwfl/t v|Li6d; dgfpg ;s] of] dxfg pT;j rf8, ;fFRr}sf] ;fy{s x'g] 5 . cGtdf of] jif{sf] v|Li6d;sf] pknIodf ;Dk"0f{ O;fO{ ;d'bfodf z'esfdgf …ljz]if u/L b]zdf zfGtL, ;'Joj:yf sfod xf];, b]zsf ;Dk"0f{ gful/sx? pGgtL / k|utLdf cl3 a9\g ;s"gÚ gofF jif{ ;g\ @)@) sf] xflb{s z'e–sfdgf . cgnfO{gaf6

xfO{ efN]6h ] nfOg{ ePsf kfn ] x?nfO{ ;w'f/ ul/Psf] 5 . c/lgsf] xfOj{s ] f ;w} kfn ] x?sf] ;w'f/ ePsf] ljt/0f sG]b| kd|v ' d3]gfy 9sfnn] atfpg' eof] . …c/lgsf] xfOj{] ;w'f/ cGtu{t xfOe{fN]6h ] df /xs ] f ;a} kfn ] x?sf] ;w'f/ ePsf] 5Ú–9sfnn] eGg' eof–]…zfvf nfOg{df /xs ] f ljBt'sf kfn ] x?df 5fP]sf ?vx?, ?vsf xfuFfx? x6fO{ sf7sf sl'xg nfus ] f / dlSsPsf kfn ] x? x6fpg z? ' u/s ] f 5f} . rfn' jif{ leq} xfdL sf7sf kfn ] dQ'm Ifq] agfpg] u/L ! xhf/ zfvf nfOg{df l:6nsf kfn ] x? uf8b\} 5f+} .Ú & xhf/ % ;o j6f kfn ] kmg]{' kg]{ cfjZos 5 . @ dlxgfdf zfvf nfOg{sf # ;o sf7sf kfn ] kl/jtg{ ul/Psf] 5 eg] Ps xhf/ j6f kfn ] # dlxgf leq kml]/g5] . sflts { ! uta]f6 kfr F vfndf cfk}rfl/s ?kdf ljt/0f sG]bs | f ?kdf sfo{ z? ' u/s ] f] lyof] . eD'n' ufpkFflnsfsf j8f gDj/ ^ sf cWoIf e/taxfb/' lzjelQmn] ljB't dxz'n a'emfpg afFsL :yfgLox?nfO{ kq sf6/]} dxzn ' ltg{ / glt/] ;j]f ;l'jwf /fS]sf /fVg] rt]fjgL lbg' ePsf] 5 . ljt/0f sG]bn | ] cfkmg\} rf/ /fk]gL hldgdf ejg lgdf0{fsf] sfo{ z? ' u/s ] f] 5 . bO'{ jifs { f nflu ef8fdf al;/xs ] f] ejgaf6 cfkmg\} ejgdf ;g]{ u/L tof/L ul/Psf] 5 . cfqmfds zn } Ldf sfo{ ug{ kofK{t >ft] / ;fwgsf] cefj ePsf] ljt/0f sG]b| kd|v ' 9sfnn] atfpg' eof] . sfofn { odf ePsf] ;jf/L ;fwg lh0f{ ePsfn] ;j]fuf|lxx?nfO{ lghL df6]/;fOsnaf6 ;j]f pknAw u/fOP{sf] 5 . vfk]f;Ldf ;a :6z ] g sfes |] f] kgft}L gu/kflnsf vfk]f;Ldf /xs ] f] gk]fns} bf>]f] hnljBt'af6 pTkfbg xg'] lahn ' L lhNnfd} vkt xg'] u/L kj"fw{f/ lgdf0{f sfo{ z? ' ePsf] 5 . vfk]f;Ldf aGg] ;a :6z ] g kl5 ToxfF pTkfbg ePsf] lahn ' L lhNnfd} vkt ul/g5] . sfes |] f] @* lsnfd]f /xs ] f] ;a :6z ] gn] lhNnfsf ljleGg :yfgdf ljBQ' ;KnfO{ xbF'} cfPsf] lyof] . lhNnfdf ^^ se]Lsf] ;KnfO{ xbF'f st} tf/ r8'b\f !* 306f;Dd ljhn ' L alQ ko|fu]df cfpg ;ss ] f] lyPg . lhNnfaf;Lx?nfO{ cWFof/fa]f6 dQ'm ug{ To;sf] as } lNks Aoj:yfksf nflu ljBt' kf|lws/0f sfe]| zfvfn] kgft}Lsf] vfk]f;Ldf ;a :6z ] g /fVg] k:|tfj u/s ] f] lyof] . ;fl]x k:|tfj cg;'f/ ljBQ' kf|lws/0fn] pQm Ifq]df ;a :6z ] g lgdf0{f ug]{ u/L ah6] ljlgofh ] g u/s ] f] ljBt' kf|lws/0f sfe]| zfvfsf kd|v ' /~hg/fh u? ' Ën] atfpg' eof] . kgft}Lsf] vfk]f;Ldf aGg] pQm ;a :6z ] gdf # Pd le Psf] ##÷!! se]Lsf] ;KnfOs { f nflu cfjZos kj'fw{f/ lgdf0{f xg'5] . gk]fn ljBt' kf|lws/0f sfe]| zfvfn] cfqmfds zn } Ldf ljBt' rx'fj6 lgoGq0f, ddt{ ;Def/sf] sfo{ ul//xs ] f] 5 . sfofn { o kd|v ' /~hg/fh u? ' Ën] aSoft}f c;n ' , rf/]L lgoGq0f, dlSsPsf kfn ] x?sf] ddt{ nufotsf sfox{? lg/Gt/ ul//xs ] f] atfpg' eof] . rx'fj6 lgoGq0f 6fn ] Ln] ay]fgrfs ] nufot ljleGg :yfgx?df 58s \ ] rs ] hfr F ug{] qmddf bU'w tyf t/sf/L ;xsf/L ;:+yf, 3/ cflbaf6 rx'fj6 u/s ] f laleGg uf|xsx?af6 rf/]Ldf ko|fu] ul/Psf ;fdfgx? a/fdb u/s ] f] 5 .

To:t} wl'nvn ] @ /ljcfk]L nufot ljleGg :yfgx?df lgoldt 58s \ ] rs ] hfr F ubf{ lahn ' L cgflwst[?kdf rf/]L u/s ] f] ul//xs ] f] ljBt'Lo ;fdfuL|x? hkmt ePsf] 5 . To;u}/L cGo uf|xsx?nfO{ rt]fjgL lbg] / 3/df h8fg xl'sª tf/x? x6fOP{sf] 5 .

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k"j{ c/lgsf] sDkgL k|f=ln hGd, afNosfn,cf}krfl/s lzIffM sfe|]knf~rf]s lhNnfsf] ;fljs gfl;sf ;fFuf ufpF ljsf; ;ldlt j8f gDj/ ! e+};]kf6Ldf d]/f] hGd @)@^ ;fn ebf}df eof] . rqmHof]tL k|fljdf sIff % ;Dd, lzIff ;bg lgdfljdf sIff & ;Dd, cfhfb dfWolds ljBfnodf sIff * / dx]Gb| dflj ;fFufdf sIff ( / !) sf] cWoog ;sfPF . d sfG5f] ;Gtfg lyPF . tLg ;Gtfg dWo] lbbL Ps / bfO{ Ps dWo] bfO{sf] @)#^ ;fndf lgwg eof] . ul/a kl/jf/df d]/f] hGd eof] . dWod :t/ lyof] . vfg klg wf}–wf} lyof] . Tolta]nf ljBfnodf k9fpg' k5{ eGg] lyof] t/ s:tf] / slt k9] kl5 x'G5 eGg] lyPg . P;Pn;L;Ddsf] cWoog ;sfP/ yk cWoog ug{] cj;/ ddf h'6]g . yf]/} v]ltkftL lyof] . cfDbfgLsf] c? >f]t lyPg . ljBfnodf ltg{' kg{] z'Ns, ljBfnodf vfg' kg{] l6lkmgsf nflu k};f x'bF }g lyof] . ljz]ifu/L rf8af8sf nflu df6f] lng cfpg] / lsga]r x'GYof] . uf8Ldf df6f] af]lslbP afkt k};f cfpFYof] . ljxfge/L df6f] af]Sg] cfkm\gf] vr{ Ps ?k}ofF ePkl5 kms{]/ ljBfno hfg] u/]sf] lyPF . w]/} k6s d}n] df6f] ljqmL u/]/ :s"n uPsf] 5' . clns 7'nf] ePkl5 t d}n] df6f]sf] 7]Ssf lnP/ sf7df8f}+;Dd k'¥ofPF . ljBfno cWoog ubf{ub{} d}n] aflif{s % xhf/;Dd sdfPsf] lyPF . Tof] k};f xft kbf{ cfkm} b+u k/]sf] lyPF . 6«ofS6/ ef8fdf lnP/ df6f] nf]8 ug{] / sf7df8f}+df nu]/ ljqmL ug{] u/]sf] lyPF . Tof] sfd ;w} x'bF }g lyof] . rf8jf8sf a]nf dfq} df6f] ljqmL x'g] ePsfn] d}n] z'?df cfkm} af]s]/ Ps ?k}ofF k};f lng] u/]+ kl5 cfkm} To;sf] lhDd]jf/L lnP/ sfd u/]+ . To;sf] Pp6} p2]Zo lyof] kl/jf/nfO{ cfly{s ?kn] ;an agfpg] eGg] xf] . Tolta]nf 5f]/LnfO{ ljBfno k7fpg' k5{ eGg] lyPg . lbbLn] cWoog ug{] cj;/ kfpg' ePg . bfh' klg rfF8} laTg' eof] . d PSnf] 5f]/f ePF . d]/f] nflu h;/L eP klg k9fpg' k5{ eGg] ;f]r cleefjssf]df lyof] . pxfFx? v]tL u/]/ eP klg dnfO{ ljBfno k7fO{ /xg' x'GYof] . ljxfg p7]/ 3/sf] sfd ug{] u/]sf] lyPF . vfgf cfkm}+ ksfP/ ljBfno hfg' kb{Yof] . Ps ?k}of k};f gx'bF fsf] kL8f cfkm\g} 7fpFdf 5 . ksfpg cN5L nfUbf ef]s} kl/GYof] . d}n] gksfpFbf a'af cfdf v]taf/Laf6 cfpFbf pxfFx? klg ef]s} kg{' x'GYof] . dnfO{ clxn] klg ksfpg cN5L nfUb}g . ;a}eGbf ld7f] vfgf d agfpF5' . ld7f] df;' ksfpg] 3/df d g} xf] . ljxfg 3/df vfP/ uP kl5 Ps} k6s a]n'sf 3/df cfpFbf dfq} vfg kfO{GYof] . 3/ glhs} lyof] ljBfno . rqmHof]tL k|flj clxn]sf] j8f sfof{no ePsf] :yfgdf lyof] . Tof] ejg elTsP kl5 clxn] ePsf] :yfgdf agfpg z'? ubf{ xfdLn] O§f af]Sof}+ . cGo ;+/rgf lgdf{0fdf klg ;xof]u u¥of}+ . h'g ljBfnodf cWoog u/]+ Tolx ljBfnosf] clxn] cWoIf ePsf] 5' . cWoIf gx'bF f klg d}n] pQm ljBfno ejg lgdf{0fdf ;xof]u k'¥ofPF . ljb]zdf /x]sf d]/f cfkmGtaf6 klg ;xof]u ;+sng u/L lgdf{0f ;ldltsf] cWoIf /x]/ sfd u/]+ . c? cWoIf x'bF f klg ;xof]u u/]]+ . aRrfx?nfO{ vfhfsf] Aoj:yf klg ub{} 5' . gofF ejg lgdf{0fsf nflu klg d}n] ;Sbf] ;xof]u u/]+ . ljBfnonfO{ s;/L /fd|f] ug{ ;lsG5 eGg] ;f]rn] s[oflzn 5' . d c;fWo} ;f] e mf] lyPF . lzIfsx?n] klg dfof ug{ ' x' G Yof] . wgdfof ld; x' g ' x ' G Yof] . pxfF n ] %) xhf/ ?k} o fF s f] cIfosf] i f /fVg' ePsf] 5 . pxfF s f] rfxgf To;af6 k| f Kt ePsf] Aofhn] lgDg cfo ePsf ljBfyL{ x ?sf nflu ;xof] u k' ¥ ofpF 5 ' eGg' ePsf] 5 . ;a} lzIfs lzlIfsfx? ;xof] u L x' g ' x ' G Yof] . rqmHof] t Ldf sIff ^ cWoog ug{ ] cj:yf lyPg . ag] k fdf cfkmGt klg ePsfn] d} n ] lzIff ;bgdf egf{ ePsf] lyPF . lzIff ;bg klg lgdflj txsf] sIff & ;Dd dfq} lyof] . ToxfF kl5 cfhfb dfWolds ljBfnodf k' u ] + . a; sd rNYof] . ljBfyL{ x ?nfO{ a;df r9fpF b } g lyP . lx8] / } ag] k f cfpF b f slxn] s fF l x l9nf x' G Yof] . km/s km/s ljBfno, km/s km/s ;fyLx?sf] ;+ u t x' G Yof] . lzIff ;bgaf6 cfhfb cWoog ul//xF b f sl7g h:t} eof] . sIff * plQ0f{ u/] k l5 ;fF u fd} /x] s f] dx] G b| dfWolds ljBfnodf egf{ ePF . 3/af6 clns glhs ePsfn] ;xh lyof] . w] / } ljBfno km] / ] klg ;fyLx? km/s km/s eP klg ljBfno txdf cg' Q L0f{ eO{ g \ . cWoog 5f8\ g dg klg nfu] g . P;Pn;L lbP nuQ} d sf7df8f} + d f u' b kfs e08f/df sfd ug{ uPsf] lyPF . dfl;s # ;o ?k} o fF

s]lx ;fyLx? vlNte/L k};f af]s]/ lx8\y] . plgx? vfhf vfg hfGy] . d st} hflbgF lyPF . s;}sf] kl5 nfu]/ vfp eGg] nfUb}g lyof] . plgx?n] hfp eGbf klg d hfFlbgF lyPF . ;fg}b]lv :jfledfg lyof] . k| f Kt x' G Yof] . 3/df To;} a:g' eGbf sfd u/] s f] /fd| f ] eGg] ;f] r n] cfkmGts} ;xof] u df sf7df8f} uPsf] lyPF . bfO{ ljTg' ePkl5 dnfO{ clns w] / } dfof

eof] . cleefjsn] slxNo} s' 6 \ g ' ePg . ltxf/sf] a] ] n f tLg lbg d ljleGg v] n x? v] n ] / } ljtfpg] u/] s f] lyPF . cefjdf klg d} n ] slxNo} nfdf] xft ul/gF . ;fF u fdf k' u ] k l5 dnfO{ ;fyLx?n] vr{ u/] s f] b] V bf cfkm' sdhf] / ePsf] cg' e " l t eof] . s] l x ;fyLx? vlNte/L k} ; f af] s ] / lx8\ y ] . plgx? vfhf vfg hfGy] . d st} hflbgF lyPF . s;} s f] kl5 nfu] / vfp eGg] nfUb} g lyof] . plgx?n] hfp eGbf klg d hfF l bgF lyPF . ;fg} b ] l v :jfledfg lyof] .

P;Pn;L vf;} /fd| f ] ePg . cWoogsf] cj;/ lyPg . 3/df hlt cWoog u¥of] Tolts} e/df P;Pn;L lbg' kb{ Y of] . klxnf] k6s d km] n ePF . km] n eP nuQ} d sf7df8f} + uP/ sfd u/] + . Psjif{ sf7df8f} + d f sfd u/] kl5 km] / L P;Pn;L lbPF . km] / L klg km] n ePF . t] > f] k6s dfq} d P;Pn;L kf; u/] + . clGtd k6s kf; eP kl5 v' z L ePF . t/ yk cWoog ug{ ] cj;/ lyPg . ljBfno txdf ag] k fdf cWoog ubf{ lel8of] x] g { hfg] u/] s f] lyPF . a/flnP/, cleefjsnfO{ b' M v lbP/, ;fyLx?;F u emu8f u/] / st} uO{ g F . a' a fcfdf;F u l;w} af] N g klg ;lsb} g lyof] . pxfF x ?sf] lgb{ ] z g, dfu{ bz{ g sf cfwf/df cuf8L a9\ g ] u/] s f] lyPF . d] / f] v' z Lsf nflu d} n ] u/] s f] lg0f{ o df pxfF x ?sf] ;fy / ;xof] u lyof] . P;Pn;Lsf] xfpu' h L pxfF x ?df klg lyof] . lr6 rf] / ] / kf; ug{ ;lsG5 eGg] klg lyof] . t/ d} n ] lr6 klg rf] g { ;lsgF . n] V g klg ;lsgF . hlt n] v ] + To;n] k' u ] s f] /x] g 5 km] n ePF . z' ? df lalu| P sfn] dnfO{ km] n x' G 5' h:tf] nfUof lyof] . P;Pn;Lsf a] n f xfdL clns w] / } ;do cWoog ug{ ] u/] s f lyof} + .

P;Pn;L kl5M P;Pn;L lbP/ sf7df8f} + d f sfd ug{ yfn] + . cfkmGtsf] ;xof] u df u' b kfs e08f/df sfd ug{ yfn] s f] lyPF . # ;o ?k} o fF lyof] dfl;s . vf; ufx| f ] lyPg . plgx?s} 3/df a:g] cj;/ k| b fg ul/Psf] lyof] . Ps dlxgf k' u ] kl5 dfl;s tna lnP/ d 3/ cfpg nfu] s f] lyPF . ! ;osf gofF gofF gf] 6 # j6f k5f8L uf] h Ldf /fv] / c? s] l x k} ; f csf{ ] vlNtdf /fv] / /Tgkfs{ a f6 a; r9] + . Tof] a; sfe| ] s f] eP klg ljqmL ePsfn] l7dL;Dd dfq} rNbf] /x] 5 . s] l x If0fd} r9] / cf] n { b f d] / f] kfs] 6 df/] / k} ; f rf] / L eP5 . d /f] P F . s] l x l;k nfUb} g lyof] . hLjgdf Tof] kL8fbfoL 36gf eof] . Tof] k} ; f cfdfnfO{ ]

8fo/L dgsf] df]tL/fd ltdlN;gf lbg NofPsf] lyPF . 3/df cfpF b f cfdfnfO{ Tof] s' / f eg] + . cfdfsf] cg' x f/ x] / ] / dnfO{ cfF z ' cfof] . tLg ;o x/fpF b f w] / } /sd x/fPsf] cg' e " l t eof] .

To;n] kf7 klg l;sfof] . Tof] a ] n f b] l v slxNo} d} n ] k5f8L s] l x ;fdfg /flVbgF . @@$$ gDj/sf] ldlga; lyof] Tof] . cem} si7:y 5 Tof] gDj/ .

Tof] 36gfaf6 hLjgdf s] l x gofF cg' e " l tx? eP . k} ; f eGbf klg cfdfsf] cg' x f/ kl/jt{ g ePsf] b] ] v ] k l5 dnfO{ kL8f eof] . Tof] d] / f] hLjgsf] cljZd/0fLo If0f xf] .

ToxfF Ps jif{ sfd u/] s f] lyPF . @)$^ r} q dlxgffsf] s' / f xf] . ljbfdf 3/ cfPsf] lyPF . cfdfn] sf7df8f} + d f cfGbf] n g ePsfn] pxfF n ] k7fpg' ePg . kl5 af} 4 df Pshgf bfh' s f] a/km agfpg] sfddf nfu] . ^ dlxgf ToxfF sfd u/] + . ca cfkm\ g } sfd ug{ ' k5{ eGg] p2] Z on] sf7df8f+ } a f6 3/ kmls{ P F . To;kl5 3/ glhs} /x] s f] Pp6f 38] / L ljqmL u/] + . hUuf lsga] r ubf{ ub{ } d} n ] oftfoft If] q sf] sfd ug{ yfn] + . oftfoft If]qdf k|j]zM @)%) ;fndf d} n ] klxnf] k6s oftfoft If] q df k| j ] z u/] s f] ] lyPF . 38] / L ljqmL u/] / hDdf ePsf] yf] / } k} ; f dfq} lyof] . dfdfsf] 5f] / f lh/L hfg] a;df s08S6/sf] sfd ub{ y ] . p;s} ;Nnfx / ;xof] u df d} n ] oftfoft If] q df sfd ug{ ] of] h gf agfPF . Tolx of] h gf cg' ; f/ ag] k fdf /fduf] k fn z] k f{ bfO{ ; F u yf] / } k} ; f lbP/ pwf/f] d f 6« s lsg] + . @ nfv ?k} o fF gub / # nfv pwf/f] lyof] . hUuf ljqmL u/] / @ nfv ?k} o fF cfPsf] lyof] . s] l x k} ; f lbP/ s] l x k} ; f Aofh ltg{ ] u/L lsg] s f] 6« s n] /fd| f ] sdfO{ u¥of] . hd{ g L 6« s kfj/ luo/ lyof] . le/kfvf h:tf] ; ' s } sRrL ;8sdf klg k' U Yof] . To;n] dnfO{ ;xh agfof] . 6« s ;F u } d} n ] csf{ ] dx] G b| lgzfg uf8L lsg] + . uf8L lsg] / cfkm} rnfpg yfn] + . /flt * ah] ;' t ] / /flt !! ah] p7] / afF : 8f] n hfg] u/] s f] lyPF .

ToxfF a f6 t/sf/L sf7df8f} + d f k' ¥ ofP/ ljxfgsf] /flt Tolx kms{ g ] u/] s f] lyPF . t/sf/L lnP/ sf7df8f} uPsf s[ i fsx? ljxfg e} + ; L b' x ' g 3/df cfO{ k ' U g' x' G Yof] . To;n] klg dnfO{ w] / } cg' e j lbof] . d] x gt ug{ l;sfof] . ;' T g] eg] ] s f] # 306f dfq} lyof] . Tolta] n f d} n ] c;fWo} w] / } b' M v u/] + . cfly{ s cj:yf sdhf] / ePsfn] d] x gt g} k| d ' v s' / f lyof] . d] x gt kl5 k} ; f sdfpg ;xh 5 eGg] a' e m] s f] lyPF . a' a f cfdfn] dnfO{ ;w} ;xof] u dfq} ul//xg' eof] . 38] / L ljqmL u/] / lsg] s f] 6« s n] s] l x ;xh agfP kl5 dx] G b| lgzfg lsg] s f] lyPF . kl5 a;df ;fem] b f/L ug{ ;kmn ePF . @)%$ ;fndf a; lsg] + . ;fyLefO{ x ?sf] ;fem] b f/Ldf lslgPsf] a; lyof] Tof] . cfkm} s08S6/ ag] / sfd u/] + . Psjif{ hlt s08S6/ u/] kl5 @))% ;fnaf6 cfkm} gofF a; agfpg z' ? u/] + . ag] k fsf /ljGb| ef~hf / d ldn] / a; agfof} + . @))( ;Dd xfdLn] w] / } a; agfP/ ljqmL ljt/0f u¥of} + .

To;af6 d} n ] oftfoft If] q df km8\ s f] df/] + . Tolta] n f h:tf] ;xh clxn] oftfoft If] q df 5} g . l6« k x' F b } g lyof] . b} l gs a; rNb} g lyof] . lh/Ldf kfnf] k| 0 ffnL lyof] . %) lbg b] l v ^) lbg;Dd uf8L l86] g df a:g' k 5{ . clxn] klg To:t} 5 . c/lgsf] a; l/he{ cfpF 5 . c/lgsf] d f rnfPsf :6fkmx? hxfF klg rnfpg ;Ifd x' G 5g\ . ef/tsf ljleGg :yfgdf l/he{ hfg] cj;/ cfpF 5 . a;sf] cj:yf tGb' ? :t x' G 5 . a;x?sf] dd{ t , rfnsx?sf] dfgl;s ?kdf ;Ifdtf / cf/fd h?/L 5 . kfnf] k| 0 ffnLdf a;x? ;w} gofF x' G 5g\ . b} l gs ;+ r fng u/] / k| l t:kwf{ u/fpg' eg] s f] b' 3 { 6 gf lgDTofpg' dfq xf] . @% jif{ s f] cg' e jn] Tolx eG5 . lgoldt kfnf] d f rnfpF b f c/lgsf] oftfoft ;] j f ;ldlt leqsf] Pstf sfod 5 . & j6f lhNnfdf xfd| f a;x? ;+ r fng eO{ / x] s f 5g\ . sf7df8f} , eQmk' / , sfe| ] , l;Gw' k fNrf] s , bf] n vf, /fd] 5 fk, cf] v n9' + u f, lrtjg nufot alb{ j f;sf s] l x If] q df xfd| f a;x? rln/x] s f 5g\ . lgoldt a;df sfd ul//xF b f d ;ldltdf cfa4 ePF . @)^# df klxnf] k6s ;b:o ePF . sf] i ffWoIf kbdf @ k6s k/flht ePF . t] > f] k6s cToflws dtn] ljhoL ePF . ;b:o, ;x–;lrj, sf] i ffWoIf, pkfWoIf x' F b } al/i7 pkfWoIf ePF . sDkgLdf ?kfGt/0f eP kl5 klg al/i7 pkfWoIf 5' . ut jif{ ; Dd d} n ] uf8L lsga] r ul//x] + . a;sf] cnfjf d} n ] 6« s ,

l6« k /, !@ rSs] uf8Lx?sf] klg sfd u/] + . ^ rSs] 6« s ;d] t u/] / w] / } ;jf/Lsf] lsga] r eof] . 9' j fgL klg ug{ ] u/] s f] 5' . s] l x l6« k /, !@ rSs] / b' O { j 6f a; 5g\ . a; ;fem] b f/Ldf 5 . k| f lndf uP kl5 d} n ] uf8Lsf] lsga] r sd u/] s f] ] 5' . l6k/x?sf] ;] j fnfO{ klg lg/Gt/tf lbPsf] 5' . uf8Ldf k} ; f hlt sdfof] Tolt dd{ t ul/g' k5{ . sdfO{ gePsf] eGb} dd{ t x' g 5f8] s f] 5 . ef] l n u/f} + n f eGb} 5f8] s f sf/0f b' 3 { 6 gf a9] s f] 5 . rfns, ;x rfnsnfO{ k| l zIf0f hlt lbP klg k' u ] s f] 5} g . klxnf cg' z f;g klg w] / } lyof] . clxn] vf; To:tf] b] l vb} g . c:j:y k| l t:kwf{ s f sf/0f klg To:tf 36gf x' g yfn] s f 5g' . lgoldt a;x?sf] dd{ t gx' g ' , rfnsx? lhDd] j f/ gaGg' To;sf] sf/0f xf] . g] k fns} gd' g f xf] c/lgsf] oftfoft ;] j f ;ldlt . clxn] klg gd' g f g} 5 . xfd| f ] ;ldltdf l;:6d 5 . lj/fdLx?sf] zt k| l tzt pkrf/ ;ldltn] ul/lbb} cfPsf] 5 . Aoj;foLx?sf] nufgL ;' / lIft ul/Psf] 5 . ofq' gx' F b f klg xfd| f ] ;ldltsf a;x?n] ;] j f pknAw u/fPsf 5g\ . dhb' / sf 5f] / f5f] / L / ;GtfgnfO{ klg ;] j f 5 . btf{ z' N s afx] s c? ?6 k/ld6sf gfddf ;ldltn] k} ; f lnPsf] 5} g . ;§f egf{ d f s] l x k} ; f lng] u/] s f 5f} + . k' / fgf uf8Lx? x6fpg] / gofF eGg] ;dodf s] l x k} ; f lng] ul/Psf] 5 . ;ldlt ca sDkgLdf kl/0ft ePsf] 5 . sfddf s] l x /fd| f ] ug{ ] k| o f; ePsf] 5 . ;ldltsf] gfddf ePsf] ;DklQ sDkgLdf x:tfGt/0f ePsf] 5} g . cem} /f] S sf 5 . ofq' x ?nfO{ ;xh ?kdf ;] j f pknAw u/fpg] of] h gfdf lg/Gt/ s[ o flzn 5f} + . xfdL c:j:y k| l t:kwf{ ub{ } g f} + . oftfoft;F u } d} n ] csf{ ] Aoj;fo klg z' ? u/] s f] 5' . Pp6f kfgL sDkgLnfO{ ldg/n jf6/sf] af] t n agfpg] sfd ul//x] s f] 5' . ;dosf] Aoj:yfkg u/] / Aoj;foLs ?kdf c? sfd ug{ ] of] h gfdf 5' . o;nfO{ klxnfsf] h:tf] ;lqmo ?kdf ug{ ;Sg] cj:yf 5} g . oftfoft If] q sf] Aoj;fo;F u } d} n ] ljBfnosf] ;' w f/df klg ;do lbg] of] h gf agfPsf] 5' . s] l x ;xsf/L / cGo ;fdflhs sfddf cfjZos ;xof] u / ;do lbg] 5 ' . k|]d / ljjfxM ljBfno hLjgdf k| ] d ug{ ] rng lyof] t/ d s] 6 Lx?;F u af] N g klg ;lSbg lyPF . kl5 klg To:tf] ePg . @)%) ;fndf bfO{ s f] ;fnLnfO{ eufP/ ljjfx u/] s f] lyPF . a' a f cfdfn] ljjfx ug{ ] eGbf eGb} d} n ] eufP/ ljjfx u/] s f] x' F . k| ] d klg x} g , dfuL klg x} g efuL ljjfx lyof] Tof] . 3/ 5f8] / aflx/ lx8\ g ljjfx kl5 ;xh eof] . t/ Tof] kl/jf/ d] / f] nfdf] ;do;Dd l6s] g . c;dembf/Lsf aLr d} n ] @)%( ;fndf csf{ ] ljjfx u/] + . Tof] klg efuL ljjfx lyof] . b' O { kl/jf/af6 ^ ;Gtfg 5g\ . % 5f] / L / Ps 5f] / f 5g\ . ;a} cWoog ul//x] s f 5g\ . b' a } hgf cnu cnu 5g\ . aRrfx? ;a} cfkm} ; F u 5g\ . d] / f] kl5Nnf] kl/jf/;F u d al;/x] s f] 5' . kl/jf/sf ;a} ;b:ox?sf] ;fy / ;xof] u 5 . clxn] d] / f] ;a} Aoj;fo 5f] / fn] g} x] l //x] s f 5g\ . ;d' b fo / ;dfhdf s] l x ug{ ] ;f] r 5 . d] / f] ;jf/L ;fwg xf] ; \ jf c? s] l x ;xof] u ug{ ' kbf{ ul//x] s f] 5' . hLjgM ;+ 3 if{ . k|]dM hLjgsf] Pp6f c+ u xf] . ljjfxM k/Dk/f wfGg] ;F : s[ l t . hLjg ;fyL 5gf} 6 sf] dfWod . zfl//Ls ;DjGwM cfjZostf .

k|fO{d PkmPd !)$=% d]ufxh{sf] ljxfgL lrGtg sfo{qmd cGtu{t zlgjf/sf] lbg ul/Psf] JolQmsf] JolQmut hLjgsf ef]ufO{ af/]sf] s'/fsfgLsf] ;f/f+z . k|ltlqmofsf] nflu M motiramtimalsina@gmail.com

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o'jf;“u !) k|Zg e'jg /fodfemL eg]sf] l6djs{ klg xf] . oL ;a} s'/fsf] ;xh k|of]un] Aoj;fonfO{ Aoj:yfkg ug{ ;d:of 5}g . · g]kfnL ljBfyL{x?sf] pRr lzIff cWoogdf lsg ljb]z /f]hfO xf] < klxnf] s'/f t g]kfnsf] z}lIfs gLlt xf], eg] bf]>f] eljZok|ltsf] lrGtf / t]>f] rn]sf] rng . log} tLg s'/fn] dflg; pRr lzIffsf nflu lab]z hfg cft'/ /xG5 . · tkfO{sf] sG;N6]lG;n] lbg] ;]jf s] s:tf x'g\ < s:tf ljBfyL{x?sf] /f]hfOdf tkfO{sf] sD;N6]G;L k5{ < xfd|f] sG;N6]G;Ln] lbg] ;'lawf eg]sf] z}lIfs k/fdz{ lbg] xf] h'g ljz]if ul/ lab]zL z}lIfs ;+:yf / pknAw ;'lawfsf af/]df . ;fy} le;f cKnfO{ / 8s'd]G6];gsf] sfd u5f}{+ . · ljBfyL{sf] /f]hfO{ k|foM s'g b]z 5 < tkfO{sf] ;+:yfn] s'g–s'g b]zsf] nflu sfd u5{ < ljBfyL{n] $ k|sf/n] pRr lzIffsf nflu lab]zsf sn]h o'lgel;{6L /f]Hg] ub{5g\ . c:6«]lnof cd]l/sf o'/f]k / To;kl5 cGo kb{5g\ . xfd|f] ;+:yfn] laz]ifu/L o'/f]ksf b]zx? kmf]s; u5f+}{ . h:t} lkmgNofG8, gj]{, k|mfG; nufot cGo eg] ahf/sf] dfu cg'?k c:6«]lnof Go'lhNofG8 h:tf b]zsf] sfd klg ug]{ ub{5f}+ . · b]zsf o'jf hgzlQm k9fO{ / /f]huf/Lsf nflu lab]z hfg] qmd a9\bf] 5 . o;n] t b]znfO{ 3f6f x'G5 lg x}g <

of] Psk|sf/sf] ;d:of klg xf] . b]zdf pRr lzIffsf] dfu wfGg g;Sg' / u'0f:t/Lotf gx'g' ;fy} /f]huf/Lsf] cj;/ gx'g'n] klg o'jfx? ljleGg axfgfdf lab]lzg afWo ePsf x'g . t/ o;sf] ;sf/fTds kf6f] eg]sf] b]zdf /]ld6\ofG; leq]sf] 5 lab]zaf6 kmls{bf s]xL cfly{s pkfh{g / ;Lk ;fy} z}lIfs of]Uotf af]s]/ kmls{g klg ;S5g\ ca plgx?nfO kmsf{pg g]kfn ;/sf/n] s]xL ;f]Rg h?/L klg 5 . · o'jf / k|]d Ps csf{sf kof{o x'g\ < cfhef]lnsf] o'jfx?sf] k|]d lsg lbuf] /xGg“ < o'j cj:yfdf k|]d x'g' clt ;fdfGo s'/f xf] . cyf{t o'jf / k|]dnfO{ Pscsf{sf kof{o dfGg ;lsG5 . o'jf cj:yfsf] k|]d lbuf] gx'g' eg]sf] kl/kSjtfsf] sdL / cgfjZos rfxgf g} xf] eGg ;lsG5 . · cGTodf============ b]z cfly{s ?kfGt/0fsf] cj:yfdf 5 . o'jfn] cfˆgf] l;ksf] ;b'kof]u ug{' cfjZos 5 . ;a}n] cf–cfˆgf] 7fpFaf6 plrt of]ubfg ug]{ xf] eg] ;Da[4 g]kfnsf] ;kgf ;fsf/ x'G5 .

sf7df8f} + ljZjljBfnosf] kRrL;f+ } bLIffGt ;df/fx] Plzog nfO{kmn] kRrL; jif{df #! xhf/ ( ;o $# hgf bLlIft w'lnv]n÷sf7df8f}F ljZjljBfnosf] kRrL;f}F bLIffGt ;df/f]xsf] bf];|f] r/0fsf] sfo{qmd z'qmaf/ w'lnv]ndf ;DkGg ePsf] 5 . bLIffGt ;df/f]xdf cf6\{;\, Phs ' ;]g, OlGhlgol/ª, n, Dofgh ] dG]6 / ;fOG; ljwfsf ljBfyLx{¿ bLlIft ePsf 5g\ . dl]8sn ;fOG;sf ljBfyLx{¿nfO{ klxnf] r/0fsf] sfoq{mdd} bLlIft u/fOPsf] eP klg aLkL6L -Aofrn/ ckm lkmlhofy]/]fkL_ sf !@ hgf :gfts ;dt] bLlIft ePsf 5g\ . bLlIft ePsf dWo] !^ hgf kLPr8L / %% hgf Pdlkmn;lxt :gfts / :gftsfQ]/ txsf ! xhf/ % ;o $^ hgfn] pkflw lnPsf 5g\ .

To; dWo] cf6;\{s \ f @ ;o !!, Phs ' ;]gsf ! ;o ^*, OlGhlgol/ªsf # ;o &!, nsf $!, Dofgh ] dG]6sf $ ;o *# / ;fOG;sf @ ;o ^) hgf /xs ] f 5g\ . bLlIft ePsf dWo] k? ' if * ;o ^& / dlxnf ^ ;o &( hgf 5g\ . kl|tztsf

cfwf/df k? ' ifsf] kl|tzt %^=)* / dlxnfsf] kl|tzt $#=(@ /xs ] f] 5 . ;df/fx]df pTsi[6 ljBfyL{ rf/hgfnfO{ rfG;n/ :j0f{ kbs, efO; rfG;n/ :j0fk{bs, /0faxfb/' zfx :j0fk{bs / h4 ' axfb/' >i]7 :j0fk{bs kb|fg ul/Psf] lyof] . ;df/f]xdf NofG8 Dofg]hd]G6 ljifodf klxnf]k6s kLPr8L pkflw k|bfg ul/Psf] lyof] . g]kfnd} klxnf]k6s sfo{qmd ;'? ul/Psf] aLO{ Og s]ldsn OlGhlgol/ªsf :gftsx¿ klg ToxL sfo{qmddf klxnf]k6s bLlIft ePsf 5g\ . :s'n ckm naf6 aLaLPd PnPnaL u/]sf :gftsx¿nfO{ klg ToxL sfo{qmddf klxnf]k6s bLlIft ul/Psf] 5 . sfo{qmddf bLlIft ePsfx? dWo] ch]{lG6gf, ef/t, Oh/fon, hfkfg, s]Gof, dfnlbE;, kfls:tfg, l:j8]g, o'qm]g, a]nfot / cd]l/sf u/L !! b]zsf !# hgf ljBfyL{ ljb]zL 5g\ . b'j} r/0fsf] sfo{qmddf kRrL;f}F bLIffGt ;df/f]xdf # xhf/ ! ;o %) hgf bLlIft '6

s[lif ljsf; /0fgLltsf af/]df cled'vLs/0f w'lnv]n÷:yfgLo txsf] nflu s[lif ljsf; /0fgLlt cled'lvs/0f sfo{zfnf uf]i7L e"ld Aoj:yf, s[lif tyf ;xsf/L dGqfno k|b]z gDj/ # x]6f}8fsf] cfof]hgfdf ;DkGg ePsf] 5 . w'lnv]ndf cfof]lht sfo{qmd lhNnf ;dGjo ;ldlt sfe|]sf k|d'v p4j s];Lsf] cWoIftfdf ;DkGg ePsf] lyof] . s[lif ljsf; /0fgLlt s[lif If]qsf] ljsf;sf nflu /0fgLltsf af/]df s[lif lj1 u0f]zs'df/ >]i7n] sfo{kq k|:t't u/]sf lyP . sfo{qmddf lhNnfsf :yfgLo txsf k|d'v, pkk|d'v, k|zf;lso clws[t, s[ l if;F u ;DjGwLt ljleGg If] q sf AolQmx?sf] ;xeflutf /x]sf] lyof] . s[lif

ljsf; /0fgLlt sfof{Gjog tyf s[lif k|fljlwsx?nfO{ tflnd k|bfg cfof]hgf ug{], :yfgLo txdf ug{] sfo{qmdx?sf af/]df ;dGjo cfjZos /x]sf] lgZsif{ lgsflnPsf] lyof] . g]kfnsf] s[lif If]qsf] jt{dfg cj:yf, s[lifsf] dxTj /fli6«o cy{tGqdf s[lif, s[lif If]qdf nufgLsf] dxTj, r'gf}tL tyf ;Defjgfx?, k|b]z # df s[lif If]qsf] jt{dfg cj:yf / s[lif ljsf; /0fgLltsf af/]df 5nkmn ul/Psf] lyof] . sfo{ q md ;fg' e fO{ s] ; Ln] ;+rfng ug{' ePsf] lyof] . sfo{qmddf lhNnf ;dGjo ;ldlt sfe|]sf pkk|d'v d~h' uf}td, d08g b]pk'/ gu/kflnsf k|d'v 6f]saxfb'/ jfO{jf nufotsf] ;xeflutf /x]sf] lyof] .

dfnkf]t sfof{no sfe|]knf~rf]saf6 hf/L ePsf] hUuf xsbfjL ;DaGwL @% lbg] ;fj{hlgs ;"rgf sf=k=lh= 6's'rf gfnf uf=lj=; j8f g+= # a:g] k|]ddfof >]i7n] d]/f] sfsL ;f;'cfdf rGb|dfof >]i7sf] ldlt @)&%.&.!! df lghsf klt rGb|axfb'/ >]i7 ldlt @)#^ ;fn cufl8 g} lg;Gtfg cj:yfdf d[To' ePsf], lgh bDkltx? lhljt x'Fbf x]/rfx kfngkf]if0f d]/f klt xl/z/0f >]i7af6 x'Fb} cfPsf]df klt xl/z/0f >]i7sf] ldlt @)&!.!@.@) df d[To' ePkl5 d lgj]lbsfn] lgh h=w=rGb|dfof >]i7sf] x]/rfx, kfngkf]if0f ul//x]sf] cj:yfdf lghsf] klg ldlt @)&%.&.!! df d[To' ePsf] x'Fbf lghsf gfddf btf{ sfod ePsf] 6's'rf gfnf j8f g+= # ls=g+= @$ sf] hUuf d]/f] gfddf gfd;f/L u/L kfpF egL dfu lgj]bg k]z u/]sf] b]lvFbf d[ts h=w= rGb|dfof >]i7sf] lg;Gtfg cj:yfdf d[To' ePsf] xf] jf xf]Og < lghsf] lhljt cj:yfdf kfngkf]if0f / d[To'kl5 sfhlqmof sf]af6 ePsf] xf] < dfu lgj]bg adf]lhd pQm hUuf gfd;f/L ul/ lbFbf sf]lx s;}sf] xsef]udf afwf lj/f]w kg{] eP jf cGo xsbf/ sf]lx eP jf dfu lgj]bg adf]lhd gx'g' kg]{ eP of] ;"rgf k|sflzt ePsf] ldltn] #% lbgleq sfof{nodf pkl:yt eO{ dfu bfjL k]z ug{ ;/f]sf/jfnf ;a}df hfgsf/L u/fO{G5 . cGoyf lgodfg';f/ e} hfg]5 .

ePsf 5g\ . tLdWo] !$ b]zsf @ ;o %( hgf ljBfyL{ ljb]zL 5g\ . sfo{qmddf ;xs'nklt dfggLo lzIff, lj1fg tyf k|ljlwdGqL lu/L/fhdl0f kf]v/]nsf] cWoIftf /x]sf] lyof] . ;df/f]xdf k|d'v cltly k|l;4 lrlgofF j}1flgs tyf yfONofG8sf] a}Ísdf cjl:yt Pl;og OlG:6Ro'6 ckm 6]Sgf]nf]hLsf k|]l;8]G6 8f= O8]g jfO{ j'gn] bLIffGt ;Daf]wg ug{' ePsf] lyof] . xfn;Dddf sf7df8f}F ljZjljBfnoaf6 #! xhf/ ( ;o $# hgf bLlIft ePsf 5g\ . @% cf} bLIffGt ;df/f]xsf] klxnf] r/0fsf] sfo{qmd @)&^ d+l;/ ^ ut] z'qmaf/ rf}sf]6df ePsf] lyof] . ljZjljBfno cGtu{tsf & j6f :s'ndf !* xhf/ $ ;o #^ ljBfyL{ cWoog/t /x]sf 5g\ . tLdWo] ljZjljBfno cGtu{tsf :s'nx¿df * xhf/ $ ;o ^% / ;DaGwgk|bQ sn]h÷;+:yfdf ( xhf/ ( ;o &! 5g\ .

u¥of] b'3{6gf jLdfsf] /sd x:tfGt/0f

ag]kf÷Plzog nfO{km O{G:of]/]G; sDkgLn] b'3{6gf ljdf /sd afkt d[tssf] kl/jf/nfO{ x:tfGt/0f u/]sf] 5 . ljldt b]jLdfof g]jf/sf] d[To' kZrft ljdf afktsf] /sd /u+nfn g]jf/nfO{ sDkgLsf k|b]z # sf k|d'v nf]s/fh hf]zLn] r]s x:tfGt/0f ug{' ePsf] lyof] . b]jLdfof g]jf/sf] ut sflt{s !@ ut] b'3{6gfdf d[To' ePsf] lyof] . d[ts kl/jf/nfO{ jLdf afktsf] /sd ! nfv @# xhf/ ( ;o x:tfGt/0f ul/Psf] lyof] . d[tsn] %! xhf/sf] aLdf+ssf] aLdf ug{' ePsf] O{G:of]/]G; sDkgLsf ag]kf zfvf k|d'v afa's[i0f kGtn] hfgsf/L lbg'eof] .

ag]kf÷;/sf/sf k|jQmf Pj+ ;" r gf tyf ;+ r f/dGqL uf] s ' n k| ; fb af:sf]6fn] lzIff pTkfbg, >d k|0ffnL / >d k|0ffnLnfO{ ;Ddfg ug{] k2tL;Fu hf]l8g' kg{] atfpg' ePsf] 5 . g]kfn /fli6«o lzIfs ;+u7g sfe|]sf] cfof]hgfdf k|wfgfWofksx?sf nflu …u'0f:t/Lo lzIffM cfhsf] cfjZostfÚ ljifos Ps lbg] cGt{lqmof sfo{qmddf af]Nb} dGqL af:sf]6fn] ;a} lrhsf] ldof] lzIff ePsfn] rfns l;6 h:t} agfpg dGqL af:sf]6fn] cg'/f]w ug{' eof] . …/fhgLlts Aoj:yfnfO{ ;d[4 agfpFb} cy{tGqnfO{ ;dfhafb pGd'v agfpg ;/sf/n] k|ltj4 5Ú–dGqL af:sf]6fn] eGg' eof]–…;dfhafbsf] lzNofGof; lzIffaf6} x'g' k5{ .Ú b'O{ 7'nf kf6L{ g]skf / g]kfnL sf+u|];n] ;d]t ;dfhafbdf hfg] lg0f{o ul/;s]sfn] ;/sf/n] ;dfhafb pGd'v sfo{ ul//x]sf] dGqL af:sf]6fn] atfpg' eof] . …cfly{s, /fhgLlts, ;fdflhs, ;:s[lt ;lxtsf] ;d[4 g]kfn lgdf{0fdf cfTdlge{/ ;lxtsf] /fli6«o cy{tGq lgdf{0f ub{}5f}+Ú–dGqL af:sf]6fn] eGg' eof]–…ljBfnoaf6} ;dfhsf ;a} If]qsf] k|ltlglwTj ug{], AolQmTj lbzfaf]w u/fpg] / c;n gful/s pTkfbg ug{] sf/vfgfsf ?kdf lzIffnfO{ lnO{G5 .Ú ;/sf/n] lzIffdf 7n ' f] nufgL u/s ] f] atfpbF} dGqL af:sf6]fn] To;sf] ;bk'ofu] ug{ h?/L /xs ] f] dGqL af:sf6]fn] atfpg' eof] . …/fdf|] c?af6 vfH]g,] g/fdf|] ns ' /] cfkm} ug]{ kj|l[Q lzIfsx?af6} x6g\' k5Ú{–kz ] fut ;3+ ;u+7gsf gfddf lzIfs eP/ cGo kz ] f u/L lzIffnfO{ abg\fd ug'{ xbF'g} .Ú ei|6frf/ lj?4sf] lzIff ljBfno txaf6} lbg' kg]{ atfpbF} dGqL af:sf6]fn] lzIffsf] u0'f:t/ cu+|h ] L efiffnfO{ dfq} lng gxg'] atfpg' eof] . …efiff dfWod dfq} xf,] u0'f:t/ AolQmn] l;hg{f ug,{] hLjgofkg ug]{ / l;k cfhg{ ug{ ;Sg' dxTjk0"f{ xfÚ]–bz ] sf] ;Gbe{tf;uF lzIffsf] u0'f:t/ hfl]8g' k5{ .Ú lzIff gLltn] ;a} s/'f

;Dafw]g ug{ g;ss ] f] eP klg w/]} s/'f ;dl]6Psfn] To; dfkmt{ dn ' s ' n] vfh ] s ] f] bz ] / kl/jz ] lrgfpg] nIo k/'f ug{ ;xh xg'] pxfn F ] atfpg' eof] . …gk]fndf sflnu9 nufotsf yk'|} hgzlQm cGo dn ' s ' af6 cfpg' kg]{ afWotf 5, ef/tn] dfq} /l]d6o\fG; leqo\fpg] dn ' s ' x?df gk]fnnfO{ & cf} :yfgdf /fvs ] f] 5Ú–dGqL af:sf6]fn] eGg' eof–]…xfdLn] lbg] lzIff pTkfbg k0|ffnL;uF, >d k0|ffnL;uF, >d k0|ffnLnfO{ ;Ddfg ug]{ k4tL;uF hfl]8g' k5{ . /fli6o« cfTdlge/{tfsf] gLlt lnO/{xbFf >dsf] ;Ddfg ug'{ k5{ .Ú lzIffsf] gLlt Pp6} xg'' kg]{ atfpbF} dGqL af:sf6]fn] zl} Ifs ljeb] xg' gxg'] u/L kl|t:kwf{ ug{ ;Sg] lzIff pknAw u/fpg' kg]{ atfpg' eof] . lhNnfe/sf ;fd'bflos ljBfnosf k|wfgfWofksx?sf] ;xeflutf /xs ] f] pQm sfoq{mddf ljBfnosf] ku|lt / ;d:ofsf af/d]f kw|fgfWofksx?n] vn ' /] 5nkmn u/s ] f lyP . ;fdb'flos ljBfnosf] u0'f:t/ sfod a9fpg kw|fgfWofksx?sf] el"dsfsf af/d]f vn ' /] 5nkmn ug]{ u/L cfofh ] gf ePsf] sfo{ q mddf dGqL af:sf] 6 fn] kw|fgfWofksx?nfO{ clwsf/ ;DkGg u/fpbF} s/f/ ;Demft}f u/L sfo;{Dkfbgsf cfwf/df k/':st[ / sf/jfxL ugk{' g]{ atfpg' eof] . sfoq{md lzIfs ;u+7g sfes |] f cWoIf Zofdk;|fb kf08o]sf] cWoIftfdf ;DkGg ePsf] lyof] . sfo{qmddf lzIfs dxf;+3 /fli6«o ;ldltsf ltns s'Fj/, g]kfn /fli6«o lzIfs ;+u7gsf k"j{ s]lGb|o cWoIf dfwj clwsf/L, k|b]z # sf sf]iffWoIf uf]ljGb /]UdL, clvn g]kfn lzIfs ;+u7gsf cWoIf ab|L 9'+ufgf, lzIfs dxf;+3 sfe|]sf pkfWoIf ;fw'/fd bfxfn nufotn] dGtAo /fVg' ePsf] lyof] . sfo{qmddf dxfsfnL dflj, kfj{tL dflj, ;~hLjgL dflj, efn] Z j/ dfljsf k| w fgfWoifsx?n] ljBfnodf ePsf ultljlwx?sf] cg'ej k|:t't u/]sf lyP . sfo{qmddf :jfut dGtAo r]tk|;fb zdf{n] ug{' ePsf] lyof] eg] ;+rfng /fdrGb| yfkfn] ug{' ePsf] lyof] .

sfe] | dlxnf hl];hsf] /ht hoGtL

>Lv08k/' dfljsf] $! cf} + aflifs { fT];j >Lv08k'/÷w'lnv]n gu/kflnsf j8f gDj/ % df /x]sf] >Lv08k'/ dfWoflds ljBfnon] :yfkgfsf] $! cf}+ jflif{sf]T;j dgfPsf] 5 . sfo{qmddf lzIff ljsf; lgb]{zgfno k|b]z gDj/ # sf lgb]{zs rGb| k|;fb n'OF6]nsf] k|d'v cfltYotf /x]sf] lyof] eg] ljBfno Joj:yfkg ;ldltsf cWoIf czf]s rGb| uf]kfn wf]+h'sf] ;efkltTj /x]sf] lyof] . sfo{qmddf ljBfnosf k| w fgfWofks l8NnL/fd lg/f} n nfn] ljBfno k|ltj]bg k|:t't u/]sf lyP eg] ;xfos n]vfkfn rGb|fjtL kf08]n] cfly{s k|ltj]bg k|:t't u/]sL lyO{g\ . sfo{qmddf ;xfos k|wfgfWofks z+s/nfn clwsf/Ln]

:jfut dGtJo /fv]sf lyP . ljBfnosf] jflif{ssf]T;jsf] cj;/ kf/]/ cIfosf]if bftfx?sf] tkm{af6 kbs k'?:sf/ ;d]t k|bfg ul/Psf] lyof] . sfo{qmddf sIffut ?kdf klxnf], bf];|f] / t];|f] x'g] ljBfyL{x?nfO{ k'/:sf/ k|bfg ul/Psf] lyof] . o:t} ljBfnon] ;Grfng u/]sf] v]ns'b ;Ktfxdf pTs[i6 x'g] ljBfyL{, h]xGbf/ lhjBfyL{nfO{ cIfosf]if bftf, k|d'v cltyL, ljz]if cltyL, k"j{ k|wfgfWofks nufotn] k'/:sf/ k|bfg u/]sf lyP . sfo{qmddf ljBfyL{x?n] uLt, g[To nufotsf dgf]/GhgfTds k|:t'tL ;d]t k|:t't u/]sf lyP . sfo{qmdsf] ;Grfng lzIfsåo /d]z s'df/ dxt / lzj aGhf/fn] u/]sf lyP .

>L knf~rf]s eujtL dfWolds ljBfno kfFrvfn–(, eujtL:yfg, sfe]|

lzIfs cfjZostf k|yd k6s k|sflzt ldlt M @)&^÷(÷& lzIff ljsf; tyf ;dGjo OsfO{sf] ldlt @)&^.(.^ k=;+= )&^.&&, r=g+= !!@% sf] k|fKt cg'dlt kq tyf o; ljBfnosf] @)&^.(.& ut] a;]sf] ljJo;sf] a}7ssf] lg0f{ofg';f/ l/Qm dflj -;fljs pdflj_ cg'bfg s/f/df lzIfs kbk"lt{ ug{'kg{] ePsf] x'Fbf OR5's JolQmn] !% lbgleq cfjZos sfuhft ;lxt ljBfno ;dodf ljBfnodf b/vf:t lbg'x'g of] ;"rgf k|sflzt ul/G5 .

tkl;n != kb M lzIfs @= ;+Vof M ! #= tx M dflj cg'bfg -!!,!@_ $= ljifo M g]kfnL %= k/LIff b:t'/ M ?= @)))÷– ^= pd]/ M !* jif{ pd]/ k'/f eO{ $) jif{ ggf3]sf] &= Go'gtd z}lIfs of]Uotf M g]kfnL d"n ljifo lnO{ :gftsf]Q/ tx jf ;f] ;/x pQL0f{ *= ;]jfM cg'bfg s/f/ (= k/LIffsf] lsl;d M lnlvt / cGtjf{tf{ -cfjZos k/]df k|of]ufTds_ !)= k/LIff / cGtjf{tf ldlt M ;Dks{ ldltsf] lbg hfgsf/L u/fOg], !!= b/vf:t lbg] ldlt M@)&^.(.& ut] b]lv @)&^.(.@! ut];Dd !@= cfjZos sfuhft M gful/stfsf] k|ltlnlk @ k|lt, Go"gtd z}lIfs of]Uotfsf] k|df0fkqx? @÷@ k|lt, cWofkg cg'dlt kqsf] k|ltlnlk @ k|lt, lg/f]lutfsf] k|df0fkq ! k|lt !#= ;Dks{ ldlt / :yfg M @)&^.(.@@ ut], ljBfnodf .

;Dks{ M (*$##^#%*), (*%!)*^(&#

ag]kf÷sfe|] dlxnf h];Lhsf] /ht hoGtL tyf ;d'bfodf h];Lh sfo{qmd @)!( sf] ;dfkg ePsf] 5 . cWoIf holGt dfgGw/sf] cWoIftfdf ;DkGg sfo{qmddf g]kfn h]l;h Pl/of l;sf lekL h];L cldz 9sfnsf] k|d'v cfltYotf /x]sf] lyof] . sfo{qmddf @)@) sf /fli6«o cWoIf pDd]bjf/ ljsf; dfgGw/, g]kfn afn ;+ u 7gsf cWoIf /fds' d f/ d' N dL nufotsf AolQmx?n] dGtAo /fv]sf lyP . /ht holGtsf] sfo{qmdsf af/]df sfe|] dlxnf h];Lh @)!( sL cWoIf h];L dfgGw/n] hfgsf/L u/fpg' ePsf] lyof] . sfe|] dlxnf h]l;hsf] Oltxf;sf af/]df

sfe|] dlxnf h]l;hsL k'j{ cWoIf Pj+ g]kfn h]l;hsL k'j{ cWoIf h];L s[i0fKof/L gsdL{n] hfgsf/L u/fpg' ePsf] lyof] . sfo{qmddf dlxnf h];Lhsf k'j{ cWoIfx?nfO{ ;Ddfg ul/Psf] lyof] . ;fd'lxs ?kdf k'j{ cWoIfx?n] s]s sf6]/ /ht hoGtL dgfO{Psf] lyof] . /ht hoGtL cGt{ut zfvfn] jif{e/L ljleGg sfo{qmd cfof]hgf ul/Psf] lyof] . gf/L ;Ddfg, b'af]sf] dfnf agfpg] tflnd, lqm:6nsf] uxgf agfpg] b'O{ lbg] tflnd, Ps lbg] Ao'6Ll;og tflnd, bxL lrp/f sfo{qmd, dlxnf ;zlQms/0f nufotsf ;d'bfodf k|efjsf/L sfo{qmdx?sf] ;dfkg ul/Psf] cWoIf hoGtL dfgGw/n] hfgsf/L lbg'eof] .

dfnkf]t sfof{no sfe|]knf~rf]saf6 gfd;f/L ;DaGwdf xsbfjL ;DaGwL #% lbg] ;fj{hlgs ;"rgf sfe|]knf~rf]s lhNnf w'lnv]n g=kf= j8f g+= !@ a:g] df]xgnfn >]i7sf] gftL 1fgnfn >]i7sf] 5f]/f ljGb|nfn >]i7n] d]/f afa' 1fg nfn >]i7 ldlt )$^ ;fnb]lv a]kQf x'g'ePsf] vf]h tnf; ubf{ ;d]t km]nf gk/]sf] tyf xfn;Dd s'g} lr7Lkq ;d]t gcfPsf] cfdf k~rdfof >]i7 klg cGoq kf]On uPsf]n] d]/f afa' 1fg nfn >]i7sf gfpFdf btf{ sfod ;fljs zf/bf ( ls=g+= !!(% If]=km= )–&–)–) hUuf d Ps dfq xsbf/ 5f]/f ePsf]n] pQm hUuf d]/f] gfpFdf gfd;f/L u/L kfpF egL w'=g=kf= !@ sf] r=g+= %^# ldlt @)&^.(.! df ePsf] l;kmfl/;, gftf k|df0f, ;lh{ldg d'r'Nsf ;d]t ;+nUg u/L lgj]bg lbPsf] x'Fbf pQm hUuf lgj]bs ljGb|nfn >]i7sf gfpFdf gfd;f/L x'g] hUuf xf] xf]Og, lghsf cGo xsbf/x? 5 5}gg cGo xsbf/x? sf]lx eP of] ;"rgf k|sflzt ePsf] ldltn] af6f]sf] Dofb afx]s #% lbgleq cfkm";Fu ePsf] k|df0f;lxt pkl:yt x'g'xf]nf cGoyf lgj]bssf] dfu adf]lhd lgodfg';f/ gfd;f/L e} hfg] Joxf]/f ;"lrt ul/G5 .

&%

r]i6f ;fKtflxs

‘/fHosf] sg'} wd{ xb“'g}’–dGqL af:sf6]f

‘cGTo]li6 ug{ :yfg lbG5f}+’–gu/ k|d'v

ag]kf÷;/sf/sf k|jQmf Pj+ ;"rgf tyf ;+rf/ k|ljlw dGqL uf]s'n af:sf]6fn] /fHosf] s'g} wd{ gx'g] ePsfn] ;a} wd{k|lt /fHosf] ;dfg b[li6sf]0f /xg] atfpg' eof] . ag]kf–kgf}tL ;+o"Qm v|Li6 hGdf] T ;jsf] cfof] h gfdf cfof] l ht sfo{qmddf af]Nb} dGqL af:sf]6fn] /fHon] wfld{s cfZyfsf cfwf/df wd{, hflt, If]q ljz]if bdg gug{] atfpg' eof] . …/fHon] wfld{s cf:yfsf cfwf/df bdg ug{] 5}g, u/]sf] klg 5}g, wfld{s :jtGqtf ePsf] d'n'sdf ;dfg Aoxf/ x'G5Ú–;+rf/dGqL Pj+ ;/sf/sf k|jQmf uf]sn' af:sf]6fn] eGg' eof]–…:jflwg b]z lgdf{0fsf nflu ;/sf/ k|ltj4 5 .Ú e'uf]n, ;+:s[lt, ;d'bfo, ;Dkbf k|lt /fHosf] Pp6} dfGotf /x]sf] dGqL af:sf]6fn] atfpg' eof] . …wd{ cfkm} dfgj hfltsf lj?4 x' F b } g Ú–dGqL af:sf]6fn] eGg'eof]–…/fHon] s'g} Ps wd{nfO{ dfq ckgfPsf] 5}g . wfld{s ;lxi0f'tfsf] b]z ax'eflifs, ax';f+:s[lts, ax'ef}uf]lns ePsfn] s;}k|lt c;lxi0f' Aojxf/ x'g]5}g .Ú ag]kf gu/kflnsfsf k|d'v nIdLg/l;+ afb]n] ;a} wd{sf] nIo k|fKtL Pp6} ePsfn] AolQmsf] ;Ddfg / lhpg] cfwf/ Tolx nIon] lgwf{/0f ug{] atfpg' eof] . …lqmlZrog wd{ k|lt cf:yf /fVg]x?sf] cGToi6Lsf nflu eO{/x]sf]

;d:of k| l t gu/kflnsfn] hUuf Aoj:yfkg ug{] of]hgf agfPsf] 5Ú–gu/ k|d'v afb]n] eGg'eof]–…;a} wd{ / ;d'bfo k|lt gu/kflnsfn] ;dfg b[li6sf]0f /fVg]5 .Ú lqmlZrog ;d'bfon] Aoxf]b{} cfPsf ljljw ;d:of dWo] cGTo]i6L k|d'v ;d:of /x]sf] ;xeflux?n] atfPsf lyP . kfi6/ ?j] g /fgfn] lqmlZrog ;d' b fosf AolQmx?nfO{ wfld{s cfZyfsf cfwf/df aGbL agfPsf] eGb} dGqL af:sf]6f;Fu u'gf;f] ug{' ePsf] lyof] . pxfFn] k|wfgdGqL s]kL zdf{ cf]nLn] lnPsf] ;'vL g]kfnL ;d[4 g]kfn lgdf{0fsf] cleofgnfO{ k'/f ug{ nfluk/]sfn] pxfFsf] lz3| :jf:Yo nfesf] sfdgf ug{' epsf] lyof] . sfo{qmddf ag]kf / kgf}tLsf v|Li6 ;d'bfosf AolQmx?sf] pNn]Vo ;xeflutf /x]sf] lyof] . ;f+:s[lts sfo{qmd ;lxt cfof]hgf ul/Psf] pQm sfo{qmddf ag]kf gu/kflnsf pkk|d'v /]vf ;fksf]6f bfxfn, kf:6/ kl/R5]b zdf{ x'dfufO{, /frGb| ljz'Gs], s]zjaxfb'/ /fgf nufotn] dGtAo /fVg' ePsf] lyof] eg] ufos ljgf]b bg'jf/, uflosf ;'l:dtf /fO{ nufot] lut tyf ;+lut k|:t't u/]sf lyP . hgu0fgf @)^* cg';f/ lhNnfdf s'n hg;+Vofsf] !=&* k|ltzt cyft{ ^ xhf/ & ;o *# hgfn] pQm wd{ dfGb} cfPsf 5g\ . @)%* df pQm ;+Vof ! xhf/ ! ;o @* /x]sf] lyof] .

xflb{s awfO{

jif{ @$ jif{ c+@^s c+!^s @)&$ ( @)&^ kmfu'kf}gif #!)ut]ut]ljxLjf/ ljxLjf/

dgf:n'n] dgfof] t]>f] aflif{sf]T;j ag]kf÷dgf:n' art tyf C0f ;xsf/L ;+ : yf lnld6] 8 n] cfˆgf] :yfkgfsf] t]>f] jflif{s pT;j cgfy afnjflnsf;Fu dgfPsf] 5 . ;+:yfn] kgf}tL gu/kflnsf j8f gDj/ $ df /x]sf] XofkL lrN8«]g xf]ddf /x]sf cgfy afnjflnsf;Fu jflif{s pT;j dgfPsf] xf] . dgf:n' art tyf C0f ;xsf/Ln] afnjflnsfnfO{ v]ns'b tyf z}lIfs ;fdfu|L klg ljt/0f u/]sf] 5 . blnt pTkLl8t ;+34f/f ;Grflnt lrN8«]g xf]ddf afa'cfdf gePsf tyf afa'cfdf dWo] Ps gePsf !$ hgf cgfy jfnjflnsf /x]sf 5g\ . ;+:yfsf ;~rfns, kbflwsf/L / sd{rf/L jflif{s pT;j dgfpg lrN8«]g xf]ddf g} k'u]sf lyP . !$ jfnjflnsf dWo] ;a}eGbf sd pd]/sL aflnsfaf6 jflif{s

pT;jsf] s]s sfl6Psf] lyof] . cfly{s ;d[l4df dgf:n'sf] ;fy eGg] gf/fsf ;fy cl3 a9]sf] ;+:yfn] x/]s jif{ /rgfTds sfd ub}{ cfPsf] 5 . :yfkgfsf] klxnf] jif{ dgf:n'n] ag]kfsf ljleGg :yfgdf ^) eGbf a9L 8:6ljg /fv]sf] lyof] . bf];|f] jif{ eg] x/]s dlxgfsf] clGtd zlgjf/ ;/;kmfO{ sfo{qmd ug]{ lg0f{o ub}{ To;} cg';f/ ;/;kmfO{ sfo{qmd ub}{ cfO/x]sf] 5 . cfufdL lbgdf ;d]t of] sfo{qmdnfO{ lg/Gt/tf lbg] cWoIf cho x'dfufFOn] atfPsf 5g\ . z]o/ ;b:osf] cfly{s ;d[l4 klxnf] k|fyldstf ePklg ;fdflhs If]qdf ;d]t ;xof]u k'of{pg] ;+:yfsf] pb]Zo /x]sf] pgn] atfPsf 5g\ . cfufdL lbgdf klg ;fdflhs If]qdf yk gofF sfo{ ub}{ hfg] cWoIf x'dfufFOsf] egfO{ 5 .

;xsf/Lsf ‘tf/f’ /fdx/L ;Ddflgt

ag]kf÷;xsf/L If]qsf xl:t, lj1, ;xsf/Lsf tf/fsf ?kdf lrlgg] a'8f]n ;fd'bfoLs art tyf C0f ;xsf/L ;+:yfsf cWoIf Pj+ sfe|] knf~rf]s lhNnf art tyf C0f ;xsf/L ;3+sf cWoIf /fdx/L s];L ;Ddflgt x'g' ePsf] 5 . @)$$ ;fnb]lv ;xsf/L cfGbf]ngdf s[oflzn s];L lhNnf, k|b]z, /fi6« tyf cGt{/fli6«o If]qaf6 ;Ddflgt eO{;Sg' ePsf] 5 . pxfFn] g]t[Tj k|bfg ug{' ePsf ;xsf/L ;:yfx? cGt/fli6«o :t/df ;Ddflgt ;+:yfsf ?kdf lrlgG5g\ .

g]kfnsf] ;xsf/L cleofgdf @)$$ ;fnb]lv ;lqmo Pj+ g]kfn ;/sf/4f/f k|an hg;]jf>L kbsaf6 lje"lift ;xsf/L cleoGtf tyf o; k|f=ln=sf cWoIf /fdx/L s]=;L= g]kfn art tyf C0f s]lGb|o ;xsf/L ;+3 ln= g]km\:s"g_ sf] @* cf}+ jflif{s ;fwf/0f ;efsf] cj;/df g]km\:s"g ;+:yfks cWoIf k'/:sf/af6 ;DdfgLt x'g'ePsf]df xflb{s awfO{ 1fkg tyf z'esfdgf JoQm ub{5f}+ .

shf{ tyf Jofh r'Qmf ug{] ;DaGwL

!% lbg] ;fj{hlgs ;"rgf o; ;xsf/L ;:+yf ln=,agk]f, sfes |] f] ljleGg ;dodf C0f lnO{ kf|Kt uge{' Psf] C0fsf] ;fjFf, Jofh tfl]sPsf] Dofbdf rQ'mf ug'{ gePsf] / dfl}vs, lnlvt tyf ;:+yfut kl|tlglwaf6 e6]3f6 u/L af/Daf/ eGbf klg shf{ rQ'mf ug{ gcfpg' ePsfn ] ] shfs { f] ;fjFf tyf Jofh rQ'mf ul/lbgx'g' of] ;r " gf ks | flzt ul/Psf] 5 . ctM @)&^ kfi}f d;fGt leq o; ;xsf/L ;:+yfdf ;Dks{ /fvL ;Dk0"f{ C0fsf] ;fjFf, Jofh rQ'mf gu/d]f C0fLx?n] C0f lnbFf pknAw u/fPsf] lwtf] lnnfd ug]{ C0fL tyf hdfgL lbgs ] f] tLgk:'t] gfd;dt] shf{ ;r " gf sG]bs | f] sfnf] ;r " Ldf ;dfjz ] ug,{] kqklqsfdf ks | flzt ug]{ nufot C0f c;n ' pk/ u/L lngsf] nflu cGo sfgg"L sf/jfxLx? ;dt] canDag ul/g] Joxf/]f o;} ;r " gfaf6 hfgsf/L ul/G5 .

o'lg6L art tyf C0f ;xsf/L ;+:yf ln= ag]kf, sfe|] -do"/ xn;“u}_ kmf]g g+= )!!–^^!&%)

sd{rf/L cfjZostf lbuf] ljsf; art tyf C0f ;xsf/L ;+:yf ln=sf nfuL s]xL sd{rf/Lx? cfjZostf ePsfn] of]Uotf k'u]sf O{R5's AolQmx?n] cfkm\gf] jfof]8f6f ;lxt sfof{nodf ;Dks{ /fVg' xf]nf . s_ kb M Sofl;o/ ;Vof M ! hgf of]Uotf M lj lj P; jf ;/x v_ kb M l/;]K;lgi6 ;Vof M ! of]Uotf M Kn; 6' jf ;f] ;/x u_ kb M ahf/ k|a4{s ;Vof M % hgf dlxnf of]Uotf M P; O{ O{ jf ;f] ;/x tna M cfk;L ;dembf/Ldf kmf/d a'emfpg] clGtd ldlt M @)&^ kf}if !^ ut] cGt{jftf{ M @)&^ kf}if !& ut] ;do ljxfg !) M ah] cg'ejLnfO{ ljz]if k|fyldstf ;Dks{ M

lbuf] ljsf;sf art tyf C0f ;xsf/L ;+:yf ln= ag]kf & sfe|] kmf]g+= )!!–^^$&#), (*%!@@!%*&, (*$!))&(##

w'lnv]n÷a}}b]lzs /f]huf/df hfg] g]kfnL sfdbf/ / pgsf kl/jf/nfO{ ;'/lIft / pknAwLd'ns agfpg z'? ePsf] ;'/lIft cfk|jf;g kl/of]hgf -;fdL_ sfof{Gjogsf nflu ;]jf k|bfos ;+:yf / sfo{qmd sfof{Gjog x'g] :yfgLo txx?aLr ;Demf}tf ePsf] 5 . sfe| ] k nf~rf] s lhNnfsf w'lnv]n, d08gb]pk'/ gu/kflnsf, e'Dn' / /f]zL ufpFkflnsfdf pQm sfo{qmd nfu' x'g]5 . ;f]lx :yfgLo txx?df sfo{qmd ;+rfng ug{] u/L lhNnfdf /x]sf] lbuf] ljsf;sf nflu gful/s d~r -l;ljs kmf]/d_ n] cg'dlt k|fKt u/]sf] 5 . sfo{qmd ;+rfngsf nflu ePsf] k|lt:kwf{df l;ljs kmf]/dn] pRr gDj/ k|fKt u/L 5gf}6 ePsf] lyof] . a'waf/ ;fem]bf/ ;+:yf / :yfgLo txx? aLr ;Demf} t f ePsf] xf] . w' l nv] n gu/kflnsfsf gu/ k|d'v czf]s Aof~h', d08gb] p k' / gu/kflnsfsf k| d ' v 6f]saxfb'/ jfO{jf, e'Dn' ufpFkflnsf cWoIf u'dfgWjh s'Fj/, /f]zL ufpFkflnsfsf pkfWoIf nIdL atf{}nf, k|d'v k|zf;lso k|d'vx? tf/fgfy n'O{6]n, k|0f/fh Gof}kfg], 8Da? bfxfn, dbg ahufO{ / ;fem]bf/ ;+:yfsf sfo{sf/L lgb{]zs a;Gt s'Fj/ nufotn] ;Demf}tfdf x:tfIf/ ug{' ePsf] lyof] . ;f]lx sfo{qmddf ;xeflux?n] sfo{qmd sfof{Gjogsf nflu k|ltj4tf AoQm ug{' ePsf] lyof] .

a}b]lzs /f]huf/df hfg] g]kfnL sfdbf/x?sf nflu h'g b]zdf hfg] xf] Tolx b]zsf] sfd cg';f/sf] l;kd'ns tflnd pknAw u/fpg] / kl/jf/sf nflu klg pknAwLd'ns agfpg] kl/of]hgfsf] pb]Zo /x]sf] 5 . l:jh/Nof08 / g]kfn ;/sf/ aLr ePsf] ;Demf}tf cg';f/ t]>f] r/0fdf #( j6f lhNnfsf ! ;o %^ j6f :yfgLo txdf pQm sfo{qmd nfu' x'g]5 . !^ ;]K6]Dj/ @)!* af6 z'? ePsf] pQm sfo{qmdsf] t]>f] r/0f @)@@ h'nfO{ ;Dd ;+rfng x'g]5 . g]kfnL sfdbf/ / ltgsf kl/jf/x?nfO{ ;Lko'Qm hgzlQmsf] ljsf;, ;'rgfdf kx'Fr, Gofodf kx'Fr, dgf];fdflhs k/fdz{ / ljlQo ;fIf/tfsf af/]df hfgsf/L u/fO{g]5 . pQm kl/of]hgf dfkm{t a}b]lzs /f]huf/df hfg rfxg]x?nfO{ !) j6f tflnd s]Gb|x? dfkm{t ;Lk pknAw u/fO{g]5 . tflnd lng]x?sf nflu lgz'Ns tflndsf ;fy} vfg / a:g] Aoj:yf x'g]5 . sfo{qmd nfu' ePsf lhNnfsf :yfgLo txx?df % xhf/ & ;o AolQnfO{ ;Lko'Qm tflnd, ;"rgfdf kx'Fr ( nfv, !% xhf/nfO{ Gofodf kx'Fr, %$ xhf/ # ;onfO{ dgf];fdflhs k/fdz{ / $^ xhf/nfO{ ljlQo ;fIf/tf pknAw u/fO{g]5 . ;Demf}tfdf kl/of]hgfsf tkm{af6 x]Ne]6f;sf kl/of]hgf ;+of]hs t?0fsfGt clwsf/L, ;fdL kl/of]hgfsf sdn /f]sfof, w'lnv]n gu/kflnsfsf ;fdflhs ljsf; clws[t ljb'/ uf}td nufotsf] ;xeflutf /x]sf] lyof] .

;xsf/Lsf] dfWodaf6 ;dfh ljsf;df pNn]Vo e"ldsf lgefpg' ePsf] 5 . s];L g]kfn s]lG›o art tyf C0f ;xsf/L ;+3 lnld6]8sf] @* cf} aflif{s ;fwf/0f ;efsf] cj;/df g]ˆ:s'g ;+:yfks cWoIf k'/:sf/af6 ;Ddflgt x'g' ePsf] xf] . s];Ln] ;xsf/L If]qdf ct'nlgo of]ubfg k'ofP afkt ;Ddfg ul/Psf] xf]] . s];Ln] lhNnfdf ;xsf/Lx?nfO{ Aoa:yfkg, ;xsf/LsdL{x?nfO{ tflnd k|bfg ub{} cfpg' ePsf] 5 .

xflb{s awfO{

efn]Zj/ 9'+uf /f]8f pBf]u k|f=ln= kl/jf/, kgf}tL–#, sfe|]

sfe|]df z'? eof] ‘;fdL’ kl/of]hgf

g]kfnsf] ;xsf/L cleofgdf @)$$ ;fnb]lv ;lqmo Pj+ g]kfn ;/sf/4f/f k|an hg;]jf>L kbsaf6 lje"lift ;xsf/L cleoGtf tyf o; sDkgL k|f=ln=sf cWoIf /fdx/L s]=;L= g]kfn art tyf C0f s]lGb|o ;xsf/L ;+3 ln= -g]km\:s"g_ sf] @* cf}+ jflif{s ;fwf/0f ;efsf] cj;/df g]km\:s"g ;+:yfks cWoIf k'/:sf/af6 ;DdfgLt x'g'ePsf]df xflb{s awfO{ 1fkg tyf z'esfdgf JoQm ub{5f}+ .

pu|r08L OGe]i6d]G6 sDkgL k|f=ln= kl/jf/, sfe|]

sd{rf/L cfjZostf lbkf~hnL art tyf C0f ;xsf/L ;+:yf ln= w'lnv]nsf nfuL lgDg sd{rf/Lx? cfjZostf ePsfn] of]Uotf k'u]sf O{R5's AolQmx?n] cfkm\gf] jfof]8f6f ;lxt sfof{nodf ;Dks{ /fVg' xf]nf . s_ kb M ahf/ k|ltlglw -w'lnv]n If]qsf] nflu_ of]Uotf M ±@ jf ;f] ;/x tna M ;+:yfsf] lgodfg';f/ cg'ejLnfO{ ljz]if k|fyldstf ;Dks{ M

;+Vof M @ hgf

lbkf~hnL art tyf C0f ;xsf/L ;+:yf ln= w'lnv]n, sfe|] kmf]g+= )!!–$()*^*, $()^#&

ag]kf gu/kflnsfsf] cg'/f]w ¨ j8faf6 k|fKt ug{] ;]jf ;'ljwfsf nflu j8fut ?kd} ;Dks{ /fvf}+ . ¨ ;a} afnaflnsfnfO{ ljBfno k7fcf}+ . ¨hGd, d[To', a;fO{;/fO{, ;DaGw ljR5]b / ljjfx btf{ ;DaGwL JolQmut 36gf btf{sf nflu cf–cfkm\gf] ;DalGwt j8fdf ;Dks{ /fvL ;dod} 36gf btf{ u/f}+ . ¨ ;a} 3/df zf}rfno lgdf{0f u/f}+ . ¨ ;fdflhs ;/'Iff eQf kf|Kt ug{ cfjZos ofU]otf / sfuhftaf/] ;DalGwt j8fdf ;Dks{ /fvf+} . ¨ /fli6«o ejg ;+lxtfsf] k"0f{ kfngf u/L dfkb08 cg';f/ 3/ lgdf{0f u/f}+ . ¨ cfdf / aRrf b'j}sf] ;'/Iffsf] nflu aly{Ë ;]G6/df ;'Ts]/L u/fpg] u/f}+ . ¨;a} lsl;dsf] kmf]xf]/nfO{ Ps} 7fpFdf gy'kf/L juL{s[t u/f}+, s'lxg] / gs'lxg] kmf]xf]/ 5'6\ofpF . ¨ Knfli6shGo kmf]xf]/ gafnf}+ . ¨ j8fut?kdf ;8s aQL Joj:yfkg pkof]u / ;+/If0f u/f}+ . ¨ s'g} klg Joj;fo btf{ u/]/ dfq ;+rfng u/f}+ . ¨ s'g}klg gful/sn] afn>dsf] k|of]u gu/f}+ . ¨ cfw'lgs s[lif k|0ffnL ckgfO{ Joj;flos s[ifs agf}+ . ¨ pGgt gZnsf kz'kfng u/L :j/f]huf/L ;[hgf u/f}+ . ¨ wd{, ;F:s[lt, ;Dkbfsf] hu]gf{ u/f}+, df}lns klxrfgnfO{ ;+/If0f u/f}+ .

ag]kf gu/kflnsf sfof{no

xflb{s awfO{

g]kfnsf] ;xsf/L cleofgdf @)$$ ;fnb]lv ;lqmo Pj+ g]kfn ;/sf/4f/f k|an hg;]jf>L kbsaf6 lje"lift ;xsf/L cleoGtf tyf o; ;+3 ln=sf cWoIf /fdx/L s]=;L= g]kfn art tyf C0f s]lGb|o ;xsf/L ;+3 ln= g]km\:s"g_ sf] @* cf}+ jflif{s ;fwf/0f ;efsf] cj;/df g]km\:s"g ;+:yfks cWoIf k'/:sf/af6 ;DdfgLt x'g'ePsf]df xflb{s awfO{ 1fkg tyf z'esfdgf JoQm ub{5f}+ .

sfe|]knf~rf]s lhNnf art ;+3 kl/jf/, ag]kf, sfe|] cy{e"ld art tyf C0f ;xsf/L ;+:yf ln= w'lnv]n–$ sfe|]sf]

bzf}“ jflif{s ;fwf/0f ;ef ;DaGwL ;"rgf k|ydk6s k|sflzt ldlt M @)&^.*.@% ut] cfb/0fLo z]o/ ;b:o dxfg'efjx?, o; cy{e"ld art tyf C0f ;xsf/L ;+:yf ln= w'lnv]n sfe|]sf] ldlt @)&^ d+l;/ !$ ut], zlgaf/ a;]sf] ;~rfns ;ldltsf] a}7ssf] lg0f{o cg';f/ o; ;+:yfsf] bzf}“ aflif{s ;fwf/0f ;ef lgDg ldlt, :yfg / ;dodf b]xfosf ljifox? pk/ 5nkmn tyf lg0f{o ug{ a:g] ePsf] x'Fbf ;Dk"0f{ z]o/ ;b:o dxfg'efjx?sf] hfgsf/L tyf pkl:yltsf nflu of] ;"rgf k|sflzt ul/Psf] 5 . ;ef x'g] ldlt, :yfg / ;do ldlt M @)&^ ;fn kf}if !* ut], z'qmaf/ :yfg M w'lnv]n kf6L{ Kofn];, w'lnv]n sfe|] ;do M laxfg !!M#) ah]b]lv @M#) ah];Dd gf]6 M bzf}+ jflif{s ;fwf/0f ;ef ;DaGwL lj:t[t hfgsf/L ;lxtsf] ;"rgf ldlt @)&^ d+l;/ @% ut]sf] g]kfn ;dfrf/kq /fli6«o b}lgsdf k|sflzt ul/Psf] 5 / ;+:yfsf] ;"rgf kf6Ldf ;d]t 6fF; ul/ /flvPsf] Joxf]/f hfgsf/Lsf] nflu cg'/f]w 5 . ;fy}, ;fwf/0f ;efsf] 5nkmnsf ljifox?sf] a'Fbf g+= !# adf]lhd lgjf{rg tflnsf lgDgfg';f/ k|sflzt ul/Psf] 5 . lgjf{rg sfo{qmd -;xsf/L lgb]{lzsf ;+u ;DalGwt_ lgjf{rg tflnsf k|sflzt ldlt @)&^÷)(÷)(

lgjf{rg ;+of]hs

yk lj:t[t hfgsf/Lsf nflu sfof{nodf ;Dks{ /fVg'xf]nf . ;Dks{ g+= )!!–$()^($, (*)#@@(^!&, (*%!)!)(*!, (*%!!@%%@(

^

r]i6f ;fKtflxs

xl/åf/df g]kfn ljz]if of]u lzlj/ ;DkGg sfe| ] ÷ kt+ h nL of] u lk7 xl/åf/df ;DkGg g]kfn ljif]z of]u lzlj/df ;xefuL eO{ g]kfn /fi6«e/sf sl/a %,xhf/ of]u ;x lzIfsx? g]kfn km/lsPsf 5g\ . lzlj/df :jfdL /fdb]j / cfrfo{ s[i0f dxf/fhaf6 ut kf}if ! ut]b]vL % ut];Dd g]kfnL of]u k|lzIfsx?nfO{ of]u cEof; k|f0fofd / Wofg af/] ljif]z k|jrg tyf cEof; k|b{zg ul/Psf] kt+hnL of]u ;ldlt sfe|]sf cWoIf bdg s'df/ >]i7n] atfpg'eof] . lzlj/df k|b]z g+Da/ # sf cWoIf u|f]ljg tf}hn] ;lxt sfe|] lhNnfsf

ag]kf, kgf}tL, w'lnv]n / kfFrvfn of]u s]Gb|sf ^$ hgf k|lzIfs ;xefuL /x]sf] / ;xefuL ;Dk"0f{ k|lzIfsx?n] xl/åf/df ;DkGg of]u lzlj/n] pT;fx / hfu/0f k|fKt ePsf] tf}hnn] atfpg' eof] . ag]kfdf @)^! >fj0f dlxgfb]lv of]u cEof; k|f/De u/L sfe|] lhNnfnfO{ of]udo lhNnf agfpg cu|;/ x'g'ePsf of]uL nlnt z+s/nfO{ kt+hnL of]u ;ldlt g]kfnsf] s]lGb|o ;x–k|ef/L lgo'Qm x'g'ePsf]df sfe|]sf ;Dk"0f{ of]u ;fws–;flwsf / k|lzIfsx?n] pxfFnfO{ awfO{ 1fkg ul/Psf] of]u ;fws ldng >]i7n] atfpg'eof] .

jGohGt' ==================================== u/fPsf] 5 . Dffgj jGohGt' åGb Joj:yfkg cGtut{ / 3/ kfn'jf hgfjf/nfO{ lrt'jfn] df/]sf]df & hgfnfO{ ! nfv () xhf/ /fxt ljt/0f ul/Psf] 5 . jGohGt'n] Iflt u/fpFbf /fxt pknAw u/fpg yfn]sf] clwsf+z s[ifsx?nfO{ hfgsf/L gePsf] u'gf;f] u/]sf 5g\ . ;d'bfo, :yfgLo ;/sf/n] Ifltsf af/]df hfgsf/L u/fpg' kg{] s[ifsx?n] atfPsf 5g\ . ;xfos jg clws[t Gx'R5]s[i0f >]i7n] lhNnfsf] ljleGg :yfgjf6 tLg lrt'jfsf] p4f/ ul/Psf] atfpg' eof] . h;dWo] ! Effn] / @ Kff]yL /x]sf 5g\ . @ lrt'jfsf] jRrfsf] p2f/ ul/Psf] pxfFn] atfpg' eof] . l8lehg jg sfof{nosf] rfn' cly{s jif{ @)&^.)&& sf nfuL jftfj/0f ;+/If0f, h8La'6L ljsf; cfof]hgf, /fli6«o jg ;+/If0f tyf Aoj:yfkg, jGohGt' tyf jf; :yfg ;+/If0f / a[Iff/f]k0f gLlh tyf zx/L jg ljsf; nufotsf sfo{qmd ;+rfng ul/g] ;xfos jg clws[t >]i7n] atfpg' eof] .

jif{ @^ c+s ( @)&^ kf}if !) ut] ljxLjf/

l:qmlgª lzlj/ ;DkGg

cfglGbt lhjgsf] nfuL v';L lj1fg hob]z >]i7

ag]kf gu/kflnsf % g j8f sfo{fno / w'lnv]n c:ktfnsf] ;+o'Qm cfof]hgfdf ag]kf % l:yt lxdfno dflj, 3f]s]rf}/df ePsf] dw'd]xsf] l:qmlgª lzlj/ tyf hgr]tgf sfo{qmd lxhf] ;DkGg ePsf] 5 . lzlj/df !(* hgfn] lgMz'Ns pkrf/ ;]jf k|fKt ug{'sf ;fy} dw'd]x ;DalGw k/fdz{ lnPsf j8f cWoIf an/fd clwsf/Ln] hfgsf/L lbg'eof] .

lzIfs cfjZostf ;"rgf k|fslzt ldlt M @)&^÷)(÷)*

kgf}tL gu/kflnsf cGtu{tsf ;fd'bflos ljBfnodf Joj:yfkg ul/Psf] gu/ cg'bfg sf]6fsf] tkl;n cg';f/sf] lzIfs b/jGbLdf s/f/df lzIfs lgo'lSt ug'{kg]{ ePsfn] O{R5's tyf lzIff lgodfjnL @)%( -;+zf]wg ;lxt _ tyf lzIfs ;]jf cfof]u lgodfjnL @)%& -;+zf]wg ;lxt _ jdf]lhd of]Uotf k'u]sf pDd]bjf/x?n] of] ;"rgf k|sfzg ePsf] ldltn] !% lbgleq lgj]bg k]z ug'{x'g cg'/f]w 5 . tkl;n lj1fkg g+ !÷)&^÷&& kb M dfWolds lzIfs, ljifo M ul0ft tx, >]0fL M df=lz=t[tLo kb;+Vof M @ -sdnfb]jL hglk|o df=lj k=g=kf=!!, jfnk|sfz df=lj=k=g=kf= !@ _ lj1fkg g+ @÷)&^÷&& tx, >]0fL M df=lz=t[tLo, ljifo M lj1fg kb;+Vof M @ -jfncfbz{ df=lj=k=g=kf= !), efnrGb| df=lj=k=g=kf=!_ ;]jfsf] k|sf/ M s/f/ pd]/ M !* jif{ k"/f eO{ $) jif{ ggf3]sf] Go"gtd z}lIfs of]Uotf M ;DjlGwt ljifodf lj=P8 jf ;f] ;/x cyjf ;DjlGwt ljifodf :gfts tx ptL0f{ u/L lzIff ;DjGwL bz dlxg] tflnd k|fKt b/vf:t lbg] clGtd ldlt M @)&^.)(.)( b]lv @)&^.)(.!% ;Dd & lbg s/f/ ;"lrsf nflu v'nf pDd]bjf/sf nflu M @)&^.)(. !^ b]lv @)&^.)(.@@ ;Dd b/vf:t lbg] :yfg gu/sfo{kflnsfsf] sfof{no, lzIff zfvf k/LIff b:t'/ M? !))) k/LIffsf] lsl;d Mlnlvt,cGtjf{tf{ / cfjZos k/]df k|of]ufTds k/LIff ;d]t kf7\os|d M lzIfs ;]jf cfof]u ;fgf]l7dL eQmk'/n] lgwf{/0f u/] jdf]lhd ;Dks{ ldlt M @)&^.)(.@# ut], k/LIff ldlt M ;Dks{ ldltdf tf]lsg]5 . b/vf:t ;fydf k]z ug'{kg]{ sfuhftx? M != z}lIfs of]Uotfsf] k|df0fkqsf k|ltlnlkx? @= :yfoL cWofkg cg'dlt kqsf] k|ltlnlk # g]kfnL gful/stfsf] k|df0fkqsf] k|ltlnlk dw';"bg clwsf/L pk–;lrj

hLjgsf] pknlAw s] xf] < ;'v / cfgGb g} v';L xf] . v';L eP kl5 g} cfgGb k|flKt xf] eg] cfgGb k|fKt eP kl5 v';L xf]OG5 . o;/L cfd dflg;x¿ g} v';Lsf] k|flKtsf] nfuL t8\kL /x]sf x'G5g\ . cflv/ sxfF kfOG5 v';L < v';L kfpg] dfWod s] xf] < ef}lts ;fwg ;'ljwfn] dfq dflg;df v';L k|fKt x'g ;Sb}g . Ifl0fs v';Ln] cfglGbt hLjg latfpg ;lsFb}g . cfglGbt hLjg latfpg cfkm} leqsf] cfTd lrGg ;Sg' kb{5 cfkm}n] cfkm}nfO{ lrGg ;s] kl5 dfq ;Gt'li6sf] cfef; ldNg ;Sb5 . dflg; c¿sf] k|ultdf 8fx u/]/ cfˆgf] ;kmntf e'Ng] ub{5 . cfkm} vfpm ,cfkm} nfpm eGg] dfgl;stfn] dflg;df ;Í'lrt efjgf hufPsf] x'G5 . ;a}sf] v';Ldf cfkm" klg v';L x'g ;lsG5 eGg] ;fdflhs clek|fo xfdL ;a}df hufpg kg]{ cfhsf] cj:yfdf 5. ef}lts tQ\jn] dfq v';L lbg ;S5 Û cfglGbt hLjg latfpgsf] nfuL cfkm} leqsf] cfWoflTds lrGtg hufpg ;Sg' kb{5 . dlGb/ dlGb/df b]jtf vf]Hb} lxF8] d}n]. b]j d"lt{ d"lt{df eujfg\ /f]Hb} lxF8] d}n]. cflv/ sxfF kfpg ;s] / Û eujg b]j d}n] Û dg dlGb/df, lbnsf] w8\sgdf eujfg\ e]6] d}n] Û dflg;sf] dg leq n's]sf] v';LnfO{ phfu/0f ug{sf] nfuL xfd|f] dgsf] Jj:yfkg g} of]u , Wofg xf] eg]/ sfe|] ag]kf a'8f]n ;fd'bflos art tyf Z¿0f ;xsf/L ;+:yfsf] cfof]hgfdf a'8f]n r]tgf s]G›df hLjg lj1fg dfkm{t v';L lj1fg Ps lbg] sfo{qmd @)&^ kf}if % ut]sf lbg ;~rfng ePsf] lyof]. ;fd'bflos ;xsf/L dftxtsf sd{rf/L z]o/ ;b:o dfem sl/a ^)hgf ;xefuL ePsf] sfo{qmddf lzIfs cd"t]G› s0f{ af6 hLjg cd"t Wofg ljlw . v';LofnL hLjgsf] nfuL Wofg ljlw . lzIfs OlGb/f sf]O/fnfaf6 ;xh Wofg ljlw , ;'dw'/ ;DaGw lj1fg , cfGtl/s cfgGb / ;xsfo{sf] l;h{gf sfo{qmd ;~rfng ug{' ePsf] lyof] . To;} u/L lzIfs lji0f' s'df/L e§/fO{ af6 hLjg t/Ë Wofg ljlw cGtu{t ;sNksf] lj1fg h;af6 ;t ;ÍNkaf6 gofF hLjg ljlw af/]df pNn]v ug{' ePsf] lyof] . eg] lzIfs laGbf cfrfo{af6 sfo{qmdsf] kl/ro cGtu{t rqm lj1fg / v';LofnL hLjg lgdf{0fsf] af/]df k|sfz kfg{' ePsf] lyof] / cGtdf :yfgLo sfe|] lhNnfjf;L lzIfs pba yfkfaf6 sfo{qmdsf] k"i7kf]if0f

lst{gf]T;j ug{' eO{ sfo{qmdsf] ;dfkg ug{' ePsf] lyof] . sfo{qmddf ;xefuL of]u ;fws ;flwsfx?af6 Ps lbg] v';L lj1fg sfo{qmdaf6 Pp6f gofF cg'e"lt k|fKt ePsf] cg'ej, wf/0ff /fVg' ePsf] lyof] . cfˆgf] :jf:Yo tGb'¿i6L v';L hLjgsf] nfuL hLjg lj1fg cGtu{t b}lgs of]u Wofg ljlw of]uf sfo{qmd ;+Grfng ug{' kg]{ cu|;/tf b]vfpg' ePsf 5g\ . ca sfe|] lhNnfdf klg ljleGg 7fpFdf hLjg lj1fgsf] hLjg of]u kf7zfnfx¿ ;~rfngdf cfpg] 5g\ . h;sf] nfuL of]u k|lzIfs tfnLd / cGo hLjg of]u ;DaGwL cg]sf}F sfo{qmdx¿ hLjg lj1fgdf u'?b]j /d]z g]kfn / efg' zdf{af6 ljleGg sfo{qmddf ;xeflutf hgfpg ;Sg' x'g]5 . / cfˆgf] ufpF 7fpFdf b}lgs hLjg of]u kf7zfnfaf6 of]ufEof; u/]/ cfˆgf] :jf:Yo tGb'?i6L ;fy} v';L eP/ cd"No hLjgdf cfglGbt eP/ afFRg] cj;/ ldnfpg ;sf}F . hLjg of]u ug]{ cj;/ h'6fpg ;sf}F Û cfh ;+;f/sf] zlQmzfnL , ;DkGg b]z cd]l/sfsf gful/sx¿ cftÍsf/Lsf] eon] afFRg' k/]sf]5 . s'g a]nf sxfF s] x'G5 yfxf 5}g . lrgdf 7'nf 7'nf ejg clezfk ePsf] 5 . lbg lbg} ToxfFsf dflg;x¿ 7'nf ejgaf6 xfd kmfn]/ cfTdxTof u/L /x]sf 5g\ . ljsl;t b]z hfkfgsf gful/sx¿ l8k|];gsf l;sf/ ePsf 5g\ . /]n :6];gsf lnsdf xfd kmfn]/ cfTdxTof ub{5g\ . ;+;f/sf] ljZjfl;nf] b]z l:jh/Nof08sf o'jf gful/sx¿ b'j{\o;gLsf] s'ntdf g/fd|f] ;Fu km;]sf 5g\ . cflv/ sxfF kfpg ;lsG5 v';L < cfh xfdL g]kfnL o'jfx¿ vf8L b]z b]vL cGo b]zx¿df k};fsf] nfuL ef}lts ;fwg k|flKtsf] nfuL dhb'/ eP/ aflxl/g yfn]sf 5g\ . cflv/ ;DkGgtfn] cfglGbt hLjg latfpg ;lsG5 / Û cfh ljZjsf cg]sf}F b]zx¿n] uf}td a'4sf] af}4 wd{ cg';/0f ug{ yfn]sf 5g\ . a'4 dfuL{ eP/ hk, Wofg ljlw ckgfP ;'v zflGt vf]hLdf nfu]sf 5g\ . xfd|f] b]zsf] snf ;+:s"tL / ;Dkbf wd{ l/tL l/jfh rf8 ka{n] dflg;x¿nfO{ ;'v zflGtsf] cfef; u/fPsf]5 . ;DkGg b]zsf gful/sx? xfd|f] snf ;+:s'tLdf g]kfnLx? h:t} v';L eP/ afFRg] ;f]r /fVb 5g . laslzt b]zsf gful/sx? / ;x/sf dfG5]x¿ ef}lts ;'v ef]udf /dfP/ dfgjLo Jojxf/af6 6fl9Fb} 5g\ . 5f]/f 5f]/L O{i6 ldq kl/jf/df dfof bof :g]x efj 5}g sf]xL s;}nfO{ s;}sf] dtna x'Fb}g . s] xfdLn] rfx]sf] ;dfh o:t} xf] . cfh ljb]zLx¿n] eGg] u/]sf 5g\ . b'u{d e]usf g]kfnLx¿sf] r]x/fdf b]lvPsf] xfF;f] g} jf:tljs xfF;f] xf] . cfd dflg;x¿sf] hLjgdf v';L Nofpg / ;d[4 hLjg latfpg ltg æ;æ sf] cfjZostf kb{5 . xfdL cfˆgf] hLjgdf cfjZos kg]{ s'/f æ :jf:Yo , ;DaGw / ;+DktL æ xf] . o;af6 xfdLn] ;'v, zflGt / ;d[4 kfpg ;S5f} Û oxL g} hLjg lj1fgsf] p2]Zo xf] .

lbuf] ljsf;sf nflu gful/s d~r -l;ljs kmf]/d_ sfe|]knf~rf]s

sd{rf/L cfjZostf ;DaGwL ;"rgf -;"rgf k|yd k6s k|sflzt ldltM @)&^÷)(÷!) ut], ljlxjf/_ g]kfn ;/sf/ / :jL6\h/Nof08 ;/sf/ aLr ePsf] ;Demf}tf cg';f/ >d, /f]huf/ tyf ;fdflhs ;'/Iff dGqfno dfkm{t sfe|]knf~rf]s lhNnfdf ;'/lIft a}b]lzs /f]huf/ ;DaGwL ;"rgf tyf k/fdz{ s]Gb| ;~rfng ug]{ tyf w'lnv]n gu/kflnsf, d08gb]pk'/ gu/kflnsf, e'Dn' ufpFkflnsf / /f]zL ufpFkflnsfdf ;d'bfo ;r]lts/0fsf sfo{qmdx?, dgf];fdflhs k/fdz{ / ljlQo ;fIf/tf ;DaGwL sfo{qmdx? ;~rfngdf ;xof]u k'¥ofpgsf nflu ;~rfng x'g uO{/x]sf] ;'/lIft cfk|jf;g sfo{qmd (Safer Migration Program-SaMi) cGtu{t kflnsf sfof{nox? / :yfgLo ;]jf k|bfos (LSP) ;+:yf l;ljs kmf]/d, sfe|]knf~rf]s aLr ePsf] ;Demf}tf cg';f/ tklzn cg';f/sf] hgzlQmx? cfjZostf ePsf] x'Fbf lgDgfg';f/ of]Uotf k'u]sf O{R5's JolQmx?af6 ;"rgf k|sflzt ldltn] !% -kGw|_ lbg leq b/vf:t cfJxfg ul/G5 . Dofb gf3L cfPsf] / /Lt gk'u]sf b/vf:tx? dfly s'g} sf/jfxL ul/g] 5}g .

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r]i6f ;fKtflxs

jif{ @^ c+s ( @)&^ kf}if !) ut] ljxLjf/

v|Li6d; tyf gof“ jif{sf] z'esfdgf cfbfgk|bfg sfo{qmd lbuf] ljsf; nIo / nIo !^

nf]saxfb'/ yfkf w'lnv]n w' l nv] n gu/ v| L li6o ;d'bfosf] cfof]hgfdf v|Li6d; tyf gofF jif{ @)@) sf] pknIodf z'esfdgf cfbfgk|bfg sfo{qmd ut zlgjf/ w'lnv]ndf ;DkGg ePsf] 5 . w' l nv] n gu/kflnsfsf k|d'v czf]ss'df/ JofGh'sf] k|d'v cfltYotfdf ;DkGg pQm sfo{qmdsf] ;'? kfi6/ sflhdfg tfdfªn] ;' ? sf] k|fy{gf4f/f ul/Psf] lyof] . sfo{qmddf :jfut dGtJo kfi6/ lbks /fO{n] u/]sf lyP eg] v|Li6d; ;Gb]z kfi6/ b]j/fh e08f/Ln] u/]sf lyP . v|Li6d; ;Gb]z lbg] qmddf kf= b]j/fh e08f/Ln] v|Li6d; Pp6f

k|]dsf] kj{ /x]sf] / h'g k|]d v|Li6 o]z"n] ;Dk"0f{ hutsf dflg;x?nfO{ ul/g] atfpg'eof] . pxfFn] cfheGbf @ xhf/ jif{cufl8 kfkLx?sf] p4f/ ug{ / d'lQm lbgsf] nflu pxfFsf] hGd ePsf] atfpg'eof] .

To;}u/L sfo{qmdsf k|d'v cltly w'lnv]n gu/kflnsfsf k|d'v czf]s Jof~h'n] afOann] atfP h:t} o]z' af6f] hLjg / ;To /x]sf] / pxfFsf] ;To dfu{df nfUg clek|]l/t ug{'eof] . hLjgnfO{ ;fy{stf lbg ;Tosf] kl5 nfUg cg'/f]w ug{'eof] . pxfFn] ;a} wd{sf] cf–cfkm\g} cf:yf /x]sf] / ;a} wd{sf] ;Ddfg ug{'kg{] atfpg'eof] . dGtJos} qmddf pxfFn] w'lnv]n gu/nfO{ wfld{s ?kdf ;dfgtf

l3d/]n]fO{ ljbfO{ kf8}n]nfO{ :jfut

agk]f÷agk]f gu/kflnsfdf @ jif;{Dd sfo/{t kd|v ' kz | f;lso clwst[ efh ] /fh l3ld/n ] fO{ Ps sfoq{mdsf ljr ljbfO{ / a6'jnaf6 ;?jf eO{ agk]f gu/kflnsfdf cfpg' ePsf kd|v ' kz | f;lso clwst[ dfx]g kf8}o\fnnfO{ :jfut ul/Psf] 5 . :jfut sfo{qmddf gu/kflnsfsf gu/ k|d'v nIdLg/l;+ jfb]]n] sd{rf/L / hgk|ltlglw larsf] ;DaGw gª / df;'sf] h:tf] x'g'kg{] atfpg' eof] . sd{rf/Ln] gLlt / ljlw leq /x]/ hgk|ltlglwn] NofPsf of]hgf tyf gLlt sfo{qmdnfO{ ;kmn agfpg' kg{] atfpg' eof] . hgk|ltlglwn] of]hgf Nofp5F t/ sd{rf/Ln] sfo{Gjog u/]gg\ eg] gu/kflnsf ;kmn x'b}g To;}n] ;a} hgk|ltgLlw, zfvf clws[t, k|fljlws,

sd{rf/L nfu]dfq of]hgf ;kmn agfO{ ;'vL g]kfnL ;d[4 ag]kf agfpg ;lsg] atfpg' eof] . sfo{qmddf ag]kf gu/kflnsf pkk|d'v /]vf ;fksf]6f bfxfnn] sd{rf/L ;?jf a9'jf x'g' lgoldt sfo{ ePsfn] sd{rf/Ln] cfkm' /x'Gh]n s:tf] sfo{ u/]sf] rflx dxTj x'g] atfpg' eof] . cfkm' h'g 7fpFdf /xbfF klg sfg'g cg';f/ hgtfsf] sfdnfO{ ;xh eP jf ePg Tof] s'/fn] ;w} ;DemfO{ /xg] atfpg' eof] .

To;}u/L sfo{qmddf lzIff zfvf k|d'v Zofd l;+ wfdL, ag]kf gu/kflnsf k|jQmf tyf j8f gDa/ $ sf j8f cWoIf Zofd ;'Gb/ >]i7, al/i7 /fhZj clws[t w'j{/fh g]kfn, k|zf;g k|d'v s[i0f k|;fb sfo:y nufotsf AolQmx?n] z'esfdgf dGtAo /fVg' ePsf] lyof] .

dxflg/LIfs /lg· 6l«km kx|/LnfO{ ;fF u f÷g] k fn k| x /L :s' n ;fFufsf] cfof]hgfdf eO{/x]sf] @& cf+} k|x/L dxflgl/Ifs km'6an k|ltof]lutfsf] kmfO{gn v]n ;f]daf/ ;DkGg ePsf] 5 . kmfO{ g n v] n df ;} l gs cfjfl;o dxfljBfno eQmk'/nfO{ z'Gosf lj?4 cfof]hs ljBfno g]kfn k|x/L :s'n P l6dn] tLg uf]n u/L /lgË 6«lkm xft kf/]]sf] 5 . ljhoL l6dsf nflu v]n z'? ePsf] !$ ldg]6d} ;ld/ jgn] klxnf] uf]n u/]sf lyP eg] >Lxg uF8]nn] %$ ldg]6df bf]>f] uf]n u/]sf lyP . t]>f] uf]n &^ cf} ldg]6df ljdf]lht /fha+zLn] u/]sf lyP . v]nsf] Dofg ckm lb Dofr >Lxg uF8]n 3f]lift eP . ljhoL l6dnfO{ k|x/L dxflg/LIfs ;j]{G› vgfnn] gub #) xhf/ ;lxt 6«kmL, d]8n, k|df0f–kq ljt/0f ug{' ePsf] lyof] . pk ljh]tf ;}lgs cfjfl;o dxfljBfno eQmk'/n] gub @) xhf/ k|fKt u¥of] eg] t[lto k'/:sf/ P;f]P; afnu|fd ag]kfn] !) xhf/ ?k}of k|bfg ul/Psf] lyof] . Dofg ckm lb Dofr, km]o/ Kn], xfO{ :sf]/, Kn]o/ ckm b 6'gf{d]G6nfO{ k'/:sf/ ljt/0f ul/Psf] lyof] . k|ltof]lutfdf k|x/L :s'n P l6dsf uf]nlsk/ cfgGb >]i7 a]:6 uf]nlsk/ 3f]lift eP . a]:6 Kn]o/sf] pkfwL g]kfn k|x/L :s'nsf an/fd ofbjn] k|fKt u/]sf lyP . xfO{:sf]/ ;f]lx

ljBfnosf ladf]lht /fha+zLn] k|fKt u/] . a]n/ :s'nsf v]nf8L cg'zfl;t 3f]lift eP . @& cf}F cfOhLkL /lgË 6«kmLdf ;}lgs dxfljBfno, eQmk'/, w'lnv]n Olª\n; :s'n, sfe|]sf] P;cf]P; xd{g :s'n, a]n/ OG6/g]zgn :s'n, ag]kf, h]D;, nlntk'/, /fhzL{ u'?s'n / g]kfn k|x/L ljBfnosf b'O{ j6f l6d ;d]t u/L cf6j6f l6d ;xeuL ePsf lyP . ut jif{ !@ l6dsf] ;xeflutf /x]sf] lyof] . ;f]lx jif{ /lgª 6«lkm ;}lgs ljBfnon] xft kf/]sf] lyof] . km'6an k|ltof]lutf z'? x'g' cl3 k|x/L dxflg/LIfs ;j]{G› vgfnn] ljBfnosf] #( sf]7] d'Vo ejg ;lxt cGo @ j6f ejgx¿sf] lznfGof; ;lxt AjfOh xf]:6]n / cfjf; ejgsf] pb\3f6g ug{' ePsf] lyof] . ;df/f]xdf k|x/L cltl/Qm dxflg/LIfs 7"n] /fO{, k|x/L gfoj dxflg/LIfsx?, g]kfn k|x/L >LdtL ;+3sL cWoIf >LdtL k|ldnf vgfn tyf ;+3sf kbflwsf/Lx¿, jl/i7 k|x/L clws[tx?, sfe|] lhNnfsf k|d'v lhNnf clwsf/L >j0fs'df/ ltdlN;gf, ljBfno Joj:yfkg ;ldltsf kbflwsf/Lx?, :yfgLo txsf k|ltlglwx?, lzIfs tyf ljBfyL{x?, cleefjs, :yfgLo jfl;Gbf, ;~rf/sdL{, ljleGg ;+3;+:yfsf k|ltlglwx? nufotsf] pkl:ylt /x]sf] lyof] .

efjk"0f{ >4f~hnL hGd M !((!.(.!%

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lbgsf] nflu gu/kflnsfsf] efjL of]hgf /x]sf] atfP . o;sf] nflu w'lnv]n gu/df ;Dk"0f{ ;Dk|bfosf] ;Ddfgsf] nflu / ;fF:s[lts dxTjsf nflu ;a} wd{nfO{ ;d]l6g] vfnsf] wfld{s kfs{ agfpg] of]hgf /x]sf] atfP . pgn] O;fO{x?nfO{ s'g}klg ;dodf ;xof]u ug{ w'lnv]n

u/s ] f lyP .

v| L i6d;s} cj;/ kf/] / w'lnv]ndf /x]sf] Dof;]8f]lgof alKt; d08nLn] klg Ps sfo{qmdsf] cfof]hgf u/L v|Li6d; dgfPsf] 5 . sfo{qmddf v|Li6d; ;Gb]z d08nLsf kfi6/ b]j/fh

gu/kflnsf tof/ /x]sf] sfo{qmddf atfpg'eof] . sfo{qmddf w'lnv]n gu/ v|Lli6o ;d'bfosf] tkm{af6 k|d'v cltly Jof~h'nfO{ dfofsf] lrgf] kf=b]j/fh e08f/L tyf kf= cho zfxaf6 k|bfg ul/Psf] lyof] . sfo{qmddf w'lnv]n gu/ Ifq]leqsf d08nLsf kfi6/, cuj'f, l8sg nufot vL|li6ogx?sf] pNnV]o ;xeflutf /xs ] f] lyof] . sfoq{mddf gu/leqsf :yfgLo d08nLsf ;u+Lt em0'8n] vL|i6d; ;DaGwL uLt tyf gT[ox? k:|tt' uge'{Psf] lyof] . sfoq{mdsf] ;dfkg kfi6/ cho zfxn]

e08f/Ln] afF8\g'ePsf] lyof] . v|Li6d; ;Gb]z lbg] qmddf pxfFn] v|Li6d; o]z"sf] hGdpT;jdf dgfOg] Pp6f dxfg kj{ xf] / o;df d'lQmbftf o]z"sf] hGd ePsf] 3f]if0ff ub}{ ;+;f/sf ;a} dflg;x?nfO{ k/d]Zj/n] k|]d ug{'x'G5, v|Li6 o]z" d'lQmbftf x'g'x'G5, v|Li6 o]z"df hLjg 5, v|Li6 o]z" ;fFrf] k/d]Zj/ x'g'x'G5 / lhljt k/d]Zj/ x'g'x'G5 eg]/ ;f/f ;+;f/nfO{ lbg] Pp6f ;Gb]z g} v|Li6d;sf] d'Vo ;Gb]z /x]sf] atfpg'eof] . sfo{qmddf ljljw ;fF:s[lts sfo{qmd ;d]t /x]sf] lyof] .

Kn;sf af/]df cGt{lqmof

w'lnv]n÷lbuf] ljsf; nIo / nIo !^ Kn; af/] lbuf] ljsf;sf nflu /fli6«o cleofg g]kfnn] lhNnfsf ;+rf/sdL{x?nfO{ hfgsf/L u/fPsf] 5 . pQm ;+:yfn] knf~rf]s / kgf}tLdf sfo{qmd ug{]5 . lbuf] ljsf;sf] nflu ;+rf/ If]qn] v]Ng] dxTjk"0f{ e"ldsfsf af/]df cWoIf bof;fu/ >]i7n] hfgsf/L u/fpg' ePsf] lyof] . pQm ;+:yfn] lbuf] ljsf; nflu lhNnfdf lx+;fTds lqmofsnfkx? / 36gfx?sf cj:yf, lhNnfdf dlxnf tyf jfnjflnsfx? dfly x'g] lx+;fsf] cj:yf, lhNnfdf ;'/lIft cfk|jf;g, jfWosf/L >d / dfgj j]rljvgsf] cj:yf, lhNnfdf lx+;fTds ck/fw, / cj}w xltof/ cj:yf, lhNnfdf ;'/lIft cfjf;, a;f]af; / oftfoftsf] cj:yf, lhNnfdf zflGt / clx+;fsf] lzIff / ;+:s[lt, tYof+sx?sf] pknAwtfsf af/]df cWoog ug{]5 . To:t} lhNnfdf sfg"gL zf;g, Gofodf kx'Fr / Gofosf] cj:yf, lhNnfdf AolQmut sfg"gL klxrfg k|bfg ug]{ cj:yf, lhNnfdf cj}w

laQLo k|jfx / e|i6frf/sf] cj:yf, lhNnfdf >d clwsf/sf] cj:yf, lhNnfdf ;"rgfdf kx'Fr / df}lns :jtGqtfx?sf] pkef]usf] cj:yf, lhNnfdf n}+lus / cGo ;fdflhs e]befjsf] cj:yf, lhNnfdf n}+lus ;dfgtf / dfgj clwsf/ lzIffsf] cj:yf / tYof+sx?sf] pknAwtfsf af/]df hfgsf/L /fVg]5 . lhNnfdf ;+3 ;+:yf / ;fj{hlgs lgsfox?sf] pkl:ylt / cj:yf, lhNnfdf ljlzi6 ;+:yf / gLltx?sf] cj:yf, lhNnfdf zf;sLo Ifdtfsf] cj:yf, lhNnfdf ;fj{hlgs ;xeflutf, ;dfj]zLs/0f tyf kf/blz{ t fsf] cj:yf, tYof+ s x?sf] pknAwtfsf af/]df gful/sx?nfO{ ;';'lrt u/fpg] 5 . ;+rf/sdL{x?n] x/]s If]qsf] cfjfh p7fO{/xFbf lo ljifox?df cem} k|efjsf/L 9+uaf6 ;';'lrt u/fpg cWoIf >]i7n] cg'/f]w u/]sf lyP . sfo{qmddf g]kfn kqsf/ dxf;+3 sfe|] zfvfsf cWoIf df]tL/fd ltdlN;gf, ;+:yfsf sfo{qmd ;+of]hs g/]z >]i7, sf]iffWoIf 6f]dk|;fb ;fksf]6f nufotn] dGtAo /fVg' ePsf] lyof] .

e'sDkn] Ifltu|:t k'ln; ljBfnosf ejg k'glg{df{0f tLgjg lzNofGof;, b'O{j6fsf] pb\3f6g

gk]fn /fxt lzIfssf] cGtl{qmof ag]kf÷g]kfn /fxt lzIfs ;ldlt sfe|]knf~rf]sn] s]lGb|o ;ldlt;Fu ;/sf/n] u/]sf] k6s k6ssf] ;Demf}tf sfof{Gjogsf] dfu ub{} lhNnfdf a[xQ cGt{lqmof sfo{qmd ;DkGg ePsf] 5 . cWoIf lrqk|;fb uf}tdsf] cWoIftfdf ;DkGg sfo{qmddf lzIfs g]tfx?n] /fxt lzIfsx?n] p7fPsf dfux?sf] ;Daf]wg ug{ ;/sf/sf] Wofgfsif{0f x'g'kg{] atfpg' ePsf] lyof] . /fxt lzIfsx?n] /fxt cg'bfg sf]6fnfO{ :jLs[t b/jGbLdf ?kfGt/Lt u/L cfGtl/s k|lt:kwf{af6 :yfoL Aoj:yfkg ug{, ljleGg cfGbf]ngsf qmddf g]kfn lzIfs dxf;+3sf] pkl:yltdf ;/sf/;uF ePsf ;Demf}tfx?sf] sfof{Gjog

ug{ / cfGtl/s k|lt:kwf{ u/fpbFf ljut b]lv :yflkt glh/nfO{ Go"gtd dfkb08 dfgL :yfoL Aoj:yfkg ug{ dfu u/]sf 5g\ . cGt{lqmof sfo{qmddf Plss[t clvn g]kfn lzIfs ;+u7g k|b]z # sf cWoIf b'uf{ l;+ nfdf, g]kfn /fli6«o lzIfs ;+u7g sfe|]sf lhNnf ;lrj /fdrGb| yfkf, Plss[t clvn g]kfn lzIfs ;+u7g lhNnfsf ;x ;lrj s]kL kf08], g]kfn /fxt lzIfs ;ldltsf s]lGb|o ;b:o ph]nL jfO{jf nufotn] /fxt lzIfsx?sf dfunfO{ cIf/z sfof{Gjog ug{ dfu u/]sf 5g\ . sfo{qmddf lhNnf ;lrj /ljg d}gfnL, lhNnf ;b:o OGb|k|;fb l3ld/] nufotn] dfusf af/]df hfgsf/L u/fpg' ePsf] lyof] .

‘dfgjclwsf/ / kqsfl/tf’ tflnd w'lnv]ndf w'lnv]n÷/fli6«o dfgjclwsf/ cfof]usf cWoIf cg'k/fh zdf{n] ;+ljwfg cg';f/ ;ftj6} k|b]zdf dfgj clwsf/ cfof]u u7g ug{] u/L sfg'g lgdf{0f ePsf] t/ clGtd gx'Fbf ;+u7g lj:tf/sf] sfo{ /f]lsPsf] atfpg' ePsf] 5 . u| f dL0f e] u ;Dd dfgj clwsf/af/] hfgsf/L lbg k|b]z txd} cfof]u u7g ug{' cfjZos /x]sf] atfpg'eof] . 3/ 3/df dfgjclwsf/ k'¥ofpg] nIo cg';f/ dfgj clwsf/ cfof]un] sfd ul//x]sf] pxfFn] atfpg' eof] . w'lnv]ndf cfof]lht dfgjclwsf/ / kqsfl/tf tflndsf] ;dfkgdf af]Ng'x'Fb} cfof]usf cWoIf zdf{n] dfgjclwsf/ P]g ;+zf]wg tTsfn ug{'kg{] atfpg' eof] . kqsf/ / dfgj clwsf/ cfof]u aLr ;xsfo{ h?/L ePsf] ts{ ug'{x'Fb} kqsf/, cfdf ;d'x / :yfgLo tx aLr ;xsfo{ ePdf dfq dfgj clwsf/ xg\gsf

36gfdf sdL Nofpg ;xh x'g] eGg'eof] . pxfFn] åGåsf cjwLdf ePsf 36gfdf d'2f rnfpg u/]sf] l;kmfl/; ;/sf/n] gdfGg] u/]sf] atfpg'eof] . cfof]un] sfof{Gjogsf] nflu bfaL dfq} ug{ ;Sg] atfpg'eof] . åGåsfnLg d\2fdf tTsflng ljb|f]xL, ;}lgs / k|zf;s klg kg]{ ePsfn] ;/sf/n] d'4f rnfpg grfxg] ts{ ub}{ bafa lbg]afx]s cfof]u;Fu s'g} ljsNk gePsf] atfpg' eof] . kqsf/nfO{ dfgjclwsf/ /Ifssf] ?kdf lrq0f ub} { pxfF n ] cfof] u ;F u sf] ;xsfo{ a9fpg' k g] { d f hf]8\lbg'eof] . sfo{qmddf g]kfn kqsf/ dxf;+3 sfe]| zfvfsf cWoIf df]tL/fd ltdlN;gf, x'hf{sf cWoIf 3gZofd v8\sfn] dfgj clwsf/sf laifodf egfO{ /fVg'ePsf] lyof] . dfgjclwsf/ kqsf/ ;+3 -x'hf{_ sf] ;xsfo{df ePsf] tflnddf k|b]z # sf !# lhNnfsf #) kqsf/ ;xefuL lyP .

efjk"0f{ >4f~hnL hGd M !((#

:juf{/f]x0fM @)&^.*.@&

;fFuf÷g]kfn k'ln; ljBfno ;fFufdf e'sDkn] Iflt k'¥ofPsf ljBfnosf ljleGg ejgx?sf] k'g{lg{df0f x'g] ePsf] 5 . k| x /L dxflg/LIfs ;j] { G › vgfnn] g]kfn k'ln; :s'n ;fFufsf] kl/;/df gjlgld{t ;dfb]zs lgjf; / k'?if 5fqfjf; ejgsf] pb\3f6g tyf gjlgld{t ejgx?sf] cjnf]sg ;Fu} :s'n kl/;/df lgdf{0f x'g] Ps]8]lds Ans / @ j6f k'?if 5fqfaf; ejgx?sf] zLnfGof; ug{'eof] . ;fy} pxfFn] :s'n kl/;/df j[Iff/f]k0f ;d]t ug{'eof] . ;df/f]xdf k|x/L dxflg/LIfs vgfnn] gjlgld{t ejg lgdf{0f kZrft pTs[i6 ;]jf k|jfx ug{ yk phf{ k|fKt eO{ u'0f:t/Lo lzIff k|jfx ug{ ;xh x'g] ljrf/ JoQm ug{'eof] . :s'nsf] ljsf;sf nflu cfjZos kg]{ ef}lts ;+/rgf nufot ljljw kIfsf] :t/f]Gglt ug{sf nflu k|x/L k|wfg sfof{no ;b}j k|lta4 /x]sf] pNn]v ub}{ g]kfn k'ln; :s'nnfO{ g]kfns} pTs[i6 :s'nsf] ?kdf :yflkt ug{ lqmofzLn /x]sf] wf/0ff pxfFn] JoQm ug{'eof] . ;df/f]xdf k|x/L k|wfg sfof{no ef}lts k"jf{wf/ lgb]{zgfnosf k|x/L gfoj dxflg/LIfs O{= nf]s]z l;+xn] ejg lgdf{0f ;DaGwL k|ltj]bg k|:t't ug{'ePsf] lyof] . /fli6«o k'glg{df{0f k|flws/0fsf] ;xof]udf lgdf{0f ;DkGg eO{ pb3f6g ePsf ejgx?dWo] # tn] k'?if 5fqfjf; @ s/f]8 (& nfv $$ xhf/ & ;o &* ?k}ofF / (! k};fsf] nfutdf lgdf{0f ;DkGg ePsf] xf] . pQm ejgdf e'OFtnfdf Pp6f xn ;lxt ^ j6f

t]hu+uf ax'd'vL SoFDk; kgf}tL, sfe|]knf~rf]s

pRr lzIffsf] If]qdf cu|0fL :yfg cf]u6\g ;kmn kgf}tL–*, l:yt t]hu+uf ax'd'vL SofDk;df z}lIfs ;q @)&^÷)&& sf] nflu :gfts tx k|yd jif{df

egf{ v'Nof]

:j= v8\us'df/L bfxfn

@)%$ df u}x|Llj;f}gf b]pk'/af6 hglgjf{lrt j8f ;b:O l6sf/fd tfdfª tyf vDaf a= tfdfª, wfjf tfdfª / hut tfdfªsf] ddtfdoL dftf /fd|L tfdfªsf] c;dflos lgwg ePsf]df d[tsk|lt efjk"0f{ >4f~hnL ck{0f ub{} zf]s;GtKt kl/jf/hgk|lt xflb{s ;dj]bgf JoQm ub{5f}+ .

g]=s=kf=ag]kf g=kf= # sf kf6L{ ;+ul7t ;b:o b'uf{k|;fb bfxfnsL ddtfdoL dftf v8\us'df/L bfxfnsf] c;dflos lgwg ePsf]df d[tsk|lt efjk"0f{ >4f~hnL ck{0f ub{} zf]s;GtKt kl/jf/hgk|lt xflb{s ;dj]bgf JoQm ub{5f}+ .

l8NnL cfrfo{

/fdk|;fb bfxfn -z/0f_

j8f cWoIf

;+of]hs tyf

d08g b]pk'/ ^ g+= j8f sfof{no kl/jf/, d08g, b]pk'/, sfe|]

g]=s=kf= ag]kf gu/ # g+= j8f sld6L kl/jf/, ag]kf, sfe|]

sf]7fx¿ tyf klxnf] / bf];|f] tnfdf *÷* j6f sf]7fx¿ u/]/ hDdf @@ j6f sf]7fx¿ /x]sf 5g\ . o;}u/L ;dfb]zs lgjf;sf] ejg &% nfv ^) xhf/ # ;o @^ ?k}ofF @ k};fsf] nfutdf lgdf{0f ;DkGg ePsf] xf] . pQm ejgdf e'O{ tnfdf $ j6f sf]7f / klxnf] tnfdf ! j6f u/]/ hDdf % j6f sf]7fx¿ /x]sf 5g\ . o:t} zLnfGof; ePsfdWo] Ps]8]lds Anssf] ejg / k'?if 5fqfjf; ejgsf] lgdf{0f ug{ t'N;LeQm sG;6«S;g k|fln;Fu lgdf{0f ;DkGg ug]{ ;Demf}tf ePsf] 5 . # tnfdf lgdf{0f x'g nfu]sf] k'?if 5fqfjf; ejgsf] hDdf @! j6f sf]7fx¿ /xg] 5g\ . Ps]8]lds Ansdf cfw'lgs k|of]uzfnf ;lxt #( sf]7fx? /xg] 5g\ . lznfGof; ePsf] csf]{ k'?if 5fqfaf; ejgsf] lgdf{0f ug{ clj;f lgdf{0f ;]jf P08 ;]jf k|fln;Fu lgdf{0f ;DkGg ug]{ lgdf{0f ;Demf}tf ePsf] 5 . o; ejgdf hDdf #) j6f sf]7fx¿ /xg]5g\ . ;f] cj;/df g]kfn k|x/L ;+uLt ljBfno / g]kfn k'ln; :s'n ;fFufsf ljBfyL{x?af6 ljljw ;fF:s[lts sfo{qmd ;d]t k|:t't ul/Psf] lyof] . ;df/f] x df k| x /L cltl/Qm dxflg/LIfs, k|x/L gfoa dxflg/LIfsx?, g]kfn k|x/L >LdtL ;+3sL cWoIf >LdtL k|ldnf vgfn tyf ;+3sf kbflwsf/Lx¿, jl/i7 k|x/L clws[tx?, sfe|] lhNnfsf k|d'v lhNnf clwsf/L, ljBfno Joj:yfkg ;ldltsf kbflwsf/Lx?, :yfgLo lgsfosf k|ltlglwx?, lzIfs tyf ljBfyL{x?, cleefjs, :yfgLo afl;Gbf, ;~rf/sdL{, ljleGg ;+3;+:yfsf k|ltlglwx? nufotsf] pkl:ylt /x]sf] lyof] .

;+rflnt sfo{qmd 4 Years B.B.S. 4 Years B.Ed. 4 Years B.A.

- English & Nepali Medium - English, Nepali, Maths Population - Sociology & Rural Development

kmf]g g+= )!!–$$))@*, $$!$&& Email: tmcpanauti@gmail.com

*

r]i6f ;fKtflxs

jif{ @$ jif{ c+@^s c+$* s @)&% ( @)&^c;f]kf}hif !! !) ut] ut] ljxLjf/ ljxLjf/

cf“vf b]vfOlbg'eof] eGbf cfTdf ;Gt'li6 ldN5 8f= ?rL >]i7 /]o'sfO{ df;'gfuf cf“vf c:ktfn ag]kf, a'8f]n oxf“sf] b}lgsL s;/L laTb}5 < d]/f] b}lgsL ljxfg ( ah]b]lv $ ah];Dd lj/fdLsf] ;]jfdf nfu]/ laTb}5 . ag]kfl:yt /]o"sfO{ PO{sf] df;'gfuf cf“vf c:ktfndf lj/fdLsf] ;]jfdf nfUg'ePsf] slt jif{ eof] < d cfFvf c:ktfndf @)&# ;fn b]lv g} cfa4 /lx xfn;Dd ;]jf ub{} cfO/x]sL 5' . cf“vf c:ktfndf s:tf] /f]usf] pkrf/ ul/G5 < of] c:ktfn ljz]iftM cfFvf c:ktfn ePsf]n] k|foMh;f] cfFvf ;DaGwL ;d:of ePsf, b[li6 sdhf]/ ePsf / df]ltlaGb'sf] ljz]if pkrf/ ul/G5 . df]ltlaGb' s] sf/0fn] x'G5 < of] /f]u nfUg glbg s'g} pkfo 5}gg\ < df]ltlaGb' pd]/sf] sf/0fn] nfUg] /f]u xf] . sd pd]/df klg of] /f]u b]vf kg{ ;S5 . cfFvfsf] n]G; klg skfn km'n]h:t} km'N5, o;sf ;fy} ;"o{sf] ljls/0f k|ToIf cfFvfdf kbf{, ue{jtL cj:yfdf cfdfn] s'g} cf}iflw vfFbf klg df]ltlaGb' x'g ;S5 . aRrfdf s'kf]if0f eof] eg], hlGd;s]kl5 rf]6k6s nfu]/, 5fnf ;DaGwL /f]u nfu]/ klg df]ltlaGb' x'g ;S5 . d'Votof %) jif{ pd]/ s6]sf JolQmx?df of] /f]u nfu]sf] kfOG5 . clxn];Dd o;sf] cf}iflw lgl:sPsf] 5}g . o;sf] d'Vo /f]syfd zNolqmof g} xf] . clxn] cfw'lgs k|ljlw km] sf] k|ljlw cfPsf] 5 . o;sf] dfWodaf6 pkrf/ u/]/ /fd|f] Hof]lt kmsf{pg ;lsG5 . xfdLn] cfFvf wldnf] b]lvPsf] v08df cfFvf kl/If0f u/fOxfNg'k5{ .

km]sf] k|ljlw eg]sf] s] xf] < km]sf] k|ljlw gx'Fbf klxnf xftaf6 g} ck|]zg ul/GYof] . xftn] ubf{ 7"nf] lr/f kf/]/ 3fpdf ;+qmd0f x'g] 8/ x'G5 . km]sf] d]l;gaf6 ubf{ ;fgf] lr/f kf/]/ ck/]zg ul/G5 . To;df l5/fP/ ul/G5 . o;f] ubf{ ck/]zg kl5 rfF8f] 3fp lgsf] x'g], cfFvf klg w]/} /ftf] gx'g], ;+qmd0fsf] ;Defjgf sd x'G5 . km]sf] k|ljlwsf] ck/]zg ubf{ lagf OGh]S;g klg ug{ ;lsG5 . o; k|ljlwn] cfFvfdf kl§ nufpg' kb{}g . /]l6gf -kbf{_ lj1 x'g'x'G5 < /]l6gfsf] ;d:of s;/L pTkGg x'G5 < /f]syfdsf pkfo atfOlbg'xf];\ g < /]l6gf eg]sf] cfFvfsf] cToGt ;+j]bgzLn efu xf] . /]l6gfdf cg]s k|sf/sf /f]ux? nfU5 ;S5g\ . ljz]ifu/L k|];/ / ;'u/ ePsf lj/fdLx?sf] /]l6gfdf g;f km'6]/ hfg], /ut hDg], /]l6gf -kbf{_ ;'lGgg], Rofltg] h:tf /f]ux? nfUg ;S5 . h;sf/0f b[li6 u'Dg ;S5 . t;y{ k|];/ ePsf lj/fdLn] lgoldt ?kdf cfFvfsf] gfgL km'nfP/ kbf{sf] hfFr ug{'k5{ . To;}u/L cfFvfdf w]/} kfj/ nfu]sf, rf]6k6s nfu]sf] pd]/n] ubf{ klg /]l6gfdf ;d:of x'g;S5 . kbf{ ;DaGwL /f]syfdsf nflu xfdL;Fu kof{Kt ;'ljwf -OGh]S;g, n]h/ tyf kbf{sf] zNolqmof_ ;d]t pknAw 5 . kbf{sf lj/fdLx?n] cfkm"nfO{ cfFvfdf e';'gf p8]h:tf], kbf{n] 5]s]h:tf], crfgs b[li6 sd ePsf] h:tf], cfuf]sf] lemNsf cfPh:tf] ePdf t'?Gt cfFvf c:ktfndf hfFr ug{' cfjZos dflgG5 . /]l6gfsf] pkrf/sf] nflu xfdLsxfF cTofw'lgs k|ljlw cf]l;6L d]l;g ;d]t pknAw 5 . c:ktfnsf yk sfo{qmd s] s;/L al9/x]sf 5g\ < cfly{s cefjn] ubf{ pkrf/sf] kx'Frdf k'Ug l9nf] ePsf] b]lvPsfn] o:tf lj/fdLnfO{ nlIft u/]/ o; c:ktfnn] sfe|] lhNnfsf] ag]kf gu/kflnsf j8f g+= ^ df d'Vo sfof{no /flv gdf]a'4 gu/kflnsf @ es'08] / wg'iffsf] ldlynf gu/kflnsf–^ 9Ns]j/af6 b}lgs tyf l;Gw'kfNrf]ssf] vf8Lrf}/ / sfe|]sf] s'zfb]jLaf6 dlxgfdf Psk6s k|efjsf/L ;]jf lbFb} cfO/x]sf 5f}+ . ljz]ifu/L sf7df8f}+af6 k"jL{ lhNnf sfe|] l;Gw'kfNrf]s, bf]nvf, eQmk'/ tyf wg'iff cf;kf;sf If]qnfO{ s]lGb|t u/L sfo{qmd lbO/x]sf 5f}+ . jif{df &) j6f eGbf a9L cfFvf lzlj/ dfkm{t :yfgLo :t/df g} k'u]/ ;]jf k|bfg eO/x]sf] 5 .

:yfgLo txsf] e"ldsf s:tf] kfpg'ePsf] 5 < :yfgLo gu/kflnsf tyf ufpFkflnsfn] lgs} ;b\efjk"j{s cGwf]kg lgjf/s sfo{df dxTjk"0f{ ;xof]u ug{'ePsf] 5 . ag]kf gu/kflnsf, kgf}tL gu/kflnsf, gdf]a'4 gu/kflnsf, a]yfgrf]s ufpFkflnsf tyf l;Gw'kfNrf]s lhNnfsf] OGb|fjtL ufpFkflnsf, an]kmL ufpFkflnsf / ln;+v' ufpFkflnsfsf ;Dk"0f{ afl;Gbfx?nfO{ lgMz'Ns df]ltlaGb' zNolqmof ul/Psf] 5 . o;af6 tL If]qx?df lgMz'Ns lzlj/x? cfof]hgf eO/x]sf 5g\ . cGo gu/kflnsf / ufpFkflnsfx?af6 klg o;vfnsf] ;'ljwf k|bfg ug{ xfdL cg'/f]w ub{5f}+ . :jf:Yo jLdf sfo{qmd sfe|]df klg nfu" ePsf] kfOof] of] ;]jf oxf“x?n] lbg' ePsf] 5 ls 5}g < lj/fdL cyjf ;j{;fwf/0fnfO{ :jf:Yo jLdfsf af/]df s] eGg'x'G5 < d+l;/ dlxgfaf6 o; c:ktfnn] g]kfn ;/sf/4f/f nfu" ePsf] :jf:Yo jLdf sfo{qmd ;'? u/]sf] 5 . sfe|] / cf;kf;sf lhNnfx? h'g lhNnfdf :jf:Yo jLdf sfo{qmd nfu' ePsf] 5 ToxfFsf lj/fdLx?n] of] ;]jfaf6 nfe lng ;Sg'x'G5 . :jf:Yo jLdf gug{'ePsf JolQmx?n] :jf:Yo jLdf u/L nfe lngx'g xfdL cg'/f]w ub{5f}+ . c:ktfnn] cf}iflw tyf r:dfsf] k|aGw s;/L ldnfPsf] 5 < lj/fdL ePsf hfFr ug{'ePsf lj/fdLx?sf] nflu ;x'lnot b/df cf}iflw tyf

r:df lbFb} cfPsf 5f}+ . ljz]ifu/L ;fwf/0f kfj/ ePsf r:df !) ldg]6df g} tof/ ul/ k|bfg ul/G5 . cfw'lgs lsl;dsf] d]l;gaf6 r:dfsf] kfj/ /flvG5 . h;sf sf/0f lj/fdLx?nfO{ lgs} ;'ljwf ;fy} 9'Ss x'g] cj:yf 5 . hLjgdf ;]jf ubf{ lj;{g g;Sg] s'g} If0fx? ;Demg'x'G5 < ha lj/fdLx? ck/]zgkl5 km]l/ hrfpFg cfpFbf 8f= ?rL >]i7 sxfF x'g'x'G5 eGb} dnfO{ b]v]/ d]/L gfltgL h:t} nfUof], wGojfb cfFvf b]vfOlbg'eof], eGbf cfTdf ;Gt'li6 ldN5 . pxfFx?sf] v'zL g} d]/f] hLjgsf] lj;{g g;Sg] If0fx? aG5g\ . tkfO{n] 3/ kl/jf/sf] slQsf] ;fy / ;xof]u kfpg'ePsf] 5 < d d]/f] sfddf ljxfg ( ah] lg:sg'k5{, kms{bf a]n'sL x'G5 . Tof]a]nf d]/f] ;f;', ;;'/fn] d]/f] b'O{ 5f]/Lx?sf] /]vb]v ul/lbg'x'G5 . >Ldfg klg xf8hf]gL{sf] 8fS6/ x'g'x'G5 . dnfO{ kl/jf/sf] /fd|f] ;fy / ;xof]u ldn]sf] 5 . d]/f] k|]/0ffsf] ;|f]t cfkm\gf] kl/jf/nfO{ lbg rfxG5' . pxfFx?sf] xf};nf / ;fyn] ubf{ g} d cfh o; 7fpF;Dd cfPsL x'F . cGtdf=== cGtdf, cfv F f;DaGwL cfkm"n] hfg]sf / l;s]sf s'/fx? /fVg lbg'ePsf]df klqsfnfO{ w]/}w]/} wGojfb lbg rfxG5' . ;fy} cfv F f;DaGwL s'g}klg ;d:of ePdf ag]kf a'8f]ndf /x]sf] /]o"sfO{ df;'gfuf cfv F f c:ktfndf cfO{ cfv F fsf] r]shfr F ug{'eO{ eljiodf cfOkg{] cfv F f;DaGwL ;d:ofaf6 9'Ss x'g d cfu|x ub{5' . cfv F fnfO{ x]nr]qmfO{ gug{'xf];\ . cfv F f /x] ;+;f/ b]Vg kfOG5 . /]o"sfO{ cfv F f c:ktfn x/kn x/ ;do tkfO{x?sf] ;]jfdf ;dlk{t 5 .

P;cf]P; xd{g dfOg/ ljBfnodf v]ns'b ;Ktfx z'? >Lv08k' / ÷P;cf] P ; xd{ g dfOg/ ljBfnodf Ps eJo ;df/fx]sf lar vn ] sb' ;Ktfx @)&^ sf] pb3\f6g ul/Psf] 5 . ljBfno Joj:yfkg ;ldltsf cWoIf ;'/]G› cdfufO{sf] cWoIftfdf ;DkGg sfo{qmddf kgf}tL gu/kflnsfsf gu/ k|d'v eLd Gof}kfg]sf] k|d'v cfltYotf /x]sf] lyof] . sfo{qmddf hDdf !) j6f v]n ljleGg ljwfdf sIff g;{/Lb]lv sIff !@ ;Ddsf @%) v]nf8LnfO{ k|lt:kwf{ u/fOg] hfgsf/L ljBfnosf k|frfo{ g/]Zj/ cfrfo{n] hgsf/L lbg'eof] . sfo{qmddf k|d'v cltly Gof}kfg]n] sfe|] lhNnf / kgf}lt gu/kflnsfs} gd'gf ljBfno P;cf]P; /x]sfn] pQm ljBfnon] Nofpg] h:tf;'s} ;xsfo{df xft]dfnf] u/]/ cufl8 a9\g] / cfTd lge{/tfsf nflu ljBfnon] cufl8 ;f/]sf ljifodf s]G›, k|b]z / :yfgLo ;/sf/ ;d]tn] k|fljlws ljifo cWofkg u/fpg Pp6f ;'ljwf ;DkGg ejg agfO{ ;f] ;DaGwL ljifosf] :jLs[lt ;d]t lbOg] k|lta4tf AoQm ug{' ePsf] lyof] .

sfo{qmddf ljz]if cltly P;cf]P; afnu|fd g]kfn lzIff tyf o'jf ljsf; k|d'v 8f= uËf u'?ªn] /fli6«o v]nf8L pTkfbg ug{df P;cf]P; xd{g dfOg/ ljBfno ;kmn ePsf] / !# cf}F ;fusf] km'6ansf] :j0f{ kbs lbnfpg ;kmn /fs]z kl/of/ xd{g dfOg/ ljBfnos} pTkfbg /x]sf] atfpg' ePsf] lyof] . u'?Ën] v]ns'b / lzIffsf If] q df gu/kflnsfsf cGo ljBfnonfO{ xd{g dfOg/ ljBfnon] ;Lk tyf tflndsf] Joj:yfkg ug]{df ;xsfo{ ug{ ;lsg] atfPsf lyP . sfo{qmdsf cWoIf tyf P;cf]P; afnu|fd sfe|]sf afnu|fd lgb]{zs cdufO{n] v]ns'bn] cg'zf;g tyf ;Lk ljsf;df ;xof]u k'of{pg] / xd{g dfOg/ ljBfnosf ljBfyL{df oL b'j} s'/fsf] ljsf; u/fpg ;kmn ePsfdf atfpg' eof] . . Pgl;l; l;lgo/ l8lehgsf Sof8]6 ljBfyL{x?sf] dfr{kf;sf ;fydf ;Dk"0f{ v]nf8LnfO{ dfr{ kf; u/fOPsf] lyof] . v]ns'b sfo{qmdsf ;+of]hs ljBfnosf v]ns'b ;+of]hs ljhos[i0f afb] /xg' ePsf] lyof] .

lzlz/ sfAo uf]i7Ldf kfs]6df/sf] lr7L kgf}tL÷lzlz/ Ct' rln/x]sf] ;dodf cIf/dfu{n] lzlz/ sfAo uf]i7Lsf] cfof]hgf u/]sf] 5 . ;f]xL sfAo uf]i7Ld} 8f= uf]kfn kf}8\ofn d08g]åf/f /lrt kfs]6df/sf] lr7L syf;ª\u|xsf] ljdf]rg ePsf] xf] . pQm k' : tssf] nf] s fk{ 0 f uf]i7Lsf k|d'v cltly ;flxTosf/ efuL/yL >]i7, ;dfnf]rs, w|'a dlwsdL{ snfgLlw bfxfn, dR5]Zj/ ;fksf]6fnufotn] ;+o'Qm ¿kdf u/]sf lyP . sfo{qmdsf k|d'v cltly efuL/yL >]i7n] pQm sfAo uf]i7Ldf af]Nb}] ;flxTon] ;dfhnfO{ ;r]t agfpFb} ;flxTodf 6]jf k'¥ofpg] ljZjf; AoQm u/] . lzlz/ sfAo uf]i7Ldf lhNnfsf ;fy} b]zsf cGo s]xL efuaf6 ;d]t cfPsf tLg bh{g sljx¿sf] ;xeflutf /x]sf] lyof] . sfAo uf]i7Ldf ;'b]; ;Tofnsf] kms]{/ cfp 3/, ;"o{ nfsf]h"sf] d'Qms, ;f/bf zdf{sf] Aoª\Uo sljtf, dR5]Zj/ ;fksf]6f hf]8Lsf] nf]s uLt,

snfgLlw bfxfn, ;? ;'j]bL cflbsf] sljtfn] lzlz/sf] ofddf bz{snfO{ Gofgf] agfPsf] lyof] . To:t} sfo{qmddf ljgf]b vqL cfsfz, bLIff rfkfufO{, s]zj 1jfnL, w'a{s[i0f tfd|fsf/, cf]taxfb'/ v8\sf, ljho/fd sdf{rfo{, t'o'sfhL tfd|fsf/, 5ljl5d]sL, a›L pk|]tL, gd|tf pk|]tL, pdf bfxfn, ;f]dsfhL zfSo, xl/k|;fb rf}nfufO{, uf]kfn kf}8]n, kfj{tL s];L, /fds[i0f e§, k|sfz ;'j]bL, /~hgf lg/f}nf, ;'dg l3ld/,] /bLIff rfkfufO{, /fd;'Gb/ b]phf, nufotsf ;|i6fx¿n] cfˆgf l;h{gf ;'gfPsf lyP . ;f]xL sfo{qmddf cIf/dfu{nfO{ lg/Gt/ ;xof]u ub}{ cfPsf slj w|'as[i0f tfd|fsf/nfO{ sb/kqaf6 ;Ddfg ul/Psf] lyof] . sfo{qmd ;flxTosf/ ;"o{k|;fb nfsf]h"sf] ;efkltTjdf ;DkGg ePsf] lyof] eg] sfo{qmdsf] ;+rfng /fd;'Gb/ b]phf / uLtf bfxfnn] u/]sf lyP .

!! cf}+ h'lgo/ /fli6«o t]SjfG8f] k|ltof]lutf x'g] cfufdL kmfNu'0f !) / !! ut] sfe|] t]SjfG8f] cfOl6Pkm ;+3 tyf sfe|] t]SjfG8f] Ps]8]dLsf] ;+o'Qm cfof]hgfdf !! cf}+ h'lgo/ /fli6«o t]Sjf+8f] cfOl6Pkm k|ltof]lutf ag]kfdf x'g] ePsf] 5 .

Jofkfl/s gu/L ag]kfsf] nfo\s' /fh d~r l:yt cfof]hgf x'g] k|ltof]lutfsf d'Vo ;+of]hs tyf sfe|] t]Sjf+8f] cfOl6Pkm ;+3sf ;+:yfks cWoIf /fh dlGb/ >]i7n] hfgsf/L u/fpg' eof] . k|ltof]lutfdf cfof]hs sfe|] ;lxt ;ftj6} k|b]zsf /fli6«o :t/sf v]nf8Lx¿ ;dfj]z x'g] 5g\ . pQm k|ltof]lutfdf #)) hgf v]nf8Lx¿n] efu lng]5g\

pQm sfo{qmdsf] nflu ljleGg ;ldltx? rog u/sf 5g\ . h;df cfly{s Joj:yfkg ;+of]hsdf lutf sfoi7, clkml;on tyf Joj:yfkg ;+of]hsdf /fh]Gb| j:g]t, k|rf/ k|;f/ tyf ;"rgf cfbfg k|bfg Joj:yfkg ;+of]hsdf clg; dfgGw/, /]lk|m ;+of]hsdf /fh]z af]nfv], ;fF:s[lts sfo{qmd ;+of]hsdf xl/ sdf{rfo{, :jo+ ;]js ;+of]hsdf dbg nfdf, v]n d}bfg Joj:yfkg ;+of]hsdf ch'{g clwsf/L, k'/:sf/ Joj:yfkg ;+of]hsdf 3gZofd s]=;L, d~r Joj:yfkg ;+of]hsdf r'8fdl0f s'Fj/, k|fylds pkrf/ Joj:yfkg ;+of]hsdf ch'{g kf08] / xf]6n Joj:yfkg ;+of]hsdf s~rg gflkt, cfly{s Joj:yfkg pk;ldlt ;+of]hsdf lszf]/ j?0f >]i7 /x]sf] o; ;+3sf ;+:yfks cWoIf /fh dlGb/ >]i7n] hfgsf/L u/fpg' eof] .

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ltdlN;gf aGw'x?nfO{ ;xof]usf] cfAxfg ltdlN;gfx?sf] s'n k'hfsf nflu u7g ul/Psf] ljGwafl;gL ltdlN;gf k|lti7fgn] lgdf{0f ug{ nfu]sf] ;+/rgfsf nflu ^ cfgf klxNo} vl/b ul/;lsPsf] / ^ cfgf yk u/L ;+/rgf lgdf{0f ug{] pb]Zo /x]sfn] pQm hUuf vl/bsf nflu cfjZos ;xof]u /sd ck'u ePsfn] ltdlN;gf aGw'x?n] cfkm'n] ;s]sf] /sd ;xof]u ug{ cfAxfg ub{5f}+ .

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motiramtimalsina@gmail.com

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tLg jif]{ km;]as ' kd]|, ljjfx kl5 ;ft}f ev{/} ;lsof] cGt/fli6«o n}lËs lx+;f lj?4sf] lbj; . w]/} AofVof klg ul//xg' kb{}g . lx+;fsf ?k km]l/Psf 5g\ . ?k ablnPsf 5g\ . ;f/ Pp6} 5 . dlxnf / k'?if ;dfg ?kdf lx+;fdf k/]sf 5g\ . sf/0f km/s km/s x'g ;S5g\ . t/ klg plgx?sf] ef]ufO{ p:t} 5 . k'?if gfds hftn] lbPsf] b'Mv / x}/fgLn] slt dlxnf hLjgsf] aLr af6f]d} cnkq k/]sf 5g\ . plgx?af6 hGd]sf ;Gtfgsf] t s'/} gu/f}+ . kl/jf/, ;dfhn] yk lx+;f Aoxf]g{ afWo kf/]sf cg'e"ltx? v} s;/L ;f6'F < cg]s rfxgf / cfjZostf xf]nfg\ . k"/f ug{] s'/f t cnUu} pN6} cf/f]k afx]s c? x'g ;Sb}g . nf]Ug] gfdsf k'?ifx?n] dlxnfx?nfO{ of}gsf] bf;L dfq} ;Demg] u/]sf 5g\ . v'n]cfd plgx? Pp6L :qLnfO{ 3/df /fv]/ aflx/ k/:qL;Fu cg}lts ;DaGwdf x'G5g\ . cg}lts ;DaGw /xFbf /xFb} csf{] dlxnfnfO{ ljjfx u/L wf]sf ;d]t lbG5g\ . dlxnf / k'?if b'a}sf] lhDd]jf/L t xf]nf t/ To;sf] k|d'v bf]ifL k'?if x'g\ . kl5Nnf] ;do ;fdflhs ;~hfnn] dflg;sf] dg tf]8]sf] 5 . ;DaGw tf]8]sf] 5 . cfkmGt 6f9f ePsf 5g\ . 6f9fsf glhs ePsf 5g\ . 3/ ljlu|Psf] 5 . ;dfh ljlu|Psf] 5 . b]z lju|g yfn]sf] 5 . sfd eGbf w]/} s'/f x'g yfn]sf] 5 . ;xhtf eGbf w]/} c;xhtf x'g yfn]sf] 5 . /fd|f] eGbf g/fd|f] w]/} s'/f ;'lgg yfn]sf] 5 . t/ klg dfG5]x? To;d} /dfO{/x]sf 5g\ . a? vfgf 5f8\g tof/ xf]nfg\ ;fdflhs ;~hfnsf] k|of]udf dfG5]n] sdL ug{ ;s]sf] 5}g . ;fdflhs ;~hfndf bfz{lgs kfqb]lv /dfOnf JolQm / lgs} 1fgjfg dflg;b]lv e|ddf afFRg]x¿;Dd x'G5g . ;~rf/sf clwsf+z dfWodn] ;sf/fTds va/sf] t'ngfdf gsf/fTds ;fdu|LnfO{ k|f]T;fxg ug]{ x'Fbf ;j{;fwf/0fn] klg To;}df a9L ljdz{ ul//x]sf 5g\ . ;xL unt h] eP klg ;/sf/L :t/ jf lhDd]jf/ JolQmTjx¿n] ljlwsf] zf;gsf] ;Ddfg ub}{ cfˆgf] sfo{ ug]{ xf] eg] hgdfg;df ePsf] lg/fzf s]xL xb ;Dd sd x'G5 . ;fdflhs ;~hfnn] g/fd|f];Fu} /fd|f] ;"rgf klg k|efj ul//x]sf] 5 . s]xL ;do klxn] a+unfb]zsL rlr{t n]vs t;lndf g;l/gn] Pp6f n]v dfkm{t ;Gb]z k|bfg u/]sL lyO{g\ . g;l/g pbf/jfbL / d'Qm ljrf/ dflysf] ;fd"lxs c:jLs[lt / 3[0ffsf ;a} ¿k em]n]sL n]vs x'g\ . …sGkmld{:6Ú ;f+:s[lts ;Qf / ;dfhsf] d"nwf/

lj?4 n]v]s} sf/0f pgn] bzsf}+b]lv cfˆg} b]z 6]Sg kfPsL 5}gg\ . ;dfhsf] Pp6f k+lQm ckdfg / 3[0ffsf] xltof/ pWofP/ lg/Gt/ pgLlj?4 vlgPsf] 5 . / Tof] k+lQmnfO{ clxn] km];a's, 6\jL6/ nufotsf k|ljlw ;~hfnsf] pkof]u u/]/ lx+;|s k|ltlqmof ug{ emg} ;xh ePsf] 5 . slt;Dd eg] pgnfO{ o:t} dWo]sf dflg;x¿ 3LgnfUbf ufnL dfq} ub}{gg\, anfTsf/sf] wDsL;d]t lbG5g\ . xfd|f] hLjgdf cleGg alg;s]sf] ;fdflhs ;~hfnsf] cfjZostf / e"ldsfaf/] xfdL kl/lrt 5f}+ . ;"rgf / ;Gb]zsf] ;Dk|]if0fdf dfq} xf]Og, ljrf/ / cg'e"ltsf] tTsfn k|sfzg / lzi6 l6Kk0fLsf nflu km];a's, 6\jL6/ nufotsf dfWodn] v]n]sf] ;sf/fTds e"ldsfnfO{ sd cfFSg ;lsGg g}, t/ ;fdflhs ;~hfn hLjg / ;dfhsf sltko ;+j]bgzLn ljifodf s'g dfqfdf ;fdflhs aGg ;s]sf] 5 < o;dfly Wofg lbg h?/L e};s]sf] 5 . ;fdflhs ;~hfn leq s'lT;t z}nL / cZnLn efiffdf lj/f]wL :j/nfO{ hltv]/} emlD6g ;Sg] ;'ljwfn] klg dflg;x¿sf clgolGqt /f]if / ljs[t s'07f 5tf5'Nn 5g\ . k'/ftgkGyL ;f]rsf] clt cfu|x, rsf]{ c;lxi0f'tf / c/fhstf r'lnFbf] 5 . k|foM pbf/ / nf]stflGqs d"Nodf ljZjf; ug]{ h'g;'s} ;dfhsf] af}l4s tKsfdfly olta]nf lg/Gt/ o:t} k+lQmsf] cfqmd0f al9/x]sf] 5 .

To;dfly klg ;fdflhs ;+jfb / af}l4s ultljlwdf cufl8 b]lvg] dlxnf dflysf] cfqmd0f eLif0f :t/df j[l4 x'Fb} 5 . km];a'ss} sf/0f ljleGg lhNnfdf dlxnfx?n] cfTdxTof ul//x]sf 5g\ . cfkmGt l;t ko{6sLo :yn 3'Dg uPsf a]nf lel8of] agfP/ ;fdflhs ;~hfn km];a'sdf efO/n agfO{ lbP kl5 dfgl;s tgfjdf Ps o'jtLn] cfTdxTof ul/g\ . c?s} gfddf cs{}sf] tl:j/ ;d]t /fv]/ km]s PsfpG6 vf]nL km];a's rnfO{ dfgl;s oftgf lbg] u/]sf 36gf klg 5g\ . o:tf y'k|} 36gf ;'g]sL d}n] cfkm\g} hLjgdf ef]Ug' kbf{sf] sxfnLnfUbf] b[Zoaf6 dg cl8g ;s]sf] 5}g . @)&# d+l;/sf] dlxgf lyof] . 3/ kl/jf/df d}n] ljjfx ug{ dflg/x]sf] lyO{gF . pd]/ klg w]/} ePsf] lyPg . s]lx cIf/ k9]sL d}n] a'af cfdfnfO{ s]lx ;do kl5 ljjfx ug{] dg;fo AoQm u/]+ . pxfFx? klg bafadf kg{' eof] . cfkmGtn] s]6f /fd|f] /x]5 . ;f]emf] / OdfGbf/ s]6f kfpg d'l:sn 5 . cWoog ug{] eg] klg u/fO{

lbG5' eg]sf 5g\ . geP kl5 efUodf h] 5 Tolx ef]uf}+nf . clxn]nfO{ o;d} dGh'/ ubf{ /fd|f] x'G5 eGg] k6s k6ssf] bafa lyof] . Tof] bafanfO{ d}n] gsfg{ ;lsgF . clxn] afa' cfdfn] eg]sf] gdfg]/ kl5 b'Mv kfpg' klg t lyPg . pd]/ ev{/ !( nfUb} lyof] . d}n] ;xdlt hgfPF . ;f]lx jif{sf] d+l;/ @@ ut] d]/f] dflu ljjfx eof] . ljjfxsf] Ps jif{ gk'Ub} xfdLaf6 Ps ;Gtfgsf] hGd eof] . z'?df pgn] dnfO{ vf;} g/fd|f] u/]sf klg x}gg\ . d]/f] klg hjfgL lyof] . klxnf] k|]d lyof] . ljjfx kl5sf] k|]d cflTdotf lyof] . ;fob klxnf] k6s s'g} k'?ifnfO{ d}n] dg k/fPsf] lyPF eg] pg}nfO{ lyof] . pgL;Fu afx]s c?;Fu 5

/x]5 . p;Fu dfof k|]d ;d]t a;L ;do ;dodf e]63f6 ;d]t u/L ;do ;dodf ;fydf g} a:g yfln;s]sf /x]5g\ . aRrf x's{Fb} lyof] . ;Demgf bg'jf/ eGg] o'jtL;Fu ;Gtaxfb'/sf] ;DjGwsf af/]df ufpFe/L rrf{ rln/x]sf] lyof] . d}n] ljZjf; g} ug{ ;ls/x]sf] lyOgF . @)&% ;fnsf] ltxf/sf] s'/f xf] . ltxf/sf] ef] l nkN6 ;Demgfn] ;Gtaxfb'/nfO{ xfdL ljjfx u/]/ efuf}+ eg]sL /lx5g\ . >Ldfgn] t ue{df /x]sf] aRrf ;d]t ghGdfpg eg]sf lyP . pgsf] ;f]r g} ck/flws /x]5 . ck/flws ;f]rnfO{ k"/f ug{] of]hgf cg';f/ pgn] Tof] ;a} v]n v]ln/x]sf /x]5g\ . ;DemgfnfO{ ;Gtaxfb'/n] lnP/ efu]sf] s'/f xNnf km}ln/x]sf] lyof] .

sfg'gL ?kdf ;DaGw laR5]b ;d]t geO{ c+z lbO{ sfg'gtM ?kdf 5'§ leGg gePsf] ca:yfdf sfG5L >LdtLsf] ?kdf ;Demgf bg'jf/nfO{ NofPsf] / ;Demgf bg'jf/n] kgL ;Gtaxfb'/ tfdfªsf] 3/df >LdtL / aRrf ;d]t ePsf] hfgsf/L x'+Fbf x'+b} csf{] >LdtL agL cfPsfn] b'a} hgfnfO{ lhNnf ;/sf/L jlsn sfof{no sfe|]knf~rf]s w'lnv]n dfkm{t k|x/Ln] w' l nv] n jf6 d' n ' s L kmf} h bf/L sfof{ljlw -;+lxtf_ P]g @)&$ sf] bkmf #! sf] pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd ax'ljjfx d'2f btf{ u/]+ . ljjfx ab/ u/L d]/f] xs sfod ug{ d}n] dfu u/]sf] x'F . cflv/ k'?ifx?nfO{ rflxg] s] /}5 < gf/L clwsf/ / ;dfgtfsf] s'/f klg d'vd}

p;n] d;Fu ljjfx ug{' cufj} p;sf] k|]d /x]sf] o'jtL;Fu cg}lts ;DjGw /fVg EofP5 . >Ldfg ;Gt axfb'/ tfdfª;+u @)&@ ;fn b]vL g} km];a's dfkm{t lrghfg eO{ gDa/ ;d]t cfbfg k|bfg ePsf] /x]5 . p;Fu dfof k|]d ;d]t a;L ;do ;dodf e]63f6 ;d]t u/L ;do ;dodf ;fydf g} a:g yfln;s]sf /x]5g\ . ljjfx ug{] k|:tfj cfpFbf d}n] l:jsf/]sf] klg lyO{g\ . efUodf Tolx n]v]sf] lyof] xf]nf ;fob . Pj+ l/tn] ;do ljTb} uof] . xfdL aLrsf] ;'dw'/tf kftlnb} uPsf] cg'e"lt x'g yfNof] . d ue{jtL ePF . ue{jtL x'g] rfxgf klg lyPg . pd]/ slnn} 5 eGg] ;f]r klg lyof] . cfkm'n] rfxgf u/] cg';f/ x'g] eP t ljjfx klg t rfF8} x'Fb}g lyof] lg < dg dg} Psflt/ lrQ a'emfPF . csf{] lt/ cfdf aGg nfu]sf]df v'zL ePF . ptf >Ldfg\sf] Aojxf/ kl/jt{g x'Fb} uPsf] lyof] . pgsf] vfgf vfg] cfpg] 7]ufg klg lyPg . pgn] rnfpg] df]jfO{ndf dnfO{ lj:tf/} k|ltjGw x'g yfNof] . k|ltjGwsf afah't klg d}n] slxn]sfFlx pgsf] df]jfO{n n'6]/ pgsf ultljlwx? lgofNg yfn]+ . pgL d;Fu eGbf c? sf]lx;Fu k|]ddf lnKt /x]sf] kfPF . kl5 t df]jfO{n / P;PdP;s} sf/0f 3/df snx x'g yfNof] . slt;Dd eg] cfkm\gf] afgL To:tf] eP kl5 dnfO{ o:tf] / p:tf] eGg yfNof] . dfO{tLsf cfkmGtx?;Fu af]Nbf klg z+sf ug{ yfNof] . otf d ;'Ts]/L ePF . ptf p;n] d;Fu ljjfx ug{' cufj} p;sf] k|]d /x]sf] o'jtL;Fu cg}lts ;DjGw /fVg EofP5 . >Ldfg ;Gt axfb'/ tfdfª;+u @)&@ ;fn b]vL g} km];a's dfkm{t lrghfg eO{ gDa/ ;d]t cfbfg k|bfg ePsf] sf]

To;sf] cflwsf/Lstf k'li6 x'g ;s]sf] lyPg . @)&% kmfu'g !( ut] . lbpF;f] # ah]sf] lyof] xf]nf . ;Demgf bg'jf/;Fu km];a's dfkm{t lrghfg eO{ b'j}sf] ;xdtL cg';f/ kf]v/f k'u]sf] ljjfx u/]sf] hfgsf/L eof] . ljjfx kZrft sfG5L >LdtL ;DemgfnfO{ p;n] dfO{tL l:yt 3/ kfFrvfndf g} /fVb} cfPsf] hfgsf/L eof] . @)&% kmfu'g !! ut] kfFrvfn l:yt p;s}] dfdfsf] 5f]/fsf] a|taGw lyof] . a|taGw cufj} @)&% df3 * ut]sf] lbg g} dfdf 3/df a;L ;Demgf bg'jf/;Fu e]63f6 u/L /x]sf] cj:yfdf hfgsf/L kfP kl5 k|x/LnfO{ va/ u/]+ . k|x/Ln] plgx? b'j}nfO{ kqmfp u/L lhNnf k|x/L sfof{no NofPsf] lyof] . plgx? lj?4 d}n] tTsfn ax'ljjfx d'2f lzif{sdf hfx]/L b/vf:t lbP nuQ} k|x/L 6f]nLn] plgx?nfO{ kqmfp u/]sf] lyof] . plgx? ljjfx u/]sf] s]lx ;do kf]v/f uP/ a;]sf /x]5g\ . Tolta]nf p;n] cfkm\gf] alxgL ;'Ts]/L ePsf] afxfgf agfPsf] /x]5 . >Ldfg ev{/ @! jif{sf eP . d @) jif{ nfUb} 5' . @) jif{d} d cfdf eO{;s]sf] 5' . @)&% k'if @@ ut]] w'lnv]n gu/kflnsf j8f gDj/ !! l:yt cfˆg} 3/df >Ldfg ;Gtaxfb'/ tfdfªn] cfˆgf] 3/ >LdtL / ! 5f]/f ;d]t x'+Fbf x'+b}

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sfF6L uf8]/ kfkLx?n] pxfFnfO{ qm';df em'08\ofP/ dfl/lbP t/ pxfF slxn] klg dg{' ePg ;Tosf] ;+;f/af6 dfG5] sxfF ;kmn x'Fbf] /x]5 / s]an xltof/af6 lh;; ;bf hLljt /xg'eof] afOan ljrf/af6 ;'hg a'9fyf]sL

o'jfsf] ;lqmotfdf ;+f:s[lts sfo{qmd ag]kf÷cG6]e d]nf]8L O{lGiRo'6sf] cfof]hgfdf lqm;d;sf] cj;/df ;fj{hflgs :yn / d~rx?sf] ;+/If0f u/f} eGg] p2]Zon] a[xt ;fF:s[lts sfo{qmdsf] cfof]hgf u/]sf] 5 . cfof]hgfsf] pb\3f6g ag]kf gu/kflnsfsf gu/ k|d'v nIdL g/l;+afb]n] ug{' ePsf] lyof] . jfb]n] o'jfx?sf] ;lqmotfdf ul/Psf] sfo{qmddf gu/kflnsfn] ;Sbf] ;xof]u ug{] atfpg' eof] . gu/kflnsfn] ;fj{hflhs hUuf, d~r, d7dlGb/ / ;+:s[ltsf] hu{]gf ug{ nflu/x]sf] atfpg' eof] . ;a} ldnL gu/kflnsf PSn}n] ;Dk'0f{ sfo{ ug{ g;Sg] ePsfn] o'jf, nufot gu/jf;L ;a}n] ;fy lbg'kg{] afb]n] atfpg' eof] . sfo{qmdsf af/]df O{lGl6Ro'6sf k|f]kfO{6/ sNkgf >]i7n] /fVg' ePsf] lyof] . sfoq{mddf cl8of] :Sjfo8 AofG8, :yfgLo snfx?sf] k:|tt'L, ;f:sl[ts afhf, af;/'L, lwd] afhf, gT[o ;u} gj]f/L vfhf af/f,r6fd/L, ofd]/L, ;doahL nufPtsf kl/sf/x? /xs ] f] hfgsf/L lbg' ePsf] lyof] . sfoq{mdsf] p2Z]o egs ] f] nfk]xg' nfus ] f] ;:+st[L, ;fjh { flgs :yn / d~rx?sf] ;/+If0f ug,{] cfkmg\f] 7fpFnfO{ dfof ug,{] oj'fx?nfO{ kT|;fx]fg ug]{ /xs ] f] >i]7n] atfpg' eof] . sfoq{mddf oj'f, :yfgLo / cfkmg\f] ;:+st[L ;DalGwsf afhfufhf ;dt] k:|tt' ul/Psf] lyof] .

lSjh M #@& ;l/tf ;fksf]6f

!_ ld; o'lge;{sf] yfngL s] k|of]hgsf nflu ePsf] lyof] < @_ ln+Ë kl/jt{g ug{] klxnf] g]kfnL sf] x'g\ < #_ rGb|dfaf6 NofO{Psf] ;a} eGbf 7'nf] r§fgsf] gfd s] xf] < $_ g]kfndf o'4 ko{6gsf] z'?jft s'g 7fpFdf ul/g] ePsf] 5 < %_ cd]l/sfdf /fi6«kltsf] lgjf{rg s] af/ x'G5 < ^_ cf]nDkLs / kf/f cf]nlDks b'a} ;+:s/0fdf ;xeflu v]nf8L sf] x'g\ < &_ ;g\ @)!@ sf] cfly{s dlGbn] ;a} eGbf g/fd|/L k|efj k/]sf] o'/f]k]nL /fi6« s'g xf] < *_ hufltk'/ b/jf/ s;n] agfP < (_ g]kfndf slt lhNnfdf r'/] hnfwf/ ;+/If0f sfo{qmd ;+rfng ePsf] 5 < !)_ utfÍ k|sflzt r]i6f ;fKtflxsdf k|sflzt ljrf/ :tDedf s] ljifo ;d]l6Psf] 5 <

k|fof]hs ljBf;fu/ af]l8{· :s'n ag]kf, sfe|]

r]i6f ;fKtflxs

ag]kf–!), sfe|], )!!–^^@$($ Od]nM cheshtaweekly@yahoo.com j]jM cheshtaweekly.com.np

lSjhdf ;f]lwPsf k|Zgx?sf] ;lx hjfkm sfof{nosf] 6]lnkmf]g )!!–^^@$($ tyf x'nfs tyf Od]n dfkm{t k7fpg]]x? dWo]af6 k|To]s xKtfsf] PshgfnfO{ uf]nfk|yfåf/f ljh]tf 3f]if0ff ul/g]5 . ljh]tfsf] gfd dlxgfsf] klxnf] xKtf ljlxaf/ k|sfzg / k|fOd PkmPdaf6 k|;f/0f x'g] ljxfgsf] z'ek|eft sfo{qmddf k|;f/0f ul/g]5 . ljh]tfx?nfO{ r]i6f ;fKtflxssf] tkm{af6 cfs{ifs pkxf/ k|bfg ul/g]5 . ljh]tfx?n] k'/:sf/sf] nflu r]i6f ;fKtflxssf] sfof{nodf ;Dks{ /fVg'kg{]5 .

r]i6f ;fKtflxs

!)

sd{rf/L cfjZostf

t]hu+uf ax'd'vL SofDk;

-k|yd k6s k|sflzt ldlt @)&^.)(.)* ut] d+unaf/_

kgf}tL gu/kflnsf–*, sfe|]

o; ;xsf/L ;+:yfsfnflu lgDg adf]lhd sd{rf/Lx? cfjZos k/]sf] x'Fbf OR5's JolQmx?n] tf]lsPsf] ldlt leq b/vf:t lbg'x'g cg'/f]w ul/G5 .

l;naGbL sf]6]zg cfJxfgsf] ;"rgf

!= kb M slgi7 ;xfos-ahf/_ tx M @ Go"gtd z}lIfs of]Uotf M jfl0fHo ljifo jf cy{zf:q lnO{ bz hf]8 b'O{ plt0f{ jf cy{zf:q ljifo lnO{ S.L.C/S.E.E u/L sDtLdf ! jif{sf] cg'ej ePsf] pd]/ M #) jif{ ggf3]sf] cfjZos ;+Vof M ! hgf cfj]bg z'Ns M ?= !)).– cfjZos sfuhftx? M != g]kfnL gful/stfsf] k|ltlnlk @= xfn;fn} lvr]sf] kmf]6f] ! k|lt #= z}lIfs of]Uotfsf] k|df0f kq $= sfo{ cg'ejsf] k|df0f kq %= afof]8f6f cfj]bg lbg] clGtd ldlt M @)&^.)(.!# ut] cfOtaf/ kbk"lt{ pk ;ldlt

gf]a]n art tyf C0f ;xsf/L ;+:yf ln= ag]kf &, sfe|], ;Dks{ g++ )!!–^^!$!!

pBd of]hgf k]z ug{sf] nflu ;"rgf u|fdL0f ljsf; ;+:yf sfe|] lhNnfdf :yflkt u}/ ;/sf/L ;+:yf xf] . o; ;+:yfn] tdh hd{gL;Fusf] ;fem]bf/Ldf lbuf] kof{j/l0fo ljsf;sf nflu o'jf sfo{qmd ;~rfng ul//x]sf] 5 . pQm sfo{qmd cGt{ut gdf]a'4 gu/kflnsfdf /x]sf o'jf Snjsf ;b:ox?nfO{ pBd ug{sf] nflu pTk|l/t ug]{ p2]Zon] b"O{ hgf o'jfnfO{ k|lt o'jf ?= %)))).)) cIf?kL krf; xhf/ ?k}of dfq cfly{s ;xof]u pknAw u/fOg] ePsf] x'bf o; ;"rgf k|sfl;t ePsf] ldltn] & lbg leq cfˆgf] k|:tfjgf tyf pBd of]hgf k]z ug'{ x'g cg'/f]w 5 . k|:tfjgf÷pBd of]hgf k]z ug{sf] nflu zt{x? ¨o'jf gdf]a'4 gu/kflnsf leq :yfO{ a;f]jf; u/]sf] x'g' kg]{5 . ¨ pd]/sf] xsdf @$ aif{ ggf3]sf] o'jf x'g' kg]{5 . ¨ pBd of]hgf lbuf], >[hgfTds tyf u|Lg/L ;DaGwL x'g' kg]{5 . ¨ u|fdL0f ljsf; ;+:yfsf] ;xhLs/0fdf gdf]a'4 gu/kflnsdf u7g ePsf o'jf Snjx?df ;b:o ePsf] x'g' kg]{5 . ¨ pBdL cfkm}n] sDtLdf ?= %)))).)) ;lxt Ps nfv eGbf dfly vr{ ug]{ ul/ pBd of]hgf lgdf{0f ug'{ kg]{5 . ¨ pBd nfdf] ;do ;Dd lg/Gt/ ?kdf ug]{ k|ltj4tfsf ;fy k]z ePsf] x'g' kg]{ 5 . k]z ug]{ clGtd ldlt M @)&^ kf}if !^ ut], sfof{no ;do leq

k|:tfjgf÷pBd of]hgf k]z ug]{ :yfg M

u|fdL0f ljsf; ;+:yf sfe|] ;Dks{ sfof{no M ag]kf, gu/kflnsf k5fl8, pBf]u jfl0fHo ;+3 hfg] af6f] ;Dks{ g+= (*^)@!^^&) -;'hg tfdfª_, (*$(&%)@^) -;~hLj Gof}kfg]_

jif{ @^ c+s ( @)&^ kf}if !) ut] ljxLjf/

k|yd k6s k|sflzt ldltM @)&^÷)(÷!)

!= t]hu+uf ax'd'vL SofDk;df tkl;n cg';f/sf ;fdu|Lx? v/Lb sfo{ ug'{ kg]{ ePsfn] g]kfn ;/sf/af6 Ohfht k|fKt Joj;foL jf sDkgLaf6 lgDg zt{sf] cwLgdf /xL l/tk"j{s b/efpkq cfJxfg ul/G5 . @= OR5's tyf Ohfht k|fKt ;Knfo;{n] l;naGbL b/efpkq kmf/d tyf o; ;DaGwL yk hfgsf/L t]hu+uf ax'd'vL SofDk;, kgf}tL gu/kflnsf–*, dlNk, sfe|]knf~rf]s kmf]g g+= )!!–$$))@* af6 k|fKt ug{ ;Sg' x'g] 5 . #= b/efpkq ;DaGwL sfuhft @)&^÷)(÷!) ut] b]lv sfof{no v'n]sf] lbg sfof{no ;do leq rfn' cf=a=sf] nflu gjLs/0f ePsf] O{hfhtkq, cfos/sf] :yfoL n]vf k|df0fkq, cf=j= @)&%÷)&^ sf] s/ r'Qmf k|df0f–kq, d'=c=s/ btf{ k|df0f–kqsf] k|dfl0ft k|ltlnlk ;+nUg /fvL b/efp kqsf] ?= !))).– b:t'/ -lkmtf{ gx'g] u/L_ a'emfO{ v/Lb ug{ ;lsg]5 . b/efpkq ;DaGwL sfuhft @)&^÷)(÷@$ ut] ljxfgsf] !)M)) ah];Dd laqmLsf nflu pknAw x'g]5 . $= v/Lb ePsf k|To]s l;naGbL sf]6]zg kq @)&^÷)(÷@% ut] ljxfgsf] !)M)) ah] leq o; sfof{nosf] gfddf ;Daf]wg u/L sfdsf] ljj/0f, b/efpkq bftfsf] gfd / 7]ufgf :ki6 v'nfO{ kmd{sf] 5fk nufO{ l;naGbL nfxf5fk u/L o; sfof{nodf btf{ u/fpg' kg]{5 . %= l;naGbL b/efpkqsf] dfGo cjlw b/efpkq vf]lng] lbgjf6 $% lbgsf] x'g'kg]{5 / l;naGbL b/efpkq;fy gub hdflg jf ;f] /sd a/fa/ l;naGbL b/efpkq vf]lng] ldltaf6 slDtdf &% lbg -@)&^÷!@÷!! ;Dd_ Dofb ePsf] g]kfnsf] s'g} afl0fHo a}+saf6 o; sfof{nosf] kIfdf hf/L ePsf] a}+s Uof/]G6L k]z ug'{ kg]{5 . ^= olb b/efpkq bftfn] gub hdflg /fVg rfx]df jf ;f] gub o; sfof{nosf] /fli6«o jfl0fHo a}+s, ag]kf zfvf df /x]sf] rNtL vftf g+= !*!)))))@$)! df gub hDdf u/]sf] ;Ssn} a}+s ef}r/ l;naGbL b/efpkq ;fy k]z ug'{ kg{]5 . &= btf{ ePsf l;naGbL b/efpkq @)&^÷)(÷@% ut] tn pNn]v u/] cg';f/sf] ;dodf l;naGbL b/efpkqbftf jf lghsf k|ltlglwx? / v/Lb ;ldltsf k|ltlglwx?sf] /f]xj/df o; sfof{nodf vf]lng]5 . l;naGbL b/efpkqbftf jf lghsf k|ltlglw pkl:yt geP klg b/efpkq vf]Ng s'g} afwf kg]{ 5}g . *= l;naGbL b/efpkq v/Lb ug{], bflvnf ug]{ Pj+ vf]Ng] clGtd lbg ;fj{hlgs ljbf k/]df pQm sfo{x? labfsf] nuQ} kl5 sfof{no v'n]sf] lbg ;f]xL ;dodf x'g]5 . (= l;naGbL b/efpkq :jLs[t ePkl5 7]Ssf ;Demf}tf ubf{ s"n 7]Ssf c+ssf] % k|ltztn] x'g] /sd a/fa/sf] gub hdflg jf 36Ldf ! jif{ Dofb ePsf] g]kfnsf] s'g} afl0fHo a}+saf6 o; sfof{nosf] kIfdf hf/L ePsf] sfo{ ;Dkfbg hdfgLkq -k/km/d]G; a08_ k]z ug'{ kg]{5 . !)= l;naGbL b/efpkq tof/ ug{] l;nl;nf jf a'emfpFbf nfUg] s'g} vr{ o; SofDk;n] Aoxf]g]{ 5}g . !!= l;naGbL b/efpkq k'/} jf cf+lzs :jLsfg]{ jf ab/ ug]{ ;Dk"0f{ clwsf/ o; SofDk; df lglxt /xg]5 . !@= Ps kmd{sf] gfddf v/Lb ul/Psf] l;naGbL b/efpkq kmf/d csf]{ JolQm jf kmd{sf] gfdaf6 bflvnf ug{ kfOg] 5}g . !#= o; ;"rgfdf pNn]v gePsf ljifodf ;fj{hlgs vl/b P]g, @)^#, ;fj{hlgs vl/b lgoddfjnL, @)^$ -@)^*, ;+zf]wg ;lxt_ adf]lhd x'g]5 . tkl;n M ;+s]t g= UGC/HERP/TMC/SQ/G/05

lznjGbL b/efp kqsf] gfd

b/efpkq hdfgL b/efp kq vf]Ng] /sd ;do @(,($%.— lbgsf] !=#) ah] sIff sf]7f kmlg{r/ v/Lb SofDk; k|d'v

r]i6f ;fKtflxs k|sfzgsf nflu k|sfzs.;Dkfbs M czf]s Jof~h", sfo{sf/L ;Dkfbs M df]tL/fd ltdlN;gf, sfof{no M ag]kf !), sfe|], kmf]g g+= )!!^^@$($ email: cheshtaweekly@yahoo.com/website: www.cheshtaweekly.com.np, d'b|0f M ;Gtf]if lk|lG6ª k|];, ag]kf, sfe|]