tLg jif{df $,!() ue{ktg
– @) jif{ eGbf sd pd]/sf # ;o #)
bfjf l5l/ª -ltAatL d"nsf a]lNhog gful/s_ y'Kt]g l5l/ª -lrlgofF d"nsf ef/tLo gful/s_
@)^# ;fn d+l;/ @$ ut] af}4af6 kqmfp -ltAatL lrlgofF eg]/ d'2f rnfOPsf] /]s8{_
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@)&$ k'; @) ut] lgdf tfdfªsf gfddf lst]{ u/L g]kfnL gful/stf / df3df /fxbfgL
lnPsf] /]s8{ -gful/stf lnFbf k|of]u ul/Psf ;a} sfuhft gSsnL . cg';'rL klg ufoa ._
@)&^ ;fndf km]l/ kqmfp
@)^& ;fn k'; !( kqmfp
-u}+8fsf] vfu t:s/Lsf] cf/f]k_ !) jif{ s}b / ! nfv hl/jfgf @)&! ;fn r}t !^ ut] s]Gb|Lo sf/fuf/ ;?jf @)&@ c;f]h !( df gVv' sf/fuf/ ;?jf
df]tL/fd ltdlN;gf ag]kf
O{nfsf k|x/L sfof{no ag]kfdf @)*) ;fpg t]>f] ;ftf sIff !)
df cWoog/t !& alif{of aflnsfsf] xf8gftf s/0fLsf sf/0f b'O{ dlxgfsf] ue{ /x]sf] hfx]/L btf{ eof] . k|x/Ln] tTsfn} cf/f]lkt AolQmnfO{ kqmfp u/L cg';Gwfg z'? u¥of] . cbfntsf] cfb]z dfkm{t b'O{ dlxgfsf] ue{nfO{ ;'/lIft ?kdfktgu/fof]. sfe|]knf~rf]s lhNnfdf tLg jif{sf] cjwLdf $ xhf/ ! ;o () j6f ue{ ;'/lIft ?kdf ktg u/fPsf] /]s8{ ;fj{hlgs ul/Psf] 5 . ;'/lIft ue{ktg u/fpg]x?sf] ;+Vof :yfgLo kflnsfx?n] pknAw u/fPsf] ljj/0fsf cfwf/df :jf:Yo sfof{no sfe|]n] tof/ kf/]sf] xf] . of] tYofÍdf lhNnfdf @) jif{ eGbf sd pd]/ ;d'xsf # ;o #) hgfsf] ue{ktg ePsf] tYofÍn] b]vfpF5 . To;df aflnsfx?sf] ;+Vof klg 5 . ljBfno pd]/df cfkm} ljjfx u/]/ uPsf tyf cfkm'v'zL c;'/lIft ;DjGw /fv]sf aflnsfx?n] 3/ kl/jf/sf] hfgsf/L ljgf k6s k6s ue{ktg u/fpFb} cfPsf 5g\ . s]lxn] ;'/lIft ?kdf ue{ktg u/fPsf 5g\ eg] s]lxn] c;'/lIft ?kdf ;do eGbf w]/} cjwLdf klg ue{ktg u/fpg] u/]sf 5g\ . To:tf] cj:yfdf ;dfh tyf cfkmGtsf] 8/sf sf/0f w]/}
/sd vr{ u/]/ eP klg ue{ktg u/fpg rfxg] / Tolx ;+s6df lghL ;+:yfx?n] ue{ktg u/fO{lbg] u/]sf] >f]tn] hfgsf/L lbPsf] 5 . To;/L ue{ktg u/fPsf aflnsfx?df kl5 ;d:of x'g ;Sg] lrlsT;sx?sf]egfO{5. tYofÍdf gePsf ue{x? Tolts} ;+Vofdf ktg x'g] u/]sf] >f]tn] atfPsf 5g\ . ljz]ifu/L gLlh If]qaf6 ;+rfng ePsf s]lx ;+:yfx?df ca}Bflgs ?kdf ue{ktg x'g] u/]sf] 5 .
;/sf/n] sfg"g cg';f/ ue{ktg u/fpg cg'dlt lbPsf ;+:yf / AolQmx? dfkm{t clgR5fsf] ue{ktg u/fpg kfpg]5g\ . d]l8sn ljwLaf6 @) jif{ eGbf sd pd]/sf @ ;o () hgfn] ue{ktg u/fPsf 5g\ eg] @) jif{ eGbf dfly pd]/ ;d'xsf # xhf/ ! ;o (% hgfn] d]l8sn ljwLaf6 ue{ktg u/fPsf 5g\ . ;lh{sn dfWodfaf6 ue{ktg u/fpg] @) jif{ pd]/ ;d'x eGbf sdsf $) hgf 5g\ . @) jif{ eGbf dfyLsf ^ ;o ^% hgf 5g\
cfly{s jif{ cg';f/ ue{ktgsf] cj:yf
cfly{s jif{ @)&(÷)*) df ! xhf/ # ;o !& hgfn] ;'/lIft ?kdf ue{ktg u/fPsf 5g\ eg] cl3Nnf] cfly{s jif{ @)&*÷)&( df ! xhf/ ^ ;o !@ hgfn] ue{ktg u/fP . of] t'ngfdf kl5Nnf] jif{ ue{ktg u/fpg]x?sf] ;+Vof # ;on] sd xf] . cfly{s jif{ @)&&÷)&* df of] ;+Vof ! xhf/ @ ;o ^! lyof] . tLg jif{sf] t'ngfdf ue{ktg u/fpg]x?sf] ;+Vofdf sld geO{ a[l4 ePsf]xf]. ue{ktg ;lh{sn / d]l8snsf] dfWodaf6 x'g] u/]sf] 5 .
. lhNnfdf @# j6f ;+:yfn] ue{ktg u/fpg] cg'dlt kfPsf 5g\ . cg'dlt kfPsf dWo] d]l/ :6f]K; ag]kf Ps jif{ b]lv aGb 5 . p;n] bft[ ;+:yfsf] ;xof]u k|fKt geP kl5 ;]jf aGb u/]sf] xf] . ;f7\7L3/ eujtL :jf:Yo s]Gb|n] klg Ps jif{ b]lv ;]jf pknAw u/fPsf] 5}g . cg'dlt cfPsf cGo s]lx ;+:yfn] klg k|fljlws hgzlQm tyf cGo sf/0f b]vfpFb} ;]jf z'? u/]sf 5}gg\ . lhNnfdf ;a}eGbf w]/} ue{ktg u/fpg] ;+:yfx? dWo] ag]kf, w'lnv]n / kgf}tL xf] . ag]kfdf ;To ;fO{ c:ktfndf Ps
jif{d} @ ;o &@ hgfn] ue{ktg u/fPsf 5g\ . pQm c:ktfndf ;f]lx jif{df @) jif{ eGbf sd pd]/ ;d'xsf 5}gg\ . ;To;fO{ kl5 w]/} ue{ktg w'lnv]ndf k|fylds :jf:Yo s]Gb|df ePsf] 5 . Ps jif{df ! ;o && hgfn] ue{ktg u/]sf 5g\ . h;df % hgf @) jif{ eGbf sd pd]/ ;d'xsf 5g\ . ag]kfdf /x]sf] kl/jf/ lgof]hg ;+3df klg Ps jif{sf] cjwLdf ! ;o %) hgfn] ue{ktg u/fPsf 5g\ . h;df % hgf @) jif{ eGbf sd pd]/ ;d'xsf 5g\ . :jf:Yo ;+:yfdf @) jif{ eGbf sd pd]/df tLg k6s;Dd ue{ktg u/fpg cfpg]x? klg 5g\ . kl/jf/ lgof]hgsf c:yfoL ;fwgx? k|of]u gug{] clg ue{ /x]sf] yfxf kfP nuQ} cfpg]x?sf] ;+Vof klg w]/} 5 . ;'/lIft ue{ktg u/fpFbf klg dlxnfx?sf] :jf:Yodf ;d:of b]lvPsf] 5 eg] c;'/lIft ue{ktg u/fpg]x?sf] emg} ;d:of b]lvg] u/]sf] 5 . aRrf hGdfpg] cj:yfdf To;sf c;/x? b]lvg] w'lnv]n c:ktfndf sfo{/t al/i7 :qL/f]uljz]if1k|f=8f afFsL @ k]hdf
-cgnfOg UoflDAnª, Dofr lkmlS;ª / clZnn lel8cf]
b]vfP/ 7uL u/]sf] cf/f]k_ t/ s]xL ;dod} l/xf
@)*) ;fpg 7d]nsf] xf]6n leogfaf6 t];|f] k6s kqmfp
-;o lSjG6n ;'g k|s/0fdf cf/f]lkt_
w'lnv]n÷@)*) ;fpg @ ut] /fh:j cg';Gwfg ljefun] kqmfp u/]sf] ;'g t:s/Lsf] 5fglag k|x/Lsf]
;jf]{Rrdf k'g/fj]bg, s}b ;hfo & jif{df emfg]{ km};nf @)&$ ;fn j}zfv !( ut] l/xf cWofudg sfof{non] kfFr jif{ k|ltaGw nufP/ b]z lgsfnf ;o lSjG6n ;'g k|s/0fdf km]l/ kqmfp
s]G›Lo cg';Gwfg Ao"/f]n] ul//x]sf] 5 . t/ klg cem} d'Vo lu/f]x / To;sf dflnssf af/]dfcg';Gwfg6'Ëf]dfk'Ug;s]sf]5}g. /fh:j cg';Gwfg ljefun] b'O{ ;ftf nfdf] cg';Gwfg kl5 Ps lSjG6n ;'g t:s/L k|s/0fdf cGt/b]zLo ck/fw hf]l8Psf] eGb} yk cg';Gwfgsf] lhDdf k|x/LnfO{ nufPsf] lyof] . To;kl5 k|x/Lsf] s]G›Locg';GwfgAo"/f] afFsL @ k]hdf
tLg lbgd} ‘RofKk’
ag]kf÷ag]kf gu/kflnsfsf gjn lszf]/ bf; gfO{6«fe]6 ;lxt kqmfp k/]sf 5g\ . O{nfsf k|x/L sfof{no ag]kfsf k|x/L k|d'v l8P:kL /]zd af]xf]/fn] cbfntsf] cfb]zn] h'g
cleof]udf 5'6]sf lyP ;f]lx cleof]udf k'gM tLglbg kl5kqmfp k/]sf]hfgsf/L lbP. @)*) ;fpg !& ut] kqmfp k/]sf 5g\ . % ;o !) 6\ofjn]6 ;lxt k|x/Ln]gjnlszf]/ afFsL @ k]hdf
jif{ @( c+s $@ @)*) ;fpg #@ ut] ljxLjf/ #
C0f e'QmfgL ug ;DaGwL #% lbg cToGt h?/L ;"rgf
k|sflzt ldlt M @)*)÷)$÷#@
o; ;+:yfaf6 C0f lng' ePsf tklzn adf]lhd C0fL ;b:ox?n] C0f ln+bfsf] zt{ tyf efvf adf]lhd ltg'{kg]{ ;fFjf,Jofh tyf xh{gf ;dodf ga'emfO{ k6s k6s df}lvs tyf lnlvt t/tfs]tf ubf{ ;d]t ltg{ a'emfpg gcfpg' ePsf]n] of] ;'rgf k|sflzt ul/Psf] 5 . of] ;"rgf k|sflzt ePsf] ldltn] af6f]sf] Dofb afx]s #% lbg leq cfkm'n] a'emfpg' kg]{ /sd ltg{ a'emfpg cfpg' xf]nf jf /sd ltl/ a'emfO{;s]sf] eP To;sf] k|df0f k]z ug{ cfpg' xf]nf . cGoyf afudtL k|b]z ;xsf/L P]g @)&^ sf] bkmf ^$, afudtL k|b]z ;xsf/L lgodfjnL @)&^ sf] bkmf !( / ;+:yfsf] ljlgod Pj+ gLlt adf]lhd C0f tyf afFsL aSof}tf c;'n pk/sf nfuL sfg"gL k|lqmof cjnDag ul/g] Joxf]/f ;DalGwt ;a}df hfgsf/Lsf nfuL of] ;"rgf k|sfzg ul/Psf] 5 . tklzn
JolQmut hdfgLsf] gfd y/ / jtg !#!##-)%_ C0fLsf] gfd M ljdn k|hfklt afh] M gf/fo0f bfz k|hfklt lktf M t'n;Lbfz k|hfklt gf=k|=g+ M &^)*&÷ lh=k|=sf,sfe]| 7]ufgf M ag]kf %
gfd M ljj]s k|hfklt afh] M t'nzLbfz k|hfklt lktf M ljdn k|hfklt gf=k|=g+ M #))!–)^*–@$^**÷lh=k|=sf= sfe]| 7]ufgf M ag]kf % gfd M uf]s'n v8\sf afh] M afa' /fd v8\sf lktf M xl/ axfb'/ v8\sf gf=k|=g+ M #($^@.(&÷lh=k|=sf,sfe]| 7]ufgf M ag]kf !!
qm=;= ;b:o g+ C0fLsf] gfd y/ jtg C0fL÷hdfgLsf] kmf]6f] hdfgL lbg]sf] kmf]6f] ! @
!%&**-)%_ C0fLsf] gfd M lbks ltdlN;gf afh] M dgLs07 ltdlN;gf lktf M gf/fo0f k| ltdlN;gf gf=k|=g+ M #)!)#&÷!^^$**÷lh=k|= sf, sfe]| 7]ufgf M w'lnv]n *
JolQmut hdfgLsf] gfd M /fds'df/ aGhf/f afh] M lnnfw/ aGhf/f lktf M o1 k|;fb aGhf/f gf=k|=g+ M !$&^^&÷lh=k|=sf=sfe]| 7]ufgf M kgf}tL *
JolQmut hdfgLsf] gfd M laGbf aGhf/f ;;'/f M o1 k|;fb aGhf/f klt M zflns/fd aGhf/f gf=k|=g+ M &&%#(÷lh=k|=sf=sfe]| 7]ufgf M kgf}tL *
!&@%%-)!_ C0fLsf] gfd M /fh/fd yfkf afh] M dfg axfb'/ yfkf lktf M /]zd axfb'/ yfkf gf=k|=g+ M $($#*÷!%&$÷ lh=k|=sf=sfe]| 7]ufgf M w'lnv]n !@
gfd M cfbz{ aGhf/f afh] M o1 k|;fb aGhf/f lktf M zflns/fd aGhf/f gf=k|=g+ M #)–)!–&#–)*!$!÷ lh=k|=sf=sfe]| 7]ufgf M kgf}tL *
gfd M b'uf{ ltdlN;gf ;;'/f M gf/fo0f k|;fb ltdlN;gf klt M lbks ltdlN;gf gf=k|=g+ M #)!)#&.!^^%)%÷lh=k|=sf=sfe]| 7]ufgf M w'lnv]n *
gfd M zflns/fd aGhf/f afh] M lnnfw/ aGhf/f lktf M o1 k|;fb aGhf/f gf=k|=g+ M &&%@&÷lh=k|=sf=sfe]| 7]ufgf M kgf}tL *
gfd M pdf yfkf ;;'/f M /]zd axfb'/ yfkf klt M /fh/fd yfkf gf=k|=g+ M #)!)*&.!^*)!)÷ lh=k|=sf= sfe]| 7]ufgf M w'lnv]n !@
gfd M clgn yfkf afh] M /]zd axfb'/ yfkf lktf M /fh/fd yfkf gf=k|=g+ M #)–)!–&@–)!*)%÷ lh=k|=sf=sfe]| 7]ufgf M w'lnv]n !@ $ ^^)-)!_ C0fLsf] gfd M pd]z x'dfufO{F afh] M rqm k|;fb x'dfufO{F lktf M s]zj x'dfufO{F gf=k|=g+ M !@$$%%÷lh=k|=sf= sfe]| 7]ufgf M kgf}tL @
JolQmut hdfgLsf] gfd M r]t s'df/L x'dfufO{ ;;'/f M lnnfw/ x'dfufO{ klt M rqm k|;fb x'dfufO{ gf=k|=g+ M ##($@÷lh=k|=sf= sfe]| 7]ufgf M kgf}tL @
gfd M ;'lbk x'dfufO afh] M rqm k|;fb x'dfufO{F lktf M s]zj x'dfufO{F gf=k|=g+ M *^&%(÷lh=k|=sf=sfe]| 7]ufgf M kgf}tL @
gfd M ;'jb|f x'dfufO{ ;;'/f M rqm k|;fb x'dfufO{ klt M s]zj x'dfufO{ gf=k|=g+ M !##!.^^÷lh=k|=sf=sfe]| 7]ufgf M kgf}tL @ JolQmut hdfgLsf] gfd M lk|lt >]i7 ;;'/f M s]zj x'dfufO{ klt M pd]z x'dfufO{ gf=k|=g+ M #))!–)^&–!))@)÷ lh=k|=sf=sfe]| 7]ufgf M kgf}tL @
%
!@^%(-)%_ C0fLsf] gfd M ljjs khfklt afh] M t'nzLbfz k|hfklt lktf M ljdn k|hfklt gf=k|=g+ M #))!–)^*–@$^**÷ lh=k|=sf=sfe]| 7]ufgf M ag]kf %
gfd M nIdL k|hfklt ;;'/f M t'n;Lbfz k|hfklt klt M ladn k|hfklt gf=k|=g+ M !$(**%÷lh=k|=sf=sfe]| 7]ufgf M ag]kf %
gfd M uf]s'n v8\sf afh] M afa'/fd v8\sf lktf M xl/ axfb'/ v8\sf gf=k|=g+ M #($^@.(&÷lh=k|=sf,sfe]| 7]ufgf M ag]kf !!
^ !^()-!@_ C0fLsf] gfd M xf]d a= cfn] afh] M 6Lsf/fd cfn] lktf M hdfg l;+x du/ -;fljs knf~rf]s eujtL art tyf C0f ;xsf/L ;+:yf ln=af6 nufgL ePsf]_
gfd M sdn axfb'/ tfdfª afh] M rf]s axfb'/ tfdfª lktf M g/ axfb'/ tfdfª gf=k|=g+ M !#!)!*.@#&÷ lh=k|=sf,cf]vn9'Ëf 7]ufgf M ;fljs xs{k'/ (
qm=;= ;b:o g+ C0fLsf] gfd y/ jtg C0fLsf] kmf]6f] hdfgL lbg]sf] kmf]6f]
!*%)-!@_ C0fLsf] gfd M tf/f a /fo afh] M g/ axfb'/ /fo lktf M 5q axfb'/ /fo gf=k|=g+ M !$^*÷!)(%@÷ lh=k|=sf,l;Gw'nL 7]ufgf M /fgLr'/L uf=kf ^, l;Gw'nL -;fljs knf~rf]s eujtL art tyf C0f ;xsf/L ;+:yf ln af6 nufgL ePsf]_
!*&*-!@_ C0fLsf] gfd M si0feQm >i7 afh] M k[YjL axfb'/ >]i7 lktf M lslt{ axfb'/ >]i7 gf=k|=g+ M (#@(÷$^*$%÷ lh=k|=sf, sf7df8f}F 7]ufgf M sfu]Zj/L dgf]x/f %, ynL -;fljs knf~rf]s eujtL art tyf C0f ;xsf/L ;+:yf lnaf6 nufgL ePsf]_
!*&(-!@_ C0fLsf] gfd M d'gf u'?ª afh] M sf/f u'?ª lktf M a'l4dfg u'?ª gf=k|=g+ M *@!*÷)%&÷ lh=k|=sf, lrtjg 7]ufgf M zf/bfgfu/,lrtjg -;fljs knf~rf]s eujtL art tyf C0f ;xsf/L ;+:yf ln af6 nufgL ePsf]_
JolQmut hdfgLsf] gfd y/ / jtg gfd M sljtf e08f/L ;;'/f M 6+s axfb'/ dxt klt M w'j| axfb'/ dxt gf=k|=g+ M #))!–)^*–!^%!$÷ lh=k|=sf,sfe]| 7]ufgf M e'Dn' uf=kf $,rf}jf; gfd M k|nfb rf}nfufO{ afh] M 6+s k|;fb rf}nfufO{ lktf M s[i0f k|;fb rf}nfufO{ gf=k|=g+ M !$%#&*÷lh=k|=sf,sfe]| 7]ufgf M sflQs] b]p/fnL j8f g+ (
gfd M vLn s'df/L /fo ;;'/f M 5q axfb'/ /fo klt M tf/f axfb'/ /fo gf=k|=g+ M @)!)%@.%@÷ lh=k|=sf,l;Gw'nL 7]ufgf M /fgLr'/L uf=kf ^,l;Gw'nL
gfd M d'gf u'?ª afh] M sf/f u'?ª lktf M a'l4dfg u'?ª gf=k|=g+ M *@!*÷)%&÷lh=k|=sf, lrtjg 7]ufgf M zf/bfgfu/, lrtjg
gfd M a'l4dfg u'?ª afh] M lktf M sf/f u'?ª gf=k|=g+ M @)^$÷lh=k|=sf, lrtjg 7]ufgf M zf/bfgu/, lrtjg
gfd M wg>L u'?ª afh]÷;;'/f M sf/f u'?ª lktf÷klt M a'l4dfg u'?ª gf=k|=g+ M @)(#÷lh=k|=sf,lrtjg 7]ufgf M zf/bfgu/, lrtjg
!**^-!@_ C0fLsf] gfd M e'jg u'?ª afh] M sf/f u'?ª lktf M a'l4dfg u'?ª gf=k|=g+ M ^)#$÷ lh=k|=sf,lrtjg 7]ufgf M zf/bfgfu/,lrtjg -;fljs knf~rf]s eujtL art tyf C0f ;xsf/L ;+:yf ln af6 nufgL ePsf]_
!**%-!@_ C0fLsf] gfd M wg>L u'?ª afh]÷;;'/f M sf/f u'?ª lktf÷klt M a'l4dfg u'?ª gf=k|=g+ M @)(#÷ lh=k|=sf, lrtjg 7]ufgf M zf/bfgfu/, lrtjg -;fljs knf~rf]s eujtL art tyf C0f ;xsf/L ;+:yf ln af6 nufgL ePsf]_
gfd M a'l4dfg u'?ª afh] M lktf M sf/f u'?ª gf=k|=g+ M @)^$÷lh=k|=sf, lrtjg 7]ufgf M zf/bfgu/, lrtjg gfd M wg>L u'?ª afh]÷;;'/f M sf/f u'?ª lktf÷klt M a'l4dfg u'?ª gf=k|=g+ M @)(#÷lh=k|=sf,lrtjg 7]ufgf M zf/bfgu/, lrtjg
gfd M a'l4dfg u'?ª afh] M lktf M sf/f u'?ª gf=k|=g+ M @)^$÷lh=k|=sf,lrtjg 7]ufgf M zf/bfgfu/,lrtjg
gfd M e'jg u'?ª afh] M sf/f u'?ª lktf M a'l4dfg u'?ª gf=k|=g+ M ^)#$÷lh=k|=sf,lrtjg
!**$-!@_ gfd M wg>L u'?ª afh]÷;;'/f M sf/f u'?ª lktf÷klt M a'l4dfg u'?ª gf=k|=g+ M @)(#÷lh=k|=sf,lrtjg
7]ufgf M zf/bfgu/, lrtjg
7]ufgf M zf/bfgfu/, lrtjg C0fLsf] gfd M a'l4dfg u'?ª afh] M lktf M sf/f u'?ª gf=k|=g+ M @)^$÷ lh=k|=sf,lrtjg 7]ufgf M zf/bfgfu/,lrtjg -;fljs knf~rf]s eujtL art tyf C0f ;xsf/L ;+:yf ln af6 nufgL ePsf]_
gfd M e'jg u'?ª afh] M sf/f u'?ª
lktf M a'l4dfg u'?ª gf=k|=g+ M ^)#$÷lh=k|=sf,lrtjg 7]ufgf M zf/bfgfu/, lrtjg
k'gZr M o; ;+:yfaf6 C0f lnO{ ls:tf a'emfpg afFsL /x]sf ;Dk"0f{ ;b:ox?nfO{ ;d]t o;} ;"rgf dfkm{t C0fsf] ls:tf tyf Jofh ;dod} e'QmfgL ug{x'g cg'/f]w ub{5f}F . ;+of]hs lwtf] lnnfd pk;ldlt
dgf:n art tyf C0f ;xsf/L ;+:yf ln= ag]kf–!), sfe|], kmf]g g+= )!!–^^@%))
shf r'Qmf ug cfpg af/]sf #% lbg ;"rgf ;"rgf k|sflzt ldlt M @)*).$.#@ o; ;+:yfaf6 ljleGg lzif{s cGtu{t C0f lnPsf C0fLx?n] C0f lnFbf ul/lbPsf] lnvt / C0f :jLs[tkqsf] zt{df tf]lsP cg';f/ ;do ;dodf a'emfpg' kg]{ ;fjfF, Jofh tyf cGo b}÷b:t'/ cflb glt/L gj'emfO{ ;+:yf;Fu u/]sf] zt{ sj'lnotsf] pNn+3g u/]sf] / ;+:yfn] shf{ r'Qmf e'Qmfgsf] nflu C0fL tyf JolQmut hdfgLstf{nfO{ k6s k6s df}lvs tyf lnlvt?kdf tfs]tf ubf{ ;d]t shf{ r'Qmf ug]{tkm{ s'g} rf;f] gb]vfO{ a]jf:tf u/L j:g'ePsf]n] tkfO{ C0fL, lwtf] hdfgL lbg] tyf JolQmut wg hdfgL lbg]sf gfddf shf{ r'Qmf e'Qmfg ug{ cfpg] jf/]sf] of] #% -k}lt;_ lbg] ;fj{hlgs ;"rgf k|sflzt ul/Psf] 5 . ctM of] ;"rgf k|sflzt ePsf] ldltn] #% -k}lt;_ lbg leq ;DalGwt zfvf sfof{nox?df ;Dks{ /fvL cfFkm'n] lnPsf] shf{sf] a'emfpg' kg]{ ;fFjf, Jofh tyf b}÷b:t'/ ;d]t r'Qmf e'QmfgL ug'{xf]nf . ;fy}, JolQmut wg hdfgL j:g]n] ;d]t shf{ r'Qmf e'QmfgL ug{ nufpg' x'g cg'/f]w 5 . cGoyf lwtf] ;'/If0f jfkt ;+:yfsf] gfddf n]vL n]vfO{ lbPsf] lwtf] / sy+sbflrt ;f] lwtf]af6 ;Dk"0f{ n]gf /sd c;'n pk/ x'g g;s]df c;'n pk/ geO{ afFsL /x]sf] /sd C0fL / gLhsf] Psf3/ ;uf]nsf] kl/jf/sf gfddf /x]sf] cGo rn crn ;DklQ jf C0f lnFbf JolQmut hdfgL lbg]sf] gfddf /x]sf jf gLhsf] xssf] rn crn ;DklQaf6 ;d]t ;xsf/L P]g tyf afudtL k|b]z ;/sf/ ko{6g pBf]u tyf ;xsf/L dGqfno x]6f}8fsf] ;xsf/L P]g @)&^ sf] bkmf ^% / ^^ adf]lhd, ;+:yfsf shf{ c;'nL gLlt tyf cGo ;Da4 k|rlnt P]g, sfg'g adf]lhd lwtf] lnnfd ljqmL u/L tyf lwtf] g/x]sf] xsdf k|rlnt sfg"g adf]lhd ;Ddflgt lhNnf cbfntdf d'2f btf{ u/L jf ;DalGwt :yfgLo lgsfodf sf/jfxLsf nflu n]lvk7fpg], ;fdflhs ;~hfn, ;+:yfsf] j]e;fO{6, ;"rgfaf]8{df C0fL tyf wghdfgLsf] kmf]6f];lxt tLgk':t] ljj/0f ;fj{hlgs ul/ ;+:yfsf] n]gf afFsL /sd c;'n pk/ ul/g] tyf #% lbgleq shf{ r'Qmf e'Qmfg gu/]df C0fL / JolQmut hdfgLstf{nfO{ ;d]t shf{ ;"rgf s]Gb|sf] sfnf] ;"rLdf gfd ;dfj]z ug]{ k|s[of cl3 a9fOg] Joxf]/f ;d]t o;} ;"rgfaf6 hfgsf/L u/fOG5 .
k|f]lehg art tyf C0f ;xsf/L ;+:yf ln= sf7df8f}+ –#! gofF afg]Zj/ lwtf] aGws ;DklQ lnnfd ljqmL ;DaGwL #% lbg] cToGt h?/L ;"rgf o; ;+:yfaf6 C0f lng' ePsf ;b:on] C0f lnbfsf] zt{ tyf efvf adf]lhd ltg'{kg]{ ;fFjf, Jofh / xh{gf ;dodf glt/L k6s k6s df}lvs tyf lnlvt tfs]tf ubf{ tyf laleGg ldltdf C0f e'QmfgLsf] nflu ;fj{hflgs ;"rgf k|sflzt ubf{ ;d]t ltg{ a'emfpg gcfpg' ePsf]n] of] ;"rgf k|sflzt ul/Psf] 5 . of] ;"rgf k|sflzt ePsf] ldltn] #% lbg leq cfkm'n] a'emfpg' kg{] /sd ltg{ a'emfpg' xf]nf . cGoyf of] ;"rgf k|sflzt ePsf] ldltn] #^ cf}+ lbgdf ;xsf/L P]g @)&$ sf] bkmf &(, ;xsf/L lgodfjnL @)&% sf] bkmf #) / ;+:yfsf] ljlgod tyf lglt adf]lhd ;fFjf, Aofh / xh{gf /sd ;d]t o; ;+:yfdf lwtf] /x]sf] tklzn pNn]v ePsf] 3/ hUuf tyf pQm hUufdf ag]sf] ;+/rgf ;d]t o; ;+:yfsf] sfof{no sf7df8f}+ #! gofFafg]Zj/df /x]sf] cfkm\g} sfof{nodf lbgsf] ! ah] lnnfd u/L cz'n pk/ ul/g] ePsfn] tklzn adf]lhdsf 3/÷hUuf oyfl:yltdf lnnfd a9fa9 ug{ cfpg x'g ;a} ;j{;fwf/0fdf / ;DalGwt C0fL tyf ;DklQ lwtf] aGws n]lvlbg] ;DalGwt ;a}nfO{ o;} ;'rgf4f/f ;'lrt ul/G5 . lnnfddf ;a}eGbf a9L 8fFs af]Ng]sf] gfddf lnnfd ;b/ ul/g]5 . pQm lbg ;f] /sdsf] !)Ü /sd w/f}6L :j?k bflvnf ug' kg]{5 . bflvnf vf/]h tyf lwtf] gfd;f/L ubf{ nfUg] ;Dk"0f{ vr{x? ;sf/ ug{] AolQmn] Aoxf]g'{ kg{]5 . cGo s'/fsf] hfgsf/L o; ;+:yfaf6 k|fKt ug{ ;lsg]5 . lnnfd x'g] lbg labf k/]df ;f] kl5 sfof{no v'Ng] lbgdf lnnfd x'g]5 . lnnfd ;b/ ab/ ug{] ;Dk"0f{ clwsf/ ;+:yfnfO{ x'g]5 . s;}n] af]n saf]n gu/]df ;DalGwt lwtf] /flvPsf] ;DklQ o; ;+:yfn] ;sf/ ug]{ Aoxf]/f o;} ;"rgf4f/f ;'lrt ul/G5 . tklzn
qm=;= ;=g+= C0fLsf] gfd y/ jtg afh]÷;;'/f sf] gfd lktf÷kltsf] gfd C0f lzif{s -C0fsf] p2]Zo_ lwtf] lbg] hUuf wgLsf] gfd lwtf]sf] ljj/0f C0fLsf] kmf]6f]
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a'l4nfn ;Gt axfb'/ Aoj;fo laGb'nL tfdfª sf=k=lh 9'ª\vs{–% l:yt lsQf g+ $^,!)@ If]qkmn qmdz -$–&–!–)_ -)–%–)–#_,
gf]6 M o; ;+:yfaf6 C0f lnO{ efvf gf3]sf cGo C0fLx?nfO{ klg rf8f]eGbf rfF8f] cfˆgf] C0f e'Qmfg ug{ cg'/f]w ul/G5 . cGoyf qmdzM ;Dk"0f{ v/fa C0fLx?sf] gfd k|sflzt ul/ C0f c;'nL k|s[of cuf8L a9fO{g] Aoxf]/f hfgsf/L u/fO{G5 .
x/]s ljxLjf/ r]i6f ;fKtflxs vf]hL vf]hL k9f}+ www.cheshtawweelky.com.n
egf{ v'Nof] ! egf{ v'Nof] !! egf{ v'Nof] !!!
w'lnv]n gu/kflnsfsf] ;xof]udf sfe|] lhNnfdf Psdfq lalaP; txsf] Joj:yfkg ;+sfodf ;Dk"0f{ ljBfyL{x?nfO{ lgMz'Ns 5fqj[lQ ;lxt w'lnv]n SofDk; w'lnv]ndf gofF z}lIfs ;q @)*).)*! sf] nflu :gfts tx k|yd jif{df egf{ v'Nof] .
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g]kfnL / cFu|]hL dfWoddf 5'§f5'§} sIff x'g]
lj:t[t hfgsf/Lsf] nflu w'lnv]n SofDk;, w'lnv]n
kmf]g g+= )!!$()$^@, (*%!))*)#&
lqljljaf6 (QAA) k|fKt ug{ ;kmn
t]hu+uf ax'd'vL SoFDk; kgf}tL, sfe|]knf~rf]s
pRr lzIffsf] If]qdf cu|0fL :yfg cf]u6\g ;kmn kgf}tL–*, l:yt t]hu+uf ax'd'vL SofDk;df z}lIfs ;q @)*)÷)*! sf] nflu :gfts tx k|yd jif{df egf{ v'Nof]
;+rflnt sfo{qmd
B.B.S. B.Ed. B.A.
4 Years - English & Nepali Medium
4 Years - English, Nepali, Maths Population
4 Years - Sociology & Rural Development
kmf]g g+= )!!–$$))@*, $$!$&&, (*$!#))*)*, (*%!)(^%@& Email:tmcpanauti@gmail.com
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ljiffbLsf] k|of]u ePsf] vfBj:t', kmnkm"n Pj+ t/sf/Lsf] pkef]uaf6 Kof/fnfOl;;, x[bo3ft tyf d[To';d]t x'g;Sg] ePsf]n] To:tf j:t'sf] pkef]udf ;fjwfgL ckgfcf}+ .
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r]i6f klAns]zg k|f=ln=åf/f k|sflzt tyf d'lb|t, cWoIf M czf]s Jof~h", sfo{sf/L ;Dkfbs M df]tL/fd ltdlN;gf, ;x ;Dkfbs M nId0f ltdlN;gf, sDKo'6/ ck/]6/ M nf]saxfb'/ yfkf, sfof{no M ag]kf !), sfe|], kmf]g g+= )!!^^@$($, email: cheshtaweekly@yahoo.com/website: www.cheshtaweekly.com.np, d'b|0f M ;Gtf]if lk|lG6ª k|];, ag]kf, sfe|] .